text:
With her appointment as chairman of DLJ Merchant Banking, Nicole Arnaboldi now reigns as the senior most female investment professional in US private equity.
"I don't think that there's a parallel," says Arnaboldi, who praises DLJ parent company Credit Suisse for both acting as a meritocracy and for emphasising diversity in the workplace.
The longtime DLJ veteran is joined by only a handful of female colleagues at the helm of major private equity firms. Only perhaps Dominique Senequier, chief executive of Paris-based AXA Private Equity, can compare in terms of the size and reputation of the firm under her control.
Arnaboldi has stepped into the position vacated by longtime chairman Steven Rattner after an online smear campaign was unleashed against him by the disgruntled exhusband of his former mistress. She will also maintain her previous role as co-head of illiquid alternatives, a position which put her at the head of DLJ's private equity, real estate and credit businesses as well as some hedge funds in the credit and real estate spaces.
"One of the things that Steve did in his tenure is really include all the partners in all the decisions," said Arnaboldi. "That makes the natural evolution of people moving on very easy to accommodate and I think investors have been very supportive of that transition."
Her additional title means that she will be spending more time with the investment team of DLJ Merchant Banking Partners, which she calls the firm's "flagship private equity buyout fund". The unit closed its fourth fund on $2.1 billion in 2006, and as of 30 June managed roughly $7.4 billion in assets. Co-chairman of the group's investment committee since 2005, Arnaboldi says she is well-versed on the group's activities.
The fact that Rattner was not tied to a key man clause and Arnaboldi's longtime involvement with the buyout funds has allowed her to seamlessly slip into the new role, she says.
Arnaboldi has been with DLJ for more than 20 years. She joined the firmas an associate in 1985 and joined the private equity group in 1993. She then became an employee of Credit Suisse in 2000 when the global investment bank absorbed DLJ in an $11.5 billion acquisition, retaining the DLJ brand for its private equity operations.
As other firms struggle with distressed portfolio companies and rocky credit markets, Arnaboldi seems to be more than pleased with DLJ's positioning.
She touts the success of sticking to a consistent strategy of diverse, midmarket investments in the US and Western Europe. However it is the firm's defensive orientation, which must have provoked some quizzical head scratching in the heyday of the buyout boom, that is now paying dividends.
"We have anticipated for quite a while that there'd be a downturn in the US and I think that conservative positioning both in the industries we've been focusing on and in the capital structures we have differentiates us from some people who might have been more aggressive," said Arnaboldi.
DLJ chose to decline much of the big leverage being offered in favor of flexible covenants and focussed on "defensive" industries like energy and healthcare.
The firm's ability to invest through troubled markets is also bolstered by Credit Suisse, which acts as a source of proprietary deal flow, capital markets access and industry expertise.
Now, as many tentatively guard dry power for a sunnier day, Arnaboldi is bullish.
Not limited to buyouts, DLJ is deploying mezzanine capital "more rapidly in 2008 than any year probably in the last decade" and is on the road raising capital for secondary private equity investing and a joint venture for cleantech.
"Historically, the best vintage years in private equity turn out to be the recession years," Arnaboldi says. "I think we could be entering a very, very attractive period for investing."
Louis Gerstner, chairman of The Carlyle Group, has retired from the post he has held since 2003. A successor has not been named at press time. Gerstner initially made a one-year commitment to Carlyle but remained on for five before stepping down to fulfill other goals and interests, he said in a statement. Gerstner will remain with Carlyle as a senior advisor. In that capacity he will advise the firm's Asia, Europe, Japan and US buyout funds. Prior to joining Carlyle, Gerstner was chairman and chief executive of IBM from 1993 to 2002.
London-based managing partner Raymond Svider of European buyout firm BC Partners is relocating to New York to head up the firm's US efforts. BC is in the process of enlarging its previously investor relations-focussed New York office into a site for deal origination and execution. James Rubin and Daniel Selmonosky, formerly founding partners of JPMorgan-backed rival firm One Equity Partners, joined BC's London office as senior partners in March and are currently based in New York as well.
Caltius Capital Management has added two principals to its mezzanine unit to invest and manage the $500 million fund it closed last May. The Los Angeles-based mid-market specialist has added former Levine Leichtman Capital Partners (LLCP) director Todd Stemler and former CapitalSource director Gavin Bates to Cal t ius Mezzanine, which provides subordinated debt in the $5 million to $75 million range. At LLCP, St emler special is ed in providing investment products to consumer product, manufacturing, and service companies in the midmarket. At CapitalSource, Bates was responsible for sourcing and underwriting cash flow-based senior and subordinated debt transactions for equity sponsors.
Babcock & Brown chairman Jim Babcock and chief executive Phil Green have resigned their respective executive positions at the Australian infrastructure specialist, as the firm responds to shareholder calls for a management shakeup. Babcock, who helped found the eponymous firm in San Francisco in 1977, will be replaced by current deputy chairman Elizabeth Nosworthy. Green resigned his post after 24 years with Babcock & Brown and nearly four years as managing director and chief executive. Green will be replaced in both capacities by current chief financial officer Michael Larkin.
Mid-market focussed private equity firm The Riverside Company has hired two long-time healthcare industry veterans to advise the firm as it devotes more attention to the burgeoning healthcare sector. Former Multi Plan president Harvey Sigelbaum and MB Healthcare Partners director Joseph Ibrahim have joined the firm's New York office as senior advisor and principal, respectively. Although Riverside will stay true to its roots as a generalist investor in small businesses valued under $150 million, the firm has taken an increasing interest in the healthcare sector.
Apollo Global Management has snagged former NYSE Euronext investor relations chief Gary Stein to fill the newly created position of director of investor relations. At Apollo, Stein will be responsible for establishing and managing relationships with current and prospective investors, research analysts and the financial community at large. This is a step which signals the institutionalisation of Apollo's internal operations preceding the firm's initial public offering registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Former Refco president Tone Grant has been sentenced to 10 years in prison for his part in the $2.4 billion defrauding of private equity firm Thomas H Lee Partners. Grant faced the possibility of life in prison after his conviction in Manhattan federal court in April on felony counts of securities fraud, wire fraud, bank fraud, money laundering and conspiracy. Boston-based TH Lee took Refco public in 2005 for $22 per share, nearly tripling the value of its initial investment. Later that year TH Lee discovered that a holding company owned in part by Grant owed Refco roughly $430 million in debt.


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Markos Moulitsas Zúniga, better known as "Kos":
Daily Kos publisher and Vox Media co-founder Markos "Kos" Moulitsas, an influential voice in liberal politics, published a blog post (Daily Kos, 12/12/16) that captures just how terribly leading Democratic pundits are taking Hillary Clinton's unexpected defeat. In the wake of this loss, some of the more hardcore Clinton partisans have chosen, in lieu of self-examination and internal criticism, to simply lash out at the voters they failed to win over.
With the punitive glee of a medieval executioner, Moulitsas proclaimed: "Be Happy for Coal Miners Losing Their Health Insurance. They're Getting Exactly What They Voted For":
Mr. Moulitsas really needs to get over himself.


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Letter: New vineyard in Northport angers neighbors
New vineyard angers neighbors
Your Dec. 24 news story "Toasting a new vineyard" quotes Del Vino Vineyards owner Frederick Giachetti as saying, "We've had just an overwhelming response from the neighbors and the community that everybody's very, very happy."
The opposite is true.
On the grounds of his new vineyard in Northport, in a neighborhood of private homes, Giachetti has built a bar with a party room for catering. His boast about closing at 10 p.m. while he could stay open until 11 demonstrates his hubris. His threat to stay open later in the summer illustrates his disdain for his neighbors, especially when you consider that many Long Island vineyards close their tasting rooms at 5 or 6 p.m.
He is very much aware that we are unhappy with what he's done. We've been forced to permanently cede privacy, property values and a peaceful lifestyle for the disruption of a business built where no business should be.
For him to say we neighbors are "very, very happy" is an insult to everyone affected. He's very, very aware we are not.
Larry Brittan, Northport
Politics and causes of problems at border
Elected officials should not put politics before patriotism. No better examples of this corruption are Democratic congressional leaders Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer ["A showdown over a shutdown and a wall," News, Dec. 12]. They insist that building a border wall would be ineffective, but they are not stupid, and they know that merely looking at the positive impact of a wall — such as the one Israel built at its border with Egypt — can prove its effectiveness.
They are simply thinking about elections and not thinking about the good of our country. They will not work with our president to enhance security. Shame on them.
Mike Brody, East Hills
Historically, walls were built to keep enemies out. The people from Central America seeking asylum are not our enemies or barbarians at the door. Many are fathers, mothers and children fleeing poverty and drug-induced violence of their homeland. No wall will help alleviate these problems.
We in the United States share some culpability in the development and perpetuation of this dilemma. We consume illegal drugs from countries south of our border, and many guns seized there are smuggled from the United States. Our appetite for drugs and our profit-driven motivation to produce and sell guns contribute to the violence in that region, and to our immigration problem.
Instead of demonizing our southern neighbors, we should pursue policies that address our own shortcomings to improve economic and political conditions to the south. President Donald Trump's wall is a political gimmick that will only delay the implementation of more sensible policies.
Bob DeCostanzo, East Islip


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Are Americans Ready to Storm the Bastille?
"Give a man a gun and he will rob a bank," claimed fictional television character Tyrell Wellick, adding pithily:
"Give a man a bank and he will rob everyone."
The bank — the banking system — will shortly be robbing everyone. This it will do to make whole the moneyed depositors of Silicon Valley Bank, presently in receivership.
The regulatory authorities insist the robbing is not a "bailout." That is because the taxpayer is not being tapped directly on the shoulder. And it is true, he is not.
Yet the taxpayer is likely an account holder. And the costs imposed upon the banks to make whole the moneyed depositors of Silicon Valley Bank they will passing along to the account holder in the form of higher surcharges and fees.
It constitutes an indirect robbery — a robbery at one remove.
It is nonetheless a robbery.
Is a man with $250,001 to sink into a bank account unaware that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation will only guarantee the $250,000? That every dollar beyond that he will lose if the bank buckles under?
We hazard he is well aware of it. Even a man of modest means… such as your editor… is aware of it.
Yet Mr. Moneybags and many of his fellows willfully and knowingly emptied more than $250,000 into individual accounts at the Silicon Valley Bank.
Do they suffer justice under the system of profit and loss, under the established rules of banking?
No they do not. They are instead issued a very large cheque — while others are issued a very large bill.
It is a very strange justice indeed. Do you wish to label it anti-justice? We will merely say that you enjoy our permission.
Will Americans Reach the Breaking Point?
We realize that the vast majority of rescued depositors were not individuals but business concerns.
Yet a rescue is a rescue is a rescue.
Can a system rotted through with anti-justice endure? We are not half so convinced that it can.
It has endured for a very long time, we concede. We concede further that it may endure yet.
But we are also aware that "breaking points" exist.
A man will be pushed and pushed… until he will be pushed no longer.
Shall we consider the French Revolution of 1789? On this, the Ides of March, we shall. Perhaps by glancing backward… we may in some sense look forward.
There Will Never Be a Revolution Here
From our co-founder, Mr. Bill Bonner:
By the 18th century, France had become the greatest power in Europe, the richest and most populous country in the Western world and the clear leader in art, science, philosophy, education, cuisine, fashion, architecture…and, of course, viticulture. It had the richest people in the world, the prettiest women and the best booze.
It also had the most enlightened economists – the physiocrats – from whom Adam Smith was boosting some of his best ideas.
A poll taken in the early 1780s might have shown the French to be extremely optimistic and confident. And why shouldn't they be? The last major financial crisis – caused by John Law's Mississippi Bubble – blew up over 60 years before. And had the world ever seen anything approaching the splendor of Versailles?
Then came 1789 and its revolutionary deliriums:
But in 1789, Paris mobs came to the crossroads of history and veered left. They replaced an absolute monarch who had very limited power, with a people's republic restrained neither by common sense nor common decency.
Adds Austrian political scientist and journalist Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn (dates 1909-1999):
Much of what may appear positive to us today – liberality, intellectuality, humanitarianism – had all been already brought to us by the liberal, courtly absolutism, while the French Revolution which used all these words in reality did nothing more than brutally extinguish them.
Revolutionary Sparks
What spark — or which sparks — set the revolutionary fires arage?
Caveat lector: You do not hold a history book in your hands. You hold instead a financial newsletter in your hands… and a disreputable one at that.
Its editor is not a historian at a lectern. He is instead a popinjay in an armchair who is given to the simplifications, half-truths, errors and pomposities of the type.
We nonetheless proceed… in the spirit of scholarly inquiry…
First, there was the estates system; a feudal hierarchy, a social pyramid. At the pinnacle was the First Estate — the church and its officiating clergy.
Wedged in the middle, in the Second Estate, was the nobility.
Below the nobility squatted the remaining 98% of France, the massive base of the pyramid — the Third Estate — merchants, tradesmen, lawyers, peasants, etc.
The government squeezed the majority of its tax revenues from this Third Estate. That is, the lower 98% hauled the bulk of the freight.
The 98% kept the 2% bouncing along in a sort of opulence. Naturally… the 98% bristled and bridled under the burden.
But they had been accustomed to the business for generations. Why finally raise a mighty rumpus in 1789?
The Hungry Times
An army marches on its stomach, it has been said. A people too marches on its stomach.
And in the 1780s, the people of France were falling out of formation…
France was the most populous nation in Europe. It thus required the most foodstuffs.
A fantastic volcanic eruption in 1783 — in present Iceland — threw out so much soot it blew out the sun.
Winter was grim. And the 1784 harvest yielded lean, lean pickings. The following summers witnessed drought, busted harvests… and famine.
1787 and 1788 brought more hungry times. With them, inflation.
That is because slender harvests raised the price of flour — hence, the price of bread.
Hunger plus inflation is a dreadful combination. A shrinking belly… twinned with a shrinking currency… equals a growing crisis.
It means a heart filling with resentment and a head filling with ideas.
It meant — in this instance — revolution.
It meant the slaughter of civilization. It meant rivers, lakes, seas and oceans of blood. It meant war… ultimately.
It meant two centuries of ideological mischief of one sort or other.
Lenin, Mao, Pol Pot, Castro and other 20th-century hellcats took their examples from the French revolutionists and their great bloodlettings.
The Alan Greenspan of the 18th Century
We have neglected the crucial role of a critical actor… "the Alan Greenspan of the 18th century" — Monsieur Jacques Necker — to whom we now turn.
As Mr. Bonner explains:
None of this might have happened, however, except for the efforts of the Alan Greenspan of the late 18th century — Jacques Necker. It was Necker who replaced laissez-faire economist Jacques Turgot as French finance minister in 1776.
Turgot's free-trade policies had the fatal flaw of all sensible rules – they benefited everybody to the advantage of nobody in particular. Turgot dissolved the guild system, eliminated the corvee (the forced labor of the peasants), imposed a simple property tax and opposed all forms of economic privilege at the expense of the common good. He even set himself against Marie Antoinette, by refusing to grant favors to her cronies. Since everybody in France in the 18th century as well as every American in the 21st wanted the privilege of picking someone else's pocket, Turgot eventually made enemies of nearly every class. Louis XVI, though responsible for the well-being of the entire nation, had not the strength to stand up to the special interests.
Turgot even had a prophetic intuition and a view of history similar to our own. Periods of civilized progress are followed, he noted, by periods of barbarism and madness…
Necker… favored particular privileges at the expense of everybody else. Rather than tax people to pay for state expenses, Necker borrowed — taking short-term, high-interest loans that brought the government close to bankruptcy. Then, Necker turned to accounting tricks to show that the government was actually running a surplus! The patsies loved it.
Pushed out for the first time in 1781, Necker was called back on the eve of revolution in 1788 for another dose of his financial magic. But it was too late. The old miracle elixirs — heavier debt and cooked books — wouldn't work any longer; bankruptcy was unavoidable. The aristocrats got rid of him again — on July 14, 1789. The mob, which still had faith, was so disappointed… it headed for the Bastille.
History Doesn't Repeat, But It Rhymes
History does not repeat. But it does rhyme, as said the great scalawag Mark Twain.
Will Americans head for their own Bastille? Perhaps they already have in one sense…
Substitute July 14, 1789, for January 6, 2021… substitute the Bastille for the United States Capitol… and you may have yourself a rhyme.
The cadence is a bit off, of course.
The only blood at the Capitol came spilling out of a 35-year-old Air Force veteran's neck, shot through by the pistol of a Capitol policeman.
No heads went up on spikes — feet merely went up on Nancy Pelosi's desk.
And the marauders walked out shortly after they walked in… and went home.
Nor were they famished. By the appearance of many, rather the opposite was true.
In brief, 2021 America is not 1789 France. The Church is punchless, American nobility is a contradiction in terms, no king beleaguers us.
But do millions of Americans believe they are being bossed and exploited by an overbearing elite?
Do they believe they are languishing at the base of the economic pyramid… while the pyramid's tip lives grandly — almost royally?
Many do, yes. Do they believe the Federal Reserve chairman — whoever it may be — is a modern Jacques Necker?
Again, many do.
Are they ready for a man upon a white horse? We do not know.
But many believe, rightly or wrongly, that a man with white hair was fraudulently elected over a man with orange hair in the presidential election of 2020.
Here is another possible historical rhyme: As in 1789 France, inflation is loose.
Take a frustrated population sat upon by elites… many wallowing economically… losing faith in elections.
Now set an inflationary fire… and history's rhyme might just become an awful clang.
A prediction? No, of course not. We merely suggest a possibility. It is unlikely.
Yet so was the French Revolution in 1780…


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illustration not visible in this excerpt
The discovery, isolation, and culturing of human embryonic stem cells has been described as one of the most significant breakthroughs in biomedicine of the century.1 This promising area of science has led scientists to investigate the possibility of cell-based therapies to treat disease, which is often referred to as regenerative or reparative medicine . Stem cells give rise to the multiple specialized cell types that make up the heart, lung, skin, and other tissues and offer the possibility of a renewable source of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases2, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The Stem Cell Research (SCR) has become the centre of public attention, both as a fascinating area of biomedical research and as a permanent focus for ethical and legal controversy.3 The controversy is not because of its goals, but rather because of the means of obtaining cells. The crux of the debate centres on derivation of embryonic stem cells which require the destruction of an embryo.
1 What are Stem Cells?
Stem cells have two important characteristics that distinguish them from other types of cells. First, they are unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods through cell division. The second is that under certain physiologic conditions, they can be induced to become cells with special functions such as the beating cells of the heart muscle or the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. Scientists primarily work with two kinds of stem cells: embryonic and adult stem cells of animals and humans . Scientists discovered ways to obtain or derive stem cells from early mouse embryos more than 20 years ago. Many years of detailed study of the biology of mouse stem cells led to the discovery of how to isolate stem cells from human embryos and grow the cells in the laboratory in 1998.4 The embryos used here were created for infertility purposes through in vitro fertilization5 procedures and when they were no longer needed for that purpose, they were donated for research with the informed consent of the donor.
1.1 What are embryonic stem cells?
An embryonic stem cell is a primitive type of cell that can be coaxed into developing into most of the 220 types of cells found in the human body (e.g. blood cells, heart cells, nerve cells, brain cells, etc). Immediately after the fertilization the cells divide once every 12-18 hours. Each cleavage-stage cell is called a blastomere and the 3- to 5-day-old embryo is called a blastocyst.6 A fertilized egg is considered totipotent7 meaning that its potential is total; it gives rise to all the different types of cells in the body. Stem cells extracted from early embryos can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent .8 In contrast adult stem cells are generally limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue of origin. Thus they are normally multipotent.9
1.2 What are adult stem cells?
An adult stem cell is an undifferentiated cell found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ, can renew itself, and can differentiate to yield the major specialized cell types of the tissue or organ. Some scientists use the term somatic stem cell instead of adult stem cell. The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found. They are a very small number of stem cells in each tissue. They reside in a specific area of each tissue where they may remain quiescent (non-dividing) for many years until they are activated by disease or tissue injury. The history of research on adult stem cells began about 40 years ago. In the 1960s, researchers discovered that the bone marrow contains at least two kinds of stem cells. One population, called hematopoietic stem cells, forms all the types of blood cells in the body. A second population, called bone marrow stromal cells, was discovered a few years later.
In 1990s scientists discovered that the adult brain does contain stem cells that are able to generate the brain's three major cell types— astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which are non- neuronal cells, and neurons, or nerve cells. A number of experiments over the last several years have raised the possibility that stem cells from one tissue ma]y be able to give rise to cell types of a completely different tissue, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Examples of such plasticity include blood cells becoming neurons, liver cells that can be made to produce insulin, and hematopoietic stem cells that can develop into heart muscle. Therefore, exploring the possibility of using adult stem cells for cell-based therapies has become a very active area of investigation by researchers.
1.3 Successes of adult vs Failures of embryonic SCRs
Researchers in China met with a disastrous result. Fetal tissue injected into a patient's brain produced temporary improvement, but within two years the patient developed a brain tumor and died. An autopsy revealed that the fetal cells had taken root, but had then metamorphed into other types of human tissue – hair, skin and bone. These grew into the tumor, which killed the patient. At Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons, the implanted embryonic cells apparently grew too well in some of the patients, churning out so much of a chemical that controls movement that they writhed and jerked uncontrollably. Dr. Paul E. Greene called the uncontrollable movements developed by some patients as "absolutely devastating." He said, "They chew constantly, their fingers go up and down, their wrists flex and distend. It's a real nightmare. And we can't selectively turn it off. No more fetal transplants. We are absolutely and adamantly convinced that this should be considered for research only."10
In stark contrast to the failures of embryonic SCR, the future looks very promising for treatment with adult stem cells. The following are a sampling of research breakthroughs with adult stem cells.11
- Researchers at Harvard Medical School say adult stem cells may eliminate the need for embryonic ones. The researchers experienced a permanent reversal of Type 1 diabetes in mice by killing the cells responsible for the diabetes. The animals' adult stem cells took over and regenerated missing cells needed to produce insulin and eliminate the disease. The results hold promise for rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus and more than 50 other ailments.
- At the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, a man with a rare, potentially fatal skin disorder that was so severe that he could no longer eat, is now symptom-free after receiving a transplant of his own adult stem cells.
- Doctors at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago extracted the adult stem cells from the blood of two Crohn's patients and successfully used them to rebuild their faulty immune systems.
- Researchers at the University of South Florida in Tampa have found that adult stem cells from the umbilical cord blood may be able to help repair damaged brain tissue after a stroke.
- Dr. Edward Holland of the Northern Kentucky Eye Laser Center in the greater Cincinnati metropolitan area, is using adult stem cell transplants as part of a treatment to dramatically improve the eyesight of his patients.
- The Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York came to similar conclusions. A study by the Institute for Stem Cell Research in Milan, Italy showed that certain cells from the brains of adult rats can be used to generate muscular tissue.
- Scientists at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of NJ have found that bone marrow cells may be converted into replacement nerve cells, able to treat brain and nerve injuries. Dr. Ira Black and his team were able to convert 80% of the bone marrow cells into nerve cells.
- Diane Irving, Ph.D., a former professor of biology at Georgetown University and former biochemist with the National Cancer Institute, said, "I have argued that adult stem cells are better because they are closer to the stage of differentiation than embryonic or fetal cells – therefore they do not have as long a distance to travel differentiation-wise as the younger cells. Therefore there is far less of a chance for genetic errors to be accumulated in the implanted cells and less side effects for the patient to deal with."12
1 See Thomas B. Okarma, "Human Embryonic Stem cells: A Primer on the Technology and Its Medical Applications," in The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Debate, S. Holland, et.al. eds. (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2001).
2 Parkinson's disease (PD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 2% of the population over 65 years of age. PD is caused by a progressive degeneration and loss of dopamine (DA)- producing neurons, which leads to tremor, rigidity, and hypokinesia (abnormally decreased mobility). PD may be the first disease to be amenable to treatment using stem cell transplantation. Alzheimer's disease constitutes about two thirds of cases of dementia overall (ranging in various studies from 42 to 81 percent of all dementias). Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disease that results in the irreversible loss of neurons, particularly in the cortex and hippocampus. The clinical hallmarks are progressive impairment in memory, judgment, decision making, orientation to physical surroundings, and language.
3 See LeRoy Walters, "Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: An Intercultural Perspective," Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 14/1 (March 2004): 3.
4 By a team led by Dr. James Thomson at the University of Wisconsin.
5 In 1978 in vitro fertilization (IVF) led to the first successful human birth.
6 Blastocyst is a preimplantation embryo of about 150 cells produced by cell division following fertilization. The blastocyst is a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass). Trophoblast is the extraembryonic tissue responsible for implantation, developing into the placenta, and controlling the exchange of oxygen and metabolites between mother and embryo. The fluid-filled cavity inside the blastocyst of the developing embryo. Inner cell mass (ICM) is the cluster of cells inside the blastocyst. These cells give rise to the embryo and ultimately the foetus. The ICM cells are used to generate embryonic stem cells.
7 Totipotent means "capable of becoming anything".
8 Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to any type of cell in the body except those needed to develop a foetus.
9 Multipotent stem cells can give rise to a small number of different cell types.
10 Cited in Bradley Mattes, "Embryonic Versus Adult Stem Cells? It's Really No Contest." http://www.lifeissues.org/cloningstemcell/bradsarticle.html. Cf. AAAS Policy Brief: Stem Cell Research. Updated December 14, 2007. http://www.aaas.org/spp/cstc/briefs/stemcells/. Accessed on 31.05.08.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid.
- Quote paper
- Charles Davis James (Author), 2008, An Ethical Debate on Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Human Dignity or Research Freedom?, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/123743
- No comments yet.
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WASHINGTON — Republican members of Congress, 46 total, are calling on the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) to remove "harmful content" warnings placed on America's founding documents.
David Ferriero, NARA's archivist, announced last year the creation of task forces regarding "racial justice" issues.
Stemming from those task forces, NARA decided to add a "Harmful Language Alert" to certain documents. If one visits the webpage for the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights, they will find those alerts included.
NARA released a statement in July regarding the change:
"The Catalog and webpages contain some content that may be harmful or difficult to view. NARA's records span the history of the United States, and it is our charge to preserve and make available these historical records. As a result, some of the materials presented here may reflect outdated, biased, offensive, and possibly violent views and opinions. In addition, some of the materials may relate to violent or graphic events and are preserved for their historical significance."
"The National Archives is committed to working with staff, communities, and peer institutions to assess and update descriptions that are harmful and to establish standards and policies to prevent future harmful language in staff-generated descriptions."
The statement included frequently asked questions. Regarding the question why content would be considered harmful by NARA, it states that the document may "reflect racist, sexist, ableist, misogynistic/misogynoir, and xenophobic opinions and attitudes," it may "be discriminatory toward or exclude diverse views on sexuality, gender, religion, and more," it may "include graphic content of historical events such as violent death, medical procedures, crime, wars/terrorist acts, natural disasters and more" and it may "demonstrate bias and exclusion in institutional collecting and digitization policies."
In response, 46 representatives in the GOP wrote a letter this week to Ferriero demanding the immediate removal of these warnings.
Congressman Michael Burgess, of Texas, signed the letter and posted it on social media.
"Though the task forces made multiple recommendations, describing the sacred documents on which our nation was founded as 'harmful or difficult to view' is as bad as any of the foolish capitulations to cancel culture we have ever seen," the letter states.
The letter adds: "The role of the National Archives should be to preserve our shared histories and educate future generations, not to deny, change, or demonize our past. Unfortunately, be employing a harmful content label, the National Archives Record Administration has abandoned these responsibilities, adhering instead to a Leftist perspective that judges our past, discourages honest conversations about our history, and obscures the truth; that these documents were written to protect individual liberties and fundamental rights, and that the nation they established grew into the world's greatest republic."
Congressman Thomas Massie, of Kentucky, also signed the letter and stated on Twitter: "Only tyrants consider the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights, as such!"
By state, here are the other signers of the letter:
Alabama-Mo Brooks, Barry Moore
Arizona-Andy Biggs, Debbie Lesko
California-Tom McClintock
Colorado-Lauren Boebert
Florida-Kat Cammack, Scott Franklin, Bill Posey, Mike Waltz
Georgia-Buddy Carter, Andrew Clyde, Jody Hice, Barry Loudermilk
Illinois-Mike Bost
Michigan-Jack Bergman
Mississippi-Mike Guest, Steven Palazzo
Montana-Matt Rosendale
North Carolina-Dan Bishop, Ted Budd
Ohio-Bob Gibbs, Brad Wenstrup
Oklahoma-Markwayne Mullin
Pennsylvania-Scott Perry
South Carolina-Jeff Duncan, Ralph Norman
Tennessee-Tim Burchett, Scott DeJarlais, Mark Green, Diana Harshbarger
Texas-Brian Babin, Michael Cloud, Lance Gooden, Ronny Jackson, Chip Roy, Pete Sessions, Randy Weber, Roger Williams
Virginia-Benn Cline, Bob Good
Washington-Dan Newhouse
Wisconsin-Scott Fitzgerald, Glenn Grothman
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Projectors. whats the difference between them all??
sony seems to have the solution for people don't like DLP and LCD either, its called SXRD panel ( essentially LCD technology but work differently optically)
wind noise from rangehood
my new house has rangehood ducted through the roof with a vent.
when it is a windy day or even if it is not too windy, i can hear the wind…
Security camera that streams over the internet
hi all,
remember to lock up your meter box after you have installed all the expensive equipment as they need electricity to run as well as you internet modem
step1: go…
$10,000 too much to spend on Home Cinema equipment?
i have spent the following to do my first home theatre (4m x 5m):
$4500 - Denon AVR 2310 + Monitor Audio Bronze Reference 5.1 speakers + cables
$3100 - Sanyo z700…
Hills Reliance R12 false alarm
hi sharon,
i download the manual myself and program it myself.
www.das-sa.com.au/DAS%20MANUALS/Relianc ... 1-0-30.pdf
the original installer quoted me $80 for programming. but you need to be able to…
Hills Reliance R12 false alarm
hi all,
i have recently connected the R12 panel with my home phone line which seems work well.
during testing, the panel will dial my mobile if the alarm is set off…
what type of termite protection
hi all,
my friend 's house is now 15 months old.
it is by P0rt3r D@vi5 built on concrete slab brick veneer not sure if treated pine was used.
she remember the builder…
Alfresco Speakers
my friend got this :
http://www.selbyacoustics.com.au/storef ... =245589988
in both of his Alfrescos they are amazing at this price range.
remember the grill need to be power coated aluminium…
Alamanda Estate - Owners Forum
the phone service via the fibre is called nodephone ( as it is provided by internode, see internode website for more details). for the nodephone to work the ONT( optical…
Projector screen
THX recommendation: screen Diagonal length / 0.84
other 2 recommendations : screen Horizontal length x 1.5 or x 2
if you are buying projector screen, 120 inch is the diagonal length you…
Projector screen
i agree with you wakeboardandy, the THX website recommends dividing the screen size by 0.84 for viewing distance, see this link: http://www.thx.com/home/setup/display.html
that's why i will…
Boral Tanami; Fluro orange home?
you can ring up boral and ask for addresses where you can inspect houses finished with this brick. you can't judge by looking at photos. also it tell how the…
Garage Door Height
my true life experience :
a friend of mine built a house last year with a vloume builder western sub of Melb,
she optioned for the entry hallway ceiling to be 3…
any good Readyflor installer Melbourne?
hi all,
i know quite a few members will said DIY.
but i am just not that handy, anyone can suggest an installer experienced with this product?
online timber flooring supplier
i have came across this supplier:
anyone has any experience with this guy?
or can anyone recommend other online floring suppliers?
Anyone building at Alamanda???
normally you conveyancer/solicitor will ask you to sign a paper saying you have physically inspected the property and the measurements are correct according to the plan of sub and contract…
Japanese style landscaping
does anyone know where in Melbourne can i find a landscaper specialised in japanese style landscaping?
R2.0 batts in 90mm wall cavity?
you can ring an insulation service company and ask them,
i did mine with Hutton Insulation @ thomastown , his name is Eddy
phone 94693399
....sorry, just realize you are at SA, but…
Alamanda stage 4
electricity to stage 4 is available after easter 2009, one simple method is to check if street light is on in you street and you will know if your stage…
http://clathsbuildingagain.blogspot.com ... results=28
may be this member can help
Tru-lock timber laminate flooring?
hi Jem,
if you pay 1999 to get tile and carpet but pay 2800 to upgrade to laminate flooring it is may be a slight rip off from your builder, as…
Engineered timber floorborad, 2 methods of making it?
hi Windboyxl,
i will probably use re@dyflor from pr3mium floor, spotted gum 1 strip, re@dyflor is 3 ply construction, as the multiply from bor@l i have not hear good reputation of…
Engineered timber floorborad, 2 methods of making it?
Hi Windboylx,
thank you for your reply,
no, it is not Sucupira, it is spotted gum (Eucalyptus maculata) an australian native hardwood timber.
can you explain further why 3 ply win in environment…
Engineered timber floorborad, 2 methods of making it?
i can see from the sample and according to their website as well ,Readyflor is also using cross ply construction so the top layer runs north -south, core rubberwood runs…
Engineered timber floorborad, 2 methods of making it?
hi ,
does anyone know what is the different between the construction methods of the top and bottom one in the photo?
it seems to me the top one may be…
Anyone building at Alamanda???
hi Mago-lover
(1) not sure if you still need telstra conduit, but what you can do is to ask internode ( the optical fibre internet service provide for alamanda) if they…
Slab type in Wyndham Waters
hi all,
don't forget to double check with council/powercor/developer for the availability of electricity in your stage. when we settle in stage 56 there were none.
but some builder will bear the…


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Foundations of Concordance Views of Phylogeny
Joel Velasco
A common picture in evolutionary biology is that of a 'species tree' that describes the evolution of populations through time, and within which genes trace their ancestry within and between the 'fat branches' of this tree. But a natural thought is that a phylogeny should represent the flow of genetic information and that this is, in some sense, more fundamentally what evolutionary history is about. In this picture, the 'dominant history' is defined by looking directly at the history of the genes themselves rather than the organisms.
Here we consider phylogenies as defined by 'concordance methods', which are an attempt to make precise the notion of a phylogeny as representing the dominant genetic history. Concordance views get their start from Baum and Shaw (1995) who sought to define species as genealogical units of phylogeny using the concept of 'an exclusive group': 'A group of organisms is exclusive if their genes coalesce more recently within the group than between any member of the group and any organisms outside the group' (p. 296). It is difficult to precisely define this notion.
Velasco (2010) suggests that for a and b to be in the same taxon, they have to be more closely related to each other than to any organism outside the group. In practice, this has turned into a definition based on the 'reciprocal monophyly of gene trees', which is a concordance factor based definition. Many authors assume these are the same (for example, Hudson and Coyne (2002) and Velasco (2010)) but in fact they can come apart.
We show this 'triplet based' definition of exclusivity turns out to be equivalent to the R* consensus method discussed in several places including Degnan and Rosenberg (2009). It can be shown that the R* clusters form a unique tree, but that it can differ from the plurality consensus tree. They both refine the majority consensus tree and both are reasonable possibilities for definitions of clade or of exclusive group. Further complicating matters, Ané et al. (2007) implements a particular procedure for estimating 'the primary concordance tree', but their program, BUCKy (updated in Larget et al. (2010)), uses a 'greedy consensus' algorithm in order to construct the concordance tree. This procedure produces a greedy consensus tree which can fail to correspond to either the R* or plurality consensus tree.
Once we have formally defined concordance factors and concordance trees, we can ask what role they might play in systematics. Numerous authors treat the primary concordance tree as an estimate of the species tree and it has been shown that as such, the concordance tree is not always the best estimate we can make. For example, Leache and Rannala (2011) use simulated data to argue that in a range of circumstances, BUCKy is outperformed by BEST (Bayesian Estimation of Species Trees as developed in Liu 2008).
There are also theoretical worries. For example, Degnan and Rosenberg (2006, 2009) can be used to construct arguments that, at least in theory, concordance analysis is not a statistically consistent estimate of the species tree and the concordance tree is not the best estimate of the species tree. But much of the above line of thinking is based on a fundamental mistake. On the concordance view, the primary concordance tree cannot possibly be a bad estimate of the species tree. It just is the species tree. Baum (2007, 2009) and Velasco (2010) are all clear on the point that the very meaning of 'taxon', 'clade' and 'species' is tied to the primary concordance tree. So the primary concordance tree is meant to be an object of interest in itself and not merely (or even primarily) a useful means to infer the species tree as defined by the population history. In addition, it is important to note that the assumptions built in to the multispecies coalescent framework are quite extreme. It is not even clear what the species tree is or how to define it when some of these assumptions are violated (such as when there is hybridization across lineages) or when not all of the taxa under examination have the same set of genes. But we can give natural generalizations of the plurality consensus and the R* method in the supertree setting which turn out to have a number of very desirable properties.
And while a series of authors have shown or accepted claims linking concordance trees to species trees, it is important to understand the limits of what has been shown. The theorems mentioned here all relate concordance trees to species trees which lead to gene trees in exact accordance to strict multispecies coalescent models which assume random mating within lineages, instantaneously splitting of lineages into new species, no selection and no sources of discordance other than incomplete lineage sorting. Even under such strict assumptions, species trees may differ from concordance trees. When they do, this is a case of expectations differing from outcomes due to chance factors. We think there are reasons to favor the view that phylogenies should track the outcomes rather than the expectations. When the assumptions of the model are violated, it might not even be clear what 'the species tree' refers to and when it is clear, there are good reasons to take concordance trees to be a better interpretation of phylogeny. For example, it is worth noting that genetic history is epistemologically tractable while organismal history is often not.
But even setting this aside, we agree with Baum (2009) who argues that, "When the realized patterns of genetic relatedness deviate from expectation, I think we should recognize taxa based on what actually happened rather than worry about what should have happened. In particular, it seems preferable to adopt gene genealogical exclusivity, which is sensitive to a history of selection, rather than organismic exclusivity, which is not."


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On Monday we welcomed our new international students. This year we are proud to host students from across the globe : Lebanon, Brazil, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Morocco, Senegal, Congo, Benin and Mali.
After the traditional introductions and presentation of the school, we started this academic year, by taking our newest students up to the top of the Démeter tower for a bird's-eye view of the campus.
We wish our students a fantastic and successful school year and we hope you fall in love with the beautiful city of Dijon just as much as we did.


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Art Works |
Video |
Morphologie Psychologique #14, 1939
Pencil and crayon on paper; 13 x 19 3/4 inches Photography courtesy of Dora Franco From Beyond the Erotic: Erotic Instinct Saint Sebastian ou La Doucer de la Vie, 1943 Pencil and crayon on paper; 16 3/4 x 20 3/4 inches From Beyond the Erotic: Erotic Instinct |
Return to: Artist Biographies
In his art Matta creates new dimensions in a blend of organic and cosmic lifeforms (see biomorphism). He was one of the first artists to take this abstract leap. Matta's connections with Breton's surrealist movement were severed when a private disagreement led to his expulsion from the group, but by this time his own name was becoming widely known. He divided his life between Europe and South America during the 1950s and 1960s, successfully combining the political and the semi-abstract in epic surreal canvases. Matta believed that art and poetry can change the lives of people, and was very involved in the social movements of the 1960s and 1970s. He was a strong supporter of the socialist government of president Salvador Allende in Chile. A 4x24 meter mural of his entitled The First Goal of the Chilean People, was painted over with 16 coats of paint by the military regime of Augusto Pinochet following their violent overthrow of Salvador Allende in 1973. In 2005 the mural was discovered by local officials. In 2008 the mural was completely restored at a cost of $43,000, and is displayed today in Santiago at the La Granja city hall. Throughout his life, Matta worked with many different types of media, including ceramic, photography, and video production. Matta died in Civitavecchia, Italy on 23 November 2002. The Matta Estate is represented by The Pace Gallery, New York. Matta is the father of the artist Gordon Matta-Clark, and Ramuntcho Matta. Selected list of works


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Good Day Families!
This week your child will take their reading Unit 2 Test. We'll spread the test out over a few days so it's not so overwhelming. There will be no new curriculum this week, so the kids will have a break from spelling to focus on the test.
In Math, we'll begin Unit 3. This week, the kids will learn about place value, and begin to round numbers. Rounding can be a very difficult concept for some kids, so completing nightly review homework will be extra important. I anticipate my Math class will have homework on the following nights.
Monday – Unit 2 Reteach/No Homework
Tuesday – Homework 3-1
Wednesday – Homework 3-2
Thursday – Homework 3-3
Friday – Homework 3-4
In writing class, we've begun the process of writing a research report on a dinosaur. The kids are learning how to take notes from a text, as well as searching online. We'll continue this process for the next week or so, as we gather information.
This week's Second Step lesson is called "Showing Compassion." We'll learn what that means, and practice how to show compassion for our friends. Attached to the weekly email is the home activity sheet for that lesson, should you choose to discuss the lesson at home.
This week also begins a canned food drive for Thanksgiving. Your child is welcome to bring canned food or non-perishable items to school any day this week, should you choose to donate.
Thanks for reading and have a great week!
Eric Wachter


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Global Business Research Symposium: The Future of Business: Technology, Innovation and Regulation
Tomorrow it will be held the 13th Annual Conference, at St. John's University, Via Marcantonio Colonna, 21A, 00192, Rome, Italy. The conference has been organized by St. John's University's Peter J. Tobin College of Business and a diverse group of international scholars and Universities.
The Global Business Research Symposium originated from the Financial Services Institute (FSI) at the Peter J. Tobin College of Business (TCB), St. John's University in New York. The FSI was founded in 1995 to provide an educational and research facility dedicated to the advancement of business and financial knowledge through research in a global setting. The annual symposia were started by the late Donald Pitti (ex-CEO Seligman) and Igor Tomic, Professor of Economics at the TCB, St. John's University. I. Hilmi Elifoglu and Ivan Abel of TCB joined the Executive Committee soon afterwards and last year Joan Ball and David Chan joined as well.
The main purpose of the symposia has always been to assist those who present papers by creating a genuine atmosphere of friendly collaboration and welcoming environment for sharing research and establishing networks across disciplines and borders.
The news for this year is that it has been organized a panel on fintech and insurtech linking academics and industry folks.
Invited speakers for the panel are:
Montse Guardia, Vice President Consortium Alastria, Blockchain World Consortium, and Digital Challenge and Emerging Technologies Director at Sabadell Bank;
Teresa Alarcos, Board member at Lukso (Fashion Blockchain in Berlin) and founder and President of Madrid Start up Community Forum. Member of the Commission Universities and Education, Consortium Alastria;
Edwin Colella, Vice President Mobility in OCTO Telematics, "Telematics for Insurances, corporate fleets and Shared Mobility"
Julapa Jagtiani, Senior Special Advisor, Supervision Regulation and Credit, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, "Supervisory and Regulatory View"
Moderator: Prof. Dr. Katia Passerini, Dean College of Professional Studies, St. John's University, New York
Dr. Mary Merva, CFA, Vice President and Dean of Academics, John Cabot University, Rome
Professor Alessandro Zattoni, Dean, LUISS Business School, Italy
Dr. Adrian Stoian, Department of Economics and Social Sciences, John Cabot University, Rome
Dr. Daniele Pica, Department of Business Administration, John Cabot University, Rome
Dr. Alessandro Signorini, Department of Business Administration, John Cabot University, Rome.
Dr. Pietro Paganini, Department of Business Administration, John Cabot Unviersity, Rome
More information can be found here.


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Aug 22, 2017
If you have ever smelt burning brakes going down a mountain or
seen someone use an emergency ramp then you will understand the
importance of this episode. Bruce offers techniques on how to
handle mountain driving and avoid situations that may cause you
serious harm.
Music for this episode is supplied by the Danny Thompson Band and
their song Miles and Miles from their album titled the same name.
You can learn more about the band at www.dannythompsonband.com
Challenger Motor Freight at www.challenger.com and Smart
Trucker Seminar Series at www.roadtoday.com/smarttrucker
About the Show
Are you enjoying the show? If so we would appreciate you leaving us
a rating and review on iTunes or on your favourite podcast
The Lead Pedal Podcast is a show for those in the trucking industry
wanting to improve their careers or businesses. The shows include
interviews and topical information relevant to the transportation
industry. The show is published every Tuesday and is available at
, ITunes, Stitcher, Tunein, SoundCloud, and other popular podcast
platforms. You can learn more about Bruce Outridge and the bands
behind the music of the show at www.bruceoutridge.com
under the podcast tab


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How to Deal With Residential Air Conditioning Unit Repairs in Ormond Beach FL
If a person rents a home for a long time, they will get used to calling their landlord every time a problem arises. When owning a home, a person will have to handle the repair issues they are faced with on their own. Over the years, a homeowner will have a variety of repair issues to deal with.
Keeping a home's HVAC unit in good shape is a bit easier said than done. Dealing with these issues will require a homeowner to work with seasoned professionals. Here are some of the things a homeowner needs to consider when faced with Air Conditioning Unit Repairs in Ormond Beach FL.
Turning Off the Unit Can Reduce the Damage Done
Often times, a homeowner will have a number of warning signs when it is time for HVAC repairs. If a homeowner starts to notice their unit is freezing up or making weird noises, they need to act quickly. The first thing a person needs to do when faced with a problem like this is to turn off their unit completely.
Instead of trying to cut the unit off at the thermostat, a homeowner needs to go to their circuit breaker box. Turning off the unit from the breaker box will help to ensure it does not come back on.
Hiring the Right HVAC Repair Company
Once a homeowner has shut off the power to their unit, the next step will be finding the right HVAC company. If a homeowner tries to fix the issues their unit has alone, they will usually end up creating more damage. This is why working with experienced professionals is so important.
Before a homeowner hires an HVAC company, they need to find out more about their previous experience. Usually, the more experience an HVAC company has, the easier a homeowner will find it to get their unit back in good working order in a hurry.
The money paid for professional air conditioning unit repairs in Ormond Beach FL will be well worth it. The professionals at Arctic Breeze Air can get this type of work done with ease. Call them or visit the contact us section of their website for more information.


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Dosin is a medicine introduced by Hakim Kheir Andish. It is a combination of ground black seeds and honey.
Dosin boosts the immune system, it is very good for keeping our bodies safe during the winter, it removes excess Sauda and Balqam, it is a cure for prostate issues; all cysts; acidity; skin issues and general digestive disorders, it increases milk production in nursing mothers, it warms up the kidneys, it is a cure for depression, it increases sexual ability, it remedies infertility due to coldness or lack of sperm, etc. Black seed is a natural Anti Histamine, so it is good for Asthma and other allergies as well.
The recommended dosage is one teaspoon every 12 hours.


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It's not easy to be both adorable and elegant, but the Nina Ricci "Liane" bag at Bag Snob is as cute as it is sophisticated.
What's better than a goody bag of Clarins skincare products to play with? One that helps to improve the lives of kids in need. Get yours at Beauty Snob!
Coquette says you don't need a microscope to appreciate the beauty of Diana Eng's laser-cut tees that are inspired by floral anatomy and botanical cells.
Fashion Pulse Daily's got the scoop on famed New York City discount department store Century 21's flash sale site.
The Jet Set Girls love the exclusive Halston line available at One and Only Resorts worldwide.
Second City Style shows you how to make your favorite summer mini work for fall.
Shopping and Info loves the sexy and chic Pologeorgis Suede Brown Shearling Vest for Fall 2011.
StyleHive beats the summer heat in style! It's the ponytail re-vamped with these three easy looks!
The Shoe Goddess loves these chic Miu Miu Crisscross Glitter Ankle Boots!
July 22, 2011
WebSnob Fashion, Beauty, Lifestyle Links of the Week
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Top 30 Best and Popular Movies On Hulu Of All Time
Top 30 best movies on Hulu of all time |
Sitting down with a movie is one of the best ways to raise the white flag on a grueling workday, or maybe you're just looking to beat the summer heat and want to curl up on the couch in front of the AC. Either way, once you plop down and fire up the TV, we urge you to point that clicker in the direction of your trusty Hulu subscription. Home to thousands of cinematic gems, Hulu covers every era and genre, with selections from all over the world. To help you wade through the many pages of titles, we've compiled this weekly roundup to highlight the best movies on Hulu right now.
List of top 30 best movies on Hulu of all time
30. Beetlejuice (1988)
29. Seabiscuit (2003)
28. Love, Gilda (2018)
27. Hunt For The Wilderpeople (2016)
26. A Field in England (2013)
25. Taken (2008)
24. Plus One (2019)
23. Fyre Fraud (2019)
22. Leave No Trace (2018)
21. The Terminator (1984)
20. The Mask (1994)
19. Bohemian Rhapsody (2018)
18. Big Fish (2003)
17. Mission Impossible: Fallout (2018)
16. Dumb and Dumber (1994)
15. Hostiles (2017)
14. Not Fade Away (2012)
13. Gone Girl (2014)
12. We Need To Talk About Kevin (2011)
11. Heathers (1988)
10. The Obituary of Tunde Johnson (2019)
9. Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007)
8. Melancholia (2011)
7. The Nightingale (2018)
6. Creed II (2018)
5. The Social Network (2010)
4. Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
3. The Blair Witch Project (1999)
2. The One I Love (2014)
1. Skyfall (2012)
Detailed information about top 30 best movies of all time on Hulu
30. Beetlejuice (1988)
Photo: Hulu |
Beetlejuice is a 1988 American horror comedy film directed by Tim Burton, produced by The Geffen Company, and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The plot revolves around a recently deceased couple (Alec Baldwin and Geena Davis) who become ghosts haunting their former home, and an obnoxious, devious poltergeist named Betelgeuse (pronounced and occasionally spelled Beetlejuice in the film and portrayed by Michael Keaton) from the Netherworld who tries to scare away the new inhabitants (Catherine O'Hara, Jeffrey Jones, and Winona Ryder).
Beetlejuice was a critical and commercial success, grossing US$73.7 million from a budget of US$15 million. It won the Academy Award for Best Makeup and three Saturn Awards: Best Horror Film, Best Makeup, and Best Supporting Actress for Sylvia Sidney. The film's success spawned an animated television series, video games, and a 2018 stage musical.
29. Seabiscuit (2003)
Photo: Paramount Picture |
Based on the nonfiction book, Seabiscuit: An American Legend by Lauren Hillbrand, the film adaptation recounts the true story of the titular horse, an undersized and ill-tempered racing colt. When the heart and efforts of a businessman (Jeff Bridges), a jockey (Tobey Maguire), and a horse trainer (Chris Cooper) are combined, the unlikely team rears the disobedient horse into the national spotlight after a series of wins propel the animal onto a thoroughbred podium, a position of victory and an icon of valor that is just what the Great Depression-era country needs. A heartwarming story, Seabiscuit leans on the strengths of its main ensemble, a tour-de-force trio that delivers exceptional performances as the real-life rags to riches heroes that found their calling in life through an unlikely miniature companion.
28. Love, Gilda (2018)
Photo: imdb |
Love, Gilda is a 2018 American-Canadian documentary film directed and co-produced by Lisa Dapolito. The film is about the life and career of American comedian Gilda Radner. Love, Gilda premiered on April 18, 2018 at the Tribeca Film Festival and was limited released in the United States on September 21, 2018. The movie received widespread acclaim from critics
Before the Tina Feys, Amy Poehlers, and Maya Rudolphs of the world made Saturday Night Live a female-led powerhouse, comedian Gilda Radner starred on the sketch comedy series. She's an icon, an absolute legend in the world of stand-up, and she played her bigger-than-life characters on the show with a kind of quirky abandon that made you laugh at them and care for them all at once. This doc looks back at her career, her struggles in an industry that wasn't always accepting of her gender, and her brushes with more serious issues, like illness and eating disorders. Despite those serious topics, it's a breezy, feel-good watch for comedy lovers of every generation.
27. Hunt For The Wilderpeople (2016)
Photo: Netflix |
Hunt for the Wilderpeople is a 2016 New Zealand adventure comedy-drama film written and directed by Taika Waititi, whose screenplay was based on the book Wild Pork and Watercress by Barry Crump. Sam Neill and Julian Dennison play "Uncle" Hector and Ricky Baker; a father figure and foster son who become the targets of a manhunt after fleeing into the New Zealand bush. Carthew Neal, Leanne Saunders, Matt Noonan, and Waititi produced the film.
The film premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on 22 January 2016. The film opened across New Zealand on 31 March 2016. The film received a limited North American release on 24 June 2016. The film received critical acclaim, with many critics highlighting Dennison and Neill's performances and chemistry.
26. A Field in England (2013)
Photo: Rook Films |
A Field in England is a 2013 British historical psychological horror film directed by Ben Wheatley. The film, shot in black-and-white, is set during the mid-17th century English Civil War. The film was released on 5 July 2013 on multiple platforms simultaneously, including cinemas, home media and video on demand. It was also broadcast on Film4 on the day of its release.
25. Taken (2008)
Photo: Hulu |
Taken (also titled 96 Hours and The Hostage) is a 2008 action-thriller film written by Luc Besson and Robert Mark Kamen, and directed by Pierre Morel. It stars Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace, Famke Janssen, Katie Cassidy, Leland Orser, and Holly Valance. Neeson plays Bryan Mills, a former CIA operative who sets about tracking down his teenage daughter Kim (Grace) and her best friend Amanda (Cassidy) after the two girls are kidnapped by Albanian human traffickers while traveling in France during a vacation.
Taken was released in France on 27 February 2008 by EuropaCorp, and later in the United States on 30 January 2009 by 20th Century Fox. The movie grossed more than $226 million. Despite mixed reviews from critics, numerous media outlets cited the film as a turning point in Neeson's career that redefined and transformed him to an action film star. The first film in the Taken franchise, the film was followed by two sequels—Taken 2 and Taken 3—released in 2012 and 2014, respectively. A television series premiered in 2017 on NBC, with Clive Standen portraying a younger Bryan Mills.
24. Plus One (2019)
Photo: RLJE Films |
Plus One is a 2019 American romantic comedy film, written, directed, and produced by Jeff Chan and Andrew Rhymer. Starring Maya Erskine, Jack Quaid, Beck Bennett, Rosalind Chao, Perrey Reeves, and Ed Begley Jr., the film follows two longtime single friends who agree to be each other's plus one at every wedding they're invited to.
It had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 28, 2019, where it won the Narrative Audience Award. It was released on June 14, 2019, by RLJE Films. It received generally positive reviews from critics.
23. Fyre Fraud (2019)
Photo: Hulu |
The war of the Fyre docs kicked off earlier this year with Hulu releasing their surprise flick just days before Netflix's planned exposé. Both films rehash the same basic plot: a young entrepreneur scams thousands of millennials and investors out of millions of dollars, but Hulu's movie takes a closer look the aftermath and damage caused by Billy McFarland and Ja Rule, in addition to interviews and close looks at the events of the Fyre Festival disaster with a critical eye.
22. Leave No Trace (2018)
Photo: Hulu |
Leave No Trace is a 2018 American drama film directed by Debra Granik and written by Granik and Anne Rosellini, based on the 2009 novel My Abandonment by Peter Rock. The plot follows a military veteran father with post-traumatic stress disorder (Ben Foster) who lives in the forest with his young daughter (Thomasin McKenzie). The novel is based on a true story. It premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival, and was theatrically released by Bleecker Street in the United States, on June 29, 2018. The film received universal critical acclaim, with praise for the performances of Foster and McKenzie, and it is the most reviewed film to hold an approval rating of 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.
Writer-director Debra Granik is renowned for her grim, gut-punching dramas. Continuing her tradition of devastating familial hardships brought to light in her previous films Down to the Bone and Winter's Bone, Leave No Trace stars Ben Foster and Thomasin McKenzie as Will and Tom, a father-daughter duo living on the fringes of society in the woods of the Pacific Northwest. As the two are sleeping in tents and preparing whatever they can find in nature for meals, Portland park authorities discover their hideout and force the family to reintegrate with the civilized world. As Tom sees shades of a hopeful, less challenging future before her, Will personally finds the acclimation to be difficult, particularly in the wake of his military past that has riddled him with PTSD symptoms. A heartfelt examination of Will and Tom's relationship is the centerpiece of this less-vicious entry in Granik's portfolio, and it's a dynamic perfectly buttressed by Foster and McKenzie's rich performances.
21. The Terminator (1984)
Photo: Imdb |
The Terminator is a 1984 science fiction action film directed by James Cameron. It stars Arnold Schwarzenegger as the Terminator, a cyborg assassin sent back in time from 2029 to 1984 to kill Sarah Connor (Linda Hamilton), whose unborn son will one day save mankind from extinction by a hostile artificial intelligence in a post-apocalyptic future. Michael Biehn plays Kyle Reese, a soldier sent back in time to protect Sarah. The screenplay is credited to Cameron and producer Gale Anne Hurd, while co-writer William Wisher Jr. received a credit for additional dialogue.
20. The Mask (1994)
Photo: Hulu |
1994 was an enormous year for Jim Carrey, with three of the actor's most triumphant comedic films releasing one after the other. In no specific order, these were Dumb & Dumber, Ace Ventura, and our focus today, The Mask. Directed by Chuck Russell, The Mask stars Carrey as Stanley Ipkiss, a quiet banker that takes on a whole new green guise when he discovers an ancient mask that imparts the man with the powers of the Norse god, Loki. The wildly animated persona endows Ipkiss with charisma, courage, and bombastic tendencies, which causes plenty of trouble when the Loki-infused Ipkiss robs a bank that a crime lord (Peter Greene) and his posse are blamed for. In the blink of an eye, Stanley Ipkiss becomes their prime target. A full-throttle comedy madhouse, with Carrey's chops front and center, The Mask still maintains its knee-slappers almost 30 years after its release.
19. Bohemian Rhapsody (2018)
Photo: 20th Century Fox |
Bohemian Rhapsody is a 2018 biographical musical drama film directed by Bryan Singer from a screenplay by Anthony McCarten, and produced by Graham King and Queen manager Jim Beach. The film tells the story of the life of Freddie Mercury, the lead singer of the British rock musical band Queen, from the formation of the band up to their 1985 Live Aid performance at the original Wembley Stadium. The film stars Rami Malek as Mercury, with Lucy Boynton, Gwilym Lee, Ben Hardy, Joe Mazzello, Aidan Gillen, Tom Hollander, Allen Leech and Mike Myers in supporting roles. Queen members Brian May and Roger Taylor also served as consultants on the film. A British-American venture, the film was produced by Regency Enterprises, GK Films and Queen Films, with 20th Century Fox serving as distributor.
Bohemian Rhapsody was announced in 2010, with Sacha Baron Cohen set to play Mercury. After he left the project in 2013 following creative differences with producers, the project languished in development hell for several years before Malek was cast in November 2016. Singer served as director through most of principal photography, which began in London in September 2017, but was fired in December 2017 due to frequent absences and clashing with the cast and crew. Dexter Fletcher, who was originally set to direct the film early in development, was hired to complete the film; Singer retained sole director credit as per Directors Guild of America guidelines, while Fletcher received an executive producer credit. Filming concluded in January 2018.
18. Big Fish (2003)
A lovely piece made by Tim Burton |
Big Fish is a 2003 American fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Tim Burton, and based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Daniel Wallace.The film stars Ewan McGregor, Albert Finney, Billy Crudup, Jessica Lange, Helena Bonham Carter, Alison Lohman, Robert Guillaume, Marion Cotillard, Steve Buscemi, and Danny DeVito. The film tells the story of a frustrated son who tries to distinguish fact from fiction in his dying father's life.
Screenwriter John August read a manuscript of the novel six months before it was published and convinced Columbia Pictures to acquire the rights. August began adapting the novel while producers negotiated with Steven Spielberg who planned to direct after finishing Minority Report (2002). Spielberg considered Jack Nicholson for the role of Edward Bloom, but eventually dropped the project to focus on Catch Me If You Can (2002). Tim Burton and Richard D. Zanuck took over after completing Planet of the Apes (2001) and brought Ewan McGregor and Albert Finney on board.
17. Mission Impossible: Fallout (2018)
Photo: Paramount Pictures |
Mission: Impossible – Fallout is a 2018 American action spy film written, produced, and directed by Christopher McQuarrie. It is the sixth installment in the Mission: Impossible film series, and the second film to be directed by McQuarrie following the 2015 film Rogue Nation, making him the first director to direct more than one film in the franchise. The cast includes Tom Cruise, Ving Rhames, Simon Pegg, Rebecca Ferguson, Sean Harris, Michelle Monaghan, and Alec Baldwin all of whom reprise their roles from the previous films, along with Henry Cavill, Vanessa Kirby, and Angela Bassett, who join the franchise. In the film, Ethan Hunt and his team must track down missing plutonium while being monitored by the apostles after a mission goes wrong.
16. Dumb and Dumber (1994)
Photo: Universal Pictures |
Lloyd Christmas (Jim Carrey) and Harry Dunne (Jeff Daniels), lifelong best friends, have simple dreams of opening a worm store together. Working 9-to-5 gigs to save up for their business venture, Lloyd's limo-driving position lands him one heartthrob of a passenger — Mary Swanson (Lauren Holly). When Mary seemingly leaves a piece of luggage behind at the airport, Lloyd barges into the terminal to reclaim the Samsonite. When he and Harry make plans for a cross-country journey to deliver the luggage back to Mary, what they're unaware of is that the briefcase is filled with ransom funds for a criminal syndicate that's been terrorizing Mary's family and loved ones. A comedy pairing like no other, Carrey and Daniels are at the top of their gut-busting game in this riveting road comedy. Yes, there's bathroom humor and other lowball gags sprinkled throughout, but a kinetic script and beyond-kinetic performances are what truly drive this 27-year-old laugh-fest.
15. Hostiles (2017)
Photo: Hulu |
Hostiles is a 2017 American revisionist Western film written and directed by Scott Cooper, based on a story by Donald E. Stewart. It stars Christian Bale, Rosamund Pike, Wes Studi, Ben Foster, Stephen Lang, Jesse Plemons, Rory Cochrane, Adam Beach, Q'orianka Kilcher, and Jonathan Majors. It follows a U.S. Army cavalry officer who must escort a Cheyenne war chief and his family back to their home in Montana in 1892.
The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2, 2017, and had a limited release in the United States by Entertainment Studios beginning December 22, 2017, before going wide on January 26, 2018. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $35 million worldwide.
14. Not Fade Away (2012)
Wells (Will Brill, from left), Joe (Brahm Vaccarella), Douglas (John Magaro) and Eugene (Jack Huston) try to make it big as a rock band in the 1960s. Barry Wetcher/Paramount Pictures |
Written and directed by The Sopranos creator David Chase, Not Fade Away follows Douglas Damiano (John Magaro), a New Jersey college dropout who has mile-high aspirations of finding fame through a homegrown rock band. In keeping with British Invasion influences like The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, Gene (Jack Huston), the founder of the band, asks Doug to join, with hopes that the act will grow melodically. But when a series of tumultuous events transpire, Doug finds himself as the new frontman, carrying the weight of his musical dreams, familial hardships, and blossoming love life. An homage to the heyday of rock music, Not Fade Away revisits a zeitgeist fueled by transitory sounds and dreamers hoping to land a radio hit.
13. Gone Girl (2014)
Photo: 20th Century Fox |
Gone Girl is a 2014 American psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher and written by Gillian Flynn, based on her 2012 novel of the same title. Set in Missouri, the story is a postmodern mystery that follows the events surrounding Nick Dunne (Ben Affleck), who becomes the prime suspect in the sudden disappearance of his wife Amy (Rosamund Pike). The film also stars Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry.
The film had its world premiere on opening night of the 52nd New York Film Festival on September 26, 2014, before a nationwide theatrical release on October 3. The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing $369 million on a budget of $61 million, becoming Fincher's highest-grossing film.
12. We Need To Talk About Kevin (2011)
Photo: OSCILLOSCOPE |
We Need to Talk About Kevin is a 2011 British-American psychological thriller drama film directed by Lynne Ramsay. The screenplay, written by Ramsay and Rory Stewart Kinnear, was based on the 2003 novel of the same name by Lionel Shriver. A long process of development and financing began in 2005, with filming commencing in April 2010.
Tilda Swinton stars as the mother of Kevin, struggling to come to terms with her son and the horrors he has committed. The film premiered at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and was released in the United Kingdom on 21 October 2011.
Swinton was nominated for the Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, and the BAFTA for Best Actress in a Leading Role. It received generally positive reviews from critics.
11. Heathers (1988)
Heathers is a 1989 American black comedy teen film written by Daniel Waters and directed by Michael Lehmann, in both of their respective film debuts. It stars Winona Ryder, Christian Slater, Shannen Doherty, Lisanne Falk, Kim Walker, and Penelope Milford. The film portrays four teenage girls — three of whom are named Heather — in a clique at an Ohio high school, one of whose lives is disrupted by the arrival of a misanthrope intent on murdering the popular students and staging their deaths as suicides.
Waters wrote Heathers as a spec script and originally wanted Stanley Kubrick to direct the film, out of admiration for Kubrick's own black comedy film Dr. Strangelove. Waters intended for the film to contrast the more optimistic teen movies of the era, particularly those written by John Hughes, by presenting a cynical depiction of high school imbued with dark satire.
10. The Obituary of Tunde Johnson (2019)
Photo: Toronto Film Review |
Blending cultural awareness with a sci-fi-laced narrative bedrock, The Obituary of Tunde Johnson follows the titular character (portrayed by Steven Silver), a gay Nigerian-American man. Out driving, Tunde is pulled over by a disgruntled police officer who pulls his weapon and ends Tunde's life. Immediately after the trigger is pulled, Tunde awakens, finding himself trapped in a time loop with his inevitable death facing him repeatedly. Leaning on the big trope of such memorable hits as Groundhog Day, The Obituary of Tunde Johnson pushes the typical light footing of the time loop sub-genre aside in favor of a more character-driven approach, a feat more than accomplished by director Ali LeRoi and Steven Silver's grounded approach to the lead role.
9. Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007)
Photo: Paramount Pictures |
Adapted from Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler's Broadway musical of the same name, Sweeney Todd stars Johnny Depp as the titular macabre barber. Exiled to Australia 15 years before by the wretched Judge Turpin (Alan Rickman), Benjamin Barker returns to London for revenge. Setting up a barbershop business above the meat-pie shop of Mrs. Lovett (Helena Bonham Carter), Barker goes by the newfound handle of "Sweeney Todd" and begins slicing the throats of the hapless victims entering his shop, only to send their bodies downstairs as ingredients for Mrs. Lovett's pies. A grim and mesmerizing effort from Tim Burton, Sweeney Todd is a captivating bloodbath from start to finish.
8. Melancholia (2011)
Photo: Nordisk Film |
Melancholia is a 2011 science fiction drama art film written and directed by Lars von Trier and starring Kirsten Dunst, Charlotte Gainsbourg, and Kiefer Sutherland, with Alexander Skarsgård, Brady Corbet, Cameron Spurr, Charlotte Rampling, Jesper Christensen, John Hurt, Stellan Skarsgård, and Udo Kier in supporting roles. The film's story revolves around two sisters, one of whom is preparing to marry just before a rogue planet is about to collide with Earth.
Von Trier's initial inspiration for the film came from a depressive episode he suffered. The film is a Danish production by Zentropa, with international co-producers in Denmark, Sweden, France, and Germany. Filming took place in Sweden. Melancholia prominently features music from the prelude to Richard Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde (1857–1859). It is the second entry in von Trier's unofficially titled "Depression Trilogy", preceded by Antichrist and followed by Nymphomaniac.
7. The Nightingale (2018)
Photo: IFC |
The Nightingale is a 2018 Australian Western film written, directed, and co-produced by Jennifer Kent. Set in 1825 in the penal colony of Van Diemen's Land (present-day Tasmania), the film follows a young female convict seeking revenge for a terrible act of violence committed against her family. It stars Aisling Franciosi, Sam Claflin, and Baykali Ganambarr, and was filmed mostly in English, with some Irish and Palawa kani.
The film premiered at the 75th Venice International Film Festival on 6 September 2018, and was theatrically released in Australia on 29 August 2019, by Transmission Films.
6. Creed II (2018)
Photo: Warner Bros. |
Creed II is a 2018 American sports drama film directed by Steven Caple Jr. and written by Sylvester Stallone and Juel Taylor from a story by Sascha Penn and Cheo Hodari Coker. A sequel to 2015's Creed and the eighth installment in the Rocky franchise, it stars Michael B. Jordan, Stallone, Tessa Thompson, Dolph Lundgren, Florian Munteanu, Wood Harris and Phylicia Rashad. Creed writer-director Ryan Coogler serves as an executive producer on the film. The film follows a fight over 33 years in the making, as Donnie Creed meets a new adversary in the ring: Viktor Drago, son of Ivan Drago, the powerful athlete who took the life of Donnie's father Apollo Creed in 1985's Rocky IV.
A Creed sequel was confirmed in January 2016, but due to both Coogler and Jordan's involvement in Black Panther, the film was delayed, with Coogler ultimately being replaced by Caple. Stallone completed the script in July 2017 and announced Lundgren would be reprising his role as Drago, and filming began in Philadelphia in March 2018, lasting through June.
5. The Social Network (2010)
Photo: Sony Pictures |
The Social Network is a 2010 American biographical drama film directed by David Fincher and written by Aaron Sorkin. Adapted from Ben Mezrich's 2009 book The Accidental Billionaires, it portrays the founding of social networking website Facebook and the resulting lawsuits. It stars Jesse Eisenberg as founder Mark Zuckerberg, along with Andrew Garfield as Eduardo Saverin, Justin Timberlake as Sean Parker, Armie Hammer as Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss, and Max Minghella as Divya Narendra. Neither Zuckerberg nor any other Facebook staff were involved with the project, although Saverin was a consultant for Mezrich's book.
Production of the film began in 2009, when Eisenberg, Timberlake, and Garfield were all announced to star. Principal photography began that same year in October in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and lasted until November. Additional scenes were shot in California, in the cities of Los Angeles and Pasadena, as a portion of the film was set in Silicon Valley. In 2010, it was announced that Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross would create the film's score, which was released on September 28, 2010.
4. Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
Photo: Celador Films |
Slumdog Millionaire is a 2008 British drama film that is a loose adaptation of the novel Q & A (2005) by Indian author Vikas Swarup, telling the story of 18-year-old Jamal Malik from the Juhu slums of Mumbai. Starring Dev Patel as Jamal, and filmed in India, the film was directed by Danny Boyle, written by Simon Beaufoy, and produced by Christian Colson, with Loveleen Tandan credited as co-director. As a contestant on Kaun Banega Crorepati, an Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? Jamal surprises everyone by being able to answer every question correctly. Accused of cheating, Jamal recounts his life story to the police, illustrating how he is able to answer each question correctly.
3. The Blair Witch Project (1999)
The Blair Witch Project is a 1999 American supernatural horror film written, directed and edited by Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez. It is a fictional story of three student filmmakers—Heather Donahue, Michael C. Williams, and Joshua Leonard—who hike into the Black Hills near Burkittsville, Maryland in 1994 to film a documentary about a local legend known as the Blair Witch. The three disappear, but their equipment and footage are discovered a year later. The purportedly "recovered footage" is the film the viewer sees. Myrick and Sánchez conceived of a fictional legend of the Blair Witch in 1993. They developed a 35-page screenplay with the dialogue to be improvised. A casting call advertisement in Backstage magazine was prepared by the directors; Donahue, Williams and Leonard were cast. The film entered production in October 1997, with the principal photography taking place in Maryland for eight days. About 20 hours of footage was shot, which was edited down to 82 minutes. Shot on an original budget of $35,000–60,000, the film had a final cost of $200,000–750,000 after post-production edits.
2. The One I Love (2014)
Photo: Duplass Brothers |
he One I Love is a 2014 American comedy thriller film directed by Charlie McDowell and written by Justin Lader, starring Mark Duplass and Elisabeth Moss. The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 21, 2014. It was released on August 1, 2014, through video on demand, prior to a limited release on August 22, 2014, by RADiUS-TWC.
The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 21, 2014. Shortly after, RADiUS-TWC acquired worldwide distribution rights to the film. The film went onto screen at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 25, 2014. That same month, RADiUS set the film for an August 15, 2014 release. It was released through video on demand on August 1, 2014, prior to a limited release on August 22, 2014.
1. Skyfall (2012)
Photo: Columbia Pictures |
Skyfall is a 2012 spy film and the twenty-third in the James Bond series produced by Eon Productions. The film is the third to star Daniel Craig as fictional MI6 agent James Bond and features Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva, the villain, and Judi Dench as M. It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis, Robert Wade, and John Logan and features the theme song "Skyfall", written and performed by Adele. It was theatrically distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 that leads to a wider plot by former agent Raoul Silva to discredit and kill M as revenge for abandoning him. It sees the return of two recurring characters after an absence of two films: Q, played by Ben Whishaw, and Miss Moneypenny, played by Naomie Harris.
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