text:
This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Melissa Block.
And I'm Audie Cornish.
We begin this hour with the latest developments from Ukraine and some of the responses from Western powers. Washington is offering financial advice and is now considering a $1 billion loan-guarantee package to help support the Ukrainian economy. In a moment, we'll hear how the British government views the crisis.
But first, in an effort to create some stability, a new cabinet was named in Kiev today. Ukrainian's former finance minister will serve as the country's acting prime minister. This comes as tensions in pro-Russian eastern Ukrainian and Crimea are rising. NPR's Peter Kenyon begins our coverage from Kiev.
PETER KENYON, BYLINE: The crowd in Independent Square was in no mood for business as usual.
KENYON: Heroes don't die was the chant after a public funeral for one of the estimated 88 demonstrators who died when riot police, backed by snipers, stormed the square last week. For those standing vigil here, those people didn't die to recycle familiar political faces. There were some boos when interim president Olexander Turchynov addressed the crowd. He appealed urgently for their support and described the new government as people who are sacrificing their popularity and possibly their careers to implement the kind of painful but badly needed economic austerity measures past governments have avoided.
OLEXANDER TURCHYNOV: (Through translator) Friends, I want to tell you that this cabinet is doomed. Three or four months and they won't be able to work anymore because they have to implement very unpopular decisions, not those decisions chanted by the populous but the ones that will prevent Ukraine from default, restore the trust of investors and help provide a normal life for Ukrainians.
UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Olexander Turchynov, (unintelligible)...
KENYON: The names of cabinet ministers were read out, some clearly technocrats, others making a return to power, such as the proposed foreign minister who has held the post twice before. The new prime minister, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, is from the Yulia Tymoshenko camp. Tymoshenko herself, recently out of jail, may run for president on May 25th. Yatsenyuk's return to power was a severe disappointment to Ukrainians such as Darya Tsymbalyuk, who says the last thing she wants for Ukraine's future is the return of the Tymoshenko-Yatsenyuk camp to power.
DARYA TSYMBALYUK: Ms. Tymoshenko especially because she belongs to the old system. And I don't think she'll bring any changes, yeah? And I don't think people - I mean, people who have died, they didn't die for her. I don't mind her to be liberated, but I think if she has any kind of dignity, she should leave politics.
: (Foreign language spoken)
KENYON: To the southeast, tensions were rising in Simferopol, capital of the semi-autonomous Crimean Peninsula. Pro-Russian demonstrators faced off opposite Muslim Crimean Tatars, waving Ukrainian flags and demanding to stay with Ukraine. Orders from Moscow to check troop readiness near the country's border with Ukraine and to ensure the safety of the Black Sea fleet at Sevastopol further inflamed anxieties.
Asan, a Tatar who took part in the demonstration, reached by phone, said their message is simple, avoid violence and keep Crimea as it is.
ASAN: (Through translator) Crimean Tatars are protecting the current status of Crimea as part of an independent Ukraine. The other side came out with slogans like Crimea is Russia and so on, and complained about some kind of mythical oppression of Russian-speaking Ukrainians
KENYON: Ukraine's former president, Viktor Yanukovych, who is not especially popular even in Crimea, it seems, is believed to be hiding somewhere in the pro-Russian east, a fugitive from the new opposition-led authorities. His future is just one more question mark in a country riddled with uncertainties. Peter Kenyon, NPR News, Kiev. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


text:
You Could Have Invented Monads! (And Maybe You Already Have.)
If you hadn't guessed, this is about monads as they appear in pure functional programming languages like Haskell. They are closely related to the monads of category theory, but are not exactly the same because Haskell doesn't enforce the identities satisfied by categorical monads.
Writing introductions to monads seems to have developed into an industry. There's a gentle Introduction, a Haskell Programmer's introduction with the advice "Don't Panic", an introduction for the "Working Haskell Programmer" and countless others that introduce monads as everything from a type of functor to a type of space suit.
But all of these introduce monads as something esoteric in need of explanation. But what I want to argue is that they aren't esoteric at all. In fact, faced with various problems in functional programming you would have been led, inexorably, to certain solutions, all of which are examples of monads. In fact, I hope to get you to invent them now if you haven't already. It's then a small step to notice that all of these solutions are in fact the same solution in disguise. And after reading this, you might be in a better position to understand other documents on monads because you'll recognise everything you see as something you've already invented.
Many of the problems that monads try to solve are related to the issue of side effects. So we'll start with them. (Note that monads let you do more than handle side-effects, in particular many types of container object can be viewed as monads. Some of the introductions to monads find it hard to reconcile these two different uses of monads and concentrate on just one or the other.)
Side Effects: Debugging Pure Functions
In an imperative programming language such as C++, functions behave nothing like the functions of mathematics. For example, suppose we have a C++ function that takes a single floating point argument and returns a floating point result. Superficially it might seem a little like a mathematical function mapping reals to reals, but a C++ function can do more than just return a number that depends on its arguments. It can read and write the values of global variables as well as writing output to the screen and receiving input from the user. In a pure functional language, however, a function can only read what is supplied to it in its arguments and the only way it can have an effect on the world is through the values it returns.
So consider this problem in a pure functional language: we have functions f and g that both map floats to floats, but we'd like to modify these functions to also output strings for debugging purposes. In Haskell, f and g might have types given by
f,g :: Float -> Float
How can we modify the types of f and g to admit side effects? Well there really isn't any choice at all. If we'd like f' and g' to produce strings as well as floating point numbers as output, then the only possible way is for these strings to be returned alongside the floating point numbers. In other words, we need f' and g' to be of type
f',g' :: Float -> (Float,String)
We can draw this diagrammatically as
| f'|
| \
| |
f x "f was called."
We can think of these as 'debuggable' functions.
But suppose now that we'd like to debug the composition of two such functions. We could simply compose our original functions, f and g, to form f . g. But our debuggable functions aren't quite so straightforward to deal with. We'd like the strings returned by f' and g' to be concatenated into one longer debugging string (the one from f' after the one from g'). But we can't simply compose f' and g' because the return value of g' is not of the same type as the argument to f'. We could write code in a style like this:
let (y,s) = g' x
(z,t) = f' y in (z,s++t)
Here's how it looks diagramatically:
| g'|
| \
+---+ | "g was called."
| f'| |
+---+ |
| \ |
| \ |
| +----+
| | ++ |
| +----+
| |
f (g x) "g was called.f was called."
This is hard work every time we need to compose two functions and if we had to do implement this kind of plumbing all the way through our code it would be a pain. What we need is to define a higher order function to perform this plumbing for us. As the problem is that the output from g' can't simply be plugged into the input to f', we need to 'upgrade' f'. So we introduce a function, 'bind', to do this. In other words we'd like
bind f' :: (Float,String) -> (Float,String)
which implies that
bind :: (Float -> (Float,String)) -> ((Float,String) -> (Float,String))
bind must serve two purposes: it must (1) apply f' to the correct part of g' x and (2) concatenate the string returned by g' with the string returned by f'.
Exercise One
Write the function bind.
bind f' (gx,gs) = let (fx,fs) = f' gx in (fx,gs++fs)
Given a pair of debuggable functions, f' and g', we can now compose them together to make a new debuggable function bind f' . g'. Write this composition as f'*g'. Even though the output of g' is incompatible with the input of f' we still have a nice easy way to concatenate their operations. And this suggests another question: is there an 'identity' debuggable function. The ordinary identity has these properties: f . id = f and id . f = f. So we're looking for a debuggable function, call it unit, such that unit * f = f * unit = f. Obviously we'd expect it to produce the empty debugging string and otherwise act a bit like the identity.
Exercise Two
Define unit.
unit x = (x,"")
The unit allows us to 'lift' any function into a debuggable one. In fact, define
lift f x = (f x,"")
or more simply, lift f = unit . f. The lifted version does much the same as the original function and, quite reasonably, it produces the empty string as a side effect.
Exercise Three
Show that lift f * lift g = lift (f.g)
In summary: the functions, bind and unit, allow us to compose debuggable functions in a straightforward way, and compose ordinary functions with debuggable functions in a natural way.
Believe it or not, by carrying out those two exercises you have defined your first monad. At this point it's probably not clear which of the structures we've looked at is the monad itself, or what other monads might look like. But rather than defining monads now I'll get you to do some more easy exercises that will introduce other monads so that you'll see for yourself that there is a common structure deserving of its own name. I'm also pretty confident that most people, faced with the original problem, would eventually have come up with the function bind as a way to glue their debuggable functions together. So I'm sure that you could have invented this monad, even if you didn't realise it was a monad.
A Container: Multivalued Functions
Consider the the functions sqrt and cbrt that compute the square root and cube root, respectively, of a real number. These are straightforward functions of type Float -> Float (although sqrt will thrown an exception for negative arguments, something we'll ignore).
Now consider a version of these functions that works with complex numbers. Every complex number, besides zero, has two square roots. Similarly, every non-zero complex number has three cube roots. So we'd like sqrt' and cbrt' to return lists of values. In other words, we'd like
sqrt',cbrt' :: Complex Float -> [Complex Float]
We'll call these 'multivalued' functions.
Suppose we want to find the sixth root of a real number. We can just concatenate the cube root and square root functions. In other words we can define sixthroot x = sqrt (cbrt x).
But how do we define a function that finds all six sixth roots of a complex number using sqrt' and cbrt'. We can't simply concatenate these functions. What we'd like is to first compute the cube roots of a number, then find the square roots of all of these numbers in turn, combining together the results into one long list. What we need is a function, called bind say, to compose these functions, with declaration
bind :: (Complex Double -> [Complex Double]) -> ([Complex Double] -> [Complex Double])Here's a diagram showing how the whole process looks. We only want to write cbrt' once but still have it applied to both sqrt' values.
+ sqrt'+
+8 / \ -8
+------+ +------+
| cbrt'| | cbrt'|
+------+ +------+
| | | | | |
2 . . -2 . .
Exercise Four
Write an implementation of bind.
bind f x = concat (map f x)
How do we write the identity function in multivalued form? The identity returns one argument, so a multivalued version should return a list of length one. Call this function unit.
Exercise Five
Define unit.
unit x = [x]
Again, define f * g = bind f . g and lift f = unit . f. lift does exactly what you might expect. It turns an ordinary function into a multivalued one in the obvious way.
Exercise Six
Show that f * unit = unit * f = f and lift f * lift g = lift (f.g)
Again, given the original problem, we are led inexorably towards this bind function.
If you managed those exercises then you've defined your second monad. You may be beginning to see a pattern develop. It's curious that these entirely different looking problems have led to similar looking constructions.
A more complex side effect: Random Numbers
The Haskell random function looks like this
random :: StdGen → (a,StdGen)
The idea is that in order to generate a random number you need a seed, and after you've generated the number you need to update the seed to a new value. In a non-pure language the seed can be a global variable so the user doesn't need to deal with it explicitly. But in a pure language the seed needs to be passed in and out explicitly - and that's what the signature of random describes. Note that this is similar to the debugging case above because we are returning extra data by using a pair. But this time we're passing in extra data too.
So a function that is conceptually a randomised function a → b can be written as a function a → StdGen -> (b,StdGen) where StdGen is the type of the seed.
We now must work out how to compose two randomised functions, f and g. The first element of the pair that f returns needs to be passed in as an input to g. But the seed returned from the g also needs to be passed in to f. Meanwhile the 'real' return value of g needs to be passed in as the first argument of f. So we can give this signature for bind:
bind :: (a → StdGen → (b,StdGen)) → (StdGen → (a,StdGen)) → (StdGen → (b,StdGen))
Exercise Seven
Implement bind
bind f x seed = let (x',seed') = x seed in f x' seed'
Now we need to find the 'identity' randomised function. This needs to be of type
unit :: a → (StdGen → (a,StdGen))
and should leave the seed unmodified.
Exercise Eight
Implement unit.
unit x g = (x,g)or just
unit = (,)
Yet again, define f * g = bind f . g and lift f = unit . f. lift does exactly what you might expect - it turns an ordinary function into a randomised one that leaves the seed unchanged.
Exercise Nine
Show that f * unit = unit * f = f and lift f * lift g = lift (f.g)
It's now time to step back and discern the common structure.
type Debuggable a = (a,String)
type Multivalued a = [a]
type Randomised a = StdGen → (a,StdGen)
Use the variable m to represent Debuggable, Multivalued or Randomised. In each case we are faced with the same problem. We're given a function a -> m b but we need to somehow apply this function to an object of type m a instead of one of type a. In each case we do so by defining a function called bind of type (a → m b) -> (m a → m b) and introducing a kind of identity function unit :: a → m a. In addition, we found that these identities held: f * unit = unit * f = f and lift f * lift g = lift (f.g), where '*' and lift where defined in terms of unit and bind.
So now I can reveal what a monad is. The triple of objects (m,unit,bind) is the monad, and to be a monad they must satisfy a bunch of laws such as the ones you've been proving. And I think that in each of the three cases you'd have eventually come up with a function like bind, even if you might not have immediately noticed that all three cases shared a common structure.
So now I need to make some contact with the usual definition of Haskell monads. The first thing is that I've flipped the definition of bind and written it as the word 'bind' whereas it's normally written as the operator >>=. So bind f x is normally written as x >>= f. Secondly, unit is usually called return. And thirdly, in order to overload the names >>= and return, we need to make use of type classes. In Haskell, Debuggable is the Writer monad, Multivalued is the List monad and Randomised is the State monad. If you check the definitions of these
Control.Monad.Writer Control.Monad.List Control.Monad.State
you'll see that apart from some syntactic fluff they are essentially the definitions you wrote for the exercises above. Debugging used the Writer monad, the multivalued functions used the List monad and the random number generator used the State monad. You could have invented monads!
Monad Syntax
I don't want to spend too long on this (and you can skip this section) because there are plenty of excellent introductions out there.
You've already seen how the bind function can provide a nice way to plumb functions together to save you writing quite a bit of ugly code. Haskell goes one step further, you don't even have to explicitly use the bind function, you can ask Haskell to insert it into your code automatically.
Let's go back to the original debugging example except we'll now use the official Haskell type classes. Where we previously used a pair like (a,s) we now use Writer (a,s) of type Writer Char. And to get the pair back out of one of these objects we use the function runWriter. Suppose we want to increment, double and then decrement 7, at each stage logging what we have done. We can write
return 7 >>= (\x -> Writer (x+1,"inc."))
>>= (\x -> Writer (2*x,"double."))
>>= (\x -> Writer (x-1,"dec."))
If we apply runWriter to this we should get (15,"inc.double.dec."). But it's still pretty ugly. Instead we can use Haskell do syntax. The idea is that
do x <- y
more code
is automatically rewritten by the compiler to
y >>= (\x -> do
more code).
let x = y
more code
is rewritten as
(\x -> do
more code) y
is just left as the expression.
We can now rewrite the code above as:
let x = 7
y <- Writer (x+1,"inc\n")
z <- Writer (2*y,"double\n")
Writer (z-1,"dec\n")
The notation is very suggestive. When we write y <- ... it's as if we can pretend that the expression on the right hand side is just x+1 and that the side-effect just looks after itself.
Another example. Write our sixth root example in the cumbersome form:
return 64 >>= (\x -> sqrt' x) >>= (\y -> cbrt' y)
We can now rewrite this as the readable
let x = 64
y <- sqrt' x
z <- cbrt' y
return z
We're able to write what looks like ordinary non-multivalued code and the implicit bind functions that Haskell inserts automatically make it multivalued.
Inventing this syntax was a work of genius. Maybe you could have invented it, but I'm sure I wouldn't have. But this is extra stuff is really just syntactic sugar on top of monads. I still claim that you could have invented the underlying monads.
There's now one last thing we have to look at before you're fully qualified in monadicity. Interaction with the outside world. Up until now everything I have said might apply to any pure functional language. But now consider lazy pure functional languages. In such a language you have no idea what order things will be evaluated in. So if you have a function to print the message "Input a number" and another function to input the number, you might not be able to guarantee that the message is printed before the input is requested! Go back to the randomised function example. Notice how the random seed gets threaded through your functions so that it can be used each time random is called. There is a kind of ordering going on. Suppose we have x >>= f >>= g. Because g uses the seed returned by f, we know for sure that f will generate its random number before g. This shows that in principle, monads can be used to order computations.
Now consider the implementation of random in the compiler. It's typically a C or assembler routine linked into the final Haskell executable. If this routine were modified to perform I/O we could guarantee that the I/O in f was performed before that in g. This is exactly how I/O works in Haskell, we perform all of the I/O in a monad. In this case, a function that conceptually is of type a -> b, but also has a side-effect in the real world, is actually of type a -> IO b. Type IO type is a black box, we don't need to know what's in it. (Maybe it works just like the random example, maybe not.) We just need to know that x >>= f >>= g performs the I/O in f before that in g.
Category Theory
One last thing. Monads were originally developed in the context of category theory. I'll leave the connection for another day.
Oh...and I ought to mention...I'm still not convinced that I could have invented Spectral Sequences. But I'm still working on it thanks to Tim Chow.
Appendix: A complete code example using random numbers
Firstly, here's the code corresponding to the definitions above:
import Random
bind :: (a -> StdGen -> (b,StdGen)) -> (StdGen -> (a,StdGen)) -> (StdGen -> (b,StdGen))
bind f x seed = let (x',seed') = x seed in f x' seed'
unit x g = (x,g)
lift f = unit . f
So here's what we're going to do: we want to construct a 2 (decimal) digit random number in three steps. Starting with zero we:
(1) add a random integer in the range [0,9]
(2) multiply it by 10
(3) add another random integer in the range [0,9]
Conceptually this operation is a composition something like this addDigit . (*10) . addDigit. But we know we need to thread the random seed through this code. Firstly, look at the actual definition of addDigit:
addDigit n g = let (a,g') = random g in (n + a `mod` 10,g')
This returns a pair consisting of n+random digit and the new seed. Note how it also takes that extra seed as argument. One could argue that 'conceptually' this function is addDigit n = let a = random in n + a `mod` 10 and in a suitable strict and impure language that might be considered valid code.
Now consider the operation to multiply by 10. This is an ordinary function that we can 'upgrade' using lift. So we get
shift = lift (*10)
And now is the crucial bit. We can't simply compose but must instead use bind to convert our functions into a form that can be composed. So that conceptual addDigit . (*10) . addDigit becomes
test :: Integer -> StdGen -> (Integer,StdGen)
test = bind addDigit . bind shift . addDigit
Now we create a seed using my favourite number and run the code:
g = mkStdGen 666
main = print $ test 0 g
Note that I've chosen not to use the Monad type class so that nothing is hidden from you and everything is explicit.
Update: Thanks for the comments. I've now made lots of fixes and added an appendix with a random number example. Most of the code fragments have now been copied back from the final text into real code so there should only be a small number of typos left. Apologies for any confusion caused!
For a slightly different take on monads I've written a little on Kleisli arrows. And if you're interesting in layering monads to achieve more functionality you can try this.
Labels: haskell

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Wallenda walks tightrope high over Ariz. gorge
LITTLE COLORADO RIVER GORGE, Ariz. (AP) — Nik Wallenda studied the plunging walls of the Little Colorado River Gorge before stepping out on a quarter-mile tightrope cable. "Whoo! That's an amazing view."
With that observation, the well-known aerialist embarked Sunday afternoon on a walk without a safety net or harness, 1,500 feet above the Little Colorado River Gorge in northeastern Arizona.
The successful, 22-minute walk on the 2-inch thick cable was monitored by people around the world via television and computer screens during a broadcast of Wallenda's most ambitious stunt yet.
They watched as the winds tested the Florida daredevil, and listened as he called on God to calm the swaying cable and as he paid homage to his famed great-grandfather. The stunt was the leading trending topic on Twitter on Sunday afternoon.
"It was unbelievable," he told reporters later. "It was everything I wanted it to be. It was extremely emotional. I got to the other end and started crying."
Hundreds of people watched from the remote site on the Navajo Nation in northeastern Arizona that led them past roadside vendors selling traditional jewelry and about a dozen protesters who consider the area sacred.
During his walk on the 2-inch-thick steel cable above the dry river bed near the Grand Canyon, Wallenda paused and crouched twice as winds whipped around him and the rope swayed. Gusts had been expected to be around 30 mph. He said they sent dust flying into his eyes.
"It was strenuous the whole way across. It was a battle. The winds were strong, they were gusty," he told reporters. "But there was never a point where I thought, 'oh my gosh, I'm going to fall.'"
Wallenda stepped slowly and steady throughout, murmuring prayers to Jesus almost constantly along the way. He jogged and hopped the last few steps.
"Thank you Lord. Thank you for calming that cable, God," he said about 13 minutes into the walk.
The Discovery Channel broadcast the even live. He wore a microphone and two cameras, one that looked down on the river bed and one that faced straight ahead.
The 34-year-old Sarasota, Fla., resident is a seventh-generation high-wire artist and is part of the famous "Flying Wallendas" circus family — a clan that is no stranger to death-defying feats.
His great-grandfather, Karl Wallenda, fell during a performance in Puerto Rico and died at the age of 73. Several other family members, including a cousin and an uncle, have perished while performing wire walking stunts.
Nik Wallenda grew up performing with his family and has dreamed of crossing the Grand Canyon since he was a teenager. Sunday's stunt comes a year after he traversed Niagara Falls earning a seventh Guinness world record.
About 600 spectators watching on a large video screen on site cheered him on as he walked toward them. A Navajo Nation ranger, a paramedic and two members of a film crew were stationed on the canyon floor.
The ranger, Elmer Phillips, he got a little nervous when Wallenda stopped the first time. "Other than that, a pretty amazing feat," Phillips said.
Discovery's two-hour broadcast showcased the Navajo landscape that includes Monument Valley, Four Corners, Canyon de Chelly and the tribal capital of Window Rock.
Wallenda already is eyeing his next stunt, which he hopes will take him between the Chrysler and Empire State buildings in New York. As a nod to his Internet audience, he said he also would ask his Facebook and Twitter followers what the next challenge should be
But he said he would give up tightrope walking altogether if his wife and children ever asked him.
"That's a serious talk that we'll have. But absolutely, it weighs on heavy on me," he said.


text:
Do you want your computer clock to be always accurate?
Do you want to synchronize your clock with millisecond accuracy?
Do you need to synchronize time between computers in your local area network?
Advanced Time Synchronizer is what you need to keep your clock synchronized with atomic time servers over the Internet.
Advanced Time Synchronizer is a powerful and easy-to-use PC clock synchronizer working with time servers via the Internet, supporting three time synchronization protocols, proxy servers and having a lot of other useful features. Advanced Time Synchronizer connects to all the servers in the list one by one until either the time is successfully synchronized or the list is over. Advanced Time Synchronizer can update the system time at certain intervals from one hour to one month. It samples each time server multiple times and uses timestamp from the fastest sample to synchronize clock. This feature may be useful, because the network delays are often greater on the first sample and less on next samples. So this allows increasing accuracy of time synchronization by choosing a timestamp that is received with less network delays.
If you connect to the Internet using a dial-up connection, you can configure Advanced Time Synchronizer to update the time only if a dial-up connection is established. If there is no connection, Advanced Time Synchronizer can wait till it is established and update the time after the connection is established. Advanced Time Synchronizer can synchronize the PC clock with Internet time servers and function as a time server for your local area network using three time synchronization protocols for that: Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP), Time Protocol and Daytime Protocol.
If you use a proxy server, you can configure Advanced Time Synchronizer to work through a HTTP, SOCKS4, SOCKS4A or SOCKS5 proxy server.
Advanced Time Synchronizer can be launched from the command line or from batch files, it can be launched as a Windows Service and start working even before the user logs onto the system.
Categories: Time Synchronizer


text:
User talk:Bhenry1990
Welcome![edit source]
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text:
Texas Chainsaw 3D
2013 Suspense/Thriller | Horror
The film continues the legendary story of the homicidal Sawyer family, picking up where Tobe Hooper's 1974 horror classic left off in Newt, Texas, where for decades people went missing without a trace. Decades later and hundreds of miles away from the original massacre, a young woman named Heather learns that she has inherited a Texas estate from a grandmother she never knew she had. After embarking on a road trip with friends to uncover her roots, she finds she is the sole owner of a lavish, isolated Victorian mansion. But her newfound wealth comes at a price as she stumbles upon a horror that awaits her in the mansion's dank cellars.


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From the kitchen of One Perfect Bite...Mashed potatoes were a real treat when I was a child. Our standard daily fare was a plain boiled or baked potato, but on Sunday those lowly spuds were transformed into a billowy mounds of creamy goodness that were fortified with butter and cream. It went a step further when my Grandmother was visiting. She made slight changes to my mother's recipe and by infusing the cream she used with scallions, our Sunday treat became Champ, an old Irish favorite. Nowadays potatoes are served as an accompaniment to meals, but there was a time in Ireland when potatoes were the meal. Traditionally, people who observed religious fasts would abstain from meat on Fridays. Champ became a popular meal, particularly for those who lived in inland areas where fish was not available. In their stead, Irish cooks made huge quantities of scallion infused mash. Champ was served in individual bowls and each portion had a well of melted butter in the center. The dish was eaten from the outside in. Forkfuls of potato were taken from the outer edges of the mound and dipped in the melting butter before tasting. Champ, by the way,is a translation of the Gaelic word brúightín, which means to bruise or pound. The dish should be made from winter potatoes that are cooked, then peeled and mashed. I like to rice the potatoes before mashing. Never use a mixer to prepare these. Over beating will make the potatoes gummy and you'll be disappointed with the results. Hot is the operative word here. Hot milk or cream should be beaten into the hot potatoes with a wooden spoon. The end result is a fluffy mound of potatoes flecked with scallions. This dish is much like Colcannon, which is made with cabbage or kale instead of scallions. I prefer Champ because it is lighter. I hope those of you who have never sampled the dish will give it a try. It is a perfect side-dish for St. Patrick's Day. Here's the recipe.
Champ ...from the kitchen of One Perfect Bite courtesy of Darina Allen's Irish Traditional Cooking
3 pounds (6 to 8) unpeeled baking potatoes, e.g., Russet or Yukon Gold
1 large bunch (4-oz.) scallions (use the bulb and green stem)
1-1/2 cups milk or light cream or half-and-half
4 to 8 tablespoons butter
salt and freshly ground pepper
1) Scrub potatoes and boil them in their jackets.
2) Finely chop scallions. Cover scallions with cold milk and bring slowly to a boil. Simmer for about 3 to 4 minutes, then turn off heat and leave to infuse.
3) Peel and mash freshly boiled potatoes and, while hot, mix with boiling milk and scallions. Beat in some butter, reserving most for serving. Season to taste with salt and freshly ground pepper. Serve in one large or four individual bowls with a knob of butter melting in center.
Cook's Note: Champ may be put aside and reheated later in a moderate oven at 350°F. Cover with foil while it reheats so that it doesn't get a skin.
One Year Ago Today: Chicken Stroganoff
Two Years Ago Today: Roast Lamb


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Use the form above to find your loved one. You can search using the name of your loved one, or any family name for current or past services entrusted to our firm.
Click here to view all obituariesIs a burial service the right choice in your situation? Our overriding goal in developing this website has been to empower the families and individuals living in our community. We want them to come to us prepared to speak about their wishes, and that means giving them the quality of information they need in order to do that. After all, everyone needs enough background knowledge to speak confidently about their options. We're always delighted to answer your questions, and should we have neglected to include your particular question about burial services in general, or the specific burial services we offer; we urge you to call us at 215-467-3838.
Question #1 | What does it cost to bury a person in a cemetery? |
Answer: | First is the purchase price of the "right to use" the burial plot (unlike a real estate purchase, where you buy the land and all the structures on it; here you are only purchasing what is called the "interment rights" to the land). In addition, there are fees for the "opening" and "closing" of the gravesite; and any fees required to obtain the necessary permits and to maintain cemetery files and records. In addition, there's the fee for the use of any special equipment (such as a casket-lowering device); as well as the costs for any other services or items purchased. There's also the headstone or grave marker installation fee, and a one-time "perpetual care" (sometimes called "endowment care") fee paid to ensure your loved one's burial site is well-maintained. |
Question #2 | Does my loved one have to be embalmed prior to burial? |
Answer: | This is a question we hear a lot. Many funeral homes suggest (and may even go so far as to require) embalming if you're planning a viewing or visitation. That's because they want the experience to be as good as it can be for those in attendance, and proper embalming can ensure the deceased looks as good as possible. But as a general rule, embalming is not necessary or legally required if the body is cared for in a relatively short amount of time. Please contact us for specific state or local requirements. |
Question #3 | How much will a casket cost? |
Answer: | The Federal Trade Commission states that average casket costs around $2,000. If you are concerned about casket costs, speak with your funeral director who can advise you on the most appropriate casket for your situation and your budget. |
Question #4 | What is a burial vault, and why do I need to buy one? |
Answer: | Today, modern cemetery grounds are well-groomed, with vast expanses of green grass. A burial vault protects this pristine view, ensuring there is no sign of burial plots "settling". Certainly the vault also protects the casket; but the primary role of a burial vault is to protect the beauty of the cemetery environment. |
Question #5 | What's involved in a cemetery burial? |
Answer: | If your loved one has not made previous arrangements for their burial, leaving you to pick the location of their interment, the first thing you'll need to do involves the selection of the cemetery and burial location within the grounds. You'll also choose the most suitable casket and burial vault, and provide us with the clothing you'd like your loved one to wear (and any 'special items' you'd like us to place in the casket) . Once payment is made, the date and time of interment is agreed upon. At that time, the cemetery grounds keepers will take care of the "opening" and "closing" of the grave and the proper placement of the casket in the burial vault. |
Question #6 | Do I have to buy a headstone or grave marker? |
Answer: | The cemetery will put a temporary identification marker on your loved one's grave, but it is only intended as a placeholder until a permanent headstone or grave marker is set in place. Without one, your loved one's burial site will, when this temporary marker becomes illegible or is somehow removed, appear "unmarked". |
Question #7 | Where do I purchase a headstone or grave marker? |
Answer: | We, and the cemetery where your loved one will be interred, have strong working relationships with trusted monument companies. When you are ready to order a granite headstone or bronze grave marker, we will come together to orchestrate its selection, manufacture and placement. Speak with your funeral director to get the details. |
Question #8 | What is "direct burial"? |
Answer: | When we make arrangements for the direct burial of an individual, we are expediting their interment. There will be no funeral, memorial service or celebration-of-life; instead, we provide the physical care of the deceased (perhaps embalming their body, but certainly dressing and casketing) and then escort the casket to the cemetery for immediate burial. |
Question #9 | Is direct burial right for our situation? |
Answer: | It's very hard to know without having the opportunity to speak with you. Direct burial works well when there are few mourners or if your loved one's wishes were for a simple interment. It's done quickly and professionally, without ceremony of any kind. With that said, what do you think? Does direct burial feel like the right course of action for you? Speak with a funeral professional to further explore the idea. |
Question #10 | What services do you provide when I choose direct burial? |
Answer: | Your funeral director will complete and file the death certificate, obtain signatures on any required permits or authorizations, helps you select a cemetery in which to inter your loved one, as well as a casket and burial vault. He or she will oversee the physical care of the deceased: they will be dressed in clothes you've provided (or purchased from us), casketed, and then escorted to the cemetery for immediate burial. This same individual will witness the burial and provide you with copies of all pertinent papers for safekeeping. |
Question #11 | What is a graveside service? |
Answer: | Rather than having a service in a church or funeral home chapel, and then adjourning to the cemetery for the burial; some families choose to gather solely at the cemetery. There, they are led through a ceremony prepared by a clergy person or celebrant and witness the in-ground committal of their loved one's casket. If the idea of a graveside service appeals to you, speak with your funeral director about your options. |
Question #12 | What "extra" fees or charges will I need to pay? |
Answer: | Some of the things you'll discuss with your funeral director involve purchases made from outside vendors, and you will be asked to pay for those items at the time of the arrangement conference. One of the most common is the fee charged by a newspaper to print your loved one's obituary. Another cash advance charge could be for clergy or musician's fees, floral arrangements, reception necessities, such as food/beverage or facility rental. Your funeral director will provide you with a detailed invoice for all cash advance items. |
Question #13 | When do I pay for a funeral service? |
Answer: | The exact answer to this question largely depends upon the services, products and cemetery you've selected; but a good rule of thumb is to expect to pay at the time the service contract is signed (at the time of the arrangement conference, or soon afterwards). Speak with your funeral director to learn more. |
Question #14 | Who will write my loved one's obituary? |
Answer: | We're tempted to answer this with another question: who would you like to write it? Perhaps you'd like to ask a friend or family member to do so; maybe you're thinking it's something you would like to do. Or perhaps you'd rather turn the duty over to your funeral director. He or she is experienced in obituary writing, and would be delighted to relieve you of the task; so don't hesitate to ask them to craft a suitable obituary. |
Question #15 | Should we request memorial donations instead of flowers? |
Answer: | We don't like to use the word "should" when we speak to families about this issue. So the question becomes one of assessing your heart's desire: what do you really want? Then there's the question of your deceased loved one's wishes; exactly what would he or she think or feel? Most commonly we advise families to offer their community as many caring options as possible; some will send flowers, some will send donations; and some will even do both. |


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Third-Degree Burns
What is a third-degree burn?
A third-degree burn is referred to as a full thickness burn. This type of burn destroys the outer layer of skin (epidermis) and the entire layer beneath (the dermis).
What causes a third-degree burn?
In most cases, full thickness, third-degree burns are caused by the following:
A scalding liquid
Skin that comes in contact with a hot object for an extended period of time
Flames from a fire
An electrical source
A chemical source
What are the symptoms of a third-degree burn?
The following are the most common symptoms of a full thickness, third-degree burn. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:
Dry and leathery skin
Black, white, brown, or yellow skin
Lack of pain because nerve endings have been destroyed
Large, full thickness, third-degree burns heal slowly and poorly without medical attention. Because the epidermis and hair follicles are destroyed, new skin will not grow.
The symptoms of a third-degree burn may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Consult your child's physician for a diagnosis. Third degree burns should always be evaluated immediately in the emergency department. They may require transfer to a burn center for further treatment.
Treatment for third-degree burns
Specific treatment for a full thickness third-degree burn will be determined by your child's doctor, based on the following:
Your child's age, overall health, and medical history
Extent of the burn
Location of the burn
Cause of the burn
Your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
Your opinion or preference
Treatment for full thickness, third-degree burns will depend on the severity of the burn. Burn severity is determined by the amount of body surface area that has been affected. The burn severity will be determined by your child's doctor. Treatment for third-degree burns may include the following:
Early cleaning and debriding (removing dead skin and tissue from the burned area). This procedure can be done in a special bathtub in the hospital or as a surgical procedure.
Intravenous (IV) fluids containing electrolytes
Intravenous (IV) or oral antibiotics if your child develops an infection
Antibiotic ointments or creams
A warm, humid environment for the burn
Nutritional supplements and a high-protein diet
Pain medications
Skin grafting (may be required to achieve closure of the wounded area)
Functional and cosmetic reconstruction
Tetanus shot
What is a skin graft?
A skin graft is a piece of the child's unburned skin which is surgically removed to cover a burned area. Skin grafts can be thin or thick. Skin grafts are performed in the operating room. The burn that is covered with a skin graft is called a graft site.
What is a donor site?
The area where the piece of unburned skin was taken to be donated to a burned area is called a donor site. After a skin graft procedure, the donor sites look like a scraped or skinned knee. Your child's doctor will decide if a skin graft is needed. A skin graft is often performed after debridement or removal of the dead skin and tissue.
Graft site care
A dressing is left on the graft site for two to five days before it is changed, so that the new skin will stay in place. For the first several days, graft sites need to be kept very still and protected from rubbing or pressure.
Donor site care
The donor site is covered for the first one to two weeks. The site needs to be kept covered. Donor sites usually heal in 10 to 14 days. If a dressing is applied, it usually remains on until it comes off by itself. Lotion is applied to the donor site after the dressing comes off. This skin often flakes off and looks dry.


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By Janice Helwig, Staff Advisor
Helsinki Commission staff recently visited the OSCE Mission Bosnia and Herzegovina to see how its work has adjusted to the evolving situation in the country.
Mission Mandate: Activities and Priorities
The mandate of the Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina was established by the December 1995 OSCE Ministerial Council in Budapest in response to taskings given to the OSCE by the Dayton Peace Agreement. It focused on elections, human rights monitoring, and facilitating the monitoring of arms control and confidence- and security-building arrangements. In 1996, the Permanent Council expanded the mandate to include democracy building. Although the mandate has not formally changed since 1996, the focus and work of the OSCE Mission has adapted with the changing situation in the country, and the Mission continues to play an active and effective role in the post-conflict rehabilitation of the country.
The Mission's work on elections, security and confidence building measures, and sub-regional arms control is largely finished. The conduct of elections has been turned over to Bosnian authorities, and most of the work under Dayton Annex 1b, Articles II and IV, has been completed.
While some activities have decreased, work on human rights monitoring and education has increased. As refugees have returned and as war crimes trials have begun throughout the country, the Mission has established programs to monitor potential discrimination against returnees in economic and social rights, and is monitoring war crimes trials at all levels. The Mission's work to promote desegregated education and to foster good governance at the local level is bearing fruit. Some schools have been unified; others now hold joint activities and classes. Many municipal governments are working on a five-module good governance training program.
One of the OSCE Mission's advantages continues to be its presence throughout the country. The mission currently consists of the headquarters office in Sarajevo, three regional centers (RC), and 20 field offices (FO). The Mission's field offices are one of its key advantages over others organizations. The relationships built with local authorities and communities are the basis for OSCE's effectiveness and often used by other organizations and Embassies not resident throughout the country.
The Mission currently focuses its work through four Departments: Democratization, Education, Human Rights, and Security Cooperation. Each Department conducts several programs, which are standardized and implemented throughout the country by staff of the field offices.
Democratization Programs
The work of the Democratization Department focuses on developing efficient and transparent government institutions, building parliamentary capacity, and supporting civil society. A major component is UGOVOR, a country-wide local government project launched in March 2005. As other international organizations are becoming more involved with public administration reform, the Mission is shifting to building ties among municipal governments and developing civil society. In addition, the Mission works in small municipalities where other international organizations are not.
OGOVOR is a five-module training program to improve regulatory elements of municipal governance and promote greater transparency and accountability. The five modules are: access to information; ethics for elected officials; participatory strategic planning; harmonization of municipal statutes; and partnership between civil society and municipal governments.
Education Programs
In July 2002, at the request of the Office of the High Representative and with the concurrence of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC), the OSCE Mission assumed responsibility for coordination of the work of the international community on education. The first aim was to ensure that textbooks and classes were non-political, non-divisive, and free from derogatory propaganda concerning other ethnic and religious groups. New textbooks are being distributed this year, and most lessons are now free from intolerant bias. Nevertheless, most schools in Bosnia remain divided – they are either two schools under one roof, divided by ethnicity, or one-ethnicity schools. Parents, particularly returnees, generally support segregation, and authorities argue that classes must be separated into the three languages of the country, each of which also has its own curriculum for history and geography. Such segregation fosters children's perception that they should not mix with individuals from the other groups and does little to promote reconciliation. Moreover, politicians – particularly at the local level – sometimes use education to build nationalist credentials in the hopes of gaining votes.
The Mission is working to desegregate schools as much as possible. Some schools have been integrated – such as the Mostar Gymnasium which began unified classes in the fall of 2006 – and others have begun holding joint classes on certain subjects such as computer technology.
One focus is building civil society input to school reform through the creation of and support for parent and student councils, as well as teachers' forums. The Mission recently published a manual for student councils in secondary schools.
The OSCE also works with municipal, entity, and State authorities on education reform, including legislative and curriculum reform.
Human Rights Programs
Until recently, the Mission's human rights work had focused on property rights and restitution, in line with the need at that time to follow cases as refugees and IDPs return to reclaim their property. As returnees have settled in, the Mission has turned to monitoring potential discrimination against returnees and other vulnerable groups by local authorities. The Mission has also been monitoring trials since the introduction of a new legal system three years ago; this work is increasing as the number of war crimes trials increases in Bosnian courts.
The Mission monitors how local authorities provide basic economic and social support – such as health care, housing, and pensions – to vulnerable groups, including returnees, Roma, and disabled persons, in order to address any patterns of discrimination that emerge.
Trial monitoring is aimed at ensuring fair trials, particularly war crimes trials, and at identifying shortcomings in the Bosnian judicial system and resolving them.
There is a special unit which monitors 11bis trials transferred by the ICTY to Bosnian courts.
The Mission also does significant work with Roma communities. For example, in one municipality alone, the OSCE has raised the number of Roma children in school from 8 to almost 90.
Security Cooperation Programs
Programs under the Security Cooperation Department originally focused on implementation of Dayton Peace Agreement Annex 1b, Articles II and IV. Work on Article II was completed in 2004 with the signing of the Agreement on the Termination of Article II on 28 September. Although some work continues under Article IV, military reform and troop reductions have resulted in significantly fewer inspections. UNDP has taken the lead in reducing small arms and light weapons (SALW. Currently, the work of the Department focuses on institution building and parliamentary capacity-building.
The Department recently completed a pilot training course for various levels of government officials on the government's new security policy concept.
The Department also conducts training on the OSCE Code of Conduct on Political-Military Aspects of Security.
The parliamentary capacity building program began in 2002 and works with defense and intelligence committees. It organizes trainings, visits to other countries, and strengthening of oversight capabilities.


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A Whole Lotta Leela
← Previous comic | Navigation in US release order | Next comic → |
A Whole Lotta Leela | |
US Publish Number | 26 |
UK Publish Number(s) | 41, 42 |
Written by | Ian Boothby |
Art by | Mike Kazaleh |
Title caption | The #1 Selling Comic of 3006! |
Published (US) | 26 July, 2006 |
Published (UK) | 11 January, 2007 (part 1), 8 February, 2007 (part 2) |
"A Whole Lotta Leela" is the twenty-sixth comic issue, which was released 26 July, 2006 in the US.
The Story
Act I
Bender has signed up for a course in alien weapons repair, and the school sends him a new weapon each week to repair. Meanwhile Leela is depressed that she won't be able to find a man and eventually gives up on dating. Bender attempts to use a time rifle on the Professor but it malfunctions and explodes, splitting Leela into her baby, teenage, elderly and modern years. Leela has to look after them all to avoid changing her past and future, but it turns out to be too hard, such as teenage Leela getting a nose ring which causes modern Leela to get one as well.
Act II
Modern Leela decides to walk around in her bathing suit since Teenage Leela threatened to get a tattoo (so if the teenager gets one, Leela will know straight away). One day, Fry and Teenage Leela go out for a meal in a cafe, where Teenage Leela says she has a crush on Fry. They receive a call from Professor Farnsworth, telling them the space/time continuum has ripped, causing younger and older versions of themselves to appear at Planet Express. The Professor is too scared to try and fix Bender's gun to send the alternate reality versions back to their own times. Elderly Leela makes out with the Professor, in hope of giving him some inspiration to fix the gun. It does, and all of the other versions of the crew are sent back to their own time. Bender receives a new gun to repair, which has the power to end the world at the press of a button. Bender accidentally drops the gun, causing it to activate, to which we are submitted a plain black panel which reads "THE END" in white writing.
Additional Info
- Morbo hosts the alien firearm repair commercials.
- The ending suggests the world was obliterated by Bender's clumsiness.
- On the opening (splash) page, Fry is a giraffe, Amy is a kitten, Zoidberg is a hippopotamus, and Leela is an octopus.
- Leela's form may be in reference to one of her mother's mutations.
- First and most likely the only appearance of Rick the second intern.
- Leela was able to get a "How to speak French" mp3 despite French being a dead language.
- The younger versions of the Planet Express crew is a callback to "Teenage Mutant Leela's Hurdles".
- Rosie from The Jetsons is seen.
- The title is a reference to British rock band Led Zeppelin's song, Whole Lotta Love.
- The Robot Accountant is built to look evil. It's all to convenient for him to want to turn evil while already looking it.
- Debut: Accountant Robot
- Debut: Accountant Robot's Wife
- Debut: Rick
- Bender
- Professor Farnsworth
- Fry
- Leela
- Turanga Morris
- Turanga Munda
- Amy
- Zoidberg
- Morbo
- Elzar
- Hermes
Comic Credits
- Script
- Pencils
- Inks
- Colors
- Letters
- Editor
← Previous comic | Navigation in US release order | Next comic → |


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When it comes to treating a lazy eye, there's evidence that turning the lights off may help — if you're a kitten.
A study in the latest issue of Current Biology reports that kittens with a type of visual impairment known as amblyopia, or lazy eye, were able to regain normal eyesight after being plunged into total darkness for 10 days.
Amblyopia — found in 4 percent of humans — is a vision problem, usually only affecting one eye, in which the eye itself works but the connections between the eye and the brain are disrupted. These connections fail to develop properly when the eye is deprived of normal visual input during early life.
For this study, amblyopia was induced in seven kittens by stitching one eyelid shut during a critical period for visual development – around 30 days after birth. After one week, the kittens' eyes were re-opened and, as expected, the kittens were unable to see out of one eye.
(This technique, called monocular deprivation, has been used for over 50 years, including for Nobel Prize-winning research, and does no lasting harm to the kittens' eyes or eyelids.)
Following monocular deprivation, the half-blind kittens were then put in complete darkness for 10 days, either immediately after having their eyes re-opened or after waiting for five to eight weeks.
Remarkably, after emerging from the darkness, all seven kittens gradually regained their eyesight. For the kittens that had been immediately plunged into the dark, this took seven weeks. But for the kittens whose darkness treatment was delayed, complete sight was regained in just five to seven days.
"We were just amazed by that. It's quite remarkable," says Kevin Duffy, associate professor of psychology at Dalhousie University and co-author of the study.
Duffy and his colleague, Donald Mitchell, think that complete darkness somehow resets the brain's visual system to an earlier, more adaptable stage of development. The researchers aren't exactly sure why recovery was so much more rapid in the delayed-darkness group.
But why does it work at all?
Some of Duffy and Mitchell's earlier research, also published in the present paper, may hold the answer to that question.
Long before these scientists started sticking blind kittens into dark rooms, they were looking at a type of protein called neurofilaments, which provide structural support for cells in the brain.
For neurons, "structure is function," explains Duffy, "so [neurofilaments] are essentially what we need in order to have a functioning brain."
Duffy and Mitchell's hypothesis was that, since neurofilaments are known to act as rigid scaffolding in the brain, these proteins might play a role in reducing neural plasticity with age.
And that's exactly what they found.
Looking at cat brains, the researchers found that levels of neurofilaments in the visual cortex were related to age. Young kittens, whose brains were still in the critical stages of development, had very low levels of neurofilaments. Older cats had a lot more.
The difference suggests that neurofilament proteins play a role in reducing the ability of the brain to adapt and change as we get older.
Duffy and Mitchell then decided to look at the brains of 30-day-old kittens that were kept in darkness for 10 to 15 days. These kittens emerged from the dark with about half as many neurofilaments in their visual cortex as when they first went into the darkness.
Based on these findings, the researchers reasoned that if exposure to darkness can release the visual system from the rigid structure imposed by neurofilaments, then it might help animals with impaired vision recover.
And so they set out to test this hypothesis with their amblyopic kitten experiment, which confirmed that total darkness really can restore vision in as little as a week. "We've never seen anything like this," says Duffy. "[We're] really optimistic that this might eventually end up translating to some human benefit."
Right now, the most common way to treat amblyopia in human children is to patch the dominant eye in order to force the lazy eye to get stronger. However, patching can have side effects, including losing depth perception and causing the previously dominant eye to become weaker. Immersion in darkness could prove to be a less complicated alternative to patching.
Duffy cautions that we shouldn't start throwing children into the dark just yet. There are still many issues to iron out before an approach like this could be tried in humans. How much darkness is necessary? How many days are required for it to be beneficial? And how long would it take to recover?
"Clinicians will want to know the answers to these questions before they consider it," acknowledges Duffy. "At this stage, I think it's really premature."
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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It's obvious that eating THRIVE is better for you than chowing down on processed or fast food. But have you thought about how THRIVE stacks up against the grocery store? THRIVE foods typically keep their fresh taste and nutrients better than their produce aisle counterparts, and they aren't full of harmful additives and preservatives. You can rest easy knowing that THRIVE is the healthy choice for your family.
See why this farm girl loves THRIVE


text:
Boy Mom | DTF
Boy Mom | DTF
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Unit price
The Boy Mom Print by Griffin Expressions is a fun direct to film transfer that can be placed on a variety of clothing!
DTF Films can be applied to most materials. Pressing instructions can be found HERE.
Direct to film is our most popular transfer, suitable for cotton, blends and non-sublimated polyester fabrics, wood acrylic and so much more! For more information about DTF click HERE.
All sales are FINAL and no refunds will be given. If there is an issue with the print please email us at email@example.com.


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Job Seekers, Welcome to Public Health CareerMart
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Bethesda, Maryland
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Washington, D.C.
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Enchiladas verdes recipe
When I used to go home to Houston, my first stop after I got off the plane was a restaurant called Amalia's. It was a Tex-Mex joint and on the menu there was one of my favorite dishes—enchiladas verdes.
Amalia's enchiladas verdes were the best in their class. The sauce wasn't complex, as it was just a tomatillo, serrano, garlic and cilantro blend. And the meat wasn't fussy, as it was just sweetly caramelized little bites of pork that were both crisp and juicy. But when you combined those two with homemade corn tortillas, melted cheese, onions, avocadoes and sour cream, you suddenly had a plate of food that felt like home.
Now, I realize this is a restaurant dish I'm talking about, and one thing I've learned through the years is that nothing beats home cooking. But there was something to these enchiladas—which I'd been eating since I was 10—that made me happy. Amalia's was a family restaurant so I suspect some love was added to each plate.
But then late last year I received sad news. The owner's daughter had read an article in which I expressed my admiration for the enchiladas verdes, and while she thanked me for the mention she informed me that her mother Amalia had decided to retire and close her eponymous restaurant.
Now, this might sound odd, but the news was devastating—it was almost as if a friend had died. For most of my life this had been my go-to restaurant, with the enchiladas verdes my first choice for a meal whenever I returned to Houston. Heck, one time my mom even got it as a to-go order for me since my flight arrived long past serving hours. She laughed as I came into her kitchen and stood at the counter eating my order of enchiladas straight from the container long past midnight. But if you have a favorite dish that you can't find anywhere else then you completely understand.
Fortunately, the last time I ordered the enchiladas I took notes. "Tomatillo, serrano, cilantro and garlic," was what I had written, which was a good place to start. There were also plenty of photos of the plate to guide me. It wasn't much, but as it was all that I had, it would just have to work if I was going to make this dish at home.
Amalia's salsa had a mellowness to it, which implied it was cooked as tomatillos are pretty tangy in the raw. To recreate it, at first I tried roasting the tomatillos and aromatics under the broiler, but the salsa was too strong and smoky. I then tried pureeing the vegetables with a long cooking time afterwards, but this version was still not quite right.
After a few more unsuccessful attempts, I read about a Hatch chile salsa that boiled everything before throwing the ingredients into the blender. I was a bit dubious, but I tried the method with my tomatillo and serrano salsa. Well, wouldn't you know it—the boiling was the key and the result was a balanced salsa verde that was smooth enough to be eaten on its own but was also an excellent companion to the tortillas, cheese and pork.
While my favorite enchiladas verdes always had carnitas as the filling, you could just as easily use chicken, beans or cheese, too. Though I insist you top the enchiladas with slices of onion and avocado as these add yet another layer of flavor as you tuck into each bite.
As with all recreations, these enchiladas aren't exactly like the ones I grew up eating, but they're still very good. I'll miss driving straight from the airport to get my plate, but fortunately there are still plenty of other dishes that also say, "Welcome!" You know how it is—that first taste of Texas that tells you that you're home.
Enchiladas verdes recipe
Ingredients for the salsa verde:
- 1 1/2 pounds tomatillos, husked
- 1/2 medium yellow onion, peeled, cut into wedges
- 3 cloves garlic, peeled
- 1 or 2 Serrano chiles, seeded and cut in half
- 1 cup cilantro
- teaspoon Kosher salt
Ingredients for the enchiladas:
- 2 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 12 corn tortillas
- 2 1/2 cups cooked carnitas or cooked shredded chicken
- 2 cups 8 ounces shredded Muenster, Asadero or Monterey Jack cheese
- Sour cream
- 1/2 medium onion, peeled, cut into rings
- 2 avocados, peeled, pitted, and cubed
- To make the salsa, place the tomatillos, onion, garlic, serrano chiles, cilantro, and salt in a large pot. Add 3 cups of water and bring to a boil on high. Continue to boil uncovered for 10 minutes or until the tomatillos go from a bright green to a light, muted green (If the water doesn't cover them completely, don't add more water just turn the tomatillos in the pot halfway through the cooking so all sides are exposed to the boiling water).
- Turn of the heat and let cool for 10 minutes. With a slotted spoon, transfer the tomatillos onion, garlic, chiles, and cilantro to a blender. Add 1 1/2 cups of the cooking liquid and when cool, blend until smooth.(If you don't let the vegetables cool, the steam will make the blender lid pop off, which makes for a bit of a mess.) If the salsa is too thick, add more of the cooking liquid until its thin enough too pour. Taste and add more salt as needed.
- Preheat the oven to 350° F. Lightly grease a 9×13 baking dish and spread 1 cup of the salsa along the bottom. In a skillet, heat up the oil on medium-low heat. One at a time, heat up the tortillas in the oil, and then keep them wrapped in a cloth or tortilla warmer until all the tortillas are heated.
- To assemble the enchiladas, take a heated tortilla, place 1/4 cup of the cooked carnitas or chicken down the center, and then roll the tortilla. Place filled tortilla in the baking dish and repeat.
- Pour evenly over the rolled enchiladas the rest of the salsa. Top with the shredded cheese. Bake uncovered for 15 minutes or until cheese is lightly browned and bubbling. Serve warm topped with sour cream, onion slices and avocadoes.


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Ok, so the project really exists, if not the product. Let's watch the video in class, and courier while we're at it.
Ars Technica
Rumors have been floating around that Google is developing a pair of glasses with a built-in heads-up display, and Google confirmed the project's existence today.
"Project Glass," as shown in a Google+ page, outfits the wearer with a sleek pair of glasses with just one small lens worn over the right eye, and a camera. That doesn't mean a working pair actually exists yet—Google said photos of the glasses were posted to "show what this technology could look like" and a video was created "to demonstrate what it might enable you to do."
In the video, a guy wakes up and sees some Android-like icons in his heads-up display. He makes coffee, sees a reminder for an appointment, looks out the window, gets the weather, then receives a text message from a friend asking him if he wants to meet. He replies to the text message by voice while he's eating. The guy walks out the door and heads toward the subway when his glasses tell him subway service has been suspended. Instead, he gets the walking route from his glasses.
Later, he goes into a bookstore, asks "where's the music section?" and is given walking directions to that part of the shop—using the indoor maps technology built by Google. He sees something interesting, says "take a photo of this," and then "share it to my circles" in order to post it on Google+. Then he walks up on top of a balcony, receives a video call, and shares the view from the top of the building with a friend.
In short, the glasses will be designed to do just about everything that can be done using a smartphone, but without the massive inconvenience of actually carrying a device and using your hands. Google hasn't said how close all this is to reality, but here's the video for your viewing pleasure:


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© Copyright 2005 Matt Goyer. |
3/18/2005 - 8:15 pm GMT - [guid] 3/15/2005 - 4:12 pm GMT - [guid] 'How to edit your photos like a professional' (via Kottke).
3/1/2005 - 8:46 pm GMT - [guid] Business 2.0, The 101 Dumbest Moments in Business
3/1/2005 - 8:16 pm GMT - [guid] NY Times, Want to Be a Fairly Good Investor?
2/28/2005 - 12:09 am GMT - [guid] 2/28/2005 - 12:08 am GMT - [guid] 2/23/2005 - 1:47 am GMT - [guid] The Star.
2/23/2005 - 1:45 am GMT - [guid] 2/22/2005 - 3:21 pm GMT - [guid] 2/22/2005 - 12:51 pm GMT - [guid] Can anyone help out Mike?
I'm trying to setup My TV to work on a channel other than 2, 3, or 4. My cable is Qwest Choice TV (Cable TV provided over the phone line). What happens is that there is one set top box for the whole house and then each of the TV's are assigned a different channel (in my case 3, 10 and 13). I can get Live TV working on Channel 3, but there doesn't appear to be a way to select anything else (signal comes in over coax). 4/7/2005 - 6:51 pm GMT - [guid] Gyration sucks
I hate my Gyration mouse. Even though the receiver is only six feet away from my couch it still does not work reliably. I literally have to be one foot away from the recevier for the mouse to work. 4/5/2005 - 12:57 am GMT - [guid] Ben has some complaints about MCE
Ben has three compliants about MCE: You can't search from the guide page. Skipping forward is hard. Can't switch inputs. Have you tried using the skip and replay buttons while in the guide? That should increase the rate at which you skip forward/back. As for your other suggestions... Yes, possibly easy improvements, but we have to weigh every new incremental improvement not just against all known bugs, other suggestions but also new features. How would you prioritize hooking up VCRs to Media Center versus implementing new ATSC/HDTV functionality?* While we are 'Microsoft', we are still resource and time constrained and have to make hard tradeoffs and sometimes seemingly easy little things get cut. Update: * I don't mean to imply we actually chose ATSC/HDTV over input switching. I was just using ATSC/HDTV as an example of a new feature that might have been prioritized higher than input switching. 4/5/2005 - 12:17 am GMT - [guid] How to put MCE/DVR-MS content on your PSP
Do you have a Media Center and a new PSP? Barb has the low down on preparing and converting Recorded TV from MCE (convert to mpeg4) content to copy to a memory stick. 4/5/2005 - 12:06 am GMT - [guid] New Expert Zone article on burning and archiving
Microsoft Expert Zone, Burn, Archive, and Share Digital Videos Using Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005. Tim Muscott, a group program manager in eHome, describes how he shares personal digital videos with friends and family. Learn how to burn, archive, and share digital videos using MCE. 3/31/2005 - 2:21 pm GMT - [guid] Why I don't have Comcast
I would definitely try it out except that my building has signed an exclusive contrast with Millennium Cable, which is a huge bummer. As for my setup. I have a ATI x600 graphics card and an ATI ATSC capture card (I think it's unreleased?). 3/31/2005 - 12:44 am GMT - [guid] Cool looking small MCE
Engadget links to this cool looking Media Center from Beblu: [image] 3/30/2005 - 10:32 pm GMT - [guid] MCE needs a better name
Scott Williams thinks Microsoft has lost it's groove with respect to product naming and points to Media Center, What's in a name?: I think that Windows Media Center Edition 2005 is an excellent product, but sheesh, you practically have to take a breath while saying it and it sounds lame. If Apple came out with a media center product they would probably call it iRock or something like that. The last good Microsoft name I can remember off the top of my head is XBox. It does a great job at sounding interesting and even manages to detach itself somewhat from the stigma of being a Microsoft product. Yes, I'd love an XBox type name for Media Center. Suggestions? Update: Ming also goes off
">and explores some names: Whatever name's out there, MS needs to seriously rebrand its OS. Windows followed by 10 descriptors (like XP Pro N for Europe) just doesn't cut it anymore. 3/30/2005 - 10:29 pm GMT - [guid] I cancelled our cable subscription today
I called and cancelled our $80/month digital cable subscription from Millennium Cable today. When the customer service rep asked why, I said that all the channels I wanted were available via over the air HD broadcasters. He at first didn't know what OTA was but I explained it and he followed up asking 'what if there were a special promotion, would you stay?' and I responded that it certainly was hard to compete with free. And not just free, but free and works with my Media Center. Of course, HBO isn't available via either OTA or through Millennium so we're out of luck there when Six Feet Under comes back on. We'll likely turn to an alternative distribution mechanism to get the shows and I'll feel a bit guilty, but not so guilty since it doesn't matter how much I'd be willing to pay I still couldn't get them in HD short of moving into a new building. Millennium does offer HBO via standard def digital cable, but I'll be honest, I can't watch standard definition TV anymore. I'm a HD convert and there's no going back. 3/30/2005 - 6:36 pm GMT - [guid] Audio interviews with JoeB and Jeremy Allaire
Recently Inside Digital Media interviewed both Joe Belifore, general manager of eHome the Microsoft division responsible for Windows Media Center (MP3 of the interview) and Jeremy Allaire, CEO of Brightcove the new video delivery platform (audio interview). 3/30/2005 - 1:01 pm GMT - [guid]
mail *at* mattgoyer.com Disclaimer: The posts on this weblog are provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confer no rights. The opinions expressed herein are my own personal opinions and do not represent my employer's view in any way. University of Waterloo alumni |
Updated: 4/11/2005; 7:30:08 PM. |


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State Legislatures Stay Busy On Abortion Laws
2011 was a banner year for state laws restricting abortion. And 2012 looks like runner-up.
That's the central finding of the midyear report from the Guttmacher Institute, the reproductive policy research group that keeps track of such things.
There were 39 laws restricting abortion enacted in the first half of 2012. While that's less than half the 80 put in place during the first half of last year, the number of laws already on the books for 2012 is higher than any other year before 2011.
Among the popular targets this year are:
- Restrictions on medication abortions (passed by three states);
- Banning abortion prior to fetal viability (also passed by three states); and,
- Limiting coverage of abortion by insurance policies participating in health exchanges that will sell policies under the new health law starting in 2014 (passed by four states).
And while some bills that got a lot of attention didn't pass –- such as ones to ban abortion beginning when a fetal heartbeat can be detected in Ohio, or one requiring a transvaginal ultrasound in Virginia — remarkably similar ones did make it through in other states with far less fanfare.
It seems a new law in Louisiana that requires abortion providers to make the fetal heartbeat audible to women seeking an abortion necessitates a transvaginal ultrasound for many first trimester procedures. One in Oklahoma requires that women be given the opportunity to hear a fetal heartbeat before the procedure.
Guttmacher researchers suggest a few reasons for the slightly slower pace. "Election year sessions tend to be shorter, and focus more and bread-and butter issues, as opposed to social issues," they wrote. "In addition, mirroring the situation nationally, legislatures in states such as New Hampshire and Indiana appear to be in near-total gridlock, seeming able to tackle only 'essential' issue relating to spending and basic state services."