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Foodies, we think this might be the first review that we've ever written for KL Foodie. Here's the thing, we heard Dancing Fish is celebrating their 8th Anniversary. So we went ahead to try out their food, to see whether they lived up to their fame. We mean it's not easy for a restaurant to stick through 8 years in this fast-paced city and still going strong. As mentioned, this is the first review. To celebrate this breakthrough, there's a giveaway towards the end, so read through to find out more! (Don't cheat okay)
What is Dancing Fish?
Rooted since 2010 in Bangsar, Dancing Fish has been known as the treasure trove of Malay-Indo
cuisine in Kuala Lumpur. While other cuisines such as Thai or Vietnamese are rising in fame, Malay-Indo food are still slow at its pace. That said, Dancing Fish aspires to serve affordable great real food, to showcase and promote the true unadulterated flavours of Malaysia and Indonesia. We thought Malay-Indo food deserves more attention when it's acceptable by every race and religion, so here's our taste test.
Taste Test of Dancing Fish:
Before we begin, we need to tell you that Dancing Fish are preservative and MSG free. You know how Malay-Indo food is usually strong in flavors and you might think it's because of "ajinomoto." Nope, that's not the case in Dancing Fish, they carefully select and play with spices. Okay, on to our mandatory "here's what we order" photo.
Kickstarting our meal with the Appetizer Platter (RM49.80). It's the perfect introductory platter for any beginners to sample Malay-Indo cuisine. The platter includes signature charcoal-grilled chicken satay, cumi-cumi tahu bakar with spicy peanut rujak sauce, seafood sate lilit and spicy green apple salad with salted fish. Each has a distinctive flavor, light and tantalizing.
On to the mains, we had the highlight of the restaurant, Dancing Fish with Sambal Dabu-Dabu (RM53.35). Nila fish deep-fried into perfection, even the shape of the fish remains. Crunchy white flesh meat, good to go on its own as you could still taste the freshness of the fish. Or, pair with their sambal dabu-dabu, a specially made salsa sauce that will intrigue your tastebud with its tanginess.
Udang Masak Lemak Chili Padi Nenas (Seasonal) and BBQ Beef Ribs with Sambal Matah (RM79.90) were two of the premiere dishes that we ordered at Dancing Fish. The first prawn dish was a wow factor. Imagine this, fresh tiger prawns slow cooked with turmeric, spicy herbs and pineapple. Authentic Malacca Nyonya style, the flavors will linger in your mouth and make you crave for more.
The BBQ Beef Ribs is a strong competitor to the prawn dish. Australian short ribs marinated for 24 hours with various herbs and spices. It is then grilled on charcoal flames, the meat sucked in the smokes and flavors of charcoal. Each chunk of meat were beautifully and evenly grilled, you can definitely see its sheen.
Read Also: Top 10 New Cafe in KL You Have to Visit by 2019
We Ordered More Than We Should at Dancing Fish……
You've heard of smoked duck, grilled duck but fried duck? Only in Dancing Fish you get Bebek Goreng Bali (Crispy Duck) with Chilli Vinaigrette (RM49.90). The juice and oil of the meat was well preserved though being deep fried. You can definitely taste a lot of herbs going on in there as the duck meat were marinated for 24 hours being going into the oil bath. Dip into the chilli vinaigrette, it will intrigue your taste bud.
Ikan Seabass Bakar (RM 69.50) and Gulai Pucuk Paku (RM19.60) were the last two mains that came. We thought these two dishes were perfect paired with white rice or nasi berempah kuning. The fish were torched on high flames, we could definitely taste the fresh flesh with tad bit of smokiness, served with their homade sambal hijau and merah. The vegetable is actually young fern shoots cooked with coconut milk and turmeric. Creamy and sweet, we easily finished off the rice with just the gravy.
Ending our meal with desserts. How can we say no to ice cream (RM13.35)? Served with sweet potato, coconut scraping and palm sugar. Definitely, a lot going on but definitely with a sweet, creamy note that's not over cloying. Next was Chef Trio (RM13.80). We get to sample chef's specialty at the right portion. Lemongrass jelly with pop pops is refreshing and actually revived our childhood with the pop pops sensation. Soya jelly with longan palm tasted familiar, like the local beancurd. Last one, Mango Lolo is great for mango lovers.
Verdict on Dancing Fish:
No doubt Dancing Fish is KL Foodie approved. The standard and quality of food justify the price point, for a restaurant to continuously serving faithfully for 8 years is a thing. We got to sample one of the best Malay-Indo food with honest ingredients and flavors, cooked with the right knowledge, what else to complain about? We know Malay-Indo food might not be for everyone, but at Dancing Fish, there's something for every palate.
About The Giveaway:
Probably your most anticipated moment, we're sad to say the giveaway is not by us but by Dancing Fish. As mentioned, Dancing Fish is celebrating it's 8th Anniversary, so they're giving you guys a holiday! Those who spent a minimum of RM250 at Dancing Fish in a single receipt from 1 November – 31 December 2018, will stand a chance to win the incredible 3 days 2 nights trip for two to Bali! Did we mention it includes accommodation and return flights worth RM2500?!
There's only one winner, but Dancing Fish is generous enough to provide 2 other prizes. 2nd prize is a 2D1N stay in Villa Samadhi, KL worth RM800. 3rd prize is a Dancing Fish Discount Voucher worth RM300! Tempting? Just spend RM250 in a single receipt, fill up the form and be patient. Dancing Fish will announce the winner on 3 January 2019 on their Facebook page, so follow them to stay updated.
Dancing Fish
Address: Lot T120, 121, 122, 3rd Floor, Bangsar Shopping Centre, 285 Jalan Maarof, Bukit Bandar Raya, 59000 Kuala Lumpur.
Operating Hour: 11:30 a.m.-10 p.m. (Daily)
More Info: facebook.com/Dancing Fish.my


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In the 2012 London Marathon, a 30 year old woman named Claire Squires tragically died with about a mile to go. At the end of January, a coroner ruled that the most likely cause of her death was a single dose of Jack3d, a performance-enhancing supplement that at the time was legal to buy, possess and use. The inquest had found that she had purchased the Jack3d powder online, where it was advertised as workout aid or a weight-loss supplement that boosted energy, concentration and metabolism. This powder when added to water contains the amphetamine-like stimulant DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine), which is linked to psychiatric disorders, heart attacks, strokes and a death. It was also on the list of substances banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency.
At the inquest, her partner said..."Claire was always in the gym, where this stuff was being widely talked about. She took it a couple of times [while training for the marathon] but didn't really get on with it. She never particularly liked it but wanted to beat her previous marathon time [of just over four hours]. She said she was going to take one scoop, as recommended. In her own words, 'if I hit a bit of a wall, I might take this drink and see if it pushes me through the end of the marathon'. Claire was passionately against the use of drugs and would never, ever, have taken anything that would have caused her harm or even worse risked her life. She innocently took a supplement which at the time was entirely legal, and widely available on the high-street, and somewhat worryingly, apparently used by so many others. It's clear there needs to be far better supervision of the so-called health foods and supplements industry so that no more tragedies like this happen again, causing other families to … go through what we have been through this past year."
That supplement, with its amphetamine-type effects, was to be banned four months after the London Marathon by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the UK.
In July 2012, the Food Safety Authority Ireland (FSAI) and the Irish Medicines Board (IMB) issued a strong precautionary message for consumers on the health dangers of taking food supplements or products containing the substance DMAA.
DMAA is an illegal central nervous system stimulant related to amphetamine and has been found in food and sports supplements. It can cause high blood pressure, nausea, cerebral haemorrhage, stroke and in serious cases can be fatal. Consumers are advised not to purchase food supplements or products containing DMAA which may be available in retail outlets or online. People are advised that if they are feeling any ill effects after taking any of these food supplements/products that they should contact their doctor and retain/present the product in question. They are also advised to dispose of any additional food supplements/products listed below that they may have purchased.
List of known products containing DMAA:
1. Hemodrene
2. Hemorush
3. Crack
4. Marrow Matters
5. Jack3d
6. Spriodex
7. Napalm
8. Lipo-6 Black
The FSAI is aware that food supplements containing DMAA have been imported into Ireland and are available online. The FSAI has requested environmental health officers to check retail outlets to determine if food supplements or products containing DMAA are on sale. Sport, health stores and Irish-based companies selling these products online are advised to remove any food supplements or products containing DMAA from sale.
Professor John Brewer of the University of Bedfordshire sums it up as follows......."If you look at 20 miles into a marathon, you will already be dehydrated and that is putting extra strain on the body and causing the heart rate to be higher, body temperature to be higher. Your heart rate is probably 160-180 beats per minute. If you then take a stimulant to enable you to run through the very difficult last five or six miles of a marathon and to ignore many of the signals the body is giving out ... you therefore artificially enable to push yourself too hard, then you are running a grave risk of doing something damaging to your body. If somebody offers you a product that they suggest is going to suddenly revolutionise your performance, you can bet your bottom dollar that either everyone else will have been using it and you will already have heard about it, or there is something not quite right about it. When you see claims on supplements that claim they are some form of wonder product – if it seems too good to be true, it probably is too good to be true."
Needless to say, there is a vast amount of information and advice on the Internet about how to improve your running times and performance. You should always be very wary about any advice that recommends that you consume a particular product, especially if you don't know where it comes from.
Welcome to the Running in Cork blog, home of the Cork running community. This is the largest website in Cork & Munster for news on road races and general running news. Included are a current race calendar, race previews, photos, results as well as some local, national and international news items.
Wednesday, February 06, 2013
The hazards of illegal supplements
Jack 3D,
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Mary Lucier Video Installation Available to Travel
Video by Mary Lucier, Electronic music and sound by Earl Howard, and a remix of the country western song, I Can Still Make Cheyenne, by George Strait
The Plains of Sweet Regret
… the work explodes into dance, the dance of the bucking horse, the bull, the clown, the rodeo rider. This is the resplendent West, but Lucier undermines its glory with loss. Brilliantly, the artist sets her choreography to George Straits country western song, I Can Still Make Cheyenne. The music and the images cascade back over themselves, folding, repositioning, repeating, alive …
Laurel Reuter
Five channels of synchronized DVD video, with stereo sound,
four large video projection screens, two 43 inch plasma monitors, and four loudspeakers
Total cycle, 18:00 minutes, continuous repeat
Commissioned by the North Dakota Museum of Art
Exhibition Tour
All equipment available from NDMOA
Details and images: ndmoa.com/temp
Exhibition Catalog
48 pages, full color. Published by the North Dakota Museum of Art
Introduction by Laurel Reuter, Exhibition Curator
Essay by Karen Wilkin
Plainsong: The Video of Mary Lucier
An article by Paula Rabinowitz
Published in Border Crossings, May 2005, Issue #94 www.bordercrossingsmag.com
Mary Lucier is known for making complex and provocative multi-media video installations. Her works are among the first video pieces to be collected by major museums including the Whitney Museum of American Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, and the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam. A forthcoming book on her work, Lost Objects of Desire: Video Installation, Mary Lucier, and The Romance of History, by Melinda Barlow, is soon to be published by the University of Minnesota Press.
Brian Lofthus, email@example.com


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England – {22/10/10} – UK-based Crimson is a new organization offering tailored, professional document solutions. Their new website has enabled them to focus on their key services, offering outstanding levels of service and value for money.
The 21st Century has seen the development of The Digital Age, with technology at the forefront of the majority of businesses worldwide. In an age where everything is done on a computer and online, it seems out of place to have thousands of pages of documentation taking up valuable space in your office.
Crimson has seen the gap in the market for quality document management services and pounced upon it with a brand new website www.crimsondms.co.uk. Thanks to a wealth of knowledge and experience, the team behind Crimson is able to provide a truly unique tailored professional document service; a service that's flexible and fast.
A Proud History
One of the many reasons why the new website has already been labeled as a success is because the people behind Crimson are no novices; they're experts at what they do and the heritage of Crimson stretches back to 1977 when MTL (now part of Crimson) launched a microfilm services bureau in Lancashire. After an expansion into the document-scanning sector in 1998, the team behind MTL and Crimson is still there and continues to provide an unbeatable service.
Digital Services for the Future
The launch of the new Crimson site has enabled them to really focus on providing digital services, such as Document Scanning, Data Capture, Email Management, Book Scanning and Forms
Processing. However, they also offer partner services including Offsite Storage, Confidential Archive Destruction, and Scanner Maintenance Support.
At a time when companies are expected to be online and provide documents digitally, Crimson are well placed to serve the UK and beyond. For more information on the services, they provide visit their website at www.crimsondms.co.uk.
Contact Information:
Crimson (www.crimsondms.co.uk)
United Kingdom


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- Finish: Matte Bronze
- Diameter: 17" inch
- Width: 8" inch
- Offset: +15mm | Backspacing: 5.09"
- Bolt Pattern: 6x114.3 / 6x4.5
- Center Bore: 66.1mm
- Load rating: 2105 lbs
- Weight: 20.9 lbs per wheel
- Includes a Cosmis center cap
Our matte bronze is a neutral-toned, light brown with a flat finish that shimmers when the sunlight hits (subtle, but just enough pop). This is a timeless look on all trucks and SUVs. The Cosmis MR-II remains a popular split 6 spoke design for many reasons. An aggressive look while still fitting on that daily driver. Embossed lettering on the lip and a name plate style badge, the details really make this wheel stand out.
Valve stems and TPMS sensors are not included. Price is per wheel. All Cosmis Racing Wheels are JWL & VIA Certified. This part is non application specific. Please verify compatibility before purchase. Please email us if you need assistance with finding a wheel that will work for your vehicle.
Note: We recommend to test fit the wheel prior to mounting tires to ensure the wheels will clear the brake calipers.
Care: Use mild soap and water with a microfiber or terry cloth.


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[ . BACK to Daruma Museum TOP . ]
. Legends about Fudo お不動さま - 不動明王 .
Fudo Myo-O legends from Fukushima
不動明王 - 福島県の伝説
. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
shibu 田螺 Tanishi, mud snail
Before the hatsu uma 初午 First Day of the Horse people put salt in the four corners of the yururi 圍爐裡 / ユルリ (irori 囲炉裏) open hearth。Then they throw mud snails on the roof. If they reach far to the other side, there will be no fire for the coming year.
Tanishi are the messengers of Fudo Myo-O.
If eaten, they will cure eye disease.
. tanishi 田螺 / たにし mud snail .
. hatsu uma, hatsu-uma 初午 First Day of the Horse .
in February
- Iwashiro province 岩代国. Nishiniidono, Nihonmatsu, Fukushima
Once upon a time
in the hamlet of Mokusho-uchi 杢少内 (Mukkyoji in local dialect ムッキョジ) in 西新殿 Nishiniidono there was a wooden statue of Fudo Myo-O お不動様 in the Fudo Hall on the hill.
The villagers had great faith in the statue and came to pray and worship here every day with all kinds of wishes.
. Tanishi Fudo タニシ不動 / たにし不動 Mud-Snail Fudo .
Legends from Fukushima and other prefectures.
会津若松市 Aizu Wakamatsu
A story told by 長嶺トキ Nagamine Toki.
After an operation for an artificial hip joint she was unconscious for 4 days. In the evening of the 4th day in the room for the nurses there appeared Fudo Myo-O in the left corner of the ceiling. In the middle appeared many 地蔵様 Jizo figures and in the right there was 観音様 Kannon sama leading a child.
(After that vision she was healed.)
原町市 Haramachi
tenjin 天人 heavenly maiden
A man named from the Miura clan named 三浦左近国清 Miura Sakon Kunikiyo lived in 太田村別所 Ota village 別所館 Besshonotate. He went to the Fudo Waterfall at 馬場村 Babamura to pray for a wife. That night Fudo appeared in his dream and told him, that in this world there was no wife to fit him. He should go to the pond at 五台山 Mount Godaisan where the tenjin 天人 heavenly maiden come to bath and snatch one of their hagoromo 羽衣 feather mantles. Kunikiyo did as he dreamt, got the mantle and went back home. Soon the maiden came to his home and wanted her mantle back, but eventually she stayed on and became his wife. They had two sons and one daughter.
When the children had grown up, the maiden took her mantle, said good bye and went back to heaven. Kunikiyo was very sad and his daughter was even more sad. She eventually threw herself into the pond and died. Now there is even a stone memorial in her memory at the pond, 姫塚 Himezuka.
and also
- reference source : joukan.sakura.ne.jp/joukan/hukushima/bessho -
. hagoromo 羽衣 and the heavenly maidens .
いわき市 Iwaki town 四倉町 Yotsukuramachi
shinmeisama しんめい様 Shinmei Sama
At the old family home of the 渡邊 Watanabe there was a 神明宮 Shinmei Shrine venerating the deity Shinmei Sama.
Eventually there was no successor to the family line to care for the Shrine. So Shinmei Sama called on Fudo for help and sent an old blind man to continue the worship.
. shinmeisama しんめい様 Shinmei Sama .
郡山市 Koriyama 湖南町 Konan
Two farmers were sleeping in the fields during lunchtime, when suddenly a large boulder came rolling down and stopped right beside them. "This must be a stone to venerate Kannon Bosatsu"!
Then some specialists came from Aizu Wakamatsu and said it should be placed at the Waterfall of Kitamori 北森の滝 where Fudo Myo-O is venerated.
So the villagers carried the stone near the waterfall, shounting "Kan man baran" all the way. カンマンバラン Kanmanbaran is the local name of the Fudo Myo-O.
Kanmanboron, Kanman Boron カンマンボロン.
This is "kanman boron" in a different cliff
at Mizugakiyama 瑞牆山(みずがきやま) in Yamanashi
- source and photos : thunter.or.tv/irorian
noomaku sanmanda bazaradan senda
makaroshada sowataya
un tarata kanman
. The mantra of Fudo Myo-O .
- - - - -
. 源八幡太郎義家 Minamoto no Yoshiie Hachimantaro .
He came to Oshu to fight 奥州征伐 the local people in 1189. At 不動滝 the Fudo Waterfall the 馬の足跡 footprints of his horse can still be seen.
西白河郡 Nishi-Shirakawa district 表郷村 Omotegomura
ryuu 竜 dragon
Once it rained very very strong. A priest who had come along recited the sutras, then he left three コケラ(うろこ)fish scales and ascended to heaven.
A statue of Fudo with these three scales is the main statue of the temple 天竜山法泉寺 Tenryuzan Hosen-Ji.
- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
不動 福島
. - Join Fudo Myo-O on facebook - Fudō Myō-ō .
. Pilgrimages to Fudo Temples 不動明王巡礼
Fudo Myo-O Junrei - Fudo Pilgrims .
. Legends about Fudo お不動さま - 不動明王 .
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
- - #fudolegendsfukushima #fukushimalegends -
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COLOGNE, Germany—Lanxess A.G. will showcase new masterbatches for manufacturing reinforced rubber parts at K 2019, which will be held Oct. 16-23 in Duesseldorf, Germany.
Lanxess said in a news release that pre-dispersed additives from the Rhenogran product series are easy to handle, dust free, simple to dose and exhibit strong processing properties.
Rhenogran P91-40/Q is suited to manufacture high temperature resistant, durable, wear-resistant silicone items like washers and seals. Lanxess said the silicone matrix and aromatic polyamides in the fibers form a matched pair, especially when exposed to high thermal stress.
Rhenogran P91-40/FKM can be used to manufacture products like high-performance rubber goods for aviation designed to withstand high operating temperatures, require strong chemical resistance and dynamic properties. Laxness said each of the new additives contains about 40 percent highly fibrillated pulp content.
Rhenogran CNT masterbatches are reinforcing additives for special applications that involve withstanding high mechanical stresses. Lanxess said they are designed to expand the range of water dispersed CNT latex additives and initially will only be available in relatively highly diluted states.
For more information visit rch.lanxess.com.
The New Products blog showcases innovations suppliers are introducing to the rubber industry. It focuses on new materials, machinery, molds, testing equipment, software, and other goods and services that are intended to help manufacturers of finished rubber products. The blog appears on Tuesdays and Thursdays. To have your product considered for the blog, contact Online Content Editor Erin Pustay Beaven at [email protected] or Editor Bruce Meyer at [email protected].


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High Speed Internet Hotels In Leh Ladakh With Sangaylay palace has welcomed guests from all walks of life into its elegant embrace. With their understated luxury and awe-inspiring views of the hotel's brilliant gardens We have 12 executive rooms with a King Sized Bed. All Rooms Feature Exclusive Linen Spread on 8″ Spring Mattresses to give you the best comfort possible. All our rooms have Laminated Wooden Flooring with central Heating.
All our rooms are equipped with LED TV with satellite connection, wardrobe, individually controlled central heating, attached bathroom with cubical shower with 24hrs hot water supply and Herbal Toiletries.
Our rooms create a peaceful heaven for couple's and leisure stay in ladakh.
Executive Rooms are 250 Square Feet each with a Bathroom Over 55 Sq. Ft with a king sized Spring Bed with exclusive linen spread on a an 8" Spring Mattress. With Woodden Laminated Flooring ,plush furniture and a view of Leh Palace and Shanti Stupa you are bound to be spelled. Furnished with all modern amenities expected for an exquisite experience, we ensure you maximum comfort during your well deserved stay with us.


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First Annual Music Open house
April 7, 2021
The Bakersfield College Performing Arts Department held the first annual Bakersfield College Music Open House on Saturday, March 20. The open house was held to introduce students interested in Bakersfield College's music programs to the programs' faculty, as well as give students an idea of what live performance is like at Bakersfield College. The event was hosted by the Music Department Chair and Director of Choral and Vocal Studies, Dr. Jennifer Garrett, and featured various Music Department staff.
The event opened with an introduction and short performance from each faculty member present, starting with professor and Jazz Director Kris Tiner on trumpet and ending with former Department Chair and current music professor John Gerhold, who covered Elton John's "Rocketman."
After introductions were a brief video tour of the Edward Simonsen Performing Arts Center, followed by summaries of the different programs in the Music Department: Jazz Studies, Concert Band and Orchestra, Commercial Music, Chamber Singers and Choir, and Marching Arts. Attendants of the open house were then split into groups based on the program they were most interested in and given information about the program along with live music demonstrations and lessons.
"It was so wonderful to be able to see new incoming students but also meet the
instrumental instructors that I hadn't met as a vocal major," Thea Tanicala, student and President of the Bakersfield College Chamber Singers, said about the event. "There was so much talent and every new music student is in good hands! There was a lot of really useful information about each of the programs we offer and the many ensembles that many students can join. I learned a lot about the Music Program and the Performing Arts Center. I'm really glad they had an Open House that allows an in-depth view of what it's going to be like as a music major."


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I hate to tell you that most people don't care about your newsletter. People are not part of your network of contacts for you to supply them with content. Most people join restaurant contact lists because they want offers and promotions, not a lengthy story about how special your grandma's recipe is.
People who initially visit your website are leads. Leads are interested in dining with you but not ready to make a reservation or stop by for a visit.
Capturing information from these leads is crucial in your marketing plan.
The best way to capture these leads is to exchange their contact information with something they want: an offer or a promotion.


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Refrigerant gases are used to keep a low temperature in some controlled places. However, these can cause environmental damages as well as health problems. Refrigerant gases such as ammonia (NH3) and Freon (HCFC or CFC) are often lighter than air and sometimes difficult to identify because of their subtle odor. It is thus important to monitor these gases in order to avoid fainting or damage to respiratory tract. Detekta Solutions offers several gas detectors suitable for commercial, industrial, and personal applications such as arenas and refrigerators. You will consequently be certain to protect the environment, your employees, and civilians with confidence without neglecting productivity.
Mechanical Rooms
Mechanical rooms are very often confined spaces with little air circulation. Machinery may emit CO, oil mist, propane, or other chemical vapors. In the case of a heating system, gas leakage can spread throughout the building and asphyxiate people. With its gas detectors, Detekta Solutions ensures good air quality both in mechanical rooms or for any external systems connected to it.
Ventilation is not sufficient in refrigerated warehouses or arenas. Gas leaks associated with the use of Freon cooling systems can cause damages similar to carbon oxide. In addition, ammonia and CO2 can cause significant damage to health, such as breathing difficulties, and even death. Often in enclosed or covered areas, it is important to have CO2 or ammonia detectors in order to avoid gas buildups and ensure compliance with the standards of the MDDEFP, the MTQ, the MAPAQ, the CSST, and the MSP.
Food Processing
In order to identify potential hazards associated with food processing, it is important to control ambient gases that can potentially come into contact with food. Gas detectors minimize the risk of cross-contaminations with outside air or gas leaking from any refrigeration systems. According to Health Canada, the gases used in the conditioning of the atmosphere can affect the quality and shelf life of your products. Detekta Solutions offers you a wide range of products that do not only protect workers, but also those who consume processed products.


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E-Commerce Website
Paid on delivery
Hello Experts,
We are planning to start a E-Commerce website with suppliers from all over the global and shipping abilities both within and outside of Australia.
We are in very early phase and would like to get a report of possible combination on different tools with pricing for the following functions.
Must have
[login to view URL] Friendly Website
[login to view URL] solutions (EFTPOS/ Online)
[login to view URL] solutions
[login to view URL] optimization
[login to view URL] (Facebook / Insta / Mail Merge)
[login to view URL]
[login to view URL]
[login to view URL] Analytics
Nice to have:
[login to view URL]
[login to view URL]
The intended document should show a complete flow on solutions picked for these functional areas with current pricing and plans. The expectation is to have multiple solutions options with pros and cons, so we can decide based on our business plan
Please let me know for any more questions
Project ID: #37507245
About the project
188 freelancers are bidding on average $266 for this job
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A new anti-bullying law in the city of North Tonawanda would jail or fine parents if their children bully others. Courts in New York State have not yet tested the law, but it could have legal precedent. Constitutional attorney Paul Cambria spoke to WGRZ about the new law and why it could be upheld. The full story is available on the WGRZ website and by watching the video below.
Legal precedent
Mr. Cambria told WGRZ that North Tonawanda's new law may have legal precedent because of a similar law upheld in California. He explained that "the court found it to be valid because there was a level there of responsibility and knowledge on the part of the parents."
Burden of proof
According to WGRZ, the new law includes a clause that increases the defendant's burden of proof if children are accused of two violations in a 90-day-period. This clause, known as "rebuttal presumption" essentially creates a guilty-until-proven-innocent scenario wherein the defendant has to prove that they did not violate the law, rather than the plaintiff proving that the defendant did violate the law. "That is a fairly good clause to have in one of these statutes if you're trying to have them upheld," Mr. Cambria explained.
About Paul J. Cambria, Jr.
The chair of Lipsitz Green Scime Cambria's Criminal Defense Trials and Appeals Practice Area, Mr. Cambria advises clients on criminal trials, criminal appeals, constitutional and First Amendment law, zoning and land use, antitrust, and professional licensing defense. He divides his time between the firm's offices in Buffalo and Los Angeles.


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FIFA 21 Release Date Announced and New Features Outlined
Football enthusiasts across the globe are only just coming to terms with the full reality of the COVID-19 pandemic and the changes it has enforced upon the game. Empty stadiums are beginning to crown new champions and leagues across Europe are slowly beginning to wind down after staggered resumption with Europa and Champions League football awaiting resumption just around the corner.
However, in one realm of the game, it is business as usual as fans look for a virtual respite from these troubling times.
EA Sports have officially revealed a launch date and first look at the upcoming FIFA 21.
The latest edition of the widely-loved franchise is set to release on 9 October 2020. A trailer regarding the same was released on Thursday with more gameplay slated to be released in August.
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Enhances features outlined on EA's website this time around include "intelligent gameplay" via dynamic attacking systems as well as changes made to the career mode to provide the gamer "more control over your team's rise to the top."
As for the popular Ultimate Team game mode, players now have the ability to "co-op" with their friends, effectively teaming up together to garner more rewards. The VOLTA mode also received changes and update to create a more immersive street football experience.
PSG youngster Kylian Mbappe is the cover-star for all editions of the game and the trailer included players old and new as narrators, including the likes of Eric Cantona and Erling Haaland.
Speaking about the game, Aaron McHardy, Executive Producer EA SPORTS FIFA, remarked the following in an official press release: "This year, we are bringing fans together through social experiences that elevate both the small-sided experience and the excitement felt on the professional pitch, offering the most authentic and interactive EA SPORTS FIFA experience to date."
The date will certainly be marked in the calendars of many fans who will be eager to add this to their stay-at-home experience.


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There was outrage in certain quarters when a report in the Financial Times on October 8 said that a Vatican investment portfolio had purchased structured notes that included default swap exposure to Hertz, the car rental firm that filed for bankruptcy in May.
The Pope gave a speech on the same day that could be taken as criticism of the deal, which was among many unorthodox investments made under the supervision of a cardinal who has since been stripped of his duties.
"Financial speculation fundamentally aimed at quick profit continues to wreak havoc," Pope Francis told anti-money laundering experts from the Council of Europe who happened to be visiting the Vatican on the day the FT report was published, in one of the many odd twists in the story so far.
Observers were quick to point out that the Vatican had attacked the derivatives industry in 2018 in a document approved by the Pope.
That bulletin characterized over-the-counter trading as an "ethical void" and took particular aim at the "economic cannibalism" that can result from buying credit protection in the hope of engineering a default that will make a swap pay off.


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Numerous deconversions, rehabilitations and ground-up developments have brought an unprecedented number of luxury units to market in Chicago. There is a finite supply of people able and willing to pay such high rents, so are we close to depleting those reserves?
There are two primary factors—one macro and one local—playing into the increasing volume of luxury supply in Chicago. Following the Great Recession, the U.S. economy has been on a historic run, helping to recoup losses and then some. Closer to home, Chicago has enjoyed voluminous corporate relocations in that time as well, and all those high-earning employees need a place to live.
We're late in the cycle, however, and some economic indicators suggest that a plateau may be headed our way. Despite these factors, developers and brokers both seem to agree that even if the larger economy were to begin winding down, there are still multiple years' worth of momentum behind Chicago's luxury rental market.
"I am pretty confident—based on what has transpired and continues to transpire in terms of job growth and people moving into the core of the city—that the demand will be there for the best projects," said Tom Weeks, executive general manager, Chicago at Lendlease. "People were saying back in 2017 and 2018 that we were going to have a tremendous oversupply. Though all that supply did come on market, it got absorbed pretty well and that is a testament to the strength of the downtown core."
To the extent that there are any concerns, they are submarket to submarket. However, this apprehension is mild. River North witnessed plenty of new supply in 2017, for example, but concessions there have burned off now that the neighborhood has stabilized.
"Even with the high deliveries, we've seen very strong leasing at all of our existing properties in the Chicago market this year," said Lindsey Senn, senior vice president, Fifield Cos. "I think when you look forward into 2020 and 2021 the supply may taper off."
Fifield is developing the FitzGerald Associates Architects-designed 740 N. Aberdeen in the River West neighborhood, a community adjacent to sizzling communities like River North, Fulton Market and the Loop. According to Senn, the area is ideal for those who want a calm and quiet environment that is minutes from the culture, restaurants and nightlife of those nearby neighborhoods.
The relatively sleepy nature of River West is unlikely to change as it lies within one of the city's ARO pilot areas. Developers have expressed reluctance about adding new units in these locations because of the mandated affordable housing that they would have to include. As a result, River West could be starved for new product in several years.
Throughout the Luxury Living Chicago Realty portfolio, relocations have accounted for 30 percent of the traffic through the first six months of 2019. According to Aaron Galvin, the brokerage's CEO and co-founder, these are almost entirely due to companies like Google, Walgreens, Glassdoor and others transferring to or expanding within the CBD.
"The average income for our relocation clients is well over $100,000," said Galvin, "and people moving here for high-paying jobs is what is fueling this kind of apartment growth."
Galvin predicts that the West Loop is the next neighborhood that will see robust luxury apartment activity. The area, particularly in Fulton Market, has been a hotbed for office development and there are no indications that will slow down. As job relocation significantly drives housing, the market there for high-end rentals is ready to blow up.
Last year's rental deliveries and those slated by the end of 2019 are heavily concentrated in the South Loop. There is nothing in the neighborhood's pipeline after 2021, however, so any oversupply in that submarket should quickly stabilize.
"The Cooper, which we delivered in September, is leasing up tremendously well and is doing better than expected," said Weeks. "And we had high expectations."
"We achieved this tremendous rental lease up without having Southbank Park accessible because it's been under construction," Weeks continued. "I think once that park is open in the next couple of weeks, people are going to realize that this is a one-of-a-kind opportunity in the South Loop."
Residents that rent by choice do so with high demands: exceptional amenities. And the luxury product now coming online brings the goods.
Developed by Hines, Wolf Point East could rest on the laurels of its location alone—at the confluence of the river branches as well as the confluence of the hot River North, West Loop and Loop submarkets. But the amenities are certainly there, curated by Soucie Horner, Ltd., including indoor/outdoor pools, a south-facing terrace, a full-floor fitness club, private coworking lounge with conference rooms, outdoor dog run and more.
"The entire master development of Wolf Point is a thoughtful and skyline-shaping impact. Now that you add Wolf Point East to that I think that the combination of location, architecture and exquisite interiors, including the units and amenities, is really going to attract the best of the best when it comes to the rental market," said Galvin, whose firm is exclusively marketing and leasing Wolf Point East.
Lendlease and Magellan Development Group are co-developing two conjoined towers, Cirrus and Cascade, in the Lakeshore East master planned community. Also at a highly attractive location as they are going up literally where the river meets the lake, they too offer premium finishes and amenities. These include and indoor lap pool, children's playroom, fitness center, massage and steam rooms, game room, screening room and a nearly one-acre park that will provide pedestrian access to both waterfronts.
"It's a location that provides you the peace and tranquility of the Lakeshore East neighborhood itself, plus you have the dynamic amenities that are in the project as well as those you can get to by simply walking to the lakefront or the riverfront," said Weeks. "I think that and the proximity to the CBD are going to appeal to anybody in the rental market wanting the best possible experience."
Fifield's boutique 740 N. Aberdeen is attracting tenants with a focus on the interiors of the units like European-style, condo-quality finishes. However, it also has the large-scale amenities of a new high-rise building including a pool, sun deck with cabanas, coworking space and a penthouse party room which will have sweeping views of the city.
"You are within minutes of everything but you can go home and have a quieter evening without having rowdy people outside," said Senn. "We know that there are some residents who really prefer that."
From the outside, it may appear that far too many luxury housing options are coming online in Chicago. But the lessons of the Great Recession are still fresh, and multifamily developers have actually been fairly restrained.
"Right now, we're building the right kind of inventory, we're hitting the right neighborhoods and I think everyone is relatively realistic about the rent growth within their current submarket," said Galvin.
Looking at projections for deliveries into 2022, there are fewer planned units down the road than what Chicago has experienced in the recent past. In a year or two, barring considerable economic upheaval, the market might actually have an undersupply of luxury multifamily units.


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The term Pit Bull is a relatively non-descriptive one as it is not an officially recognized breed by the American Kennel Club, or AKC, standards. There is actually no dog that is a true "Pit Bull". Instead, when people use the word Pit Bull, they are typically referring to a particular subset of dogs that maintain physical and behavioral similarities. On Save A Bull I use the term Bully and Pit Bull interchangeably because they are both ways to describe these breeds that are within the Molosser family of dogs – a breed known for its courage and loyalty.
Pit Bull or Bully breed dogs typically include the following types of dogs(all the breed names are click-able and will redirect you to a breed description if you want more information) – American Pit Bull Terrier, Bullmastiff, Perro de Presa Canario, Cane Corso, Dogo Argentino, Alano Espanol, Japanese Tosa, Bull Terrier, Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog, American Bulldog, Boxer, Valley Bulldog, Olde English Bulldogge, and Banter Bulldogge Also included in the Molosser family of dogs are Great Danes, Rottweilers and Newfoundlands.
As you can see, there are at least 20 different breeds of dogs that are often considered to be Pit Bull. So I have to ask – if people can not tell these dogs apart from one another, why all of the hysteria about Pit Bull attacks? Pit Bull is not even really a breed, so how can we possibly ban a particular breed of dog when it does not truly exist? Yes, there is an American Pit Bull Terrier, and they are registered with the following organizations: North American Purebred Dog Registry, United Kennel Club, National Kennel Club, American Dog Breeders Association Inc., Continental Kennel Club, American Pit Bull Registry, American Pet Registry Inc., and the American Canine Registry. The problem with these organizations, unfortunately, is that for the most part they are just loosely formed clubs or corporations that ask owners to register their dogs with them so they can collect a fee. The American Kennel Club is the gold standard for breed definitions, and as you will notice, the American Pit Bull Terrier is not included within their registry because their characteristics are so vaguely defined.
There is a great resource on the web where you can test you skills and see if you can spot the American Pit Bull Terrier amongst these other breeds. This is a great site to show you visually just how much confusion exists when trying to define a dog as a Pit Bull. San Francisco has even gone so far as to force owners to fill out a checklist to determine whether or not their dog qualifies as a Pit Bull breed dog. You can see the form below (click to enlarge):
There are a lot of dogs, since they only have to meet 5 of the 8 criteria, that are going to qualify as Pit Bull dogs, including some outside of the Molosser or Bully family. An example of this can be seen with the Akita – they meet the qualifications for head, eyes, ears (theirs are held at full prick), neck, body, and hindquarters. What about Labrador Retrievers? They meet the criteria for eyes, neck, body, tail and hindquarters, but do we just ignore that because they have what some consider to be a "cute" face. Does their longer coat automatically exclude them from further examination?
The point I am trying to drive home here is this – you can not punish an entire grouping of dogs just because of the actions of a few. This situation becomes even more complicated with Pit Bulls because there are so many different dogs out there that people consider to be Pit Bulls. I do not mind the Pit Bull nomenclature being used when referring to dogs within this family, but just as no race of people has one defined personality, each of these dogs each have their own distinct personalities as well.
This is where responsible ownership comes into play. If you have a Boxer that is dog-aggressive DO NOT take him to the off-leash dog park to socialize him, instead be smart and organize short interactions with dogs you already know to help him be more comfortable – Craigslist can be a great resource for this.Always make sure your dogs are properly restrained when going into a public area, because even though you know your Am Staff just wants to follow the neighbor children around to try and get a lick of their ice cream cones, their parents do not know that, and they will take action if they feel threatened. We need to be sure to protect our dogs, and it is our duty as owners to be sure that they do not get into situations where they may get into trouble. The less incidents that happen out there, the more Pit Bulls and Bully breeds can start to fade from the limelight, and the closer we will get back to return their much-deserved reputation as loyal and loving family pets.


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Number 20: Sulley Muntari - 9 apps, 0 goals
I remember the day we signed Sulley Muntari and I was ecstatic; he really seemed like a shrewd piece of business. I remembered how good he was for Portsmouth, especially after winning the FA cup with them. Jose Mourinho put Muntari at the top of his wish list after he landed the Inter Milan job, and sure enough he left Pompey for around £14 million to join them.
The Ghanaian international even won the Champions League with Inter in 2010, coming on as a 79th minute substitute; therefore, I fully expected that Muntari would play well for us a with a view to a more permanent signing come season's end.
However, If there was ever a player that did not hit my expectations then it would have to be Sulley. I mean we signed a Champions League winner, and yet he only started 7 games for the lads. I presume at the time Asamoah Gyan had a lot of say in the transfer, and we did have John Mensah as well - both of whom were Ghanaian internationals.
Steve Bruce set the tone for expectations of Muntari by saying:
If you had said to me six months ago that we would be looking at Sulley Muntari, who had just won the Champions League, I would have said, 'not a chance'. This is an ideal opportunity to bring in a top-class midfield player who moved to Inter for about €17m. To bring him in now can only give the club a lift
Muntari himself added that:
I will just try to do my best to help Sunderland go further because they are doing well. I hope I can help the club go to Europe.
Muntari though flattered to deceive. He looked poor on the ball and lazy off it - as though he was not happy to be at Sunderland. We actually never won a game that he started, and he left the club with a poor record of 0 wins, 1 draw and 6 defeats. He did nearly manage to hit the net away at Bolton, a 2-1 victory, though it was credited as a Zat Knight own goal eventually.
Ultimately Muntari's time at Sunderland was a huge disappointment. The 5-0 away defeat at Manchester City optimised Muntari for me: lazy, inept and disinterested. There was a player in there somewhere, but he never wanted to show it at Sunderland.
That said, this list is purely subjective and when thinking of players that made under 25 appearances for the club, Muntari - in terms of quality and the trajectory of his career - probably needs to feature somewhere, even if it is way down the list.
Number 19: Paul McShane - 25 apps, 0 goals
The ginger warrior. Would put his head on anything. Never won a foot race. Always committed - maybe not good enough.
McShane signed from West Brom in the summer of 2007 and made his debut in a 1-0 victory over Spurs on the opening day. In my mind he looked a decent player, and a snip at £1.5 million. But as the season wore on, it became clear that McShane had some defensive deficiencies.
The 3-0 away defeat to Wigan showed more of McShane's true colours as he and Russell Anderson tried to concede the most penalties possible within a single game. McShane was also shoved into the lineup for the derby game at Newcastle after Jonny Evans pulled out injured, and decided that having to mark Michael Owen was not worth his time.
McShane was all about heart and hard work, but that is really it because he never quite displayed the characteristics of being a decent defender in the Premier League.
When you sign low-value players from Championship clubs you are taking a gamble that they can fit in and hit the ground running. McShane did manage to forge a semi-decent Premier League career at Hull; he has since played 74 Premier League games for the Tigers, achieving two promotions with them.
Number 18: Callum Davenport - 8 apps, 0 goals
I remember sitting with my friend after the culmination of the 2008-09 season and we both said 'We should sign this lad in the summer if we can.' Unfortunately Davenport's career was effectively ended in the August of 2009 after he was stabbed in the leg during a dispute at his home.
In his 8 games for Sunderland he showed that he was a decent enough Premier League defender - his crowning moment for the lads was his superb assist for Kenwyne Jones' goals away at Portsmouth; a game that we lost 3-1.
Callum played in 8 of the final 9 games of that 2008-09 campaign that saw us just survive relegation whilst our local neighbours Newcastle and Middlesbrough were consigned to the drop into the Championship.
That is not to say that we played terrifically well in those games. Sunderland fell over the survival line rather than pushing themselves over it. In fact that defence conceded 16 goals, lost 6 and won 1 - so not really that inspiring.
But still, I liked Davenport and he was a solid enough defender - certainly when compared to our other January addition that year, Tal Ben Haim.
Number 17: Paulo Da Silva - 24 apps, 0 goals
Ohhhhh Da Silva, Our defender, From Paraguay. He's the captain of his country and we signed him on a free, he's better than Rio and he's better than Terry. Ohhhhhhh Da Silva!
Yeah, I remember the Paulo Da Silva song. Occasionally it pops into my brain when I am showering, or when I am at work. It was catchy, and to be rather blunt it was probably the best thing about having him at the club.
Steve Bruce said upon signing the Paraguayan:
I'm delighted to have signed a player of Paulo's experience. He is captain of his country and has played at the highest level in South America, so will bring leadership qualities to our side.
And Paulo had a reasonably solid yet unspectacular first season at Sunderland. He was a free transfer, meaning expectations were not high, and he was not well known by the majority of the Sunderland fans.
Paulo's defining moment with us had to be him and John Mensah keeping a clean sheet against Arsenal in a 1-0 win at the Stadium of Light in November 2009. What a performance from both players; they headed everything, won every tackle and battled until the end. Paulo was fairly consistent and never let the team down when he played, yet he never quite got a run in the side. Bruce said that it was due to the defender never quite settling in Sunderland, but I believe it was more related to size and that Da Silva was not a fashionable player.
An accomplished international footballer, Da Silva left the club in January 2011 and has since continued his love affair with Mexican side Deportivo Toluca, where the supporters there consider him to be a legend.
Number 16: Anthony Reveillere - 17 apps, 0 goals
Reveillere - an experienced and versatile full-back - was a French international who earlier in his career played around 300 games for Lyon. And despite arriving on Wearside at the tail-end of his career, the defender is still largely viewed as somewhat that was a decent short-term acquisition by Sunderland.
Signed in 2014, the ex-Napoli man played 17 games for the lads and did not really let us down in any of them. In his debut at Crystal Palace, Reveillere gave a fantastic account of himself after having to switch to left back part-way through the game and was part of a team that ran out 3-1 winners.
Reveillere only really had one weakness and that was his age. Though he was fit and never out of position defensively, he wasn't able to contribute as much offensively as he would have perhaps liked to. Compare that with Patrick Van Aanholt on the other flank who was all attack and no defence - it was probably good to have a full back who offered our side balance and was focused on keeping goals out rather than putting them in.
Sunderland were all set to re-sign Reveillere for another season, with local media sources even reporting the deal was done. But for whatever reason it did not happen and he retired soon after.
It was a case of a player signing for us when well past his best, but regardless he was able to perform adequately and it showed us a glimpse of how good he must have been in his prime. Reveillere was a solid contributor.
Join us tomorrow as we take you from 15-11 - who makes the list?


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(more photos)
Location: The rooftop of the Helwig Recreation Center.
Values in tables as of: 04/14/21, 08:20:10.Values in plots as of timestamp in "Over the Past Day" graphs.
Sunrise: 06:11. Sunset: 19:32. Moon: Waxing 4% Full.
NPU Forecast Text: Increasing clouds with little temperature change. Precipitation possible within 24 to 48 hours.
See the past week/month/year page for graphs of this archival data.
Data frequency: Sub-hour archive records prior to 21 August 2009 are provided in 5-minute intervals. Beginning with 21 August 2009, sub-hour archive records are provided at 30-minute intervals.
Text and image presentations of data: You may see a mismatch between text and image presentations of the data (where both are available). If so, this is probably because your browser is using a cached version of the images. Pressing refresh should fix the problem.
Cumulative reports and archives: Because of some incorrect data (described below), cumulative values in both the reports and archives may be incorrect. This includes:
Bad data: While the list below is not exhaustive, data during the following periods, and all statistics calculating using that data, are known to be incorrect (local time in yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm format): All data prior to 2007-08-02 13:00: Station testing. 2009-05-27 00:10 to 2009-05-27 08:50: Bad archive files. 2009-06-16 21:25 to 2009-06-17 08:20: Bad archive files. 2009-06-21 04:00 to 2009-06-21 16:50: Bad archive files. 2009-06-21 16:00 to 2009-06-21 16:55: Bad archive files. 2009-07-20 01:50 to 2009-07-20 02:40: Bad archive files. 2009-08-19 19:00 to 2009-08-27 18:36: Problems with the data processing server. 2010-10-27 to 2010-12-06: The main unit battery was dying, and so there are large periods spread throughout which are filled with bad data. 2011-05 to 2012-04: The repeater transmitter battery was dying and the temperature and humidity sensors were failing, and so there are large periods spread throughout which are filled with bad data. 2012-05 to 2012-06-14: Replacement station was undergoing testing, and so all data are indoor values. 2012-10-24 13:31 to 2013-02-16 10:00: Problems with the computer that is processing the weather station's data. 2013-04-18 14:30 to 2013-04-19 10:30: Loss of signal. 2013-08-05 10:30 to 2013-08-09 10:00: Power outage and console down. Station changes that affect the archives: The first station operated until 14 June 2012. A replacement station was installed 14 June 2012. All yearly cumulative data for 2012 are incorrect because of the station change and the purge of a few months of 2012 data from the first station. Both the first and second stations are the same make and model.
Bad data: While the list below is not exhaustive, data during the following periods, and all statistics calculating using that data, are known to be incorrect (local time in yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm format):
Temperatures: The heat index/wind chill describe how hot and how cold it feels, taking into account wind, etc. The apparent temperature accounts for heat index and wind chill to give the temperature a person would perceive.
Wind: Wind direction is the direction from which the wind is blowing from.
Precipitation: The station has a rain gauge but not a snow gauge. That is, if it snows, the snow accumulates on the gauge and the liquid water equivalent of the snow is not recorded by the rain gauge until the snow melts (in contrast, for instance, to some snow gauges that have heaters to melt the snow). Thus, in winter, if the station records rainfall, you have to think for yourself, based upon the temperature and your own experience outside, whether this represents rain or melted snow.
Storm definition: A storm is defined as starting when the rain rate is greater than 0.05 in/hr. A storm is assumed to be finished when 12 hours have elapsed without any rainfall.
Our station is a Davis Instruments Wireless Vantage Pro2 Plus with 24-Hr Fan Aspirated Radiation Shield. The approximate coordinates for the station are 41.97 deg N, 87.71 deg W, and 617 ft above sea level.
For photos and more information related to this and other weather stations at North Park, please see the department's weather index page and this more detailed description of the Helwig station.
A virtual GNU/Linux server retrieves the data via the Internet using wview 5.21.7, a collection of open-source (GPL) programs that interface with the data logger and generate the HTML pages. New data is uploaded to this page, and the web page is automatically refreshed, every 5 minutes.


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- Research
- Open access
- Published:
Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic carotid plaques using parallel imaging and 3 T black-blood in vivo CMR
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 15, Article number: 44 (2013)
To determine if black-blood 3 T cardiovascular magnetic resonance (bb-CMR) can depict differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques in acute ischemic stroke patients.
In this prospective monocentric observational study 34 patients (24 males; 70 ±9.3 years) with symptomatic carotid disease defined as ischemic brain lesions in one internal carotid artery territory on diffusion weighted images underwent a carotid bb-CMR at 3 T with fat-saturated pre- and post-contrast T1w-, PDw-, T2w- and TOF images using surface coils and Parallel Imaging techniques (PAT factor = 2) within 10 days after symptom onset. All patients underwent extensive clinical workup (lab, brain MR, duplex sonography, 24-hour ECG, transesophageal echocardiography) to exclude other causes of ischemic stroke. Prevalence of American Heart Association lesion type VI (AHA-LT6), status of the fibrous cap, presence of hemorrhage/thrombus and area measurements of calcification, necrotic core and hemorrhage were determined in both carotid arteries in consensus by two reviewers who were blinded to clinical information. McNemar and Wilcoxon's signed rank tests were use for statistical comparison. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Symptomatic plaques showed a higher prevalence of AHA-LT6 (67.7% vs. 11.8%; p < 0.001; odds ratio = 12.5), ruptured fibrous caps (44.1% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.001; odds ratio = 15.0), juxtaluminal thrombus (26.5 vs. 0%; p < 0.01; odds ratio = 7.3) and intraplaque hemorrhage (58.6% vs. 11.8%; p = 0.01; odds ratio = 3.8). Necrotic core and hemorrhage areas were greater in symptomatic plaques (14.1 mm2 vs. 5.5 mm2 and 13.6 mm2 vs. 5.3 mm2; p < 0.01, respectively).
3 T bb-CMR is able to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid plaques, demonstrating the potential of bb-CMR to differentiate between stable and vulnerable lesions and ultimately to identify patients with low versus high risk for cardiovascular complications. Best predictors of the symptomatic side were a ruptured fibrous cap, AHA-LT 6, juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus, and intraplaque hemorrhage.
Atherosclerotic disease and its complications are the leading cause of death in the industrial world [1, 2]. Increasing effort has been put into advancing diagnostic and therapeutic options to better assess prognostic factors and to improve treatment of cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease. A crucial part in reducing the mortality of patients suffering from atherosclerotic disease is an early reliable diagnosis and a prognostic risk assessment regarding cardiovascular incidents like infarction of heart muscle or brain tissue. Recent investigations have led to the hypothesis that composition and morphology of atherosclerotic plaques are good predictors for risk of cardiovascular incidents, rather than vascular stenosis alone [3–7].
A wide range of diagnostic methods like ultrasound, CT angiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) are currently in use to detect and characterize atherosclerotic plaques. Among these, plaque CMR is one of the most promising techniques. It is non-invasive and - with 3 T scanners becoming widely available - delivers excellent high resolution plaque images. More specifically, plaque morphology and components can reliably be identified and quantified, with excellent correlation to histopathology [3, 8–14].
In vivo CMR plaque characterization at high detail has become a tool to investigate the relationship of certain plaque features with clinical symptoms. An increasing number of studies have addressed this issue, hypothesizing that certain plaque features like intraplaque hemorrhage, rupture of the fibrous cap, ulceration of plaque surface and formation of thrombi at the plaque surface are associated with cerebrovascular incidents [10, 15–18].
However, most of these studies, except the study by De Marco Ota et al. 2010, were performed at 1.5 T MR scanners, scan times were relatively long (up to 45 minutes) and the number of excluded subjects was up to 32.5% [17–19], impeding its use in routine clinical studies. Furthermore, the time interval between symptom onset and CMR examination in most studies with up to 3 months was relatively long [15, 17] and results have to be interpreted with caution, as plaque composition might have changed during this time. In addition, definition of symptomatic carotid disease varied wildly, e.g. many studies did not use brain MR to confirm ischemic events and TIA patients and patients with amaurosis fugax were also included.
The purpose of this prospective monocentric observational study was to determine if high-resolution 3 T magnetic resonance imaging with parallel imaging techniques can depict differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques in acutely symptomatic macroangiopathic ischemic stroke patients referred from our interdisciplinary stroke center.
This study was in accordance with local regulatory legislation and approved by the institutional review board. All subjects gave written informed consent before CMR. The methods used in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the Declarations of Helsinki.
36 consecutive patients from the stroke unit of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital in Munich with unilateral acute symptomatic carotid disease were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were an ischemic stroke in the territory of the anterior or middle cerebral artery <10 days before black-blood carotid CMR and ≥30% carotid stenosis as determined by ultrasound according to the NASCET criteria [20]. Ischemic stroke was defined as an acute lesion on diffusion weighted brain MR images (DWI) and corresponding acute neurological deficit of more than 24 hours duration. The symptomatic artery was defined as being ipsilateral to the DWI lesion. Exclusion criteria were bilateral infarcts on brain MR, known contraindications against CMR, allergy to contrast material, impaired renal function defined as a glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min, previous radiation therapy to head or neck and a surgical procedure within 24 h before black-blood carotid CMR.
All patients were subjected to the following investigations: laboratory analysis (including electrolytes, differential blood count, coagulation studies, and C-reactive protein), 12-lead electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, transthoracic echocardiography and/or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), duplex sonography of the extracranial vessels, transcranial Doppler sonography, carotid black-blood CMR and brain MR (including DWI sequences). The aortic arch was evaluated for the presence of atherosclerotic plaques by using TEE; in addition, CT angiography (including the aortic arch) was available in the majority of patients. Additional tests (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid analysis, conventional angiography, screening for prothrombotic conditions) were performed if clinically indicated. Based on the results, patients were grouped according to the TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification [21]. According to the TOAST classification, ischemic strokes of 24 patients with ≥50% stenosis were categorized into subtype I (large artery atherosclerosis) and 8 patients with ≥30% but <50% stenosis were categorized into subtype V (stroke of undetermined etiology). Demographics and cardiovascular risk factors like body mass index (BMI), present or past nicotine abuse, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) as well as family history of CHD were recorded.
MR imaging protocol
All subjects underwent a carotid black-blood high resolution CMR at 3 T on a Siemens Verio Scanner (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated surface coils (Machnet, Elde, Netherlands) and a previously published multi-sequence protocol [22] (time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF), axial fat suppressed pre- and post- contrast black-blood T1-, PD- and T2- weighted sequences; best in-plane resolution 0.5 × 0.5 mm2). Each scan covered 30 mm (2 mm slice thickness × 15 matched images across the 5 sequences). This coverage is usually sufficient to image the complete carotid atherosclerotic plaque [23]. Parallel imaging based on the generalized auto calibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) algorithm was used for all sequences with a parallel acquisition technique (PAT) acceleration factor of 2. Total imaging time was 17:43 minutes. Gadobutrol (Gadovist®, Bayer Schering, Leverkusen, Germany) of 0.1 mmol/kg (0.1 ml/kg) was given at a rate of 3 mL/s. Post-contrast T1w imaging was performed approximately 5 minutes after intravenous injection of the contrast agent.
Image analysis
An image-quality rating (4-point scale, 1 = non diagnostic, 2 = poor, 3 = good, 4 = excellent) was assigned to all MR images. MR data was reviewed by two experienced radiologists with 11 (T.S.) and 4 years (J.M.G.) experience in carotid CMR who were blinded to the brain MR and to all clinical information of the patient. The initial review was done by J.M.G. and the final review by T.S. who was aware of the assessment of the initial review. In case of discrepancy, a consensus decision was made. Examinations with an image quality ≤ 2 were excluded from the study.
Atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries (on both the ipsilateral and contralateral side) were recorded and classified according to the modified criteria of the American Heart Association [24]. Tissue components (necrotic core, calcification, hemorrhage, loose matrix) and type and location of hemorrhage were identified and quantified based on previously published criteria [3, 8, 25, 26]. For definition of a complicated AHA-LT6 plaque, at least one of the following three criteria was required: Fibrous cap rupture, intraplaque hemorrhage, juxtaluminal hemorrhage/mural thrombus. Area measurements of the lumen, outer wall, and tissue components were obtained using the custom-designed image analysis tool CASCADE (University of Washington, Seattle, US) [27]. The "total vessel area" included the lumen and wall areas. The wall area for each location was calculated as the difference between the total vessel and lumen areas. The normalized wall index (NWI) was calculated by dividing the wall area by the total vessel area.
Statistical analysis
Each patient contributed only one set of observations (one study of the symptomatic artery, one study of the asymptomatic arteries) to the data set for analysis. Area measurements for each artery were calculated as the minimum and maximum areas for each artery separately. Categorical variables are presented as relative and absolute frequencies, while continuous variables are presented as mean and standard deviation. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to test differences for continuous variables, and the McNemar test was used to determine differences between categorical variables. We also derived the relative risk (odds ratio, OR) associated with AHA-LT6, intraplaque hemorrhage, juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus, and a ruptured fibrous cap as determined by CMR for the presence of symptoms using conditional logistic regression analysis taking into account the clustered data structure per subject. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were carried out using SPSS 16.0 for Windows (International Business Machines Corp., New York, USA) and SAS 9.2 (Cary, NC).
Image quality
In 34 out of 36 patients (94.4%) image quality of CMR examinations was sufficient (≥ 2) to be included in the study with a mean image quality rating of 3.8. All data in this evaluation is based on these 34 patients. Two patients had to be excluded due to severe motion artifacts.
Demographics and clinical data
Clinical data of the 34 included patients are displayed in Table 1. An overview of the imaging results is given in Table 2, ORs with 95% confidence intervals are summarized in Table 3. An imaging example is given in Figure 1.
Prevalence of plaque features ipsilateral and contralateral to ischemic stroke
In the qualitative analysis, symptomatic plaques had a higher prevalence of AHA-LT6 compared to asymptomatic plaques (67.6% vs. 11.8%; p < 0.001; OR = 12.5), while in asymptomatic plaques AHA-LT3 and 7 were more frequent (14.7% vs. 0% and 20.6% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.05, respectively) [Figure 2]. A ruptured fibrous cap was found more frequently in the symptomatic than in the asymptomatic group (44.1% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.001; OR = 15.0). Prevalence of haemorrhage (intraplaque haemorrhage and juxtaluminal haemorrhage/thrombus combined) was significantly higher in the symptomatic group (67.7% vs. 11.8%; p < 0.001). Several patients had a combination of intraplaque hemorrhage and juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus. More specifically, prevalence of intraplaque hemorrhage was 58.6% in the symptomatic group and 11.8% in the asymptomatic group (p < 0.01; OR = 3.8). Juxtaluminal hemorrhage
and/or thrombus was detected significantly more frequently in the symptomatic group (26.5% vs. 0%; p < 0.01; OR = 7.3).
Plaques showed a necrotic core more frequently in the symptomatic than in the asymptomatic group (94.1% vs. 55.8%; p < 0.001). In contrast, prevalence of intraplaque calcification was not significantly different between the
symptomatic and asymptomatic group (52.9% vs. 55.8%; p = 0.81).
Quantitative plaque characteristics ipsilateral and contralateral to ischemic stroke
In the quantitative analysis [Figure 3], maximum necrotic core and intraplaque hemorrhage area were greater in symptomatic than in asymptomatic plaques (14.1 mm2 vs. 5.5 mm2 and 8.0 mm2 vs. 1.3 mm2; p < 0.01, respectively), while mean vessel and lumen areas did not significantly differ between both groups. Mean wall area was greater in the symptomatic group (43.0 vs. 35.9 mm2; p = 0.04).
Effect of the TOAST classification and demographics on qualitative and quantitative plaque characteristics
No significant differences in the prevalence of complicated plaques was found between the 8 patients with
30-49% stenosis (classified as stroke with undetermined etiology according to TOAST) and the 24 patients with ≥50% stenosis (50% vs. 71%, p = 0.4). No other significant differences were found.
Findings of our study demonstrated that 3 T high resolution in vivo CMR using parallel imaging and dedicated surface coils is a reliable, fast and robust technique, which allows to non-invasively depict significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid plaques in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
In our study we aimed to eliminate limitations of previous examinations and to determine if high-resolution 3 T magnetic resonance imaging using Parallel Imaging techniques can depict differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Existing studies, for example, were mainly performed on 1.5 T CMR scanners [17–19] and no Parallel Imaging techniques were used [15, 17–19, 28]. While in most studies the number of excluded subjects was relatively large with 15% [17], 19% [18, 28] and 32.5% [19], only 5.6% (2 out of 34) of our patients had to be excluded due to insufficient image quality in our study. A 3 T-CMR study of Demarco et al. [15] excluded 7.2% of patients, but included only 13 symptomatic patients and was not correlated with diffusion weighted MR. Also, the interval between symptom onset and CMR was longer in some studies with up to eight weeks [28] or up to four months
[15, 17]. This is the first study to examine a relevant number of patients suffering from acute unilateral ischemic stroke using high resolution 3 T in vivo plaque imaging with Parallel Imaging techniques and dedicated surface coils. The MR imaging protocol used in our study as described by Saam et al. [22] took only 17:43 minutes and was thus considerably shorter than some of the protocols used in other studies with around 22 minutes reported by Demarco et al. [15] and approximately 40 minutes in the study by Boussels [19]. The shorter acquisition time in combination with the higher field strength might be the main reason for the relatively low exclusion rate observed in our study. One potential advantage of our imaging platform which was not explored in our study is the potential to perform the brain MR and the carotid CMR in the same imaging session without the necessity to change the coils. This approach could help to establish carotid plaque CMR as a useful clinical tool in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
High resolution in vivo 3 T black blood CMR using dedicated surface coils and Parallel Imaging techniques can depict differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques and thus differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions as suggested by previous studies. The most potent single predictor for the symptomatic side in our study was a ruptured fibrous cap with an OR of 15.0 (95% CI = 2.0 – 113.6). An AHA lesion type VI and juxtaluminal thrombus were slightly inferior predictors with ORs of 12.5 (95% CI = 3.0 – 52.8) and 7.3 (95% CI = 2.2 – 24.5), respectively, while intraplaque hemorrhage had the lowest OR (3.75; 95% CI = 1.2–11.3). Therefore, it seems to be important to apply MR sequences, which can detect a rupture of the fibrous cap as well as intraplaque hemorrhage and juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus in order to assess plaque vulnerability. Findings of our study are consistent with a study by Parmar et al. [18], which included 78 patients with 40 TIAs/strokes.
Demarco et al. [15] recently published a study at 3 T with 13 symptomatic and 77 asymptomatic subjects. The plaque features that showed the highest association with symptoms differed between subjects with moderate and severe stenosis. In patients with severe carotid stenosis ulceration on MRA demonstrated the strongest association with symptoms with an OR of 10.5, while in patients with moderate stenosis presence of intraplaque hemorrhage showed the strongest association with symptoms with an OR of 6.0. Interestingly, intraplaque hemorrhage was not significantly associated with symptoms in patients with severe carotid stenosis (OR = 1.3).
In our study we found a slightly higher prevalence of AHA lesion Type VI in plaques with carotid stenosis ≥50% compared to plaques with 30-49% stenosis. Findings of a previously published study with 192 patients showed an increasing prevalence of AHA lesion type VI with increasing degree of stenosis in asymptomatic subjects [29]. While our results point in the same direction, they do not fully confirm these findings, which may be attributed to the smaller number of patients in our study. We did not find a higher prevalence of AHA lesion type VI in male compared to female patients. This was proposed in a previous report by Ota et al. (Stroke 2010) with 131 asymptomatic patients (men, 67; women, 64) with ≥50% carotid stenosis on duplex ultrasound showing a higher prevalence of a ruptured fibrous cap (48% versus 17%, adjusted OR = 4.41, p < 0.01) and lipid-rich necrotic core (73% versus 50%, adjusted OR = 3.66, p = 0.01) in men as well as a trend for higher prevalence of hemorrhage (33% versus, 17%, adjusted OR = 2.15, p = 0.07) in men. However, this study included only asymptomatic patients and our study suggests that these findings cannot be applied in symptomatic populations.
Although we found highly significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques, there was a significant overlap of some of these plaque features between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques, suggesting that a complete separation of symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects is not feasible using a single CMR variable. This limitation might be overcome by using a scoring system based on a number of variables, such as previously proposed by Gury-Paquet et al.[28]or Underhill et al. [29].
Our results confirm that 3 T high resolution in vivo CMR using parallel imaging and dedicated surface coils is a potent and fast tool in the assessment of carotid atherosclerotic disease and could be easily implemented into the clinical routine with a scan time of <25 minutes. The imaging procedure is robust, yielding an image quality that is sufficient for detailed plaque assessment in the vast majority of cases. In our study, a ruptured fibrous cap was the dominant outcome-associated observation achieving significance with an OR of 15.0. Prevalence of a complicated AHA lesion type VI, which is characterized by hemorrhage, thrombus or a ruptured fibrous cap, was a comparably potent predictor for the symptomatic side with an OR of 12.5. In the future, prospective studies will have to determine the predictive value of AHA lesion type VI in general and a ruptured fibrous cap in particular on cerebrovascular symptoms. One currently on-going study started in February 2011 is the CAPIAS trial (Carotid Plaque Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01284933), which evaluates the prevalence and effects of AHA lesion type VI in patients with acute ischemic stroke and <70% stenosis. Findings of the CAPIAS study will provide valuable insights into stroke mechanisms and could be the basis for planning targeted interventional studies, which could focus on a combination of plaque morphology and the degree of luminal stenosis.
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JMG participated in data acquisition, statistical evaluation, drafted and revised the manuscript. AS participated in patient and data acquisition and revision of the manuscript. CF participated in designing the study and evaluating the data. FB participated in evaluating and interpreting the data. CCC participated in patient and data acquisition. CY participated in evaluating the data and revising the manuscript. CF participated in evaluating the data. MD participated in designing the study, evaluating the data and revising the manuscript. MFR participated in designing the study and revising the manuscript. KN participated in designing the study and revising the manuscript. TS participated in designing the study, acquiring and evaluating the data, and revising the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Grimm, J.M., Schindler, A., Freilinger, T. et al. Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic carotid plaques using parallel imaging and 3 T black-blood in vivo CMR. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 15, 44 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-44
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-44


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Message from Director Michel Patry
HEC Montréal is shocked by the attack on the Quebec City mosque
January 30, 2017
The entire HEC Montréal community is saddened and shocked by the attack on the mosque in Quebec City on Sunday evening. Our thoughts are with the victims and their families and friends, and we offer them our most sincere condolences.
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