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Very nice and always successful.
This is a very good article.
I'm waiting for you the other article.
bandar togel
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Japan PM Abe vows effort for improved ties with S. Korea
June 22, 2015
TOKYO, June 22 (Yonhap) — Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said Monday he wants to make concerted efforts with President Park Geun-hye for improved relations between the two countries.
"I would like to improve and develop ties, together with President Park, for the people of both nations and the next generation," he said in a meeting with visiting Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se at his official residence.
Abe's remark came as the Northeast Asian neighbors marked the 50th anniversary of normalizing their diplomatic relations.


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The City of Healdsburg is going to work with Healdsburg Forever and the Healdsburg Healthcare Foundation to identify grantees and a distribution process for a one-time community response grant program funded by $200,000 in American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) funds.
On Nov. 1 during its regular meeting, the Healdsburg City Council gave the OK for the city to partner with Healdsburg Forever and the healthcare foundation for the community response grant program.
"As part of our recent budget adjustments, one thing that the city council approved in the current year's budget is a $200,000 allocation for community response grants. That was described at the time as grants for community rolex day date mens m118348 0098 rolex calibre 2836 2813 gold tone organizations that are helping us in our general response to COVID both in terms of the medical health emergency and the economic impacts as well," said Healdsburg City Manager Jeff Kay.
At the time, they also talked about partnering with the Healdsburg Healthcare Foundation and Healdsburg Forever.
"We have organizations here in town who are skilled, effective and knowledgeable when it comes to administering grant programs and getting money out to nonprofits in a way that is efficient and effective," Kay said.
He said partnering with Healdsburg Forever and the health care foundation also has the benefit of getting funds out quickly to nonprofits in need.
The organizations' recommended approach is to issue four to five large grants with an emphasis on maintaining the scale of essential services. The grant process will be invitational rather than competitive with requests for proposals.
"We're looking of course at the most significant community needs and what is the current funding situation," said Dave Ring of Healdsburg Forever. "And that's important because at this point in the pandemic, some areas, like in- school programs and vaccination efforts, for example, are pretty well-funded while other areas of perhaps equal importance are struggling much more to find resources."
Ring said they interviewed and researched 17 different nonprofits and found that their common needs are food-related assistance, medical/mental health, financial assistance and child care.
Ring said while the need is there to address affordable housing, it would be difficult to make a significant impact with the funds they have.
"We're focusing on the other areas of economic stabilization in terms of trying to find the best opportunities for nonprofits," he said.
Kim Bender, the executive director of Healthcare Foundation Northern Sonoma County, said they want to implement an invitational grant process for several reasons, namely for streamlining the process.
"We really looked at whether invitational versus a competitive process would be better for this amount of money and considered the fact that a competitive process would require setting up a request for proposals (RFP), which in and of itself might take a month more, advertising that and putting together a review committee. Giving the organization's time to put those proposals together would all take three or four months," Bender said.
She said considering their experience with RFPs and the amount of grants they have to disperse, they believe they'd receive between 20 to 30 proposals, so only about 15 to 20% of the applicants would be successful in obtaining a grant.
Councilmember Ariel Kelley agreed with the idea of wanting to get the funds out quickly.
"As City Manager Kay mentioned, there are certain things in the ARPA funds that are going to take a considerable amount of time for us to deploy and actually be felt in the community and I think this truly is one of those areas where relief and support can be given swiftly," Kelley said.
Kelley added that she would like to see how the funds are going to be used by each grantee. Ring said they could invite the grantees to a council meeting to come and give a presentation on the topic.
One resident who spoke during public comment opined that the grant process should be competitive rather than invitational.
"I think that we need to go to the RFP process. The invitational process, while it may streamline the actual distribution of funds, has the potential to smack favoritism to the general public," said resident Charles Duffy. "Setting out a request for proposals can be set very narrowly so you're reaching the same group of nonprofits that you want to target and you're making it an open process. I would strongly urge the council to accept that as the way to go."
Yet, Healdsburg Mayor Evelyn Mitchell agreed with the organizations' recommended approach and the idea to have the grant process be invitational.
"We need to get the money out there, it's not doing any good sitting in the bank … I understand the comment about the RFP being more transparent, but I also appreciate the knowledge and skill set that you both (Ring and Bender) bring to this process and I trust that you will reach out to the right organizations and give everybody the opportunity, so I'm certainly in favor of the proposal as is," Mitchell said.
Next steps for community response grants
Ring and Bender will narrow down the list of proposed organization grantees and dollar amounts, issue a short application to minimize grantee time and work, and receive and review applications. They will then present grantee recommendations to the city council for funding approval in December.
According to the agenda item report, grant recipients would be notified and funds would be distributed by approximately the end of the year, or by early January.
Credit: https://soconews.org/scn_healdsburg/news/city-working-with-nonprofits-on-community-grant-program/article_f76f3982-4310-11ec-97d4-5f54905c7875.html

subset: commoncrawl


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Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). The creator is neither licensed nor qualified to supply funding recommendation. This information is not and should not be interpreted as investment recommendation, a recommendation bat\btc regarding a plan of action or as an endorsement of cryptocurrency or any specific provider, service or offering. It just isn't a recommendation to commerce.
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At least once every couple of months or so, I get a submission request from a home roaster. I always turn them down; I've had home roasts before—from Behmors and heat guns and rotisserie grills and stove tops and ovens—and I've never been impressed by them.
Here we have our last of the ECX coffees Sweet Maria's brought in this year. They don't usually pick much coffee that's handled through the Commodity Exchange, but, according to their website, "the quality of this particular lot is so high that, in [their] opinion, it would have been foolish to turn it away."
If you don't already know, the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange was set up in an effort to help bring single farm lots to a market where they were rewarded for overall cup quality. The coffee is graded by employees at ECX, and while ranking coffee by overall quality is an effective means of determining price (in the past, origin is as much the price determiner as quality – "Yirgacheffe", "Sidama", etc), it's been taken to such an extreme where provenance is stripped altogether. So then we're stuck with amazing coffee (not a bad thing) and no real way of knowing where it came from.
Welcome to my Table, here in the corner of this cafe. Today we're sipping the Ethiopia Yirgacheffe Gedeo, from Single Speed Coffee in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Feel free to pull up a chair.
region: Gedeo, Yirgacheffe, Ethiopia
farm/factory: N/A
producer: smallholder farmers
association: Ethiopia Commodity Exchange
elevation: N/A
cultivar(s): Ethiopia Heirloom
process: fully washed, raised bed dried
certifications: standard
The aroma of this Ethiopia Yirgacheffe Gedeo is somewhat bright but very pleasant, being a bit floral and fruit-forward. There's a touch of honey and cocoa in there that provide a foundation for scents of berries, melon, citrus, and violet to jump from.
Taking my first few sips of the coffee immediately post-brew, my palate is greeted first by flavors of spice (cinnamon, a little peppery, jasmine) that prick the tip and sides of the tongue, then sweet Mexican chocolate, honey, and cherry that quickly soothe it, lifting a bit to reveal jasmine in the finish. There's just a touch of roast here – not like a really roasty, smoky taste, though; more like a "slightly overcooked" taste. Which honestly surprises me; I was expecting a lot more of that. Or maybe a staleness is what I was expecting; either way, this coffee, thus far, is going much better than I anticipated.
As it cools off, the coffee suddenly becomes incredibly juicy and bursts to life with bright, sweet fruits. Holy moly. This coffee now has the full-bodied juiciness of dark berries and plum, but it also features tart and lively citrus (lemon-lime, kumquat) acidity, cantaloupe, watermelon, passion fruit, grapefruit, pear juice, and guava nectar. This unbridled intensity backs off the closer it gets to room temperature, when the chocolate and honey up front return to form a long, satisfying finish.
Full body; juicy mouthfeel; lemon acidity; clean finish.
I have to say—this coffee has but one tasting note: crow. That's all I tasted while sampling this home-roasted Ethiopia Yirgacheffe Gedeo, from Single Speed Coffee. For all the naysaying and shade I throw at home roasting, this one was very good. I won't go so far as to say it's every bit as good as a coffee from a professional high-volume roaster, but it was very good.
I was really surprised at how well-developed this Yirg was. It had great clarity, was tremendously flavorful, and it really dazzled the palate with its bright liveliness, particularly in the latter stages of the cup.
Did you like this? Comments, questions, and suggestions are always welcome here at the Table! Pull up a chair and speak your mind by entering a comment below. Also remember to like us on Facebook, and follow us on Twitter!
Andrew is a husband, father, dog lover, craft beverage enthusiast, content creator, and niche market Internet celebrity. Formerly of A Table in the Corner of the Cafe and The Pulitzer Project and contributor to Barista Magazine and Mental Floss, he's been writing on the Internet for years.


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Little known fact: there's actually something of a Kotaku board game club lead by regular Trjn. They play board games on weekends and have a lot of fun doing so. My experience with board games runs about as deep as family games of Catan, but I am interested in getting on… board with board games and this brilliant little flowchart (via Reddit) is a great place to start.
Most flowcharts are jokes, but this is super helpful. The world of board games is, to me, about as broad and terrifying as video games are to clueless parents trying to choose a birthday present for little Johnny. This strikes me as something I would actually use.
But I'll ask you guys and girls for some advice: is this flowchart spot on? What's missing? And what board games would you recommend for a complete beginner?
Choosing the perfect board game [Reddit]


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I Brake for Wildlife
Even if it's Halloween weekend and I went to a party the night before and have a party to go to the night after, I come out to dance to Richie Ursomarso and whatever Wildlife he puts together on stage.
This time, the new addition was Sam Kephart on fiddle, which even got some Dogtown Roadhouse restaurant patrons up from their pizza to flatfoot.
Richie is a Floyd favorite, playing R&B Soul grooves. It's like having our own John Meyer on site. His guitar playing is fantastic and he writes many of his own songs, although the sweet number in the video clip below is a Bob Marley favorite because sometimes the R in R&B stands for Reggae.
Richie was joined by more Floyd stand-outs, Luke and Jake Thomas and Janiah Allen, and of course, the dancers, who know not to miss a Richie and the Wildlife show.
And HERE'S Richie at YogaJam 2014 doing one of his original songs.


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Kids in Need of Meals
Kids in Need of MealsAll over the nation, the number of people who are unemployed right now is up. Sadly that means many kids don't know where their next meal will come from.
The USDA has an online tool to help families find meals for kids during these difficult times. USDA Deputy Undersecretary Brandon Lipps.
New guidance from the U.S. Agriculture Department, issued this week, allows school districts to distribute meals "to a parent or guardian to take home to their children," according to a copy obtained by The Washington Post.
The waiver takes effect immediately and applies to all states that elect to use it. Schools will need to develop strategies to ensure the meal distribution plan retains "integrity," Angela M. Kline, director of policy and program development for the USDA's Child Nutrition Programs, wrote in the waiver.
Although the USDA envisioned "operators providing meals directly to children," Kline wrote, the agency "recognizes that in this public health emergency, continuing to require children to come to the meal site to pick up meals may not be practical and in keeping with the goal of providing meals while also taking appropriate safety measures."


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These days, sixth-bought "MIG-29" from Russia, which was undergoing repairs, was returned to our country, so that the Serbian Air Force again has ten such aircraft available as it was in 1988. After the completion of the repair, "twenty decades", the life-span was extended, and modern navigation-communication equipment was installed according to international standards. These planes also received air-to-air and air-to-air missiles, and their radar capabilities were also improved. The significance of these planes will be doubled, as it will not only allow Serbia to better protect its airspace, but will also provide more flight hours to Serbian pilots, which was previously one of the major problems. Serbia waited a little longer until Russia delivered those planes, but In the end this waiting is paid off.
Procurement of these planes is even more significant given the fact that in March this year, Croatia announced that it would buy from Israel 12 US used F-16-Barak aircraft. Then it was said that they will together with the repair, two simulators for pilots and training for them cost Croatia about 420 million euros. After that, there was controversy in the Croatian public and the media about whether it is a good move to spend such money on the purchase of used aircraft. However, the state summit concluded that Croatia has no money to buy new aircraft, and that the purchase of used "phantoms", regardless of their age, meets all needs.


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General view of Chipping Hill from river. On left is Moat farm with outbuildings in front. Right of centre in background, parish church tower. Just right of that, back of Brookcote (29 Chippnig Hill). On right, Earlsmead. Postmark Brentwood 28 October 1965. Addressed to Mr and Mrs Bridge, 3 Braintree Rd, Witham, Essex. Message reads 'Thur. Thank you for letters received today. Alfred on [???] again in bed. I can visit every day again. Yes dear Percy is home. Elsie got bed downstairs. She wrote me expects more. Love to you both from Bessie & Wilfred'.
Ref | M1651 |
Publisher | Sepiatone Series. Published by Photochrome Co Ltd., London and Tunbridge Wells |
Date taken | 1902-1929 |
Source | West, Peter |


text:
Ted Danson
publication date: Wednesday, February 22, 2017 (part of Winter 2017)
category: Television
clue: He's been a magazine editor, a crime scene investigator, an afterlife architect, an irritable doctor, a corrupt billionaire, and a North Dakota sheriff, but none of them will ever be as famous as his bar owner and retired pitcher.
explanation: Danson starred in Bored to Death, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, The Good Place, Becker, Damages, Fargo, and Cheers. more…
intended difficulty: easy
solved by: Russ Wilhelm, Steve West, LaVonne Lemler, Samir Mehta, Chris Lemler, Richard Slominsky, Justin Woods, Matthew Preston, and Jesse King


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Mara Mazdzer, owner of FUSE Weddings & Events and winner of 2020's Equally Wed Award, on allyship and advocacy.
Mara Mazdzer's success can be attributed to years of hard work and an uncompromising sense of dedication to her community. Her strong character and commitment to inclusivity and helping others–from clients to local non-profits to community organizations–is one of the many reasons her business is so special.
This commitment to inclusivity landed her a gig as the planner for one of Utah's first same-sex weddings, just before they were legalized across the country. That very couple was the first same-sex couple to be featured in a Utah bridal magazine, right here in Utah Bride & Groom. And, although Mara is proud to have been a part of that, she doesn't see it as anything out of the ordinary. "My job is to tailor the wedding to the couple – whether they're gay or straight – it's a celebration of their love."
"This wasn't a gay wedding," Mara explains, "it was a wedding. Just because you're gay doesn't mean you need a gay doctor. They're just weddings. They're people." As simple as you may see that statement today, it made waves in 2013. Which, in Mara's opinion, is what being an ally is.
Mara is steadfast when it comes to creating a safe space for any and all clients, from the vendors she chooses to work with to the people she hires.
"Do you remember that cake shop in Colorado in 2012 that wouldn't make a cake for same-sex clients?" Mara asks. "People were so shocked because it was being brought to their attention, but to be honest, that wasn't all that unusual. I related to the couple. I'd had couples come to me claiming they'd never anticipated having a wedding planner but because they kept meeting dead-ends, they didn't feel like they had a choice. They needed an advocate."
As time went on, Mara dedicated herself more and more to allyship and advocacy. "I knew that being a champion for all members of my community meant rethinking core components of my business," she explains. "For example, when I looked at the paperwork I was having clients fill out, I started to see all of the missed opportunities for inclusivity." Mara immediately sat down to neutralize the wording to ensure that regardless of gender identity or sexual orientation, no one felt alienated or left out.
To businesses that wish to be more inclusive, Mara suggests seeking out ways to make potential clients feel heard and accepted. "For me, being a good ally really comes down to listening. I pay attention to people that know more than me and take notes," she says. "One of my favorite resources for that is Equally Wed."
Clearly Mara's listening skills have been paying off. This year, the Equally Wed Awards, which honor the best LGBTQ+ inclusive vendors and venues in the wedding industry, awarded her the top spot for the Equally Wed Award in the " Planner Category."
"It's the seemingly small things like that that add up to make the difference," Mara explains. "It's not about being perfect, it's about being authentic."
Photos by David Newkirk | @davidnewkirk
Mara Mazdzer is the owner and operator of Fuse Weddings & Events, Planned Parenthood Utah's Gala Co-Chair and the WIPA Utah Chapter President.
Equally Wed is an international online LGBTQ+ wedding magazine, book and education resource for LGBTQ+ couples and LGBTQ+ inclusive wedding professionals. "Within our inspirational content, we focus on wedding planning, real weddings and engagements, marriage equality news and spotlights gay-friendly LGBTQ+ inclusive wedding vendors."


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Why Should Blue Collar Workers Have to Pay Taxes to Bail Out White Collar Student Loan Debt?
by John Lawrence
Short answer: There is no need for the Federal government to tax in order to spend. That has been demonstrated by Modern Monetary Theory. However, taxation, if imposed in order to fight inflation, needs to be imposed primarily on the rich and upper middle class, not on the poor or lower middle class. The smart thing for the Biden administration to do would be to decrease taxes on the lower middle class i.e. blue collar workers before 2022 thus drawing them away from the Trump camp. In general the American people need to be educated that deficits don't matter except just as accounting entries on the Fed's balance sheet. Biden's COVID relief initiative of $1.9 billion will not raise taxes nor will his follow-on trillion dollar initiative for the build-out of green infrastructure.
The question, "Can We Afford to Pay for the Green New Deal?" is equivalent to the question "Can We Afford to Pay the Costs of Avoiding Annihilation?". In the past we have been able to afford a massive build-up to pay for the Second World War. The climate challenge is the moral equivalent of war. If we lose this war we lose not just our freedom. We lose the habitability of the entire planet. Various attempts have been made to cost out the components of a Green New Deal. Green power generation and transportation are not sufficient in themselves to get to net zero carbon emission, but they are a start. As Bill Gates has pointed out in his recent book, How to Avoid a Climate Disaster, major industrial processes also generate much greenhouse gas emission. For instance, every ton of cement that is produced contributes one ton of carbon dioxide which goes into the atmosphere. Every ton of steel produced results in 1.8 tons of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere, and every ton of plastics produced emits 1.3 tons of carbon dioxide. So it's not enough just to deal with green transportation (electric vehicles) and green power generation (solar and wind).
The cost of "greening" these industrial processes is pretty steep. Capturing carbon dioxide at the site of the manufacturing process is possible, but there is no cheap way to do it. Bill Gates is investing in promising start-ups and is counting on innovation to come up with new processes and materials which will not result in so much carbon dioxide being released into the air. Gates points out that we need to electrify every possible manufacturing process and make sure that all that electricity is generated cleanly. He advocates a new generation of nuclear power sources as wind and solar can not possible fill every energy need mainly because they are intermittent. Nuclear can fill the gap for consistent power generation when solar and/or wind are offline. Smart nuclear power which Bill Gates has been instrumental in developing would solve the problems encountered so far of explosion and what to do with nuclear waste. As a last resort Direct Air Capture of carbon dioxide from the air is possible but also costly.
What it all boils down to is this: we will need on the order of a trillion dollars a year for 10 years commitment to address climate change if we have a prayer for avoiding the worst consequences. What's more a lot of this commitment must be made in cooperation with China which is one of the worst polluters. Rivalry and even a Cold War must be set aside if the world is to avoid the worst outcome from global warming. India and China are building coal fired power generation plants at a rapid pace because coal fired power plants are so cheap comparatively and those countries are developing so quickly. It's not enough just to "green" the US. It has to be cooperation on a world wide basis. Competition has to be set aside and replaced by cooperation. The ownership of intellectual property is irrelevant when it comes to saving the planet.
A national budget for a Green New Deal shouldn't contribute to inflation since there are currently so many unemployed people available for work, and particularly because so many of the small businesses that were lost during the pandemic are not coming back. Also further robotizing of manufacturing processes will eliminate whatever blue collar workers are left working in those fields. In World War II there was some postponement of consumption in order to fight inflation. That may be necessary for the moral equivalent of war which the Green New Deal represents. If so, workers in certain nonessential industries may have to be repurposed and retrained for industries involved in combating climate change.


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Mary Beth Fisher
Robson Ranch has a very active and generous community of mahjongg players. Twenty-four residents have learned the game since August, all while respecting current guidelines around the virus we are facing.
In addition, those players from 2019 who ordered cards through me, Mary Beth Fisher, as the Collector, donated $244 to Arizona Alliance Cancer Care (AACC), in Casa Grande. The funds are returned to those clubs who order new cards through their collector. The league prints cards and returns funds to these clubs who select their charity.
We choose AACC this year as several members, or their family members, have received cancer care at their facility. Having a state-of-the-art treatment center locally can facilitate recovery as there is no long-distance travel.
Collection will begin for 2021 cards Dec. 15, 2020. The price for 2021 cards will be $10 for large print and $9 for standard print, an increase of a dollar per card. The last day to order is Jan. 29, 2021. Exact change is required to order.


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Today Steinberg released Dorico 3.0.10, a maintenance update to its scoring program. The update includes nearly 100 bug fixes and brings support for macOS 10.15 Catalina. In addition, Steinberg has made a free 30-day trial of Dorico Pro 3 and Dorico Elements 3 available for the first time. Dorico 3.0.10 is free to all registered Dorico 3 users and can be downloaded from Steinberg's website or via the Steinberg Download Assistant.
Improvements and bug fixes
Dorico 3.0 introduced a panoply of new features; the Dorico 3.0.10 release is focused squarely on shoring up the internal workings of the program.
A couple of small improvements (rather than fixes) have made their way into this release:
- Guitar tablature: It is now possible to use the digits on the numeric keypad (if your keyboard has one) to specify fret numbers when inputting and editing tablature.
- Harp pedaling: A new quick filter for harp pedal changes has been added: choose Edit > Filter > Harp Pedal Changes to select or deselect all harp pedal changes within the current selection.
Dorico 3.0.10 resolves dozens of issues spanning most areas, including chord symbols, comments, condensing, guitar bends, harmonics, harp pedaling, lyrics, navigation, note input, percussion, playback, playing techniques, text, tokens, and more.
Nearly 20 important fixes have been made to the user interface.
An issue where File > Export > Audio and File > Export > MusicXML did not appear for users running Dorico with the Soft-eLicenser on macOS has been resolved.
EastWest Play, UVI Workstation and other PACE-protected VST instruments will once again load in Dorico 3.0.10.
A problem where Windows users experienced no sound or Dorico hanging upon playback has been resolved.
A full list of the fixes and improvements in Dorico 3.0.10 can be found in the Dorico 3 version history document.
macOS 10.15 Catalina support
Although the super-official Steinberg position for the moment is a recommendation for users to "remain on their current versions of macOS until further notice," Steinberg's own product marketing manager Daniel Spreadbury says Dorico 3.0.10 is "fully supported" on macOS 10.15 Catalina:
As of the release of Dorico 3.0.10 we are not aware of any problems with Dorico 3 on macOS 10.15 Catalina, and Dorico 3.0.10 is ready for all of the new security features being introduced with Catalina, such as Hardened Runtime and Notarization. However, the impact of these new security technologies on audio-focused applications is as yet not completely known, and we strongly recommend that you check with the manufacturers of all of the audio software, including instrument and effects plug-ins, to check that they have released new versions with explicit Catalina support before you upgrade. Furthermore, we advise that you keep an eye on the Steinberg web site for an official compatibility announcement for all of our products in the coming days for macOS 10.15 Catalina.
In summary: Dorico 3.0.10 is fully supported on macOS 10.15 Catalina, but if you rely on other VST instruments and effects or other audio applications, check with the manufacturers of all of those plug-ins and applications about Catalina support before you upgrade your Mac.
We're keeping track of Catalina support for Dorico as well as Finale, Sibelius, MuseScore, and Notion on this Scoring Notes blog post, which will continue to be updated as needed.
Also do consult the Scoring Notes Product Guide regularly, which is updated with the latest information about product releases and operating system compatibility.
Free 30-day trial
With today's release comes a free 30-day trial of Dorico Pro 3 or Dorico Elements 3. This is the surest way to try the software and all of its new features without making a financial commitment.
The trial versions include all of the features of Dorico Pro 3 and Dorico Elements 3, including the sound library. You'll need to register for a Steinberg ID if you don't have one already.
Availability and next updates
Daniel Spreadbury said, "We are working on a further free update to Dorico 3, which we expect to be available before the end of 2019. This update will expand the existing functionality for condensing, guitar chord diagrams, guitar notation, chord symbols, and more besides."
Until then, Dorico 3.0.10 is free to all registered Dorico 3 users and can be downloaded from Steinberg's website or via the Steinberg Download Assistant.


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In the Name of God بسم الله
Search the Community
Showing results for tags 'daily'.
As-salamunalaikum, Did you learn anything new today? If yes, let's share it below with our fellow members and learn together and if possible, try updating it daily! Wa-assalamualaikum Wa Rahmatullah
- blessed month
- dua
(and 2 more)
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This information is provided by Imam Reza AS Network. http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=2542 Daily News Portals 1)http://www.muslimnews.co.uk News and Views of Muslims. 2)http://www.cair-net.org Daily News by the "Council on American Islamic Relations". 3)http://www.irna.com "Islamic Republic News Agency". 4)http://www.irib.com "Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting". 5) http://www.islam-online.net/english/index.shtml "Islam Online Net." 6) http://www.musalman.com "Musalman", The Islamic Portal. 7) http://www.islamicnews.org "International Islamic News Agency." 8) http://www.informationtimes.com "Information Times", America's Daily Internet Newspaper. 9) http://www.ianaradionet.com "IANA Radio Net". 10) http://www.muslims.org/webnews/webnews.html "Islamic Information & News Network". 11) http://www.palestinechronicle.com "Palestine Chronicle". 12) http://www.islamicvoice.com "Islamic Voice Monthly". 13) http://www.milligazette.com "The Milli Gazette", English Muslim Daily from India. 14) http://www.muslimedia.com "Muslim Media International", Toronto, Canada. 15) http://www.muslimobserver.com "The Muslim Observer." 16) http://www.mediareviewnet.com "Media Review Network. 17) http://www.icna.org "Islamic Circle of North America" (ICNA) News Chronicle. 18) http://www.almanar.com.lb "Almanar Television, Beirut, Lebanon. 19) http://www.shiaradio.com "Live Broadcasting Shia Channel". 20) http://www.jmcc.org/media/reportonline/report.html Palestine News Digest 21) http://www.radioislam.com/NewsSources/NewsDefault.asp Islamic Information 22) http://www.islamicity.com/ The Global Muslim E Community 23) http://www.ibn.net/ Islamic Broadcasting Network 24) http://www.abbc.com/islam/ Radio Islam 25) http://www.alnour.net/english/news/newsindex_eng.htm Nour Radio 26) http://www.radioummah.com/ Radio Ummah 27) http://www.victorynews.net/ Victory News 28) http://irinn.irib.com Islamic Republic of Iran News Network (IRINN) 29) http://www.qods-newsagency.org/ Qods News Agency 30) http://www.mehrnews.com Mehr News Agency 31) http://www.sahartv.com/ Multi-Lingual Online Sahar TV from Iran 32) http://www.alalamnews.com/ Arabic Online News in Arabic from Iran 33) http://www.iribworld.com/ Multi-Lingual Radio Programmes From Iran 34) http://www.arktv.com/index.php Ark Television Leading English Newspapers 1) http://www.dawn.com "Dawn", Pakistan's Leading English Newspaper. 2) http://www.pakobserver.com "Pakistan Observer", Daily News from Pakistan in English. 3) http://www.paktoday.com "Pakistan Today" Daily News from Pakistan in English. 4) http://www.jang.com.pk/thenews "The News", Daily News from Pakistan in English. 5) http://www.kashmirobserver.com "Kashmir Observer Online". Daily News from Srinagar, Kashmir. 6) http://www.paknews.com "Pakistan News Service', Daily News from Pakistan in English. 7) http://www.independent-bangladesh.com "The Independent Internet Edition", Daily News from Bangladesh. 8) http://www.jordantimes.com "Jordan Times" English Daily published in Amman, Jordan. Leading Urdu Newspapers 1) http://www.siasat.com "Siasat Daily". The leading Urdu Newspaper from Hyderabad, India. 2) http://www.munsifdaily.com "Munsif Daily". The Leading Urdu Newspaper from Hyderabad, India. 3) http://www.dailyausaf.com "Daily Ausaf". The Urdu Newspaper from Islamabad, Pakistan. 4) http://www.jang-group.com/jang "Daily Jang", The Famous Urdu Newspaper from Pakistan. 5) http://www.jasarat.com "Daily Jasarat". The Leading Urdu Newspaper from Pakistan. 6) http://www.mashriq.com.pk "Daily Mahriq". The Urdu Newspaper from Peshawar, Pakistan. 7) http://www.nawaiwaqt.com.pk "Nawai Waqt", The Urdu Newspaper from Pakistan. 8) http://www.urdutimesdaily.com "The Urdu Times Daily", The Urdu Newspaper from Mumbai, India. 9) http://www.alephinc.net/urooj/welcome.asp "The Daily Urooj", The Urdu Newspaper from Pakistan. 10) http://akhbar.urdupoint.com "Urdu Point Network", News in Urdu and English from Pakistan. 11) http://www.inquilab.com "Daily Inquilab", The Leading Urdu Newspaper from Mumbai, India. 12) http://www.daily-pakistan.com "The Daily Pakistan". The Urdu Newspaper from Lahore, Pakistan. 13) http://18.104.22.168/index.shtml "Millat On Line". Daily News from Pakistan in English and Urdu. 14) http://www.dailyaftab.com "Daily Aftab". Leading Urdu Newspaper from Srinagar, Kashmir. 15) www.nawa-e-islam.com "The Shia Urdu Newspaper Site" Leading Persian Newspapers Leading Farsi Newspapers 1) http://www.jomhourieslami.com "Jumhuri Islami" Iran's Leading Persian Newspaper 2) http://www.abrar.ws/abrar/index.asp "Abrar" The Morning Daily published from Tehran. 3) http://www.kayhannews.com "Kayhan" The famous Persian newspaper in Iran. 4) "Khorasan" The Persian newspaper publishes from Mashhad and Tehran. 5) http://www.qudsdaily.com/index_20020318.htm "Quds" The Newspaper published by the holy shrine of Imam Reza(A.S.) in Mashhad and Tehran. 6) http://www.resalat-news.com "Resalat" The leading Persian newspaper from Tehran. 7) http://www.hamshahri.net "Hamshahri" One of the largest circulating newspaper from Tehran. 8) http://www.iran-newspaper.com/index.htm "Iran" The Persian daily newspaper published by Islamic Republic News Agency 9) http://www.jamejamdaily.net "Jame Jam" The Persian daily newspaper published by the Iranian Broadcasting Corporation. 10) http://22.214.171.124/et/http/index.htm "Ettelaat" The leading Persian daily in Iran. 11 ) http://www.entekhab-daily.com/ Entekhab Daily Newspaper Published From Tehran 12 ) http://www.ipna.ir Iran Sports News Agency Kayhan International, English Daily, Tehran, Iran http://www.kayhanintl.com Shia News http://www.shianews.org/Show.php Wilayah News Network http://www.wilayahnews.com Shia News Site in Urdu http://www.walayat.net/ Roshni TV, Karachi, Pakistan http://www.roshni.tv/ Radio Fatima http://www.radiofatima.com Al-Kawthar TV http://www.alkawthartv.ir/ Bridges TV https://www26.safesecureweb.com/bridgestv/home.asp Azadar News http://www.azadarnews.com The Voice http://www.thevoice.co.in/ Muslim Community Radio, London http://www.mcrlive.net/ Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News http://www.iribnews.ir/ Islam Channel http://www.islamchannel.tv/ AIM TV http://www.aimislam.com/aim-tv Shia TV http://www.shiatv.net Press TV http://www.presstv.ir/
(Bismillah) (Salam) I would like to share a Dua daily for the whole month of Ramadhan. If anyone else would like to contribute, please do so. Thank you! The Dua'as I share will need a transliteration, if anyone can, kindly share it So others may benefit. JazakAllah khayr Day 1: بسم الله الرحمن ارحيم اللهم اجعل صيامي فيه صيام اصاءمين وقيامي فيه قيام اقاءمين ونبهني فيه عن نومة الغافلين وهب لي جرمي فيه يا اله العالمين واعف عني يا عافيا عن المجر مين اللهم صلى على محمد وال محمد Translation: In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, The Merciful. O Allah, on this day, make my fast the fasts of those who fast (sincerely). & my standing up in prayer of those who stand up in prayer (obediently). Awaken me in it from the sleep of the heedless. & forgive my sins, O God of the worlds. O Allah, bless Mohammed & the family of Mohammed.
Samaha says of bomb plots, 'This is what Assad wants': August 10, 2012 10:34 AM (Last updated: August 10, 2012 09:44 PM) Members of Police's Information Branch storm the apartment building where former Information Minister Michel Samaha lives in Ashrafieh, Lebanon on Thursday, Aug. 9, 2012. (The Daily Star/Mohammad Azakir) BEIRUT: Police surveillance of recently detained former Cabinet Minister Michel Samaha, including incriminating video footage, was key to unveiling the pro-Assad figure's alleged involvement in a plot to carry out attacks in Lebanon, security sources said Friday. "This is what Bashar wants," security sources quoted Samaha as saying of Syrian President Bashar Assad, in a video shot by a Lebanese undercover agent for the Internal Security Forces Information Branch. He was referring to bomb attacks meant to be carried out in north Lebanon. They also said that, in the video, Samaha can be seen and heard saying that Syrian Maj. Gen. Ali Mamlouk had handed him the bombs in addition to cash to be distributed to would-be perpetrators of the attacks in Lebanon. Samaha was detained Thursday during a raid on his house in the Metn area of Khanshara-Juwar. When interrogators screened the video in his presence, Samaha promptly admitted to being the man on film, the sources said. The man who shot the video, a member of the Kfouri family, was flown out of the country just before Samaha's arrest over fears for his safety, the sources added. Interior Minister Marwan Charbel said in comments to several media outlets Friday that Samaha admitted to his involvement in a "specific security case, but the issue remains undisclosed." Justice Minister Shakib Qortbawi agreed that the probe is top secret and that "no one knows what is inside." Nevertheless, he warned Friday that authorities will open an investigation to find out who was behind the "leaks." Security sources Thursday told The Daily Star that Samaha admitted he was involved in the plot to carry out bomb attacks and that he had personally transferred a number of explosives from Syria to Lebanon. The sources added that "highly effective" bombs ready to explode by remote control had earlier been found in various areas of Lebanon. The same sources told The Daily Star Friday that after police collected evidence for the case and just before the bombs were set to explode, Acting State Prosecutor Samir Hammoud issued the order to detain Samaha. The ISF Information Branch seized $170,000 from Samaha's residence, added the sources. They said security was beefed up around Hammoud's house in Moseitbeh, Beirut, following Samaha's arrest, as was his official escort. Further information about the would-be attacks indicated that the planting and the timing of the bombs were designed to coincide with a visit to the northern region of Akkar by Maronite Patriarch Beshara Rai. When asked to comment by The Daily Star, Rai declined, but Bkirki issued a statement Friday saying that the patriarch's visit to Tripoli and Akkar would last from Aug. 13 until Aug. 16. Hammoud briefed Prime Minister Najib Mikati Friday on the outcome of the preliminary investigation of Samaha. Mikati urged Hammoud to carry on with the probe "to uncover the truth behind this case and to achieve justice." Also Friday, Future Movement MP Ghazi Youssef hit back at head of the Hezbollah parliamenatary bloc Mohammad Raad, who accused members of the judiciary Thursday of collaborating with "suspicious" security forces against Samaha. In Hezbollah's first response to Samaha's arrest, Raad said Thursday: "We have long experienced such security fabrications; some judges are connected to suspicious security services." Youssef told a local radio station Friday: "The facts of the investigation will reveal that Samaha's arrest is not based on security fabrications." He also asked rhetorically why Hezbollah had not accused the ISF's Information Branch of fabricating evidence "when it arrested many Israeli spies, including those who belong to Hezbollah?" Meanwhile, reactions were divided over the Samaha affair. Controversial Sidon preacher Ahmad Assir said, "The ISF has offered us a precious gift in the last two days, one that makes us hold our heads high." Catholic religious figures expressed disapproval of the way Samaha, a fellow Catholic, was taken into custody. Catholic Patriarch Gregorios III Lahham denounced the "abusive way in which Samaha was arrested and the lack of respect for the sanctity of the home and the dignity of the family." In a telephone call to President Michel Sleiman at his summer residence in Beiteddine, Lahham also said the way Samaha was arrested "tarnishes the reputation of the security institution, which acted in an uncivilized manner." Zahle's Catholic bishop Issam Darwish also condemned the manner in which police apprehended Samaha. "I'm not against any security measures in accordance with the norms of the Lebanese state, but I'm against the way in which [samaha] was detained, regardless of the outcome of the ongoing probe," Darwish said in a statement. Others were stronger in their condemnation of the security forces' behavior. Brig. Gen. Mustafa Hamdan, a pro-Assad general detained by the Special Tribunal for Lebanon and later released, described Samaha's detention as a "kidnapping operation." "The kidnapping of the 11 Lebanese in Syria was carried out by Abu Ibrahim," he said. "Those in Lebanon are carried out by Abu Mazen [information Branch chief Brig. Gen. Wissam al-Hasan]." Hamdan's comments came following a meeting with head of the Free Patriotic Movement Michel Aoun at the latter's residence in Rabieh, north of Beirut. Read more: http://www.dailystar...x#ixzz23BPE3eOx (The Daily Star :: Lebanon News :: http://www.dailystar.com.lb)
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A gentle woodland walk in East Saltoun
Today I went on a gentle woodland walk in East Saltoun where I simply enjoyed a bit of nature. It was far less "exciting" than some of my recent walks, but too much excitement isn't good for a rested soul. Indeed, in recent weeks, as I have ventured out of my Zone of Safety more and more, I have explored many wonderful places with new views and have felt rather "overstimulated" by the end of my days out. But today's walk was "just" through the woods so most of the views were familiar – even if new (a tree is a tree is a tree… mostly).
Because the woods were so much like what I would find back in The Homeland or indeed here on the rural estate where I live, I felt quite relaxed and "at home" in my surroundings the whole time. It meant that I was able to enjoy just being in the space rather than discovering the space. And that is so good for my soul sometimes because it helps me to feel settled and at peace. (Although I really do love exploring new and interesting things, too.)
Of course, I can still manage to find new and interesting things in familiar circumstances – and I still find boundless joy in rediscovering "old" things. That means that I was quite excited to see the "old favourites" in new settings. Like fungus and ponds and thistles and insects.
And as today's walking partner knows how much I like a nice fally-downy old building, there was even a detour to a spot just outside of the woods to explore a ruined cottage that's been turned into a little oasis for the local farmer. It must be a lovely place to sit and enjoy a bit of solitude.
At the end of the walk, we stopped into the local village where we explored the local kirk before enjoying a soda in the sunshine outside of the local shop. It was really a fairly "unadventurous" adventure, but it has left me feeling very settled and happy. The fact that I bagged three geocaches also helped me to feel a bit satisfied, as that gets me closer to one of my 2020 goals!


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March 24, 2021
Provincial funding will help cover the costs of repairing local roads and bridges
HALDIMAND COUNTY— Today, Toby Barrett, MPP for Haldimand Norfolk announced that the Ontario government is providing Haldimand County with up to $4,570,000 to help cover the costs to repair roads, bridges, drainage infrastructure and damage along the shoreline, that were damaged due to the October 2019 flood.
"It's important that our government supports Haldimand County in its efforts to manage the financial impacts of the October 2019 flood," said Toby Barrett, MPP for Haldimand Norfolk. "This funding will help the municipality cover the costs of essential repairs to our washed-out roads, local bridges and critical drainage infrastructure damaged by the flooding."
The funding is being provided through Ontario's Municipal Disaster Recovery Assistance (MDRA) program, which helps municipalities address extraordinary emergency response costs and damage to essential property or infrastructure like bridges, roads and public buildings, as a result of a natural disaster.
"The Municipal Disaster Recovery Assistance program is an important source of funding for municipalities who have suffered extensive damage due to unexpected natural disasters," said Steve Clark, Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing. "The program ensures that municipalities, like Haldimand, do not face unfair financial burdens as a result of natural disasters beyond their control."
- Eligible expenses under the program may include operating and capital costs that are over and above regular municipal budgets and are directly linked to the disaster.
- A municipality may be eligible for the program if its disaster-related costs reach a threshold of three per cent of its own-purpose taxation levy.
- Build Back Better pilot project through 2023, which helps eligible municipalities that have qualified for disaster recovery assistance rebuild infrastructure damaged by extreme weather to a higher standard.
Municipal Disaster Recovery Assistance Guidelines
For more information, contact MPP Toby Barrett at 519-428-0446 or [email protected]


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Primitive tribes helped topple the powerful Roman Empire. Did attacks on the U.S. by Islamist extremists 20 years ago augur the end of a superpower?
The Statue of Liberty and New York City's skyline as smoke rises from the ruins of the Twin Towers, four days after the 9/11 attacks, 15 September 2001 (AP Photo/Dan Loh)
This is the third in a series of articles reflecting, 20 years after the events, on the September 11, 2001 attacks by Islamist extremists on the United States. The two earlier articles examined the effects of the 9/11 attacks on New Yorkers and how young people need historical context to understand the events.
The author of this article, Gene Gibbons, covered six U.S. presidents during his career with Reuters and UPI. He recently published a book entitled "Breaking News: A Life in Journalism."
The parallels are eerie.
Ancient Rome, a superpower with sophisticated governance and a fearsome military, brought to its knees by a primitive rabble basically armed with sticks and stones.
The United States of America, an even more awesome colossus, knocked off its pinnacle two thousand years later by a small group of Islamist extremists who turned airliners into guided missiles, an unanticipated form of asymmetrical warfare.
As we mark the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks by Islamist extremists on the United States, one wonders if al Qaeda succeeded beyond its wildest dreams, rivalling what the Visigoths accomplished.
For the Roman Empire, it was death by a thousand cuts.
The Germanic tribes, now collectively known as the Visigoths or Vandals, harassed Rome for years, of course, before the Roman Empire collapsed. It was death by a thousand cuts also brought on by pride, corruption, strategic over-reach and other political mistakes.
In the 20 years since jihadists headed by Osama bin Laden mounted an astonishing assault on the centers of U.S. financial and political power, a similar unravelling arguably has occurred in the United States.
I think we Americans tend to forget what a psychic shock the attacks delivered to our nation. That's understandable. 9/11 occurred a generation ago.
But in the immediate aftermath, there were widespread fears that a second wave of attacks was inevitable, possibly involving radiation-spewing "dirty bombs" or even a nuclear device. Those fears were taken seriously at the highest levels in Washington.
Radiation-sniffing airplanes flew over the U.S. capital, and presumably other major cities, at regular intervals. Air travel became and continues to be an ordeal, with pre-boarding searches and onboard passenger vigilance of anyone who looks strange or acts suspiciously. The latter behavior paid off on two separate occasions in the years just after 9/11 when would-be militants tried to set off explosives on U.S.-bound international flights.
The public paranoia has had enormous U.S. political consequences, setting off a chain reaction that, I believe, largely brought us to where we are today: a confused, fearful, badly divided country where the default response to even the most minor problem is to lash out against fellow Americans and the international community. A country that has lost its way.
Xenophobia and nativism have always been simmering ingredients of our politics, but they're now at a boiling point.
Domestically, the 9/11 attacks brought The Patriot Act, legislation that authorized previously unthinkable invasions of privacy. There was the militarization of local police, who were showered with battlefield equipment and who, in many locales, often began acting like occupying troops rather than peace officers sworn to serve and protect the citizenry.
Those were among a number of well-intentioned actions that have helped fuel increasing distrust of government and accelerating public unrest.
After 9/11, many believe the U.S. superpower committed strategic errors.
In foreign policy, many informed observers believe the al Qaeda attacks on September 11, 2001 triggered a cascading series of strategic errors, starting with Afghanistan.
The initial U.S. mission was clear: track down bin Laden and topple the Taliban. Before accomplishing either — bin Laden escaped to bedevil America for another decade and the Taliban went underground — the mission became a grand vision: remake Afghanistan in America's image, secure equal rights for girls and women, improve Afghan health and education and better Afghan living conditions.
While they were at it, U.S. policymakers decided to try to make the volatile Middle East safe for democracy by ousting Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq. The Gulf region became the priority, Afghanistan a backwater.
The Iraq adventure backfired by empowering Washington's nemesis Iran and giving rise to the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), which aims to establish a caliphate, or fundamentalist Muslim theocracy, throughout the region that once was the Ottoman Empire. Like a deadly cancer that might be held in check for awhile only to reappear in a patient as an even more lethal threat, ISIS now seems to be metastasizing.
Historians cite the Battle of Adrianople in present-day Turkey, ironically the same general region where the United States lately has come to grief, as the death blow of ancient Rome. In that battle in 378 A.D., the Goths overwhelmed an over-confident Roman emperor, Flavius Valens, and slaughtered him and two-thirds of his numerically superior force.
On U.S. cable television and in social media — a modern-day equivalent of Rome's Agora as a forum for the discussion of public issues — a full-throated blame game now ranges over the wreckage of post-9/11 American policy. It makes the venomous political atmosphere that already exists in the United States because of economic, racial and cultural differences even more poisonous. The same thing happened in Ancient Rome.
"The past is never dead. It's not even past," novelist William Faulkner famously remarked. Is history repeating itself? The evidence suggests there's much cause for concern.
Questions to consider:
- What happened in the United States on September 11, 2001?
- The author says many experts believe the United States committed strategic errors after 9/11. What errors?
- Do you believe that the United States is losing its superpower status? If so, why?
Gene Gibbons covered U.S. Presidents Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, George H.W. Bush and Clinton during his career with Reuters and UPI. He was past president of the Radio-Television Correspondents Association and served as a Presidential Debate panelist in 1992 and as a Joan M. Shorenstein Fellow at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government in 2010. An ex-U.S. Army officer, he once served as press aide to U.S. Vice President Hubert Humphrey. He is the author of the book "Breaking News: A Life in Journalism."


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With the All-Star break over, it's time for the NHL playoff races to intensify. Every week, we'll provide updates for each division's outlook. The biggest contenders and/or closest races will receive the greatest amount of attention.
Bold = playoff contender; Italics = likely lottery fodder.
Northeast Division outlook (February 3-9th)
1. Boston (29-15-7 for 65 pts; 51 Games Played)
Current streak: Two wins.
Week ahead: Three home games: vs. Dallas (Thursday), vs. San Jose (Saturday), Montreal (Wednesday).
Thoughts: On the bright side, the Bruins begin a four game homestand. The bad news, though, is that the competition is stiff and they'll face seven straight away games to finish February.
2. Montreal (29-18-5 for 63 pts; 52 GP)
Current streak: Two wins.
Week ahead: home vs. Rangers (Sat), home vs. New Jersey (Sun), @ Boston (Wed).
Thoughts: This series of games is actually a part of two back-to-backs, as the Canadiens will play the Islanders a week from today. Each set involves a game against a playoff-caliber team followed by a match against a cellar dweller, although the Devils and Isles have been playing better lately.
Current streak: Won two in a row.
Week ahead: @ Pittsburgh (Fri), vs. Toronto (Sat), @ Florida (Tues).
Thoughts: The Sabres are making some headway, as they won four of their last five games. They also end February with a six game homestand, so this is their chance to sneak back into the playoff picture.
4. Toronto Maple Leafs (20-25-5 for 45 pts; 50 GP)
Current streak: One win in a row.
Week ahead: Home vs. Carolina (Thurs), @ Buffalo (Sat), home against Atlanta (Mon), @ Islanders (Tues).
Thoughts: Well, if nothing else, they're doing better than the Senators right now.
5. Ottawa Senators (17-27-8 for 42 pts; 52 GP)
Current streak: Eight straight losses. (Yikes.)
Week ahead: Three road games - vs. Isles (Sat), vs. Vancouver (Mon), vs. Calgary (Wed).
Thoughts: This team lost an astonishing 14 out of their last 15 games. If that's not a sign that it's time to start selling off veterans and other pricey players, I don't know what is.


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It is, of course, the season for "back to school" posts. And, here at InstantCard, we'd be remiss were we not to join in. Most other posts, however, focus on the present—things which might make the back to school season a little less hectic for you. We are more interested in making things run more smoothly a little further down the road—during late enrollment season.
It is likely that your school uses its photo company to provide ID cards. This makes a lot of sense. So much sense, in fact, that we have no interest in trying to convince you to switch to InstantCard for these IDs (I mean, if you really wanted to, we wouldn't argue; but it probably makes less sense for your school).
The problem with this arrangement, as you may already be well aware, is those single cards needed mid-year due to late enrollment. May we be so bold as to propose that you come to us for these cards. Since we have no minimum batch size, it's easy to order single cards when you need them. Additionally, you may upload the same template which your regular card provider uses so all ID badges will look identical.
You may set up your account now, so when the time comes you're ready. With one click (maybe two, but no more than three), you'll have cards for those late enrollments shipped same-day.


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QR Codes
QR codes (Quick Response codes) are a type of two dimensional barcode that is most commonly used as a reference to a website or application that contains further information about the item.
Setting up your Website
To have a QR Code launch a public website URL with information on a particular item, you need to have the Online Store module activated. We can incorporate your Online Store URL into the QR Code so the specific item details are launched in the Online Store site. You don't need to use the full Online Store features, however the item information page will be launched from this site, so the module must be activated, unless you are hosting your own public site with informational pages.
Customising QR Code Labels
In a future update, we will be adding the ability to print QR codes as standard, however this can be achieved currently via a customised barcode label template. See the Custom Reports Templates help doc for further information on customising templates.
Printing QR Code Labels
After your QR Code Labels have been customised to suit your printer (roll or sheet) paper type and dimensions, you can print out your labels as per the Barcode help doc.
Mobile Phones
iPhones, Samsung Phones, and several other Android phones nativity support QR scanning, to try it, just open your camera app and point your phone at a QR code.


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Zazo Ruiz, Javier (2012) Distributed Energy-Saving Algorithms for Wireless Networks. Masters thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth.
Download (1MB)
The rapid growth of wireless networks has led to increasing interest in designing new algorithms that can efficiently reduce the energy consumption of routers and other devices. We present a new formulation of the Network Flow problem that takes into account the energy consumption of the data flows, and reduces the overall network energy expenditure. We introduce an energy model for wireless connections and analyse its validity with real measurements. Then we propose a convex optimization problem that establishes energy constraints on the links, and encourages energy savings that induce sparsity (shut-off of links). We propose several algorithms that can be computed in a distributed fashion for different types of capacity constraints. Finally we justify the sparsity of the solution by using the theory of proximal methods and present simulations for different scenarios. Our algorithms have application both in wired networks as well as in TDMA and 802.11 wireless networks.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
Keywords: | Distributed Energy-Saving Algorithms; Wireless Networks; |
Academic Unit: | Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > Hamilton Institute |
Item ID: | 4483 |
Depositing User: | IR eTheses |
Date Deposited: | 12 Sep 2013 14:48 |
Use Licence: | This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here |
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text: Alan and Jim talk about the ins and outs of making applications run faster and scale to handle lots of users. We compare the two choices for scaling applications: Vertical scaling (adding more resources to existing machines), versus Horizontal scaling (spreading the load across multiple machines). We also discuss Amazon's AWS and EC2 platforms versus Microsoft Azure.


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The Tech United footballers are on a roll. The TU/e football robots have already won three matches and drew today in the knock-out phase of the World Championship in Hefei in China.
This puts the Eindhoven robot team in first place in the first part of the knock-out phase.
There have been major changes to the rules of the Robocup this year. Aggressive attacks, attacks from behind and inciting throw-ins will be penalised this year for the first time. Given that Tech United is known for its technical play, these new rules could favour the Eindhoven team.
The aim of the Robocup is to speed up development of robotics through competition.
The TU/e team is the current world champion, having won last year in Brazil. The tournament was held in Eindhoven two years ago. The university plans to organise its own robot football competition next year.
Source: Studio040
Translated by: Lizzie Kean, Translator


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As most of us continue to observe the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have turned to online shopping for food, groceries, and other essentials. This promotes the social distancing recommendation by health officials to curb the spread of the virus. However, since your orders are packaged, transported, and delivered by humans, how safe are they?
Although there is no current evidence to support that the virus can be transmitted through food and groceries, we do know that the virus can stay on surfaces for a long period.
For cooked food, the risk of transmission might be very low, the same cannot be said for takeout containers, groceries in plastic or paper bag packs.
Another issue is the delivery person. If at this point, the food and grocery platform you patronize has not implemented 'Contactless deliveries', they are putting you and other customers at risk.
Since the outbreak, food and grocery delivery platforms around the world have switched their delivery style to 'contactless'.
Jumia, for instance, announced the implementation of 'contactless delivery' for prepaid packages on the platform across Africa.
The eCommerce giant has instructed its riders to call or text the customer when they arrive, drop off the package at their doorstep and wait for the customer to pick the package, from a safe distance, before leaving.
Related Article: COVID-19: How Jumia is supporting Governments' Fight against the Pandemic in Africa
Coronavirus: Online Shopping & Delivery Safety
Insist on Cashless Payment
The idea of a contactless delivery is pointless if you still have to exchange cash with the delivery person for the items delivered.
Jumia, for instance, encourages customers to use the JumiaPay option for cashless payments. This will ensure that there is no form of physical contact between the delivery person and customers.
Leave Delivery Instructions
Although Jumia and a few other eCommerce and online grocery stores have implemented 'contactless' deliveries, there is still a tonne of others that haven't.
So, if you're ordering your groceries from any online store that hasn't implemented 'contactless' delivery or any measure that helps curbs the spread of the virus through deliveries, you should leave delivery instructions: the delivery person should drop-off the package at your doorstep.
Wash After Pickup
Wash your hands after picking up your deliveries, dispose of all delivery bags, food takeout containers, and also disinfect tables and other surfaces you place them on.
Also, you should wash items like fruits and other items that can be washed since they are handpicked by the delivery person — they could carry the virus.
Related Article: 5 Platforms to Order Food and Groceries Online in Nigeria
Stay Safe
As you practice these coronavirus online shopping safety tips to keep your deliveries safe from the virus, you should also check out top authentic platforms where you can keep track of Coronavirus online and get factual information about the COVID-19 pandemic. You can share with colleagues, family, and friends, as we all try to stay safe.


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On the occasion of the Fibonacci Day the Museo Galileo and the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale of Florence (BNCF) are launching online Liber abbaci, a treatise by the great mathematician Fibonacci also known as Leonardo Pisano (Pisa, ca. 1170 circa – ca. 1242). Liber abbaci can be rightfully considered one of the most important works in the history of Western mathematics since it introduced the Hindu-Arabic numeral system into Europe.
We would like to acknowledge the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (MiBACT) and the BNCF for permitting us to publish online the full digital reproduction of the MS Conv. Soppr. C.I.2616, which is preserved in the BNCF and is one of the nineteen known manuscript copies of Fibonacci's work.


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The Phonetics of Great Smoky Mountain Speech
Shortly after Hall completed his dissertation at Columbia University in 1942, it was published by Columbia University Press, in the American Dialect Society's short-lived monograph series. Three-quarters of a century later, it remains not just the only comprehensive account of the pronunciation of an Appalachian variety of English, but also the only one of any American variety of the language. It remains a remarkable achievement still of great value to students of the region's speech.
To access the detailed table of contents, see:
To access the text, see:


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It is with great pleasure we can announce the launch the first version of The Society of Will Writers Member's Manual!
This is a project which began in 2018, before being shelved and then revitalised by the SWW Professional Standards Board after they regrouped in 2019. The project led by PSB Vice Chairman Simon Brimage is the first to be completed by the board and demonstrates their commitment to supporting the Society in further developing and improving standards across the membership.
On the completion of the manual, Simon had this to say:
In writing the Members' Manual, I have made a concerted effort for you to get the most from your membership. I have included hyperlinks for ease of use and kept each section as short and precise as possible. This manual demonstrates the true support that you receive as a member from the Society and the Professional Standards Board.
SWW Director Anthony Belcher echoed that:
This manual is part of the Society's wider plan to improve communication with members. Launching this first version is a great step towards providing members with clear, structured, and relevant guidance. This manual will be key in helping our members get the most out of their membership and in turn supporting them in terms of compliance and consumer needs.
Members can access the handbook by logging into the Member's Area of the website and clicking the 'Member's Manual' button. A .pdf copy can also be downloaded from the same page.
The manual contains information on a wide range of topics, including information about the Society, membership, technical advice, partners, benefits, business guidance and much more. It will be a working document and along with the PSB we will update it as is necessary.
We encourage all members to read and refer to the manual when needed and welcome all feedback that you may have so that we can expand and improve the manual going forwards.


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If you're in the need for some speed, then look no further than these thrilling slot games! Whether you enjoy getting behind the wheel or riding on the back of a motorcycle, these online Slots are sure to get your heart racing.
When you open your browser to your favorite online casino site, to play casino games on Paddy Power for example, it may be hard to choose which game to play next. So, we've done the hard work for you, and put together the top games for all the fellow petrol heads out there!
Racing Wilds Slot Game
Zooming straight to your screens, this fast and furious game from Cayetano brings to life the world of street racing in the form a slot game.
You'll be dazzled by the bright, neon theme and immersive imagery that the game has to offer. Start your engines and be in with a chance of winning pay-outs of up to 100 times your stake!
With an impressive 10 ways to win, the five slots are full to the brim with vivid symbols. The familiar card symbols ranging from 10 to Ace make up the lowest value icons on the reels – and match the bright and beautiful metropolitan vibes of the game.
They are joined by car-themed icons that ascend in value, including a motorcycle helmet, a wheel rim, biker gloves and an exhaust. There are also three different coloured Wild symbols to look out for, with each one heating things up in their own way.
Represented by stylish women on the back of a motorbike, the Wilds are themed by colour – green, pink and blue – and expand across the whole of the reel. Only one green Wild can land per spin, but the blue Wild can stick in place for up to three spins. The pink Wild is even more thrilling, as it will grant you 10 free spins, if it graces the screen.
Want to win the race and ultimately even bigger prizes? Then you'll be looking to land all three Racing Wilds on the reels at the same time! It's time to rev that engine and see what the Slots have in store for you.
Hotline 2 Slot Game
The sequel to the popular Hotline game from NetEnt, this slot game still brings you everything you enjoy about classic 80s cop shows, but with bigger, brighter and bolder gameplay.
Hotline 2 is all about fast cars, busting criminals and picking up the reward for matching its symbols. With thrilling new features and play starting from as little as 0.30 coins, this slot game will sure to have your meter racing! Plus, you could be in with the chance of winning up to a whopping 5,184 times your bet, with an incredible 1,944 ways to win!
Join detectives Quinn and Riviera, as all the exciting action takes place in the setting of sunny Miami. You'll find the ultimate nostalgic symbols of a crime TV drama, such as priceless jewellery, stolen gems, neon flamingo symbols, and members of the police department.
But we all known you're here for the exciting high-speed car chases, and so you'll be glad to know that these sleek and quick cars act as the Wild in this slot game. Find them skidding onto your reels and they'll substitute all other symbols, except the Scatter.
Talking of the Scatter, this is represented by those 80s style flamingos – land three of them on the Slots and you'll receive up to the lucky number of seven spins. So, buckle up as the chase is on for the ultimate jackpot in Hotline 2.


text: Senming has rich experiences in producing wire mesh filter fittings including welded wire mesh tubes and cylinders. Mainly used in petroleum, chemical industry, pharmacy, foodstuff and water treatment. Major materials used are stainless steel woven wire mesh, perforated metal, expanded metal and metal fiber web. The outside sizes and filtration rating can be custom made


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"Yes, verily the plot of Shayṭān is weak. America came to Iraq leading a frenzied crusade, in its sleeve a new map of what they call the 'Middle East.' It came with all its forcefulness and all of its iron (weaponry), with all of its pride and all of its arrogance. It gathered all of its allies and mobilised all of its aircraft and its fleets, and it brought its horses and its soldiers. The Crusaders thought that no one would be able to overcome them; however Allah the Mighty and Majestic disgraced them and showed us the weakness of their plot. The flame of Jihad was stoked, the Crusade campaign was broken and the Islamic State was established in spite of the villains, and America was expelled (from Iraq) disgraced and driven away, dragging their tails between their legs, defeated and broken, leaving in its wake a map of the Islamic State, ready to redraw the world upon the Prophetic manhaj (way) methodology of the [caliphate]. So verily, the [Islamic] State, with the favour of Allah alone, becomes stronger day after day. Its authority has not ceased since it was founded, by the favour of Allah, and its conquests shall not cease, with the permission of Allah, until the cross is smashed, the swine is killed and the Jizyah (tax for people of the book) is imposed, and there will be no fitnah (tribulation) on Earth and the Rule shall be for Allah alone completely.
"And so [Sunni Muslims] in Iraq, verily you should know the truth, and it is that there is no coexistence or peace with the Rawāfiḍ (Shiite Muslims.) You have seen the truth of this matter in the squares of Hawijah, in the mosques of Baʿqūbah, in the market places of Mosul and
Samarrā', in the villages of Laṭīfiyyah, in the neighbourhoods of Buhriz, Ramādī and Fallūjah, and what follows is more disastrous and more bitter. It is time that you be aware [sic] that the polytheist Rāfiḍah are the most evil to tread upon this earth, more evil than the Jews and the Crusaders. It is time that you disbelieve in democracy which will not bring better than what it has brought upon you in the past lean years. It will bring nothing upon you but shame and disgrace. It is time for you to know that democracy is nothing but a tool and method by which the Ṭawāghīt (tyrants) are empowered and by which they wage war upon the Religion of Allah. It is time that you reject your treacherous politicians, who have only been working for their own personal and private benefits, the ones who through voting for them, you gained nothing but humiliation, degradation and oppression."Aaron Y. Zelin, "al-Furqān Media presents a new audio message from the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Shām's Shaykh Abū Muḥammad al 'Adnānī al-Shāmī: 'He Will Surely Establish For Them [Therein] Their Religion Which He Has Preferred For Them,'" Jihadology, last modified April 19, 2014, http://jihadology.net/2014/04/03/al-furqan-media-presents-a-new-audio-message-from-the-islamic-state-of-iraq-and-al-shams-shaykh-abu-mu%E1%B8%A5ammad-al-adnani-al-shami-he-will-surely-establish-for-them-therein.


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Diamond Naturals - Large Breed Adult Dog Chicken & Rice Formula Dry Dog Food
Diamond Naturals Large Breed Adult Dog Chicken & Rice Formula
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*Nutrient levels large breeds need to thrive
*Glucosamine and chondroitin for joints
*Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids for skin and coat
*Enhanced with superfoods and guaranteed probiotics
Chicken, chicken meal, whole grain brown rice, cracked pearled barley, ground white rice, rice bran, grain sorghum, dried yeast, chicken fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols), egg product, dried beet pulp, natural flavor, flaxseed, potassium chloride, salt, DL-Methionine, choline chloride, taurine, glucosamine hydrochloride, dried chicory root, L-Carnitine, kale, chia seed, pumpkin, blueberries, oranges, quinoa, dried kelp, coconut, spinach, carrots, papaya, yucca schidigera extract, dried Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product, dried Bacillus subtilis fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product, dried Enterococcus faecium fermentation product, dried Bifidobacterium animalis fermentation product, vitamin E supplement, beta carotene, chondroitin sulfate, iron proteinate, zinc proteinate, copper proteinate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodide, thiamine mononitrate, manganese proteinate, manganous oxide, ascorbic acid, vitamin A supplement, biotin, niacin, calcium pantothenate, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, pyridoxine hydrochloride, vitamin B12 supplement, riboflavin, vitamin D supplement, folic acid.
Contains a source of live (viable), naturally occurring microorganisms.
Shop with confidence when you shop at Southern Agriculture. All of our items are in stock and ship from Tulsa, Oklahoma. If you have any questions you can email us at firstname.lastname@example.com
Would you prefer to shop in-store? We have six locations located in Tulsa, Broken Arrow, and Owasso, Oklahoma.


text: The Iowa Student Loan Liquidity Corporation says Iowans living indesignated disaster areas who have student loans can delay payments on theloans. Loan Service Manager Jeanine Cloyd-Voelker says you can get anthree-month extension by simply calling and asking. She says you may be ableto get an extension longer when the innitial three months runs out.Cloyd-Voelker says anyone still paying on a loan through the corporation iseligible.To request a loan extension you can call 1-800-243-7552. Fifteen Iowacounties have been declared federal disaster areas due to May's storms andfloods.


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To access new patient intake forms or to make a payment online, please go to our For Patients tab above.
620-271-0700 | Request an Appointment
1800 Palace Drive, Suite C
Garden City, KS 67846
Map & Directions
Monday – Thursday: 7 am – 6 pm
Friday: 7 am – 5 pm
Closed Weekends & Holidays
At Accelacare, we treat a variety of conditions and provide advanced treatments and services for physical therapy and occupational services, including a specialized Women's Health Program and WorkSTEPS functional testing to name a few. Our team knows how to listen to your body – and to you. Working with you one-on-one, we deliver expert, highly personalized care to:
- Reduce pain and inflammation
- Increase movement
- Rebuild strength
- Improve posture
- Correct body mechanics
- Improve quality of life
Take a Look at Our New Covid-19 page below for additional information.
Date: March 27, 2021 (Online)
Thoughts, Ideas, and Opinions that Make you a Competent Clinician
Presenter: Dr. Bryan Barker, PT, DPT, FAAOMPT (see bio)
Topic: How to take a good subjective; Pain types and why it matters; How to explain what's wrong with a patient.
Please click here to view the presenter schedule.
The registration for this event is now open. Please click here to book your place.
Upon registration you will receive a Zoom meeting ID and link that will be used for education sessions.


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... you can learn from:
The Handmaiden (2016)
Lady Hideko: Men are disgusting.Why do you always think of those things?Count Fujiwara: You're asking me about how I think?You think that all I'm interested in is your body? Is that so?You definitely have been reading too many of those eroticwritings! If there's anything I do want from you it's notyour eyes, hands, or ass, but your money. You having the firstis money. Talking and teasing an aristocrat like you is so fun!
A happy 43rd birthday to South Korean actor Jung-woo Ha, who played the sexy but awful Count in Park Chan-wook's glorious lesbian romance caper The Handmaiden. I know the Count is awful but Ha looks so good in those period costumes, you guys. I can't help myself. At least I'm not lusting after the Uncle, for god's sake. Anyway...
... I haven't seen any of his movies since The Handmaiden came out in 2016 but pre-2016 movies of his I have seen and recommend: The Yellow Sea and The Chaser, both wildly compelling action flicks from The Wailing director Hong-jin Na (also see The Wailing, a wild horror flick, while you're at it). See more of Jung-woo Ha at this link!


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If You're Looking for a Basic Work Truck, You Might Want to Consider This Ford F-150
Modern pickup trucks are quite luxurious. And while that makes them more usable day-to-day, more features also means more things that can fail. Today, it's hard to find even a base Ford F-150 work truck that doesn't have Android Auto or Apple CarPlay. That's one reason why the demand for classic trucks is growing, and why Nissan's Frontier is so popular: the technology is older, but it's simpler. Which is why Kansas-based Long McArthur Ford, creator of the F-350 Mac Truck and F-250 Baja 1000, built the Ford F-150 Cattleman Edition.
What makes the Ford F-150 Cattleman Edition a good work truck?
The F-150 Cattleman is basically a throwback to bare-bones trucks of the past.
Starting with the 5.0-liter V8-equipped F-150 XL 4×4 regular cab, Long McArthur Ford lifts the front suspension by 2". The dealer then fits 18" wheels, Fuel 35" off-road tires, and a Ranchhand front grill guard.
Because this is a work truck, the F-150 Cattleman comes with a spray-in bed liner, and a window tint to help with the hot sun. The dealer also installs running boards and a Class IV trailer hitch.
As a base-trim, the XL comes standard with cloth seating, manual doors, and manual locks. Long McArthur Ford doesn't upgrade the standard AM/FM radio, but the dealer does equip its Cattleman trucks with the no-cost vinyl seating, which is easier to clean than cloth. The XL trim now offers a rear-view camera and pre-collision assistance with automatic emergency braking.
Even the color choice is pared down. Only white, red, and blue are available. The only other change is two "Cattleman" graphics on the back.
How much does it cost?
According to Motor1, the Cattleman package can be fitted to any new or used F-150. Doing so, the package comes in at $5,995. The package comes with a 3-year/36,000-mile warranty.
As of this writing, Long McArthur Ford has 3 Ford F-150 Cattleman work trucks available for just under $40,000. That's just the price of the package added to the base cost of the F-150 4×4 XL. Add in the cost of the trailer hitch, V8, bed liner, and 4×4 system, and it's also how much a new F-150 XLT 4×4 stickers at.
But then, with the XLT there's more electronics that can break. And based on how many problems F-150 owners have had with their radios, the simpler model's radio may be less of a headache.
How does the Ford F-150 Cattleman Edition compare to other full-size work trucks?
Although the F-150 Cattleman's simplicity is desirable, other work trucks have beaten Ford's full-size truck in comparison. Motor Trend ranked the Ram 1500 Tradesman above the F-150 XL. Roughly equal in price, MT found the Ram had a better ride and interior.
The Silverado 1500 WT also ranked higher in MT's test. Though its ride quality was worse, the Silverado was cheaper, and its bed had more hooks, standard built-in steps, and a standard powered and damped tailgate.
Cheaper than all these, though, is the Ram 1500 Classic. Based on the older version of the Ram 1500's platform, it doesn't offer all the same features. However, the Classic does get the Ram's coil-spring suspension, some of the same engines—including the Hemi V8—and its cargo management system. There are also several upgrade packages available. One of them, the Warlock, even comes with a lift kit.
However, despite falling short against some other new work trucks, the Ford F-150 Cattleman work truck is better than buying a classic truck where safety is involved. In addition to the AEB and forward-collision warning, the F-150 Cattleman also comes with airbags.
Follow more updates from MotorBiscuit on our Facebook page.


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Katy Leakey, Empowering Maasai Women in Kenya
One of the great things about the Fair Trade Federation Conference each year is getting to hear the stories of some of our artisan partners in person and in full detail. This year Katy Leakey of The Leakey Collection was the first Plenary Speaker. She addressed the whole conference, telling the story of how they began their work with the Maasai women of Kenya and the empowerment that they now have. It was fascinating to hear their story. Even though Fair Trade Winds and Momentum has been carrying Zulugrass jewelry for many years, I didn't quite know everything about them!
Katy and her husband Philip have lived in Kenya for many years. They witnessed the devastating effects of long-term drought on the Maasai livelihood — raising cattle. The cattle were the responsibility of the Maasai men, and the women were left to care for the children with no opportunity for other work. When the men struggled with the cattle, the families' well-being suffered. The Leakeys came up with a way for the women to work, creating jewelry out of reeds that would otherwise be burned to make room for grass that the cows eat. The reeds are cut and dyed and made into "beads," called Zulugrass, and the Leakey Collection was born.
The Leakey Collection is set up so that the Maasai women are entrepreneurs, not employees. They take Zulugrass kits back to the bush and employ others to help them, working as much or as little as they are able to accommodate the nomadic nature of the Maasai. The Leakeys' sensitivity to the pastoral ways of the Maasai perfectly exemplifies the 9th fair trade principle: Respect Cultural Identity. The Leakeys do not require the Maasai women to come to a workshop to work, but allow them to work in the pastures, wherever they happen to be.
On the morning of the first payment, there were 30 women present. The Leakeys called the women's names, but only a few stood to claim their payment. Eventually, they realized that the women must have changed their names since they began working. In the Maasai culture, a woman's name reflects where she comes from and where she stands in the society and can change overtime as she sees fit. Today, the Leakeys have a unique system to ensure each woman comes to collect payment.
When the women were finally paid that first morning, they received a 1,000 shilling note, but were so unfamiliar with that amount of money that they tore the notes up. The Maasai women thought money was only coins; they had never seen paper money. The Leakeys educated them about how to handle the money. Today, each artisan has a bank account, no matter how small, and can transfer money with a cell phone. This is much more secure for the women.
Another difficulty the Leakeys encountered in the beginning phases was that the men wanted to take the money the women earned. Eventually, the men realized that when the women got paid, they used the money to buy food, medical supplies, and send their children to school. The men then could keep the cattle earnings for other things, and so they accepted that the women would become more self-reliant.
The Leakeys have come a long way since that first morning with 30 women. Living in Kenya, the Leakeys show an inspiring commitment to the continued empowerment and well-being of the Maasai. They have seen firsthand both the devastating nature of climate on the Maasai's livelihood and also the intelligence, resilience, and growing happiness of the Maasai women as they work to improve their lives. This is what fair trade is all about — a true commitment to people, as it is so much more than just a fair wage.
[button colour="orange" type="slightlyroundedarrow" size="large" link="https://www.fairtradewinds.net//fair-trade-brands/the-leakey-collection/" target="_self"]Shop Zulugrass Jewelry from The Leakey Collection[/button]
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Here, I give a quick review of the concept of a Martingale. A Martingale is a sequence of random variables satisfying a specific expectation conservation law. If one can identify a Martingale relating to some other sequence of random variables, its use can sometimes make quick work of certain expectation value evaluations.
This note is adapted from Chapter 2 of Stochastic Calculus and Financial Applications, by Steele.
Often in random processes, one is interested in characterizing a sequence of random variables \(\{X_i\}\). The example we will keep in mind is a set of variables \(X_i \in \{-1, 1\}\) corresponding to the steps of an unbiased random walk in one-dimension. A Martingale process \(M_i = f(X_1, X_2, \ldots X_i)\) is a derived random variable on top of the \(X_i\) variables satisfying the following conservation law
For example, in the unbiased random walk example, if we take \(S_n = \sum_{i=1}^n X_i\), then \(E(S_n) = S_{n-1}\), so \(S_n\) is a Martingale. If we can develop or identify a Martingale for a given \(\{X_i\}\) process, it can often help us to quickly evaluate certain expectation values relating to the underlying process. Three useful Martingales follow.
- Again, the sum \(S_n = \sum_{i=1}^n X_i\) is a Martingale, provided \(E(X_i) = 0\) for all \(i\).
- The expression \(S_n^2 - n \sigma^2\) is a Martingale, provided \(E(X_i) = 0\) and \(E(X_i^2) = \sigma^2\) for all \(i\). Proof: \begin{align} \tag{2} E(S_n^2 | X_1, \ldots X_{n-1}) &= \sigma^2 + 2 E(X_n) S_{n-1} + S_{n-1}^2 - n \sigma^2\\ &= S_{n-1}^2 - (n-1) \sigma^2. \end{align}
- The product \(P_n = \prod_{i=1}^n X_i\) is a Martingale, provided \(E(X_i) = 1\) for all \(i\). One example of interest is
\begin{align} \tag{3} P_n = \frac{\exp \left ( \lambda \sum_{i=1}^n X_i\right)}{E(\exp \left ( \lambda X \right))^n}. \end{align}Here, \(\lambda\) is a free tuning parameter. If we choose a \(\lambda\) such that \(E(\exp(\lambda X)) = 1\) for our process, we can get a particularly simple form.
Stopped processes
In some games, we may want to setup rules that say we will stop the game at time \(\tau\) if some condition is met at index \(\tau\). For example, we may stop a random walk (initialized at zero) if the walker gets to either position \(A\) or \(-B\) (wins \(A\) or loses \(B\)). This motivates defining the stopped Martingale as,
Here, we prove that if \(M_n\) is a Martingale, then so is $M_{n \wedge \tau} $. This is useful because it will tell us that the stopped Martingale has the same conservation law as the unstopped version.
First, we note that if \(A_i \equiv f_2(X_1, \ldots X_{i-1})\) is some function of the observations so far, then the transformed process
is also a Martingale. Proof:
With this result we can prove the stopped Martingale is also a Martingale. We can do that by writing \(A_i = 1(\tau \geq i)\) — where \(1\) is the indicator function. Plugging this into the above, we get the transformed Martingale,
This is the stopped Martingale — indeed a Martingale, by the above.
Example applications
Problem 1
Consider an unbiased random walker that takes steps of size \(1\). If we stop the walk as soon as he reaches either \(A\) or \(-B\), what is the probability that he is at \(A\) when the game stops?
Solution: Let \(\tau\) be the stopping time and let \(S_n = \sum_{i=1}^n X_i\) be the walker's position at time \(n\). We know that \(S_n\) is a Martingale. By the above, so then is \(S_{n \wedge \tau}\), the stopped process Martingale. By the Martingale property
for all \(i\). In particular, plugging in \(i = 0\) gives \(E(S_{n \wedge \tau}) = 0\). If we take \(n \to \infty\), then
But we also have
Equating (9) and (10) gives
Problem 2
In the game above, what is the expected stopping time? Solution: Use the stopped version of the Martingale \(S_n^2 - n \sigma^2\).
Problem 3
In a biased version of the random walk game, what is the probability of stopping at \(A\)? Solution: Use the stopped Martingale of form \(P_n = \frac{\exp \left ( \lambda \sum_{i=1}^n X_i\right)}{E(\exp \left ( \lambda X \right))^n}\), with \(\exp[\lambda] = q/p\), where \(p = 1-q\) is the probability of step to the right.