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Strongyle Egg Counts and Race Performance
- Oct 14, 2011
- Topics:
In the current study, the team found that the horses that finished in the top three positions were more likely to have a higher fecal egg count.
Photo: Anne M. Eberhardt/The Horse
Regardless of the method of choice, most equestrians have deworming down to a science. For years, horse owners have been told to control the amount of worms in their horses' bodies to keep them feeling and performing their best. But what effect do worms really have on equine performance? A team of researchers recently found that high strongyle egg counts in a population of Standardbred trotters didn't have as much of an association with racing performance as once thought.
"Subclinical parasitic infections are often assumed, by horse owners as well as veterinarians, to affect horses in various ways," explained Martin K. Nielsen, DVM, PhD, assistant professor in equine parasitology at the University of Kentucky's M.H. Gluck Equine Research Center. "Retarded growth and ill-thrift can be observed in young horses with heavy parasite burdens, but no observational studies have systematically investigated this in the field setting.
"Similarly, it appears to be widely assumed that parasites can cause poor performance in competition horses, but this is not supported by any published study," he continued. "In the equine racing in industry in particular, there is a tradition for frequent prophylactic anthelmintic treatments as a part of a general health care plan."
In their study Nielsen and colleagues employed 213 Standardbred trotters, ranging in age from two to six years, at six different Danish tracks. The horses (mares, stallions, and geldings) were cared for by 21 different licensed trainers and had been in training for at least three months. All of the participating trainers dewormed their horses three to four times annually, but none of the study horses had received anthelmintic treatment in at least 12 weeks prior to fecal samples being collected from their stalls. The team also reviewed all study horses' race records.
Upon reviewing the results of the study, the team found that:
- Strongyle fecal egg counts ranged from 0-3,500 eggs per gram, with the average count being 319 eggs per gram;
- There were no significant effects of gender, age, or trainer;
- A statistically significant association was found between finishing position and fecal egg counts; and
- Surprisingly, the horses that finished in the top three positions were more likely to have a higher fecal egg count.
"A large proportion of Danish Standardbred trotters were included in the study, and their race results were not negatively affected by strongyle fecal egg count levels," Nielsen concluded.
He cautioned, however, that it's important to consider that the horses in the study were all in good health: "Horses showing clinical signs of any disease would probably not be racing, so it can be argued that horses affected by their parasite burdens never became part of the data set."
Additionally, Nielsen noted that further research is needed to identify the role strongyles play in athletic horses' performance so a suitable anthelmintic treatment plan can be developed.
It is advisable to discuss any adjustment in deworming protocol with a veterinarian before implementing the change.
The study, "Strongyle egg counts in Standardbred trotters: Are they associated with race performance?" was published in the August issue of the Equine Veterinary Journal. The abstract is available online.
About the Author
Erica Larson, News Editor
Erica Larson, news editor, holds a degree in journalism with an external specialty in equine science from Michigan State University in East Lansing. A Massachusetts native, she grew up in the saddle and has dabbled in a variety of disciplines including foxhunting, saddle seat, and mounted games. Currently, Erica competes in eventing with her OTTB, Dorado.
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A crystal angel to watch over you; represents July's birthstone.
Ruby is the birthstone for July and represents the values of love, integrity and passion. This lovely crystal angel works equally well as a sun catcher or Christmas ornament. Hang it in your office or dorm room - it's especially beautiful when hanging in the window or in front of a light.Not boxed, instead it comes with a sheer organza gift bag.Recommended for indoor use.Woodstock Crystal Suncatchers - they do for light what our chimes do for sound. Click here for Crystal Suncatcher gift ideas

subset: commoncrawl


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SRQ462 - Building Cost Planning
Unit details
|2018 unit information
|Enrolment modes:
Not available from 2017
|Credit point(s):
|EFTSL value:
|Unit chair:
Roshani Palliyaguru
SRT351, SRE272 (students enrolled in S346, D364, D365)
|Incompatible with:
|Contact hours:
Trimester 2 - Campus: 1 x 2 hour class per week, 1 x 1 hour seminar per week.
Trimester 3 - Cloud (online): Learning experiences are via CloudDeakin. Students also have the option to attend half day seminars (8 hours in total) at the Waterfront (Geelong) campus scheduled throughout Trimester 3. Synchronous communication seminars (4 in total) will also be scheduled throughout Trimester 3. Dates will be confirmed in the unit site.
In SRQ462 students will methodically consider the principles of design economics applied to buildings and the role of cost planning during design development. They will learn the purpose of and apply techniques of cost planning and control. Learning and assessment activities in the unit will focus on the examination of the effect of design constraints and variables on total building costs, and the accuracy of different estimating approaches. Students will also develop an appreciation for life cycle costing and its importance in the assessment of environmental sustainability.
Preliminary estimate and budget 30%, group cost plan report 30%, examination 40%. To be eligible to obtain a pass in this unit students must achieve at least 40% in the examination.
Unit Fee Information
Click on the fee link below which describes you:


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I dont think i have posted here before...since iam kinda new here my nickname is Missy.I became a twilight fan last year when a friend got me into it.
I've started some fanfic & now i have started making some twilight stuff online.
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text:
48 comments:
- Anonymous said...
What year did it close down? I only went there when it was a squat and they held squat parties there.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:05
- Brockley Nick said...
90s. Not sure which year.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:09
- NAT said...
I remember Tom the barman telling his customers on closing night that they'd 'have to go back into the community'
- 28 November 2011 at 16:13
- Anonymous said...
I love the charabanc they are all sitting in - have a feeling the pub may have been the meeting point and this is not the actual clientel
Great find from Transportine
- 28 November 2011 at 16:25
- Anonymous said...
Another point for residentialization and another loss for community.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:26
- Moira said...
It was a great pub - and the weekly lock-ins sometimes until 7am were fun too although for some reason my memory fails as to the details.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:29
- Anonymous said...
Clearly taken during Movember
- 28 November 2011 at 16:38
- M-Z said...
Shut in '97 or '98 I think. Its passing hastened the demise of the already doomed row of shops on Upper Brockley Road.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:41
- Tamsin said...
Isn't it splendid! And I hope they had a lovely day wherever they were going.
It actually looks like they were joined by the Prince of Wales - the not very tall young man standing in the centre of the group next to the chap with a boater and walrus moustache.
- 28 November 2011 at 16:44
- Anonymous said...
Those were the days when you tell a persons station in life by the hat they wore.
Not like these days when every Tom, Dick and Harry seems to wear a baseball cap on backwards.
- 28 November 2011 at 17:32
- Ex. Teacher said...
I remember in the 80s after parents' evenings at the then Samuel Pepys' school in Sprules Road. The senior teachers used to drink in the Wickham Arms and the plebs across the road in the Wolsey.
- 28 November 2011 at 17:42
- Dave said...
98 i believe, mind the shops had long gone by then ( i live in the nicest of them!) on Sunday nights there was often a band who played the whole of sgt pepper end to end! Just before it closed there was a gangster movie filmed, sqeezing the last blood from the stone.
- 28 November 2011 at 18:43
- aunty kate said...
I got a job as a barmaid there in 1981. I only lasted one night. They wanted me to tip the overpoured dregs into the next pint of whatever beer. It was all too mortifying and I never went back to what could have been a fulfilling and illustrious career.
- 28 November 2011 at 19:56
- Matt-Z said...
Members of the legendary Sgt Pepper tribute band are still performing in the area.
- 28 November 2011 at 20:01
- Transpontine said...
@anonymous 'have a feeling the pub may have been the meeting point and this is not the actual clientele'
The guy who posted the picture at Dead Pubs is the son of the ex-landlord and landlady who apparently are in the middle of the photo. So probably was some of the people from the pub in their holiday best.
(incidentally I have posted a picture of the building as it is now, if you're not familiar with it)
- 28 November 2011 at 20:14
- Anonymous said...
Pubs need to find a way to survive in the 21st Century what with competition from supermarkets, off licences, different lifestyles, TV, healthier living, the smoking ban, changed in the pub business i.e. pub co's and chains, etc, etc...
It's a shame The Lord Wolsey didnt make it but The Wickham can..
- 29 November 2011 at 02:10
- Anonymous said...
Or even The Lord Wolseley...
- 29 November 2011 at 02:10
- Anonymous said...
changes in the pub business I mean...
- 29 November 2011 at 02:11
- Anonymous said...
And really high beer taxes...
- 29 November 2011 at 02:12
- Anonymous said...
I guess the Wickham will close soon unless it finds a new owner prepared to invest.
- 29 November 2011 at 02:32
- Tamsin said...
I ask in genuine ignorance and without the time to research it (or indeed the ability to research anything as complicated as tax with any degree of confidence) is beer bottles or cans in supermarkets and off licences taxed at the same level as beer in kegs in pubs and other establishments?
- 29 November 2011 at 09:08
- M-Z said...
There's an argument for increasing tax on off-sales and freezing or decreasing it for on-sales. Supporting pubs, getting round the 'cheap booze in supermarkets' issue and so on. It needn't be so drastic as to price people out of home drinking, but it would perhaps give the pub trade a little fillip.
- 29 November 2011 at 09:58
- Anonymous said...
1920s Brockley... Those were days. Before the Labour administration screwed it all up and turned Brockley into a 'neighborhood of a lesser God'.
- 29 November 2011 at 10:03
- Tamsin said...
@ M-Z That's sort of what I was thinking. Two birds with one stone. I wonder if there is one of those government petitions on the matter - the ones where if there's 100,000 signatures the matter is (probably) raised in the House of Commons.
- 29 November 2011 at 10:22
- Tamsin said...
M-Z I've had a look at the government site and there is a petiton already along these lines here with only 11 signatures so far.
- 29 November 2011 at 11:46
- NAT said...
Now up to 13. Nice one Tamsin, it isn't often you can cast a ballot without having to think about it.
Hope it's early in the petitions life and that we can at least double the figure today.
- 29 November 2011 at 12:10
- terrencetrentderby said...
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- 29 November 2011 at 12:38
- Brockley Dogging Society - Blog Police said...
Was that a poor attempt at irony or is terrence really a massive cock?
- 29 November 2011 at 12:40
- NAT said...
What did I miss?
- 29 November 2011 at 13:09
- Tressilliana said...
Pathetic racist comment, NAT.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:12
- Vance Pontiac said...
Beer in supermarkets is another one of those 'loss-leaders' but with the additional sinister intent of removing the competition (pubs). Similar to the infestation of our streets by Expresses and Locals etc., just to suppress alternatives. Wait till the number of outlets selling beer diminishes, then see how the supermarket price will rise.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:16
- Tamsin said...
@ NAT Well, one of them was me. A bit of a digression, but I don't know if you've ever signed one of the Avaaz petitions? They have the software set up to record on a rolling scroll each signature as it comes in with an identifying country flag. Fascinating to watch these flick over, makes you really feel connected to ordinary people in rest of the world. The good face of of globalisation.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:27
- Brockley Nick said...
I don't believe that the beer price differential is the key issue.
Instant coffee at home, made with your own kettle, costs pennies. Even decent fresh coffee made at home is relatively cheap. A cup of coffee at a coffee chain or independent cafe costs many times as much. Yet coffee shops are booming.
Because the value of your cup of coffee (or pint of beer) doesn't come from the volume of beer, it comes from other things:
1. Atmosphere
2. Service
3. Environment
4. Range
5. Quality
That's why people go to the pub. You will never be able to compete on price with stuff you can drink at home.
Unfortunately, too few pubs put enough effort in to these things. They focus on keeping their dwindling number of bar-flies happy and forget about the things that the much bigger number of customers want.
That is not to say that price is not important - but price is important relative to the value you get from your trip to the pub. A pint of bog standard lager in a crap pub is worth a lot less to me than the price of bog standard lager in a great pub. I would pay more to drink at home than to go to a crap pub.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:29
- Brockley Nick said...
Or to put it another way: The Wickham could add 10p to the price of a pint if they sorted the smell from the men's toilets out.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:30
- NAT said...
Tamsin, At the risk of sounding like a seial petitioner desperate for a fix, what is the Avaaz petition?
- 29 November 2011 at 13:32
- NAT said...
Conversely Nick if there were a greater margin in pub beer sales the licenced trade might attract a different type of manager.
Havn't met the new one at the Wickham but the other staff I have seem great.
Toilets still pong? Hadn't noticed TBH.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:46
- Brockley Nick said...
Agree that margins on sales in pubs are a problem. Think that's a different argument though.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:49
- Tamsin said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:53
- Tamsin said...
@ NAT These < people> . It was the petition for Tibet that I siged very late one night/early one morning and you could spot the time zones as the signatures flowed in at the rate of one or two a second - many more in Australia, the US and Canada, only a handful in Europe and Africa - but it did engender a moment of addional fellow feeling with someone else burning the later than midnight oil in Denmark, or wherever, over and above the sensation of being at one with scores of people world wide at that moment concerned about the same issue.
- 29 November 2011 at 13:55
- Vance said...
So the supermarkets are innocent bystanders? Or aggressive free marketeers unconcerned about the society they 'serve'?
- 29 November 2011 at 14:33
- Brockley Nick said...
@Vance - if that question is to me, then no, I am not making either of those claims. I am saying they (and off licenses, etc, etc) are largely irrelevant.
Cafe's don't sell coffee. Pubs don't sell booze. They sell experience.
Some pubs get that people's wants and preferences have changed in the last 40 years. They tend to be the ones that do very well. Others don't get that and tend not to do very well.
The fundamentals - community, excitement, atmosphere - haven't changed since George Orwell wrote the Moon Under Water, but we expect more than sticky floors, smelly toilets, warm lager, two types of wine, tacky decor, bad lighting, grumpy service and latent violence from a local pub these days.
- 29 November 2011 at 14:42
- Anonymous said...
I'm going down the pub.
- 29 November 2011 at 15:25
- Tom D. said...
The Lord Wolseley closed 9/4/99 (easter w/end!!) with a music experience provided by some of the many local musicians who used the place while I was there...followed by a 3 day party (just to use up the stock!!) In the approx 5 years I managed the place I met some of the best people ever...many of whom are still around, and had probably the best time in my life. I tried to keep it non racist, non judgemental, non sexist,a place where people could relax and be themselves. What happened in the Wolseley stayed in the Wolseley.. I hope!!! Many thanks to all concerned!! Tom D. (the last licensee of the LW.)
- 30 November 2011 at 12:16
- NAT said...
Thanks Tom. Its likes will not be seen again.
- 30 November 2011 at 12:27
- Tamsin said...
Still only 13 signatures on the differential tax petition. An inactive lot - regretting the demise of places like the Wolseley and doing very little about it.
- 30 November 2011 at 13:06
- NAT said...
C'mon everyone. 99,987 signatures needed to help keep pubs viable.
(Must be a one person project, CAMRA definitely not involved)
- 30 November 2011 at 13:13
- Tamsin said...
Now 99,986 - but I have e-mailed the link to CAMRA.
- 1 December 2011 at 09:35
- Sharon said...
This was my pub of childhood 72-84 i lived here:) i miss it sooo much:-( r.i.p uncle jim&auntie joan, the guv & landlady, just good memories:)
- 4 August 2012 at 17:45


text:
It looked like a pitchers duel right from the start as Chris Volstad and Lance Lynn were dealing right from the word go. Unfortunately for the Cubs, the defense was not on the same level as the pitching. A big fourth inning for the Cardinals, that was started by a Castro error (his first of two on the day) was the difference as they plated four runs, three earned to take a 4-0 lead. The Cubs battled well enough down the stretch but could not get a clutch hit to get back in the game. Chris Volstad pitched well enough but took the loss to fall to 0-1, and Lance Lynn turned in his second straight solid outing for his second win on the young season. Full recap after the jump.
After three scoreless innings the Cardinals got to work in the fourth. After a Matt Holliday ground out, oops not a ground out, it should have been a ground out but Castro didn't finish his throw and it sailed on him which pulled LaHair off the bag and the Cardinals were set to pounce. After a Beltran fly out Matt Carpenter got the first big hit of the inning lacing a line drop off the top of the right field wall just missing a two run homer. Holliday had to tread lightly on the base paths as he thought DeJesus might be able to make the grab, he didn't, and Holliday had to stop at third. Apparently scoring runs is contagious to this Cardinals team, after exploding for five runs yesterday in one inning the Cards were out to follow the same script today. Molina, Descalso, and Green followed with rapid fire hits which included a Descalso triple and just like that it was 4-0 Cardinals. Jon Jay capped the Cardinals scoring with a solo home run in the seventh inning, but all the Cardinals needed was the fourth inning binge.
The Cubs didn't go quietly, well sort of, more of a whimper than anything. The Cubs real shot came in the sixth inning which started promising with a lead-off walk from David DeJesus. Barney followed with a ground out that moved DeJesus to second, and Castro atoned for his error by smacking a base hit back up the box to get the Cubs on the board. Soriano followed with a looping single to center field, and Castro advanced to third on a great piece of base running to put the Cubs in business. J.C. Romero relieved Lance Lynn, and promptly put the Cubs out of business. Ian Stewart and Bryan LaHair couldn't get the bat on the ball against the tough lefty, so the Cubs had to settle for one run which is all they would get on the afternoon. A similar scenario took place in the 8th inning when the Cubs were able to get runners on 1st and 3rd with only one out, and much like the sixth inning the Cubs couldn't put the bat on the ball and their fate was sealed.
Born on Third's Thoughts:
Not really too upset with the outcome, the Cardinals are good, as much as it pains me to say that, they are. Very happy with a split at this point and a great opportunity to win the series tomorrow afternoon. As far as today goes it never really felt like the Cubs were in the game, not sure what it was as they were "in" it only being down by four with multiple baserunners, it just didn't seem like a win was in the Cards, see what I did there? Tough at bats from Stewart and LaHair against Romero. That's not an easy assignment, but I like that Sveum let Stewart and LaHair take those at bats, they are the starters they deserve to have a chance to make a difference in the game. Of course now that it failed, Jeff Baker would have been a much better option, just kidding. Looking forward to tomorrow, GO HAWKS – GO Cubs!
Castro's Errors
Byrd's Great Catch
Castro's RBI Single
Samardzija Joins the Fox Crew (and it assaulted by Garza)
Thanks for reading,
– George


text: Highland Hospital / Departments - Centers / Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery / daVinci® Robotic Surgery / FAQ Frequently Asked Questions Q. What are the benefits of da Vinci Surgery compared with traditional methods of surgery? A. Some of the major benefits experienced by surgeons using the da Vinci Surgical System over traditional approaches have been greater surgical precision, increased range of motion, improved dexterity, enhanced visualization and improved access. Benefits experienced by patients may include a shorter hospital stay, less pain, less risk of infection, less blood loss, fewer transfusions, less scarring, faster recovery and a quicker return to normal daily activities. None of these benefits can be guaranteed, as surgery is necessarily both patient- and procedure-specific. Q: Where is the da Vinci Surgical System being used now? A. Currently, the da Vinci Surgical System is being used in hundreds of locations worldwide, in major centers in the United States, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, India, Japan, the Netherlands, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Australia and Turkey. Q: Is da Vinci Surgery covered by insurance? A. da Vinci Surgery is categorized as robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery, so any insurance that covers minimally invasive surgery generally covers da Vinci Surgery. This is true for widely held insurance plans like Medicare. It is important to note that your coverage will depend on your plan and benefits package. For specifics regarding reimbursement for da Vinci Surgery, or if you have been denied coverage, please call the Reimbursement Hotline at 1-888-868-4647 ext. 3128. From outside the United States, please call 33-1-39-04-26-90. Q. Will the da Vinci Surgical System make the surgeon unnecessary? A. On the contrary, the da Vinci System enables surgeons to be more precise, advancing their technique and enhancing their capability in performing complex minimally invasive surgery. The System replicates the surgeon's movements in real time. It cannot be programmed, nor can it make decisions on its own to move in any way or perform any type of surgical maneuver without the surgeon's input. Q. Is a surgeon using the da Vinci Surgical System operating in "virtual reality"? A. Although seated at a console a few feet away from the patient, the surgeon views an actual image of the surgical field while operating in real-time, through tiny incisions, using miniaturized, wristed instruments. At no time does the surgeon see a virtual image or program/command the system to perform any maneuver on its own/outside of the surgeon's direct, real-time control. Q. While using the da Vinci Surgical System, can the surgeon feel anything inside the patient's chest or abdomen? A. The system relays some force feedback sensations from the operative field back to the surgeon throughout the procedure. This force feedback provides a substitute for tactile sensation and is augmented by the enhanced vision provided by the high-resolution 3D view. Q: What procedures have been performed using the da Vinci Surgical System? What additional procedures are possible? A. The da Vinci System is a robotic surgical platform designed to enable complex procedures of all types to be performed through 1-2 cm incisions or operating "ports." To date, tens of thousands of procedures including general, urologic, gynecologic, thoracoscopic, and thoracoscopically-assisted cardiotomy procedures have been performed using the da Vinci Surgical System. Q. Why is it called the da Vinci ® Surgical System? A. The product is called "da Vinci" in part because Leonardo da Vinci invented the first robot. He also used unparalleled anatomical accuracy and three-dimensional details to bring his masterpieces to life. The da Vinci Surgical System similarly provides physicians with such enhanced detail and precision that the System can simulate an open surgical environment while allowing operation through tiny incisions. While clinical studies support the effectiveness of the da Vinci ® System when used in minimally invasive surgery, individual results may vary. Surgery with the da Vinci ® Surgical System may not be appropriate for every individual. Always ask your doctor about all treatment options, as well as their risks and benefits. Content provided by Intuitive Surgical. For more information, please visit www.davincisurgery.com


text:
Supporting Mothers with Mammary Hypoplasia
Diana Cassar-Uhl
New York, USA
From: Leaven, Vol. 45 No. 2-3, 2009, pp. 4-14
In our quest to support breastfeeding mothers and their babies, we encounter few cases more tragic than those in which the mother prepares and plans to breastfeed her baby, practices optimal breastfeeding management, and has lots of support in the early postpartum days -- but never makes enough milk for her baby to thrive. Often, the mother is told by her baby's pediatrician that she needs to feed the baby artificially at once or risk serious trouble, and no one explores her milk shortage because the health care providers are focused on ensuring that the baby's nutritional status is adequate. The mother's self-esteem might suffer if she feels that her body "failed" her, and she may feel cheated of the breastfeeding relationship and nurturing she dreamed of sharing with her new baby. Worse, she may never get any answers as to why she was unable to provide enough milk for her baby. As time passes, she may wonder whether she should even attempt to breastfeed any other babies she might have.
While there can be many situations in which a mother's milk production seems insufficient to feed her baby, a large percentage of those can be resolved with effective breastfeeding management, support for normal breastfeeding behaviors (such as assuring the mother that a newborn needs to nurse often in the early weeks), and, in some cases, interventions until mother and baby master the learning curve that is sometimes present. However, in cases of hypoplasia, the mother has insufficient glandular tissue in her breasts; her "milk factory" is either missing key parts to its assembly line or is absent altogether. How can a mother determine if she does, in fact, have hypoplasia? Is breastfeeding totally impossible for this mother? What can we do to recognize, support, and encourage mothers who lack glandular tissue in their breasts?
Recognizing Hypoplasia
The unfortunate reality of hypoplasia is that, although it is often easy to recognize in hindsight, the first clue that a mother has insufficient glandular tissue is usually primary lactation failure; her body simply does not produce milk. Even when everything else is in place for a good start to breastfeeding, the milk does not "come in" or is not enough to sustain her baby. The Breastfeeding Answer Book cites a 1999 estimate that 1 in 1000 mothers experience primary lactation failure, which can be due to hypoplasia or other causes. However, with an increasing number of mothers becoming pregnant and delivering healthy babies who previously could not, thanks to assisted fertility and hormonal support, more cases of hypoplasia are being encountered. This increase has occurred because many conditions that underlie problems achieving and sustaining a pregnancy coexist with insufficient breast development. Some of these red-flag conditions may give a mother or her health care providers clues to a future lactation failure if they are aware of them early in pregnancy.
What are the visual markers of hypoplastic breasts? In a study of 34 mothers by Kathleen Huggins, et al. (2000), the researchers found a correlation between the following physical characteristics and lower milk output:
- widely spaced breasts (breasts are more than 1.5 inches apart)
- breast asymmetry (one breast is significantly larger than the other)
- presence of stretch marks on the breasts, in absence of breast growth, either during puberty or in pregnancy
- tubular breast shape ("empty sac" appearance)
Additional characteristics that may indicate hypoplasia are:
- disproportionately large or bulbous areolae
- absence of breast changes in pregnancy, postpartum, or both
Hypoplastic breasts may be small or large. It is breast shape, placement, and asymmetry that indicate hypoplasia -- not necessarily size. Normal-sized breasts that are lacking glandular tissue may be made up of fatty tissue that will sufficiently fill a bra cup.
Most of the existing medically documented literature on hypoplasia can be gleaned from the plastic surgery field, since women with hypoplasia, concerned with the appearance of their breasts, may seek surgical augmentation (implants) of their breasts. If these women go on to have babies and attempt to breastfeed them, we may mistakenly assume that the presence of breast implants has caused milk production issues, when in reality the cause is the absence of glandular tissue that preceded the augmentation surgery. If a mother presents with milk production issues and has had breast augmentation surgery, it may be helpful to inquire about the shape of her breasts before she received her implants. She may offer to share "before" photos, which can also provide some insight. An excellent resource for mothers who have breast implants can be found here: http://www.bfar.org/possible-augmentation.php.
Without a lactation expert seeing or palpating a mother's breasts during or before her pregnancy, it can be difficult to assess whether she may have trouble lactating. It is important to note that even mothers who display the above-mentioned physical characteristics of hypoplastic breasts could go on to produce a full milk supply for their babies; the only true indicator of whether a mother will not make enough milk is, unfortunately, insufficient milk despite proper breastfeeding management and breast stimulation in the early days and weeks. Additionally, breasts that look perfectly normal, even breasts that are large or pendulous, cannot be assessed for glandular tissue versus fatty breast tissue by visual measures alone; palpation of the breasts by a qualified and experienced health care professional may reveal more information.
Possible Causes and Contributing Factors of Hypoplasia
There is no conclusive information about exactly why some women do not develop breast tissue. A possible genetic component has been suggested by mothers who claim no one in their family was "able to" breastfeed her babies and by reports of similar breast appearance among female family members. Some published studies indicate that environmental contaminants may contribute to the increasing numbers of hypoplasia cases. We are exposed to contaminants that may bind to receptors in place of hormones; these contaminants, called endocrine disruptors, can affect bodily functions other than reproduction and lactation. These contaminants are most commonly found in pesticides and dioxins, which are the chemical byproducts of the manufacture and breakdown of chemicals and plastics that contain chlorine. The exposure to such endocrine disruptors, either in utero (while the mother was growing in her mother's body) or in childhood, may be responsible for insufficient breast development in puberty.
Some conditions may coexist with mammary hypoplasia. Luteal phase defect, which is characterized by inadequate progesterone during the luteal phase of a woman's menstrual cycle (after ovulation), is an under-diagnosed condition that can also be a red flag for insufficient glandular development. Progesterone levels should rise a bit after ovulation; then, if the woman becomes pregnant, the enormous increase in progesterone a mother's body has to produce to sustain the pregnancy is partially responsible for the breast changes and growth reported during early pregnancy. Therefore, a mother who required progesterone supplements to maintain her pregnancy may also be at risk for poor glandular development during that pregnancy, unless the progesterone supplements are kept up until the placenta produces enough progesterone to keep the pregnancy vital, that is, kept up throughout the first trimester. One published account attributes more successful lactation after a second pregnancy to a mother's use of supplemental progesterone for luteal phase defect throughout the first trimester.
While progesterone early in pregnancy helps prepare the breasts for lactation, for a mother's milk to come in, her progesterone level must drop precipitously, which normally occurs after the delivery of the placenta. This is why mothers who experience a retained placenta (which means that part of the placenta remains inside the uterus) often do not produce milk until after the placental tissue has been discovered and removed. Supplemental progesterone during the early postpartum weeks will interfere with lactogenesis.
Most mothers with luteal phase defect who go on to carry a pregnancy to term do not have significant difficulty lactating. However, the presence of luteal phase defect can be a warning that the mother and baby need to be closely monitored and supported in the early postpartum days and weeks, or can be another clue that completes the puzzle when assessing insufficient milk supply (or milk production) in hindsight.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS, also called Stein-Leventhal syndrome), which can have a similar impact on the endocrine system to that of type II diabetes, is a maternal condition that goes largely under-diagnosed but may be a red flag when considering breast composition. Although studies thus far have been inconclusive, some point to modest to marked improvements in lactation success in mothers who continued to use Metformin or Glucophage to regulate symptoms of PCOS during their pregnancies. Many mothers are wary of using medications during their pregnancies, but both of these interventions have been considered safe to use in pregnancy and can improve the chances for successful lactation. Giving the mother as much information as we can, and encouraging her to consult and dialogue with her endocrinologist and/or obstetrician-gynecologist as early as possible in pregnancy can be very beneficial.
Because PCOS is a syndrome and each woman will experience a set of markers or symptoms that are unique to her situation, the presence of PCOS alone cannot tell a mother whether she will make enough milk; in fact, it has been reported that one-third of mothers with PCOS actually experience oversupply, likely associated with the excessive prolactin production that is a marker for about 20 percent of mothers with PCOS. Knowing that a pregnant mother has PCOS is reason enough to encourage her to stay in close contact with her healthcare providers during the immediate postpartum days and weeks, so that any breastfeeding issues can be detected and managed early.
Assisting Mothers Who May Have Hypoplasia
Why is optimal breastfeeding management so vital to mothers at risk for hypoplasia?
As we are well aware, many factors can be "bumps in the road" for all mothers and babies as they work to establish their breastfeeding relationships. Complications or interventions in the birth process, hospital policies that do not preserve mother-baby togetherness, anatomical irregularities in the baby (such as tongue tie or other structural abnormalities in the baby's mouth), or simple lack of awareness of how "normal" breastfed babies should behave can all contribute to difficulties in establishing a mother's milk supply or in a baby transferring adequate amounts of milk from the breast. These factors, taken individually, are almost always overcome with support and information, but when compounded with hypoplasia, they can have a very significant negative impact on how much milk a mother will ultimately produce for her baby.
By offering information and support for optimal breastfeeding management--baby is fed on demand, mother and baby are comfortably positioned, the new family understands feeding cues and normal frequency of the need to feed in the early days and weeks, baby's behavior and diaper output are being assessed, and the baby's weight gain is satisfactory -- we can be ready to assist if there doesn't seem to be enough milk. We can help the mother ascertain whether her milk supply issue is real or perceived. Many mothers have felt that their milk production was inadequate because their babies wanted to "nurse all the time," because their breasts didn't get engorged, or because according to a pediatrician the baby gained weight slowly. We can help a mother recognize the difference between perceived and actual milk production issues if we are part of supporting good breastfeeding management.
As we support mothers, we may face an ethical dilemma when we encounter a mother, perhaps during her pregnancy, whose breastfeeding history or appearance raises red flags for possible hypoplasia. We may struggle with how, or even whether, to tell a mother that breastfeeding may be difficult for her or may take some extra work to get established. While we feel ethically bound to share any information we have, we never want to discourage a mother from breastfeeding before the baby is even born. Also, we remember that milk production issues caused by insufficient glandular tissue cannot be confirmed until there is an actual failure to produce enough milk. We can speculate, but even previous lactation failure is not a guarantee of future inability to bring in a milk supply, as multiparous mothers (mothers who have given birth two or more times) are highly likely to produce more milk after subsequent pregnancies than they did for their first baby, especially if they worked very hard to encourage lactation in the past, by pumping, using galactagogues (substances that can increase milk production), or taking other measures when things got off to a rocky start.
Do mothers want information about potential milk production difficulties? The answer to this question, according to an informal poll conducted among the members of the online community Mothers Overcoming Breastfeeding Issues (MOBI), is a resounding yes. Mothers definitely want, if at all possible, to be emotionally and logistically prepared for any difficulties they might have with breastfeeding before they are faced with that reality. A key point to remember is that we provide, offer, and share information in a manner that does not cause fear. Spending adequate time, providing research-based reasons for our caution, and reminding a mother that there is always the chance her breastfeeding experience will be completely normal are all tactics we can use when sharing information.
Developing a Breastfeeding Plan
There are many benefits to telling a mother that she may have lactation difficulties as a result of possible glandular insufficiency in her breasts. As mentioned before, some medical and pharmacological interventions could help maximize a mother's milk-making potential during pregnancy. While we seldom connect with such a mother before she gets pregnant the first time, a mother who experienced milk supply issues with her first baby may come to us for answers and a plan for how to make things different the next time around. A well-informed mother can collaborate with her health care provider, prenatally and after the birth, about appropriate measures to maximize her milk-making potential. Emphasizing the need to have the best possible birth scenario and lots of support for breastfeeding in the early days fits within La Leche League's philosophy and is especially vital for those who may experience milk production issues. Being aware of the possibility that she might not be able to bring in a full milk supply can help a mother prepare and set reasonable expectations. We can help her make plans by letting her know the options for supplementation, the methods and importance of nurturing her baby at the breast, the pumping protocols to increase breast stimulation, and the pharmacological or herbal galactagogues. With this information, the mother can prearrange the support she will need to optimize her experience in the postpartum period, which is often complicated enough without feeding issues to manage as well.
It may surprise mothers when we speak of "breastfeeding" and "lactation" as the separate concepts they are. Our society often uses the terms interchangeably and makes no distinction between the baby who feeds at the breast and the baby who receives breast milk from a bottle or other vessel. Many mothers with hypoplasia may feel as if they have lost everything if they will not be able to bring in a full milk supply, but all is not lost. The use of an at-breast supplementer can enable a mother to truly breastfeed her baby, whether she produces some or none of what her baby requires nutritionally. With these devices, which are essentially small storage vessels worn around the mother's neck and connected to a thin tube that is taped beside her nipple, the baby learns to seek nourishment from his mother's breast receiving all of what the mother is producing at each feeding, and continues to stimulate her breasts to make milk. Once a mother becomes skilled at using a nursing supplementer, she can go about her days as any breastfeeding mother does, leave her house, breastfeed her baby wherever they go together, and have a largely normal breastfeeding experience. She and her baby will benefit from any lactation she can accomplish. When deciding which supplementer might be the best fit for a particular mother, two online resources offer helpful comparisons between the two commercially available devices: http://www.lowmilksupply.org/abs.shtml and http://www.fourfriends.com/abrw/Darillyn%27s/supplementers.htm
Milk Donations
LLLI Policy and Standing Rules Notebook http://www.llli.org/leaderpages/PSRm.html#14
La Leche League International fully supports the use of human milk for babies. The first priority of LLLI is to help mothers breastfeed their babies. Babies benefit from human milk donated by other mothers when their own mother's milk is unavailable.
When a mother contacts a Leader seeking donated human milk, the Leader shall respond with information and support. This shall include information about induced lactation and/or relactation. The Leader shall also suggest the mother dialogue with an appropriate, licensed health care provider and contact a licensed human milk bank or other regulated and medically supervised human milk collection center. The Leader shall inform any mother interested in using donated human milk for her baby, whether on an occasional or on a long term basis, of the documented risks and benefits connected with this form of infant feeding.
If a mother is interested in donating her milk, a Leader shall provide contact information for licensed human milk banks or other regulated and medically supervised collection centers. A Leader shall not ever pressure a mother to donate or to continue donating her breastmilk. A Leader shall maintain confidentiality of mothers' information entrusted to her (relating to any potential donor or potential recipient). A Leader shall remind a potential donor mother that her own baby has a natural priority to her milk. A Leader shall inform a potential donor that: 1) the donor may request complete information from the milk bank or collection center about how her milk will be used; 2) the donor may inquire if she may restrict how her milk will be used; 3) she may make her decision about donation in the light of the information she receives from the milk bank or collection center.
A Leader shall not ever suggest an informal milk-donation arrangement, including wet-nursing or cross-nursing. If a mother wishes to discuss these options, the Leader's role is to provide information about the risks and benefits so that the mother can make her own informed decision based on her situation.
(Aug 76; rev Oct 92, Mar 07)
When we're discussing at-breast supplementers, mothers may ask what to put in the vessel. Artificial baby milks may be one solution for this purpose: to provide adequate nutrition to babies whose mothers are unable to feed them or who can provide only some of what they need. Many mothers will not think twice about supplementing with these artificial milks once they have come to terms with being unable to exclusively breastfeed. On the other hand, many mothers do not want their babies to be fed anything other than human milk. Those mothers may ask you for information or advice on finding other lactating women who can serve as donors. La Leche League has a formal statement on Leaders' roles concerning milk-sharing questions (see sidebar). Please refer to the full text of the LLLI policy on this page. It is extremely important to remember that under no circumstances should a Leader attempt to connect mothers with milk to donate with families in need of human milk donations.
Of course, helping a mother maximize her own milk production is a worthwhile endeavor. First and foremost, we can support optimal breastfeeding management and mother-baby togetherness as the best ways increase milk production. Secondly, we can keep in mind that no amount of extra stimulation can fully compensate for the lack of glandular tissue. Breast compressions can be useful for the mother who has some milk but not always enough to keep her baby interested. Compressing the breast tissue around the nipple to provide a "shot" of milk to the suckling baby can remind him to keep working to feed. Frequent use of a hospital-grade breast pump in the early weeks, especially if supplements are given from bottles or other devices that do not stimulate the breasts, can also make a significant difference in how much milk a mother will ultimately make. While La Leche League Leaders cannot prescribe or recommend pharmacological or herbal galactagogues, we can provide information about them to mothers, which they can take back to their health care providers to discuss as part of their plan to maximize lactation.
Hypoplasia can be a heartbreaking discovery for a mother and those who are supporting her efforts to breastfeed, but it does not necessarily mean the end of the breastfeeding relationship. With medical and emotional support and accurate information, mothers with hypoplasia can breastfeed their babies. We as La Leche League Leaders can reassure a mother that nurturing her baby at the breast carries benefits beyond the milk itself. We can remind a mother that her presence is as vital to her baby as her milk, and we can assist her in developing a breastfeeding and supplementing plan that is feasible for her. We can encourage a mother above all else to enjoy her baby and celebrate every drop of milk she is able to produce for him.
Bodley,V. and Powers, D. Patient with insufficient glandular tissue experience milk supply increase attributed to progesterone treatment for luteal phase defect. Journal of Human Lactation 1999; 15(4):339-43.
Fenton, S., Hamm, J., Birnbaum, L. et al. Persistent abnormalities in the rat mammary gland following gestational and lactational exposure to 2, 3, 7, 8,-tetrochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Toxicological Sciences 2002; 67(1):63-74.
Gladen, B. and Rogan, W. DDE and shortened duration of lactation in a northern Mexican town. American Journal of Public Health 1995; (85):504-8.
Glueck, C., Wang, P., Glodenberg, N. et al. Pregnancy loss, polycystic ovary syndrome, thrombophilia, hypofibrinolysis, enoxaparin, metformin. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 2004 Oct; 10(4):323-34.
Huggins, K., Petok, E., Mireles, O. Markers of lactation insufficiency: a study of 34 mothers. Current Issues in Clinical Lactation 2000; 25-35
(The URL for this study, which contains the most significant research on hypoplasia, is here: http://www.sonic.net/~mollyf/igt/)
Markey, C., Rubin, B., Soto, A. et al. Endocrine disruptors: from Wingspread to environmental developmental biology. Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2003; 83:235-244.
Riordan, J. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation, Third Edition. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2005.
Vanky, E., Salvesen, K., Heimstad, R. et al. Metformin reduces pregnancy complications without affecting androgen levels in pregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome women: results of a randomized study. Human Reproduction 2004 Aug; 19(8):1734-40.
Vorderstrasse, B., Fenton, S., Bohn, A. et al. A novel effect of dioxin: Exposure during pregnancy severely impairs mammary gland differentiation. Toxicological Sciences 2004; 78(2):248-57.
West, D., Marasco, L. The Breastfeeding Mother's Guide to Making More Milk. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.
Online Resources
Mothers Overcoming Breastfeeding Issues - outstanding resource for mothers who are grieving breastfeeding experiences that didn't go as expected or planned
Web page with good summary of breast size and breastfeeding.


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Interested in Language
what is the meaning of 'as funny as a four-car garage'?
In the video SNL Spoof MSNBC Debate Coverage, a guy (sorry don't know who he is supposed to be) is describing how it was difficult for President Obama to speak in the first presidential debate which was held in Colorado because of 'altitude poisoning' and that because Obama comes from a place 'below the sea level', this place which is a mile above sea level is like being 'flown two miles straight into the air and then having to give a speech in the outer space' for him. Then the person in the studio says - 'haha, outer space, that is funny as a four-car garage'.
Thank you
Last edited by Olympian; 12-Nov-2012 at 16:02. Reason: Added link to video
I think it probably means it's not funny at all.
I'm not a teacher of English, but I have spoken it for (almost) all of my life....
The video is a skit about a recent presidential debate.
Mitt Romney has a four-car garage that he wants to put lifts (elevators) in to.
Most voters wouldn't be impressed with this.
For Romney, a Four-Car Garage With Its Own Elevator - NYTimes.com
@Raymott, thank you. I understand now. Also thanks for the NYT link.


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This is going to be a fun thread after the game...
Welp, good season
So let me get this straight....you pull Homer after 73 pitches when he is cruising and has given up 1 hit yet you leave in Latos in after 75 pitches with the bases loaded when he is in the middle of a meltdown that would make Chernobyl proud?
Only for the BAKER HATERS
Keep on piling on, have a field day. Fire the manager that took you to the playoffs twice in three years.
Don't let Dusty get to the clubhouse fire him before he leaves the dugout. Tired of his crap he left Leake off the roster and kept the likes of Cairo and Simon. Leake can do alot more for the team than both those 2 combined. Plus I for one am getting tired of BP his show boat bare hand running extra bases when not needed bullcrap needs to stop look up to someone like Larkin and play like him.
Let the kids play!
Walt has a lot of blame in this too. This team is woeful scoring runs and he did nothing to address it. He gave us the worst bench in baseball. Also, I think our crack medical staff needs their walking papers.
Yes that was a very impressive infield single. I thought for a second it was leaving the yard. - texasdave 10/13/12
Why wait till 2 are in and 2 more on before you start warming someone up in a close out game?
Last edited by LexRedsFan; 10-11-2012 at 04:16 PM.
Great call Dusty!!! LOL!!!
Yes that was a very impressive infield single. I thought for a second it was leaving the yard. - texasdave 10/13/12
I harped on this all year............First off, This playoff series was lost before the trade deadline when Walt & Co did nothing to address the offense. They knew we needed offensive help, especially left handed hitters, but went on the cheap and wouldn't spend any more. Either you are all in, or you are not. I guess they weren't. Chances like this to go all the way don't come often. This may have been be our ONLY shot with the Votto's, Phillips, etc. You don't know what the next years will bring; injuries, poor performances, etc. This was our year. We were here, but Walt & Co FAILED to get us what we needed to get us over the top. I put 100% of the blame on Walt and Co.
I did question Dusty's lineups and some of his decisions, but in Dusty's defense, he could only play the players he was given. I said earlier this year we would go down in the first round of the playoffs because of the offensive problems.
This is a more dissapointing ending than 2010.
I just never expected it to go down like this.
But seriously. If Votto doesn't tear up his knee TWICE, and Cueto actually THROWS the GD ball (preferably at Pagan's head), we're probably not having this conversation.
Question I have is: is Votto going to return to form next year, or is the knee always going to be a problem?
Last edited by malcontent; 10-11-2012 at 05:59 PM.
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text: Eddie Rombo 7 Report post Posted May 9, 2013 If the proposed new 2 leagues of 12 does come off, who do you think will be the teams in each league. Surely the team currently in the championship, most likely Featherstone but could also be Halifax or Sheffield, should be allowed a place in the top league. This was what they have been working towards for the last 3 years and now the RFL have changed the league structure. If that does happen then three teams will be placed in league 2, how will this be decided and who do you think it will be? Who will be the 12 teams in league 2? How will the leagues be structured underneath the 2 Super Leagues and will there be relegation from Super League 2? Does anyone have any idea on the salary cap for the league? Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Annual Housing Survey, 1976 [United States]: Travel-to-Work [SMSAs] (ICPSR 8136)
Principal Investigator(s): United States Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census
This data collection provides travel-to-work data for respondents living in 20 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs). Data cover respondents' means of transportation to and from work -- whether they carpooled, drove alone, took public transportation, or used some other means. Also included is respondents' place of work and time they usually left home for work. The data contained in this collection are from the travel-to-work supplement in ANNUAL HOUSING SURVEY, 1976 [UNITED STATES]: SMSA FILES (ICPSR 7983). The travel-to-work supplement was sponsored by the United States Department of Transportation. The collection consists of 20 data files, one for each SMSA represented.
Series: American Housing Survey Series
Access Notes
Data in this collection are available only to users at ICPSR member institutions. Please log in so we can determine if you are with a member institution and have access to these data files.
This study is provided by ICPSR. ICPSR provides leadership and training in data access, curation, and methods of analysis for a diverse and expanding social science research community.
WARNING: Because this study has many datasets, the download all files option has been suppressed, and you will need to download one dataset at a time.
Study Description
United States Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. Annual Housing Survey, 1976 [United States]: Travel-to-Work [SMSAs]. ICPSR08136-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1983. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08136.v1
Persistent URL: https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08136.v1
Export Citation:
- RIS (generic format for RefWorks, EndNote, etc.)
- EndNote XML (EndNote X4.0.1 or higher)
This study was funded by:
- United States Department of Transportation
Scope of Study
Subject Terms: automobiles, carpools, commuting (travel), energy assistance, energy conservation, energy consumption, housing, income, Metropolitan Statistical Areas, municipal services, public transportation, transportation, workplaces
Geographic Coverage: Alabama, Allentown, Baltimore, Birmingham, Buffalo, California, Cleveland, Colorado, Denver, Grand Rapids, Hawaii, Honolulu, Houston, Illinois, Indiana, Indianapolis, Iowa, Kentucky, Las Vegas, Louisville, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New York City, New York (state), North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Providence, Raleigh, Rhode Island, Sacramento, St. Louis, Seattle, Texas, United States, Washington
- 1976
- 1976
Universe: Persons aged 14 years and older who had a job in the week preceding the interview, living in housing units in 20 selected SMSAs in the United States.
Sample: The sample was taken from ANNUAL HOUSING SURVEY, 1976 [UNITED STATES]: SMSA FILES (ICPSR 7983).
personal interviews
Original ICPSR Release: 1984-07-12
- 2006-01-12 All files were removed from dataset 21 and flagged as study-level files, so that they will accompany all downloads.
- 2006-01-12 All files were removed from dataset 21 and flagged as study-level files, so that they will accompany all downloads.
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text:
First post on JI from my iPad 3G. The on-screen keyboard is pretty impressive.
I tried the app. I've got to say the normal site is way better. Get an iPhone. I just love reading the landing strip with it.
I've got the Droid Incredible... it's awesome. I'm not a fan of mobile websites personally. I turned that feature off on my phone because I want the internet as it is on my computer and that's what I'm getting now so I'm happy with it.
Yea!!!!!!!! Tapatalk for the BB Curve
Glad you like it! I need the drop down keyboard to type and the screen is a nice size. I don't have any problems viewing JI and I don't need that Tapatalk App to post either.
I also found if you disable signature & avatar pics you can view the JI boards more easily too.
Enjoy your new phone.
is Tapatalk better? I was viewing JI with my new HTC Thunderbolt and I got a message to download tapatalk for $2.60. Is it worth it, or is it similar to just viewing ji.com on my phone?
I like it.
Sent from my HTC Thunderbolt using Tapatalk
Has anyone else had trouble using this the last few days?


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ORLANDO, Fla. - The AAU Nationals got underway at the Milkhouse on Monday afternoon. On the first day of nationals maybe the biggest matchup came between two of the best big guys in the country when Jared Sullinger locked up with Patric Young.
Sullinger and Young do battle
With 12 courts in the Disney Complex, it is not often that anyone has to leave to go off site. However on Monday that was exactly the case when in the pool play of nationals, All-Ohio Red and the Jacksonville Lee Bulls met up.
The big attraction was seeing Sullinger match up with Young. What is so intriguing about the two players is that they are opposites on the floor. Young is a physical specimen who is a great athlete. He does most of his damage by just being stronger and more athletic than people. Sullinger on the other hand isn't a great athlete, but he gets things done by technique, effort, and a high skill level.
What was very refreshing is that the two players went after each other all game long, and there was no need to double. When either player got down low, it wasn't for the faint of heart as there was a lot of banging and fighting going on for position.
Young did have a few moments against Sullinger. He frustrated the All-Ohio big man at times with his length and athleticism, blocking a few shots and altering others. On top of that on offense he was able to convert above the rim off of offensive rebounds, as well as with dunks when he ran the floor in transition.
While Young definitely had some moments, in general it was Sullinger who got the best of the battle. He was able to use his lower body to create angles and root Young out, and with the All-Ohio guards getting him the ball, Sullinger went to work. He scored a ton by simply going over his left shoulder and using his good touch.
Also Sullinger did an excellent job of rebounding both in and out of his area which seemed to wear on Young. As the game went on it became obvious that Sullinger was getting the best of the battle, but Young fought until the end, and had a very solid showing.
With Sullinger leading the way, All-Ohio got the win over the Bulls. For Jacksonville, Stacey Poole had a few impressive moments where he showed off his vast athleticism and strength, but he didn't quite play at the level that he showed during the NBA Camp in June. His shot wasn't falling, and that took away some of his advantage against a very tough Aaron Craft who was defending him.
Along with Sullinger, All-Ohio got a huge lift from Kevin Gray. The 6-foot shooting guard has been on fire during the month of July, and he broke open a four point lead late in the third quarter with a pair of huge threes. With Sullinger inside, and Gray outside, the Bulls simply didn't have enough to mount a comeback.
Super Showcase winners
Along with the nationals getting underway, the conclusion of the Super Showcase took place at the 17 and under level. In the Silver division the Illinois Titans beat the St. Louis Eagles 16's while in the gold division Team Takeover got the win over Each 1 Teach 1.
In the silver championship game the story was how well the Titans did as a team against Bradley Beal. The Titans were very physical with Beal limiting him on the offensive end. Beal didn't have his usual shooting stroke working, and that didn't allow him to take full advantage of his ability to get to the rim and finish with athleticism.
For the Titans the two biggest keys on the offensive end were James Siakam and Bruce Barron. Siakam height wise is an undersized power forward, but he has big time athleticism and extremely long arms. Those two factors more than make up for the fact that he checks in at only 6-foot-6. Barron is a good looking combo guard that is more than capable of scoring or getting others involved.
In the game Siakam was just a force on offense and defense. Though right now his skill is limited on the offensive end, Siakam finishes well in traffic down low, and is always working hard. On defense he can guard multiple positions, and is an excellent shot blocker. His shot blocking presence really limited what the Eagles could do.
Barron for his part controlled the flow of the game and did an admirable job on Beal. He right now is learning to be a pure point guard, but the natural ability is there, and he looks to be showing big improvement.
Other notable performances
For Team Texas Elite, Phil Pressey grabs most of the headlines in the backcourt, and rightfully so, but Daylon Guy is also a very good player. Guy is small, but he can absolutely shoot the lights out, and is also quick enough to get into the lane. Guy led Team Texas with 18 points in a morning blowout victory.
Also playing well for Team Texas in the win was Cameron Clark. Clark used his combination of size and athleticism to get to the rim whenever he wanted to. Also he made a few shots, and overall was someone that couldn't be guarded.
Playing very well for the King James Shooting Stars was Jakarr Sampson. The 6-foot-7 forward is making the transition from power forward to small forward, and things are really beginning to click. Sampson is now very comfortable taking his man off the dribble from the three point line, and also his shot is greatly improved. Adding a new found skill level with his extremely long arms and athleticism, makes him a fast rising commodity.
Also playing well for the King James Shooting Stars was Storm Sanders. The 2010 combo guard plays as hard as anyone, and loves to attack off the dribble. Using his strength, Sanders was able to score 20 points. His jumper still needs work, but in transition going to the rim he is very good.
Along with Sampson, Zach Price is also playing up with the 17 and under squad, but the 2011 center didn't have a ton of success. He runs the floor well and has a great frame, but he has a ways to go skill wise. Price did convert a few times, and had a nice dunk, but on Monday it wasn't one of his best performances.
Be on the lookout for K.T. Harrell. He is a super explosive 6-foot-4 guard for the Alabama Challenge that has been on fire recently. Harrell had the dunk of the day when he pogo sticked up off of two feet and cocked the ball back while dunking on a few defenders. He did more than just dunk, though. Harrell showed a big time ability to hit threes, and also was able to beat his defender off the dribble. Harrell's stock is soaring with his recent play.
Also playing well on the wing for the Challenge was Neiko Hunter. Hunter had it working from three, and he also used his strong frame to score down low. He had over 20 points, and at times was absolutely in the zone.
The final member of the Challenge who had a good day was Ralston Turner. Turner is a 6-foot-6 wing with big time shooting ability and a good frame. He hit several threes, and when his defender began to crowd him, that is when Turner went to the cup and converted.
Adreian Payne is definitely not the most productive player in the nation, but everything he does is memorable. In the win over the Jacksonville Lee Bulls, Payne showed a spin move on the post that was simply unguardable. He needs to make moves more often and be more assertive, but the flashes he shows at times are downright scary.
Class of 2012 West Virginia commitment Elijah Macon is playing up with the 16's and 17's for All-Ohio. Macon, who looks to be near 6-foot-8, is an active forward who plays hard on the block and at times can be dominant even against older competition. He still needs to refine his skill level, but his upside is very high.
When he wasn't on the floor doing pushups because one of his teammates missed a free throw, Amile Jefferson showed signs of what makes him such a good prospect. The skinny 6-foot-7 combo forward has a nice handle in the open floor and a good looking release on his shot. On top of that Jefferson has very long arms and shows a good aptitude for how to play. Once he gets stronger, he will be very difficult to deal with for opposing teams.
For the All-Ohio 16's they have a pair of guards in Trey Burke and Trey Lewis that are really capable of lighting up the scoreboard. Burke is a scoring point man who showed on Monday that he can also get after it defensively. Lewis is more of a combo guard who is at his best in catch and shoot situations. Once he gets hot, it is really tough to cool Lewis down, as he can fill it up in a hurry.
School Lists
James Siakam listed Vanderbilt, Southern Illinois, Purdue, Illinois, Notre Dame, Dayton, IUPUI, Morehead State, Arkansas, Wichita State, Indiana, and Oklahoma State.
Jakarr Sampson has offers from Xavier, Dayton, and Akron. He also mentioned Michigan State, Michigan, Ohio State, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame.
Bruce Barron rattled of a long list of Oklahoma State, The Citadel, Notre Dame, Missouri State, Vanderbilt, Purdue, Illinois, Dayton, Indiana, Ohio University, Notre Dame, Northern Illinois, and Northern Iowa.
Zach Price has offers from Louisville, Ohio State, Michigan State, Minnesota, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Also interest is coming in from Florida, Miami, Florida State, and Illinois.
K.T. Harrell has offers from Virginia, Alabama, Auburn, Arkansas, and Mississippi State. Also interest is coming from Boston College, UAB, and Virginia Commonwealth.
Trey Burke says offers have come in from Butler, Ohio, Kent State, Akron, Cleveland State, James Madison, and Stephen F. Austin. Also he is hearing from Notre Dame, Wisconsin, Ohio State, Baylor, and West Virginia.
Daylon Guy has an offer from Texas State, UT-Arlington, and SMU. He also reports interest from Tulane, Wichita State, Oregon, Arkansas, and Alabama.
Trey Lewis has a offers from Cleveland State, Kent State, Akron, Ohio, Miami-Ohio, Penn State, St. Joe's, and Wright State. Also interest is coming from Ohio State, Wisconsin, Butler, West Virginia, and Michigan.


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Totally Natural Lip Balms
I am something of a lip balm addict, but while I could sing its praises for days on end, there's one thing I don't like about lip balm. Almost all of the standard offerings on the market contain petroleum, which is not only eco-unfriendly but also not something you really want in your mouth. Fortunately, there are plenty of great petroleum-free lip balms on the market nowadays that work just as well using other more natural oils. Here are some of my favorites.
Miessence Jaffa Lip Balm, $8.95, available here. This yummy orange- and vanilla-flavored balm uses cocoa butter, safflower, and avocado oils in an easy-to-squeeze tube.
Hamadi Lip Balm, $10, available here. This classy balm soothes with shea butter, avocado oil, and jojoba oil, while tea tree oil acts as a toner.
Nature's Gate Organics Neroli Orange & Chocolate Mint Lip Balm , $3.50, available here. This cute little tin contains a formula that uses castor seed oil, beeswax, apricot kernel oil, and several other certified organic ingredients.
To see the rest,
Burt's Bees Honey Lip Balm, $2.49, available here. A classic, reliable lip balm, Burt's version contains beeswax (of course) plus almond and coconut oils.
Mountain Ocean Lip Trip SPF 15, $3.95, available here. Hands down the best option for outdoors activities, this sunscreen-enforced lip balm has a 100 percent beeswax base and is long-lasting to protect you from wind, sun, and other elements.
The Merry Hempsters Peppermint Vegan Hemp Lip Balm, $1.99, available here. This 100 percent natural balm is incredibly eco-friendly, relying on rosemary extract and cannabis sativa seed oil to moisturize. (And no, it won't get you high.)


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The ACC has several talented offensive linemen returning in 2012. Virginia probably has the most talented pair of bookends in the league with 6-6, 310-pound senior Oday Aboushi on one side and 6-6, 335-pound junior Morgan Moses on the other.
Meanwhile, NC State has the second-most experienced front line in the country with a combined 112 career starts returning this fall. Meanwhile, many prognosticators are listing North Carolina as the best group of protectors in the league - four returning starters have combined for 91 starts in their careers. Georgia Tech and Boston College also return four starters up front.
Lindy's and Phil Steele's football preview magazines agreed that the Tar Heels returned the best offensive line in the ACC, with Lindy's ranking it as the nation's No. 7 group and Steele ranking it as the ninth-best unit in the country. Lindy's listed NC State with the league's second-best group, while Steele gave the honor to Georgia Tech, which he ranked as the 12th-best group in the land. Steele then listed Virginia, with the nation's No. 18 line, and NC State, with the nation's 20th-best group.
1. Omoregie Uzzi, Georgia Tech
The success of Georgia Tech's option offense largely depends on the play of the offensive line, and Uzzi was one of the nation's best last year. The guard owns 26 career starts and was named second-team All-America by Sports Illustrated while Rivals.com named him to their third-team in 2011, despite the fact that he was limited to just 11 games. He is one of just two first-team All-ACC selections along the offensive line that returns in 2012.
Uzzi was also named first-team All-ACC after he earned second-team laurels during his sophomore campaign, and the 6-3, 305-pounder helped the Yellow Jackets' offensive line pave the way for the nation's No. 2 rushing attack. In 2010, the squad led the nation in rushing, and they have paced the country in rushing yards per game in each of the last four seasons.
The senior is ranked by Kiper as the No. 5 senior guard in the land, while Lindy's ranked him as the No. 2 player at his position in college football. Steele listed Uzzi as the No. 5 guard in the nation.
2. Oday Aboushi, Virginia
The 6-6, 310 pound senior was named second-team All-ACC last season after he started all 13 games for the Cavaliers at left tackle. The squad ranked among the nation's least-sacked teams in the country, as the unit, led by Aboushi, allowed just 1.23 sacks per game, which ranked 24th in the nation.
He was twice named the league's Offensive Lineman of the Week, including after the Indiana game, when he notched 13 knockdown blocks and helped UVa piled up 360 yards of total offense, and after the Miami game, when he tallied 11 knockdowns and the Wahoos racked up 470 yards of total offense.
Aboushi, who is being touted as a possible first-round draft pick in next year's draft, also started all 12 of the team's contests in 2010. The Brooklyn native is listed as Mel Kiper, Jr.'s No. 2 senior tackle in the land and just missed the ESPN Draft guru's Big Board, which lists the top 25 draft-eligible prospects. He was also named one of college football's top 10 tackles by Lindy's (No. 6) and Phil Steele (No. 9).
3. Dalton Freeman, Clemson
The 6-5, 285 pound senior is the other returning offensive lineman who was named first-team All-ACC last season. He enters his fourth campaign as the starter in 2012 and has started in 36 straight contests. The senior is one of just two returning starters up front for the Tigers, but is one of the ACC's most intelligent blockers; he has been selected to the All-ACC Academic Football Team for three straight seasons.
Freeman was a finalist for the 2011 Rimington Award, the honor given to the nation's top center annually, and he should also contend for the Outland Trophy in his final season. He played a school-record 1,044 snaps last season and has 143 career knockdowns.
4. James Hurst, North Carolina
The towering junior has started 25 of the 26 games he has appeared in during his career, including all 13 last season. The 6-7, 305-pounder was named second-team All-ACC last season after lining up at left tackle, and he should lead a talented group this fall. He was a first-team Freshman All-America, according to Rivals.com and Steele, after lining up at right tackle in 2010.
Kiper lists him as the No. 4 junior bookend in the country, while Steele ranks him as the No. 8 overall tackle in college football.
5. Jonathan Cooper, North Carolina
The 6-3, 305 pound senior has earned second-team All-ACC honors in each of the past two years, and will return to an experienced offensive line. The guard has started 35 games in his career, the most of any returning protector in the ACC, and tied for the fifth-most of any returning player.
Cooper was ranked as the No. 1 senior guard in the land by Kiper, while Steele ranks him as the No. 1 guard in college football. Lindy's listed the Wilmington native as the No. 6 guard in the nation.
6. Camden Wentz, NC State
The redshirt senior is another heady player, who checks in at 6-3, 301 pounds. The pivot started all 13 games for the Pack last fall, and allowed just one sack. 2012 will mark his third campaign as the starting center and he has started the last 26 games in a row for NC State.
In 2010, he ranked second on the team in snaps played, with 995, and he also allowed just one sack in that campaign, as well. He has also been named to the 2012 Rimington Award watch list.
7. R.J. Mattes, NC State
Mattes might be the most versatile lineman in the conference; he has started games at left tackle (12), right guard (8) and right tackle (10) in his career. When he's healthy, he's one of the top protectors in the ACC, and he is the only four-year starter to-be on the NC State squad.
Last year, Mattes appeared in every game and started 12 times, while he allowed four sacks in a career-high 823 snaps. In 2010, he started 10 times and appeared in 11 contests, while he allowed four sacks. He also started all eight games he played in as a redshirt freshman and allowed just one sack in 413 snaps. The veteran of 30 starts is the most-experienced offensive player on the State roster. Steele ranks the 6-6, 313-pounder as the No. 15 tackle in college football.
8. Morgan Moses, Virginia
The massive tackle checks in at 6-6, 335 pounds, and has logged starts in each of the last 20 games for the Cavs. He started each of the team's 13 games in 2011 and the junior was named a Freshman All-America in 2010 when he earned the starting nod in the team's final seven games of the season. Steele named him All-ACC third-team in 2011, and he should contend for even higher honors this season.
The Wildcards
- Robert Crisp, NC State
Crisp is a former blue-chip recruit entering his third year on campus. He has appeared in each of the Pack's 26 games during his time on campus, but has logged just three starts.
However, the light may have gone on for the former five-star recruit, who was ranked by Rivals.com as the No. 2 tackle and the No. 13 overall player in his class, at the end of last year. He saw considerable action in 2011, logging 413 snaps without allowing a sack, and started the Belk Bowl against Louisville, where he performed very well. It's unsure if the 6-7, 312-pounder will line up at left or right tackle, but it wouldn't be a surprise to see him break into the starting lineup for good this fall and contend for postseason honors.
- Will Jackson, Georgia Tech
The redshirt junior has been an important part of the Yellow Jackets' offensive line since 2010. He played in 12 games and started nine times as a true freshman en route to Freshman All-America honors. Then, he started all 13 games at left guard last year while the Yellow Jackets paced the ACC in rushing offense, total offense, scoring offense and fewest sacks allowed. The 6-3, 285-pounder may not be a well known name like his counterpart Uzzi yet, but he's very good in his own right.
- Andrew Miller, Virginia Tech
Although he has started just 14 games, he is the most experienced lineman on the Tech roster in 2012. He started every game last fall at center, and will need to perform at a high level, to help bring his teammates along. He'll be an All-ACC candidate and was also named on the Rimington Award watch list. The redshirt junior appeared in 11 games in 2010.
- Seantrel Henderson, Miami
The 6-8, 350-pounder came to Miami as the No. 2 overall recruit in the nation, according to Rivals.com, and the 2009 USA Today High School Offensive Player of the Year. However, the blue-chip recruit has not quite lived up to the hype in his first two years on campus.
He started nine of the 12 games he appeared in as a true freshman, mostly at right tackle. He was named to several Freshman All-America teams, but that may have just been on name recognition alone. He was suspended for the first game of 2011 then limited by a back surgery, before he appeared in eight contests with just two starts as a sophomore. He was suspended again this spring for a violation of team rules and was listed as the second-team right tackle before the disciplinary action.
If Henderson can put it together, the sky's the limit for him - he might be the most talented player on this list. However, he hasn't shown the ability to get it done on the field at the college level yet.


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Help develop your teenager's communication skills with the Writing & Grammar 10 Distance Learning course from BJU Press. Through engaging lessons, Writing & Grammar 10 continues to help develop your child's grammar skills, emphasizing parts of speech, sentence patterns, phrases, clauses, and correct usage of verbs, pronouns, and modifiers. It also helps guide your child in creating a portfolio of personal writing assignments.
Miss Rebekah Pringle and Dr. Lesa Seibert teach this course. It is based on the Writing & Grammar 10 (3rd ed.) textbooks from BJU Press.
Recommended Viewing Schedule: Includes 90 lessons total. Video lessons are 30 minutes in length.
In this distance learning course, students learn the elements of literature imaginative comparisons, devices of sound, allusion, symbol, and irony by studying primarily American and British authors. Students study five genres: biography, fiction, lyric poetry, drama, and the personal essay.
Dr. Lesa Seibert teaches this course. It is based on the Elements of Literature (1st ed.) textbooks from BJU Press.
Recommended Viewing Schedule: Includes 83 lessons total. Video lessons are 30 minutes in length.
Printed Teacher's Editions are not included with this kit. A complete copy of the Teacher's Edition (formerly TE on CD) and the Teacher's Toolkit CD as well as files for printing materials from the Teacher Support Materials CD are available by logging into your account. If you desire a printed Teacher Edition, please contact Customer Service for special pricing.
All DVD and Hard Drive Distance Learning kits now include a Parent Guide as well as a Student Worksheets Packet which have all of the teacher support materials and answer keys needed for the subject(s).
>> Click the Resources tab to view information about the course's instructor.
|Item #
|DL TE on CD WRITING & GRAMMAR 10 3ED
|Writing & Grammar 10 Student Worktext (3rd ed.)
|Writing & Grammar 10 Tests (3rd ed.)
|Writing & Grammar 10 Tests Answer Key (3rd ed.)
|DL Writing & Grammar 10 DVD Module 2013
|DL TE on CD ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE UV
|Elements of Literature Student Text (Updated Version)
|Elements of Literature Tests
|Elements of Literature Tests Answer Key
Dr. Seibert has over 15 years teaching experience in Christian education. She has grown up desiring to be a teacher, and she desires to instill in her students a love for learning. Her main goal in teaching grammar is to show how English follows a logical pattern. God's Word states that "knowledge is easy unto him that understandeth" (Proverbs 14:6). Gaining knowledge is hard when a student does not understand what he is trying to learn. Therefore, understanding is the key to gaining knowledge. In teaching literature, Dr. Seibert desires to show the beauty of the English language in written form. The literary concepts of metaphors, allusions, symbols, etc., increase not only the enjoyment of a written work but also the impact of the message.
Miss Pringle's interest in literature began at an early age through her mother's almost daily reading aloud of good literature as a part of her family's school day. The past 10 years of focused study and teaching in the disciplines of Creative Writing and English have increased Miss Pringle's delight and enthusiasm in analyzing and evaluating all genres of literature. "Everyone loves a story. A well-crafted story, poem, essay, or drama delights me on several levels, but it's the benefit of gaining an increased understanding and appreciation of God's inspired literature, His Word, that motivates me to apply and grow in my own literary analysis skills and to do my best to instill in my students a similar desire for and delight in literature. It's my prayer that as we enjoy great literary works together we will be inspired to love and pursue God's truth presented in His greatest Book of literature."


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ORH 694: Punk-turned-Quaker
Outsight Radio Hours / 3 February 2013 / This is a freeform episode featuring an interview with punk-turned-Quaker Scot on women in the bible. The show is seasoned with comedian Flip Wilson, Erin McKeown, 80s rockers Busboys, and more.
Full playlist is at http://www.new-sounds.com/playlists/playlist_393_694.html.
Podcast: Play in new window | Download (Duration: 2:05:08 — 114.6MB) | Embed


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Bad news. This just in:
Bosh is done
Bad news. This just in:
Bosh is done
Was that even funny? I read the whole thing. I thought it was stupid...
Well, I'm probably biased because I worship at the altar of The Onion. It's more of a chuckle than a ROFLMAO, but I do laugh at the idea of someone doing such a thing.
Onion is hit and miss, this was more of a miss. Still though, funny read.
the title was funny. the first half of the article was alright. but the second half stupid.
usually i would laugh at the thought of shoving a digital camera up your ass. but, nah
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Making the Renaissance Sword
Thursday 17th May, 2012 - Sunday 31st March, 2013
Price: Admission Free
Contemporary texts and illustrative sources, coupled with modern science have enabled modern scholars to understand much of how the art of sword-making developed during the sixteenth century. Featuring stages in the construction of a swept-hilt rapier, this display reveals that the Renaissance swordsmith relied on a continuous tradition of craftsmanship dating back to the early Middle Ages. This display is generously sponsored by Peter Finer, Dealer in Antique Arms and Armour.
On display in the Conservation Gallery.


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It is heartwarming to know that local students truly care about the welfare of their neighbors, and strive to make a difference in their community. Students at numerous local schools – and their advisers – carved time in their already-crowded schedules to give back to their community, and help the less fortunate.
The Holy Family seventh grade class organized a bake sale to raise money for Hurricane Sandy relief. Their efforts resulted in almost $1,000 to send to Catholic Charities.
Student council members collected and delivered more than 500 cans and jars of pasta sauce for Caterina's Club during the KFI radio station fundraiser for the charity. Caterina's Club was founded by Chef Serato of the Anaheim White House Restaurant, and named in honor of his mother. The organization feeds motel children throughout the year, picks up students for homework help and activities, and has begun to aid in providing housing for the families.
Radio station hosts John and Ken were impressed to see students helping other, less fortunate students, and interviewed Heather Daniels, Oakridge student council president, and Emily Chisick, charity president, during their live broadcast from the restaurant.
A total of $135,781 and more than 11,000 pounds of pasta and sauce were collected for Caterina's Club during the KFI broadcast. For more information about Caterina's Club, see thecaterinasclub.org.
During their annual all-tribe fall campout at Yucaipa Regional Park, the Inca Tribe challenged other tribes in the YMCA Indian Princess and Indian Guides program to raise money for Mary's Kitchen. The Inca Tribe, comprised of papooses as young as 4, up to 13-year-old princesses, pledged to match the first $1,000 raised.
Inca Tribe Princesses presented a check for $2,745 to Mary's Kitchen, which provides meals and services for the homeless in the Orange area. The new Inca Challenge program will be repeated each year, instilling the sense of community giving to the less fortunate. For information about the YMCA program, see ymcaoforange.org.
Canyon Rim students again joined the annual Spark of Love Toy Drive. For 20 years, ABC 7 and firefighters from Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino and Ventura counties have collected new, unwrapped toys and sports equipment for underserved children in their communities.
This is the second year that the Canyon Rim student council has promoted the toy drive for Spark of Love. The students collected more than 250 toys, with Mrs. Haitbrink's third grade class winning honors for collecting the most toys. For information about Spark of Love Toy Drive, see sparkoflove.org.
El Rancho students "adopted" needy families via the Southwest Community Center, as they have for almost two decades. This year, the ASB class and two representatives from each of the ERCS adopting classes delivered gifts, food, gift cards, and more, to 15 families. The students met with the families at the Southwest Community Center and saw, first-hand, the impact of their generosity — the delight of the children when they ripped open their gifts, and the gratitude of the adults.
The funds for the gifts were donated by students, El Rancho families and staff. Multiple teachers and their classrooms worked collaboratively through the ASB to coordinate the charitable event. The ASB provided wrapping materials, and volunteered their time to wrap all of the gifts. Southwest Community Center serves low-income individuals and families in Orange County; see swcommunitycenter.org for more information.
Villa Park High School drama students, colorfully clad as Santa's elves, entertained elementary school students, performing 11 fun-filled shows at 10 elementary schools over two days. Stacy Castiglione directed the very merry elves in "Holiday Tales 2012," receiving shouts of laughter and appreciation from the younger students at every stop.
Girl Scout Ambassador Troop 560, led by Kelli Cervino and Barbara Perez, celebrated the 10th anniversary of their annual Ho Ho Santa Train Event, held each year at Irvine Regional Park. The troop plans and coordinates a private night for Girl Scouts and their families to come together and celebrate the holidays, as they sip hot cocoa and ride the train past the holiday lights for a special visit with Santa Claus.
Each participating troop is asked to contribute to a designated charity. For the past two years, service baskets were donated to the emancipated teens and young adults at the Orangewood Foundation.
Go to ocregister.com/orange for more school news and photos. Send your school news and photos to Andrea Mills at email@example.com.
Tell us about your school: Is there an amazing teacher or faculty member at your school? We want to hear all about how they go above and beyond. Send an email to email@example.com telling us what makes him or her so special. We'll print as many as we can in the Orange City News.