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Red Sox - 500 100 001 - 7 10 1Marco Scutaro singled to start the game and Dustin Pedroia homered to left. After an out, Kevin Youkilis walked, J.D. Drew singled, and David Ortiz crushed a 450-foot three-run bomb to right center.
Tigers - 100 000 010 - 2 5 0
Ortiz led off the fourth with a solo home run to right. He struck out in last two at-bats.
Buchholz had a rough first inning (two walks and a single), but beginning with the third out in that inning, he retired 15 of 18 batters through the sixth. He walked two in the seventh and was pulled.
Bill Hall hit a pinch-hit dong in the ninth.
The Rays lost to Seattle 4-3, so Boston is again 5.5 GB. Tampa's magic number for eliminating us holds steady at 122. ... The Yankees beat the Twins 8-4.Clay Buchholz / Max Scherzer
Scherzer had a nice 2.62 ERA after four starts, but he has been horrible his last three times out: 13 innings, 27 hits, 21 runs, and an opponents OPS of 1.151. He began his career in Arizona in 2008, so he has never faced the Red Sox. Only Jeremy Hermida (1-for-3) and Bill Hall (2-for-3) have played against him.Scutaro, SS
Pedroia, 2B
Martinez, C
Youkilis, 1B
Drew, RF
Ortiz, DH
Beltre, 3B
Hermida, LF
McDonald, CF
Here is what current Tigers have done against Buchholz.
Tim Britton, MLB.com:
It's tough to argue against the idea that [Miguel] Cabrera has been the best hitter in the American League so far this season. He leads the league in average and RBIs and is second in on-base percentage and slugging percentage.Cabrera is also kicking everyone's ass in WPA, but Justin Morneau does have a higher OPS and more Runs Created.
B-Ref Stuff: Mat Latos nearly pitched a perfect game against the Giants. It was the Padres' eighth shutout of the season. ... The most productive spot in the Giants' order this year? #8?!? (Boston's #8 spot is 4th best.)


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'I care,' Romney declares, as he duels with Obama in Ohio
| Westerville, Ohio
Slipping in states that could sink his presidential bid, Republican Mitt Romney declared Wednesday that "I care about the people of America" and can do more than President Barack Obama to improve their lives. In an all-day Ohio duel, Obama scoffed that a challenger who calls half the nation "victims" was unlikely to be of much help.
Romney's approach reflected what he is up against: a widening Obama lead in polls in key states such as Ohio, the backlash from a leaked video in which he disparages Obama supporters as government-dependent people who see themselves as victims, and a campaign imperative to make his policy plans more plain.
With under six weeks to go, and just one week before the first big debate, Obama's campaign reveled in the latest public polling — but tried to crush any sense of overconfidence. "If we need to pass out horse blinders to all of our staff, we will do that," said campaign spokeswoman Jen Psaki.
The day's setting was Ohio, where Obama's momentum has seemed to be growing. It's also a state no Republican has won the White House without carrying.
Romney, eager to project confidence and brush aside suggestions that he was faltering, went after working-class voters outside Columbus and Cleveland before rolling to Toledo. Obama rallied college crowds at Bowling Green State University and Kent State University, reminding Ohioans their state allows them to start cast ballots next week. Early voting has already begun in more than two dozen other states.
For Romney, in his appearances and in a new TV ad in which he appeals straight to the camera, it was time for plain talk to contrast himself with Obama, and to mince no words about his expectations.
"There are so many people in our country who are hurting right now. I want to help them. I know what it takes," Romney told the crowd in Westerville. "I care about the people of America, and the difference between me and Barack Obama is I know what to do."
That message so late in the campaign — a presidential nominee declaring his concern for all the people of the country — was part of his widening effort to rebound from his caught-on-video comments at a fundraiser.
In those comments, made last May but only recently revealed, Romney said "47 percent of the people" pay no federal income tax, will vote for Obama no matter what, see themselves as victims, think the government must care for them and do not "take personal responsibility and care for their lives."
New opinion polls, conducted after the video became public, show Obama opening up apparent leads over Romney in battleground states, including Ohio and Virginia. And majorities of voters in Florida, Ohio and Pennsylvania say Romney's policies would favor the rich over the middle class or the poor.
Specifically in Ohio, two surveys show the president crossing the 50 percent mark among likely voters. A Washington Post poll found Obama ahead 52 percent to 44 percent among those most likely to turn out, and a Quinnipiac University/CBS News/New York Times poll showed a 10-point Obama lead among definite voters.
Noting anew the Romney video comments, Obama said Wednesday: "We understand that America is not about what can be done for us. It's about what can be done by us together, as one nation, as one people."
And he added: "You can't make it happen if you write off half the nation before you take office."
Romney was showing signs of picking up his pace, and he did not mince words about his expectations.
"Were we to re-elect President Obama there is no question in my mind we'd face four more difficult years," he said. "If, instead I — no, instead, when I become president, we're going to get this economy growing again, we're going to do the things that ignite this economy."
Romney scheduled a blizzard of interviews with ABC, CBS and NBC, his second round of broadcast network appearances in three days after weeks of ignoring their requests. He also did interviews Tuesday with Fox News and CNN.
"I'm very pleased with some polls, less so with other polls," he told ABC. "But frankly, at this early stage, polls go up, polls go down."
The new Romney TV ad, at 60 seconds, is a longer and softer approach in which he speaks about people struggling to pay for food and gas with falling incomes.
At one point on Wednesday, the two candidates spoke from different sections of northern Ohio at the same time, their scenery as different as their message.
At a factory in Bedford Heights, Romney appeared on a stage surrounded by visual evidence of Ohio's manufacturing base — giant coils of steel wire, metal beams, yellow "caution" signs — and spoke as machines whirred in the background. He appeared with Mike Rowe, an everyman TV personality and pitchman.
Obama appeared at two packed college basketball arenas, delivering his message first to a boisterous crowd of more than 5,000 at Bowling Green and then to 6,000 screaming supporters at Kent State.
He said a student who introduced him broke his wrist during a game of ultimate Frisbee. Exhorting the crowd to vote, he said, "You got to play through injuries."
The campaigns tried, too, for footholds on other fronts.
Both sides kept up their attempts to paint each other as weak in dealing with China, efforts aimed at wooing support from working-class voters whose jobs might suffer from imports from China.
Romney also focused Wednesday on interest paid on the national debt, a subject he hasn't regularly discussed in his standard campaign speech. His comments came after a Washington Post poll showed the federal debt and deficit are the one set of issues where he has an advantage over Obama with likely voters.
Romney's running mate, Paul Ryan, took a sharper approach. He told radio host Sean Hannity that Obama was using hollow tactics to paint his opponents as evil.
"He's basically trying to say 'If you want any security in your life stick with me. If you go with these Republicans they're going to feed you to the wolves. It's going to be a dog-eat-dog society,'" Ryan said.
In recent weeks, Romney has lost his polling edge on the economy generally, with more people saying they now trust Obama to fix the nation's economic woes.
Fighting back, new Republican-leaning independent groups jumped in Wednesday with advertising aimed at voters who supported Obama in 2008 but are undecided now.
"I will say that as time progresses, the field is looking like it's narrowing for them," said Psaki, the Obama campaign spokeswoman. "In that sense, we'd rather be us than them."
The president, though, did have his own ups and downs.
Air Force One aborted its approach into Toledo because of bad weather, forcing the commander of the presidential plane to circle the airfield.
The second try was a success without incident.
Later, at Kent State, Obama was building to his argument for keeping jobs in the United States when he stumbled on a familiar line before recovering at Romney's expense.
"First thing is, I want to see us export more jobs, uh, exports more products. Excuse me. I was a channeling my opponent there for a second."
AP White House Correspondent Ben Feller reported from Washington. Associated Press writers Kasie Hunt in Westerville, Ohio, Beth Fouhy in New York and Dan Sewell in Cincinnati and Deputy Director of Polling Jennifer Agiesta contributed to this report.

subset: commoncrawl


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Most of you probably don't remember. I don't, besides that I was in residency.
I bet you have no idea how close you came to dying (it was 2 minutes). Or, if you didn't die, having your life dramatically altered.
A Black Brant is a type of goose. It's also the name of a Canadian rocket routinely used for atmospheric experiments. It's launched with a bunch of instruments (depending on what's being studied) and the instruments are monitored during the flight. They then parachute back to Earth and are recovered for further data.
Black Brants are commonly used by Canada, the U.S., and several other countries for research. And so it was on this day in 1995.
A team of U.S. and Norwegian scientists launched a Black Brant from northwest Norway to study the Aurora Borealis. It contained standard scientific instruments.
But things - almost - went horribly wrong.
Routine notification of scientific and test launches is customary, and this one was no exception. 30 countries were told, including Russia. But due to layers of bureaucracy, the notice wasn't passed along their military chain. After all, the cold war had been over for 4 years.
As the rocket climbed, it was picked up by Russian radar early warning systems. It was on a trajectory that matched a predicted Trident missile launch from U.S. nuclear submarines in the Arctic circle. As it flew it also crossed an air corridor between American ballistic missile silos in North Dakota and Moscow, which resulted in Russian satellites tracking it.
The Russians read it as an American first strike. Both sides had practiced war games where a single high-altitude nuclear explosion from a submarine would be used to blind radar and satellites from the real attack, while the electromagnetic pulse would paralyze their defenses.
The Russian military went to full alert. Their ballistic missile submarines in the Arctic were all ordered to prepare for immediate launch. Silo crews on land were notified. Their targets would be the major cities of North America and western Europe. They knew the American/NATO forces would respond in kind.
The Black Brant used in this case was a 4-stage rocket. As it separated the radar pattern matched that of a ballistic missile with multiple re-entry warheads coming down, further convincing the Russians that an attack was underway.
The nuclear briefcase, with its launching codes, was brought to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. Like the Americans, the Russians use a mandatory 10 minute launch window (the time needed for a submarine-launched missile to reach either country). Yeltsin activated his nuclear keys to launch a counterattack- but waited for final verification.
At 8 minutes into the alert the rocket's course became clearer, and the Russians realized it was not incoming. With 2 minutes left before the mandatory nuclear launch time, Yeltsin deactivated the briefcase and ordered all nuclear forces off alert. The incident wasn't reported at the time.
The Black Brant rocket completed it's planned flight, landing near Spitsbergen and recovered. The scientists involved had no idea what had happened.
Did that story scare you? Then think about this: It's a single incident.
On November 9, 1979 the U.S. military was testing a radar training tape of what an incoming missile strike would look like. Unfortunately, while being tested, the tape was accidentally broadcast on screens at the American nuclear missile headquarters (NORAD).
The long range nuclear bombers in Alaska were ordered to take off to bomb Russia, while the command tried to verify the attack with other radar systems and satellites (which didn't show anything unusual). It took 6 minutes before an anonymous officer discovered the error, and the bombers were recalled.
We've all heard of Yeltsin, but have you ever heard of Stanislav Petrov? He's a retired Soviet military officer, now living in Fryazino, Russia.
In September, 1983 U.S.-Soviet relations were likely at their worst point since the Cuban Missile Crisis. To top it off, the Russians had just installed a new early-warning system.
On September 26, 1983, Petrov was the shift officer in command of the Soviet early-warning radar defenses. The system twice reported an incoming nuclear strike from North America, once with a single missile, a second time with 4.
Petrov, in a remarkably gutsy move, overrode the computer both times. He declared it an error and didn't pass the information to his superiors. His reasoning was based entirely on his gut instinct that the new system couldn't be trusted. As it turned out, he was right.
Petrov himself couldn't launch a strike. But both sides were on such a hair trigger at the time that if he'd passed the information farther up the line, most historians agree that his superiors would have assumed the worst and ordered a retaliatory attack.
You want more? During the Cuban Missile Crisis Vasili Arkhipov was First Officer on a submarine stationed in the Caribbean. His submerged boat was surrounded by American destroyers, who were trying to identify it.
The captain thought war between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. had started, and wanted to launch a nuclear torpedo. To do so required a unanimous opinion of the boat's 3 top officers. The other 2 wanted to launch, and Arkhipov refused. He argued so forcefully against doing so that the captain decided to surface, identify himself, and check with Moscow. The movie "Crimson Tide" was based on his story.
In only one incident was it actually a world leader who averted disaster. In the rest (and there are many others, read here, or over here) it was a few people (even one), considerably lower in the chain.
On this day in 1995 it was only 2 minutes. Just 120 seconds. Less time than it took you to read this.
Life on the edge is precarious.


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Support for Deal Apps from Deals LLC
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- App stopped working. What can I do? Answer: Reinstall the App. You can find the App at the App Store – our developer name is Deals LLC
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- Want Deals from Other Areas. Let us know at firstname.lastname@example.com which areas you want to find deals in. We'll let you know if we have an app for that area


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Some time before WonderBaby was born, my husband and I had a conversation about what it was going to be like to have a daughter. I asked him whether he thought he might find it challenging, as a man, to raise a girl. No, he said. Not at all. Except…
Except what?
Except that I'm bracing myself, I guess.
For what?
For more pain, than if we had a boy. For getting my heart broken.
I knew what he meant. He wasn't talking about losing her, one day, to the great big world beyond childhood and family - to life on her own, to lovers, to a spouse, to adulthood. That was a given, a pain that we didn't need to brace ourselves against, a pain that we had already accepted, even though it was so far off. He was afraid of not being able to protect her from the darker forces of a world that would likely try to take her from us too soon – that would take her childhood, her innocence, too soon.
He was talking about all of the terrible things that the world can do to girls (which is not to say that boys are invulnerable, only that we usually believe girls to be more vulnerable), about all of the dangers and all of the threats that shape parents' nightmares, the things that we all want to plug our ears and shut our eyes against. But he was also talking about the more insidious ways that the world conspires to steal our daughters' innocence.
He was talking about the influence of this sort of thing:
And this:
And, God help us, this:
The knee-jerk response to this - my knee-jerk response to this - is to want to hide your children from the world, to protect them from the world, to protect them from the influence of Britney and Lindsay and Paris and Bratz Dollz and (god dear god crop tops with saucy diapers and chain-linked bottles) Baby Bratz Dollz and Pussycat Dolls.
The knee-jerk response is to want to keep them innocent forever, to want to do anything, anything at all that will keep them innocent forever. But that's not necessarily the answer - as Rebecca of Girl's Gone Child reminded us all the other day, our children need to learn how to navigate this world. We don't necessarily help them by keeping them from it, or it from them. We need to mediate their relationship to the world and everything in it, certainly, but do we help them by censoring it?
I'm still undecided about where, exactly, I draw the line between mediation and censorship in helping my children navigate the often choppy and mostly murky waters of this world that we live in. But what I do know is this: I not only want to preserve my daughter's innocence for as long as is reasonable (how long this is, is another question), I want to her to come to understand herself as a physical and, eventually, sexual being innocently. Does that make sense? I want her understanding of herself as a sexual being to unfold naturally, healthily, innocently - I don't want it forced upon her. I don't want it imposed upon her by popular culture or by peer pressure or - dear god - by another human being.
I don't want her to be confused by or misinformed about human sexuality. As I was. If I want my daughter to be powerful as a woman - and I do - I need to ensure that she understands herself (in the healthiest way possible) as a powerful physical being. She needs to understand her own sexuality.
So, I end up caught between a rock and a hard place. Protect her from becoming sexualized, but encourage her to understand and embrace her own sexuality. On this issue, I am at a loss.
What to do, what to do...?
I know! Let's ask Gloria Steinem!
Us:* How do we – as women and mothers and feminists – find a balance between embracing and being empowered by our own sexuality and protecting our girls from the effects of a hyper-sexualized culture that seems to encourage them to use their sexuality in all the wrong ways?
Gloria: We have a power that the media doesn't: the power of an all-five-senses example. If our daughters see us behaving as sexual and whole in a positive way – if we don't allow ourselves to be treated as we wouldn't want our daughters to be treated – that's truly subversive. If we don't give up ourselves for male approval, or "Uncle Tom" by treating men as more important than they are, or complain about our bodies every time we pass a mirror, our daughters will know they don't have to either. They may go underground for a while and conform to the media or their peers, but they will always know there's another way. Also, I think we can link kids' sense of fairness to sex. Why should girls be more judged by appearance than boys? Why are our bodies ornaments while theirs are instruments? Why should girls perform oral sex on boys – what kind of unequal pleasure is that?
I love this answer (and I love her for taking the time to answer it) - but, I'll be honest, it also frustrates me. She's absolutely correct that we are the best examples for our daughters - but what if we are still struggling with our own sexuality? On a cultural level, I'm thinking of all of the women my own age that I regularly see who seem to be modelling themselves on Bratz Dolls - if these women are or become mothers, they're going to be raising a whole generation of little tartlets.
On a personal level, it's even more complicated. I still have lingering issues about my body, and issues about my sexuality. This isn't the forum for them, but they're there. And I'm terrified of passing these on to my daughter. I have some miles to go before I will feel fully confident about modelling 'whole and positive' sexuality and body confidence to my daughter. But I need to get there.
What do you think? About her answer, or about the general dilemma? I'm looking for more guidance here, people...
Because Mother's bathing costume looks exactly like this one...
*This question was an amalgamation of a the questions submitted by Izzy and Penelope. I compiled a second question from a few more of your questions, which she also answered (nice lady!), and I'll post it next week. In the meantime, check out these other blogs, which will likely have their question/responses posted soon:
Jen Satterwhite of Mommy Needs Coffee; Pamela Slim of Escape from Cubicle Nation; Leah Peterson of Leah Peah; Kristen Chase of Motherhood Uncensored; Ingrid Wiese of Three New York Women; Sarah Brown of Que Sera Sera; Stolie of Funky Brown Chick; Liz of Mom-101.


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Mr. President, a year ago, I shared with my colleagues concerns I had about the trajectory of democracy in Hungary. Unfortunately, since then Hungary has moved ever farther away from a broad range of norms relating to democracy and the rule of law.
On June 6, David Kramer, the President of Freedom House who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor for President George W. Bush, summed up the situation. Releasing Freedom House's latest edition of Nations in Transit Kramer said: "Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych, under the pretext of so-called reforms, have been systematically breaking down critical checks and balances. They appear to be pursuing the `Putinization' of their countries."
The report further elaborates, "Hungary's precipitous descent is the most glaring example among the newer European Union (EU) members. Its deterioration over the past five years has affected institutions that form the bedrock of democratically accountable systems, including independent courts and media. Hungary's negative trajectory predated the current government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, but his drive to concentrate power over the past two years has forcefully propelled the trend."
Perhaps the most authoritative voice regarding this phenomenon is the Prime Minister himself. In a February 2010 speech, Viktor Orbán criticized a system of governance based on pluralism and called instead for: "a large centralized political field of power . . . designed for permanently governing." In June of last year, he defended his plan to cement economic policy in so-called cardinal laws, which require a two-thirds vote in parliament to change, by saying, "It is no secret that in this respect I am tying the hands of the next government, and not only the next one but the following ten."
Checks and balances have been eroded and power has been concentrated in the hands of officials whose extended terms of office will allow them to long outlive this government and the next. These include the public prosecutor, head of the state audit office, head of the national judicial office, and head of the media board. Those who have expressed concerns about these developments have good reason to be alarmed.
I am particularly concerned about the independence of the judiciary which, it was reported this week, will be the subject of infringement proceedings launched by the European Commission, and Hungary's new media law. Although there have been some cosmetic tweaks to the media law, the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media has argued that it remains highly problematic. Indeed, one expert has predicted that the most likely outcome of the new law will be to squeeze out reporting on corruption.
Hungary also adopted a new law on religion last year that had the stunning effect of stripping hundreds of religions of their legal recognition en masse. Of the 366 faiths which previously had legal status in Hungary, only 14 were initially granted recognition under the new law. Remarkably, the power to decide what is or is not a religion is vested entirely and exclusively in the hands of the legislature, making it a singularly politicized and arbitrary process. Of 84 churches that subsequently attempted to regain legal recognition, 66 were rejected without any explanation or legal rationale at all. The notion that the new framework should be acceptable because the faiths of most Hungarian citizens are recognized is poor comfort for the minority who find themselves the victims of this discriminatory process. This law also stands as a negative example for many countries around the world just now beginning tenuous movement towards democracy and human rights.
Finally, a year ago, I warned that "[i]f one side of the nationalism coin is an excessive fixation on Hungarian ethnic identity beyond the borders, the other side is intolerance toward minorities at home."I am especially concerned by an escalation of anti-Semitic acts which I believe have grown directly from the government's own role in seeking to revise Hungary's past.
Propaganda against the 1920 Treaty of Trianon, which defines the current borders of Hungary, has manifested itself in several ways. Most concretely, the Hungarian government extended citizenship on the basis of ethnic or blood identity–something the government of Viktor Orbán promised the Council of Europe in 2001 that it would not do and which failed to win popular support in a 2004 referendum. Second, the government extended voting rights to these new ethnic citizens in countries including Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Ukraine. This has combined with a rhetorical and symbolic fixation on "lost" Hungarian territories–apparently the rationale for displaying an 1848 map of Greater Hungary during Hungary's EU presidency last year. In this way, the government is effectively advancing central elements of the agenda of the extremist, anti-Semitic, anti-Roma Jobbik party. Moreover, implicitly–but unmistakably–it is sending the message that Hungary is no longer a civic state where political rights such as voting derive from citizenship, but where citizenship derives from one's ethnic status or blood identity.
The most recent manifestation of this revisionism includes efforts to rehabilitate convicted war criminal Albert Wass and the bizarre spectacle of the Hungarian government's role in a ceremony in neighboring Romania–over the objections of that country–honoring fascist writer and ideologue Joszef Nyiro. That event effectively saw the Speaker of the Hungarian Parliament, Laszlo Kover; the Hungarian State Secretary for Culture, Geza Szocs; and Gabor Vona, the leader of Hungary's most notoriously extremist party, Jobbik, united in honoring Nyrio. Several municipalities have now seen fit to erect statues honoring Miklos Horthy, Hungary's wartime leader, and the writings of Wass and Nyiro have been elevated onto the national curriculum.
It is not surprising that this climate of intolerance and revisionism has gone hand-in-hand with an outbreak of intolerance, such as the anti-Semitic verbal assaults on a 90-year old Rabbi and on a journalist, an attack on a synagogue menorah in Nagykanizsa, the vandalism of a Jewish memorial in Budapest and monuments honoring Raoul Wallenberg, the Blood Libel screed by a Jobbik MP just before Passover, and the recent revelation that a Jobbik MP requested–and received–a certificate from a genetic diagnostic company attesting that the MP did not have Jewish or Romani ancestry.
We are frequently told that Fidesz is the party best positioned in Hungary to guard against the extremism of Jobbik. At the moment, there seems to be little evidence to support that claim. The campaign to rehabilitate fascist ideologues and leaders from World War II is dangerous and must stop. Ultimately, democracy and the rights of minorities will stand or fall together.
Hungary is not just on the wrong track, it is heading down a dangerous road. The rehabilitation of disgraced World War II figures and the exaltation of blood and nation reek of a different era, which the community of democracies–especially Europe–had hoped was gone for good. Today's Hungary demonstrates that the battle against the worst human instincts is never fully won but must be fought in every generation.


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Over the last week I had been enjoying the leftover corned beef in the form of reuben sandwiches . I made sure to save one serving of the corned beef for the weekend because there was one more recipe that I wanted to try with it. I had come across a recipe for a reuben dip a while ago and I just knew that I would have to make it. It has all of the great flavours of a reuben sandwich in the form of a dip! I tweaked the recipe a bit and added some cream cheese as it the base of all of my favorite hot cheesy dips. I also decided to serve it with some toasted rye bread which was the one component of a reuben sandwich that was missing. The reuben dip was amazingly good! It was nice and warm and ooey and gooey and stringy and addictively tasty. I have never seen a bowl of dip disappear so quickly! I ran out of toasted rye before the dip and the dip was eagerly finished off with a spoon. I will definitely be making this again.
Reuben Dip
A hot cheese dip with all of the flavours of a reuben sandwich with corned beef, sauerkraut, swiss cheese and russian dressing. Serve with toasted dark rye for dipping to complete the reuben sandwich flavours.
- 1/2 cup cooked corned beef, diced or shredded
- 1/4 cup sauerkraut, squeezed, drained, coarsely chopped
- 1/4 cup swiss cheese, shredded
- 4 ounces cream cheese, room temperature
- 1/4 cup russian dressing
- Mix everything, place it in a baking dish and bake in a preheated 350F/180C oven until bubbling on the sides and golden brown on top, about 20-30 minutes.


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Jaroslav Pelikan
Jaroslav Jan Pelikan (December 17, 1923 – May 13, 2006) was one of the world's leading scholars in the history of Christianity and authored more than 30 books including the five-volume The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine (1971–1989). Pelikan gave the 1992–93 Gifford lectures at the University of Aberdeen, which yielded the book Christianity and Classical Culture. He was the Sterling Professor Emeritus of History at Yale University where he served on the faculty from 1962 to 1996, and was the president of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences from 1994 to 1997.
Born in Akron, Ohio, as the son of a Slovak Lutheran pastor and a Serbian mother, Pelikan joined the Orthodox Church in America on March 25, 1998.
In 2004, having received the John W. Kluge Prize for Lifetime Achievement in the Human Sciences, Pelikan donated his award to Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, of which he was a trustee.
On May 13, 2006, Jaroslav Pelikan reposed, after a long battle with lung cancer. The funeral was May 17 in the seminary chapel of St. Vladimir's Seminary.
- What is the difference between Tradition and Traditionalism? Tradition is the living faith of the dead. Traditionalism is the dead faith of the living. from The Vindication of Tradition
- For those who believe that you don't need tradition because you have the Bible, the Christian Tradition has sought to say, "You are not entitled to the beliefs you cherish about such things as the Holy Trinity without a sense of what you owe to those who worked this out for you." To circumvent Saint Athanasius on the assumption that if you put me alone in a room with the New Testament, I will come up with the doctrine of the Trinity, is naive. So for these readers I have tried to provide a degree of historical sophistication, which is, I believe, compatible with an affirmation of the central doctrines of Christian faith.
- Bach Among the Theologians
- Christianity and Classical Culture: The Metamorphosis of Natural Theology in the Christian Encounter with Hellenism, Yale University, 1995, ISBN 0300062559
- Confessor Between East and West: A Portrait of Ukrainian Cardinal Josyf Slipyj
- Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition ISBN 0300093888
- Development of Christian Doctrine: Some Historical Prolegomena
- The Excellent Empire: The Fall of Rome and the Triumph of the Church
- Faust the Theologian
- The Idea of the University: A Reexamination ISBN 0300058349
- Interpreting the Bible and the Constitution (John W. Kluge Center Books) ISBN 0300102674
- Jesus Through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture ISBN 0300079877
- Luther's Works
- Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings
- Mary Through the Centuries: Her Place in the History of Culture ISBN 0300076614
- Mary: Images Of The Mother Of Jesus In Jewish And Christian Perspective
- The Melody of Theology: A Philosophical Dictionary
- The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century (Foreword) ISBN 0807013013
- The Riddle of Roman Catholicism
- The Vindication of Tradition: The 1983 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities ISBN 978-0300031546
- The World Treasury of Modern Religious Thought
- What Has Athens to Do with Jerusalem?: Timaeus and Genesis in Counterpoint (Thomas Spencer Jerome Lectures) ISBN 0472108077
- Whose Bible Is It? A History of the Scriptures Through the Ages ISBN 0670033855
External links
- Dr Jaroslav Pelikan falls asleep in the Lord by St Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary
- Jaroslav Pelikan article in German
- Renowned Yale church historian Jaroslav Pelikan dies at 82
- Pelikan to Orthodox church by Roger Kahle and Amy Sitze of thelutheran.org (subscription only)
- Announcement of Kluge Award
- "The Future of Our Past" - originally published in The Orthodox Church (OCA newspaper) (Wayback Machine)
- The Predicament of the Christian Historian by Jaroslav Pelikan (Wayback Machine)


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Tomb Raider:Legend
The Games on Demand version supports English, French, Italian, German, Spanish. Download the manual for this game by locating the game on http://marketplace.xbox.com and selecting "See Game Manual". Lara Croft, one of the greatest explorers of our time, is on the path of one of History's greatest legends, a weapon with the power to command peace or destroy. In hostile locations around the globe, diabolical traps, ancient guardian machinery and a figure from Lara's past stand between her and the powerful relic. In this thrilling adventure for the truth behind a Legend, Lara will discover the key to her own past, and her future. There are no refunds for this item. For more information, see www.xbox.com/live/accounts.
- 4/8/2010
- Crystal Dynamics
- Eidos
- Action & Adventure, Strategy & Simulation
- Dolby Digital
Get it here. Play it there.
Buy Xbox content on Xbox.com. Your Xbox 360 console will automatically download the content next time you turn it on and connect to Xbox Live.
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The T.C. Williams boys and girls crew teams each brought home gold medals among others from last weekends Virginia Scholastic Rowing Championships on the Occoquan Reservoir in Fairfax.
Keeping up the blistering form that won them a silver medal the week before against national powerhouses at the Stotesbury Regatta, the girls second eight boat won gold against local competition, beating second-placed Georgetown Visitation by nearly six seconds.
The boys second four easily bested their competition, winning the Saturdays final by more than 10 seconds.
Three other T.C. boats won medals as well. The boys first four and junior four both won silver medals, each finishing as runners-up to Gloucester boats. The girls first eight broke the five-minute mark in their final, but finished some six seconds behind winners Robinson and second-placed National Cathedral.


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Hawaii Statewide GIS Program
About the Statewide GIS Program:
The Office of Planning GIS Program leads a multi-agency effort to establish, promote, and coordinate the use of geographic information systems (GIS) technology among Hawaii State Government agencies. The State Office of Planning is responsible for the planning and coordination of activities that are critical to the State's enterprise GIS. The primary goal of the Statewide GIS Program is to improve overall efficiency and effectiveness in government decision-making.
To plan, coordinate and maintain a comprehensive, shared statewide planning and geographic information system and associated geospatial database.
The Hawaii Statewide Planning and Geographic Information System Program is authorized under Chapter 225M-2(b)(4)(B), Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), as amended. The program leads a multi-agency effort to establish and promote the use of geographic information system (GIS) technology in Hawaii State Government.
As directed in Chapter 225M-2(b)(4)(B), HRS, the Office of Planning (OP) within the Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism is responsible for planning and coordinating the multi-agency Statewide GIS Program. The Office of Enterprise Technology Services (ETS), created by Chapter 27-43, HRS, within the Department of Accounting and General Services, partners with the OP in this effort and is the agency responsible for computer system and networking planning, consultation and support to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity of state government programs. ETS works with ESRI and other commercial sources to provide the hardware and software infrastructure supporting the Statewide GIS program.
One of the primary goals of the State GIS Program is to improve overall efficiency and effectiveness in government decision-making. In support of this goal, participating State agencies are developing, maintaining and sharing their respective databases and applications. The centralized database enables agencies to share information while reducing the development of redundant databases, helps standardize the information being analyzed by decision makers and serves as a means for collecting and distributing the best available databases.


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There's more deadly news today from Syria:
"Syrian troops and militia loyal to President Bashar Assad captured and then shot dead 27 young men in northern villages and two foreign journalists were killed in shelling of the besieged city of Homs, activists said on Wednesday." (Reuters)
The Associated Press adds that "a Syrian activist said two foreign journalists were killed Wednesday by Syrian government forces shelling the restive central city of Homs. The report could not be immediately confirmed.
Update at 7:50 a.m. ET. Marie Colvin In 2010: "It's Really Never Been More Dangerous To Be A War Correspondent."
Marie Colvin, one of the reporters said to have been killed today, was an occasional guest on NPR broadcasts, reporting from trouble spots around the world. In 2010, she talked about the dangers that war correspondents face. There's video here.
Update at 7:35 a.m. ET. Confirmation Of The Other Journalist's Death.
As The New York Times writes: "Valérie Pécresse, the French government spokeswoman, identified the dead as Marie Colvin, an American reporter working for The Sunday Times of London, and Rémi Ochlik, a French photographer."
Update at 7:25 a.m. ET. Confirmation Of One Identity From The Sunday Times.
John Witherow, editor of the The Sunday Times, just issued a statement saying that one of the journalists killed was Marie Colvin, an American, who worked for the newspaper. He says:
"I want to report with great shock the sad news of the death of Marie Colvin in Syria today. We have reliable reports that Marie was killed in Homs while covering the devastating bombardment by the Syrian army. She was with Paul Conroy, the freelance photographer, who was injured in the attack. We do not know the extent of his wounds but the early reports suggest he is not too seriously hurt. We are doing what we can to get him to safety and to recover Marie's body.
"Marie was an extraordinary figure in the life of The Sunday Times, driven by a passion to cover wars in the belief that what she did mattered. She believed profoundly that reporting could curtail the excesses of brutal regimes and make the international community take notice. Above all, as we saw in her powerful report last weekend, her thoughts were with the victims of violence.
"Throughout her long career she took risks to fulfil this goal, including being badly injured in Sri Lanka. Nothing seemed to deter her. But she was much more than a war reporter. She was a woman with a tremendous joie de vivre, full of humour and mischief and surrounded by a large circle of friends, all of whom feared the consequences of her bravery.
"Marie was recruited to The Sunday Times more than a quarter of a century ago by David Blundy, her predecessor as Middle East correspondent, who was himself killed in El Salvador in 1989. It shows the risks that foreign correspondents are prepared to take in the pursuit of the truth. Marie will be missed sorely by all of us and her many friends."
From our original post:
Reuters adds that:
"Violence continued to spread. Several YouTube videos taken by local activists in Idlib, which could not be independently confirmed, showed bodies of young men with bullet wounds and hands tied lying dead in streets. The men, all civilians, were mostly shot in the head or chest on Tuesday in their homes or in streets in the villages of Idita, Iblin and Balshon in Idlib province near the border with Turkey, the Syrian Network for Human Rights said."
All this comes, the AP says, as "Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton is trying to ramp up diplomatic efforts against President Bashar Assad's regime on a trip to North Africa this week, [and] some countries begin to explore the possibility of arming Syria's rebels."
Tuesday, as we reported, Syrian citizen journalist Rami al-Sayed was killed during shelling in Homs.
Note: Al-Jazeera, Reuters and some other news outlets earlier reported the names of the journalists who are said to have been killed before we included that information in this post. Britain's foreign secretary, William Hague, posted a statement on Twitter saying he is "saddened by [the] terrible news" of Colvin's death. And British Prime Minister David Cameron paid a tribute to her during "question time" in parliament, the BBC says. We held off on reporting their names until there were multiple statements from several sources (The Sunday Times and the French government, most notably).
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Indore Club Members
This BoB club is in formation and we are currently looking for founding members to secure their exclusive places so that the club can officially launch when we have 12 members. To secure your place all you have to do is pay the one-off registration fee. Annual membership becomes due when the club reaches 12 members and this is when your 12 months membership will commence.


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Finally this hour: Your letters. We heard from Aaron Berger, a high school biology teacher in Minneapolis. He listened closely to our conversation this week about mitochondrial DNA. A debate is raging over whether women who want to have children but have errors in their DNA should be allowed to get a healthy transplant.
Berger wrote to add something he did not hear on our air: Mitochondria are the organelles that allow our cells to release energy from the nutrients in our food. Mitochondrial disorders lead to serious health problems or death, and mitochondrial DNA does not affect the expression of genes for appearance, intelligence, eye color or sex. The use of donor mitochondria is more like an organ transplant than it is like a baby receiving sperm from dad, an egg from mom, a chin from Jay Leno.
We also heard from some of you in response to our story about voice banking. We told you about a program in Seattle that allows patients suffering from diseases such as ALS to record their voices to use later when they can no longer talk on their own. Here's our reporter, Gabriel Spitzer, and the subject of his story, Carl Moore.
GABRIEL SPITZER, BYLINE: Many of Carl's banked messages are practical.
CARL MOORE: I feel tired.
SPITZER: Many are funny.
MOORE: You know what, your driving sucks. So I can still be a backseat driver.
SPITZER: And some are both.
MOORE: Hey, my butt itches. Would you give it a bit of a scratch?
SPITZER: Carl's kind of snarky. Some of his messages can't even be played on the radio. It's part of his personality he's rescuing from the disease.
BLOCK: For listener Wes Breitenbach, Carl Moore's story hit close to home. He writes this: It made me realize that I don't remember the last time I heard my mother speak. Huntington's has held her captive inside her own head for too many years now. She went from her regular speech to a mumble, then just noise. I know that there was a last word, I just don't think I knew it at the time. It happened then passed, unannounced or observed. Until now, I never thought of it.
CORNISH: Breitenbach goes on to say that his sister has also tested positive for Huntington's disease and he hopes she will bank her voice. He concludes that after a while, his mother could only look at a family photo and point. He says: Imagine if my sister could touch that same picture and she could talk, in her voice. It both breaks my heart and gives me hope.
BLOCK: Thanks to everyone who wrote in. And, please, do keep your letters coming. Just go to npr.org and click on contact. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Here at Fausak Tires & Service we want your car or truck to look its best. We also want you to feel good driving your car or truck down the streets in Mobile, AL or Daphne, AL, so that is why having a nice set of wheels or rims is crucial. The selection of wheels and rims here at Fausak Tires & Service is second to none. Great looking rims are usually the first choice, but an owner's choice of rims really affects the car's performance too. Our team is made up of wheel and rim experts that are enthusiasts about making a car look and ride superbly! At our shop you will always get true custom advice on vehicle wheels and car rims from an expert who is on the cutting edge of wheel style, wheel configuration and tire performance. If you are in the market for a new set of performance tires Mobile, AL, custom wheels or rims, then there is only one answer, Fausak Tires & Service. Stop by our Mobile, AL wheel shop, give us a call at (251) 661-8671 or contact us online if you need other auto repair Mobile, AL services.
Alloy Wheels
Think about buying alloy wheels if you do a lot of driving in the mountains or in stop-and-go traffic. Some alloy wheels are designed to encourage cool air flow over the brakes to prevent overheating. The alloy itself can help dissipate heat, too.
Plus-Size Your Rims
If you want to improve performance and add a sportier look, think about plus-sizing your rims. With a larger inner diameter, you'll find steering is more responsive and your car holds the road better. Purchasing rims that are one or two sizes larger than what you have means you'll have to buy new tires as well.
Keep The Weight Down
Look for rims that aren't too heavy for your vehicle. Big, steel rims on a small car can decrease handling ability. Heavy wheels are unsprung weight–not supported by your car's suspension– and therefore useless for smoothing out the ride or improving balance in driving maneuvers.


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Learn how to create a blog and some tips for keeping it updated.
Watch this video for a step by step walk-through on setting up a blog.
You can also watch "Setting up a blog for your website" in high definition on our YouTube page.
This copy is displayed after the flip - which means you have to click on the "read more" link to read it. This format allows people to scan multiple blog posts on your blog's main page rather than being overwhelmed by one long post.
Do you like this post?


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Shipping Policy
Shipping Policy
- NO REFUNDS (only store credits or exchanges)
- We do NOT cover lost or stolen packages. Please be sure to include ROUTE package protection on all orders.
– International orders will have a custom fees that customer is responsible for.
– If there is a package that's unable to deliver due to incorrect address, we will contact you if shipped back to us. The additional cost of delivery will be at the costumer's expense. These orders will NOT be allowed to be canceled.
You will receive an email with your tracking number and order information once your order has been shipped. Allow 24 hours of receiving your email to allow you're tracking information to be updated.
Standard Service: it could take from 2 to 6 weeks or even more depending on the destination (prices vary). It also depends on the time the local customs takes to clear the package. If your local customs takes longer, your package will take longer to arrive.
*Please note: the delivery time is for reference only. The actual delivery time may vary depending on your geographic location and how long it takes to clear customs.
All packages are sent from our US warehouse.
www.allurethebrand.com is NOT responsible for the duties and customs charges incurred on your package. The total amount of payment does not include any duties and customs charges. Duties and Customs charges vary from country to country and it is the buyer's responsibility to understand the fees and charges from your custom. If the package is rejected by the buyer because of the duties and customs charges, the buyer will be responsible for the shipping and return postage to receive a refund. If the buyer chooses to refuse and abandon the order, a refund will not be provided.


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Here we listed Class 8 NCERT Science Solution 3.1 3.1
APKs file for Android 4.0 and above. Class 8 NCERT Science Solution 3.1 is listed in Games category of the google play store. This is the latest version of
Class 8 NCERT Science Solution 3.1 (com.class8.sciencesolutions).
It's easy to download / install to your mobile phone or android device.
Download the apk using your browser and click install, don't forget to allow unknown sources for apps installation.
Click on High Speed Download button for to download apk. Please remember that we only share the free and original,
free and pure apk installer for YouTube APK 17.33.42 without any modification or cheats.
All the apps and games are for home or personal use only not for commercial use. If an apk download violates your company terms / copyright
please contact us at [email protected].
Class 8 NCERT Science Solution 3.1 is the property and
trademark of the developer BOOKS N SOLUTIONS. You can visit BOOKS N SOLUTIONS website to know more about the
company / developer.
All the versions of this apk are available with us. You can also download Class 8 NCERT Science Solution 3.1 apk and run it using popular android emulators such as bluestack or andy.
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At the largest gathering of black alumni in the University's history last weekend, emotions overflowed as people talked about change -- Princeton's transformation from their time as students and the transformation they can bring about through continued engagement.
"It's very obvious to me that the Princeton of 2009 is very different from the Princeton of 1983, and even the Princeton of 2006," said Ken Bruce, a member of the class of 1983 and a past president of the Association of Black Princeton Alumni.
"For many of us, our Princeton experience is complex," he added. "We love it. We have less love for it in other respects. It has helped us in our careers. We enjoy the people, and, in some instances, we've enjoyed the experiences. In others, we have enjoyed the experiences a little less. So the thought process was that we might need a new type of engagement to bring us back as we all move forward."
Some 650 black alumni converged on campus Thursday through Saturday, Oct. 22-24, for a conference to share their experiences and to plan for future progress at the University. Titled "Coming Back and Moving Forward," the event was a follow-up to the 2006 black alumni conference, "Coming Back and Looking Forward," which drew 500 participants.
President Shirley M. Tilghman spoke on Friday afternoon about recent initiatives the University has undertaken to increase diversity, including: establishing the Center for African American Studies from the existing academic certificate program; renovating a building at 58 Prospect Ave. as the new home for the Carl A. Fields Center for Equality and Cultural Understanding; reaffirming its commitment to the strongest possible undergraduate financial aid program even in a period of significant fiscal stringency; and increasing the internationalism of the campus through such efforts as the Bridge Year Program, which began this year.
When asked how alumni can help, Tilghman pointed to the example of the Princeton Prize in Race Relations, an award given to high school students who have worked on race relations in their schools. This endeavor has grown from a small, alumni-funded award to a 23-city program sponsored by the University.
Tilghman called on the alumni community to share additional suggestions. "There are many more great ideas out there," she said. "This conference is to try and extract those ideas from all of you."
Robert Durkee, vice president and secretary and 1969 Princeton graduate, who welcomed participants on Friday, talked about the strides the University has made in increasing diversity since he was a student.
"In 1967 there were about 60 black students at Princeton, and that number far exceeded the total number of black alumni," he said. "The University had just appointed its second black administrator, with Carl Fields having been the first. There was little in the curriculum that spoke to the black experience in this country or the world."
He noted that this year's freshman class is the largest ever at 1,300 and that 37.4 percent of the class comes from minority backgrounds. "The three-year-old Center for African American Studies stands proudly on the front campus with a core faculty that has grown from two to 17, with an additional 18 faculty from other departments serving as associated and affiliated members. The center has increased courses by more than 40 percent, offering 36 this year, and has doubled the number of certificate students; with 41 students last year, it ranked in the top five out of Princeton's 42 certificate programs. The center has, quite simply, become the gold standard in its field -- the leading resource for understanding race in America."
Alumni were able to attend academic discussions with some of the center's faculty members on Friday afternoon on subjects such as the racial achievement gap and how science and technology redefine culture.
Durkee also noted the efforts made by the University to improve diversity on the administrative side, including the appointments of Terri Harris Reed as vice provost of institutional equity and diversity, and Karen Jackson Weaver, a 1994 Princeton alumna, as associate dean of academic affairs and diversity in the Graduate School. He also described the increased support of artistic and cultural activities, from student groups to the new home for the Fields Center.
Alumni heard from students about current life on campus during a panel discussion on Friday afternoon titled "The Student Experience Today."
Friday evening featured Cornel West, the Class of 1943 University Professor in the Center for African American Studies, discussing his new memoir, "Brother West: Living and Loving Out Loud." His talk centered around issues of love, self-respect and giving to others as tools for remaining sane in a sometimes insane world. He explained that a "wind at his back," generated by love from his family, kept him from getting into too much trouble.
The conference was bookended by two talks on President Barack Obama.
The first, on Thursday, was a reading and discussion with Michael Eric Dyson, Georgetown professor and 1993 graduate alumnus. Dyson read from his forthcoming book, "Presidential Race: Barack Obama and Blackness in America," in which he analyzes how race played a large role in the Obama presidential campaign, including Obama's decision to distance himself from the controversial remarks by his former pastor, the Rev. Jeremiah Wright.
"Obama surely couldn't agree with Wright's analysis and remain a viable presidential candidate," Dyson said. "But he might have helped explain Wright better by placing him in an honorable tradition of prophets who denounce America's sins, rather than dismiss [Wright] as incendiary and divisive."
The second talk was a lecture by Eddie Glaude, the William S. Tod Professor of Religion and the chair of the Center for African American Studies. Glaude's Saturday night keynote address was called "America Looks Back: How Will We Move Forward?" In it, Glaude explored the notion of perceiving the past as a condition of the present, and more specifically, how America has reconciled the novelty of the current moment -- the election of its first black president -- with a past fraught with racism and oppression of blacks.
Glaude explained that there are different ways to look at the current moment -- either as a "final ritual of expiation" of the United States, or as a sign that Obama's exceptionalism is merely an example of the country's continuing racial malaise. Glaude called for the audience members to think about how they reflect. "How we look back," he said, "affects how we move forward. It's not enough to say, 'Come, you are now a part of America, you are now a part of Princeton.' It requires instead a fundamental examination -- a re-examination -- of what we mean by 'Princeton,' of what we mean by 'America.'"
Saturday also featured a lunch with Juanita James, a 1974 alumna and the first black female trustee of the University. James, chief marketing and communications officer at Pitney Bowes, reflected on her time at the University and how it prepared her for her future.
As part of only the second class of women to be admitted to the University, James found "a world of contradiction" at Princeton. While some alumni questioned the presence of both female and black students, the support was evident from the first class of women and presidents emeriti Robert F. Goheen and William G. Bowen. James said, "I learned to navigate myself away from those who wanted me to fail."
During an alumni engagement panel on Saturday, Catherine Toppin, a 2002 graduate who is the president of the Association of Black Princeton Alumni, explained why being engaged with the University has been important to her. "The time that I spend in my Princeton activities will pay dividends later," Toppin said. "Princeton is the center of my network."
The alumni engagement session featured audience polling technology, and the attendees answered questions about Princeton black history and their personal involvement with the University by pressing buttons on keypads. The session also marked the kickoff of "Connect: A Black Alumni Leadership Initiative," which is intended to involve African American alumni more deeply in the life of the University as leaders, volunteers and donors.
The concept grew out of the first black alumni conference in 2006 and was launched by a group of current and past black University trustees. Led by co-chairs Dennis Brownlee, a trustee and 1974 graduate, and Brent Henry, a trustee emeritus and 1969 graduate, a 14-member steering committee will oversee the effort during these last three years of the Aspire fundraising campaign. Brownlee and Henry conducted a question-and-answer session with the audience about how best to give back to Princeton.
Goals include raising $4 million, expanding volunteer opportunities, learning more about prospective donors, and partnering with the Alumni Association and Association of Black Princeton Alumni to find fresh approaches to engaging volunteers and donors.
There are currently 3,273 living black alumni, 54 percent of whom are in the 1990 to 2008 classes. Henry explained that alumni connecting with one another is the best way to reach the goals, and also to ensure that more black alumni are remaining engaged with the University.
Alumni could choose from a dozen discussion panels to attend on Saturday, and were able to tour 58 Prospect Ave., the new home of the Fields Center and Community House. David Evans, a 1966 graduate alumnus, described entering Princeton in 1964 when there were only eight black graduate students, and said, "If Princeton was alma mater to all of us, then Carl Fields was alma pater."
Marguerite Vera, a 1979 graduate and the associate director for affiliated group affairs in the Alumni Council, was pleased with the large turnout at the conference, and credited the 2006 event for helping generate enthusiasm.
"Reunions doesn't do it for everyone," Vera said, referring to the class gatherings on campus each spring. "After the previous conference, many alumni felt Princeton embracing them in a different way, and they shared with their classmates how wonderful that was."
Mila Davis, a 1995 alumna, had not returned to Princeton since her fifth Reunion. "I came to the conference because I'm approaching my 15th Reunion, and I knew it would be a good opportunity to reconnect with classmates." Davis added, "I feel fortunate to have gone to Princeton when I did, but I think the energy level has increased over time."
The next conference already is being planned for 2012 by the Office of Alumni Association and the Association of Black Princeton Alumni affiliated group. Videos and photos from this year's conference will be available on the conferece website.


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Reimbursement and Compensation: Pakistan International Airlines
"We apologize for the inconvenience" is a typical response from airlines when a flight is delayed or canceled. But for European departures at least you might also be able to claim flight delay or Pakistan International Airlines cancellation compensation under a law known as EC 261. You could be owed as much as 600€ per person.
Click below to find out how much Pakistan International Airlines flight compensation you're owed and how we can help you get it.
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Pakistan International Airlines Flight Cancellation Compensation
While Pakistan International Airlines isn't a European airline, whenever they fly in Europe they comply with European regulations. That is good news for any passenger affected by a flight cancellation, as a last-minute cancellation of a European departure may entitle them to a fair Pakistan International Airlines compensation payout.
With any Pakistan International Airlines flight cancellation, you'll be offered an alternative flight to your destination, or a full refund if that's what you'd prefer. But in addition, if your flight was canceled less than 14 days before you were due to depart a European airport, EU laws say passengers may be entitled to up to 600€ per person in compensation.
If Pakistan International Airlines was able to offer you an alternative flight that would land at a very similar time to your original, they won't have to pay you compensation. They would also be exempt from paying compensation if there were extraordinary circumstances which made the cancellation necessary. That means anything that is beyond the airline's control, for example, bad weather, a medical emergency, or some form of disruptive event affecting the airport.
Because there are these exceptions, the easiest way to check if you're owed Pakistan International Airlines canceled flight compensation is to use our free compensation calculator.
Pakistan International Airlines Flight Delay Compensation
If you've been on a late flight departing from a European airport, it's worth checking if you're owed Pakistan International Airlines flight delay compensation. That's because under EU law, flights that are delayed by 3 hours or more might be eligible for up to 600€ per person in compensation from their airline.
It doesn't matter where you were flying to — what does matter is your arrival time. For compensation, it is the time that you arrived in your destination that's significant, not the time that you took off. So even if you technically departed on time, if you arrived at your destination more than 3 hours late, you may be eligible for compensation.
One important exclusion is for those Pakistan International Airlines flight delays that are caused by extraordinary circumstances. This refers to situations that are outside of the airline's control. Common examples are delays caused by bad weather or an air traffic control strike. Because the airline cannot prevent these delays, they shouldn't have to pay compensation for them.
But if the delay is due to something they can control — such as a strike by Pakistan International Airlines staff, or a maintenance issue, then you're entitled to submit a flight delay compensation Pakistan International Airlines claim.
What's Covered Under EU Air Passenger Rights?
Europe's air passenger rights, EC 261, are among the most comprehensive in the world. They are designed to ensure airlines like Pakistan International Airlines take appropriate care of their passengers and compensate passengers fairly when their journeys are disrupted by flight delays, cancellations, or overbookings.
All passengers on a flight departing from a European airport are covered by EC 261. However, as Pakistan International Airlines is not a European airline, they do not need to pay EC 261 compensation when they are flying outside of Europe, or even on flights to Europe if the departure airport is outside the EU.
Which Pakistan International Airlines Flights are Covered by EC 261?
Covered by EC 261 | |
Flights departing EU airports | ✔ Yes |
Flights arriving at EU airports | ❌ No |
How Much Pakistan International Airlines Flight Compensation?
Distance | Compensation |
All flights under 1,500 km | Up to €250 per person |
Internal EU flights over 1,500 km | Up to €400 per person |
Non-internal EU flights between 1,500 - 3,500 km | Up to €400 per person |
Non-internal EU flights over 3,500 km | Up to €600 per person |
Table shows values in € as specified in EC 261
All paying passengers are treated equally by EC 261. It doesn't matter where a passenger is from, whether they are an adult or a child, or how much they paid for their ticket — the compensation amounts are the same.
As you might expect with any law, there are exceptions and special circumstances that can affect how much compensation is owed in every individual case. AirHelp makes it simple to check what you're owed with our free compensation calculator.
About Pakistan International Airlines
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Atrial Fibrillation
Topic Overview
What is atrial fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation (say "AY-tree-uhl fih-bruh-LAY-shun") is the most common type of irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia).
Normally, the heart beats in a strong, steady rhythm. In atrial fibrillation, a problem with the heart's electrical system causes the two upper parts of the heart, the atria, to quiver, or fibrillate.
The quivering upsets the normal rhythm between the atria and the lower parts of the heart, the ventricles. And the ventricles may beat fast and without a regular rhythm.
This is dangerous because if the heartbeat isn't strong and steady, blood can collect, or pool, in the atria. And pooled blood is more likely to form clots. Clots can travel to the brain, block blood flow, and cause a stroke.
Atrial fibrillation can also lead to heart failure.
What causes atrial fibrillation?
Conditions that damage or strain the heart commonly cause atrial fibrillation. These include:
- High blood pressure.
- Coronary artery disease.
- Heart attack.
- Heart valve disease.
Other possible causes include:
- Other medical problems, such as heart failure, lung disease, pneumonia, or a high thyroid level.
- Heart surgery.
- Heavy alcohol use. This includes having more than 3 drinks a day over many years as well as drinking a large amount of alcohol at one time (binge drinking).
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms may include:
- Feeling dizzy or lightheaded.
- Feeling out of breath.
- Feeling weak and tired.
- Feeling like the heart is fluttering, racing, or pounding (palpitations).
- Feeling like the heart is beating unevenly.
- Having chest pain.
- Fainting.
Sometimes atrial fibrillation doesn't cause obvious symptoms.
If you have symptoms, see your doctor. Finding and treating atrial fibrillation right away can help you avoid serious problems.
How is atrial fibrillation diagnosed?
The doctor will ask questions about your past health, do a physical exam, and order tests.
The best way to find out if you have atrial fibrillation is to have an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG). An EKG is a test that checks for problems with the heart's electrical activity.
You might also have lab tests and an echocardiogram. An echocardiogram can show how well your heart is pumping and whether your heart valves are damaged.
How is it treated?
Your treatment will depend on the cause of your atrial fibrillation, your symptoms, and your risk for stroke.
Medicines are an important part of treatment. They may include:
- Blood-thinning medicine to help prevent strokes.
- Rate-control medicines to keep your heart from beating too fast during atrial fibrillation.
- Rhythm-control medicines to help bring your heart rhythm back to normal.
Doctors sometimes use a procedure called cardioversion to try to get the heartbeat back to normal. This can be done using either medicine or a low-voltage electrical shock (electrical cardioversion).
If you have symptoms that are hard to live with, ablation may help. It destroys small areas of the heart to create scar tissue. The scar tissue blocks or destroys the areas that are causing the abnormal heart rhythm.
What can you do at home for atrial fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation is often the result of heart disease or damage. So making changes that improve the condition of your heart may also improve your overall health.
- Don't smoke.Avoid secondhand smoke too.
- Eat a heart-healthy diet with plenty of fish, fruits, vegetables, beans, high-fiber grains and breads, and olive oil.
- Get regular exercise on most, preferably all, days of the week. Your doctor can suggest a safe level of exercise for you.
- Stay at a healthy weight. Lose weight if you need to.
- Manage other health problems such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
- Manage your stress. Stress can damage your heart.
- Avoid alcohol if it triggers symptoms.
- Avoid getting sick from the flu. Get a flu shot every year.
Health Tools
Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
Atrial fibrillation is a problem with the heart's electrical system.
When something goes wrong with this system, it's usually because of other health problems that are causing wear and tear on the heart or making it hard for the heart to do its job. Sometimes it's because of lifestyle habits—such as smoking or heavy drinking—that are hard on the heart.
Problems that affect the heart's structure
Atrial fibrillation is often caused by a health problem that directly affects the heart, including:
- High blood pressure.
- Coronary artery disease.
- Heart attack.
- Heart failure.
- Heart valve disease.
- Cardiomyopathy.
Other health problems
Atrial fibrillation can also be caused by other health problems, including:
- Hyperthyroidism.
- Lung disease, such as COPD.
- Having heart surgery or other open-chest surgery.
Atrial fibrillation caused by a condition that is treatable, such as pneumonia or hyperthyroidism, often goes away when that condition is treated.
In some cases, doctors cannot find the cause of atrial fibrillation.
Atrial fibrillation is often discovered during routine medical checkups, because many people don't have symptoms. Others may notice an irregular pulse but don't have other symptoms.
Mild symptoms of atrial fibrillation may occur immediately. More serious problems may occur after the start of atrial fibrillation and over the course of several days. So it is important to identify symptoms and get treatment as soon as possible.
Symptoms include:
- Heart palpitations.
- Irregular pulse.
- Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or emotional stress.
- Weakness, fatigue.
- Chest pain.
- Dizziness, confusion.
- Lightheadedness or fainting (syncope).
Checking your pulse
Checking your pulse is important, because many people don't have symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Ask your doctor how often you should check your heartbeat. If you have atrial fibrillation but have trouble feeling if your heart beat is irregular, you can buy a low-priced stethoscope to listen to your heart.
If you notice that your heartbeat doesn't have a regular rhythm, talk to your doctor.
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is called paroxysmal if episodes last 7 days or less. The episodes may go away on their own or they go away after treatment.
Typically, over time, episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation come on more often and last longer.
Persistent atrial fibrillation
Over time, episodes of atrial fibrillation typically last longer and often don't go away on their own. If an episode lasts more than 7 days, this is called persistent atrial fibrillation. If an episode lasts for more than 12 months, it is called long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation.
Permanent atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is called permanent if you and your doctor have decided to not restore a normal heart rhythm. Although it is called permanent, you can change your mind later and try treatments to restore a normal heart rhythm.
What Increases Your Risk
A risk factor is anything that increases your chances of getting sick or having a problem. Risk factors for atrial fibrillation include:
- Age older than 60.
- Being white and male.
- Obesity.
- Sleep apnea.
- A family history of atrial fibrillation.
- Certain other health problems can cause atrial fibrillation. For a list of these problems, see Cause.
Lifestyle choices
You may have certain habits that increase your risk for atrial fibrillation because they can cause wear and tear on your heart. These lifestyle choices include:
- Long-term, heavy alcohol use, or drinking a large amount of alcohol at one time (binge drinking).
- Smoking.
When to Call a Doctor
Call 911 or other emergency services immediately if you:
- Have symptoms of a heart attack, such as chest pain or pressure, shortness of breath, and nausea.
- Have symptoms of a stroke, such as sudden vision changes; trouble speaking; or numbness, tingling, weakness, or loss of movement in your face or an arm or a leg.
- Feel faint and have an irregular heartbeat.
If you see someone pass out, call 911 or other emergency services immediately.
Call your doctor if you have:
- An irregular heart rate.
- Heart palpitations.
- Periods of unexplained lightheadedness, dizziness, or confusion.
- An episode of fainting or you come close to fainting for no apparent reason.
- Shortness of breath that gets worse with exercise.
If you take a blood thinner
If you take blood-thinning medicine, watch for signs of bleeding.
Call 911 or other emergency services immediately if you:
- You have a sudden, severe headache that is different from past headaches. (It may be a sign of bleeding in the brain.)
Call your doctor right away if you have any unusual bleeding, such as:
- Nosebleeds.
- Vaginal bleeding that is different (heavier, more frequent, at a different time of the month) than what you are used to.
- Bloody or black stools, or rectal bleeding.
- Bloody or pink urine.
Who to see
The following health professionals can detect, diagnose and, in some cases, treat atrial fibrillation:
The following specialists can treat people who have severe symptoms:
Exams and Tests
An electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG) is the best and simplest way to find out whether you have atrial fibrillation. It is usually done along with a medical history and physical exam.
If your doctor suspects that you have atrial fibrillation that comes and goes, he or she may ask you to use a device to record your heart rhythm for a while. This is referred to by several names, including ambulatory electrocardiogram, ambulatory EKG, Holter monitoring, 24-hour EKG, and cardiac event monitoring. Your doctor might also use this device to check how well a medicine is working.
Other tests
Other tests your doctor may recommend include:
- Electrophysiology (EP) study. This test can help your doctor see if there is a problem with your heartbeat (heart rhythm) and find out how to fix it.
- Exercise electrocardiogram. Also called a stress test, this test will help your doctor see whether you have coronary artery disease.
- Echocardiogram. This test can show whether your heart valves are damaged, how well your heart is pumping, and whether you have heart failure or have had a heart attack.
- A blood test to check for hyperthyroidism.
- Prothrombin time and INR. If you take warfarin (such as Coumadin), you will need to have this type of blood test regularly to check how long it takes for your blood to clot.
Treatment Overview
It's hard to say exactly what your treatment for atrial fibrillation will be, because it depends so much on your symptoms and your risk for other health problems.
Treatments are aimed at helping you feel better and preventing future problems, especially stroke and heart failure. There are three main types of treatment:
- Treatment to slow your heart rate.
- Treatment to control your heart rhythm.
- Treatment to prevent stroke.
Treatment to slow your heart rate
Rate-control medicines are used if your heart rate is too fast.
They usually do not return your heart to a normal rhythm—in other words, your heartbeat will still be irregular. But these medicines can keep your heart from beating at a dangerously fast rate. These medicines may also relieve symptoms.
Treatment to control your heart rhythm
Treatment to control your heart rhythm is done to try to stop atrial fibrillation and keep it from returning. It may also help your symptoms. Treatments include:
- Rhythm-control medicines, also called antiarrhythmics.
- Electrical cardioversion. This procedure uses a low-voltage electrical shock to return the heart to a normal rhythm.
- Catheter ablation. This minimally invasive procedure destroys tiny areas in the heart that cause atrial fibrillation. It can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
- AV node ablation is another type of catheter ablation. It does not stop atrial fibrillation, but it can relieve symptoms.
- Maze procedure. This may be done as a minimally invasive surgery or during open-heart surgery. It creates scar tissue that blocks excess electrical impulses from traveling through your heart.
Treatment to prevent stroke
Atrial fibrillation is dangerous because if the heartbeat isn't strong and steady, blood can collect, or pool, in the atria. And pooled blood is more likely to form clots. Clots can travel through the bloodstream to the brain and cause a stroke.
Your doctor can help you know your risk of a stroke based on your age and health. This information can help you and your doctor decide how to lower your risk.
If you are at an average-to-high risk of having a stroke, your doctor may prescribe long-term use of an anticoagulant medicine to lower this risk.
If you are at low risk of having a stroke, you may choose to not take an anticoagulant.
For more information, see Medications.
A device (such as Watchman) may be implanted to try to lower the risk of stroke. The device may prevent blood clots from moving out of the heart and causing a stroke. The device is placed inside of the heart with a procedure that uses catheters in blood vessels. This device might be used in some people who cannot take an anticoagulant long-term.
For more information on this device, see Other Treatments.
Do all you can to prevent heart disease, which is a cause of atrial fibrillation. Take steps toward a heart-healthy lifestyle.
- Manage your stress.
- Exercise regularly.
- Eat heart-healthy foods.
- Control your blood pressure.
- Lose extra weight.
- Don't smoke.
Living With Atrial Fibrillation
Many people are able to live full and active lives with atrial fibrillation. Most people don't have to change their daily activities.
Because atrial fibrillation is often the result of a heart condition, making changes to improve your heart condition will usually improve your overall health.
Have a heart-healthy lifestyle
A heart-healthy lifestyle may help reduce how often you have episodes of atrial fibrillation. If you are overweight, losing weight can help relieve symptoms.
- Don't smoke. If you need help quitting, see the topic Quitting Smoking.
- Eat heart-healthy foods.
- Try an exercise program. Talk to your doctor about what type and level of exercise is safe for you.
- Stay at a healthy weight. Lose weight if you need to. For more information, see the topic Weight Management.
- Avoid alcohol if it triggers symptoms.
- Control your stress. Treatments like yoga, biofeedback, and meditation may help.
For more information, see:
Prevent other health problems
- If needed, take medicines that help lower your risk of heart disease. These include cholesterol and blood pressure medicine.
- Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medicine. Tell your doctor all of the medicines you take. Some prescription and nonprescription medicine can interact with your heart medicines. Some nonprescription medicines, especially cold and herbal remedies, contain stimulants that can trigger atrial fibrillation.
- Get a flu vaccine every year.
- Know the signs of sleep apnea. Tell your doctor if you have symptoms such as snoring and feeling sleepy during the day. Many people with atrial fibrillation also have this condition.
Take medicines safely
When you take a blood thinning medicine, you need to take extra steps to avoid bleeding problems, such as preventing falls and injuries. If you take warfarin, you also get regular blood tests and watch how much vitamin K you eat or drink.
If you have atrial fibrillation, you may take a medicine to help prevent a stroke. You may also take a medicine that slows your heart rate or controls your heart rhythm.
Medicine to prevent a stroke
Your doctor can help you know your risk of a stroke based on your age and health. This information can help you and your doctor decide how to lower your risk.
Anticoagulant medicines, also called blood thinners, are recommended for most people with atrial fibrillation who are at average to high risk of stroke.
If you are at low risk of having a stroke, you may choose to not take an anticoagulant.
Anticoagulant choices include:
- Apixaban (Eliquis).
- Dabigatran (Pradaxa).
- Edoxaban (Savaysa).
- Rivaroxaban (Xarelto).
- Warfarin (Coumadin).
For help deciding about an anticoagulant, see:
Medicine to slow your heart rate
Rate-control medicines are used if your heart rate is too fast. The medicine slows your heart rate. Your heart rate may not need to be very low. A heart rate of 110 beats per minute may be enough to help you.
These medicines include:
- Beta-blockers.
- Calcium channel blockers.
- Digoxin.
Rate-control medicines may relieve symptoms caused by the fast heart rate. But these medicines may not relieve other symptoms caused by atrial fibrillation.
Medicine to control your heart rhythm
Rhythm-control medicines (also known as antiarrhythmics) help return the heart to its normal rhythm and keep atrial fibrillation from returning. They may help relieve symptoms caused by an irregular heart rate.
Other Treatment
Electrical cardioversion
Electrical cardioversion uses a low-voltage electrical shock to return an irregular heartbeat to a normal rhythm.
Catheter ablation
Catheter ablation is a minimally invasive procedure. It destroys the heart tissue that causes atrial fibrillation and that keeps atrial fibrillation going after it starts.
For help deciding whether catheter ablation is a good choice for you, see:
AV node ablation is another type of catheter ablation. It does not stop atrial fibrillation but it can relieve symptoms.
Device to prevent stroke
An implanted device (such as Watchman) is a newer way to try to lower the risk of stroke caused by atrial fibrillation. Doctors call the device a left atrial appendage closure device. This means that the device closes a very small part of the left atrium (a chamber of the heart) where blood clots might form. The device may prevent these blood clots from moving out of the heart and causing a stroke.
The device is placed inside of the heart with a procedure that uses catheters in blood vessels. This procedure is available at a small number of hospitals. The device is not right for everyone. It might be used for a person who cannot take an anticoagulant long-term. Research shows that the device may work as well as the anticoagulant called warfarin to prevent stroke. It is not known how the device compares to other anticoagulants. There is a chance of harm from the procedure and the device, including bleeding and blood clots.footnote 1 Doctors do not know the long-term benefits and risks of the device. You and your doctor can decide if the device is right for you.
- Reddy VY, et al. (2017). 5-year outcomes after left atrial appendage closure from the PREVAIL and PROTECT AF trials. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 70(24): 2964-2975. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.021. Accessed April 13, 2018.
Other Works Consulted
- Calkins H, et al. (2012). 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Rhythm, 9(4): 632–696.e21.
- January CT, et al. (2014). 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation, published online March 28, 2014. DOI: 10.1161/?CIR.0000000000000041. Accessed April 18, 2014.
- Noelck N, et al. (2016). Effectiveness of left atrial appendage exclusion procedures to reduce the risk of stroke: A systematic review of the evidence. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 9(4): 395–405. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002539. Accessed July 19, 2016.
- Roy D, et al. (2008). Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(25): 2667–2677.
- Shea JB, Sears SF (2008). A patient's guide to living with atrial fibrillation. Circulation, 117(20): e340–e343.
- Sherman DG, et al. (2005). Occurrence and characteristics of stroke events in the atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of sinus rhythm management (AFFIRM) study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(10): 1185–1191.
- Van Gelder IC, et al. (2010). Lenient versus strict rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation. New England Journal of Medicine, 362(15): 1363–1373.
- You JJ, et al. (2012). Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed.—American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 141(2, Suppl): e531S–e575S.
Current as of: April 9, 2019
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:Rakesh K. Pai MD, FACC – Cardiology, Electrophysiology & E. Gregory Thompson MD – Internal Medicine & Martin J. Gabica MD – Family Medicine & Adam Husney MD – Family Medicine & John M. Miller MD, FACC – Cardiology, Electrophysiology
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.


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And if this photo of a dress MADE OUT OF M&M WRAPPERS doesn't get your attention, I don't know what will.
This Friday, EarthShare is hosting an event about eco-friendly fashion. EarthShare is my green non-profit organization of choice because it raises funds through workplaces and distributes them between 60 more green non-profit organizations, locally, nationally, and internationally. That's sort of cheating though, because that's like saying 60 organizations are my favorite. But whatever! Not important! This thing is happening Friday! And the non-profit part should tell you that I'm not getting paid to write this -- I want people to know about it, dammit!
At the L2 event I attended and took part in last Friday, Erin Schrode's talk about her project, Teens Turning Green, was especially inspiring. She pointed out that eventually, sustainable clothes shouldn't be special or exclusive or expensive, they should be the norm. Ashamedly, I can't claim to be demonstrating this too well, other than that most of the clothes I buy are from thrift stores or yard sales. Anyway, this show will be a slightly nuttier, less everyday version of that idea, with clothes made out of things like the above M&M wrappers and plenty other weird things that are probably crazy detailed and cool to see in person. And, y'know, Chicago isn't really a fashion city, like, at ALL, so I always like learning about the designers here, especially when dresses made out of cardboard are thrown into the mix. I won't be there but can't wait to see photos. If you end up going, email me. I want to hear all about it!