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Rudolf Steiner's Gesamtausgabe (GA)
The Gesamtausgabe (GA) - or in English, Collected Works (CW) - of Rudolf Steiner's foundational contribution to spiritual science encompasses some 100.000 pages and consists of over 350 volumes that are hopefully nearing completion by 2025. The majority of the content are the 4550 lectures with notes, from the 6200 lectures given in over 120 cities and 13 countries in the period between 1904 and 1924.
History of the GA
Rudolf Steiner gave more than 6200 lectures in over 120 cities and 13 countries across Europe in the period between 1904 and 1924. The exact number varies depending on the source, as no records are available for about a quarter of all lectures. Hence the figures below should be considered indicative and corresponding to reality, but not necessarily of digital accuracy.
Though he traveled across Europe, analysis shows that the base location from which the majority of lectures were given was Berlin before the first world war WWI (1669 lectures), and moved to Dornach during and after WWI (1813 lectures), with Stuttgart being the third main location especially after WWI (761 lectures). In total 65% of all lectures were held in these three locations Berlin, Dornach and Stuttgart (4274 of 6651). At the peak between 100 and 300 lectures per year were held in these locations, in other years between 30 and 70. The fourth major location is Munich, especially before WWI (302 lectures). So approx 70% of all lectures was held in those four locations (4576 of 6651 or 69%). After this follows Basel and Leipzig also with over 100 lectures in total.
To connect to the atmosphere of Berlin in this period 1900-1910 where Steiner held many important lecture cycles, you can view for example the first 3 minutes of the following movies on youtube - movie A and movie B - of Berlin in the beginning of last century. This site also has a download version of the short excerpt in case the video goes offline.
A second movie - here on youtube - contains similar footage of various European cities. The major cities in this movie that Rudolf Steiner traveled to around this time were Paris (37 lectures 1906-1924) , London (38 lectures 1902-1924, of which 28 in 1922-24) , Amsterdam (14 lectures, of which 7 in 1921), Stockholm (31 lectures in 1908-13).
There are some periods of say twenty seconds in these short 'evocation' movies that allow one to transpose one's mind to this period when Steiner walked around on these streets to his lectures. For people who know they were incarnated in this period, this may arouse a certain soul feeling
For a breakdown of the GA in the various elements both in terms of format and contents, we refer to the sources below. Not focusing on the written works or artworks, the focus on this site is predominantly on the thousands of lectures that constitute the bulk of the available written materials on spiritual science.
Rudolf Steiner's life timeline
Schema FMC00.124 gives an overview on Rudolf Steiner's adult life and especially his lecturing activity in the three main seven year periods (in colour), the three moon nodes (in grey on the left), and some milestones in the right columns.
See also 1923-06-GA258 and more specifically 1923-06-15-GA258 and 1923-06-15-GA258 where Rudolf Steiner looks back on the three periods of seven years, and speaks about the 21 year rhythm in 1923-06-17-GA258. From the synopsis:
- First period: the development of the basic content of the science of the spirit. View of natural science. The journal Luzifer-Gnosis.
- The second period: exploration of the Gospels, Genesis, the Christian tradition. Expansion of the anthroposophical understanding of Christianity as such. The spread of anthroposophy into the artistic field through performance of the Mystery Dramas in Munich. Reasons which led to the expulsion from the Theosophical Society. Summary of the first two phases. The opposition which grew in strength after construction of the Goetheanum began. Development of eurythmy. The booklet Thoughts in Time of War and the inner opposition which it provoked within the society. The being of Anthroposophia.
- The third phase: fertilization and renewal of the sciences and social relationships. The conditions governing the existence of the Anthroposophical Society. A more open-hearted form had to be found for the three objects of the society: fraternity, comparative study of religions and the study of the spiritual world.
The foundational books
The following books written by Rudolf Steiner can be seen as a foundation for anthroposophy or spiritual science in general:
- 1894-GA004 - Philosophy of Freedom (PoF)
- 1902-GA008 - Christianity As Mystical Fact (and the Mysteries of Antiquity)
- 1904-GA009 - Theosophy
- 1905-GA010 - Knowledge of the Higher Worlds (KHW)
- 1910-GA013 - Outline of Esoteric Science (OES)
Furthermore, a 'reference' book is the compilation of written essays of 1904 later compiled in book form and first published in German in 1939
- 1904 - GA011 - Cosmic Memory
The important difference with the rest of the GA is that these are works written by Rudolf Steiner as books (to be read sequentially), whereas the body of lectures covers twenty years of lecturing to the most varied audiences across Europe and these spoken lectures don't always have the accuracy of written works, or may contain errors.
See also online Five Base Books
These five books shed light on different matters, or can be seen as entry points into various dimensions of spiritual science:
- PoF is the most important philosophical work about Man's epistemology, consciousness and freedom
- Christianity as a mystical fact is the base work for The Michaelic stream, see also GA087 with lectures of 1901 and 1902
and then the three main books:
- Theosophy is the most introductory book providing a view on Man - the human being and Man's bodily principles
- KHW is about spiritual development and Initiation (with a section on that also in OES)
- OES is the main reference work for matters of Evolution and Spiritual hierarchies, supplemented with Cosmic Memory as a flanker. OES is a study work, Cosmic Memory is a much easier first read to get started.
Capturing the lectures
There were five official stenographers, not all professional. Rudolf Steiner was concerned that the texts of the lectures should not be taken as the written word. Not only were the lectures in the spoken word very much tuned to what lived in the audience, but the reflections of these lectures cannot taken verbatim. Furthermore rather heavy editing was applied in the course of decades, where new editors made ever new editions.
Schema FMC00.340 is an illustration of original stenographic lecture notes, and shows Helene Finckh, (one of, or) the main stenographer(s) of Rudolf Steiner's lectures.
Schema FMC00.120 provides a high level overview of the lectures of which records are available.
Process and positioning
In one century, many hundreds of people worldwide have worked on the GA.
- Starting with the stenographers and transcribers who created the typoscripts at the time of the lectures.
- Then generations of editors that not only produced the lecture texts from all available sources, but also worked on the multiple editions over the decades.
- Then translators from the German originals to the many languages: English, Spanish, Russian, French, Dutch, Portuguese, Italian, ..
- And ultimately publishers.
Not forgetting
- the initiatives by people who scanned and OCR-ed the published text to make them available in digital format on the internet
- the audio versions in German and English.
The GA itself, as we know it today therefore has passed through multiple generations .. just as there have been many generations of people who have worked and maintained it, and are still doing so today.
Schema FMC00.341 illustrates the process from attending the lecture to publication in the GA
Before the GA
- Marie Steiner's work on publishing and owning the editorials , starting 1923 upto her death in 1948
- Adolph Arenson's 1930 listing of the 50 top lecture cycles, see online overview. Note these cycle numbers were used as lecture reference numbers by anthroposophists before the GA started. So antho literature upto the 1950-60s will use these cycle numbers. The book 'Leitfaden durch 50 Vortragszyklen Rudolf Steiners' continued to be published until long after the GA, and upto today. The eight edition of 1984 (1000+ pages) contains an introduction of how this initiative came into being after thorough preparatory talks with Rudolf Steiner, and in-depth work between Feb-1918 and May-1925.
- Leading thoughts. Rudolf Steiner's own initiative to provide a 'dashboard' overview to the contents of his work, arose with the compilation of 185 Leitsätze or Leading Thoughts published as 1925-GA026, see Anthroposophical Leading Thoughts. Regarding In Newsletter to members Nr 31 in 1924, Rudolf Steiner wrote (freely translated here):
For more info see Carl Unger (1878-1929): 'The language of the consciousness soul - A guide to Rudolf Steiner's Leading Thoughts' (2012 in EN, original 1930 in DE 'Aus der Sprache der Bewusstseinsseele: Unter Zugrundelegung der Leitsätze Rudolf Steiners').. the work that is made available in the printed lectures and cycles should not all to be readily be underestimated By reading together and integrating all that can be found separated in these individual lectures and cycles, one can find back the perspectives from which is spoken in the Leading Thoughts.
The GA idea, plan and project initiative
- First ideas from Ehrenfried Pfeiffer in 1947 and first proposal in 1953 by Teichert and Picht
- Foundational plan for editorial work and publications by Hella Wiesberger in 1961, updated in 1984 (PDF available in references below)
Roll-out of publications
Schema FMC00.072 below shows the number of GA volumes published per year. Upto 1980 the data is based on Mottelli, afterwards no exact data was available. Since the GA2025 the data is again available.
It shows that in the period 1960-1980 (both years inclusive), a yearly average of 13 volumes per year was published for a total of 277 volumes in those 21 years and for a total of 289 volumes in 1980. This of course was able to build on the large volume of material that had been published in the fifty years from say 1910 to 1960, now fitting al the available publications after re-editing and bundling into the new GA framework.
Although no exact data are available for the period afterwards, it's clear that the pace dropped afterwards in the period 1980 to 2010.
Existing volumes were revised and updated regularly with consecutive editions.
Amazingly, key materials only got published very late, examples are GA089 and GA091.
Schema FMC00.073 shows the cumulative number of volumes in the published GA
The Uranos/Steinerdatenbank initiative
The making available of original typoscripts, also for unpublished lectures
The GA2025 initiative
Get everything out by 2025, one century after Rudolf Steiner's death, for more info see the GA2025 page.
Individual contributions - a few profiles
Certain individuals have played a key role in the process, others stood out for special reasons. There are too many to mention, but some examples will illustrate:
- Marie Steiner and Hella Wiesberger
- Helene Finckh (stenographer)
- Anna Meuss (translator to English)
Various more
Rudolf Steiner's work as a painter
- Rudolf Halfen and Walter Kugler (editors): 'Das malerische Werk' (Mit Erläuterungen und einem dokumentarischen Anhang (2007)
- Reproduktionen aus dem malerischen Werk von Rudolf Steiner
- Naturstimmungen: Neun Schulungsskizzen für Maler. Pastelle 1922
The English version
History and the first translations
stories from the very early days
The rsarchive initiative
The Collected Works initiative
Two main publishers of the English CW:
- Rudolf Steiner Press (UK): https://www.rudolfsteinerpress.com/
- SteinerBooks (US): https://steinerbooks.org/
Other publishers in English:
- Temple Lodge Publishing (UK): https://www.templelodge.com/
- Floris Books (UK): https://www.florisbooks.co.uk/
others: Anastasia, Mercury Press, Adonis Press, Completion Press
Practical guidelines
This section gives some practical guidelines for students working in English:
- how to get hold of old translations, use of the audio versions, etc
Tips: take care to trust only one available version if your study goes deep into something where you base yourself upon one lecture. In some cases the version on rsarchive is incomplete or even erroneous (eg 1906-07-29-GA097 on Wagner and blood at the MoG, or the GA215 cycle), or with terrible old translations. You will find the same if you listen to the audio versions, and then go to look for quotes or sections in the rsarchive. If multiple versions are available, parse more than one. In many cases I still bought the books to get better versions scanned and OCR-ed for personal study - thus allowing parsing and annotation. The rsarchive is a wonderful and unique tool, use it but make sure not to stop there.
The English audio version
The pioneer of this effort was Rick Mansell who (translated and) read-to-tape some 1900 lectures of Rudolf Steiner between 1939-1981. These are still available from The Rosenkreutz Institute in the US (payable)
Dale Brunsvold started his reading and recording efforts in 1980's. Since 2005 these materials, over 2000 files and over 1200 hours of reading time, are freely available and downloadeable from his website rudolfsteineraudio.com
The GA in other languages
Languages worldwide
XL or PDF file here
XL or PDF file here
XL or PDF file here
XL or PDF file here
XL or PDF file here
Problems with using the GA
(no critique, just practical consequences of it's structure)
- the segmentation does not respect chronology or context (examples)
- changes in allocation of lectures to GA volumes
The Blackboard Drawings and original illustrations
FMC00.342 shows that over a thousand of Rudolf Steiner's BBDs have been published and are available in thirty volumes. The GA volume mapping cross-reference will be added later.
For more info, see:
- Martina Maria Sam: Bildspuren der Imaginations - Rudolf Steiners Tafelzeichnungen als Denkbilder (2000)
- as a quick reference, hereby a partial index: Digital RSL BlackBoard Drawings - index only
FMC00.342A provides illustrations from exhibitions of the Blackboard Drawings
FMC00.342B provides a quick reference table with the mapping of what original BBD drawings by Rudolf Steiner are available in the 30 volumes of the official publications.
For those that are not covered, only the drawings are available of people who attended the lectures and copied the drawing from the blackboard. These are available on steinerdatenbank.
The Notebooks
Rudolf Steiner left approx. 600 notebooks with entries on which he comments himself below. Only some of these have been published as part of the GA volumes, the notebooks have not been published themselves, only one book exists which is hard to find, see references below.
These notebook entries may be cryptic, but some can provide breakthrough clues, some examples:
- Walter Cloos found a key clue in a notebook entry, that allowed him to put all the puzzle pieces of his understanding together, as he explains in his book 'The Living Earth', see Mineral kingdom page. The book uses the few densely written phrases of the notebook entry as a leitmotiv for the whole book and the many chapters structured around it.
- Schema FMC00.326 on the Kundalini page
- Christ Module 9: Trinity and Logoi#.5B5.5D - Christ.2C the cosmic I.2C and relation to the spiritual hierarchies
Rudolf Steiner mentioned in lectures how the notebooks came into being, and what they contained. Below are some quotes (not exhaustive) as illustrations. A first lecture where he mentions this 1923-04-30-GA084.
Hence, allow me in conclusion to say something personal by way of illustration, although this is not meant to be personal, but is meant rather to be entirely objective.
If you really want to capture that which is disclosed by the spiritual world, you need presence of mind, because it slips so to speak, turns away quickly; it is fleeting. That which is to a certain extent advanced through an improvement in the power of memory imprints itself only with difficulty upon the ordinary memory. One must use all of his strength to bring down what he beholds in the spiritual world, to bring this down to ordinary language, to ordinary memory-thought.
I would not be able to lecture about these things if I did not try by all means to bring down what arises in me of what can be beheld in the spiritual world, especially to really bring these thought-words down into physically audible regions. One cannot comprehend with the mere head, because the entire human being must to a certain extent become a sense organ, but a spiritually developed sense organ.
Therefore I attempt every time — it is my custom, another has another one — I attempt every time if something is given to me from the spiritual world, not merely to think it through as I receive it from the spiritual world, but to write it down as well, or to record it with some characteristic stroke, so that the arms and hands are involved as well as the soul organs. So something else other than the mere head, which remains only in abstract ideas, must be involved in these findings: the entire person.
I have in this way entire truckloads of fully-written notebooks that I never again look at, which are only there in order to be descriptions, in order to provide preliminary work in the physical world for that which is from the spiritual world, so that the spiritually beheld world can then really be clothed in words; whereby the thoughts of which memories are usually formed or that usually apply in life can actually be penetrated — Thus one obtains a science that relates to the whole person.
(see also 1923-04-30-GA084)
In order to render it clear that super-sensible knowledge cannot really be a mere head-knowledge, but lays hold upon the human being in a vastly more living and intense way than head-knowledge, I should like to mention the following. Whoever is accustomed to a living participation in ordinary knowledge — as every true super-sensible knower should really be — knows that the head participates in this ordinary knowledge. If he then ascends, especially if he has been active through his entire life in the ordinary knowledge, to super-sensible knowledge, the situation becomes such that he must exert all his powers in order to keep firm hold upon this super-sensible knowledge which comes upon him, which manifests itself to him. He observes that the power by means of which one holds fast to an idea about nature, to a law of nature, to the course of an experiment or of a clinical observation, is very slight in comparison with the inner force of soul which must be unfolded in order to hold fast to the perception of a super-sensible being.
And here I have always found it necessary not only, so to speak, to employ the head in order to hold firmly to these items of super-sensible knowledge, but to support the force which the head can employ by means of other organs — for example by means of the hand. If we sketch in a few strokes something that we have reached through super-sensible research, if we fix it in brief characteristic sentences or even in mere words, then this thing — which we have brought into existence not merely by means of a force evoked through the nerve system applied in ordinary cognition, but have brought into existence by means of a force drawing upon a wide expanse of the organism as a support for our cognition, — this thing becomes something which produces the result that we possess these items of super-sensible knowledge not as something momentary, that they do not fall away from us like dreams, but that we are able to retain them.
I may disclose to you, therefore, that I really find it necessary to work in general always in this way, and that I have thus produced wagon-loads of notebooks in my lifetime which I have never again looked into. For the necessary thing here lies in the activity; and the result of the activity is that one retains in spirit what has sought to manifest itself, not that one must read these notes again. Obviously, this writing or sketching is nothing automatic, mediumistic, but just as conscious as that which one employs in connection with scientific work or any other kind of work. And its only reason for existence lies in the fact that what presses upon us in the form of super-sensible knowledge must be grasped with one's whole being. But the result of this is that it affects, in turn, the whole human being, grasps the whole person, is not limited to an impression upon the head, goes further to produce impressions upon the whole human life in heart and mind.
FMC00.339 shows the Rudolf Steiner's notebooks in the archive in Dornach
FMC00.339A shows some illustrative examples of notebook entries.
Related pages
- Tools and practical site info
- Navigating anthroposophical resources
- Individuality of Rudolf Steiner
- Navigating anthroposophical resources#.5B1.5D - Study companions for GA volumes
References and further reading
- Hella Wiesberger and Emil Mötteli: 'Bibliographische Übersicht, Das literarische und künstlerische Werk von Rudolf Steiner'(1984)
- Archivmagazin
- Die Rudolf Steiner Gesamtausgabe: Aktueller Stand und Abschlussplanung - Archivmagazin Nr 5 Aug 2016
- Michael Schweizer: 'Zur Qualität der stenografischen Mitschriften von Rudolf Steiners Vorträgen' - Archivmagazin Nr 6 Jun 2017
- Rudolf Steiner Archiv
- Martina Maria Sam: Bildspuren der Imaginations - Rudolf Steiners Tafelzeichnungen als Denkbilder (2000)
- The notebooks of Rudolf Steiner, edited by Etsuko Watari and Walter Kugler, Watari Museum of contemporary art (Tokyo), (2000)
- Irene Diet:
- 'Das Geheimnis der Sprache Rudolf Steiners. Vom ungelösten Rätsel des Verstehens' (2011)
- 'Ist die «Rudolf Steiner Gesamtausgabe» das Werk Rudolf Steiners? Eine historische Studie' (2013)
- 'Welches Recht hat Rudolf Steiner selbst an seinem Werk? Anmerkungen zum Projekt des Rudolf Steiner Archivs, bis 2025 die Gesamtausgabe abzuschließen' (2016)


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Like it or leave, Hanson tells candidates
Pauline Hanson has told her WA candidates to leave the party if they're not happy with her decision to exchange preferences with the Liberal Party.
In a sign of the fragility of One Nation, Senator Hanson said she ran the party and made the decisions on policy and preferences.
It comes after disquiet among many of the party's 45 WA candidates about the deal for the Liberal Party to preference One Nation ahead of the Nationals in the Upper House.
In return, One Nation will preference the Liberal Party in Lower House seats. Senator Hanson said the deal was aimed at maximising One Nation's electoral chances, not at helping Premier Colin Barnett.
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READ NOWPeople upset about it should consider leaving the party.
"I'll tell these candidates there, if you're not happy with this, if you're not prepared to follow direction, then please, I suggest, that you walk away from the party," she told the ABC's 7.30 program.
"You stand as an independent, because you will not be welcome, I will not have this dissension now," she told the ABC's 7.30 program tonight.
"Now, I have to make the decisions, I am leader of this party.
"If they're not happy with it, everyone has a choice. Don't stand under my name."
The threat may come too late as the WA Electoral Commission this week listed all candidates by their party.
In 1996, when Senator Hanson was disendorsed by the Liberal Party, she remained a Liberal candidate on the ballot paper.
The Liberal-One Nation preference deal continues to dog Malcolm Turnbull.
Yesterday, the PM was pressed on comments alleged to have been made on Facebook by One Nation's candidate for Bateman, Michelle Myers.
Labor frontbencher Tony Burke said Ms Myers had claimed the "gay community has developed a covert mind control project to campaign for marriage quality" that had been developed by Soviets and nazis.
Mr Turnbull would not be drawn, instead saying Labor took preferences from the Greens who advocated the de-industrialisation of Australia.
"The fact of the matter is, in a preferential system, parties will reach preference deals in order to maximise their chances of success, the Labor Party has done that, and the coalition parties have done that, too," he said.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Hershey's Upcoming Earnings: What You Need To Know
Hershey (NYS: HSY) is expected to report Q3 earnings on Oct. 25. Here's what Wall Street wants to see:
The 10-second takeaway
Comparing the upcoming quarter to the prior-year quarter, average analyst estimates predict Hershey's revenues will expand 7.4% and EPS will expand 2.4%.
The average estimate for revenue is $1.74 billion. On the bottom line, the average EPS estimate is $0.86.
Revenue details
Last quarter, Hershey chalked up revenue of $1.41 billion. GAAP reported sales were 6.7% higher than the prior-year quarter's $1.33 billion.
Source: S&P Capital IQ. Quarterly periods. Dollar amounts in millions. Non-GAAP figures may vary to maintain comparability with estimates.
EPS details
Last quarter, non-GAAP EPS came in at $0.66. GAAP EPS of $0.59 for Q2 were 5.4% higher than the prior-year quarter's $0.56 per share.
Source: S&P Capital IQ. Quarterly periods. Non-GAAP figures may vary to maintain comparability with estimates.
Recent performance
For the preceding quarter, gross margin was 44.7%, 160 basis points better than the prior-year quarter. Operating margin was 17.1%, about the same as the prior-year quarter. Net margin was 9.6%, 20 basis points worse than the prior-year quarter.
Looking ahead
The full year's average estimate for revenue is $6.58 billion. The average EPS estimate is $3.23.
Investor sentiment
The stock has a three-star rating (out of five) at Motley Fool CAPS, with 526 members out of 634 rating the stock outperform, and 108 members rating it underperform. Among 193 CAPS All-Star picks (recommendations by the highest-ranked CAPS members), 167 give Hershey a green thumbs-up, and 26 give it a red thumbs-down.
Of Wall Street recommendations tracked by S&P Capital IQ, the average opinion on Hershey is outperform, with an average price target of $69.93.
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The article Hershey's Upcoming Earnings: What You Need To Know originally appeared on Fool.com.
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A lot of changes can occur in a place in 20 years. That is how long since I last visited the University of Limerick. At that time it was relatively easy to find ones way around the campus. Parking was plentiful. Nowadays there is a labyrinth of roads and parking is difficult to find.
I waited in a line of cars to enter the public parking lot for about thirty minutes. I assumed there was space for about 30 vehicles inside the barrier. (That was all I could see.) When I eventually got in I was amazed to see hundreds of cars. One can park there for unlimited time for 3 Euros. Parking illegally will get a clamp on your wheel or the services of a towing business. I had intended conducting the business for which I had come and getting out of there in perhaps one hour.
Instead I ended up spending several enjoyable hours on the campus. The place was a hive of activity with students, faculty and construction workers. (There are additions being built.) I walked across the river on the amazing Living Bridge (An Droichead Beo) which was opened on January 21, 2010 by Mary McAleese, who was the President of Ireland at that time. The structure is designed to move slightly which can be quite disconcerting. I enjoyed soup and a sandwich in the Blas Café.
There are a number of eating places on the campus – I saw three but there may be more. In fact, there are many facilities for the students including a supermarket, book store, laundry, travel agency and bank. Buses arrive and depart constantly. There are numerous bicycle and motorcycle parking bays. The whole place is extremely pedestrian friendly with lots of crossing places. While it is possible to drive throughout the campus the speeds of vehicles is kept in check with ramps (really large speed bumps). There are many places I would like to see that practice enforced. The landscaping is well thought out and I would like to visit in summer when the trees are in bloom.
Enjoyed this 'visit' to the campus, PJ. Go raibh maith agat for sharing!
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The family finances should be just that—a project that involves the entire family. Far too often, one person in the family is responsible for the finances. While this might seem like a good solution if that person is smart about money and interested in keeping track of it, it means that in the event of divorce or death, the other spouse may be at a great disadvantage. Furthermore, it can mean that kids grow up with little knowledge about how to manage money themselves. This can mean getting mired in overwhelming debt in young adulthood that it could take them years to dig out of. Working together to save money as a family means everyone is knowledgeable and invested.
Table of Contents
Get the Data
The first step is to get a clear picture of the family's financial situation. If no one is on top of this, there are programs and apps that can help track spending. Once you've figured out the basics of what's incoming and outgoing, you can start to make changes. One area that usually surprises families is how much they are spending on groceries and meals out or takeout, and it's usually fairly easy to rein in some of this spending. Be sure to identify the goals you're saving toward so that you are motivated. You should also be creative in looking at ways to save. For example, you might not have considered refinancing your mortgage or your student loans to save money. Interest rates on student loans can mean you are paying a lot more than the original loan each month, but if you have good credit and interest rates are low, you may be able to significantly lower your payments, with more available cash by refinancing.
Family Meetings
Couples should make an effort to sit down weekly or monthly and have a discussion about money. This ensures that they are both on the same page and that discussing finances becomes a regular, comfortable part of their relationship. From time to time, the entire family should participate in these conversations as well. Your 10-year-old doesn't need sophisticated knowledge about investing and tax strategies, but kids can participate in some of the decisions about what to buy at the grocery store and what to spend the family entertainment budget on. Kids can also take a look at the cost of extracurricular activities they are interested in and choose the ones they truly want to pursue. Older teens may be able to start earning money to spend on these types of activities. These meetings should not be a source of stress for kids but presented as an empowering opportunity to choose where the family money should go.
Remember Rewards
To remind yourself and teach your kids that responsible money management isn't about having to constantly deny yourself, be sure to build rewards into your planning. You don't want to blow all your savings on a celebration, but it's okay to splurge now and again. Even better, you can consider rewards that cost little to no money. This can be particularly good for kids, equipping them with the knowledge that they don't have to spend a lot to enjoy themselves.


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Your body's a temple. That's why you abuse it, punish it. That's why you sacrifice it... Push it to the limit with every crushing lift. Lifting is an all out war. This is how you train. But being an Animal is more than just training. It's the way you live. It's an in-your-face attitude few can even comprehend. This is a life devoted to iron.
Look, it's not about fancy gym equipment or gear. Your training is hardcore, no-frills. You make a statement by the way you train, not by what you wear. It's because of you, the dedicated warrior, the Animal, that we've been making hardcore training "packs". Because when it coms to supplementation, Animal is all business.
For over twenty years, Animal packs have been found in the gym bags, lockers and kitchen cabinets of champions all over the world: Mr. Olympia winners, world powerlifting record-holders, and Olympic gold medalists. Why? Because Animal gives you everything you need, and nothing you don't–all conveniently dosed in a clear "pack". No hype, no nonsense, no bullshit. Best of all, there's no guesswork involved. You don't have to stack different supplements together. They're built right into every can. Because inside every pack of every Animal can, you get complete, time-tested supplements that work.
This is what makes Animal so unique in a world full of hype and gimmicks. We promise real results and we stand behind every product we sell with a full 100% guarantee. No one else come even close. With Animal, you get the confidence of a proven track record. After all, Animal has stood the toughest test of all, the test of time. So when you're ready for the next level, turn to Animal, the original hardcore training supplements. The one and only, since 1983.


text:
Driving Services
Driving, Truck, and Moving Services Anywhere in the Continental U.S.!
Greendriver4u is your driving solution. We're based in Leonardtown, Maryland, and will drive your rented truck (i.e., Penske, U-Haul, etc.) anywhere in the continental U.S.
Our company motto is, "One client, one truck, one load, one delivery." We'll never combine your load with another client's load on the same truck. We use the same truck to pick up your load as we do to deliver it, and handle your load as if each item was our own. In other words, we treat your belongings as we'd want others to treat ours.
Our delivery time is the actual time it takes to safely drive from your pickup location to your drop-off location. We never take your load to a warehouse to sit until we get more loads that are going to the same state as your load before yours can be delivered to the new location.
There are no hidden costs. We don't give you one quote and then call you after the truck is loaded and the driver has left telling you that the cost is more because there were stairs, or that the driver had to park so many feet from the doorway.
With our quote, you'll receive a breakdown of all costs in advance, so you'll know exactly what you're paying for.
We give you an estimate of fuel costs based on current prices, and when our driver stops for fuel, he'll get a receipt. We present all fuel receipts upon delivery of your load, and if the total fuel cost was less than we estimated, we reimburse you the difference.Our drivers use a current GPS system along with printed directions and a cell phone to keep in contact with you. You'll know exactly when our driver will arrive at your delivery address. Our driver will call you twice a day (morning and evening) to keep you informed of his progress. You'll also have our driver's cell phone number so you can stay in direct contact.
Our company is based more on providing a good service than it is based on how much money we can make. We try to save our clients money in every way we can.


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Batman Armory Alfred Pennyworth The Dark Knight 1/6 12 Figur MMS235 Hot Toys. 12 (304.8mm) Limitierte Edition. The 1/6th scale Batman Armory Collectible features.
Authentically detailed 1/6th scale Batman Armory in The Dark Knight. Light-up function on armory ceiling with remote control. The 1/6th scale Batman Collectible Figure features. One (1) Batman head with patented Parallel Eyeball Rolling System (PERS) and four (4) interchangeable lower part of faces capturing his classic facial expressions. One (1) complex Batman body featuring fabric material covered with armor. One (1) pair of black boots. Six (6) pieces of interchangeable gloved palms including. One (1) pair of fists. One (1) pair of relaxed palms.One (1) left open palm. One (1) right palm for holding batarang. Three (3) Batarangs for attaching to utility belt. One (1) set of wire.
One (1) set of drill bits. Two (2) holders for Batarangs attachable to utility belt.
Three (3) holders attachable to utility belt. Five (5) sets of grappling gun clips. Twenty seven (27) rounds of ammo. Armory stand with the movie logo.The 1/6th scale Alfred Pennyworth Collectible Figure features. Authentic and detailed fully realized likeness of Sir Michael Caine as Alfred Pennyworth in The Dark Knight. Movie-accurate facial features with detailed wrinkles and skin texture. Body with over 30 points of articulations.
Seven (7) pieces of interchangeable palms including. One (1) pair of holding palms. Each piece of head sculpt is specially hand-painted. One (1) pair of black pants. One (1) pair of black shoes.
The item "Batman Armory Alfred Pennyworth The Dark Knight 1/6 12 Figur MMS235 Hot Toys" is in sale since Monday, January 26, 2015. This item is in the category "Filme & DVDs\Film-Fanartikel\Aufsteller & Figuren". The seller is "de_toydealer_de" and is located in Göppingen.
This item can be shipped worldwide.


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All games shall be conducted under most current Laws of Soccer as recognized by the United States Soccer Federation unless otherwise stated herein or in the Constitution and By-Laws of the Organization. The word "He/She", "His/Hers", or "Him/Her" is used in the universal sense. Anything contained herein requiring clarification and/or interpretation shall be decided upon by the Rules and Regulations Committee plus one (1) Officer. The Executive Board will review the decisions of the Rules and Regulations Committee.
The Protest Committee (PC) shall consist of the Rules and Regulations Committee plus one (1) Officer.


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Congressional Hispanic Caucus members come out in support of EPA proposal
Source: Amanda Peterka, E&E reporter • Posted: Thursday, April 10, 2014
Last fall, EPA proposed to lower the conventional ethanol mandate by 1.4 billion gallons compared to the level set out in the 2007 statute that created the renewable fuel standard, citing limits to the amount of ethanol that can be used in today's fuel market. The agency also proposed to lower the targets for advanced biofuels (E&ENews PM, Nov. 15, 2013).
Members of the administration have indicated that the final proposal could look at least a little different from the proposed rule because of a recent increase in the amount of gasoline being used in the country. EPA is currently weighing comments on the proposal.
"We would ask that you stay the course," the Congressional Hispanic Caucus members wrote.
The members said it would like to see a mandate that keeps the corn ethanol volume lower than 10 percent of the nation's total gasoline supply. Most gasoline sold today contains 10 percent ethanol.
Earlier this year, the Congressional Black Caucus came out in support of EPA's proposal.
The ethanol industry has slammed the proposed rollback, warning that it would hurt rural economies and undermine the nation's greenhouse gas emissions and energy security goals. They dispute findings by the livestock industry that corn ethanol has raised costs, as well as findings by the oil and gas industry that increasing the amount of ethanol in gasoline up to 15 percent would damage car engines.


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What Does Inviting to Allah's Path Mean?
Nouman Ali Khan
Podcast: Download
What does Allah say about explaining Islam to others? How do we communicate our faith and invite people to Islam?
All lectures by Nouman Ali Khan
Please make dua for the following who help contribute monthly to Halal Tube to cover our hosting costs:
- Abu Ilyas
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One Response to " Nouman Ali Khan – What Does Inviting to Allah's Path Mean? "
Calling to the path of Allah (swt) means calling the society to live by the teachings of Muhammad (saw), as was sent to him by Allah (swt). The most vital issue right now is inviting people to live by the system of Islam, strive to change the secular society we find ourselves in. The Rasool worked to change people by changing the societies. Dawah was not restricted to individuals, rather, it was never about individuals because changing the socio-political structure means changing the individual.


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LandscapingNetwork.com Reveals Emerging Landscaping Ideas & Trends
LandscapingNetwork.com reviews five emerging landscaping ideas from around the country for gardens and yards.
Calimesa, CA December 8, 2011- Trending landscaping ideas from around the country feature inspiring and unique designs that enhance residential landscapes. www.LandscapingNetwork.com takes a look at emerging yard and garden trends that are popping up at homes across the U.S., and offers tips for achieving the same look at home.
More and more, landscape designers are finding innovative ways to transform residential landscapes. The standard lawn and patio combinations have long been replaced with new, trendy design styles and philosophies. From low maintenance designs to playful Asian-inspired trends, consumers are focusing design plans on what's most important to them.
One of five emerging trends is the lawn-free revolution. These designs are chosen for more reasons than their sustainability benefits, but also because they're easier and cheaper to maintain. Mixing succulents, cacti, rocks and other features are great ways to replace a lawn.
Another growing trend in landscaping is the idea of artful gardening. Incorporating a single sculptural piece or other artful decoration can elevate any garden. Explore unique art sculptures made from concrete at www.ConcreteNetwork.com. Concrete sculptures can be custom designed and colored to fit any space.
Get more information on these and three other popular landscaping trends, including animal friendly designs, vegetable gardens that fit just about anywhere, and "Wabi-Sabi" inspired yards at LandscapingNetwork.com.
Stay up-to-date on the latest landscaping trends and industry features through the site's Facebook page at www.Facebook.com/landscapingnetwork.
Photo courtesy of LandscapingNetwork.com.
About LandscapingNetwork.com
LandscapingNetwork.com works with a team of professional landscape designers and writers to bring together the very best landscaping resources and information available. Homeowners, landscape designers and architects, builders and more can also stay up-to-date through the site's extensive collection of articles, landscaping photos and videos on landscape design ideas, products and more.
For consumers ready to turn their landscaping design dreams into reality, the site offers an easy-to-use Find a Professional directory to find local landscape designers and contractors throughout the United States and Canada.


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NottsWatch hold quarterly review meetings early April, July, October and January. This enables us to review our actions and results against our objectives. For 20-21 we plan to refine our aims to better support NHW schemes at grass roots level:
New Neighbourhood Watch (NHW) schemes in city & county
NHW Coordinator Support (including data base interrogation)
Multi-Scheme Administrator (MSA) Development & support
Website analytics/feedback
Memorandum of Understanding
Common Ground Conference
New neighbourhood watch schemes
Good Neighbour Schemes
Student Watch
Junior Neighbourhood Watch
Growth & Public Confidence from research & surveys
Hate Crime/Social Cohesion
This structure replaced our previous Management Meetings held 6-8 weekly.
Additionally, the trustees hold executive meetings to review specific policy. Members from our extended team (volunteers and professionals) are invited to join, as relevant.
Communications Team Meeting Minutes
Executive Team Meeting Minutes
Multi Scheme Administrator (MSA) Minutes
Quarterly Review Meeting Minutes
Management Team Minutes (Archive)


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Bitcoin and crowdfunding seem to be two peas in a pod, although there are hardly any successful Bitcoin-related crowdfunding platforms in existence today. One of the main reasons for this struggle is due to impending regulation on crowdfunding, and how it would affect small investors. A recent SEC ruling allows investors to buy stock in startup companies through online crowdfunding, which is great news for Bitcoin as well.
SEC Approves Purchasing Company Stock Through Online Crowdfunding
Up until this announcement was made, only "accredited investors" were allowed to partake in online crowdfunding. An "accredited investor" is someone who owns over US$1m in assets – without taking the value of their primary residence into account – or an individual who received a yearly income of US$200,000 or more in the past two years. It goes without saying these restrictions exclude over 90% of the population of this world.
All of that has come to change, as the Securities and Exchange Commission now gives small investors the opportunity to buy stock in startups through online crowdfunding. However, there will be certain limits imposed, to protect the "average person" from making too many risky investments in a brief timespan.
Any individual with an annual net income under US$100,000 can invest a maximum of US$2,000 per year through online crowdfunding. Individuals with larger incomes can invest up to 10% of their income per annum. A golden rule in the crowdfunding business is to "never invest more money than you can afford to lose", so these limits seem to make sense.
Smaller investors are not the only party facing certain limits, although the thresholds are far less strict for startup companies. According to the ruling, companies may collect up to US$1m through online crowdfunding per year, without having to register with the SEC itself. However, companies will need to provide investor details, their business plans, and a comprehensive list of the company's employee structure.
All things considered, the SEC ruling seems to be providing a step in the right direction, for both startups and smaller investors. That being said, online crowdfunding si no formula for guaranteed success by any means, and these "strict" limits are put in place to protect the consumer.
An Excellent Opportunity for Bitcoin Startups
Over the past year and a half, Bitcoin has been facing a lot of scrutiny from government officials and regulators. The disruptive digital currency operates outside of the control of banks and authorities, making it prone to harsh regulatory decisions. BitLicense, the first ever Bitcoin regulatory framework for the state of New York, is a prime example of how not to regulate digital currency.
Even though there are many Bitcoin startups looking to secure additional funds through online crowdfunding, very few of them attract smaller investors. The reason for this is simple: most Bitcoin crowdfunding platforms adhere to the same guidelines as regular online crowdfunding platforms do. In the end, only accredited investors are given the opportunity to invest in Bitcoin startups.
Due to this recent SEC ruling, the landscape has changed for Bitcoin startups as well. Whether or not these same limits apply to these companies, remains to be seen. But online crowdfunding is becoming more and more important, and Bitcoin startups will benefit from these rulings one way or another.
If you liked this article follow us on Twitter @themerklenews and make sure to subscribe to our newsletter to receive the latest bitcoin and altcoin price analysis and the latest cryptocurrency news.


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18th June 2014 - 3rd Belgian NOG meeting
Purpose of the meeting:
- The NOG meeting was organized jointly with the VLARIO Working Group 2+3 meeting. VLARIO is an independent non‐governmental and non‐profit organization in Flanders (Belgium). VLARIO is an independent non‐governmental and non‐profit organization in Flanders (Belgium); it is the consulting platform and information and knowledge centre for Flemish sewerage professionals.
- An update was given about the progress of the RainGain project and the related project PLURISK for the Belgian Science Policy Office.
- The Leuven X‐band radar was visited on the roof top of the Provinciehuis.
Update on the RainGain project for Leuven case study (Johan Van Assel, Aquafin)
Update on the RainGain WP2 en WP3 project activities and the parallel PLURISK project (Patrick Willems, KU Leuven)
Question/discussion by the participants
Visit of the Leuven X‐band radar on the roof top of the Provinciehuis


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I am the "Miracle of Life" baby all grown up. Remember watching the projected image of my head emerging from the womb on your 6th grade classroom whiteboard? Who can forget? My transformation from a microscopic cell to a glistening, incarnadine bundle was a special moment in time.
While many children were forced to watch my birth in middle school as a cautionary tale against pregnancy, I prefer to think of it as educating the masses on just how wonderfully strange life can be. There are now millions of American children who have witnessed my Miracle. That's power right there.
I watch my Miracle every day. On the train to work or on my lunch break I set aside a few minutes to watch the live footage of my birth. It humbles me. I don't care that people tend to leave the vicinity when I watch my Miracle in public; it makes me feel good. Isn't that what living is all about?
In my early twenties, I decided that I should be spreading my seed as far as I could. Of course, I am a woman so I cannot spread my seed. Instead, and against my doctor's counsel, I have donated 100 eggs to various people in need across the world. I have children everywhere!
Point is: don't listen to your doctor or anyone who tries to stifle your Miracle. Life is precious—I remind myself of that every day.
Sent from Ketchikan Correctional Center
1201 Schoenbar Road
Ketchikan, AK 99901-6270


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Despite housing American University, Tenleytown is known for being relatively quiet as a residential neighborhood with ambassador's residences tucked away and access to a range of homes from bungalows to duplexes.
When it comes to the retail, the neighborhood lags behind nearby neighborhoods like Cleveland Park and Bethesda. There are options like Whole Foods, Starbucks, and restaurants like Guapo's, though.
Residents and tourists can also discover the city's tiniest historic neighborhood, Grant Road, measuring only 33 feet wide.
Chevy Chase
Next up is Chevy Chase, a quiet residential neighborhood home to celebrities like Washington Capitals Defenseman John Carlson and Vice President-elect Mike Pence. Here, there are a range of housing options from renovated single-family homes to luxury apartments.
There is also a large park with a playground, tennis courts, and a small amphitheater. There are also retail options, but only really on a three-block stretch of Connecticut Avenue NW.
According to a RadPad report published in August of this year, Chevy Chase has one of the least income-impacted ZIP codes in the city (i.e., 20015) with renters spending a median of 20 percent of their salaries on rent.


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Around the time it was becoming socially acceptable for political scientists to accept that Donald Trump might win the Republican Party nomination for president, I wrote that perhaps the party had decided not to decide — that Trump offered useful cover for deeper and more intractable problems. While we are no longer living in those innocent times, I stand by two basic premises: Trump was a candidate who crashed the Republican Party, and the conditions within the party allowed that to happen.
People have different theories of what exactly happened during the 2016 nomination season, but I still think the most important causal factor was the party's inability to coordinate. This problem also helps explain why the GOP is so focused and ideological, and yet still so divided.
I hypothesize that there are two basic problems. First, as I wrote last spring, no one has real leverage over anyone else. Second, the Republican Party places such a high value on ideological orthodoxy that it becomes a focal point of contestation for the nomination. This has a number of repercussions, but one of them is that it's conducive to lots of candidates who claim to be the "true conservatives" or heirs to the Reagan legacy or whatever. And if the candidates and their supporters really care about and believe in ideological purity, it can be difficult to drop out and persuade supporters to go with someone else.
A few notes about the ideological purity hypothesis. It might help explain why Ted Cruz was ultimately Trump's strongest rival. It's harder to square with the fact that Trump himself ended up being the party's coordination point. Maybe "if you obsess too much about purity, you end up with a total rogue outsider" is just a weird paradoxical outcome. Or maybe Trump satisfied some criteria that were important to people who cared about purity, even if many of his ideas early on were hardly Heritage Foundation–approved.
But Trump was the only coordination point Republicans could reach. He appealed to the "law and order" crowd, to the anti-immigration and "tough on terrorism" crowds, and enough to business and evangelical interests to win the nomination and then unify the party just well enough to pull off an Electoral College victory.
Now, it turns out that when you get elected, people expect you to govern. My friend and colleague Dave Hopkins has a good explanation of the role of resentment, suggesting it is a good basis for winning elections but a bad basis for governing. His argument is sound, but the foundations bear further scrutiny. Racial animus, anti-intellectual populism, and the violent project of protecting whiteness have long been part of American party politics. (Yeah, I talked about whiteness. Go ahead and tweet at me.) Some version of these elements defined the pre-1960s Democratic Party more often than not. What makes this version different?
Purity politics is even less conducive to governing than resentment politics. I hypothesize here, again, but as we think through the implications of what's happening now, it seems important to know how to distinguish the two. They may amplify each other's effects, or they may operate separately. But I don't think they are the same thing.
Two additional coordination issues prevent the majority party from adopting policy. It really is stunning that a party with such relatively minor substantive policy differences has so much trouble coming together on a policy agenda. Not for the first time, I think there's a good chance this comes down to a lack of mechanisms for coordination: distribution of resources, conventions that allow factions to work out their differences, leadership with real carrots and sticks. Furthermore, when congressional Republicans can find a political coordination point, which they managed to do in the House for the American Health Care Act, that point isn't likely to create public policy that is broadly popular or solves the problems it aims to address.
It's not surprising that congressional majorities might sometimes have trouble figuring out what the top priorities should be, or cobbling together a coalition from the individual interests of members of Congress, whose constituents may have vastly different interests when it comes to the details of policy. Congressional leadership and procedures can help!
In modern politics, presidents have also been part of the process of defining the legislative agenda that will offer something to different groups within the party coalition. This works better if you have a president who is well-versed and invested in public policy. (It can also help if the president is popular; it's worth mentioning there's some scholarly debate about the extent of the president's power in this regard.) In other words, the same kinds of coordination problems that led to Trump's nomination can also stymie the Republican policy agenda. But while Trump could save them in electoral politics, he's not so likely to save them from their governing challenges.
What are the implications of this? First of all, this is really a set of theories about parties, and not specifically about the Trump presidency. But it highlights how closely the nature of the selection process is connected to the presidency itself, even though the discipline of political science treats these as separate topics.
Even though it's tempting to think about this party challenge as mostly a procedural one, its deep substantive roots are important too. American politics will eventually reach a point where it has to address its racial issues, not simply swirl them into a mix of colorblind and coded appeals. That point is almost certainly past due.
Finally, I'd like to pick up on a point that Hopkins also raised his post: Are Democrats susceptible to similar problems? Purity politics hasn't been as big a part of Democratic rhetoric. But dismantling the mechanisms of collective action is just as popular — maybe more popular — on the left.
The DNC has invited a lot of criticism, fair or not. Left-wing populism tends to aim at different targets than right-wing populism. But its basic tropes of empowering the people and demonizing powerful elites are similarly incompatible with the rules and compromises that make it possible to govern a large and complicated country. Candidates, parties, and factions that lose sight of this goal are taking a big and serious risk.


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Holy Week Celebration in Alicante, Spain
Credit: Pasopalio / CC BY-SA 4.0
Looking for an Easter break at a fascinating destination? Visit Alicante to celebrate Semana Santa (The Holy Week/Easter week) in the backdrop of dramatic rituals, authentic traditions, and festive processions.
Credit: Gustavo Morán Chacón / CC BY-SA 3.0
Semana Santa celebrations are some of the most vibrant in the world. Held over a span of eight days from Palm Sunday to Resurrection Sunday, the festivities include pageants and long processions. Large floats (pasos) often adorned with flowers, jewels, and lace, feature figurines of characters depicting scenes from the Bible.
Fall in love with the Nazareno penitential robes which consists of a tunic and hood-mounted by a Capirote (or conical tip). The floats are paraded through each district by members of the local Catholic Fraternity (or Brotherhood). During the processions, your best way to enjoy them would be to wait along the Rambla de Mendez Nunez either in the morning or evening where you can witness the spectacular parades. The best Semana Santa parades in the city are the processions at 11.30 am on Palm Sunday, 10.30 am on Good Friday and 11.00 am on Easter Sunday.
In Alicante, you will find a wide range of hotels, guesthouses, hostels, and apartments to choose from for your accommodation. However, it would be best to book in advance for a comfortable stay. Also, the festive period is a perfect time to enjoy the cuisine of Alicante. So relish the special Easter cake called La Mona de Pascua, and the local delicacies of fish and rice. And you cannot miss out on the lamb, which is a popular choice for Easter Sunday dinner.


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This is a simple method of capturing the energy of waves in places where the pressure head is low but kinetic energy of the water is significant. On sea shores, lake shores or banks of rivers, waves are continuously created by the wind all year round but they cannot be harnessed to produce electric power because the pressure of the flow is too low to run turbines. The waves are oscillatory rather than in a steady, unidirectional flow and cannot be easily used to drive a rotary generator. In this method, the up-and-down motion of waves are directly converted to electricity without any motion converters, transmission shafts, couplings or other mechanical devices where energy can be lost, making the process highly efficient. It also employs the simplest, most cost-effective, rugged and durable method, the coil and magnet in a linear generator design.
The apparatus, Figure 1, includes a floating core embedded with permanent magnets (rare-earth magnets for effectiveness) that move up and down with the waves, a housing containing stationary copper coils (encased for protection) and associated electronics for converting the AC to DC for storing in a battery. As the magnets move up and down against the coils, an unsteady current is developed in the coils and a voltage is produced across the coil terminals which is then rectified and smoothed and the current is stored in a battery, see Figure 2. The floating core is made of a buoyant material, such as resilient plastic, with an air filled core so that it moves freely with the waves. The outer walls may be made of concrete or other materials as per cost and environmental conditions. They constrain the movement of the floater to the vertical direction. Other mechanisms such as a shaft guides, grooves or detents may be used to restrict the motion to a desired range. The placement, the length and the width of the magnets and coils must be selected to maximize power generation.
This concept can be used to harness power wherever waves are present and it can be implemented in a variety of forms. It can be fixed to the sea bed as a standalone power generator (a few W to MW power) and connected to a grid onshore or it can be used as the vertical members of structures that stand in the water close to the shore, such as piers, quays, lighthouses, etc. The outer walls can be textured to promote growth of coral and other marine life. Since the device has no exposed turbines or heavy moving parts, there is no danger to marine life. Thus, this device only has a positive impact on its environment. This generator can also be used in deeper waters to power buoys (a few W of power) with the housing chained to the sea floor which actually helps in the operation of the generator as the floater is then free to move against the relatively static coils in the walls.
- Name:Philip Panicker
- Type of entry:individual
- Profession:
- Number of times previously entering contest:1
- Philip's favorite design and analysis tools:Pro/Engineer, LabVIEW,
- For managing CAD data Philip's company uses:PTC Windchill
- Philip's hobbies and activities:soccer, motorcycling, reading
- Philip belongs to these online communities:Facebook, LinkedIn
- Philip is inspired by:Nature inspires me. Natural systems are highly efficient in every metric, highly optimized and have multi-purpose functionality. Natural systems use energy very conservatively, they have numerous types of sensors and actuators to interact with their surroundings effectively and efficiently. There is no waste in nature. All products or byproducts have uses for one organism or another.
- Software used for this entry:MS Word, MS Visio
- Patent status:none


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It's all about preserving relationships.
A couple of weeks before Hank was born, a woman at church told me she wanted to talk to me about something. She and her husband will be new grandparents in September after their son and daughter-in-law welcome their first baby. She wanted to know, as a first-time grandparent invited to see the new baby, my advice on how to be the best mother/mother-in-law she could be in the situation. I appreciated her asking, and frankly I feel that the fact she asked means she's going to do great. Nevertheless, here's what I've got for any grandparent (or anyone) who is close to parents with a new baby. I also talked with a couple friends to get their input. I truly believe that these guidelines will lead to a peaceful, tension-free time for all. Graphic one is dos and don'ts for newborns, and graphic two is dos and don'ts if the parents also have an older child.
- Remember that you have no "right" to see the baby when you want to. If your child/child-in-law are letting you come to their house, that's a gift, not a right. Along with that, if they ask you to delay your visit, accept that.
- Remember you are not there to hold the baby. The mother can give the baby everything he or she needs. You're there to help. If you want to make dinner, grocery shop, or do laundry, visit. If you just want to hold the baby, delay your visit.
- If you want to do something with the baby, ASK. Don't just say "I'll hold the baby." ASK THE MOTHER if you can. It's just simple respect.
- Do not post pictures of people's children on social media without their permission. I don't care what your privacy settings are or how many friends you have. It's incredibly disrespectful. And I mean ask every time, don't just ask once and think it applies every time moving forward.
- Don't share your problems with the mother. Her hormones are all over the place. She's sleep deprived, emotional, and trying to hold it together. Even if it seems like she's "okay," still don't. She doesn't need the extra emotional burden of your problems at this time.
- If the parents have an older child (or children) and have asked you to be the caregiver for this child, listen to, care about, and follow any instructions or information the parents provide. No one loves grandparents more than I do (I still have a set of mine, and I adore them and have always done), and I understand grandparents spoil and indulge. They should! But there's a time and a place. And a time of intense transition and upheaval, such as when a new sibling arrives, is not a vacation. The parents have asked you to help keep their older child's life moving as smoothly as possible, so if you can't respect that, or, more importantly, don't want to or don't think you should have to, delay your visit and allow them to ask someone who can.
- The absolute worst thing you can do is offer unsolicited advice. I don't care how many kids you have, how great of a parent you think you are, or what your experience is, DO. NOT. OFFER. UNSOLICITED. ADVICE. of any kind, for any reason. I know you think you're being helpful, but actually it's insulting, and it's hurtful. The parents also may be choosing to do things differently than you did. It doesn't mean you did something wrong; everyone does the best they can with the information they have at the time. If you're not sure if what you're about to say is unsolicited advice or not, it probably is. When in doubt, keep your mouth closed. Practice saying "How can I help?" and "You're doing great."
Other parents, what would you add?
(Dedicated to Kathy, who breastfed five children but then accompanied me to a hospital lab waiting room where I struggled to breastfeed a 3-day-old Bert and sat there watching until I finally snapped, "Could ya help me?" at her. That's how committed she is to not giving unsolicited advice. More importantly, I learned that the things above are as important as they are because she worked hard to do the "this" columns. Mom, your efforts did not go unnoticed.)


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teacher, coroner, scrivener, selectman, and justice of the peace, was born in New Market (now Newmarket), New Hampshire, the only child of Hopestill, a Portsmouth, New Hampshire, housewright, and Catherine Cheswell. The name is sometimes spelled "Cheswill." Wentworth's grandfather, Richard Cheswell, a black slave in Exeter, New Hampshire, purchased twenty acres of land from the Hilton Grant after he gained his freedom. The deed, dated 18 October 1716/17 (the discrepancy arises from the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar) is the earliest known deed in the state of New Hampshire showing land ownership by a black man. The land was located in what was to become the town of Newmarket. Richard's only child, Hopestill (1712–? became a housewright and worked mostly in Portsmouth He took part in building the John Paul Jones House as well as other important houses Hopestill was active in local affairs and ...
Cheswell, Wentworth
Richard Alperin
Porter, Gilbert Lawrence
Rose C. Thevenin
educator and scholar, was born in Baldwin City, Kansas. Little is known about his parents; his mother died when he was nine and he was raised by his three maternal uncles, Elbert, Giles, and Theodore Wright, and his grandparents. In 1928 Porter enrolled at Talladega College in Alabama with a major in chemistry and a minor in biology. Upon graduation, he became a teacher at Booker High School in Sarasota, Florida. After only four months at his teaching position, the institution closed due to financial woes, so Porter returned to college. He enrolled at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU). Upon graduation, he became principal of Tivoli Junior High School in Defuniak Springs, Florida.
Porter moved to New York during the 1930s and worked as a redcap at the New York Central Railroad Station He later moved to Michigan to pursue a master s degree in ...


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Hi, I'm looking for some advice… It all started back when I was a little girl. You know? I never really thought much of it. I'd look at girls the same way I looked at guys and I just thought this was "normal" behavior, I guess. I never really like messed about with any girls or anything, but there was always this in the back of my mind.
Like, I remember my first boyfriend. I went over to his house and we'd do what kids do but there was time where he'd catch me staring at his sister… oddly. He'd say something and I'd play it off, for some reason I never really admitted it to myself. I figured, it wasn't a big deal. I liked guys too so I wouldn't have to worry about it. I got some enjoyment looking at women but I still got to stay straight in the public eye because I'd always be with guys.
Well, things have changed. I met my husband back in college in America. I was studying social work and he was taking his engineering classes. We dated through college and got married a year after we graduation. Both of us want to leave the country, so we looked for work in London. We lucked out and 8 months into our job search we both had good gigs on the other side of the Atlantic. I've been married to him for five years, but that wandering eye of mine has been acting out lately. Not for other guys, mind you, always girls. I feel terrible about it, but I don't know if I should. My husband is pretty laid back about stuff, and I am attracted to him and I love him dearly so I don't want a relationship. I just want to spend some time with a lady. I caught myself looking through escorts in London and I know I have to come clean soon.
It's seeping into all walks of my life. I've caught myself even staring at the older girls coming into my office, you know 18 years old and up. I can barely listen to them and I'm afraid they'll catch me just staring. I feel like a misogynist. I can almost relate to how piggish some men get at this point. At home I still have a good relationship, in all ways, with my husband and I do not want to cheat on him. Is it wrong to want a non-physical relationship and non-emotional relationship with a woman? I just want to flirt and stare and have her do the same. This is why I'm seriously considering going out with some escorts in London.
They're in my dreams at this point. When I was a girl I'd have those special kind of dream about people, but I haven't had them in so long. But now, it's like I was reawakened. Every night there's girls in my dreams, and sometimes I feel bad for it feeling so good imagining them like that. And I'll wake up to my husband, and I'm not disappointed seeing him. Not at all, but do you think he'd be comfortable knowing what got me going? That it's women I've been thinking of and not him? I don't know why this is happening. I guess I repressed it too long as a girl and never experimented when I needed to. It's making me go mad, that's for sure. I'm an adult woman having school girl fantasies about other women and particularly sexy escorts in London at this point. A nice night out with an escort in London would help more than anyone could imagine.
What's the best way to break this to my husband? I'm worried he'll think I'll leave him or something. And is it wrong I don't want him to be there? There's no way he'd trust me in this, but maybe he will. They always say communication is key in relationships, but do you just blurt out, "Honey, I'm bisexual and I need to see an escort in London. Tonight." And then what? I could see two things happening. He goes quiet and leaves me or he bursts out laughing and wants to send me to a therapist. Maybe a need one. I think a London Escort would be a good therapist. I know what I'll do. I'll just call and talk to an escort. Just to see what they're like. I'll tell them what I'm thinking. I know that will feel good. But I'll want more! I would imagine having a London escort kiss all over me.
I don't need, you know, everything. I just need to feel desirable to a woman. I've never had trouble with men, but I see the way women look when they're into someone. I want them to look at me like that! Those melty eyes and heavy breathing, coy but like they can wreck your world if you want them to. Take me out somewhere you vixens. So, I guess I'm asking for some advice. I obviously needed to get this all out. It's been spinning in my head for months now. Would you tell your husband? Husbands, if your wife told you all this how would you feel? Maybe I should just let him read this and see how he reacts.I'm scared because I NEED to do this. I need to go out with some escorts in London, just a few times and just feel what it's like to be desired by a woman. I'll repeat myself, I'm not looking to go too far with anyone. I just want to feel like I could.
I'll tell my husband tonight I think. No matter what. I'll tell him tonight. I'm not asking him for permission, but I need to tell him what is going through my head. Maybe he'll understand. If not, then we'll just see where we are after. But I'm going to see some escorts in London I'm going to check the sexy escorts available today and book one. Do you think he'd like coming with us? I could see that working. With both of them flaming over me. That could be fun. Maybe he'll like it too. I'll tell him, "Husband, I want to take out some escorts in London and have a fun flirty night. Would you like to come along?"
That solves it then. That's what I'll say. I guess I didn't need advice, I just needed to vent. Maybe you'll see me out there in the pubs of London. My husband and an escort fawning over me over drinks and me looking like I'm in heaven.


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ETF Spotlight on PowerShares QQQ Trust ETF (NYSEArca: QQQ), part of an ongoing series.
Assets: $32.3 billio.
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Players Championship events are limited to a maximum of 128 players, with PDC Tour Card Holders joined by PDPA Associate Members.
Live coverage is available worldwide from two boards simultaneously for PDCTV-HD Subscribers, and through a series of bookmakers' websites.
Dave Chisnall landed a nine-dart finish during his first round win over Ryan Searle, his second perfect leg of 2017.
PDCTV-HD Subscribers can watch live online from 12pm BST - login at this link.
Live coverage is also available through the following bookmakers' websites:
188 Bet (China, Brazil, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand)
Aspen (China)
Bet365 (Worldwide)
EurobetRetail (Italy)
Fonbet (Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Cyprus)
Ligastavok (Russia)
Luckia (Spain)
Nike (Slovakia)
Olimp (Kazakhstan)
RETAretail (Spain)
Snairetail (Italy)
Sportsbet Australia (Australia)
STSretail (Poland)
TAB NZ (New Zealand)
Tipsport (Czech Republic, Slovakia)
Totobet (Armenia)
TouTou (China, Brazil, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand)
Unibet (UK, Ireland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Norway, Belgium, Romania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Estonia, Hungary, Australia)
Unibet France (France)
Vivarobet (Armenia)
Wwin (Bosnia & Herzegovia)
Prize Fund
Winner £10,000
Runner-Up £6,000
Semi-Finalists £3,000
Quarter-Finalists £2,250
Last 16 Losers £1500
Last 32 Losers £1000
Last 64 Losers £500
Total £75,000
Note: This event will now be played on Tuesday October 10 (12pm start)
Players Championship 21 Entries
Tuesday October 10 (12pm), Barnsley Metrodome
Antonio Alcinas
Kyle Anderson
Jamie Bain
Mark Barilli
Michael Barnard
Barrie Bates
Steve Beaton
Andy Boulton
John Bowles
Jim Brown
Keegan Brown
Lee Bryant
Stephen Bunting
Richie Burnett
Stephen Burton
Jamie Caven
Dave Chisnall
Matt Clark
Jonny Clayton
Richie Corner
Rob Cross
Joe Cullen
Mike De Decker
Jeffrey de Graaf
Jeffrey de Zwaan
Jan Dekker
Matthew Dennant
Chris Dobey
Brendan Dolan
Ritchie Edhouse
Ricky Evans
Ted Evetts
Craig Gilchrist
Andrew Gilding
Robbie Green
Sven Groen
Daryl Gurney
Andy Hamilton
Ryan Harrington
John Henderson
Jimmy Hendriks
Steve Hine
Max Hopp
Peter Hudson
Adam Hunt
Kim Huybrechts
Ronny Huybrechts
Peter Jacques
Andy Jenkins
Terry Jenkins
Darren Johnson
Wayne Jones
Vincent Kamphuis
Stuart Kellett
Mervyn King
Aden Kirk
Christian Kist
Jelle Klaasen
Steve Lennon
Zoran Lerchbacher
Adrian Lewis
Jamie Lewis
Callum Loose
Mickey Mansell
Mick McGowan
Yordi Meeuwisse
Ryan Meikle
Ron Meulenkamp
John Michael
Joe Murnan
Tony Newell
Wes Newton
Paul Nicholson
John Norman Jnr
Alan Norris
Richard North
William O'Connor
Robert Owen
Kevin Painter
David Pallett
Ryan Palmer
John Part
Josh Payne
Devon Petersen
Justin Pipe
Diogo Portela
Gerwyn Price
Chris Quantock
Madars Razma
Cristo Reyes
James Richardson
Terry Roach
Harry Robinson
Rowby-John Rodriguez
Bernd Roith
Paul Rowley
Callan Rydz
Warrick Scheffer
Martin Schindler
Ryan Searle
Kirk Shepherd
Michael Smith
Simon Stevenson
Alan Tabern
Scott Taylor
Terry Temple
Robert Thornton
Mick Todd
Ross Twell
Benito van de Pas
Dimitri Van den Bergh
Vincent van der Voort
Dirk van Duijvenbode
Berry van Peer
James Wade
Jim Walker
Harry Ward
Jermaine Wattimena
Darren Webster
Mark Webster
Steve West
Ian White
Simon Whitlock
James Wilson
Brian Woods
Jonathan Worsley
Peter Wright
NB: From the original field of entries, Gary Anderson, Mensur Suljovic and Nathan Aspinall have withdrawn and been replaced by PDPA Associate Members Ryan Harrington and Harry Ward. With only 127 players, top seed Peter Wright receives a Bye in the first round.
ROB CROSS claimed his fourth PDC ProTour title of 2017 with a 6-3 defeat of Adrian Lewis in the final of Tuesday's Players Championship 21 in Barnsley.
The former electrician has made an amazing introduction to life on the professional circuit this year, and he now tops the Players Championship Order of Merit going into November's Finals in Minehead.
Cross picked up the £10,000 top prize in Tuesday's ProTour event with another fine display as he battled through the field before overcoming two-time World Champion Lewis in the final.
Cross began his challenge with a whitewash of Ron Meulenkamp before fending off stiff tests from Craig Gilchrist, Steve West and John Henderson.
He then whitewashed former World Youth Champion Keegan Brown in the quarter-finals, overcame Irish ace William O'Connor for the loss of only two legs in the semi-finals as he set up the tie with Lewis.
Having shared the opening two legs of the final, Cross landed six perfect darts as he won leg three, broke on double ten in the fourth and finished 51 to open up a 4-1 cushion.
Lewis hit back in the sixth before Cross finished 90 on the bull to move 5-2 up, and thought Lewis replied with a maximum and a 76 checkout to claim his third leg, two missed darts to continue his challenge allowed the Sussex ace to finish 64 for victory.
"It's nice to come out and play the best in the world and compete, and Adrian is fantastic," said Cross.
"Over the last eight months I've learned to pull through the 6-5 games that I might have lost, and that's how this is possible.
"Winning is a good habit to get into, and the first event I won was majorly important. Instead of coming into the room and saying that I believed I could do it, I knew I could do it, and that's the difference.
"I've got the hunger to win and I want everything. I don't want to lose a leg, let alone a game, and this is a massive confidence boost for going forward.
"To do what I've done this year is fantastic and I've over-achieved from my expectations. To go to Minehead as the number one seed, if that was to happen, is an achievement and something to be proud of.
"I've only had three or four goes on the TV but I'm starting to feel more comfortable and fingers crossed I can get my best game out up there soon."
World number four Lewis had been bidding to win his second Players Championship title of the year as he won through to the final with defeats of Brendan Dolan, Joe Murnan, Mike De Decker, Jeffrey de Zwaan, Gerwyn Price and Jermaine Wattimena.
Ireland's O'Connor followed up his success in Saturday's Tom Kirby Memorial Irish Matchplay final against Jason Cullen by reaching his first-ever PDC ranking semi-final.
He overcame Jan Dekker, Vincent van der Voort, Jamie Caven, Joe Cullen and top seed Peter Wright as he progressed to the last four on a memorable day in Barnsley.
Dutchman Wattimena also reached the last four, seeing off Ross Twell, Ian White, Kevin Painter, Peter Jacques and Michael Smith along the way.
Last week's Unibet World Grand Prix champion Daryl Gurney won through to the last 16 before losing out to Price, who missed match darts in his quarter-final against Lewis before the Stoke ace prevailed with an 11-darter in the deciding leg.
The day also saw Dave Chisnall land a nine-dart finish - his second of the year on the PDC ProTour - during a first round win over Ryan Searle.
Wednesday sees the PDC ProTour double-header at the Barnsley Metrodome conclude with Players Championship 22 - the year's final £75,000 tournament.
Coverage will be streamed live on PDCTV-HD at www.pdc.tv and through a series of bookmakers' websites worldwide from 12pm.
Following Players Championship 22, the top 64 from the Players Championship Order of Merit progress to compete in the Players Championship Finals at the Butlins Minehead Resort from November 24-26.


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Want to pursue further education but don't have the extra money? The government has your back. The Continuing Education Fund was launched in 2002 aiming to encourage adults to continue pursuing further education by providing a subsidy for eligible individuals. Good news is, on 1 April 2019, some enhancement measures of CEF will be implemented to expand the scope of CEF to encourage more people to skill up themselves. Even if you are not a permanent HK resident, as long as you have the right of abode, right to land or to remain in Hong Kong without restriction, you can also enjoy the CEF. Here are some more details.
Details of the enhancement measures
- Increasing subsidy ceiling from $10,000 to $20,000 per applicant
- Reactivating closed CEF accounts so that unused balance can be used in addition to the new $10,000
- Applicants can only use the $10,000 from the enhancement measures after they use up the original $10,000. For the original scheme, applicants have to pay 20% of the tuition fee. For the extra $10,000 from the enhancement measures, applicants have to pay 40% of the tuition
- Increasing the upper age limit for applicants from 65 to 70
- Expanding the scope of CEF courses to all eligible courses registered in Qualifications Register (QR). Check here to see if your course is covered
- No more restrictions on the validity period or the number of claims for CEF accounts, meaning you can apply for unlimited courses before you are 71
- Applicants no longer have to open a CEF account before the start of the course. They also have to submit reimbursement claims in 1 year after completion of the course
- Enhancing the quality assurance monitoring of CEF courses
How much can I get?
(A) = Amount from the original plan
(B) = Amount from the enhancement measures
(C) = Total amount
I have never used my CEF
Reimbursement = (A)$10,000 + (B)$1,500 = (C)$11,500
I have $3,000 left in my CEF account
Reimbursement = (A)$3,000 + (B)$6,750 = (C)$9750
I have used up the $10,000 in my CEF account
Reimbursement = (A)$0 + (B)$9,000 = (C)$9,000
Reference:[Continuing Education Fund website] (https://www.wfsfaa.gov.hk/cef/en/index.htm)


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Creating precise patination on bronze takes considerable skill and expertise but it is far from an exact process - temperature, humidity and the raw materials can all influence the final result. It is endlessly fascinating to watch the colour take shape and add to the piece.
Fastnet is a recent sculpture that proves just how surprising patination can be. The mix of colours and patterns add depth and contrast to the shapes but their creation was something of a happy accident.
A little while ago I discovered a cave in Cornwall that was covered in extraordinary colours where the minerals had interacted with the sea air and water. Nature is an enormous inspiration for my art but on this occasion it was only when photographing Fastnet that the connection became apparent - nature had mimicked art.


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Thariya Chofla is the prominent folk song or lok geet of Garhwali people and its singing begins on Basant Panchami – the festival that signals the coming of spring and comes to a close on Baisakhi, with a feast. The slow, rhythmic, melodious song is accompanied by dance, by both male and female actors, usually in groups of six men in similar dress and six women in different colourful dresses. It is a tribute to the coming of the new year, which symbolizes blossoming of life, and commencement of agricultural activity. The song is dedicated to all gods and goddesses and includes Ram Parivar (Family).
The people of Pauri region believe that Garhwal Himalayas are the abode of gods and goddesses. They have a chain of Lakshmi Narayana temple, made of locally available stone, with frescos on the wall. They believe that Sita belonged to the region and even identify the village where he parental home was. They celebrate Sita's return to her home, when Rama comes personally to take her back. A very fetching way of celebrating the event.
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