text:
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
Are there other tips or tricks in using such wet dough (e.g., knead longer)?
That is a *really* thick crust! About 2x-3x as thick as I'd consider a Chicago DD, for my own liking. Looks really tasty, though!That being said, what was working with a dough at 73% hydration? My pies--Chicago thin or DD--run generally between 45-55%, and I've never had good luck with 67% or higher without using a TON of bench flour, etc.
Really, given the high hydration and zero added fat, I'd imagine this pie is unlike any commercially available DD pizza in Chicago. It sounds like lean bread topped with cheese and sauce. How long did you knead it for? Did it have quite a bit of chew? The best recipes for DD I've tried from this board run in the 25% fat range (blend of oils, butter, what-have-you). If you want to try the best this board has to offer, I'd suggest BTB's recipe (here) and VCB's recipe (here)[PDF].
Does yours have a solid layer of sausage in it? I usually use a full three links and take the sausage out of the casing and make a big "patty" to go on top of the mozzarella, then top that with the sauce and then grate some parm. If it doesn't have the sausage patty it ain't deep dish from everything I've read! LOL.
I don't get too caught up in the "authentic" talk, because if authentic isn't to my liking, then it's of no use. My taste buds, my rules.
Everyone, this thread is about my attempts to make Chicago Deep Dish Pizza using recipes by forum member "Gregg", and America's Test Kitchen (ATK). ---pete---
Pete, you did do very well for your first deep dish pizza, and if you were happy with the results, it's all that matters. Remember that all things, no matter how good, have room for improvement. I don't get too caught up in the "authentic" talk, because if authentic isn't to my liking, then it's of no use. My taste buds, my rules.


text:
Stewart feeling good, confident headed into Detroit race
DAYTONA BEACH, FL (March 10, 2014) – Yoshimura Suzuki Factory Racing's James Stewart is unsurpassed when it comes to rising to the occasion. Case in point: at round 10 of the 2014 AMA/FIM Supercross Championships at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, FL, a relentless Stewart turned in an amazing ride after his bike was damaged at the start. Stewart made the most of his Yoshimura Suzuki RM-Z450, earning enough points to hold steady at fourth in the overall championship points.
Florida native Stewart was eager to race the challenging, motocross-style track at Daytona, and enjoyed two good practice sessions and a solid heat race where he finished second. In the main event, however, Stewart got off the line in a tight group of riders when one went down. In the melee, Stewart's bike sustained damage and he pulled into the pits. After a quick fix, he returned to the race and turned flawless laps on his Yoshimura Suzuki RM-Z450 to finish 18th.
"Daytona was not good, as far as results go," said Stewart. "I came around the first corner and a rider was down. I swerved out of the way but his handlebar caught my header pipe. I didn't know what the problem was so I rode about a lap. I thought my bike was blowing up so I pulled into the pits and my Yoshimura Suzuki guys saw the header pipe was smashed in. They fixed it and I got back on and I rode really, really good. Fitness-wise, I felt unbelievable. This might be the best ride I've had all year but I finished 18th. There was just nothing I could do, these things happen. But overall I feel good and I feel confident. All we can do at this point is win some races and make some things happen. Now I'm looking forward to Detroit and getting back to winning."
Yoshimura Suzuki Factory Racing's next event is the 11th round of the 2014 AMA/FIM Supercross Championships on Saturday, March 15th, at Ford Field in Detroit, MI.
Daytona 450 Supercross Results:
1. Ryan Villopoto
2. Ken Roczen
3. Ryan Dungey
4. Broc Tickle
5. Andrew Short
6. Will Hahn
7. Dean Wilson
8. Matthew Goerke
9. Justin Brayton
10. Josh Grant
2014 450 Supercross Standings:
1. Ryan Villopoto – 209
2. Ryan Dungey – 181
3. Ken Roczen – 180
4. James Stewart – 157
5. Justin Brayton – 155
6. Andrew Short – 125
7. Justin Barcia – 118
8. Chad Reed – 111
9. Broc Tickle – 111
10. Will Hahn – 108

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Fri, Nov 1, 2013 at 4:01 PM
#InstaNicki (Nov 1).
Nicki Minaj sure knows how to SLAY you DOWNE to the depths of your soul, yas! Just when you thought your costume was IT.. she logged in for the last two hours of Oct. 31, snatched your lacefront and threw away the glue.
Her Minajesty took to her Instagram for halloween and shared a series of sexy selfies where she showed off her killer curves in fishnet tights, pasties and a leather thong. "Officer Minaj," the 30-year-old musician captioned in one shot. "Who wants to get cuffed?"
So, do we all agree that Nicki Minaj won Halloween?
Check out the photos of her night below! Click to enlarge.
Fri, Nov 1, 2013 at 3:07 PM
Nicki Minaj's Barbz Wig Out On Halloween: See Her Favorites!
Secure that she killed the Halloween game with her sexy "50 Shades of Grey"-inspired barely-there S&M outfit, Nicki Minaj spent most of Friday morning (November 1) re-posting her favorite pics of Barbz and Kenz dressed in their best Nicki costume.
From babies to teens and grown women, Nicki's favorites are a hilariously eclectic bunch, though one thing they all had in common was amazing hair and appropriately candy-colored outfits.
Click to see photos of Nicki's favorites after the jump.
Fri, Nov 1, 2013 at 8:41 AM
Nicki Minaj's "Pink Cupcake" Scented Candle Available at Kmart.
A sweet treat for the senses, this Pink Cupcake candle from Nicki Minaj features aromas of vanilla, buttercream frosting and sugar crystals. Housed in a sleek logo glass, this pretty pink candle offers a touch of designer luxury that's sure to complement your decor.
Check it out (HERE) at Kmart.
Thu, Oct 31, 2013 at 4:20 PM
Holly Robinson Peete dressed as Nicki Minaj for Halloween.
Holly Robinson Peete dressed for the special Halloween episode of The Wendy Williams Show, channeling Nicki Minaj. "She's like a hip hop Jessica Rabbit...How does she sit on this booty though?" she says on the talk show. Check out the full outfit in the photo below.
Did she slay the look barbz?
Click to enlarge.


text:
© 2007 MLB Advanced Media, L.P. All rights reserved.
Johnson out for up to three months
Athletics first baseman sidelined by torn cartilage in left hip
By Tom Singer / MLB.com
Already dealing with the absence of center fielder Mark Kotsay for the opening phase of the regular season, the A's got more bad news on the injury front with Thursday's revelation that first baseman Dan Johnson may miss as much as three months with a hip injury. Three days after suffering what was initially diagnosed as a hip flexor injury, further tests revealed Johnson suffered torn cartilage in his left hip in a Cactus League collision with Colorado's Yorvit Torrealba. The club gave no official word on how long the 27-year-old is expected to be out. His absence will depend on the severity of the tear and appropriate treatment. "It depends on the treatment and what they plan to do," Oakland manager Bob Geren told The Associated Press. "He's being evaluated further. We'll have a timetable after he's evaluated." The injury to Johnson, who was batting .294 with two homers and six RBIs in exhibition play, could signal the return of Erubiel Durazo to the Majors. Durazo hit 47 home runs during his own injury-plagued 2003-05 stint with the A's, and did not appear in the big leagues last season. The 32-year-old left-handed power hitter is batting .283 with two home runs and 14 RBIs this spring. "I don't like to see anybody get hurt," Geren said. "But the team will have to go on, and Dan, when he's healthy, will go right back." Johnson was injured in a collision with Torrealba at the first-base bag during Monday's Cactus League game. He departed immediately afterward.
Tom Singer is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


text:
Karmin Takes Over Yahoo Music's Instagram!
On February 6, Karmin had a truly colorful day leading up to their debut performance of "I Want It All" on "LIVE With Kelly and Michael." The pop duo shared exclusive social snaps to Yahoo! Music's official Instagram (@yahoomusic) during their travels. Check out their Yahoo! Music Instagram takeover here!


text:
Will Yeguete Articles
Four years ago, Florida Gators head coach Billy Donovan felt like he was starting over. Four years later, he has lost his big guys again. But the transition to a new year should be smoother. "In 2007, we lost three lottery picks and our entire...
Athlon Sports
6 years ago


text:
Jennings story in Espn Mag
[Only registered and activated users can see links. ]
10 Games to Watch
1. USC vs. Memphis, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Nov. 21, Puerto Rico Tip-off Classic: This is a possible second-round matchup in this event, assuming USC beats Seton Hall and Memphis takes care of Chattanooga. It could be one of the best nonconference games of the season. It will also pit two of the top freshmen in the game in USC's [Only registered and activated users can see links. ] and Memphis' [Only registered and activated users can see links. ].
2. UCLA vs. Duke, Madison Square Garden, Nov. 21, Coaches vs. Cancer (ESPN2, 7 ET): This is also a wait-and-see, title-game matchup as both the Bruins and Blue Devils have to get through their weak pods to New York and then beat either Southern Illinois/UMass for Duke and Michigan/Northeastern for UCLA. If all that happens, two of the most storied programs in the country would meet in MSG.
[+] [Only registered and activated users can see links. ]
Ronald Martinez/Getty Images
A.J. Abrams and Texas will have a busy nonconference slate, with games against Michigan State and UCLA.
3. Old Spice Classic semifinals and finals, Orlando, Nov. 28 and Nov. 30: A lineup consisting of Michigan State, Gonzaga, Georgetown, Tennessee, Oklahoma State, Maryland, Siena and Wichita State (the only team in this field that won't get a sniff of the postseason) should provide big-time games on the nights of the semifinals and finals. At least four of these teams could meet in late March.
4. North Carolina vs. Michigan State, Detroit, Ford Field, Dec. 3, ACC/Big Ten Challenge (ESPN, 9:15 ET): The Tar Heels could be coming off playing Notre Dame or Texas in the Maui Invitational final after a game at home against UNC-Asheville the previous Saturday. The Spartans will be waiting for this matchup and this could end up being one of the few losses for UNC this season.
5. UCLA at Texas, Dec. 4, Pac-10/Big 12 Challenge (ESPN2, 9 ET): The Longhorns have plenty of tests in their nonconference schedule. These two teams could easily meet in April.
6. USC at Oklahoma, Dec. 4, Pac-10/Big 12 Challenge (ESPN2, 7 ET): The two leagues made the right call this season in simply returning last season's games. These are the top two teams in their respective leagues, and it's shaping up to be quite a night for each conference.
7. Marquette vs. Tennessee, Nashville, Dec. 16, SEC/Big East Challenge (ESPN, 9:30 ET): The Golden Eagles are a sleeper team to compete for a top four-finish in the Big East. Tennessee is the favorite in the SEC. There are star players all around in this game.
8. Davidson vs. Purdue, Indianapolis, Dec. 20, Wooden Tradition: Two of the game's best talents -- Davidson's [Only registered and activated users can see links. ] and Purdue's [Only registered and activated users can see links. ] -- will be on display. This will be a true test for the Wildcats to see if they are a contender or pretender nationally early in the season.
9. Michigan State vs. Texas, Houston, Dec. 20: Yet another top-10 matchup for both squads as they prepare for their respective conference seasons.
10. Gonzaga vs. Connecticut, Seattle, Dec. 20: The Huskies lost to the Bulldogs a year ago in Boston and now the neutral-court series goes West. Both are top-10 and Final Four legit
10 Hidden Gems Players that will make splashes and help their draft stocks if they decide to enter
1. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], So., Wake Forest: Teague has serious hops. He can get to the rack to finish with authority. He's a deft ballhandler and he will be one of the main reasons -- along with a heralded freshman class -- the Demon Deacons make the NCAA tournament.
2. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Fr., Miami: The Hurricanes are raving about the impact Jones will have for them this season. While Jones comes in with a name, it still doesn't resonate nationally. It should soon, as he teams up with [Only registered and activated users can see links. ] to form a productive tandem.
3. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., West Virginia: Mazzulla had a breakout game against Duke in the second round of the NCAA tournament last season. Bob Huggins will count on him more often this season and Mazzulla should deliver to keep the Mountaineers relevant.
4. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., Cincinnati: Vaughn gets pub within the Big East, but I challenge plenty of folks to name him nationally. Vaughn was a big-time scorer last season for the Bearcats, keeping them in the NCAA conversation for a while. If they make the tournament this season, he'll be the reason.
[+] [Only registered and activated users can see links. ]
Brett Hansbauer/US Presswire
Deonta Vaughn packs a mean scoring punch for Cincinnati in the Big East.
5. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., Wisconsin: Hughes, who was second on the team in scoring last season, is ready to assume a leadership position for UW after the departure of Michael Flowers. The Badgers have had tremendous success with veteran perimeter players under Bo Ryan, and Hughes is next in line.
6. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., Texas: James is ready for a breakout season and should become the next stud to wear Longhorn gear. James has All-American potential with his ability to score from all over the court.
7. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., Washington: The Huskies could be a sleeper team in the Pac-10, and if they are it will be because Pondexter has a monster season. The Huskies will be led by [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], but he needs a versatile player on the wing to complement him and Pondexter has the ability to deliver.
8. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Sr., Washington State: Rochestie was the heart of the Cougars on many an occasion last season. While Kyle Weaver, Derrick Low and Robbie Cowgill got much of the attention, Rochestie delivered in many ways that weren't reflected in the box score. He has the chance to produce significant numbers.
9. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], Jr., Mississippi State: The Bulldogs always seem to hang around for a potential NCAA berth. If that occurs again this season, Varnado will be the reason. He's a shot-blocker who is developing his offensive game to be a productive player at both ends.
10. [Only registered and activated users can see links. ], So., Ole Miss: The Rebels had one of the surprise freshmen a year ago in Warren, and he's now expected to be a go-to player for a possible postseason team. He could end up being the top point guard in the SEC by season's end.
Blake Griffin is off to a hot start scoring by the bunches and rebounding by the handfuls in his first game Vs Davidson(Curry was unstoppable)he had 25 points and 21 rebounds and when he faced Gardner-Web he had an eye popping 35points and 25 rebounds...he looks like he'll be putting up these kind of numbers all season long he would be formidable for the Knicks seeing how we need size and rebounding and post presence and he provides all 3
23ppg 19.3 rbs .774 fg %
Curry averaging 34 ppgs and 8.8 asts .429 3-point fg and and eyepopping 4.5 steals,if he continues to play like this he could make a run for college player of the year and make his way into the top-10 overall.
Thabeet-one player very high on our draft borad from the early goings he is have a very nice year blocking shots left and right running the floor nicely and has showed improvment on his post offensive game...
13.7 points 10.7 rebounds 4 blks...been amazing so far and will likely be out first round pick.
Jrue is making his progression slowly but he'scoming around he started slow but is getting better by the game 9.3pts .536 fg% and 2.3 rbs and 1.8 asts
with time his numbers will improve and could sneak up draft boards and make a splash like Westbrook last year
DeMar Derozan like Holiday is making a slow transaction but has showed why he's had hype around him and will definetly get better reletively soon he's had monster dunks and is averaging 9.3points 4.5reb and .438fg %
Tyreke Evans off to a hot start his shot is falling and his passing is better then what i first thought and could get a few rebounds
15.3pnts 5.8 re 4.3 asts and.430 fg %
James Harden-what could i say about this guy he's the ultimate team guy he does everything his coaches aask of him and he shows up when his team needs him and he knocks down big-shots after big-shots...ohh and he hustles for loose balls(no homo) and never gives up whether his team is down by 15 0r 2. And he could D up on the best scorers and shoots at amazing percentages...he's been high on the knicks draft board last year and he'll be high on there again this year
21 points 4 rbs 6.5 asts .591 fg %
Wayne Ellington- he's a great option for us to draft in the second round or late first round he scores and has a good jumpshot he's consistent with it and is a good passer will be a great complimentary player especially if we pick Thabeet
15.3pnts 3.7 reb 2.7 asts .410 fg %
Gerald Henderson-same as Ellington he's less of a scorer and his shot isn't as good as Ellington's but he could drive better then Ellington and could pass was well (although his stats dont show it)-same as Ellington take him with Thabeet and were good 11.8 pnts 3.8 reb 1 asts .475 fg %
A.J Abrams-this guy is a sick scorer he could do it all on the offensive end he will be a Nash type of player with more defense and less passing tought he'll be going in the late first early second round i say we should draft him and take Thabeet or Griffin with our first...thats who i want with our second pick
18 pnts 2 ast 2.5 reb .471 fg %
Brandon Jennings-his adjustment to the proffesional basketball game has been up and down but he's got the hang on the competition and the result is his game has improved alot after a slow start he's picked it up and is now showing his talent and should be high on our draft board

League	Team	G	MIN	PTS	2FGP	3FGP	FT	RO	RD	RT	AS	PF	BS	ST

Euroleague (Men)	Lottomatica Virtus Roma	4	73	42	7-16	5-12	13-14	1	8	9	6	6	0	3

AVERAGE

Euroleague (Men)	Lottomatica Virtus Roma	4	18.3	10.5	43.8%	41.7%	92.9%	0.3	2.0	2.3	1.5	1.5	0.0	0.8

Ricky Rubio- he's still injured but should make his return to the court within the next couple of weeks.


text:
Bishop Maxim & Professor Yannaras in Eugene
- Category: Diocesan News
- Created on Sunday, 11 November 2012 20:20
His Grace Bishop Maxim visited the parish of St. John the Wonderworker Serbian Orthodox Church in Eugene, Oregon on Sunday, November 11th, bringing Professor Christos Yannaras with him during his archpastoral visit. This was Professor Yannaras's first visit to Eugene, Oregon, and the faithful were treated to a contemplative talk and insightful question and answer session following the Hierarchical Liturgy and banquet.
The morning began with the faithful of the community from St. John's, as well as those of its sister churches St. Stephen Serbian Orthodox Church (Milwaukie, Oregon) and St. Martin the MercifulRussian Orthodox Church (Corvallis, Oregon) gathering at the gate to welcome the bishop. With bells, singing, and loving joy the bishop was greeted on his return to Eugene.


text:
Yorkshire Wildlife Park is getting ready to welcome its latest and coolest creature yet.
Polar bear Victor is set to become the first resident in the Doncaster-based wildlife park's purpose-built polar bear centre.
The 15-year-old polar bear is due to arrive at the park from his home at Rhenen Zoo in Holland next month, - and will be the only one in England.
Director John Minion said: "We will be delighted to welcome Victor to the park and be able to make a contribution to polar bear conservation. Polar bears are an iconic species that are increasingly threatened in their native habitat.
"We need to fight their cause.
"Their native sea ice is disappearing due to climate change but we still have a chance to do something about it.
"It is also vital that we understand how to care for these bears appropriately in captivity and provide for their needs."
He added: "We are very excited at the prospect of having our first resident in the new reserve, which has been designed around the needs of the polar bear.
"The enclosure gives the bears the space they need to enjoy natural behaviour such as swimming, roaming and foraging in a physically varied and stimulating complex environment."
The polar bear centre is one of the biggest in the world, spanning 10 acres.
It was designed in consultation with world experts so that it could become a centre for polar bear conservation.
Victor, who weighs an incredible 480 kilos, is coming to Yorkshire as he is no longer required for the breeding programme taking place at Rhenen Zoo.
When he arrives in Doncaster he will then be given time to settle in.
First he will live in the house out of the sight of the public and will spend time getting to know the rangers who will be caring for him.
Once he is used to his new surroundings, the polar bear centre, named Project Polar, will then be opened to visitors.
Victor's arrival follows the launch of the Project Polar appeal last year to bring the world's largest land carnivore to the Yorkshire Wildlife Park.
The park is also in the process of attempting to rescue another polar bear, named Yupi, who is trapped in soaring temperatures and a concrete enclosure in a Mexican zoo.


text:
BERLIN- Decatur's men's varsity tennis team beat Snow Hill
twice on back-to-back days last week to remain undefeated on the season and is
now attempting to complete its third unbeaten season in a row.
The Seahawks' got a scare on Tuesday, edging Parkside,
4-3, to remain unbeaten. Their record now stands at 10-0 with two regular
season matches left. Should the Seahawks win out, they will complete their
third unbeaten season in a row, a feat never accomplished in the 20-plus years
of the program. The Seahawks are also attempting to get to the Bayside
Conference championship for the third year in a row, which has also never been
accomplished by the tennis program.
Senior captain James Pack has led the way all season,
winning all of his matches this year. Pack also just won the USTA adult men's
singles match in Newark and has already committed to the University of Delaware
next year. Decatur's second singles player, Andrew Murrell, is also undefeated
this year. Other standouts on Decatur's unbeaten tennis team this year include
John Grimes, Dakota Marchio and Logan Rodriguez, along with doubles teams Kyle
Rodriguez-Kyle Hill, and Logan Hurt-Dylan Post.


text:
CFO Moves: Delek, Equal Energy, Rainmaker Systems
Delek US Holdings, an energy company based in Brentwood Tenn., promoted Assi Ginzburg to chief financial officer. At the same time, he was named general partner of Delek Logistics Partners, a partnership focused on energy infrastructure. He succeeds Mark Cox, who will remain with both companies as executive vice president until March 31, roles that were previously held by Mr. Ginzburg. Mr. Cox received compensation in 2011 valued at $3 million from Delek US, according to its proxy.
Equal Energy, an oil company based in Calgary, named Scott Smalling as its chief financial officer. He succeeds Dell Chapman, who will remain with the company until it completes its year-end audit and reporting requirements, according to a press release. Mr. Smalling will be based in the company's Oklahoma City office.
Rainmaker Systems, a cloud-based e-commerce company based in Campbell, Calif., hired Mallorie Burak as its chief financial officer. She succeeds Tim Burns, who only became CFO in November after serving as acting CFO since April 2011. Ms. Burak was most recently CFO of Foodlink Holdings Inc. At Rainmaker she will receive a base salary of $235,000 and be eligible for a 2013 bonus of up to 35% of her base, according to a regulatory filing. The company sets its bonus targets annually. She will also receive a stock grant of 375,000 shares. Mr. Burns received compensation in 2011 valued at $273,207, according to a proxy filing.


text:
The Boston College Eagles beat Ferris State, 4-1, in the Frozen Four finale on Saturday to earn their third national championship in five years and fifth overall.
Steven Whitney scored twice and Boston College beat Ferris State, 4-1, on Saturday night for its fifth NCAA hockey title and third in five seasons.
The Eagles (33-10-1) finished with a 19-game winning streak, outscoring their opponents 77-21 during that span. Ferris State (26-12-5) was making its first Frozen Four appearance.
Weymouth's Paul Carey broke a tie with a power-play goal midway through the first period, redirecting Brian Dumoulin's blast from left point to make it 2-1.
Johnny Gaudreau also scored for Boston College.
Garrett Thompson scored for Ferris State.
Whitney opened the scoring at 3:18 of the first period, stealing a pass and beating lunging goalie Taylor Nelson. Thompson tied it at 5:19, and Carey put the Eagles in front at 10:33.
Gaudreau weaved through the Ferris State defense to make it 3-1 with 3:02 left in the game, and Whitney added an empty-net goal with 1:03 to go.
Stonehill sweeps:The Skyhawks received two complete-game shutout performances from sophomore Lindsay McKillop and senior Samantha Krantz en route to a Northeast-10 Conference sweep over visiting Le Moyne College, 4-0 and 1-0 (eight innings).
Massasoit sweeps: In game one of a doubleheader with Holyoke Community College, Massasoit pitcher Rylee Burt tossed a no-hitter, striking out 10 in the five-inning win, 8-0.
The offense was sparked by Mari Croce (1-for-2, 3 RBI), Jessica Hines (2-for-4, 2 RBI) and Stephanie Rodrigues (2-for-2, RBI).
The Warriors won the second game, 11-3, behind the pitching of Leanne Day, who four innings, scattering three hits and surrendering three unearned runs.
Burt relieved her, working two more hitless innings.
Kaila Lane had a bases-clearing double that scored three runs, Kendra McMasters went 2-for-3 and Stephanie Rodrigues went 2-for-4 with an RBI for the Warriors (9-5).
Massasoit splits: The Warriors split a pair of games with the Holyoke CC Cougars at Louis R. Colombo Field.
In the first game. Dave Silletti picked up his third win of the season (3-1). He struck out four Cougar hitters and allowed a pair of earned runs. Kingston's Zach Smith went three for three and scored a run. Travis Stone had a pair of hits in the 3-2 victory.
In the second game, Chris Rosa led off with his sixth home run of the season, but the offense could only generate four hits, two by Brockton's George Bradshaw, in a 5-2 loss. The Warriors are now 13-8 on the season.
Wheaton sweeps: The No. 10 Lyons (20-4) took a pair from Western New England, and Easton's Ryan Grant picked up the save in game two.
Connolly, Perakslis sparkle: Bridgewater-Raynham graduate Mike Connolly (3-3) earned the win in Maine completed an impressive four-game sweep in which they outscored the University of Maryland-Baltimore County, 76-29, in Maryland.
Abington's Steve Perakslis (3-2) picked up the win in game one, allowing three earned runs in a complete-game effort.
Women's lacrosse
Bridgewater St. 15, Becker 3:Eleven different BSU players scored as the host Bears (5-6) won the New England Women's Lacrosse Alliance matchup at Swenson Field.
Scoring goals for the Bears were Melanie Appleman (3), Riley Cachlen (2), Stephanie Lannon (2), Michelle Navoni, Taylor Clancy, Shelby Farland, Sammi Salverio, Kinsley Willis, Samantha Devine, Amanda Liebetruth and Melissa Medeiros.
Adelphi 19, Stonehill 7:Adelphi scored 10 first-half goals and didn't look back in the Northeast 10 game at W.B. Mason Stadium this afternoon.
Scoring goals for the Skyhawks were Heather Sullivan (3), Kayla Green (2), Samantha Lynott and Mary Lee Mahony.
Men's tennis
Bridgewater St. 8, Rhode Islasnd College 1:The Bears improved to 6-1 in the Little East Conferencematchup at the Rosen Memorial Tennis Courts.
Winning in singles for BSU were Mike Zagame, Sean Bleau, Jesse Gotlib, Cody Farrell and Nicholas Desisto.
The Bears swept the doubles with Wesley Esthimer/Zagame, Bleau/Gotlib and Farrell/Desisto.
Stonehill 5, Le Moyne 4: The Skyhawks (12-4, 6-3 NE-10) were led by wins in singles play by Eric Ringstad, Nick Hyzak, Thomas Alaimo and Aaron Bergeron.
The doubles team of Ringstad and Hyzak was also victorious.
Staff and wire reports


text:
Blu Ray Film Reviews – The Evil Dead. The Evil Dead was one of the first films to be labelled a "video nasty" in the United Kingdom, the term video nasty came about because of heavy handed sensationalist newspaper reporting at the time and this in turn led to mass hysteria on the part of some politicians. Filmed in a real abandoned cabin in the woods, the film was shot in Tennessee after unsuccessful attempts to find a cabin in Michigan, the cabin used had to undergo extensive work as it was in poor condition.
May 172011


text:
Turner to make Marlins debut on Wednesday
By Joe Frisaro / MLB.com
Manager Ozzie Guillen confirmed on Monday that Turner will be called up from Triple-A New Orleans, and he is lined up to pitch Game 1 of the doubleheader with the D-backs at Chase Field.
Wade LeBlanc is slated to start the second game on Wednesday.
"We're going to see what happens, and after that, we're going to make a move, to see if [Turner] is staying or going back," Guillen said. "He's going to start. It's not my job to say if he's going to stay or not. That's somebody else's job. I'm pretty sure they'd love him to stay."
Part of the decision could be in Turner's hands. If the right-hander has a strong outing, he likely will earn a second start.
Guillen's preference is for Turner to remain, but the club has to figure out how he would fit into the staff. One possibility is going with a six-man rotation.
"I think we should keep him here to see if we can count on him next year, or exactly what stage he is in," Guillen said. "I don't think they're against him staying. We're trying to figure out how to use him. To keep this kid here not to pitch is not any good. That's why we're having this discussion, and we're putting everything on the table."
The highly touted Turner was acquired from the Tigers on July 23 as part of the Anibal Sanchez/Omar Infante trade.
The 6-foot-5, 210-pounder made three starts for the Tigers, and he was 1-1 with an 8.03 ERA. He was dealt to Miami the day after his final Detroit appearance. On July 22, he threw 5 1/3 innings, giving up three runs in a win over the White Sox.
Since the trade, Turner has been impressive at Triple-A New Orleans, where he was 2-0 with a 1.98 ERA in five starts.
"If he stays, he has to be in the rotation," Guillen said. "That's my opinion."
'The Franchise' ending a week ahead of schedule
PHOENIX -- Through a rough season, the show must go on. For the Marlins, it just won't be going on much longer.
Showtime will air the final episode of "The Franchise" on Wednesday, a week earlier than initially scheduled.
The reality TV series, starring the Miami Marlins, started on July 11, and the plan was to run eight consecutive weeks.
Wednesday will mark the seventh week of the series.
The agreement was eight episodes, and technically, that is being met, because in April, the first series debuted after manager Ozzie Guillen made controversial comments about Cuban leader Fidel Castro.
Guillen said the show wasn't a distraction, and the players shouldn't use it as one for under-performing.
"Those people are good," Guillen said. "They work. They're very professional. They're fun. They've got a hard job. But the way we play, who wants to watch? ... Every time I watched that, I got depressed. The voice of the guy, 'And the Marlins lost again.' This is depressing.
"If any players say it was a distraction, they're full of [garbage]. They weren't hitting for you, pitching for you. Scoring for you. Making a play."
"The Franchise" did bring insights and behind the scenes access. One of the most popular moments was the meeting with reliever Heath Bell and Guillen. Bell had struggled and he expressed to Guillen that he felt no one in the organization had his back.
Bell felt the editing process made it look as if too much of blame on the disappointing season fell on him.
"It wasn't a good experience for me," Bell said. "It was a good experience knowing how television can ruin your life. It was fun. I like some of the guys, the camera guys. They're not bad guys. It's just the guys who were cutting and pasting, they can make it look like one person is the reason we didn't do well, or they can make it look like the team did bad.
"They definitely portrayed me as the only one having a bad year, because you heard it on just about every episode, but not everybody else."
Stanton to stay in the five-hole for time being
PHOENIX -- At some point, Giancarlo Stanton could be moving up in the order. For now, manager Ozzie Guillen is fine with the 22-year-old slugger hitting fifth.
The rationale is connected to Carlos Lee being an established run producer at the cleanup spot. And Jose Reyes has been hot since batting third.
Stanton was batting cleanup prior to the Marlins acquiring Lee from the Astros on July 4. But four days after Lee arrived, Stanton underwent surgery to remove two cartilage chips from his right knee.
Stanton was reinstated from the disabled list on Aug. 7, and he's made eight straight starts.
Guillen is monitoring when to give the slugger some rest. That was an initial reason not to immediately move Stanton back into the four spot.
"Carlos, he knows how to hit with people on base," Guillen said. "I'm not saying Giancarlo does not. But Carlos has the experience. I think right now the lineup functions better with Carlos batting fourth.
"The ideal is Giancarlo hitting third. But I don't want to move Reyes any place else. I want to leave Reyes third."
Reyes could find himself batting either second or third the rest of this season, and perhaps next year, too. Guillen feels Emilio Bonifacio is best suited to lead off.
"I think Boni should be leading off," Guillen said. "I think Reyes has more pop. Reyes can make more things happen hitting second or third."
Joe Frisaro is a reporter for MLB.com. He writes a blog, called The Fish Pond. Follow him on Twitter @JoeFrisaro. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


text:
I have an aging Passport 8500X50 that still works fine but does not have the ability to screen out the annoying TSR?s or traffic speed monitors that are becoming all too common on highways. Passport tells me mine cannot be upgraded to do this either. So I am considering a new one that has this capability.
Before I drop around $500 on a new model Passport I figured I?d ask if anyone else has a better idea or likes another manufacturer?s models better. If I believe all the write-ups it appears that Passport does not have much competition which seems hard to believe after so many years.


text:
[Hook: Teyana Taylor]
Christmas in Harlem
Right after autumn falls
Soakin' it all in
Then we go hit the mall
Even though we ain't ballin'
Feels like we bought it all
The mistletoe's right here
Come give a kiss to Santa Claus
[Verse 1: Kanye West]
Merry Christmas to all, and all a good night
Huh, now we all livin' the good life
Yeah, though it's forty below the wind chill
And we wipin' snow up off the windshield
It's still, wonderful night to be alive, baby
And I'm, so happy I'm with my baby
And we a li'l late wit' the Christmas gifts
Rushin' for the mall, don't trip, you know I drive crazy
The streets lit up, it feel like Christmas officially
Told her that "You the star at the top of my Christmas tree"
My only question is, "Where my presents?"
She said, "Shhh," she got a gift for me that ain't for the kids to see
Well, I like the way you think, mami
Now pour some more eggnog in you drink, mami
Got a surprise for you that ain't on your Christmas list-es
Gave her the hot chocolate, she said "It's D-ricious"
[Hook: Teyana Taylor]
[Verse 2: Cyhi the Prince]
First, I wanted to say Merry Christmas to y'all
For Santa Claus, so bake a turkey, burn a few logs
I be there soon, on my sled, me and Rudolph
Thugs think I'm a Blood 'cause I won't take this red suit off
Ha, I swear I got the freshest wardrobe
I let my beard grow 'cause it's cold in the North Pole
Her voice slow 'cause "I always got a sore throat"
Okay, stop it, no more jokes
You never see me 'cause I shop when the stores close
And my sleigh go faster than the Porsche go
Ha, I got nine reindeers
That's Dancer, that's Prancer on the fourth flo'
That's Comet, that's Cupid, that's Vixen
That's Donner, that's Dasher, that's Blitzen
Happy Kwanzaa, and for the ones that aren't Christian
Everybody gets gifts as long as I'm livin'
So look forward to havin'
[Hook: Teyana Taylor]
[Verse 3: Teyana Taylor]
All the flashin' lights up on a tree
The house lit up ni-ice
Wit' your family's where you wanna be
Here on Christmas night
When you wake up and you see the gifts
Don't that make you feel go-ood?
So since we all snowed in in Harlem
Let's have Christmas in the hoo-hood
[Bridge: Teyana Taylor]
All of the flashin' light
Yeah, when they shine so bright
Always for you and me
Baby, you're Christmas Eve
If you like what you see me
Won't you come sit on my knee?
Tell me everything that you want
'Cause, baby, I'm your Santa Claus
[Hook: Teyana Taylor]
[Verse 4: Kanye West]
I peeped it, you know what?
Need some reindeer for this one
I wanna hear sleigh bells on this one
Got a new suit on this one
The newborn look too cute for this one
Yeah, the new winter coat for this one
Yeah, gotta let it snow on this one
Huh, all the Christmas cheer for this one
The whole family up in here on this one
[Hook: Teyana Taylor]
Early version of Christmas in Harlem song of G.O.O.D. Fridays


text:
Grenelefe Park Properties LLC to Park Ridge Builders Inc., parcel ID 068428 and 068429, $99,800.
Robert B. Fox to Sandra Richter, 1930 Kenlock Drive, $157,000.
Pierwood Construction Co. to Lisa Geer and David Geer, 445 Sebastian Drive, $187,900.
James and Linda Tucker Trust to Matthew C. Welch and Erica Saxon, 3910 Almon Drive, $84,000.
Crawford Creek Homebuilders LLC to Matthew Barksdale, 232 Asa Way, $179,900.
Andrew Mettler Hayes and Emily Knight Sigman applied for a marriage license on Aug. 11, 2014, and were married Oct. 4, 2014, in Martinez.
David Odell Philmon Jr. and Mallory Justine Whitaker applied for a marriage license on Sept. 19, 2014, and were married Sept. 20, 2014, in Augusta.
David Carrol Jones and Laura Daniele Story applied for a marriage license on Oct. 3, 2014, and were married Oct. 4, 2014, in Evans.
Martha Katherine Spivey and Jared Marshall Spivey, Oct. 2, 2014.
Carol Barber and Earl Barber, Aug. 26, 2014.
John Andrew McAuley and Sherrie Diane McAuley, Oct. 10, 2014.
Emily Suzette Lowe and Wallace Daniel McElroy, Oct. 7, 2014.
Latasha Doneya Stokes and Anthony Stokes Jr., Sept. 23, 2014.
Jillian N. Gravitt and Thomas E. Gravitt Jr., Oct. 10, 2014.
Julie M. Gibson and Gerry L. Gibson, Sept. 23, 2014.
Erin Marie Ulibarri-Muniz and Gerald Lee Ulibarri-Muniz, Oct. 2, 2014.
Jennifer J. Williams and George C. Renison, Sept. 30, 2014.
First, there are the smallest munchkins. They usually stand by your front door afraid to say anything and have to be encouraged by their parents to request the sweets they crave. Moms and dads are usually in the background watching to make sure nothing bad is thrown into their bags.
Rest assured they have already been trained to not eat anything until it is thoroughly inspected. And isn't that a shame? I remember when I'd have half my candy eaten before I returned home. Halloween is really for these little guys. This just may be their first time. Make it worth their while.
Week 7 winners
There were 64 qualified entries for the seventh week of the contest. No contestants picked all 10 games correctly, two picked nine games correctly, 23 picked eight games correctly and 39 picked seven games correctly. Eighteen contestants did not pick at least seven games correctly in order to qualify for the drawing.
Week 7 winners of the Pigskin Picks T-shirt are Darryl L. Giles, of Martinez, Greg Davis, of Evans, and Becky Muckelvaney, of Martinez.
Meanwhile, across the sea from her, another person sneers at my unoriginal outcome. She wonders why anyone would settle for the commonplace. She critiques my choices.
Different genes, different decisions and my life might have thundered along another track.
Fate is a fickle determiner of destiny, is she not?
As it is, whittled to this singular experience, I will never wear a high-powered business suit to a job in the New York City financial district.
I'll never join a circus and fly through the air with the greatest of ease.
Pansies are available in many colors, from white to rich gold, purple, red, rose, maroon, orange and violet, with many shades in between. They are available as solid colors, called clear-faced pansies; blotches of colors, called faced pansies; and two-toned pansies. Some varieties have petals with crinkled or ruffled edges, and flowers range up to 4 inches in diameter. There are more than 300 varieties of pansies on the market.
The Augusta Area Master Gardeners is 30 years old and several of the program's first graduates are still putting what they learned in the sessions to good use.
"Sid always makes a joke about my age and that I was in the first class with Barbara Botts and Jim Bennett," said Sharyn Altman of Richmond County Extension Agent Sid Mullis. "Jim was worried about passing the test since he had a TV show at the time. Imagine how I felt!"
Wilson Parker Homes of Crawford Creek Inc. to Frederick P. O'Brien III, 1044 Highgrass Court, $377,000.
Keith Gardner to Maria Del Garrido-Calloway, 4010 Ellington Drive, $220,000.
Jerry Kendrick to Rafael Jordan, Rios Armstrong and Maria De Lourdes, a portion of parcel ID 068010 and 068010Q, $50,000.
Ashley London to Gary Hegner and Paula Hegner, 423 Aldrich Court, $227,000.
Gearig Brothers Civil Works LLC to David Meade and Maggie Meade, parcel ID 069B037, $134,900.
Joshua Michael Peters and Ivy Elizabeth Clements applied for a marriage license on Sept. 19, 2014, and were married Sept. 19, 2014, in Evans.
Michael Adams Jr. and Doris Rochell Scruggs applied for a marriage license on Sept. 12, 2014, and were married Sept. 19, 2014, in Evans.
Kenneth Joseph McCall Jr. and Karen Lea Tura applied for a marriage license on Aug. 1, 2014, and were married Sept. 20, 2014, on Fort Gordon.
Columbia County News-Times ©2018. All Rights Reserved.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|6 May 1980
|Filing date
|31 Aug 1977
|Priority date
|31 Aug 1977
|Publication number
|Thomas Haase
|Original Assignee
|Thomas Haase
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (114), Classifications (19)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to cardiovascular monitoring and, more particularly, to an absorption spectroscopic catheter for the in vivo measurement of blood gas partial pressures as well as blood pressure and pulse rate.
Pressure transducer catheters are well-known (References 1, 2), as are electrolytic type catheters for determining blood gases (3). Various optical catheters have been conceived for the measurement of gas content in blood (4-9) and for providing both blood gases and pressure-pulse rate data (8). Some of such systems utilize fiber optic technology to introduce light in the red-visible region of the spectrum into the bloodstream which is reflected by blood molecules. The reflected light is then colorimetrically analyzed to determline blood color from which information pertaining to oxygen saturation can be derived. This information, however, is actually a ratio of the number of oxygenated hemoglobin molecules to non-oxygenated hemoglobin molecules, and does not provide data in terms of the partial pressure of oxygen which is a vital parameter vis-a-vis the life of the catheterized patient. Another disadvantage of colorimetric systems is that carbon dioxide content in the blood is not directly obtainable.
Other catheter systems utilizing the arts of gas chromotography (10) or mass spectrometry (11) have been devised to measure cardio-vascular functions. Such systems, however, generally require the removal of a blood sample from the body before analysis can take place. The analytical components are very large and are usually located in laboratories which are often far removed from the operating room. Once the blood reaches the laboratory the analysis response time of such systems is typically slow. Delay is a primary disadvantage of mass spectrometric and gas chromotographic systems. Expense is a further disadvantage.
The principles of absorption spectrometry are well-known and find application in a number of analytical systems, procedures and devices. These principles, however, have not been applied to the rapid and accurate in vivo analysis of dissolved gases in blood. Briefly, and in a very much simplified manner, the principle of operation of the present absorption spectrometry catheter system is described as follows.
Each atom or molecule absorbs and radiates electromagnetic radiation in discrete quantitative increments at a number of discrete levels of energy. In the present instance, the electro-magnetic energy is in the energy range referred to as "light," including both the visible and the invisible infrared and ultra-violet regions of the light spectrum. When a light beam of a specific energy level, i.e. wavelength, preferably of only one wavelength, i.e. monochromatic light, is passed through a chamber containing a specific substance which absorbs at that wavelength, the amount of absorbed light, and hence the reduction in the intensity of the light beam, is proportional to the number of atoms or molecules of the substance in the chamber which interact with the incident radiation. The ratio of intensity incident light, Io, to the intensity of the exit light, If, is a measure of the absorbed light and, therefore, a measure of the amount of the substance in the absorption chamber.
Actually, any given substance will absorb light of many differnt energy levels (wavelengths), some wavelengths being strongly absorbed and others much less strongly absorbed. This variation in amount of absorption with wavelength is referred to as the absorption spectrum of the particular material.
When the substance to be measured is a gas, such as oxygen or carbon dioxide, it is convenient to measure the amount of the gas present in a chamber of defined dimensions. According to the gas law, the pressure of the gas in such a chamber is directly proportional to the amount, or number of molecules, of gas in the chamber. Thus, it is possible to measure directly the pressure of a given gas in the chamber simply by measuring the total amount of the gas in the chamber. Where more than one gas is present the pressure contribution of each constituent gas is referred to as the "partial pressure" of that gas.
In any system which includes gases, whether it be a gaseous system, such as a chamber of defined proportions, or a liquid system, such as flowing blood, each gaseous component exerts a pressure proportional to the total amount of the gas in the system. Thus, each gas dissolved in the blood exerts a "partial pressure" in the blood stream. If such a system having a partial pressure of a given gas, for example blood with an oxygen or carbon dioxide partial pressure, is placed in contact with a barrier which is permeable to the gas but not to the blood, the gas will permeate and diffuse through the barrier, i.e. dissolve in one side and out the other, until the partial pressure of that gas on the other side of the barrier equals the partial pressure of the gas in the blood stream. Actually, the pressures on each side of the barrier need not be exactly equal since there are permeation factors, and other factors, which effect the flow through the barrier; however, the gas will flow through the barrier until an equilibrium value is reached at which time the rate of diffusion through the barrier is equal in both directions.
This principle is applied in the present invention by placing a catheter which includes a chamber of defined dimensions in the blood stream. All or part of the wall of the chamber is made of a barrier membrane which is permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide and/or selected other gases, referred to as a semipermeable membrane. The partial pressure of a given gas in the chamber, at equilibrium, is directly proportional to the partial pressure of gas in the blood. Accordingly, by measuring the partial pressure of the gas in the chamber, by measuring the total amount present as discussed before, the partial pressure of dissolved gas in the blood can be determined. The unique application of these principles in the apparatus and systems and methods of this invention are an important feature of this invention.
Absorption spectroscopy is particularly useful where emission spectra are difficult to obtain due to the high energy levels required to achieve electronic configurations excitations. This is especially true of polyatomic and diotonic gases. For example, absorption spectroscopy has been successfully employed to measure the ozone level of the atmosphere. Since low energy radiation is sufficient for obtaining absorption spectra, measuring systems based on this concept are very advantageous and well suited for use in the in vivo measurement of cardiovascular functions. The development of high infrared transmissive optical fibers has made possible the efficient utilization of the absorption concept in blood catheters. The use of absorption chambers in conjunction with such catheters provides for flexible and accurate monitoring of one or a combination of several blood gases.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention allows for the simultaneous measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures, vital indicators with respect to cardiovascular performance. Furthermore, the same monitor is easily adapted to also measure the equally vital overall blood pressure and pulse rate, thereby embodying a complete, yet convenient and accurate, monitoring device. Convenience in use and mobility of the monitor, because of its small dimensions and reduced space requirements of the optical and electronic components, are important features of the present invention. Use of monochromatic light of strongly absorbed wavelength provides both accuracy and sensitivity for both gases, with minimum effect from the presence of other gases. Response time of the absorption catheter is very short, only about three seconds.
The present invention provides an optical catheter system, based on the art of absorption spectroscopy, for the accurate and efficient cardiovascular monitorization of blood gas content, as well as overall blood pressure and pulse rate.
In general, the catheter of this invention comprises a pair of elongate fiber optic bundles, which may be randomly mixed with each other, in an elongate sheath of any of several biologically compatible materials. The fiber optic bundles are adapted at the proximal end to receive incident monochromatic radiation, Io, of known intensity and predetermined wavelength and to transmit the incident radiation the lengths of the catheter to an absorption chamber at the distal end of the catheter. The absorption chamber may be of any configuration but is conveniently of generally cylindrical shape with the fiber optic bundles at one end directing the incident radiation the length of the chamber to a reflective surfaced semipermeable membrane forming the other end of the chamber. In this configuration the radiation is absorbed by gases present in the chamber during two passes through the chamber, to the mirror and from the mirror back to the fiber optic bundle. The remaining, or exit radiation, is transmitted by the fiber optics back along the length of the catheter to radiation detectors which measure the intensity of the final radiation, If. It is the ratio Io /If which is proportional to the partial pressure of the dissolved gas in the blood stream. In the preferred form, the distal wall of the chamber serves both as a semipermeable membrance and as a mirror, being coated with gold or some other reflective coating to about a 50% reflectivity; however, separate semipermeable membranes, e.g. in the cylinder walls, could be provided to result in the same basic chamber. Similarly, the chamber may be spherical or of some other configuration. It is intended that the specific embodiments referred to here and hereinafter are not limiting but are merely exemplary.
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention, the blood partial pressures of two gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide, are concurrently measured and displayed. Where two gases are present in the chamber, each will absorb light passed through it, to one degree or another, depending upon the wavelength of the incident light rays. Thus, the absorption by both gases will contribute to the decrease in intensity of the incident light, that is, Io less If, thereby making inaccurate the measurement of either one of the two gases. It is therefore necessary for the measurement of a first gas, to supply light to the chamber of a wavelength at which absorption by that particular gas is very high, and at which absorption by the other gas present is very low. Similarly, absorption analysis of the second gas should utilize light of a wavelength at which absorption by that gas is high and at which absorption by the first gas is very low, or negligible.
The present invention accomplishes this objective by utilizing light with a predeterined wavelength of approximately 7596 angstroms for the absorption analysis of oxygen, and of approximately 2 microns for the measurement of carbon dioxide. At these wavelengths, the respective absorption by carbon dioxide and oxygen, as well as other gases present, water vapor and nitrogen will be negligible. The optical fibers employed by the present invention are unique in that they exhibit high transmissive qualities, that is, above 30%, of light in the infrared region.
Two distinct light sources, one visible and one infrared, are provided for the production of light beams of these wavelengths. The visible source in the preferred embodiment is a laser, well-known for the coherent and monochromatic nature of its light rays (22-24). Dual detectors, responsive to light in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum, respectively, are also provided.
Light from the two sources is alternately pulsed by the use of an optical multiplexer, referred to as a "chopper," towards the incidence channel of the fiberoptical system for transmission to the chamber. Pulsing is necessary not only because there are two light sources and only a single incidence channel, but also because a continous beam of light falling on the detectors substantially dampens its sensitivity and reduces the signal to noise ratio. The chopper herein employed, however, is novel in that it not only produces the necessary pulsation of light, but also simultaneously synchronizes the alternate pulsation of light from two light sources, and the alternate detection of reflected light rays by two detectors.
A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides for the measurement of gases present in the blood stream, other than oxygen and carbon dioxide. The structure and concept of this invention allows the absorption analysis of one or a combination of several gases.
Finally, besides the measurement of blood gas partial pressures, the present invention is capable of simultaneous monitoring of overall blood pressure and pulse rate. The semipermeable window contained in the absorption chamber is made of a flexible substance which allows it to deflect in response to blood pressure and pulse rate. These responsive deflections are transmitted to the light by the window at the point of reflection, and are exhibited by the reflected light in the form of amplitude modulations. These modulations are sensed by the detectors which generate electronic signals in response thereto. These signals can then be properly converted and visually displayed to provide the instantaneous and complete monitorization of cardiovascular functions, including blood gas partial pressures, overall blood pressure and pulse rate.
These and other advantages of the present invention are readily apparent by reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing of the Cardiovascular Monitor including digital display of oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures, blood pressure and cardiacrate, detectable optical catheter chambered sensor end tip;
FIG. 2 is a perspective and schematic diagram optical multiplexing system and fiber optics of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a section view, taken along lines 3--3, of the sensor end tip showing absorption chamber and peripheral sensor construction;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the electronic analog to digital conversion of the output signals; and
FIGS. 5 and 6 are signal output waveforms.
Shown in FIG. 1 is an exemplary cardiovascular moniter with catheter attachment, indicated generally at 10 and 12, respectively, which embody the present invention. Other forms of equipment of like function, e.g. using a strip chart display are obviously within the scope of this invention. Moniter 10 provided for the visual digital display of blood pressure 14, both systolic and diastolic, cardiac rate 16, pulse rate indicator light 18, and partial blood pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide, 20 and 22, respectively. On/off switch 24 and power light indicator 26 are also shown.
Housed within monitor 10 is the optical multiplexing system of the present invention, including light sources, detectors and rotary multiplexor, as well as the electronic analog-to-digital conversion system, necessary for the processing and display of the cardiovascular data. This mode of housing and display is, however, merely a preferred example. In many cases it may be desirable to record, by means of a strip chart for example, the signals corresponding to the above data.
The monitor face is provided with input/output connection 28, which receives dual jacks 30 of the bifurcated optical catheter 12. Incidence channel 32 and reflection channel 34 combine to form catheter body 36, the former for transmitting light to sensor end tip 38 and the latter for return transmission of reflected light. The construction of the bifurcated fiber optical system will be dealt with in more detail below.
FIG. 2 illustrates the primary components of the preferred embodiment, the optical multiplexing system 40, fiber optical catheter 12, and the sensor end tip 38 and the manner in which these systems interface. Sensor 38 is generally defined as a cylindrical housing 46, fitted at one end with a semipermeable window 48. The sensor housing can be constructed of stainless steel, or of less rigid materials such as nylon, ABS or of any of the well-known biologically acceptable materials. Its diameter is approximately 2 mm and measures about 4 mm in overall length.
The window material must be flexible, so as to be sensitive to blood pressure and cardiac rate, and also permeable, in the preferred embodiment, to oxygen and carbon dioxide. Sylastic brand (General Electric) silicon rubber of thickness about 10 microns is generally accepted as a biologically compatible semipermeable membrane material and is quite satisfactory.
A circular light aperture 50 generally defines the proximal end of housing 46 and receives the non-bifurcated end of fiber optic bundle 53, thereby allowing the entrance and exit of light into and out of sensor end tip 38.
The detailed construction of the sensor end tip 38 is shown in FIG. 3. Sensor housing 46 narrows at its proximal end to facilitate attachment to the optical catheter body 36. Window 48 is affixed to the housing using an autoclavable epoxy glue. The deflection of the window 48, shown in phantom line 56, is due to the pressure of the blood on its exterior surface, indicated by the arrows 58, the frequency of such deflections being dependent upon the rate of heartbeat. In addition to flexing in response to blood pressure and pulse rate, the window is permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules dissolved in the blood.
Gas molecules 60 diffuse through the window membrane into the absorption chamber 54 until equilibrium is reached. At this point, the partial pressures of O2 +CO2 inside chamber 54 will equal, or at least be directly proportional, to the surrounding partial pressure of these gases in the bloodstream. A reflective coating 62 is applied to the interior surface of the window using conventional vacuum deposit or evaporational techniques. The coating material can be gold or aluminum and is applied so as to exhibit an optical density of about 46%, not opaque enough to reduce to any substantial degree the permeability of the window and yet sufficient to allow for reflection of incident light rays, as shown by arrows 64 and 66.
Body 36 of optical catheter 12 is comprised of a sheathing material such as flexible polyvinyl chloride, nylon, Tygon, chlorinated rubber, or other biocompatible material. The body is, conveniently, shrink molded for attachment to housing 46 of sensor end tip 38.
Referring again to FIG. 2 the bifurcated construction of the fiber optical catheter 12 is shown. Ten fibers, in a typical structure, each constitute the incidence and reflection channels 32, 34 of the catheter, to form the 20-fiber, randomly mixed bifurcated bundle, shown in section at 68. Corning fiber optics No. 44-49016-1499 is a presently preferred fiber optic material.
The optical multiplexing system, indicated generally at 40, consists essentially of red visible and infrared light sources 70 and 72, visible and IR detectors 74 and 76, and an optical multiplexer 78, referred to as a "chopper." The rotary chopper 78 is powered by motor 80. Visible source 70 is a laser which produces light with an approximate wavelength of 7596 angstroms and intensity of 5-10 mw, e.g. Spectraphysics Model 142 or Model 335 used for the absorption analysis of oxygen. A laser source is preferred because of the characteristically coherent and monochromatic narrow beam produced thereby. A further advantage is the reduced size of the source optics required, providing for a monitor of reduced dimensions.
The infrared source 72 is a standard incandescent reflective source for the absorption measurement of carbon dioxide. For the reasons discussed above, a carbon dioxide laser is a desirable source but cost considerations presently suggest the use of conventional IR source. The wavelength of light produced by the IR source is approximately 2 microns and has an intensity of 250-300 watts.
The visible detector 74 consists of a silicon phototransistor, peaked for detection via narrow band filters of light wavelengths of around 7596 angstroms. Texas Instruments Co. Model TIL 78 is an example of such a detector. While a silicon phototransistor could be utilized as the IR detector 76, a triglycine sulfate crystal detector is preferred because of its proper gain special frequency and time response. The IR detector is selected and adjusted to sense light wave lengths of around 2 microns. Narrow band filters of, respectively, 7596 angstroms and 2 microns with a band width of 1/2A are part of the detector and not depicted separately.
It is well-known that a continuous beam of light falling upon an optical detector will substantially dampen its response, and that pulsation of the incident light is therefore necessary. Optical chopper 78 accomplishes this result, as well as the multiplexing of two discrete light rays down a single fiber optical channel. As shown in FIG. 2, each 90� rotation of the chopper wheel 78 allows light procuded by the visible source 70 to be reflected by one of its four prisms 82 towards the incidence channel 32 of fiber optic catheter 12. Instantaneously, the incident light ray will be reflected by window 48 for return transmission via reflection channel 34, whereupon it impinges upon another prism located on the chopper 180� from the first. Turning of the visible beam at the locations shown in FIG. 2 is provided for by totally reflective optical flats 84.
With each 45� rotation of the chopper, the infra-red light produced by IR source 72 is allowed to pass through and enter the incidence channel 32 for transmission to the absorption chamber 54. Reflected IR light will similarly pass through the chopper for direct sensing by IR detector 76.
The electrical output signals produced by the sensors, indicated generally at 100, in response to reflected light rays are processed in accordance with the analog/digital conversion electronics system shown in FIG. 4. The analog signal first undergoes pre-calibration in a conventional scaler amplifier 102 where it is scaled to correspond to the voltage input limits of the microprocessor.
A calibration source 104, which may be any of a large number of stable signal generators of conventional design, is selectively fed to the scaler amplifier 102 to ensure electronic stability. The sensor output also triggers the syncronization detector 106 which, along with syncronization driver 108, generates a sync pulse to ensure proper syncronization in the input multiplexer 110 and the output multiplexer 112. The processed signal from the multiplexer 110 is processed by a peak detector 114 which senses the maximum amplitude of each peak of the alternating signal resulting from the optical multiplexer. An automatic gain control amplifier 116 receives an output signal from the peak detector and feeds the scaler amplifier 102 to ensure proper voltage input to the multiplexer 110. The peak detector output is an analog signal which is converted to a digital signal for further processing by a conventional analog to digital converter 118 which feeds the digital signal to the output multiplexer 112 where the signal is processed for individual display and may then be displayed as a digital signal by means of counters 120, catch decoder drivers 122 over predetermined time intervals controlled by the update clock 124 and then visually presented by displays 126 which may be conventional neon glow tube devices of any design, or any other digital signal responsive display device. A plotter or printer could, for example, be used in lieu of the neon glow tubes of the exemplary embodiment depicted in FIG. 1. In addition, or alternatively, the processed signal may be converted by a conventional digital to analog converter 128 to be displayed by an analog display device 130, such as a conventional strip chart recorder.
No novelty or unique features reside in the electronic circuits; indeed, all electronic circuits and signal handling devices and displays are well-known and generally used thoughout the electronics and instrument industries and are described in numerous standard texts and other publications. See, for example, Brophy, J. J., 1972, Basic Electronics for Scientists, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York; Offner, F. F., 1967, Electronics for Biologists, McGraw-Hill, New York; Vassos, B. H. and Ewing, G. W., Analog and Digital Electronics for Scientists, 1972, Wiley-Interscience, New York. Off-the-shelf electronic signal processing instruments which are adaptable for producing suitable readout of the signals are available from a number of instrument manufacturers.
In use, the optical catheter 12 is inserted into the bloodstream such that sensor end tip 38 is in the desired location. Carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules dissolved in the blood diffuse across the permeable window 48 and occupy absorption chamber 54. The systolic and diastolic pressures of the blood produce corresponding deflections in window 48 which occur at the frequency of the pulse rate. The rotary action of the chopper 78 multiplexes alternate light rays of known intensities down incidence channel 32 of the optical catheter 12 to chamber 54. As shown in FIG. 3, incident light rays 64 pass through the chamber, and are reflected by the reflective coating 62 of window 48 back through the chamber, whereupon the reflected rays 66 enter one of the fibers constituting reflection channel 34 for transmission to the detectors. The reflected light pulse is amplitude modulated at the point of reflection by the deflections of window 48, resulting from pulsing of the blood and the average blood pressure. Calibration of each catheter, or selection of like-sensitivity catheters, is required for quantitization of the signal output; however, it will be apparent from the geometry of the sensor chamber that an increase in blood pressure, either long term or transitional, will cause distension of the membrane and will result in greater scattering of the light thus reducing the proportion of the light reflected to the reflecting channel optical fiber bundle. This phenomenon, in itself, is known (8) and therefore, no detailed discussion is required.
The light of each frequency, in addition, undergoes two absorptions by the respective gas to which each corresponds. For example, light from the visible source 70, having a predetermined wavelength of about 7596 A, precedes the pulse of light from the IR source 72 down the incidence channel to the chamber. As this pulse of light twice traverses the chamber, its energy is absorbed by the oxygen molecules present. CO2 and other gases, on the other hand, will absorb only a negligible amount of energy. Therefore, the intensity of the reflected visible beam, as determined by the visible detector 74, when compared to the known intensity of the incident beam, will correspond accurately to the partial pressure of oxygen in the absorption chamber and bloodstream. Partial pressure of gases is displayed or recorded in units of mmHg.
The output signals of the detectors will contain information relating not only to the intensities of reflected light, but also to blood pressure and pulse rate. These data then enter the electronic processing system, illustrated in FIG. 4, previously described.
FIG. 5 depicts, in a very general fashion, the gross signal that may be obtained from an oxygen sensor of the type described, the ordinate indicating increasing dissolved oxygen, partial pressure, in the blood, increasing upwardly, the abscissa indicating time, from an arbitrary zero starting point, in seconds, increasing to the right. As the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood increases (in the course of graph of FIG. 5 the increase being very rapid simply to illustrate the type of signal output) the absorption by the oxygen in the sensor chamber increases, thus decreasing the intensity of the output signal. This gross decrease in signal is depicted by the sharp downward turn of the output signal curve, followed by a levelling as the oxygen partial pressure stabilizes and then by a sharp decrease accompanied by a rapid, shallow pulse at the right of the figure. The pulse rate and pressure is carried on the signal in the form of a more rapid amplitude modulation component which is effectively averaged electronically when considering the oxygen partial pressure signal. The relative magnitude of the pulse and partial pressure signals depends upon the geometry of the sensor and may be predetermined at any desired ratio by making the chamber longer and the membrane smaller to increase the partial pressure to pulse signal ratio or by making the membrane larger and the chamber smaller to increase the pulse to partial pressure signal ratio.
FIG. 6 is short time period depiction of a signal of the type depicted in FIG. 5 except that the pulse to partial pressure ratio is very much higher than that ratio in FIG. 5, simply to illustrate the manner in which the pulse rate-blood pressure data are carried by the signal. In FIG. 6, the partial pressure component is ignored because of the short time duration, the entire figure representing only about two seconds, and to focus upon the pulse rate-blood pressure data. The signal is in the form of a modulated AC, the AC component resulting from the optical multiplexer, the amplitude modulation resulting from the distension of the membrane by the pulsation pressure in the blood vessel in which the catheter dwells during use. In practice, the pulse rate is read directly, e.g. 83 pulses per minute, and the pressure is converted electronically to correspond to the blood pressure as determined by the conventional sphygmometer, e.g. 130/95, the conversion factor being determined empirically.
As pointed out before, the invention resides in the application of absorption spectrometry to the in vivo determination of oxygen and carbon dioxide, or other gases, in blood and, more particularly in the design and operation of the catheter and optical system and not in the manner or means for electronically processing and displaying the output signal. Considerable variation in the precise manner and apparatus in which the invention is embodied is contemplated without departing from the concept of the invention of the scope of the invention as defined in the claims, it being immaterial to the invention that any particular method or means of electronic signal processing and display is used. It is, accordingly, the intent that the claims which follow be read in light of and consistently with the scope and nature of the inventive concept and the manner in which that concept is utilized and not upon the merely exemplary embodiment by which the invention is depicted and described hereinbefore.
The following references, and those specifically referred to in the specification, are incorporated herein as if fully set forth.
1. U.S. Pat. No. 3,249,105, Polanyi, May 3, 1966.
2. U.S. Pat. No. 3,273,447, Frank, Sept. 20, 1966.
3. U.S. Pat. No. 3,791,376, Rybak, Feb. 12, 1974.
4. U.S. Pat. No. 3,123,066, Brumley, Mar. 3, 1964.
5. U.S. Pat. No. 3,136,310, Meltzer, June 9, 1964.
6. U.S. Pat. No. 3,498,286, Polanyi et al, Mar. 3, 1970.
7. U.S. Pat. No. 3,814,081, Mori, June 4, 1974.
8. U.S. Pat. No. 3,822,695, Takayama, July 9, 1974.
9. U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,483, Shaw et al, Nov. 12, 1974.
10. U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,864, Sielaff et al, Oct. 5, 1976.
11. U.S. Pat. No. 3,952,730, Key, Apr. 27, 1976.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|18 Jan 1960
|3 Mar 1964
|30 Aug 1965
|26 Nov 1968
|Nasa Usa
|Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring blood oxygenation, blood pressure, pulse rate and the pressure pulse curve utilizing an ear oximeter as transducer
|27 Dec 1972
|9 Jul 1974
|Olympus Optical Co
|Catheter system
|26 Feb 1976
|18 Jan 1977
|Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V.
|Method and arrangement for measuring the concentration of gases
|6 Feb 1975
|16 Aug 1977
|Fostick Moshe A
|Method for monitoring blood gas tension and pH from outside the body
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|21 Feb 1980
|12 Oct 1982
|Novatec, Inc.
|Pulse rate monitor
|7 Aug 1981
|20 Sep 1983
|Possis Medical, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for monitoring and displaying heart rate and blood pressure product information
|28 Apr 1981
|14 Feb 1984
|Quest Medical, Inc.
|Flow fault sensing system
|19 Aug 1981
|24 Apr 1984
|Shugar Martin A
|Fiberoptic tracheotomy method
|11 Mar 1983
|30 Apr 1985
|Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
|Method for measuring oxygen metabolism in internal organ or tissue
|22 Aug 1984
|10 Jun 1986
|Hitachi Cable, Ltd.
|Catheter-tip micromanometer utilizing single polarization optical fiber
|17 Feb 1984
|16 Sep 1986
|Transamerica Delaval Inc.
|Disposable transducer systems
|7 Mar 1984
|18 Nov 1986
|University Of Tennessee Research Corporation
|Apparatus and method for in-vivo measurements of chemical concentrations
|1 Oct 1984
|10 Feb 1987
|American Hospital Supply Corp.
|Cardiac flow monitor
|6 Jul 1984
|7 Jul 1987
|Technology Dynamics, Inc.
|Optical measuring device using a spectral modulation sensor having an optically resonant structure
|25 Sep 1986
|8 Sep 1987
|Cordis Corporation
|Apparatus for measuring velocity of blood flow in a blood vessel
|30 Sep 1985
|10 Nov 1987
|Camino Laboratories, Inc.
|Output circuit for physiological measuring instruments
|2 Sep 1986
|8 Dec 1987
|Fiberoptic Sensor Technologies, Inc.
|Fiber optic coupled pressure transducer using single fiber and method of fabrication
|27 Sep 1985
|8 Dec 1987
|American Hospital Supply Corporation
|Optical catheter
|17 Oct 1986
|12 Jan 1988
|Spectramed, Inc.
|Multiple-function cardiovascular catheter system with very high lumenal efficiency and no crossovers
|10 Jul 1986
|1 Mar 1988
|Medex, Inc.
|Integrated optic system for monitoring blood pressure
|12 Aug 1986
|15 Mar 1988
|Cordis Corporation
|Pressure and oxygen saturation catheter
|23 Jul 1986
|5 Apr 1988
|Cordis Corporation
|Multiple site fiber optic pressure transducer
|21 Jan 1986
|12 Apr 1988
|The Regents Of The University Of California
|Gas-sensing optrode
|3 Oct 1986
|18 Oct 1988
|Saaski Elric W
|Optical measuring device using a spectral modulation sensor having an optically resonant structure
|19 Nov 1986
|25 Oct 1988
|Michael Kratzer
|Method and apparatus for measuring the aggregation of blood platelets or the coagulation of blood
|18 Jun 1987
|29 Nov 1988
|Fiberoptic Sensor Technologies, Inc.
|Fiberoptic pressure transducer
|18 Aug 1986
|24 Jan 1989
|Physio-Control Corporation
|Method and apparatus for processing signals used in oximetry
|14 Jul 1986
|31 Jan 1989
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Sensor for measuring the concentration of a gaseous component in a fluid by absorption
|29 Apr 1986
|14 Feb 1989
|Lemelson Jerome H
|Electro-optical instruments and methods for producing same
|1 Aug 1988
|28 Mar 1989
|Precision Interconnect Corporation
|Catheter assembly
|2 Dec 1988
|8 Aug 1989
|Medex, Inc.
|Integrated optic system for monitoring blood gases
|25 Apr 1988
|28 Nov 1989
|Medex, Inc.
|Temperture and pressure monitors utilizing interference filters
|23 Mar 1989
|29 May 1990
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Intravascular blood parameter measurement system
|20 Aug 1986
|29 May 1990
|The Regents Of The University Of California
|Method and apparatus for detecting gem-polyhalogenated hydrocarbons
|23 Mar 1989
|19 Jun 1990
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Intravascular blood parameter measurement system
|4 Jun 1987
|31 Jul 1990
|Metricor, Inc.
|Optical measuring device using a spectral modulation sensor having an optically resonant structure
|23 Dec 1988
|21 Aug 1990
|Mahutte Cornelis K
|Method and apparatus for continuous measurement of cardiac output
|8 Aug 1988
|28 Aug 1990
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Blood parameter measurement system
|21 Jun 1989
|11 Dec 1990
|Colin Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Pressure-pulse-wave detecting apparatus
|8 Aug 1988
|5 Feb 1991
|Minnesota Mining And Manufactoring Company
|Intravascular blood gas sensing system
|14 Mar 1989
|16 Apr 1991
|Baxter International Inc.
|24 Aug 1989
|6 Aug 1991
|Polartechnics Ltd.
|Physiological probe
|14 Oct 1988
|3 Sep 1991
|Optical Chemical Tech. Ltd.
|Optical fiber sensing device for analysis
|18 Jun 1990
|17 Sep 1991
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Blood parameter measurement system with compliant element
|30 Aug 1990
|12 Nov 1991
|Camino Laboratories
|Fiber optic measurement system having a reference conductor for controlling the energy level of the light source
|29 Dec 1989
|21 Jan 1992
|The Board Of The University Of Washington
|Thin-film spectroscopic sensor
|8 Jun 1990
|28 Apr 1992
|Camino Laboratories
|Fiber-optic transducer apparatus
|22 May 1990
|23 Jun 1992
|Optex Biomedical, Inc.
|Optical probe
|20 Mar 1990
|29 Dec 1992
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Method for making gas sensing element
|25 Feb 1985
|12 Jan 1993
|Einzig Robert E
|Fluid flow sensing apparatus for in vivo and industrial applications employing novel differential optical fiber pressure sensors
|23 Jan 1991
|9 Feb 1993
|Hewlett Packard Company
|Blood gas parameter measuring system
|1 Nov 1989
|2 Mar 1993
|Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc.
|Pulse oximeter with improved accuracy and response time
|17 Apr 1991
|4 May 1993
|Optex Biomedical, Inc.
|Sensor calibrator and test apparatus
|3 Jan 1992
|3 Aug 1993
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Optical gas sensor with enriching polymer
|9 Mar 1989
|24 Aug 1993
|Vectron Gesellschaft Fur Technologieentwicklung und Systemforschung mbH
|Method of continuous measurement of blood pressure in humans
|9 Dec 1991
|14 Sep 1993
|Gottlieb Amos J
|Analytical method
|21 Sep 1992
|8 Feb 1994
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Gas sensing element and method for making same
|8 Apr 1991
|24 May 1994
|Medamicus, Inc.
|Guide wire mounted pressure transducer
|16 Dec 1991
|7 Jun 1994
|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
|Laser endoscope for spectroscopic imaging
|29 Jun 1992
|9 Aug 1994
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Intravascular blood parameter sensing system
|6 Jul 1992
|18 Oct 1994
|Sandia Corporation
|Reliable noninvasive measurement of blood gases
|8 Jul 1992
|21 Mar 1995
|Polson; Michael J. R.
|Pulse oximeter with improved accuracy and response time
|20 May 1994
|6 Jun 1995
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Intravascular blood parameter sensing system
|1 Jun 1992
|12 Sep 1995
|Polson; Michael J. R.
|Method of measuring the oxygen saturation in pulsating blood flow
|26 Apr 1994
|24 Oct 1995
|Dade International Inc.
|Device for the automatic examination of blood samples
|27 Apr 1993
|31 Oct 1995
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co.
|Apparatus and method for use in measuring a compositional parameter of blood
|1 Sep 1994
|14 May 1996
|Sherwood Medical Company
|Sanitary speculum for tympanic thermometer probe
|12 Aug 1994
|20 May 1997
|Sandia Corporation
|Reliable noninvasive measurement of blood gases
|2 Jun 1995
|28 Apr 1998
|Dade International Inc.
|Device for the automatic examination of blood samples
|14 Mar 1996
|11 Aug 1998
|Alam; Mary K.
|Near-infrared noninvasive spectroscopic determination of pH
|12 Nov 1996
|10 Nov 1998
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer probe cover
|3 Jun 1998
|19 Oct 1999
|Trutex, Inc.
|Radiometric temperature measurement based on empirical measurements and linear functions
|12 Jan 1998
|9 Nov 1999
|Sherwood Services Ag
|Disposable speculum with membrane bonding ring
|3 Jun 1998
|14 Dec 1999
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer with modular sensing probe
|19 Jun 1997
|21 Dec 1999
|Euroferm Gmbh I.G.
|Apparatus for measuring the partial pressure of gases dissolved in liquids
|3 Jun 1997
|29 Feb 2000
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer probe cover
|30 Mar 1998
|28 Mar 2000
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer probe cover
|10 Aug 1998
|6 Jun 2000
|Sandia Corporation
|Near-infrared noninvasive determination of pH in pulse mode
|11 Jun 1999
|26 Sep 2000
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer disposable probe cover with further stretching prevention structure
|12 Mar 1999
|13 Feb 2001
|Trutek, Inc.
|Tympanic thermometer with modular sensing probe
|10 May 2000
|18 Mar 2003
|Motorola Inc.
|Optical noninvasive blood pressure sensor and method
|5 Jun 2000
|1 Apr 2003
|Mary K. Alam
|Near-infrared noninvasive determination of pH in pulse mode
|12 Oct 2004
|26 Sep 2006
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a dual sensor pressure sensing system
|17 May 2006
|12 Jun 2007
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a dual sensor pressure sensing system
|12 Mar 2004
|2 Oct 2007
|Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.
|Analysis system for reagent-free determination of the concentration of an analyte in living tissue
|30 Sep 2005
|5 Mar 2013
|Picometrix, Llc
|Optical delay
|12 Mar 2004
|23 Dec 2004
|Daniel Rohleder
|Analysis system for reagent-free determination of the concentration of an analyte in living tissue
|12 Oct 2004
|3 Mar 2005
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a dual sensor pressure sensing system
|17 May 2006
|21 Dec 2006
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a dual sensor pressure sensing system
|30 Sep 2005
|23 Oct 2008
|Zimdars David A
|Optical Delay
|25 Jan 2008
|29 Apr 2010
|Twin Star Medical, Inc.
|Assay catheter with pressure monitoring
|31 Mar 2009
|26 May 2011
|P&V Consulting Gmbh & Co. Kg
|System for determining a concentration of a substance in a body fluid
|1 Oct 2013
|13 Oct 2015
|Joy's International Cosmetics Pty Ltd
|Human body energy analysis device set
|24 Apr 1982
|9 Dec 1982
|Quest Medical Inc
|Einrichtung zur intravenoesen infusion
|17 Jun 1982
|9 Mar 1983
|THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA as represented by the Secretary United States Department of Commerce
|Fiber optic pH probe for tissue measurements
|17 Jun 1982
|26 Sep 1984
|THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA as represented by the Secretary United States Department of Commerce
|Fiber optic ph probe for tissue measurements
|31 Aug 1982
|16 Mar 1983
|Honeywell Inc.
|Fiber optic pressure sensor
|31 Aug 1982
|12 Sep 1984
|Honeywell Inc.
|Fiber optic pressure sensor
|28 Mar 1983
|12 Oct 1983
|THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA as represented by the Secretary United States Department of Commerce
|Fiber optic PO2 probe
|16 Oct 1987
|11 May 1988
|Spectramed, Inc.
|Multiple-function cardiovascular catheter system
|25 Apr 1990
|30 Oct 1991
|Hewlett-Packard GmbH
|A blood gas parameter measuring system
|19 May 1993
|24 Nov 1993
|Puritan-Bennett Corporation
|Reinforced catheter probe
|19 May 1993
|25 Jan 1995
|Puritan Bennett Corp
|Reinforced catheter probe.
|21 Jan 1993
|5 Jan 1994
|Fiberoptic Sensor Technologies, Inc.
|Fiberoptic blood pressure and oxygenation sensor
|21 Jan 1993
|30 Mar 1994
|Fiberoptic Sensor Technologies, Inc.
|Title not available
|10 Dec 2001
|19 May 2004
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a fiberoptic sensor
|10 Dec 2001
|4 May 2005
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a fiberoptic sensor
|10 Dec 2001
|30 May 2007
|Datascope Investment Corp.
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a fiberoptic sensor
|25 Jan 2008
|7 Oct 2009
|Twin Star Medical, Inc.
|Assay catheter with pressure monitoring
|10 Dec 2001
|28 Sep 2011
|Datascope Investment Corporation
|Intra-aortic balloon catheter having a fiberoptic sensor
|15 Oct 1982
|13 Oct 1983
|Us Commerce
|Fiber optic p�o2? probe
|25 Feb 1985
|12 Sep 1985
|Optical Technologies, Inc.
|Fluid flow sensing apparatus for in vivo and industrial applications emloying novel differential optical fiber pressure sensors
|9 Mar 1989
|2 Nov 1989
|Medex, Inc.
|Temperature and pressure monitors utilizing interference filters
|21 Apr 1992
|29 Oct 1992
|Optex Biomedical, Inc.
|Apparatus and method of calibrating a sensor probe
|20 Dec 1995
|27 Jun 1996
|EuroFerm Gesellschaft f�r Fermentation und Messtechnik mbH
|Device for measuring the partial pressure of gases dissolved in liquids
|20 Dec 1995
|22 Aug 1996
|Euroferm Ges Fuer Fermentation
|Device for measuring the partial pressure of gases dissolved in liquids
|18 Jun 1997
|31 Dec 1997
|Euroferm Gmbh
|Device for measuring the partial pressure of gases dissolved in liquids
|10 May 2001
|15 Nov 2001
|Motorola, Inc.,
|Optical noninvasive blood pressure sensor and method
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Discover a selection of top forums loses drop on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums loses drop and meet other fans of loses drop. Then, why don't you create your own forum of loses drop ?
Free forum : one stop for all your graphic design needs
#drop, designs, graphic, design, siggie, needs, siggies, printables, photo, enhancements, wedding, birth, birthday, graphics
20x EXP | 15x Ely | 10x Drop | 2x Rep | All Rep Items Are 1 Rep


text:
Coast to Coast: You Know You're in Cape Canaveral When …
We were awakened at 7 AM this morning by one NASA T-38 jet after another roaring above the beach here in Cape Canaveral. No doubt a Shuttle crew announcing their arrival to the world. (They're known as "blue suits" to those who work on the program.)
We went out scouting locations yesterday for Saturday morning's launch of STS-127, scheduled for 7:17 AM EDT (4:17 AM PDT). I'm hoping to videotape the launch and post it online so you get a different flavor than the usual footage you see on TV.
As everyone warned us, it's hot and humid here. When we don't have thunderstorms in the afternoon, it's pretty miserable as the storms burn off the humidity. But nothing's in the forecast for a few days.
My computer and peripherals arrived yesterday on the moving van, so life is good again. We go house hunting tomorrow.
Oh, one last space geek note … We bought annual passes for the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) visitor complex. A one-day ticket is $38, the annual pass is $50. That's a real deal, because you can hop the tour bus any time so when something special is happening like moving the Shuttle stack out to the pad on the crawler you can see it up close.


text:
Epic, right? Just
October 7, 2012
International Breaking Dawn Part 2 Poster
Woah! Now THIS is a last-movie-in-the-series-so-it-better-be-awesome poster. Check out the international version of the Breaking Dawn Part 2 poster:
Epic, right? Just
a smidgeon a tad a ton better than the North American version?
Epic, right? Just
3 comments:
Is this blog abandoned? Sad if it is.ReplyDeleteReplies
- AnonymousOctober 25, 2012 at 1:35 PM
- AnonymousOctober 31, 2012 at 1:30 PM
Lorabell!!!!At least explain and say goodbye!ReplyDelete
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Comment piece published in Public Service Europe on December 8 2011.
On November 30, the European Commission published its legislative proposal for the EU's new Research Framework Program for 2014-2020, named Horizon 2020, with a very substantial budget proposal of €80 billion. The Member States and the European Parliament are now going to discuss and negotiate the final version. Corporate lobby groups started working on this long ago: the European Roundtable of Industrialists (ERT), for instance, published its own position paper in October 2010, unsurprisingly pushing for the EU's research budget to be more closely aligned with industrial innovation needs.
Large industrial groups obviously prefer using the EU's research money to finance their R&D projects when they can, rather than their own funds. Our report on the corporate capture EU research funding: for who's benefit? shows how global steel giant Arcelor Mittal secured funds from the FP7 budget for research on CO2 emissions reduction technologies, even though it already benefits from massive carbon-related subsidies for the same purpose; in the form of emission allowances given to it for free under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. The company did not pay a single euro in tax, in Belgium, in 2010. But the pressure to increase "industrial relevance of EU research programmes" is not coming only from traditional corporate lobby groups: it also comes from some of the advisory bodies which the commission has been funding within its current research programme - FP7. The EU has financially supported the creation of industry-led groups, which gave large corporations a privileged conduit to influence the union's research priorities and funding decisions: the European technology platforms or ETPs and the joint technology initiatives JTIs.
Most ETPs started their work between 2004 and 2006, with the mission to define their requirements for R&D funding from private and public sources in a "strategic research agenda". This document was then submitted to the commission's Directorate-General for Research. These documents have not automatically led to awards of public money, but definitely contributed to shape the funding allocation. The sustainable chemistry ETP estimates it has "inspired projects that have attracted almost €800m of funding" in FP7. Another ETP, the biofuels technology platform is under investigation by the European Ombudsman following a complaint by Corporate Europe Observatory about the dominant role played by industry, and the very damaging influence it had on the biofuels research agenda.
JTIs could be described as ETPs which convinced the EU to directly participate in the implementation of their "strategic research agenda". But the power enjoyed by industry within JTIs is no longer limited to suggesting which research projects should be funded by the DG for Research. JTIs receive a direct and substantial public subsidy, making them – and, particularly, the "clean sky initiative" - the clearest example of research funds being used as industrial subsidies. The total tax payers' contribution to these initiatives for 2007-2013 is €3.14bn, provided in cash by the commission, whereas member corporations contribute similar amounts but "in-kind". These projects create habits of close collaboration between industry lobby groups and the commission's officials. A number of influential MEPs, too, have joined the bandwagon and become strong advocates of these projects - which have everything to do with technological development and industrial competitiveness, but much less with a broader understanding of society's research needs.
This comes from the flawed assumption that competitiveness and economic growth can solve all societal challenges. As an open letter sent to the EU institutions in June 2011 and signed by more than 100 civil society groups and research organisations stated, "Research agendas that prioritise profit and market share are incapable of meeting the social and environmental challenges Europe is facing precisely because these challenges require alternatives to the high-growth, high-profit models of economic development that have been pursued to such devastating excess. European research should promote and focus on innovation that provides solutions rather than investing in end of pipe technologies, which do not tackle the root causes of the problems that society faces." But the commission has probably not taken any of these concerns into account. Its new research framework programme proposal is not only business as usual, but suggests deepening the industry capture of research funding policy – it proposes to reserve more than €20bn for "activities where businesses set the agenda".
Martin Pigeon is a researcher at the Corporate Europe Observatory campaign group, in Brussels


text:
Convert RGB image to grayscale using CImg library
$ gcc -v
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5)
How said from the wiki:
for the above version is supported OpenMP 3.0.
I have already did some test as adding the follow code:
#pragma omp parallel for
for(int i=0;i<width;i++){
but naturally the result is wrong.
Then i tried using the ordered:
#pragma omp parallel for ordered
for(int i=0;i<width;i++){
for(int j=0;j<height;j++){
#pragma omp ordered
then work but I suppose that a similar use isn't the proper way for a well optimized multi-thread applications.
I'm already take a look at OpenMP v3.0 specification (pdf) but since is possible use differents approachs for the same issue and actually i don't understand sufficient well the flow of the code on a multithread applications I prefer ask here, on this way I can speed up the learning curve.


text:
National Youth Soccer Tour Stops in West Chester
Over 650 kids to take field in Kohl's US Youth Soccer American Cup
Follow Kohl's American Cup updates on the US Youth Soccer Facebook Page
FRISCO, Texas (June 9, 2014) – West Chester, Pa., will host the Kohl's US Youth Soccer American Cup, the largest recreational youth soccer tournament in the United States, at TSP Soccer Complex on June 14-15. The Under-9 through Under-18 boys and girls participating will bring together 60 teams for the annual Kohl's American Cup held in West Chester.
The Kohl's American Cup offers youth soccer players an opportunity to play in a high-quality tournament in a fun, family-like atmosphere. The program was started in 2000 as an avenue to highlight recreational soccer players and promote fair play. Players receive equal opportunities and benefits within their level of play, with an emphasis on participation, rather than competition.
The Kohl's American Cup Kid Zone will add even more excitement to the West Chester Kohl's American Cup. The Kid Zone comes complete with four brand new larger-than-life soccer inflatables and games and also includes numerous prizes and souvenirs for participants and their families.
This event is one of 45 Kohl's American Cup tournaments being held from March to December. All tournaments are open to players registered with a US Youth Soccer State Association recreational league.
For more information about West Chester United Soccer Club visit www.wcusc.org or contact Bob Mack, firstname.lastname@example.com or 610-246-4502. For more information on US Youth Soccer visit www.USYouthSoccer.org.
Event Information
West Chester United Soccer Club
Kohl's American Cup
June 14-15
8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
TSP Soccer Complex
1200 S. Westtown Road
West Chester PA 19382
For more information:
Local Contact: Bob Mack, email@example.com or 610-246-4502
US Youth Soccer Media Contact: Steve Prince, email@example.com or 800-4SOCCER


text:
Discussion in 'General Trek Discussion' started by Kes2370, Jul 10, 2011.
"The Expanse" - Enterprise
Oasis (ENT)
TOS - Is There in Truth No Beauty?
The Deadly Years
"A Private Little War" - TOS
"The Schizoid Man" - TNG
TOS - Spectre of the Gun
"The Corbomite Maneuver" - TOS Remastered
"Return to Tomorrow" - TOS
"The Cage" - TOS
"The Xindi" - Enterprise
The Cloud (VOY)
The Nth Degree.
One of my all-time favourites...
TOS - Day of the Dove
TOS - For the World Is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky
"Patterns of Force" - TOS
"Mudd's Women" - TOS Remastered
TOS - The Tholian Web
TOS - Plato's Stepchildren
Eye of the Needle (VOY)
The Conscience of the King (TOS)
Separate names with a comma.