text:
MIAMI — After his father was diagnosed with cancer, a 15-year-old Champaign, Ill., teen started skipping school, erupting in angry outbursts, yelling at teachers and punching holes in walls or retreating to his room paralyzed by an overwhelming sadness.
When the teen's assistant principal approached him a few months ago about seeking help for mental illness, the student initially declined, saying he didn't need it. However, eventually he did seek treatment. Diagnosed with major depressive disorder, he joined group therapy sessions at his school.
As stories about increasing school violence dominate headlines, experts say many teens are struggling with untreated mental illness. Yet, school officials around the country are themselves grappling with the best way to offer mental health services in a patchwork, underfunded system.
"We have (schools) screening for all kinds of rare infectious diseases and then we don't screen for common behavioral disorders that are costly to the individual, the family and society in terms of health care utilization, crime cost and high risk of death … it doesn't make any sense from a public health perspective," said Mike Dennis, of Chestnut Health Systems in Normal, Ill. He teaches clinicians in 49 states how to assess and treat patients with mental illness and substance abuse.
Although the 15-year-old Illinois student was not diagnosed through a school program, in his school-based group therapy he's learning practical tips to identify his triggers and calm them before emotions spin out of control.
"I think it is a good idea because a lot of people think they don't need help but they actually do," said the teen, who is not being identified by The Associated Press because he is a minor.
Federal health officials recommended universal mental health screenings for students nearly a decade ago, but it's still not required. An AP review of policies around the nation shows screenings vary widely not only from state to state, but within each school district. There's no consistency on whether the schools screen, what age they screen and what they screen for.
The federal government does not keep track of school mental health screening, so it's all but impossible to say how many schools do or don't offer it.
The offerings vary from intensive services to virtually none at all.
"No state is providing high-end services in all of their schools," said Sharon Stephan, co-director of the Center for School Mental Health, a national organization based at the University of Maryland that provides training for schools and mental health providers.
Baltimore and Chicago have robust screening and treatment programs. Teachers in one South Florida school district screen children as young as kindergarten by filling out a short questionnaire, while students in Minnesota answer anonymous surveys about drug use and depression. In Olympia, Wash., 21,000 students were screened for substance abuse and mental health issues in 2010, but that dropped to only 7,500 in 2012 due to lack of funding.
Mental health issues typically start during adolescence. If left untreated, they can lead to substance abuse, school drop outs and difficulty maintaining steady jobs and relationships. Yet many people are not diagnosed until later in life when they don't have access to services because they don't have health insurance or their insurance doesn't cover it. The U.S. Surgeon General reports that 10 percent of children and adolescents suffer from serious emotional and mental disorders that significantly affect their daily lives.
However, offering mental health screening in schools can raise other complex issues. Some warn that mass screenings will over-diagnose students and stigmatize them with a life-long label.
"People have to be very cautious when they are talking cavalierly about screening these kids. How do people feel if they are over-identify or under-identify? … The consequences to that are big," said Linda Juszczak, president of the School-Based Health Alliance, a group that advocates for school clinics.
Some also say mass screenings could uncover mental health problems that schools lack resources to treat.
"Once we screen and assess and discover the need, I think it's our responsibility to have the resources in place to service every one of those needs that are uncovered," said Denise Wheatley-Rowe, of Behavioral Health System Baltimore.
The organization developed a system that has gained national recognition using a team of school officials and community mental health experts to target students most in need. The program has grown from four schools to more than 100 in the past 25 years. It helps nearly 7,000 children a year at all grade levels through prevention and early intervention treatments.
The team identifies children who may need help based on factors like whether they have a parent in prison or who struggles with substance abuse. Before children enter middle and high school, the team scans data for those struggling academically and behaviorally, including those with high truancy or suspension rates, and then offers individual counseling or family therapy based on the student's need.
In South Florida a fourth grader was involuntarily hospitalized for a week last August after threatening to attack a teacher's face with a pencil and throwing chairs and overturning tables in the classroom. The child, who was diagnosed with oppositional defiance disorder and anxiety, was placed on medication and returned to school with a case plan. A counselor is also working with his mother on parenting skills.
Dr. Seth Bernstein, a psychologist who consulted on the case, called it a missed opportunity. The child was never screened for mental health or behavioral issues because screenings weren't offered at his school when he was there. A program that offered academic support and family counseling, employing four dozen mental health experts had been cut at his school and 69 other elementary schools in Palm Beach County a year earlier.
In contrast, Matthew Palma, 10, attended play sessions as a kindergartener as part of Primary Project, which screens 3,000 kindergarten and first-graders in Palm Beach County each year through a one-page assessment completed by teachers. About 650 are referred for play sessions. Children with less severe issues, such as trouble expressing themselves or making friends, attend play therapy weekly for three months. Children with more serious issues are referred for other services.
The program, which costs $560,000 a year, is in 12 schools — about 10 percent of schools in the district — but program leaders say they get daily requests to expand. Matthew's mother, Susan, says his confidence improved dramatically and the now fifth grader isn't afraid to talk to adults or raise his hand in class. She agreed to let him be interviewed for this story.
"It's basically just to screen them for potential social, emotional, behavioral issues. Some of them may be some false positives. You may miss some kids, but it gives kids that upper chance of being identified and getting services early on before it's too late," Bernstein said.
However, even when services are offered, some parents are reluctant.
Michelle Anderson said her son's third grade teacher at a Davenport, Iowa, elementary school referred him for a mental health screening in the community, where a psychiatrist diagnosed him with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and prescribed the 8-year-old Ritalin. She eventually took him off the medicine after she said he repeatedly came home from school sobbing and overwhelmed.
She pushed the school to instead test her son for learning disabilities and found he had a problem organizing information. She asked for extra help in the classroom, but she said the school refused. Earlier this year, officials at a different school again recommended that her now 15-year-old son seek psychiatric treatment. He was prescribed the antidepressant Prozac, but she never filled the prescription after her pharmacist warned of side effects for teenagers, including suicidal thoughts and hallucinations.
"It just seems like they want to medicate rather than provide education support," said Anderson, who is now home-schooling her son. She asked that the AP not use his name because he is a minor.
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Pre-show remarks: I'm going to go ahead and get this post up now, so folks will be able to comment as soon as the show ends today — or heck, even comment live as it's progressing. Anticipation for this one has been off the chain. I don't think I've ever seen anything like it in my 12 off-and-on years of being involved with AETV, and I imagine we'll easily have the largest UStream viewership we've ever had. With about 4½ hours to go at the time I'm writing this, already the chat room is packed. So if you haven't already done so, run to the store, stock up on popcorn or your preferred snack-of-choice, and get ready. I'll see you back here for the post-mortem.
By the way, you can stop sending us "Q for Ray" questions now. We've gotten literally hundreds of them (though the number of viable questions is significantly lower once we weed out all the banana-related ones), and I have no idea how much of the show will be devoted to viewers' questions and how much will be straight-up debate between Matt and Russell and Ray. So it'll go how it goes, gang. I'm sure we're in for a good time all the same.
Postmortem: Well, how about that, eh?
As you can well imagine, watching this was, for us co-hosts, an endless exercise in screaming frustration that we couldn't be on. There were so many moments where I could have shut Ray down in an instant on many of his usual arguments, though Matt and Russell did fine work, as I'm sure I don't need to say. I could probably do a whole blog on the first 10 minutes of the show alone. Suffice it to say that it was all roaringly entertaining, and extremely informative, for those who want to know how a mind (and I use that term advisedly) like Ray's functions. So many of the arguments Ray hopes to employ against atheists are nothing more than ammo we could easily turn around on him. It's pitiful that he does not recognize this.
In order to keep this post from reaching Atlas Shrugged length, I'll concentrate on two PRATT arguments Ray loves to bring up, and which we saw dusted off and put through their paces again today. "Something from Nothing" and "A Painting Requires a Painter".
That things in nature, including the universe itself, appear to be designed, is intuitive to us, because we are pattern-seeking creatures. But where Christians like Ray go phenomenally wrong is in confusing and conflating order and design. Design, at least as Christians use the term, implies intelligent agency and purpose. Order is entailed by the nature of existence itself. As George Smith points out, to exist at all is to exist as something. But order alone is not evidence of intelligent design. The great irony of Paley's Watchmaker argument is that it demonstrates this. To deduce that the watch in the desert must be a designed artifact, the observer is reaching that conclusion by comparing the watch to its surroundings. The watch stands out because it is wholly unlike the desert. The Watchmaker argument proves, if nothing else, that deserts are not designed.
Ray lives in a curious alterna-reality in which he claims everything is the product of divine design, which prompts the question of how he knows (other than the Bible told him so), what frame of reference he is using to distinguish design from non-design. I wonder if Ray has ever looked at those grains of sand he keeps bringing up under a microscope, though. When you do, do you know what you see? Something like this:
No two are alike. No two have precisely the same chemical or mineral composition. Ray would, no doubt, insist that God is so awesome that he literally can design each and every individual grain of sand as lovingly as a work of art. That in his omnipotence, God can effortlessly lavish such loving attention on even the smallest thing. And that's the problem when you argue with someone about their imaginary magical friend. There are no rules in magical thinking.
If sand grains were designed, wouldn't you expect to see more uniformity? Most designers, after all, prefer to work from schematics and templates, from blueprints and preliminary concepts. The photo above suggests a couple of options for those inclined to think like Ray. 1) The grains of sand are the random product of erosion and other natural processes that determined their shape, mass, composition, color, and all the rest of it. Or 2) they were designed by a God who, for reasons best known to himself, intentionally made them look random. But why? In order to trick us, or just to show off his artistic side, or what?
The problem with positing a God over natural processes in a nutshell: With nature, you're allowed elegant, simple, and in most cases empirically verifiable explanations for what is observed. With gods, you now have to add a whole new host of arguments and explanations to understand why this magic being would have gone about his business one way as opposed to another way. And not one of these arguments comes with evidence that allows you to test it. It's all down to that old bugaboo, "faith," in the end. Gods not only don't explain things, they pile on more inexplicable, unnecessary nonsense.
To be continued...

subset: commoncrawl


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To WonderGirl, On Her 18th Birthday
(To be opened November 14, 2023)
My dear, dear WonderGirl,
Once upon a time, not too long ago, sweet girl, you were WonderBaby. You were my WonderBaby.
When you turned one year old, you stood 32 inches tall. Your head was big and round with tufts of yellow hair, and your eyes were big and blue and sparkling with curiosity. You held that sweet round head high, your shoulders always back, your proud chest thrust out to meet the world. You marched through life, on two steady feet, belly-forward. You were as self-assured as a much older child, and yet, you were still my baby.
You taught yourself to walk (and roll and climb) at the first opportunity, and by your first birthday, you were running and clambering and exploring this big wonderful world as quickly and thoroughly as you could. You were as sure-footed as a child many times your age, but you were still my baby.
Your first recognizable words were Mama and Dada, but you very quickly added Hi, Bye, Book (buk) and Cat (ka) to your arsenal of words, which you always held in reserve until the moment that each would have its most devastating, heart-melting effect.
You loved to explore, and to learn, and by the time you turned one year old, you had figured out how to get past baby gates and how to open doors and you made it clear, with every step, that nothing would hold you back. You were always looking for new faces, new things, new landscapes, but you always kept one eye on the whereabouts of your Mommy, or your Da. You delighted at encountering both the familiar and the strange. You were fearless, but you were, always, my baby.
On your first birthday, you started the day with a squeal of delight, and spent the morning racing about the house, chasing cats and pulling books from the shelf and refusing breakfast because everything was just too interesting and there were just too many things to do and I looked at you and I thought, what a powerful, powerful little person my baby is. Such a little person. But still my baby.
I looked at you and I was astounded: my baby, turning into a little girl. My heart pounded and swelled and broke, just a little bit, as it expanded to contain the flood of love and the flood of hope and the flood of fear. You were growing, as I watched. You were becoming you, ever more you, and, so, ever less me. The time and distance from your birth, one year prior, was so great that for a moment I thought that, if I were to look back, really, I would not be able to see across that distance. At the moment of your birth, you were still part of me, flesh of my flesh, blood of my blood. As I looked at you on your first birthday, I saw – and thrilled and wept for seeing – that you were so rapidly becoming you.
And now, so many years, you are you. I know this, without having yet seen it.
I don't know you – the grown-up you, the you of your future, of my future - yet. I'm writing this on the occasion of your first birthday: there are many years still to come before I know the grown-up you, the you who will read this letter and wonder at her mother's sentimentality. I'm only just starting to know you, even though, in so many respects, I already know you better than I do any other being, and even though it will be many, many years before another human being knows you as well as I do. As remarkable as it seems to say so, I am only just now - in this, your first year - starting to know you. It is my hope, my wish, my intention that I will always strive to know you, to understand you. It is my wish, my hope - however misguided it may turn out to be, at times - that you will always let me.
I don't know what will happen (what has happened, if we are truly looking backward, from the vantage of your 18th year) between your first and your eighteenth birthdays. I don't know, yet, the stages that you will go through. I know that there will be much joy, much laughter, many smiles. I know that there will be much love, and many hugs. I know that we will have shared all of these things, in spades, by the time you read this letter.
I know, too, that we will have shared many tears. We will have shared pain. I'm certain that there will have been misunderstandings, resentments, confusion between us. I'm certain that there will have been many, many times that you will have felt such a great distance from me – and I from you – that the fact of our closeness, the fact of the bond of flesh and blood and heart between us, will have been forgotten, lost somewhere over the horizon of the space between us, mother and daughter.
But that fact – the fact that you are my flesh, my blood, my soul, my heart - will, always, remain. For as much as you grow and live and live and grow and become you – wonderful, brilliant, beautiful you; sure-footed, self-assured, fearless you – you will always be mine, you will always be my heart.
You will always, always be my baby.
I love you.
November 14, 2006
Happy Birthday, Baby. Happy Birthday.


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In the same arena where the fighters met for their first bout, Pacquiao left little doubt about the result — although that's what he thought last time, too. Bradley's split-decision victory astonished most ringside observers, who felt Pacquiao had earned a clear decision. "I knew I had to do more in this fight than I did in the last fight," Pacquiao said. Judges Craig Metcalfe and Michael Pernick scored the rematch 116-112 for Pacquiao, while Glenn Trowbridge favored the Filipino congressman 118-110. The Associated Press scored it 116-112 for Pacquiao.
After the fight, Bradley said he injured his right calf early on, But he also applauded the decision when it was announced, and he congratulated Pacquiao in the ring, "I tried, I really tried," Bradley said, "I wanted that knockout, Manny is a great fighter, one of the best in the world, I lost to one of the greatest how to sew freed pointe shoes fighters in boxing, I kept trying to throw something over the top, That's what we worked on in camp, That was the plan, but Pacquiao has great footwork."..
Pacquiao landed 35 percent of his 563 punches, while Bradley connected with just 22 percent of his 627 blow. Pacquiao's jab was much more effective, landing 23 percent to Bradley's measly 11 percent, and the Pacman had a slight edge in landing 148 power punches to Bradley's 109. Pacquiao's performance righted one of the biggest perceived wrongs in recent boxing history. Pacquiao was an eight-division world champion on 15-fight winning streak when Bradley was awarded a split decision in their last bout.
Pacquiao was more aggressive and accurate from the opening minutes of the rematch, sticking to trainer Freddie Roach's pleas to take the action to Bradley, They exchanged big shots in the opening rounds, but Pacquiao appeared to wear out how to sew freed pointe shoes Bradley with the heavy early pace — and the Pacman never slowed down, "I didn't want to get careless," Pacquiao said, "I picked up more steam in the second half when I made adjustments that Freddie gave me in the corner, Bradley was much better than in the first fight we had, He hurt me on the chin."..
Although Pacquiao couldn't knock down Bradley, he answered the questions raised by Bradley about his killer instinct with a consistent attack all night. Bradley couldn't match that consistent aggression with counterpunching, apparently trying and failing to catch Pacquiao out of position. "It looked to me like Bradley was just going for a one-punch home run," Roach said. The arena was crackling with energy when both fighters made their ring walks, with Pacquiao in the unusual position of going first as the challenger.
Pacquiao landed a series of big left hands in the early rounds, knocking back Bradley with gusto, Bradley responded impressively in the fourth round, wobbling Pacquiao twice with a right hand, The pace slowed in the fifth, with Bradley showing off his defense and movement while Pacquiao attempted to trap him against the ropes, Pacquiao appeared to stagger Bradley late in the seventh round with a vicious combination, but Bradley stood with his back against the ropes and defiantly encouraged it, blocking most of the shots, Bradley appeared to pretend to have wobbly legs at how to sew freed pointe shoes one point after a Pacquiao miss, but his open mouth betrayed his weariness while Pacquiao steadily racked up rounds midway through the fight..
Bradley came on strong in the 12th, and the fighters' heads collided late in the round. Pacquiao avoided any trouble until the final bell, when he did a short dance step to his corner. While Bradley remains publicly confident he beat Pacquiao in their first bout despite fighting on two injured feet, that much-derided decision sent both fighters' careers on wild spirals. The two judges who scored the bout 115-113 for Bradley are no longer in the boxing business, but their decision ended Pacquiao's 15-fight win streak and forced Bradley to defend himself against widespread criticism of the result.
Bradley endured death threats and depression before returning to the ring in unusually reckless style, He brawled with Ruslan Provodnikov in March 2013 in a sensational unanimous-decision victory that silenced critics of his style and heart, Bradley then how to sew freed pointe shoes outpointed veteran Mexican champion Juan Manuel Marquez last fall, polishing his skills and making himself attractive to Pacquiao for a rematch, Pacquiao was knocked unconscious by Marquez in the sixth round of their fourth fight in late 2012, and he took nearly a year off before returning for a workmanlike victory over Brandon Rios last fall, Pacquiao's last two performances prompted Bradley to declare Pacquiao had lost his killer instinct, noting he was unable or unwilling to stop any of his opponents since late 2009..


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Red Sox - 002 000 000 - 2 7 0Lester's (4-9-8-5-5, 99) bid to grab his 20th win of the season was short-lived.
White Sox - 101 420 00x - 8 11 1
Juan Pierre (3-for-4, 3 runs, 3 SB) scored in both the first and third. With two outs in the fourth, Lester walked Pierre and Alexei Ramirez before giving up a grand slam to Paul Konerko. Lester started the fifth by allowing a single to Ramon Castro and a home run to Dayan Viciedo, and that was the end of his night -- and his 2010 season.
Victor Martinez's clubbed a two-run dong that gave Boston a 2-1 lead for a few minutes. Marco Scutaro and Mike Lowell both singled and doubled.
The game was delayed for 21 minutes in the bottom of the sixth when most of the light towers went dark.Jon Lester / John Danks
Scutaro, 2BSeptember 30:
McDonald, RF
Martinez, C
Beltre, 3B
Lowell, DH
Lowrie, SS
Kalish, CF
Hall, LF
Anderson, 1B
1976 - The White Sox's lineup against the Angels is in numerical order by field position: C-1B-2B-SS-3B-LF-CF-RF-DH. They lose 7-3.
1988 - Toronto's Dave Stieb loses a no-hitter with one out remaining for the second consecutive start. In his last start, a 1-0 win over Cleveland, he went 8.2 no-hit innings before Julio Franco singled to center. Tonight, Jim Traber bloops a single into right field, but Stieb gets the next batter and wins 4-0.


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Red Sox - 013 020 005 - 11 13 0Boston's first three-game sweep in Tampa Bay since 2001* moves the Red Sox from 8.5 GB to 5.5 GB in three days. They are now in third place, two games behind the Yankees.
Rays - 010 100 001 - 3 10 0
* Boston swept two consecutive three-game series at the Trop in 2001: April 17-19 and June 19-21. The following season, Boston swept two four-game series (May 3-6 and September 9-12, 2002), so the "first three-game sweep" tidbit is a bit of a trick.
Adrian Beltre went 4-for-5, with a single, triple, two long home runs to left, and tied a career high with 6 RBI. It was the 19th four-hit game of Beltre's career, but his first with a triple and two dongs. His other game with 6 RBI was July 27, 2000 in Colorado. (Alex Cora followed Beltre in the Dodgers order that day and had 5 RBI! And Eric Gagne started for LA!)
David Ortiz hit a two-run bomb in the fifth and Darnell McDonald had a two-run double in the ninth.
Lackey (6.1-8-2-4-1, 115) was the very definition of "winning ugly", allowing at least two base runners in each of his first five innings, thanks to seven hits and four walks up to that point. ... Garza (5-5-6-5-3, 103) also struggled -- 75 pitches in the first three innings -- and the Red Sox were able to hit three dongs to make his mistakes translate into runs.
Back in April, when Tampa swept a four-game series in Boston for the first time ever, I checked how many four-game series the Rays had played at Fenway by going through Tampa's schedules at B-Ref year by year. Soon after I did that, though, I realized there was a far easier way. I should have looked at this page, which lists every game the two teams have played. Boston is now 131-80 (.618) against the (Devil) Rays.
The Yankees resumed their suspended game and beat the Twins 1-0, then won the regularly scheduled game 3-2. The Jays lost to the Angels 6-5.
New York is 3.5 GB, Boston is 5.5 GB and Toronto is 6 GB.John Lackey / Matt Garza
Short-staffed tonight, as Martinez, Ellsbury, and Drew will not be in the starting lineup.Scutaro, SS
Pedroia, 2B
Ortiz, DH
Youkilis, 1B
Beltre, 3B
Hermida, LF
Varitek, C
Cameron, CF
McDonald, RF
The Red Sox finally have a chance to move into third place with a win and a Blue Jays loss. (Blue Jays/Angels and Yankees/Twins at 7 PM. The Yankees and Twins will resume their suspended game at 5 PM.)
Lackey's last three starts: 18 innings, 23 hits, 12 walks, 13 strikeouts, 7.50 ERA, .922 opponents OPS. ... Walk totals in last four starts: 2, 3, 4, 5.
Looking at Lackey's 2010 splits, we see that he is at his worst the second time through the lineup, innings 2-4, and pitches 26-75. Part of that can be chalked up to a very high BABIP. ... Also, with 2 outs in an inning, batters against Lackey are hitting .323/.429/.523 (which is much better than they do with 0 or 1 out).This Date in Baseball History:
1959: Pittsburgh's Harvey Haddix pitches 12 perfect innings against Milwaukee before losing the game in the 13th. Joe Adcock hits a three-run home run off Haddix, but he "passes" Hank Aaron on the bases (actually, Aaron left the field), so he gets credit for a double and the final score is 1-0.
1976: Ken Brett of the White Sox has a no-hitter against the Angels with two outs in the ninth inning when Jerry Remy hits a slow roller down the third base line. Jorge Orta lets the ball roll and it is ruled a hit. Brett allowed another hit in the 10th and finally won the game 1-0 in 11 innings.
1993: Cleveland's Carlos Martinez hits a fly ball that bounces off the head of Rangers outfielder Jose Canseco and over the fence for a home run.


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PHILADELPHIA – An assault trial over a fight that cost a man his left eye ended in a mistrial Wednesday when his prosthetic eye popped out as he was testifying, startling jurors.
John Huttick was weeping on the witness stand as he testified about the impact of losing his eye in the August 2011 fight in the parking lot of a bar called the New Princeton Tavern, The Philadelphia Inquirer reported.
Suddenly, the $3,000 prosthetic blue eye popped out. Huttick caught it and cried out as two jurors gasped and started to rise.
"I couldn't believe it just came out," Huttick said.
Judge Robert Coleman, who called it an "unfortunate, unforeseen incident," granted a mistrial motion by defense attorney Eileen Hurley. He scheduled a new trial for March 4.
A group of people including Huttick and defendant Matthew Brunelli had been drinking at the bar, Assistant District Attorney Mark Gilson said. Brunelli left with a girlfriend but got into an argument with another patron that turned into a fight in the parking lot, and when Huttick tried to separate the pair Brunelli threw a punch that hit Huttick's left eye, Gilson said.
Hurley said her client, who's charged with aggravated assault, struck Huttick with a fist, but Gilson said he "stabbed" Huttick with a metal key sticking out between his fingers.
Huttick, who's suing Brunelli, said that he lost his job because of the injury and that depression drained his finances and nearly broke up his relationship with his girlfriend.
"A year later," Huttick said, "I have no place to live, and I ran out of money."


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Barely medium rare at 132f, perfect for us! |
And get this....it is extra lean. Yeah, I know, that "extra lean" would normally make me assume it is "dry and tasteless" too but nothing could be further from the truth. Earlier this year, the American Heart Association certified three cuts of beef as "extra lean", meaning they have met the AHA's criteria for low cholesterol and saturated fats.
- Boneless top sirloin petite roast
- Top sirloin fillet
- Top sirloin kabobs
She and I talked some after the questionnaire and I learned a lot more about the nutritional value of these cuts. I was going to buy the boneless top sirloin petite roast anyway because I thought it looked fresh and perfect for the grill. Knowing they were lower in saturated fat AND cholesterol than a boneless skinless chicken thigh made that decision even easier.
I was wary of the "extra lean" factor but wanted to avoid covering it with a lot of sauces that would just add fat back in. Instead I threw together a "Cajun-ish" flavorful wet rub and fire roasted it.
Fire Roasted "Cajun-ish" Top Sirloin Petite Roast
Serves 4
- 1 1/2 to 2 lb boneless top sirloin petite roast
- 1 tsp olive oil
- 1 tsp fresh thyme
- 3/4 tsp Kosher salt
- 1/2 tsp dried minced garlic
- 1/4 tsp black pepper
- 1/4 tsp cayenne pepper
- 1/4 tsp white pepper
- 1 1/2 cups beef stock
- 1 clove garlic, peeled but left whole
- 1/4 tsp black pepper
- sprig of fresh thyme (optional)
- Preheat your grill to 350f. Have the grill set up for a two zone fire so you can switch from indirect to direct heat.
- Whisk the oil and seasonings together into a "wet rub" and slather this rub all over the roast.
- Combine the au jus ingredients in a pan.
- Roast the beef over indirect heat on a rack directly over the au jus pan until it reaches your desired degree of doneness. We prefer rare/medium rare so I cooked mine for about 50 minutes until it reached an internal temperature of 130f. I also like to flip my roast about half way through the estimated cooking time for even cooking.
- Sear roast over direct flame for about 1 minute per side to crisp and darken the outer crust. Whisk and strain the au jus into a warm bowl.
- Remove from heat and let rest 10 minutes before slicing. Serve with the au jus
You could cook this in an oven and then pan sear it at the end or just crank the oven temp up to 500 for the last 5 minutes.
When I sampled the first slice off of the cutting board I was immediately impressed. It is melt in your mouth tender like beef tenderloin but has the rich flavor of a strip loin steak. The flavor of the beef really shines and the little spicy kick of the rub didn't overpower the tastes but added to it. The family readily agreed. We will definitely be adding this rich yet healthy cut o' beef to our shopping list regularly.
Did I mention...it is steak and has less saturated fats than a boneless skinless chicken thigh!?! (Learn more at www.beefitswhatsfordinner.com)
See why I was going to buy it anyway before I knew the health benefits? |
Look for the "Heart Check" symbol on your meat aisle. |
A loaf pan sized foil pan fits perfectly to add the drippings to the au jus. |
Searing direct at the end helps form a flavorful crust. |
Make it a meal - Fresh green beans, garlic/rosemary roasted potatoes, and the au jus. |
[Standard Disclaimer] I received no compensation for this post although I did receive a $20 Food City gift card for participating in their questionnaire at the store.
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A while back, Max Kornblith sent the following email to Tyler Cowen, an economist who blogs at Marginal Revolution:
1) As a fairly recent graduate of an Ivy League institution (with a bachelor's degree), most of my classmates seemed to have some idea that career and life path choice should be driven by a "passion" such that the right choice is self-evident to the chooser. What does this belief mean to you as a social scientist? ...
For question two, then, you may sense where this is going ...
2) Assume I have no such passion. Furthermore, I am a fairly well-qualified young generalist.* What paths should most appeal to me if my goal is to maximize doing "interesting" work? Doing meaningful work? Achieving social status? (Which of these goals should be primary?) Need I try to develop a passion before selecting a life path/career, and if so, how do I do it?
All the best, Max
*Two years out with a BA from an Ivy League school. Top 10 percent of the class but not an academic rock star. A record of primarily reading/writing-intensive courses, as well as basic to intermediate economics, calculus, statistics, a proofs course. Time spent abroad in study and travel, though no foreign language fluency. Two years in the private sector with a decent amount of analytic and management experience, but without a big name behind it.
"Max has me stumped," Tyler Cowen wrote recently on his blog.
The fact that Max and other young college graduates can even entertain this question — "What is my passion?" — is a new conundrum, and still a luxury not everybody enjoys. Yet, Tyler recently told me, it is "a central question of our time."
So what's the best, most rational answer for Max? It seems like economics could help; after all, it's about costs and benefits and modeling complicated decisions.
But, Tyler says, "it was a truly difficult, tough question to make any progress on."
Months passed. Tyler felt guilty. So he invited Max to lunch, and brought along two other economists — Bryan Caplan and Garett Jones — for backup. The economists posed questions to help Max frame the issue:
In the end, the three economists did not advise Max to pursue some particular career path. They didn't even give very specific advice. But they did all agree that Max's lack of a passion could work to his advantage. Pursuing a passion — especially if it's a popular passion — often doesn't pay very well.
Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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A Little … Well ok…Big Announcement
I have been toying with how to break the news to you… Late at night, I would design some cute picture involving the husband and the pups, just the pups, just the husband but of course, I always ran out of time. It's been a whirlwind since May. Workshops, cookbook shoots, some editorial shoots. Lots of travel. Lots of packing and unpacking.
Well…there will be one more big swoop of packing. But not a couple of suitcases. A few many boxes actually.
We are moving! To Birmingham, Alabama…!
No, Bill did not take a job there. I did.
I am completely stocked and thrilled to announce that I am the new Senior Photographer for Oxmoor House, cookbook publisher of titles such as Southern Living, Cooking Light, Health, Sunset.
Now can I do this? : !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Never mind…I just did!!!!! (and more)
If you know me well, you know that I am right now smiling wide but quietly while inside, I am jumping up and down like a crazy woman. I get to photograph all sorts of cookbooks throughout the week. Different titles, styles, authors, recipes. A dream.
Oxmoor House emailed and asked me if I would consider coming down for a test shoot for the position. I flew to Birmingham, test shot for two days with super nice, creative and dedicated art director, food stylists, prop stylists, photographers, etc…. My excitement and desire to be part of the team grew stronger. But I knew I had to put this in the back of my head. There was Ireland coming up, then Seattle, a couple of cookbooks and editorials to be photographed. More workshops.
Then finally last week, I heard the news that I had gotten the job. I called my parents and told them the news. My mom asked "is that good?". I laughed so hard. Nerves. "Yes, mom. It's really good." For the first time, it hit me. The reality of the future ahead.
So yes, we are relocating. We are both super excited, not only about the job but about the possibilities ahead. New places to see, new friends to be made. New favorite hang outs to find.
It's all good…
I hope you are smiling along with us. I will continue to blog, but bear with me as I make the transition to another rhythm and city. It might take me a few days to get my bearings when it happens next months.
A huge "Thank You" to Matt, Clare, Tami, Anita and Laura. You guys know why and how much you mean to me. Love you bundles.


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table of contents
ROUTE(4) | Device Drivers Manual | ROUTE(4) |
— kernel
packet forwarding database
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/route.h>
int family);
FreeBSD provides some packet routing facilities. The kernel maintains a routing information database, which is used in selecting the appropriate network interface when transmitting packets.
A user process (or possibly multiple co-operating processes) maintains this database by sending messages over a special kind of socket. This supplants fixed size ioctl(2)'s used in earlier releases. Routing table changes may only be carried out by the super user.
The operating system may spontaneously emit routing messages in response to external events, such as receipt of a re-direct, or failure to locate a suitable route for a request. The message types are described in greater detail below.
Routing database entries come in two flavors: for a specific host, or for all hosts on a generic subnetwork (as specified by a bit mask and value under the mask. The effect of wildcard or default route may be achieved by using a mask of all zeros, and there may be hierarchical routes.
When the system is booted and addresses are assigned to the network interfaces, each protocol family installs a routing table entry for each interface when it is ready for traffic. Normally the protocol specifies the route through each interface as a "direct" connection to the destination host or network. If the route is direct, the transport layer of a protocol family usually requests the packet be sent to the same host specified in the packet. Otherwise, the interface is requested to address the packet to the gateway listed in the routing entry (i.e., the packet is forwarded).
When routing a packet, the kernel will attempt to find the most specific route matching the destination. (If there are two different mask and value-under-the-mask pairs that match, the more specific is the one with more bits in the mask. A route to a host is regarded as being supplied with a mask of as many ones as there are bits in the destination). If no entry is found, the destination is declared to be unreachable, and a routing-miss message is generated if there are any listeners on the routing control socket described below.
A wildcard routing entry is specified with a zero destination address value, and a mask of all zeroes. Wildcard routes will be used when the system fails to find other routes matching the destination. The combination of wildcard routes and routing redirects can provide an economical mechanism for routing traffic.
One opens the channel for passing routing control messages by using the socket call shown in the synopsis above:
The family parameter may be
which will provide routing information for
all address families, or can be restricted to a specific address family by
specifying which one is desired. There can be more than one routing socket
open per system.
Messages are formed by a header followed by a small number of sockaddrs (now variable length particularly in the ISO case), interpreted by position, and delimited by the new length entry in the sockaddr. An example of a message with four addresses might be an ISO redirect: Destination, Netmask, Gateway, and Author of the redirect. The interpretation of which address are present is given by a bit mask within the header, and the sequence is least significant to most significant bit within the vector.
Any messages sent to the kernel are returned, and copies are sent to all interested listeners. The kernel will provide the process ID for the sender, and the sender may use an additional sequence field to distinguish between outstanding messages. However, message replies may be lost when kernel buffers are exhausted.
The kernel may reject certain messages, and will
indicate this by filling in the rtm_errno field. The
routing code returns EEXIST
if requested to
duplicate an existing entry, ESRCH
if requested to
delete a non-existent entry, or ENOBUFS
insufficient resources were available to install a new route. In the current
implementation, all routing processes run locally, and the values for
rtm_errno are available through the normal
errno mechanism,
even if the routing reply message is lost.
A process may avoid the expense of reading replies to its own
messages by issuing a setsockopt(2) call indicating that
the SO_USELOOPBACK
option at the
level is to be turned off. A process may
ignore all messages from the routing socket by doing a
shutdown(2) system call for further input.
If a route is in use when it is deleted, the routing entry will be
marked down and removed from the routing table, but the resources associated
with it will not be reclaimed until all references to it are released. User
processes can obtain information about the routing entry to a specific
destination by using a RTM_GET
message, or by
calling sysctl(3).
Messages include:
#define RTM_ADD 0x1 /* Add Route */ #define RTM_DELETE 0x2 /* Delete Route */ #define RTM_CHANGE 0x3 /* Change Metrics, Flags, or Gateway */ #define RTM_GET 0x4 /* Report Information */ #define RTM_LOSING 0x5 /* Kernel Suspects Partitioning */ #define RTM_REDIRECT 0x6 /* Told to use different route */ #define RTM_MISS 0x7 /* Lookup failed on this address */ #define RTM_LOCK 0x8 /* fix specified metrics */ #define RTM_RESOLVE 0xb /* request to resolve dst to LL addr - unused */ #define RTM_NEWADDR 0xc /* address being added to iface */ #define RTM_DELADDR 0xd /* address being removed from iface */ #define RTM_IFINFO 0xe /* iface going up/down etc. */ #define RTM_NEWMADDR 0xf /* mcast group membership being added to if */ #define RTM_DELMADDR 0x10 /* mcast group membership being deleted */ #define RTM_IFANNOUNCE 0x11 /* iface arrival/departure */ #define RTM_IEEE80211 0x12 /* IEEE80211 wireless event */
A message header consists of one of the following:
struct rt_msghdr { u_short rtm_msglen; /* to skip over non-understood messages */ u_char rtm_version; /* future binary compatibility */ u_char rtm_type; /* message type */ u_short rtm_index; /* index for associated ifp */ int rtm_flags; /* flags, incl. kern & message, e.g. DONE */ int rtm_addrs; /* bitmask identifying sockaddrs in msg */ pid_t rtm_pid; /* identify sender */ int rtm_seq; /* for sender to identify action */ int rtm_errno; /* why failed */ int rtm_fmask; /* bitmask used in RTM_CHANGE message */ u_long rtm_inits; /* which metrics we are initializing */ struct rt_metrics rtm_rmx; /* metrics themselves */ }; struct if_msghdr { u_short ifm_msglen; /* to skip over non-understood messages */ u_char ifm_version; /* future binary compatibility */ u_char ifm_type; /* message type */ int ifm_addrs; /* like rtm_addrs */ int ifm_flags; /* value of if_flags */ u_short ifm_index; /* index for associated ifp */ struct if_data ifm_data; /* statistics and other data about if */ }; struct ifa_msghdr { u_short ifam_msglen; /* to skip over non-understood messages */ u_char ifam_version; /* future binary compatibility */ u_char ifam_type; /* message type */ int ifam_addrs; /* like rtm_addrs */ int ifam_flags; /* value of ifa_flags */ u_short ifam_index; /* index for associated ifp */ int ifam_metric; /* value of ifa_metric */ }; struct ifma_msghdr { u_short ifmam_msglen; /* to skip over non-understood messages */ u_char ifmam_version; /* future binary compatibility */ u_char ifmam_type; /* message type */ int ifmam_addrs; /* like rtm_addrs */ int ifmam_flags; /* value of ifa_flags */ u_short ifmam_index; /* index for associated ifp */ }; struct if_announcemsghdr { u_short ifan_msglen; /* to skip over non-understood messages */ u_char ifan_version; /* future binary compatibility */ u_char ifan_type; /* message type */ u_short ifan_index; /* index for associated ifp */ char ifan_name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* if name, e.g. "en0" */ u_short ifan_what; /* what type of announcement */ };
The RTM_IFINFO
message uses a
if_msghdr header, the
and RTM_DELADDR
messages use a ifa_msghdr header, the
messages use a
ifma_msghdr header, the
message uses a
if_announcemsghdr header, and all other messages use
the rt_msghdr header.
The "struct rt_metrics
" and
the flag bits are as defined in rtentry(9).
Specifiers for metric values in rmx_locks and rtm_inits are:
#define RTV_MTU 0x1 /* init or lock _mtu */ #define RTV_HOPCOUNT 0x2 /* init or lock _hopcount */ #define RTV_EXPIRE 0x4 /* init or lock _expire */ #define RTV_RPIPE 0x8 /* init or lock _recvpipe */ #define RTV_SPIPE 0x10 /* init or lock _sendpipe */ #define RTV_SSTHRESH 0x20 /* init or lock _ssthresh */ #define RTV_RTT 0x40 /* init or lock _rtt */ #define RTV_RTTVAR 0x80 /* init or lock _rttvar */ #define RTV_WEIGHT 0x100 /* init or lock _weight */
Specifiers for which addresses are present in the messages are:
#define RTA_DST 0x1 /* destination sockaddr present */ #define RTA_GATEWAY 0x2 /* gateway sockaddr present */ #define RTA_NETMASK 0x4 /* netmask sockaddr present */ #define RTA_GENMASK 0x8 /* cloning mask sockaddr present - unused */ #define RTA_IFP 0x10 /* interface name sockaddr present */ #define RTA_IFA 0x20 /* interface addr sockaddr present */ #define RTA_AUTHOR 0x40 /* sockaddr for author of redirect */ #define RTA_BRD 0x80 /* for NEWADDR, broadcast or p-p dest addr */
sysctl(3), route(8), rtentry(9)
The constants for the rtm_flags field are documented in the manual page for the route(8) utility.
protocol family first appeared
in 4.3BSD-Reno.
November 4, 2004 | Debian |


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Now being a potato lover,I was all
The recipe is quite simple and straight forward.Half boil the potatoes and roast with spices/masala.It cannot get any easier than that.Whether or not you are trying to impress someone,this makes a great addition to your food plate,that I can guarantee!!
Urulai / Potato Roast
Recipe adapted from here and here
Baby Potatoes - 1/4 kg
Onion - 1 medium
Tomato - 1 medium
Mustard seeds - 1/4 tsp
Urad dal - 1/4 tsp
Curry leaves - 1 sprig
Red chilly powder - 1 tsp
Coriander/Dhaniya powder - 1 tsp
Turmeric/Haldi powder - 1/2 tsp
Oil - 1 tbsp
Salt to taste
Cook the potatoes in the pressure cooker for about 10 minutes or 3-4 whistles.
Let it cool,peel them and keep refrigerated to firm up.
Make a paste of onion and tomatoes,keep aside.
In a non-stick kadai add oil and splutter mustard seeds and urad dal.When the urad dal starts browning,add curry leaves and the onion-tomato paste.
Keep stirring for 3-5 minutes and then add the powders-chilly,coriander and haldi.
Stir for about 2-3 minutes or till the raw smell of the masala subsides.
Tip in the potatoes,add salt to taste and mix well so that the masala coats the potatoes.
Keep on simmer for about 15-20 minutes and stir once in a while taking care not to mash/break the potatoes.
Switch off the flame when the potatoes are evenly roasted and coated with the masala.
Serve with rice or chapathi.
- You could substitute baby potatoes with normal ones.Just cut them into big chunks and proceed with the recipe.
- It is preferable to use a non-stick kadai as it requires less stirring and doesn't get stuck to the bottom.More stirring would cause the potatoes to mash/break.It would not affect the taste in any way though.
- The spice powders can be substituted with Sambhar powder for a different and more pronounced flavor.


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Incompatible platform, by tracktwentynine |
A Possible California HSR Platform Standard
Amtrak will procure high-speed trains that conform to its long-established platform interface standard for the Northeast Corridor (NEC), where the platform edges are located 48 inches above the top of the rail and offset laterally by 67 inches from the center line of the track. While this "high platform" standard dates to the 1930s, it happens to be approximately consistent with the floor heights of the majority of the latest products from big names in high-speed train manufacturing such as Alstom, Bombardier, Hitachi, Hyundai, Kawasaki, Siemens, etc. For all the mockery that a joint procurement with Amtrak has triggered, it turns out that Amtrak's NEC high-platform standard is, at least dimensionally speaking, quite reasonable for California's high-speed rail system.
If Amtrak and CHSRA do end up pursuing a common fleet procurement, then the California HSR platform standard will be 48 inches above the rail and 67 inches from the track center line. Even if not, the HSR platform standard is still likely to end up around 48 inches above the rail.
The Need For A Common Platform Standard
So far, Caltrain and CHSRA have demonstrated no sign of coordination--let alone any desire for it--around a common platform interface standard. All plans so far show stations that are 100% segregated with separate-but-equal tracks and platforms for Caltrain and HSR. This leads either to elephantine station designs or, when space is at a premium, to severe under-utilization of precious infrastructure and extreme engineering solutions. In all cases, taxpayers are fleeced and passengers are impeded.
On the other hand, the blended plan envisioned for the peninsula recognizes that shared infrastructure is a worthy goal, to minimize cost and impacts on communities, and to extract the maximum utility from a given investment in new infrastructure. Taxpayers are spared and passengers better served.
As has often been argued here, Caltrain and HSR should use the same platform interface standard to enable mixed operations even within stations, such as is routinely practiced in European high-speed rail systems. This would further cut costs and community impacts, increase infrastructure utilization, and maximize operational flexibility--the resilience of the system to disturbances caused by the inevitable failures that happen now and then. If such an operating concept had a slogan, it would be "any train, any track, any platform".
A Clear and Present Opportunity
Caltrain has an immediate and pressing need to replace its aging fleet, as part of the electrification project. The majority of the existing fleet dates from 1985 and is nearing the end of its useful life, with breakdowns causing increasingly frequent service disruptions at a time of record demand. This will only get worse, and Caltrain will have to define a specification for the new trains, including platform interface dimensions, within the next year or two. While the electrification project will be completed a decade or more before HSR arrives on the peninsula, the new electric trains will be good for at least three decades of service, to about the year 2050. There is a small window of opportunity to make smart decisions about Caltrain's platform interface in the next year or two that will have far reaching consequences for several decades into the future. It all comes down to this:
Caltrain should begin a system-wide conversion to high-platform level boarding, starting now.
Objections Abound
Converting to high platforms is a major change. All major changes bring about the fear of change itself, and unlock myriad reasons why something can't or shouldn't be done. To play devil's advocate, such objections might include the following:
- The high-platform standard is wrong for Caltrain; instead, HSR should use low platforms shared with Caltrain. While this argument has technical merit, it is highly unlikely that a small agency like Caltrain would be able to sway a larger agency like the CHSRA away from the high-floor train architecture that is prevalent in worldwide HSR systems and already built into numerous ADA and FRA regulations and CHSRA documents. Politics trumps engineering on this one, and it's better for Caltrain to follow HSR to a high-platform standard than to pursue a more technically pure approach (low-platform bi-level EMUs) at the cost of platform incompatibility.
- Bi-level EMUs are hard to design for high platforms. This also has technical merit, in that few commuter rail examples exist other than in Sydney and Paris. None of the common European-style bi-level commuter EMU products on offer from Alstom, Bombardier, Siemens, or Stadler (and often seen in Caltrain electrification brochures) are compatible with high platforms. A high-platform, bi-level, ADA-accessible EMU could be a challenge to engineer and would break from an "off-the-shelf" procurement philosophy--although some innovative solutions do exist that could meet this constraint. In the end, if Caltrain asked for a solution, rail vehicle vendors would probably offer it.
- Caltrain's Bombardier diesel bullet fleet is young, should be kept around, and can't work with high platforms.
By the time the new EMUs arrive, nine locomotives and 25 Baby Bullet
train cars will have reached only about half of their useful life, still
quite young in railroad terms. Caltrain has plans to retain these
diesel sets for express service, to reduce the required
quantity and cost of the initial EMU fleet procurement. While this sort
of thrift can be expected from an agency that is continually starved of funds, the old trains have an entry floor height of 25 inches
and cannot use platforms higher than that. However, because these
trains are of a standard design, they can fetch excellent prices on the
second-hand market. Sell them!
- A transition to high platforms is nearly impossible to pull off without interrupting service. This objection assumes not only that the old fleet would be incompatible with the new platforms, but also that the new EMU fleet would be incompatible with the old platforms. If that were the case, an extended service shutdown could be required to rebuild all the existing platforms to the new standard. It doesn't need to go this way: the new EMU rolling stock can enable the transition, by providing both high and low doors during the transition period. After all the platforms are converted, the low doors would be removed and replaced with seating. Again, if Caltrain asked for a solution, rail vehicle vendors would probably offer it.
- It is much more difficult to implement level boarding at 48 inches than at 24 inches. Level boarding is not something that Caltrain can avoid forever. The operational advantages (brief and predictable station dwell times, not to mention better accessibility for all) are just too great to ignore in a blended scenario. Inescapably, every last Caltrain platform will have to be rebuilt--including dozens of new platforms built just 8 inches above the rail in recent years. Regardless of the final platform interface selection, level boarding is going to be a big construction project; whether the platform height is raised by 16 inches or by 40 inches is going to be a rounding error in the final construction budget.
- Level boarding is a huge change, on the same order as electrification; let's only do one big thing at a time. No debate there: level boarding is a big investment. At $5 million per platform and about 70 platforms, the tab comes easily to a third of a billion dollars. That's not an easy sum to scrape together; however, procuring EMU trains that can serve both high and low platforms during a multi-year transition period could spread or delay this cost. In the medium to long term, level boarding is not optional. The cost effectiveness (in minutes of travel time saved per dollar invested) is at least on a par with electrification, and the performance improvement is necessary for blending seamlessly with HSR.
- Even if Caltrain converts to high platforms, HSR will be kept on separate platforms for security reasons, so why even bother with all this compatible platform trouble? While all station facilities in the California HSR system are being planned with airport-like security, adopting a common platform standard at least allows a rational discussion of platform sharing as practiced in Europe. The terror fears are real, but entirely misplaced. The worldwide history of train terror has demonstrated two basic facts: trains are not as vulnerable as airplanes, and commuter trains are equally vulnerable as high-speed trains (Madrid 2004). Security theater should not take priority over efficient operations.
- Caltrain must be compatible with freight, and freight trains can't go past high platforms. This can be immediately dismissed as an ignorant, California-centric argument. Leaving aside for the moment the many good reasons for banishing freight trains from the peninsula rail corridor, the only obstacle to high platforms--and level boarding of any sort regardless of platform height--is regulatory, not technical. On the East Coast, freight trains can and do operate on tracks with platforms 48 inches high and 67 inches from the track center line; here is proof on YouTube.
What Caltrain Should Do Now
- Make it policy to include blended station platforms as part of the blended system
- Establish an agreement with CHSRA on a common platform interface specification
- Ask EMU vendors to propose technical solutions for high-platform EMUs and solving the platform transition issue. This can be in the form of a request for information (RFI), before the electrification EIR or any procurement activity is underway.
- Stop clinging so desperately to a remnant fleet of diesels after electrification is built. Saving a few tens of millions of dollars up front is not worth the resulting decades of operational inefficiency.


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DIMENSIONS: 420.0mm x 145.0mm (front panel)
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Key travel: 0.45mm
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X/Y position sensing resolution: 40 counts/mm
X/Y position reporting: Relative
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Tracking speed: Maximum 1,016 m/sec
Power supply voltage: 5 VDC ± 0.25V
Current rating (active mode): 17 mA
G.W.: 1.60KGs
Dimensions: 420.0mm x 145.0mm (front panel) , 400.0mm x 123.0mm (back panel)
Supply Voltage: +5V DC +/-5%
Current Rating: 30mA
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Operating RH: 30-90%
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Damp heat test at + 40oC: 21 days, IEC 60512-6
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Key Lifespan >5 million actuations
MTTR <30min
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