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The Acquisition of Color Words
Katie Wagner and David Barner
Human experience of color results from a complex interplay of perceptual and linguistic systems. At the lowest level of perception, the human visual system transforms the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum into a rich, continuous three-dimensional experience of color. Despite our ability to perceptually discriminate millions of different color shades, most languages categorize color into a number of discrete color categories. While the meanings of color words are constrained by perception, perception does not fully define them. Once color words are acquired, they may in turn influence our memory and processing speed for color, although it is unlikely that language influences the lowest levels of color perception.
One approach to examining the relationship between perception and language in forming our experience of color is to study children as they acquire color language. Children produce color words in speech for many months before acquiring adult meanings for color words. Research in this area has focused on whether children's difficulties stem from (a) an inability to identify color properties as a likely candidate for word meanings, or alternatively (b) inductive learning of language-specific color word boundaries. Lending plausibility to the first account, there is evidence that children more readily attend to object traits like shape, rather than color, as likely candidates for word meanings. However, recent evidence has found that children have meanings for some color words before they begin to produce them in speech, indicating that in fact, they may be able to successfully identify color as a candidate for word meaning early in the color word learning process. There is also evidence that prelinguistic infants, like adults, perceive color categorically. While these perceptual categories likely constrain the meanings that children consider, they cannot fully define color word meanings because languages vary in both the number and location of color word boundaries. Recent evidence suggests that the delay in color word acquisition primarily stems from an inductive process of refining these boundaries.
Acquisition of Pragmatics
Myrto Grigoroglou and Anna Papafragou
To become competent communicators, children need to learn that what a speaker means often goes beyond the literal meaning of what the speaker says. The acquisition of pragmatics as a field is the study of how children learn to bridge the gap between the semantic meaning of words and structures and the intended meaning of an utterance. Of interest is whether young children are capable of reasoning about others' intentions and how this ability develops over time.
For a long period, estimates of children's pragmatic sophistication were mostly pessimistic: early work on a number of phenomena showed that very young communicators were egocentric, oblivious to other interlocutors' intentions, and overall insensitive to subtle pragmatic aspects of interpretation. Recent years have seen major shifts in the study of children's pragmatic development. Novel methods and more fine-grained theoretical approaches have led to a reconsideration of older findings on how children acquire pragmatics across a number of phenomena and have produced a wealth of new evidence and theories.
Three areas that have generated a considerable body of developmental work on pragmatics include reference (the relation between words or phrases and entities in the world), implicature (a type of inferred meaning that arises when a speaker violates conversational rules), and metaphor (a case of figurative language). Findings from these three domains suggest that children actively use pragmatic reasoning to delimit potential referents for newly encountered words, can take into account the perspective of a communicative partner, and are sensitive to some aspects of implicated and metaphorical meaning. Nevertheless, children's success with pragmatic communication is fragile and task-dependent.
Cognitively Oriented Theories of Meaning
Peter Gärdenfors
There are two main theoretical traditions in semantics. One is based on realism, where meanings are described as relations between language and the world, often in terms of truth conditions. The other is cognitivistic, where meanings are identified with mental structures. This article presents some of the main ideas and theories within the cognitivist approach.
A central tenet of cognitively oriented theories of meaning is that there are close connections between the meaning structures and other cognitive processes. In particular, parallels between semantics and visual processes have been studied. As a complement, the theory of embodied cognition focuses on the relation between actions and components of meaning.
One of the main methods of representing cognitive meaning structures is to use images schemas and idealized cognitive models. Such schemas focus on spatial relations between various semantic elements. Images schemas are often constructed using Gestalt psychological notions, including those of trajector and landmark, corresponding to figure and ground. In this tradition, metaphors and metonymies are considered to be central meaning transforming processes.
A related approach is force dynamics. Here, the semantic schemas are construed from forces and their relations rather than from spatial relations. Recent extensions involve cognitive representations of actions and events, which then form the basis for a semantics of verbs.
A third approach is the theory of conceptual spaces. In this theory, meanings are represented as regions of semantic domains such as space, time, color, weight, size, and shape. For example, strong evidence exists that color words in a large variety of languages correspond to such regions. This approach has been extended to a general account of the semantics of some of the main word classes, including adjectives, verbs, and prepositions. The theory of conceptual spaces shows similarities to the older frame semantics and feature analysis, but it puts more emphasis on geometric structures.
A general criticism against cognitive theories of semantics is that they only consider the meaning structures of individuals, but neglect the social aspects of semantics, that is, that meanings are shared within a community. Recent theoretical proposals counter this by suggesting that semantics should be seen as a meeting of minds, that is, communicative processes that lead to the alignment of meanings between individuals. On this approach, semantics is seen as a product of communication, constrained by the cognitive mechanisms of the individuals.
Deixis and Pragmatics
William F. Hanks
Deictic expressions, like English 'this, that, here, and there' occur in all known human languages. They are typically used to individuate objects in the immediate context in which they are uttered, by pointing at them so as to direct attention to them. The object, or demonstratum is singled out as a focus, and a successful act of deictic reference is one that results in the Speaker (Spr) and Addressee (Adr) attending to the same referential object. Thus,
(1)A:Oh, there'sthat guy again (pointing)B:Oh yeah, now I see him (fixing gaze on the guy)
(2)A:I'll have that one over there (pointing to a dessert on a tray)B:This? (touching pastry with tongs)A:yeah, that looks greatB:Here ya' go (handing pastry to customer)
In an exchange like (1), A's utterance spotlights the individual guy, directing B's attention to him, and B's response (both verbal and ocular) displays that he has recognized him. In (2) A's utterance individuates one pastry among several, B's response makes sure he's attending to the right one, A reconfirms and B completes by presenting the pastry to him. If we compare the two examples, it is clear that the underscored deictics can pick out or present individuals without describing them. In a similar way, "I, you, he/she, we, now, (back) then," and their analogues are all used to pick out individuals (persons, objects, or time frames), apparently without describing them. As a corollary of this semantic paucity, individual deictics vary extremely widely in the kinds of object they may properly denote: 'here' can denote anything from the tip of your nose to planet Earth, and 'this' can denote anything from a pastry to an upcoming day (this Tuesday). Under the same circumstance, 'this' and 'that' can refer appropriately to the same object, depending upon who is speaking, as in (2). How can forms that are so abstract and variable over contexts be so specific and rigid in a given context? On what parameters do deictics and deictic systems in human languages vary, and how do they relate to grammar and semantics more generally?
Experimental Pragmatics
Florian Schwarz
While both pragmatic theory and experimental investigations of language using psycholinguistic methods have been well-established subfields in the language sciences for a long time, the field of Experimental Pragmatics, where such methods are applied to pragmatic phenomena, has only fully taken shape since the early 2000s. By now, however, it has become a major and lively area of ongoing research, with dedicated conferences, workshops, and collaborative grant projects, bringing together researchers with linguistic, psychological, and computational approaches across disciplines. Its scope includes virtually all meaning-related phenomena in natural language comprehension and production, with a particular focus on what inferences utterances give rise to that go beyond what is literally expressed by the linguistic material.
One general area that has been explored in great depth consists of investigations of various 'ingredients' of meaning. A major aim has been to develop experimental methodologies to help classify various aspects of meaning, such as implicatures and presuppositions as compared to basic truth-conditional meaning, and to capture their properties more thoroughly using more extensive empirical data. The study of scalar implicatures (e.g., the inference that some but not all students left based on the sentence Some students left) has served as a catalyst of sorts in this area, and they constitute one of the most well-studied phenomena in Experimental Pragmatics to date. But much recent work has expanded the general approach to other aspects of meaning, including presuppositions and conventional implicatures, but also other aspects of nonliteral meaning, such as irony, metonymy, and metaphors.
The study of reference constitutes another core area of research in Experimental Pragmatics, and has a more extensive history of precursors in psycholinguistics proper. Reference resolution commonly requires drawing inferences beyond what is conventionally conveyed by the linguistic material at issue as well; the key concern is how comprehenders grasp the referential intentions of a speaker based on the referential expressions used in a given context, as well as how the speaker chooses an appropriate expression in the first place. Pronouns, demonstratives, and definite descriptions are crucial expressions of interest, with special attention to their relation to both intra- and extralinguistic context. Furthermore, one key line of research is concerned with speakers' and listeners' capacity to keep track of both their own private perspective and the shared perspective of the interlocutors in actual interaction.
Given the rapid ongoing growth in the field, there is a large number of additional topical areas that cannot all be mentioned here, but the final section of the article briefly mentions further current and future areas of research.
Experimental Semiotics
Bruno Galantucci
Experimental Semiotics (ES) is a burgeoning new discipline aimed at investigating in the laboratory the development of novel forms of human communication. Conceptually connected to experimental research on language use, ES provides a scientific complement to field studies of spontaneously emerging new languages and studies on the emergence of communication systems among artificial agents.
ES researchers have created quite a few research paradigms to investigate the development of novel forms of human communication. Despite their diversity, these paradigms all rely on the use of semiotic games, that is, games in which people can succeed reliably only after they have developed novel communication systems. Some of these games involve creating novel signs for pre-specified meanings. These games are particularly suitable for studying relatively large communication systems and their structural properties. Other semiotic games involve establishing shared meanings as well as novel signs to communicate about them. These games are typically rather challenging and are particularly suitable for investigating the processes through which novel forms of communication are created.
Considering that ES is a methodological stance rather than a well-defined research theme, researchers have used it to address a greatly heterogeneous set of research questions. Despite this, and despite the recent origins of ES, two of these questions have begun to coalesce into relatively coherent research themes.
The first theme originates from the observation that novel communication systems developed in the laboratory tend to acquire features that are similar to key features of natural language. Most notably, they tend (a) to rely on the use of symbols—that is purely conventional signs—and (b) to adopt a combinatorial design, using a few basic units to express a large number of meanings. ES researchers have begun investigating some of the factors that lead to the acquisition of such features. These investigations suggest two conclusions. The first is that the emergence of symbols depends on the fact that, when repeatedly using non-symbolic signs, people tend to progressively abstract them. The second conclusion is that novel communication systems tend to adopt a combinatorial design more readily when their signs have low degrees of motivation and fade rapidly.
The second research theme originates from the observation that novel communication systems developed in the laboratory tend to begin systematically with motivated—that is non-symbolic—signs. ES investigations of this tendency suggest that it occurs because motivation helps people bootstrap novel forms of communication. Put it another way, these investigations show that it is very difficult for people to bootstrap communication through arbitrary signs.
Game Theory in Pragmatics: Evolution, Rationality, and Reasoning
Michael Franke
Game theory provides formal means of representing and explaining action choices in social decision situations where the choices of one participant depend on the choices of another. Game theoretic pragmatics approaches language production and interpretation as a game in this sense. Patterns in language use are explained as optimal, rational, or at least nearly optimal or rational solutions to a communication problem. Three intimately related perspectives on game theoretic pragmatics are sketched here: (i) the evolutionary perspective explains language use as the outcome of some optimization process, (ii) the rationalistic perspective pictures language use as a form of rational decision-making, and (iii) the probabilistic reasoning perspective considers specifically speakers' and listeners' beliefs about each other. There are clear commonalities behind these three perspectives, and they may in practice blend into each other.
At the heart of game theoretic pragmatics lies the idea that speaker and listener behavior, when it comes to using a language with a given semantic meaning, are attuned to each other. By focusing on the evolutionary or rationalistic perspective, we can then give a functional account of general patterns in our pragmatic language use. The probabilistic reasoning perspective invites modeling actual speaker and listener behavior, for example, as it shows in quantitative aspects of experimental data.
Humor in Language
Salvatore Attardo
Interest in the linguistics of humor is widespread and dates since classical times. Several theoretical models have been proposed to describe and explain the function of humor in language. The most widely adopted one, the semantic-script theory of humor, was presented by Victor Raskin, in 1985. Its expansion, to incorporate a broader gamut of information, is known as the General Theory of Verbal Humor. Other approaches are emerging, especially in cognitive and corpus linguistics. Within applied linguistics, the predominant approach is analysis of conversation and discourse, with a focus on the disparate functions of humor in conversation. Speakers may use humor pro-socially, to build in-group solidarity, or anti-socially, to exclude and denigrate the targets of the humor. Most of the research has focused on how humor is co-constructed and used among friends, and how speakers support it. Increasingly, corpus-supported research is beginning to reshape the field, introducing quantitative concerns, as well as multimodal data and analyses. Overall, the linguistics of humor is a dynamic and rapidly changing field.
Innateness of Language
Yarden Kedar
This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Please check back later for the full article.
The concept of innateness (innate is first recorded in the period 1375–1425; from Latin innātus "inborn") relates to types of behavior and knowledge that are present in the organism since birth (in fact, since fertilization), prior to any sensory experience with the environment. The term has been applied to two general types of qualities. The first consists of instinctive and inflexible reflexes and behaviors, which are apparent in survival, mating, and rearing activities. The other relates to cognition, with certain concepts, ideas, propositions, and particular ways of mental computation suggested to be part of one's biological makeup. While both types of innatism have a long history in human philosophy and science (e.g., Plato and Descartes), some bias appears to exist in favor of claims for inherent behavioral traits, which are typically accepted when satisfactory empirical evidence is provided. One famous example is Lorenz's demonstration of imprinting, a natural phenomenon that obeys a predetermined mechanism and schedule (Lorenz's incubator-hatched goslings imprinted on his boots, the first moving object they encountered). Likewise, there seems to be little controversy in regard to predetermined ways of organizing sensory information, as is the case with the detection and classification of shapes and colors by the mind. In contrast, the idea that certain types of abstract knowledge may be part of an organism's biological endowment (i.e., not learned) is typically faced with a greater sense of skepticism, and touches on a fundamental question in epistemological philosophy: Can reason be based (to a certain extent) on a priori knowledge—that is, knowledge that precedes and is independent of experience? The most influential and controversial claim for such innate knowledge in modern science is Chomsky's breakthrough nativist theory of Universal Grammar in language and the famous "Argument from the Poverty of the Stimulus." The main Chomskyan hypothesis is that all human beings share a preprogrammed linguistic infrastructure consisting of a finite collection of rules that, in principle, may generate (through combination or transformation) an infinite number of (only) grammatical sentences. Thus, the innate grammatical system constrains and structures the acquisition and use of all natural languages.
Models of Human Sentence Comprehension in Computational Psycholinguistics
John Hale
Computational models of human sentence comprehension help researchers reason about how grammar might actually be used in the understanding process. Taking a cognitivist approach, this article relates computational psycholinguistics to neighboring fields (such as linguistics), surveys important precedents, and catalogs open problems.
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Principal Investigated For Improper Birthday Spankings
An elementary school principal from Iowa is being investigated by the sheriff's office and school board for his tradition of delivering "birthday whammies" to students as young as seven with a padded hockey stick (pictured).
70 angry parents waited outside closed doors at Washington Elementary, wondering how Principal Terry Eisenbarth could have been carrying on this disturbing tradition without anyone's knowledge.
"I do not spank my kids at home on their birthdays," said [parent] Steve Wernimont, 44, who has three children. "That is not a celebration. It's being subservient to a dominating figure."
Hoping to quell the growing outrage, Eisenbarth sent a letter to all parents explaining that whammies weren't so much spankings or BDSM-lite as they were a "pat on the backside" — and a Washington Elementary birthday tradition!
He celebrated each child's birthday with an announcement on the school intercom, followed by an invitation to the principal's office.
Eisenbarth gave students pencils and calculators, sang "Happy Birthday" and spanked them once for each year of their lives, the letter said.
Oh, well, is that all? Just a call to your office for some complimentary cake, office supplies, and multiple whackings on the bum with a styrofoam-covered hockey stick? Are you sure there's nothing you want to add? Maybe something involving dripping birthday candle wax or a spirited round of Pin the Loincloth on the Terry?
Okay, then! Nothing out of the ordinary here! Very much your typical school principal mailing. You can read the whole thing at the Register. [DesMoines Register, photo via Register]

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Da beef
A Chicago favorite for 75 years, Al's Beef is finally heading to the West Coast — thanks, in part, to the Midwestern transplants here who kept peppering the Al's website with pleas for hot Italian beef sandwiches. The first California location will open in meat-loving San Jose on Monday, April 15, with plans for a major Southern California expansion next.
The secret recipe for what's often called one of the nation's top sandwiches was concocted in 1938 by Al Ferreri and his sister and brother-in-law, Frances and Chris Pacelli Sr. The shops stayed in the family until 1999, when longtime customer Dave Howey (not to worry; he's half-Italian) bought Al's to preserve this regional specialty.
Today, Howey says, the lean beef is still roasted in gravy with 19 spices and herbs, then sliced paper-thin, chargrilled and piled on a specialty roll that has a soft interior, yet a crispy crust.
"When you eat it here, it's going to be just like eating in Chicago," he says. "The bread is crucial, or the sandwich will dissolve."
Adding sweet or hot peppers is optional, though some Al's fans might disagree with that.
Also on the menu are other Chitown faves: Al's Italian and Polish sausages, Vienna hot dogs, Chicago-style tamales, French fries (you can even have them topped with Italy's famed blue, Gorgonzola), plus burgers, chicken sandwiches, wraps and salads.
Howey and his team will be at The Plant location on April 15 to demonstrate "The Stance" (how to eat the sandwich so you don't get gravy on your shirt or shoes) and hand out freebies. The first 100 customers at 11 a.m. that day will each win 52 Al's Beef sandwiches — one a week for a year. Other food giveaways are planned for 11 a.m. every day othrough April 19.
Details: Open from 11 a.m.-11 p.m. Monday-Thursday, until midnight Friday-Saturday and 10 p.m. Sunday. 71 Curtner Ave. at The Plant. 408-380-4876; www.alsbeef.com.
Send South Bay and Peninsula dining tips to Linda Zavoral, firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: 898 Like calibre Good alternative? YES NO Calibre is a free and open source e-book library management application made by users, for users. Many languages, designed around the concept of the logical book, i.e.... Free Open Source Mac Windows Linux BSD Built-in editor Built-in viewer Customizable File-sync ... Multiple languages Read fb2 format Add a feature


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Topic: Web Interface SpamAssassin - iRedMail Panel Pro
==== Required information ====
- iRedMail version: 0.8.3
- Store mail accounts in which backend (LDAP/MySQL/PGSQL): MySQL
- Linux/BSD distribution name and version: Ubuntu 12.04
- Related log if you're reporting an issue:
I have been checking the demo for the pro admin panel. In the zone regarding Sent, Received, Quarantined emails is there any way to change the number of days that the data is available in the DB?
The ideal situation would be saving them in the DB for one month and them moving the data to another DB.


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Firstly, this is my first post here, and I look forward to being a member. I love my airhead, I loved the first airhead I saw, I'm excited.
But, my airhead had some issues with the exhaust valve guide: it became unseated. Someone put on Bronze guides, and the machine shop says those fall out with the extra heat from the ethanol (always with the ethanol, right?). Luckily I found it before engine destruction occurred, but one thing led to the next, I decide to do a whole top (side?) end rebuild, and my pistons are out of spec and I need to do a first over on the cylinders and get new pistons. First over pistons from BMW are $370 each. That's crazy.
So the guy at the machine shop called a company, and they can do forged (higher quality) custom pistons, rings and knuckles for around $450. Then I called a company in California, and they gave me a similar quote: $450 for two, OR, I could get four new ones for around $650 (four is normally the minimum order).
So, if I hear from someone that needs a first over pair of pistons on a 1980 R100 (I'm not sure what else it'll fit, but I can get the specs), or the guy said I could order the second pair at .5 over the first pair for a second over at the same price, we could stand to save each other a lot of money. I'm looking to put the order in within the next week. Maybe someone else is in a similar position, or maybe someone will read this and say "well, now's my chance!"
Here's to overdoing maintenance, eh?


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Get Jennifer Aniston's Makeup Look From The Baster
Get Jennifer Aniston's Makeup Look From The Baster
Earlier this week, I shared with you the lip gloss that Jennifer Aniston can't get enough of, which just happens to be Dior's Ultra-Gloss Reflect in Beige Velvet ($24.50), a soft, pinky beige. Makeup artist Jorjee Douglass, who worked on the set with Jennifer during the filming of The Baster, has a simple tip on wearing this neutral, flattering shade. "When doing a dark, smoky eye, you need to go lighter on the lips," she says.
Get tips on how to achieve Jennifer's look from the upcoming flick when you read more.
- Complexion : Douglass applied VIP Expert By Terry ($48), a lightweight foundation with a built-in brush. To create a healthy glow, she used Laura Mercier Secret Brightener ($30), a highlighter for the face and eyes.
- Eyes: For variations on a smoky eye, she used two different palettes, including Dior Night Dust Eye Shadow Palette ($56) and for daytime, Benefit Smokin' Eye Kit ($36).
- Lips: Before applying the Beige Velvet gloss, Douglass lined Jennifer's lips with an old-school favorite: Estée Lauder's Automatic Lip Pencil Duo in Fig ($23.50).
- Blush: To complement the rest of the makeup, Douglass opted for La Prairie Rose Glow ($70), a soft, cream blush.
Image Source: WireImage


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Gertrude Wade was the first black female principal of an inner city school in Pittsburgh. She died last week at age 90. For 15 years, Wade taught at A. Leo Weil Elementary School where she became Asst. Principal in 1961. It wasn't her first attempt at working in education. When she received her teaching degree, she interviewed with the Board of Education, who told her to go South where they hired Negro teachers. She was finally hired at A. Leo Weil where her take home pay was $99 per month.
Only a year after she was hired at A. Leo Weil, Wade was promoted to Principal at Vann Elementary School in the Hill. Wade received racist letters full of threats, but kept her position for the next five years. Then she was off to Larimer Elementary where her expertise and organization was needed. In 1969 she was asked to lead the East Hills Elementary magnet school. She taught until retirement in 1981 to take care of an ailing father.
Described as stubborn by a relative, Wade lived in the Homewood area, a troubled city neighborhood where she resided for 60 years. She had been urged to move by family but refused to leave the area she knew too well.
Wade initially wanted to attend medical school, but because her family could not afford it, she chose to attend the University of Pittsburgh and received a degree in education in 1944. Her parents paid for her education by taking a loan out on the furniture each year to pay the tuition of $150 per month. She got her Masters Degree two years later by attending night school.
As an activist, Wade and her cousin Rachel Poole were members of the Congress of Racial Equality. She did what she could to help students find scholarships and a way to an education.
In her final years, Wade worked with community and church groups to help restore her neighborhood that had deteriorated. The area was once known to be a beacon of black history in the Pittsburgh area.
The late principal is survived by her son, Walton Wade of Atlanta, Georgia and his wife Brenda.
Find Out What Your Favorite Celebrities Did This Week On Instagram (12/30-1/05)
Find Out What Your Favorite Celebrities Did This Week On Instagram (12/30-1/05)
1. Bruno Mars1 of 15
2. Gabrielle Union & Dwayne Wade2 of 15
3. Toni Braxton3 of 15
4. Will Smiith4 of 15
5. Kym Whitley5 of 15
6. Serena Williams6 of 15
7. DJ Khaled7 of 15
8. Jay-Z8 of 15
9. Hoda Kotb & Al Roker9 of 15
10. Rodney Perry10 of 15
11. Tracee Ellis Ross11 of 15
12. Jenifer Lewis12 of 15
13. Ne-Yo13 of 15
14. Jennifer Hudson14 of 15
15. Affion Crockett15 of 15
One thought on "Little Known Black History Fact: Gertrude Wade"
Thanks for doing a job well done, sorry you had to enddure hate just know that God has a plan for all you had to endure out of it came life that God will reward you with. Kids your Mother was a GREAT WOMAN.


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Graveside services will be held at 10 a.m., Friday, Nov. 30, 2012 at Birta Cemetery. Visitation will be held Friday, 9-10 a.m. at the cemetery prior to the service.
A full obit will run in a later edition of The Courier.
Arrangements By Cornwell Funeral Home in Dardanelle.
Online Guest Book and Condolences at www.cornwellfuneralhomes.com.


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Discussion in 'Trek Literature' started by Sho, Nov 17, 2012.
Wasn't Spot male in all of the other episodes (s)he appeared in except Genesis?
And "Force of Nature"
I guess data didn't bother looking down there until season seven
Finished the book yesterday, another outstanding job by Dave I want to take the time to thank him for making me look up the word "Encomium". I am lucky to have the Oxford dictionary on my kindle
Spot is a free spirit, beyond humanoid prejudices and limitations.
"His name is Susan, and he wants you to respect his life choices."
Finally just started. Is Picard serious or just putting off Crusher wanting a such a change in his career?
Mr Mack "borrowed" the communication devices of Data and LaForge from his last Mirror universe novel? Nice to see Data and neutral on Bateman.
Just finished it last night. Totally loved this book! I'll miss Esperanza and Bacco will never seem the same without her, but it's a Mack novel, so what did I expect . Loving this new Data. I don't know what the future holds, but I wouldn't mind Geordi retiring and joining Data out there on the Archeus. I hope Data doesn't return to the fleet full time, as it would seem to limit him in his new role as all around awesome Android explorer
Yes and no...
With Data 'out there' exploring the books could quickly come down with a case of 'Worf Syndrome'. Trying to figure out ways to incorporate Data into stories even when he has no business being there.
Data will need to eventually return to the Enterprise, perhaps as some type of civilian advisor?
If you ultimately want Data on the E-E , restore his commission and promote him to full commander.
I think for Data's personal pursuits, Starfleet is a hard place to beat, especially with an Enterprise posting. Starfleet gives him access to the best scientific and exploration tools to do the cybernetic research he wants and to track down Flint along with the defensive capabilities to protect himself when in trouble. Plus, Enterprise officers seem to have a do-whatever-I-want-and-get-away-with-it badge when it comes to personal pursuits and using Starfleet resources to pursue them.
Or how about captain (by 2387 at least)?
Geordi with a real girlfriend, Worf's been outlived by his beloved and Data promoted to full commander are facts that go against the logical arrangement of the universe. If those things happen, the fundamental laws of thwe universe will be broken. That will be the end of known existence.
I agree with the first and last, but I'm confused by the second;
Spoiler: for end of The Persistance of Memory
isn't this the third time Worf is outliving someone who might count as his "beloved"?
commodore by '08 baby
Sorry, sorry, sorry. A terrible mistake: Worf's been outlived by his beloved. Now, the balance of the cosmos has been restored. I hope. My english is very poor.
Who says they need data to constantly show up? They did just fine when he was dead, might as well just keep him doing his own thing and maybe occasionally show up.
If being the operative word. I don't have a problem Data actually not sticking around, of course I would have preferred Data to stay dead so that might be why.
Or why don't we just completely ignore the fanwanky non canon according to the word of god tie-in that was kind of meh.
While we're at it lets also ignore the defunct future.
the future has not yet been written
judgement day is still possible
Aha! Okay, yes, that makes sense. And your English is hardly poor, btw. (Can't tell if you were joking or not, but assuming you weren't, you should know that I would never have guessed that English wasn't your first language.)
Future hasn't been written but it is playable! In STO, the current time is 2409. And as of 2409, Captain Data retired following the destruction of the Enterprise-E and becomes professor in Cambridge.
But: STO is a parallel universe to TrekLit. There's destiny that forces the same people in distinct timelines to follow the same life.
I just finished the book about an hour or so ago, and have to say that, as much as I ended up enjoying TPoM, I enjoyed Silent Weapons even more. The book felt to me very reminiscent of the Vanguard books, particularly Harbinger and Summon the Thunder, and also reminded me of Plagues of Night, Raise the Dawn, Brinkmanship, and Zero Sum Game.
I didn't really touch on this in my review of TPoM, but the Breen didn't really feel like they truly belonged in that book. Such isn't the case with this book, though, which made me happy because I've always liked them as a species and think they've in general made excellent antagonists and very worthy successors to the Romulans in that regard.
Speaking of the Romulans, it was great to see Praetor Kammemor, who is a character I absolutely love because she truly is like no other Romulan character we've seen before.
In reading some of the other comments here, it seems as if people had a negative reaction to Beverly's reaction to some of Picard's actions and attitudes in the book, but I personally got a kick out of the inversion of their traditional attitudes and viewpoints.
I really felt for President Bacco in this book; her sense of shock and confusion after she survived nearly being shot by Piniero and her relief mixed with grief when the Enterprise's crew discovered the truth of the matter was excellently handled, and, while it was sad to see Piniero killed, it is going to be interesting to see how Bacco moves forward from her death and uses it to strengthen her resolve to propel the Federation forward and honor what Piniero stood for and the causes she championed.
The only thing that I was disappointed in was that, unlike TPoM, it made the excision of IFM from continuity concrete with its references to previous events in a manner that glossed over the time period in which IFM occurred and the ripples its events caused in terms of the Enterprise's crew compliment, but, in the end, those references are so fleeting and minor that, while I was disappointed by them, they're easy to overlook.
I'm giving the book a 5 out of 5, and cannot wait to read The Body Electric and finish out the trilogy.
Separate names with a comma.


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Hattiesburg, Miss., November 5, 2013 - A group from William Carey University attended the 92nd annual National College Media Convention, hosted by the Associated Collegiate Press and College Media Association (ACP/CMA), in New Orleans October 23-27.
Jeanna Graves, WCU administrative assistant for the department of theatre and communication and advisor for The Crusader yearbook, and Joshua Wilson, WCU marketing specialist and staff editor for The Cobbler student newspaper, attended the convention with yearbook editor Michelle Porciello and newspaper general manager/photographer Tiffany Goin.
The convention, held in the New Orleans Marriott on Canal Street, featured over 400 workshops and keynote speeches by media powerhouses such as Hoda Kotb, journalist with NBC News and, since 2007, co-host of The Today Show's fourth hour.
The WCU group attended many of the workshops and keynotes, learning tips on how to improve productivity, take better photographs, make better design and better engage audiences. The group was also able to attend an advance screening of the film Homefront, a major Hollywood release that will hit theaters around Thanksgiving. Group members were also able to meet director Gary Fleder and star Izabela Vidovic.
"We all took away so much from the convention that we can apply to our individual publications,"; said Wilson, who serves on the national advisory board for CMA. ";We're thankful to the ACP/CMA for hosting such an informative and fun event."


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Custom element Japanese name: Kazan Suiton
Custom element English name: Volcanic Water
The element is based on: Water, Fire, and chakra pressure
Facts that prove the element to be possible (in the manga context):
Water, like most substances, has a boiling point and a critical pressure. Its boiling point is 100 degrees Celsius and its critical pressure is 218 atmospheres, at this level of pressure water can no longer boil. When both water's temperature and pressure are beyond its critical point it transforms into a supercritical fluid. As a supercritical fluid it can effuse through solids like a gas, and dissolve materials like a liquid.
Supercritical water is found mostly near deep submarine volcanoes. Due to the tremendous pressure of the weight of water above it, steam and gases cannot be released explosively. This causes the water around the volcano to reach temperatures up to 500 degrees Celsius turning the water into a supercritical fluid since the pressure down there is over 300 atmospheres, well above the 218 atmospheres required for water to no longer be able to boil.
In addition, there is no surface tension in a supercritical fluid, as there is no liquid/gas phase boundary. By changing the pressure and temperature of the fluid, the properties can be "tuned" to be more liquid- or more gas-like. One of the most important properties is the solubility of material in the fluid. Solubility in a supercritical fluid tends to increase with density of the fluid (at constant temperature). Since density increases with pressure, solubility tends to increase with pressure. The relationship with temperature is a little more complicated. At constant density, solubility will increase with temperature. This element will be mostly based on liquid supercritical fluid and the change between liquid/gas phase boundaries won't really play a large part in its techniques. The boiling point of this jutsu is higher than any other normal water jutsu and evaporates normal water jutsu on contact.
To create supercritical water, the user will summon/locate normal water and then continuously add large amounts of fire chakra to it. The user doesn't need to carry water with him as he will be using existing water or summon water needed for the element. An example that water can be summoned with no water source near is [(Suiton: Takitsubo) - Water Style: Waterfall Basin]. In the manga, it's shown that fire and water elements can be combined with the introduction of the Boil release. The existence of the Boil release is enough to prove that this element is completely possible in the Naruto universe since the only big difference between the elements is their state of matter. As the water increases in temperature, the user will begin to add tremendous chakra amounts of chakra compressing the heated water tightly together. The chakra also seconds as a "shielding agent" from the atmosphere, acting as a membrane that prevents contact between the two. In the manga and the anime we have seen elements that also require this type of pressure. One example is Guren's crystal element where she has to change normal earth into crystal. Another would be the dust element which also requires chakra pressure to compress the normally soft dust into large solid shapes. As the water rises in temperature the use will add more chakra pressure. When the water is fully heated and compressed the color scheme of the water will be light sky blue opposite from the darker shades of blue/black in regular or colder water elements. The element though dense is also extremely fast moving because of the high temperature of the water, which means the molecules are moving at great speeds much faster.
Supercritical fluid
Submarine volcano
Idea behind its creation: Most of the water elements created are based on low temperature water. I wanted to create the opposite, high temperature water. To create this form of water I needed to know where the hottest water on earth could be found. I knew that it had to be near underwater volcanoes. What else could heat the water to be the hottest water on earth other than the hottest substance on earth, magma? The water heated by the magma remains liquid because of the pressure of the water pressure. Water pressure could be replaced with chakra pressure and the water could be heated using fire chakra, so I decided to make an element that included these ideas and Volcanic Water was born.
Conditions to be able to use it: Mastery of Water and Fire elements, and large chakra source.
Is weak to:
- Lightning based elements: water is still a conductor.
- Earth based elements (minerals and metals) with high boiling points: can withstand the heat and block Volcanic Water.
- Water based elements with high boiling points: can withstand the heat.
- Dry Ice: cool the water down into normal and freeze it.
Is strong against:
- Earth (minerals and metals) based elements with lower boiling points: won't be able to withstand the heat and melt, and be damaged by extreme erosion.
- Water based elements with lower boiling points: won't be able to withstand the heat and will evaporate.
- Normal earth element: intense heat of the water will turn normal earth into mud on contact. This can make earth jutsus bad defenses, but can also backfire on the user if the opponent uses the newly created mud against him.
- Fire based elements: in supercritical state, water can no longer physically boil.
- Wind based elements: pressurized and extremely dense, it will be able withstand the impact of wind.
Co-creators (if any): Ace
Students I passed on this custom element: Leeroy G. Zero & Mathias
____________________P a t e n t C e r t i f i c a t e
I, Ragnaroc of the Custom Elements Bureau, by the power invested in me by Versuvio, Nexus, Zise and Rei, give you the following:
username, our loyal member, December 9 2010 a request for a Patent on his custom element (Volcanic Water);
after reading the submission, I decided that the submitted element satisfies all requirements, and am therefore giving his rightfully earned patent on this element by the following;
Volcanic Water
Powered by Nexus
Copyright 2010, Crutch Kaguya, NarutoBase.net


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There's been a lot of heat and light in the Class::DBI community and sadly Tony feels sufficiently hounded to close the mailing list but after discussion with him I've set up a new one. It is no way intended as a fork in the community but more as a way of allowing the community to continue until Tony feels able to participate again.
I don't much care for what's happened, it leaves a sour taste but I do know that I want to see the project and the community continue. Those interested can sign up at http://lists.digitalcraftsmen.net/mailman/listinfo/classdbi
I've recently upgraded SpamAssassin to the latest version including new Bayesian goodness so I've been looking for spam to train it on.
Now the NMS support mailing list gets spam. Lots of spam. As much as 30% of the traffic is spam which, for some reason, sourceforge doesn't filter out.
My procmail rules filter out mailing list messages into their folders before SpamAssassin runs on the rest. I forget why but it means that all this spam sits in the nms-support folder and for the most part I ignore it. But now I've been going back and filtering it out by hand into a spam folder to pass to SpamAssassin.
I've only been through 300 or so of the 4,500 messages and I feel slightly queasy. I'm off to do something else for a while...
I read brian_d_foy's journal on the subject of pre-requisites and wanted to make a comment but comments aren't enabled so I'll make them here instead.
First of all I think he is spot on in his comments but I wouldn't necesarily class web applications as end-user. A developer of some sort still has to install them and they're intended for other people to use. User applications reside on the desktop (to all intents and purposes). I am talking about users here in the context of normal people who use computers to get their jobs done. Not us lot who have a somewhat different relationship with the things
Now most users in this class use either Windows or Mac OS. In both cases installing an application is as simple as draging-and-dropping (in the Mac case) or running setup.exe (on windows). There is no equivalent in the perl case...
What I really want is something that will take my code, an build me a distribution that includes core perl, only the core modules that I am actually using, the widget library, cpan modules and my code. It doesn't have to be compiled, except when the target is a OS that doesn't traditionally have a compiler (like windows, again).
Does such a thing exist ?
All in all, this has been a good week for me. True, I haven't launched my new company website like I promised myself I would do without fail but I have had fun with perl.
London.pm technical meeting
We had a tech meet. Lot's of people have written about it, including Acme, Barbie, Ranguard, Spyhg and twoshortplanks. Many thanks to the latter (a.k.a. Mark) for organising it & to Profero for hosting it.
I love tech meets. I like learning unexpected things, such as finding out about a module that's going to make my life easier. I like catching up with people I haven't seen for a while. I always come away from a meeting more enthused about perl than I was before.
Personalising Flash
My work project this week has been writing some little cgi scripts to process data for a client-side e-invite written in Flash. Simple requirement, add the invitee's name into the movie and capture their response when they click on various buttons. Oh, and email them with the link to their invite. And can we see who's responded ?. Ah, and we'd better send them a confirmation email if they've said yes. Don't you just love the shifting sands of client requirements
Using perl, SQLite and some Apache rewrite rules I soon had it all working nicely. One of my favourite reasons for using perl is that it allows me to generate html if I want to, or text, or run from the command line or as CGI. Perl is happy in all these environments. So much more flexible than torturing asp, coldfusion etc etc which are the hammers I've seen other companies use to drive in these sort of screws.
Two lessons I learned though :
Quizz of the Week
I haven't had much time for this over the last 2 or 3 weeks and procmail has been piling up unread emails in the qotw mailbox for me but the heat and light around the "use strict and warnings mantra" debate put it back on my radar. I tried this weeks quiz today and made a passable attempt at it. It was fun to try and unlearn all the idioms I usually use. I think it resulted in a better solution so I must try to be similarly objective in my normal coding.
Thank you for using our service
To give this little rant some perl content, I've now written a little perl script that looks at my xml list of registered domains every day and emails me when one is due for renewal. Every day I find new uses for perl that make it so much more useful beyond the boundaries of cgi scripts
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.1/WWW/UsePerl/Journal.pm Sun Mar 3 20:09:14 2002
+++ lib/WWW/UsePerl/Journal.pm Wed Sep 25 02:15:14 2002
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
=head2 new
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
my $content = $self->{ua}->request(GET UP_URL . "/~$user/")->content;
die "Cannot connect to " . UP_URL unless $content;
- $content =~ m#User info for $user \((\d+)\)#ism
+ $content =~ m#$user \((\d+)\)#ism
or die "$user does not exist";
ExtUtils::ModuleMaker and
Test::More look very useful and will feature in future projects.
So where are we going next year ? Can't wait !
And Sony ? Well having failed to deliver it before the conference, they also failed to deliver it at the conference. I decided that I didn't want to waste any more money on international calls to listen to their awful hold music so I figured I'd just hassle them when I got back. Guess what I found on my doormat when I got home ? Yup - A card from DHL saying they had attempted to deliver the battery on Friday. So Sony hadn't redirected the shipment at all. I suppose I shouldn't really be surprised


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Yost says team needs to heat up
Brewers manager chats online with fans
By / MLB.com
Ned Yost: Hello everyone, thanks for joining me today, let's get started!
Base_Ball_2: Mr. Yost, what is the current goal for the Brewers as they enter September only five and a half games back of the National League Wild Card?
Yost: We are five and a half out in the Wild Card and six and a half out in the division. We are not just limiting our thoughts to winning the Wild Card. The key to all of this is getting hot and winning some ball games, getting back over .500 and taking it from there.
Base_Ball_2: How will you use your six outfielders for the remainder of the season?
Yost: Good question. Right now we are trying to get an extended look at some of the young outfielders -- Corey Hart, Laynce Nix and Gabe Gross. We know what we have in Geoff Jenkins and Brady Clark, and even though Kevin Mench is new to our team, I feel that he is a guy that is going to be an offensive producer. We will just mix and match, game by game.
cjbrewer: How much have the injuries affected the season so far?
Yost: The answer to that is probably quite a bit. We don't like to use it as an excuse, but losing J.J. Hardy, Rickie Weeks and Corey Koskie in the infield, they were all offensive producers. Losing Ben Sheets and Tomo Ohka for six weeks hurt, too, in the aspect that we really struggled to fill those two spots. But, we like the new players we brought in to cover our injuries and we feel like we have a team that can compete.
brewcrew1122: What have you enjoyed most about being a manager?
Yost: I think the relationship with the players and coaches is the most fun for me. Seeing the young kids get better and grow into good Major League ballplayers is something I enjoy very much.
lukevan: Ned, congrats on a great win last night, the team really pulled together and everyone contributed. Could you talk a little about the great progress Jose Capellan has made since his stint on the disabled list? Does he project to be a closer in maybe a year or two?
Yost: Jose has made great progress not only since he has came back from the DL, but from the beginning of the year on. He is a young guy that last year was getting established as a Major League reliever. This year you can really see his confidence on the mound, the way he attacks hitters, and command and quality of his pitches are getting better all the time. I think he is going to play a very key role in our bullpen for years to come.
Base_Ball_2: In your opinion, who is the Brewers' comeback player of the year?
Yost: Jeff Cirillo. I don't know if you could call him comeback player of the year, but you could call him the keep-on-comin' player of the year. He has made a huge impact on the team from the time Doug Melvin signed him. He is versatile defensively and a professional type hitter that can do everything you want a hitter to do -- bunt, hit and run, take pitches. He has the ability to put together quality at-bats time after time.
nosense: Marquette High baseball won state this year and will be honored at Miller Park on Thursday. Did you ever win a state championship in high school?
Yost: No, I did not. When I was growing up, I went to a brand new high school and our teams were not very good at the time. But, my three sons have all played for state championships in Georgia, with my oldest boy, Ned Jr., winning the National High School Baseball Championship in 1999 and my youngest son, Andrew, was a member of Georgia's State High School Baseball Championship last season.
Erik_Faber: What do you plan on doing with Geoff Jenkins next season? What is your opinion on the situation with his current slump?
Yost: Right now, I am not really thinking in terms of next year. I still think Geoff has many great years in front of him. I think he has always been a proven run producer, but he has struggled this year. I think that with some adjustments, he is going to get back to being the special player he has been. The key now is not to let this get him down to the point where it takes away from his focus of helping us win baseball games every day, and he has done this in a very professional way. He continues to help the young players on the team, he is on the bench rooting while he is not playing and it just goes to show you the type of player and person he is.
Base_Ball_4: With Chris Capuano's win yesterday, do you think he's back on track?
Yost: I don't think he really got off a track. He came back after the All-Star break and had one or two so-so starts, but from that point on he has pitched great. Not only his last five or six starts, but all year long. He was very deserving, in my opinion, to be an All-Star.
nosense: Who do you believe currently in the Brewers' system will have the biggest upside in the Majors?
Yost: I think that the stock answers are Prince Fielder, Weeks, Hardy and Hart. I also think Capellan, Tony Gwynn, Carlos Villanueva and Zach Jackson are all players we have seen who will be great players. We have a lot of kids in our Minor League system we look at every day who are making great strides. Ryan Braun is included on that list.
kat423: Do you think that Bill Hall has a shot at becoming the permanent starting shortstop next season?
Yost: Yes, he has a shot at it. The thing with Billy is that he has so much versatility. He is such a valuable player in terms of being able to play four, five or six different positions and still bring tremendous offensive production every day. A lot will depend on how J.J. bounces back. Right now, I would say Billy is ahead of J.J., but time will see how that all works out.
Base_Ball_2: Do you think there could be a possibility that the Brewers make an offer to Carlos Lee this offseason?
Yost: I think we have already made a fair and generous offer and it appears that Carlos wants to test the free agent market, so I don't see that happening as much as we liked having him here.
milwaukeebrewersfan1: Mr. Yost, how do you like coaching in the city of Milwaukee compared to playing or coaching any where else in your career?
Yost: I love being in Milwaukee. I love the city, I love the fans, I love the ballpark. I love being with a bunch of players that play the game hard and are trying, to the best of their abilities, to play the game right. They are playing to be winners. It was fun in Atlanta, but the fans here are born and raised Brewers fans and it makes it special.
Joel_Jorgensen: What do you offer Derrick Turnbow for advice after he has been struggling over the last few weeks?
Yost: Derrick, his last two or three times out, has really started to turn the corner. His first half was definitely worthy of making the All-Star team. From that point on, he lost command of his breaking ball, which is a huge out-pitch for him. He is working every single day on certain aspects of his game to gain command of that breaking pitch again and he is very close to regaining his first-half form.
Base_Ball_4: What did Brian Shouse do to come from a 5.15 ERA to a little over 1.00 ERA?
Yost: I think just opportunity -- the opportunity to pitch on a regular basis. He really hasn't done anything different. He has gotten a change of scenery and has taken full advantage of the opportunity.
brewcrew1122: With guys like Hart and Gwynn coming up, is Clark a guy we can look forward to seeing in the next few years?
Yost: Yes. Brady brings so many intangibles to the table. He plays with so much heart, determination and desire. He is a guy that strives to play winning baseball and there is always a place for guys like that. He gets the very, very most out of his ability and guys really look up to him on our team.
brewerfreak: What is your favorite stadium to go to on the road?
Yost: With all the new stadiums, they are all great. There really isn't a bad place to go to on the road anymore.
lukevan: Do you think Hall has made the adjustments in the past few games to strike out less and see more pitches?
Yost: Yes, he is working on it. That is the one thing in his game that he is really going to need to improve on. Increasing his walks and decreasing his strikeouts. Once that happens, his numbers can't do anything but go up and those numbers are pretty high right now. But right now, he can get better.
Base_Ball: Do you think Fielder has a chance at the Rookie of the Year Award?
Yost: I think he does, he is definitely one of the top three or four candidates in the league for sure.
bnbcheney: Assuming Hart plays to his potential and becomes the starter next year, could he continue leading off?
Yost: In a perfect world, we would probably want Corey moving down the lineup a little more. He has been a run producer in his career and we could take better advantage of that with him hitting fifth or sixth. He could develop into a four hitter at some point in his career. Corey has the ability, more than anybody else, to steal a base on our team right now. We are trying to get an extended look at him and hitting in the one spot will get him a few more at-bats.
Yost: I have to get ready for tonight's game against the Rockies. Thanks for joining me today and I hope to see you at Miller Park during this final stretch of the season. Go Brewers!
This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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The 12th Day of Hot Stove…or so
In honor of this season of rumors, waiting and hoping – and of Christmas music played so early and often in the stores that it's already stuck in my head – I subject you all to the following:
On the 12th day of Hot Stove, my GM gave to me:
12 Wild Rumors
11 Hours of Water Cooler Gossip
10 Non Committal Interviews
9 Calls to Carl Crawford
8 Bloggers Blogging
7 Arbitrations Settled
6 Hot Bats
5 Future Rings!
4 Calls to Cliff Lee
3 Relief Pitchers
2 Golden Gloves
And A Closer That Can Get the Job Done!
My apologies to Old English minstrels, or something like that.
This is meant to be more baseball (or perhaps more American League?) generic than Angels specific…and was intended to drive the refrain from my head, where it has been stuck since I made up the first and last lines several days ago…but, if I can give a few of you a chuckle or two, then I am happy. 🙂


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A foot ulcer is an open sore on the foot.
A foot ulcer can be a shallow red crater that involves only the surface skin. A foot ulcer also can be very deep. A deep foot ulcer may be a crater that extends through the full thickness of the skin. It may involve tendons, bones and other deep structures. People with diabetes and people with poor circulation are more likely to develop foot ulcers. It can be difficult to heal a foot ulcer. In people with these conditions, even a small foot ulcer can become infected if it does not heal quickly.
If an infection occurs in an ulcer and is not treated right away, it can develop into:
- An abscess (a pocket of pus)
- A spreading infection of the skin and underlying fat (cellulitis)
- A bone infection (osteomyelitis)
- Gangrene. Gangrene is an area of dead, darkened body tissue caused by poor blood flow.
- Among people with diabetes, most severe foot infections that ultimately require some part of the toe, foot or lower leg to be amputated start as a foot ulcer.
Foot Ulcers
Foot ulcers are especially common in people who have one or more of the following health problems:
Peripheral neuropathy. This is nerve damage in the feet or lower legs. Diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. When nerves in the feet are damaged, they can no longer warn about pain or discomfort. When this happens, tight-fitting shoes can trigger a foot ulcer by rubbing on a part of the foot that has become numb.
People with peripheral neuropathy may not be able to feel when they've stepped on something sharp or when they have an irritating pebble in their shoes. They can injure their feet significantly and never know it, unless they examine their feet routinely for injury.
Many elderly people and diabetics with vision problems also can't see their feet well enough to examine them for problems.
- Circulatory problems. Any illness that decreases circulation to the feet can cause foot ulcers. Less blood reaches the feet, which deprives cells of oxygen. This makes the skin more vulnerable to injury. And it slows the foot's ability to heal. Poor circulation in the leg arteries is called peripheral artery disease. It also causes pain in the leg or buttock during walking. It is caused by atherosclerosis. This is a disease in which fatty deposits of cholesterol build up inside arteries.
- Abnormalities in the bones or muscles of the feet. Any condition that distorts the normal anatomy of the foot can lead to foot ulcers. This is particularly true if the foot is forced into shoes that don't fit the foot's altered shape. Examples are claw feet, feet with fractures, and cases of severe arthritis. More than any other group, people with diabetes have a particularly high risk of developing foot ulcers. This is because the long-term complications of diabetes often include neuropathy and circulatory problems. Without prompt and proper treatment, a foot ulcer may require hospital treatment. Or, it may lead to deep infection or gangrene and amputation.
In addition to diabetes, other medical conditions that increase the risk of foot ulcers include:
- Atherosclerosis. This condition involves poor circulation to the legs.
- Raynaud's phenomenon. This condition causes sudden episodes of decreased blood flow to the fingers and toes. During these episodes, the fingers and toes turn white as the blood supply diminishes. They turn blue, and red again as the circulation returns to normal.
It is rare for a foot ulcer to be unrelated to these risk factors and illnesses. A foot ulcer in a person who has none of these health problems may need to be checked for skin cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma. This cancer occasionally looks like a foot ulcer.
A foot ulcer looks like a red crater in the skin. Most foot ulcers are located on the side or bottom of the foot or on the top or tip of a toe. This round crater can be surrounded by a border of thickened, callused skin. This border may develop over time. In very severe ulcers, the red crater may be deep enough to expose tendons or bones.
If the nerves in the foot are functioning normally, then the ulcer will be painful. If not, then a person with a foot ulcer may not know it is there, particularly if the ulcer is located on a less obvious portion of the foot.
In disabled or elderly patients, a relative or caregiver may be the one who becomes aware of the problem. The caregiver may notice that foot looks red and swollen. There may be drainage on the sock and a foul odor.


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This past January, we once again visited the 63rd annual Grand National Roadster Show of Pomona, which is one of the longest running shows to date. In the Hot Rod world, it is also one of the most prestigious shows in the industry and this year's 2012 GNRS attracted over 500 of the world's most incredible roadsters, hot rods, rat rods, dragsters, trucks, motorcycles, and our favorite―the Lowriders. Record crowds and exhibitors crammed the Fairplex for all three days of the show and filled all eight Fairplex exhibit buildings and the surrounding grounds which played host to this year's event. The show had the finest roadsters in the country, all vying for a shot at the coveted "America's Most Beautiful Roadster" award.
Over the years, the Lowrider classes have grown as this year's show had even more clubs displayed throughout the fairgrounds. The move-in was scheduled to allow certain cars to come in at designated times, allowing the car owners a chance to alleviate the usual confusion and headaches that come with setting up for such a large show. The 2011 Lowrider of the Year, "El Rey" owned by Albert De Alba Sr., was on display, as was his 1963 Impala convertible along with his club, Elite. The Imperials made a great guest appearance as Jose and his '72 Monte Carlo featured a facelift on the car's paint finish. Style car club featured a couple of custom rides. The Techniques broke out a freshly patterned Lincoln that dared to show it all while on display on the jackstands. Lifestyle car club was also invited and displayed ten rides; including Armando Flores' candy red '65 Impala. Other clubs that made the show included Premier, Los Angeles, and locals Traffic car club.
This show is big on ideas as the Hot Rod builders are always willing to bring out cars that are still under construction. With nothing to hide, the creative designs are there for people to see; from custom interiors, to the elaborate engine compartments that they are known for. Another big part of the show is the custom rides, many of which could be called Lowriders by just changing the wheels. There were plenty of crossover cars this year as several first and second generation Rivieras were on hand at the show that very well could be considered Lowriders. There were also a few '50s Cadillacs that rolled in and displayed a level of luxury that got the thumbs up from both the Hot Rod and Lowrider crowds.
This is definitely one of my favorite shows, as it has something for everybody. The three-day show felt like three different shows, as each day brought a different element or vibe to the event. This year, the Lowriders were spread out, as they could be found in several halls and throughout the fairgrounds.


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© 2008 MLB Advanced Media, L.P. All rights reserved.
Capuano opts against surgery for now
Lefty to try rehabbing injured elbow before making decision
By Adam McCalvy / MLB.com
MESA, Ariz. -- The second opinion on Brewers left-hander Chris Capuano's injured elbow was different from the first, so Capuano apparently will opt for rehab instead of surgery. William Raasch, the Brewers' head physician, read an MRI scan on Sunday, diagnosed Capuano with a torn ulnar collateral ligament and recommended that Capuano undergo the second Tommy John surgery of his career, a procedure that replaces the torn ligament with a tendon from a different part of the body and requires about a year of rehabilitation. But James Andrews, the orthopedist who performed Capuano's first Tommy John surgery in 2002, did an MRI scan of his own this week in Birmingham, Ala., and recommended against surgery, at least for now. Andrews recommended that Capuano try rehabbing the elbow for three to four weeks. "If, after that time, he is still experiencing discomfort, [Andrews] would recommend at the very least exploratory surgery," Brewers assistant general manager Gord Ash wrote in an e-mail. Capuano will be placed on the disabled list and will report back to Maryvale Baseball Park for rehab with physical therapist Kenny Patterson's staff. On Sunday, a discouraged Capuano met with reporters after receiving Raasch's recommendation and seemed resigned to surgery. The success rate of successfully rehabbing a torn ligament, Ash said, was only 20-25 percent. "I want to have someone else look at it, someone else tell me that I need to do this," Capuano said at the time.
Adam McCalvy is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Brett Myers win his first game of the year as the Phillies defeated the Rockies, 8-4.
In his second start of the 2009 season, Brett Myers won his first game of the year in spite of once again giving up four runs on three long balls as the Phils defeated the Rockies at Coors Field, 8-4, tying up the three games series at a victory apiece.
The Rockies took a quick 2-0 lead in the second inning as Myers gave up a two-run home run to Troy Tulowitzki, his third home run of the year, as he knocked in Brad Hawpe, who had earlier doubled. The Phillies struck back in the top of the third, as Ryan Howard knocked in three runs as he hit a bases clearing, two-out double, scoring Jimmy Rollins, who had earlier singled, Shane Victorino, who had also singled, and Chase Utley, who had walked, giving the Phils the lead, 3-2. In the fourth, the Rockies tied the game up at three all as Garrett Atkins hit a hard to believe solo home run off of Myers, his second home run of the season. The Phillies regained the lead in the fifth, as Jayson Werth hit a two-out, two-run triple, scoring Utley, who had earlier singled and had gone to third on Howard's single, and Howard, making it a 5-3 Phillies' lead. The Rockies got one of the runs back in the bottom of the fifth as Clint Barmes hit a lead-off, solo home run off of Myers, his first home run of the season, cutting the Phils lead down to 5-4. But that turned out to be the Rockies' last hit, as first Myers and then the Phils' bullpen would get out the next fifteen Rockies. Meanwhile, the Phillies slowly added to their lead. In the seventh, Raul Ibanez made it 6-4 Phils as he hit a two-out solo home run, his second home run of the year. Then in the eighth, the score became 7-4 Phillies as Utley hit a two-out RBI single, scoring Victorino, who had earlier doubled. The Phillies then scored their last run in the ninth, as Pedro Feliz knocked in Ibanez, who had earlier doubled, making it an 8-4 Phillies' lead. Brad Lidge then came in to pitch the bottom of the ninth, pitching a 1-2-3 inning.
Brett Myers won the game for the Phils as he pitched a seven-inning four hitter against the Rockies, although giving up four runs on three home runs, and a walk, as he struck out six batters. His record is now 1-1 with a 5.54 ERA, thanks to the fact that he has given up eight earned runs on six home runs. Myers will need to cut down on the gopher balls to get his ERA lower. Ryan Madson followed Myers and pitched a 1-2-3 eighth inning, striking out two. Brad Lidge then came in to pitched the ninth, also pitching a 1-2-3 inning, striking out a batter. Jorge De La Rosa took the lost for the Rockies, only able to go four and two-thirds innings, giving up five runs on six hits and two walks, while he struck out three. His record is now 0-1 with a 9.64 ERA. Ryan Speier followed him, pitching a third of an inning, giving up no runs on one hit. Jason Hammel then came in for two and two-third innings, as he gave up two runs on five hits and two walks, while he struck out a batter. Jason Grilli pitched a third of an inning, giving up just a walk as he struck out one. Huston Street then pitched two-thirds of an inning, giving up a run on three hits as he struck out a batter. Manuel Corpas then came in for a third of an inning, getting out the only man he would face.
The Phillies had fifteen hits in the game, with Shane Victorino and Pedro Feliz leading the attack with both man going three for five. Victorino had two singles and a double as he raised his average to .250, while Feliz had three singles, raising his average to .333. Chase Utley, Ryan Howard and Raul Ibanez then followed with two hits each, with Utley's two hits raising his batting average to .444. Jimmy Rollins, Jayson Werth and Chris Coste had the other three Phillies' hits. Howard knocked in three of the Phils' eight runs, Werth brought home two, and Ibanez, Utley and Feliz each knocked in a run. The Phillies' batters also had five walks.
Carlos Ruiz has been placed on the fifteen-games disabled list because of his injured right oblique. While he's out, Coste will be performing the catching duties as Lou Marson is called up from Triple-A Lehigh Valley to be the back-up catcher.
The Phillies (2-3) will this afternoon conclude their three games series with the Rockies (3-2). The game will be played at Coors Field in Denver, Colorado. Game time is at 3:10 pm Eastern time (1:10 pm Mountain). The Phillies will send to the mound Chan Ho Park, who will be starting his first game in 2009. Last year he went 4-4 with a 3.40 ERA in 54 games, including five starts with the Los Angeles Dodgers. He has already pitched an inning in relief in 2009, with a record of 0-0 with an 0.00 ERA. He will be trying for his first win of the year while also attempting to pitch the rotation's first quality start. The Rockies will send to the mound Aaron Cook, who pitched a two and one-third innings no-decision against the Diamonbacks on April 6, giving up six earned runs on seven hits and a walk while striking out two. His record is presently 0-0 with a rather high ERA of 23.14. Cook will be trying to improve on that bad start.
The Phillies hope to leave Denver with a series win and a .500 record in the standings, before they go on to Washington for a three games series with the Nationals in the Nation's capitol.


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By Robyn Collins
Peter Gabriel has been busy this summer. He toured North America with Sting and released his first new song in two years, "I'm Amazing." Today, he has another new song to share.
Gabriel has written and produced a song, "The Veil," for the new Oliver Stone movie, Snowden. The movie is about the exiled digital-era whistle blower, and the song is very clearly about the man himself.
Recently: Peter Garbiel and Sting The 'Tantric Twins,' Stretch Out in New York
Shaun Keaveny recently debuted the song on BBC 6Music, and you can stream it here; jump to the 50:15 mark.
Gabriel has released the following statement about the song and it's subject matter:
As we become so visible in the digital world and leave an endless trail of data behind us, exactly who has our data and what they do with it becomes increasingly important. Snowden's revelations shocked the world and made it very clear why we need to have some way to look over those who look over us. With increasing terrorist attacks, security is critical, but not without any accountability or oversight.
I was very happy to learn Oliver Stone had decided to make a film about Edward Snowden and believe this is a powerful and inspiring film. Oliver takes his music very seriously and I have always enjoyed collaborating with him and [music supervisor] Budd Carr.


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Images shown may not be an exact representation of the actual product.You may contact us if you have questions about the exact specifications of this item.
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Read 886 Flea and Tick Shampoo for Cats reviews, with an average rating of 4.74 out of 5 stars, to help determine which pet products are right for you.
Bio Spot Bio Guard Gentle Shampoo for Dogs & Cats
|Bio Spot Bio Guard is the gentle shampoo for dogs, puppies, cats and kittens. Its soothing, water-based formula is easy to lather up and rinse out, leaving the coat clean, conditioned and smelling fresh. It will not wash out spot-on flea & tick protection and is great as a regular grooming shampoo. Gentle shampoo for dogs, cats, puppies & kittens Won't wash out spot-on flea & tick protection Non-irritating, pH-balanced, water based formula Bio Guard is lab tested and proven safe for contact with pets and people. It is safe to use with Bio Spot®, Advantage®, Frontline®, FleaTrol® and Onespot® flea & tick control treatments.Directions:1. Wet pet thoroughly with warm water.2. Work shampoo well into coat.3. Rinse pet thoroughly and towel dry.Note: When washing puppies and kittens, towel dry them immediately after rinsing to prevent chill.
Bio Groom Flea & Tick Shampoo
|The Bio-Groom Flea & Tick product line offers you the most effective solution to the ever present problem of control & eradication of fleas and ticks. Kills fleas, lice and ticks on contact Made with Pyrethrins, nature's own insecticide Hydrating shampoo base is extra mild with Fast Rinsing Formula Formulated with naturally safe and effective ingredients, the quality and knock down power of Bio-Groom Flea & Tick products is time tested and safe with monthly Spot-on products. Can be used on dogs and cats (Not to be used on puppies or kittens under 12 weeks of age).Directions: Use as is or dilute 1 part with 4 parts water. Wet coat thoroughly with warm water. Apply shampoo and work well into the coat. Allow lather to stand for 10 minutes if fleas, ticks, or lice are present (if heavily infested, use full strength). Rinse with warm water, dry and groom as usual. Repeat every seven days, if needed.Active Ingredients:Pyrethrins 0.045%Piperonyl Butoxide, Technical 0.090%N-Octyl Bicycloheptene Dicarboximide 0.150%
Fresh 'n Clean Flea & Tick Conditioning Shampoo
|Lambert Kay Fresh 'n Clean Flea & Tick Shampoo is a scented shampoo for dogs & cats that contains 0.05% Pyrethrins. Safe for puppies & kittens over 12 weeks old. Kills fleas and ticks with botanically derived pyrethrins insecticide. Kills fleas & ticks with botanically derived insecticide Conditions & lusterizes skin & coat Safe for puppies & kittens over 12 weeks old Flea & Tick Shampoo conditions and lusterizes while it kills fleas and ticks and gives pets a fresh floral scent for up to two weeks.
Advantage Flea & Tick Treatment Shampoo for Cats & Kittens
|Advantage Flea & Tick Treatment Shampoo for Cats and Kittens kills fleas and ticks on contact. This specialized pet shampoo is unscented to avoid fragrance sensitivities, and is specially formulated for cats and kittens over 12 weeks of age. Kills fleas & ticks on contact Unscented pet shampoo avoids fragrance sensitivities For cats & kittens over 12 weeks old Directions: Do not repeat treatment for 7 days. Do not use on kittens under 12 weeks. Follow all directions on bottle. Active Ingredients: Pyrethins - 0.150% Poperonyl butoxide, Technical - 0.300% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide - 0.479% Other Ingredients: 99.071% Total: 100.000%
Natural Chemistry De Flea Shampoo Concentrate
|All De Flea products are guaranteed to kill fleas, mites, ticks and lice Concentrated formula mixes with water to kill fleas on contact. Use on Dogs, Cats, Puppies and Kittens Safe and highly effective Relieves skin irritation Pesticide-free and non-toxic Unconditionally guaranteed De Flea Shampoo Concentrate is a 3:1 concentrate that provides added value for professional groomers looking for an alternative to shampoo's containing harsh chemicals. It can also be used when other flea control products are present on pet! For Cats And Dogs Of All Ages. Removes Fleas Without Using Toxic Chemicals. Ingredients:Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate 8.4% Undecylenic Acid 2.0% Other Ingredients 89.6% NOTE: When using on cats/kittens ALWAYS RINSE after spraying especially areas around the mouth. If the product does get in the mouth, rinse mouth area well, including inside the mouth. While the product will not cause any harm, some cats may react with a slight foam around the mouth. If this does happen, it will stop within two hours.
Zodiac Flea & Tick Shampoo for Dogs & Cats
|Zodiac Flea & Tick Shampoo kills fleas, ticks and lice while adding luster and groomability to your pet's coat. Insecticidal ingredients in this pleasantly scented shampoo are highly and quickly effective against fleas, ticks, and lice. Kills fleas, ticks & lice Pleasant scent Can be used on dogs & cats The coconut conditioners help in building body, luster, and groomability! Active Ingredients: piperonyl butoxide, technical* 0.50%, pyrethrins .05%.Other ingredients: 99.45%. *Equivalent to 0.40% (butylcarbityl) (6-propylpiperonyl) ether and 0.10% related compounds.Directions: It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Wet the dog or cat and apply a generous amount of shampoo, working it well into the coat. For best results, the pet should be left in a lathered state for 4-5 minutes before rinsing with warm water. Do not reapply product for two weeks.Precautionary Statements:Keep out of reach of children. Read entire label before each use. Use only on dogs and cats.Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals--Caution:Do not use on animals under 12 weeks. Consult a veterinarian before using this product on debilitated, aged, pregnant, nursing, or medicated animals. Sensitiveness may occur after using any pesticide product for pets. If sensitivity occurs, bathe your pet with mild pet shampoo and rinse with large amounts of water. If signs continue, consult a veterinarian immediately. Harmful if swallowed. Causes eye irritation. Avoid contact with eyes or clothing. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. In case of infection or skin irritation, discontinue use and consult a veterinarian.
Magic Coat Flea & Tick Shampoo for Dogs & Cats
|Magic Coat Flea & Tick Shampoo eliminates fleas and ticks hiding in your dog or cat's fur using a gentle formula that restores the coat's natural luster. This special pet shampoo removes mats and tangles to leave your furry friend's coat soft, clean and healthy. Kills fleas & ticks that can cause skin irritation Solves matting & tangle problems Leaves a beautiful luster on coat This product cleans and conditions, kills fleas and ticks and removes matted and tangled hair in one easy operation. Leaves a very high luster on your pet's coat.Made in the USA.Directions:1. Wet dog or cat thoroughly.2. Apply a small quantity of product to the fur. Build up a luxurious lather by rubbing on matted and tangles area and allow the lather to penetrate at least 3 minutes.3. Rinse dog or cat thoroughly and towel dry.4. Comb and brush dog or cat until completely dry. This product cleans and conditions, kills fleas and ticks and removes matted and tangled hair in one easy operation. Leaves a very high luster on pet's coat. Repeat weekly if necessary. Do not use on puppies or kittens under 12 weeks of age. Consult a veterinarian before applying this product on debilitated, aged, pregnant or nursing animals or animals on medication. Sensitivities may occur after using ANY pesticide product for pets. If signs of sensitivity occur, bathe your pet with mild soap and rinse with large amounts of water. If signs continue, consult a veterinarian immediately.Active Ingredients:Pyrethrins - 0.045%Piperonyl Butoxide, Technical - 0.090%N-octyl Bicycloheptene Dicarboximide - 0.150%Other Ingredients: 99.715%
Adams Plus Flea & Tick Shampoo with Precor
|Adams Flea & Tick Shampoo with Precor is a rich, concentrated lathering shampoo that cleans and deodorizes your pet's skin and coat, killing fleas, brown dog ticks, American dog ticks, lice and flea eggs and larvae in the process. Kills fleas and ticks and prevents flea eggs from hatching Effective for up to 4 weeks Safe for puppies and kittens over 12 weeks old Deodorizes and cleans your pet's skin and coat In addition to removing all of these unwanted ticks and fleas, this shampoo gives your dog's coat a bright luster and prevents flea eggs from hatching for up to four weeks.Directions: May be used full strength or diluted with 2 parts water. Thoroughly wet pet with warm water. Do not apply shampoo around eyes. Total amount of shampoo to be applied is 1 1/3 tablespoons for each 5 lbs of pet's weight. Estimate total amount of shampoo needed for your pet, then apply shampoo along the back of the pet. Work well into coat starting at the head and working back. Spread lather to ninclude head, neck, legs and feet. Continue to work lather in over the whole pet for 3 to 5 minutes (this is an important part of the grooming procedure). After lather has been worked in over the entire pet, rinse pet thoroughly with warm water. For extremely dirty or scaly animals, the above procedure may be repeated. Repeat every 7 to 10 days, if necessary, for adult flea relief. Flea egg hatch inhibition will last for 28 days.
Natural Chemistry De Flea Pet Shampoo
|Natural Chemistry De Flea Shampoo (16.9 oz) kills fleas on contact! De Flea Shampoo does not use pyrethroids or similar chemicals to achieve results, so fleas and other parasites do not become resistant, thus, the product never loses effectiveness. DeFlea Shampoo can be used on any age puppy or kitten! The only EPA registered product that can be used in conjunction with spot on type products Highly effective on fleas, ticks, lice & mites Unconditionally guaranteed Won't wash out spot-on flea & tick protection. Contains no pyrethrins or similar chemicals EPA approved label requires NO HAZARD WARNINGS! Lowest possible toxicity ratings in all EPA categories NOTE: When using on cats, we recommend that the cat be rinsed (especially in the face area) and dried after application. This will prevent ingestion of large quantities of the product during the kitten's normal self-grooming process. It is vital for young puppies and kittens to maintain a normal body temperature. Take precautions to provide a warm environment during and after bathing.
Flea & Tick Shampoo for Cats & Kittens
|Four Paws Magic Coat Flea and Tick Shampoo has been specially formulated to kill fleas, ticks and lice on cats (do not use on kittens under 12 weeks of age) without harm to their coat or skin. Also helps prevent skin irritation due to fleas and ticks, solves matting and tangle problems. Use on Cats & Kittens Kills Fleas on contact Also effective on Ticks & Lice Rich, highly concentrated shampoo and conditioner Leaves the pet's coat with a beautiful lustre and a fresh scent Instructions:Wet cat thoroughly. Apply a small quantity to the fur, being careful to avoid contact with the eyes. Build up a luxurious lather by rubbing into the fur. Concentrate rubbing on matted and tangled areas. Allow the lather to penetrate at least 5 minutes. Rinse pet thoroughly and towel dry. Comb and brush pet until completely dry.Consult a veterinarian before using this product on debiliated, aged, pregnant or nursing animals or animals on medication. Sensitivites may occur after using ANY pesticide product for pets. If signs of sensitivity occur, bathe your pet with mild soap and rinse with large amounts of water. If signs continue, consult a verterinarian immediately.Ingredients:Pyrethrins--0.045%, piperonyl butoxide--0.090%, N-octyl bicycloheptenen dicabonximide--0.150%.
Natural Chemistry Natural Flea & Tick Shampoo For Cats
|Natural Chemistry Natural Flea & Tick Shampoo For Cats is a natural breakthrough product with a patent pending botanical formula. Kills fleas and ticks on contact, can be used as a spot-on treatment and will not wash out. Natural botanical formula Kills fleas and ticks on contact Can be used as a spot treatment & will not wash out Contains no pyrethrins.
Bio Spot Active Care Flea & Tick Shampoo for Cats & Kittens
|Bio Spot Active Care Flea & Tick Shampoo for Cats and Kittens kills fleas and ticks on contact, and contains an Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) that kills eggs to prevent reinfestation. This shampoo contains aloe, lanolin, and oatmeal to soothe your pet's skin and leave the coat soft and shiny. Flea & tick shampoo for cats and kittens Kills fleas, ticks, lice, flea eggs & flea larvae Insect Growth Regulator kills eggs to prevent reinfestation Soothes skin & rejuvenates coat Note: Only for use on cats and kittens 12 weeks and older. Follow all package directions for use.Active Ingredients:(S)-Methoprene - 0.10%Pyrethins - 0.15%Piperonyl Butoxide - 1.88%Other Ingredients: 97.87%Total: 100.00%


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NVIDIA is looking to up the ante in the realm of notebook GPUs with its new GeForce 9M series. NVIDIA is banking on both power and efficiency to win over OEMs and end-users with the new GPUs.
NVIDIA claims that the new GeForce 9M GPUs are up to 40% faster than the previous generation GeForce 8M parts and as much as ten times faster than a certain chip giant's "generic" integrated GPUs -- namely, Intel. All of the new GPUs incorporate PureVideo HD and support DVI, HDMI 1.3, DisplayPort 1.1, and Blu-ray Profile 2.0. All GeForce 9M GPUs comply with the MXM 3.0 graphics module specification.
On other feature to consider with the GeForce 9M is the inclusion of Hybrid SLI technology. This allows OEMs to incorporate a low-power GPU for everyday desktop duties and a higher-performing part for graphics-intensive duties -- NVIDIA SLI support may be added at a later date.
"Beginning this summer, GeForce 9M GPUs and Hybrid SLI, paired with AMD and Intel CPUs, will enable a new breed of notebooks," said Jeff Fisher, NVIDIA's GPU Senior VP. "These new notebooks will be optimized to deliver a visual experience and raw computing performance that traditional cookie-cutter notebooks with integrated graphics simply can't touch."
In addition, this new GPU features a multi-core architecture which will not only speed up entertainment applications, but will also speed up today's lifestyle applications, like video encoding from a PC to a small personal media device, where the speed up in the video conversion is up to 5x faster with the GeForce 9M family GPUs."
NVIDIA has broken the GeForce 9M into three categories: Value, Mainstream, and Performance. The Value sector will be solely represented by the GeForce 9100M G. The Mainstream sector will be propped up by the GeForce 9400M, GeForce 9300M GS, and GeForce 9200M GS. Finally, the Performance sector features the GeForce 9600M GT, GeForce 9600M GS, and GeForce 9500M G.
Unlike some of ATI's latest graphics offerings, the new GeForce 9M series will not support DirectX 10.1. NVIDIA says that consumers will base their buying decisions on price and performance and that support for a particular API is not of extreme importance.
For those looking to take advantage of PhysX -- a recent acquisition of NVIDIA's -- drivers are expected to be made available during Q3 2008.
NVIDIA definitely isn't holding back with its ribbing of Intel with this latest GPU release. Intel has expressed its intentions to bulk up its integrated GPU offerings and expand into discrete graphics. NVIDIA is fighting back by littering subtle jabs in its press releases ("generic", "cookie cutter", etc.) and with not so subtle comments from its CEO.
It should be interesting to see how things in the graphics market pan out as Intel and NVIDIA continue to cross paths within the next 18 months.


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This Has Got to Be the Unluckiest/Badassest Fighter Pilot Ever
Oh, you say you fly jets for the Air Force? Yeah, that's cool. Say, didja ever have the cockpit lights and most of your instruments go out on your aging MiG in the middle of a pitch-black night and have to land with a flashlight in your teeth? Then, three months later, did you glide another fighter to the ground—from the backseat—after a bird struck its only engine and flamed the sucker out?
No? Then sit the hell down and let Indian Air Force Wing Commander Aditya Prakash Singh show you how it's done:
On April 30, 2013, he was flying a practice diversion sortie by night on a MiG-21 Bison aircraft to Halwara when the battery heavy discharge light came on along with the master blinker indicating a failure of the electrical system of the aircraft. All the cockpit lights slowly faded away, making it impossible for him to read the instruments which are required for safe operation of the aircraft. Singh lowered the undercarriage and flaps to take off position as that would not be possible once the electrical system failed completely. "At this stage, disregarding his personal safety, he took a decision to take off his mask and hold the torch in his mouth to illuminate the instruments," the air force said.
In three months, Singh again exhibited impressive flying skills. On the night of July 29, 2013, as the captain of MiG-21 trainer, he was on the rear seat of the jet. The aircraft experienced total loss of engine power after a bird hit during the landing phase.
Long story short, Singh glided the plane down without any damage. India decided to award him something called the Shaurya Chakra, also known as a "braveheart" medal, for "his ability to maintain his composure in a grave emergency situation, courage, creative thinking and professionalism." Hey, it's cheaper than buying newer fighter jets, I guess.
In any case, if you fear imminent death on airplanes, you should probably fly with Singh. If, on the other hand, you fear mind-dulling boredom on airplanes, you should fly with Singh, too!
[Photo credit: AP]


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Power Week-in-Review: 30s Smartphone Charge, Compact EV Motor Prototype & Class-D Driver
Nanotechnology startup StoreDot has demonstrated a fast-charge battery prototype that is claimed to be able to charge smartphones and other devices in just 30 seconds (see video demo (1:27) below).
The battery's electrodes are based on multifunctional "nanodots" derived from bio-organic material, enabling both very fast supercapacitor-like charging on one side and slow discharge -- like a lithium electrode -- on the other. The company anticipates that the battery technology may be on the market within three years.
A compact electromotor prototype has been presented that integrates the motor, gear drive, and inverter, and uses no rare earth metals. The "MotorBrain" -- a collaboration among Infineon Technologies, Siemens, the Institute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology at the Technische Universität Dresden, and ZF Friedrichshafen -- reduces the weight of the powertrain from previous models to less than 70 kg and can fit in a laptop or notebook backpack. According to the researchers, the MotorBrain could extend the driving distance of a midsized vehicle 30 km to 40 km farther than today's electric vehicles.
In product news, Linear Technology has announced a high-efficiency secondary-side MOSFET driver that operates without the need for a traditional pulse transformer for primary- to secondary-side communication. The LT8311 operates from 3.7 to 30 V and is used with a primary-side IC like the LT3752/-1 for up to 400-V+ inputs.
Intersil has introduced small-form-factor 60V, 1A/2A peak half bridge drivers designed for applications using DC motors, three-phase brushless DC motors, or similar loads. The HIP2103/HIP2104 feature a 5-µA sleep-mode quiescent current, 3.3-V and 12-V LDOs with dedicated enable pins (HIP2104), and 4-V undervoltage lockout.
Exar has extended its PowerBlox family of switching regulators. The XR76108, XR76112 and XR76115 synchronous step-down regulators deliver point-of-load supplies of 8, 12, and 15 A, respectively.
An audio driver IC from International Rectifier provides protected PWM switching for class-D audio amplifier applications. The IRS20965 operates up to 800 kHz and offers a VOFFSET(max) of ±100 V and a gate drive of 2 A.
Silego Technology has introduced a couple of new GreenFET3 load switches. The SLG59M1527V 16-mΩ dual-channel device handles 4.5 A max current per channel, while the SLG59M1557 28-mΩ P-channel device can achieve 0.1 uA typical and 1 uA maximum quiescent current in both ON and OFF states.
New compact DIN-rail dc/dc converters from CUI are housed in 76 x 31.5 x 25.8-mm packages with all electrical connections easily accessible via screw terminals. Available across three series -- PYB10-DIN, PYB15-DIN, and PYB20-DIN -- the 47 modules have an output range of 10 Wto 20 W with input ranges of 9 Vdc to 36 Vdc or 18 Vdc to 75 Vdc for battery-driven applications.
Finally, Molex has announced an orthogonal direct-power connector system designed for routing power to backplane line cards in networking and telecom applications. The EXTreme OrthoPower connector system uses a dedicated power card to power each line card for 30.0 A in-and-out-routing, and delivers a total of 60.0 A per module via split-blade technology.