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I'm pretty confused, I though Edo's were unable to bleed, as they just seem to turn to dust and regenerate again when they get hit, but then suddenly I realized, the 2nd Mizukage used blood to summon his clam :confused:
I'm so confused, do Edo's normally bleed ? Or was this just a one time thing ? :confused:

subset: commoncrawl


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The Fair: The Evergreen State Fair is already under way and runs through Labor Day, and we have plenty of info for you. Check our story here for highlights of the planned events. Read our story here for general fair information. And if you want to know about the entertainers, check here for the musical and other acts that are coming, including Bill Cosby.
British Export: The Beatles Tribute band will perform on Saturday night at Historic Everett Theatre. Get all the info in our story here.
Sea shanties: Hear the Shifty Sailors sing on Sunday at Fort Casey State Park on Whidbey Island. Events for all ages start at 1:30 p.m. and the music starts at 2 p.m. Get more info here. Discover Pass needed for parking.
Beach fun: The Beach Art Festival is 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturday at Cama Beach State Park. Show off your artistic skills by making a creation only with inanimate objects found on the beach. Get more info here. Discover Pass needed for parking. A number of other events are also planned at the park, as well as other local state parks, this weekend. Check out the list here.
Drink: Sample wine and spirits from 5 to 8 p.m. Saturday in Bothell. Tickets are $20 in advance. Get more info and tickets here.
Pow Wow: The Sauk-Suiattle Pow Wow is Friday to Sunday in Darrington. There will be drumming, a salmon bake and more. Get more info here.
Skateboarding: The Board Bash skateboard competition is noon to 3 p.m. on Saturday at Mill Creek Sports Park, 139.3 N. Creek Drive. Registration starts at 11 a.m. The event is free to participate. Riders as young as 6 can compete. Get more info and a registration form here.
On the stage: A number of plays are running this weekend. Check out our list here.


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Who's training your officers on vehicle-fire response?
When it comes to vehicle fires, police officers often rely on instinct and improvisation, despite the fact that they're usually first on scene of a collision
Dash-cam video can be a tremendous teacher, and not always in the most obvious way.
Last week, we saw the tremendous heroism of Officer Zac McDowell of the Urbandale (Iowa) Police Department, who rescued a man named Ian Waseskuk from a burning car.
Check out the video — which shows McDowell opening the passenger door, reaching in, grabbing the unconscious 18-year-old victim and dragging him from the burning vehicle — then pick up the rest of this column below.
Doughnuts at Church
Instinct, Improvisation, and Intrepidness
We can all agree that Officer Zac McDowell is worthy of our praise, admiration, respect, and thanks. I think we can also agree that Waseskuk, who was driving in circles, doing 'doughnuts' in a church parking lot when he crashed into an air conditioning unit, can use this video as a learning experience.
What I've learned from this video — and numerous others like it, such as this one, this one, and this one — is that when it comes to vehicle fires, America's intrepid police officers generally rely on instinct and improvisation.
Almost exactly one year ago, I wrote a brief column about dealing with a burning squad. Since then, I've had dozens of conversations with officers, trainers, and academy instructors on the subject of victim extraction from vehicles alight with fire.
I've been disappointed to discover that (so far) nobody has said car fires are part of their academy curriculum or in-service training (or anything else, for that matter). I'm sure such training programs exist, but my sense is that they're not particularly common.
This seems to me to be a bit of a gap, since cops are usually first on scene of a traffic collision.
Remembering the Rules of the Road
Last year, I referenced the excellent instruction of FireRescue1 Columnist Jason Poremba — a captain for a volunteer fire department in New York — and I'll do so again now, because his firefighters is equally valid here. Paraphrasing him somewhat, Poremba cautions that we consider:
• Positioning: Wind, leading fluids, exposure issues — how should we position our equipment and make the attack?
• Life Hazard: Occupants or no occupants — how aggressive do we really need to be?
• Type of Car: Airbags, struts, bumpers, tires, hatchbacks, magnesium blocks, two piece rims, green vehicles
• The Unknown: By virtue of the type of vehicle you're looking at, what is the likelihood of it containing fertilizer, propane tanks, gas containers, weapons, ammo, or other hazardous materials?
Poremba advises also to "assume every vehicle contains a BBQ tank and fertilizer," and to approach cars carefully from angles, avoiding direct lines of fire "from tires, bumpers, and hatchbacks containing struts."
These items, when in contact with continuous heat, have a history of failing. The exposure to heat will typically end up with some form of explosion that sends out a projectile toward approaching responders.
In addition, please remember one more thing: gravity.
The video below offers a great lesson which seems almost too obvious to mention, but even fire professionals have to get a reminder on it now and again...
Cars have wheels, and wheels tend to roll downhill, so be sure to position yourself and your vehicle with this simple Newtonian principle in mind.
In closing, I want to invite anyone who has a formalized training program for police officer response to vehicle fires to send me an email so that we can share that information with PoliceOne Members.
Stay safe my friends.


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Nicholas Sparks's All-Time Favorite Reads
The season for beach reads may be over, but take heart: a whole new crop of great reads for fall awaits on bookstore shelves. As the weather cools off, there's no better time to curl up on the couch and enjoy a lazy weekend filled with reading. From tell-all memoirs to theatrical fiction, we've rounded up a host of picks that are guaranteed page-turners.
Only open from sunset to sunrise, Le Cirque des Rêves (The Circus of Dreams) is unlike any circus you've ever seen. Featuring a stark color palette of white and black, it's where two magicians attempt to outdo one another each night. Fu
Kathryn Stockett's All-Time Favorite Reads


text: Awesome news...my friend called from his shop right after opening half an hour ago and told me that he got hold of a brand new Vintage Collection (VC105) Emperor's Royal Guard from one of the online assortments! If I want it it'll be $16, which is a little bit more than he normally charges me for brand new Vintage Collection figures but this is from an online case assortment and these last 12 figures are gonna be a lot harder to come by because nobody's going to be carrying them at retail. I think I'll bite. I don't mind having another Royal Guard.


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"To photograph an Asian wedding well, you need high quality, contemporary photography skills balanced by a good understanding of the complexities and details involved in an Asian wedding ceremony tied with a sympathetic feeling for family interactions and respect for Indian timing."
This is what Pixcellence does best, the majority of our work involves Asian wedding photos. We have gained a strong reputation for delivering high quality Asian wedding photography consistently for brides in London and across the UK. Our team delivers a mixture of the best of UK and Asian cultures. .
We have a modern, contemporary approach and our reportage style is perfect for capturing the visual splendour and significance of an Asian ceremony – without interrupting it! We believe that a wedding should be remembered as a meeting of two people and two families. Our skill is to capture the key moments, which requires detailed knowledge, anticipation, and tact.
Coverage For Different Wedding Events
Our work covers many different styles including: Hindu, Sikh and Muslim Wedding ceremonies and we provide our photographers in London, Coventry, Birmingham, Shropshire, and all around the UK. We also travel internationally to provide our services for destination weddings all around the globe. Our knowledge of the unique customs and traditions that we bring to our craft has attracted widespread acclaim. Our photographers can cover multiple days, including your Gaaye Holud, Sangeet, Mendhi, and Maiya marriage celebrations. We also photograph engagement parties and pre-wedding portrait shoots. For a personalized quote, please contact us for a full quotation and price list so we can check availability for your dates.
The Photographers
Asian ceremonies are often covered by two photographers, although this is not required (see our FAQ section to learn more) it does ensure high quality and reliable coverage over all venues and events, although it is possible to cover the main events with a single photographer. To see examples from some of our recent work please view our wedding gallery. Note: We can provide a female photographer, if this is required or preferred and we can also provide our second photographer for a limited amount of time, to cover the early part of the day when two photographers are often the best option with the bride and groom starting their events at different locations.
At Pixcellence, we offer the finest Asian wedding photography with a choice of the highest quality presentations options for your photos.
We offer several packages all of which have a selection of different options which can be customised to your requirements. We offer a wide range of wedding albums including digital storybooks, traditional overlay and simple 'old style' albums. In addition, we can provide all images on disk and DVD slideshows.
Some Tips On How How To Hire A Photographer
We have photographed at locations across the country from Bedfordshire & Luton, York, London and Birmingham to palaces in India.
A wedding celebration is a sacred and special occasion for everybody involved, especially for the bride and the groom. They want it to be the most memorable day of their life. Asian wedding events come with many rituals. Hiring well trained and experienced photographers is very important for couples to create the pictures of the culture that they cherish and allowing them to be free to enjoy their day.
Reception parties are often themed and it is important to communicate as much information as possible about the details of the function. We work with the organisers, the caterers, and other services such as the wedding planners to ensure everything runs smoothly. Pixcellence has extensive experience of multiple different venues and locations. We have covered all types of hotels from the local Hilton up to the Royal palaces. We are the preferred and recommended photographers for a range of venues across the UK. If you have not yet chosen your venue, then call and ask our advice – we would be happy to share our experience.
A couple must be very careful when they select their photographer who will be with them all through the day. An album package has a distinctive look and the photographs are all you will have to remember of your day in the coming years, so it's essential to have a specialist catch the magic. Even an experienced, traditional English wedding photographer would miss important details if they were not familiar with the different customs and timings of an Asian wedding. It's important that for the wedding photographer to have detailed experience of Asian wedding events and their customs and how to be able to deal with guests.
Some points to bear in mind:
- Make sure that the person you hire is a professional with some quality experience under their belt. The ability to think fast and deal with a fast changing situation could be crucial.
- Inquire about their experience and training, an experienced photographer will make a big difference to your day.
- Try to setup a meeting with your photographer prior to signing the written contract and spend some time looking over recent albums and work.
- Make sure that they have a backup plan (camera equipment etc) in case their main cameras fail at the important moments.
- Go over the services included, so everyone is clear what is being covered.
- Check that the venues you have chosen are known to the photographer. If you are visiting a park or have booked a special hotel as one of your venues, then discuss this in detail. The more you can share about your specific needs, the happier you will be.
The important thing that you need to determine prior to hiring a photographer or signing a contract is to make sure that they are familiar with the rituals of different ceremonies. Each wedding is different in one way or another. The photographer needs to be aware of such differences and should recognize the most significant rituals and moments so that he does not miss them.
Pixcellence use a mixture of reportage and contemporary styles when shooting an Asian wedding. Whether you prefer us to provide digital images or paper prints, colour, or black and white, the objective is to catch stylish images as the day unfolds, together with some spectacular bridal images and portraits of the couple which will form a terrific storybook including stunning and treasured memories of your special day.
We serve areas within London and Shropshire such as Shrewsbury. Visit our Contact page and give us a call to know more.


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C-Jam BluesDuke Ellington/arr. Bill Holman - Sierra Music Publications
C-Jam BluesDuke Ellington/arr. Bill Holman - Sierra Music Publications
Bill Holman grabs this iconic Ellington tune and runs with it. The arrangement, with its straight-ahead, driving swing, and tons of great background figures is yet another amazing example of Holman's extraordinary arranging skills. There's solo space for tenor saxophone and, of course, trumpet. There is no real need for any extra high trumpet playing here. The ensemble shout choruses alone are enough reason to put this chart in every jazz band library in the land. You will have a blast with this one!
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Frequently Asked Questions About Celiac Disease 09/30/2015This Celiac.com FAQ on celiac disease will guide you to all of the basic information you will need to know about the disease, its diagnosis, testing methods, a gluten-free diet, etc. Subscribe to Celiac.com's FREE weekly eNewsletter What are the major symptoms of celiac disease? Celiac Disease Symptoms What testing is available for celiac disease? Celiac Disease Screening Interpretation of Celiac Disease Blood Test Results Can I be tested even though I am eating gluten free? How long must gluten be taken for the serological tests to be meaningful? The Gluten-Free Diet 101 - A Beginner's Guide to Going Gluten-Free Is celiac inherited? Should my children be tested? Ten Facts About Celiac Disease Genetic Testing Is there a link between celiac and other autoimmune diseases? Celiac Disease Research: Associated Diseases and Disorders Is there a list of gluten foods to avoid? Unsafe Gluten-Free Food List (Unsafe Ingredients) Is there a list of gluten free foods? Safe Gluten-Free Food List (Safe Ingredients) Gluten-Free Alcoholic Beverages Distilled Spirits (Grain Alcohols) and Vinegar: Are they Gluten-Free? Where does gluten hide? Additional Things to Beware of to Maintain a 100% Gluten-Free Diet What if my doctor won't listen to me? An Open Letter to Skeptical Health Care Practitioners Gluten-Free recipes: Gluten-Free Recipes
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Spouse Now Having Reactions To Food Gah!
Skysmom03 replied to CaliSparrow's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithI believe a lot more people have it than they think, but because some have few to little 'noticeable' symptoms it isn't even considered! Some physicians, believe it or not, no very little about the disease or understand it!
Coming To Terms
Skysmom03 replied to Chase From ATL's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsYou can always try to call around about your situation and find out who would be willing to look into your situation and do the testing. Since you have no insurance, do you not qualify for any aid from the state? The only other option would be for you to go gluten free until you get a job again then reglutenize yourself and get tested. You have to take care of yourself mentally though do you can get your life back on track. Once you do that, everything will work itself out! If you can accept that this may be what you have, you can work from there and things will improve, but you have to stick with it. Without an official diagnosis, I personally would have a harder time sticking to it since no one has actually told me I have it. You have to make the decision from the beginning that you aren't going to do that until you can get tested. It should be easier if you see improvements with the diet....... Oh and I would start with gluten first.... If you start getting rid of soy and diary and gluten all st once. You won't know what is actually doing the trick!
Coming To Terms
Skysmom03 replied to Chase From ATL's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsFind a good doctor ( not necessarily someone you would just go too on the dour if the moment for the flu)!!! Tell him/her your concerns and symptoms and ask for a full celiac panel. Go from there. You are ahead of the game with the realization that food may be making you sick! I believe once you can accept that the rest will be a piece of cake. It will be difficult at first ( you are learning how to read labels doing research) but after a month or so it will be so much easier. Start out first with food you know have no gluten.... Salads, meats, rice, orators, fruits .... Ease yourself into products that are labeled'gluten free'.
Biopsy Result At Last. Help Understanding It!
Skysmom03 replied to designerstubble's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsOh and I forgot... At my sons first dr appt since his diagnosis ( he goes every three months because of his ADHD) he grew 3cm ( this was a month and a half after his celiac disease diagnosis) and his BMI had jump back to above normal. His BMI had started to drop in the prior year .... Even though he was gaining weight... And the celiac disease explains why!!) she was amazed at the difference a short period of time made in his growth!
Biopsy Result At Last. Help Understanding It!
Skysmom03 replied to designerstubble's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsOn the hubby, no he hasn't been back to that dr because he hasn't been having any trouble in that area. He's has gained weight and has had no pains or other bathroom issues. In fact, according to my husband, he hasn't had any D since he started the diet. He goes to his diabetic dr every three months ( or more often than that -- he has had T1D for 35 yrs) and he has had extensive blood work each time, and do far no levels of any kind have come back concerning. I don't think they check antibodies though. He has no stomach aches, no gas ( never points anymore in fact), no weird colored poop. He was told that he would heal ( it is obvious he has because he has gained weight he never gained before because he wasn't getting all the calories he needed because his food wasn't being absorbed in his intestines), but that it may be more than a year or more before he was completely healed. He is doing well--- I hope I haven't jinxed him now! My son- he doesn't look Celiac at all!!! It really was just a chance thing that we had him tested. I could of ignored Glenn's Dr and said 'he has no problems, he's fine', but I didn't. This past summer at his 9 yr physical we ( his ped and I )decided it would be best to check him. She totally agreed that he should be checked regardless of symptoms! She spoke of lymphomas and other problems that arise from untreated celiac, so we had no problems there. His antibody level came back a 25 ( a little above where they start to get concerned-- his GI said they begin to worry at anything over 19)so we were sent to a pediatric GI. He looked at him and said... No he doesn't look celiac. My son is solid not skinny at all. He said because he has some risk factors ( my husband, blonde hair, fair skin ... There would be a chance but he said only 10%). He said that some antibody test are not accurate so he did a more extensive test. This time his levels came back at 65. It was about a month and a half later - I don't know if he ate more gluteny items before that test or just because some time had past but regardless it wasn't a good sign. They scheduled the endoscopy for a week later. That went well. I was scared or course, but it needed to be done. His pediatric GI will not do an official diagnosis without the biopsy. I was no more scared than when he had his tonsils out!! Sure enough he had silent celiac sprue( no obvious symptoms with intestinal damage). As I said the doctor was surprised. He had partial atrophy. The doctor explained the villa like this ( which is probably because he is dealing with kids- adult drs probably font feel the need to explain it as well). The villa are like little fingers. Normal villa pick up the nutrients like fingers would and andorb them into your system. Skylar's villa were "chopped" off a little so they couldn't pick up the nutrients as easily- kind of like if you chopped half your fingers off-- it would be more difficult to pick up things. Basically after that that was it. We started the gluten free diet and we are due up for our first antibody test in February. He requested that his pedatrician do an antibody test every six months for now but said unless we were having issues he would see he wouldn't need to see him again. He has done really well on the diet. He is very concerned about eating things he shouldn't ( I think the drs said cancer one too many times to him). Every once in a while he will eat a snack at his after school program that he fist realize he could have ( like lays BBQ chips) but we talk about it and he now knows those things are off limits. He is 9 and is just learning about what he can and can't have... So there will be a learning curve. He had his Christmas party at school and he are very little ( the room mom told me this) because he was so uncertain about what he really could and couldn't have. This is a good thing I guess but it still made both of us feel bad... We did have things for him, but since I wasn't there to help he didn't want to take a chance. He is a trooper and has been really mature about it. Every once in a while he'll say. I miss burgers, zaxby's , etc. but then we talk about it and what could happen and he is fine! His symptoms-- he had no obvious ones- if he had stomach aches he didn't realize it ( he didn't know his stomach shouldn't feel that way) no stomach issues serious at least. But once we started the diet he was a bit more perky! We thought he was calming down because he was getting older. So there were symptoms just nothing we could see. There were a couple of other things though... He has ADHD( he's been on meds since he was 5) and he has asthma..., both of those things are symptoms/ side effects of celiac disease. And we recently found out that he has a possibly learning disability in reading ( another side effect) his overall iq is 118 but his reading comp and memory both scored a 92 ( 20 pt difference signals LD--- but the psy at his school doesn't diagnose with just that ( I work at a school and my psy looked at results and said that he does have one--- so right now we are just monitoring and understand that he will probably not be making A's in reading. So I find that interesting. It explains a lot possibly!! Overall both are fine, my advice to you is to insist on the testing. It is just a blood test. They shouldn't object if they really have an understanding of the disease and its genetic capacity. If they refuse, find another dr that will agree to it. Basically I would accept no. I would go in and insist upon it! I would say I want the test! It is your right to do that. You could always stoop to their level and threaten malpractice if something should happen to your child because they refused to give you a simple test. I know that sounds terrible but whatever you need to say to get those tests done. If that does work go to a pediatric GI ( if you can) and explain your situation. Surely they will test then. I would make sure it is a pediatrician or GI though. Not just some doctor that serves any person that comes off the street. Well book two is now complete! Please ignore all my mistakes. I too did this on my phone!! 😄 Any help at all I don't mind helping. My name is Marti and my email is email@example.com if you'd like to email instead. Either way is good for me.
Biopsy Result At Last. Help Understanding It!
Skysmom03 replied to designerstubble's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsHe is pretty good! It has been a year and a half since he was diagnosed. He is finally able to gain weight. He also has type 1 diabetes so we always thought that was part of the reason why he always hovered around 145lbs. Then in April of 11 he got really sick for a week. Throwing up and D. We thought it was a virus. It cleared up but then it struck again on Memorial Day weekend. At that point he was probably 130lbs ( he lost 20 lbs with first illness). This time there wasn't as much throwing up but he went to the bathroom about 20-30 times a day or more. He has every test in the book. He was even scheduled for colonoscopy when finally after three more weeks his diabetic doctor ( this was the lab he had the blood test for the GI doctor) called and said... It looks like it could be celiac. By this time he was down to probably 105lbs. We stopped weighing a week and a half prior when he was at 115. He couldn't eat anything and was basically trying just ensure. He didn't even have to take much insulin because he couldn't eat anything and when he would get low it was forever before it would come back up. We if course had to wait for the GI nurse to call but I had already done my research about celiac. When she called us finally he had pretty much begun to lose his voice. He explained his weight inability to eat anything and she spoke with the doctor and he agreed that he could start the diet. It was very scary... I'll tell you that. To this day I have never understood why they never put him in the hospital. It was terrible because I basically was watching him starve to death. Anyway. With in three days he was gaining weight and thd bathroom issues were 90% better! He had some symptoms ( minor bathroom issues he didn't think anything of, seizures with low blood sugars, and during the year prior terrible smelling gas) but nothing that he would ever go to the doctor about. His GI said he has probably had celiac for many many years! Now he follows a strict diet and weighs 185lbs! He sleeps all night long and doesn't feel as tired. Oh and we got my son (9)checked too at the advice of my husband's GI. And sure enough he has it too. He has about three years worth of damage according to the ped. GI. He had zero symptoms that were noticeable! Well that is enough of my book, but it is a detailed story!
Biopsy Result At Last. Help Understanding It!
Skysmom03 replied to designerstubble's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsBy the sound of it I would say you possibly did have total atrophy. My husband got really sick before they realized what his was. He got do sick they too went ahead and told him to start the diet. When they did his endoscopy two weeks later, he still have total atrophy. The doctor said it was one of the worst he had ever seen. I am not sure he could have lived another three days if he hasn't started the diet. Be thankful your doctors were sure enough to go ahead and let you begin the diet. Most wont suggest that, so they probably already knew the damage was extensive.
Skysmom03 replied to eleanorj's topic in Gluten-Free Recipes - Baking & Cooking TipsWe still use same pots and pans but you definitely got to get rid of the toaster!!
Need College Kitchen
Skysmom03 replied to patz16's topic in Celiac Disease - Teenagers & Young Adults OnlyThis is exactly why anyone who believes they or their children have this disease should get an endoscopy ( the only true way to determine whether or not you have full blown disease)! With a DX, you qualify for a section 504. Anything you need with regard to education and maintaining your health has to be served!
Where Can I Find Gluten Free Rice Krispies?
Skysmom03 replied to GFreeMO's topic in Gluten-Free Foods, Products, Shopping & MedicationsAre these 'real' rice krispie treats? If so, I've never seen them. My husband makes his own using gluten-free rice krispies and different flavored marshmallows. Cheap and makes more than what you would get on a box.
Thinking Whether To Go Grain Free?
Skysmom03 replied to adambryant's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithNo, Celiacs must follow a Gluten free diet for life. Even if they eat it and feel 'fine', they are still damaging their digestive systems. Gluten is toxic to a celiac!
Thinking Whether To Go Grain Free?
Skysmom03 replied to adambryant's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithNo people with celiac can have certain grains. The protein in the grain sets off an autoimmune reaction which can make them very sick. Long term exposure can even lead to different types of cancer and other diseases and possible even death. If you do go grain free you need to make sure you take a good vitamin to make up for vitamins lost from not eating grains.
Kids' Test Results
Skysmom03 replied to Ang724's topic in Celiac Disease - Pre-Diagnosis, Testing & SymptomsTests can vary too. We had my son tested for same reason. He had NO visible symptoms... Which really just men's none that were obvious to us ( because we live with him and we just thought he was doing 'normal' stuff. The ped tested him and his reading was 25. A month and a half later, the ped GI tested him at it was up to 67. Biopsy revealed about 3 years worth of damage to intestines. After 1 week of diet, we could see a Difference in personality. He even gained some weight ( he was already a healthy weight though) and gained 3 cm ( apparently a big deal at his age) in less than three months.
No Symptoms
Skysmom03 replied to Ang724's topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I personally think it will be easier for you to accept with a definite answer. Otherwise with out truly knowing, it may be too easy for you to cheat!
A Little Confused. Need Help
Skysmom03 replied to GFreeMO's topic in Gluten-Free Foods, Products, Shopping & MedicationsYep cat liter and cat and do food contain gluten . Wash your hands well!!


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Name (Age): Erik Reichenbach (27)
Tribe Designation: Bikal
Previous Season: Survivor: Micronesia 13th castaway voted out / 6th Jury Member / 5th place
Current Residence: Santa Clarita, Calif.
Occupation: Comic Book Artist
Personal Claim to Fame: Survivor: Micronesia
Inspiration in Life: My Dad and my girlfriend, Dana.
Hobbies: Drawing, running and traveling.
Pet Peeves: Quiet or opinion-less people.
3 Words to Describe You: Easy going, humorous and original.
If You Could Have 3 Things on The Island What Would They Be and Why? 1) Contacts So I can see. 2) Acrylic Paint To paint a masterpiece at tribal camp. 3) A deck of cards - to eliminate any boredom.
SURVIVOR Contestant You Are Most Like: Ozzy I am great at challenges too!
Reason for Being on SURVIVOR: To show everyone that I am really not dumb, and in actuality I am a smart, funny guy who just does things in a different way.
Why You Think Youll Survive SURVIVOR: Im physically strong and easily adapt to my surroundings.
Why You Think You Will Be the Sole SURVIVOR: I adapt to working with different personalities easily and I have enough of an understanding of the game to improvise if necessary.
Survivor Cast: Erik


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This entry was posted on Friday, March 29th, 2013 at 9:53 am and is filed under . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
2013 Buick Verano Turbo
Friday March 29th, 2013 at 9:33 AM
Posted by: aquadog


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Summaries of EU Legislation
Summaries of EU legislation: direct access to the main summaries page.
Accession to the WIPO Treaties
This decision promotes the community's accession to two treaties concluded in December 1996 under the aegis of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO): the Copyright treaty and the Performances and Phonograms treaty.
Council Decision of 16 March 2000, on the approval on behalf of the European Community of the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty [Not published in the Official Journal].
The Conventions of Paris (protection of industrial property) and Bern (protection of literary and artistic works) form the basis of the WIPO Treaties. Subsequent treaties extended the protection offered by taking account of technical developments and new fields of interest (e.g. the information society).
The WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT) and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) aim to update international protection of copyright and related rights in the Internet age, by supplementing the provisions of the Bern Convention to adapt them to the digital environment.
WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT)
According to the provisions of the Treaty, authors will enjoy legal protection for the distribution, commercial rental and communication to the public of their works on the network. Specific protection is also provided for technical operations and systems for identifying and managing works.
WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT)
This Treaty concerns related rights and improves the protection of artists/performers and producers of phonograms. They enjoy exclusive rights for the copying, distribution, commercial rental and making of their performances and phonograms available to the public via networks. They also have a right of remuneration for broadcasting and any other means of communication to the public for commercial purposes.
Accession of the Community
In the Decision, the Council approves the two WIPO Treaties on behalf of the Community and authorises the Commission to represent the Community at the meetings of the Assemblies referred to in the Treaties. The Commission may also negotiate in this context on the basis of briefs agreed beforehand by the Commission and the Council within the competent Council working party or at ad hoc meetings. For the first time, the Community as such may become party to WIPO Treaties in the field of copyright and neighbouring rights.
Entry into force of the Treaties
These Treaties will enter into force three months after 30 instruments of ratification or accession have been submitted to WIPO.
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text:
Airline demands to see employee's Facebook page
Air New Zealand has forced a sacked flight attendant to hand over copies of her Facebook pages and bank accounts to show what she was doing when she claimed sick leave.
Gina Kensington was dismissed after she took sick leave in March to look after her sister.
She took her case to the Employment Relations Authority, where Air NZ asked to see her Facebook pages and bank accounts for the two days concerned.
Ms Kensington argued she shouldn't have to hand over the details because Air New Zealand didn't have them when it sacked her and there was an expectation of privacy about personal and financial information.
However, the ERA agreed she should supply copies, saying the details could be relevant.
Ms Kensington was forced to hand over the information but the court has not yet made a decision on whether she was fairly sacked.
The Facebook and bank account demand is a step further than that of the case of Gisborne man Bruce Taiapa.
Mr Taiapa was sacked by his employer when he took sick leave for a week but was seen in a photo on Facebook at a school canoeing carnival in Rotorua.
The ERA ruled the sacking was justified because the employer had a reasonable suspicion he wasn't ill.
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Syphilis is a treatable, curable bacterial infection, when diagnosed promptly and treated with appropriate antibiotics. But you wait too long to test for and treat it, it can cause permanent damage to the heart and brain even after the infection is destroyed. Syphilis spreads during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It can also spread from a mother to her unborn baby — this is called congenital syphilis. Syphilis occurs mostly in those aged 20-39. It's characterized by sores, which usually show up within 21 days. Sores must be treated, or advanced stages of syphilis may occur.
Don't Wait! Get Tested Now
There are serious risks if you are infected with syphilis and don't get prompt treatment:
- Passing the STD along to a newborn (congenital syphilis)
- Stillbirth
- Higher chance of contracting HIV (2 to 5-fold increased risk)
- Damage to the internal organs (including heart and brain) if the disease is not treated
- Possible death
Syphilis is spread through anal, oral or genital contact and is treatable with antibiotics. However, once it's gone, it can return. So, regular follow-ups with your physician and ongoing testing will help maintain your recovery and your health. If you are sexually active with multiple partners or if there's a chance you've been sexually active with someone who has syphilis, please get STD testing. Read more facts about Syphilis from the CDC.
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text:
The delays are attributed to late completion of a bridge at National Boulevard, which set back construction of a bridge at Ballona Creek. Expo Chief Executive Richard Thorpe also cited complications involving sewer lines where the route crosses Jefferson Boulevard and La Brea Avenue. The addition of a third aerial station, and public controversy over pedestrian safety issues, have also dogged the project. The California Public Utilities Commission eventually required improvements to a pedestrian tunnel at one location and a pedestrian bridge at a second.
Expo officials say the project is still within its cost estimates, but the estimate delivered to the construction authority states that "there are still outstanding issues that could pose a significant risk to the budget."
The initial Expo Line segment, which roughly parallels Interstate 10, will share two stations with the existing Blue Line (7thStreet/Metro Center and Pico stations) before branching off to serve nineadditional station stops, terminating in Culver City. Weekday ridership isprojected at 27,000 by 2020.
Expansion west of Culver City to Santa Monica is currently undergoing environmental reviews, with debate ongoing over the exact route, as well as whether the extension should be at grade or in part a "subway to the sea."


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This fragment of what looks like skin, about 20mm long, was in chalk near Pitstone Quarry in the Chilterns. The photos are pretty awful I'm afraid (new camera, old photographer!), but you can just about see the scales/plates in the close-ups. Any suggestions please?
I really can't say anything for certain from the photographs, which as you suspect, are just not high enough quality.
It does look though, that this is an area of mineral growth, probably calcite, upon the Chalk surface, rather than fossilised skin. Calcite growth on Chalk is common. Fossilised skin is only found in rare and exceptional conditions as it is fragile and gets destroyed before preservation. No soft parts like skin have been found in Chalk. The Chalk was laid down in quite a deep sea in the Cretaceous period and even hard parts of vertebrates, especially terrestrial vertebrates, are rare in the Chalk.
Please email firstname.lastname@example.com if you would like to bring or post it in to the museum for examination to confirm the ID.
I hope this helps a bit!
Thanks Luanne. I'll clean it up a bit, have a closer look and see if I can take any clearer photos. Failling that perhaps I can bring it in for you to look at.
Thanks again
This is a good website, and has some pictures of calcite crystals in Chalk:
Hi John.
Only just noticed this post,
This i am certain is fossil shark cartilage with what looks like a few dermal denticals scattered about the surrounding chalk.
So you were not that far of the mark by thinking it was skin!
Thanks very much Keith. On closer examination I did find a couple of vertebrae as well, just to clinch it.
Kind regards,
Well its quite a find ... if it is ... maybe go back see if there is any more remains teeth Etc...
Hi John
Brett is quite right that its quite a find, its actually a very rare find as well, i hope you still have it after all this time, i also think its worth a return visit as its highly likely theres more where that came from.
Hello Keith,
Yes I've still got it; in fact I've got the matching surface, so I imagine that piece of chalk had not long fractured when I found it. I'll try to go back and look for more.
Thanks for your help
Hi John,
Just noticed this thread. As per Keith's and Brett's comments, Chalk shark remains of this sort, preserving the calcified cartilage, are scarce, and it would be very good to establish which species this is and how much of the body is present. The majority of Chalk sharks are known from teeth only, so potentially this could be an interesting or important specimen. Are there any teeth associated? (these could be very small).
Are you able to post some more pictures of the full specimen and counterpart?
If your specimen is from the Lower (Grey) Chalk, then the majority of known well-preserved skeletal material is from Synechodus & Heterodontus:
Best regards,
Hello Robert,
Thanks very much for your interest. Inspired by Keith and Brett's comments I did go back to Pitstone Quarry, where I found the original specimen, a couple of weeks ago but sadly couldn't find anything else.
The specimen I do have consists of the cartilage itself plus a scattering of small scales and a few vertebrae, but as far as I can see no teeth. I'll try to take some better pictures, and perhaps very gently explore the chalk around it in case there are any teeth or anything below the surface.
I'm not really a geologist but I think the specimen is in Upper rather than Lower Chalk (it certainly doesn't have the grey colour that I've seen on other sites in the area). I'll try to find a geological map and check.
Meanwhile thanks again.
Kind regards,
Hello Robert,
I've just taken these shots of both faces of the fossil. they're slightly clearer than my earlier ones but I'm not sure that they will tell you much more. To give an idea of scale, the cartilage is about 19 mm long and the vertebra about 3 mm, so pretty small. As you can see, the vertebra is very different in shape to those in the images of Synechodus and Heterodontus (more hourglass shaped and without the longitudinal ridges), but perhaps they vary from one part of the body to another? Anything you can tell me would be much appreciated.
Kind regards,
Hi John,
Thanks for posting the extra images.
The British Geological Survey have an excellent tool for investigating local geology:
It looks like the Pitstone area is in the Grey Chalk, but I may be looking at the wrong pit. Have a look and see what you think.
I agree that the vertebrae don't look much like Heterodontus, or Synechodus, so that appears to discount the more 'common' smaller Grey Chalk sharks (in terms of preserved cartilage). You can see from this page that there is variety in vertebrae form between different groups of shark, with only figure 6 looking similar to yours:
A shark this small could have some miniscule teeth and it is possible there are some teeth present amongst the microscopic debris. Do you have a microscope available to check this out?
Best regards,
Hello Robert,
Thanks very much for the information. The BGS geology tool is excellent and as nearly as I can tell the fossil came from the 'West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation and Zig Zag Chalk Formation (Undifferentiated)' (grid ref SP949150).
I've scanned the surface of the fossil under a microscope and can find a few placoid scales and various nondescript bit of brown cartilage but nothing I can recognize as teeth, so I might have a very gentle scratch about with a pin to see if there are any lurking below the surface.
Meanwhile thanks as ever for all your help.
Hi John,
Excellent work finding that tooth - I wonder if there are anymore?
My first thought is that this is Scyliorhinus (dogfish/cat shark) which would fit well with the small size and also the vertebrae form. There are a couple of examples with cartilage preserved here:
Would you mind if I added some of your images to the Chalk Fossils website (credited to you of course)?
Best regards,
Hello Robert,
Thanks for such a speedy response. As you say, the tooth looks very much like the Scyliorhinus on the Chalk Fossils website (congratulations on that by the way; since you introduced me to it I've spent many a happy hour and learnt a lot from it). You're welcome to use any of my images, though I'm sorry that the quality is so poor.
Now that I've got my eye in I can see the tips of at least two other teeth, but they're both poking through pieces of cartilage so I'm reluctant to dig them out. I'll keep looking though, because I keep spotting new features on this small piece of chalk that I'd not noticed before.
Best wishes,
hi i have or had a similar fossil from the brick pit Ockly in Keny an outline of fish with verterbra /scales/ etc .. on iron clay th fish is outlined in the clay ie the soft parts Its really an amazing find .... Maybe donate it too a museum ??? plus amazing close up of the tooth ,,...
PS look at the exellent shark tooth from chalk near your find .....posted here....
Hi John,
Interesting that the new teeth are poking through the cartilage. Could this mean that they are in life position? It would be great to see some close up shots of these.
It would probably be worthwhile to draw a circle (1cm diameter, on the Chalk matrix) with pencil around the first tooth you found, so that people who study this piece in the future don't overlook it.
We need to think about what species you have found. One of the values in finds like yours is that it can show the different forms/shapes of teeth that belong to a particular species and helps to confirm that they belong to a single species rather than multiple species.
Best regards,
Hi John,
Charlie Underwood, an expert in these matters, has kindly looked over the images. Response as follows:
'That is a nice lower jaw and tooth. It looks like Scyliorhinus brumarivulensis Underwood and Ward 2008 which is very common' [isolated teeth] 'in the Santonian-Campanian. There is a similar species in the Cenomanian' [need to check if that has a name]. 'There are 2 species ("S". dubius and "S". antiquus ) known from similar tooth scatters/bits of cartilage from the Cenomanian but this does not look like one of them (although a juvenile of female S. antiquus could possibly have teeth like that)'.
So, this could be the first recorded find of this type of scyliorhinid with associated teeth and cartilage and it certainly has some scientific interest. It would be great if this found its way to a museum one day.
Best regards,
Hello Robert,
Thanks very much for taking the time to get Charlie's expert opinion. It's wonderful to have a name to put to it, especially having the tooth and cartilage in association.
I'm afraid what I thought were teeth poking out of the cartilage proved to be just the tips of scales, but I'm very gingerly picking away to uncover more fragments of cartilage and may find more teeth in the process. I'll try to get better photos of all this, and then as you suggest will give some thought to passing it on to a museum.
Meanwhile thanks once again for all the time you've put into this.
Best wishes,
Hello Robert,
Just to say that I 've done some probing about, found a second tooth and taken some slightly better photos. The new tooth (in the middle of the first image) shows the two root lobes which seem to be a feature of Scyliorhinus brumarivulensis:
This one shows the first tooth, together with a vertebra (top right) and a scatter of scales below, including on the left (you'll need to zoom in) an odd doughnut-shaped body:
The final one I've just put in for scale:
As before, please feel free to use any of the images if you think they're suitable. Meanwhile I'll keep digging!
Best wishes,
Hi John,
It looks like you are making excellent progress with that very fiddly prep job. Very well done on finding the second tooth. I will hold off on getting anything online until the prep is finished, which may of course take a while as you seem to be working suitably slowly and respectfully on this. [It often helps to use a very small short-bristle water colour brush with a drop of water to 'brush' away the final dusting of matrix on small fiddly Chalk fossils like this]. Please keep us posted on progress.
Best regards,


text:
Earlier today I noted four pretty dismal YouTube videos all tagged with "Macworld, 2007." Most of them were short scenes showing off the Moscone Center in San Francisco, where the show is being held. None of them had any thrilling information, as the exhibition hall doesn't even open until tomorrow, but they had all been viewed upward of 20,000 times. And so, in the spirit of the times, here is what my friends and I cooked up while making fun of over-eager bloggers. Can't you feel the anticipation?
Steve Jobs makes his big announcement tomorrow morning at 9 am during his highly- anticipated keynote address at Macworld. Like any good Mac geek, I'll be there, blogging from the halls and keeping you all updated via a SugarLive! chat. But, as excited as I am, I'm still troubled by the insanity and speculation surrounding the big announcement. See you online bright and early so we can discuss all the sexiness and Mac frenzy.


text:
Pirates going with 11 pitchers on NLDS roster
By Tom Singer / MLB.com
ST. LOUIS -- The addition of two starting pitchers for the National League Division Series knocked catcher Tony Sanchez and outfielder Travis Snider off the Pirates' 25-man roster that will take on the St. Louis Cardinals.
The club announced its active roster prior to Thursday night's Game 1 of the NLDS at 5 p.m. ET at Busch Stadium.
A.J. Burnett, the starter in Game 1, and Charlie Morton, who is pencilled in to go in Game 4 if needed, were added to the roster after the Bucs had gone with a nine-man pitching staff in the NL Wild Card Game.
A breakdown of the Pirates' roster -- which will be subject to revision if the club advances to the NL Championship Series:
Rotation (4): Francisco Liriano, Gerrit Cole, Morton, Burnett.
Bullpen (7): Jeanmar Gomez, Vin Mazzaro, Bryan Morris, Justin Wilson, Tony Watson, Mark Melancon, Jason Grilli.
Catchers (2): Russell Martin, John Buck.
Infielders (8): Pedro Alvarez, Clint Barmes, Jordy Mercer, Neil Walker, Justin Morneau, Gaby Sanchez, Garrett Jones, Josh Harrison.
Outfielders (4): Starling Marte, Andrew McCutchen, Marlon Byrd, Jose Tabata
Summarizing the changes from the roster for the NL Wild Card Game:
• Off -- C Sanchez; OF Snider
• On -- RHPs Burnett and Morton
Tom Singer is a reporter for MLB.com and writes an MLBlog Change for a Nickel. He can also be found on Twitter @Tom_Singer. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


text:
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MEDIA RELEASE: Senate approves bill potentially opening abusive corporate tax shelters
Senate approves bill potentially opening abusive corporate tax shelters
HB 619 would curtail NC's ability to shut down tax dodgers, could cost the state tens to
hundreds of millions each year
HB 619 would curtail NC's ability to shut down tax dodgers, could cost the state tens to
hundreds of millions each year
RALEIGH (June 17, 2011) -- The Senate gave final approval yesterday to a bill that state tax policy analysts believe will leave the state more vulnerable to tax shelter abuse by multi-state corporations. This abuse could cost North Carolina tens to even hundreds of millions each year in revenue at a time when resources for vital public investments are scarce.
Under current laws, if there is evidence of multi-state corporations shifting income to avoid paying state taxes, North Carolina's Revenue Secretary has the authority to require in-state and out-of-state subsidiaries to file a joint tax return. This has the effect of canceling any income-shifting between corporate subsidiaries that are part of the same company.
The authority helps ensure that big out-of-state companies pay their fair share, thereby not placing locally-owned North Carolina businesses at a disadvantage.
The bill approved by the Senate last night, House Bill 619, would rewrite these rules. If this bill were to become law, the Revenue Secretary would only have the authority to require corporate subsidiaries to file a joint return if transactions between subsidiaries have no "reasonable business purposes" other than reducing the corporation's tax liability.
The likely impact of the new rules is that corporate tax accountants will simply restructure tax shelters to give them the appearance of reasonable business purposes despite the primary purpose being to reduce corporate taxes. The state of New York attempted for years to enforce similar rules against corporate tax avoidance, only to abandon the practice in 2007 in favor of comprehensive measures to close corporate tax shelters.
"Corporate tax dodgers cost North Carolina's vital public investments millions of dollars that could be invested in our state's future," said Edwin McLenaghan, a public policy analyst with the non-partisan NC Budget & Tax Center. "This bill would stack the deck against local businesses and starve the critical public structures we depend on."
According to testimony by the Department of Revenue before the House Finance committee today, a Senate-passed amendment to the bill would likely reduce revenues by more than $30 million per year. Neither the Department of Revenue nor the General Assembly's Fiscal Research Division have yet been able to estimate the likely costs of the bill's other provisions.
Even supporters of the bill seem to recognize that these new rules may have unintended consequences likely to increase corporate tax avoidance: bill sponsors in the Senate passed an amendment to delay implementation until next year while giving the Revenue Laws Study Committee additional time to analyze the impact of the legislation and recommend changes to reduce the likelihood of re-opening corporate tax shelters.
Rep. Deborah Ross (D-Wake) asserted in today's House Finance committee hearing, however, that the people of the state would be better served by studying the impact of the new rules before passing the bill into law.
After passing the House Finance committee on a party-line vote, the bill is now set to go to the floor of the House, which must vote twice on the bill before sending it to the Governor's desk.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT: Edwin McLenaghan, NC Budget & Tax Center,firstname.lastname@example.com, (919) 856-3192; Alexandra Forter Sirota, Director, NC Budget & Tax Center, firstname.lastname@example.com, (919) 861-1468; or (919) 801-0465; Jeff Shaw, Director of Communications, NC Justice Center, firstname.lastname@example.com, (919) 863-2402 (office) (503) 551.3615 (mobile).


text:
Remember Me
Daniel Andrew, Sr. was born sometime around 1749 in Pennsylvania, and he married Mary Hunter there before 1765. Sometime before 1775, they moved to North Carolina where their son Daniel Andrew, Jr. was born. Before 1813, they had moved to Kentucky where both Daniel Sr. and wife Mary died.
Some time after his son John Campbell Andrew was born in 1808 in Kentucky, Daniel Jr. moved on to Tennessee where both he and his wife Mary Ann Cooper died.
John Campbell Andrew must have remained back in Kentucky as both he and his wife died there. He married three times. His first wife was Elizabeth Black Cooper, and together they had a son named Asa Frethius Andrew in 1839 in Kentucky. Asa Frethius Andrew was married in Kentucky to Louisa A. Wells, where they had Mary Etta Andrew. They moved to Grayson County, Texas. sometime after 1880.


text: Does season 4 of enterprise have closure like DS9's finale had? I was thinking of watching enterprise but was curious if the show ends properly the same way DS9 ended. I recently watched voyager and the shows finale ended horribly IMO. Does enterprise end horribly as well or is it epic? Please no spoilers, I'm just wondering if the show ends properly with a proper finale.


text:
Discussion in 'Star Trek Movies I-X' started by Indysolo, Feb 16, 2012.
And yes, it's movie related!
Oh, my goodness. That was quite a time warp...
There are many reasons George Takei was my inspiration as an actor since childhood. This isn't one of them.
"By Grabthar's hammer...what a savings."
"Ahead full, Mr. Sulu. Remember to use the diamond lane."
I liked him better when he was shilling for monorails.
Haha, exactly what went through my mind, too.
Oh, my...
At least he's shilling for public transportation rather than the big box store in the Galaxy Quest example.
Still, not exactly his career's shining moment.
This commercial needed a sword.
Does his career have a shining moment except for playing Sulu?
Hiro's dad was pretty badass. Too bad "Heroes" wasn't after its first season.
I thought that when he's on Earth, he steals a helicopter.
I live in Milwaukee. I'll never ride the bus again without thinking of Sulu!
Takei was a member of the LA transit board - maybe during the time he did this spot, too - so his interest in public transport was genuine.
Separate names with a comma.


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REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is reported in up to 50% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Only a few systematic, large-scale studies have addressed the characteristics of RBD in PD. The aim of the present study is to assess the frequency of RBD in patients with PD and the association with PD characteristics.
We sent a questionnaire including items on sleep quality, sleep disorders, and PD characteristics and severity to the members of the national PD patients' organization in Switzerland. To assess and characterize RBD, we used a validated 10-item questionnaire (the RBD screening questionnaire, RBDSQ).
Four hundred seventeen PD patients returned the questionnaire, with RBD scores ≥ 6 in 172 patients. These patients had longer disease duration and lower activity of daily living scores, as well as more frequent nighttime awakenings and hallucinations than PD patients with RBDSQ scores < 6. Age, gender, sleep-wake disorders such as excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep apnea, and insomnia, as well as levodopa equivalent dose did not differ between the 2 groups. Patients with RBDSQ score ≥ 6 were more often treated with antidepressants.
We confirm a frequent (42.6%) history of RBD in PD. Probable RBD in PD is associated with more advanced disease as suggested by the longer disease duration and higher impairment of daily living. It is also linked to sleep fragmentation with significantly more nighttime awakenings and with hallucinations. Hallucinations might be linked to emotional disinhibition and probably to activation of limbic structures. Both sleep fragmentation and limbic activation might facilitate the occurrence of RBD in PD.
Poryazova R; Oberholzer M; Baumann CR; Bassetti CL. REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease: a questionnaire-based survey. J Clin Sleep Med 2013;9(1):55-59.
REM behavior disorder (RBD) in humans was first described by Schenck et al. in 1986.1 It is characterized by loss of normal muscle atonia during REM sleep, which leads to increased phasic motor activity and allows dream enactment behavior.2 Most patients report vivid, frightening dreams, leading to violent behavior, often resulting in injuries of patients or their bed partners.3 The prevalence of RBD reported in the general population is < 1%,4,5 whereas in neurodegenerative disorders, especially synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), a much higher frequency is found.6,7 It has been shown that PSG is the gold standard for the diagnosis of RBD, since only half of the patients are detected by history.8,9 RBD is reported in up to 47% of patients with PD, based on video-polysomnography (PSG),8 and REM sleep without atonia (RWA) in up to 58%.9 It has been suggested that RWA might represent a preclinical form of RBD associated with PD.9 Until now, several large questionnaire and interview-based studies have addressed RBD in PD, including numbers of 150 to 320 patients.10–14 In these studies the frequency varied from 27% to 54%, which is close to PSG-based reports.10–14 As RBD may precede the motor symptoms of neurodegenerative disorder by years,15–17 there have been multiple attempts to find a questionnaire-based diagnostic tool for RBD. Recently, the REM sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) was developed and validated in German.18 With a cutoff of 5 points, the questionnaire has a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 56% in subjects with sleep-wake disorders and of 92% in control subjects.18 A validation study of RBDSQ in 75 PD patients with a cutoff of the initially suggested 5 points yielded a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 63%.19 In another validation study of RBDSQ in PD patients, a cutoff of 6 points showed much higher sensitivity (84%) and specificity (96%).20
Current Knowledge/Study Rationale: RBD is very common in PD and there have been multiple attempts to find a questionnaire based diagnostic tool for RBD. For the first time we use a previously validated questionnaire tool assessment of RBD in a large, unselected sample of PD patients.
Study Impact: RBD in PD could be detected by a validated questionnaire tool in 42.6% of the patients, which is comparable to the frequency found in PSG-based studies. It was associated with more advanced disease, sleep fragmentation and hallucinations.
In a follow-up polysomnography (PSG) study we tested 10 PD patients with RBDSQ scores ≥ 10. All of them presented with RBD in PSG including RWA and pronounced behavioral peculiarities. We also tested 10 patients with RBDSQ scores ≤ 2. Among them, 5 patients had RWA and gross body jerks in PSG despite the low scores on RBDSQ (unpublished data).
For the first time we use a validated questionnaire tool in PD patients for assessment of RBD in a large, unselected sample of PD patients. The aim of the present study is to assess the frequency of RBD in patients with PD and the association with PD characteristics.
We sent a questionnaire on sleep-wake disorders and PD characteristics to the members of the national PD patients' organization in Switzerland. The questionnaire was attached to the monthly magazine of the organization. Members of the organization are not only patients with PD but also their caregivers and relatives as well as many physicians. A total of 6,000 surveys were sent, including the French and the Italian speaking parts of Switzerland but the questionnaire was provided only in German. We did not receive information on how many of the recipients are patients. Help of partners and caregivers was accepted but not required for completing the survey. Sleep habits, sleep quality, and sleep-wake disorders were assessed by 17 questions. The answers provide information on symptoms and signs suggestive of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), parasomnias, hallucinations, and insomnia. Possible answers include "yes" and "no" or provide a rating on a 5-point scale depending on the frequency of occurrence ("almost always," "often," "occasionally," "seldom," or "never"). As a screening question for restless legs symptoms, we included the single validated question as suggested from the International Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) Study group.21,22 EDS and RBD were addressed by validated questionnaires—the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)23 and RBDSQ. RBDSQ is a self-rating instrument, consisting of 10 yes-no questions. It assesses the frequency and content of dreams, and their relationship to nocturnal movements and behaviors, self-injuries and injuries of the bed-partner, nocturnal vocalization, sudden limb movements and complex movements during sleep, nocturnal awakenings, disturbed sleep in general, and the presence of neurological disorders. The RBDSQ can be found in Table S1. Values > 6 points are considered suggestive for RBD.20 The questionnaire also assessed PD characteristics, with 6 items gathering information on time of first symptoms, diagnosis and start of treatment, invasive treatment, and type of the PD.
All patients were treated by a general practitioner or a neurologist for Parkinson's disease. All patients allowed us to contact their physicians if confirmation of the diagnosis was needed. To judge the severity of PD, the Schwab and England activities of daily living (ADL) scale was used. The scale estimates a person's ability to perform daily activities in terms of speed and independence through a percentage figure, with 100% indicating total independence, falling to 0%, which indicates a state of complete dependence.24
All patients provided a list of their medications. Levodopa equivalent dose (LED) was calculated for each patient.25
The study was approved by the local ethics committee, and all patients signed an informed consent, which was attached to the questionnaire.
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15 software. Chi-square, t-tests, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze categorical and continuous variables, respectively. The variables, which were significantly different between patients with and without RBD in t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests, were subsequently entered in a binary logistic regression analysis. Significance level was set at p < 0.05.
Four hundred seventeen patients with PD returned the questionnaire. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment of the study population are presented in Table 1. Caregiver support for filling in the questionnaire was reported by 61% of the patients. Thirteen patients did not completely fill in the RBDSQ, and were excluded from further analysis. One hundred seventy-two of the remaining 404 patients (42.6%) had an RBDSQ score ≥ 6 (suggestive of probable RBD), and 232 patients had a score < 6. Clinical and demographic characteristics of the 2 groups are presented in Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population
(more ...)
Demographic and clinical characteristics of groups with and without probable RBD
According to t-tests/Mann-Whitney tests a number of variables were significantly different between patients with RBDSQ score ≥ 6 and < 6. However when these variables were entered in a binary logistic regression analysis, only disease duration, ADL score, nighttime awakenings, and hallucinations proved to be significantly different between the 2 groups. RBDSQ scores were equally distributed in men and women. Thirty-six patients reported sleepwalking; 22 of them had a score ≥ 6 on the RBDSQ.
Three hundred ninety-six patients were treated with dopaminergic agents: 129 were on levodopa monotherapy, and 49 on dopamine agonist monotherapy. Five patients received neither levodopa nor dopamine agonists; 2 patients were treated with deep brain stimulation; and 1 underwent stereotactic thalamothomy. Thirteen patients did not provide information on their therapy. In addition, 36 patients did not provide dopaminergic drugs doses. One hundred sixty three patients with RBDSQ ≥ 6 were treated with dopaminergic agents: 54 of them received levodopa, and 19 received dopamine agonists as monotherapy. The rest of the patients were treated with a combination of levodopa and a dopamine agonist. Dopamine agonist and levodopa equivalent doses (LED), as well as additional medications with possible influence on sleep-wake regulation are presented in Table 3. Levodopa and LED were higher in patients with history of RBD according to t-tests, yet after entering the data in binary logistic regression analysis, the results were no longer significant. Patients with RBDSQ ≥ 6 were treated more often with antidepressants, including tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs, as well as cholinesterase inhibitors. Only 13 patients (3 with no history of RBD) were treated with cholinesterase inhibitors.
Medications in groups with and without probable RBD
We used RBDSQ, recently validated in PD patients with a cutoff of 6 points,20 to identify patients with probable RBD in a large sample of PD patients. Nearly 43% of our patients had a RBDSQ score ≥ 6, suggestive of RBD, which is higher than the frequency reported in most previous history-based studies and close to PSG-based studies.10–13 Probable RBD in our patient population was associated with nighttime awakenings, hallucinations, longer disease duration, and lower ADL score. In disagreement with other studies, we did not find gender differences between the groups with and without suggested RBD.13,14 Patients with suggested RBD were more often treated with antidepressants, including tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs.
In comparison to previous history-based studies,11–13 our RBDSQ-based study revealed a higher prevalence of RBD in PD. The combination of items on dream characteristics, nocturnal behaviors, and sleep disturbance may yield a higher sensitivity than previously used methods. In RBDSQ, not only violent movements are addressed, but also gestures and complex movements. Such complex nonviolent motor behaviors were recently described in RBD patients.26 Including such movements in the score might have increased the sensitivity of the questionnaire. The frequency found in our study is closer to polysomnographic studies8,9,27 than to most history-based studies. Sixel-Döring et al. confirmed RBD polysomnographically in 46% of their sleep-disturbed PD patients.27 Interestingly, a similar frequency of RBD was reported by Ondo et al. (43%) based on only one question: acting out dreams.10 In this study, however, in 27% of the patients the answer to the question was not known, which might have led to underestimation of the patients with suggested RBD. Similarly, an even higher frequency of RBD in PD based on history (54%) was found by Yoritaka et al., who studied 150 patients.14
A male preponderance has been found not only in idiopathic RBD but also in RBD in PD patients13,14 in comparison to non-RBD PD patients. Seventy percent of our patients with suggested RBD were male, similar to other reports.8,12,13,28 Yet no such gender differences have been observed in non-RBD patients.13,14 In our study, 66% of the non-RBD patients were males; in other words, unlike previous reports we did not find a difference in the male/female ratio between the two groups. One possible explanation is the known slight male preponderance of PD. This finding might also be explained by the assessment of nonviolent behaviors in RBDSQ. Gender differences in dream content and dream enactment behaviors have been described. Whereas men experience both fear and anger in their dreams and have violent nocturnal behaviors, women experience mainly fear and do not act aggressively in their dreams.29 It is possible that patients with nonaggressive nocturnal behaviors receive less medical attention, which might lead to underestimation of RBD frequency in women. Similar to other studies, we did not find association with age13,30 or LED.12,14
As previously reported,12,27 our patients with probable RBD had longer disease duration and higher disease severity (as expressed by the ADL score), pointing to more advanced disease.
Tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs are known to aggravate RBD symptoms in both idiopathic and secondary cases of RBD.31 Our patients with probable RBD, consistent with previous reports, were treated more often with these drugs compared to patients with no history for RBD according to RBDSQ.
Patients with probable RBD more often reported concomitant sleep disorders such as nighttime awakenings and hallucinations. In agreement with a number of reports,11,13,14,32–34 we found a higher frequency of hallucinations in patients with probable RBD. This finding may have different explanations:
First, hallucinations and REM sleep disturbance may be attributed to midbrain lesions, as the substantia nigra pars reticulata projects to brainstem nuclei, regulating REM sleep and to limbic structures.35 Loss of normal muscle atonia may occur due to brainstem lesions, and emotional disinhibition in REM sleep may occur due to the activation of limbic structures.
Second, hallucinations have been linked to cognitive impairment. In PD, though, patients with visual hallucinations may present with, but also without dementia. Harding and Halliday showed that both groups had LB in limbic structures, in particular in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala.36 The main difference between the two groups was the absence of neocortical LB in the patients without dementia.36,37 Based on these findings, they suggested that visual hallucinations and cognitive impairment in PD are likely to have different underlying pathology.36
We are aware of the limitations of our study. As this was a postal survey, it is possible that the response rate was higher in PD patients with sleep disorders, thus the high frequency of RBD. On the other hand, previous studies have shown that RBD symptoms often remain undetected by history based tools. As noted in the introduction, we could polysomnographically confirm RBD in 10 PD patients with RBDSQ score ≥ 10; 5 out of 10 PD patients with RBDSQ score ≤ 2 had RWA on PSG and gross body jerks with no distinctive abnormal behavior, thus the frequency of RBD in PD may be even higher than suggested by our questionnaire-based findings.
Probable RBD in PD is associated with more advanced disease, as suggested by longer disease duration and higher impairment of daily living. It is also linked to sleep fragmentation (with patients with probable RBD reporting significantly more nighttime awakenings) and to hallucinations. Hallucinations might be linked to emotional disinhibition and to activation of limbic structures. Both sleep fragmentation and limbic activation might facilitate the occurrence of RBD in PD.
This was not an industry supported study. The authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
The authors thank Prof. H.P. Ludin and the national Parkinson's disease patients' organization in Switzerland (Parkinson Schweiz) who enabled us to perform this study. Work for this study was performed at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Eisensehr I, v Lindeiner H, Jäger M, Noachtar S, authors. REM sleep behavior disorder in sleep-disordered patients with versus without Parkinson's disease: is there a need for polysomnography? J Neurol Sci. 2001;186:7–11. [PubMed]
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Ondo WG, Dat Vuong K, Khan H, Atassi F, Kwak C, Jankovic J, authors. Daytime sleepiness and other sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 2001;57:1392–6. [PubMed]
Pacchetti C, Manni R, Zangaglia R, et al., authors. Relationship between hallucinations, delusions, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2005;20:1439–48. [PubMed]
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Schenck CH, Bundlie SR, Mahowald MW, authors. Delayed emergence of a parkinsonian disorder in 38% of 29 older men initially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Neurology. 1996;46:388–93. [PubMed]
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Stiasny-Kolster K, Mayer G, Schäfer S, Möller JC, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Oertel WH, authors. The REM sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire--a new diagnostic instrument. Mov Disord. 2007;22:2386–93. [PubMed]
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RBDSQ: (adapted from Stiasny-Kolster et al., 200718)


text:
At least 10 Regional Transportation District buses are displaying ads deemed by some as anti-Islamic and have drawn the ire of the Anti-Defamation League.
The ads were bought by the American Freedom Defense Initiative, which displayed similar ads in New York and Boston.
The ads read: "9,757 Deadly Islamic Attacks Since 9/11/01. It's Not Islamophobia, It's Islamorealism. This Ad Paid For By The American Freedom Defense Initiative."
Scott Levin, The Anti-Defamation League's Mountain States regional director said Wednesday the ads are "highly offensive and inflammatory. These advertisements stereotype an entire religion based on the actions of extremists," Levin said.
Still, the organization supports free speech guarantees embodied in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, Levin said. "ADL understands the best way to combat hate speech is with more speech, exposing hateful speech for its false content and innuendo, setting the record straight and promoting respect," Levin said.
RTD spokesman Scott Reed said the ads were purchased in late October and are scheduled to run for four weeks. The ads were reviewed by RTD's legal staff which found no legal grounds to reject them.
RTD does not condone or endorse the ad's message, Reed said. "It is important to know that the American Defense Initiative, not RTD, is responsible for the content of the ads," Reed said.
Transit agencies that have challenged the ads in court all have lost, Reed added.
Monte Whaley: 720-929-0907, firstname.lastname@example.com or twitter.com/montewhaley


text:
No Hidden Fees - No Credit Card Surcharges - Low Shipping Rates
Images shown may not be an exact representation of the actual product.You may contact us if you have questions about the exact specifications of this item.
Tubular magazine. Stainless steel Micro Groove barrel has hammer block safety. Black walnut checkered pistol grip stock with fluted comb and Mar Shield finish. Rubber buttpad, swivel studs and semi-buckhorn rear, ramp front sight with brass bead and Wide Scan Hood. Safety lock included.
The flagship of our Model 336 family, and one of the most popular hunting rifles in North America. Offered in 30-30 Win. and the hard-hitting 35 Remington, it embodies our dedication to dependability, pinpoint accuracy and good looks. A 20" barrel with Micro-Groove® rifling makes it exceptionally handy in the brush and deadly accurate. The American black walnut stock and fore-end are enhanced with fine-cut checkering and our tough Mar-Shield® finish. Its solid-top receiver is drilled and tapped for scope mounts. It also features adjustable sights. The Model 336SS is constructed primarily of stainless steel for awesome corrosion resistance and long-term durability.
Once we have a copy of their license, we can ship the gun to your local dealer, you then drop by their place, fill out the required paperwork/background check, and take the gun home. We can walk you thru the procedure and help you locate a qualified dealer- just call or email for more information.
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Impact Guns is the gun shop for all your shooting needs. We offer a wide selection of firearms, including: handguns, shotguns, rifles, ammunition, rifle scopes and optics, as well as collectible machine guns and other NFA/Class 3 guns. Impact also services the needs of law enforcement and military with our wide variety of tactical weapons and accessories. Shop online through our 256-bit Secure Sockets Layer encrypted online gun store 24 hours a day!


text: Cruise the seas in high style carrying this fresh Tory Burch tote. Crisp white leather with contrasting rich luggage trim and drawstring closure for the perfect nautical touch. Finished with double rolled leather handles, gold tone hardware and interior lined with open and zip pockets. Dimensions: 11"L x6 "W x14 "H; 5" drop handle. Shoulder strap drop 17"


text:
Indiegogo Campaign Doesn't Cut it for Unbuntu Edge
By Thomas Gryta
Canonical Ltd.'s effort to raise $32 million on Indiegogo to fund its Ubuntu-powered Edge smartphone fell far short of its goal.
Still, the crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo, which is backed by venture investors including Insight Venture Partners and Khosla Ventures, had an impressive $12.8 million haul, passing the previous Indiegogo record of $10.3 million for the Pebble Smart Watch.
As The Wall Street Journal's Ben Rooney put it last week, it's proof that you can be a winner and a loser at the same time.
Read the rest of this post on The Wall Street Journal's Digits blog.


text:
All quotes tagged Devise
(33 quotes found)
"The horror of wedlock, the most appalling, the most loathsome of all the bonds humankind has devised for its own discomfort and degradation."
"And be on they guard against the good and the just! They would fain crucify those who devise their own virtue - they hate the lonesome ones"
"It must be able to assist in devising the method of solution of problems and not merely solve them."
"We'll have to devise a way (to look at them). That's maybe the hardest thing about it is getting them enough work to look at them, but they're all doing special things that are making them stand out individually. We'll just have to see how they play."


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His carefully crafted guitar accompaniments are varied, inventive, and often surprisingly delicate. The reasons for Van Ronks impact remain loud and clear.Sing Out
Often regarded as the grand uncle of the Greenwich Village coffeehouse scene, the self-effacing Van Ronk [was] an engaging intellectual and voracious reader
. As the blues and folk boom bloomed into the 1960s, Van Ronk became part of an inner circle of musicians
including then up-and coming performers like Bob Dylan, Tom Paxton, Phil Ochs, Ramblin Jack Elliot, and Joni Mitchell.All Music Guide
In America's discovery and love affair with folk music, he played a very pivotal part in introducing many of us to the music of Afro-Americans that we just hadn't had on Top 40 before, much as the Weavers introduced us to folk music
. when you've got a [raspy] voice like that, what you're delivering is a lot more than just the melody and the lyrics. You're also delivering a history. And Dave, when he put his heart into a song, was able to bring us a whole lot of flavor and, you know, really lived it for us and gave us the opportunity to live it through him.Noel Paul Stookey on NPR
The folk music archives that form the wellspring of these Smithsonian recordings are truly incomparable. Encompassing a wide variety of styles, they reflect the heart, soul, and backbone of the American experience as well as indigenous music from around the world. Folkways' impeccable sound and documentation does these artists proud, setting their work off as the treasure it is.


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Beltran to open baseball academy
Youngsters will refine their skills while going to high school
For a teenager just starting out in organized baseball, the experience can be scary. And when he doesn't understand what the coaches are saying because he can't speak English, it can be positively chilling.
Carlos Beltran knows all about that because he experienced it first-hand when he was 18 years old in 1995. Raised in Puerto Rico and drafted by the Royals, Beltran remembered being intimidated because he did not speak English.
"If you don't know what the coaches are saying, it's a big adjustment," he said. "I remember everything was in English -- meetings, instruction, everything. For me to understand, I always waited to be the last one out on the field. I followed the other players, did what they were doing. I couldn't communicate. I couldn't understand."
His dream is to prevent that from happening to the next generation of Latin American players. And so, the Mets outfielder has funded the Carlos Beltran Baseball Academy, where youngsters will refine their skills while going to high school.
"English only," Beltran said. "All the classes will be in English. My experience and that of many other Puerto Rican players coming to the United States, you find a different culture. Knowing the language is important if you want to have a chance in the United States as a pro or in college. I want them to be prepared for what is ahead."
There was frustration for Beltran in those early days, but he never considered walking away from the game he loved. "All I cared about was playing baseball," he said. "I knew language would come. I wasn't afraid. For others, though, it could be a problem. To have a better opportunity, these kids need to be prepared and they need to know the language. You want to be able to take care of yourself. A lot of young guys are afraid to talk, afraid people will laugh at them."
Beltran found a solution to his problem in his own clubhouse.
"We had an outfielder, Ricky Pitts," he said. "He spoke English but not Spanish. We made a deal. I told him to teach me two or three words of English a day, words related to baseball, and I would teach him Spanish. It worked out for us."
They played together with the Gulf Coast Royals and then Pitts was cut. Beltran moved up through the Royals organization on the road to becoming one of baseball's top stars. When he made it to Majors in 1998 and the team played in Seattle, his old pal and English teacher would show up at Safeco Field to visit. "He'd say, `You made it, I'm so happy for you,'" Beltran said.
It was a reminder of Beltran's humble beginnings and how a couple of young players had helped each other.
Beltran was named the American League Rookie of the Year in 1999. He has blossomed into a full-fledged star as the only player in Major League history to record four straight seasons of 20 or more home runs, 100 or more runs scored, 100 or more RBIs and 30 or more stolen bases.
When he signed a $119 million free-agent contract with the Mets in 2005, Beltran began planning for the Academy. Ground was broken last November. Now the $19 million project, the cornerstone of his foundation, is scheduled to open in August with 180 students in grades 10 through 12.
Beltran's Academy is located in Florida, Puerto Rico, down the road from Manati, where the outfielder was raised and still lives in the offseason. It's a convenient location for the Academy's No. 1 baseball instructor -- an outfielder who went through hard times when he was their age and who doesn't want them to experience that.
This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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I had my pc lock up and end up in booting loops till I did a total system recovery after editing user profiles in XP media edition. I haded a limited prev. user profile, zonealarm pro does not operate in such a profile I think, it needs administrator prev., so it crashed.
Not ideal, security software should always run in limited user profile as well.
Product Name:ZoneAlarm Pro
Software Version:6.5