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NEW YORK (AP) — Buoyed by his characteristically soaring spirit, the surging crowd around him and a pair of canes, Pete Seeger walked through the streets of Manhattan leading an Occupy Movement protest in 2011.
Though he would later admit the attention embarrassed him, the moment brought back so many feelings and memories as he instructed yet another generation of young people how to effect change through song and determination — as he had done over the last seven decades as a history-sifting singer and ever-so-gentle rabble-rouser.
"Be wary of great leaders," he told The Associated Press two days after the march. "Hope that there are many, many small leaders."
The banjo-picking troubadour who sang for migrant workers, college students and star-struck presidents in a career that introduced generations of Americans to their folk music heritage died Monday at the age of 94. Seeger's grandson, Kitama Cahill-Jackson, said his grandfather died peacefully in his sleep around 9:30 p.m. at New York Presbyterian Hospital, where he had been for six days. Family members were with him.
"He was chopping wood 10 days ago," Cahill-Jackson recalled.
With his lanky frame, use-worn banjo and full white beard, Seeger was an iconic figure in folk music who outlived his peers. He performed with the great minstrel Woody Guthrie in his younger days and wrote or co-wrote "If I Had a Hammer," ''Turn, Turn, Turn," ''Where Have All the Flowers Gone" and "Kisses Sweeter Than Wine." He lent his voice against Hitler and nuclear power. A cheerful warrior, he typically delivered his broadsides with an affable air and his fingers poised over the strings of his banjo.
In 2011, the canes kept Seeger from carrying his beloved instrument while he walked nearly 2 miles with hundreds of protesters swirling around him holding signs and guitars. With a simple gesture — extending his friendship — Seeger gave the protesters and even their opponents a moment of brotherhood the short-lived movement sorely needed.
When a policeman approached, Tao Rodriguez-Seeger said at the time he feared his grandfather would be hassled.
"He reached out and shook my hand and said, 'Thank you, thank you, this is beautiful,'" Rodriguez-Seeger said. "That really did it for me. The cops recognized what we were about. They wanted to help our march. They actually wanted to protect our march because they saw something beautiful. It's very hard to be anti-something beautiful."
That was a message Seeger spread his entire life.
With The Weavers, a quartet organized in 1948, Seeger helped set the stage for a national folk revival. The group — Seeger, Lee Hays, Ronnie Gilbert and Fred Hellerman — churned out hit recordings of "Goodnight Irene," ''Tzena, Tzena" and "On Top of Old Smokey."
Seeger also was credited with popularizing "We Shall Overcome," which he printed in his publication "People's Song" in 1948. He later said his only contribution to the anthem of the civil rights movement was changing the second word from "will" to "shall," which he said "opens up the mouth better."
"Every kid who ever sat around a campfire singing an old song is indebted in some way to Pete Seeger," Arlo Guthrie once said.
His musical career was always braided tightly with his political activism, in which he advocated for causes ranging from civil rights to the cleanup of his beloved Hudson River. Seeger said he left the Communist Party around 1950 and later renounced it. But the association dogged him for years.
He was kept off commercial television for more than a decade after tangling with the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1955. Repeatedly pressed by the committee to reveal whether he had sung for Communists, Seeger responded sharply: "I love my country very dearly, and I greatly resent this implication that some of the places that I have sung and some of the people that I have known, and some of my opinions, whether they are religious or philosophical, or I might be a vegetarian, make me any less of an American."
He was charged with contempt of Congress, but the sentence was overturned on appeal.
Seeger called the 1950s, years when he was denied broadcast exposure, the high point of his career. He was on the road touring college campuses, spreading the music he, Guthrie, Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter and others had created or preserved.
"The most important job I did was go from college to college to college to college, one after the other, usually small ones," he told The Associated Press in 2006. " ... And I showed the kids there's a lot of great music in this country they never played on the radio."
His scheduled return to commercial network television on the highly rated Smothers Brothers variety show in 1967 was hailed as a nail in the coffin of the blacklist. But CBS cut out his Vietnam protest song, "Waist Deep in the Big Muddy," and Seeger accused the network of censorship.
He finally got to sing it five months later in a stirring return appearance, although one station, in Detroit, cut the song's last stanza: "Now every time I read the papers/That old feelin' comes on/We're waist deep in the Big Muddy/And the big fool says to push on."
Seeger's output included dozens of albums and single records for adults and children.
He appeared in the movies "To Hear My Banjo Play" in 1946 and "Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon" in 1970. A reunion concert of the original Weavers in 1980 was filmed as a documentary titled "Wasn't That a Time."
By the 1990s, no longer a party member but still styling himself a communist with a small C, Seeger was heaped with national honors.
Official Washington sang along — the audience must sing was the rule at a Seeger concert — when it lionized him at the Kennedy Center in 1994. President Bill Clinton hailed him as "an inconvenient artist who dared to sing things as he saw them."
Seeger was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 as an early influence. Ten years later, Bruce Springsteen honored him with "We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions," a rollicking reinterpretation of songs sung by Seeger. While pleased with the album, Seeger said he wished it was "more serious." A 2009 concert at Madison Square Garden to mark Seeger's 90th birthday featured Springsteen, Dave Matthews, Eddie Vedder and Emmylou Harris among the performers.
Seeger was a 2014 Grammy Awards nominee in the Best Spoken Word category, which Stephen Colbert won.
Seeger's sometimes ambivalent relationship with rock was most famously on display when Dylan "went electric" at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival.
Witnesses say Seeger became furious backstage as the amped-up band played, though just how furious is debated. Seeger dismissed the legendary tale that he looked for an ax to cut Dylan's sound cable, and said his objection was not to the type of music but only that the guitar mix was so loud you couldn't hear Dylan's words.
Seeger maintained his reedy 6-foot-2 frame into old age, though he wore a hearing aid and conceded that his voice was pretty much shot. He relied on his audiences to make up for his diminished voice, feeding his listeners the lines and letting them sing out.
"I can't sing much," he said. "I used to sing high and low. Now I have a growl somewhere in between."
Nonetheless, in 1997 he won a Grammy for best traditional folk album, "Pete."
Seeger was born in New York City on May 3, 1919, into an artistic family whose roots traced to religious dissenters of colonial America. His mother, Constance, played violin and taught; his father, Charles, a musicologist, was a consultant to the Resettlement Administration, which gave artists work during the Depression. His uncle Alan Seeger, the poet, wrote "I Have a Rendezvous With Death."
Pete Seeger said he fell in love with folk music when he was 16, at a music festival in North Carolina in 1935. His half-brother, Mike Seeger, and half-sister, Peggy Seeger, also became noted performers.
He learned the five-string banjo, an instrument he rescued from obscurity and played the rest of his life in a long-necked version of his own design. On the skin of Seeger's banjo was the phrase, "This machine surrounds hate and forces it to surrender" — a nod to his old pal Guthrie, who emblazoned his guitar with "This machine kills fascists."
Dropping out of Harvard in 1938 after two years as a disillusioned sociology major, he hit the road, picking up folk tunes as he hitchhiked or hopped freights.
"The sociology professor said, 'Don't think that you can change the world. The only thing you can do is study it,'" Seeger said in October 2011.
In 1940, with Guthrie and others, he was part of the Almanac Singers and performed benefits for disaster relief and other causes.
He and Guthrie also toured migrant camps and union halls. He sang on overseas radio broadcasts for the Office of War Information early in World War II. In the Army, he spent 3½ years in Special Services, entertaining soldiers in the South Pacific, and made corporal.
He married Toshi Seeger on July 20, 1943. The couple built their cabin in Beacon after World War II and stayed on the high spot of land by the Hudson River for the rest of their lives together. The couple raised three children. Toshi Seeger died in July at age 91.
The Hudson River was a particular concern of Seeger's. He took the sloop Clearwater, built by volunteers in 1969, up and down the Hudson, singing to raise money to clean the water and fight polluters.
He also offered his voice in opposition to racism and the death penalty. He got himself jailed for five days for blocking traffic in Albany in 1988 in support of Tawana Brawley, a black teenager whose claim of having been raped by white men was later discredited. He continued to take part in peace protests during the war in Iraq, and he continued to lend his name to causes.
"Can't prove a damn thing, but I look upon myself as old grandpa," Seeger told the AP in 2008 when asked to reflect on his legacy. "There's not dozens of people now doing what I try to do, not hundreds, but literally thousands. ... The idea of using music to try to get the world together is now all over the place."
Associated Press writer John Rogers in Los Angeles and Mary Esch in Saratoga Springs in contributed to this report.


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Calls on Governments to Respect the Human Rights of Roma
Washington – United States Helsinki Commission Chairman Rep. Christopher H. Smith (R-NJ) observed the annual remembrance of the Porrajmos ("the Devouring" in Romani) and called on governments to ensure that the fundamental rights of Roma are respected.
During the night of August 2-3, 1944, the Romani camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau was liquidated. Nearly three thousand Romani men, women and children were killed in the gas chambers in a single night. Roma have come to remember their Holocaust experiences on these days.
"Each year, Roma from around the globe–from Lety, Sibiu and Nagykanisza, to New York, London and Berlin–remember their experiences during the Holocaust," said Smith. "I join them as they mourn their dead and seek to protect the living."
"I welcome the progress that has been made in recent years in improving respect for the basic human rights of Roma," continued Smith. "But the fact is, throughout the OSCE region, Roma face bigotry and discrimination of pandemic proportions.
"In the time that has passed since last year's remembrance event, Roma have been brutally attacked in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and murdered in Bulgaria. Ukraine has yet to undertake any credible investigation into the arson murder of a family of five Roma in October 2001. Roma and other minorities still struggle to survive in enclaves in Kosovo or as displaced communities unable to return home.
"Contrary to the hand-wringing pessimists who only talk about what can't be done to improve the situation of Roma, there are concrete and specific actions that public leaders can and should take today: adopt anti-discrimination legislation; implement desegregation of schools; investigate and punish racially motivated attacks; and open the door for Roma to participate in mainstream political parties.
"At a time when we remember the tragedy that befell so many innocent men, women and children, I hope the participating States of the OSCE will re-double their efforts to address the ongoing human rights violations of Roma."
The Romani camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau was liquidated on the night of August 2-3, 1944. Nearly three thousand Romani men, women and children were killed in the gas chambers in a single night. Over the years, August 2-3 have become days of remembrance of the Porrajmos. Porrajmos [pronounced paw-rye-MAWSS] is the Romani word for "devouring" and is used to describe the Romani experiences during the Holocaust.
Roma were among those targeted for annihilation by the Nazis; however, their suffering before and during World War II is not well known.
Discriminatory policies similar in many ways to those instituted against German Jews were implemented against the Roma under Nazi rule, taking progressively more virulent form:
race-based denial of citizenship;
forced sterilization;
incarceration in work or concentration camps;
deportation to and mass murder in the killing centers.
In addition to the murder of between 16,000 and 20,000 Roma at Auschwitz, Roma were killed elsewhere in German-occupied territory by SS and police units, and by regular Army units. Many Romani victims were shot at the edge of villages and dumped into mass graves. Approximately 25,000 Roma from Romania were deported to Transnistria in 1942; some 19,000 of them perished there.
It is difficult to estimate the size of the pre-war European Romani population and wartime losses, based on currently available documents. These subjects continue to be a focus of scholarly research and debate. Currently available records and analyses suggest that the fate of Roma could vary considerably, depending on their location. In Croatia, for example, it is believed that virtually all Roma were murdered. In neighboring Bosnia, however, where Muslim leaders intervened on behalf of their Romani co-religionists, Romani survival was much greater.
After World War II, the post-Nazi West German Government strongly resisted redressing past wrongs committed against Roma, seeking to limit its accountability. The first German trial decision to recognize that Roma as well as Jews were genocide victims during the Third Reich was not handed down until 1991.
Public awareness of the nature and extent of Romani losses continues to expand as new archival material becomes available and new generations of researchers examine the Holocaust experiences of Roma. The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum has collected and continues to seek additional photographs, artifacts, and documents relating to Romani experiences during the Holocaust.

subset: commoncrawl


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SuperSonics legend Gary Payton was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame Sunday in Springfield, MA. The only NBA player with 20,000 points, 8,000 assists, 5,000 rebounds and 2,000 steals, Payton was a Sonic from 1990 into 2003, then played for four teams until his retirement after the 2006-07 season.
"I played hard because I wanted to win every time," he said of his 17-year career, nearly 13 of them with the Sonics. "It was all for my crazy love for the game."
Payton thanked his family, friends, coaches and trainers, making special mention of former Sonics assistant Tim Grgurich and Nate McMillan, and only passing mention of George Karl, his Seattle coach from 1992 through 1998. He made special mention of the Ackerley family that owned the team from 1983-2000.
"They were the best owners ever," he said. "You loved me and I loved you back."
He thanked his Seattle teammates, including Shawn Kemp.
"For my Sonics teammates, I share this honor with you," he said. "Especially the Reign Man, Shawn Kemp. You all talk about Lob City over there with the Clippers? We were the original Lob City."
He said, smiling, that he was "the greatest trash-talker of all-time, Reggie (Miller, in the audience). But you know what? I can back it up."
"(My trash talking) was all for my crazy love of the game . . . I don't regret the way I went about it and I'm a strong man today as a result. But I can't help but think I could have given more to the game that gave so much to me.
"My career is complete. Gary Payton is evolving, but GP is in the Hall of Fame."
Payton finished his career with an average of 17 points, seven assists, four rebounds, and two steals over 17 NBA seasons.


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Monday, July 02, 2007
Les Miles Is Talking All Kinds of Smack
"I can tell you this, that they have a much easier road to travel," Miles said. "They're going to play real knockdown drag-outs with UCLA and Washington, Cal-Berkeley, Stanford — some real juggernauts — and they're going to end up, it would be my guess, in some position so if they win a game or two, that they'll end up in the title [game].
"I would like that path for us. I think the SEC provides much stiffer competition."
Miles was just getting started.
"I can tell you that I would like nothing better than to play USC for the title," he said.
Miles made the comments during an interview last week on New Orleans radio station WWL. The comments were reported by Carl DuBois of the Baton Rouge Advocate.
Miles didn't limit his smack to the Pac-10 and USC. He also took this shot at the Big 12:
"The Big 12 is a conference that might have two really pretty good teams, maybe four. I think the Pac-10 may have one or two really good ones. The ACC certainly, arguably, has some quality teams.
"I don't think there's any conference out there that has as many quality teams as ours."
Miles, who played and coached at Michigan and is voter in the USA Today poll, also said he voted Florida over Michigan last season after the Gators defeated Arkansas in the SEC title game, helping to put Florida in the title game over the Wolverines. He talked with several friends in Michigan afterward.
"Guys who were at my wedding, college roommates, said, 'What the heck are you doing?' You had to do what was right. I really feel like I'd stand by that vote every time."
Miles also said that if there were an eight-team playoff to decide the national champion, "There'd probably be at least four SEC teams in the top eight."
Miles, a native of Elyria, Ohio, was asked if it's a matter of upbringing to hold the position that "something must be done about USC," the most frequent Big Ten opponent in the Rose Bowl.
"Should something be done about SC?" Yeah. It might just have to be the system, first, though."
38 comments:
- jtlight said...
Miles can friggin cram it. He's still all pissy about losing McKnight. Play it on the field buddy.
Also, I'm not a USC fan, but an Oregon (and thus Pac-10) fan. The Pac-10 has been very consistent over the past few years, and they are a strong conference. A lot of their teams have been showing improvement. To even compare it to the ACC, Big 10, or Big 12 is an absolute joke.
Yeah, the SEC is the best conference, or at least that's how it seems now, but Pac-10 is second. Miles needs to not get his head out of his ass and stop worrying about USC and worry about his own damn team. - 7/2/07, 8:51 AM
Hey Miles:
Still upset about that whole McKnight thing huh? Um, it shows. - 7/2/07, 11:14 AM
Thank goodness the SEC is stacked 1-12 with great teams like Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Kentucky and Vanderbilt, otherwise Les would really sound stupid. And I totally sympathize with LSU going through that meat grinder of a non-conference schedule against the likes of Middle Tennessee, Tulane and LA Tech.
The SEC west divion champ was absolutely abused by SC the last two years and the team hung a donut on Auburn at Jordan-Hare. I don't think Pete Carroll has much to apologize for against the SEC. - 7/2/07, 11:45 AM
wow. wow. you guys are idiots. to the first guy, there is NO way, NO WAY, the pac-10 is the second-best conference. i am an lsu and ucla fan, but i know that the big-10, big-12, ACC, and you could even argue the big east are all better. the pac-10 has 1 elite team, and then every year they have had 1 or 2 good/decent teams. two years ago it was ucla, last year it was cal/oregon state. now look at every other conference.
big-10 has michigan and ohio state as elite teams, and you could even argue wisconsin. then you have penn state which is a good team.
acc has virginia tech (i'll admit it was a very down year for the acc last year), florida state which is good, BC who is always good, clemson is consistently good (and underachieves), and GA-tech has been good too.
the big 12 has texas and oklahoma as elite teams, then texas a&m, texas tech, nebraska, and missouri are decent teams.
the big east has two elite teams-louisville and west virginia, and rutgers is coming up, as is south florida.
and to the guy who said this:Thank goodness the SEC is stacked 1-12 with great teams like Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Kentucky and Vanderbilt" you are an idiot. first of all, the other 8 teams are all good bordering on elite teams. and you can't even include kentucky in that group anymore, they went 8-4 and beat clemson in their bowl game. but the other EIGHT ELITE TEAMS-alabama, arkansas, LSU, florida, georgia, tennessee, south carolina, and auburn. and every team in the sec is playing at least 4 of these teams every year. who cares about their non-conference schedule? its funny how USC fans brag about playing a merely decent nebraska team, a very overrated california team, and inconsistent ucla and oregon teams. OREGON GOT KILLED BY BYU! A MOUNTAIN WEST TEAM! and on the other side, LSU thinks they have an easy schedule because they get florida, auburn, arkansas, virginia tech, and south carolina at home. and speaking of that, think of how much tougher road games are in the SEC. you have LSU, florida, tennessee, auburn, alabama, georgia. all of these stadiums are ridiculously tough. the PAC-10 doesn't have a single stadium to compare with it. and everyone knows that LSU was the most talented team in the country, and they should've been the real west champs. they self-destructed against florida, and the refs screwed them at auburn. but i can't wait till LSU beats the crap out of you guys in this year's National Championship - 7/2/07, 12:43 PM
actually what is hilarious is a team talking mess that can't even keep its best recruits in state. But I guess LSU is LOADED at running back!
I don't ever hear anyone complaining about their schedule other than folks of the SEC. The SEC is the best conference in the land. There I said it. Now shut your trap and quit with the excuses come January. But you won't you will just whine like little babies about your schedule and how tough your conference is. Boo Hoo. Try and be like SC, play all comers, and let the chips fall where they may.
In 2008 when SC is playing Ohio State, LSU will still be playing juggernaut Troy State.
I guess that will give you guys more to complain about come January. The next time you see Pete Carroll crying about his schedule or his conference...oh wait, he doesn't do that.
Busters - 7/2/07, 1:39 PM
"LSU thinks they have an easy schedule because they get florida, auburn, arkansas, virginia tech, and south carolina at home."
USC would say so.... 2-0 at home and 3-0 on the road in the last 4 years against that line up.
"they should've been the real west champs. they self-destructed against florida, and the refs screwed them at auburn."
And if your aunt had a package she'd be your uncle.
Face it, given Pete Carroll's and USC's track record against the SEC and in BCS bowl games, I doubt LSU is cousing any sleepless nights in L.A.
PS - Have you seen USC's 2003 AP National Championship trophy? It's pretty sweet.... and Joe McKnight is looking good in workouts. - 7/2/07, 1:40 PM
- Joey said...
I think Les Miles still has a raging, mega-huge boner after beating Notre Dame in January. By the way, thats a feat that USC accomplishes every year along with Michigan. It must have done something for his confidence for him to call out the most dominant program over the past 5 years. I also believe that Miles is upset over the fact that Pete Carroll stole Joe McKnight and had sex with Mile's wife as well. This guy is high as shit, USC will destroy LSU with the ridiculously deep defense that we field this year.
- Unknown said...
"big-10 has michigan"
SC absolutely sodomized mich in the rose bowl. fUCLA and OSU beat SC.
the big 11 really isnt that good, dont let espn tell you any different. - 7/2/07, 5:02 PM
- Brettcajun said...
LSU's Les Miles is my hero. He said what EVERY LSU fan and most SEC fans already think. The only real football conference is the SEC.
You can sling words back and forth about recruiting and so on, but it boils down to this: look at the elite teams on the schedules. Both schools play a number of mediocre teams - who freaking cares? But look at how many truly powerful teams are on LSU's schedule vs USC's schedule. LSU plays Va Tech, Florida, and Auburn. I'm not seeing anyone on USC's schedule that, year in and year out, is that caliber a program. Maybe one out of Cal, UCLA or Oregon St. will be a top 10 team this year, but it's almost guaranteed that the other two will end up being mediocre. That's the problem - the PAC-10 is loaded with good but not great teams, but not elite teams. The SEC obviously has some medicore teams, but 5-6 elite level programs that invariably produce 3-4 elite teams in a given year.
The SEC is clearly superior
The Big East = B-List BCS
A "grandfathered" BCS Automatic bid legitimized by the liberal drive-by left wing sports media (ESPN). The big east bcs bid should go to Troy University. Check out their schedule, tougher than any B-List BCS Conference team. Hoover High School could win the Big East. - 7/3/07, 3:55 PM
I think this is really a straw-man argument, everyone knows the SEC is way better than everyone, at least for now. Even the worst teams in the SEC are better than the mediocre teams in the other "power" conferences, just put Vandy or Kentucky or Miss. State in the Pac-10 or and watch them as they get second place and rough up everyone but USC. That being said Les Miles is just crying because he knows he's winning on borrowed time from Nick Saban's recruits and the clock is aready ticking on him in Baton Rouge. Just to finish this off properly I will remind you that the Florida Gators said last year after the Championship Game that it was no big deal since they played all those SEC teams last year especially on the road, that The Ohio State University was about the fourth or fifth best team they played last year....and they won 41-14.
- Erik Tylczak said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Erik Tylczak said...
Christ on a pogo stick. I'd think that the only objective evidence of inter-conference strengths (you know, out-of-conference games) would maybe suggest to people that the likes of Vandy, Kentucky, and Miss State probably would not take #2 in the Pac-10, or anything higher than the MAC for that matter. For God's sakes. I guess that moonshine is strong down south.
to the ass who said that the big east is a b list bcs conference is full of shit. wvu went into atlanta and beat georgia in a sugar bowl home game who beat those same lsu tigers for the sec title weeks earlier. last year louisville dominated a wake forest team that was very underrated. i would have loved to see lsu go against louisville last year. anyway the big east may not be as strong as these other conferences but the elite teams in the big east are just as good as any in the country.
here's the thing- other school's having lame schedules sucks for SEC teams but if you're truly good, you play through it.
USC (those california fags) on the other hand, seems to be in title contention EVERY YEAR. remember 2003? LSU beat OU to win the nat'l title game fair and square. so thats it right?
Wrong. USC bitched, moaned, and complained into a share of the title.
And frankly, to hell with joe mcknight. we dont need him.
The bottom line is, USC doesn't play anybody worth a damn other than Cal UCLA and maybe Oregon. And the best of those teams is the equivalent of maybe an alabama or an auburn, who LSU plays every week.
Watch for LSU next year they could be amazing. - 7/3/07, 10:10 PM
- Erik Tylczak said...
When in doubt, question the sexuality of the opposition. As if that matters in any subject, let alone one where a slap on the ass is a common gesture between players...
Fucking dumbshit. - 7/3/07, 10:36 PM
LSU plays Alabama and Auburn every week? That's not what my schedule says.
The B-List BCS Confenece has one victory to claim. WVU upset UGA. Big woo. UGA plays big after big game each weekend. WVU plays the OVC, MAC and sunbelt level schedule. The Sugar Bowl was WVU Super Bowl. Instead of playing a Big Boy Schedule and exploiting that win, WVU continues to play down.
When the B-List plays Big Boys wach week then we can talk. I respect Troy more than WVU or UL.
That auto BCS Bowl bid should be taken away from that candy conference - 7/4/07, 5:41 AM
No one can argue that the SEC makes other conferences look like start up leagues. Period. Now with that said...USC has a great team. They go out and play who they play and they win...now if they played an SEC schedule would they have been so dominant the last few years? I doubt it...very seriously. They do good to survive against Oregon every year much less doing battle with LSU, Auburn, Tennesse, Georgia, Florida, Arkansas, or Alabama on the road week in and week out.
With that said now that I've blew my SEC horn let me say I am hoping to see the Alabama Crimson Tide with Coach Nick Saban serve a big 'ol fashioned upset whooping on LSU down in T-Town this Fall.
Let's be honest here. USC has reigned over the PAC-10 for years. No one has challenged yet. Every once in a while a rival pulls off an upset ('03 Cal, '06 UCLA), but no one every really dominates the league year after year like they do. Cal is currently the closest thing to consistancy in the league, and that is only a 4 year run. Oregon was lucky to get to a bowl 3 years ago. And the year that Arizona State looked good, they self destructed after blowing a 4th quarter lead against USC. I dare you to find one team in the PAC-10 that year after year you seriously think will beat USC rather than you just hope that they might.
On the other hand in the SEC, even teams like Kentucky (no seriously) can pull off upsets and win bowl games (sorry...true). Florida destroyed Ohio State while barely escaping from the likes of South Carolina and lost to Auburn. Had Florida not injured McFaddin in the first quarter, Arakansas might have done more damage or even won. (PS-McFaddin was injured (from a barfight I think) in the game against USC but was recovered in time for Auburn and the rest of the SEC until aforementioned Q1 of SEC Championship game.) - 7/4/07, 12:22 PM
- Erik Tylczak said...
If you're talking about the overall strength of an in-conference schedule, why is it relevant which teams are quality challengers? If it's Oregon, Oregon State, Cal and UCLA one year, and Washington, Washington State, Stanford and ASU the next year, is that inherently an easier schedule than if the challengers are Oregon, Oregon State, Cal and UCLA every year?
Of course not. The names attached to the football teams don't matter. The quality of football they play that season (nay, that Saturday) is what affects the strength of a schedule. Nothing more and nothing less.
I don't claim that the Pac-10 or the SEC necessarily like either of these models, but the "no other consistently dominant teams" argument is a complete non-sequitur. - 7/4/07, 9:43 PM
I'll say this, in most seasons throughout the past 30 years, you could make the argument that Kentucky is a bottom-tier SEC team.
However, things are changing, they are coming off a bowl win vs Clemson and returned every key player.
Andre Woodson might be the best quarterback in the SEC next year and has plenty of weapons to throw to. Jacob Tamme is one of the top tight ends in the NCAA as is Keenan Burton at wide-out and he has other guys with sub 4.40 40 times running with him.
Rich Brooks has got alot of flack for his first few years at Kentucky. What people don't realize is that he is the only coach in the SEC who has won the Rose Bowl and made Oregon into a PAC 10 champion in his tenure there.
The SEC east has 5 teams that will probably make bowls, 6 if Vandy steps up. The West has Auburn, Arkansas, LSU, and Bama who will all be loaded next season...And as an above poster said, even Ole Miss and Miss State have the capability to make an unexpected run.
The problem with the PAC, in my opinion, is that it's limited to 10 teams and by sheer numbers limits the amount of good teams in the conference. It also prevents a PAC 10 championship game which makes the PAC champion play 1 less game against a quality team that a team in the SEC, Big 12, or ACC would play. - 7/5/07, 7:41 AM
- Unknown said...
Joey said:
"I think Les Miles still has a raging, mega-huge boner after beating Notre Dame in January. By the way, thats a feat that USC accomplishes every year along with Michigan."
Ask any LSU student/player/coach/fan and they'll tell you it was lame that the Tigers had to play over-rated 11th ranked Notre Dame. The Irish should not have been in a BCS bowl. No one was surprised that LSU beat the crap out of Notre Dame and that JaMarcus made Brady Quinn look like a joke.
Beating Notre Dame every year is nothing to brag about. They're just an inflated media phenomenon, a trait they share with USC. - 7/5/07, 9:13 AM
It's not always the quality of the individual teams in the SEC that makes the schedule so tough ...
... it's the week-in, week-out, relentless grind of having to play back-to-back in very physical matchups in major rivalry games all year long.
That's what still makes the SEC the toughest conference in football.
For example, this is what October was like for Florida last year:
Alabama, LSU, Auburn, Georgia.
Show me another conference where you have to deal with a month like that. - 7/5/07, 9:19 AM
Alabama, LSU, Auburn, Georgia?
You mean they played a 6-7 team, LSU, Auburn, and a Georgia team that lost to Vanderbilt and Kentucky, while almost losing to a two-win Colorado? Wow, what an impressive stretch.
How about USC going straight against #21 Oregon, #17 Cal, #6 Notre Dame, and UCLA all in consecutive weeks? With such a brutal schedule, no wonder they lost focus and overlooked UCLA.
At least Florida got a break between Auburn and Georgia. And padded their schedule out with mediocre OOC games. - 7/5/07, 2:35 PM
Rishi said...
Alabama, LSU, Auburn, Georgia?
You mean they played a 6-7 team, LSU, Auburn, and a Georgia team that lost to Vanderbilt and Kentucky, while almost losing to a two-win Colorado? Wow, what an impressive stretch.
How about USC going straight against #21 Oregon, #17 Cal, #6 Notre Dame, and UCLA all in consecutive weeks? With such a brutal schedule, no wonder they lost focus and overlooked UCLA. "
you are an idiot. lets look at florida's month first. they played alabama, who granted wasn't super good, but was still talented. then they played an auburn team that FINISHED #9 (i would say what rank they finish at is a bigger deal than what they are at when they play USC). they played an LSU team that FINISHED #3, and they played a Georgia team that beat Va-Tech, crushed Auburn, played the National Champions to a 7 point loss, and FINISHED #23 in the final AP Poll.
now look at usc's month. they played an Oregon team that, oh, wait, didn't FINISH ranked in any poll, and didn't even receive any VOTES in the AP and USA Today Polls. next was California, who was pretty good and finished #14, but they also lost to Arizona, instead of almost losing which you seem to think is a big deal. then you brought up notre dame. that just showed how unbelievably stupid you are. YOU TRIED TO ARGUE THAT PLAYING NOTRE DAME AT HOME IS TOUGH! this is a notre dame team that finished #17 in AP and #19 in USA-Today polls. they beat ONE, count them, ONE team that FINISHED the season ranked. that was penn state, that finished #24 in AP and #25 in USA-Today polls. and lastly, a UCLA team that FINISHED 7-6, got killed by Florida State (another team that FINISHED 7-6),and didn't even FINISH the season ranked.
yeah you are definitely an idiot. you have to use the FINAL rankings to determine how good a team is, just look at Notre Dame, who i believe started the season ranked #2. maybe next time you should think before typing.
LSUianoka - 7/5/07, 5:39 PM
- Unknown said...
Hay you guys this will probably be my first and last comment, but anyway I have to defend my ACC. I'm a huge FSU fan, and I feel like the ACC will be back in full effect this year. I know we didn't do that great last year in the bowl games especially but for the SEC being the best conference the ACC seems to be the only conference (other than last year) who constantly gives them hell. Also I think with the addition of Miami and others they will be straight. And if Miami and Florida State get back on track than the rest of the country better hope they beat the crap out of each other, because no college over the last 18 years produced more valuable NFL talent than Miami and Florida State remember the 2001 Miami team produced such athletes as Ed Reed, Sean Taylor, Andrea Johnson, Jeremy Shockey, Clinton Portis, Johnathan Vilma, Willis Mcgahee, Frank Gore, Kellen Winslow Jr., and some other people I can't recall. But name another team who put out that kind of talent in one year............ No one. And Florida State is a defensive coaches dream year in and year out. Clemson has shown signs of catching up along with Maryland, and BC and VT if they can get a good quaterback. yes the SEC is the best conference, but once a upon a time Florida State alone had people saying the same about the ACC, and now the ACC has the best chance top to bottom to unseat the SEC, and watch out for N. Carolina and the Butch Davis recruiting machine. And USC almost always plays a super overrated team and looks like gods until the end season polls when your asking yourselves where did those teams go. Remember that 2005 team and how they were the best ever (ESPN propaganda) and then Vince Young and the Texas Longhorns beat them.
Excuse me Vince Young beat, Reggie Bush, Matt Lienhart, Dwayne Jarrett, Lendale White, Steve Smith, and there entire D. Yeah thats some squad they put together year in and year out - 7/6/07, 10:29 AM
face it...LSU has some kind of (ahem!) envy. Must be the Southern humidity. I AM a USC fan, and LSU wouldn't have stood a chance in '03, '04, '05 and '06 against the Trojans. (Ask Auburn, Arkansas, et al.) LSU will crack and fold this year anyway, so all this hype about USC-LSU will unfortunately not happen (although I would love to see a 45-10 beatdown of the Tigers at the hand of the Trojans....wouldn't it be ironic to see USC get their THRID national championship in FIVE years against a team that shouldn't even have ONE?!). I will make a blanket generality and propose that all LSU fans (or at least bloggers) are freakin' idiots. Take it to the bank.
- Unknown said...
Why is everyone saying that the SEC is stacked? Year in and year out, they have some strong teams (LSU, Auburn, Tennessee, Fla - but that's it) and some weak-ass teams (Vandy, Ole Miss, Miss St., etc.). And then they have teams that pogo-stick up-and-down every season (Georgia, South Carolina, Arkansas, Bama, etc.). Top to bottom, the SEC is just like every other conference - it's nothing special. The top 4 of the PAC-10 and the SEC would finish 2-2 every year if they had a post-season tourney (1 vs. 1, 2 vs. 2, etc.). Last year's match ups would be:
USC v. FLA (Pac-10 win)
Cal v. LSU (SEC win)
OreSt. v. ARK (Pac-10 win)
UCLA v. Auburn (SEC win)
So, get off your high horses you SEC rednecks and recognize that your conference is just like all of the others in two ways (1) it has some elites but lots of dogs and (2) your elites get beat by USC early and often. - 7/8/07, 10:38 AM
- Unknown said...
All I know is in two games SC put up a combined 120 points against Arkansas, while also taking their two best players outside of McFadden. Think about that 70 points in LA and 50 more in Arkansas. Neither game was ever close. Auburn is still waitng to score and Va Tech (I know and ACC school) hasn't been clamoring for a rematch. SC plays EVERYONE. Their out of conference schedule has been tops for the last 4 years. You conference is like family being that you cna't pick em. Those that they can pick they beat, usually decisively. The SEC is a great conference probably the best in the nation but not a team in it could beat any SC team from 2002 on, on a neutral field. If you know of one show me. Fly down to LA, look me up, and show my ass.
obviously, the SEC is the hardest conference to play in, but that doesn't mean that any of those "elite" programs can beat USC. the Pac-10 is actually very underrated and playing in that conference is harder than you think. regardless, les miles should shut up and leave the talk on the field. pete carroll never complains, and i dont think he cares what les miles says. USC is hands down the best program in the country, and when USC spanks LSU this year, everyone will know it.
I love this line from another online article regarding Miles' dumb, drunken comments: "Anyway, the tough talk didn't end with USC or the Pac-10. The remainder of the rant was more or less "ur conference is teh suck, we r hawt, tackle football, boom. w00t."
HA HA...Miles sounds like a 12-year old internet kid. WE R TEH AWESOME! Give me a break. USC has consistently dominated OOC opponents ranked in the top 20. I'd say winning FOUR of the last five BCS bowl games has proven that. LSU played ND in their BCS appearance last season...please.
Joe McKnight looks like he's going to be very good. LSU fans should really be worried about losing talent to the Trojans from their own backyard...not what the Trojans are doing on the field. Booty has been a solid QB for the Trojans too. Like Stewart Mandel said, Miles is just setting up for the big letdown. He's already making excuses. OMG, IT'S SO UNFAIR WE PLAY IN TEH AWESOME SEC SO IF WE LOSE, IT'S NOT OUR FAULT.
First the liar that went to Alabama, now LESS Miles. LSU is tearing up a coaching trail. - 7/10/07, 5:47 PM
Oh, BTW, I found it interesting that over the last 20 years, only TWO TIMES has a team made it through the Pac-10 schedule undefeated. Over that same period, FOUR SEC teams have went through the SEC schedule undefeated.
A sensible SEC site - 7/10/07, 5:53 PM
- Unknown said...
From ESPN.com:
From John in Dallas: Les Miles' comments in regards to USC and schedules prompted me to do a little research:
USC's record over the last five years is 59-6 including an out of conference (OOC) record against BCS teams (including Notre Dame) of 16-2. LSU has gone 52-13 (7-3 OOC BCS), Auburn 50-14 (6-5 OOC BCS including two losses to USC) and Florida 45-18 (5-7 OOC BCS). How can we fairly compare the strength of a conference when they rarely play anyone from outside their conference affiliations and when they do, they post mediocre results at best. I guess I have been brainwashed to believe the SEC is a far superior conference and maybe from top-to-bottom it is, but how do we know for sure when it seems that all they are doing is padding their records with patsies OOC and playing competitive games in conference. Another interesting fact concerning USC and its scheduling: In the past five years, USC's winning percentage in conference is virtually the same as it is against OOC BCS teams (37-4 vs. 16-2). Would USC's record be as good if it was in the SEC, we can never know for sure, but my guess here is yes because it would be forced to dumb down their OOC schedules like the rest of the conference (no more home and homes with Nebraska, Ohio State and Notre Dame) and focus on the big conference games instead. Pete Carroll's record in big games at USC is pretty strong.
SEC is good. Pac-10 is good. Go Bears! - 7/19/07, 1:49 PM
SEC and LSU would wipe the floor with any team in the Nation, Les knows that and that's why he can talk smack this year, so eat it!
Imagine the record and number of National championships LSU would have if they played 8 High school calibur teams and 1 college calibur team (COUGH LIKE USC) then just had to show up for the National championship game?
USC, just like Notre Dame gets alot of the rep and rank based on what they did in the past...
Not what they do now or how they do it. If the folks looked sincerely at the quality of opponents, USC would be lucky to even be RANKED most years.
California is the lamest thing to occur to the US so pretty much anything that comes out of that place is fabricated or made of silicone so let them have their time and their attitude that they are actually good. Only asshats in California truly believe that wash.
The Bright side is, one day the crack will open and they will all wash away and we don't have to hear how uber USC is when in truth they have been overrated about 80% of their college football career.
SEC is the best conference period.
Notre Dame and Michigan both can tout the best All time winning percentage and most college football wins of all time.
USC has their 8 national titles... 5 easily of which could have gone elsewhere had the teams they played for them (or when they just got voted into them) played high school teams also. - 11/18/07, 2:20 AM
And now after the 2007-2008 Seasson is done. Its been shown on the field as so many posters requested. Miles worried about his own team and it payed off. And Pete? Well. Peter obviously worried about himslef in that vain, LA way.


text:
The overall tablet market is suffering despite Apple's strong numbers when it comes to iPad sales. Released Thursday, IDC's quarterly report on the tablet market shows a steep decline in worldwide tablet shipments during the first quarter of 2012—a 38.4 percent unit decline to 17.4 million units from the previous quarter's 28.2 million units. This was actually lower than IDC's already pessimistic projection of a 34 percent decline. But when it comes to Apple, things are dandy. The company grew its market share from 54.7 percent in Q4 2011 to 68 percent in the most recent quarter.
The first quarter of the calendar year usually results in a decline in unit sales from the previous quarter due to the holiday season rush to buy gadgets. Apple wasn't completely immune to this market force—IDC says the company shipped 11.8 million iPads during the first quarter of the year, down from 15.4 million units over the holiday season. Despite this drop, Apple's share of the tablet market was able to shoot up more than 14 percentage points between quarters, largely because of the precipitous decline in tablet sales from the likes of Amazon. According to IDC, Amazon's share of the tablet market with the Kindle Fire was 16.8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2011, but fell to just 4 percent in the first quarter of 2012.
These numbers place Apple in first place, Samsung in second, and Amazon in third. Lenovo came in fourth place, while Barnes & Noble's Nook came in fifth.
"Apple's move to position the iPad as an all-purpose tablet, instead of just a content consumption device, is resonating with consumers as well as educational and commercial buyers. And its decision to keep a lower-priced iPad 2 in the market after it launched the new iPad in March seems to be paying off as well," IDC's Research Director of Mobile Connected Devices Tom Mainelli said in a statement. "It seems some of the mainstream Android vendors are finally beginning to grasp a fact that Amazon, B&N, and Pandigital figured out early on. Namely, to compete in the media tablet market with Apple, they must offer their products at notably lower price points."
Indeed, the Android tablet market has struggled for some time to find its place, only to be dominated by the $199 Kindle Fire upon its initial launch last year. But even those don't appear to be selling that well at the moment, according to IDC's own numbers. IDC seems optimistic, however, that there will be some bounce-back from both existing and new players. "The worldwide tablet market is entering a new phase in the second half of 2012 that will undoubtedly reshape the competitive landscape," IDC Vice President of Clients and Displays Bob O'Donnell said.
Read the comments on this post


text:
In this course you will learn how to use key finance principles to understand and measure business success and to identify and promote true value creation. You will learn how to use accounting information to form key financial ratios to measure a company's financial health and to manage a company's short-term and long-term liquidity needs. You will also learn how to use valuation techniques to make sound business investment and acquisition decisions. Finally, you will learn how to incorporate risk and uncertainty into investment decisions and how to evaluate the performance of existing investments.
Upon successful completion of this course you will be able to:
• Understand how companies make investment decisions that create value for shareholders
• Use accounting statements to measure the financial health of a company
• Forecast and manage a company's short- and long-term liquidity needs
• Measure the contribution of a new project or acquisition to shareholder value
• Incorporate risk into investment decisions using the appropriate discount rates
• Evaluate the performance of a company or divisions of a company
This course was previously entitled Financial Evaluation and Strategy: Corporate Finance. The course received an average rating of 4.7 out of 5 based on 177 reviews over the period of September 2015 through August 2016. A detailed breakdown of ratings and reviews received for the prior version of the course, which is identical in content to the current course, is provided in the course orientation page.
This course is part of the iMBA offered by the University of Illinois, a flexible, fully-accredited online MBA at an incredibly competitive price. For more information, please see the Resource page in this course and onlinemba.illinois.edu.


text:
Notice: This Wiki is now read only and edits are no longer possible. Please see: https://gitlab.eclipse.org/eclipsefdn/helpdesk/-/wikis/Wiki-shutdown-plan for the plan.
WTP Development Status Meeting
Note: feel free to correct any errors/omissions in above attendance record.
Announcements And Special Reports
- Eclipse DemoCamp RTP - 11/12
- Minutes:
- David: Changing our test to use java6? If no objections, making the change next week
- Gary: end of life has expired 1.4 in end of october, when are we going to support?
- David: not sure if we claim support for it now
WTP Calendar
- 10/03 M build
- 10/17 M build
- 10/24 RC1 (PMC review starts after RC1, initially one vote)
- 10/31 RC2 (after RC2, two PMC votes)
- 11/7 RC3 (after RC3, three PMC votes)
- 11/14 3.0.3 Release
- Final testing week, 303 to be declared Friday 11/14
- PMC Approval list request
Build & Smoketest
- Build
- Latest available 303 build - R-3.0.3-20081113071417
- Junit
- 6 Junit failure on the latest available build - R-3.0.3-20081113071417
- Test Plans
- Current Test Plan & Results
- Test results posted by 3pm EST Friday
Bug Lists for 3.0.3
- Blockers & Criticals (~5)
- All 3.0.3 Hotbugs (~0)
- In tabular form:
- Current 3.0.3 & 2.0.3 targeted bugs (~1)
Fixed Bugs
- Web Tools
- Number Fixed for 3.0.3 (~164)
- Java Server Faces
- Dali JPA Tools
- Miinutes
- 255253 last bug requested for PMC, approved and will be released.
- Helen will send out a note to mailinglist listing the 3 new fixes that were included in today's respin
3.1 M3 declared. Thank you & Congrats! : )
Two issues came up when discussing the planning process
- How to handle "future" milestone target? Turns out we have discussed and documented this before, see WTP_Bugs, Workflow and Conventions#The meaning of "Future" milestone target.
- How can we better incorporate bugs-to-fix in 3.1 planning? Subsequent to meeting, I suggested that leads/committers should set the 3.1 milestone target for bugs that ideally should be fixed in 3.1, to help "prime the pot". For example, nearly all voted on bugs and "major" bugs should be so marked. I've added more bugzilla queries to WTP 3.1 Project Plan to assist.
- New format First draft 9/20, Final copy 10/30
- Please finish filling in the New and Noteworthy for M3 by Wednesday the 5th
- org.eclipse.wst.xml.ui will be moving to 1.1.0 when M4 begins, prepare accordingly
Adjusted schedule, based on Platform's proposed schedule.
Normally, our milestone are one week after the Platform's delivery. Exceptions noted below.
- 3.0.1 Early Maintenance Release Aug 15
- M1 -> Aug 22 (extra week added so not to overlap maintenance release)
- 3.0.2 Coordinated Maintenance Release Sep 24
- M2 -> Sept 26 (extra week added so not to overlap maintenance release) (updated)
- M3 -> Nov 7 (short milestone, since "making up" for added week above)
- 3.0.3 Early Maintenance Release Nov 14
- M4 -> Dec 19
- M5 -> Feb 6
- 3.0.4 Coordinated Maintenance Release Feb 25
- (EclipseCon March 23-27)
- M6 -> Mar 20 Feature Complete, API Freeze, UI Freeze, NLS, Accessibility
- M7 -> May 8 Performance tuning, documentation, bug fixing
- RC1 -> May 22 Serious bugs only, focus on stability.
- RC2 -> May 29 WTP will likely not participate in an RC2, based on feedback from last year that RC2 came too soon, needed more fixing, less testing
- RC3 -> Jun 5 Very serious bugs only.
- RC4 -> Jun 12 Very very serious bugs only.
- RC5 -> Jun 19 Hopefully no changes from RC4. Prepare web pages, update sites, etc.
- GA -> Jun 24
Build & Smoketest
- Planning week for M4, no build to smoketest
- Build
- Junit
- Smoketest
Bug List for 3.1
- Common project bug triage
- 3.1 & 2.1 enhancements (~115)
- 3.1 & 2.1 targeted bugs (~358)
- In tabular form:
- Current 3.1 & 2.1 targeted bugs (~358)
- 3.1 & 2.1 hotbugs (~0)
- Blockers & Criticals (~5)
- Minutes:
- Planning
- Raghu: cosmetic changes to update the milestone, will ensure all project plan have dates to the main plan and dates, will do this for all of the milestones
- David: tag P: name, some projects are all showing JEE, need to be updated,
- Raghu: thought it was already updated, will check and update again. Also Projecd id and project anme, will fix links as well
Other business
- Minutes:
- Kaloyan: time for another WTP UI walkthrough, if project leads can think about this
- BobF: send me a note if you want to schedule one, and we can put it in the calendear and setup web conference
- concerns from Max
- Max: 241335 for example, concerned that change how things can be done through the UI
- Chuck: agree that this part of the code that we should focus on in 3.1, but not something that we can address in the 30x maintence release
- Max: Also, 258638, 241466
- Chuck: This is a bigger issue, will look into fixing these additioa, but no major changes in the maintenance release
- Kaloyan: can be worked around in the server adapter that adopters are being implemented
- Max: any suggestions on a workaround?
- Kaloyan: not use the generic one that we supplied, but to implement your own
- Konstantin also give some suggestions on workarounds
- Can use newsgroup to post these questions and concerns, and they will be promptly answered
- WTP Build status page
- Helen will send link to mailing list. Temporary php file created, will look into xml more automated ways in the long run as well
- Three New Incubator proposals
- Minutes:
- Visual Editor => going under initial review, and approval to check code into CVS
- XML Security => going through IP review
- XQuery => final paper work, done IP review
Build subscription information
- Build notification list added: Angel, Nitin, Neil, Raghu
- Kaloyan: WTP performance call on Mondays moved to today as a section on WTP Performance
- Last meeting defined open action items, listed under WTP performance wiki page
- Anyone has any comments on those to note there
- Gary: Questions on instruction, running for a development environment?
- Kaloyan: Yes for now dev only
Teams Status and Focus for Coming Week
Performance Team
The minutes of the meetings are posted. Next meeting is next Monday same time. See details on the wiki page: WTP Performance Tests
Source Editing
- Ongoing triaging of incoming bug reports
- Planning M4 and 3.0.4
Server Tools
Web Services/WSDL
- Ongoing triage of incoming and existing bugs.
- Fixing and verifying bugs.
Java EE
Dali JPT
- Working on:
- EclipseLink support
- Bugs for M7
- Performance
- Working on:
- Feature exceptions
- Bug Fixes
- triage/planning
- In general, the minimum requirement is that if you branch a plug-in, you need to branch all the plug-ins in the corresponding map file. This is to make it easier for others to know what to load, to "be current" in a maintenance branch. It is fine to branch everything in a sub-project if you choose to, but still need to correspond to what's in a map file, and the map file should be updated to explain what it's used for. Map files can be re-organized some, if that helps make it easier to organize and understand what teams are working on what.
- The names for branches should follow the pattern of 'R3_0_maintenance'. This will be the name for all 3.0.x maintenance work (not just the first, 3.0.1 maintenance work). Note that JSF and JPA code may use R2_0_maintenance, but their map files, will still be branched using R3_0_maintenance.
- Instructions for tagging existing and new WTP wiki pages can be found at WTP's Category page; remember, we can create subcategories as well
- This Week's Smoke Test Results
- Build Declaration Process Refined - See WTP Build Process and Procedures
- Reminder:
- Information about process for milestone bugzilla line item planning has been added to the WTP Bugs, Workflow, and Conventions document.
- PMC Candidate Review Request Checklist - See the updated PMC Review document with attention to the "How To Prepare a PMC Defect Candidate" section
- Adopter Migration Information for WTP 2.0 - Please add any details for your component.
- Website
- Documentation on Setting up your system for Web Tools Web site development and Using Web Tools Phoenix PHP templates is on the wiki at Web Tools Web Site Development.
- Bug Day
- Monitor and participate in Bug Day if you would like.
- Mark any applicable bugs with keyword "bugday", but only if you'll have a representative on hand to respond through Bugzilla or in IRC
- Current WTP Bug Day bugs (~53)
- Project Meta data, for Project leads, especially, see "information about ..." from your subproject web page left nav bar.
- Go to Foundation Portal
- Login with committer ID
- Click on "[maintain] Project Info meta-data"
- Changes coming to IP Log management (more automated, but more for Project Leads to do?): See Development Resources/Automatic IP Log


text:
Jerry Mushin, Victoria University of Wellington
One of the consequences of the economic crisis of 1929–33 was that a large number of countries abandoned the gold standard. This meant that their governments no longer guaranteed, in gold terms, their currencies' values. The United Kingdom (and the Irish Free State, whose currency had a rigidly fixed exchange rate with the British pound) left the gold standard in 1931. To reduce the fluctuation of exchange rates, many of the countries that left the gold standard decided to stabilize their currencies with respect to the value of the British pound (which is also known as sterling). These countries became known, initially unofficially, as the Sterling Area (and also as the Sterling Bloc). Sterling Area countries tended (as they had before the end of the gold standard) to hold their reserves in the form of sterling balances in London.
The countries that formed the Sterling Area generally had at least one of two characteristics. The UK had strong historical links with these countries and/or was a major market for their exports. Membership of the Sterling Area was not constant. By 1933, it comprised most of the British Empire, and Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Iran, Iraq, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Portugal, Siam (Thailand), Sweden, and other countries. Despite being parts of the British Empire, Canada, Hong Kong, and Newfoundland did not join the Sterling Area. However, Hong Kong joined the Sterling Area after the Second World War. Other countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Greece, Japan, and Yugoslavia, stabilized their exchange rates with respect to the British pound for several years and (especially Argentina and Japan) often held significant reserves in sterling but, partly because they enforced exchange control, were not regarded as part of the Sterling Area.
Following the 1931 crisis, the UK introduced restrictions on overseas lending. This provided an additional incentive for Sterling Area membership. Countries that pegged their currencies to the British pound, and held their official external reserves largely in sterling assets, had preferential access to the British capital market. The British pound was perceived to have a relatively stable value and to be widely acceptable.
Membership of the Sterling Area also involved an effective pooling of non-sterling (especially U.S.dollar) reserves, which were frequently a scarce resource. This was of mutual benefit; the surpluses of some countries financed the deficits of others. The UK could perhaps be regarded as the banker for the other members of the Sterling Area.
Following the gold standard crisis in the early 1930s, the Sterling Area was one of three major currency groups. The gold bloc, comprising Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Switzerland, and Poland (and the colonial territories of four of these), consisted of those countries that, in 1933, expressed a formal determination to continue to operate the gold standard. However, this bloc began to collapse from 1935. The third group of countries was known as the exchange-control countries. The members of this bloc, comprising Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Turkey, and Yugoslavia, regulated the currency market and imposed tariffs and import restrictions. Germany was the dominant member of this bloc.
In September 1939, at the start of the Second World War, the British government introduced exchange controls. However, there were no restrictions on payments between Sterling Area countries. The value of the pound was fixed at US$4.03, which was a devaluation of about 14%. Partly as a result of these measures, most of the Sterling Area countries without a British connection withdrew. Egypt, Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Iraq remained members, and the Free French (non-Vichy) territories became members, of the Sterling Area.
There were three main changes in the Sterling Area after the Second World War. First, its membership was precisely defined, as the Scheduled Territories, in the Exchange Control Act, 1947. It was previously unclear whether certain countries were members. Second, the Sterling Area became more discriminatory. Members tended not to restrict trade with other Sterling Area countries while applying restrictions to trade with other countries. The intention was to economize on the use of United States dollars, and other non-sterling currencies, which were in short supply. Third, war finances had increased many countries' sterling balances in London without increasing the reserves held by the British government. This exposed the reserves to heavier pressures than they had had to withstand before the war.
In 1947, the Sterling Area was defined as all members of the Commonwealth except Canada and Newfoundland, all British territories, Burma, Iceland, Iraq, Irish Republic, Jordan, Kuwait and the other Persian Gulf sheikhdoms, and Libya. In the rest of the world, which was categorized as the Prescribed Territories, controls prevented the conversion of British pounds to U.S. dollars (and to currencies that were pegged to the U.S. dollar). Formal convertibility of British pounds into U.S. dollars, which was introduced in 1958, applied only to non-residents of the Sterling Area (Schenk, 2010).
Following the 1949 devaluation of the British pound, by 30.5% from US$4.03 to US$2.80, much of the rest of the world, and almost all of the Sterling Area, devalued too. This indicates the major international trading role of the British economy. A notable exception, which did not devalue immediately, was Pakistan. Most currencies' sterling parities did not change, so this destroyed the intended effect of the British devaluation.
The world economy had changed by the time of the next sterling crisis. The immediate international impact of the 1967 devaluation of the British pound, by 14.3% from US$2.80 to US$2.40, reflects the diminished significance of the Sterling Area. In marked contrast to the response to the 1949 devaluation, only fourteen members of the International Monetary Fund devalued their currencies following the British devaluation of 1967. A significant proportion of Sterling Area countries, including Australia, India, Pakistan, and South Africa, did not devalue. Many of the other Sterling Area countries, including Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Hong Kong, Iceland, Fiji, and New Zealand, devalued by different percentages, which changed their currencies' sterling parities. Outside the Sterling Area, a small number of countries devalued; most of these devalued by percentages that were different to the British devaluation. The effect was that a large number of sterling parities were changed by the 1967 devaluation.
The Sterling Area showed obvious signs of decline even before the 1967 devaluation. For example, Nigeria ended its sterling parity in 1962 and Ghana ended its sterling parity in 1965. In 1964, sterling was 83% of the official reserves of overseas Sterling Area countries, but this share had decreased to 75% in 1966 and to 65% in 1967 (Schenk, 2010). The role of the UK in the Sterling Area was frequently seen, especially by France, as an obstacle in the British application to join the European Economic Community.
The reserves of the overseas members of the Sterling Area suffered a capital loss following the 1967 devaluation. This encouraged diversification of reserves into other types of assets. The British government responded by negotiating the Basel Agreements with other governments in the Sterling Area (Yeager, 1976). Each country in the Sterling Area undertook to limit its holdings of non-sterling assets and, in return, the U.S.dollar value of its sterling assets was guaranteed. These agreements restrained, but did not halt, the downward trend of holdings of sterling reserves. The Basel Agreements were partly underwritten by other central banks, which were concerned for international monetary stability, and were arranged with the assistance of the Bank for International Settlements.
In 1972, the UK ended the fixed exchange rate, in U.S. dollars, of the pound. In 1971 or in 1972, most other Sterling Area countries ended their fixed exchange rates with respect to the British pound. Some of these countries, including Australia, Hong Kong, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia, pegged their currencies to the U.S. dollar. The minority of Sterling Area members that retained their sterling parities included Bangladesh, Gambia, Irish Republic, Seychelles, and the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union. Other countries in the Sterling Area introduced floating exchange rates.
Also in 1972, the UK extended to Sterling Area countries the exchange controls on capital transactions that had previously applied only to other countries. This decision, combined with the changes in sterling parities, meant that the Sterling Area effectively ceased to exist in 1972.
In 1979, when it joined the European Monetary System, the Irish Republic ended its fixed exchange rate with respect to the British pound. Membership of the EMS, which the UK did not join until 1990, required the ending of the link between the British pound and the Irish Republic pound. Also in 1979, the UK abolished all of its remaining exchange controls.
The Sterling Area was a zone of relative stability of exchange rates but not a monetary union. It did not have a single central bank. Distinct national currencies circulated within its boundaries, and their exchange rates, although fixed with respect to the British pound, were occasionally changed. For example, although the New Zealand pound was devalued in 1949 by the same percentage as the British pound, it was revalued in 1948 and devalued in 1967, both relative to the British pound. The other important feature of the Sterling Area is that capital movements between its members were generally unregulated.
The decline of the Sterling Area was related to the decline of the British pound as a reserve currency. In 1950, more than 55% of the world's reserves were in sterling (Schenk, 2010). In 2011, the proportion was about 2% (International Monetary Fund).
In addition to the UK, the vestige of the Sterling Area now consists only of Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, and St. Helena, and is of purely local significance. No other countries now fix their exchange rates in terms of the British pound. Since 1985, no members of the International Monetary Fund have specified fixed exchange rates in British pounds. In one generation, the British pound has evolved from a pivotal role in the world economy to its present minor role.
References and other important sources:
Aldcroft, Derek and Michael Oliver. ExchangeRate Régimes in the Twentieth Century. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 1998.
Conan, Arthur. The Problem of Sterling. Macmillan Press, London, 1966.
Day, Alan. Outline of Monetary Economics. Oxford University Press, 1966.
McMahon, Christopher. Sterling in the Sixties. Oxford University Press, 1964.
Sayers, Richard. Modern Banking [7th ed]. Oxford University Press, 1967.
Scammell, W.M. The International Economy since 1945 [2nd ed]. Macmillan Press, London, 1983.
Schenk, Catherine. The Decline of Sterling: Managing the Retreat of an International Currency, 1945–92. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Tew, Brian. The Evolution of the International Monetary System, 1945–88. Hutchinson and Co, London, 1988.
Wells, Sidney. International Economics. George Allen and Unwin Ltd, London, 1971.
Yeager, Leland. International Monetary Relations: Theory, History, and Policy [2nd ed]. Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1976.
Jerry Mushin can be reached at email@example.com.
Citation: Mushin, Jerry. "The Sterling Area". EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. Revised September 14, 2017. URL https://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-sterling-area/


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Q: What is the return policy?
A: We at Boxese want our customers to enjoy an unforgettable shopping experience, therefore, our team is responsible for selecting the best products to guarantee a quality purchase.
As part of the experience, we know that on some occasions we will not be able to fulfill all your expectations, And this when our perfect fit guarantee comes to place, so we offer you service returns and refunds that will allow you to continue to enjoy shopping with us. However, we encourage you to study the images carefully and select your size knowing that our basis for sizing is the American body size and our returns location for the moment is 71-75, Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, WC2H 9JQ, UNITED KINGDOM
Please note that direct unilateral product exchange is not possible due to limitations in the ordering platform, and we are not entitled to send out products on our own initiative.
Replacement is possible in case of an undelivered product due to shipment cancellation, after a direct personal consultation with an agent.
Our customers have the right to return the product within 30 days. This term will expire on the 30th day of the day from the receipt of the shipment by the customer.
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You can return a defective product or order:
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In this case, the customer has the right to receive a new product depending of the product availability. In case the product is not available, the customer will be refunded for the total amount.
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TRENTON, N.J. (AP) — Men who are bashful about needing help in the bedroom no longer have to go to the drugstore to buy that little blue pill.
In a first for the drug industry, Pfizer Inc. told The Associated Press that the drugmaker will begin selling its popular erectile dysfunction pill Viagra directly to patients on its website.
Men still will need a prescription to buy the blue, diamond-shaped pill on viagra.com, but they no longer have to face a pharmacist to get it filled. And for those who are bothered by Viagra's steep $25-a-pill price, Pfizer is offering three free pills with the first order and 30 percent off the second one.
Pfizer's bold move blows up the drug industry's distribution model. Drugmakers don't sell medicines directly to patients. Instead, they sell in bulk to wholesalers, who then distribute the drugs to pharmacies, hospitals and doctors' offices.
But the world's second-largest drugmaker is trying a new strategy to tackle a problem that plagues the industry. Unscrupulous online pharmacies increasingly offer patients counterfeit versions of Viagra and other brand-name drugs for up to 95 percent off with no prescription needed. Patients don't realize the drugs are fake or that legitimate pharmacies require a prescription.
Other major drugmakers likely will watch Pfizer's move closely. If it works, drugmakers could begin selling other medicines that are rampantly counterfeited and sold online, particularly treatments for non-urgent conditions seen as embarrassing. Think: diet drugs, medicines for baldness and birth control pills.
"If it works, everybody will hop on the train," says Les Funtleyder, a health care strategist at private equity fund Poliwogg who believes Pfizer's site will attract "fence-sitters" who are nervous about buying online.
The online Viagra sales are Pfizer's latest effort to combat a problem that has grown with the popularity of the Internet.
In recent years, Americans have become more comfortable with online shopping, with many even buying prescription drugs online. That's particularly true for those who don't have insurance, are bargain hunters or want to keep their medicine purchases private.
Few realize that the vast majority of online pharmacies don't follow the rules.
The Internet is filled with illegitimate websites that lure customers with spam emails and professional-looking websites that run 24-hour call centers. A January study by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, which accredits online pharmacies, found that only 257 of 10,275 online pharmacy sites it examined appeared legitimate.
Experts say the fake drugs such websites sell can be dangerous. That's because they don't include the right amount of the active ingredient, if any, or contain toxic substances such as heavy metals, lead paint and printer ink. They're generally made in filthy warehouses and garages in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
Online buyers are "playing Russian roulette," says Matthew Bassiur, vice president of global security at New York-based Pfizer.
"The factories are deplorable. I've seen photographs of these places," he says. "You wouldn't even want to walk in them, let alone ingest anything made in them."
Pfizer, which invented the term "erectile dysfunction," has long been aggressive in fighting counterfeiters. It conducts undercover investigations and works with authorities around the globe, with good reason.
Counterfeit versions of Viagra and dozens of other Pfizer medicines rob the company of billions in annual sales.
Viagra is one of its top drugs, with $2 billion in worldwide revenue last year. And it's the most counterfeited drug in the U.S., according to the company.
A 2011 study, in which Pfizer bought "Viagra" from 22 popular Internet pharmacies and tested the pills, found 77 percent were counterfeit. Most had half or less of the promised level of the active ingredient.
Viagra is appealing to counterfeiters because it carries a double whammy: It's expensive and it treats a condition with an "embarrassment" factor.
Crooks running the illegal online pharmacies brazenly explain their ultra-low Viagra prices — often $1 to $3 a pill — by claiming they sell generic Viagra.
Generics are copycat versions of brand-name prescription drugs. They can legally be made after a drugmaker's patent, or exclusive right to sell a drug, ends. Generic drugmakers don't have to spend $1 billion or so on testing to get a new drug approved, so their copycat versions often cost up to 90 percent less than the original drug.
But there is no such thing as generic Viagra. Pfizer has patents giving it the exclusive right to sell Viagra until 2020 in the U.S. and for many years in other countries.
Many patients are unaware of that.
Dr. David Dershewitz, an assistant urology professor at New Jersey Medical School who treats patients at Newark's University Hospital, says erectile dysfunction is common in men with enlarged prostates, diabetes and other conditions, but most men are too embarrassed to discuss it.
He says well over half of his patients who do broach the issue complain about Viagra's price. Some tell Dershewitz that they go online looking for bargains because they can't afford Viagra.
"The few that do admit to it have said that the results have been fairly dismal," but none has suffered serious harm, he says.
For Pfizer, that's a big problem. People who buy fake drugs online that don't work, or worse, harm them, may blame the company's product. That's because it's virtually impossible to distinguish fakes from real Viagra.
"The vast majority of patients do believe that they're getting Viagra," said Vic Cavelli, head of marketing for primary care medicines at Pfizer, which plans to have drugstore chain CVS Caremark Corp. fill the orders placed on viagra.com.
The sales lost to counterfeits threaten Pfizer at a time when Viagra's share of the $5 billion-a-year global market for legitimate erectile dysfunction drugs has slipped, falling from 46 percent in 2007 to 39 percent last year, according to health data firm IMS Health.
The reason? Competition from rival products, mainly Eli Lilly and Co.'s Cialis — the pill touted in those ubiquitous commercials featuring couples in his-and-hers bathtubs in bizarre places.
Judson Clark, an Edward Jones analyst, forecasts that Viagra sales will decline even further, about 5 percent each year for the next five years, unusual "for a drug in its prime."
Clark says he thinks Pfizer's strategy will prevent sales from declining, but he's unsure how well it will work.
"It's a very interesting and novel approach," he says. "Whether it returns Viagra to growth is hard to say."


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SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — Isaac Barnett took a bold step last year: He told teachers and classmates at his Kansas high school that the student they had known as a girl now wanted to be accepted as a boy.
His close childhood friend, who also identified as transgender, was ready to reveal his secret, too.
With the administration's blessing, a segment featuring the two friends talking about their transitions aired in the school's classrooms, alongside a basketball team promotion and a feature on the importance of the arts.
"I didn't get any questions or hate or put-downs or anything like that," said Barnett, now 18, adding that they called him Isaac immediately — a drama-free coming-out that would have been extraordinary in schools a decade ago.
With children rejecting the birth gender at younger ages and the transgender rights movement gaining momentum, schools in districts large and small, conservative and liberal, are working to help transitioning youth fit in without a fuss.
California this year became the first state with a law spelling out the transgender student rights in public schools, including the ability to use restrooms and to play on sports teams that match their expressed genders.
Another 13 states prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender identity in schools. Dozens of districts, from Salt Lake City and Kansas City to Knoxville, Tennessee, and Decatur, Georgia, have adopted similar protections.
Parents are increasingly seeking a comfortable learning environment for their transgender children, according to Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund Executive Director Michael Silverman.
His group represented the parents of a transgender Colorado grade school girl who was prevented from using the girl's restroom until state civil rights officials ruled in her favor last year.
There's "a new generation of parents who grew up in the age of the gay rights movement and are saying, 'We want to do what is best for our children,'" he said.
The trend is likely to accelerate with help from the federal government.
Last month, the U.S. Education Department alerted districts in a memo on sexual violence that it would welcome civil rights complaints from transgender students under Title IX, the 1972 law that bans gender discrimination at schools.
The guidance gives families new leverage to negotiate access to locker rooms, sports teams and other kinds of accommodations covered under California's law, said Mark Blom, a National School Boards Association attorney.
He said the memo surprised him because courts have said Title IX doesn't provide protections for sexual orientation or gender identity.
"It's going to create a real problem for school districts because the department has the right to go in and attempt to require the district under threat of losing federal funding to meet the standard the department articulates," Blom said.
School officials in states without anti-discrimination provisions for transgender residents already have been grappling with how to serve students whose needs conflict with traditional views about when and why boys and girls are separated.
The ACLU of Mississippi got involved last year when a high school senior who was born male but identified as a girl wanted to dress accordingly. The principal balked, saying the dress code required clothing to conform to gender.
The school board relented and stood by its decision, even after some parents and students complained, said Bear Atwood, then the state ACLU's executive director.
"For a long time they would have told you we don't have any trans kids here," Atwood said. "But as more and more kids are coming out everywhere else in the country, that is true in Mississippi as well.
"There is this sense of, 'We have to start figuring out how to deal with this,'" Atwood said.
Last week, a Christian legal group, Alliance Defending Freedom, asked the Louisville, Kentucky, school board to overrule a high school principal who allowed a transgender freshman to start using the girl's bathrooms.
The principal has since limited the student to one girl's restroom, but said treating her like other female students adhered to the recent Title IX guidance.
"When the issue of gender identity was brought to my attention, I had to educate myself on the issue and what this means in terms of fair and just treatment of transgender people," Atherton High School Principal Thomas Aberli said.
Alliance Defending Freedom attorney Jeremy Tedesco said schools should instead give transgender students the option of using staff or unisex facilities, as many do.
"The fact that we are in a position culturally where schools are just caving to these demands is very concerning," he said.
Kim Pearson, training director of Trans Youth Family Allies, estimates that for every case that makes headlines there are dozens that are resolved quietly and easily.
Since she co-founded the support and advocacy group in 2007, Pearson has worked with parents and educators in half of the states. "If a school wants to get it, they will," she said.


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Queens County Administration
Supervising Judge
Hon. Alan J. Schiff
Birdena Frye
Clerk of the County
Queens Civil Court
Welcome. The Queens County Civil Court building was
opened in January 1998, and is fulfilling its promise as a modern and efficient court facility.
Queens County, with its population of more than two million people, is considered
the most diverse borough in the City of New York.
Our 207 court personnel and 20 Civil and Housing Court Judges are dedicated to the administration of justice and are up to the task of dealing with the many complex issues that face the Court each day.
We continue to look forward to fulfilling our mission and serving the people of Queens County.