text:
Things That Are Not In the U.S. Constitution
Have you ever heard someone say, "That's unconstitutional!" or "That's my
constitutional right!" and wondered if they were right? You might be surprised
how often people get it wrong. You might also be surprised how often people get
it right. Your best defense against misconception is reading and knowing your
A lot of people presume a lot of things about the Constitution. Some are true, some are not. This page
will detail some of the things that people think are in the Constitution, but
are not.
One critique of this page is that it is full of nit-picks. Slavery, for
example, may not be "in" the original Constitution, but it is in the
original Constitution — the word may not have been there, but the concept
was. This is absolutely true. But by studying the words and coming to know them
intimately, we gain a better understanding of our history and how some
arguments about the Constitution endure.
- The Air Force
- Congressional Districts
- The Electoral College
- Executive Order
- Executive Privilege
- Freedom of Expression
- (Absolute) Freedom of Speech and Press
- "From each according to his ability…"
- God
- Immigration
- Impeachment means removal from office
- Innocent until proven guilty
- It's a free country
- Judicial Review
- Jury of Peers
- "Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness"
- Marriage
- Martial Law
- No taxation without representation
- Number of Justices in the Supreme Court
- "Of the people, by the people, for the people"
- Paper Money
- Political Parties
- Primary Elections
- Qualifications for Judges
- The right to privacy
- The right to travel
- The right to vote
- The separation of church and state
- The Separation of Powers Clause
- Slavery
- "We hold these truths to be self-evident"
- Other topics
The Constitution was ratified in 1787, long, long before the advent of the
airplane. It provides, specifically, for a navy and an army in Article 1, Section 8. Though they were aware of
lighter-than-air flying craft, the Framers could not have reasonably provided
for an Air Force. It should be noted at the outset that the Constitution does
not provide, specifically, for the other uniformed services, the Marines and
Coast Guard. The Marines, however, as an arm of the Navy, could be excepted;
and the Constitution does provide for "naval forces," and the Coast Guard could
thus be excepted. How, then, do we except the Air Force? The first way is via
common sense — the Framers certainly did not intend to preclude the use
of new technology in the U.S. military, and because of the varied roles of the
Air Force, it makes sense for it to be a separate branch. The second (and less
desirable) way is historical — the Air Force originated as the Army Air
Corps, an arm of the Army, similar to the Navy/Marine relationship. Basically,
unless your interpretation of the Constitution
freezes it in 1789, the Air Force is a perfectly constitutional branch of the
U.S. military.
Congressional Districts divide almost every state in the United States into
two or more chunks; each district should be roughly equal in population
throughout the state and indeed, the entire country. Each district elects one
Representative to the House of Representatives. The number of districts in each
state is determined by the decennial census, as mandated by the Constitution.
But districts are not mentioned in the Constitution. The United States Code
acknowledges districting, but leaves the "how's" to the states (gerrymandering,
however, is unconstitutional [as seen in Davis v Bandemer, 478 U.S. 109
(1986), though, the intent of gerrymandering is difficult to prove]).
The concept of the presidential elector is certainly in the Constitution,
but never is the group of people collectively referred to as "The Electoral
College." Article 1, Section 2 speaks of
"Electors," as do several of the Amendments, but never the college itself. The
term comes from common usage in the early 1800's, in the same way that the
"College of Cardinals" elects a pope, and is based on the Latin word
collegium, which simply refers to a body of people acting as a unit.
The term "College of Electors" is used in U.S. law, at 3 USC 4. For more on the
Electoral College, see the topic page.
Executive Orders have two main functions: to modify how an executive branch
department or agency does its job (rule change) or to modify existing law, if
such authority has been granted to the President by Congress. Executive orders
are not mentioned by the Constitution, but they have been around a long, long
time. George Washington issued several Presidential Proclamations, which are
similar to EO's (Proclamations are still issued today). EO's and Proclamations
are not law, but they have the effect of statutes. A typical modern
Proclamation might declare a day to be in someone's honor. Historically, they
have had broader effect, such as the Emancipation
Proclamation. A typical EO might instruct the government to do no business
with a country we are at war with. Executive orders are subject to judicial
review, and can be declared unconstitutional. Today, EO's and Proclamations are
sequentially numbered. The average president issues 58 EO's a year. As of March
13, 1936, all EO's must be published in the Federal Register. The first to have
been so published was #7316, by President Roosevelt.
Executive privilege is a right to withhold information from the legislative
and judicial branches by the President or by one of the executive departments.
There is question of whether the right exists at all, a question that has
lingered since the very first President, George Washington, asserted executive
privilege in his very first term. Most times, executive privilege is asserted
for purported national security reasons. Washington, however, asserted the
privilege when the House requested details of the Jay Treaty — his
rationale was that the House has no role in treaty-making and hence no right to
request the documents. In modern times, Bill Clinton refused to simply comply
with an order to appear before a grand jury, and instead negotiated terms under
which he would appear. Richard Nixon's is the most infamous use of executive
privilege, and while the Supreme Court, in U.S. v Nixon, 418 U.S. 683
(1974), recognized that there exists a need for some secrecy in the executive
branch, but that the secrecy cannot be absolute. The Court ordered Nixon to
turn over tapes and documents that a special prosecutor had subpoenaed. More
recently, the minutes and records of Vice President Dick Cheney's energy task
force were requested and denied based on executive privilege. This case made
its way to the Supreme Court, where the Court deflected the case and sent it
back to a lower court for further adjudication.
It is often said that one of the rights protected by the 1st Amendment is the freedom of expression. This
site, in fact, uses that term in its quick description of the amendment:
"Freedom of Religion, Press, Expression." But "expression" is not used in the
amendment at all. This term has come to be used as a shorthand, a term of art,
for three of the freedoms that are explicitly protected: speech, petition, and
assembly. While the use of "freedom of expression" is ubiquitous in this area
of 1st Amendment study, it is important to note exactly what "freedom of
expression" refers to — let this be such a note.
(Absolute) Freedom of Speech and Press
The Constitution does protect the freedom of speech of every citizen,
and even of non-citizens — but only from restriction by the Congress
(and, by virtue of the 14th Amendment, by state legislatures, too). There are
plenty of other places where you could speak but where speech can and is
suppressed. For example, freedom of speech can be and often is restricted in a
work place, for example: employers can restrict your right to speak in the work
place about politics, about religion, about legal issues, even about
Desperate Housewives. The same restrictions that apply to the government
do not apply to private persons, employers, or establishments. For another
example, the government could not prohibit the sale of any newspaper lest it
breech the freedom of the press. No newsstand, however, must carry every paper
against its owners' wishes.
From each according to his ability, to each according
to his needs
According to a 2002
Law School study, nearly two-thirds of persons polled thought that this
phrase came from the Constitution or might have been crafted by the Framers.
This phrase, however, originates from Karl Marx, and was written in 1875's
Critique of the Gotha Program. It is considered by many to be a brief
summation of the principles of communism.
It has often been seen on the Internet that to find God in the Constitution,
all one has to do is read it, and see how often the Framers used the words
"God," or "Creator," "Jesus," or "Lord." Except for one notable instance,
however, none of these words ever appears in the Constitution, neither the
original nor in any of the Amendments. The notable exception is found in the
Signatory section, where the date is written thusly: "Seventeenth Day of
September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven".
The use of the word "Lord" here is not a religious reference, however. This
was a common way of expressing the date, in both religious and secular
contexts. This lack of any these words does not mean that the Framers were not
spiritual people, any more than the use of the word Lord means that they were.
What this lack of these words is expositive of is not a love for or disdain for
religion, but the feeling that the new government should not involve itself in
matters of religion. In fact, the original Constitution bars any religious
test to hold any federal office in the United States. For more information,
see the Religion Topic Page.
Impeachment Means Removal From Office
The word "impeachment" and the phrase "removal from office" are not
synonymous. For a President, judge, or other federal official to be removed
from office against their will (because resignation is always an option), they
must be impeached. Impeachment consists of three phases — the passage of
the impeachment by the House, a trial by the Senate, and the imposition of a
penalty if the Senate convicts. For members of the executive branch, removal
from office is automatic upon conviction. The Senate may also decide to prevent
the person from holding any other public office (see Article 2, Section 4). For any other impeachable
officer (including judges), there are basically two punishments, which provide
four options: the Senate can do nothing; they can remove the person from their
office; they can prevent the person from ever holding any office in the federal
government again, or both (see Article 1, Section
First, it should be pointed out that if you did it, you're guilty, no matter
what. So you're not innocent unless you're truly innocent. However, our
system presumes innocence, which means that legally speaking, even the
obviously guilty are treated as though they are innocent, until they are proven
The concept of the presumption of innocence is one of the most basic in our
system of justice. However, in so many words, it is not codified in the text
of the Constitution. This basic right comes to us, like many things, from
English jurisprudence, and has been a part of that system for so long, that it
is considered common law. The concept is embodied in several provisions of the
Constitution, however, such as the right to remain
silent and the right to a jury.
A commonly heard mantra is, "Read your Constitution — it's a free
country, you know!" Well, read your Constitution — it never says it is a
free country. The implication of the aphorism is that in the United States, you
can do whatever you want to do, and the Constitution is there to ensure that.
It is certainly true that the Constitution protects many civil rights. The 1st Amendment ensures freedom of religious choice
and freedom of speech, but those things are not without limit. You cannot
create a religion that allows you to kill someone without civil punishment; you
cannot use libelous or slanderous words without recourse. There are other
things that restrict freedom — from the ability to suspend habeas corpus
to the issuance of patents. Certainly the United States is a very free country,
but it is not totally free — which is actually a good thing, unless you
actually like anarchy. It is interesting to note that in his confirmation
hearings in 2005, John Roberts said several times, "It's a free country." It
will be interesting to see how this enters into his judicial philosophy on the
We often hear about the Supreme Court striking down a law or a provision in
a law, or, more often, reaffirming some law or provision. Take a look in the
Constitution — judicial review, as this is known, is nowhere to be found.
It seems like a perfectly normal action — after all, what kind of check does the Judicial Branch have on the other
two branches if laws and orders cannot be declared unconstitutional. But
judicial review is not specifically mentioned. So how did judicial review come
to be? In the landmark case of Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803),
Chief Justice John Marshall declared a federal law, the Judiciary Act of 1789,
to be unconstitutional, and thus null and void. This was the first time a
Supreme Court ruling overturned a law.
People often say "I have a right to have my case heard by a jury of my
peers!" when there is no such right in the Constitution. The Constitution does
take up the issue of juries, however. It is the nature of the jury which is not
in the Constitution. In Article 3, Section 2,
the Constitution requires that all criminal trials be heard by a jury. It also
specifies that the trial will be heard in the state the crime was committed.
The 6th Amendment narrows the definition of the
jury by requiring it to be "impartial." Finally, the 7th Amendment requires that certain federal civil
trials guarantee a jury trial if the amount exceeds twenty dollars.
Note that no where is a jury "of peers" guaranteed. This is important for
some historical and contemporary reasons. Historically, the notion of a peer is
one of social standing — in particular, in a monarchy such as the one the
United States grew up from, commoners would never stand in judgement of lords
and barons. Along these same lines, since suffrage and jury service have always
been closely tied (and in the beginnings of the United States it was typical
for only white, male, property-owners to be allowed the vote), any combination
of gender, race, and economic status would be judged by only one kind of jury,
hardly by "peers."
Today, the American ideal dictates that we are all peers of one another, that
regardless of gender, race, religion, social status, or any other division
(except age), we are all equal. In this ideal, since we are all peers, a
guarantee of a jury of ones peers would be redundant. While some argue with
this ideal, it is the most democratic way to approach the subject. Juries need
only be impartial, and not made up of one's peers, else the jury system would be
"Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness"
This phrase is commonly attributed to the Constitution, but it comes from
the Declaration of Independence. The 5th Amendment does offer protections to our "life,
liberty, or property," noting we cannot be deprived of any of them without due
process of law.
In 2004, a lot of controversy began to swirl around the topic of marriage as
homosexual marriage entered the news once again. In 1999, the Vermont Supreme
Court ordered that the state must make accommodations for gay unions, bringing
the issue into the public eye. Vermont created civil unions as a result. In
2004, the Massachusetts Supreme Court went a step further, and ruled that the
state must accommodate not just an institution equal to marriage, as civil
union was designed to be, but that gay marriage itself must be offered in the
state. Subsequently, mayors in New York and California began to offer gay
marriage in their towns and cities, citing civil rights concerns. Those opposed
to gay marriage began to urge that an amendment to the Constitution be created
to define marriage as being between a man and a woman only. Opponents of the
amendment pointed to the failed Prohibition
Amendment as a reason why such social issues should stay out of the
Constitution. In the absence of any such amendment, however, marriage is not
mentioned in the Constitution at any point. More information is available on
the Marriage Topic Page.
The terms "martial law" or "law martial" are not mentioned anywhere in the
Constitution, but a key aspect of martial law, the suspension of habeas corpus certainly is — Congress
cannot suspend habeas corpus except when public safety is in jeopardy in times
of rebellion or invasion. This clause, found at Article 1, Section 9, is often taken as shorthand
for martial law, but in reality, martial law can exist while habeas corpus is
in place — the two are commonly linked, but not mutually exclusive. More
details can be found on the Martial Law Topic
No Taxation Without Representation
The battle cry "No taxation without representation!" was a great political
slogan coined to counter the Sugar Act of 1764. In
order to help recoup the debt it incurred during the French and Indian War (or
the Seven Years' War), the British Parliament passed the act, which taxed all
manner of foodstuffs imported into the colonies. The Americans, in the midst of
economic depression following the war, were not particularly enamored of a new
tax. Some have written that the Americans were simply whining tax evaders. The
slogan was good for rallying the troops with an easy issue for every one to
discern: that since they were not represented in Parliament, the tax should not
be levied. However, the ultimate goal of most of the agitators was not
representation in Parliament, but independence.
The concept of "no taxation without representation" may be present in
general in the United States. But those who are unrepresented (such as convicts
and immigrants who cannot vote) are still subject to taxation. Notably, the
citizens of Washington, DC, do not have any voting representation in Congress
(though it does send a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives).
Since 2000, DC license plates have included the phrase "Taxation Without
Representation" in an effort to raise awareness of the issue, especially among
tourists visiting the city. By virtue of the 23rd
Amendment, however, DC does have at least three electoral votes.
Number of Justices in the Supreme Court
Article 3, Section 1 specifies that there
will be a Supreme Court, Article 1, Section 3
mentions the Chief Justice, and Article 2, Section
2 mentions the "Judges of the Supreme Court", but aside from these small
mentions, the make-up of the Supreme Court is not defined in the Constitution.
There will be a Supreme Court, there will be a Chief Justice, and there will be
other Justices — but how many? Originally, there were six members, and
the number has fluctuated up to as many as ten. In 1869, the number was set in
the law at nine, and it has remained at nine ever since. The number of justices
is now set in the U.S. Code at 28 USC 1.
"Of the People, By the People, For the
This phrase is commonly attributed to the Constitution, but it comes from
the Gettysburg Address.
The Constitution does not directly mention paper money, a staple of today's
economy. It does give the Congress the power to "coin money," however. The
Constitution does prohibit states from
issuing "bills of credit," but no such
prohibition is in place for the federal government. What does this mean? Is
paper money unconstitutional, but coins are okay?
See FAQ Question #154 for a discussion
of this topic.
Political parties are such a basic part of our political system today, that
many people might assume the Constitution must at least mention parties in one
way or another… but there is absolutely no mention of political parties
anywhere in the Constitution. In fact, in the times of the Articles of Confederation, there weren't even any
parties; factions, perhaps; regional blocs, yes; but no parties. Not until
the Jackson and Van Buren administrations did
organized parties really take hold in the American political system.
The Primary Election season can be exciting and heady as candidates for the
presidency, and other national and state offices, vie for their party's
endorsement and spot on the ballot. Many people today assume that because the
process is second nature that it must be spelled out in the Constitution. No
where in the Constitution, however, will you find any mention of how elections
should be conducted. Since the Constitution is silent on the issue, we have
been free to develop any system we wished, and the result is the system of
primary elections we now use. Though the point of the party elections is to
select a single member of the party for the "real" election, the courts have
still exerted influence, reasoning that through primaries, disenfranchisement
can be effected. Party elections, then, must be open to anyone asserting party
affiliation — parties cannot, for example, bar any person of color solely
on the basis of race. Since they are party elections, however, the
Supreme Court has ruled that primary elections can bar voters not registered
with that party.
Article 1, Section 2 specifies the
qualifications to be a Representative, Article 1,
Section 3 specifies those for Senators, and Article 2, Section 1 those for President. The 12th Amendment adds the Vice President. But no
where does the Constitution specify how federal judges are to be qualified.
There is no minimum age and no residency requirement. The primary reason for
this is that the Framers were well aware of how judges became judges —
they were appointed because they excelled at the law. To do that, you must have
had at least a minimum of knowledge in the law (though in the 18th and 19th
centuries, lawyers were often self-taught).
The Constitution does not specifically mention a right to privacy. However,
Supreme Court decisions over the years have established that the right to
privacy is a basic human right, and as such is protected by virtue of the 9th Amendment. The right to privacy has come to the
public's attention via several controversial Supreme Court rulings, including
several dealing with contraception (the Griswold and Eisenstadt
cases), interracial marriage (the Loving case), and abortion (the
well-known Roe v Wade case). In addition, it is said that a right to
privacy is inherent in many of the amendments in the Bill of Rights, such as
the 3rd, the 4th's
search and seizure limits, and the 5th's
self-incrimination limit.
As the Supreme Court notes in Saenz v Roe, 98-97 (1999), the
Constitution does not contain the word "travel" in any context, let alone an
explicit right to travel (except for members of Congress, who are guaranteed the right to travel to and from
Congress). The presumed right to travel, however, is firmly established in
U.S. law and precedent. In U.S. v Guest, 383 U.S. 745 (1966), the Court
noted, "It is a right that has been firmly established and repeatedly
recognized." In fact, in Shapiro v Thompson, 394 U.S. 618 (1969),
Justice Stewart noted in a concurring opinion that "it is a right broadly
assertable against private interference as well as governmental action. Like
the right of association, … it is a virtually unconditional personal right,
guaranteed by the Constitution to us all." It is interesting to note that the
Articles of Confederation had an explicit
right to travel; it is now thought that the right is so fundamental that the
Framers may have thought it unnecessary to include it in the Constitution or
the Bill of Rights.
The Constitution contains many phrases, clauses, and amendments detailing
ways people cannot be denied the right to vote. You cannot deny the right to
vote because of race or gender. Citizens of Washington DC can vote for President; 18-year-olds can vote; you can vote even if you fail to pay a poll tax. The Constitution also
requires that anyone who can vote for the "most numerous branch" of their state
legislature can vote for House members and Senate members.
Note that in all of this, though, the Constitution never explicitly ensures
the right to vote, as it does the right to speech, for example. It does require
that Representatives be chosen and Senators be elected by "the People," and who
comprises "the People" has been expanded by the aforementioned amendments
several times. Aside from these requirements, though, the qualifications for
voters are left to the states. And as long as the qualifications do not
conflict with anything in the Constitution, that right can be withheld. For
example, in Texas, persons declared mentally incompetent and felons currently
in prison or on probation are denied the right to vote. It is interesting to
note that though the 26th Amendment requires that 18-year-olds must be able to
vote, states can allow persons younger than 18 to vote, if they chose to.
The Separation Of Church and State
The phrase "separation of church and state" does not appear anywhere in the
Constitution. Thomas Jefferson wrote that the 1st
Amendment erected a "wall of separation" between
the church and the state (James Madison said it "drew a line," but it is
Jefferson's term that sticks with us today). The phrase is commonly thought to
mean that the government should not establish, support, or otherwise involve
itself in any religion. The Religion Topic Page
addresses this issue in much greater detail.
The Separation Of Powers Clause
Though it may be implied or even directly stated in some news reports, blog
postings, or web sites, there is no clause of the Constitution that is called
the "Separation of Powers Clause." This is because there is no one clause that
says "separation of powers" or "checks and balances" or any other phrase that is
used synonymously. The concept of the Separation of Powers is written
into the first three articles of the Constitution, as detailed elsewhere.
Originally, the Framers were very careful about avoiding the words "slave"
and "slavery" in the text of the Constitution. Instead, they used phrases like
"importation of Persons" at Article 1, Section
9 for the slave trade, "other persons" at Article 1, Section 2, and "person held to service
or labor" at Article 4, Section 2 for slaves.
Not until the 13th Amendment was slavery
mentioned specifically in the Constitution. There the term was used to ensure
that there was to be no ambiguity as what exactly the words were eliminating.
In the 14th Amendment, the euphemism "other
persons" (and the three-fifths value given a slave) was eliminated. The Slavery Topic Page has a lot more detail.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all
men are created equal"
This phrase is commonly attributed to the Constitution, but it comes from
the Declaration of Independence.
The Constitution never uses the word immigration, so how is it that
the rules for immigrants, and quotas for countries, are set by the federal
government and not by the state governments? After all, as the 10th Amendment states, are the powers not delegated
to the United States held by the states, or the people?
The Supreme Court has ruled that the Congressional power to regulate
naturalization, from Article 1, Section 8,
includes the power to regulate immigration (see, for example, Hampton v. Mow
Sun Wong, 426 U.S. 88 [1976]). It would not make sense to allow Congress to
pass laws to determine how an immigrant becomes a naturalized resident if the
Congress cannot determine how, or even if, that immigrant can come into the
country in the first place. Just because the Constitution lacks the word
immigration does not mean that it lacks the concept of immigration.
There is also an argument that immigration is an implied power of any
sovereign nation, and as such, the federal government has the power to regulate
immigration because the United States is a sovereign nation. While it is true
that the United States is a sovereign nation, and it may be true that all
sovereign nations have some powers inherent in that status, it is not necessary
to determine if immigration is such a power that does not even require
constitutional mention, because the Naturalization Clause handles the
I get a lot of notes from people with topics not in the Constitution. I
expand on suggestions as time permits. Before time permits, here is a
bullet-list of the topics that have been sent to me, each of which I hope to
eventually add a few notes about:
- Constraints on the people
- Education
- Student, Animal, Gay, Lesbian Rights
- The word "democracy"
- Abortion
- Age discrimination
- Capitalism
If you can think of any more, please let me


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Last Updated on April 19, 2017 by Larious
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When President Obama on Wednesday unveils his blueprint for the government's 2014 budget, he'll offer lots of ideas for changes in taxes and spending.
But the proposal likely to grab the most attention will be the one dealing with cost-of-living adjustments for Social Security recipients. Many economists would applaud a change in the way Social Security officials measure inflation, but many older Americans may hiss, fearing a new formula will cut their benefits.
If Congress were to approve it, the change would directly affect the wallets of current — as well as future — recipients of Social Security.
So what is this different formula? Here are some answers about the politically charged proposal that would affect nearly all Americans who are — or plan to be — retired.
How does the Social Security Administration calculate inflation now?
Government officials know that rising consumer prices can erode the buying power of Social Security checks. So each year, they consider whether to provide a cost-of-living adjustment to keep incomes in line with consumer prices.
Their annual decision is based on any changes in prices, as measured by the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers, prepared by the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics. As this year began, the nearly 62 million Americans receiving Social Security and Supplemental Security Income benefits saw their checks go up by 1.7 percent to keep pace with the rise in the CPI.
Is the CPI a good measure of inflation?
Many economists say the CPI is not a good way to measure what people actually are spending at the store because it doesn't take into account the common-sense decisions routinely made by shoppers.
For example, if the price of blueberries were to go up, you might not buy them. Instead, you'll pick up the strawberries that are on sale. When the price of beef is high, you'll get the pork roast. The thing that matters to your budget is the total cost you pay for all of your groceries when you get to the checkout register, not what any one item costs separately.
So how would the White House change the measure for determining any cost-of-living adjustments?
Assuming that Obama does what political pundits predict, he will propose that Social Security administrators start using a different inflation measure, known as the " chained CPI." The Bureau of Labor Statistics invented this measure in 2002 to reflect how people react to price increases by using substitution, such as switching from expensive beef to cheaper pork.
What would it mean for Social Security recipients if the administration were to use the chained CPI measure to calculate benefits?
Economists say it would restrain the growth in cost-of-living-adjustments. At first, the changes would seem small because the chained CPI is usually only about a 0.25 percentage point lower than the CPI. In other words, if the CPI were to rise 2 percent, the chained CPI would show a 1.75 percent increase.
But the trimmed growth in benefits would compound over time and save the government a lot of money over coming years. In fact, the change would save Social Security nearly $130 billion in just the first decade, the Obama administration estimates.
Of course, if the government were to start putting smaller raises into Social Security checks, then recipients would be getting less money in their pockets. "It's much more than a technical fix; it is a reduction in benefits," Max Richtman, president of the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, told NPR.
So why would Obama support this change? Don't Democrats always go to the mat to protect Social Security?
Typically, Democrats vigorously defend the existing structure for Social Security, and a number of them are strongly opposed to switching to the chained CPI.
But many lawmakers — both Democrats and Republicans — are worried that the coming waves of retiring baby boomers will put too great of a financial strain on the system that supports retirees. They are looking for ways to reduce the cost of Social Security without radically restructuring the popular program.
And Obama has said he wants to reduce federal deficit spending by nearly $2 trillion over the coming decade.
White House spokesman Jay Carney has told reporters that to achieve that fiscal goal, Obama would include the inflation-calculation change in his budget — but only if that concession were paired with higher tax revenues, particularly for the wealthy. And Obama wants special protections written into the law for the oldest and poorest seniors.
"It's not the president's ideal approach, but it is a serious compromise proposition that demonstrates that he wants to get things done" in terms of reaching a compromise with deficit hawks, Carney said.
Obama's new budget, which is subject to congressional debate and approval, would take effect Oct. 1, the start of the new fiscal year.
Would the chained CPI measure only be used to cut benefits?
No, it could be used to boost revenues as well. That's because many parts of the federal tax code, such as tax brackets and standard deductions, are adjusted annually for inflation, based on the CPI reading. But the White House wants to use the alternative benchmark. Using the chained CPI when setting the tax code would raise an additional $124 billion of tax revenue through 2023, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The farmers market has been overflowing with zucchini lately and I have been picking some up every week. Lately I have been enjoying working with grated zucchini and the last time I used it this way I thought that it would be perfect as a quesadilla filling. I have also been picking up some corn every week at the farmers market and while I was thinking about the zucchini quesadilla I thought that some sweet corn would also go well in the cheesy quesadilla. After the corn and zucchini I threw in some of my standard quesadilla ingredients including some green onions, cilantro and of course some jalapeno pepper for some heat. I was a little worried that the grated zucchini might be a little moist for quesadillas and since no one wants a soggy quesadilla I made sure to squeeze out and excess moisture from the zucchini after grating it. The corn and zucchini quesadillas turned out great! They were nice an golden brown on the outside and warm and gooey and cheesy and good on the inside. The zucchini and corn filling worked really well in a cheesy quesadilla. I served the quesadilla along with some salsa and sour cream for dipping.
Corn and Zucchini Quesadillas
- 1 ear corn (grilled and kernels cut from cob)
- 1 small zucchini (grated, squeezed and drained)
- 1 jalapeno pepper (chopped)
- 1 green onion (sliced)
- 1 handful cilantro (chopped)
- 1 teaspoon cumin (toasted and ground)
- 1 lime (juice)
- 2 tortillas
- 1/2 cup cheddar cheese (grated)
- Mix the corn, zucchini, jalapeno, green onion, cilantro, cumin and lime.
- Melt a touch of butter in a pan.
- Place a tortilla into the pan.
- Sprinkle some cheese on the tortilla followed by corn and zucchini mixture and top with more cheese and finally the other tortilla.
- Cook until the quesadilla is golden brown on both sides and the cheese is melted.
Corn and Black Bean Quesadillas
Pumpkin Quesadillas
Zucchini Fritters
Corn Fritters
Zucchini and Corn Taco Seasoned Quinoa Salad
Duck Quesadillas with Chipotle Cherry Salsa and Goat Cheese
Sweet Potato and Black Bean Quesadillas with Swiss Chard Pesto
Caramelized Corn and Black Bean Tacos with Roast Zucchini Salsa and Roasted Poblano Crema
Corn and Black Bean Quesadillas with Roast Zucchini Salsa
Sriracha Maple Miso Butter Grilled Corn


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On the trail with Mitt Romney in New Hampshire Thursday morning, I encountered the first Occupy protesters of the three-day bus trip.
One of them, Bob Broadhurst, grew up in Boston but now lives in nearby Littleton, N.H. He's been one of the Occupy protesters in New York since September, but returned to New Hampshire to protest along Romney's route.
A fourth-generation electrician, Broadhurst is an IBEW union member and his main issue is what he calls "the attack" on unions and labor. Romney represents a convenient target for his ire.
"He's part of the problem," says Broadhurst. "These guys are taking millions and millions of dollars. And it's not right. We have no voice, the 99 percent. I can't compete with that. Even the unions lobbying is outspent easily 20 to one versus corporate America."
Broadhurst knows Romney well from his time as Massachusetts governor — and is still not a fan. "He's so wishy washy on the health care system — the new health care reform, which he helped put in place in Massachusetts. And the national one is very close to it," Broadhurst says. "His stand goes back and forth, back and forth."
But Broadhurst's anger is not reserved for Romney. "In general, it's all these politicians, they're just out of control," he says, citing low approval ratings for Congress. "It's the two parties — there's not much of a difference right now. There's very few ... Democrats or Republicans who are with the 99 percent or even care about the 99 percent."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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A judge in New Delhi has just delivered his guilty verdict for four men who raped and murdered a young woman on a city bus back in December. It was one of the most high profile cases in Indian history. The horrific crime stirred a national debate over the country's lax prosecution of crimes against women and became an international issue as well. We talk to NPR's Julie McCarthy who was at the courthouse. Good morning.
JULIE MCCARTHY, BYLINE: Good morning, Renee.
MONTAGNE: The verdict has just come out and beyond the guilty verdicts, what did the judge say?
MCCARTHY: Renee, he threw the book at these four men. He said what they had done was cruel and inhuman, and he went to great lengths to describe the crime. He talked about how they lured this woman onto a bus. They turned off the lights. She believed she was on a normal bus; she wasn't at all. They pinned her down. They took turns raping her.
They threw her off the bus naked. They stole all her belongings. And everyone was found equally guilty. So guilty on gang rape, guilty for murder, guilty for kidnapping and unnatural offenses, which really speaks to the brutality of this attack, Renee. And while this was going on, the parents of that victim, who were a fixture in these proceedings, they sat just a few feet from the accused, this is the moment that that family - and the country - have been waiting for, for eight long months.
The sentencing, the fate, of these men is still unknown. Possibly tomorrow will be the first hearing on that.
MONTAGNE: And I gather outside the courtroom there were protestors chanting: Hang them! Hang them! That is one of the possible sentences, right?
MCCARTHY: That's exactly right. They could face the death penalty or they could face life imprisonment. The political pressure here to mete out the most extreme punishment - this has become a huge case in this country. The government was under intense pressure. Under that pressure it stiffened the anti-rape laws. It toughened them up and made for more robust sentences. And so there is a sense that someone's likely to get the death penalty tomorrow. We're just not certain yet.
MONTAGNE: This murder trial has been hugely publicized but what has it meant for Indian courts and how they handle sexual assault cases?
MCCARTHY: Well, it did inaugurate a fast track court system in Delhi. And what that means is that a court specially and exclusively will deal with the questions of sexual assault. And that should help things here, Renee, because there were more than 200,000 crimes against women committed in India last year and the conviction rates for rape alone is less than 25 percent.
And that's a function of court forensics, cases languish for years, people lose interest. And what you wind up is this culture of immunity. The fast track courts would help suppress that. Since this case last December, there have been more than 400 cases of rape in the first four months of this year. What you're finding is more women are now encouraged to report sexual assault.
Can you say the incidents have fallen? No, you can't. But with tougher penalties under the law can you say that that will be a deterrent? It's still too early to say. The country just really formulated those new more robust laws in April.
MONTAGNE: And Julie, just look back and tell us why this case seems to have made such a difference?
MCCARTHY: Well, I think, you know, in a country where sex crimes are so prevalent, one woman, this 23 year old woman, she just became a symbol of sexual assault and someone who resisted her attackers. And she captured the Indian imagination. And from there they went to the streets and they brought a government to its knees to change the laws.
MONTAGNE: That's NPR's Julie McCarthy in New Delhi. Thanks very much, Julie.
MCCARTHY: Thank you, Renee.
MONTAGNE: This is NPR News.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Welcome to tennis Court Maintenance, we are experts in the renovation of sports courts which involves removing all of the contamination of the surface. Do you need an experienced tennis court renovation contractor in Moray Then you have come to the right place.
Our company can complete tennis court renovation in Moray IV30 8 to rectify minor damages and remove dirt and debris. There are many professional and recreational courts in the UK at schools, clubs and residential sports facilities which have become worn out and damaged due to heavy use and lack of proper tennis court maintenance.
These macadam sports surfaces can become cracked and pitted with fretting, this means that the surfacing starts to come loose and creates an uneven surface which is unsafe for use. Lots of people think that these damaged courts need a full tennis facility refurbishment project in Moray to bring back the required playing qualities.
For more information on refurbishment please click here http://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/refurbishment/moray However in many cases renovation is all that's needed to improve the surface.
The renovation process takes place in a number of stages which include cleaning, repairs and colour coating:
Cleaning and Treatment – The first stage of the process is to thoroughly clean the area using a pressure washer to remove dirt and contaminants, leaving a smooth surface for the rest of the renovation to be carried out. The pressure washer clears the area of any debris, moss and algae which may have contaminated the sporting area and lead to a loss of porosity and drainage capabilities. A chemical treatment will then be applied to the surfacing to prevent more moss and algae growing on the surfacing and therefore reduce the risk of flooding in the future.
Tennis Court Repairs – The next part of the project is to fix any damaged or cracked areas in the macadam surface. This is done by applying 2mm emerald stone mixed with a polyurethane binder, this is then screeded so that the mixture fills in any cracks or pits in the tarmac and leaves the surfacing smooth and even before the next stage of the process. A polyurethane binder will then be applied onto the macadam sports surface to strengthen the existing tarmac and make the surface stable and safe for use.
Sport Surface Painting – Finally, a new coating of acrylic anti-slip paint will be sprayed onto the macadam to finish off the process. These specialist paints can be applied in a range of bright colours including red, blue and green, and they help to improve the grip and traction of the surface, therefore enhancing the performance qualities for a variety of sports. If you'd like to utilise the area for multiple sports, line markings can be painted on in contrasting colours for basketball and netball, or you can choose just to have lines marked out for tennis.
The finished product from a sports pitch renovation project will be a much-improved sports surface which looks great and performs well. It's important to carry out regular maintenance once we have completely renovated the area near me, as this will help to maintain the performance and safety qualities and improve the durability and longevity of the whole facility.
Without routine maintenance, the area can become badly damaged and may require more serious work. For example, we could carry out tennis pitch resurfacing - presented on this page http://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/resurfacing/moray - if the facility is in very bad condition and a clean and paint would not be enough to improve it.
If you've got a damaged or worn out facility in Moray IV30 8 and surrounding areas, and you're unsure if it needs resurfacing or renovation, please get in touch with us using our contact form and give us as much detail as you can about your enquiry.
One of our team members will get back to you with some professional advice in regards to what would be the best way to deal with your sporting facility and quotes and pricing for the recommended works.
If you're looking how to renovate a tennis court, these are the basic steps you will need to know:
Clean the surfacing using a pressure washer
Apply a moss and algae treatment to remove and prevent contamination
Repair any damages on the surfacing using emerald stone mixed with polyurethane binder
Install polyurethane binder coat if required to strengthen your existing surface and stick the paint to the surfacing better
Paint the surfacing using a specialist anti-slip paint in the colour of your choice
Install line-markings to allow for accurate scoring
We can carry out professional tennis court renovation to completely revitalise your facility. A number of courts which have been badly neglected have been renovated by our team. Renovations can dramatically enhance both the look and play of sports courts. However, if your surfacing is in extremely poor condition, you may benefit more from a full resurface.
Sports court renovation refers to specialist maintenance services to improve the look and play of a sports facility. Our company carry out specialist services to completely renovate the surfacing without needing to complete a full resurface. We have cleaned and painted a range of facilities across the UK, carrying out minor repairs too, in an attempt to transform worn out courts at a more affordable price.
Although our renovations will not restore all the original qualities of the courts like a full resurface would, they will dramatically improve the appearance and performance properties of the facility.
If you'd like to discuss our renovations in Moray and surrounding areas in more detail, please do not hesitate to contact us. Our specialists can talk you through the process and supply you with a variety of case studies of past work which we have completed.
The cost to renovate sports courts depends on a range of different factors. One of the biggest factors which alter the price of renovations is the area size. If you want to renovate a single court the price will be much cheaper compared to renovating a triple MUGA court. The existing condition of your facility will also have an effect on the cost of renovation.
If your surfacing is full of moss and algae along with other contamination, a skip may be required to take the dirt away. Also, the cost of cleaning may be higher because more chemical treatment and labour will be required. If you simply require tennis line markings alone the price to renovate the surfacing will generally be cheaper than if you're interested in more sports markings.
Tennis markings are generally much cheaper than others including basketball. The number of markings you need will also have an effect on the cost to renovate the sports courts.
If you'd like more information on tennis court renovation in Moray IV30 8 and you would like a quote for the work, please fill in our enquiry form and we will get back to you promptly.
Tennis Court Cleaning in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/cleaning/moray
Tennis Court Repair in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/repair/moray
Tennis Court Repainting in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/repainting/moray
Tennis Court Resurfacing in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/resurfacing/moray
Tennis Court Relining in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/relining/moray
Tennis Court Testing in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/testing/moray
Tennis Court Rejuvenation in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/rejuvenation/moray
Tennis Court Refurbishment in Moray - https://www.tenniscourtmaintenance.co/refurbishment/moray
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text: How will clients benefit with you as their coach? Clients will be set up for "success" feeling fulfilled, engaged, heard, and connected. They will develop measurable results and begin to see them with each session. What results have clients reported after working with you? Testimonials are available here: www.think-statice.com. In addition to those, clients have reported that I helped them discover where and when they were making up stories in their head that may negatively impact their leadership ability and did so while making it enjoyable and fun. They report they feel inspired, acknowledged, and validated. Here's a sample testimonial: "As a new leader on an established executive team I was in search of perspective, renewed focus and an opportunity to work more closely with my teams to meet our goals. I interviewed three coaches and Kathy's coaching strategies were most in line with my priorities and she listened to what I was looking for. Within 6 weeks of working with Kathy my focus changed from self- doubt to positive self-awareness and focus. Kathy continued to push me to harness my positive energy and use it to support my team and myself. I now approach work and life with a renewed motivation and focus. Her ability to push my thinking and help me work past mental barriers has changed the way I consider problems and work through them. It has also helped me speak with my team as they become challenged in achieving their goals. In just a short time I was able to take frustrations in my lack of forward momentum to leading a large team through a challenging project with energy and action. As Kathy said multiple times, 'trust the process'. I did and have the utmost respect for Kathy's approach, her candor and support for my continued professional growth and success." What do clients say about working with you? "Kathy partnered with me to coach a team of three managers during a six-month period. Using tools including a 360 assessment and the Energy Leadership Index, each team member identified key areas of development: 1) creating synergy among and across teams; 2) discovering areas that may negatively, and positively, impact their ability to lead, understand and navigate difficult conversations; and 3) managing conflict. Kathy provided exceptional value to the team. Her coaching accomplished our goals to groom our future business leaders and arm them with effective leadership and communication strategies." Bill H., COO and Director of Innovation, major imaging software and research company, Parsippany, New Jersey "From our first meeting, Kathy really made me think about what it was I wanted to do, helping me focus on the things that really mattered to me, and how I could achieve them. The sessions reignited a dwindling self-belief and inspired me to get back on track and figure out what I really wanted. She helped me to focus and organize my thoughts as well as re-evaluate what was important to me and whether I was willing to make the sacrifices needed to achieve what I wished to do with my working life. I had the drive and the determination; I just couldn't see where I was going wrong. I was so frustrated at my lack of progress. I couldn't see any other way of doing things. With her help, I actually came away with a totally new way of looking at my life. It was as if I had all the answers I just wasn't able to find them myself. I cannot thank Kathy enough for helping me see what was important, and for giving me back the self-assurance that I had hiding in me. I don't think she even realizes such an important role she was in helping me make my decisions for the future." N. Graham, Association Client & Now Small Business Owner, Alabama "Kathy Zwarick gets my highest recommendation as an executive coach. Her unique ability to recognize, understand, and explain complex business relationships has excelled my thinking, and most importantly, my actions. Along the way there have been surprising (and sometimes painful) personal realizations, but Kathy's coaching continued to make me a better person every day, both at work and at home. Kathy did not hesitate to tactfully, but directly point out areas that needed to be considered a different way, and proved to be right with her observations, opinions, and suggestions. Kathy is not only challenging and insightful, but also patient and understanding, with good instincts and knowledge. With the coaching experience, I truly believe I have improved my leadership style." Larry Fuhrmann, COO, R.S. Crum & Company, Mountainside, NJ "My new position as senior director was exciting but sometimes challenging and overwhelming. Kathy was a tremendous help in getting me to set appropriate priorities and improve my leadership style. Her suggestions were always on point, as were her instincts. Kathy's extensive experience is evident in her delivery and style, as well as extremely constructive. Her coaching style is not only very positive but also tactful and practical. I have absolutely no hesitation in giving Kathy my strongest endorsement as an executive coach." Association Client, Washington, DC "Kathy Zwarick is an outstanding executive coach. Kathy and I worked together on specific leadership and communication behaviors that have allowed me to become much more effective in my role. The tools and methodology that Kathy uses are both tailored and insightful. She has a terrific way of gently pointing out both the areas where I excel and where there's room for improvement. She isn't prescriptive, but rather asks open ended questions that lead you to recognize the right path. She's personable, easy to work with and also has a great grasp of what's necessary to navigate in today's complex business world." Stephanie Colotti, Director, Business Operations, Madison, WI area What is your coaching philosophy? I provide tools and workshops that foster consistent, sustainable change and believe in a client-focused, values-driven approach to advancing your goals. What strengths do you have as a coach? Empowering individuals to lead Creating "buy in" and engagement Developing communication skills Building strategies to address conflict Improving executive presence What types of clients do you work with? I coach those who want to level up their leadership and managerial skills. My clients include executives (COOs, Vice Presidents), emerging leaders (managers transitioning to directors), and anyone who wants to stand out in associations and non-profits. I also work with professionals seeking consultative coaching What is your professional background? I have been a C-suite executive for more than 25 years in the health policy and public relations fields. I complemented my leadership experience with training from the Institute for Professional Excellence in Coaching (IPEC). I am IPEC-certified as a professional coach and an Energy Leadership Index Master Practitioner. I am an International Coach Federation credentialed associate coach and a certified association executive. I am a member of the International Coach Federation, Women Business Leaders in Health Care, American Association of Medical Society Executives, and American Society of Association Executives.


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Hearing loss can affect individuals of any age at any time. It also has many causes, symptoms and effects when untreated over time. In fact, well over 30 million Americans, of all ages, report having some degree of hearing loss. Many of these people could reconnect themselves to the sounds they love if they chose to use hearing aids. Our goal is to help anyone who feels they may be experiencing the negative impact of hearing loss in their daily life take the first step. Below are several videos displaying the causes, progression, impact and statistics of hearing loss in the United States. If you, or a loved one, are ready for your free hearing appointment, contact us and we will be in touch to schedule an appointment at your convenience.
Want to see if you might be experiencing hearing loss? Take our online hearing test today!


text:
There's a small frame hanging on the wall near the computer Josie Maisano uses to search for work. Inside there's a picture of her at this year's State of the Union address and a blue ribbon that Democrats wore that night to highlight the plight of people like Maisano, whose unemployment benefits stopped at the end of December.
"Oh, my God. It was just a once-in-a-lifetime experience," says Maisano. "Listening to President Obama, it was just very, very heartwarming."
That night, as Maisano looked down from the gallery, Obama called for Congress to renew the federal benefits program for the long-term uninsured.
"This Congress needs to restore the unemployment insurance you just let expire for 1.6 million people," Obama said to loud cheers.
But two months later, even more people have lost benefits. The Senate is expected to vote early next week on a bipartisan bill that would restore the program, but its fate in the Republican-controlled House is far from certain. And that leaves more than 2 million people in limbo.
"I thought that something would have happened a lot sooner," says Maisano.
Every day Maisano, 60, goes to her computer and applies for jobs. She lives in St. Clair Shores, Mich., and worked as a secretary in the auto industry from the time she graduated high school until 2008.
Since then, she's been on and off unemployment and even went through a federal retraining program, only to discover she didn't have enough experience to land a job in the field she studied. Maisano says since her $179 weekly unemployment checks stopped coming, she and her husband have fallen behind on their mortgage. She's signed up for food stamps.
"I've almost rubbed my crucifix, rubbed the gold right off of it," says Maisano, touching a gold pendant she wears around her neck. "All I do is pray that something good will come along, and it's just not happening."
A Fight Over Policy
Her congressman is Sander Levin, D-Mich., an outspoken advocate for renewing the federal unemployment benefits program.
"I'm not saying everybody's the same, but there really are 2 million Josies," says Levin.
To Levin and most Democrats, extending the benefits is the right thing to do.
"If we can't respond to people who have worked in many cases all their lives and who are desperately looking for work, I just feel that personally we've failed," says Levin.
But many Republicans question the wisdom of keeping the program going. This fight goes beyond politics: There's a fundamental policy disagreement.
"Extending this program multiple times, which has been 12 times, it's twice the amount of spending on all the previous programs, so clearly just spending on this program doesn't move the needle," says Rep. Dave Camp, R-Mich., who chairs the House Ways and Means Committee.
He argues it has failed people like Maisano who still haven't found sustainable employment.
"Obviously we've sent her checks. She's on her second round of unemployment," say Camp. "That hasn't worked for her. We need actually policies that will create jobs."
But agreement on what those policies might be is even more elusive.
'Part Of The Human Race Again'
Maisano searches all the time for news about whether Congress might bring back her benefits. But what she really wants is to get a paycheck again.
"I need a job," she says, the emotion clear in her voice. "I want a job. I want to be part of the human race again. This sitting home every day, it's driving me mad."
Maisano is smart, passionate, an excellent writer — and she can start immediately.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
Associated Press
Americans marked the 11th anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001, terror attacks Tuesday in familiar but subdued ceremonies that put grieving families ahead of politicians and suggested it's time to move on after a decade of remembrance.
As in past years, thousands gathered at the World Trade Center site in New York, the Pentagon and Shanksville, Pa., to read the names of nearly 3,000 victims killed in the worst terror attack in U.S. history.
But many felt that last year's 10th anniversary was an emotional turning point for public mourning of the attacks. For the first time, elected officials weren't speaking at the ceremony, which often allowed them a solemn turn in the spotlight, but raised questions about the public and private Sept. 11. Fewer families attended the ceremonies this year, and some cities canceled their remembrances altogether.
"I feel much more relaxed" this year, said Jane Pollicino, who came to ground zero Tuesday morning to mourn her husband, who was killed at the trade center. "After the ninth anniversary, that next day, you started building up to the 10th year. This feels a lot different, in that regard. It's another anniversary that we can commemorate in a calmer way, without that 10-year pressure."
As bagpipes played at the year-old Sept. 11 memorial in New York, family clutching balloons, flowers and photos of their loved ones bowed their heads in silence at 8:46 a.m., the moment that the first hijacked jetliner crashed into the trade center's north tower. Bells tolled to mark the moments that planes crashed into the second tower, the Pentagon and a Pennsylvania field, and the moments that each tower collapsed.
President Barack Obama and first lady Michelle Obama observed the moment in a ceremony on the White House's south lawn, and then laid a white floral wreath at the Pentagon, above a concrete slab that said "Sept. 11, 2001 — 937 am." He later recalled the horror of the attacks, declaring, "Our country is safer and our people are resilient."
Victims' families in New York began the solemn, familiar ritual of tearfully reading the names of nearly 3,000 killed, with personal messages to their lost loved ones.
"Rick, can you hear your name as the roll is called again? On this sacred ground where your dust settled?" said Richard Blood, whose son, Richard Middleton Blood, Jr., died in the trade center's south tower. "If only those who hear your name could know what a loving son and beautiful person you grew to be. I love you, son, and miss you terribly."
Thousands had attended the ceremony in New York in previous years, including last year's milestone 10th anniversary. A crowd of fewer than 200 swelled to about 1,000 by late Tuesday morning, as family members laid roses and made paper rubbings of their loved ones' names etched onto the Sept. 11 memorial.
Commuters rushed out of the subway and fewer police barricades were in place than in past years in the lower Manhattan neighborhood surrounding ground zero. More than 4 million people in the past year have visited the memorial, which became more of a public space than a closed-off construction site.
Families had a mixed reaction to the changing ceremony, which kept politicians away from the microphone in New York for the first time. Charles G. Wolf, whose wife, Katherine, was killed at the trade center, said: "We've gone past that deep, collective public grief." But Pollicino said it's important that politicians still attend the ceremony.
"There's something missing if they're not here at all," she said. "Now, all of a sudden, it's 'for the families.' This happened to our country — it didn't happen only to me."
And Joe Torres, who put in 16-hour days in ground zero's "pit" cleaning up tons of debris in the days after the attacks said another year has changed nothing for him.
"The 11th year, for me, it's the same as if it happened yesterday. It could be 50 years from now, and to me, it'll be just as important as year one, or year five or year ten."
Like 2001, this Sept. 11 was on a Tuesday, for the second time since the attacks. The early fall weather was much like the morning on 2001.
Mayor Michael Bloomberg, the governors of New York and new Jersey and former Mayor Rudy Giuliani all attended New York's ceremony. Biden spoke to hundreds at the Flight 93 Memorial in Pennsylvania, saying the ceremonies were a reminder that the country hasn't forgotten them.
The Obamas planned later to visit wounded soldiers at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The U.S. terror attacks were followed by wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, where the U.S. military death toll years ago surpassed the 9/11 victim count. At least 1,987 U.S. troops have died in Afghanistan and 4,475 in Iraq, according to the Pentagon.
Allied military forces marked the anniversary at a short ceremony at NATO's headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan with a tribute to more than 3,000 foreign troops killed in the decade-long war.
"Eleven years on from that day there should be no doubt that our dedication to this commitment, that commitment that was seared into our souls that day so long ago, remains strong and unshaken," said Marine Gen. John Allen, the top commander of U.S. and coalition troops.
Other ceremonies were held across the country — from New York's Long Island, where hundreds wrote messages to their loved ones on a memorial, to Boston, where more than 200 people with ties to Massachusetts were remembered. But some cities scaled back — Middletown, N.J., which lost 37 residents, held a small, silent ceremony instead of previous events with speeches and music. The New York City suburb of Glen Rock, N.J., where 11 people were killed, did not hold a memorial this year for the first time.
"It was appropriate for this year — not that the losses will ever be forgotten," said Brad Jordan, chairman of a Glen Rock community group that helps victims' families. "But we felt it was right to shift the balance a bit from the observance of loss to a commemoration of how the community came together to heal."
The anniversary led to a brief pause in the presidential campaign as Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney pulled their negative ads and avoided campaign rallies. Romney shook hands with firefighters at Chicago's O'Hare Airport and was flying to Nevada to address the National Guard, whose members deployed after the attacks. His running mate, Rep. Paul Ryan of Wisconsin, had no scheduled public events.
The memorial foundation announced this summer that politicians wouldn't be included this year, to separate politics from the ceremony. But others said keeping elected officials off the rostrum smacked of … politics. And several said they were unwilling to let go.
"Coming here, it's like ripping off a Band-Aid," said Yasmin Leon, whose sister was killed at the trade center. "You rip it off and the wound is opened again. But you keep coming back anyway."
And at ground zero, family members reading their loved ones' names said the passage of time did not change their grief.
"Mark, they say time heals all wounds. It's not true, Mark," said Joanne Hindy, whose nephew died in the north tower. "There's a void in all our lives because this that will never ever be filled or healed."
Read More: http://www.timesleader.com/stories/11th-anniversary-ceremonies-mark-911-,203662


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Betsy Baldwin, program management officer for World Vision's humanitarian and emergency affairs team, writes today about a recent trip to Lebanon. Visiting Syrian refugee children who had fled their homes, Betsy witnessed firsthand the effects of the trauma these children had been through. Here, she describes the heartbreaking stories she saw illustrated by these children's hands.
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On a recent vacation, I tested the goalie skills of my 6-year-old nephew by shooting a soccer ball at his makeshift goal. We were alone, except for a few passing pedestrians and cars. Shade and clean water waited for us inside.
A week later, I was with colleagues in the eastern part of Lebanon, only a 40-minute drive from Damascus, Syria. I was there to visit Syrian children who had fled from the war across the border.
Many Syrian children have been out of school for months, even years. Now they are behind and unable to transition easily into the Lebanese schools. World Vision, along with many other humanitarian agencies, is providing fast-track learning programs to these children to build their confidence and fill their knowledge gaps. The goal is to get them into a local school near where they are now living in Lebanon.
If only missing classes was their worst struggle. They've seen and heard some of the worst, most vicious things that humans do to each other. Our teachers help them deal with this trauma through drawing. During our visit, we saw several pictures of the children's wishes and thoughts.
The first drawing was of a nicely dressed woman and a child (above).
The teacher explained that this child wished to be with her mother. The child's mother had been killed.
The next picture was of a family gathered around a dining room table. This child's wish was to be at the table again with the whole family together.
The next was of a house. The child wanted to be an architect and build a house for the family and other people who had lost their houses.
But it was the last picture that pushed me so hard I had to walk away. I first noticed a group of kids playing soccer. One child was lying on the ground. When I saw the men with guns and tanks on the other side of the page, I feared the explanation. The teacher said that this child had been playing soccer with friends when an armed group attacked and killed some of them.
I couldn't look at any more pictures. It became too emotional and personal as I thought of my nephew, his love for soccer, and how he is able to play without danger of bullets and bombs.
Syrian children have had to face what no child should ever see. Those who have fled their homes — now refugees in other countries or still stuck in Syria — are often left with nothing. Yet the world's response has been to somewhat ignore them.
We can't bring back mothers or erase the horrific things a child has seen. But we can help them return to school and have the food and water they need. It's what we do for our children. It's what we should do for these ones.
Make a one-time donation to help World Vision provide emergency assistance for Syrian refugees. Your gift will help us deliver basic hygiene kits and food vouchers for refugee families, as well as support initiatives to help refugee children continue their education away from home.
Please join us in prayer for all World Vision staff members working around the world, particularly in this region of conflict.


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What our customers are saying:
"The service at Pegasus was incredible. There were several different products that I could have used and they walked me through each one to help me make the most informed decision. Since I have a Turbo Honda motor in my Lotus, I didn't expect them to be experts on this swap, but they still gave me all the base info on how the electronics should communicate with each other. That helped me decide what parts I should get and how to expect them to work in the car."
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Will Elizabeth Warren challenge Hillary Clinton in 2016?
Will Elizabeth Warren challenge Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination in 2016?
That's what some observers in Washington are wondering, after a profile of the Massachusetts senator published by the New Republic on Sunday ("Hillary's Nightmare?") takes a hard look at the possibility of a Warren run for the White House.
"Yeah, Hillary is running," a former Warren aide told the magazine. "And she'll probably win. But Elizabeth doesn't care about winning. She doesn't care whose turn it is."
Earlier this year, Warren co-signed a letter with other Senate Democratic women urging the former first lady, senator and secretary of state to run in 2016. But she sidestepped a direct question from the New Republic's Noam Scheiber about the possibility of taking on Clinton in 2016.
"You've asked me about the politics," Warren said. "All I can do is take you back to the principle part of this. ... I know what I am in Washington to do: I'm here to fight for hard-working families."
Most insiders say Clinton would be an overwhelming favorite against any Democratic primary opponent. One far-too-early poll released in July showed Clinton holds a 48-point lead over Vice President Joe Biden and a 50-point advantage over Warren among Iowa Democrats.
However, former aides say the former Harvard law professor would be undeterred by polls.
"She has an immense — I can't put it in words — a sense of destiny," one said. "If Hillary or the man on the moon is not representing her stuff and her people don't have a seat at table, she'll do what she can to make sure it's represented."
Scheiber lays out Clinton's "nightmare" like this:
Any candidate who challenged Clinton would need several key assets. The candidate would almost certainly have to be a woman, given Democrats' desire to make history again. She would have to amass huge piles of money with relatively little effort. Above all, she would have to awaken in Democratic voters an almost evangelical passion. As it happens, there is precisely such a person. Her name is Elizabeth Warren.
Reminder: The first votes that count in the 2016 presidential campaign, the Iowa caususes, are scheduled for early January 2016.


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Easy Mobile Casino > News > Spring Ahead With These Bonuses That Las Vegas Casinos And Bingo Rooms Are Offering > BingoSpirit Bonus Codes
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Case in point: I attempted to re-enact what I think of as the typical Asian smokey eye, where basically you rim your top lash line and 1/3 of your bottom waterline with black liner, add a ton of highlight in the inner corner and extend it to the edge of that 1/3 of black line. Color on lids optional. I used Le Métier de Beauté Nouvelle Vague, which has basically become my to-go eye palette for anything that involves black shadow. I swear that shade alone may be worth the $95 for the entire kit. On a side note, I love how frequent use changes my perception of a product. For reference, see my previous thoughts on the palette here.
Two things happened:
1. The tear duct-ish area of my right eye decided it refused to accept black liner of any form (when powder failed I tried liquid and cream. Nope) and I'm hoping it's a freak protest or my right eye and I will have words
2. I realized that even though this makeup is eye-widening and flattering on most Asian eyes, it's somehow just ill-suited to my face. I'm not saying it's ugly, it's just not the best thing I've seen on me.
The moral of the story, which I have already given away in my catchy post titling (!), is what works for a lot of other people may not work for you, but that's alright. You can figure out what does instead. After all, sometimes it's equally important to know what doesn't work.
The bonus I got out of this experiment is the really pretty lip that basically reaffirmed my love for Suqqu Creamy Glow Lipsticks and Le Métier de Beauté Creme de la Creme. Not that they needed any, of course.
Products Used:
Shu Uemura Retractable Eyebrow Pencil in Seal Brown
Le Métier de Beauté Nouvelle Vague Eye Kit
Annabelle Le Big Show Mascara
RMS Beauty "Un" Cover-Up #22
RMS Beauty Living Luminizer
Benefit Dandelion
Suqqu Creamy Glow Lipstick 05 Suzumecha
Le Métier de Beauté Creme de la Creme Lip Creme


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Budget Summary
Chancellor Philip Hammond said he'd take a "balanced approach" to his second Budget of 2017. Once again the speech was light on headline-grabbing finance changes and there were no 'giveaways' or major surprises.
Instead, the chancellor focused on measures to prepare the economy for post-Brexit life. Raising productivity is key to boosting economic growth and wages, but growth has "remained stubbornly flat" and continues to be an issue.
In light of this, the Office for Budget Responsibility revised down its forecasts for growth. It expects GDP to grow by 1.5% in 2017 (down from 2% predicted at the Spring Budget in March) and 1.4% in 2018 (down from 1.6%).
To help address the problem, the National Productivity Investment Fund, which supports innovation and infrastructure, will be extended by a year and expanded to more than £31bn.
The chancellor also announced a range of investments, including:
- £3bn over 2 years to prepare for Brexit
- £30m to develop digital skills distance learning courses
- funding to support building 300,000 new homes a year by the mid-2020's
Significant announcements for businesses include the VAT thresholds remaining unchanged for 2 years, while business rates will increase using the CPI measure of inflation from April 2018.
For individuals, stamp duty has been abolished for most first-time buyers while increases to the personal allowance and the national living and minimum wage will be welcomed by many.
For further information on the Autumn Budget, please contact Tracy Jenkins on 023 8046 1202.


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We are right in the middle of pumpkin season and it was about time that I did something with them! Luckily with the weather cooling down, roasting is on the table again and roasting is my favourite way to cook pumpkin as it enhances and brings out it's flavour. Near the end of last winter I had an idea to do a butternut squash and gorgonzola quiche but since spring produce was already starting to show up I decided to just hold off on it and I have been waiting impatiently ever since. Now that the winter squash are once again here it was time to try making the quiche and now I was thinking that a pumpkin version would be even better!
Sweet roasted winter squash and creamy and tangy gorgonzola cheese is a flavour combo that I particularly enjoy and I have been using it in different dishes for a while now. The combo does not stop there though as sage makes an amazing addition and you really cannot go wrong throwing some caramelized onions into the mix as well. With those four ingredients I figured that this quiche would just be packed with flavour so all that remained was to decide on the crust. There are a lot of different ways that you can go for a quiche crust and this time I decided to go with a light an flaky phyllo crust.
With roasting the pumpkin and caramelizing the onions followed by baking the quiche, this recipe takes a bit of time but it is definitely worth it! Working with the phyllo dough can also be tricky but don't worry if it tears a bit as the multiple layers will work to cover up any tears and prevent the egg mixture from leaking out. Despite the time and working with the phyllo dough, this recipe is pretty straight forward and most of the time is not hands on so you can continue to do other things like reading food blogs while you make it. 🙂 This savoury roasted pumpkin quiche makes for a perfect breakfast, brunch or even a light dinner when paired with a salad and it would be a perfect morning treat on Thanksgiving or Halloween.
Roasted Pumpkin Quiche with Caramelized Onions, Gorgonzola and Sage
Tender roasted pumpkin, sweet caramelized onions, tangy gorgonzola and sage all baked in a quiche with a light, crispy and flaky phyllo crust.
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- 2 cups onion, sliced
- water as needed
- 2 cups pumpkin or butternut squash, peeled and cut into bite sized pieces
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- salt and pepper to taste
- 8 sheets phyllo dough, thawed as directed on package
- 1/4 cup olive oil
- 4 eggs, lightly beaten
- 1 cup half and half (or 1/2 milk and 1/2 heavy cream or 1 cup heavy cream)
- 2 ounces gorgonzola or other blue cheese, crumbled
- 1 tablespoon sage, thinly sliced
- Heat the oil in a pan over medium heat.
- Add the onions and saute until the onions are tender, about 10-15 minutes.
- Reduce the heat to just a bit below medium, add 1/4 cup water, cover and cook until the onions turn a deep golden brown, about 50 minutes. You will need to stir every 10 minutes for the first 30 minutes and every 5 minutes for the remaining time. (Add a bit more water if it starts to get to dry.)
- Meanwhile, toss the pumpkin with the olive oil and season with salt and pepper.
- Roast the pumpkin in a preheated 350F/180C oven until tender, about 30-40 minutes and set aside.
- Brush a sheet of phyllo pastry with the olive oil and fit it into the bottom of a greased 9 inch pie dish or spring-form pan with the ends hanging over the side of the pan and repeat with the remaining sheets placing them on top.
- Mix the onions, pumpkin, eggs, milk, gorgonzola and sage and pour it into the crust.
- Bake in a preheated 375F/190C oven until golden brown and set in the center, about 25-45 minutes.
Butternut Squash, Mushroom, Kale and Sausage Frittata
Caramelized Pear and Gorgonzola Quiche
Apple and Cheddar Quiche
Roasted Butternut Squash and Caramelized Onion Pizza with Gorgonzola and Crispy Fried Sage
Roasted Butternut Squash with Caramelized Onions, Gorgonzola and Crispy Fried Sage
Caramelized Pumpkin and Gorgonzola Salad
Guinness Braised Onion and Aged White Cheddar Quiche
Caprese Frittata
Spanakopita (Greek Spinach Pie)
Mushroom and Feta Phyllo Pie
Kolokithopita (Greek Zucchini Pie)
Agginaropita (Greek Artichoke Pie)
Mushroom and Goat Cheese Strudel with Balsamic Syrup
Tomato Tart
Apple and Cheddar Quiche
Galaktoboureko (Greek Custard Pie)
Chicken and Date Pastilla
Asparagus and Walnut Phyllo Pie (aka Asparagus Baklava) with Avgolemono Sauce
Strawberry Goat Cheese Banitsa
Lamb Exohiko (Lamb, Spinach and Cheese Stuffed Phyllo Parcels)
Fiddlehead and Gruyere Tart


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Medicare premiums are going up $5 a month in 2013, the government said Friday. It's less than expected, but still enough to eat up about one-fourth of a typical retiree's cost-of-living raise next year.
Medicare chief Marilyn Tavenner said the new "Part B" premium for outpatient care will be $104.90 a month. In most cases, it's deducted directly from a beneficiary's monthly Social Security check. Currently the premium is $99.90 a month.
Earlier this year, the government projected an increase of as much as $9 for 2013, but health care inflation has remained modest.
Still, advocates for the elderly didn't see much to cheer about, particularly since Medicare cuts are on the table in budget negotiations between President Barack Obama and Republicans in Congress. Obama has promised to protect beneficiaries, but even his plan calls for upper-income retirees to pay more.
"These increases aren't as big as projected, but they are still increases," said Joe Baker, president of the Medicare Rights Center, a New York-based advocacy group. "Our fear is that as policymakers discuss deficit reduction, they'll pile even more costs on to seniors."
High-income beneficiaries, those making above $85,000 a year individually or $170,000 for a couple, will face bigger increases. They will pay an additional $42 to $230.80 a month, depending on income. Most low-income beneficiaries have their premiums paid by Medicaid.
Tavenner also announced that Medicare's hospitalization deductible will increase by $28, to $1,184. The deductible is the amount a person must pay before health insurance kicks in. Many seniors have some form of additional coverage to handle their Medicare hospital deductible.
The annual deductible for outpatient care will increase by $7, to $147.
Coverage for outpatient care under Medicare Part B is optional, but more than 90 percent of the program's 52 million beneficiaries sign up. Medicare covers people 65 and older, the disabled and those with serious kidney disease.
Part B pays for office visits to doctors, preventive services and medical equipment. It's a good deal by any measure, since 75 percent of the cost is borne by taxpayers, with premiums set to cover the remaining 25 percent. Still, many beneficiaries are on tight budgets so the monthly premium is a closely watched indicator.
Last month the government announced a 1.7 percent cost-of-living increase for the 56 million Americans on Social Security. That works out to raises averaging $19 a month come January. The typical increase for retired workers will be slightly larger.
Obama's health care law reined in Medicare spending by curtailing payments to hospitals, insurers, drug companies and other service providers. Democrats want to focus the next round of cuts on providers, particularly pharmaceutical companies. But Republicans are looking for more significant changes in the program, such as increasing the eligibility age to 67.
The health care law improved preventive care for Medicare recipients and cut costs for people with high prescription drug bills. It also initiated a multitude of experiments on how to deliver quality care at lower cost for taxpayers. And it set up a cost control board to limit future increases in Medicare spending. — AP