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Topic Overview
What is schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia is an illness that can affect your ability to think clearly, manage your emotions, and interact with others. It affects each person differently.
The way other people react to schizophrenia can make a difference in how schizophrenia affects you. It can make it easier or harder for you to cope with the illness.
Most people who have schizophrenia:
- Hear and sometimes see things that aren't there (hallucinations).
- Often believe some things that aren't true (delusions).
- May think that some people are trying to harm them (paranoia).
With treatment, they may come to understand that these experiences aren't real but are a problem with how their brains work.
Some people with schizophrenia have paranoid thinking, which causes them to have frightening thoughts, to believe that people or forces are trying to harm them, and to hear voices. Some people think that schizophrenia is the same as a "split personality" (dissociative identity disorder), but that is a different mental health problem.
Living with schizophrenia can cause many challenges. It's a difficult disease. It changes your life and the lives of your family. But you can live a full and meaningful life if:
- You are willing to work at helping yourself.
- You get professional help.
- You have the support and understanding of your family.
What causes schizophrenia?
Experts don't know what causes schizophrenia. It may have different causes for different people.
- In some people, brain chemistry and brain structure aren't normal.
- Family history may play a role.
- Problems that harm a baby's brain during pregnancy may help cause it.
It is not caused by anything you did, by personal weakness, or by the way your parents raised you.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of schizophrenia include:
Negative symptoms. "Negative" doesn't mean "bad." Negative symptoms are things that are "lost" from your personality or how you experience life. You may:
- Not care about things.
- Have no interest or drive to do things.
- Not take care of yourself, such as not bathing or not eating regularly.
- Find it hard to say how you feel.
- Become angry with strangers for no reason and react to others in other harmful ways.
Positive symptoms. "Positive" doesn't mean "good." Positive symptoms are things "added" or "new" to your personality or how you experience life. They include:
- Hallucinations.
- Delusions.
- Thoughts and speech that are confusing.
Cognitive symptoms. These symptoms have to do with how you think. They often aren't obvious to you or others. They can include:
- Memory loss.
- Not being able to understand things well enough to make decisions.
- Having trouble talking clearly to others.
Symptoms usually start when you are a teen or a young adult, but they may start later in life. They may appear suddenly or may develop slowly. You may not be aware of your symptoms.
Negative symptoms usually appear first. They may be hard to recognize as schizophrenia, because they are similar to symptoms of other problems, such as depression. Positive symptoms can start days, months, or years after the negative symptoms.
Early signs of schizophrenia may include doing worse in school, thinking that people are trying to harm you, or having changes in your personality, such as not wanting to see people.
These signs don't mean you have schizophrenia. But if you notice these signs, see a doctor.
How is schizophrenia diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask you questions about your health and about any odd experiences you may have had, such as hearing voices or having confusing thoughts. You will have a physical examination. Your doctor also may suggest tests, such as blood tests or imaging tests, to see if your symptoms may be caused by another health problem.
How is it treated?
Medicines help your symptoms, and counselling and therapy help you change how you think about things and deal with the illness. Treatment may last a long time.
When you have your symptoms under control, you are in recovery. Recovery usually is a lifelong process. In the recovery process, you learn to cope with your symptoms and challenges, find and meet your goals, and get the support you need. Your recovery depends upon a partnership between you, your doctors, and others who are important in your life.
People who have schizophrenia often stop treatment. This may be because they don't understand that they have an illness or because the medicines cause side effects. When treatment stops, symptoms usually come back (relapse) or get worse. A relapse might happen right after treatment is stopped or months later. A later relapse makes it hard to see that stopping the medicine was the cause. During a relapse, some people who have schizophrenia may need to spend time in a hospital.
How can family and friends help?
Having schizophrenia can be a scary experience, and knowing that someone you love has this illness changes your life. Show love, and learn as much as you can about the illness. Understand that the behaviour you may see is caused by the illness and is not the person you love.
If you think that someone you love has schizophrenia, help that person get to a doctor. The sooner the illness is diagnosed and the person begins treatment, the more successful treatment and recovery may be.
You can help by talking to your loved one and helping him or her continue treatment. You also can help your loved one deal with fear and other feelings about the illness and with the negative attitudes that some people have toward schizophrenia.
Experts don't know what causes schizophrenia. It may have different causes for different people.
- Genetics: Your chances of getting schizophrenia are greater if your parent, brother, or sister has it. But most people who have a family member with schizophrenia don't get it.
- Brain chemistry and structure: It's possible that neurotransmitters, which send messages between parts of the brain, don't work the right way in people who have schizophrenia.
- Problems during pregnancy: Schizophrenia may be related to problems during the mother's pregnancy that can harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system. These problems include poor nutrition or a viral infection during pregnancy.
Schizophrenia is not caused by anything you did, by personal weakness or bad choices, or by the way your parents raised you.
The symptoms of schizophrenia can be negative, positive, or cognitive.
Negative symptoms
"Negative" doesn't mean "bad." Negative symptoms are things that are "lost" from your personality or how you experience life. You may:
- Find little or no pleasure in life. You may not enjoy things you once enjoyed, such as playing sports or video games or visiting with friends. This is a common symptom of schizophrenia.
- Feel like you have no emotions. You may not smile or frown, make eye contact, or use other facial cues that show how you feel.
- Have a hard time focusing or paying attention. You may not understand how to use information well, so you may feel confused. You may not have complete thoughts.
- Not be interested in succeeding or meeting goals. Many people with schizophrenia don't do well at work or in school.
- Not take care of yourself. You may not bother to wash, do laundry, eat on a regular basis, or clean your living space.
Positive symptoms
"Positive" doesn't mean "good." Positive symptoms are things "added" or "new" to your personality or how you experience life because of schizophrenia. You may:
- Have hallucinations . Most people with schizophrenia hear noises or voices that aren't there. Some people with the illness also may see, taste, touch, or smell things that aren't there.
- Have delusions, which are ideas that aren't true. For example, you may think that you are a powerful person or that the police or demons want to harm you or cause problems for you.
- Act oddly. You may become very excited or angry with other people. You may have odd body movements, such as often rocking back and forth or making faces.
- Show emotions that don't fit the situation. For example, you may smile when talking about sad topics or laugh at the wrong time.
- Not be able to keep your thoughts straight and not make sense to others when you talk. For example, when someone asks you a question, you may give an answer that doesn't make sense, not be able to say much, or only give one-word answers.
Cognitive and other symptoms
Other symptoms include:
- Cognitive symptoms. These symptoms affect how you think. They include memory loss and not being able to understand things well enough to make decisions. Cognitive symptoms often aren't obvious to you or others.
- Specific behaviour changes. Some symptoms of schizophrenia may cause certain behaviours, such as being afraid with little reason, standing in awkward positions for a long time, or making up words.
What Happens
Symptoms of schizophrenia usually start in the late teens to mid-20s for men and the late 20s to 30s for women. The symptoms may start suddenly or happen gradually.
Childhood schizophrenia is rare.
There are four stages of schizophrenia: prodromal phase, active or acute phase, remission, and relapse.
Prodromal phase
Schizophrenia usually starts with this phase, when symptoms are vague and easy to miss. They are often the same as symptoms of other mental health problems, such as depression or other anxiety disorders. They may not seem unusual for teens or young adults. In fact, schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed at this time.
Symptoms are sometimes triggered by stress or changes, such as going away to school, starting to use drugs or alcohol, or going through a severe illness or a death in the family.
These first symptoms often include being withdrawn, outbursts of anger, or odd behaviour. For more information, see Symptoms.
This phase can last for days, months, or years.
Active, or acute, phase
At some point you start to have symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, or confusing thoughts and speech.
These symptoms may appear suddenly or slowly over time. They can be severe and can cause a psychotic episode, which means you can't tell the difference between what is real and what isn't real.
You may need to go to the hospital. You probably won't be able to make many decisions about your care.
This phase usually lasts 4 to 8 weeks. This is when schizophrenia usually is diagnosed.
Remission and relapse
After an active phase, symptoms get better, especially with treatment, and life may be more "normal." This is called remission. But symptoms may get worse again, which is called a relapse. You may have this cycle of symptoms that get severe and then improve.
In each cycle, symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions may become less intense, but other symptoms, such as feeling less interested in caring for yourself, may get worse. You may have few or many cycles before you are able to stay in remission.
Within 5 to 10 years, you may develop a unique pattern of illness that often stays the same throughout your life. It also is possible that you will have fewer relapses as you get older and may even not have symptoms.
Tips for avoiding relapse
- Learn how to recognize the first signs of relapse, such as not wanting to do things with others, and have a plan to deal with it and get help right away.
- If you need help deciding whether to see your doctor, read about some of the reasons people don't get help and how to overcome them.
- Take your medicine, even if you're feeling better. This makes a relapse less likely. Learn some ways to help you remember to take your medicine.
- If side effects are making your life hard, talk with your doctor to see whether you can try a different medicine.
- Stay in counselling or therapy, and continue with your recovery plan.
Special concerns
Watch these areas for problems:
- Thoughts of suicide or thoughts about harming yourself or others. If you think about these things, call your doctoror 9-1-1 right away. Tell family and friends how to recognize the warning signs of suicide, such as threatening to harm yourself and being preoccupied with death or suicide, and warning signs of violence toward others, such as thinking or talking about harming someone or becoming aggressive.
- Social concerns, such as other people's attitudes. People who don't understand schizophrenia or other mental health problems may treat you differently. Find family and friends who want to support you and help you with relationships. Help them understand schizophrenia.
- Smoking. Many people who have schizophrenia smoke cigarettes. This may be because smoking helps with some of the symptoms. But smoking makes other illnesses, such as cancer and heart disease, more likely.
- Having a baby . If you have schizophrenia and want to have a baby, talk to your doctor. Medicines that you take for schizophrenia can cause birth defects, and not taking your medicine puts you at risk for a relapse. Your doctor can help you plan your pregnancy so there will be as little risk as possible to you and your baby.
- Substance use disorder. Many people who have schizophrenia use alcohol or drugs. When you have schizophrenia and substance use disorder, it's called a dual diagnosis. Talk with your doctor or another trusted person about getting help for substance use.
- Other health problems. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart and lung problems may occur along with schizophrenia.
What Increases Your Risk
Schizophrenia is a complex illness. Experts don't know what causes it or why some people get it and others don't. But some things increase your chances of getting it. These are called risk factors.
You may be at risk for schizophrenia if:
- Your mother, father, brother, or sister has schizophrenia.
- Your mother had certain problems while she was pregnant with you. For example, if your mother didn't get enough to eat (malnutrition), had a viral infection, or took certain medicines for high blood pressure, you may be at increased risk.
- You or a family member have another disorder that is like schizophrenia. An example of this is a delusional disorder, which means you believe things that you know are false.
- You have a substance use disorder. Experts don't know if substance use triggers schizophrenia or if schizophrenia makes a person more likely to have this problem.
When To Call
Call 9-1-1 or other emergency services if you (or a loved one with schizophrenia):
- Are thinking about suicide or are threatening suicide.
- Hear voices that tell you to hurt yourself or someone else or to do something illegal, such as destroy property or steal.
- Notice warning signs of violence toward others, such as thinking or talking about harming someone or becoming aggressive.
Where to get help 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
If you or someone you know talks about suicide, self-harm, a mental health crisis, a substance use crisis, or any other kind of emotional distress, get help right away.
- Call Talk Suicide Canada: 1-833-456-4566 or text 45645 (4 p.m. to midnight ET).
- Kids or teens can call Kids Help Phone: 1-800-668-6868 or text CONNECT to 686868.
- Go to the Talk Suicide Canada website at https://talksuicide.ca or the Kids Help Phone website at https://kidshelpphone.ca for more information.
Consider saving these numbers in your phone.
Call a doctor if you (or a loved one with schizophrenia):
- Have a sudden change in behaviour, such as refusing to eat because you think someone has poisoned your food.
- Have experiences that don't usually occur, such as hearing someone calling your name when no one is there.
- Have a hard time taking care of basic needs, such as grooming, or become confused doing simple chores or tasks.
- Show signs of schizophrenia, such as talking to people who aren't there or believing things that you know are false.
- Show the first signs of relapse, such as finding it hard to focus or withdrawing from other people.
Examinations and Tests
Your doctor will ask you questions about your medical history and your mental health and about any odd experiences you may have had, such as hearing voices or having confusing thoughts. You also will have a physical examination.
Your doctor also may suggest tests to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms or to diagnose other schizophrenia disorders. These tests may include blood tests and a CT scan or MRI. The CT scan or MRI will check the size, structure, and function of your brain.
If your doctor thinks you are depressed or are thinking about suicide, he or she may ask you more questions to see if you are at risk for suicide.
Schizophrenia is diagnosed when:footnote 1
- You have had at least two of the following symptoms and they lasted for at least 1 month. One of your symptoms must be hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized speech.
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganized speech, such as not making sense to others when you talk
- Very disorganized or catatonic behaviour, such as sitting or standing in unusual positions for a long time
- Negative symptoms, such as having no emotion, not being able to feel pleasure, or having a hard time focusing
- You have had milder symptoms, such as odd beliefs or confusion, for at least 6 months.
- You have problems doing your job right or dealing with other people or problems in other areas of your life.
- Your symptoms aren't caused by other mental or physical health problems, a medicine you're taking, or substance use disorder.
Treatment Overview
Finding out that you have schizophrenia can be scary and hard to deal with. But you can treat it.
The goals of treatment and recovery are to:
- Reduce or stop symptoms.
- Reduce the number of relapses.
- Develop a personal plan for your recovery by setting and meeting goals for home, work, and relationships.
Medicines help your symptoms. And counselling and therapy help you change how you think about things and deal with the illness.
If medicine and therapy aren't helping you, your doctor may suggest electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In this procedure, your doctor uses electricity to create a brief and mild seizure. This may change your brain chemistry and help your symptoms.
If you struggle with alcohol, drugs, or tobacco or have other mental health problems, such as depression, you need to treat these problems too.
Treatment may last a long time, and the need to follow a recovery plan usually lasts for your lifetime. Your treatment and recovery plan may change as your experience of schizophrenia and your life change.
When schizophrenia is not treated, the risks are higher for suicide, a hospital stay, and other problems. Early treatment may help a person who is having his or her first episode of psychotic thoughts. Ask your doctor about early treatment.
Medicines are the treatment that works best for schizophrenia, and you may be taking more than one at a time. They may be used for positive or negative symptoms, but they don't work as well for negative symptoms as they do for positive symptoms.
It may take time to find which medicines are best for you. This may be frustrating. Getting support from your family, your friends, and a community-based rehabilitation program is helpful, especially while you and your doctor are trying to find the best medicines. It also may help to speak with and get support from others who have had trouble finding the right medicines.
If you stop taking your medicines, you may have a relapse. Don't stop taking your medicines until you talk with your doctor. If you and your health care team decide you should stop using medicine, you will need to be checked on a regular basis.
Medicine choices
Medicines used most often to treat schizophrenia include:
- Antipsychotic medicines, such as aripiprazole, clozapine, and haloperidol.
These medicines often are used along with the medicines listed above:
- Antianxiety medicines, such as clonazepam and diazepam.
- Antidepressants such as amitriptyline, citalopram, desipramine, escitalopram, and fluoxetine.
Side effects
Because of side effects or the risk of side effects, you may be tempted to stop using your medicine. But if you stop using medicine, the symptoms of schizophrenia may come back or get worse.
If you have any concerns about side effects, talk to your doctor. He or she will work with you. Your doctor may give you a smaller dose of the antipsychotic medicine, have you try another antipsychotic medicine, or give you another medicine to treat the side effect.
Some side effects of antipsychotic medicines can be serious.
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but life-threatening side effect of antipsychotics. The first signs usually include a fever between 38.9 °C (102 °F) and 39.4 °C (102.9 °F), a fast or irregular heartbeat, rapid breathing, and severe sweating.
- Tardive dyskinesia is body movement that you can't control.
- Type 2 diabetes might develop as a result of weight gain caused by some antipsychotics. Some antipsychotics may also increase insulin resistance.
You may need regular blood tests to check for side effects. Children, teens, and older adults may need to have blood tests more often than other people.
Counselling and Therapy
Counselling and therapy are important parts of treatment. You will work with a mental health professional such as a psychologist, a licensed professional counsellor, a clinical social worker, or a psychiatrist.
Find a therapist you trust and feel comfortable with. A good therapist not only provides help but gives you support and encouragement. If you don't feel good about working with one doctor or therapist, try another one.
Here are some types of therapy that may help:
Cognitive-behavioural therapy
helps you to:
- Change the way you think about things.
- Understand why it's important to prevent a relapse and take steps to do so.
can take place one-on-one or in a group setting.
- It helps you improve your relationships, deal with your symptoms, and meet your goals.
- Group counselling also helps you make friends and learn social skills.
Family therapy
is a type of counselling that helps you and your family work out problems when they occur.
- It usually includes education about schizophrenia and its treatment.
- It's important, because your family can play a large role in supporting you if you have schizophrenia.
When you have schizophrenia, you need more than medicines and counselling to move forward with your life. You need to partner with your health care team to find and meet your personal goals. This life-long partnering is known as recovery.
Recovery isn't the same as being cured, and it doesn't mean that you will be symptom-free. It is being able to live a full life and enjoy favourite activities with as little trouble as possible from your symptoms. Recovery may help you manage your symptoms so that you can be an active member of your community.
Education, support, and training in social and job skills all are important parts of your treatment and recovery. For example:
- Learning about schizophrenia can improve the quality of your life and the lives of those who care about you.
- Job training may help you find a job that interests you and that you can be successful in. This can help with finances and self-esteem.
- Social skills training can help you develop life skills such as learning to communicate, managing frustration, and coping. It may include cognitive enhancement therapy, which may help you improve how well you understand and deal with other people.
- Case management and assertive community treatment can help you organize the many different parts of treatment and recovery. You receive this kind of help at your home. You don't have to go anywhere special to get it.
- Support groups give you the chance to talk with people who are going through the same things you are.
It may be hard to understand and accept that you have an illness, and it's easy to become discouraged. You can help yourself by focusing on your recovery goals and learning to see schizophrenia as one part of your life, not your entire life. Make managing schizophrenia well one of the many successes in your life.
You have schizophrenia, but like other people, you have wishes and goals for your life. You most likely want healthy relationships with your partner, family, and friends. You may want a job that gives you a sense of self-worth.
Your family and community can support you and help you meet your goals.
- Your family can help you get the right treatment, deal with your symptoms, and get along in your community. Family therapy is an important part of this.
- Social support and support groups give you the chance to talk with people who are going through the same things you are.
- Case management and assertive community treatment can help you deal with the many different parts of treatment and recovery. If you feel overwhelmed, ask your doctor or therapist about these programs.
- Your local or provincial health unit may have programs to help you. The Schizophrenia Society of Canada provides contact information for support organizations nationwide at www.schizophrenia.ca/provincial.php. And the Canadian Mental Health Association's website at http://www.cmha.ca/get-involved/find-your-cmha also provides contact information for support organization nationwide.
If your symptoms come back, it's called a relapse. Anyone with schizophrenia can have a relapse, but it may happen much more often when you don't take your medicine.
You can help prevent a relapse by taking your medicine, going to your counselling sessions, being active in your own recovery, and not drinking alcohol or using illegal drugs.
If you are having trouble taking your medicine or feel that you don't need to, talk to your doctor or another trusted person. Your doctor may be able to change the medicine or how much you take. A partner or spouse may help you find ways to remember to take the medicine.
A healthy lifestyle
The symptoms of schizophrenia can make it easy to forget some of the basics of good health. But it's important to try to have a healthy lifestyle.
Here are some things to do:
- Avoid drugs and alcohol. Having substance use disorder makes treating schizophrenia harder. If you have substance use disorder, you need to treat both problems to help your recovery.
- Exercise and be active . Exercise can help relieve anxiety, depression, and stress. Exercise and activity also make other diseases, such as heart disease or diabetes, less likely.
- Relieve stress . Reducing stress may mean fewer relapses.
- Get enough sleep . This is very important. Sleep can help your mood and make you feel less stressed.
- Eat a balanced diet . This helps your body deal with tension and stress.
- Stop smoking, if you smoke. Smoking increases the risk for other diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. For information on how to stop smoking, see the topic Quitting Smoking.
For Family and Friends
Schizophrenia affects everyone around the person who has the illness. It can be hard to watch a family member or friend develop symptoms and perhaps act in very different ways.
You may feel helpless, but you play an important role in the life and treatment of a loved one who has schizophrenia.
What you can do
- Learn about schizophrenia. Understand what happens in schizophrenia and how you and your loved one can cope with it. This may make it easier for you and your loved one to work together on treatment.
- Work together as a family . You and your family may benefit from therapy even if your loved one doesn't want to participate.
- Help during hallucinations and paranoia . Call for help if you think the situation could become dangerous.
- Encourage the person to take medicines .
- Be aware of your own and other people's negative attitudes toward the illness and your loved one.
You can also help the person with good health habits, like getting enough sleep and avoiding alcohol and drugs.
Sometimes people who have schizophrenia are too sick to seek treatment on their own. If the symptoms are severe, you may have to force the person to get treatment. Talk with your health care providers and/or local law enforcement officials about the laws and procedures in your area for getting treatment in this situation. If you have this information before you need it, it will reduce your fears and concerns and may make it easier for you.
Emergency help
Some people who have schizophrenia may become aggressive or violent at times. Call 9-1-1 or other emergency help if you notice:
- Warning signs of suicide, such as the person threatening to harm himself or herself and being preoccupied with death or suicide.
- Warning signs of violence toward others, such as thinking or talking about harming someone or becoming aggressive.
Helping yourself
Supporting or caring for someone who has schizophrenia isn't easy. Finding your own support can help you deal with the illness and the sense of loss you may feel.
- Take care of yourself . Do things you enjoy, such as seeing family or going to movies.
- Don't feel that you need to do everything possible to help a loved one who has schizophrenia. Remember that you need to respect the wishes and choices of your loved one, unless those wishes and choices are dangerous. Everyone learns from a wrong choice or mistake. Recovery may be faster if your loved one believes that family members trust him or her with decision making.
- Don't do it alone. Ask others to help you, or join a support group. The more support you have, the more help you can give.
- Get help from a local organization. Your city or province may have programs to help you. Ask at your local or provincial health unit. The Schizophrenia Society of Canada provides contact information for support organizations nationwide at www.schizophrenia.ca/provincial.php. The Canadian Mental Health Association also provides contact information for support organization nationwide at www.cmha.ca/get-involved/find-your-cmha.
For more information, see the topic Caregiver Tips.
Related Information
- American Psychiatric Association (2013). Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., pp. 87–122. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Current as of: October 20, 2022
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine
Donald Sproule MDCM, CCFP - Family Medicine
Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine
Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine
E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine
Lisa S. Weinstock MD - Psychiatry
Christine R. Maldonado PhD - Behavioral Health
Current as of: October 20, 2022
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine & Donald Sproule MDCM, CCFP - Family Medicine & Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine & Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine & E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine & Lisa S. Weinstock MD - Psychiatry & Christine R. Maldonado PhD - Behavioral Health
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Learn how we develop our content.
Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.
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Thanks to Townhall.com's Guy Benson, one of the hotter stories of the morning here in Tampa seems to be that actor/director/American icon Clint Eastwood is reportedly coming to the Republican National Convention and may be the "to be announced" speaker on Thursday night's schedule.
Which would, of course, make Mitt Romney's big day — when he accepts his party's presidential nomination — a bit bigger. (Feel free to add other references to famous Eastwood quotes in the comments thread.)
But don't count on Dirty Harry showing up on stage just yet.
The Daily Caller points out that other names have been floated as possibilities:
-- Connecticut Sen. Joe Lieberman, the Democrat-turned-independent, who showed up at the 2008 GOP convention to support Sen. John McCain.
-- Former Secretary of State Colin Powell, a Republican who endorsed Democrat Barack Obama in 2008.
-- Former first lady Nancy Reagan, who has endorsed Romney's bid for the White House.
-- NFL quarterback Tim Tebow, who has thrilled many sports fans with his exploits on the field and many conservative Christians for not being afraid to show his faith.
There's even been talk about developer/reality TV star Donald Trump as possibly being the so-called mystery speaker, according to The Hill.
And while Townhall's Benson says he's been told by a "well-placed Republican source" that Eastwood will be here for the last day of the convention, that source couldn't confirm that Eastwood will be speaking. Still, Benson's connecting of the dots has set off such speculation. Romney and Republican officials, meanwhile, have been mum about even the existence of a mystery speaker.
An appearance here might appease some conservatives who were critical of the Super Bowl ad that Eastwood did for Chrysler — which some interpreted as being some sort of shout-out to President Obama.
We'll keep an eye out for developments on this important story.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.

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United States California Mendocino County
Of all the New World wine countries, perhaps the one which has demonstrated the most flair for producing high quality wines - using a combination of traditional and forward-thinking contemporary methods - has been the United States of America. For the past couple of centuries, the United States has set about transforming much of its suitable land into vast vineyards, capable of supporting a wide variety of world-class grape varietals which thrive on both the Atlantic and the Pacific coastlines. Of course, we immediately think of sun-drenched California in regards to American wines, with its enormous vineyards responsible for the New World's finest examples of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot based wines, but many other states have taken to viticulture in a big way, with impressive results. Oregon, Washington State and New York have all developed sophisticated and technologically advanced wine cultures of their own, and the output of U.S wineries is increasing each year as more and more people are converted to their produce.
California as a wine producing region has grown in size and importance considerably over the past couple of centuries, and today is the proud producer of more than ninety percent of the United States' wines. Indeed, if California was a country, it would be the fourth largest producer of wine in the world, with a vast range of vineyards covering almost half a million acres. The secret to California's success as a wine region has a lot to do with the high quality of its soils, and the fact that it has an extensive Pacific coastline which perfectly tempers the blazing sunshine it experiences all year round. The winds coming off the ocean cool the vines, and the natural valleys and mountainsides which make up most of the state's wine regions make for ideal areas in which to cultivate a variety of high quality grapes.


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Almonds are delicious – my favorite kind of nut. I also love honey – when I was little, my mom used to mix honey and lime juice and feed me by spoonfuls when I had colds and coughs.
Put almonds and honey together and you'll have a super delicious combo.
It's like De Niro and Scorsese. They are both wonderful, but when they are together... Magic is made.
Hey, Marty, enough with the DiCaprio obsession, ok? Start calling Bobby to work with you again.
Honey-almond coffee cake
from Coffee Cakes: Simple, Sweet, and Savory
1 package (2 ¼ teaspoons) active dry yeast
¼ cup (60ml) warm water (105º to 115ºF/40º to 46ºC)
pinch of granulated sugar + 1/3 cup (67g)
½ cup (120ml) milk
8 tablespoons (1 stick/113g) unsalted butter, room temperature
½ teaspoon salt
2 ½ to 2 ¾ cups (350 to 385g) unbleached all purpose or bread flour – I used 400g all purposed flour
3 large eggs
2 tablespoons grated lemon zest
1 teaspoon almond extract
Almond topping:
1/3 cup (58g) firmly packed light brown sugar
2 tablespoons honey
2 tablespoons (28g) unsalted butter, room temperature
2 tablespoons heavy cream
¾ cup sliced almonds
In a small bowl, sprinkle the yeast over the water, sprinkle with the pinch of sugar and stir to dissolve. Let stand until foamy, about 10 minutes.
In a small saucepan, heat the milk and butter over low heat until the butter melts. Combine the 1/3 cup sugar and the salt in a large bowl and pour the milk mixture over; let cool to warm, 105º to 115ºF/40º to 46ºC. Stir in the yeast mixture. Using a wooden spoon or a heavy-duty electric mixer, add 1 cup of the flour and beat until smooth. Add the eggs and beat until blended. Beat in the lemon zest and almond extract. Gradually add enough of the remaining 1 ½ to 1 ¾ cups flour to make a soft dough. Turn the dough out onto a floured board and knead until smooth and elastic, 8-10 minutes – the dough was too soft for kneading and to avoid adding more flour I did the whole process using my Kitchen Aid with the hook attachment.
Place the dough in a lightly buttered bowl, turn to coat and cover with plastic wrap or a damp tea towel - I did not turn it, since it was very soft- I just lightly sprinkled the top with flour to avoid sticking. Let rise in a warm place until doubled in size, about 1 ½ hours.
Butter a 12 inch (30cm) round cake pan, preferably with a removable bottom.
Punch down the dough. Turn out onto a floured board and knead lightly until smooth, 1-2 minutes. Place the dough on the prepare pan and press it with your fingers until it occupies the whole pan. Cover with a tea towel and let rise until doubled in size, about 1 hour.
Preheat the oven to 180ºC/350ºF. Bake the bread for 15 minutes.
Meanwhile, make the almond topping: in a small saucepan, combine the brown sugar, honey, butter and cream. Place over medium heat and cook, stirring, until thickened, about 3 minutes. Stir in the almonds. Remove the bread from the oven and carefully spread the topping over it. Bake for 10-15 minutes longer, or until nicely browned – since the topping made the bread brown already, I inserted a knife into it to check for doneness.
Let cool for 5 minutes, then unmold right side up on a wire rack and let cool completely.
Cut into wedges to serve.
Makes one 12-inch cake, serves 10-12


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Traditional retailers and cash-strapped states face a tough sell in the House as they lobby Congress to limit tax-free shopping on the Internet.
The Senate voted 69 to 27 Monday to pass a bill that empowers states to collect sales taxes from Internet purchases. Under the bill, states could require out-of-state retailers to collect sales taxes when they sell products over the Internet, in catalogs, and through radio and TV ads. The sales taxes would be sent to the states where a shopper lives.
Current law says states can only require retailers to collect sales taxes if the merchant has a physical presence in the state.
That means big retailers with stores all over the country like Wal-Mart, Best Buy and Target collect sales taxes when they sell goods over the Internet. But online retailers like eBay and Amazon don't have to collect sales taxes, except in states where they have offices or distribution centers.
"This bill is about fairness," said Sen. Mike Enzi, R-Wyo., the bill's main sponsor in the Senate. "It's about leveling the playing field between the brick and mortar and online companies and it's about collecting a tax that's already due. It's not about raising taxes."
The bill got bipartisan support in the Senate but faces opposition in the House, where some lawmakers regard it as a tax increase. Grover Norquist, the anti-tax advocate, and the conservative Heritage Foundation oppose the bill, and many Republicans have been wary of crossing them.
Supporters say the bill is not a tax increase. In many states, shoppers are required to pay unpaid sales tax when they file their state tax returns. However, states complain that few taxpayers comply.
"Obviously there's a lot of consumers out there that have been accustomed to not having to pay any taxes, believing that they don't have to pay any taxes," said Rep. Steve Womack, R-Ark., the bill's main sponsor in the House. "I totally understand that, and I think a lot of our members understand that. There's a lot of political difficulty getting through the fog of it looking like a tax increase."
House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, has not commented publicly about the bill, giving supporters hope that he could be won over. Rep. Bob Goodlatte, R-Va., chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, which would have jurisdiction over the bill, has cited problems with the legislation but not rejected it outright.
"While it attempts to make tax collection simpler, it still has a long way to go," Goodlatte said in a statement. Without more uniformity in the bill, he said, "businesses would still be forced to wade through potentially hundreds of tax rates and a host of different tax codes and definitions."
Goodlatte said he's "open to considering legislation concerning this topic but these issues, along with others, would certainly have to be addressed."
Internet giant eBay led the fight against the bill in the Senate, along with lawmakers from states with no sales tax and several prominent anti-tax groups. The bill's opponents say it would put an expensive obligation on small businesses because they are not as equipped as national merchandisers to collect and remit sales taxes at the multitude of state rates.
Businesses with less than $1 million in online sales would be exempt. EBay wants to exempt businesses with up to $10 million in sales or fewer than 50 employees.
"The contentious debate in the Senate shows that a lot more work needs to be done to get the Internet sales tax issue right, including ensuring that small businesses using the Internet are protected from new burdens that harm their ability to compete and grow," said Brian Bieron, eBay's senior director of global public policy.
Some states have sales taxes as high as 7 percent, plus city and county taxes that can push the combined rate even higher.
Many governors — Republicans and Democrats — have been lobbying the federal government for years for the authority to collect sales taxes from online sales.
The issue is getting bigger for states as more people make purchases online. Last year, Internet sales in the U.S. totaled $226 billion, up nearly 16 percent from the previous year, according to government estimates.
States lost a total of $23 billion last year because they couldn't collect taxes on out-of-state sales, according to a study done for the National Conference of State Legislatures, which has lobbied for the bill. About half of that was lost from Internet sales; half from purchases made through catalogs, mail orders and telephone orders, the study said.
Supporters say the bill makes it relatively easy for Internet retailers to comply. States must provide free computer software to help retailers calculate sales taxes, based on where shoppers live. States must also establish a single entity to receive Internet sales tax revenue, so retailers don't have to send it to individual counties or cities.
Opponents worry the bill would give states too much power to reach across state lines to enforce their tax laws. States could audit out-of-state businesses, impose liens on their property and, ultimately, sue them in state court.
Follow Stephen Ohlemacher on Twitter: https://twitter.com/stephenatap
Copyright © 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2013 Capitol Hill Blue


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Indian Language Courses in Barejadi, Ahmedabad
Whether you are travelling to a new state or just want to learn an Indian language, we can help. Take one of our language courses and learn it.
Let us connect you with the Best Home Tutors. Just tell us your requirements for home tuitions.


text:
WASHINGTON – Responding to the Turkish Prime Minister Erdogan's action in blocking access to Twitter in Turkey, U.S. Rep. Chris Smith (NJ-04), Co-Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, released the following statement:
"I urge the Prime Minister to answer his critics directly rather than try to silence them. This would show respect for the Turkish people and for his responsibilities as an elected official. In recent years the Turkish government has shown a troubling propensity to target journalists as well as Web sites and social media, as has been amply documented by the United States government and independent human rights monitors. Blocking Twitter violates Turkey's commitments in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to free expression and freedom of the media."
According to reports, Prime Minister Erdogan used court orders to block Twitter in Turkey on Thursday, March 21. The Prime Minister himself has a Twitter account, however, as does the President, who tweeted his hope that the ban would be short-lived. The U.S. Department of State reports comprehensively on human rights in Turkey in its annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. Co-Chairman Smith is also the Chairman of the House panel that oversees human rights worldwide and the author of the Global Online Freedom Act, H.R. 491, human rights legislation that would promote Internet freedom around the world.


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Notice: This Wiki is now read only and edits are no longer possible. Please see: https://gitlab.eclipse.org/eclipsefdn/helpdesk/-/wikis/Wiki-shutdown-plan for the plan.
Version Numbering
These guidelines have been revised in 2006 for the Europa Simultaneous Release, and revised again in 2009 for the Galileo Simultaneous Release.
Guidelines on versioning plug-ins
This document contains a set of guidelines expressing how to evolve plug-in version numbers in a way that captures the nature of the changes that have been made.
Reminder: In Eclipse, version numbers are composed of four (4) segments: 3 integers and a string respectively named major.minor.service.qualifier.
Each segment captures a different intent:
- the major segment indicates breakage in the API
- the minor segment indicates "externally visible" changes
- the service segment indicates bug fixes and the change of development stream (the semantics attached to development stream is new to this proposal, see below)
- the qualifier segment indicates a particular build
When to change the major segment
The major segment number must be increased when a plug-in makes breaking changes to its API. When the major segment is changed the minor and service segments are reset to 0. See Evolving Java-based APIs for details on what constitutes a breaking change.
Example: From the version 2.2.7, an incompatible change would lead to 3.0.0. By definition, such changes should not be made when working in a maintenance stream.
When to change the minor segment
The minor segment number must be incremented when a plug-in changes in an "externally visible" way. Examples of externally visible changes include binary compatible API changes, an updated BREE (Bundle-RequiredExecutionEnvironment), significant performance changes, major code rework, adding a new extension point, changing files with a somewhat unclear API status (e.g. changing icons from gif to png), etc. Another way to know when this version number should be changed is by exclusion: it should indicate changes that are neither bug fixes (indicated by the service segment) nor breaking API changes (indicated by the major segment). When the minor segment is changed, the service segment is reset to 0.
Example: From the version 2.2.7, a minor change would lead to 2.3.0.
API changes in a maintenance branch are not recommended. If they happen, the minor version will not be increased. The usual service segment increase also applies to this case. The PDE API Tools errors have to be suppressed.
When to change the service segment
The service segment number must be incremented whenever there have been changes to a plug-in between releases that are not visible in its API. For example, a bug has been fixed in the code, the plug-in manifest has changed, documentation has changed, compiler settings have changed. In general, if that change happens in a service (a.k.a. maintenance) release, then 1 is added. If it happens for the next official release, 100 has to be added. As a result, the service segment number for official releases normally ends with a zero (0, 100, 200, etc.). If that is not true for whatever reason, then one must not add 100 but instead set the service segment number to the next number that is divisible by 100, so that the normal numbering scheme is restored. This practice makes it easy to manage one line of descent after a release and still guarantee that plug-ins coming in the next release will have a higher version number than ones from maintenance releases (thus enabling the usage of update manager from maintenance releases to the new releases).
Example: At the end of the development stream N, the version of the plug-in P is 2.4.0. When P makes its first change in the development stream N+1, then the version should be changed to 2.4.100. If P version 2.4.0 needs to receive a bug fix in the maintenance stream started from N, then its version number will be 2.4.1.
Overall example
This example shows how the version of a plug-in reacts to changes (indicated in parenthesis) in the context of different development stream. Both the text and the diagram illustrate the same example.
First development stream - 1.0.0 Second development stream - 1.0.100 (indicates a bug fix) - 1.1.0 (a new API has been introduced) The plug-in ships as 1.1.0 Third development stream - 1.1.100 (indicates a bug fix) - 2.0.0 (indicates a breaking change) The plug-in ships as 2.0.0 Maintenance stream after 1.1.0 - 1.1.1 The plug-in ships as 1.1.1
When to change the qualifier segment
Because changing the version number of a plug-in on every commit can be burdensome to the development team, we recommend only applying the previous guidelines once per release cycle. However, since we want to enable the use of the update manager by the development teams, we will use the qualifier segment to indicate changes between builds.
Since Eclipse 3.1, PDE Build can automatically derive the value of the qualifier from the tag associated with the plug-in in the map file that has been fed as input to the build. This leaves the responsibility to the developer preparing the input for the build to tag their plug-ins with a value that is lexicographically higher than the previous one. To facilitate this, we recommend using the date formatted as vYYYYMMDD (year, month day). If you have multiple builds in a day, you can add "-HHMM" (hour, minute) to ensure it is unique.
It is also recommended that you prefix the tag on a maintenance branch with a unique branch identifier to ensure that builds on that branch can be distinguished from builds on the main development branch. For example, a branch for maintenance of the 1.0 release can use a prefix of "R10x_" so that all builds on that branch for the 1.0.x maintenance releases are grouped together. Note that the "x" in "R10x_" is not intended as a variable to be replaced by the current release number. The prefix should remain consistent throughout all maintenance releases within the same branch, because the same version of a plug-in may appear in multiple maintenance releases. For example a plug-in with version 1.0.1.R10x_v20030629 may appear in the 1.0.1 and 1.0.2 releases of a product.
Example: The map file for the plug-in P indicates v20050506, and P's version is 4.2.3. The resulting fully qualified version number would be 4.2.3.v20050506. Deriving the qualifier from the build input offers the advantage that if the plug-in code has not changed, no new version will be created and therefore update manager won't download the plug-in again.
Plug-ins with no API
There are certain kinds of plug-ins that have no API, and therefore would never evolve more than their service segment according to the above rules. For these plug-ins, the version number can be evolved in sync with another plug-in they are associated with. Note that since these plug-ins do not contain any API, they are generally only explicitly required by plug-ins they are closely associated with anyway.
In particular, a source/test/documentation plug-in that has changes in the current stream should evolve its version number in sync with the plug-in(s) it is providing source/test/documentation for. A fragment with no API should evolve its version number in sync with its host plug-in.
A branding plug-in should keep its version in sync with its feature.
Versioning plug-ins that wrap external libraries
The version range guidelines above are only effective if the required bundle or feature follows the Eclipse version number evolution guidelines outlined in this document. When specifying a dependency on third party libraries (e.g. those from Orbit), be sure you understand the semantics of that library's version numbers, and specify your version range accordingly. In the absence of any well defined version evolution semantics, you should just specify the version number you require as a lower bound.
Example: JFace requires a third party library wrapped in bundle com.xyz.widgets, and is compiled against version 3.8.1 of that bundle. It should specify its dependency as follows: Require-Bundle: com.xyz.widgets;bundle-version="3.8.1"
How to specify plug-in requirements
Plug-ins that require other plug-ins must qualify their requirements with a version range since the absence of a version range means that any version can satisfy the dependency. Given that all the changes between the version x.0.0 and the version x+1.0.0 excluded must be compatible (given the previous guidelines); the recommended range includes the minimal required version up-to but not including the next major release.
Example: JFace 3.1.0 should probably express the following requirement on SWT: [3.1.0, 4.0.0).
Also, while setting values for prerequisites, watch for opportunities to widen the set of plug-ins against which a plug-in can work.
Example: A plug-in using basic functions from the job API, may express a dependency on runtime 3.0.0 ( [3.0.0, 4.0.0) ) instead of 3.1.0 ( [3.1.0, 4.0.0) ).
Also consider #Versioning plug-ins that wrap external libraries.
Example: A plug-in requiring org.junit 3.8.2 should declare: Require-Bundle: org.junit;bundle-version="3.8.2"
How to specify versions when plug-ins re-export other plug-ins
When a plug-in exports a range of versions for another plug-in, it is promising that some version in that range will be available. Specifically, it provides the guarantee that at least the version specified by the lower bound will be available. Therefore, whenever a plug-in changes the version range of an exported plug-in, it must change its own version number as follows:
- Any change to upper bound: increase service segment
- Decrease service segment of lower bound: increase service segment
- Decrease major or minor segment of lower bound: increase major segment
- Increase lower bound: increase version by the same magnitude
Example: JFace 8.4.2 re-exports SWT [1.1.1,2.0)
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [1.1.1,1.5), JFace version must increase to at least 8.4.3.
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [1.1,2.0), JFace version must increase to at least 8.4.3.
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [1.0,2.0), JFace version must increase to at least 9.0.0.
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [1.1.2,2.0), JFace version must increase to at least 8.4.3.
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [1.2,2.0), JFace version must increase to at least 8.5.0.
- If the next version of JFace re-exports SWT [2.0,3.0), JFace version must increase to 9.0.0
Exporting a version range that spans multiple major versions of a plug-in is not recommended, because it forces downstream plug-ins to support versions with arbitrary breaking changes between them. Therefore, the most common change to a version range will be increasing the minor or service segment of one of the bounds, or incrementing both bounds up to a range within the next major version.
How to version packages
Exported packages being used as service APIs must have a version number. The guidelines to evolve those version numbers are the same as for plug-ins. For plug-ins importing individual packages, you should follow the same guidelines as when requiring a plug-in to specify the version range of packages being imported.
Which version to use in Javadoc tags
In the Javadoc, @since tags are used to indicate the version of a plug-in in which a specific API has been added. Because Javadoc describes API, only the first two segment of the plug-in version number should be used. This represents a change from the previous practice where @since indicated the development stream. In addition to using the plug-in version, we recommend to prefix the version number by the plug-in id. This allows tracking of APIs moving from one plug-in to another (this can happen when a plug-in is split into multiple plug-ins but the package names are kept). Example: In the 3.2 development stream, the API of the new plug-in org.eclipse.core.filesystem should be tagged as follows:
* This class is the main entry point for clients of the Eclipse file system API. This
* class has factory methods for obtaining instances of file systems and file
* stores, and provides constants for option values and error codes.
* @noextend This class is not intended to be subclassed by clients.
* @noinstantiate This class is not intended to be instantiated by clients.
* @since org.eclipse.core.filesystem 1.0
Versioning features
Features are a grouping mechanism that supports reasoning in terms of sets of plug-ins. Therefore, features hide the plug-in boundaries of the plug-ins they contain and act as if their API was the set of all the APIs of all the constituting plug-ins. Because of this, the version of a feature must indicate the most significant type of change between all the plug-ins and features it contains:
- Increment the feature's major number if any contained plug-in or feature increases their major number
- Otherwise, increment the feature's minor number if any contained plug-in or feature increases their minor number
- Otherwise, increment the feature's service number if any contained plug-in or feature increases their service number.
Note that the magnitude of the change does not need to match between the feature and its plug-ins. If a plug-in increments its service number by two for some reason, it does not mean that the feature must also increase the number by two.
A branding plug-in should keep its version in sync with its feature.
To require features or to require bundles
A feature can express its external dependencies as required features, required plug-ins, or a combination of the two. How dependencies are expressed has consequences on the install-time behavior of your feature, so it is important to understand the different approaches. These approaches are described below along with a discussion of their effect. It is important to note that since Ganymede (Eclipse 3.4), feature dependencies do not have to express dependencies that are already expressed at the plug-in level. Such duplication or further refinement of dependency information between features and plug-ins may unnecessarily restrict the ability to install the feature. With the classic Eclipse Update Manager that was the default install/update technology prior to Eclipse 3.4, dependency information was required at the feature level because the provisioning technology only reasoned at the level of features.
Require bundles
If your feature only requires a subset of plug-ins from another feature, you should express your dependencies at the plug-in level. This avoids the brittleness caused by version changes in required features, and allows system integrators to deliver the required plug-ins using different features if desired. Note that feature plug-in dependencies are only needed for plug-ins that are not already required by plug-ins in your feature. In other words, plug-in dependencies at the feature level are for expressing "soft" dependencies on plug-ins that are not strictly required by the plug-ins in your feature, such as documentation.
Expressing dependencies directly at the plug-in level has the benefit of isolating feature authors from changes that do not impact them, thus resulting in greater reusability of the feature.
Case 1: Assuming the feature org.eclipse.gef is as follows: requires feature: org.eclipse.platform 3.1.0 match="compatible" contains plugins: org.eclipse.draw2d 3.1.0 org.eclipse.gef 3.1.0 Case 2: It is better to express this as: contains plugins: org.eclipse.draw2d 3.1.0 org.eclipse.gef 3.1.0 requires plugins: org.eclipse.core.runtime 3.1.0 match="compatible" org.eclipse.ui.views 3.1.0 match="compatible" org.eclipse.ui.workbench 3.1.0 match="compatible" org.eclipse.jface 3.1.0 match="compatible" org.eclipse.swt 3.1.0 match="compatible"
In case 1, if the version of the org.eclipse.platform feature changes to 4.0.0 (because org.eclipse.core.resources changes its major version number), org.eclipse.gef is required to deliver a new version of its features. In case 2, such changes are transparent to the author of GEF.
- Note: The example above is for the purpose of illustration only. In practice the "requires" dependencies mentioned above are already expressed at the GEF bundle level, so they do not need to be repeated at the feature level:
- MANIFEST.MF of org.eclipse.draw2d already "requires" org.eclipse.swt
- MANIFEST.MF of org.eclipse.gef already "requires" org.eclipse.core.runtime, org.eclipse.ui.views, org.eclipse.ui.workbench, org.eclipse.jface
Require features
Use required features when you want another entire feature to be present when your feature is installed. This typically results in a user-level awareness of the required feature, rather than a hidden implementation detail of your feature. For example, users installing Java EE tools from the Web Tools Platform project also require Java development tools. This is not just because their plug-ins depend on plug-ins in JDT, but because users of the Java EE tools really expect the full JDT to be there, including documentation, help content, and possibly source. In this case the dependency should be expressed at the feature level to ensure the entire required feature is installed. Feature-level dependencies are also required if you are targeting a platform using the classic Eclipse Update Manager, which operated purely at the level of feature dependencies.
Feature includes
When a feature includes another feature, it is expressing a tightly bound relation to that other feature. In effect, it is declaring the included feature as a subset of itself. When including another feature, you must always specify in the feature declaration the exact four part version of the feature you are including.
Patch features
A patch feature is a special kind of feature that updates or replaces some part of an existing feature. A patch feature version should take the same three part identifier as the feature being patched. The qualifier segment is used to distinguish multiple patches to the same feature. As with qualifiers in general, the only hard requirement is that the number increase lexicographically each time a new version is created.
API Baseline in API Tools
The Eclipse API Tools detect some violations of the rules outlined in this document. The API Baseline should always be set to the last released version from the development stream you're working on (or from the N-1 stream, if the current stream has no released version yet).
- When developing for 3.6, set the baseline to 3.5, 3.5.1, 3.5.2, as soon as the maintenance releases become available.
- When developing for 3.5.1, set the baseline to 3.5.
- When developing for 3.5.2, set the baseline to 3.5.1.
- When developing for 3.5.2+, set the baseline to 3.5.2.
If you use an older version as API Baseline, you will miss some API problems.
pom.xml Versions
Since CBI builds depend on Maven and neither Maven nor Tycho can consume version numbers from the MANIFEST.MF (bug 387802), every bundle version change also needs to be reflected in the pom.xml. The Eclipse Releng Tools can flag missing pom.xml updates. Install them from an Eclipse Project Updates p2 repository.
Open Preferences > POM Version Tool and make sure the severity is set to Error. (Starting with the Neon stream, the POM Version Tool is enabled by default).


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You can help get the results you want by staging your home. Staging is not about redecorating your entire home. It is about rearranging what you do have and making a few improvements to appeal to more buyers.
Preparing your home for sale.
You can help get the results you want by staging your home. Staging is not about redecorating your entire home. It is about rearranging what you do have and making a few improvements to appeal to more buyers.
If you don't want to do this yourself, ask your agent to recommend a professional stager. It can pay for itself by helping sell your home more quickly and for a better price.
Make the first impression count. Clean up, paint front windows and doors, keep the lawn mowed and the bushes trimmed, plant or pot colourful flowers, clear the sidewalks.
Less is more in creating home appeal. Keep counters free of personal items, pare furnishings down to the bare essentials, pack up those cute knickknacks.
A home in immaculate condition sells more quickly – and for more money. Wash windows inside and out, make sure kitchen and bath features gleam, shampoo or replace carpeting, clean and dust throughout, take care of any pet odours.
You want buyers to imagine themselves living in your home. Pack up those family heirlooms and personal photographs.
Don't let maintenance shortcomings affect the sale. Patch any holes in the walls. Consider painting them in a neutral colour. Replace cracked floor or counter tiles, fix leaky faucets and doors that don't close properly, replace burned-out light bulbs.
If buyers don't see something, they won't want it to be part of the deal. Remove fixtures or window coverings now if you're going to take them with you.
Dogs and cats are great companions, but when you're showing your home, pets have a talent for getting underfoot. So do everyone a favour, keep Kitty and Spot outside, or at least out of the way.
Homeowners learn to live with all kinds of self-set booby traps: roller skates on the stairs, extension cords, slippery throw rugs and low handing overhead lights. Make your residence as non perilous as possible for uninitiated visitors.
You never know when your agent may need to show your home on a moment's notice. So make your beds and tidy up each morning, just in case.
When prospects want to talk price, terms or other real estate matters, let them speak to an expert – your Real Estate Sales Associate.


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Time-zone Atlas Find Birth Town Horoscope of the Moment
About the Timezone Atlas
Geographic Distribution of Atlas Data
The following map shows the geographic distribution of the 254,106 towns contained in the atlas database.Data Sources
The city and timezone data contained in this database
are based to a large extent on a licensed copy of the
International and American
Atlas by Astro Communications (ACS), San Diego,
with additions and modifications by Astrodienst AG.
All rights are reserved.
Update 2-Jan-1998: We have now separated the former Soviet Union,
Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia into the new states. It is still
possible to define a search for the old state areas by using the
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Monday, June 13, 2011
How to Poach Eggs - Better Late Than Whenever
31 comments:
- Dan said...
That yoke pop was slightly inappropriate....
- June 13, 2011 at 8:55 PM
- Raquel.Erecipe said...
for me this is much healthier than do it fry it in oil.
- June 13, 2011 at 9:15 PM
- Basia said...
Finally visited the lady down the road who keeps chickens & goats. The eggs are gorgeous! Gotta try this! And thanks - now I know it wasn't my technique that put me off this so long ago: it was the grocery store eggs!
- June 13, 2011 at 10:10 PM
- w3bd3v said...
Now I want breakfast and it's almost midnight. Thanks Chef John!
- June 13, 2011 at 11:14 PM
- milkshake said...
You just convinced me to pull eggs and salmon out of fridge and have a breakfast at 1am
- June 14, 2011 at 12:46 AM
- Lily said...
That looks delicious. Very entertaining video - despite the old eggs! Enjoyed it.
- June 14, 2011 at 12:58 AM
- bdwilcox said...
Basia said: "Finally visited the lady down the road who keeps chickens & goats. The eggs are gorgeous!"
-Never had a goat egg, myself... - June 14, 2011 at 5:02 AM
Hi - I was recently informed by an eight year old scout that to poach an egg it should be boiled , from ROOM TEMP, for 20 secs then poached with the same method as Chef John - IT WORKS, beautiful every time, no matter the freshness of the egg so far...Try it too. jbscot99 from France
- June 14, 2011 at 7:36 AM
- Basia said...
@bdwilcox Wow - sad. You sure are missing out!
- June 14, 2011 at 9:46 AM
Hi Chef - Thanks for the instruction! Question however--why no swirly-swirl of the water when you put in the egg? Thought that water swirly was needed to help keep the egg more 'together'.
- June 14, 2011 at 1:04 PM
- Mike said...
I cheat and use an egg poaching tray they look and taste great.
- June 14, 2011 at 2:10 PM
- Chris K. said...
If you first crack the egg into a large perforated spoon, the loose "fly-away" white drains off. It makes poaching much less messy. Thanks, Harold McGee!
- June 14, 2011 at 2:23 PM
- Virginia said...
I've been wanting to try several recipes that call for poached eggs from the recipe club to which I belong, but I've always been so intimidated by the whole poaching egg process, but your video has given me the courage to give it a go. Thanks!
Virginia - June 14, 2011 at 5:06 PM
I love when your videos deal with a realistic kitchen... we all have days where we just ran out of the perfect ingredient but your focus on the technique really inspires confidence. Keep up the great blogging!
- June 14, 2011 at 7:08 PM
Fufu, now I know... :)
Hmm but what about those who hate the white vinegar taste? - June 14, 2011 at 7:15 PM
- Frank Sugino said...
A simple trick: before you put the egg in the water, use a spoon to swirl the water to form a gentle whirlpool. Then pour the egg right in the center. The egg will remain together in the center and poach nicely - this will even help prevent older eggs from having their whites spread like in the video.
- June 15, 2011 at 1:12 AM
- Chef John said...
that works for one egg....then what?
- June 15, 2011 at 1:17 AM
Chef, this is about a much earlier recipe. I've been staring at your pie crust in envy and despair for weeks. How do you get it so perfect?
Qn1: How long and at what temp do you bake for.
Qn2: do you use a pie shield? My crusts keep getting burned.
Qn3: Where do you place the pie plate. My bottom crust always seems uncooked.
Thanks. I'm quickly becoming addicted to your videos. Gonna try the blueberry muffins tonight. - June 15, 2011 at 6:08 AM
- Tamar@StarvingofftheLand said...
Really, John, where are you getting your eggs? Next time you're planning to put a basic egg technique on film for posterity, for all time, would you please come and talk to me first? My chickens are at the ready.
- June 15, 2011 at 8:13 AM
- Chef John said...
I promise the next time I do an eggs video, your hens will be the first to know. ;-) Thanks!
- June 15, 2011 at 9:59 AM
- Chef John said...
Depends on the pie. All my pie videos give times, so you'll have to check there. I dont use a shield. I place in middle of oven. Enjoy! - June 15, 2011 at 10:02 AM
Beautiful demo Chef, and you made me feel terrible for the times i've given up and switched to a frying pan on account of my eggs (a lesser chef indeed...). Thanks for another hugely helpful video!
p.s. a benedict without hollandaise is an affront to the culinary gods! - June 15, 2011 at 7:03 PM
- Nitya said...
when i see poaching egg suddenly i got ungry it seemed like that nice recipe........
- June 16, 2011 at 10:43 PM
I tried this this morning for Father's Day. Water was barely bubbling.... but after 6 minutes eggs were hard boiled. Luckily I had more eggs and the next batch took about 3 minutes. I tried to replicate what you did by toasting an English muffin, spread some butter/dill on top, then salmon then the egg.
Look forward to the instructions to see how I SHOULD have made this! It sure was a hit "my" way!! - June 19, 2011 at 6:03 PM
I have found that when forced to use eggs of unknown freshness, increasing the amount of vinegar in the water holds them together fine. The acidity affects the surface tension of the water.
Make sure to dip the finished egg in another container of water to rid them of any vinegar taste (I use Apple Cider vinegar).
Another way to test for doneness is the jiggle test. Lift an egg onto a slotted spoon and jiggle it. If the White jiggles around the yolk it is not done. - July 28, 2011 at 7:05 AM
- Morpheus said...
1:38 am and I feel like poaching eggs now! You're too good :D
- February 20, 2012 at 3:38 PM
- JustMe said...
We only get cold storage eggs shipped (flown?) from the Mainland to us out here in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, so I'm pretty sure my egg whites will be just like the video. Thanks for showing that even old eggs can be poached!!
- February 12, 2013 at 11:43 PM
- Unknown said...
Julia Childs tip. Poke a hole on the top of the egg with a small needle and let it boil for a few seconds. Than take it out and crack the egg in your poach water. Perfect every time.
- January 7, 2014 at 1:19 PM
- Daisy said...
I've had success at making poached eggs using this recipe. However every time I make it, the egg tends to stick onto the bottom regardless of its age and method of placing the egg in.
Any ideas why or how it can be prevented? - September 3, 2014 at 5:53 PM
- Unknown said...
I learned several years ago from Chef Wylie Dufresne
To drain the excess white from the eggs before poaching in acid ulster water. Make for beautiful poached eggs. The older the egg the more of the loose thin egg white there is.
I also learned that for a soft boiled egg you can peel can be had by adding baking soda to the water. Changes the pH of the water and the shell will come off so you can make a beautiful presentation with a soft cooked egg. Or just to make it easier to hard cook fresh eggs.
Terry - January 14, 2015 at 11:25 AM
- msfisherteaches said...
So... I just followed this recipe - exactly as Chef John demonstrated - for 25 people. I cooked the eggs (2 minutes, 30 seconds) the day before and dropped them in boiling water for 1 minute prior to serving. Every egg (except the one that I broke.....) was perfect.... Hard to argue with perfection.
- June 4, 2018 at 3:47 PM


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USC hires FGCU basketball coach
Published 7:23 am Tuesday, April 2, 2013
LOS ANGELES — Southern California hired Andy Enfield as men's basketball coach on Monday night after he took Florida Gulf Coast University to the round of 16 of the NCAA tournament.
Athletic director Pat Haden said Enfield has reached an agreement with the Pac-12 school. He will be introduced on Wednesday.
"Those in the basketball world have known of his abilities for a while," Haden said.
He said Enfield's success at FGCU wasn't a flash in the pan and that his up-tempo style and stingy defense will be fun for both the Trojans players and fans.
"In meeting with Pat Haden, I was very impressed with his vision for the men's basketball program," Enfield said in a statement. "I am looking forward to bringing an exciting, up-tempo style of play to USC and building the men's basketball brand into one that the fans and basketball community will enjoy and respect."
The 43-year-old coach was 41-28 in his only two seasons as a head coach at FGCU in Fort Myers, Fla. He led the Eagles to a school-record 26 wins this season, including upsets of No. 2 seed Georgetown and No. 7 seed San Diego State as a 15th-seed in the NCAA tourney. They lost to Florida last Friday.
Enfield's team earned the nickname "Dunk City" for its spectacular dunks and alley-oops. The Eagles scored 70 or more points 25 times this season, and ranked 16th nationally in steals with 8.9 per game.
They won the Atlantic Sun tournament, and had the league's player of the year in Sherwood Brown and defensive player of the year in Bernard Thompson.
Haden called Enfield "a relentless recruiter and he has integrity and great character."
Enfield takes over from interim coach Bob Cantu, who had a 7-8 record after succeeding Kevin O'Neill, who was fired in mid-January.
The Trojans lost their final three games, including a defeat in their first game of the Pac-12 tournament. Starting center Dewayne Dedmon and backup big man James Blasczyk were suspended indefinitely and missed the league tourney following allegations the pair was involved in a melee in Spokane, Wash., during the team's final Pac-12 road trip of the season.
Cantu's status wasn't immediately clear. He has been on the Trojans' staff through four coaching changes and is the longest tenured assistant in the Pac-12.
O'Neill had a 48-65 record during 3 1/2 years at the private school known primarily for its powerful football program after going 6-26 last year while setting a USC record for losses.
The move is a big step up for Enfield.
FGCU has about 11,300 students, plays in a 4,500-seat arena and has only existed for 16 years; USC has 37,000 students, the Trojans play at 10,258-seat Galen Center, and the school has a long tradition of sports success, especially with its nationally ranked football team.
The basketball team has long played in the shadow of cross-town rival UCLA, which hired Steve Alford from New Mexico on Saturday.
USC hasn't made the NCAA tournament since 2011. The Trojans are 12-17 all-time, with their best results coming in 2007 and 2001, when they lost in the regionals, and in 1954, when they lost in the national semifinals.
Before going to FGCU, Enfield was an assistant at Florida State from 2007-11, where the Seminoles made the round of 16 in 2011. He began his coaching career in the NBA as a shooting coach for the Milwaukee Bucks from 1995-96, and was an assistant with Boston from 1999-00.
Enfield's wife, Amanda, drew attention during the NCAA tournament for her model-looks. The couple has three young children.


text:
Tuesday, March 2, 2010
Calas - Sweet Rice Fritters
From the kitchen of One Perfect Bite...I'm stepping back in time today to explore 19th century New Orleans. My destination is the French Quarter. I'm searching for the donut-like fritters associated with this time and place. The sights and sounds and smells of the old city can overwhelm the uninitiated, but through the din, the imaginative who listen, really listen, will hear Creole slaves hawking calas, the sweet rice fritters whose sale will help buy their freedom. The women shout, "Belles calas, toutes chaudes!" or "Calas, nice and hot!" The cala came to New Orleans via West Africa, but unlike it's cousin, the beignet, its fame traveled no farther than this city and it was rarely found elsewhere in the South. Calas can be leavened with wild yeasts, commercial yeast or baking powder. I chose to use baking powder because I had no idea what the completed fritters would taste like and I didn't want to spend hours waiting to find out. So, an experiment borne of curiosity began. Francis Lam had written about Calas for the pages of Salon and I decided to use his recipe. It was fast, simple and straight forward. I've learned that it also produces marvelous sweet rice fritters. I thought those of you with left over rice and adventurous spirits might like to have a go at these. They are delightfully different and delicious. Here's the recipe for a wonderful curiosity that comes with a history all its own.
Calas - Sweet Rice Fritters...from the kitchen of One Perfect Bite, adapted from original recipe by Francis Lam for the Salon Media Group
2 cups cooked, very cold rice
6 tablespoons all-purpose flour
1/4 cup granulated sugar
2 teaspoons baking powder
1/4 teaspoon salt
Dash nutmeg
2 large eggs, beaten
1/2 teaspoon vanilla
Vegetable oil
Confectioners' sugar
1) Fill a high-sided pan with oil to a depth of 2-inches. Warm to 360 degrees F.
2) Place very cold rice in a large mixing bowl. Use fingers to break-up lumps and form separate grains. Add flour, sugar, baking powder, salt and nutmeg to rice; mix well to coat each grain with dry mixture.
3) Add vanilla to beaten eggs and pour over rice. Mix until there are no dry spots in batter.
4) Form batter into ovals or quenelles, using 2 tableside serving spoons. Working in batches, push batter into oil and cook, turning just once, until puffed and golden brown. Remove and drain on paper towels. Dust generously with confectioners' sugar. Serve hot. Yield: 12 fritters.
You might also enjoy these recipes:
Yeasted Appple Fritters - One Perfect Bite
Open Mouths Laughing - One Perfect Bite
French Quarter Beignets - One Perfect Bite
41 comments :
- Barbara said...
I've never had these while in NOLA. But we always have rice left over....going to try them ASAP!
- March 2, 2010 at 12:56 PM
- DailyChef said...
This looks amazing. I always have trouble finding good New Orleans/Cajun food around California. Time to make my own!
- March 2, 2010 at 1:00 PM
- Laurie said...
These look delicious.. I have never had them before but what a great way to use the left over rice!
- March 2, 2010 at 1:12 PM
- Claudia said...
Thanks for helping to get me out of my culinary closet. This is a "must-try" and I love the history.
- March 2, 2010 at 1:30 PM
- Allie and Pattie said...
Oh, it's been years since I've had these!! Thank you SO much for the reminder!
xoxo Pattie - March 2, 2010 at 1:39 PM
- Mary | Deep South Dish said...
Yes, I'm afraid these are one of those near lost dishes from our region. Too bad. Besides the history of how they were sold, they are delicious little puffs of yummy!! These have been on my list of recipes to feature also, so you'll be seeing them again over at my place.
- March 2, 2010 at 1:45 PM
- Ella said...
Very good in case that you have rice left over! Why I haven't seen this recipe few days ago??? Ok. it's never late :)
- March 2, 2010 at 2:53 PM
- Pam said...
Oh my - they look so addictive. I don't think I could eat just one or two. Amazing Mary.
- March 2, 2010 at 3:22 PM
- Janine said...
Oh these sound interesting!!
- March 2, 2010 at 3:24 PM
- Schnitzel and the Trout said...
Once more, the history that you post with your dishes are just as delightful as the recipes.
- March 2, 2010 at 3:42 PM
- Bob said...
Ok, that just sounds awesome. I need to make them.
- March 2, 2010 at 3:54 PM
- NKP said...
I have never heard of these before - they sound delicious!
- March 2, 2010 at 4:27 PM
- 3 hungry tummies said...
All I want to do is to have a plate of these beauties with my coffee right now!
- March 2, 2010 at 4:51 PM
- Arlette said...
oh how lovely these area
We all have leftover rice ,
thanks for his recipe for sure I will try it soon. - March 2, 2010 at 5:25 PM
- Debbiedoos said...
Never had these, but boy do those look good! Gosh I have done this before come over when I am craving something sweet! Thanks Mary for stopping over, glad you like the pregnancy post, and yes when all is said and done, my boys are true blessings!!~
- March 2, 2010 at 7:11 PM
- Joanne said...
Anything doughy and fried is a-ok in my book. I've never seen these before but perhaps they are the NOLA version of zeppoles. Which is never something to complain about.
- March 2, 2010 at 7:11 PM
- Marilyn said...
Thanks for stopping by for a visit and leaving a comment for me. It makes my day to find a new friend. Interesting recipe and appreciate the history, too. Thanks for sharing.
- March 2, 2010 at 7:26 PM
- Wandering Coyote said...
Hi Mary! Thanks for your visit to ReTorte and your lovely comment! I really appreciate it!
- March 2, 2010 at 7:30 PM
- Marla said...
Oh Mary, I love this blog. Thank you for stopping by and visiting mine, cause now I have found you and I am going to follow your posts. These Sweet rice fritters look and sound amazing, I must try these out soon. Smiles, Marla
- March 2, 2010 at 7:34 PM
- Selba said...
This looks so yummy! I have to give a try someday :)
- March 2, 2010 at 7:44 PM
- Kathleen said...
Can't wait to try these. Yum!! Thanks for introducing me to something new!!
- March 2, 2010 at 10:16 PM
- Foodiewife said...
I learn something new from you, all the time. I've never heard of these, but in looking at the recipe-- they sound inexpensive and fun to try. Queuing up! Thanks for the history lesson.
- March 2, 2010 at 11:12 PM
- Juliana said...
Mary, these fritters sound and look so interesting...and so tasty...thanks for the recipe :-) Great picture!
- March 2, 2010 at 11:28 PM
- Unknown said...
Love these, reminds me of the beignets I had at Cafe Du Monde in the French Quarter. Thanks for sharing and I'll have to try this. Thanks for stopping by my blog.
- March 2, 2010 at 11:30 PM
- Joie de vivre said...
Thank you so much for visiting! I can't believe I've never stumbled across your lovely blog before! I've signed up to follow you so I can read your future posts. - March 2, 2010 at 11:59 PM
- Sinful Southern Sweets said...
Just lovely! I adore rice, as I was raised by a Louisiana native. It was served at nearly every meal. But, I must say, I have never experienced these little beauties. I must change that soon:)
- March 3, 2010 at 7:00 AM
- The Blonde Duck said...
I am frittering for these fritters.
- March 3, 2010 at 9:08 AM
- Lea Ann said...
They say, never trust anything that looks too good to be true??? Screw that theory when I look at these! Wonderful.
- March 3, 2010 at 9:41 AM
- Martha said...
Oh Mary!! You are making me drool all over my computer again! These look so yummy. I wish I could reach right through my computer screen and grab one - seriously! :-)
- March 3, 2010 at 10:09 AM
- Cathy said...
I've heard of these but didn't realize they were made of rice. Very interesting post, Mary. It's always fun to learn something new.
- March 3, 2010 at 10:43 AM
- Future Grown-Up said...
This looks absolutely amazing. I'm not a big rice person normally but this could definitely convert me over!
- March 3, 2010 at 12:00 PM
- Ren- Lady Of The Arts said...
oh I have always wanted to make something like this. Now I might have the courage!
- March 3, 2010 at 5:20 PM
- Janice said...
I've never had these but they look really yummy. Perfect desert
- March 3, 2010 at 5:49 PM
- Erica said...
Wow!They look wonderful!I would love a dozen of those :)
- March 3, 2010 at 7:12 PM
- Katy ~ said...
Sign me up. These sound irresistible!
- March 3, 2010 at 7:18 PM
- Glennis said...
What a great idea for cold leftover rice!! Too bad I just threw some out - wait till next time I cook Chinese and have leftovers.
I never had them in New Orleans, but next time I go I'll look. - March 3, 2010 at 9:56 PM
- Lauren said...
these look so wonderfully puffy and sweet!
- March 4, 2010 at 7:26 PM
- Debbi Does Dinner Healthy said...
This looks excellent and something that my family would like! Thanks!
- March 5, 2010 at 10:21 AM
- Diana's Cocina said...
Lovely! I can't wait to try them.
- March 6, 2010 at 12:09 AM
- Tuty @Scentofspice.com said...
Since I cook rice everyday, I will definitely safe some rice and try this.
- March 7, 2010 at 12:47 AM
- Chris Calentine said...
I love calas and have been making them for years. I don't know where you got the recipe, but calas as I know them are made with "sour" rice by putting yeast and a little water in a bowl the night before and letting it rise or ferment overnight. Then the flour etc. is added and allowed to rise 15-20 minutes before frying. Not using the fermentation makes them much less flavorful and really not the "real" calas that I know and love.
- November 13, 2012 at 8:35 AM


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Who We Are
How aspies for freedom began
AFF began in 2004, created by Gareth and Amy Nelson. The website is now family run. It began as a response to negative and torturous treatment of autistics around the world and aimed to provide positive media input. This was extremely sucessful and inspired many similar websites and blogs. The lot of autistics has improved in the last 10 years and we feel a part of that.
What We Do
Current activities
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GUPS 7DPN was established in 1989 and it is managed by the Department of Education. It is located in Rural area. It is located in BHADRA block of HANUMANGARH district of Rajasthan. The school consists of Grades from 1 to 8. The school is Co-educational and it doesn't have an attached pre-primary section. The school is Not Applicable in nature and is not using school building as a shift-school. Hindi is the medium of instructions in this school. This school is approachable by all weather road. In this school academic session starts in April.
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