text: This article is the first I have heard of Aereo. What they do is they capture the over-the-air signal broadcast by TV stations and provide shows through the internet to their subscribers for $10/month. They don't have a license from content providers. Networks say they're stealing content, but courts so far have sided with Aereo. Fox has now suggested they may stop broadcasting their signal if this continues. So what do you think of this? There certainly seems to be copyright violation because they are making money off of media without having any license to broadcast it. However, they're only providing what people can get for free anyway. I'm not sure who would be the primary users of this service. Cable/satellite subscribers might switch to it because it's cheaper, but they would lose out on most of they channels currently have. They might subscribe to it in addition to what they already have as a way to get local news/sports. OTA users might use it because it would allow them to essentially have a DVR. (Side note: the article says it's not possible to pause/DVR OTA TV. Wrong, I do it all the time. It just takes a little more creativity than getting a DVR from the cable company.) From each of these groups, the only ones the broadcasters would lose money from is those who are currently cable/satellite users who would switch but I can't see many people doing that because anyone paying that much for TV instead of using an antenna is probably watching the other channels. As someone who uses an antenna, I don't think I like this. I like what I have, and this could only hurt me by making the networks respond in a way that would make me lose content or have to pay for it. We've got a good thing going here that has worked for decades, but this could ruin it all.


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Results 1 to 10 of 20
Thread: Setting your stereo/amp controls
Setting your stereo/amp controls
Phil's opinion, (and somewhat lengthy explanation):
They have some of the most energy-dense recordings out there right now. The compression they have used in their recording is pretty musical, but when you look at the music visually as a waveform, you realize how full and dense the signal is; good highs and good lows, with a good spectral balance. You can use any of their higher-energy tracks to really exercise your system and find out where it starts to "let go". It is very similar to using pink noise, only a lot less irritating...
Gain Setting: You can use Nickleback tracks to set maxed-out, non-clipped gains for your system, and you will likely not clip the system with any other material, except for those nutty "bass-heavy" tracks similar to those that used to be all the rage at the car stereo contests. You may find that lots of your other music now sound a lot quieter, since it has a less-compressed signal. That is okay. Hang tight for the reasoning...
What you want to try to achieve is to get all your gain stages set to unity gain; the place where every piece of electronics including the head unit, signal processors, amplifiers all clip at or very near the exact same volume level. Unity gain gives you the best total control of your system and the best signal to noise ratio and best headroom.
With your amp gains set too low, the radio will start to clip prior to the amp's clean non-clipped full-power output. Similarly, if you have the amp gains set too high, your amps will start clipping prior to the radio reaching its peak non-clipped output. You want all components to clip at the same time; that statement sounds funny by itself, but makes sense in light of the other two statements. With unity gain, you get all the non-clipped range of the volume control on your head unit, and your amp gains are usually set low enough to not cause engine noise, solenoid pops, and other problems associated with the gains set too high.
I have found that for my gain tuning needs, music from Nickleback has it all, good highs, good lows, good vocals, (i.e. midrange information) all at the same time and in a really dense sonic package that makes it much easier to set all your controls at pretty much the same time.
This is not my only choice of music I use when setting things up. I like to listen to a variety of things, including some recordings I engineered, (I know, or think I still know what they sounded like live) acoustic instruments, (acoustic guitar from Torcuato Mariano) female vocals, (such as Diana Krall) etc. These things give you additional insight into phase, crossover points, tweeter crossover pad settings, (if you have them).
A quick note in closing... When setting up your system, take the time to set your head unit tone controls to ZERO, i.e. no cut and no boost, with loudness controls, (if you have them) set to off. You want to work with the flattest signal as possible coming from your head unit and through your electronics.
I loook forward to hearing what others think!
Have fun with it!
01-05-2010, 05:46 PM #2Junior Member
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- Jan 2010
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Need help with amp settings
I am a newb at subs and amps. I recently got installed two kicker 12's cvr's with a 750.1 zx kicker amp. On it there are three dials, bass boost, gain , and frequency. I listen to rap and am wondering what the best place to put these controls at. Also there is a button for input high and low. Please tell me what you recomend I do to get the most out of my system thanks.
First off, on the end of the amp your input setting should probably be set to LOW. If you have an RCA cable coming from an RCA streo pair on the back of the amp, this is the correct setting.
The other thing to check is the AUTO TURN ON switch. If you have a blue wire coming out of the back of yoyur radio and it is going to the turn-on lead on the amp, you want the AUTO TURN ON switch set to +12V, or its left-most position.
For your controls, with that amp and a pair of CVR122's you want to start with the bass boost no higher than about 9:00 o'clock as shown on a clock dial. Bass boost is not there to be turned way up.
Set the FREQUENCY control to somewhere between 80 Hz and 120 Hz... There is a right way, and a wrong way, and then a way it sounds best to you. The "best to you" sound is often somewhere in between. The FREQUENCY knob controls the crossover, specifically the crossover frequency that the subs play. Set it higher, and the subs will play a broader range of low-frequency material. Set it lower and it will only play lower sounds.
The best FREQUENCY setting will depend on where you have the full range in-boat speakers set. Are they on an amp, and if so what is that crossover frequency? If you can tell us what amp if any, and its settings we can give you a more precise answer. We do not want the subwoofers playing so high as to interfere with the in-boat speakers. Conversely, we want to limit the low-frequency material for the in-boats and let the sub do the lows.
The GAIN control is there to match the amp to the head unit, and to any other amps, for best non-clipping performance, and for best volume control from the head unit. You want the GAIN setting to be as low as possible to avoid noise problems, yet high enough to get full power from the amp. Ideally, your gain(s) will be set so that the amp just goes into clipping at about the same time your head unit goes into clipping.
In general, and very briefly, start with the amp(s) GAIN(s) turned down low. Turn the head unit up until you hear the head unit distorting; on many head units this is about at 3/4 volume. Then turn the head unit down until the distortion goes away. Then turn the GAIN(s) on the amp(s) up until you hear the woofers distorting, then turn the GAIN(s) back down just a little. If you can hear distortion, and can discern the difference between dostorted and non-distorted sounds, this will get you real close to the desired settings.
This is a very quick explanation, as we need to know a lot more... Do you have an amp on your in-boat speakers? How are the woofers mounted? What head unit are you using, etc...
Give us a little more and we can help you out further.
05-06-2010, 08:32 AM #4Banned
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impressive keep it up
05-19-2010, 12:44 PM #5Member
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"Set the FREQUENCY control to somewhere between 80 Hz and 120 Hz... "
I herd my audio guy talking about this, are these normal ranges?i spent most of my money on women and beer: the rest, i just wasted.
so if i run all my amps thru a WS420 and i want to set them all up to get clean sound without having to worry about damaging anything would i turn the gain down on all three amps, turn the WS420 volume to 100%, then slowly turn the gain on the amps up one at a time until i hear distortion, and then turn them down just a bit until the distortion goes away?David
2017 Moomba Mojo Max Surf Edition, 2 Pair Wetsounds Rev10s powered by an SD2, 6 paid Wetsounds XS650M and Wetsounds WS12 powered by SD6 all controlled by a WS420.
SOLD***2008 Mobius LSV, Gravity III , Wake Plate, Z5, Exile SX65c's, Exile XM9s, Exile XI12D, Exile Javelin, Exile 30.2***SOLD
Yes, its essential that you start back at the HU first. Turning the amplifiers down intially allows you to find the HU maximum gain without exposing the amplifiers. Since the most recent Wetsounds EQ has no input gain, the EQ will be an extension of the HU. Then, if you sense that there is any form of clipping from the EQ, which is unlikely, then turn down from full the master EQ inboat or tower control. Then return to the amplifiers as you described. Wetsounds has a unity gain tuning procedure for the WS420 EQ so that all phases of the signal path reach their full potential simultaneously. Its step by step just like Phil's prescription.
Earmark Marine
12-11-2011, 04:43 PM #8David
2017 Moomba Mojo Max Surf Edition, 2 Pair Wetsounds Rev10s powered by an SD2, 6 paid Wetsounds XS650M and Wetsounds WS12 powered by SD6 all controlled by a WS420.
SOLD***2008 Mobius LSV, Gravity III , Wake Plate, Z5, Exile SX65c's, Exile XM9s, Exile XI12D, Exile Javelin, Exile 30.2***SOLD
Okay then if you are only using the EQ alone then set the dual zone levels on the EQ control panel at full before gaining the amplifier. The ipod shouldn't have enough voltage to drive the EQ into clipping which you can verify in the same manner you would with a HU. Some will set the EQ levels at 90 percent to allow for a little extra gain when using material that is recorded a bit soft or when using another mp3 with less gain. Building in some small amount of flexibility isn't going to hurt your tuning objectives.
Earmark Marine
12-12-2011, 06:13 PM #10David
2017 Moomba Mojo Max Surf Edition, 2 Pair Wetsounds Rev10s powered by an SD2, 6 paid Wetsounds XS650M and Wetsounds WS12 powered by SD6 all controlled by a WS420.
SOLD***2008 Mobius LSV, Gravity III , Wake Plate, Z5, Exile SX65c's, Exile XM9s, Exile XI12D, Exile Javelin, Exile 30.2***SOLD

subset: commoncrawl


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February 11, 2009
Everybody Wants in on New Moon! Jonas Brothers are Twilight Fans + Want to be on Soundtrack
"The movie was obviously a huge success, and if they asked us to be a part of [the sequel], that would be great," Nick Jonas said when we caught up with him and his brothers Monday, revealing that the trio are fans of Stephenie Meyer's vampire franchise and would be willing to write a song for the "New Moon" soundtrack. "It would be really cool."
"That would be really cool," agreed Joe and Kevin.
Unfortunately, I'm a wee bit too beyond the Millenial generation to really know why the Jonas Brothers are so popular, but I'm sure a lot of other Twilight fans are excited! :-) Check the article out over at MTV.com, where the Jonas Brothers also reveal that they have not seen Twilight yet.
4 comments:
I too am a little to old to quite get what they have that makes billions of tweens freak, but they are adorable :) and whoever their stylist is needs to come fix my closet!ReplyDelete
Not familiar with their music, but I hope the New Moon soundtrack doesn't get too teeny-bopper. The director did say he wanted it to be more experimental this time around, non? But I'm always in favor of indie artists.ReplyDelete
Gross. Twilight ends with a Radiohead song, but then the Jonas Brothers are on the New Moon soundtrack? Something doesn't add up. Can movies "jump the shark"?ReplyDelete
Please no. They're not even Twilight fans. Come on...ReplyDelete
My name is Elaine. I'm a huge Twilight fan. I'm really excited about New Moon and am trying to get Twilight fans to listen to one of my favorite artists because I've read that he wants his music in New Moon. His name is Rick Mugrage. His music is perfect for the Twilight series!! His song "Signs" would be so awesome in New Moon. The lyrics and the feel of it are PERFECT!! He's a HUGE Twilight fan too, which I think is cool. You can check out his song "Signs" on his myspace at http://www.myspace.com/rickmugrage
You've got to listen to it! I promise you'll dig it and if you're a Twilight fan you'll definitely agree it fits the series. He's an indie artist from Oregon and is starting to make waves. Check him out and tell people to add his song "Signs" for the New Moon soundtrack.
Here's a link to his music video on youtube for "Signs" too!
I want to see this artist get a break. He's so talented. It would be so cool to seem him get a chance to have his music on any of the Twilight films!


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And how do we really know that Buddhist, as opposed to Christian or some other religion is the way to "extinguish the fire"?BlackBird wrote:Imagine you're on fire, and a man comes up with a bucket of water and says - here, quickly, let me pour this water on you and you say: 'Well, does it really work? How do you know it's going to work? Where did you get that water from? Where did you buy that bucket? Is it a good bucket?" - That's how I see people with too much skepticism. A bit is fine, a bit is healthy, especially when you're new to Buddhism. But when you're chopping and changing parts of the Buddha's teachings, and you don't believe he said X or Y because of some revisionist history, then I think you're more interested in the origin of the bucket than in putting out the fire.
How do we know that "fire" can even be permanently "extinguished"?
Some say that the reason why Buddhism is better than Christianity is that it offers Nibbāna here and now* in this life. To this a Christian can easily reply that "who cares about your Nibbāna in this life if you will burn in hell for eternity due to non-acceptance of Lord Jesus Christ?"
* How many people have actually reached Arahatship in the present time? Is the amount of these something to rely and place one hopes on?


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Insights on Insights, and a new website on the way
While compiling the latest issue of our newsletter Insights, I spent a little time looking through a few back issues. Our on-site archive begins with the July 1981 issue of what was then called the FARMS Newsletter—the first issue published after FARMS relocated along with founder John W. Welch from California to Provo. (If you happen to […]Read More


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This past weekend brought the U.S. Grand Prix to Copper Mountain, Colorado, where competitors from all over the globe battled it out in sub-zero temps in hopes of earning highly coveted AFP points. Yet again, SCOTT's female athletes brought their A-game to the event, with Maddie Bowman and Roz G claiming first and second in superpipe, and Keri Herman taking gold in slopestyle.
Maddie and Roz are getting quite comfortable up there. Photo: Henrik Lampert
Keri Herman on the top spot. Photo: Henrik Lampert
For photos and a full recap of the event, click here for slopestyle and here for superpipe.


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Applicants wanted for Lee medical office programPosted: Updated:
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Leyland trying to minimize risks with Valverde
By Jason Beck and Anthony Odoardi / MLB.com
Despite Valverde's 4.38 ERA in non-save situations this season, and his 5.79 ERA in the same situations last year, his stance remains the same: Things happen too fast in the Majors to risk not putting in your closer because the team is up by five rather than three runs or fewer.
"My No. 1 thing when I got a four-run lead or something like that and I have to win the game, I don't like to take chances," Leyland said prior to Sunday's game.
For Leyland, that means starting an inning with his closer instead of putting another pitcher in the game, waiting until a couple of guys get on base to make it a save opportunity, then turning to his ninth-inning man.
"All of a sudden you start somebody else and it's four, five to nothing and all of a sudden the first two guys get on [then] you go to your closer," Leyland said. "All of a sudden you're bringing him into a totally different situation. So I think you've got to be careful with that."
It was 5-0 when Valverde entered Saturday night's game against the White Sox. He allowed a double and an RBI triple to make it 5-1, before retiring the final batter.
Had another run scored, the skipper said he would've turned to Brayan Villarreal, who was warming in the bullpen. He preferred not to use the two the other way around and compared it to subbing out Miguel Cabrera defensively late in a game.
"It's liking taking a guy out for defense. I don't like taking Cabrera out in a four-, five-run game," he said. "Things happen too fast. You'd like to save him a little bit on his ankle, but things happen too fast up here."
Scherzer, Fielder earn Tigers' monthly awards
DETROIT -- Max Scherzer and Prince Fielder were named Tigers Pitcher and Player of the Month, respectively, on Sunday.
Scherzer won four of the five games he pitched in August, and finished the month rattling off four straight as the Tigers jockey for position in the American League Central. Overall, the right-hander went 4-0 with a 2.25 ERA while striking out 44.
And his best performance, eight scoreless innings of four-hit ball against the White Sox on Saturday, didn't even count toward the voting. Scherzer matched a career high by notching his 15th win Saturday night and hasn't allowed more than two runs in a start since Aug. 5. He finished Saturday's start as the Major League leader in strikeouts with 204
For Fielder, the first baseman finished the month batting .370 with six doubles, seven home runs and 21 RBIs. It was by far his best batting average in any month this season -- the next closest a .330 average in May.
Fielder is seven RBIs away from his fifth 100-RBI season and if he continues his success into September, it could mark the first time in the 28-year-old's eight-year career that he hits .300.
Garcia shows glimpse of potential, nickname
DETROIT -- For Avisail Garcia, it's not necessarily about just living up to being a highly-regarded five-tool prospect. Try just living up to the nickname his teammates have given him.
"Miggy Jr." is what Garcia goes by in the clubhouse, basically because his teammates believe he looks and apparently walks just like the reigning American League batting champion.
"We make fun of him a little bit, he looks just like Miguel. Even the way he walks around and everything," said catcher Alex Avila after the Tigers' 5-1 victory over the White Sox on Saturday night, a game in which Garcia recorded his first Major League hit and RBI.
Obviously, Garcia has a long way to go before resembling Cabrera at the plate, but the 21-year-old certainly put together a couple of "Cabrera-esque" at-bats.
He began his career -- in a tight pennant race, nonetheless -- working a 10-pitch walk against veteran lefty Francisco Liriano, fouling off four straight two-strike pitches before earning the free pass. He later hit a 99-mph fastball the opposite way for his first hit and RBI.
"Very impressive," manager Jim Leyland said Sunday. "[The walk] was probably more impressive than the hit. ... He's a nice looking young kid and he's got a chance to be a good looking player."
With it being one game, the skipper wasn't getting ahead of himself. He said, as with any rookie, there were a few expected mistakes. With the bases loaded in the third, Garcia struck out on three pitches to end the inning. And Leyland also noted he might've taken a bad route on Paul Konerko's double to right-center in the ninth.
But even Leyland couldn't deny that Garcia has the potential to impact a lot of pennant races similar to this one in the future.
"There's some really crude, raw talent there that's really impressive," he said. "He's got a bright future. At some point, he'll play in Detroit for a long time."
Jackson among exclusive group with triples
DETROIT -- The Tigers were already well ahead Saturday night by the time Austin Jackson tripled and scored in the eighth inning, making his tally an insurance run in the 5-1 victory. As he beat the throw into third base, though, Jackson ran his way into history.
According to research on baseball-reference.com, Jackson's 10th triple made him just the fifth Tigers player with at least 20 doubles, 10 triples, 10 home runs and 10 stolen bases in multiple seasons. He's just the fourth Tiger to do it in back-to-back years.
Curtis Granderson did it in 2007-08, Charlie Gehringer in 1929-30, and Bobby Veach in 1920-21. Ty Cobb hit the marks in 1921 and 1925.
Just three players besides Jackson and Granderson have done it even once over the past 30 years. Carlos Guillen got there in his first season with the Tigers in 2004. Kirk Gibson made it in 1984, two years after Larry Herndon did.
Jackson's triple also extended his American League lead by two over Oakland's Jemile Weeks, who's currently finishing up the season at Triple-A Sacramento, and three over Chicago's Alex Rios. If Jackson holds on, he'll join Granderson (2007-08) as the two Tigers to lead the league in triples in back-to-back seasons since Cobb in 1917-18. Jackson shared last year's crown with Angels speedster Peter Bourjos.
Granderson's big boost in triples came in 2007, after Tigers baserunning coach Andy Van Slyke tried to get him to be more aggressive and think extra bases on contact rather than rounding second base. Jackson doesn't take quite the same approach.
"Sometimes I'm running hard enough where I'm looking up close to second base and they're still running after the ball," Jackson said.
Slumping Avila gets night off against tough lefty
DETROIT -- Three weeks ago, Alex Avila was enjoying his best tear of the season, an 11-game hitting streak in which he was batting .457 (16-for-35) with eight RBIs.
In 15 games since, he's 5-for-45 with 17 strikeouts, including a current 0-for-11 streak. Such are the ups and downs of baseball.
Avila has caught Justin Verlander for 20 of his 27 starts this season, including nine out of his previous 10. With left-hander Chris Sale on the mound and a day game on Monday, however, Avila was off Sunday night in favor of Gerald Laird.
Avila spent some of the time getting some extra hitting work, trying to get his timing back. His knees, he said, are fine despite some awkward swings Saturday night against White Sox lefty Francisco Liriano.
Jason Beck is a reporter for MLB.com. Read Beck's Blog and follow him on Twitter @beckjason. Anthony Odoardi is an associate reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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This entry was posted on Sunday, July 31st, 2011 at 11:21 pm and is filed under . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
2012 Scion iQ
Sunday July 31st, 2011 at 11:77 PM
Posted by: Derek


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Discussion in 'Pro Match Results and Discussion' started by SQA333, Nov 14, 2012.
Is Nadal's #4 ranking in jeopardy before the end of the year?
Yeah, I was wondering about this too. How likely is Ferrer to get to #4 by AO 2012? How many points is he behind right now?
Is the number 4 ranking important? :lol:
The number 4 seeding at the AO 2013 is.
365 points behind.
I don't know when Nadal will start playing again exactly, but obviously Ferrer could get some points in the pre-AO hardcourt season. Doha, Brisbane, that kind of stuff. Don't know if Nadal will play those, so maybe Ferrer can make the difference there. Although I do remember him losing to Monfils last year in Doha so he won't have too many point to defend there..
Not really. You've got to beat Djokovic to win the AO regardless. Doesn't matter if you meet him the QF, SF or F. And if Nadal meets Federer in the QF its a great draw for Nadal. Draws mean nothing. The best player wins in the end. Plus I think Nadal would like to see Ferrer reach the top 4.
Would Nadal rather:
Have to meet Fed in the semis and Djok or Murray in the Final
Have to meet Djokovic in the quarters, Murray in the semis and Fed in the Final?
Well, Nadal needs to be physically fresh to beat Djokovic on a hardcourt more than any other opponent. The only hardcourt slam final Nadal ever won over Djokovic was 2010 US Open when Nadal cruised through the first 6 rounds like never before.
So he'd rather face Djokovic in the QF than any other round. So I'd say scenario 2 would be ADVANTAGE NADAL.
Nadal has 150 points from DC, I don't know if he can lose those?
Also, Nadal has 90 Doha points, which he might lose if he decides not to play Doha next year.
Ferrer on the other defends Brisbane title (250 points)
The DC count I don't quite get unfortunately.
No he can't. Ferrer's already got too many small tournament results to count, so winning Doha and/or Brisbane won't add a single point to his tally (in fact, he won in Auckland at the very start of the year, and this result isn't counted in his total number of points).
Nadal can lose a few points, though (not that many, ie 240 max, but this might be enough depending on how many Ferrer gains in the DC final--I didn't do the maths).
I hope Nadal is ranked number 5 so his comeback can look even more impressive. It's hard to top 2010 when he was ranked 4 in March and took the number one ranking in June.
Nadal could perfectly be ranked 5 or 6 in june and finish next year as no. 1 if he wins Wimbledon and the USO.
Yep, and in that scenario (Nadal winning Wimbledon and US Open) Federer will fall some by losing Wimbledon, Murray can't gain anything unless he wins 2 slams (and will lose by not winning the US Open), and Djokovic can't gain unless he makes the Wimbledon final.
murray can pick up rank points in masters too dont forget..he didnt win any of the 9 masters tournys this year..and is capable of winning some and adding rank points...
nadal has that atp 500 clay tourny in acapulco he had added as he tweaks his schedule, and i suppose depending on how he feels a 250 event on clay before that..i think ferrer hoovered up some points in this bit of the tour in 2012.
For the year end ranking of next year, it won't really matter what is to gain and what is to lose. It's just a matter of who has the best 2013 of course. Nadal has as much chance to be that guy as Murray or Federer has.
What round did he lose in? That makes a difference too.
Nadal has a SF in Doha. Ferrer won Brisbane.
can't wait to see ferrer ranked in front of the nadal... but we'll have to wait for early 2013 for that, even if he can gain some more points with the DC final.
I think he can't overtake him anymore, here is why:
1. nadal will lose 150 points because of last years final
2. ferrer can gain a maximum of 75 points per victory = 150.
3. nadal could lose his doha 90 points
4. doesn't matter whether ferrer does defend auckland or not, he's won already enough other non-counting 250's
that would be enough to make the difference (ferrer would lead by 390-365 = 25 points). !BUT! if nadal drops his 90 doha points, he could add 45 from halle which did not count so far.
-> ferrer is at best -20 before the AO starts and can't overtake nadal.
If this was at a Halloween Party, whoever dressed up as Nadal did a very good job. Looks just like him!
BTW, I don't think Ferrer can pick up any points at DC this week.
Yes it is. Federer in his 30s finished in the top 3 every single time. Prime nadal is struggling to stay in the top 4. :lol:
His teamates seem to hold Ferrer in high regard. A great player and a nice person...(with a very pretty girlfriend)
Is Nadal the one on the extrene left??
Hapy Hallo'wen
Nope it's Schivione.....shudder.
Woosh. That was the actual point going right over your head.
Def didn't help matters with that example though either.
As #4 seed, he could play #5 to #8 in the QF, before playing #1 or #2 in the SF, and then playing #1 or #2 in the F.
As #5 seed, he could play #1 to #4 in the QF, before playing #1 to #2 in the SF, and then playing #1 or #2 in the F.
So say Nadal is #4 seed. He can get any of Ferrer, and then Djokovic and Federer in either order in the SF and F.
But if Nadal is #5 seed, he can get Murray, Djokovic and Federer in any order in the QF, SF, and F.
So would Nadal rather play Ferrer, Federer, and then Djokovic?
Or would he rather play Murray, Federer, and then Djokovic?
What's all this about Ferrer winning Brisbane?
the good news is that he doesn't even have to defend his auckland points as it's one of his non-countable results:
but, on the other hand, he can't gain points either, if he wins it again...
So are you saying if a player missed 6 months of competition its an achievement if you overtake him in the rankings?
Federer is a machine, and Nadal has never been physically comparable. You are just finding out now? Nadal has been injury-prone since day one. Although Nadal has won at least one slam per year for 8 years in a row (tied the record this year), and will make it 9 next year, so that's WINNING longevity. Federer's longevity is more related to reaching QFs.
Both Ferrer and Murray have beaten Nadal at the AO and USO, but Ferrer takes more energy out of Nadal than Murray does. So I'd rather Nadal play Murray in the QF. QF is the most physically impactive round of a slam. Can't produce your best tennis in the SF/F if your legs are shot in the QF.
Holmes: Really? I didn't realise. For a moment I thought that Federer had reached far more Major finals than Ralph.
Watson: Er, Holmes...
The only thing that is sure to happen for Nadal in 2013 is that he will turn 27.
i thought nadal was the one on the extreme right. :twisted: vamos :twisted:
He does look like he's lost weight judging by this photo above.
I could speculate, but I shan't bother, I'm sure it's because of all the training he's doing.
Hey Ralph ,
Your avatar is really good
Separate names with a comma.


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I started blogging about the Packers in 2007. In the four years since, I've tried to make a habit of owning up to opinions I have that turn out to be misplaced or, to put a finer point on it, flat out wrong.
Earlier this season, I wrote the following:
Grant takes way too much time to get to the line, let alone get through it. On run after run yesterday we saw Panther safeties crashing down and turning what could have been decent gains into minimal ones because of Grant's labored efforts at attacking the defense from deep I formations.
It's time for the coaches to gently but firmly put Grant on the sideline save for when Starks needs a breather. They're only cheating the offense by not doing so.
Well, ever since Thanksgiving or so, Ryan Grant has made me look completely foolish.
Not only has he regained whatever burst I thought he'd lost, (seriously - that 80 yard touchdown catch and run?), he's found his vision, excelled in pass protection and showed softer hands out of the backfield on screens and checkdowns than at any point in his career. He has done all this while still being a punishing runner who almost always gains yards after contact and who has brought a much needed sense of stability to a backfield that seemed perilously thin not just a few weeks ago.
The running back will never be a major star in Mike McCarthy's offense, but having one who is playing as well as Grant is makes things a lot easier for both McCarthy and his quarterback.
And it requires blowhards like myself to acknowledge that I was flat out wrong about Ryan Grant.
- Like Like
- -1 points


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J.Lo's Beau Targeted by Finger-Pointing 'Former Best Friend'
For months, a disgruntled dancer once acquainted with Casper Smart has publicly and cuttingly questioned his commitment to Jennifer Lopez. Radar Online breaks down the Twitter war waged by a rug-cutter named Joshua Lee Ayers, who hoofed alongside Smart on the 2010 flick "Step Up 3D" (they were both part of the House of Samurai dance crew, as anyone who caught this cinematic extravaganza already knows).
Since March, Ayers has accused J.Lo's beau of all kinds of things, from stealing dance moves (i.e., the plotline of "Bring It On") to not playing for the superstar's team, a claim he tried to back up by sharing a photo of a shirtless Casper sporting gold lamé hot pants jokingly stuffed with what appears to be a Snapple bottle.
"he a complete #POSERand foolin U and all Of @JLo fans...," tweeted Ayers. "The truth is come out soon. And u gonna feel stupid. Lol."
(Note to aspiring trash-talkers: Proper grammar is so important in the dissing game. Trust.)
The official word from the couple's rep (yep, they share a rep now -- Casper has officially arrived): "Casper is not gay," their spokesman tells Radar. "These comments are born from envy and jealousy."
But Ayers' bad-mouthing continues. He also took his bitterness over to In Touch, billing himself as Casper's "former best friend" and labeling him a "great self-promoter" with "questionable" talent.
See, according to Ayers, it was Smart's then-girlfriend who landed him the backup-dancing gig with Lopez, but "he used her to get what he wanted, then left her for J. Lo."
The miffed Ayers then warns, "He's willing to do whatever Jennifer wants as long as it furthers his own career."
J.Lo, 42, hooked up with Smart, 25, last fall, shortly after her marriage to Marc Anthony hit the skids. Since then, they've rarely been apart, with the superstar showering her non-famous squeeze with expensive gifts and promoting him to a choreographer on her tour.
If we were the betting type, we'd put even money on Casper becoming hubby No. 4 once her divorce is finalized.
Hottest bikini bodies: 40 and over


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Such is the case for the city of Russellville. Faced with the prospect of fairly drastic cuts in city services, especially in public safety, the city hit it lucky when the LOPFI police and fire pension funds reported a $371,000 credit due the city's coffers.
That's more money than a 1-mill property tax increase would raise. Coupled with an overall tightening of the budget, it will get the city through 2004. The windfall will buy time for the city to work on longer-term budget adjustments and will give city leaders a chance to see if a rising economic tide will lift city revenues, which depend heavily on sales taxes.
Mayor Raye Turner is to be commended for getting her budget proposal distributed to the City Council and to the media a full day before the council's first meeting. That gave the council and the public a chance to start digesting the numbers before Thursday's meeting.
Of course, the process of considering those numbers is just beginning. The proposal to cut funding for the Arkansas Valley Alliance for Economic Development and for Main Street Russellville will surely spur significant debate, which must include a decision on what would be cut if those funds are restored.
The Alliance has a contract with the city to work on attracting new firms. It seems to us that eliminating the funding for growth is like eating your seed corn instead of planting it. Businesses and factories have a life cycle, which means new shops and new plants must be attracted to the area to keep the area's economy healthy.
Much the same can be said of Main Street Russellville. The downtown business district was once fading, like other cities' downtowns, as businesses moved to the suburbs. Main Street's efforts have pumped new life and new interest in downtown shops, which in turn pumps investment dollars and tax revenue into the city.
When times are tight, the expenditures for both these entities can be reasonably cut, but elimination goes too far.
Once these issues are settled for the 2004 budget, the mayor and council must begin preparations for 2005. The windfall credit from the pension group is a one-time shot in the arm for the city's finances. Unless preparations are made now, we risk having the same talk of reduced public services and tax increases this time next year.
A sensible, fairly applied increase in the business permit fees could provide part of the answer. A one-mill property tax, if successfully presented to taxpayers in conjunction with city budget cuts, could be another part of the solution.
Whatever course is taken, the city needs to work at rebuilding its rainy-day fund for the next time revenues take a downturn.
- Phillip W. Lamb


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Chemical Safety
Clarkson's Chemical Safety Program encompasses the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), the Laboratory Standard (29 CFR 1910.1450) and a variety of other OSHA and EPA requirements related to chemical safety and hazardous waste. The primary elements of our Chemical Safety Program include written policies and procedures, training, medical consultation, emergency response, periodic compliance inspections and a mandatory registration of highly hazardous chemicals.
The Clarkson University Chemical Hygiene Plan
Laboratory Decommissioning Procedure
If a Faculty member leaves the University or moves a research laboratory, the Laboratory Decommissiong Procedure should be followed. Please allow an adequate amount of time to complete the Lab Decommissioning Procedure. A lab cannot be moved in 24-hours.
Laboratory Decommissioning Procedure
Supporting documents to Laboratory Decommissioning Procedure:
- Laboratory Decommissioning Checklist
- Laboratory Equipment Relocation Form
- Graduate Student Laboratory Clearance Sign-Off
- Where to find MSDS:
- Chemicals: Safety Information Resources Incorporated (SIRI) (maintained by University of Vermont)
- Go to Chemical Manufacturer website: Fisher Scientific or Sigma-Aldrich
- MSDS for Household products
- HazCom Training- The Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910-1200), also known as the "Right to Know Law," provides to staff members the right to know about chemical hazards in their workplace. As part of this standard, new staff members from affected departments receive training immediately upon hire.
Chemical Inventory
All laboratories that contain chemicals must maintain an inventory of the chemicals in the lab and submit an updated chemical inventory on an annual basis to the EHS Manager. Please refer to the Chemical Inventory Guidelines below on how to complete your chemical inventory using the Chemical Inventory Template.
Chemical Spill Response
Laboratories containing chemicals must have a small chemical spill kit in each laboratory for researchers to use. Below is an Inventory of materials that should be included in a Spill Kit. The inventory includes materials that should be in every spill kit as well as materials that should be included based on hazards in the laboratory. There are also procedures to assist researchers in cleaning chemical spills. These procedures should be printed and included with the laboratory spill kit.
Should chemical spills occur that are large or you are unable to handle, please call Campus Safety & Security (x6666) for assistance.
Transporting and Shipping Hazardous Materials
- Transport & Shipping of Hazardous Materials-Moving and shipping hazardous materials on campus.
Additional links - Toxicology info and MSDS collections on the web:
Contact Information:
Erica Arnold
Environmental Health & Safety Manager
107 Graham Hall
Clarkson University
8 Clarkson Avenue
Box 5542
Potsdam, NY 13699
Desk: 315-268-6640
Cell: 315-212-3006
Fax: 315-268-4437
Environmental Health & Safety Program Overview
Laboratory Safety Quick Guides


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Family Room & Den Window Treatments
- Reduce heat gain and block UV rays
- Control light and cut down on glare
- Go cordless for increased child and pet safety
- Motorized shades for hard to reach spots
- Cellulars maintain comfortable temperatures
Family rooms are where we spend much of our time relaxing, entertaining, and gathering together to laugh and play. Depending on your light control and privacy needs, there are a variety of family room window treatments that can provide the functionality you need and the look you want. Consider cordless window treatments to keep this family gathering space safe from the dangers of dangling cords. For windows that are very tall or difficult to reach, you may consider a motorized window treatment that can be remote controlled.
Bali® DiamondCell® Cellular Shades: Light Filtering Double Cell
retail $86.57 $58.00 + an extra 10% off
Certified Best for Kids
Products with this label meet or exceed safety recommendations approved by the Window Covering Manufactures Association (WCMA) and have undergone rigorous third-party testing.
Bali® DiamondCell® Cellular Shades: Blackout Midnight and Legacy
retail $100.00 $67.00 + an extra 10% off
Certified Best for Kids
Products with this label meet or exceed safety recommendations approved by the Window Covering Manufactures Association (WCMA) and have undergone rigorous third-party testing.
Opaque / Blackout (1)
Opaque window treatments are made from fabrics or materials that block light.
Semi-Opaque (1)
Although light is substantially blocked, some vague shadows may be visible.
- Opaque / Blackout (1)
- Semi-Opaque (1)
- refine
Blackout (1)
Blackout blinds and shades can eliminate glare on TVs and monitors, make sleeping easier or simply used to darken a room.
Easy Cleaning (1)
- Blackout (1)
- Easy Cleaning (1)
- refine
French Doors (1)
Take a look at our wide selection of French Door Window Treatments.
Large Windows (1)
Take a look at our entire selection of window treatments for your large windows
- French Doors (1)
- Large Windows (1)
- refine
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More about products in this article
While film nostalgia reaches an all-time high, Seattle-based pro photographer Sofi Lee is turning back to 'digicams' made between 2008 and 2011.
Latest sample galleries
Latest in-depth reviews
The Handevision Iberit 35mm F2.4 is a budget manual-focus prime lens for Leica's M-mount, and a slightly-less-budget alternative for Fujifilm X-mount and Sony E-mount photographers. We've been trying it out for a few days.
The latest product of Huawei's collaboration with Leica is a smartphone with a great all-around imaging feature set that left us very little to complain about.
The Lumix DC-G9 is Panasonic's top stills-oriented camera and can shoot 20 fps with AF. It also features the best stabilization we've tested to date. Read our full review.
The Panasonic GH5S is best understood as an even more video-centric variant of the GH5. We've been shooting with it for a few weeks now – find out how all of Panasonic's tweaks and enhancements for video shooters add up.
What do you get when you combine a compact 360º camera with a well-designed mobile app? A surprisingly fun tool that lets you decide where to point the camera after you've shot your video.


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Case Study: The Natural Abundance of Elements
Many of the elements that comprise not only the Earth, but also humans and other living organisms have their origin in the beginning of the universe. Thus, the very hydrogen atoms in water molecules that we drink are ancient in age! The origin of the universe is inextricably connected to the elements that we find on Earth and in the universe because the particles that formed during the origin are related to the elements of Earth and to those in the universe. The first elements to come into existence at the universe's establishment were hydrogen and a lesser amount of helium.
The Big Bang
The big bang was an explosive event that started it all nearly 13.7 billion years ago according to recent estimates (Michael Seeds, 2007). Without this event, atoms would not have existed. According to astronomers and the big bang theory, the contents of the universe were initially packaged into a very small point that exploded and rapidly expanded to create the universe. Of course, there is evidence to support the big bang theory, one of which is the Doppler effect. Consider a police vehicle with an active siren speeding towards an individual. As the vehicle gradually approaches the sound waves emitted from the siren are compressed causing the wavelength to decrease and the frequency to increase. The siren's sound waves moves closer to you each time a new wave is emitted so one can imagine that these waves are very close to each other. As a result, one would hear a higher pitched siren. On the other hand, if the police vehicle is speeding away from the listener, the sound waves are no longer compressed and one would hear a lower pitched siren because the sound waves gradually move further apart from the listener as the vehicle moves away.
Figure: Doppler effect with sound. Courtesy of NASA.gov 2007 (Official: Phil Newman)
Fortunately, the Doppler effect applies to light waves as well. One can see different colors depending on the frequency of the light source. Again, consider a light source that is speeding towards an observer. Utilizing the same concept explained in the police vehicle siren, one would expect the light waves to be close to each other. Since the color one sees depends on the frequency this short wavelength, high frequency wave would be a high frequency color, blue. Conversely, one would see red light if the light source is speeding away. These observations are conveniently called blue shifts and red shifts, respectively. In the early 1900's astronomers began studying the wavelength of light emitted by distant objects in space; remarkably the astronomers and among them Edwin Hubble, found that galaxies produced red shifts. Furthermore, Hubble found that all light from distant galaxies irrespective of orientation or direction displayed red shifts (Stephen Marshak, 2008). One can logically support the expanding character of the big bang theory through the Doppler effect.
Figure: Courtesy: NASA.gov 2007 Official: Phil Newman
After the big bang explosion, the universe was extremely hot and compact. Soon after, the universe had cooled enough to allow the smallest atoms to form. These were hydrogen atoms. According to estimates, once the universe reached an age of 3 minutes, its temperature had cooled and its diameter had grown to around 100 billion km (Marshak, 2008). More importantly, the cooling allowed new atoms to form. No longer jostling and agitated at the initial high temperature, the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms could collide and stay stuck together to create another small atom, helium. It is important to note that only small atoms were produced because once the universe reached an age of 5 minutes, it had expanded to such a degree that the atoms were too far distanced to collide frequently (Marshak, 2008). Over time, the universe consisted merely of electrons arbitrarily floating in space while its temperature continued to drop until molecules like H2 could form (the cooler temperature allowed atoms to bind and form molecules). As the temperature continued to fall, atoms and molecules proceeded to slow down and began to form amorphous groups of gas called nebulae. It is no surprise that the nebulae is made of small atoms like hydrogen and helium.
The Universe, Stars and Planets
The aforementioned nebulae forms the stars and thus a solar system. Since the nebulae is a patchy cloud of gas it exerts gravity and it continued to pull in gas from the surrounding region. According to Stephen Marshak, this is a prime example of " 'the rich getting richer.' " In other words, as the nebulae pulled in more gases and increased its density, it was able to pull in larger amounts of gas. Over time, the motion of gas pushed the nebulae into a rotation that increases in speed. A great way to understand this concept is an ice skater who tucks in the arms to increase her speed in a spin. Eventually, the rotating dense center of gas became an accretion disk that caused an inward collapse of gas into the very center creating a hot ball of gas which ultimately becomes the star. The remaining gases surrounding the newly formed sun developed into concentric disks that will ultimately form a planet. The material in these rings condense and accrete (smaller chunks collide and remain stuck to each other forming a larger piece) to form a body of sufficient mass to be labeled a planetesimal. Usually planetesimals are interstellar bodies that have a diameter greater than 1km (Seeds, 2008). Just as the nebulae grew in size by pulling in more gas, a planetesimal can transition into a protoplanet by pulling in more material around itself. The following image illustrates the central protostar and concentric rings forming around it as premature orbits. Indeed, this process called the solar nebula theory has validity because we are able to see distantly forming solar systems with a dim central protostar surrounded by gas. The following images represent what we think an accretionary disk looks like while the second image is an actual image of other protostars and planets.
Courtesy of NASA. 2007 Updated: Silvia Stoyanova.
Why is the central protostar hot?
The kinetic energy of the inward collapsing gases were instantly changed into heat energy. Moreover, the increasing density caused by the inward collapse of gases and the proceeding addition of these gases contributed to the high temperature. The newly formed, hot protostar continues to grow by continuing to pull in more gas from the surrounding space thus increasing the temperature until nuclear fusion reactions - the combination of hydrogen nuclei to form helium nuclei - occur. Thus, the protostar has ignited and a star is formed.
Stars Produce Elements - Nucleosynthesis
Now, you know that the first stars produced mainly hydrogen and helium, however the present universe contains many more elements. The origin of these elements we are so familiar with today like carbon or silicon were formed during the life of stars. Specific reactions within the star like fusion reactions help fuse small nuclei to make larger nuclei. Moreover, the type of reactions that occur in a star depend on the mass of the star. With greater mass, the star will be more dense and hold more heat. With higher temperatures particle velocity greatly increases to allow larger nuclei to collide and form even larger nuclei. For example, the sun in our solar system is low in mass relative to other known stars and produces elements up to atomic number 26 (Marshak, 2005). Sometimes, large atoms all for cataclysmic circumstances to form like supernova explosions. These explosions actually cause neutrons to collide to other atoms and decay into a proton adding to the atom's mass which forms a new element. This process of combining lighter nuclei to form heavier nuclei is called nucleosynthesis.
Figure: Courtesy of NASA 2010. Example of nucleosynthesis within a star.
Over time, as stars live and form elements they eventually die and release gas or undergo a supernova explosion which hurdles matter out into space. In their wake, these atoms in space will form new nebulae and mix with other surrounding atoms. As a result, nebulae increase in diversity with each succeeding generation of stars. Once a star lives and dies, it contributes unique elements to the succeeding generation of stars. In turn, these stars will live and die to contribute elements to the next generation and so on.
Elemental Abundance in the Universe
Hydrogen (75%) and helium (23%) are the most abundant elements in the universe. Other abundant elements like carbon and oxygen were finally produced in later generations of stars. Stars make elements throughout their life and contribute them to the interstellar space at death. Notice the dominance of hydrogen in the solar system in the following chart. Most of the elements that comprise our bodies are "impurities" in the solar system when compared to hydrogen and helium.
Courtesy of NASA.gov 2010.
Different elements in different areas - Condensation Sequence
Although elements like hydrogen and helium are the most abundant in the universe, one will find different types of matter. For example, in our solar system there are two types of planets terrestrial and Jovian planets. Different materials make up the composition of these planets thus giving our solar system diversity in elemental abundance. Planets like Mars and the Earth - those that are closer to the sun - are composed mainly of metals and rock. This is a direct result of higher temperatures from proximity to the sun causing only metals and rocky silicates to condense. Farther out in the solar system are the Jovian planets like Jupiter and Saturn that are composed primarily of gases and ices because the farther the distance from the sun the colder it becomes in space. As a result, only ices of elements like methane, nitrogen, and ammonia could condense. Moreover, since we know that hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements these Jovian planets took advantage of this surplus to grow to enormous sizes. This sequence of heavier elements near the sun versus low-density ices far from the sun is called the condensation sequence. This distance from the sun is critical in determining the composition of planets and the characteristics that may dominate that planet.
Condensation Sequence and visualization of the "Frost Line". This image is from the Windows to the Universe® (http://windows2universe.org) © 2010, National Earth Science Teachers Association.
Elements on Earth
The Earth is a geologically dynamic planet. It is composed of heavy elements in contrast to the lighter, low-density elements found in the Jovian planets. Earth is composed of iron (35%), oxygen (30%), silicon (15%), and magnesium (10%) mainly. The other 10% is composed of the other 88 naturally occurring elements (Marshak, 2008). The most common materials in the Earth are silicate minerals which is simply silicon mixed with oxygen; the mixture is also mixed with other elements like iron, magnesium, aluminum, or potassium. This silicate mineral is the main constituent of Earth's silicate rocks.
Charts Provided by NASA and Associated Partners, 2010
Where Can I Find These Elements?
We have explained that hydrogen and helium dominate our solar system. We have also described the elemental composition of the Earth relative to the elemental abundance in the Universe. But where exactly is most of this hydrogen and helium? Since hydrogen and helium dominate and that star formation originates from a nebulae, it is only logical to find that the composition of the sun, which is the largest body in our solar system is mainly hydrogen and helium with very small traces of heavier elements, around 2% (Seeds, 2008). So, these elements in the sun must have been the original nebular gases. Iron is also abundant in the universe and we find much of it in the Earth. However, the Jovian planets also have metallic cores, albeit smaller cores, since a planet's structure is dictated by the density of the materials; denser materials differentiate toward the center like iron or nickel. We also find iron in the core of meteorites in the solar system. Since it's in the center, it supports the differentiation of materials during planetary formation. Iron is also very abundant! If one would like to know where to find ices of methane or ammonia, one would use the condensation sequence to narrow down which planets to study. For instance, if you were to search for a rocky planet it would be best to look for a planet closer to the sun and is not beyond the "frost line." On the other hand, gas giant planets filled with ices and gas are normally found far from the sun and beyond the frost line like Uranus and Neptune.
There are also some peculiar cases like on the moons of Jupiter and Saturn. For instance Io, one of Jupiter's moons exhibits active volcanoes on its surface and continues to blast out ash. These volcanoes release massive amounts of oxygen gas, which is something common on the Earth. Io's atmosphere also smells like sulfur. Another unique case is the moon system of Saturn.One of these moons, Titan has giant lakes of liquid methane and also spews out large amounts of methane ice. On Enceladus, another of Saturn's moons actually spews out icy particles and organic materials. There is also strong evidence for powerful heat sources in the interior. Combining heat, organic materials, and possibly liquid water, Enceladus has the potential to harbor life. How is all this possible so far away from the sun, which is a primary source of heat?
Active eruption on Io taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft. Courtesy of NASA 2010.
These moons represent separate condensation sequences and the mini solar system character of the Jovian planets. As these planets were forming long ago, they also had their own concentric rings of material surrounding the dense, central protoplanet. The powerful gravitational pull of Jupiter and Saturn provides a constant heat source to drive geological processes on these moons.
Courtesy of the Jet Propulsion Lab in California. NASA 2010.
- Cox, P.A. "The Elements on Earth: Inorganic Chemistry in the Environment." New York: Oxford University Press, 1995
- Seaborg, Glenn Theodore. "Elements of the Universe." New York: Dutton, 1958
- Seeds, Michael. "The Solar System." Boston: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2011.
- Marshak, Stephen. "The Earth: Portrait of a Planet." New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2005.
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_the_chemical_elements#Abundance_of_elements_in_the_Universe
- http://bjm.scs.uiuc.edu/papers/McCall2006a.pdf
- http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/YBA/M31-velocity/Doppler-shift-2.html
- http://astro.berkeley.edu/~mwhite/darkmatter/bbn.html
- http://www.nasa.gov/sitemap/sitemap_nasa.html
- http://www.windows2universe.org/
- http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/nucleo.html
- http://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/betapic.html
- http://edmall.gsfc.nasa.gov/99invest.Site/ACE/CoElAb.html
- http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Io
- http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/
- http://www.physics.hku.hk/~nature/CD...es/chap14.html
Practice Problems
1. What two elements is the universe mostly comprised of?
A. Carbon and Hydrogen
B. Hydrogen and Helium
C. Oxygen and Hydrogen
D. Phosphorous and Oxygen
2. Can we predict the types of planets of other solar systems? If so, how?
3. What is evidence for the Big Bang? How does the Big Bang figure into our lives?
4. Explain the difference between blue shifts and red shifts and what they represent.
5. Where did the material making up your body and the Earth for that matter originate?
6. Is it possible to form newer elements in the future? If so, how would these elements be formed?
7. How are Jovian Planets similar to a star?
8. Can we conclude that other solar systems were formed the same way ours was? Support your answer with evidence and logical explanations.
- Lea Porteous (UCD), Charlie Wang (UCD)


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Visit U.S. Armor at the NTOA Tactical Conference 2013
U.S. Armor will be at the upcoming NTOA Tactical Conference being held at the Kansas City Marriott Hotel (Sept. 22-27, 2013). NTOA is celebrating its 30th year and U.S. Armor will be there at Booth #234. Visit our booth during the show for all your Tactical Body Armor needs, questions, ballistic spec inquiries just to try on a vest and feel the U.S. Armor difference!
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Request more product info from U.S. Armor Corporation.
Thank You!


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Job numbers up big before sequester
New jobs numbers released Friday revealed a February spike in hiring, as the economy showed better-than-expected job growth in the final weeks before a round of federal spending cuts went into effect that economists warn could wipe the gains away.
Democrats have called for delaying the cuts while Republicans have pushed to limit their impact on the military, but so far there has been little evidence the two parties are ready to strike any deals.
Story Continued Below
The positive news failed to budge either camp from its corner, and both Republicans and the White House pivoted off the news to push their own solutions to the longstanding budget battle.
( The Scrum Podcast: Analysis on Obama's GOP outreach, Rand Paul's filibuster)
"Any job creation is positive news, but the fact is unemployment in America is still way above the levels the Obama White House projected when the trillion-dollar stimulus spending bill was enacted, and the federal government's ongoing spending binge has resulted in a debt that exceeds the size of our entire economy," Speaker John Boehner said in a statement.
The White House warned of the need to blunt the sequester's impact – and put the onus on Congress to get a deal done.
"The Administration continues to urge Congress to move toward a sustainable Federal budget in a responsible way that balances tax loophole closing, entitlement reform, and sensible spending cuts, while making critical investments in the economy that promote growth and job creation and protecting our most vulnerable citizens," Alan Krueger, chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, said in a statement.
The economy added 236,000 jobs in February while unemployment dropped to 7.7 percent from 7.9 percent, federal economists reported Friday. The number far surpassed analyst predictions that 165,000 jobs would be added in February.
The jobs report is the last before the economy begins to feel the after-effects of the sequester, a set of across-the-board federal spending cuts that went into effect this month. The Congressional Budget Office says the sequester will cost 750,000 jobs in 2013 and shave 0.6 percent off of economic growth.
The report is a bright spot amid some signs of potential trouble for the economy. Economic growth was almost completely stagnant in the last quarter of 2012, and overall the economy remains stuck on a track of slow growth that has failed to undo the damage of the 2008-09 recession.
February saw a significant bump in construction jobs, as the sector added 48,000 new workers. And 17,000 of those jobs were in new home construction, another in a string of signs that the long-stagnant housing sector — which has been instrumental to past post-recession recoveries — is beginning to recover.
The monthly jobs number is a snapshot and economists warn that the long-term trend is far more important than one month.
Among the few blemishes on Friday's report was a downward revision to the January job count. After collecting more data, the federal economists now say 119,000 jobs were added in January, down from their initial estimate of 157,000 jobs.


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An inquiry about the reasonableness of ABAG's goals for Palo Alto is putting the cart before the horse. California, which has authority over all local governments, requires that worker housing be near workers' jobs for two reasons among many: to avoid wasteful expenditure on worker transportation and to insure that the money-making entities pay for their workers' children's schools.
For years Palo Alto was deemed to be in default by several hundred homes a year due to the jobs created in the industrial park; outsourcing, the recession and foreclosure exacerbated the deficit because workers' income declined so much, yet the workers remained in place, homeless. Where could they go?
The last straw is the new Stanford Hospital. Hospitals use three to four workers for every patient bed, and two-thirds of them are on evening and night shifts, so they can't come from Coyote and Stanislaus County by public transportation, even if homes could be built for them there. Do the math: A 700-bed hospital requires 2,100 not-rich workers, and the City Council seems oblivious.
Meanwhile, Palo Alto keeps destroying worker housing space, replacing cottages with offices and starter castles. As we speak, 125 modest but livable mobile homes are on the block, to be replaced by luxury homes and ... that's right, more offices, i.e., more jobs. This ostensibly built-out city keeps turning up more space for money-making development in unlikely places — the flood plain for San Francisquito Creek, the World War I Julia Morgan hospitality house, Red Cross and Little League field. Who knew?
Stephanie Munoz
Alma Street
Palo Alto
Underground solves problems
With or without high-speed rail, place the Southern Pacific railroad tracks underground. This will resolve many of our traffic problems at San Antonio and Charleston Road crossings.
Reserve 27 University Ave. land as a home for TheatreWorks and other cultural activities. Cultural activities will generate traffic mostly during evenings and weekends. They will not complicate the cramped traffic grid and lack of parking we now have in downtown Palo Alto. With the underground railroad tracks and possibly underground bus and train stations, land above will be available for downtown parking. Then, 27 University Ave. will be an excellent site for dense, high-rise development because it is adjacent to a major rail corridor. More downtown workers will commute by Caltrain. At the same time, Alma Street can be widened by six feet to accommodate a planter to separate north and southbound traffic.
A special community demands tough-minded decisions. Further cutting of city services is required. If we go after every amenity that is "nice" to have, we forgo the parks, promenades and commercial land that a buried railroad will generate. I remember a figure of 75 acres made available above buried rail tracks when this idea was suggested many years ago. And land values all over our more livable city will rise.
I ask you to be miserly with our pennies and squirrel away the dollars saved. Planning and undergrounding the railroad tracks will cost plenty. But traffic problems that have plagued us for so many decades will be lessened and we will enjoy a vibrant, improved Palo Alto.
Bob Roth
Middlefield Road
Palo Alto
Shelters need help
There is a lack of shelter beds in the Palo Alto area. There have not been enough beds for those in need for a long time. There are even fewer total shelter beds in the area now that Clara Mateo closed.
As Google and other local employers offer landlords higher and higher rents to house their recent hires from out of the area, there are fewer low-cost rentals for locals.
The armory in Sunnyvale that shelters a couple of hundred people in the winter is scheduled to close sometime soon.
In fact, one of the only groups actually adding shelter beds around here are some Stanford students who put together a shelter for 15 women last winter that was open for 90 days. They did it with a lot of their own time and donated resources from individuals, local churches and InnVision. That was their pilot project. It was called the Hotel de Zink: Women's Shelter (HdZW).
Now they're in the process of incorporating as a California public benefit charity — The Heart and Home Collaborative — whose first project will be a women's shelter. It is being organized with input from shelter guests and community members who are building on the work and experiences of the HdZW.
They need help. They need locations to house the shelter for at least a few weeks. They need donations.
Chuck Jagoda
El Camino Real
Palo Alto
This story contains 769 words.
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EAST COUNTY — When Sarasota County officials approved their 2050 Plan in 2002, they had a specific vision for shaping growth in undeveloped areas of the county, particularly lands east of I-75.
Developers shared their enthusiasm for creating urban-style, walkable communities with a variety of housing and employment options.
But, more than 10 years later, only one project has been developed — Neal Communities' Grand Palm development, in Venice.
Lakewood Ranch developer Schroeder-Manatee Ranch has held off on starting its Villages at Lakewood Ranch South project, a 5,500-acre community clustered around seven large lakes east of I-75 and south of University Parkway, despite receiving county approval in May 2010. Other developers, including Neal, have followed the same lead.
"There have been some obstacles that have prevented anyone from building under 2050, except (me)," Neal said. "I've got the only 2050 project ever built, Grand Palm. It (took) eight years and $1 million in approvals for a fairly simple project. (Our) new project would be more complex than that, and I believe most everyone believes the complexity is unnecessary."
Sarasota County commissioners heard from county staff Jan. 30 about recommended changes to 2050 — changes meant to help development going forward. Based on meetings with property owners and representatives of SMR and Neal Communities, county staff is recommending modifications to 2050, including ones pertaining to fiscal-neutrality conditions, housing-type requirements, density limitations and others.
"We have to be cognizant of the changing market conditions," Commissioner Joe Barbetta said. "This plan is 11 years old. I think we need to adjust it. I'd like to see something happen with this plan; I'd like to see it work."
Commissioners authorized staff to prepare a scoping document to identify anticipated issues, public engagement opportunities, an anticipated timeline and workload and to initiate the appropriate implementation steps.
County staff said requests are generally centered on three themes: marketability, predictability and flexibility.
Todd Pokrywa, vice president of planning for SMR, agreed.
"We should not lose sight of the fact that the recommendations provided by the private sector do not seek to change what 2050 was intended to do — clustering development and preserving open space," he said. "For our part, SMR has evaluated what we need to do to accomplish the goals of 2050. The broad goals are not being questioned, but the provisions preventing them from being accomplished are what we have focused on. The recommendations provide what we believe is the recipe to make 2050 attainable as the incentive-based plan that it was intended to be."
For example, the 2050 Plan requires development be fiscally neutral. Fiscal impacts are monitored every two years, and if fiscal neutrality cannot be proven, development is forced to halt. Pokrywa said the concept does not comply with recent changes in state law and also does not take into account the natural "ebb and flow" of revenues and expenses for a project, which would have higher upfront costs, because of infrastructure improvements.
"There are a number of provisions that require starting and stopping or going back to the county for approvals," Pokrywa said. "Those are extremely problematic. We don't know if we build the first house, if we can build the last (house). Given that circumstance, we won't build the first house."
Additionally, 2050's housing-type requirements do not allow developers to adjust to changes in the real-estate market; additional flexibility is needed to make projects viable, he said. For example, in Manatee County, SMR's Cypress Banks Development of Regional Impact, which now includes the Summerfield, Greenbrook and Country Club communities, originally was pitched as a destination resort. Its plan was modified 14 times.
In total, property owners and developers are requesting 37 zoning amendments and Comprehensive Plan policy changes to Sarasota's 2050 Plan.
Contact Pam Eubanks at [email protected].
EAST COUNTY — When Sarasota County officials approved their 2050 Plan in 2002, they had a specific vision for shaping growth in undeveloped areas of the county, particularly lands east of I-75.


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How to Win Super Tuesday
Take it from them! Just take it!
Forget your fickle fossil fuel subsidies, your position on amnesty for illegals, your corporate bailouts! Forget them!
Who cares for your stupid little war on drugs, your ignorant stimulus spending, your silly stem cell debate? Who cares?!?!
If you want to win Super Tuesday, Mr. Politician, take off your shirt, ride a horse and go shoot a stinking tiger!
And if they try to stop you from winning? There is only one thing left to do.
KEEEEEEEEEEEL them.
– – –
Of course, the above method may not translate well to the 2012 baseball season. I have tried touting my team as the 2012 World Series Champions already. But it's not working.
Don't hate me 'cuz I'm right.


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This review of the Panasonic AG-HVX200 will be slightly different, in part because it's really a review of two products—the HVX200 and the Focus FireStore FS-100, a 100GB DDR that can be mounted directly on the Panasonic camera. I tested both products in the field, ignored all the technical papers, and shot in the southern Louisiana heat and humidity. I shot in swamps, gardens, a powwow, the French Quarter, and in the rain. In the process the camera was bumped, dropped, spilled on, and more.
I ran the Panasonic HVX200 with the FS-100, both mounted on a CineSaddle by Cinekinetic. The final footage was brought into Final Cut Pro 5.1.
The Star Of Our Show The HVX200 is slightly larger and heavier than its popular DV-only precursor, the AG-DVX100. The controls are convenient on the left side and make shooting with manual control in real time easy to do. The P2 card slots are at the back of the body, just above the battery. During my shooting I found it very easy to get used to the control layout and to do fine manual adjustments. Shooting in the field with the HVX200 and Cinesaddle
The camera also shoots in a variety of formats. Standard-def DV records DVCPRO DV to MiniDV tape. Other supported formats—DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, and DVCPRO HD (720p, 1080p, 1080i—including variable frame rates for 720p shooting)—record to the P2 system only (P2 cards or external recording option). The variable frame rate options for over- and under-cranking the system range from 12fps to 60fps. This is the method used to get fast- and slow-motion in film. When combined with fast shutter speeds, it captures the clearest motion effects.
The HVX200 also has the same image-tweaking controls as the DVX100, including Knee, Gamma Curve, Detail Coring, Syncro Scan, Chroma Level, and Phase. I won't go into what all these mean; let's just say it makes this not so much a video camera as a digital film camera. All these settings can be stored in Scene Files. You can select one of six Scene Files via the dial at the back of the camera, and all can be customized. The HVX also adds the option of saving these Scene Files to an SD card. This allows you to duplicate camera settings from one camera to another. They can also be edited in a text editor on your computer.
The HVX200 is a little heavier than most handheld cameras. The weight is not bad, but if I had to hold this up for more than a couple of hours, I'd start to notice the extra weight, especially with an FS-100 and light mounted on it. Regardless, it is a phenomenally well-balanced camera when hand-held (unless you have tiny hands).
If I used this for a wedding, I'd shoot in DVCPRO/DV on MiniDV tape so I wouldn't worry about the extra weight (at least from the FS-100). But the real magic happens in the HD modes—as for the picture quality, it's incredible! The full 4:2:2 color space of DVCPRO-HD is amazing. In post I can push color correction and effects much more than is available with DV or HDV, versatile and powerful as those formats are. The picture quality really is there. It's a film look like I've not seen on any other DV camera—beyond even the DVX100. Like I said, I consider this a "digital film" camera.
Low-light areas suffer a little bit of grain. This means it won't hold up to the extreme low-light situations of wedding receptions and other social events where you can't control the lighting. That said, with a mounted light, the HVX200 could hold its own under most low-light event scenarios.
I love the pre-record buffer, as I can hit record and up to seven seconds in Tape mode, and three seconds in HD mode will be there from before I hit the record button. You can dub your P2 footage in-camera to MiniDV tape. It's not an ideal solution to the current storage limitations of P2, but just keep in mind that HD and HDV for wedding and event video are brand new. There are a lot of inherent problems that will have to work themselves out over time.
Moving P2 footage into your NLE is simple. Via FireWire, the camera mounts the P2 cards just like a hard drive. With the card recognized and mounted, copy the folders to your media drive. Or, like in Final Cut, save a step and import the P2 card's data directly into your project.
My only serious problems with the HVX200 are the painfully slow zoom servo and the almost non-functioning auto-focus. For all practical purposes, the auto-focus doesn't function if you zoom in or out during a shot. Thankfully, Panasonic includes a Focus Assist button that really helps out with focusing HD material manually on that tiny LCD screen.
FireStore FS-100 The FS-100 by Focus Enhancements is basically a hard drive designed for direct video recording and immediate access to acquired footage in post. Once you get back to the studio, plug it in, and transfer your footage from the FS-100 to your local media drive on your edit bay. That's it!
The FS-100 is the big brother to the FS-4 (See FS-4 review). The casing is the same size, but the FS-100 comes with a larger 100GB hard drive and the ability to record DVCPRO-HD/P2 material. The drawback is that it is a FAT 32-formatted hard drive, thus, has a 2GB limit (the FS-4 uses the same filesystem, but it's more of an issue with the larger HD files). But I found it did a great job at cutting those files accurately. I recorded long enough to do more than a 2GB capture file. It split into two different clips. When I placed them in my NLE's timeline back to back, it was seamless. The FireStore FS-100
The FS-100 also has some very nice utilities built in. Running on a Linux operating system, it is very robust and reliable. It can repair minor glitches on the hard drive and to clips. You can set the back light, organize your clips into Reels for long, complex shoots, and even record "live" to the drive while the camera is idle. It also has a pre-record buffer and a variety of timecode-generation options, almost identical to the HVX200 itself. The variety and quality of the FS-100's utilities and functions really make it a worthwhile investment.
Although operation of the FS-100 can be sort of clumsy—such as having to race through its menu system—in practice it's not that bad. I found that after the first hour or two of shooting with it, I was very comfortable with the menus and could navigate them very quickly. There are three user-assignable buttons on the front. You can set these for your most often used functions.
Weight can be an issue when you mount the FS-100 directly on the HVX200. While shooting with the CineSaddle or tripod, there was no weight problem. I used the included belt clip to hang it on the side of my CineSaddle.
Both Panasonic and Focus recommend the JimmyBox for mounting the FS-100 to the camera's underside. My Focus rep tells me that they are working toward an FS-100/HVX200-specific JimmyBox solution.
FireWire—Blessing or Curse? The FireWire connection between the HVX200 and the FS-100 is not a problem in the studio. In the field, it creates issues that need to be addressed. I had two moments over two weeks where the HVX200 flashed on its LCD screen, "1394 Device Disconnected." Pretty nice that the camera is smart enough to know, and to tell you right away! A tiny wiggle to each end of the cable and the warning went away and I was recording again.
I've heard concerns about breaking the FireWire connectors in the camera and in the FS-100 unit itself. This is the nature of FireWire connections. Focus tells me they have a multitude of these types of devices operating all over the world and they've had few problems. Even the hard drives hold up well. And after surviving the abuse my test unit went through, I believe it!
One solution to the FireWire cable concern is to get an elbow joint connector. I've seen several online from various companies. It is simply an adapter type fitting that is in an "L," or elbow, shape. This would give the connection a little more durability for sure. Focus also has told me they are looking for a "top quality" adapter like this to sell for their units.
Focus Enhancements is already working on upgrades to the FS-100 via the Upgrade function in its menus system. One we'll see is the ability to record more of the metadata automatically captured on the P2 cards. Right now, there are no thumbnails on clips the FS-100 records. Other enhancements they are looking at include automatic detection of your recording settings, so that the FS-100 can auto-configure itself to match. They're also reportedly working on the ability to record 720p24 native via FireWire (which may or may not be possible).
This 24p native mode records only the 24 frames per second and nothing else. The advantage is to save on storage space (fewer frames, smaller files). 24p and 24p Advanced modes record the original 24fps and flag those frames. Then it fills in more frames to match the 60fps stream of NTSC.
All in all, the FS-100 is a solid unit, just like the other products Focus Enhancements makes. It is flexible and very useful in the field. The battery life is impressive, and the ability to get an optional 3-hour battery is a big plus. I wish they could get 24p native format to record via the FireWire connection. My biggest wish would be to upgrade the 100GB disk to a 200GB drive. But the current capacity, which allows for recording 90 minutes of DVCPRO-HD material on the drive, isn't all that bad. In DVCPRO/DV, mode it will hold up to 7.2 hours of footage.
Saddle Up, Y'all! I can't say enough about it the Cinekinetic CineSaddle ($350), so I'll try to keep this short. It's simply amazing. In a nutshell, it is a super heavy-duty bean bag made for video/film cameras. It's as simple as that, and yet not.
I can get shots unavailable with any other support system. It is very durable, strong, and well-made. The securing hardware that comes with it is top quality and perfect for mounting on a car or motorcycle or just about anywhere. I've used it on tree stumps, balcony rails, chair backs, a niche in a stand of bamboo, and more.
There are pockets to store batteries, tape, even a Coke, and my beef jerky! The fill in the bag is easy to work with, you can mold the bag to just about anything. Don't throw your other gear away just yet, but I will tell you that I haven't used my tripod in almost a month. Add this little puppy to your arsenal and you'll be blown away with some of the creative shots it will allow you to get.
P2 Storage Issues As of this writing, there are currently no realistic solutions for delivering high-definition video on disc to the general public. The very first high-def DVD burners are just now out on the market and not moving as fast as expected; none of them ships with adequate software for authoring video discs. The very first commercial HD DVDs and Blu-ray Discs (BDs) are about to hit the shelves of Blockbuster. But HD DVD and BD set-top players are simply not flying into people's homes at the moment, partially due to high prices and the lack of models available.
So why go high def? Output to film, for starters. Then there is the argument that being ready now will pay off later when high-def DVDs do take off. Finally, theoretically downgrading HD to SD still gives better end results than shooting native SD to begin with.
Remember that this whole P2 workflow has been around for about four years. My Panasonic rep told me they have a great deal of broadcast installations. But these are much larger-scale operations than the typical event video shoot. What is new is the P2 tapeless workflow for smaller cameras. But I do see more and more solutions coming.
Storage and archiving are also issues. I am about to shoot a large documentary project that has 2TB of hard drive storage budgeted. But what about weddings and events? Drives right now are cheap, but not that cheap! You could dub all your HD footage to SD on MiniDV tape. But for archiving the original DVCPRO-HD footage, you have three choices. Archive hard drives, archive the files to (lots of) DVDs, or get a DVCPRO-HD tape deck. If you've seen the price of these decks and tapes, P2 is a nice solution after all.
The Final Act Would I recommend the HVX200 for wedding and event video work? Not really, if that's all you do. So why are some of us jumping on the HD/P2 bandwagon? Because we're doing corporate work where this sort of camera and workflow make sense. The VX2000 and PD170 may be the kings of wedding videography. But for industrial, commercial, indie film, and other types of work, they don't hold a candle to the HVX200. The HVX200 hooked up to a FireStore FS-100 is great for many applications. But I'd not recommend it for someone who does only or even mostly weddings.
As for support, a popular place to learn about the HVX200 is DVXuser.com. Barry Green (of DVXuser.com) will have a tutorial book and DVD set available before you read this. It will be invaluable to any HVX200 user. Also, both Focus and Panasonic have their own people who monitor those forums and answer questions when needed.
The CineSaddle, on the other hand, is as perfect as a product can be. It is simply a must-have for everyone serious about being creative with their work. A 1280x720 demo reel of footage (copyrighted material) shot during this test will be available soon.
I'd like to close this article with some very well-deserved thanks to those who lent their help in significant ways to this test process. They are Jan Chrittenden (Panasonic), Matthew McEwen (Focus Enhancements), Kendal Miller (Lighthouse Media), Rip Van Winkle Gardens (New Iberia, Louisiana), and my regular UPS driver (he did a great job in the confusion after Katrina).


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(10-22) - (19-14)
Venue TV TIME American Airlines Center, Dallas, TX MSG, NBA TV 7:30 PM EST
Possible starters:
Injury Report
New York Knicks
Dallas Mavericks Metta World Peace - Sore Left Knee (OUT) Devin Harris - Left foot surgery (OUT) Pablo Prigioni - Hairline fracture of right great toe (OUT) Raymond Felton - Strained Right Groin (QUEST) Kenyon Martin - Sore Left Ankle (QUEST)
Today in Knicks history
January 5, 2004 Knicks acquire guard Stephon Marbury, guard Anfernee Hardaway and center Cezary Trybanski from Phoenix in exchange for guard Howard Eisley, guard Charlie Ward, forward Antonio McDyess, forward Maciej Lampe, draft rights to guard Milos Vujanic, a 2004 first-round draft choice (traded to Utah, Kirk Snyder) and a future first round draft choice (2010, traded to Utah, Gordon Hayward).
Recent meetings
November 21, 2012 After cutting the deficit that once stood at 12-points to one with 0:24 left to play New York had its chances in the final seconds as Carmelo Anthony drove to the basket but a driving layup came up short. While Anthony was slow up the court, Darren Collison's missed on the ensuing trip down the court with 24 seconds left. The Knicks called timeout, and Anthony had time to recoup, but came up short again, this time on a 15-footer. He then fouled out, and Dahntay Jones sank two free throws to propel the Dallas Mavericks to a 114-111 victory over the New York Knicks at American Airlines Center. November 9, 2012 After trailing 57-55 at the half , New York raced out in the second half to outscored Dallas 49-37 to win its fourth straight game to start the season 104-94 versus Dallas at the newly Transformed Garden. Carmelo Anthony led the team in scoring for the fourth straight time with 31 points over 34 minutes. J.R. Smith came off the bench and poured in 22 points on 8-16 shooting (3-3 3P) over 33 minutes. Dallas was lead by O.J. Mayos 23 points and seven rebounds over 28 minutes. Vince Carter added 15 points and six rebounds over 26 minutes


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As the pain from arthritis becomes worse, keeping up with everyday activities may become more difficult or painful.
Sometimes making changes around the home will take some stress off your knee and relieve some of the pain.
Use of a simple cane in your hand on the other side of your painful leg may make walking much easier and less painful
Make sure you can reach everything you need without getting on your tiptoes or bending down low.
Find ways to avoid needing to search for important items during the day. You can wear a small fanny or waist pack in order to have a portable phone, your wallet, and your keys with you.
Get automatic light switches installed.
If going up and down stairs is very hard:
Find someone to help with housecleaning, taking out the garbage, gardening, and other household activities or tasks.
Ask someone to shop for you or have your food delivered.
Check your local pharmacy or medical supply store for different aids that can help with reaching, getting dressed, using the toilet, and other activities.
Ask about having bars installed on the walls by the toilet, shower or bath, or elsewhere in your home.
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