text:
Google already revealed that its devices shipments doubled in 2017 in comparison to 2016. However, the Alphabet owned company choose to not disclose any specific details about its sales number.
Thankfully, the analysts on IDC aren't ready to rest and already collected a very precise estimative pointing the Pixels results. According to Francisco Jeronimo – IDC's Research Director, Google shipped 3,9 million Pixels during 2017. The analyst confirms that Google's statement was true, and these numbers represent the double of the results achieved during 2016.
While this can be considered an expressive result, Google is way far from being anywhere near a market leader in this regard. Apparently, the company isn't really interested in distributing its own devices worldwide, and constantly ignore some countries were the smartphones sales are hot. That being said, we can state that the company isn't really interested in breaking records in the smartphone segment, but in delivering an idealistic smartphone and Android experience.
Gizchina News of the week
If you're going to compare Google's Pixels shipments with the Essential Phone numbers, things will seem pretty huge. IDC also reports that Andy's Rubin smartphone only managed to reach a peak of 88,000 devices being shipped across the world in 2017. That's nothing to be celebrated of course, but considering that Essential is just a startup and the PH-1 was its first product we couldn't expect any records being broken.
We hope that Andy and its troupe manage to fill all the gaps that made the Essential Phone a flop. Otherwise, the company will not be around for the coming years.


text:
39 year old quarterback Tom Brady masterminded The New England Patriots to their fifth Super Bowl in dramatic style with a 25 point comeback.
With the team trailing by 28 – 3 coming to the end of the 3rd quarter there looked like little could be done to stop the Atlanta Falcons getting their hands on the Vince Lombardi trophy.
Arguably the games greatest player of all time Brady was having none of it.
WHAT A GAME! #SB51 #PATRIOTS https://t.co/nZzQJGWRmC
— NFL (@NFL) February 6, 2017
Instrumental from behind the line of scrummage the QB threw for 466 yards completing 43 of 62 passes including two touchdown throws.
The game went into overtime when NE clawed back to 28 – 28 with seconds left in the fourth quarter.
It took the Patriots eight plays in overtime to get the ball into the hands of James White and he smashed through the defense to record a stunning comeback victory.
Brady took the snap, popped it to White and the running back couldn't be stopped by four defenders as he stretched into the end zone to claim the victory.
Tom Brady's fifth championship ring makes him the oldest QB to win the Vince Lombardi and in doing so denied the Falcons their first Super Bowl.
Coach Bill Belichick joins Brady with a record fifth title and is now one Super Bowl ahead of rival coach Chuck Noll.
Following the victory Belichick payed tribute to his star man;
'Tom's had a lot of great ones, but yeah, tonight was one of them.'
Brady, who started the season with a four game suspension said 'It's hard to imagine us winning.'
'It took a lot of great plays, and that's why you play to the end.'
'At halftime, we weren't down (mentally) at all,' said Brady. 'We were disappointed in the way we played and knew that we could go out and do a lot better in the second half.'

subset: commoncrawl


text:
- Research article
- Open access
- Published:
Impact of sunflower seed oil versus mustard seed oil on skin barrier function in newborns: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial
BMC Pediatrics volume 19, Article number: 512 (2019)
Natural vegetable oils are widely used for newborn massage in many low resource settings. Animal models indicated that sunflower seed oil (SSO) can accelerate skin barrier recovery following damage, while other oils, including mustard oil (MO), may cause further skin barrier damage. The objective was to compare the effects of two SSO and MO used for routine massage on skin integrity in premature and full-term neonates.
This community-based cluster randomized controlled trial included 995 neonates assigned to full body massage with sunflower seed oil (SSO, intervention) or mustard seed oil (MO, standard practice) from July 2012–May 2014 in Sarlahi, Nepal. Skin integrity measures were evaluated over 28 days, including skin condition (erythema, rash, dryness), skin surface pH, stratum corneum (SC) cohesion/protein concentration, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Overall means and rates of change in these skin measures were compared between oil groups using bivariate random-effects models.
500 and 495 live born neonates received repeated massage with MO and SSO, respectively. Skin pH decreased more quickly for SSO than MO in the first week of life, with a difference in mean daily reductions of 0.02 (95% CI: 0.002–0.040). Erythema, rash and dryness increased (worsened) over days 1–14 then decreased by day 28, with no significant oil group differences. TEWL increased over time, with no significant oil group differences. Gestational age did not modify the effect; the slightly faster decrease in skin pH among SSO infants was similar in magnitude between term and preterm infants.
Oil type may contribute to differences in skin integrity when neonates are massaged regularly. The more rapid acid mantle development observed for SSO may be protective for neonates in lower resource settings.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01177111); registered August 6th, 2010.
Neonatal stratum corneum (SC) and epidermis provide robust innate immunity in addition to antimicrobial defense, protection from ultraviolet radiation, water loss, injury, and thermoregulation [1, 2]. The premature infant skin barrier is underdeveloped, thereby creating risks for increased permeability, skin damage, delayed barrier maturation, and infection [3, 4]. In low resource settings, where the majority of neonatal deaths occur [5, 6], skin care based interventions have emerged as important strategies in improving survival, especially among low birth weight babies and those born preterm. In particular, given widespread use of natural vegetable oils for newborn massage in many low resource settings, interest in emollient therapy remains high. Animal models have shown that sunflower seed oil (SSO) can accelerate skin barrier recovery following damage, while other oils, including mustard oil (MO), cause further barrier damage [7]. The lipid profile of SSO may enhance skin barrier integrity and function by providing 1) a physical barrier to infectious agents, 2) essential SC fatty acids and 3) linoleic acid that may reduce epidermal inflammation [7]. Hospital-based studies have demonstrated improved skin condition scores, reductions in nosocomial infections, and improved survival among preterm infants receiving applications of SSO [8, 9]. Such results provided strong rationale for evaluating this intervention in a community setting, such as Nepal, where almost half of deliveries occur at home [10]. Newborns in Nepal are routinely massaged with MO several times daily throughout the neonatal period and beyond [11]. The vigorous, lengthy massages might increase transcutaneous acquisition of invasive environmental pathogens, particularly among preterm infants whose skin barrier is underdeveloped and fragile [12]. Compromised barrier function occurs with nutritional deficiencies that are common to the region [13]. We previously described skin barrier function and integrity indicators among preterm and full term infants massaged routinely with MO in rural communities of Sarlahi District, Nepal [14]. We observed that skin rash and erythema increased (worsened) until day 14 then decreased by day 28. Dynamics of skin pH reduction over 28 days for all infants reflected skin barrier maturation, but this process was delayed among preterm infants. Here we quantify differences in skin barrier integrity and maturation between newborns randomly assigned to routine massage with MO or SSO over the first postnatal month.
Setting and parent trial
Our cluster-randomized study was nested within a larger trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01177111) of the impact of topical skin emollient application on newborn mortality and morbidity in Sarlahi District, Nepal. In that parent trial, field workers identified incident pregnancies through universal five-weekly home visits, enrolled pregnant women, and followed them through delivery and the first month post-partum. Visits at enrollment and during monthly pregnancy visits allowed for collection of household socioeconomic status, paternal and maternal demographic variables, prior birth history, and care-seeking and morbidity during pregnancy. Post-delivery home visits started as soon as possible (i.e. day 1), and continued on days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28. On day 1, data collectors recorded the circumstances of labor, delivery, and immediate postpartum care, inquired about infant health since delivery, and measured weight (BD-585 Pediatric Scale [10 g precision], Tanita Corporation of America, Arlington Heights, IL). At subsequent visits workers collected maternal reports of infant morbidities and examined babies for signs of infection.
Intervention and randomization
Communities in the larger trial were randomized to either promotion of full-body topical applications ("newborn massage") with SSO (intervention) or the MO (comparison), traditionally practiced in Nepal almost universally [11]. The study area encompassed 34 village development committees (VDC, a government defined unit), further divided by our team into "clusters" (unit of randomization) based on population. For clusters with prior neonatal death data, restricted randomization was performed to ensure balance on mortality risk. The remaining clusters were randomized with a computerized quasi-random number generator by author LCM prior to trial initiation. Blinding of field workers and mothers was not possible given the distinct colors and smells of MO and SSO. Both oils were purchased (Shiv Shakti Ghee Udyhog Pvt. Ltd., Jitpur, Nepal) approximately every 4–6 weeks and stored in sealed half-liter plastic packets at room temperature at site headquarters. Samples were submitted to the Government of Nepal Food Inspection Laboratory (Hetauda, Makwanpur District, Nepal) for quality assurance. In late pregnancy (~ 28–32 weeks), field workers visited enrolled women to promote the use of either SSO or MO and provide a 100 ml bottle of oil with instruction to initiate full body massage using the provided oil as soon as possible after birth. During week one, field workers visited daily to promote oil use and resupply households with 500 ml bottles on days 1, 10, and 21.
Design of Current Study
Our study was nested within the larger trial, as previously described [14]. A subset of newborns based on geographic area, gestational age (GA) and timing of the first postnatal visit were enrolled on day 1. We chose a subset of 9 VDCs close to our main field office to maintain a cold chain for specimens. All preterm and a randomly selected 20% sample of term infants born alive between July 2012 and May 2014, and met by field workers before age 48 h were eligible. This down-sampling of term infants was to achieve a ratio of term/preterm infants closer to unity, increasing power to explore if GA modified the relationship between oil choice and skin integrity.
Measurement methods
After obtaining informed consent from mothers for infant participation, a specialized field worker team collected data on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 [14]. They used validated scoring scales for erythema, rash and dryness to assess skin condition at the chest, right arm, and left leg (Additional file 1: Table S1) [15, 16]. After four training days, field workers' scores from photographs were compared to an expert (author MOV) with a kappa of 0.88. During implementation, their scores were periodically compared to an investigator (author AS) with an agreement of 95%. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL, g/m2/h), relative humidity and temperature were measured using a closed chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) [17]. Three chest skin pH measurements (Skincheck, Hanna Instruments, Bedfordshire, UK) were averaged. Chest SC cohesion was determined as protein concentration from 380 mm2 D-Squame discs (CuDerm, Dallas, TX, USA). Protein concentration was quantified as optical density (SquameScan 850A (Heiland electronic, Wetzlar, Germany) [18].
Statistical analysis
We aimed to enroll 1000 infants equally stratified by preterm (< 37 weeks) and full term to detect differences in skin scores, skin pH, TEWL, and protein concentrations of 0.5 with 71–100% power for standard deviations of 1.0–2.5. Analyses were conducted using Stata v15 (College Station, TX). Biologically implausible outliers (TEWL > 100 g/m2/hr. and skin pH > 8 and < 3) were removed as being due to a confounding biological process (e.g. perspiration rather than TEWL) [14].
Maternal, paternal, and newborn characteristics (sex, GA, birthweight, small for gestational age status, time to breastfeeding initiation, time between the first visit and the most recent massage, and the number of massages per day during the first week) were examined by group to assess randomization balance. Visit-specific ambient temperature and relative humidity were converted to heat index [19, 20]. Means and standard deviations of all skin measures per visit were compared between oil groups using bivariate random-effects models, accounting for clustering and repeated measures. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing curves were created to show the changes of skin barrier integrity measures over time for each oil group. We conducted sub-group analyses stratified by GA (full-term ≥37 weeks, late preterm 34–36 weeks, early preterm < 34 weeks). Analyses followed an intention-to-treat approach for participating infants, regardless of the actual allocation to, provision of, or compliance with study-provided oils. Infants who missed visits were not included in the analyses for that visit, but were included in analyses if met on future visits.
Ethical approval
The Ethical Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University (Kathmandu, Nepal) and the Institutional Review Board of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baltimore, MD) approved the study. Mothers provided verbal consent for their infant's participation.
Between July 23rd 2012 and May 18th, 2014, 702 (a 20% random sub-sample of 3511) full term and 551 preterm live born infants were potentially eligible (Fig. 1). Of these, 253 (20.2%) were not visited before age 48 h and 5 (0.4%) died prior to the field worker's arrival. Among the 1000 thus recruited, 5 (0.4%) mothers declined their infant's participation, leaving 995 participating infants (500 and 495 in the MO and SSO groups, respectively). Three hundred ninety-four (78.8%) and 395 (79.8%) infants (MO and SSO groups, respectively) completed the 28-day follow-up. For SSO and MO, 11 (2.2%) and 10 (2.0%) infants died and 67 (13.5%) and 74 (14.8%) moved out of the study area prior to age 28 days, respectively.
Household, maternal and newborn characteristics were well-balanced (Table 1) between oil groups, with similar proportions of males and females, preterm and term babies, low birthweight, and small-for-gestational age (SGA) in each group. The prevalence of low birthweight and SGA infants was 36.4 and 45.6%, respectively, and comparable to the general Nepali population [21]. The proportion of preterm infants was slightly higher for MO (40.9%) versus SSO (39.7%). Massage frequencies during week one were similar (4.6 and 4.2 per day for MO and SSO, respectively). Compliance with oil application and massage was 100%. Compliance was measured if the infant had been massaged with the correct oil for the intervention group they were assigned. Relative humidity was over 80% (mean 75.1% ± 13.2%, range 10% (n = 3) to 100% (n = 5)) for 45.6% of 2301 home visits. Mean temperature and heat index were 30.0 °C (±4.5) and 33.6 °C (±9.0), respectively. There were no differences in skin infections by oil group.
Skin condition scores
At the initial visit, skin erythema, rash, and dryness scores did not differ between by group (Table 2) and followed a similar dynamic for both MO and SSO over the first 28 days). For both oils, scores increased (worsened) over days 1–14 followed by some improvement by day 28 (Fig. 2, chest). Rash was not present at birth, increased rapidly to day 14, then decreased. Erythema was seen at birth (day 1), increased to day 14 then decreased. Very little dryness was observed. Scores were comparable for chest, arm and leg sites and trends were similar by gestational age.
Skin pH, SC cohesion, and TEWL
At day 1, skin pH (6.1, 95% CI 6.05–6.14 [MO]; 6.2, 95% CI 6.15–6.28 [SSO]) and protein concentration (16.6 μg/cm2, 95% CI 15.9–17.3 [MO]; 17.8 μg/cm2, 95% CI 17.1–18.6 [SSO]) were significantly higher in the SSO group (Table 2); TEWL did not differ by group at baseline. The baseline differences in pH and protein concentration may be attributable to variances in environmental conditions on that day, time from birth, or dissimilarities in GA distribution. Treatment assignment could not practically include baseline values for stratification.
Mean pH decreased faster (i.e., maturation), 0.02 (95% CI 0.002–0.04) units per day more quickly, for SSO versus MO during the first week of life; there was not a significant difference in rate of decrease of pH in weeks 2–4 (Fig. 3). SC protein was higher for SSO at day 28 (i.e. versus day 14) and was significantly higher than MO [13.5 μg/cm2, 95% CI 12.8–14.1 (MO); 14.8 μg/cm2 95% CI 14.1–15.4 (SSO)] (Table 2). TEWL increased significantly over time for both oils but did not differ between them (Fig. 3).
Effect of oil treatment by gestational age group (Table 3)
Infants 34–36 weeks receiving SSO had a 0.14 (95% CI 0.024–0.25) higher average skin pH over 28 days than those with MO, but the rate of decrease in pH (i.e. maturation), which was higher in SSO infants overall, was not modified by gestational age. Infants 34–36 weeks and term infants receiving SSO had higher SC protein compared with MO; mean difference (i.e. increase in SSO group) was 1.27 μg/cm2 [95% CI: 0.33–2.21]) and 0.83 μg/cm2 (0.16–1.50) higher for SSO versus MO, respectively. Skin erythema, rash and TEWL did not differ by gestational age.
We compared the effects of emollient therapy with MO and SSO on neonatal skin barrier integrity in community settings of rural Nepal. Unlike prior work in this domain, we included both preterm and full-term infants, enrolled infants from birth and followed them prospectively through 28 days, and observed the impact of these emollients on skin barrier function and integrity at home in high relative humidity and temperature conditions. The emollient therapy involved consistent repetitive, daily, high frequency oil exposure with 4.2 (SSO) and 4.6 (MO) vigorous massages each day. This is in contrast to the hospital studies where SSO was applied 3 times daily for 14 days then twice daily until day 28 [9, 22].
Relative to traditional MO, use of SSO increased the rate of skin pH reduction during week one of life, suggesting a faster acid mantle development. The more rapid pH decrease for SSO may be protective for neonates in lower resource settings. An acidic environment is required for lipid metabolism, bilayer structure formation, desquamation, bacterial homeostasis, skin colonization, and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria [23,24,25,26,27]. The more rapid pH decrease with SSO, suggests that the pH decrease may favorably impact barrier normalization [28]. The influence of exogenous materials on adaptive mechanisms has been reported; treatment with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activators increased the rate of skin pH lowering in neonatal animals [29]. Topical acidic treatments has been proposed for treating inflammation and normalizing SC structure [30].
For both groups, TEWL was higher (mean, 33.2–43.0 g/m2/hr) than in prior studies, with increasing water losses through the first three weeks. TEWL has largely been examined in controlled settings [31,32,33,34] with substantially lower humidity and temperature than our setting. Our higher, increasing TEWL may reflect eccrine gland maturation and/or water loss due to sweating. The increases may be due to skin compromise, i.e., rash, erythema. Determination of the effects of the oils alone, total daily oil exposure, the massage process or the combination of oil with massage would require a different experimental design than we used here. In preterm infants (n = 22) receiving sunflower oil massage at high daily frequency (every 3–4 h) from birth, TEWL increased significantly over 11 days but decreased when application was discontinued [35]. In our community, where daily massage with oil is nearly universal and the focus on comparing SSO with MO, we cannot determine whether TEWL values might have been lower or decreased upon discontinuing massage in a group of babies unexposed to either oil. TEWL decreased following three times weekly SSO application in full-term neonates (n = 24) over 5 weeks [36] but exposures were substantially lower than in our study.
Regardless of oil exposure, skin condition (especially rash) worsened through the first two weeks before decreasing in severity. However, we rarely observed any skin dryness or scaling, even in infants < 34 weeks, unlike the Bangladesh hospital-based emollient trial where skin dryness occurred in 59% of infants < 33 weeks gestational age [37]. Our contrasting finding may result from the high relative humidity, consistently between 80 and 95%, an optimal range for filaggrin proteolysis to natural moisturizing factor that can increase skin hydration [38]. In contrast with the Bangladesh trial, where preterm infants (GA: 31.2 wks) received topical SSO experienced improved skin condition versus no massage, we did not detect improvements, even among our youngest category. Our generally better skin condition, compared to the Bangladesh study where 59% of the subjects (premature infants only) had skin dryness or erythema [37] may account our lack of measurable improvements with SSO. In addition, as the worsening of skin condition during the first two weeks occurred in both oil groups and as we were unable to include a control group in this study for comparison, it is possible this could have been due to the use of oil or massage itself.
We hypothesized that the impact of SSO on skin barrier function might be modified by gestational age; specifically, we considered the possibility that any beneficial effects, such as those we observed overall on rate of skin pH decline, might be limited to or realized to a greater degree among preterm infants, given that younger preterm infants are most vulnerable to the consequences of an under-developed barrier, e.g., infection. Further, we previously reported that in this setting among babies exposed to traditional MO massage, skin pH was significantly higher for those < 34 weeks relative to older infants. There was no clear evidence, however, of consistently stronger effects of SSO by gestational age; in general, TEWL, skin pH, and skin condition in the SSO group relative to MO group did not differ by gestational age. The faster (i.e. unit decrease per day) decrease in pH among SSO infants was modest, and we did not find any evidence that this observed effect varied by gestational age. While the mean SC protein amounts were higher in the older preterm and full term SSO infants, suggesting possible increased desquamation among this group, the difference between the groups was small. For both oils and all gestational ages protein measures decreased over time, and the rate of decrease differed neither overall or within gestational age category. Further studies are needed to discern the specific mechanisms of barrier development in the youngest infants over time.
While a large sample size, oversampling of preterm infants, and repeated measures of skin integrity and function over the neonatal period were strengths, our study has a number of limitations. We did not have a group of babies not exposed to oil and/or massage, a group which might have provided further insights into potential advantages or disadvantages of oil massage. While such information may have provided additional insight into the mechanism of the oils, the parent study was examining if substituting sunflower seed oil for the traditionally-utilized mustard seed oil could lead to health benefits without introducing a major behavioral change to an important cultural practice [11]. Our population included premature infants. However, there were a small number (n = 14) of extremely premature infants (< 29 weeks) and preterms < 32 weeks GA (n = 54), thereby limiting the ability to discern emollient differences in the most underdeveloped skin. Strategies to facilitate barrier development in very premature babies are relevant in intensive care settings, and additional research is warranted. TEWL, one of our skin barrier integrity measures, is recommended for use in controlled conditions with low humidity [39, 40]. Any true benefit of SSO on TEWL might have been obscured in our high humidity conditions, through concomitant effects of sweating. Finally, given the constraints of the setting, we used reported date of last menstrual period, rather than ultrasound dating, resulting in some possible misclassification of gestational age [41].
The application of topical emollients for preterm and full-term infants continues to be investigated worldwide. These data provide information about how different oils may facilitate skin barrier development and, thereby, protect infants in low resource, high humidity settings. These data and those from other studies further examining these mechanisms in a variety of settings and with different emollient regimens can help guide the development and/or section of more effective treatments. Emollients have been used to facilitate skin maturation in premature infants in hospital and rural settings, potentially lowering risk of life-threatening infections. Most recently, they have demonstrated potential to reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis when administered right after birth [42, 43]. The present study adds knowledge by examining the mechanistic basis for the effect of emollient therapy on skin barrier function, and highlighting the role of environmental conditions such as relative humidity and temperature and cultural practices such as multiple daily emollient application with vigorous massage. The specific emollient composition likely impact the outcomes, suggesting the importance of identifying the characteristics of optimum topical treatments across conditions, such as atopic dermatitis where specific skin barrier anomalies are implicated in the disease process [44]. Overall, research on how topical emollients influence the infant skin barrier remains inconclusive, and future studies, e.g., on specific biomarkers of innate immunity, could clarify some inconsistencies. Investigations on blockage of eccrine glands by topical oils and influence skin microflora in these settings are warranted. Finally, the effects of the repetitive vigorous massage itself, regardless of oil might be used remains an under-studied aspect of emollient therapy research, particularly among younger premature infants for whom skin barrier maturation is incomplete.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and analyzed for this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
Confidence Interval
Gestational age
Mustard seed oil
- PPARα:
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
Stratum corneum
Small for gestational age
Sunflower seed oil
Trans-epidermal water loss
Village development committee
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Kanti V, Günther M, Stroux A, Sawatzky S, Henrich W, Abou-Dakn M, Blume-Peytavi U, Garcia Bartels N. Influence of sunflower seed oil or baby lotion on the skin barrier function of newborns: A pilot study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2017;16(4):500–507. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12302.
Darmstadt GL, Ahmed S, Ahmed AS, Saha SK. Mechanism for prevention of infection in preterm neonates by topical emollients: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014;33(11):1124–7.
Scott IR, Harding CR. Filaggrin breakdown to water binding compounds during development of the rat stratum corneum is controlled by the water activity of the environment. Dev Biol. 1986;115(1):84–92.
du Plessis J, Stefaniak A, Eloff F, John S, Agner T, Chou TC, Nixon R, Steiner M, Franken A, Kudla I, et al. International guidelines for the in vivo assessment of skin properties in non-clinical settings: part 2. Transepidermal water loss and skin hydration. Skin Res Technol. 2013;19(3):265–78.
Pinnagoda J, Tupker RA, Agner T, Serup J. Guidelines for transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement. A report from the standardization Group of the European Society of contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1990;22(3):164–78.
Rosenberg RE, Ahmed AS, Ahmed S, Saha SK, Chowdhury MA, Black RE, Santosham M, Darmstadt GL. Determining gestational age in a low-resource setting: validity of last menstrual period. J Health Popul Nutr. 2009;27(3):332–8.
Horimukai K, Morita K, Narita M, Kondo M, Kitazawa H, Nozaki M, Shigematsu Y, Yoshida K, Niizeki H, Motomura K, et al. Application of moisturizer to neonates prevents development of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(4):824–30 e826.
Simpson EL, Chalmers JR, Hanifin JM, Thomas KS, Cork MJ, McLean WH, Brown SJ, Chen Z, Chen Y, Williams HC. Emollient enhancement of the skin barrier from birth offers effective atopic dermatitis prevention. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(4):818–23.
Glatz M, Jo JH, Kennedy EA, Polley EC, Segre JA, Simpson EL, Kong HH. Emollient use alters skin barrier and microbes in infants at risk for developing atopic dermatitis. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0192443.
Not applicable.
National Institute of Child Health and Development (HD060712) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1084399). The funders played no role in the design or implementation of the study, or the analysis, interpretation and/or decision to publish.
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Authors and Affiliations
AS made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data; drafting the article with critical revision for important intellectual content; final approval of version to be published. MOV made substantial contributions to design, analysis and interpretation of data; drafting the article with critical revision for important intellectual content; final approval of version to be published. SKK, JS, JK, JMT, and SCL made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data; interpretation of data; final approval of version to be published. LCM made substantial contribution to conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data; drafting the article with critical revision for important intellectual content; final approval of version to be published. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Ethical permission was obtained from Ethical Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University (Kathmandu, Nepal) and the Institutional Review Board of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baltimore, MD) approved the study. Both Boards provided a waiver of documentation of consent as appropriate for the context. Field staff read the oral consent script to mothers, who provided verbal consent for their infant's participation; this process was documented for each participant. For all subjects, the study procedures were explained thoroughly as was the voluntary nature of their participation. All of their questions were answered. Confidentiality of the information was maintained by using unique numerical identifiers.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
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Supplementary information
Additional file 1: Table S1.
Skin Condition Scale.
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Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Cite this article
Summers, A., Visscher, M.O., Khatry, S.K. et al. Impact of sunflower seed oil versus mustard seed oil on skin barrier function in newborns: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial. BMC Pediatr 19, 512 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1871-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1871-2


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Carmel Caterpillars Preschool |
- > Home
- > About Us
- > Our Staff
- > Useful links
- > For Parents
- > Gallery
Our Policies
- > Image Use Policy
- > Social Networking Acceptance Use Policy
- > Admissions Policy
- > Settling in Policy
- > Keyperson Policy
- > Special Educational Needs & Disability Policy
- > Safeguarding
- > Equal Opportunities Policy
- > Achieving positive behaviour
- > General Data Protection Regulation Policy
- > Record Keeping Policy and Procedures
- > Confidentiality and Client Access to records Policy
- > Disclosures and Disclosure Information
- > Online Safety Policy
- > Health and Safety Policy
- > Mobile Phone / Electronic Communication Usage Policy
- > Risk Assessment Policy
- > Maintaining children's safety and security on the premises Policy
- > Emergency Evacuation Procedure
- > Parental Involvement Policy
- > Administering Medicines Policy
- > Managing Children with allergies, or who are sick or infectious Policy
- > Coronavirus Pandemic Policy 2020
- > First Aid Policy - Promoting Health and Hygiene
- > Head Lice Policy
- > Looked after children ( Safeguarding Children)
- > Uncollected Child Policy
- > Missing Child Policy and Procedures
- > No Smoking / E cigarettes/ Drugs and Alcohol Policy
- > Food and Drink Policy
- > Animals in the setting Policy
- > Outside Space/ Garden Policy
- > Sun Cream Policy
- > Outings and Visits Policy and Procedures
- > Nappy Changing Policy
- > Staffing Policy
- > Conflict Of Interest Policy
- > Student Placement Policy
- > Working in Partnership with other Agencies
- > Making a Complaint Policy
- > Babysitting Policy
- > Selecting Equipment/ Resources Policy
- > Contact Us
Carmel Caterpillars Pre-School
Achieving Positive Behaviour Policy
Policy Statement
Our setting believes that children flourish best when their personal, social and emotional needs are met, and where there are clear and developmentally appropriate expectations for their behaviour.
Children need to learn to consider the views and feelings, needs and rights of others, and the impact that their behaviour has on people, places and objects. This is a developmental task that requires support, encouragement,teaching and setting the correct example. The principles that underpin how we achieve positive and considerate behaviour exist within the programme for promoting personal, social and emotional development.
We have a named person, EMMA RULER, who has overall responsibility for our programme for supporting personal, social and emotional development, including issues concerning behaviour.
- We require EMMA RULER to:
- keep herself up to date with legislation, research and thinking, on promoting positive behaviour, and on handling children's behaviour, where it may require additional support.
- access relevant sources of expertise on promoting positive behaviour within the programme for supporting personal, social and emotional development.
- check that all staff have relevant in-service training on promoting positive behaviour. We keep a record of staff attendance at this training.
- we recognise that codes for interacting with other people vary, between cultures, and require staff to be aware of, and respect, those used by members of the setting.
- we require all staff, volunteers and students to provide a positive model of behaviour, by treating children, parents and one another with friendliness, care and courtesy.
- we familiarise new staff and volunteers within the setting's behaviour policy and its guidelines for behaviour.
- we expect all members of our setting, children, parents, staff, volunteers, and students, to keep to the guidelines, requiring these to be applied consistently.
- we work in partnership with children's parents. Parents are regularly informed about their children's behaviour by their Key Person. We work with parents to address recurring inconsiderate behaviour, using our observation records to help us to understand the cause, and to decide jointly, how to respond appropriately.
Strategies with children who engage in inconsiderate behaviour
- we require all staff, volunteers and students to use positive strategies for handling any inconsiderate behaviour, by helping children find solutions in ways which are appropriate for the children's ages and stages of development. Such solutions might include, for example, acknowledgment of feelings, explanation as to what was not acceptable, and supporting children to gain control of their feelings, so that they can learn a more appropriate response.
- we ensure that there are enough popular toys and resources, and sufficient activities available, so that children are meaningfully occupied, without the need for unnecessary conflict over sharing and waiting for turns.
- we acknowledge considerate behaviour such as kindness and willingness to share.
- we support each child in developing self-esteem, confidence and feelings of competence.
- we support each child in developing a sense of belonging in our group, so that they may feel valued and welcome.
- we avoid creating situations in which children receive adult attention only, in return for inconsiderate behaviour.
- when children behave in inconsiderate ways, we help them to understand the outcomes of their action, and support them in learning how to cope more appropriately. If a child continues to use inappropriate behaviour, we will support them using "time out", taking in to account their level of understanding and development.
- we never send children out of the room by themselves, nor do we use a "naughty chair".
- we never use physical punishment, such as smacking or shaking. Children are never threatened with these.
- we do not use techniques intended to single out and humiliate individual children.
- we use physical restraint, such as holding, only to prevent physical injury to children or adults and/or serious damage to property.
- details of such an event, ( what happened, what action was taken and by whom, and the names of any witnesses), are brought to the attention of the setting leader, and are recorded in the appropriate book. The child's parent is informed on the same day.
- in cases of serious misbehaviour, such as racial or other abuse, we make clear immediately the unacceptability of the behaviour and attitudes, by means of explanations, rather than personal blame.
- we do not shout or raise our voices in a threatening way to respond to children's inconsiderate behaviour.
Children under three years
- when children under 3 behave in inconsiderate ways, we recognise that strategies for supporting them will need to be developmentally appropriate and differ from those for older children.
- we recognise that babies and very young children are unable to regulate their own emotions, such as fear, anger or distress, and require sensitive adults to help them to do this.
- common inconsiderate or hurtful behaviour of young children include tantrums, biting or fighting. Staff are calm and patient, offering comfort to intense emotions, helping children to manage their feelings and talk about them to help resolve issues, and promote understanding.
- if tantrums, biting or fighting are frequent, we try to find out the underlying cause, such as a change or upheaval at home, or frequent change of carers. Sometimes a child has not settled in well and the behaviour may be the result of " separation anxiety".
- we focus on ensuring a child's attachment figure in the setting, their Key Person, is building a strong relationship to provide security to the child.
Rough and tumble play, hurtful behaviour and bullying
Our procedure has been updated to provide additional focus on these kinds of inconsiderate behaviours.
Rough and tumble play and fantasy aggression
Young children often engage in play that has aggressive themes, such as superhero and weapon play. Some children appear pre-occupied with these themes, but their behaviour is not necessarily a precursor to hurtful behaviour or bullying, although it may be inconsiderate at times, and may need addressing using strategies as above.
- we recognise that teasing and rough and tumble play are normal for young children and acceptable within limits. We regard these kinds of play as pro-social and not as problematic or aggressive.
- we will develop strategies to contain play, that are agreed with the children, and understood by them, with acceptable behavioural boundaries, to ensure children are not hurt.
- we recognise that fantasy play also contains many violently dramatic strategies, blowing up, shooting etc, and that themes often refer to "goodies and baddies", and as such offer opportunities for us to explore concepts of right and wrong.
- we are able to tune in to the content of the play, perhaps to suggest alternative strategies for heroes and heroines, making the most of "teachable moments" to encourage empathy and lateral thinking to explore alternative scenarios and strategies for conflict resolution.
Hurtful behaviour/Bullying
We take hurtful behaviour very seriously. Most children under the age of five will, at some stage, hurt or say something hurtful to another child, especially if their emotions are high at the time, but it is not helpful to label this behaviour as "bullying". For children under five, hurtful behaviour is momentary, spontaneous and often without cognisance of the feelings of the person whom they have hurt. We feel that children under five do not have the cognitive development, where he or she is able to plan and carry out a premeditated attempt to cause distress in another.
- we recognise that young children behave in hurtful ways towards others, because they have not yet developed the means to manage intense feelings that sometimes overwhelms them.
- we will help them manage these feelings as they have neither the biological means, nor the cognitive means, to do this for themselves.
- we understand that self -management of intense emotions, especially of anger, happens when the brain has developed neurological systems to manage the physiological processes that take place when triggers activate responses of anger or fear.
- therefore we help this process by offering support, calming the child who is angry as well as the one who has been hurt by the behaviour. By helping the child to return to a normal state, we are helping the brain to develop the physiological response system that will help the child to be able to manage his or her own feelings.
- we do not engage in punitive responses to a young child's rage as that will have the opposite effect.
- our way of responding to pre-verbal children is to calm them through holding and cuddling. Verbal children will also respond to cuddling to calm them down, but we offer them an explanation and discuss the incident with them, to their level of understanding.
- we recognise that young children require help in understanding the range of feelings they experience. We help children recognise their feelings by naming them and helping children to express them, making a connection verbally between the event and the feeling. Older children will be able to verbalise their feelings better, talking through themselves about the feelings that motivated the behaviour.
- we help young children to empathise with others, understanding that they may have feelings too, and that their actions impact on other's feelings. We help young children develop pro-social behaviour, such as resolving conflict over who has, for instance, the toy. We are aware that the same problem may happen over and over before skills such as sharing and turn-taking take place. Children will need repeated experiences with problem solving, supported by patient adults and clear boundaries.
- we support social skills through modelling behaviour, through activities, drama and stories. We build self-esteem and confidence in children, recognising their emotional needs through close and committed relationships with them.
- we help a child to understand the effect that their hurtful behaviour has had on another child. We encourage children to say sorry, where it is clear that they are genuinely sorry and wish to show this to the person they have hurt.
- when hurtful behaviour becomes problematic, we work with parents to identify the cause and find a solution together. The main reasons for very young children to engage in excessive hurtful behaviour are that:
- they do not feel securely attached to someone who can interpret and meet their needs. This may be in the home and it may also be in the setting.
- their parent, or carer in the setting, does not have skills in responding appropriately, and consequently negative patterns are developing where hurtful behaviour is the only response the child has to express feelings of anger.
- the child may have insufficient language, or mastery of English, to express him or herself and may feel frustrated.
- the child is exposed to levels of aggressive behaviour at home and may be at risk emotionally, or may be experiencing child abuse.
- the child has a developmental condition that affects how they behave.
- where this does not work, we use the Code of Practice, to support the child and family, making the appropriate referrals to a Behaviour Support Team, where necessary.
Behaviour Management Strategies
All staff and students are given a copy of our Behaviour Management Strategies, along with our Behaviour Management Policy, and are asked to read, and act accordingly. All children are treated fairly and equally. Staff will not "shout" at the children.
What behaviour is unacceptable, and the strategy:
- RUNNING - without purpose. Children will be asked " how do we move around Pre-School", and taken back to where they were, and asked to show us how we should move around Pre-School, in a safe manner.
- CARPET TIME - No toys are allowed at carpet time. At least 2 members of staff, and where appropriate up to 4 , will sit with the children. Staff will sit on chairs, whilst children sit on the carpet. Children will be asked to sit, and remain in their own space. We will separate the children, if and when necessary.
- SWEARING - words, and gestures. One warning will be given and then "time out" will be used.
- PHYSICAL CONTACT - Staff will deal with and comfort hurt child first.Staff will talk to the child about their unacceptable behaviour, using clear and simple language. One warning will be given. "Time out" will be used on the second incident. Staff will encourage child to say sorry, if developmentally appropriate.
- AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR - Staff will talk to child about their unacceptable behaviour, using clear and simple language. Remove any toy, or child, from a situation, where necessary. One warning will be give. " Time out" will be used thereafter.
- TEASING/UNKIND WORDS - As above.
Time out will be used as aforementioned. The child will be removed from the situation and sat with an adult for an appropriate length of time, (number of minutes per year of age).
These strategies were agreed by staff and committee at the Behaviour Management meeting
The original of this document was signed on behalf of Carmel caterpillars Pre-School Committee by the current Chairperson


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As companies continue to find ways to maintain operation while still keeping the safety of clients and customers top of mind, Fannie Mae recently announced that they will be accepting Desktop Appraisals or Exterior Only Appraisals for most purchase or refinance loans in lieu of the interior and exterior inspection appraisal (i.e., traditional appraisal). By allowing these desktop and exterior only appraisals, it will help reduce the need for appraisers to enter homes and hopefully decrease risk the potential of spreading or contracting the COVID-19 virus.
Traditional appraisals are still the preferred appraisal method, however if that is not feasible then the desktop appraisal is the next preferred method, and finally an exterior only appraisal. This updated standard will remain in place for all loans with application dates on or before May 17, 2020.
See the full Memo here.
Fore more information, please contact us and we can walk you through what this means if you plan on buying or selling a home in the next few months, (571) 429-7670 or [email protected].


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Dyson has sold fans, heaters, and air purifiers individually for some time, but now it has combined these three functions into a single device. The Dyson Pure Hot+Cool Link is much like the Pure Cool Link that was released earlier this year: it features Dyson's blade-free design, a HEPA air filter for the purification system, and it can be controlled wirelessly using the Link app.
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A National Transportation Safety Board Judge has dismissed a $10,000 fine levied by the Federal Aviation Administration against a man who used a drone to shoot a promotional video.
Raphael Pirker was accused of reckless flying by the FAA for using a model airplane to shoot a video for the University of Virginia in October 2011.
Judge Patrick Geraghty ruled the FAA has no authority over small unmanned aircraft.
RELATED: WFSB Employee Involved in Drone Incident Sues Police
"This has very significant implications for companies that have been eager to proceed with commercial applications for UAS technologies," Pirker's attorney Brendan Schulman told Bloomberg.
The decision is a setback for the FAA, which has held that U.S. commercial drone flights are prohibited until it writes rules governing their use. "We are reviewing the decision," the agency said in an e-mailed statement. It has the option to appeal.
At the time of Pirker's flight to shoot a promotional video over the University of Virginia in Charlottesville on Oct. 17, 2011, "there was no enforceable FAA rule" on the type of model aircraft he used, Geraghty said in his decision.
The FAA argued that Pirker's flight, with a plane made with a foam wing and weighing less than 5 pounds, was "careless and reckless," putting it under the agency's authority to enforce flying safety.
Pirker flew under bridges, near statues and over pedestrians, as documented on video he shot that day.


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Chinua Achebe once said, "Being a Nigerian is abysmally frustrating and unbelievably exciting." Every Nigerian football fan can relate to that remark.
Nigeria last won the African tournament in 2013. Since then, they have had some awkward moments. They qualified for the 2014 and 2018 World Cup tournaments, failed to qualify for the Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) in 2015 & 2017.
When they did qualify for the 2019 AFCON, they went as far as the semi-finals, losing to eventual champions Algeria.
This year though, Nigerians are excited and confident that the Super Eagles will win the ultimate prize. Chief Executive Officer of MTN Nigeria Olutokun Toriola also rang the echoes of excitement ahead of the team's opener against Egypt on Tuesday.
He said,"We are backing the boys to make us proud in Cameroon. This team can go all the way and win the trophy. They have a proud nation brimming with passion behind them, and we are also behind them all the way. At the last tournament, we finished third, and we should be pushing on from there. The team is filled with talented boys with an opportunity to make history, and we want them to grab it"
Augustine Eguavoen was appointed as the interim head coach following the dismissal of former coach, Gernot Rohr, a month before the tournament. Eguavoen will only oversee AFCON 2021 as the NFF has now hired Portuguese tactician Jose Peseiro as the new head coach. He will watch the tournament as an observer and will take over after the continental showpiece in Cameroon. Eguavoen led Nigeria as head coach to the 2006 edition where they finished third following a stint as assistant manager.
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More than 50% of the brands offered at PWB are founded and led by BIPOC humans. We also believe in pricing diversity, so there is something for all budgets and lifestyles.
4. Product Performance
When all is said and done, we know even the highest quality products can fall short. Which is why we make sure every product we discover delivers on performance as well. Just because something feels nice isn't enough-it needs to work as well.


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Active-duty service members were pictured wearing Donald Trump-themed morale patches as the president made his Memorial Day address aboard the USS Wasp at the Yokosuka Naval Base in Japan on Monday.
The patches featured a likeness of Trump alongside the slogan "Make Aircrew Great Again." Vivian Salama, a White House reporter for The Wall Street Journal, tweeted images of aircrew wearing the badges:
The Associated Press also shared this image of the patch:
Troops often wear unofficial patches that contain tongue-in-cheek humor to build unit morale. Caroline Orr, a reporter for the National Observer, noted that some service members had been pictured wearing the same patch in 2017.
It's unclear where these patches originated from.
Trump caused controversy when he signed "Make America Great Again" campaign hats for troops during a visit to service members in Iraq in December. Retired four-star Gen. Barry McCaffrey at the time described the move as "unheard of."


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4 Things to Think About this May Day
International Laborers Day, also known as May Day, is a day celebrated around the world on the 1st of May. It is a day that celebrates laborers and the working class.
Hard-working, capable, and dedicated staff are the lifeblood of the retail industry. They deal with customers, manage the stock, maintain the shop, and have countless other daily duties. As such, May Day is the perfect opportunity to let your staff know that their hard work is being appreciated.
In this article, we will go over 5 things to think about this May Day so that you can continue treating your staff well.
1. Job Security
One of the most stressful situations your staff can be in is not knowing if their job is secure or not. Most people managing to live a middle class level of life or below are supported by tenuous safety nets, if at all. They count on the reliable pay provided by their place of employment to survive.
Job security has become even more of a hot topic since COVID-19 hit the economy like a freight train. Shops have closed down and people have lost jobs in almost unprecedented numbers around the globe. Society's level of anxiety, fear, and tension is running high.
As such, take this May Day to both find a way to keep your staff without firing them during a pandemic and to let them know that they are secure where they are. Your staff will thank you for this valuable lifeline in a troubling time.
2. Job Scope
A problem lots of stores face is when they are forced to ask staff to act beyond their job scope. Sometimes, it can be something like asking the delivery staff to help with customer service or to ask the cashier to also restock inventory, and so on.
There are many reasons why this can happen, ranging from being understaffed to a deluge of customers due to a sale, etc. However, one thing that should be very clear is that this is not an ideal situation. Staff hired for their skills in particular areas may not perform as well in others.
As such, consider speaking to your staff to clearly define their responsibilities and areas of concern. While they are welcome to help in other areas, it should never be forced upon them overtly or covertly. Giving your staff this type of respect can result in loyal and hardworking staff.
3. Protection on the Job
Your staff are part of the front-facing part of your business. As such, they face all manner of stressful situations daily.
From rude customers to damaged products to negotiating with supplies, your staff often find themselves in tense situations. Though they usually handle it without issue, conflict is inevitable. If such a situation arises, this is your wake up call to give your staff a fair hearing before you make your decisions.
Giving into the old saying "the customer is always right" might seem tempting, especially in the face of losing potential profit.
However, consider that it is much more expensive to replace and train new staff. If you don't at least give them the benefit of the doubt, your staff have no reason to be loyal to you or respect your authority.
4. Giving Them the Right Tools
Next, let's talk about the right tools for the job. In the modern digital age, there are many digital tools to help your staff perform better.
Some examples include POS systems to handle sales and inventory and eCommerce portals. These can help your staff by taking on the mental burden of data tracking and number crunching, leaving them to focus on customer service instead.
Consider taking this May Day to research some good digital tools that might be useful for your staff. They would appreciate the investment in their well-being. Happy staff work hard, after all.
And there you have it, our list of 4 things to think about this May Day as you celebrate your staff and the countless hours of hard work they do for you.
If you were looking to get a head start on looking for the perfect digital tool to help out at your store, why not consider checking out Ewity?
Ewity is our easy-to-learn, easy-to-use, cloud-based POS system. You can learn more at our website and try it out for the low price of ABSOLUTELY FREE!


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You know how doctors and teachers seem to run in families? So do beauty people. Take Ashley Yong, one half of Singapore vegan brand Two Halves, which launched in Oct 2019. The 28-year-old learned about skincare and makeup from her mum.
Mum is Jo Yong, 59, former brand general manager at Estee Lauder Companies, who, in 2012, helped to launch Tom Ford Beauty in Singapore. She's now a director at a group establishment for the beauty wholesale and retail industry, and is a consultant for Two Halves.
Read More: 5 Vegan Haircare Brands To Get On Your Radar
So it was practically a given that Ashley would end up working in the beauty industry, doing public relations and marketing for a year at the Estee Lauder Companies. But even as she put her skills to work, she felt a strong pull to create her own skincare brand.
With Two Halves, Ashley and Jo have created a gender-neutral, clean-beauty brand designed for sensitive skin, housed in sleek, sustainable packaging.


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Brisbane: A hub for innovation and the gateway to Asia
A fast-growing economy
Brisbane has been dubbed "Australia's new world city" and currently has a $146bn economy.
According to couriermail.com.au, by 2031 the economy for Greater Brisbane will match that of New Zealand with a value approaching $250bn. Its diverse economy has "traditional pillars such as mining services and construction making way for a raft of new growth sectors including education, advanced manufacturing and health services." This growth will likely come from its biggest sector, health and social care, as the population ages.
Economist Gene Tunny told Courier Mail: "What we will see is a continuing expansion of aged and health care, combined with NDIS (National Disability Insurance Scheme) investment, being a huge driver of employment in the future."
See also:
See the latest issue of the ANZ edition of Business Chief magazine here
Brisbane gets green light to build international cruise ship terminal
Brisbane Airport signs up Air China for direct flights to Beijing
Education and innovation
In terms of its workforce, Brisbane has shown strong population growth for the past two decades and this is set to continue. According to choosebrisbane.com, the population is projected to grow to 3.12mn by 2031. At present, the Greater Brisbane region holds 2.2mn people and 42.8% of these are aged between 25 and 54, with 22% holding bachelor degrees. It has the fastest employment growth of all Australian capitals and has the second-highest full-time employment rate in the country, with 65% of those employed working full-time.
Playing host to three major Australian universities, Brisbane not only has a highly-educated workforce but is a hub for research. Griffith University, a global top 5% institution, is famed for its research into health and the environment. Queensland University of Technology is a 45,000 student-strong organisation which is ranked 2nd of all Australia's universities under 50 years old. The University of Queensland is a member of the world's top 100 institutes and is a leading organisation in Australia for new patents, licence income and start-up companies.
It is unsurprising then that Brisbane was the city to develop the world's first vaccine for cervical cancer, which has now been rolled out by several governments around the world. The city has been ranked in the top 15% worldwide for innovation in the Innovation Cities Global Index, and the greatest number of patents in the country come from Australia.
Little Tokyo Two… collaborative workspace
As well as other areas of innovation, Brisbane is fast becoming known as a tech hub. A prime example of this is Little Tokyo Two, a company providing workspace and innovation hubs for entrepreneurs, which has chosen to use Brisbane as its base for a variety of reasons. Its headquarters is at Spring Hill, but the business also has locations at Petrie Terrace in the city as well as its newest offering, The Capital building, in Brisbane's CBD. Workspaces are also offered in other Queensland locations: Springfield and Gold Coast.
Little Tokyo Two dubs itself "one of the largest and most dynamic communities of entrepreneurs, innovators and creators in South East Queensland". Championing collaboration, trust, openness and support, the organisation boasts a range of members between the ages of 15 and 70, with most around 30 to 35. It provides not only 24-hour workspace for collaboration but also mentoring programmes for start-ups and entrepreneurs, with 55% of members being less than three years in business.
The company boasts "a thriving event program" with "plenty of chances to rub shoulders with like-minded folks" and says the strategic partnerships it offers will "create untapped opportunities that you may never have thought possible".
Brisbane as a gateway…
Brisbane is the closest Australian capital to Asia, and as such is seen as a gateway between whole continents. The port of Brisbane is one of the fastest-growing container ports in Australia, and is a hub for over 35 shipping lines. Located just 24km from the CBS, choosebrisbane.com states the port is five sailing days closer to Asia than Sydney of Melbourne.
In addition, Brisbane plays host to a top world airport in which 34 airlines operate with links to Singapore, Hong Kong, LA and Dubai. Currently several billions are being spent on improving the airport, which includes the construction of a new parallel runway.
Other infrastructure developments include the Queen's Wharf Development in the CBD, and a $5bn cross river rail project to open up corridors and transit centres such as Woolloongaba.
The city says it is "committed to strengthening trade and commerce across the globe and rapidly becoming a powerhouse in the Asia Pacific region".
- How Yum China is driving innovation in the restaurant spaceDigital Strategy
- Business schools innovating for post-pandemic educationLeadership & Strategy
- Fast-growing Infosys boosts presence in Singapore, SydneyTechnology
- New online INSEAD program to help executives lead todayLeadership & Strategy


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Kanye West unveiled a new look for his six-figure Italian super SUV but people keep mistaking it for a Pontiac Aztek of rubbish '90s past.
Kanye West went out of his way to come up with a one-off look for his $200,000 Rambo Lambo for the twenty-first century except people keep mistaking his Lamborghini Urus for arguably the vilest and most hated automobile when it came out, a Pontiac Aztek. Remember that funky looking SUV on Breaking Bad? That one. But, can you really blame people?
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For what it is, the Lamborghini Urus looks darn right stealthy and powerful. Straight from the factory, they have a presence that regular supercars can't pull off because of their low-slung ground-hugging looks shaped more by the wind than anything. But, when you put a beige wrap job like this, strip the Urus of its clearcoat paint job and frankly make it look like you wrapped it in a paper bag, your eyes go elsewhere, mainly to how the vehicle now looks.
And, there's only one other SUV in history that came optional with a beige paint job like this that has as many angles, yup, the Pontiac Aztek. Here's what a beige metallic Aztek looks like below. Pontiac calls this color Champagne Beige Metallic and, thanks to Breaking Bad, is the most famous of the OEM Aztek Colors.
The wheels, if you're curious, are bespoke Boyd Coddington wheels of Hot Rod legend lore. The jury's still out on how well they go together with the wrap job but as Randy Jackson said, "It's a no from me, dog."
Car customization is all about expression but any car enthusiast worth their salt will tell you it's also about the execution. This Urus and its beige wrap and sewer cover-looking wheels is just…bad.
Thankfully, you can unwrap wraps and pick another color. Hey, Kanye. Here are the paint codes for most Aztek colors that made it out in the wild just for reference. Avoid these.
Source: Team Kanye Daily


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In a speech attacking Linda McMahon for actually having held a job, and being a successful career woman, Obama spoke of how important it was to elect someone who could save us from the Obama Economy:
At this moment, we are facing challenges we haven't seen since the Great Depression. And facing serious challenges requires serious leaders -– leaders who are willing to take on the status quo; leaders who are willing to take on special interests; leaders who are willing to fight for our people and our future
Well, last year Obama kept claiming we were heading for a great depression, but few people agreed with him. But he said that if we just spent all our money on democratic special interest groups, our unemployment rate would tumble and everything would be A-OK.
Well, the democrats did everything he asked, with a filibuster-proof majority in the senate and a large majority in the house. And instead of making things better, unemployment soared, the economy sputtered, and now even Obama has to admit that we have only made things worse.
So, why would we want to elect MORE democrats? Why would we vote a guy who has lived on the public payroll like Blumenthal, who only pretended to be a Vietnam Veteran, when we can elect a person who has actually EARNED a living and knows how to run a business and create jobs, and understands what Obama never will -- the troubles that real americans face.


text: Shortie Posted March 18, 2016 Share #1 Posted March 18, 2016 Emotional Intelligence : 5O Effective Ways To Improve Communication Skills,EQ And Mastering Your Emotions English | 2016 | ASIN: B01C8UBKQC | 40 pages | ePUB, AZW3, MOBI | 1.3 MB Have your emotions been controlling you lately? Do you feel like there is nothing you can do? Do you feel hopeless? Have you ever wanted to be better? Do you struggle with communication? Are you always hiding your feelings and unsure on how to express them? Have you ever wondered what emotional intelligence was? If you answered yes to any of these questions then this book is for you. This book will give you experiences, and examples to better suite your needs. This book will become more than a helpful guide, but soon will become your self-awakening. Once you can control and express your emotions, then the concept of happiness becomes more obtainable. This book will include step-by-step instructions and the how tos along the way. Here Is A Preview Of What Inside The Book: The meaning of emotional intelligence Examples of emotional intelligence The four attributes of emotional intelligence Skills to improve your communication skills 50 examples of ways to improve your communication skills And more Hidden Content Give reaction to this post to see the hidden content. Link to comment


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Today's message will serve as the ending portion of our teaching series on the prophetic ministry. It is my prayer that you have received such encouragement, clarity, and understanding thus far –especially if you may be called by the Lord to the prophetic ministry!
…Let's pick up where we left off!
As mentioned before, there are several areas of the body in which believers are able to physically sense and feel the anointing. Keep in mind that as you feel anointing on these parts of the body, it could represent or have more than one meaning.
Physical Indications of Anointing (Continued)
Anointing on the elbow: Represents a demonic execution that presents a strong call and urge to pray. It is a warfare anointing.
Anointing on the nose: Indicates the discerning of spirits.
Anointing on the ears: Represents when God is speaking (top of the ears). Also represents a strong word of warning or judgement. Feelings of a strong prick in the ear are indicative of a lying spirit.
Anointing on the ankles/wrists/necks : Critical in deliverance, representing a demonic spirit at work to hold one in captivity. A removal of the chains.
Anointing on the shoulders: Represents a burden for someone. This will lead you to pray for an individual. This can also represent a certain yoke.
Anointing at the top of the head: Openness to God.
Anointing on the temple: Represents clarity.
Anointing on the bottom: Represents the seed of silent suffering and grief.
Anointing on the knees: Represents surrendering and submission to the Lord.
Destroying Yokes
"And it shall come to pass in that day, that his burden shall be taken away from off thy shoulder, and his yoke from off thy neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing." – Isaiah 10:27
You have spiritual tools that have been given to you by God that are equipped with the anointing to destroy yokes! These tools include speaking in tongues, praying in the spirit, and ministering and speaking the word of God. The Word is like a sharp sword that pierces and is able to break chains and bondages! It is the anointing that breaks things off of the lives of others. This shows the importance of identifying the certain types of anointings, as they reveal the areas where a restrictive yoke of bondage may be present. As you begin to pray, tarry or even fast against those things, the yoke is removed –and when it breaks, it's SO very beautiful!
There have been times when I felt the removal of yokes personally. I could sense where the enemy was trying to constrict me in some areas. The anointing would be felt around my ankles or wrists depending on the issue. Visions would come to me of the angels of the Lord; I could see them coming in to use their tools to clip away the yokes. It was as if I could feel the very chains falling off. What a sweet anointing! Oftentimes seers may even see those yokes in the spirit. In fact, some of my daughters who are seers have witnessed and experienced seeing demonic oppression around certain areas of the body. If you or even someone you know have felt the restrictive yoke around the areas of the hands, wrists, ankles, or neck, the answer is always in prayer!
Whether you are feeling, hearing, or seeing, you MUST be in prayer!
You must know who you are in God!
You must take authority!
You have to get into the Word of God!
Begin to quote the Word!
Speak and pray in tongues!
Worship the Lord!
Things will begin to fall and be destroyed over your life. Testimonies will begin going forth as the anointing is truly breaking chains and yokes in this hour! When God brings others out and healing comes forth, and blinded eyes are opened, deaf ears are unclogged, the lame walk, and people who are bound for years are set free by the power of God, this gives others hope that God did it for them, He can do it for someone else!!
May you be supernaturally strengthened today!
Rather than depending on yourself, declare that you will trust and depend on God alone. Many believers have been trusting and depending on the oil and their anointing. Some of us surely see in the spirit, have visions, feel the anointing often, and have even been depending on the dreams we receive –but this simply won't cut it! In this season, I encourage you to solely trust and depend on the Father who is the author and finisher of your faith. May you continue to go higher as you trust in Him, operate in your gifts, anointing, and calling!
Let it be so. Amen.
If this article has blessed you, please comment or kindly share.
Lenika Scott
The Millionaire Mom
If you would like Lenika Scott to Coach you, click here to join the Inner Circle today!


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BluArmor awards Strategic PR mandate to Mavcomm Consulting
BluArmor, a brand that manufactures and markets a range of smart multi-functional motorcycle gear today awarded its Strategic Public Relations mandate to Mavcomm Consulting, a boutique reputation consulting firm working with some of the top global and Indian brands. The mandate became effective from January 01, 2019.
Commenting on the development, Mr. PK Sundararajan, CEO & Founder, BluArmor said, "Mavcomm Consulting really understood our needs and showcased their grasp on strategy to further our product visibility and awareness as we are looking forward to expand our reach. We are getting ready to launch our second generation products and confident that Mavcomm's efforts will help us in positioning them amongst our customers, potential partners and other key stakeholders."
Pranjal Dutta, CEO, Mavcomm Consulting Pvt. Ltd. said, "While automotive sector has seen lot of innovation on product side in both two wheelers and four wheelers, accessories has not seen much development. BluArmor is doing some really interesting work in this neglected space and we see a great potential for their products in not only India by all across the world. We are excited to take their story to customers and looking forward to work closely with the BluArmor team as they get ready to launch new products that will help people."


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2024 info coming soon!
Extended Camp (Before/After Camp Care) is an option we are offering for parents who need care either before camp starts, after it ends, or both. Campers in both Traditional & Specialty camps can register for extended camp programs.
Please be sure to check the appropriate boxes on your campers registration form to ensure we are fully staffed and expecting your camper. Extended PM Camp Care includes an afternoon snack for your camper, in addition to lots of games, activities, and more fun spending time with friends!
Extended Care Options/Fees:
- Before Camp Care:
7:00 - 9:00 a.m.
$35 per week - After Camp Care:
3:00 - 5:30 p.m.
$45 per week