text:
Updated: Jan. 17, 2013 at 4:15 a.m. EST
Have France and the French moved to the top of the list of terrorist targets? French leaders are taking no chances. They have alerted their constituencies and the public in general to the increased terrorism threat following President François Hollande's Jan. 11 announcement of France's military intervention in Mali against al-Qaeda-linked forces controlling the northern half of the country. Tightened security measures sent hundreds of armed soldiers patrolling Metros, train stations, airports and tourist sites across France, while officials instructed the French people to be wary of the increased risk of attack at home — and abroad. "We're facing an exterior enemy and an interior enemy," Interior Minister Manuel Valls stressed Tuesday.
On Wednesday, Jan. 16, al-Qaeda-allied groups in Africa proved that warning was well founded. News reports indicated Islamist radicals had kidnapped numerous French and European workers — and, the U.S. State Department confirmed, several Americans — from an oil installation in eastern Algeria. Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and its regional allies have long used hostage taking as a fundraising and terrorism method. Around the same time, Somalia's al-Shabab militia announced it would execute a French spy it has held for three and a half years in response to a failed Jan. 12 commando mission to rescue him that left 17 extremists and two French soldiers dead (on Thursday, al-Shabab claimed it had killed him). Those developments came after warnings by a jihadi leader in Mali on Monday that by attacking Islamist forces in Africa, "François Hollande opened the gates of hell for all French people."
(MORE: The Crisis in Mali: Will French Air Strikes Stop the Islamist Advance?)
All that action seemed to indicate that French anti-Islamist action in Mali and elsewhere in Africa had already set jihadi groups seeking retaliation — with France looming largest in their sights.
"America gets a break from being top target on Islamist terrorists' lists now that France has taken that spot," a senior French security official darkly joked to TIME. "Our intervention in Mali will make France the primary object of extremist anger and vengeance for a while. Initially that will leave French interests, tourists and other soft targets abroad particularly vulnerable to terror reprisal, awaiting attempts to organize and mount attacks on French territory itself. But our action in Mali makes us enemy No. 1 to both Islamist extremists in the region as well as other allied jihadi who will be aching to avenge their brothers in Africa."
Wednesday's kidnapping suggested that France's U.N.-covered intervention in Mali means terrorist trouble for other nations as well. Evolving reports say an al-Qaeda-linked group claimed responsibility for the kidnapping of about nine foreigners in Algeria — including, reportedly, Norwegian, British, Irish, French and Japanese nationals. Soon after, the leader of the group, Mokhatar Belmokhatar, said it had taken seven American prisoners in the raid that is also said to have left two French security workers at the BP oil installation dead. Though French officials said they were unable to provide information on the abductions, Hollande used a speech to journalists in the Elysée to stress that halting increasingly violent jihadi activity in the region was why France joined Malian armed forces to battle Islamist militias in the first place. "The decision I took Friday was necessary because if it hadn't been taken then, it would have been too late to take later," Hollande said. "Mali would have been conquered by terrorists and its population placed under their force."
Many specialists agree. Marc Trévidic, France's leading investigating magistrate on Islamist terrorism, tells TIME that northern Mali and the wider Sahel had become such a vivid arena of jihadi recruitment, combat, terrorist training and control that its threat to African and European security was too great to ignore any longer. Allowing it to develop further, Trévidic argues, would have been tantamount to letting a pre-9/11 Afghanistan flourish in a place just a few hours away from Europe by plane. "We know individuals left France for Mali in order to join Islamists in the north for training, and know people had been tasked with creating recruitment networks for that jihad," says Trévidic, whose new book, Terrorists: The Seven Pillars of Madness, examines various aspects of radical development and surveillance of budding extremists. "That flow has increased over the months, and it's clear that stream will eventually reverse itself as trained terror operatives head back for France and Europe. It has to be cut."
(MORE: France Holds Seven Suspects Thought to Be in a 'Terrorism Cell')
The security official agrees but says that because French military action has turned northern Mali and the Sahel into a chaotic battle zone that Islamist militias must fight to hold, the immediate terrorist threat to French soil comes from elsewhere. In addition to soft targets abroad, he says, terrorism plotters are most likely to try to mount retaliatory strikes on France from beyond Africa. "The most likely option is Islamist militias in Mali will ask fellow radicals in France that they'd had previous contact with to get a terror strike moving," the official says. "Even more probable is that effort will be conceived and overseen by extremists in places like Pakistan or Yemen using contacts in France, or seeking to export operatives to France. Terrorist planners always take the path and use means least likely to be detected and most inclined to succeed. Those probably won't involve Africa for a while."
Except for kidnapping activity, as Wednesday's abductions suggest. For years, militias linked to AQIM have used hostage taking as a manner of raising millions in ransom money that European governments have often paid. Extremists have also used threats to abductees to warn European leaders not to take action against Islamists or help local African governments do so. Prior to launching its Mali intervention, France had long avoided a military option due, in part, to fears for the eight French nationals held captive in Africa. In his comments Wednesday, Hollande said such hesitation was over. "France will not accept that its citizens are held hostage and will do everything it can to secure their freedom as swiftly as possible," Hollande vowed. "As in Mali, we will not yield to the blackmail of kidnappers."
The French security official says fully defending against abductions is almost impossible, given the number of companies and tourists Europe sends to Africa each year. Ironically, warding off an attack on French soil may be almost easier. "Anybody with any [Islamist] background, or going anywhere near extremist communities or countries is going to get a lot of very close attention for a while," he says. "Even a supposed lone wolf won't have much margin for action, since armed patrols have been increased at so many potential targets. But no defense is entirely efficient — and the Mali operation and fallout from it are looking to continue for a long time."
MORE: Mali's Looming War: Will Military Intervention Drive Out the Islamists?


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User:Michiexile/MATH198/Lecture 3
These notes cover material dispersed in several places of Awodey. The definition of a functor is on page 8. More on functors and natural transformations comes in sections 7.1-7.2, 7.4-7.5, 7.7-7.10.
We've spent quite a bit of time talking about categories, and special entities in them - morphisms and objects, and special kinds of them, and properties we can find.
And one of the main messages visible so far is that as soon as we have an algebraic structure, and homomorphisms, this forms a category. More importantly, many algebraic structures, and algebraic theories, can be captured by studying the structure of the category they form.
So obviously, in order to understand Category Theory, one key will be to understand homomorphisms between categories.
Homomorphisms of categories
A category is a graph, so a homomorphism of a category should be a homomorphism of a graph that respect the extra structure. Thus, we are led to the definition:
Definition A functor from a category to a category is a graph homomorphism between the underlying graphs such that for every object :
Note: We shall frequently use in place of and . The context should suffice to tell you whether you are mapping an object or a morphism at any given moment.
On Wikipedia: [1]
A homomorphism of monoids is a functor of the corresponding one-object categories . The functor takes the single object to the single object, and acts on morphisms by .
A homomorphism of posets is a functor of the corresponding category. We have if , so if then .
If we pick some basis for every vector space, then this gives us a functor from to the category with objects integers and morphisms matrices by:
- is the matrix representing in the matrices chosen.
This example relies on the axiom of choice.
Interpreting functors in Haskell
One example of particular interest to us is the category Hask. A functor in Hask is something that takes a type, and returns a new type. Not only that, we also require that it takes arrows and return new arrows. So let's pick all this apart for a minute or two.
Taking a type and returning a type means that you are really building a polymorphic type class: you have a family of types parametrized by some type variable. For each type a
, the functor data F a = ...
will produce a new type, F a
. This, really, is all we need to reflect the action of .
The action of in turn is recovered by requiring the parametrized type F a
to implement the Functor
typeclass. This typeclass requires you to implement a function fmap ::i (a -> b) -> F a -> F b
. This function, as the signature indicates, takes a function f :: a -> b
and returns a new function fmap f :: F a -> F b
The rules we expect a Functor to obey seem obvious: translating from the categorical intuition we arrive at the rules
fmap id = id
andfmap (g . f) = fmap g . fmap f
Now, the real power of a Functor
still isn't obvious with this viewpoint. The real power comes in approaching it less categorically.
A Haskell functor is a polymorphic type. In a way, it is an prototypical polymorphic type. We have some type, and we change it, in a meaningful way. And the existence of the Functor
typeclass demands of us that we find a way to translate function applications into the Functor
image. We can certainly define a boring Functor, such as
data Boring a = Boring
instance Functor Boring where
fmap f = const Boring
but this is not particularly useful. Almost all Functor
instances will take your type and include it into something different, something useful. And it does this in a way that allows you to lift functions acting on the type it contains, so that they transform them in their container.
And the choice of words here is deliberate. Functors can be thought of as data containers, their parameters declaring what they contain, and the fmap
implementation allowing access to the contents. Lists, trees with node values, trees with leaf values, Maybe
, Either
all are Functor
s in obvious manners.
data List a = Nil | Cons a (List a)
instance Functor List where
fmap f Nil = Nil
fmap f (Cons x lst) = Cons (f x) (fmap f lst)
data Maybe a = Nothing | Just a
instance Functor Maybe where
fmap f Nothing = Nothing
fmap f (Just x) = Just (f x)
data Either b a = Left b | Right a
instance Functor (Either b) where
fmap f (Left x) = Left x
fmap f (Right y) = Right (f y)
data LeafTree a = Leaf a | Node [LeafTree a]
instance Functor LeafTree where
fmap f (Node subtrees) = Node (map (fmap f) subtrees)
fmap f (Leaf x) = Leaf (f x)
data NodeTree a = Leaf | Node a [NodeTree a]
instance Functor NodeTree where
fmap f Leaf = Leaf
fmap f (Node x subtrees) = Node (f x) (map (fmap f) subtrees)
The category of categories
We define a category by setting objects to be all small categories, and arrows to be all functors between them. Being graph homomorphisms, functors compose, their composition fulfills all requirements on forming a category. It is sometimes useful to argue about a category of all small and most large categories. The issue here is that allowing opens up for set-theoretical paradoxes.
Isomorphisms in Cat and equivalences of categories
The definition of an isomorphism holds as is in . However, isomorphisms of categories are too restrictive a concept.
To see this, recall the category , where each object is a monoid, and each arrow is a monoid homomorphism. We can form a one-object category out of each monoid, and the method to do this is functorial - i.e. does the right thing to arrows to make the whole process a functor.
Specifically, if is a monoid homomorphism, we create a new functor by setting and . This creates a functor from to . The domain can be further restricted to a full subcategory of , consisting of all the 1-object categories. We can also define a functor by with the monoidal structure on given by the composition in . For an arrow we define .
These functors take a monoid, builds a one-object category, and hits all of them; and takes a one-object category and builds a monoid. Both functors respect the monoidal structures - yet these are not an isomorphism pair. The clou here is that our construction of from requires us to choose something for the one object of the category. And choosing different objects gives us different categories.
Thus, the composition is not the identity; there is no guarantee that we will pick the object we started with in the construction in . Nevertheless, we would be inclined to regard the categories and as essentially the same. The solution is to introduce a different kind of sameness: Definition A functor is an equivalence of categories if there is a functor and:
- A family of isomorphisms in indexed by the objects of , such that for every arrow .
- A family of isomorphisms in indexed by the objects of , such that for every arrow .
The functor in the definition is called a pseudo-inverse of .
Natural transformations
The families of morphisms required in the definition of an equivalence show up in more places. Suppose we have two functors and . Definition natural transformation is a family of arrows indexed by the objects of such that for any arrow in (draw diagram)
The commutativity of the corresponding diagram is called the naturality condition on , and the arrow is called the component of the natural transformation at the object .
Given two natural transformations and , we can define a composition componentwise as .
Proposition The composite of two natural transformations is also a natural transformation.
Proposition Given two categories the collection of all functors form a category with objects functors and morphisms natural transformations between these functors.
Note that this allows us to a large degree to use functors to define entities we may otherwise have defined using large and involved definitions. Doing this using the categorical language instead mainly gives us a large number of facts for free: we don't have to verify, say, associativity of composition of functors if we already know them to be functors.
Example Recall our original definition of a graph as two collections and two maps between them. We can define a category GraphS:
with the two arrows named and . It is a finite category with 2 objects, and 4 arrows. Now, a small graph can be defined to be just a Functor .
In order to define more intricate structures this way, say Categories, or algebraic structures, we'd need more tools - which we shall find in later lectures. This approach to algebraic definition develops into an area called Sketch theory.
The idea, there, is that theories are modelled by specific categories - such as above, and actual instances of the objects they model appear as functors.
With this definition, since a graph is just a functor , and we get graph homomorphisms for free: a graph homomorphism is just a natural transformation.
And anything we can prove about functors and natural transformations thus immediately gives a corresponding result for graphs and graph homomorphisms.
On Wikipedia, see: [2]. Sketch theory, alas, has a painfully incomplete Wikipedia article.
Properties of functors
The process of forming homsets within a category gives, for any object , two different functors : and . Functoriality for is easy: is the map that takes some and transforms it into .
Functoriality for is more involved. We can view this as a functor either from , or as a different kind of functor. If we just work with , then no additional definitions are needed - but we need an intuition for the dual categories.
Alternatively, we introduce a new concept of a contravariant functor. A contravariant functor is some map of categories, just like a functor is, but such that , as usual, but such that for a , the functor image is some , and the composition is . The usual kind of functors are named covariant.
A functor is faithful if the induced mapping
is injective for all .
A functor is full if the induced mapping
is surjective for all .
Note that a full subcategory is a subcategory so that the embedding functor is both full and faithful.
See also entries in the list of Types of Functors on the Wikipedia page for Functors [3].
Preservation and reflection
We say that a functor preserves a property , if whenever holds in the category , it does so for the image of in .
Thus, the inclusion functor for the category of finite sets into the category of sets preserves both monomorphisms and epimorphisms. Indeed, these properties, in both categories, correspond to injective and surjective functions, respectively; and a surjective (injective) function of finite sets is still surjective (injective) when considered for sets in general.
As another example, consider the category given by , with the single non-identity arrow named . All arrows in this category are both monomorphic and epimorphic. We can define a functor through , and mapping to the set function that takes all elements to the value . The resulting constant map is neither epic nor monic, while the morphism is both.
However, there are properties that functors do preserve:
Proposition Every functor preserves isomorphisms.
Proof Suppose is an isomorphism with inverse . Then has inverse . Indeed, and . QED
We say that a functor reflects a property , if whenever has that property, so does .
A functor is representative if every object in is isomorphic to some for .
Complete homework is by 4 out of 9 complete solutions. Partial credit will be given.
- Show that the category of vectorspaces is equivalent to the category with objects integers and arrows matrices.
- Prove the propositions in the section on natural transformations.
- Prove that
listToMaybe :: [a] -> Maybe a
is a natural transformation from the list functor to the maybe functor. IscatMaybes
a natural transformation? Between which functors? - Find two more natural transformations defined in the standard Haskell library. Find one polymorphic function that is not a natural transformation.
- Write a functor instance for
data F a = F (Int -> a)
- Write a functor instance for
data F a = F ((Int -> a) -> Int)
- Write a natural transformation from
Maybe a
toEither () a
. Is this a natural isomorphism? If so, what is its inverse? If not, why not? - Write a natural transformation from
to(Maybe a, Maybe a)
. Is this a natural isomorphism? If so, what is its inverse? If not, why not? - * Recall that a category is called discrete if it has no arrows other than the identities. Show that a small category is discrete if and only if every set function , for every small category , is the object part of a unique functor . Analogously, we define a small category to be indiscrete if for every small category , every set function is the object part of a unique functor . Characterise indiscrete categories by the objects and arrows they have.
- * We could write a pretty printer, or XML library, using the following data type as the core data type:
data ML a = Tag a (ML a) |
Str String |
Seq [ML a] |
- With this, we can use a specific string-generating function to generate the tagged marked up text, such as, for instance:
prettyprint (Tag tag ml) = "<" ++ show tag ++ ">" ++ prettyprint ml ++ "</" ++ show tag ++ ">"
prettyprint (Str s) = s
prettyprint (Seq []) = ""
prettyprint (Seq (m:ms)) = prettyprint m ++ "\n" ++ prettyprint (Seq ms)
prettyprint Nil = ""
- Write an instance of Functor that allows us to apply changes to the tagging type. Then, using the following tagging types:
data HTMLTag = HTML | BODY | P | H1 | CLASS String deriving (Show)
data XMLTag = DOCUMENT | HEADING | TEXT deriving (Show)
- write a function
htmlize :: ML XMLTag -> ML HTMLTag
and use it to generate a html document out of:
Tag DOCUMENT
Seq [
Tag HEADING
String "Nobel prize for chromosome find",
Tag TEXT
String "STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - Three Americans won the Nobel prize for medicine on Monday for revealing the existence and nature of telomerase, an enzyme which helps prevent the fraying of chromosomes that underlies aging and cancer.",
Tag TEXT
String "Australian-born Elizabeth Blackburn, British-born Jack Szostak and Carol Greider won the prize of 10 million Swedish crowns ($1.42 million), Sweden's Karolinska Institute said.",
Tag TEXT
String "'The discoveries ... have added a new dimension to our understanding of the cell, shed light on disease mechanisms, and stimulated the development of potential new therapies,' it said.",
Tag TEXT
String "The trio's work laid the foundation for studies that have linked telomerase and telomeres -- the small caps on the end of chromosomes -- to cancer and age-related conditions.",
Tag TEXT
String "Work on the enzyme has become a hot area of drug research, particularly in cancer, as it is thought to play a key role in allowing tumor cells to reproduce out of control.",
Tag TEXT
String "One example, a so-called therapeutic vaccine that targets telomerase, in trials since last year by drug and biotech firms Merck and Geron, could yield a treatment for patients with tumors including lung and prostate cancer.",
Tag TEXT
String "The Chief Executive of Britain's Medical Research Council said the discovery of telomerase had spawned research of 'huge importance' to the world of science and medicine.",
Tag TEXT
String "'Their research on chromosomes helped lay the foundations of future work on cancer, stem cells and even human aging, areas that continue to be of huge importance,' Sir Leszek Borysiewicz said in a statement."

subset: commoncrawl


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LSU Tigers Football History
HOME ~ College Football History
LSU's The Nickname: "Fighting Tigers" Way back in the fall of 1896, coach A.W. Jeardeau's LSU football team posted a perfect 6-0-0 record, and it was in that pigskin campaign that LSU first adopted its nickname, Tigers. 'Tigers' seemed a logical choice since most collegiate teams in that year bore the names of ferocious animals, but the underlying reason why LSU chose 'Tigers' dates back to the Civil War. According to Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD. and the "Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, 1861-1865" (LSU Press, 1989), the name Louisiana Tigers evolved from a volunteer company nicknamed the Tiger Rifles, which was organized in New Orleans. This company became a part of a battalion commanded by Major Chatham Roberdeau Wheat and was the only company of that battalion to wear the colorful Zouave uniform. In time, Wheat's entire battalion was called the Tigers. That nickname in time was applied to all of the Louisiana troops of Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. The tiger symbol came from the famous Washington Artillery of New Orleans. A militia unit that traces its history back to the 1830s, the Washington Artillery had a logo that featured a snarling tiger's head. These two units first gained fame at the Battle of First Manassas on July 21, 1861. Major David French Boyd, first president of LSU after the war, had fought with the Louisiana troops in Virginia and knew the reputation of both the Tiger Rifles and Washington Artillery. Thus when LSU football teams entered the gridiron battlefields in their fourth year of intercollegiate competition, they tagged themselves as the 'Tigers'.
It was the 1955 LSU 'fourth-quarter ball club' that helped the moniker 'Tigers' grow into the nickname, 'Fighting Tigers'. Thanks to Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD., a historian at the Pamplin Historical Park, for contributing to the above information. Colors: Purple and Gold There is some discrepancy in the origin of Royal Purple and Old Gold as LSU's official colors. It is believed that those colors were worn for the first time by an LSU team in the spring of 1893 when the LSU baseball squad beat Tulane in the first intercollegiate contest played in any sport by Louisiana State University. Team captain E.B. Young reportedly hand-picked those colors for the LSU squad. Later that year, the first football game was played. On November 25, 1893, football coach/chemistry professor Dr. Charles Coates and some of his players went into town to purchase ribbon to adorn their gray jerseys as they prepared to play the first LSU gridiron game. Stores were stocking ribbons in the colors of Mardi Gras -- purple, gold and green. -- for the coming Carnival season. However, none of the green had yet arrived at Reymond's Store at the corner of Third and Main streets. Coates and quarterback Ruffin Pleasant bought up all of the purple and gold stock and made it into rosettes and badges. "Mike the Tiger" The live Bengal Tiger whose habitat lies across the street from Tiger Stadium has been a part of the LSU tradition since the early days of athletics in Baton Rouge (Nov. 21, 1936). Meanwhile, his two-legged furry costumed counterpart that stalks the sidelines of LSU athletics events has been on campus since the 1950s. Mike travels throughout the country with many of the Tiger teams, while also making public appearances to promote LSU athletics in Baton Rouge and surrounding communities. "Fight For LSU" Like Knights of old, Let's fight to hold The glory of the Purple Gold. Let's carry through, Let's die or do To win the game for dear old LSU. Keep trying for that high score; Come on and fight, We want some more, some more. Come on you Tigers, Fight! Fight! Fight! for dear old L-S-U. RAH! "Hey Fighting Tiger" Hey, Fightin' Tigers, Fight all the way Play Fightin' Tigers, win the game today. You've got the know how, you're doing fine, Hang on to the ball as you hit the wall And smash right through the line You've got to go for a touchdown Run up the score. Make Mike the Tiger stand right up and roar. ROAR! Give it all of your might as you fight tonight and keep the goal in view. Victory for L-S-U! "Tiger Rag" (Hold that Tiger) Long ago, way down in the jungle Someone got an inspiration for a tune, And that jingle brought from the jungle Became famous mighty soon. Thrills and chills it sends thru you! Hot! so hot, it burns you too! Tho' it's just the growl of the tiger It was written in a syncopated way, More and more they howl for the 'Tiger' Ev'ry where you go today They're shoutin' Where's that Tiger! Where's that Tiger! Where's that Tiger! Where's that Tiger! Hold that Tiger! Hold that Tiger! Hold that Tiger! "Touchdown for LSU" Tigers! Tigers! They've come to town, They fight! They fight! Call a first down, Just look them over, and how they can go, Smashing the line with runs and passes high and low. Touchdown! Touchdown! It's Tigers' score. Give them hell and a little bit more. Come on you Tigers, Fight them, you Tigers, Touchdown for LSU. Rah! U. Rah! LSU Alma Mater Where stately oaks and broad magnolias shade inspiring halls, There stands our dear Old Alma Mater who to us recalls Fond memories that waken in our hearts a tender glow, And make us happy for the love that we have learned to know. All hail to thee our Alma Mater, molder of mankind, May greater glory, love unending be forever thine. Our worth in life will be thy worth we pray to keep it true, And may thy spirit live in us, forever�L-S-U.
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John (Garklavs) of Chicago
His Eminence the Most Reverend John (Garklavs) of Chicago was an Archbishop of the American Metropolia (now the OCA). He was the émigré Bishop of Riga and All Latvia who was forced to leave Latvia during World War II, and then came to America. He was elected bishop of Chicago in 1957 and served in that capacity until his retirement in 1978. He is remembered for safeguarding the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of Our God after World War II.
The future Archbishop John was born in Umurga, Latvia, on August 25, 1898. His father died when he was two years old, leaving his widowed mother to care for him and his two younger brothers. His mother, who was a gifted singer, did not remarry. Abp. John grew up in the fatherless family in a small provincial village of Limbazhi, located about 80 miles from Riga. He attended school in the village and took active part in the Latvian Orthodox Church as an altar boy and then as a psalomchik. He attended the Theological Seminary in Riga, Latvia, from which he graduated with honors.
John was ordained deacon and then a priest in 1936. After Bishop Alexander (Vitols), formerly of Madona, died in Riga in 1942, Fr. John was elected Bishop of Riga. He was consecrated in 1943 after spending a period of time in preparation at the Holy Spirit Monastery in Vilnius. The new bishop found himself caught in the turmoil of World War II attempting to care for the many people displaced by the war. As the Soviet forces came into Latvia in 1944, Bp. John, together with his mother and an adopted son, Sergei, was forced to leave Latvia with a small group of Latvian priests. The group took refuge in southern Czechoslovakia and eventually arrived in West Germany with the help of American soldiers. In West Germany, Bp. John encouraged the Orthodox Christians to organize parishes and "Displaced Persons" camps.
Bp. John arrived in the United States on July 22, 1949, after having petitioned Metropolitan Theophilus to accept him into the Metropolia. In October 1949, he was appointed Bishop of Detroit and Cleveland, and in 1955, he was appointed administrator of the Chicago-Minneapolis diocese. In 1957, he was confirmed as the ruling bishop of the diocese and raised to the rank of archbishop. During his tenure as Archbishop of Chicago, Abp. John served as senior bishop in the Holy Synod and as chairman of the Department of Music of the Metropolia and Orthodox Church in America. He remained Bishop of Chicago until his retirement in September 1978. He reposed on April 11, 1982.
Tikhvin icon
During his travels leaving Latvia during World War II, Bp. John came into possession of the Tikhvin icon that German forces took from Tikhvin, Russia to Riga. Bp. John and his adopted son Sergei took the icon under their care, intending that it be returned to Tikhvin when the atheist communist regime fell. For many years the icon remained in the Holy Trinity Cathedral in Chicago under the care of Abp. John and, after his repose, by his son Sergei. In 2004, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Abp. John's son, now Fr. Sergei Garklavs, fulfilled Abp. John's promise as the icon traveled back to Russia and to the monastery in Tikhvin, Russia.
John (Garklavs) of Chicago | ||
Preceded by: Augustine (Petersons) |
Bishop of Riga 1943-1944 |
Succeeded by: Kornily (Popov) of Vilnius, Administrator |
Preceded by: Arseny (Chagovtsov) |
Bishop of Detroit and Cleveland 1949-1957 |
Succeeded by: Valerian (Trifa) |
Preceded by: Leonty (Turkevich) |
Bishop of Chicago and Minneapolis 1957-1978 |
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- Orthodox America 1794-1976 Development of the Orthodox Church in America, C. J. Tarasar, Gen. Ed. 1975, The Orthodox Church in America, Syosett, New York
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The Solar Impulse, an airplane traveling across the United States using only solar power, is in Phoenix today, after reaching Arizona from California Saturday. It took the plane about 20 hours to travel from Mountain View, Calif., near San Francisco.
The aircraft is capable of flying at night as well as in daytime; the plane had about 75 percent of its battery power remaining when it landed in Arizona.
The Solar Impulse's "wingspan is longer than a 747 Boeing, but the entire plane weighs less than a car," as NPR's Steve Henn reported last month.
Comparisons such as that one may brought a moment of humor during Solar Impulse's trip, when the plane's pilot heard the pilot of another aircraft on his radio, asking an air traffic controller why the Impulse required a wide berth.
"Just think of a flying electric car," the controller replied.
The first leg of the trip was piloted by Bertrand Piccard; his co-founder in the venture, André Borschberg, will also pilot the plane during its American trip.
The plane has completed a transcontinental flight before — flying from Switzerland to Morocco last year, as Eyder reported for The Two Way.
With a maximum altitude of nearly 28,000 feet and an average speed of about 40 miles per hour, the Solar Impulse will make three more stops — in Dallas, Saint Louis, and Washington, D.C. — as it crosses the United States. It will then head to New York City.
Along the way, members of the public can visit the plane at airports. Its pilots and crew will also visit local groups to speak about solar-powered flight (details at their website).
Organizers say that after crossing the United States, their next goal is to fly the Solar Impulse around the world.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Tuesday, April 13, 2010
The whole nine yards.....
( " aaallllll eeeez welllll."). Well .... if the idea does get 'implemented' .... you know where it came from. I'll extract my pound of flesh from Mukesh through the totally yummy Delhi-style chaats he and Nita serve at their dinners.
Talking of food, apres- match, we came home to our standard Bong khaabar, but there was also a treat in store. Our lovely neighbour Amishi Dhanuka did it again!! Don't stop, I want to tell her. What did she do?? Amishi had sent the most subtle and exquisite 'sandesh' from Kolkata which we nibbled at and savoured tiny bits of, because it is just so precious. It is not your garden variety sandesh - it is sandesh from an old mishti maker, Girish Chandra Dey, whose family has been producing sandesh for gourmets since 1844. And I thought to myself - how silkily the French promote Fauchon - the world famous fine epicerie. Here we have Girish Chandra Dey, producing orgasmic sandesh flavoured with saffron stamen, cardamom, rose water and more. We take all this for granted and pay a pittance for such a refined culinary creation. I had the mad impulse to let the whole world know about this sandesh and how special it is - sigh - it's all about marketing, isn't it?
My husband told me to shut up and gorge. We were celebrating the Mumbai Indians win. That was the official excuse..... now for the finals. And more sandesh!!!!!
30 comments:
It's all about higher quality And lesser amount And most important - The service. Marketing - nothing better than mouth publicity.
- April 14, 2010 at 12:03 AM
- anamika said...
We lost so not interested:P
- April 14, 2010 at 12:26 AM
- RAJ47 said...
The "'nau wari' saree" with short choli knotted in the front, a big 'nath'('koyri' type) and a gajra on a big 'ambada' - would be the most decent yet very sexy or raunchy as you like to call it.
Gr8 idea, Ma-de-mji! - April 14, 2010 at 6:54 AM
- Unknown said...
congratulations and jubilations, mz de! and whattay win it was! the mumbai INDIANS are unstoppable, nine victories and many more in the wings. and phirangis performing "lavni" will be welcomed by the thakrees since a village in maharashtra is already employing a russian hot babe as lead dancer to "revive dying marathi culture"! it was only after seeing the eyes of the male spectators that i finally realised that human eye muscles are capable of stretching 10 times their length. and they could also gyrate to "oh mungdaa!" if they have to satisfy their bollywood thirst. some nerd has beyonce dancing "lavni" style on youtube. will wonders never cease? and this passion for sandesh is unfathomable: i think i must sample the offering by shri girish chandra dey before vowing - nevair!!
- April 14, 2010 at 7:36 AM
- Unknown said...
what a great idea it is!!!if it is implemented then definitely it is going to boost the energy level of every individual present there..Just imagine how stunning and resplendent the cheer leaders will look in nav-vaari.
- April 14, 2010 at 8:08 AM
- Tejas Nagaonkar said...
Fantabulous !
the entire idea and concept for navari saree on aaika Daajiba is brilliant. - April 14, 2010 at 10:44 AM
- sunil golcha said...
absolutely mouthwatering
- April 14, 2010 at 12:34 PM
- soni said...
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- April 14, 2010 at 12:58 PM
- Pooja Rathore said...
I liked your idea goodone really(dress code)for cheerleaders it will defenitely be hatke(different)and Rock . your idea will be appreciated.
you are a typical capricorn(capris are god sent gaurdians of traditions ,culture and your ruler saturn rules teaching so you wil do a good job of teaching us to value and be proud of our culture,traditions and food...love you for that.
Neeta Ambani has lost lot of weight but but she looks so different i did not like her new look that much something is not right i may be wrong because i saw her on Tv i agree she was overweight before but her face looked nice.Iam sorry if iam wrong she is your friend it is my view point.
yes mumbai has good chance to reach finals and win as Sachins stars are good. - April 14, 2010 at 2:21 PM
- Makk said...
I don't know why people want to change every thing in traditional colors...
when their own life styles are not so traditional.
Its like....(any foreign dish) -(its original stuffing)+ (Indian stuffing...most probably potato)
God help them. - April 14, 2010 at 2:30 PM
- Vinay Malviya said...
Madam ji, interesting idea you have given to mukesh bhai ji, now i m also facing a problem with my writing that everytime it's too difficult for me to generate the innoative thoughts, beside reading and travelling what should i have to do? If u get time come n read a slight fiction work on vinaytheobserver.blogspot.com
- April 14, 2010 at 3:02 PM
- Unknown said...
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- April 14, 2010 at 3:52 PM
- Anil Kumar said...
Very good idea!! Why limit it to Finals??
If Mumbai cheerleaders change their costume and shows its tradition then others will follow soon.
Besides I don't have to request Lalit Modi to bring his wife as CHEERLEADER in one or two piece bikini/costume to do that routine.
Hope your suggestion is taken seriously. - April 14, 2010 at 5:18 PM
- goodluck said...
Popcorn ideas and writings. Timepass and highly entertaining. You are proving to the Indian world that 60 and 70 year ladies need not sing bhajans and visit temples all the time. They can be mischievous, outrageous and bubbly than many younger people. Cheers.
- April 14, 2010 at 6:44 PM
- Shilpa Sweety said...
Lovely idea Mz De, but sorry this one has already been tried by orissa cricket association in the IPL matches at barbati stadium at cuttack.The cheer leaders were the indigenous sambuluri dancer attired in typical sambalpuri Saree(which is worn unto the knees)performing to local numbers.Hope the Ambani bucks provide it the requisite glamour and glitz which the OCA couldn't do.
Rightly said 'Idea is a wave which can strike many at the same time'. - April 14, 2010 at 7:21 PM
- Unknown said...
Your writing is sandesh for ppl like me... anything for your writing...Love you... - April 15, 2010 at 9:25 AM
- Kapil Paraji More said...
Good idea of navvari with aika dajiba , but it needs to implemented very well or else it may flop..but ifit clicks , it will be big hit...cause a indian chord will strike well with indians than the western chord
- April 15, 2010 at 10:02 AM
- Sparkling said...
You make everything sound so calorie free! :)
I know the cup will be held by the 'Mumbai Indians' this time. Oh yeah! I know well! :p - April 15, 2010 at 12:51 PM
- goodluck said...
What about the glamorous Sunanda Pushkar who is grabbing media attention?
When Kashmir ki kali meets Kerala backwaters, it surely raises a storm. - April 15, 2010 at 2:31 PM
- Harish said...
lovely! your idea is...
IPL forgets that in the land of savita bhabhi, a pom pom girl.. shimmering in a sexy red saree will be so damn sexy.
but who is bothered about cricket now..
twashi tharoor and Twalit modi ki controversy is more sexier...
just that moody modi should be warned - dubai chechiii SUNANDA(ko aur ) PUSH (math) KAR..
else he will have to face her wrath... :) - April 15, 2010 at 3:17 PM
- Asha said...
A very good idea, 9 yards are also worn by Tambrahms in Tamilnadu so it would be nice even if Chennai's cheer leaders wore the same. Hope Mukesh takes you seriously and we have a visual treat for the final.
- April 16, 2010 at 11:46 AM
- Rony M said...
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- April 16, 2010 at 2:32 PM
- raya manna said...
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- April 16, 2010 at 3:35 PM
- bala said...
i though you we bored of ipl Madam de . any way your opinion swings are similar to ipl results
- April 16, 2010 at 5:22 PM
- Sidhusaaheb said...
"My team"? Do you have equity? Is it 'sweat equity' or have you, by any chance, chosen to pose as a 'front' for some one else?
I hope you won't find those questions insulting "as a friend and as a woman".
Pound of flesh and chaat? Did they add keema to the traditional recipe?
:P - April 16, 2010 at 5:31 PM
- Latha said...
Copy & paste http://farm1.static.flickr.com/177/364307127_2e523dc2b1.jpg?v=0
to view a beautiful 9 yards woman. - April 16, 2010 at 6:45 PM
- james said...
Shobha dear, We are waiting for your take on this IPL mess. I am sure you will share "insider" news or at least hints as the muck keeps flowing. Central govt. ministers, Lok Sabha debates, income tax raids, death threats, beautiful babes- how about a "live" instant bestseller from Shobha De publishing? james
- April 17, 2010 at 8:24 AM
- Unknown said...
How do you keep looking the way you do with all the gorging that you indulge in ????Plz share your secret .
- April 21, 2010 at 4:41 AM
- durga said...
Heya¡my very first comment on your site. ,I have been reading your blog for a while and thought I would completely pop in and drop a friendly note. . It is great stuff indeed. I also wanted to ask..is there a way to subscribe to your site via email?
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Eye of the Needle
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Title :
Eye of the Needle
Series :
Rating :
Overall Ep :
First Aired :
20 Feb 1995
Stardate :
Director :
Winrich Kolbe
Year :
Writers :
Hilary J. Bader
Season Ep :
x 06
Main Cast :
Robert Beltran
Roxanne Dawson
B'Elanna Torres
Jennifer Lien
Robert Duncan McNeil
Thomas Eugene Paris
Kate Mulgrew
Kathryn Janeway
Ethan Phillips
Robert Picardo
Emergency Medical Hologram
Tim Russ
Garrett Wang
Harry Kim
Guest Cast :
Vaughn Armstrong
Tom Virtue
Lieutenant Walter Baxter
When considering whether everybody can beam themselves home through the wormhole, Kes asks the EMH if his program can be downloaded and he says no. Yet he was downloaded to Starling's office in "Future's End", and across the galaxy in "Message in a Bottle" and "Lifeline", and is frequently downloaded into his mobile emitter in later seasons.
Great Moment :
The EMH's request for a name.
Body Count :
Voyager's crew are excited to discover a wormhole, hoping it might lead to the Alpha Quadrant. On investigation they find that the wormhole is ancient, and is in an advanced state of decay; what remains is only thirty centimetres across. Although it's far too small for Voyager to fit through, the crew are able to launch a micro probe into it. However, the probe becomes lodged half way through, further dashing everyone's hopes... until they realise that somebody on the other side is scanning the probe.
In sickbay, Kes observes the EMH at work and is concerned by how rudely some of the crew are treating him. She asks the doctor to teach her about medicine, and he offers her some books on anatomy.
In a meeting the crew decide to reconfigure the probe to send some energy pulses through the wormhole, attempting to attract the attention of whoever is on the other side. Torres makes it clear that they are working to a deadline; the wormhole is collapsing and their probe will be crushed within 72 hours. As they signal the other side of the wormhole Kes comes to see Janeway to tell her about how the crew are treating the EMH. Janeway points out the the EMH himself is becoming known for being rather rude and lacking in a bedside manner, and that they are thinking of reprogramming his personality. Kes argues that the EMH is a sentient personality and that reprogramming him would essentially be an act of murder. Janway agrees to consider it.
Working on the probe, Kim wonders if they could use it to relay a voice signal to the other end of the wormhole. They try a basic hail, and with some tweaks they get a reply - from a Romulan cargo ship in the Alpha Quadrant. At first the man refuses to believe that Voyager is a Federation ship in the Delta Quadrant, pointing out that no such ship could have gone so far across the galaxy. He cuts communication, and Tuvok points out that there are no shipping lanes in his vicinity and he is more likely a science vessel on some covert mission. Janeway orders them to continue hailing whilst she goes to talk to the EMH. They discuss his issues with the crew; he points out that people often deactivate him when they are finished with him, even though he is often in the middle of working. He says that all he really wants is a little consideration, and Janeway suggests that they could give him the ability to deactivate and reactivate himself. She asks if there is anything else he wants, and the EMH says he will think about it.
That night the Romulan responds again, and Janeway is woken to talk to him. He admits that he has tracked their signal to the Delta Quadrant, and half-believes Janeway's explanation of how they got there. He offers to use a signal booster on his ship to establish a video link, and Voyager's crew work to comply, noticing a strange phase variance in the signal which they don't understand but are able to compensate for. When the Romulan sees the bridge he remarks that he's never seen such a ship before, and Janeway points out that it is brand new, though not classified. When the Romulan says he has a year old daughter who he has not yet seen, Janeway says that they too have families who are worried about them, and that if he would pass on some letters it would mean a lot to the crew. He says he will consider it and Janeway orders everyone to prepare letters. Torres rushes to the bridge and asks to see the Captain privately; clearly agitated, she points out that the communications link they are using is almost up to transporter specifications; with a little more tweaking they may be able to beam things through the wormhole!
Kes returns the books to the Doctor and asks for more; he's amazed that she has assimilated the material so quickly and comments that she could become a doctor in short order at that rate. When Kes points out that they might be able to beam the crew off Voyager and back home, the EMH is astonished - and points out that he would have to be left behind if they did. He asks Kes to make sure that somebody remembers to make sure his program is shut down if the crew do leave, lest he be left active on a deserted ghost ship.
The transporter test is successful, despite the continuing problem of the phase variance, and the Romulan - who is called R'Mor - gets hold of their test object and comments on how small and sophisticated it is. He agrees to beam to Voyager next; if successful he will return and call for a troop ship to accommodate Voyager's crew. A happy Janeway orders the crew to prepare to leave - but Tuvok stops her and asks R'Mor the date. Confused, he replies that it is 2351; the phase variance they have been dealing with is a temporal transition, and they have beamed the Romulan from twenty years in the past. It's clear that they cannot return and alter their own history; R'Mor offers to tell Starfleet not to send Voyager on the mission to find Tuvok in the first place, but they equally can't change the present by altering the impact they've had on the Delta Quadrant. Finally they agree to give their letters home to R'Mor; he can wait until after Voyager vanishes and then send them to Starfleet. He beams away, and only then does Tuvok reveal that he looked the man up in their database; he died in 2367, four years before Voyager left. Although there is some possibility that he might have arranged for the messages to be delivered by others, the crew must face the strong possibility that they will never be delivered.
In sickbay the EMH begins to stand up for himself a little more with the crew, insisting on some recognition and respect. He also gives Kes a list of things he would like the Captain to add to sickbay to assist him in his work. A pleased Kes agrees, and the EMH makes a final, more personal request; he would like a name.
A good story with a nice twist. This is the first Voyager episode that really works on all levels. There is technobabble in the form of the wormhole and the various talk about eddies and variances and all that, but it's done the way technobabble should be; we get the idea of the wormhole as a tunnel from Voyager to the alpha quadrant, and more importantly we get a clear and simple goal in what they are doing; fiddling with the tech to attract attention, to get a voice through, to get a visual signal through, to get a transporter through. At each stage there's a clear and simple goal and the babble is there merely to support it, not as an end or plot point in itself.
The idea of beaming somebody through a wormhole is also an interesting one; it's one of those things you hear and think "well yeah, why not?" If a ship can fly through the thing, why not send a signal, why not use a transporter to beam through it. A slightly novel application of ideas we're already familiar with.
The time displacement thing is also a nice twist, which I didn't see coming though the clues are a bit obvious in retrospect. And the crew's reaction works; hopes dashed, but they still try to do what they can, only to have that hope dashed too.
The B plot also works; the first real step on the EMH's long evolution towards a fully developed character. It's a poingant moment when he asks for a name at the end. It makes absolutely no sense that he never did get one, but then that's not the fault of this episode.
© Graham & Ian Kennedy
Page views : 40,544
Last updated : 24 Nov 2014


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Stock Look-out: Levels For Regions Financial Corporation
By klaireaustria
Dec 23, 2016 04:53 AM EST
Dec 23, 2016 04:53 AM EST
Checking in on some stock volatility information, Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF)'s 12 month volatility is 33.662100. The six months volatility is recorded at 33.583400, and the 3 month is spotted at 30.996600. When viewing stock volatility, investors may have to figure out a winning combination of risk-reward to help maximize profits.
As with any trading strategy, it is smart to carefully consider risk and other market factors that may be in play when reviewing stock volatility levels.
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The six month price index is calculated by dividing the current share price by the share price six months ago. A ratio greater than one indicates an increase in share price over the period. A ratio under one shows that there has been a price decrease over the time period.
Investors may also be interested in FCF or Free Cash Flow scores for Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF). Free cash flow represents the amount of cash that a firm has generated for shareholders after paying off expenses and investing in growth. FCF may be a good way to help gauge the financial health of a certain company. After a recent look, Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF) has an FCF quality score of 12.450869. The free quality score helps estimate the stability of free cash flow. FCF quality is calculated as the 12 ltm cash flow per share over the average of the cash flow numbers. With this score, it is typically considered that the lower the ratio, the better. Currently, Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF) has an FCF score of 0.669511. The FCF score is determined by merging free cash flow stability with free cash flow growth. In general, a higher FCF score value would represent high free cash flow growth.
Checking out the Value Composite score for Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF), we notice that the stock has a current rank of 49. This is using a scale from 0 to 100 where a lower score would represent an undervalued company and a higher score would indicate an expensive or overvalued company. This rank was developed by James O'Shaughnessy in 2011. The score is derived from five different valuation ratios including price to book value, price to sales, EBITDA to Enterprise Vale, price to cash flow and price to earnings.
Traders might also be tracking the Piotroski Score or F-Score. The score was developed by Joseph Piotroski who devised a ranking scale from 0-9 to help determine the financial strength of a company. Regions Financial Corporation (NYSE:RF) currently has a Piotroski Score of 7. To get to this score, Piotroski offered one point for every piece of criteria met out of the nine considered. In terms of profitability, one point was given if there was a positive return on assets in the current year, one point if operating cash flow was positive in the current year, one point for higher ROA in the current period compared to ROA for the previous year, and one point for cash flow from operations greater than ROA.
In terms of leverage and liquidity, one point was given for a lower ratio of long term debt in the current period compared to the previous year, one point was given for higher current ratio compared to the previous year, and one point if no new shares were issued in the last year. In terms of operating efficiency, one point was given for higher gross margin compared to the previous year, and one point was given for a higher asset turnover ratio compared to the previous year. In general, a stock with a score of 8 or 9 would be considered strong while a stock with a score from 0-2 would be considered weak.
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6 Dec, 2012
FREE Download: Maritime Transport 2012 Identifies Key Trends, Challenges
Geneva, 4 December 2012 – A glut of new carrying capacity — and declining rates and levels of competition — are continuing and worrisome trends among firms providing maritime transport, UNCTAD's annual survey of the shipping industry reveals.
World seaborne trade – a measure of demand for shipping, port and logistics services – climbed by 4 per cent in 2011, reaching a record high of 8.7 billion tons, says the Review of Maritime Transport 2012 reveals. But over the same year, world ship supply capacity expanded much faster, at a rate of 10 per cent, reaching for the first time a total of 1.5 billion deadweight tons, the report says. This supply and demand mismatch is bad news for the industry and for market profitability, especially in view of the continued growth in ship supply capacity, and the current fragile and uncertain economic outlook which threatens prospects for a robust growth in demand.
Although the report focusses almost entirely on the cargo and shipping, many of its key points and conclusions have direct impact on the cruise and ferries sector.
The report notes that in tandem with world seaborne trade, global port throughput expanded in 2011, at a rate of 5.9 per cent. A total of 60 per cent of world seaborne trade by volume was loaded, and 57 per cent unloaded, in developing-country ports. That is a remarkable shift away from previous patterns, in which developing economies served mainly as loading areas for raw materials and natural resources.
Challenges to profitability, declines in competition
The Review of Maritime Transport warns that supply and demand imbalances are squeezing freight markets and tightening the finances of many shipping companies, given that such a situation tends to lower freight rates, compress earnings, and erode profit gains. Still, the net impact of lower rates on trade, especially for developing countries that have disproportionately higher transport costs, could, to some extent, be positive, the UNCTAD report says. The average cost of shipping a 20-foot equivalent unit (TEU) container from Shanghai to Northern Europe fell from $1,789 in 2010 to $881 in 2011. The average rate for shipping a 40-foot equivalent unit (FEU) container from Shanghai to the West Coast of the United States declined over the same period from $2,308 to $1,667.
From 2011 to 2012, the share of country pairs served by direct liner shipping connections remained steady at about 18 per cent; for the remaining country pairs at least one trans-shipment port continued to be required. Over the same period, the average number of liner companies providing services to and from each country's ports worldwide declined by 4.5 per cent, the report says. Meanwhile, the average size of the largest container ships increased by 11.5 per cent. Between 2004 and 2011, the average number of liner companies dropped by nearly 23 per cent, while the size of the largest ship deployed nearly doubled. A trend featuring increasing containership sizes and carrying capacities and declining competition within the industry has now continued for several years, the report says.
The underlying international legal and regulatory framework supporting transport and trade is also evolving. The Review of Maritime Transport reports on important developments relating to limitation of liability for maritime claims, trade facilitation, maritime and supply-chain security, maritime safety, and environmental issues. Among the noteworthy regulatory developments is a set of technical and operational measures to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping, which was adopted under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization in July 2011. These measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2013.
Maritime transport, climate-change concerns and sustainability
This year's report also focuses on another pressing issue facing the transport sector, namely the need for steps to be taken to reduce the negative impacts of freight transport. The sector faces a dual challenge.
On the one hand, it must reduce its high rate of energy use and curb its GHG emissions so that it becomes environmentally sustainable and can help to control climate change. The International Energy Agency estimates that the transport sector, including freight and passenger transport, consumes over 50 per cent of global liquid fossil fuels. At the same time, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimated in its Fourth Assessment Report that 13 per cent of world GHG emissions were transport-related. Unchecked, these emissions are likely to continue to grow in response to increased global economic activity.
On the other hand, the transport sector needs to adapt and build its climate resilience in the face of adverse climate change impacts, especially in ports. While ports are at the heart of international trade and are key nodes of global supply chains, they are also exposed to such climate change impacts as rising sea levels, floods, storm surges and strong winds.
The report finds that there is no single straightforward solution to the challenge of making maritime transport environmentally sustainable. It states, however, that a shift to more sustainable and resilient freight transport systems is necessary. Relevant strategies include adopting more energy efficient transport systems, promoting the use of cleaner fuels, shifting to cleaner modes of transport, and adjusting logistics operation processes. Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on transportation systems and adopting appropriate adaptation measures are key for climate resilience.
Climate change considerations need to be mainstreamed into transport planning and investment decisions, the report says. This shift requires considered and coordinated efforts by both public and private entities, and calls for extensive awareness raising, data and information gathering and technology development, as well as an enabling policy and regulatory framework. Meaningful progress in this respect will require the mobilization of much-needed financial resources, including through greater public sector involvement, public–private partnerships, and climate finance options, the report says.
Maritime transport is the backbone of international trade and the global economy. Around 80 per cent of global trade by volume and over 70 per cent of global trade by value are carried by sea and are handled by ports worldwide. These shares are even higher in the case of most developing countries.
UNCTAD's Review of Maritime Transport has for 44 consecutive years provided coverage of key developments affecting international seaborne trade, shipping, the world fleet, ports, freight markets, and transport-related regulatory and legal frameworks. The Review has also extended its coverage to include inland transport and relevant transport auxiliary services. It keeps track of long-term trends and recent developments.
As in previous issues, the 2012 Review contains critical analysis and extensive unique data, including long-term data series, on seaborne trade, fleet capacity, shipping services, and port handling activities.


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She mentions that she first learned of this dish when it was made with sun-dried tomatoes, but she prefers using fresh cherry tomatoes. I followed her lead. Halved cherry tomatoes, halved Kalamata olives, rinsed and drained capers, and some minced garlic were left to marinate in a few teaspoons of olive oil while proceeding. Seeded peppers cut into wide strips were sauteed over high heat in olive oil. I used a mix of colorful sweet peppers and a few jalapenos. Once the peppers collapsed from cooking, they were removed from the pan and added to the tomato mixture. Next, sliced halloumi was seared until golden on each side in the same pan. The pepper and tomato mixture was returned to the pan with the halloumi just to warm through, and then it was all topped with chopped herbs. Parsley and mint are suggested, but neither of those is growing in my garden right now. I used basil instead. I had just baked a sourdough boule, so I grilled thick slices to accompany the peppers and halloumi.
The salty, seared cheese with the sweet and spicy peppers, tomatoes, and briny olives and capers was a delicious mix. I also would have enjoyed this tossed with pasta or maybe with crunchy croutons or pita chips like a take on panzanella. There's another version of a sauteed pepper salad with lemon that I want to try, and the grilled pepper relish, red chile paste, and pepper sauce are on my mind as well. For any season and any vegetable, I know where to get inspired.
I am a member of the Amazon Affiliate Program.


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1999-2010 Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ 2WD 4WD Hubcentric Wheel Spacers Kit
All Roads America offers a Lifetime Warranty for our branded products. Our products are warranted to be free from manufacturer defects, such as defective welds, cracks, breakage, or failure, for the lifetime of the vehicle as long as it is utilized in accordance with manufacturer's instructions for installation and operation. Any misuse of the product as well as modifications outside of it's intended use will void the warranty.
Warranty covers defective welds, cracks, breakage, and failure for suspension components such as Strut and Coil Spacers, Lift Blocks, Torsion Keys/Tools, Trackbars, Control Arms, Leaf and Coil Springs, Shackles, Shock Extenders, Wheel Spacers, etc.
All Roads Lifetime Warranty does not cover items that have been used outside of the parts intended function, modified due to incorrect installation or to fit a different application, or altered in any way from the original condition the part.
All Roads Lifetime Warranty exludes the normal wear and tear that occurs naturally over time as well as any dents and scratches that occur from normal usage. Any item not covered with the Lifetime Warranty is covered with an All Roads 90 Day Limited Warranty.
Items covered by All Roads 90 Day Limited Warranty include: Bolts, Bushings, Bump Stops, Nuts, Washers, Wheel Studs.
Any product not covered by either our Lifetime Warranty or 90 Day Limited Warranty is covered under a separate manufacturer's warranty. Please refer to the manufacturer for their warranties.
All Roads America's Lifetime Warranty is non-transferable and may only authorized by the original purchaser of the warranted kit.
If you have any questions or wish to make a claim, please Contact Us.
All Roads America provides you with top quality products for your vehicle lift and leveling needs. And, with every product, we provide you the peace of mind you can count on once you've completed your installation.
Customer satisfation is #1 to us. If, for any reason, you are not satisfied within 30 days of your All Roads America purchase, you can return the kit for a full refund less shipping charges.
Our 30-Day Warranty does not cover items that have been used outside of the parts intended function, modified due to incorrect installation or to fit a different application, or altered in any way from the original condition the part.
If you have any questions about your order or purchase, please contact us.
All Roads America was founded under the idea of providing top quality lift & leveling kits at truly affordable prices. We know people who come from all walks of life and drives on all walks of roads. We know, since we are made up of those people and we want our roads to be accessible to everyone.
And with accessibility, we don't want to compromise on quality. We trust our products enough to offer a Lifetime Money Back Guarantee. The roads that we, and you, travel on have been there for a long time and we make sure our parts allow you to keep going down those roads for as long as they are there and even after those roads are gone.
Our parts are made to the same standards as the other big boys you see driving alongside you. We are so confident with our parts, we also offer a 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. Your satisfaction is important to us. If you put your trust in us, All Roads America will take you anywhere you want to go.
There is no limit for any excursion when you have our complete All Roads Lift Kit Package on your truck. Trail through the mountains, deserts, valleys, creeks, or any terrain your heart desires knowing our quality kits will not fail you..
With our AR-Series lift kit, no matter where you're trailing, you can feel confident that All Roads has secured your path. All Roads. One Lift At A Time.


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I've posted about my love of Harry and even made Harry Potter cookies before, but couldn't resist doing a little something to commemorate the last movie.
The cookies are a butterbeer sugar cookies with a butterbeer glaze.
But, not to fear if you don't want to print the images on frosting sheets....the cookies with just the glaze? "Bloody delicious" as I imagine Ron might say. (Is that a saying?)
I'm a first-born and I'm very bossy like that.
Where would the sorting hat put you?
{OK...and don't you think sorority rush would be SO much nicer if there was just a sorting hat?!?}
"You might belong in Gryffindor,
Where dwell the brave at heart,
Their daring, nerve, and chivalry
Set Gryffindors apart."
"You might belong in Hufflepuff,
Where they are just and loyal,
Those patient Hufflepuffs are true
And unafraid of toil."
"Or yet in wise old Ravenclaw,
If you've a ready mind,
Where those of wit and learning,
Will always find their kind."
"Or perhaps in Slytherin
You'll make your real friends,
Those cunning folk use any means
To achieve their ends."
{Source: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone}
Now, I know I wouldn't be brave enough for Gryffindor or cunning enough for Slytherin. There's no house that mentions eating sugar all day and avoiding exercise, so I'm not really sure where the hat would put me.
Butterbeer Sugar Cookies
3 cups unbleached, all-purpose flour
2 tsp baking powder
1/2 cup granulated sugar
1/2 cup light brown sugar (packed)
2 sticks butter
1 egg
1 tsp butter flavoring
3/4 tsp pure vanilla extract
Whisk the flour, baking powder, set aside.
Cream the sugar and butter. Add the egg, butter flavoring, and vanilla; mix until well-blended.
Gradually add the flour mixture and beat just until combined, scraping down the bowl, especially the bottom. (The dough will be quite thick...you may need to knead in stray bits of flour from the bottom of the bowl by hand.)
Roll on a floured surface to about 1/4" and cut into shapes. Place on parchment lined baking sheets and bake for 9-12 minutes, depending on the size of your cutter. Let sit a few minutes on the sheet, then transfer to a cooling rack.
Butterbeer Glaze
{This will cover 12 cookies...and I STRONGLY recommend doubling the recipe as you might want to put this in a shot glass and drink it straight.}
2/3 cup butterscotch chips (I used Guittard)
1/8 cup evaporated milk
1 TBSP light corn syrup
pinch coarse salt
Place all of the ingredients in a glass or metal bowl and heat over a pot of simmering water (or a double boiler). Stir occasionally, until melted and smooth.
Put the cooled cookies on a wire rack on a baking sheet. Pour the glaze over the cookies and spread with an offset spatula. If using the fondant house crests, place these on the wet glaze to adhere.
So, here's to Harry, Ron, Hermione...and of course, JK Rowling. Thank you for precious hours (and years!) spent reading aloud, snuggled under blankets with my kiddo. Thank you for casting the *perfect* actors for the movies! Thank you for amazing characters who will stay with us forever...Harry, Ron, Hermoine, Fred, George, Snape, The Dursleys, Professor McGonagall, Bellatrix and Mrs. Weasley (to name a few).
{I could go on....or maybe I already have? I'd love to hear your favorites from Harry Potter!}


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By Alicia Wallace | Daily Camera
RollinGreens, a Boulder-based food truck operator, has expanded its fleet with the addition of a second food truck, a farmers' market cart and a mobile juice bar, officials announced this week.
The new food truck and farmers' market cart are in operation and the mobile juice bar — the RollinGreens Juicery scooter — is slated to debut in May, RollinGreens officials said.
RollinGreens' food truck opened for business in 2011 with the aim of serving food made from local and organic ingredients.


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TV-over-Internet service expands despite lawsuits
NEW YORK (AP) — The Barry Diller-backed Internet company that challenged cable and satellite TV services by offering inexpensive live television online plans to expand beyond New York City this spring.
In the wake of a federal court ruling that tentatively endorsed its legality, Aereo will bring its $8-a-month service to Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, Washington and 18 other markets in the U.S., as well as to New York's suburbs. For the past year, the service had been limited to New York City residents as the company fine-tuned its technology and awaited guidance on whether its unlicensed use of free, over-the-air broadcasts amounted to a copyright violation.
A federal judge in New York ruled in July that the service doesn't appear to violate copyright law because individual subscribers are assigned their own, tiny antenna at Aereo's Brooklyn data center, making it analogous to the free signal a consumer would get with a regular antenna at home. Aereo spent the subsequent months selecting markets for expansion and renting space for new equipment in those cities.
"The court decision was the green light in our perspective," CEO and founder Chet Kanojia said in a recent interview at Aereo's sparse offices in a former engine factory in Queens. "This is an opportunity of a lifetime to build up something meaningful to change how people access TV."
Aereo is one of several startups created to deliver traditional media over the Internet without licensing agreements. Past efforts have typically been rejected by courts as copyright violations. In Aereo's case, the judge accepted the company's legal reasoning, but with reluctance.
If the ruling stands, Aereo could cause a great deal of upheaval in the broadcast industry. It could give people a reason to drop cable or satellite subscriptions as monthly bills rise. It also might hinder broadcasters' ability to sell ads because it's not yet clear how traditional audience measures will incorporate Aereo's viewership. In addition, it could reduce the licensing fees broadcasters collect from cable and satellite companies.
Broadcasters have appealed the July ruling. At a November hearing, appellate judges expressed skepticism about the legality of Aereo's operations. In addition, the original judge's ruling was preliminary, made as part of a decision to let Aereo continue operating while the lawsuits wind their way through court. Even if courts continue to side with Aereo on the legality of its setup, broadcasters still could nitpick on the details and try to argue that the antennas don't actually operate individually as claimed.
Despite Aereo's initial win, copyright attorney Kevin Goldberg with the firm Fletcher, Heald & Hildreth rated Aereo's chances "a toss-up. You really are trying to break new ground here."
Goldberg, who isn't representing either side in the case, noted that a federal judge in Los Angeles already has ruled against a copycat service called Aereokiller. Furthermore, he said, Congress can step in at any time to clarify the law.
Kanojia said he didn't want to wait for a final resolution, which could take years. He said all startups accept some risk when they try to shake up an industry.
With average monthly TV bills exceeding $75, Aereo is positioning itself as a cheaper alternative. For $8 a month, subscribers in New York get 29 over-the-air stations. They can watch shows live and record up to 20 hours using Aereo's Internet-based digital video recorder. Subscribers get 40 hours of DVR space for $12 a month and can reduce that to less than $7 by paying for a year in advance.
While cable and satellite services are geared toward watching television on TVs, Aereo streams feeds over the Internet to Windows and Mac computers, iPhones, iPads and boxes such as Roku and Apple TV for feeding Internet content to regular TVs. Android support is expected this year. Services such as Hulu and Apple's iTunes also offer television over the Internet, but not live.
The downside: Aereo doesn't offer cable channels such as CNN, HBO, ESPN and regional sports networks. The exception is Bloomberg TV financial news channel, which reached a deal in which Aereo is paying an unspecified fee. Cable lineups typically have hundreds of channels, compared with a few dozen for Aereo.
The 22 markets Aereo plans for this spring's expansion are Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Birmingham, Ala., Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Houston, Kansas City, Madison, Wis., Miami, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Providence, R.I., Raleigh-Durham, N.C., Salt Lake City, Tampa, Fla., and Washington. With that, Aereo estimates that the service will reach nearly 100 million potential customers.
After that, Aereo plans to add more cities a few times each year.
Aereo announced the expansion on Tuesday in Las Vegas, as the annual International CES gadget show formally opened.
One factor for the initial round was a market's proximity to Aereo's headquarters in New York, in case engineers need to board a train or a plane to resolve problems. Weather also was a factor, as much of the construction is taking place during winter months.
Another consideration was demographics. One key target will be people in their 20s who have never subscribed to cable or satellite TV, a group Aereo terms the "cord nevers." Research from Nielsen shows that younger Americans tend to watch more video over the Internet and less on traditional TV than older audiences.
Kanojia said Aereo is offering broadcasters a way to reach younger audiences where they spend their time.
The National Association of Broadcasters disagrees. NAB spokesman Dennis Wharton likened Aereo to someone who steals a six-pack of Coke, shares cans with friends and then claims to be helping the soda company promote its product.
"If you're selling the program for a fee and not compensating the rights holder for that product, that's fundamentally unfair and violates the copyright law," Wharton said.
Aereo, which wouldn't reveal how many subscribers it has, said it will keep prices the same in the new markets, though the available channels will vary.
Not all channels will be offered to everyone in a given market. For example, a Virginia subscriber might be blocked from a Maryland station even though both are in the Washington market. Aereo said it will use data from the Federal Communications Commission to calculate whether that subscriber would normally be able to pick up that station using a regular antenna.
Out-of-market stations won't be available, even if both markets are served by Aereo after the expansion. A New York subscriber who takes a trip to Chicago, for instance, would be able to watch only Chicago stations — and not New York channels — while in the Windy City.
In doing so, Aereo continues to tread the boundaries of copyright law.
A 1992 federal cable law allows broadcasters to demand licensing fees from services that retransmit their signals, even if a station offers its signal over the air for free. Cable and satellite companies spend millions of dollars for those rights and often blame price hikes on the fees. High-profile disputes over such fees have led to blackouts of stations on some TV lineups, as broadcasters aren't required to offer their signals to any of these services.
Aereo argues that it isn't subject to those fees because it uses thousands of dime-size antennas to pick up signals and assigns them to subscribers one at a time. The company insists it is merely renting an antenna to the customer, and it's the customer who enables the transmission, the way one would with a home antenna. If two subscribers record the same show, two antennas would be assigned and two copies would be stored on the virtual DVR. The setup is inefficient; Aereo admits it's done solely because of copyright law.
Judge Alison Nathan sided with Aereo last summer, denying broadcasters a request to shut down the service pending resolution of the lawsuits filed in March by major networks and local stations, as well as producers of some of their shows. Nathan ruled that while the service might hurt broadcasters' ability to make money, the law left her no other choice.
Nathan had relied on a 2008 court decision involving a remote DVR service offered by Cablevision Systems Corp. In their appeal, broadcasters pointed out that Cablevision was already paying licensing fees for TV signals, so the court was deciding whether the company had to pay extra for the new service. Cable and satellite TV operators are not plaintiffs in the lawsuits against Aereo, but Cablevision filed a brief saying that Aereo should be subject to the same fees that cable companies have to pay.
Aereo's early investors include Diller's IAC/InterActiveCorp, which owns Match.com, Ask.com and other websites. On Tuesday, Aereo said it has closed on a second round of financing, worth $38 million and led by IAC and Highland Capital Partners.
Aereo: http://aereo.com
Legal blog entry on Aereo: http://bit.ly/ZCT1Pa
Broadcasters group: http://nab.org


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The man who has represented the interests of Syrians living in Southern California as honorary consul general there has resigned from the volunteer position because he "could no longer bear witness to such barbaric crimes" by the regime of President Bashar Assad.
In a conversation with host Renee Montagne today on Morning Edition, and in an email exchange with NPR producer Amy Walters, Hazem Chehabi said the massacre of more than 100 people on Friday in the Syrian town of Houla was "a tipping point."
He could no longer "justify remaining silent or remaining in a position that may be perceived, correctly or incorrectly, to have ties to the Syrian government," Chehabi told Renee.
"The graphic pictures that emerged" from Houla, he added in the email to Amy, "tipped me over the edge."
Chehabi, a friend of Syrian President Bashar Assad since they were boys, told Renee that he's "not really sure that I can make sense of what is taking place in Syria." Assad, said Chehabi, "has to be responsible for the action of his own government. ... Either [Assad's forces are] committing those atrocities, and therefore you're guilty, or you're not preventing them from happening. The buck has to stop somewhere and to me the buck stops all the way at the top."
In his email, Chehabi also said he is "a physician first and foremost, a volunteer serving my community as honorary consul general for over 18 years. ... Throughout the years, I have always been clear in all my statements; I do not represent the Syrian government, nor do I speak on its behalf."
He has, Chehabi added, "been losing sleep over the atrocities committed in Syria and the dark future that lies ahead."
As we've previously reported, Chehabi's position as honorary consul general had sparked calls for him to step down as chair of the UC Irvine Foundation.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Watch These Kids Who Hate Eating Their Vegetables — Daily Distraction
[onescreen item="5147307"]
Kids and their hatred of vegetables ... it's a tale as old as spinach.
These kids' parents, though, take this torture to a whole new level. Not only do they force their poor offspring to ingest the vile stuff, they film the ordeal, presumably in expectation of later forcing them to watch their own agony at family gatherings for the next few decades. It's a brutal cycle, captured for your pleasure here. Enjoy!
The Daily Distraction is your Internet break from reality. Whether you're eating lunch at your desk or avoiding high school exes on Facebook, you might just laugh, say "aaahhh" or not believe what you just watched.