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Table of Contents
Have You Youth Concerts in Your Community?
Music and the Dawn of a New Day
Making of a Name (interview with Arthur Judson)
Wartime Musical London, Paris and Brussels
Begin the Year with Music
Creating a Character in Opera (interview with Friedrich Schorr)
Dreams of Old Musical Vienna: How Musical History Was Made Over Cups of Coffee
Musical Triumphs in Motion Pictures: A History of the Art, from Jazz Singer to Today1
Current Films with Worth While Music
Making Five Finger Piano Technic Vital: A Highly Instructive Article for Younger Teachers
Training the Hands for Definite Goals
Why Not a Mother's Study Group: A Record of One Teacher's Experiment with Mothers of Pre-School Children with Suggestions for an Interesting Project That Brings Extra Income to the Teacher
Practical Hints in Melody Writing
Master Lesson—Chopin's Nocturne Op. 32, No. 2
Pedal Problems for Little Folks
Publication Date
Theodore Presser Company
Lynchburg, VA
youth, drum majorette, Verna Shaffer
Composition | Music | Music Pedagogy | Music Performance
Monthly departmental articles (e.g. Violin Questions, Band and Orchestra Department, etc.) have been omitted from the Table of Contents as well as monthly miscellany (e.g. World of Music, New Records, etc.). For a detailed index of articles, see Dr. Pam Dennis's An Index to Articles Published in The Etude Magazine, 1883-1957 Part 1 and Part 2 (published by A-R Editions and the Music Library Association). An index to the musical scores included in each issue may be found in Dr. Douglas Bomberger's An Index to Music Published in The Etude Magazine, 1883–1957 (also published by the Music Library Association).
Citation Information
Cooke, James Francis (ed.). The Etude. Vol. 58, No. 01. Philadelphia: Theodore Presser Company, January 1940. The Etude Magazine: 1883-1957. Compiled by Pamela R. Dennis. Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University, Boiling Springs, NC. https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/etude/265


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This year's gala festival opening, Paris-Manhattan, is a frothy fairytale as light and inconsequential as your grandma's best spongecake - and it is all the better for that.
Debut film-maker Sophie Lellouche has achieved the near impossible, making Woody Allen likeable again. Her joyous comedy places pharmacist Alice (Taglioli) in central Paris, apparently destined never to have a happy and lasting relationship like her sister. I did say this was a fairytale - anyone who believes that Alice Taglioli, who is drop-dead gorgeous, couldn't get a date, might be better off in another film fantasy.
However - as she is a nice Jewish girl, albeit one obsessed with Woody Allen - her nice though eccentric Jewish parents do their best to set her up with someone. Enter Patrick Bruel, a big singing star in France in real life, called upon here to play the lovable shmerel – not really the man of Alice's dreams.
Finally, however, in the cutest of cameos, Woody Allen comes to the rescue. Paris has never looked so beautiful (or so traffic-free), Woody has rarely looked so normal, and the festival has a gently funny romance, a worthy opener to the 2012 season.

subset: commoncrawl


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Video: Aubameyang Responds if he's Joining Arsenal, Man Utd Placing £76m for the Striker
Premier League clubs Man Utd and Arsenal have been dealt setbacks in their pursuit of Borussia Dortmund striker Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang.
Both clubs have been linked with huge transfer bids for the 26-year-old Gabon international. Former German national skipper Lothar Matthaus also suggested that English clubs are willing to spend as much as £76m to bring the player to the Premier League.
However, Dortmund's chief executive Hans-Joachim Watzke has claimed that even £76m wouldn't be enough to sign the player.
"Matthaus appears to be in the know on this one…," said Watzke.
"But in all seriousness, even if such an offer would come in that would be irrelevant for us. We are simply not selling Auba."
Recent video on Youtube coming from a fan shows players response to a simple question: "Are you coming to Arsenal?"
The player also recently insisted that he wants to see out his contract with the club.
"In football nothing lasts forever. But my contract runs until 2020, that is a fact," he said. "I feel happy, still want to achieve lots with Dortmund and win titles, that is also fact. I am here and nowhere else."
Aubameyang is in red hot form this season and has scored 24 goals from 24 appearances for his club.


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Recognized as Best M2M Enablement Platform by Leading IoT Industry Analyst Panel.
Axeda, the leading provider of cloud-based services for building and deploying Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, announced it has been named the winner of the 2014 Compass Intelligence A-List Award for Best M2M Enablement Platform. The company received the honor today at the CES conference in Las Vegas.
The 2014 Compass Intelligence Awards were selected by 60+ industry-leading press and analysts who cover the mobile and wireless market. The Compass Intelligence Awards includes Mobility, A-List in M2M and Bamboo Mobile Green Technology Awards. The Awards recognize the best mobile computing, wireless data communications, Machine-to-Machine, and eco-friendly products and services offered in the market during the past year.
"The Compass Intelligence Awards recognizes world-class organizations that exhibit superior technology and innovation within the Internet of Things," said James Brehm, senior strategist and consultant, Compass Intelligence. "We are excited to see Axeda receive this well-deserved award through virtually unanimous selection by industry analysts and IoT journalists."
"The Axeda Platform was selected as the winner based on delivering measurable customer value through a highly differentiated and innovative service for connecting to remote devices and assets, managing connected products, integrating M2M data with enterprise systems and developing M2M applications."
In addition to the award, over the course of the past year Axeda has celebrated historic customer and partner milestones in advanced IoT deployments including recent announcements with Microsoft, Hitachi High-Technologies, Wipro and AT&T. To learn more about why the Axeda Machine Cloud® has been chosen by hundreds of customers, go to Axeda Differentiators.
"This prestigious award represents global recognition for our technology leadership and innovation as well as for the significant achievements of our customers," said Bill Zujewski, CMO at Axeda. "Moreover, we are especially proud and grateful to receive this award from an esteemed community of analysts, journalists, and thought leaders with deep expertise in the Internet of Things industry."
Overview of the Award-Winning Axeda IoT Platform
The Axeda Platform is a comprehensive M2M and IoT data integration and application development platform with infrastructure delivered as a cloud-based service. With proven scalability and security as well as powerful development tools and flexible APIs, you can quickly build and deliver custom IoT applications for the most demanding requirements and integrate M2M data into your key enterprise applications and systems.


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Renowned physicist Stephen Hawking has warned that humanity needs to become a multi-planetary species within the next century in order to avoid extinction. Hawking made the prediction in a new documentary called Expedition New Earth, which is set to be released this summer (airing on June 15) as part of the renewed BBC's Tomorrow's World science season – reported by Anthony Cuthbertson @newsweek.
Existential risks include climate change, overpopulation, epidemics and asteroid strikes, according to Hawking.
"In this landmark series, Expedition New Earth, he enlists engineering expert Danielle George and his own former student, Christophe Galfard, to find out if and how humans can reach for the stars and move to different planets."
Our Days Are Numbered
The only way to survive? We need to change planets, and fast. A lot could happen in 100 years, and we've proven that we're capable of discovering and developing many things within a century. But could we really go multi-planetary in that timeframe?
Tesla and SpaceX founder and CEO Elon Musk thinks so, and he's already outlined plans to make it happen. The destination for humanity in his mind? Mars. And while the Red Planet isn't exactly that near, neither is it too far. Musk intends to land people to Mars by 2025 and set up a colony by 2033 — which is well within Hawking's timeline. Watch the awe-inspiring video below that shows Musk's vision for the Red Planet exploration:
SpaceX to Mars (04:21)
However, reaching Mars and setting up a stable habitat could take a couple more decades at least. Fortunately, there are others working on it, too: NASA already has a program for getting to Mars, and China's also working on its own mission to the Red Planet. (source Dom Galeon/Abby Norman – Futurism)


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It is of utmost importance to have the services of an employment lawyer when one is caught in an employment-related litigations since dealing this alone is a nightmare. As such, there are only some lawyers that are experts in this type of situation. With that said, a respected New York employment attorney is the one that you must employ. /p>
Experience and knowledge in dealing with employment related cases is the first factor that a plaintiff must think about when searching for employment lawyers. Also, try to see if they already have experienced in legal cases like your complaints. The more the lawyer is experienced, the better as they can formulate approaches to offer you the upper hand.
There'll always be updates about the state and federal laws. Due to these constant changes, people should opt for New York employment lawyers who are abreast with the most recent amendments in the labor laws. Since litigations and disputes regarding employment problems work on the technical side, it will be a disadvantage to the lawyer if they don't know the recent changes applied in the law.
Attitude is another factor that a complainant should think about in selecting an employment attorney. As such, some lawyers offer their customers with a free consultation. This is a big thing as it simply indicates that the lawyer is concerned about their clients. You can easily tell that the employment attorney NYC you've employed is uninterested because of the lack of passion and professionalism. A passionless and unimaginative lawyer, no matter how experienced, is unlikely to do well in handling their client's case.
Feel free to ask questions about your case whenever you meet up with the employment lawyers. Well, it's better to hear the legal explanations from a legal expert for you to understand it better. Placing their legal advices in writing has long been part of the practices of expert employment lawyers NYC. The written legal advice must outline the strengths and weaknesses of the case. As a result, the employee will be able to prepare in advance in case they are going to be summoned.
The more complex a case is, the more time must be rendered. Your employment lawyer must be transparent in providing a breakdown of his or her service fee. Also, there should be options in their mode of payment, like if it is hourly or through a contingency arrangement. And if there's still a long way before your case can be settled, it's better to combine hourly and contingency payment. With this option, it would be feasible for a clientele to pay his New York employment lawyerwithout emptying his pocket.
If you're opting to employ employment lawyers from a law firm, then make sure that they've got Lexcel or ISO 9001 accreditation. If a law firm has this accreditation, this means to show that they are exceptional with regards to meeting the highest standard in case management and also in client care.
In case you have faced troubles regarding employment attorneys, you don't need to mind it greatly. Mainly because we think that no person can really know the subject wholly. Thus, you must do some clicks through https://www.linkedin.com/company/young-&-ma-llp so that you can obtain direct facts with regards to New York employment attorney.


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Home More advice Beauty & Style
coming from a good friend of mine just got a brand, i was all like eww till i saw it.. surprisingly looks good and bad ass.. would never do it, love pain but not that much.. and just makes me think of cattle.. and eww the smell..
I think they're pretty cool, depend though. Big ones can just look ewww, like, deformed :/ but little ones are cute. Scarification's cool so, but same sort of thing. Big = bad. Little = cute :)
I don't like it or the idea of it. It reminds me of kids burning themselves with cigarettes to see who is the coolest. Plus in my opinion it just doesn't look as good as a tattoo.
Yep, it used to be some sort of trend around here. Don't ask me why. I find it retarded. That is why I also don't like the idea of branding.
people think its actually cool to burn yourself with a cigg? omg..what happened to ppl?!
sorry, guess i mean.. hot burns into the skin, rather than or accentuating tattooing..
well i mean if you want it i guess...go ahead? lmao. i kno i wouldnt want that. haha.
that seems really wierd. lmao. i couldnt imagine doing that to myself on purpose.
I have 2 brands A heart a gram and the word pirate
what type of branding?


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Caldwell Police Department Currently Accepting Applications
The Caldwell Police Department is currently looking for applicants as they are trying to establish a roster for the position of police officer. If you know of anyone looking for a career in law enforcement this would be a tremendous opportunity.
Currently there are 71 officers serving a population of close to 55,000 people. Patrol officers work 12-hour shifts with 4 days on/4 days off.
You must possess great interpersonal skills and effectively communicate with co-workers and the public. All applicants have to successfully complete the Basic POST Certification, be over the age of 21, and pass a pre-employment drug test.
Applicants will need to pass a written test, physical fitness test, polygraph, psychological exam, and a detailed background check.
The written and physical tests will be at 9:00 a.m. on October 9, 2019 at the Caldwell Police Department. Check-in will be at 8:15 a.m. Workout attire is appropriate when taking both tests.
If you're looking for more details or want to apply click here.


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Niki Ellis
New Britain, CT | Established. Jan 01, 2005 | SELF
Niki Ellis was born in 1987 in New Britain, CT. Since birth, music was a big part of her life. Her father was a DJ, and listening to the records he would spin was daily routine. The first time she could remember hearing female emcees was on Lil Kim's 1997 Smash "Not Tonight (Remix)." Since that day she fell in love with the idea of being a female rapper, and from that point on Rap music became her life. She started writing verses, when she was 8 years old and moved her way up to full songs by middle school. She did her first performance in the 7th grade at a local talent show. She was the only act to receive a standing ovation, and at that moment she knew that music had to be what she would do with the rest of her life. She won numerous talent shows throughout high school and took the First and only prize at a University of Connecticut talent showcase. Through the years she has gone through many trials and tribulations to prove herself as a strong female emcee. She used all that fuel to add to the fire in her heart and took her confidence, technique and skills to a whole new level. She joined the Air Force when she was 21 and used it to help further her career. She has made musical connections all over the world and has been able to grace the stage from her home state, all the way to Japan. Now settled back in Connecticut, she has released her first EP entitled "Beautiful Struggle" featuring her singles "Live in the Sky," "All Night Long" and "Carry On." She has been featured on multiple Hip Hop blog sites including Hot 93.7's "Up Next" Artist Spotlight. She has recently released her new project Unexpected featuring her singles "Feel Good" ft. Autuore M.A.Y.A. and "Do Ya" ft. Elisha Richards. With her drive, dedication, determination and unconditional love for Hip Hop music, it won't be long before Niki Ellis is a well-known household name.
Band Members


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For years, insurance industry observers have been predicting that home telematics products would transform the insurance industry by forcing carriers to take on the role of damage preventer instead of just claims payer.
Insurers are still experimenting. But one company in particular — a Silicon Valley startup that launched in 2014 — is working to make sure that it will be the leading smart home product supplier to insurance carriers when that transformation finally happens.
In the past month, Roost Home Telematics of Sunnyvale, California has entered into partnerships with Centauri Insurance, Duck Creek Technologies, and Farmers Protective Mutual Insurance Co. to place its water-leak detectors into policyholders' homes. In the past year, Roost has signed up USAA, Armed Forces Insurance, Gulf Stream Property and Casualty Insurance, and CFM Insurance, to name just a few.
Duck Creek Technologies formed a partnership with Roost last month so that the insurance carriers that use its claims administration products can receive the alerts sent by Roost water-leak and freeze detectors. Each carrier on its own will decide how to channel those alerts from the claims administrator to the policyholder, said Eddie Jones, vice president of strategy and alliances for Duck Creek.
Jones said the insurance industry is still in the experimental stage of its relationship with the Internet of Things, but Roost is offering a product that more and more carriers want to offer their policyholders. Jones said Duck Creek doesn't form exclusive partnerships, but it hasn't yet teamed up with any other smart home products supplier.
Read more from Claims Journal here >


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Following in the Prince's footsteps
In his BBC Radio 4 series, In a Prince's Footsteps, John McCarthy revisits many of the sites visited by the Prince of Wales in his Middle Eastern tour and considers how these locations have changed in the intervening 150 years. He looks at the physical, political and social landscape today, and gathers expert opinion on how these locations have evolved during that time.
Here we compare some of the photography taken by Francis Bedford in 1862 with images of the same views taken by John McCarthy's team in 2013 while they were researching and recording the radio series.
Pyramids of Cheops and Cephrenes, The Great Pyramid and the Pyramid of Khafre, Giza |
First Propylon of the Temple of Isis, Philae |
The Temple of the Sun and Temple of Jupiter, Baalbek, Lebanon |
The Caryatid porch of the Erechtheum, Athens, Greece |


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Updated for 2022
Do you ever daydream about a time when all meat was grilled over an open flame and beer was a considered a major food group? Yeah, us too. You may already know that, here at Hoppiness Delivered, we have a close, personal relationship with beer and food pairings. Perhaps nearest and dearest to our hearts is the iconic combo of beer and meat. When it comes to grilled meat, we know that it can be tough to guess which flavors to pair with the beers you love and so we set out to build this guide. Keep reading for a list of our tried and true favorite beer and grilled meat pairings… and then go get grilling!
Pale Ale + Grilled Burger
While it's kind of hard to go wrong when it comes to beer and burgers (match made in heaven, anyone?), we recommend trying your next burger with a pale ale. The hearty dose of bitter hops in a pale ale will help cut through some of the burger's rich meatiness and will hold its own against any char that may be on the burger.
Try it with: SweetWater 420 Extra Pale Ale
Blonde Ale + Grilled Chicken
We're big fans of grilled chicken in the summer, especially when we're feeding a big pack of friends or family. With added spices or citrus marinade, grilled chicken is a killer match for a Blonde ale. The blonde brew's maltiness and hops play nicely with this light meat without resulting in either drowning out the other's flavors.
Try it with: Community Honey Citrus Blonde
Pilsner + Grilled Seafood
Anytime you eat seafood, it's best to pair it with a beer with a more delicate flavor profile. Even with the added goodness of a smoky grill, we recommend sticking to a lighter beer like a Pilsner that will draw out the tasty seafood flavors without overpowering them.
Try it with: Alaskan Pilsner
Brown Ale + Grilled Steak
While there are a number of options when it comes to throwing a steak on the grill, we have one go-to when we're cooking steaks – brown ales! There's nothing quite like a dry, roasty brown ale with a delicate hop profile to offset the fattiness of the beef and bring out that savory umami you crave.
Try it with: Avery Ellie's Brown Ale
Gose + Grilled Sausage
Sausages are an essential at any cook out and one of our favorite go-to crowd pleasers. There's nothing like a rich, savory sausage that's a little charred – that is, except one that's paired with a crisp, sour Gose. The refreshing, sour Gose will cut the richness of the sausage and its salty profile will amp up the meat's seasonings and flavors. Win win!
Try it with: Real Ale Vámonos
IPA + Grilled Beef Ribs
Things are about to get saucy! We love a good batch of grilled beef ribs and it should come as no great surprise that we like to pair them with a hefty dose of hops. IPAs are wickedly good with beef ribs because the big hop profile works double duty. The fizzy bitterness of the IPA will help cut through that deliciously fatty meat while the malts bring out deeper more complex flavors in the meat. Need we say more?
Try it with: Stone IPA
Hefeweizen + Grilled Pork
As far as we're concerned, grilled pork is an essential summer BBQ staple. Any time we put pork on the menu, we always make sure to stock up on a tasty hefeweizen. Delightfully malty and just a little sweet, the German style wheat beers help temper the maltiness of the meat while bringing forward some of its best savory flavors. While being able to stand on its own, a hefeweizen is still delicate enough to not overpower the other white meat.
Try it with: Schöfferhofer Hefeweizen
Now that you've read ours, what's your go-to grilled meat and brew combo?


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Dispensation: Latter-Day Fiction edited by Angela Hallstrom, finished March 24
full disclosure: i received this title as an advance reading copy from the publisher
You can read my minireviews of the individual stories here, but now it's time for a brief review of the work as a whole.
It's good. It's not perfect by *my* standards, but I was never so unreasonable as to imagine it might be. Anyone who buys a collection like this and expects to be gaga over ever single page is nuts. Some you will like, others you might not.
A bigger question is quality. And the quality is generally very high. There are, I'll admit, a couple stories by authors that I think have hornswaggled the reading public, but hey. I'm famously cranky. I get to say things like that.
This collection both turned me off writers I had been dying to read and turned me on to writers I had never heard of before. In my opinion, that makes this collection a rousing success.
I have interviewed the editor for Motley Vision and written a longer review for there as well.
The Best American Comics 2009 edited by Charles Burns, finished March 22
This year's volume was good. Some good stories, some meh stories. Nothing I anticipate still talking about this time next year, but nothing I was angry had been included. My general complaint about the inbreedy selection process continues. Though one of the few Crumb stories I've ever liked, I still can't quite believe it was one of The Best Comics of its year. I would like them to choose as editor someone far from the groove previous editors have come from. Whether that's from the Neil Gaiman end of things or the Randall Munroe end of things I don't really care. Just someone unexpected, given previous years' choices.
almost three months
Icon: A Hero's Welcome by Dwayne McDuffie and MD Bright, finished March 17
I was aware of Milestone back in the heady 90s (I even have some Milestone trading cards) but I never took them seriously until Mr Fob's review last year. So I borrowed it from him. (He also lent me a Static volume which I liked better. See review below.)
From his review:
- In the early nineties while other writers were following in Frank Miller's footsteps, making superhero comics more "mature" by adding more violence and crudity, Dwayne McDuffie was creating a superhero comic that actually approached adult themes with maturity beyond that of a hormone-charged adolescent--and managed to do so in the context of a genuinely fun story.
All this is true. And as the hours pass from finishing the story, I am more and more prone to give the story props for what it does well. It's good to see a superhero story deal with issues like institutional racism and teenagers contemplating abortion, but as I was reading it, I was equally underwhelmed with moments of clunky dialogue and art. Some of this was unavoidable --- it's not easy to create ex nihilo an entire complex world the likes of a DC or a Marvel without expository dialogue and other suchlike crimes.
So let's laud Milestone generally and Icon specifically for its successes. And mourn its loss primarily for imagining what might have been, had it survived into a new century.
a few days
There's Treasure Everywhere by Bill Watterson, finished March 15
The Big O was so enamored of my complete Calvin and Hobbes that I found an old paperback from the garage and gave it to him. We rushed through it and are reading it again. So I may not be listing it again, but I think it's safe to say, even if this six-year-old doesn't understand half of that that six-year-old says, we have witnessed the birth of a new fan.
about a week, probably less
Static Shock: Rebirth of the Cool. Finished right at midnight between March 13 and 14
I remember when Milestone started releasing comics like Static back in the early Nineties. I never bought one because something about Static's X cap just looked like a prepackaged cliche. In fact, it wasn't until Ben's recent review of another Milestone title that I first took any Milestone property seriously. He lent me that title and threw this one in too, which I ended up reading first.
Static (incidentally, I know most people associate the word with electricity but really --- doesn't that seem like a bizarre name for a superhero?) is in high school (in the great tradition from Spider-Man to the new Blue Beetle) and is in the same class of excellence as those two. He's so far from the Stereotypical Black Teenager to almost be the Stereotypical Black Teenager on Opposite Day, but the writers have wit and panache and pull it off.
There's some "social" undercurrent to some of the story lines, but ultimately it's just a teenager with powers fighting bad guys and hiding his secret from his parents and liking girls and so forth. Plus a huge amount of characters to be introduced because this is a new comics universe.
In fact, a lot of story happens between the two stories collected in this volume. I don't know the real-world history of Milestone or this character well enough to explain it, but it's startling. Fortunately, the change in artist served as a good signal that things had changed and instead of being off-putting as a change in artist mid-book generally is, this one was a good move. Didn't hurt that the second style seemed a better fit anyway.
One last comment: Something that randomizes Planck's Constant as an explanation for superpowers? Has to be the most ludicrous bunch of pseudoscience concocted yet by comics writers.
So good job, guys!
(under a week)
Previously in 2010 . . . . :
• First Five ••
- 010) Teen Titans: Year One by Amy Wolfram et al, finished March 7 009) The Complete Calvin and Hobbes, Book One by Bill Watterson, finished March 6 008) Apparition & Late Fictions: A Novella and Stories by Thomas Lynch, finished March 5 007) Stone Rabbit #1: BC Mambo by Erik Craddock, finished March 2 006) The Selected Works of T. S. Spivet by Reif Larsen, finished February 23 005) Missile Mouse 2 by Jake Parker (MS POLICY), finished February 5 004) Heroes of the Fallen by David J. West, finished February 4 003) Still Life in Milford by Thomas Lynch, finished January 19 002) Rapunzel's Revenge by Hales Shannon Dean and Nathan, finished January 16 001) Mormoniana by Mormon Artists Group, finished January 13


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1251 South Crystal Way
Aurora, CO 80012
2 Beds | 2 Baths | 1258 Total Sq. Ft.
Sold $282,000
Fantastic 2 bedroom, 2 bath townhome with attached 2-car garage and fenced in patio that backs to greenbelt! Main level boasts good sized living room with wood-burning fireplace, updated bath, kitchen, dining area and access to both the attached 2-car garage and fenced in patio! Upper level features large master bedroom with walk-in closet and guest bedroom, plus updated bath and laundry. Patio landscaping recently refreshed! Home also includes a newer AC (2019) and water heater (2018). Great location close to 225 and just steps from the community pool.
Area Map
Jason Ellis, Realtor
5975 South Quebec Street
Suite 100
Greenwood Village, CO 80111
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Kwon (South Korea)
Date: 2004
Region: Asia
Subject: Political/Economic/Social Opinion
Medium: Electronic Media
Artist: A student using the alias "Kwon"
Confronting Bodies: South Korea's Electoral Commission (NEC)
Date of Action: March 2004
Location: South Korea
Description of Artwork: Computer images parodying South Korean politicians. One image depicted a popular video game with members of the main opposition party on the losing team. Another image was a cartoon showing the party leader, homeless, after losing the election.
The Incident: The NEC charged Kwon with violating new electoral laws that were amended on March 12, 2004. The new law prosecutes internet users for distributing information that is offensive to politicians during their election campaigns. In addition, the law forces internet service providers to surrender customer's information who are accused of violating these precepts. The NEC said that Kwon posted the pictures on sites other than his personal page and permitted other users to download them. For these actions, Kwon was charged with disseminating false information and for violating electoral law.
Results of Incident: Kwon was arrested, charged and released from prison.
Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation


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Pro Athletes Use Hyperbaric Chamber for Sports Injury
Injuries don't choose the sport, but the athlete just may have a hand in choosing the sports injury. That's because some sports injuries are due to poor training practices, improper equipment, lack of conditioning, or insufficient warm-up and stretching.
NFL linebacker Brendon Ayanbadejo – 3 time NFL Pro Bowler, currently a free agent uses Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (take a dive) to feel good.
The term "sports injury," in the broadest sense, refers to the kinds of injuries that commonly occur during sports or exercise. The term is typically reserved for injuries that involve the musculoskeletal system, which includes the muscles, bones, and associated tissues like cartilage.
When injury occurs – your body goes to work to repair the damage. Chemicals are released from damaged cells, triggering a process called inflammation. Blood vessels at the injury site become dilated; blood flow increases to carry nutrients to the site of tissue damage.
Hours after injury – White blood cells (leukocytes) travel down the bloodstream to the injury site where they begin to tear down and remove damaged tissue, allowing other specialized cells to start developing scar tissue.
Days after injury – Scar tissue is formed on the skin or inside the body. The amount of scarring may be proportional to the amount of swelling, inflammation, or bleeding within. In the next few weeks, the damaged area will regain a great deal of strength as scar tissue continues to form.
Month after injury – Scar tissue may start to shrink, bringing damaged, torn, or separated tissues back together. However, it may be several months or more before the injury is completely healed.
There are countless pro athletes who go for hyperbaric oxygen therapy to treat and speed recovery from sports injuries. Some athletes are more vocal about their regimen; Brendon Ayanbadejo (NFL), Dwight Freeney (NFL), Josh Hamilton (MLB), Tommie Harris (NFL), Rashad Jennings (NFL), Jayson Jones (Olympian), Juan Manuel Marquez (BOXING), Terrell Owens (NFL), Michael Phelps (Olympian), Tiger Woods (PGA)
What are injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise?
Sprain - stretch or tear of a ligament Strain - twist, pull, or tear of a muscle or tendon Shin Splints - pain along the tibia or shin bone Achilles Tendon - stretch, tear, or irritation Fractures - break in the bone Dislocations - two bones that come together to form a joint become separated
Even though the human body has it's own very sophisticated healing process, many athletes turn to Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) treatments as part of rehabilition to decreases swelling and inflammation and recover from sports injury faster. This oxygen-enhancing technology has been around for decades, originally popularized by deep-sea divers needing to avoid 'the bends' (a condition arising from dissolved gases coming out of solution into bubbles inside the body on depressurisation) The Hyperbaric chamber's primary function is to increase the concentration of oxygen in the bloodstream - increased pressure forces more oxygen into the blood.
To schedule your Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy consultation or to begin treatments call Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center 972 312 9310
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Sports Injuries
Let's face it, the sports industry is growing at a phenomenal pace. Even entertainment megastars such as rapper Jay-Z created the sports agency RocNation, which is further testament to the growing sports industry. According to Forbes, the sports industry is projected to grow $145.3 billion between 2010-2015. The sports industry is flourishing with opportunities in all areas.
Now let's put the money and fame aside for a minute to remember that it takes healthy players to compete successfully on the court and field. All the bling and bright lights come with an extreme amount of competitiveness and a ever–growing number of sports related injuries – occasional bumps and bruises that occur when kids play sports are expected, but did you know in 2012 more than 1.35 million children had a sports–related injury severe enough to send them looking for medical attention?
Athletes at all levels look for ways to decrease the healing time for the most common sports injuries (strains and sprains/stretching ligaments), to give themselves a competitive edge and to get back in the game as quick as possible. Nearly all professional athletic teams, including hockey (NHL), football (NFL), basketball (NBA) and soccer (MLS), utilise and rely on the use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for numerous sports-related injuries.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases the amount of oxygen your blood can carry. An increase in blood oxygen temporarily restores normal levels of blood gases and tissue function to promote healing and fight infection. Therefore, oxygen naturally plays a crucial role in recovery from injury and physiological fatigue.
Lower–extremity injuries have become increasingly common as sports performance demands have risen. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is one method used to return athletes to competition as quickly as possible.
A therapy session could last from one to two hours, however the doctors at Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center will monitor your Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy unit throughout your treatment. Children who require Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy treatment can receive it simultaneously with an adult.
During hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the air pressure is approximately two to three times normal air pressure. The increased air pressure will create a temporary feeling of fullness in your ears – similar to what you might feel in an airplane during takeoff, landing or at high elevations which is normally relieved by yawning. You may feel lightheaded immediately after treatment. Typically, this feeling goes away within a few minutes and doesn't limit your normal routine.
Effective hyperbaric oxygen therapy requires more than one session. Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center will determine the number of sessions you require which depends on your specific medical condition.
All hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatmenats by Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center are performed as an outpatient procedure.
To schedule your Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy consultation or to begin treatments call Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center 972 312 9310
The best Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Chamber
Samir Patel, President, CEO - OxyHealth LLC dispels the fear of Hyperbaric Chambers with the highest quality control process and design. Using reinforced materials and testing to destruction and a perfect safety record. Patel says, "everyone must be safety conscious." At Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center our patients will experience the safest hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatments in the industry - above and beyond what the FDA or any regulatory agency requires and we're very proud that we have the first Vitaeris 320 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) Chamber in Plano, Texas.
What are the benefits of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?
Decrease ligament and tissue healing time Treat traumatic and ischemic brain injuries Decreases swelling and inflammation Boost immune system function Improves alertness, reflexes, and memory
HBOT treatments boost the supply of oxygen levels - increasing the volume of oxygen dissolved in the blood. Oxygen is one of the most important elements required to sustain life. A lack of of oxygen leads to unhealthy or weak cells due to improper metabolism lose their natural immunity and are thus susceptible to viruses and lead the way to all kinds of serious health problems.
To schedule your Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy consultation or to begin treatments call Willow Bend Sports & Spine Center 972 312 9310


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Since the late 1990s, Anime has grown tremendously popular mostly due to globalization and the Internet becoming widespread. When I read Moonlitasteria's take on the topic on whether or not Anime as a whole have become mainstream in the West, I wanted to share my own thoughts on it.
In the 1990s or even the 1980s, Anime was not as accessible for the fact that broadband Internet was not widely available and very few knew about it. Unless you are living in Japan, Anime was a niche medium to westerners since only some could watch it. If you wanted to watch Anime, you either have to deal with the dubs, borrow some tapes from a fansubbing circle or buy home releases, which in most cases only come in dubs, although there was some subtitled only releases too. While it gained popularity with a few notable and popular being aired on television, most of the shows, especially obscured ones did not see a western release until later on.
Thankfully, things got better with fansubs becoming readily available due to broadband becoming widespread with technologies like Bittorrent and IRC downloads. Also, there are more licensed DVD releases being released by various companies like Funimation and the defunct ADV Films. With forums and fan sites becoming popular during that period time until the late 2000s, Anime have gained a lot of popularity, especially when blogging, wider availability of legal streaming sites like Crunchyroll and social networking came along. This eventually had a positive effect on Anime conventions in the west since more people are attending every to the point that it can become difficult to experience certain events, especially with Anime Expo.
Now that Anime in general along with other Japanese popular media has gained tremendous popularity while becoming widely accessible to most people, now it is time to ask this question: will it ever become mainstream outside of Japan?
To me, while the medium gained a lot of popularity along with manga, light novels and video games from Japan thanks to globalization, I do not see it happening in a traditional sense. The problem is that Anime is generally geared towards a Japanese audience, not for a western one. This is not surprising since most shows or works typically incorporate several aspects of Japanese culture, subculture and/or traditions. Moreover, the Japanese audience tends to have different tastes compared to western audiences when it comes to media and the types of stories told.
Sure, one can argue that Japan have been facing a birth-rate problem for a while and they should cater more to the western audience, do you think they have to make shows to appeal to both audiences to maintain the medium's popularity? To me, I think it will undermine the appeal of Anime as a whole since most people watch these shows because it is different and unique. Once you take that quality away, you basically have a show that is no different to movies or cartoons from the West.
For instance, this effect was quite noticeable with the Pokémon franchise, especially with the Anime when it became internationalized since 2000. Things like references to Japanese culture such as food, clothes and holidays were removed. In addition, they got rid of some crazy scenes such as Kojiro's/James's cross-dressing along with reducing the violence to make it appeal to a younger audience. In other words, the Pokémon Anime has become rather formulaic and bland to some since it lost the aspects that made the show unique and enjoyable.
At the end of the day, I feel that Anime is more of a niche medium that is capable of covering a large variety of genres and topics than one that appeals to a wider audience. Therefore, I do not see it becoming mainstream in the same way like video games. When studios attempt to cater shows to a western audience or internationalize it to appeal a wider audience, some things that made Anime popular such as the unique storytelling, animation and other quirky things are lost in the process.
Of course, the same also applies to other Japanese media such as manga, light novels and Japanese games. Sure, not all shows that come out of Japan will appeal to a wide audience since there are a lot of niches. Still, I think Anime is popular enough to be considered mainstream in a sense of popularity and not in a traditional sense with widespread appeal, especially since mostly everyone in the world can watch any show through streaming while having a wide variety of genres to pick from. In other words, globalization is a big factor that contributed to Anime and other Japanese media becoming popular and widespread, not internationalization.
With that, do you think Anime have gained mainstream status outside of Japan? Moreover, do you believe that Anime needs to change in order to appeal to a wide audience or should studios continue to make shows for a Japanese audience and maintain the cultural references?


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Fifty Years of Change in Forest Understory Composition. III. Ecological Attributes of Winners and Losers
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Since European settlement, the forests of the Great Lakes Region have undergone dramatic changes. Regular timber harvests and increased road densities have altered the frequency and extent of disturbance, and contributed to corresponding surges in populations of exotics and white-tailed deer. These changes have altered the composition of understory plant communities. Using a historic data set and our own surveys of 59 northern hardwood understories, we examined the relationship between temporal shifts in local and regional abundance and 3 ecological attributes: taxonomic group, photosynthetic guild, and dispersal mode. We predicted non-graminoid monocots would decline more than dicots and ferns, and early summer herbs would decline more than other photosynthetic guilds (because non-graminoid monocots and early summer herbs are more vulnerable to deer browse). We also predicted species with limited dispersal would decline more than widely-dispersed species. Using G-tests, we found no effect of taxonomic group or photosynthetic guild on temporal shifts in abundance; however, there was a marginally significant effect of dispersal mode (G = 12.33, df = 6, P = .055). While 22% of animal dispersed species increased locally and regionally, only 8% of wind dispersed and 9% of gravity/ ant dispersed species increased on both spatial scales. These results indicate that the dispersal mode of a species is an important predictor of its local and regional abundance.
Presented at the 86th Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Monona Terrace, Madison, WI.
Presentation Number 59: Conservation Ecology: Terrestrial Biodiversity.
Repository Citation
Wiegmann, S. M.,
Rooney, T. P.,
& Waller, D. M.
(2001). Fifty Years of Change in Forest Understory Composition. III. Ecological Attributes of Winners and Losers. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting.


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No matter how far you travel, you will never stop seeing sterling silver jewelry. It's popular around the world, lending a sparkle to everything.
It is the brightest precious metal of them all, and over the years its value has consistently risen. For hundreds of years, it was used to make everything from tableware to medical equipment. Over the past few decades, these uses have really dropped off leaving basement low prices that brought new purchasers to the market.
The resurgence of its popularity in the jewelry industry has allowed for a large variety of choice when it comes to choosing a design for your custom jewelry.
Because it isn't as expensive as platinum and gold, those new to the jewelry making game are able to cast their designs for a fraction of the price, allowing more designers to premiere their products on websites like Pinterest and Etsy. Today there are thousands of independent artisans that are able to sell their wares in this way.
High-end designers are following the silver trend as well, creating an abundance of beautiful pieces that are set with precious stones.
But as beautiful as your sterling silver jewelry can be, managing its condition can be a little challenging. Keep reading to find out everything you need to know about sterling silver jewelry.
1. What Sterling Silver Jewelry Really Is
When people began to use silver for housewares and jewelry, they found that the 99.9 percent pure metal was bendable and very soft. It would also tarnish quickly.
So in order to combat the negative effects of oxidation, additional metal alloys were added to the silver to create what we know today as sterling silver.
The most common metal added to silver is usually copper, though other metals could be added. This is meant to slow down the tarnishing process.
2. How to Properly Care for Sterling Silver Jewelry
When you have purchased a piece of jewelry made from sterling silver, you will want to take some special precautions. Although wearing it while you wash dishes with soap and water can be a great way to clean it, you will want to remove your jewelry before using any harsh cleaning products.
When you are not wearing your jewelry, you should store it in sealable plastic bags to slow down the oxidation process of the silver.
3. Identifying Vintage Sterling Silver Jewelry
Great jewelry is often overlooked by shoppers that do not have the proper knowledge to identify quality products.
Fortunately, there are several markings unique to silver that you can look for on vintage pieces. You will want to take a magnifying glass along, some of these markings can be very small.
Some of the most common markings you might find are:
- 800 - When a piece is marked 800, that means that it is what is referred to as "coin silver". This means that it is made up of twenty percent alloy, and only eighty percent silver.
- In the United States, jewelry must be marked a .925 to be sterling silver. That means that it is 92.5 percent pure.
- .950 is slightly more concentrated, and often found in older, vintage pieces of jewelry.
- If the piece is marked .835, you can assume that it is older European silver, at one point it was the standard.
- Anything marked with a "T" and followed by a number can be assumed to be from Mexico, and crafted sometime since 1970. In Mexico, they refer to this silver as "plata".
- Countries of origin are also sometimes marked, although today paper tags seem to suffice in recently created pieces.
- If you are still unsure about the silver content of your purchase, an acid test kit can be used. Though, most of the time this is completely unnecessary because when you know what you are looking for it is very easy to identify.
4. Preventing Tarnish
Retailers sell strips that can be placed inside of your sealable plastic bags to prevent tarnishing. They should be periodically changed to maintain the proper conditions.
If you can't find the fancy no-tarnish strips, using basic blackboard chalk will work in a similar way. They can absorb airborne impurities that might have contributed to tarnishing your silver.
5. Storing Your Sterling Silver Jewelry
As mentioned earlier, jewelry that is made of sterling silver should avoid exposure to oxygen while it is being stored. Using plastic bags has been recommended by many jewelers to slow the oxidation process.
6. Allergies and Reactions
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that up to twenty percent of people are allergic to nickel. Luckily, the alloys used in sterling silver only include copper, germanium, platinum, and zinc.
You can be confident that wearing your sterling silver jewelry will never cause your skin harm.
7. Price and Weight
Silver is a relatively heavy metal and its weight can be felt the moment you pick it up. However, lighter pieces are not necessarily of lower quality than their heavier counterparts.
You will also want to check it for cracks or loose stones. Depending on the conditions that the piece has been stored in, it may have faced some damage.
Looking for a Ring
Sterling silver is truly one of the most beautiful metals that jewelry is made out of today. It glints off the necks of women and men all over the globe.
Rings made of sterling silver are also incredibly popular. Today, some women will use this metal in their wedding rings as a substitution for white gold. Many would say that they couldn't see a difference.
Beyond wedding rings, however, sterling silver can be used to create a variety of custom designed rings. It has been used for hundreds of years to create detailed and beautiful products all over the world.
In particular, bikers have a special affinity for silver. Perhaps it reminds them of the sparkling chrome of their bike.
Whatever the reason, if you want to find a ring that will make you glow with pride, visit us today!


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Shiny, smooth, and colorful, gel nails will last you through weddings, vacations, and busy work weeks. The process of getting these perfect nails requires the use of ultraviolet light to harden the gel polish. Some of our customers ask us about the risks of exposure to UV light.
To help dispel your doubts, we have put together this blog detailing everything you need to know about gel manicures, UV exposure, and how our SNS Healthy GelStar and new hybrid lamps minimize risk.
What are Gel Manicures?
Gel manicures - a popular choice in salons - uses three types of coats dried under a UV or UV/LED lamp. The layers - base, color, and top coats ensure that the nails get a glossy finish that lasts up to 14 days or more with proper care.
Apart from the long-lasting effect, gel manis are also known for their protection to prevent nails breakage.
Another reason why salons love gel manicures is because of their quick-drying properties, thanks to the UV/LED lamp effect. Each coat of gel polish is cured for about 30 to 60 seconds at a time, making it more resistant to chipping and wear and tear.
The Use of UV/LED in Gel Manicures
The gel nail polishes and lacquers contain photoinitiators in them, which require specific UV wavelengths to cure or, as we call it, dry the polish. This process of hardening the nail polish in gel manicures is called photoreaction.
Both UV and LED lights emit wavelengths that lead your manicure to cure faster and stay longer. This is why they end up becoming such an essential step in the gel polish process.
Understanding Your Lights: UV v/s LED
Theoretically, we know that UV exposure increases the risk of skin cancer.
However, since the exposure to these lights is for mere seconds or minutes, the FDA has listed nail curing lamps as low risk if used as per the label. Additionally, the FDA has clarified that to date, they have not received any reports of burns or skin cancer attributed to these lamps. As a matter of fact, a 2013 study showed that even 30 minutes per day exposure is below daily occupational exposure limits.
Hybrid Lights: The Gamechanger for Gel Manicures
The SNS Hybrid UV/LED Light is designed to ensure more safety and higher performance to salons and customers alike. Recent developments show hybrid lights combine UV and LED and are a better and healthier option. Not just safety, but their performance is touted as top-notch and highly efficient. Our hybrid lamp assures low heat exposure to prevent skin-related risks as a result of the procedure.
With a safer and smarter approach, SNS Hybrid Lamps are equally effective in performance as they come with:
- LG Hybrid LED for best results
- Smart Design for its protective shield
- 54W High Power Output for quicker curing
- Pause/Low Heat Function to control exposure
- Extended Battery Life for reliable performance
- Three stylish colors to match salon decor
SNS GelStar, the World's Healthiest Gel
At SNS, we are driven by our commitment to ensure healthier nails to our customers. Along with our Hybrid UV/LED light, we have worked on SNS GelStar, the world's healthiest gel, to make the manicure process even safer. Enriched with Vitamin E and Calcium, the GelStar nourishes your nail bed. Further, there is no need for alcohol on the top as with other gel brands.
We are ardent believers in improving our technology and processes with the help of strong R&D. Our products are updated regularly to keep up with the latest trends and strictest safety standards. This is why you will find SNS products being trusted by salons and used by customers everywhere.
Tips to Make Gel Manicures Safer
For us, it's not enough to give you the best products. Listed below are some tips which when coupled with safe products, make the experience wonderful and stress-free.
- Apply a sunscreen having an SPF of 30 or higher on your hands and fingers before going for a gel manicure
- Cover your hands and fingers with a cloth, like wearing a glove with the tips cut off.
- Be sure your salon is using a regulated Hybrid lamp and proper curing times.
- Use safe and tested gel polishes that include added nutrients.
- Limit frequency of gel manicures to every 2-3 weeks.
- Follow instructions and advice if you are using an at-home kit.
The beauty of well-manicured nails doubles when you use the best-in-class products and technology. At SNS, we endeavor to deliver what you need. Choose the safest and most reliable option for your salons and your nails with SNS.


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The Kara-Winter-2014 Expedition organized by the Arctic Research and Design Center (a joint venture of Rosneft and ExxonMobil) with expert support from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute Federal State Budget Institution left the Port of Murmansk on board the Yamal Ice-Breaker. This is going to be the largest ice expedition by the sea area coverage and duration (55 days) since the USSR collapse and it will study ice conditions of three seas: the Laptev, Kara, and East-Siberian Seas.
The studies are to be conducted in winter to determine the ice phases, the morphometric parameters of the ice cover, physical and chemical properties of the ice, ice ridges and stamukhas as well as weather and water mass conditions. For the first time iceberg drift will be studied by means of placing buoys on their bodies and engineering surveys will be conducted for the East Siberia and Laptev Seas.
To fulfill the above tasks, in addition to the 23 KT nuclear ice-breaker, the expedition will use satellites, a helicopter, an unmanned air drone, an underwater camera, buoys and a great number of research instruments. The equipment and technologies to be used by the expedition meet the world's most modern requirements.
The expedition route runs along some of the least explored sea areas of the Arctic Ocean. The data obtained by the expedition will be interpreted and 3D models of ice formations will be built to support exploration and subsequent oil and gas field facility design activities. In addition, these data are of great scientific interest as no such studies have ever been conducted in the regions.
The expedition will also focus on biological studies and environmental protection measures. Marine mammal and bird observations will be conducted throughout the expedition, including on board the drone and helicopter. The data obtained will be used to develop environmentally friendly Arctic oil and gas exploration and production technologies.
All the works will be carried out considering exclusive standards of the partner companies regarding ecological and industrial security. Before the expedition started an additional audit of the Ice-Breaker compliant international IMCA standards has been conducted.
Background: Rosneft holds 46 licenses for offshore oil and gas exploration and production in the Russian Federation and is the largest Russian offshore subsoil user, its resources amounting to 318GOE. The Russian Arctic sedimentation basins are comparable with the world's largest oil and gas regions in their total oil and gas potential. The company has already conducted a number of research expeditions in its offshore Arctic license areas. In August 2013 alone, those involved 13 various class vessels, 3 aircraft, a number of unmanned drones, subsea and above-water recording stations, satellite observation systems, ROVs. Leading Russian and international research and design organizations participated in the studies. |
Rosneft Information Division
April 9, 2014


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Introduction to the moving Zimbabwe forward wellbeing and poverty study
Nevertheless, worldwide there are around half a billion people who are persistently poor over many years, their whole lives, and inter-generationally (Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC), 2010). Progress against poverty has been uneven and disappointingly slow in some regions, particularly Africa. In practice, development has failed to put people first, poverty has deepened and inequities are more entrenched (Moyo, 2010). People in poverty are those who have benefited least from economic growth and development. Many live in remote rural areas or urban slums; have little access to productive assets; low capabilities in terms of health, education and social capital; and suffer from chronic ill health or disabilities (CPRC, 2005).


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Fatharley, also recorded as Fetherly and Featherley, is of locational and Olde English pre 6th century origins. The "modern" surname is a compound which appears to be comprised of a prefix derived from the tribal name "Fearningas" but recorded as "Farth" in the 13th century, plus "leah" - enclosed lands. If this is so then the surname derives from the Villages now known as Farthingho and Farthingstone in Northamptonshire, or from some now "lost" medieval village of similar meaning. As there are some seven thousand lost sites in the British Isles, this latter situation is relatively common amongst locational surname holders.
Indeed many present day surnames derive precisely from the fact that in the time of the Enclosure Acts in the 15th - 18th centuries, many villages were deliberately destroyed by the land owners, and the tenants disposed. These unfortunate people then took or were given as surnames, the name of their former village. What is certain is that around the beginning of the 17th century the name appears in London. These recordings include Rebecka Fatherley, who may well be the sister of Mary (below), who married Richard Elis at Harrow on August 27th 1629. The name is well recorded in Rotherhithe from August 19th 1807 when Thomas Fatherley was a witness at St Mary's Church in that town. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Mary Fetherley which was dated October 28th 1624, when she married Richard Cock at Harrow, during the reign of King James 1 of England and V1 of Scotland, 1603 - 1624. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2024
Enjoy this name printed onto our colourful scroll, printed in Olde English script. An ideal gift.


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Mention fantasy in British films and Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger's A Matter of Life and Death immediately springs to mind. Following a nine-month wait for a sufficient supply of Technicolor stock, shooting started on the day the Japanese surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur. Upon release in 1946, the story of the celestial battle for RAF pilot David Niven's right to live caught the imagination of postwar audiences coming to terms with the bitter reality of peace.
In the wartime years, ideas of fantasy and utopia played a vital role in British cinema, as escapism and a boost to morale, but also providing consolation and – in some cases – paving the way for the creation of a new society.
Two years before A Matter of Life and Death, Powell and Pressburger made A Canterbury Tale (1944), which – like the same year's Tawny Pipit – offered a bucolic depiction of people from all backgrounds uniting for the common good. The film's theme of pilgrimage and its vision of an arcadian England was steeped in the tradition of Chaucer and Blake.
For much of the war, the emphasis fell on the supernatural in providing a little escapism from resisting the Axis. Propaganda was never far below the surface, however, as in the case of Roy Boulting's Thunder Rock (1942). This was an adaptation of Robert Ardrey's much-admired stage play, which used the ghostly passengers of a 19th-century ship to convince reclusive lighthouse keeper Michael Redgrave to leave Lake Michigan and take up arms in the conflict.
Redgrave would steal the show in the Ealing horror portmanteau Dead of Night (1945), as a ventriloquist being driven mad by the dummy whose pernicious pronouncements recalled those of another malevolent mouthpiece, Lord Haw-Haw. Meanwhile, wit rather than wickedness characterised comic chillers like The Ghost of St. Michael's, The Ghost Train and Old Mother Riley's Ghosts (all 1941), starring – respectively – Will Hay, Arthur Askey and Arthur Lucan.
The humour is more subtle in A Place of One's Own (1945), in which companion Margaret Lockwood is possessed by the previous owner of the country house purchased by James Mason and Barbara Mullen, who had been murdered by her servants.
This atmospheric class satire contained echoes of Basil Dearden's The Halfway House (1944). Although intended to reassure those who had lost loved ones during the war by showing the afterlife to be a place where the departed are rewarded for their labours, this affecting saga was also a treatise on learning from past mistakes and laying aside social and political rivalries to pull together for the greater good.
Under the watchful eye of Welsh hosts, a disillusioned soldier and black marketeer see the error of their ways, an ailing conductor learns the value of life, a bickering couple reconsider their divorce, a grieving husband and wife come to terms with the loss of their sailor son, and an Irish nationalist acquires an understanding of the Allied cause. These disparate souls were not alone in benefiting from "a pause in time, a pause to stand still and to look at yourself and your difficulties".
Elsewhere, new recruit Arthur Askey comes out fighting when he believes he's found Excalibur in King Arthur Was a Gentleman (1942), while Bud Flanagan also discovers unsuspected courage after a knock on the noggin in Dreaming (1944). Another Askey vehicle, Val Guest's somewhat dated Bees in Paradise (1944), sees the star as an airman who crash-lands on a seemingly arcadian island. It turns out to be populated solely by women, who treat men according to the laws of the hive.
Tommies Trinder and Handley find themselves in equally sticky situations, as they travel back in time in Fiddlers Three (1944) and Time Flies (1944). Having been struck by lightning in the middle of Stonehenge, Trinder's chirpy Cockney receives an object lesson in living under a dictator when he fetches up in Nero's Rome. And it's the Elizabethans that Handley's scouse schemer has to contend with, after he accidentally activates an inventor's spacecraft. He discovers that Shakespeare's contemporaries thought nothing of disposing of those who held differing beliefs or territories that Good Queen Bess fancied conquering.
If the past could sometimes seem like a foreign land, the future wasn't always particularly welcoming, either, with some filmmakers warning that the wartime unity that had helped defeat fascism would soon begin to fragment.
The middle-class was frequently cited as the weak link. Aristocratic heirs and servants join forces with a castle ghost to confound a grasping bourgeois in Don't Take It to Heart (1944), while the offspring of a holidaying lower-middle-class couple take advantage of their absence to try out living in sin in 29 Acacia Avenue (1945) – just one of several films made during the last years of the war that speculated on how peacetime Britain might look.
By contrast, refusing to play a part in the building of the New Jerusalem was viewed more benevolently. In Demobbed (1944), Norman Evans, Nat Jackley and Dan Young return to civvy street and seek to skate by without doing a tap, while in Val Guest's much-underrated romp Give Us the Moon (1944) a decorated flyboy prefers malingering with the career idlers gathered around Russian exiles Margaret Lockwood and Vic Oliver to running his father's luxury hotel.
Bearing a passing resemblance to Frank Capra's You Can't Take It with You (1938), this riotous film would make an ideal double bill companion for Basil Dearden's They Came to a City (1944). Adapted from a J.B. Priestley play about the divisive nature of a peacetime utopia, and enacted on imposing sets designed by Michael Relph, the action brings together a motley band including a waitress (Googie Withers), a seaman, a charwoman, a self-made businessman, a bank clerk and his shrewish wife, an aristocrat and her dutiful daughter, and peppery toff A.E. Matthews.
While it's clear from the outset how some of the assembled will react to being transplanted to the gate of a socialist Shangri-La, the ideas batted around by the characters are still very much at the forefront of today's political debate.
Anticipating the mood of the nation ahead of the khaki election that swept Labour's Clement Attlee to a landslide victory in July 1945, this little-seen allegory proved a radical departure from the flagwavers that Ealing had produced during Britain's darkest days, subversively asserting that the country was becoming increasingly polarised.
No wonder that critic Richard Winnington, writing in the communist newspaper The Daily Worker under the pseudonym John Ross, could describe They Came to a City as "one of the most enterprising efforts ever made in the British cinema".


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Serena Williams is an American professional Tennis player with a net worth of $150 million. She is regarded as one of the greatest female tennis players of all time.
Serena Williams has won 4 Olympic gold medals, 1 in singles and 3 in doubles with her sister Venus which is an all-time record. She also holds the record of winning most Major titles in singles, doubles and mixed doubles combined. Her record of 38 Major titles puts her the fourth on the all-time list. In total, Serena has been World #1 for 309 weeks where she ranks #3 in the Open Era amongst female players.
Serena Williams has been endorsed by several leading brands such as Mcdonald's, IBM, Mini, OnePiece, Chase Bank, Pepsi, Beats by Dre, Berlei Bras, OPI Products, Apple, Gatorade, Delta Air Lines, Aston Martin and Audemars Piguet.
Serena has invested some of her money in UFC and Miami Dolphins. She also do a lot of charity work. In 2009, Serena released her first solo autobiography titled On the Line.
Serena Williams Net Worth 2017
Serena Williams has a net worth of $150 million. She earned $28.9 million in prize money and endorsements in 2016 which made her the highest paid female athlete of the year.
Serena Williams Earnings
Source of Income | Earnings |
Tennis Prize Money | $80 million |
TV / Acting | $1.6 million |
Merchandise | $12 million |
Endorsements | $104 million |
Serene Williams Endorsements
Brands | Earnings |
JP Morgan | $2 million |
Hewlett Packard | $2 million |
Pirelli | $1 million |
Apple | $1 million |
Beats by Dre | $5 million |
Mini | $2 million |
Puma | $13 million |
Gatorade | $11.5 million |
Pepsi | $4 million |
Wilson | $19.5 million |
Nike | $40 million |
McDonald's | $3 million |
Serena Williams Trivia
- She hate avocados.
- Serena started playing Tennis at age 3.
- She has 2 dogs named Jackie and Laura.
- She can speak English, Spanish, Italian and French.
- She likes to sing and dance.
- Apart from Tennis, Serena likes Gymnastics.
Serena Williams Stats
Full Name: Serena Jameka Williams
Birth Date: September 26, 1981
Birth Place: Saginaw, Michigan
Age: 35
Nationality: American
Race: Black
Profession: Tennis player
Height: 5 ft 9 in
Weight: 71 kg
Body Measurements: 40-30-44
Bra Size: 36D
Dress Size: 14 (US)
Shoe Size: 10 (US)
Eye Color: Dark Brown
Hair Color: Black
Religion: Jahovah's Witness
Marital Status: Engaged
Partner: Alexis Ohanian
Children: None
Wikipedia Page: Here
Twitter: Here
You May Also Like: Kyle Massey, Sam Mendes


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Participating in the 2020 census helps your community
Apr 03, 2020
Census 2020 time is now! By participating in this important effort, you will play a vital part in shaping the future for yourself, your family and your community for the next decade.
Every 10 years, as mandated by the U.S. Constitution, a nationwide census is conducted to count every person living in the United States and five U.S. territories. The results of this count determining your community's representation in Congress, as well as the amount of federal funding allocated to programs like subsidized school lunches and support for teachers, infrastructure projects like highway maintenance and public transit, human service programs like those that address issues like domestic violence and elder care, and health care initiatives such as Medicare and substance abuse treatment programs.It's also important for educational institutions like CCBC. Census results help the college better understand the communities and individuals we serve, and also affect the amount of funding CCBC receives to support vital educational and student support programs.
It takes just 10 minutes to answer 10 questions that will affect you and your community for 10 years. Visit 2020census.gov to learn more and participate.


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Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Bee venom has been used for more than 5,000 years for the treatment of various diseases. Today it belongs to alternative methods of treating rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pain, etc. You will find it in various moisturizers, serums, in the form of extracts or even as an supplement, but its traditional application consists in injecting bee venom or direct bee stings.
The idea of using bee venom in the field of medicine is born out of the belief that beekeepers almost do not suffer from rheumatism or joint problems.
Treatment and prevention of diseases with bee products is called apitherapy. It is a branch of alternative medicine that relies on the use of honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly and mainly bee venom, also called apitoxin.
Read more:
Chemical composition of bee venom
Bee venom contains many active components. These include:
- peptides such as melittin, apamin,
mast cell degranulating (MCD) peptide and adolapin; - enzymes such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and hyaluronidase;
- amino acids and volatile compounds.
According to studies, these substances have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, as well as diseases of the central nervous system, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as many other conditions.
Bee venom has the highest amount of melittin - it represents 40-60% of its dry matter. It is also the most studied component of apitoxin and it is believed that most of the effects of bee poison are due to melittin, especially antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer.
Apamin and adolapine are also toxins, but according to some studies they also have a painkiller and anti-inflammatory effect. [ref.2]
The enzyme phospholipase A2 is a strong allergen that causes inflammation and cell damage, and these actions are enhanced by melittin. But according to some studies, the enzyme may also have anti-inflammatory and immunoprotective effects against asthma [ref.3], Alzheimer's disease [ref.4] and Parkinson's disease [ref.5].
Does bee venom have anticancer properties
Interestingly, bee venom, like other animal poisons, has also shown anticancer and antiviral potential.
Both bee venom and melittin separately demonstrated an antitumor effect in various studies in the following cancers [ref.6]:
- Melanoma
- Non-small cell lung cancer,
- Glioblastoma,
- Leukemia
- Ovarian cancer,
- Breast cancer,
- Cervical cancer,
- Pancreatic cancer.
Bee venom and melittin have had a stronger impact on cancer cells than on normal cells in the body.
In addition, according to some studies on cancer cells, bee venom can complement the action of some chemotherapists, for example, in combination with cisplatin in malignancies of the larynx and cervix [ref.7] and with docetaxel in lung cancer cells.
A 2020 study [ref.6], published in Nature, has found that bee venom and melittin are extremely effective in inducing cell death of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hormone-receptor negative, HER2 positive breast cancer (HER2-enriched breast carcinoma), while the negative effects on normal cells were negligible.
These data give hope that in the future bee venom and its active ingredients may find use in the treatment of such a severe disease as cancer, alone or adjuvant to chemotherapy.
Anti-inflammatory properties of bee venom and rheumatoid arthritis
Chronic inflammation can lead to the development of certain diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, asthma, skin diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
When melittin is administered in high doses, it causes local pain, itching and inflammation. But low doses show good anti-inflammatory effects.
There is particular interest in its application in rheumatoid arthritis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Its effects are due to suppression of inflammatory substances - cytokines: interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrotizing factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). This leads to reduced inflammation in the skin, liver, joints and nerve tissue [ref.8].
The anti-inflammatory properties of bee venom are also due to some observations that it suppresses the manifestation of atopic dermatitis - the most common allergic chronic inflammatory skin disease.
Antiviral and antibacterial properties of bee venom
It is well known that melittin and phospholipase A2 have strong antibacterial properties, since they lead to the formation of pores in the cell walls of bacteria and therefore to their death.
A study [ref.9] has found that in laboratory conditions bee venom, and in particular melittin, have significant antiviral effects against a variety of viruses - those with a shell and without one.
- vesicular stomatitis virus,
- influenza A virus,
- herpes simplex virus,
- enterovirus-71,
- coxsackievirus.
The same team of scientists exposed mice to lethal doses of influenza A H1N1 virus and found that melittin also had a protective effect against this virus. It is not yet known what the mechanism of action is, but it has been confirmed that bee venom interacts directly with the viral surface.
Concerns about bee venom treatment
The most dangerous side effect of applying bee venom is the violent allergic reaction manifested as anaphylactic shock. This condition is life-threatening and needs to be approached with great care by both the patient and the treating specialist.
Other serious adverse effects associated with this therapy are: hyperventilation, fatigue, loss of appetite, severe pain, increased risk of bleeding and vomiting.
Topical, external application of products containing bee venom can lead to side effects such as itching, urticaria and redness in people sensitive to it.
Bee venom is an alternative means of treating some serious conditions, and science is trying to confirm or reject the benefits of apitoxin. Only time will tell if we have really found another ally in the fight against insidious oncological, immunological and neurodegenerative diseases.
In what kind of products can you find apitoxin?
Bee venom is available in the form of ampoules with aqueous and oily solutions for subcutaneous injections, creams, ointments, gels, liquids for rubbing into the skin (liniments), tablets.
What's the price of bee venom?
Bee venom prices may vary from $30 US (or much cheaper if quality is not good) up to $300 US per gram.
Can bee venom do you any harm?
The following side effects may occur with subcutaneous injection of bee venom: itching, anxiety, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, palpitations, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, confusion, fainting and low blood pressure. These effects are more common in people with severe allergies to bee stings, in people treated with bee venom, and in women. The most severe possible reaction is anaphylactic shock (a life-threatening condition).
Apitherapy is not recommended for use in pregnant women, as the histamine released in response may cause miscarriage. Bee venom can activate an immune response that worsens the condition of people suffering from autoimmune diseases, so it is advisable for them to avoid treatment with apitoxin.


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After 18 years of assisting clients with estate planning and estate settlement, I am dismayed by how often I see the same estate planning mistakes made over and over. Often times, the emotion and financial cost to family members is significant, yet most of the mistakes were easily avoidable.
For some people, the inability to conceive of their inevitable demise prevents them from acting as they know they should. Others have not received sufficient counsel from a qualified estate planning attorney. (Real estate attorneys are notorious for drafting wills without advising properly as to "higher level" planning options.)
At Global View, we want our clients to be as "worry free" as possible when it comes to their financial lives. As a fiduciary to our clients, we seek not only to manage their investment portfolios, but also to ensure that they have at least considered their needs and options with respect to insurance coverage, estate planning and asset protection. As part of that process, I want to make sure you are aware of 6 estate planning mistakes I see all the time.
Estate planning is too important to put off. Contact Global View to see how we can help.
Mistake #1: Thinking that everything will pass to your spouse even if you don't have a will
It is shocking how many people think everything will pass to their spouse if they die without a will.
Under South Carolina law, if you are married and have children and you die without a will, one-half of your probate assets pass to your spouse while one-half will be split equally among your children. (If those children are minors, the court will need to appoint a conservator to manage the inherited assets until each child reaches age 18, at which time the child will receive them outright.) Your surviving spouse could thus end up owning your home, business and investment accounts jointly with your children or their conservator. Most clients would agree that this is not ideal.
Mistake #2: Believing that your will governs the disposition of your assets
A will only disposes of assets that are not held in trust and are not subject to a right of survivorship, a contractual beneficiary designation or a "payable on death" designation. While it was not the case 20 years ago, most assets other than real estate are now governed by some type of "transfer on death" designation. If your estate plan includes asset protection trusts for your children but your beneficiary designations leave accounts to them directly, those accounts will not end up in the trusts; the trusts you paid for and wanted will thus offer no protection for those accounts that passed outright.
I have also seen numerous cases in which an individual will left assets equally to children, yet one child had gotten him or herself added to sizable investment accounts as the joint owner with a right of survivorship. In such cases, that child usually ends up with far more than his or her siblings, which might not have been the parent's intention.
Mistake #3: Not updating documents after divorce
While state law now provides many protections by automatically removing divorced spouses from certain estate planning documents, this does not apply in all cases. Also, since you can no longer rely on your ex-spouse to handle your affairs for you if you die or become incapacitated, it is imperative that documents be reviewed and updated after any divorce, annulment or legal separation.
Mistake #4: Thinking a 'simple' will is sufficient with a blended family
If you have children from a prior marriage but elect to leave assets outright to your new spouse under a "simple" will plan, you are risking that your children will never benefit from your life's work in accumulating wealth. Many times, I have seen a surviving spouse change his or her will after the first spouse died so as to disinherit or reduce the share for the children or a prior marriage, sometimes within a year of the spouse's death. With blended families, deep conversations about how to divide assets must be had, and it is imperative to consider using a marital trust to support the "new" spouse while also ensuring that assets eventually benefit your own children.
Mistake #5: Failure to execute well-drafted powers of attorney
While powers of attorney can be used for convenience (i.e., to allow an agent to handle transactions for you if you are unavailable), they are really meant to allow someone you love or trust to manage your affairs for you if you ever can't handle them for yourself.
In a Health Care Power of Attorney, you can empower an agent to make medical decisions for you if and only if you ever can't make or articulate them for yourself. With a Durable Power of Attorney for financial matters, you authorize someone to pay your bills, deal with your creditors, manage your business, invest your assets and take withdrawals without needing approval from the Probate Court. Without such a document, your spouse or other family members might have to petition the court to have a guardian and/or conversation appointed for you. That process can cost thousands of dollars and can subject your private affairs to constant and ongoing supervision by the court. This can be easily avoided with a couple of inexpensive estate planning documents.
Mistake #6: Not worrying about your children's future ex-spouses or creditors
If you have a will or trust that gives everything outright to your children or other beneficiaries when they reach a specified age, there is a real possibility that assets you worked your whole life to earn will end up benefiting a child's ex-spouse or business creditor. For clients with wealth worth protecting, using continuing asset protection trusts that can be created upon death (under a revocable trust agreement) is almost a "no brainer." If you want the child to essentially have the assets, you can give him or her a high level of control over the trust established for him or her. If the child is a spendthrift, has a substance abuse problem or has a spouse you can't stand, the trust can be drafted to be more restrictive (which offers even more protection). You can even provide for ongoing professional management by an independent trustee to ensure that assets benefit your children throughout their lifetimes and eventually pass on to your grandchildren or preferred charities.
Even if your children are amazing and financially responsible, you cannot be sure that they will never divorce or be named as a defendant in a lawsuit. Leaving assets in trust for them helps mitigate the risk that your financial legacy will be lost to an ex-spouse or other claimant.
There are many other estate planning mistakes to consider, so I'll regularly post articles on the Global View blog that discuss other pitfalls that can be avoided with proper planning. For now, if you have concerns in this area, please contact your Global View advisor so that we can help review these issues with you and/or your legal counsel.


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text: PEYTON PLACE Episode 357. 07-31-67 Chandler escapes from jail. WA: Norman Harrington, unable to sleep on a hot and troubled night, has wandered out into the Peyton Place square. Trying to find a way to feel a little less guilty about his young wife's pregnancy. A pregnancy that seriously complicates her heart condition. Suddenly, the accident of time and place, of people living in a small town, brings Norman to the Peyton county courthouse, to the jail. There is no doubt that the man approaches the barred window of one of the cells. There is a terrible familiarity about the man. There is no doubt in Norman's mind that this incident, in the darkness, will dominate his life for months to come. Intro: It is 3:00 a.m. Norman Harrington walks across the square and up into the bandstand. Leslie Harrington drives his car to the courthouse and puts a gun through the bars of Chandler's cell. Scene 1: Inside the cell, Chandler calls the jailer. He says he has fever and a sharp pain in his side. The jailer says he'll be all right tomorrow. Chandler asks for water. When the pitcher of water is delivered, Chandler pulls the gun and overpowers the guard. He hits the jailer on the head with the gun and escapes. Scene 2: Elliot runs over from the Peyton County Town Hall to the Clarion. Inside the Clarion, Elliot begins typing frantically preparing the story. Eli has followed him in and answers the ringing phone. Elliot tells Eli to tell the caller to call the UPI. Eli says it is the UPI. Elliot asks Eli to tell them he'll call them back in fifteen minutes. Elliot continues to type frantically. Charlie Hagen of the White River Herald calls and talks. Scene 3: Dr. Rossi is attending Rita in her hospital room. She asks for Norman and is told that he is outside. Rossi tells Rita that she is pregnant. Rita says that it's wonderful. Rossi says that it may not be so wonderful. Rossi allows Norman to see Rita. Rossi leaves. Norman comes in the room and tells Rita that he doesn't want anything to happen to her. Scene 4: Adrienne leaves her flower filled bedroom and goes down stairs. She is looking at Betty's portrait as Martin Peyton comes in. She compliments Peyton on his gardener. Martin asks what she thinks about Steven. She says that she finds Steven to be rude, ill-mannered, and hostile. He is cold self-centered and calculculating, extremely hostile. Adrienne tells Peyton that his plan won't work. Scene 5: Lee Webber is adjusting his chauffeur's uniform and gets his cap out of the entry closet. The full length mirror on the closet hangs loosely. Steven asks Lee how Chandler got the gun. Lee says he doesn't know. Adrienne and Martin appear. Martin tells Webber to bring the car around. Adrienne goes up the stairs for a moment. Scene 6: The ten-line speakerphone buzzes in Leslie's inner office and Leslie picks up the phone. Miss Nolan's voice is heard announcing Norman. Norman comes in and demands a job. Leslie is blackmailed over the gun Leslie gave to Chandler. Leslie asks if sales would interest him. Norman says no. He wants Chandler's old job with overtime. Norman says he'll start tomorrow. He leaves. Leslie calls personnel. Scene 7: Steven is in the livingroom looking at his reflection in a fancy round mirror. Adrienne comes in and they talk. He asks her why she is in Peyton Place. Adrienne opens the door and Peyton appears. He asks Steven to join them. Steven says there is nothing for her in Peyton Place unless she enjoys the American Legion Drum and Bugle Corps. Adrienne agrees that Peyton Place is culturally challenged. Preview: Steven talks with Betty about Dr. Philip Van Leyden. Rossi talks to Martin about his house guest. Leslie argues with Lee. SC: The reason for his death might be just a little bit more complex than it seems on the surface. I'm a lawyer. I like facts. BA: You're not accusing Adrienne? MR: Its about your house guest. MP: Yes, well what about her? MR: She's poison. MP: What kind of diagnosis is that? MR: Accurate. Deadly accurate. LH: The old man must be losing his touch sending a heavy handed oaf like you to try to get information out of me. You don't even like him. LW: No, let me . . . LH: Out. Larry Gardner-public defender. Charlie Hagen, White River Herald. UPI-United Press International. PREV HOME NEXT


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Things we need to get right to woo back foreign investors
02 Jun 2021
With the Covid-19 pandemic impacting businesses, workers and households in different degrees since its onset, the fear of losing foreign direct investors resonates in many developing countries like Malaysia.
Looking at the last two years, from the first quarter (Q1) of 2018 to the fourth quarter of last year, it was observed that the highest foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow was recorded at RM19.4 billion in Q1 2019, a year before the pandemic.
In 2020, as we entered the year of the pandemic, the FDI inflow for Q1 and Q2 was valued at RM6.4 billion and RM2.2 billion. An FDI outflow of RM800 million was recorded in the third quarter of last year. In the last quarter, FDI inflow was recorded at RM6.1 billion.
With this said, the stock of FDIs was at an all-time high last year compared with 2018. This means that even though new FDIs decreased, the total stock of direct investment (or FDIs still in the country) was still the highest recorded in two years.
In terms of attractiveness, in the past five years at least, there is the sentiment that Malaysia's competitiveness edge to attract FDIs has weakened. There are several factors that influence Malaysia's attractiveness as a destination country for investors.
The first is market size. Malaysia is a relatively small market compared with our neighbouring countries like Indonesia or Thailand, or Vietnam.
As an investor, the bigger the market, the more attractive the country is. This is why the original Trans-Pacific Partnership and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership countries, like the United States and India, were particularly attractive for other member countries.
The second is stability. Stability here encompasses social, political, economic and also environmental factors.
There is strong evidence that suggest when the country is politically stable, FDIs will increase. Political stability is an important determinant for high FDI inflows. FDI is a long-term investment activity and every type of threat discourages FDI inflows.
Multinational corporations avoid FDI in cases of political instability due to high risk and switch to risk-free countries. For any developing country, FDI inflow is an integral part of development and growth. Without FDIs, transfer of technology and know-how will not be able to happen organically between international and local firms.
The third factor is the ease of doing business in Malaysia. Although Malaysia's ranking has improved in terms of policies, there are still reports of unclear guidelines, lack of one-stop centres for investors, overcrowding of different sectors by state-owned enterprises and difficulties hiring workers by both local and international firms.
The fourth factor is externalities. Given the impact of the pandemic and the weakening of global trade and rising trade tensions in the past year, FDI inflows in general are affected worldwide. To manage externalities, clear policies that are communicated well can provide stability to investors and industries. This ties back to the second factor on stability.
In a nutshell, attracting the "right type" of investors will not ensure the attractiveness of Malaysia as an investors' destination in the long run. Policymakers need to look at improving market size through free-trade agreements, providing stability through clear policies and regulations, improving on ease of doing business and managing other externalities.
When the foundation is laid out well, Malaysia can be attractive again for all types of investors.
The writer is a fellow in the Economics, Trade and Regional Integration programme, Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS) Malaysia
Source: NST


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Linda loves being Janine's boss at the Queen Vic as Mick leaves in EastEnders
Linda Carter (Kellie Bright) and Janine Butcher (Charlie Brooks) find themselves holding the fort in EastEnders soon as Mick (Danny Dyer) and Shirley (Linda Henry) leave.
Don't worry, while we know Danny is leaving soon, this isn't an official exit – more like a holiday.
The week begins with Janine not in the best of moods, as she learns Mick is planning on supporting Linda ahead of her meeting with the social worker, which has been organised after Linda drank and crashed her car with baby Annie inside.
The next day, Sharon (Letitia Dean) tells Linda she doesn't have to prove herself to anyone, but she confidently tells Mick she wants to return to work at the pub.
Mick eventually agrees but tells Linda that he's off to see Zsa Zsa with Shirley soon, so the only people looking after the pub will just be her and Janine.
As Mick and Shirl head off, Linda starts to enjoy bossing Janine around at The Vic.
But will this end in disaster?
Or could they find some common ground while Mick and Shirley are away?
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