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Our Mission; Provide appreciative solutions to all in need of RV Collision Repair, Paint, Body, Interior, & Upgrades, at a single Commercial Collision Repair Facility in Southern California! At OCRV Center, we take pride in providing everlasting, meaningful solutions for all commercial chassis owners. The moment you enter the facility, you will be acknowledged, heard & respected throughout the whole process of fulfilling & completing your requests. If you are seeking a competent, knowledgeable team of craftsmen & experts, OCRV Center proudly provides valuable solutions for all commercial chassis owners in Southern California! OCRV Center's facility can help you repair, paint, remodel & upgrade anything on your RV, Trailer, Camper, Bus & Commercial Vehicles. We are here to help! Give us a call today!.


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"Only Gimli lifted up his head; a smouldering fire was in his eyes. . ."
― The Fellowship of the Ring, A Journey in the Dark
Gimli was a dwarf of Durin's Folk, a direct descendant of Durin the Deathless through Náin II's younger son Borin, and in turn Farin's younger son Gróin, and his younger son Glóin. Despite being too young at the time of the Quest of Erebor (only 62), he became famous as the only Dwarven member of the Fellowship of the Ring.
Gimli was born in the Blue Mountains 109 years after the tragic destruction of Dale and the Sacking of Erebor by Smaug the Golden. He was forbidden to join Thorin and Company because of his age: only 62 at the time.
Years later, in T.A. 3017, Gimli witnessed the tempting offers of the messenger of Sauron (presumed to be a Nazgûl) concerning the Ring of Power, and accompanied his troubled father to Rivendell for the dual purpose of warning old acquaintance Bilbo Baggins and seeking the counsel of Elrond on such weighty matters. He attended the Council of Elrond as a representative of the Dwarves of Erebor.
The Fellowship of the Ring
Gimli, as the only young dwarf seen at the council of Elrond, was appointed as a member of the Fellowship of the Ring. He alone of the company wore a mail-shirt, and carried a broad-bladed axe. He quickly distinguished himself in the company by declaring that he 'needed no map' and naming the Misty Mountains individually by their Khuzdul names, inspiring the comment from Sam: "A fair jaw-cracker dwarf-language must be!"
Gimli stood more than all the others with Gandalf on the matter of passing through Moria. This may be influenced by his curiosity about the fate of his cousin Balin, who went thither to refound the ancient kingdom of the Longbeards, and also his vengeful nature. His first clash with Legolas occurred before the Doors of Durin, in a brief dispute over whose fault it was (the Elves' or the Dwarves') that the friendship between the two races waned. Gandalf quickly intervened, though it was not until Lothlórien that they would truly become friends.
He was quite helpful to Gandalf in explaining the Doors to the other curious members of the fellowship. Gandalf showed his appreciation of Gimli's skills by letting him walk up front through the dark tunnels beside himself, and taking brief counsels with him when the way is unsure. It is probable that here Gandalf is tapping into Dwarven inborn or developed skills rather than actual knowledge of Moria itself, as Gimli had never personally been there.
Gimli reacted most indignantly to Sam's suggestion that Moria was but 'holes', going so far as to chant for him the ancient Song of Durin. Gimli continued to be helpful to Gandalf on the rest of the dark passage, and boldly aided in the Battle of the Chamber of Mazarbul, protecting Balin's tomb. After Gandalf remained behind to halt the Balrog, Gimli led the others across the Bridge of Khazad-dûm.
He again shows great emotion when they near Kheled-zâram, taking Frodo alone out of all the company with him to see it (though Sam follows as well). This hints at a degree of affection for Frodo, though it may merely be because he was the most important of the company. Despite his helpfulness, at Lothlórien he became the greatest hindrance to the Company, when he alone was required to be blindfolded and of all of them liked the idea the least (save for perhaps Legolas). The compromise was made that the entire company would go through the Golden Wood in this manner, that Gimli would not suffer alone.
Despite this early struggle, it is Gimli of all the company that is most remembered for his deeds in Lothlórien. For his heart softened towards Galadriel and as a result toward Elves in general when that great lady sympathized with his sorrows, using the traditional Khuzdul names. In return he attempted to compliment her, as he saw her love and understanding. Though slightly clumsy in his first attempt, he distinguished himself when, as Galadriel gave the Company gifts, he asked only for a single strand of her hair. Galadriel gave him three hairs with a blessing, probably remembering when Fëanor had requested a similar gift several millennia ago. Henceforth Gimli was known as 'Lockbearer'. He wept openly at the departure from Lothlórien, calling the light more dangerous than the darkness he had feared.
By the time the Fellowship departed from Lothlórien, Gimli had become fast friends with Legolas the Elf, a result of Galadriel's kindness. This, too, made him famous among all the Dwarves of the Third Age.
The Three Hunters
After the Breaking of the Fellowship, during which he and Legolas slew many orcs, Gimli listened in silence as his only remaining comrades, Aragorn and Legolas, sang a lament for Boromir in the character of three of the Winds. Only the East Wind was left, and Gimli would not sing it, which Aragorn declared to be appropriate. For most of the chase he served as a commentator, usually leaving the decisions to Aragorn. His reaction was quite hostile to the suspicious Rohirrim, especially after Éomer's rash comments about Galadriel. Little did either know that they would become close friends in the times to come as fiery words passed between them. After the Three Hunters were lent horses, Gimli and Éomer parted in peace, with promises to one another of reconciliation.
Of the Three Hunters, Gimli seemed the most shaken by Fangorn Forest while they searched for traces of Merry and Pippin. Gimli felt no reluctance to shoot the 'unarmed' old man whom they thought was Saruman, unlike Aragorn and Legolas. After Gandalf was revealed to them, Gimli fell to his knees. Gandalf put his hand on Gimli's head, and the dwarf laughed for the first time recorded during the Quest of the Ring.
Gimli's ire was raised again in King Théoden's courts against Wormtongue, who spoke slanderously of the Lady of the Golden Wood. Gandalf quickly calmed him. Gimli was delighted by the White Mountains and Helm's Deep, declaring 'This country has tough bones'. He declared that if he had a hundred of his kin he could make the fortress invincible.
War of the Ring
During the Battle of the Hornburg, Gimli saved Éomer's life outside the gates. He came in, boasting of his first two orc-kills to his friend Legolas. Legolas estimated his slaughter to amount to twenty, starting the good-hearted orc-killing game that continued through the rest of the battle. Gimli was the first to the culvert when the orcs crept through, leaping heroically into their midst from the walls. He then proceeded to lead the blocking up of the culvert. During the course of the battle Gimli was one of those forced into the Glittering Caves. He was astonished to see the magnificence of these caverns, moving even Legolas with his glowing description of them. This one sight would change his life. His final kill score number was forty-two in that battle, surpassing his friend the elf by one. Gimli shows a hint of humor and affection when he greets the two Hobbits Merry and Pippin comfortably situated among flotsam and jetsam in the ruin of Isengard. He declared himself deep in Pippin's debt when the hobbit lent him his spare pipe.
Gimli shows some of the stone hardness of Dwarves when they meet Saruman at Orthanc. Saruman uses the power in his voice to sway Théoden to forgive him and make peace, and many of the Rohirrim are moved by his magic and are spell-bound. Unmoved, Gimli comments that Saruman's words cannot be trusted and that from Orthanc, help would mean ruin. Saruman is angered enough by Gimli that for a moment he loses his charm.
As the fellowship of friends again began to break up – Gandalf and Pippin heading for Minas Tirith, Théoden and his riders for Dunharrow – Gimli out of love and respect for Aragorn went with him, Legolas, the sons of Elrond, and the Dúnedain Rangers on the Paths of the Dead. He showed great reluctance before the Dark Door, the final thought that drove him downward was the thought of being bested by an Elf underground.
He participated in the epic Battle of Pelennor Fields, returning with Aragorn and his other companions on the Black Ships, and later recounted their journey to the fascinated Hobbits. He began to fear for Legolas, who seemed entranced by the Sea. His position on Elves completely changed, he remarked "If all the fair folk take to the Havens, it will be a duller world for those who are doomed to stay". He was much more sceptical as to the overall end of Men than his comrade.
Gimli fought in the Battle of the Morannon, passing through unscathed, and finding the alive but bruised Pippin among the dead lying on the hill. He returned to the Field of Cormallen to be reunited to his friends, and there displayed open affection for all of them, even his frequent rival Pippin ('If only because of the pains you have cost me, which I shall never forget').
After the War of the Ring
After the coronation of Aragorn, Gimli said farewell to his old friend Éomer, who begged for pardon as to his words on Galadriel, though he added that he still didn't think she was the fairest in the world. When he added that he considered Arwen the fairest instead, Gimli was content with this.
During the return journey he visited many places with Legolas, including Fangorn Forest and Aglarond. Eventually he returned to Erebor, to find it nearly devastated by war. Dáin II Ironfoot had died, and Thorin III Stonehelm was now King. Eventually, though, he returned to the Glittering Caves with a contingent of dwarves, becoming the 'Lord of the Glittering Caves'. He rebuilt the gates of Minas Tirith with mithril and steel, and in both Gondor and Rohan accomplished great works. In Aglarond, it is assumed, he lived on until he was old, and in Fo.A. 120 he sailed with Legolas his friend across Belegaer to Valinor, becoming the first and only Dwarf to do so.
Gimli throughout the War showed perhaps the greatest open contempt for Sauron and his minions, save possibly Boromir. He was a grim character, for the most part, laughing only occasionally and, though in a few rare situations inspiring amusement, never joking. Due to his comments especially during the initial stage of the journey, he may be called more superstitious than the others, acting very much as if Caradhras was an actual living being.
Gimli also carries the characteristic of smouldering vengeance against enemies found in many dwarves, such as when speaking of Moria. It may be that Gimli's strongest show of sentiment was when speaking of Balin and Moria. He also is shown to have a steadfast nature to match, noticeable, for instance, when he plunges heedlessly across a stagnant creek in his eagerness to get to Moria. He also seems to have a love (or an interest, at least) in food, complementing the lembas of the Elves most highly.
In 1978, Jim Allan noted that the name Gimli appears once in the Völuspá and three times in the Prose Edda. Allan suggested that Gimli means 'One-of-Gimlé/Gimill', where Gimlé/Gimill in the Eddas is a hall of the after-life 'inhabited solely by Light-elves' (evoking Gimli's leaving for Aman).
However, with the publication of The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien in 1981, Tolkien wrote in a draft letter that Gimli's name comes from a poetic Old Norse word, gimm, presumably meaning 'fire'.
Other Versions of the Legendarium
The name 'Gimli' was first used by Tolkien for the name of a Gnome in the Tale of Tinúviel, written in mid-1910s.
In the Adûnaic language described in The Notion Club Papers (1945), gimli (pl. gimil) is the word for 'star', derived from a root G-M-L and having the Characteristic Vowel I. From these derive others words such as igmil 'a star-shaped formation'; and Gimilnitîr 'Star-kindler' (Gilthoniel), a name for Varda.

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Comparative study of photothermolysis of cancer cells with nuclear-targeted or cytoplasm-targeted gold nanospheres: continuous wave or pulsed lasers. Journal of Biomedical Optics. 2010 ;15.
. Inducing Cancer Cell Death by Targeting Its Nucleus: Solid Gold Nanospheres versus Hollow Gold Nanocages. Bioconjugate Chemistry. 2013 ;24:897-906.
. The Most Effective Gold Nanorod Size for Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy: Theory and In Vitro Experiments. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2014 ;118:1319-1326.
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XAV939: From a Small Inhibitor to a Potent Drug Bioconjugate When Delivered by Gold Nanoparticles. Bioconjugate Chemistry. 2014 ;25:207-215.


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LaDainian Tomlinson rules: Tomlinson seems to find ways to top himself with each new game, which is ridiculous, given the season that he's having.
The latest came last night in primetime on national TV, when LT (1) smashed the single-season scoring record (186 and counting) AND (2) broke off the longest TD run of his career (85 yards) AND (3) with 199 rushing yards for the game, he took over the NFL rushing lead from fantasy rival Larry Johnson (on the other sidelines, no less). Oh, and (4) he extended his single-season TD record by two to 31 TDs.
With two games still to play and the Chargers battling for full AFC HFA in the playoffs, Tomlinson can set an unbreakable TD record en route to arguably the greatest season any RB has ever had. The TD record will be the NFL's "56."
Meanwhile, the NFC sucks:
*It sucks that the team with HFA nearly lost in an epic way to a conference bottom-feeder.
*It sucks that the team with the best story in the NFL this season lost to a woeful non-playoff loser.
*It sucks that it looks like (at least) one of the NFC's playoff teams will have a .500 record.
*And it sucks that -- somehow, some way -- the Giants are still in the NFC playoff picture despite being worse over the last half-dozen games than any NFC team with more than 2 wins.
More NFL analysis in the post below or click here.
Will T.O. be punished for spitting in the face of DeAngelo Hall? Hall isn't exactly a sympathetic figure, but spit-in-face is one of the few remaining taboos in NFL (or sports) culture. More likely, it'll simply be more fodder for everyone who hates Owens.
NBA Brawlin': Speaking of punishment, who wants to guess how many combined games the 10 Knicks and Nuggets will get from the MSG Brawl? It's much more interesting than guessing the number that Carmelo Anthony alone will get. I'm setting an over-under at 50 combined games among the 10 players (...and maybe a coach?)
(Because the real intrigue is whether David Stern will punish Isiah Thomas for what sounded an awful lot like an admission that Mardy Collins' hard foul wasn't just intentional, but ordered by Thomas, who probably never expected it to become so brawlicious.)
More NBA: Gilbert Arenas is awesome. He's more than just my favorite NBA player; he's the new single-game scoring leader in the NBA this season, hanging 60 points on the Lakers last night – in
MLB Hot Stove: Who had "two weeks" in the office pool question over when the first concerns about JD Drew's health status would pop up for Boston. And it sounds like his deal isn't completely finalized. I smell a reversal of fortune, literally and figuratively.
College Hoops: Late-entry freshman Bill Walker took his first steps toward being a Top 5 NBA pick in the 2007 draft, making his debut for


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Yesterday's Kill Thread was one for the ages. Was it because it was posted at 9/9/09 at 9am? Whatever the reason, when all three survivors missed the mark with their collective four shots, we were left with a most unexpected, bizarre non-ending that I certainly didn't see coming.
But you know who did foresee the craziness, 22 hours before it all went down? See 4:59pm here.
So I guess we'll rack 'em up and do it again!
Side discussion/rules thread here.


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- Coughing syncope
- The temporary loss of consciousness upon coughing. Syncope is the temporary loss of consciousness or, in plain English, fainting. The situations that trigger this reaction are diverse and include having blood drawn, straining while urinating (micturition syncope) or defecating, coughing or swallowing. The reaction also can be due to the emotional stress of fear or pain. Under these conditions, people often become pale and feel nauseated, sweaty, and weak just before they lose consciousness. Situational syncope is caused by a reflex of the involuntary nervous system called the vasovagal reaction. The vasovagal reaction leads the heart to slow down (bradycardia) and, at the same time, it leads the nerves to the blood vessels in the legs to permit those vessels to dilate (widen). The result is that the heart puts out less blood, the blood pressure drops, and what blood is circulating tends to go into the legs rather than to the head. The brain is then deprived of oxygen, and the fainting episode occurs. The vasovagal reaction is also called a vasovagal attack. And situational syncope is also called vasovagal syncope, vasodepressor syncope, and Gower syndrome after Sir William Richard Gower (1845-1915), a famous English neurologist whose name is also associated with a sign, a solution, another syndrome, and a tract in the central nervous system.
Medical dictionary. 2011.


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The full details of two controversial experiments on bird flu should be published openly, says a panel convened by the World Health Organization.
But information about the studies should remain secret a while longer so that there's time to address public concerns, the group recommends. The experiments should stay on hold, too.
The research in question produced genetically altered bird flu viruses, and critics say these germs could be dangerous for people if they ever escaped the lab. A committee that advises the U. S. government on security issues related to biological research recently said that key details should be kept under wraps, so as not to give terrorists ideas.
The WHO panel, in contrast, held a closed-door session to consider the matter and concluded that full publication is preferable.
The panel, which was composed mostly of virologists, felt that it would be too difficult to set up some kind of secure system that would share redacted information only with legitimate scientists. They noted that much information about the two flu studies is already out there anyway, and that this is crucial science for helping to spot an emerging pandemic that might occur if bird flu mutates out in nature.
But they said publication should wait, possibly for a few months, until a public communication campaign could calm fears and explain the benefits of the work.
A scientists' voluntary moratorium on any additional work with these viruses, or the creation of more like them, should continue while issues related to biosafety and biosecurity are assessed.
Bruce Alberts, editor-in-chief of the journal Science, wants to publish one of the flu experiment manuscripts in some form. He expressed surprise that the committee had reached a decision. "We didn't think that that was going to happen today," Alberts said. "I'm not completely clear about what the decision means, because it's qualified."
He said his journal and the journal Nature had been on track to publish redacted versions of the flu experiment manuscripts in mid-March. "Certainly that's now not going to happen," Alberts said.
"My reading is that both Nature and Science are to wait until we get some further information from the WHO and other authorities on when, in fact, we are able to publish the full manuscripts," Alberts said. "We're waiting for information that will clarify what is desired by the international community and by governments."
Thomas Inglesby, director of the Center for Biosecurity of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, who has been a vocal critic of the bird flu studies, said he was pleased that the panel saw the need to extend the current moratorium on doing experiments with these viruses or creating more like them.
"The problem here is not one of just improving public communication," he said." "The problem is deciding whether the benefits of doing more work to make H5N1 more transmissible are worth the dangers of accident or misuse."
In his view, it will be critical that any future WHO-led deliberations on this work include public health officials, physicians and other representatives of society that have concerns about the risks of the research.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The Collection
The Museum's permanent collection offers a rich photographic heritage, both as an expressive medium and a documentary record. The collection holds more than 9,000 images and objects include works by Margaret Bourke-White, Alfred Stieglitz, and Ruth Bernhard among 850 other photographers, and a wealth of representative examples of different photographic styles, genres and techniques, from early 19th century daguerreotypes and albumen prints to pictorialism, cutting-edge documentary and photojournalism, and digitally constructed imagery. While the entire collection illustrates the complex and varied history of the medium, in terms of subject matter and genres, MOPA's collection is particularly strong in mid-twentieth century Soviet Russian photography, and social documentary photography and photojournalism.
MOPA's archive has been viewed in much broader terms than as a mere repository designed to protect and preserve historic work. All of the materials in its collection are regarded as important community assets, and adjuncts to its exhibition and educational programs, reflecting its curatorial tenet that, "although art objects are carefully preserved within the museum space, the collection as a whole is held by the public, representing who we are and what we value as a culture."
Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Works
Nineteenth-century works by Matthew Brady, Jeremiah Gurney, Julia Margaret Cameron, Hill & Adamson and expeditionary photographers Francis Frith, Samuel Bourne and John Thomson; early 20th-century holdings by Alfred Stieglitz, Clarence White, Edward Steichen, Eugene Atget, Alvin Langdon Coburn, Paul Strand, Richard Throssel, Peter Henry Emerson and Lewis Hine; and World War II and Depression-era images by such artists as Berenice Abbott, Weegee, Lisette Model, Dorothea Lange, Arthur Rothstein, Horace Bristol, André Kertész, Henri Cartier-Bresson, August Sander, Ben Shahn and photomontage work by John Heartfield.
Social documentary and photojournalism are represented with images by W. Eugene Smith, Margaret Bourke-White, Susan Meiselas, Alex Webb, Charles Moore, Hansel Mieth, Max Yavno, Don Bartletti, and James Nachtwey. The collection also represents a number of important Latin American artists, including Manuel Alvarez Bravo, Lazaro Blanco-Fuentes, Mario Cravo Neto, Graciela Iturbide, Alberto Korda, Miguel Rio Branco, Sebastião Salgado, Rafael Serrano, Mario Algaze, Flor Garduño, and Mariana Yampolsky.
*Please note that only certain selections from the permanent collection are on view.


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Do you know what you're doing while you're asleep? If you're like millions of other people, you could be talking, walking, or even having sex in your sleep. Here are some of the crazy things we do when we're asleep, and how—if you're someone who suffers from them—you can find some relief.
We've all heard of people who sleepwalk or sleeptalk, but what about sleep driving? Or sleep eating? They're both very real conditions. Some people even get into fistfights with their partners while they sleep. A british actor, recently convicted of rape, tried to use another real medical condition, sexsomnia, as a defense in his case. The jury didn't buy it, but the condition itself is actually real.
In this post we'll walk through some of these sleep conditions and some potential treatments that might help you get a better night's rest. To help, we called Dr. Nitun Verma, a specialist in sleep medicine and the Medical Director of the Washington Township Center for Sleep Disorders in the Bay Area.
The Two Types of Disorders that Rob You of a Good Night's Sleep
We've discussed some common sleep conditions like snoring, insomnia, and sleep apnea, but when it comes to those "strange things people do in their sleep," there are two types of conditions: REM behavior disorder, and parasomnias. Photo by Helder Almeida (Shutterstock).
Parasomnias are a class of disorders that include most of the strange behaviors you've likely heard of. Sleepwalking, talking in your sleep (also known as somniloquy), sleep eating, and sexsomina are all parasomnias. According to Dr. Verma, they normally take place in the first half of the night, an effect of disrupted slow wave sleep. Not all parasomnias result in people getting up and moving around. Some people experience night terrors that can lead to shouting or flailing about in bed, experience restless leg syndrome, or hear loud noises that no one else can hear. A few examples:
I heard about one patient who, after getting the wrong sleep medication, sleep drove to Taco Bell, ate a ton of burritos, then returned home to bed. He didn't remember any of it but put the pieces together when he found hot sauce packets all over himself. Textbook sleepwalking, which is a parasomnia.
I remember another patient who is a high profile professor at a prestigious university. He suffered from
exploding head syndrome
, where he would hear a violent explosion in his head just as he started to fall asleep. Frightened since he thought he was having an aneurysm or stroke, he went to the ER, but all tests came out normal. Since it happened every day and he couldn't sleep, he quit his tenure job. After seeing many neurologists, he came to me. A targeted low dose of an appropriate medication fixed his sleep, and he went back to his job after a week.
With parasomnias, the sufferer will likely never remember or know about their condition until someone tells them or they find evidence of their activity. A person who talks in their sleep may never know they have a problem until they share a bed with someone who has the dubious pleasure of hearing their midnight speeches.
REM Behavior Disorder
REM behavior disorder, or RBD, as the name implies, takes place later in the night, during the phases of sleep where rapid eye movement occurs. People who suffer from RBDs usually "act out dreams," and remember the dream they were acting out, although they may not understand what happened when they first wake up. In the dream, their action may be completely justified, but to an outside observer, their actions may be completely meaningless or random. Dr. Verma offers an example:
A father was arrested when he dreamt his house was on fire and he 'saved' his newborn baby by throwing him out the window to firefighters below to catch. Trouble was, there was no fire, no firefighters, but he did throw the baby out the window (The baby was ok). This is a classic REM behavior disorder.
Another example comes from comedian Mike Birbiglia, who appeared on This American Life and explained his struggle with RBD and how he used to stand on the bed in the middle of the night thinking there was a jackal in the room he needed to fight off. The video here is actually the trailer to his movie, Sleepwalk With Me, a comedy that deals with the issue.
Treat Sleep Disorders with Good Sleep Hygiene (and Expert Help)
Since parasomnias range from sleep driving to simply talking in your sleep, treatments vary. People who grind their teeth may get a mouth guard, but people with night terrors may need therapy. Someone who suddenly starts fighting the person next to them in bed because they're dreaming there's an intruder should, without delay, see a physician who specializes in sleep medicine. In many cases, there's medication (ranging from prescription clonazepam to over-the-counter melatonin) that can help you stay comfortably asleep at night. Still, Dr. Verma reminds us that If you can't see a doctor for some reason or your condition is mild, upgrading your sleep rituals and habits may be the key to a better night's rest for everyone involved:
Think of the brain with many parts that don't sleep and wake in unison. So if the part of the brain that controls the legs wakes before the rest, there is a risk of sleepwalking. So while the perfect fix would be helping all the parts of the brain wake and sleep in unison, we don't really know how to do that. So what we focus on (and readers can do by themselves) is their sleep hygiene. It results in less awakenings at night, which means less chance of parasomnias.
Relax before bed. Making time for a little meditation or even just some quiet time to destress from the busy day can work wonders and lead to a deeper, fuller night's sleep with fewer inturruptions, whether they're dreams so vivid that you start talking out loud or get up and walk around your house. Photo by Sarah G..
Get regular exercise. While it's not a direct relationship between exercise and sleep disorders, good, regular exercise does improve the quality of your sleep, and can lead to fewer arousals overnight, which in theory should keep you in bed, quiet, and sleeping deeply longer.
Cut back on screen time before bed. We've said this before a few times, but study after study all point to the notion that electronic devices mess with our sleep cycles. If you're an otherwise normal sleeper, you may be able to muddle through this, but if you have a sleep disorder like a parasomnia, maintaining a solid, healthy sleep cycle is imperative. Turn off the screens at least two hours before bed, Dr. Verma recommends, or at least don't let the last thing you see before you close your eyes be your smartphone or tablet. Don't worry, it'll be there when you wake up. While you're at it, put it on silent so it doesn't wake you up in the middle of the night. Photo by Miramiska.
Cut back on alcohol, caffeine, and cigarettes. All three can seriously disrupt your sleep cycles, especially alcohol and caffeine. This study compared the effects of all three, and for someone with a serious sleep disorder, eliminating these—at least in the hours before sleep—will be one of the first things your doctor asks you do to.
Tweak your bedroom for optimal sleep. Heavy, light-blocking curtains, soft surfaces, and a comfortable bed will do a lot to improve your overall quality of sleep, which will in turn help you beat back some of these disorders, especially when they're mild. A deeper, more restful sleeper is usually one who doesn't talk in his sleep, for example.
For more sleep hygeine tips, check out our guide to getting better sleep. Better sleep hygiene can go a long way, but it shouldn't stop you from seeking the help of an expert on the matter even if you think your condition is mild. Sometimes the solution may be behavioral, or as simple as a melatonin supplement before bed.
How to Help Someone with a Sleep Disorder
So far we've discussed what to do if you're the person suffering from an RBD or a parasomnia. If you're the person sleeping next to someone who talks in their sleep or sleepwalks, Dr. Verma explains the best thing you can do is treat them with a gentle hand:
Roommate sleep walking? Gently guide them back to their bedroom. If they are going for a knife, intervene aggressively! If they already have the knife, run aggressively! The reason people say "don't wake the sleepwalker" is because since they aren't fully alert, they may respond aggressively to you. I have never done restraints because they will hurt themselves with those too.
For mild occasional sleep walking, take precautions: place heavy curtains on windows (so you don't cut your self if jumping out), install an alarm on your doors, sleep on the floor, sleep on the first floor of the house, hide any keys or knives.
Trying to restrain someone who's known to sleepwalk, or move the snacks away from someone who sleep eats is usually counterproductive. A sleepwalking person may struggle so hard against their restraints that they injure themselves, or if the restraints are part of their dream, they may ignore pain to break free. Putting the snacks on the top shelf will just make the sleep eater try to get to the top shelf, and potentially hurt themselves. Instead, gently guide the sleepwalker back to bed and help them get comfortable. Photo by auremar (Shutterstock).
Speak softly to them and don't try to wake them from their slumber. The reason people say you shouldn't wake a sleepwalker is because when we wake up, we're naturally disoriented as we move from unconsciousness to consciousness. What may be clear as day while we're asleep is difficult to comprehend as we wake up, and a sleepwalker who wakes mid-stroll may be confused, disoriented, or frightened. They may even react violently out of fear. A sleep driver on the other hand should be urged to pull over as soon as possible—call the police to find and escort the vehicle if possible, and hide the car keys next time.
People do some really crazy things while they're asleep, and unfortunately we just don't understand how the brain works enough to really pinpoint why and how to stop it proactively before symptoms manifest. That doesn't mean that there's nothing you can do though. In some cases, getting into a healthy relationship with sleep is the best way to ease sleep disorders and feel more rested in the morning as a result. For serious conditions or mild ones that persist no matter what you do, never hesitate to see an expert.
Dr. Nitun Verma, MD is a specialist in sleep medicine and the Medical Director of the Washington Township Center for Sleep Disorders in the Bay Area. He has offered his tips for better sleep here before, and he graciously volunteered his expertise for this piece as well. We thank him, and you can follow him on Twitter at @nitunverma.


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BIG VISION BV Satellite Receiver
BIG VISION BV flash dump file or the flash file is a boot information data with software/program of a satellite receiver, which is located at EEPROM, or Flash IC or Memory IC of BIG VISION BV receiver. The main processor/Microcontroller retrieves the information from memory ic when it is power on to know how to work/boot.
If the Flash IC/Memory IC of the BIG VISION BV receiver is damaged for any reason or its software/firmware malfunctions due to any reason then the Main controller does not get any boot/basic information and the satellite receiver BIG VISION BV does not turn on. In this situation, we need to reprogram the flash ic of the BIG VISION BV receiver with the matched hardware flash dump file to get the receiver in normal condition. A flash dump file of BIG VISION BV is shared for technician/user support.
Information and Specifications of BIG VISION BV:
- Manufacturer: BIG
- Box Model: VISION BV
- Main Board: M3329HM21A
- Main Controller or Chipset:
- Software Version:
- Box Type: Digital Full HD
- Flash Type: SPI SOP8/SOIC8
- Flash Memory: GD25Q32B
- Flash Size: 4 Mb
- Software Type: Backup Dump
- Download File Format: ZIP
- Download Type: Free
Special Note:
Given BIG VISION BV receiver software is a backup dump flash file that can be loaded by a Programmer or with a Loader tool in the dead receiver or can be upgraded/downgraded in the working receiver by the USB Upgrade method or with STB Upgrade Tool. Flash Dump Files Team is not responsible for any type of damage/loss because of uploading/downloading the software.
BIG VISION BV dump file free download.


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Just what the title says - this is the place to chat about things non-LOTRO or MMO related. However, please refrain from conversations about politics or religion, as they never end well. The Forums Guidelines apply here too! Doubly so!
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Please see the latest update (12/4) on this fast-moving story here: Fugitive Software Guru John McAfee Seeks 'Asylum' in Guatemala, Claims He'll Be Killed in Belize
Update 12/3 10:30 a.m. EST: In a posting on his website, John McAfee (or someone writing under his name) claims that the fugitive software pioneer has fled Belize and is now safely outside the country "in the company of two intrepid journalist[s] from Vice Magazine, and, of course, Sam." (Sam is the young woman McAfee has been hiding out with.) McAfee claims to have dispatched a body double carrying a North Korean passport under his name, who was briefly detained in Mexico, before being released. "I left Belize because of a series of events which led both Sam and I to believe that she was in danger of capture," McAfee writes. He also suggests, as he has in the past, that the entire episode is the result of his one-man crusade to battle corruption in Belize. I'll update the story as more details become available.
Three weeks ago, police in the small Central American country of Belize discovered U.S. software mogul John McAfee's neighbor, 52-year old American businessman Gregory Faull, lying dead in a pool of blood with a 9-mm. bullet wound to the head. Just days earlier, authorities had been summoned to McAfee's beachfront home after the eccentric software millionaire shot four of his own dogs, in order, he claimed, to put them out of their misery after they had been poisoned by unknown assailants.
Belizean authorities insist they only want to question McAfee about the murder — he hasn't been charged with a crime. But rather than submit to questioning, the 67-year-old McAfee freaked out and declared that he would be killed if taken into custody by Belizean authorities. That, apparently, is why McAfee has decided to lead Belizean authorities, not to mention the international press corps, on a rapidly escalating wild goose chase that keeps getting weirder by the day. Reached by phone, a spokesman for McAfee claimed not to know where his client was, but acknowledged that McAfee is on the run.
"We have no idea where he is," the McAfee spokesman told TIME. "But it seemed very unsafe for him to remain in Belize." Earlier an item on McAfee's personal website said: "We have received an unconfirmed report that John McAfee has been captured at the border of Belize and Mexico." Belizean officials denied that report, but said they do not know McAfee's whereabouts. The country's prime minister has publicly referred to McAfee as "bonkers."
(MORE: Who's to Blame for Hewlett-Packard's Multi-Billion Dollar Autonomy Debacle?)
Earlier Saturday, CNN aired a cloak-and-dagger flavored interview with McAfee, who was questioned by veteran correspondent Martin Savidge, after an elaborate set-up involving secret passwords, multiple cellphone numbers, and different drivers. "I will certainly not turn myself in, and I will certainly not quit fighting," McAfee told CNN. He added that fugitive-living had begun to take its toll on his previously lavish lifestyle. "It hasn't been a lot of fun," he said. "I miss my prior life. Much of it has been deprivation. No baths, poor food."
John McAfee is one of the more well-known figures to come out of Silicon Valley's software boom. He founded the anti-virus computer software firm that bears his name, and his net worth is estimated to have been $100 million at its peak. Nearly two decades ago McAfee left the company and hasn't been involved since. In 2010, McAfee Inc. was acquired by chip giant Intel for $7.7 billion.
In 2008, McAfee moved to Belize, where he purchased several tracts of property, and soon launched a herbal drug venture. That's when the trouble began. Instead of leading a quiet life of beach-front relaxation, McAfee reportedly embarked on a course of personal excess that allegedly involved a "retinue of prostitutes," an exotic and highly dangerous designer drug known as MPVD (aka bath salts), and shotgun-toting enforcers. Science journalist Jeff Wise, who has travelled to see McAfee in Belize, said his most recent visit "really scared the hell out of me."
"Around the time his herbal drug plan collapsed, he started to get really heavily into this kind of synthetic, hallucinogenic hyper-aphrodisiac," Wise told FoxNews.com. "Everyone was scared of McAfee. He was walking around the beach carrying a gun." Earlier this year, according to Wise, local authorities raided McAfee's home, where the 67-year-old was found living with a 17-year-old Belizean girl, and discovered "seven pump-action shotguns, one single-action shotgun, two 9-mm. pistols, 270 shotgun cartridges, 30 9-mm. pistol rounds, and twenty .38 rounds." After fourteen hours in custody, McAfee was released.
Wise also reported that McAfee allegedly liked to frequent drug-themed online message boards, where he discussed his affection for MPVD, and offered helpful pointers about how to consume the substance via rectal insertion. "I think it's the finest drug ever conceived, not just for the indescribable hypersexuality, but also for the smooth euphoria and mild comedown," McAfee is alleged to have written. Boasting of his expertise, McAfee allegedly added: "We're in an arena (drugs/libido) that I navigate as well as anyone on the planet here."
(MORE: SAC Capital: Feds Are Probing Insider Trading Scandal)
Meanwhile, according to The New York Times, McAfee embarked on a one-man crusade to "clean up" a small Belizean village named Carmelita, after being convinced by a local prostitute that the town was "riddled with crime and a hub of narco-trafficking." McAfee reportedly "converted a local brothel into a bar and a family swimming-pool area, christening it Studio 54." (Nothing unusual about that.)
Over the last few weeks since the murder of his neighbor, McAfee's behavior has grown increasingly erratic, even by his own standards. He has called numerous journalists with rambling explanations of his conduct, including a now-infamous episode last Friday when he dropped the F-bomb live on CNBC (at 6:52 in this video). (A Wired magazine reporter described McAfee as "unhinged.") Then, on Saturday morning, CNN aired its interview with McAfee, in which the network revealed the fugitive's disguise.
No one has heard from McAfee since Friday night, and he did not return a request for comment left by TIME on his cell-phone voice-mail. According to his spokesman, McAfee has been on the run with another person, described as a young woman in her early twenties. It's unclear if the pair have been separated, or even apprehended. McAfee's camp could not confirm his whereabouts, but claimed to have been told that he had been taken into custody near the border with Mexico. Belizean officials did not immediately respond to a request for comment, but a local reporter in Belize told the San Jose Mercury News that McAfee was still on the lam as of Saturday night. "I can tell you positively that John McAfee has not been captured," Jorge Aldana, a senior reporter at the San Pedro Sun, told the paper.
(MORE: Google CEO Meets with Feds as U.S. Senator Blasts FTC Over Antitrust Probe)
San Pedro Mayor Daniel Guerrero, who's in charge of the beachside town some 160 miles from Belize City, also knocked down reports of McAfee's capture: "It's not true." Guerrero said that local police have informed him that McAfee is still at large, and said that officers have been conducting what the paper described as "house-to-house searches on the north end of Ambergris Caye, the island where San Pedro sits." Meanwhile, McAfee is nowhere to be found.
It's not clear how this saga will play out, but many questions remain. Has McAfee been caught somewhere near the Belize/Mexico border, as his website suggested? Or is he hiding out somewhere in the jungle in Belize, or even Guatemala, and laughing at everyone? If he is still at large, is he travelling with another person? Are they carrying any weapons or large sums of hard currency? If they are running, how do they plan to escape the country: by air, sea, or land? Finally, just what — if anything — does McAfee know about the murder of his neighbor?
One thing we do know for sure: McAfee is an extremely smart — if wildly eccentric — person with a penchant for publicity and practical jokes. He has repeatedly insisted that he will not turn himself in to authorities, claiming he would be killed if he did so. But as each day goes by, and McAfee's predicament gains worldwide notoriety, this situation is growing increasingly bizarre. It's unlikely that he'll be able to keep running forever.


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Madame Speaker, this year marks the thirtieth anniversary of the Charter 77 movement. Along with other colleagues from the Helsinki Commission, which I had the privilege of Chairing and Co-Chairing from 1985 to 1994, I rise today to commemorate Charter 77's extraordinary accomplishments, and to praise Vaclav Havel, a founding member of the Charter 77 movement and Czechoslovakia's first President after the fall of communism.
Twenty years ago this month, I led a Congressional delegation to Czechoslovakia – my first trip to that country. At that time, I was assured by Czechoslovak Government officials that Charter 77 was only a small group, and there was no need to have a dialogue with its members. In an apparent effort to underscore their point, the regime detained several Chartists to keep them from meeting with our delegation: Vaclav Havel, Petr Uhl and Jiri Dienstbier were all arrested in Prague; Miklos Duray was prevented from traveling to Prague from Slovakia; and although Petr Puspoki-Nagy made it to Prague, he was also immediately detained on his arrival.
Although I was deprived of the chance to meet these individuals in person, I was already well aware of their work. In fact, the Helsinki Commission's second hearing, held in February 1977, published the full text of the Charter 77 manifesto at the request of one of our witnesses, Mrs. Anna Faltus. We owe a special debt of gratitude to the late Mrs. Faltus, who worked tirelessly for decades as an advocate for a free Czechoslovakia. To this end, she made sure that the documents of Charter 77 and the Committee for the Defense of the Unjustly Persecuted were quickly translated and widely disseminated to policy makers and human rights advocates. Her effort made it possible for the Helsinki Commission to publish (in 1982 and in 1987) selected and representatives texts of the Charter 77 movement.
Looking back, the breadth of those documents is truly remarkably, touching on everything from the legacy of World War II to the country's economic situation; from contemporary music to nuclear energy. But the common thread that bound these diverse statements together was a commitment to promote and protect "the right of the individual to know and act upon his rights." This right was freely adopted by the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic when Gustav Husak fixed his signature to the Helsinki Final Act in 1975.
It was, of course, with great interest that I discussed Charter 77, first with Czechoslovak officials during my February 1987 trip to Prague, then with Czechoslovak parliamentarians visiting Washington in June 1988 (a delegation which included Prague Communist Party boss Miroslav Stepan), and then with the Czechoslovak delegation to the 1989 Paris Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension. In these meetings, as well as in correspondence with the Czechoslovak Ambassador to the United States, I was told that Charter 77 didn't represent public opinion. I was warned that siding with Charter 77 would not help bilateral relations, and I was assured that democracy was coming soon to Czechoslovakia – "socialist democracy."
Needless to say, I was not convinced by my interlocutors: I was not convinced that Augustin Navratil was actually being treated for a mental health condition, rather than being persecuted for his religious activism. I was frankly disgusted when the Czechoslovak delegation to the Paris meeting baldly lied about Jiri Wolf, telling us he had been released early from his prison sentence as a "humanitarian" gesture, and then shrugging with indifference when they were caught in their lie. Most of all, I did not believe that Vaclav Havel was a criminal and Charter 77 merely an "insignificant" group.
In fact, in 1989 Senator Dennis DeConcini and I nominated Vaclav Havel for the Nobel Peace Prize. As Senator DeConcini said, "[i]n spite of relentless harassment by the authorities, including imprisonment, repeated detentions, house searches, and confiscation of property, Havel has remained active in the struggle for human rights. . . . Havel is now in prison, but he is not alone in his cause. In a dramatic move . . . over 700 of his colleagues – playwrights, producers, artists, and actors – signed a petition calling for his release and the release of others [similarly imprisoned.] For these people, like many others in his country, Vaclav Havel has become a symbol of an enduring and selfless commitment to human rights."
Madame Speaker, on this 30th anniversary of the founding of the Charter 77 movement, I rise to commend and remember the courageous men and women, signatories and supporters, who paved the way for the peaceful transition from communism in Czechoslovakia and restoration of Europe, whole and free. On this anniversary, I give special tribute to Vaclav Havel, playwright and president, and his singular role in leading his country to freedom.


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We want you to keep two for yourself, give two to your bestie (it's the least you can do to make up for them having to put up with you) and pay two forward to someone whose day they will make - could be somebody else who entered the giveaway and didn't win (because you did), the homeless guy on the corner who could probably really use a lipbalm in this cold weather or somebody at work who looks like they're having a crap day - anybody you think whose day will be brightened by them!
Think giving and receiving both rock? Then read on...
1 entry for following and leaving a comment answering the question - who would you give your pay it forward balms to? Please also leave your e-mail so we can find you if you win!
And for extra entries you can do one or both of the following:
1 entry for following @Beautycrazedcan on Twitter and tweeting the contest
If you prefer not to leave your info on a public post, please leave a post saying you want to enter and then e-mail your info to firstname.lastname@example.com, please put "eos Contest" in the subject line. Remember to leave a post or you name won't actually end up in the draw! Winner to be decided by random drawing and you have until December 14th to enter. Good Luck!


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No Child Left Behind: What does it mean for teachers?
On January 8, 2002, President Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). The purpose of NCLB is to "ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging state academic achievement standards and state assessments."
In addition to requiring every state to set student achievement standards and to hold schools accountable for every student making adequate yearly progress, NCLB calls for highly qualified teachers and paraprofessionals in the nation's classrooms.
Follow the links below to learn more about the federal requirements for teachers. Two Main Components of NCLB's Teacher Quality Regulations: Parents' Right to Know and Teacher Quality Requirements
Core Academic Subjects
General Definition of a Highly Qualified Teacher
Maryland's HOUSSE
If You Are Not Highly Qualified
Special Areas: Special Education, ESOL, and Reading
Achieving "highlqualified" status under No Child Left Behind-Using Maryland's HOUSSE Except for "Using Maryland's HOUSSE," this content was adapted from "NCLB Update," November 2003, published by Howard County Public Schools.
ParaprofessionalsDocuments that address commonly asked questions about the paraprofessional qualification requirements of Section 1119 of Title I, as amended by the No Child Left Behind Act.
Instructional Paraprofessionals and ParaPro AssessmentDr. John E. Smeallie, Assistant State SuperintendentDivision of Certification and Accreditation