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In three plus years of tweeting, I've picked up what I perceive to be the general etiquette for engaging on Twitter. I've also done research asking B2B marketers how they engage and how they educate their employees and SMEs to engage. I've rolled all that up into an approach that I doubt constantly.
I don't seem to be alone. Lots of people seem to be having Twitter identity crises these days. Social media a-lister Chris Brogan, who had a policy of following back everyone who followed him, deleted everybody before finally settling on a few hundred people to follow and shifting his attention to the new social network on the block, G+. Another popular blogger, Mitch Joel, worries that he sucks at Twitter because he doesn't follow everyone back.
Meanwhile, we have opportunist sites like Triberr that let you "grow your reach" by automatically tweeting things that people in your "tribes" write about, as explained (exposed really), by Neicole Crepeau in this excellent post. What a ridiculous notion, that someone's content is worth tweeting every time. I don't know anyone whose content I would recommend to my followers every time (and I have 135 feeds I follow in Google reader). Do you?
It's always been clear that the people who invented Twitter don't really know what to do with it, but up to now, it seemed like the users did. Now I wonder. I've invested hundreds, maybe thousands of hours into Twitter and I'm starting to feel like a loser. Integrity is one of my few talents and I'm afraid it's wasted on Twitter.
Here's my list of what seem like the right things to do on Twitter so that I feel like I'm being a good member of the B2B marketing guild—i.e., helping my followers learn and discover new people who have smart things to say about marketing. Can you add your recommendations to this list or tell me why I'm wrong? If you feel strongly about this, maybe we can turn it into a Twitter pledge and share it.
- I read everything I link to in my tweets and everything I re-tweet
- I don't tweet my blog posts multiple times unless there have been comments that I want to alert people to
- I do automatically schedule tweets but I don't auto-tweet stuff I haven't read
- I tweet links to content, not quotes from famous people
- Follower counts don't enter into my decision whether to follow someone
- I tweet at least 5:1 ratio of other people's content to my own
- I tweet thank yous to people who mention me in their tweets
That's my list. What's yours?
Related articles
- Triberr: Inauthentic meets un-fluential (citymama.com)


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Robots: Ethical, Social and Legal Issues
In this episode Per talks to Pericle Salvini from Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna about his work with social, ethical and legal issues in robotics today. We also hear about the Robolaw project that will provide advice to the European Union when it creates laws concerning robotics.
Syndicated 2013-04-19 07:00:00 from Robots - The Podcast for News and Views on Robotics

subset: commoncrawl


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Frequent exposure to suboptimal temperatures in vaccine cold-chain system in India: results of temperature monitoring in 10 states
Manoj V Murhekar a, Srihari Dutta b, Ambujam Nair Kapoor c, Sailaja Bitragunta d, Raja Dodum e, Pramit Ghosh f, Karumanagounder Kolanda Swamy g, Kalyanranjan Mukhopadhyay h, Somorjit Ningombam i, Kamlesh Parmar j, Devegowda Ravishankar k, Balraj Singh l, Varsha Singh m, Rajesh Sisodiya n, Ramaratnam Subramanian g & Tana Takum e
a. National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, R127, Tamil Nadu Housing Board, Ayapakkam, Ambattur, Chennai 600 077, India.
b. United Nations Children's Fund, New Delhi, India.
c. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
d. Directorate of Health, Medical and Familty Welfare, Government of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, India.
e. Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, Papum Pare, India.
f. Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, India.
g. Directorate of Public Health, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India.
h. Directorate of Health and Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata, India.
i. Directorate of Health Services, Government of Manipur, Imphal, India.
j. Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India.
k. Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka, Bengaluru, India.
l. Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India.
m. State Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bihar, Patna, India.
n. Directorate of Health Services, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, India.
Correspondence to Manoj V Murhekar (e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com).
(Submitted: 22 February 2013 – Revised version received: 01 June 2013 – Accepted: 12 June 2013 – Published online: 09 September 2013.)
Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2013;91:906-913. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.119974
Childhood immunization is one of the most cost-effective health interventions.1 Since most vaccines are sensitive to heat, an adequate cold-chain system often has to be created and maintained to preserve the quality of a vaccine before it is administered. Although emphasis has long been placed on avoiding high temperatures during vaccine storage and shipment,2 exposure to "subzero" temperatures – i.e. temperatures < 0 °C – can also damage and reduce the potency of the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DPT), diphtheria and tetanus, tetanus toxoid, hepatitis B and pentavalent vaccines.3–9 The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all childhood vaccines except the oral polio vaccine be kept at 2–8 °C during their in-country distribution.10
In India, the Universal Immunization Programme targets 27 million infants and 30 million pregnant women every year.10 The focus of the programme is on the vaccination of children aged less than 1 year against six vaccine-preventable diseases – tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and measles – and the vaccination of pregnant women against tetanus. In some states, vaccines against hepatitis B and Japanese encephalitis are also included in the programme. There is a five-level supply chain for vaccines in India. This chain begins with government medical supply depots (n = 4). These depots supply state vaccine stores (n = 35), which, in turn, supply regional vaccine stores (n = 116). Vaccine is sent from the regional stores to district vaccine stores (n = 626), which, in turn, supply the last links in the chain: the primary or community health centres that act as peripheral vaccine stores (n = 26 439).10 Note that, in terms of the cold chain, a region is a subdivision of a state, not vice versa. Within this chain, all vaccines except the oral polio vaccine should be stored at 2–8 °C – either in walk-in coolers or ice-lined refrigerators – and be transported in cold boxes with ice packs that have been allowed to reach 0 °C. Although most of the cold-chain equipment in India is maintained by dedicated "cold-chain technicians" who are employed by the state-level departments of health, a few states buy such maintenance from the private sector. Immunization services in the public sector are mostly provided at district hospitals, urban health centres and primary or community health centres. However, outreach vaccination sessions at health subcentres or in remote villages are also conducted, using vaccine transported from the nearest primary or community health centre.
In India, several studies have assessed the exposure of vaccines to high temperatures.11–13 However, there appears to be no information on vaccine exposure to subzero temperatures in the national cold-chain system. We therefore conducted a study to estimate the frequency of vaccine exposure to suboptimal temperatures – i.e. temperatures of < 0 or > 8 °C – at various levels in the cold chain.
Selection of study sites
The study was conducted, from February to August 2012, by following a WHO protocol for monitoring temperatures in a cold-chain system for vaccines.2 Ten Indian states – Bihar and West Bengal in the east of the country, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur in the north-east, Himachal Pradesh in the north, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in the south, Gujarat in the west, and the central state of Madhya Pradesh – were selected to represent the main geographical regions of India (Appendix A, available at: http://www.nie.gov.in/Bulletin2013/Murhekar/AppendixA.pdf). In each of these 10 states, the district that was most distant from the state capital and the one that was largest in terms of either population (n = 9) or number of peripheral vaccine stores (n = 1) were selected for study. In each of the 20 selected districts, two peripheral health facilities where vaccine is stored – generally the two that were most distant from the district vaccine store – were selected, to give four peripheral vaccine stores – one urban and three rural – for investigation in each study state. We consulted with the managers of the Universal Immunization Programme to ensure that the peripheral vaccine stores that we selected for study were both accessible and staffed.2 We also investigated the most distant outreach session run by each of the peripheral vaccine stores that we investigated. In each study state, one or two researchers were responsible for planning, coordinating and monitoring the study.
Test boxes
Forty test boxes – each of which contained a TRIX-8 electronic temperature recorder (LogTag Recorders, Auckland, New Zealand), two vials of DPT vaccine (procured from the state vaccine store for Tamil Nadu in Chennai), a FreezeAlert freeze-event indicator (Sensitech, Beverly, United States of America) and a TransTracker C freeze-event indicator (Temptime, Morris Plains, USA) – were prepared. The recorder used is a datalogger that records temperatures every 30 minutes. The DPT vials passed a shake test14 – indicating they had never been frozen – before they were placed in the boxes.
Four of these test boxes – one for each of the peripheral vaccine stores that we investigated in the state – were placed in the state vaccine store – or regional vaccine store if no state store existed – in each study state. Each of these boxes was then stored, handled and transported, exactly as if it contained routine supplies of DPT vaccine, to one of the peripheral vaccine stores that we investigated. Each box was stored for at least 1 month in a state vaccine store (if present), 1 month in a regional vaccine store (if present), 1 month in a district vaccine store and 2 weeks in a peripheral vaccine store. Although the card boxes used for the study were the same as those used for routine vaccine shipments in India, they could be identified by the personnel involved in the cold chain. Each test box was accompanied by a monitoring sheet that was used by the staff in each store – or the research teams – to record when the box entered the store and when it left.
Temperature monitoring during outreach sessions
For outreach sessions, the vials of vaccines were routinely placed in polythene bags and transported from peripheral vaccine stores in vaccine carriers. For the present study, a TransTracker C freeze-event indicator was placed in the polythene bag containing the vaccine vials for each outreach session that we investigated. These indicators were checked at the end of the outreach sessions to see if these vials had been exposed to subzero temperatures after they had left the peripheral vaccine stores.
Interviews and store records
In interviews based on a structured questionnaire, the personnel who handled vaccine vials in the cold chain were asked about the maintenance of cold-chain equipment. Records of temperatures that had been routinely kept in each vaccine store were reviewed for the previous 3 months.
Data analysis
At the end of the study, test boxes were collected from the peripheral vaccine stores and transported – at room temperature – to the National Institute of Epidemiology in Chennai. The data from the dataloggers were downloaded and analysed. We calculated the proportions of the 40 boxes that had been exposed to a temperature of < 0 or > 8 °C at each level of the cold chain and while in transit and the percentages of the time that – while stored at each level of the cold chain or in transit – each datalogger had been exposed to a temperature of < 0 or > 8 °C. For each datalogger, we also estimated the longest period of exposure to a temperature of < 0 or > 8 °C, assuming that the datalogger had remained at a similar temperature between two consecutive temperature recordings of < 0 or > 8 °C. The freeze-event indicators in the test boxes were read after the boxes had been transported – unchilled – to Chennai. A shake test was conducted on all DPT vials retrieved from the peripheral vaccine stores.
The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the National Institute of Epidemiology. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the health authorities in each study state.
The 40 dataloggers recorded temperatures over a total of 138 476 hours. The temperature data recorded while the test boxes were in vaccine stores and in transit accounted for > 99% and < 1% of this total time, respectively.
Proportions of boxes exposed to suboptimal temperatures
During their storage at state and regional vaccine stores, 11% (4/36) and 26% (5/19) of the test boxes were exposed to subzero temperatures while 89% and 58% of the boxes were exposed to temperatures of > 8 °C, respectively (Table 1). The corresponding proportions at peripheral vaccine stores were 63% (25/40) and 88% (35/40), respectively. During their transportation – and depending on the level of the cold chain at which the transport began – 18–36% of the test boxes were exposed to subzero temperatures and 0 to 66% were exposed to temperatures of > 8 °C (Table 1).
Temperatures at vaccine stores
While at state, regional and district vaccine stores, the dataloggers only spent 1.5% (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.4–1.6), 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1–0.2) and 0.6% (95% CI: 0.5–0.7) of their time at subzero temperatures, respectively. Although exposure to such low temperatures was only recorded at one of the state vaccine stores that we investigated – the one for Tamil Nadu (Table 2) – temperatures of > 8 °C were recorded at all of the state stores that we investigated except the one for Tamil Nadu. At regional and district vaccine stores, the dataloggers spent 13.2% and 8.3% of their time at temperatures of > 8 °C, respectively. At the peripheral health facilities, exposure to temperatures of < 0 or > 8 °C was quite common and accounted for 10.5% (95% CI: 10.2–10.8) and 14.7% (95% CI: 14.3–15) of the time that the dataloggers spent in such facilities, respectively. Temperatures of > 8 °C were particularly common in the peripheral vaccine stores in the states of Manipur, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh (Table 3). Overall, temperatures of < 0 and > 8 °C were recorded for 4% and 13% of the combined time –137 519 hours – that the dataloggers recorded temperatures in vaccine stores.
Table 2. Times that vaccines in state and regional stores spent at suboptimal temperatures, India, 2012
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Table 3. Times that vaccines in district and peripheral stores and in transit spent at suboptimal temperatures, India, 2012
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In some vaccine stores, the members of the research team quickly identified the reasons for the suboptimal temperatures that had been recorded. At the state vaccine store in Tamil Nadu, for example, a thermostat had been turned too low, resulting in subzero temperatures, while gaps between the plates forming the walls of the walk-in cooler used by the state vaccine store in Manipur allowed the temperatures in the cooler to rise above the optimal values.
Temperatures during transit
Temperatures during transit between vaccine stores were recorded for a total of 957 hours. Exposures to temperatures of < 0 and > 8 °C were recorded for 173.5 (18.1%; 95% CI: 15.8–20.8) and 69.5 hours (7.3%; 95% CI: 5.8–9.2) in transit, respectively. Exposure to subzero temperatures was particularly frequent during the shipment of the vaccines in Himachal Pradesh (52.2% of transit time), Manipur (25.9%), Arunachal Pradesh (23.6%) and Bihar (18%), whereas exposure to a temperature of > 8 °C during transit was most common in Bihar (23.3% of transit time) and Andhra Pradesh (16.2%) (Table 3).
Temperatures during outreach sessions
Two of the 40 bags of vaccine vials investigated – both used in Tamil Nadu – were found to have been exposed to subzero temperatures during outreach sessions.
Duration of exposure to suboptimal temperatures
"Continuous spells" – that is, periods that covered at least two consecutive readings by a datalogger – accounted for about 85% of the exposure to subzero temperatures (Table 4) and 94% of the exposure to temperatures of > 8 °C (Table 5) that we recorded.
Table 4. Spells of continuous exposure of vaccines to temperatures of < 0 °C and results of shake tests, India, 2012
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Table 5. Spells of continuous exposure of vaccines to temperatures of > 8 °C, India, 2012
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Temperature monitoring with freeze-event indicators
Although subzero temperatures were recorded by the dataloggers in 34 of the 40 test boxes, the freeze-event indicators in 31 boxes showed evidence of freezing at any point during the study. The results seen with the two types of freeze-event indicators were identical.
Shake test
At the end of the study period, 67 of the 80 DPT vials that had been transported to peripheral vaccine stores were sent to the National Institute of Epidemiology for shake tests. Fifty-one (76%) of these 67 vials failed the test, indicating that the vaccines they contained had been frozen during the study period (Table 4).
Routine temperature monitoring and equipment maintenance
In five of the state vaccine stores that we investigated – those in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal – wireless dataloggers were being used routinely for temperature monitoring. The staff in the other state vaccine stores – and most of those in vaccine stores at lower levels of the cold chain – relied on the temperatures displayed on the control panels of coolers and refrigerators or on dial thermometers. There was no evidence that any of the devices used for routine temperature monitoring in the vaccine stores had ever been calibrated. Although every vaccine store that we investigated could provide records of the temperatures in the stores for the previous 3 months, there was no evidence to show that these records were routinely reviewed to identify any deviations from the recommended temperatures. Almost all of the routine records of temperature indicated values of 2–8 °C.
Maintenance of the cold-chain equipment in the states of Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh and West Bengal was outsourced to the private sector. In the other states that we investigated, such maintenance was the responsibility of cold-chain technicians employed by the states' health departments. In all of the states, the mean frequency of defrosting of ice-lined refrigerators in primary or community health centres varied from once a week to once a month. The median ages of the walk-in coolers found in state and regional vaccine stores was 12 years (range: 2–27 years) while the median age of the ice-lined refrigerators – which were generally found at lower levels of the cold chain – was 11 years (range: 1–23 years). The irregularity of the power supply was a major issue in all of the facilities that we investigated and especially in the primary or community health centres of Manipur, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
In terms of the quantity of vaccines used, numbers of beneficiaries, geographical spread, personnel and cold-chain equipment involved, India has one of the largest immunization programmes in the world.10 Each year, the country spends more than 500 million United States dollars on its national immunization programme. Several new or underused vaccines are likely to be introduced in this programme in the near future. Maintenance of an adequate cold-chain system is essential if vaccines of good quality are to reach each child or woman to be vaccinated. The present study indicates that – as they work their way from state vaccine stores to the children needing them – the vaccines are frequently exposed to temperatures that are lower or higher than the recommended values, with presumably adverse effects on the quality of the vaccines.
During their storage in the vaccine stores in most of the study states, the vials of vaccine in the test boxes were more frequently exposed to temperatures that were higher than the recommended values than to subzero temperatures. The problem of exposure to high temperatures during storage appeared to be particularly acute in the states of Manipur, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Himachal Pradesh. In general, exposure to subzero temperatures was found to be common only during storage at peripheral health facilities and in the relatively short periods that the vaccines were in transit between storage facilities. In a systematic review of the results of 14 investigations on cold-chain systems in developing countries, the summary findings were that 21.9% (95% CI: 10.3–33.6) of the refrigerators used for storage and 35.3% (14.8–55.8) of shipments were exposed to freezing temperatures.15 Freezing during transportation is usually the result of the use of ice packs that have not been properly "conditioned" – that is, allowed to warm to 0 °C before use.16,17
In general, vaccine stability and potency are both temperature-dependent. Excessive heat can alter the protein structure and/or chemical stability of a vaccine and result in loss of potency. Lyophilized vaccines such as measles vaccines need to be kept cold and to be used within 4 hours after they have been reconstituted. Otherwise, such vaccines lose stability and are at increased risk of bacterial contamination. Exposure to freezing causes agglomeration of the aluminium salt adjuvants used in DPT and hepatitis vaccines4,18 and – since the size of the granules that form increases on repeated freezing and thawing19 – exposure to freezing probably has a cumulative adverse effect. In laboratory studies, the freezing of a vaccine has been found to cause the antigen to become disassociated from the adjuvant and reduce immunogenicity.3 DPT, diphtheria and tetanus and tetanus toxoid vaccines that have been frozen are more likely to cause local reactions than vaccines that have never been frozen.3 Although there is little direct evidence of vaccine failure in the field as the result of exposure of the vaccine to subzero temperatures, there have been a few reports from Mongolia of lower antibody responses to hepatitis B vaccine as the result of vaccine freezing.20,21
The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the extremes of temperature that occurred in India's national cold-chain system for vaccines. However, the members of the research team sometimes easily identified the reasons why vaccines were being exposed to suboptimal temperatures – such as an incorrectly set thermostat. The causes of the suboptimal temperatures recorded in all of the vaccine stores need to be identified. There seemed to be a general lack of attention to detail: the devices used for the routine monitoring of the temperatures in vaccine stores had never been calibrated, the temperature measurements that were made routinely were not regularly reviewed, and there was rarely a fixed schedule for the defrosting of refrigerators. Power cuts, shortages of trained personnel and irregular defrosting of refrigerators appeared to be the key issues affecting the maintenance of the cold chain at the district and subdistrict vaccine stores. The evidence for vaccine freezing during transport pointed towards the need for the conditioning of the ice packs used to keep the vaccines cool while in transit.16,17
Our study has certain limitations. Temperatures during the transport of vaccine from the peripheral stores to outreach sessions were only monitored with freeze-event indicators and not with the more informative dataloggers. Although the dataloggers were often exposed to temperatures of > 8 °C, we were not able to determine if such temperatures damaged the vaccine and we made no attempt to test the potency of the vaccine in each of the vials in the test boxes at the end of the study. Unfortunately, all of the DPT vials used in the study had been procured from the state vaccine store in Tamil Nadu – the only state vaccine store where our dataloggers recorded subzero temperatures. Although shake testing of these DPT vials indicated that none had been frozen before the start of our study, it remains possible – and perhaps probable – that they had already been exposed to subzero temperatures at that stage. The high number of DPT vials that failed the shake test at the end of our study may therefore have reflected the cumulative effect of exposures to subzero temperatures in the cold-chain system during our study and similar exposures at the state vaccine store at Tamil Nadu before the study began.
Based on the findings of our study, we propose several recommendations for improving the maintenance of the Indian cold chain. Briefly, there is an urgent need to identify the reasons for the suboptimal temperatures recorded in state, regional and district vaccine stores and to ensure the continuous and accurate monitoring of temperatures in these stores, using digital devices. There is a need to conduct refresher training of the staff of the peripheral stores, with emphasis on the regular defrosting of refrigerators. All staff involved in the transport of vaccines need to be taught how to condition ice packs, and the supervision of the monitoring of cold-chain temperatures needs to be improved. At all levels, there is a need for regular calibration of the devices used to record temperatures. Programme managers at all levels of the cold chain need to review temperature records regularly. The recording of a suboptimal temperature should prompt a rapid corrective response, such as a request for a visit from a cold-chain technician. Although a good cold-chain system may appear expensive, it is likely to be cost-effective, especially whenever costly combination vaccines need to be used in developing countries. Although the development of thermostable vaccines could improve vaccine effectiveness and decrease the need for a cold chain,22,23 such vaccines will probably be expensive, at least when they are initially marketed. Developing countries are therefore likely to need effective cold-chain systems for many more years.
We thank several colleagues for their critical comments on the manuscript, help in the study design or data analysis, and provision of the freeze-event indicators. We also thank the members of the Technical Advisory Group that was created for the study, for their valuable inputs in planning the study. The TransTracker C indicators were kindly provided, free of charge, by Temptime Corporation USA through their distributor Lisaline Lifescience Technologies.
The study was supported financially by the United Nations Children's Fund in New Delhi.
Competing interests:
None declared.
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- Study protocol for temperature monitoring in the vaccine cold chain. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
- Temperature sensitivity of vaccines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
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- Boros CA, Hanlon M, Gold MS, Roberton DM. Storage at –3°C for 24 h alters the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccines. Vaccine 2001; 19: 3537-42 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00063-9 pmid: 11348721.
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- Bolgiano B, Mawas F, Yost SE, Crane DT, Lemercinier X, Corbel MJ. Effect of physico-chemical modification on the immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b oligosaccharide-CRM(197) conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 2001; 19: 3189-200 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00024-X pmid: 11312015.
- Diminsky D, Moav N, Gorecki M, Barenholz Y. Physical, chemical and immunological stability of CHO-derived hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles. Vaccine 1999; 18: 3-17 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00149-8 pmid: 10501230.
- World Health Organization. Expanded Programme on Immunization. The effects of freezing on the appearance, potency, and toxicity of adsorbed and unadsorbed DTP vaccines. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1980; 55: 385-92.
- Handbook for vaccine and cold chain handlers. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2010. Available from: http://www.unicef.org/india/Cold_chain_book_Final_(Corrected19-04-10).pdf [accessed 20 June 2013].
- Samant Y, Lanjewar H, Parker D, Block L, Tomar GS, Stein B. Evaluation of the cold-chain for oral polio vaccine in a rural district of India. Public Health Rep 2007; 122: 112-21 pmid: 17236617.
- Goel NK, Pathak R, Galhotra A, Dankal C, Swami HM. Status of cold-chain maintenance in Chandigarh. Indian J Public Health 2008; 52: 37-9 pmid: 18700720.
- Galhotra A, Goel NK, Pathak R, Kumar R, Swami HM. Surveillance of cold chain system during intensified pulse polio programme – 2006 in Chandigarh. Indian J Pediatr 2007; 74: 751-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-007-0132-9 pmid: 17785898.
- Kartoglu U, Ozgüler NK, Wolfson LJ, Kurzatkowski W. Validation of the shake test for detecting freeze damage to adsorbed vaccines. Bull World Health Organ 2010; 88: 624-31 http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.08.056879 pmid: 20680128.
- Matthias DM, Robertson J, Garrison MM, Newland S, Nelson C. Freezing temperatures in the vaccine cold chain: a systematic literature review. Vaccine 2007; 25: 3980-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.052 pmid: 17382434.
- Training for middle-level managers: cold chain, vaccines and safe-injection equipment management. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization_delivery/systems_policy/MLM_module1.pdf [accessed 20 June 2013].
- Nelson C, Froes P, Dyck AM, Chavarría J, Boda E, Coca A, et al., et al. Monitoring temperatures in the vaccine cold chain in Bolivia. Vaccine 2007; 25: 433-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.08.017 pmid: 17000036.
- Braun LJ, Tyagi A, Perkins S, Carpenter J, Sylvester D, Guy M, et al., et al. Development of a freeze-stable formulation for vaccines containing aluminum salt adjuvants. Vaccine 2009; 27: 72-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.10.027 pmid: 18973782.
- Menon PS, Sahai G, Joshi VB, Murthy RG, Boparai MS, Thomas AK. Field trial on frozen and thawed tetanus toxoid. Indian J Med Res 1976; 64: 25-32 pmid: 1270098.
- Edstam JS, Dulmaa N, Nymadawa P, Rinchin A, Khulan J, Kimball AM. Comparison of hepatitis B vaccine coverage and effectiveness among urban and rural Mongolian 2-year-olds. Prev Med 2002; 34: 207-14 http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0972 pmid: 11817916.
- Edstam JS, Dulmaa N, Tsendjav O, Dambasuren B, Densmaa B. Exposure of hepatitis B vaccine to freezing temperatures during transport to rural health centers in Mongolia. Prev Med 2004; 39: 384-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.029 pmid: 15226050.
- Chen D, Kristensen D. Opportunities and challenges of developing thermostable vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2009; 8: 547-57 http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erv.09.20 pmid: 19397412.
- Lee BY, Cakouros BE, Assi TM, Connor DL, Welling J, Kone S, et al., et al. The impact of making vaccines thermostable in Niger's vaccine supply chain. Vaccine 2012; 30: 5637-43 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.087 pmid: 22789507.


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"A slight acquaintance with them will suffice to show you that, under the most imposing exterior, they are the weakest and worst part of mankind." (Thomas Jefferson, his opinion of the French)
"I would rather be exposed to the inconveniences attending too
much liberty than to those attending too small a degree of it." (Thomas Jefferson, to Archibald Stuart, 1791)
"It is neither wealth nor splendor; but tranquility and occupation which give you happiness." (Thomas Jefferson)
"Sometimes it is said that man cannot be trusted with the government of himself. Can he, then be trusted with the government of others? Or have we found angels in the form of kings to govern him? Let history answer this question." (Thomas Jefferson)
"That government is best which governs the least, because its people discipline themselves." (Thomas Jefferson)
"The art of life is the art of avoiding pain; and he is the best pilot, who steers clearest of the rocks and shoals with which it is beset." (Thomas Jefferson)
"The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants." (Thomas Jefferson)
"When we get piled upon one another in large cities, as in Europe, we shall become as corrupt as Europe." (Thomas Jefferson)


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September 28, 1991—Jazz Trumpeter Miles Davis dies from the combined effects of a stroke, pneumonia and respiratory failure in Santa Monica, California, at the age of 65. He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx.
Week of Sept. 19-25
September 25
1861—The Secretary of the Navy authorizes the enlistment of free Blacks and slaves as Union sailors in a bid to help the North win the Civil War against pro-slavery Southern Whites who had proven more difficult in battle than the North had originally expected.
1962—In another one of those instances demonstrating the tenacity of racism among Southern Whites, Mississippi Gov. Ross Barnett defies a federal court order and personally stands in the door to block the admittance of a Black student—James Meredith—to the University of Mississippi. Meredith would eventually be admitted and graduate. Historians now generally believe Ross' "show" was primarily designed to curry favor among White voters not actually to stop desegregation of the then-all-White university.
September 26
1867—Maggie L. Walker is born. She would become the most prominent Black businesswoman in the Richmond, Va., area and one of the wealthiest Black women in the nation. She also became the first Black woman to establish a bank in the nation. A social activist, she would help establish the Lilly Black political party in part as a slap at the "Lilly White" political parties of the day.
1907—The People's Savings Bank is incorporated in Philadelphia by one of the nation's early Black Congressman George H. White. White had been pretty much forced out of Congress as Jim Crow laws led to the increasing disenfranchisement of Black voters after Reconstruction. After leaving Congress, he turned his attention to Black economic advancement. His bank helped thousands of Blacks buy homes.
1929—Ida Stephens Owens is born. She would become the nation's first Black female bio-chemist.
1937—Blues great Bessie Smith dies of injuries sustained in an automobile accident near Clarksdale, Miss. Rumors spread that White medics refused to treat her. However, later information did cast doubt on the accuracy of those rumors.
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text:
I have the following struct and classes.
RefCounted has a virtual destructor, UnitHeader and Header are POD structs.Code:class RefCounted { private: LONG m_nRefCount; public: virtual ~RefCounted(); }; struct Header { short us; int i1; int i2; }; struct UnitHeader: public Header { BYTE filler[sizeof(ULONG) - (sizeof(UnitHeader) & (sizeof(ULONG) - 1))]; }; class CHeader : public UnitHeader, public RefCounted { };
CHeader inherits from UnitHeader and RefCounted.
Now consider this:
The 'this' pointer in CHeader is casted to UnitHeader struct and that memory area set to zero.Code:void CHeader::MakeDummy() { memset((UnitHeader*)this, 0, sizeof(UnitHeader)); }
It seems kinda hackish to me. Is this safe to do? Can I be sure that the Vtbl is not set to zero or something else goes wrong?


text:
Did I miss the boat on TSLA stock??????
Did I miss the boat on TSLA stock??????
Things will probably remain pretty steady for now, but big gains are likely if Tesla really can produce an "affordable" model in 2-3 years.
You probably missed this boat, but the long-term boat just docked.
Who knows what the future will hold, but one thing is for sure, EM is not resting and I think he has much more up his sleeve, to be introduced - step by step. What does this remind us of? Steve Jobs. Look at Apple. I did the most stupid thing a couple of years back believing Apple at USD 72 was a stretch. See what that did to me. Sic! I decided the day I bought the MS to buy shares as well. And I will hold on to them a long time. Is USD 75 - 85 a stretch? Who knows. But if you are in for the long haul, can you afford to second guess? I'd go for it.
@jdesmo I think you missed the boat if you wanted a 3x return in 60 days. However, as @rochec and @GeirT said, if you believe in the company, it's probably a good long term hold, but I don't think it's going to $150/share in the next 60 days though. Plus, the new offering announced yesterday adds some more math to the investment equation because of the convertibles, dilution, etc.
I'm adding to my position. But I am loooooong.
My initial investment pretty much covered the purchase of the car and that is after taxes on the investment. The car is paid for but I like this car so much I don't mind a monthly bill so I am refinancing the car at 1.99% and going balls deep TSLA. Even if the investment tanked, I am stuck driving the best car ever. That is not a bad position to be in.
For those saying they are still going to buy more, the question is: when?
Now--while it still seems to be on the adrenaline of the quarterly report and secondary offering--or do you see a decline back to the $70-80 range within a few weeks after the short squeeze is over?
Check this article out from 2.5 months ago: http://seekingalpha.com/article/1245151-tesla-the-ultimate-disrupter
Scenarios 4 and 5 would make today's share price a bargain!
I'm doing it now.
Yep, timing the market is a sure winner.
cgiGuy: Interesting questions. I bought at $32 and held. A week ago just prior to the Q1 report I bought some more at $56 and will hold. If it drops back to $70-80 I would buy again. But no matter what, I'm long. What say the rest of you?
That's almost exactly what I did, but you did better. I bought at 34, again at 65, and I agree, if it drops back into the 70s I'll likey buy more. It's a long term investment for me, and in the long run, I expect TSLA to go way up.
Getting my Model S a week from tomorrow - can't wait!
Can't forget the flood of foreign investors stampeding toward Tesla now... It's now a tsunami of demand for a while...
The boat still has room for passengers.
The general population is just now becoming aware of Tesla.
I'd say that you missed the boat when you see a Tesla in every garage or hear the last skeptic you know of talking about buying one.
You missed the short-term boat for sure. Long term it looks good though.
Is $92 a good entry point? Impossible to say. So much has changed, I am still wrapping my head around it.
Today's secondary offering was brilliant. I thought they would wait for the stock to settle into a trading range for a few days before doing it. Instead, they did it as soon as they had a single flat day, yesterday.
By doing so, they sent the signal that big money accepts these price levels, and set a floor on the stock that wasn't there before. Instead of waiting for it to settle to a market price, they've effectively set the price.
They keep doing this kind of thing. They proactively cause things to happen rather than passively wait for them to happen. It's super consistent and you can only expect more of this in every context. The way Steve Jobs would put paraphrase it, Musk and his team knows how to skate to where the puck is going to be.
After putting 6k miles on my P85 since January the prospect of driving anything else on a daily basis is almost comical.
Was reading about the 2014 Mercedes S Class last night.
Light years behind the MS.
Decided to buy more stock today at $90 per share if that is all MB can bring to market.
Danielcc +1
I bought in at 30 the day before MT announced MotorTrend car of the year and again at 51 a few weeks ago.
I wish I had the gumption to go all in at the first time, because it would have allowed me to get the P85 with just after tax profit by now. Oh well.....
One thing to remember is that if you wait a year you dont have to pay uncle Sam as much. In my case it is about a 15% difference.
A boat perhaps is the wrong way to look at it. A boat leaves the dock at a specific time. This is more like an escalator. May go up, may go down. No best time to get on or to get off. The only thing that IS certain, is no matter what you do, you'll kick yourself in hindsight. Should have bought in cheaper, sold sooner/later, etc.
If Elon is buying, it can't be completely daft.
Looong term is best. Be an investor, not a day trader. Go for capital gains, not ordinary income tax, so hold the TSLA stock for at least 12 months. It's a roller coaster ride, enjoy. And enjoy the MS. I'm looking forward to delivery of the Model X in 2015 when still plan on having the TSLA stock.
It's up 70% in a few weeks. The P/E on forward earnings, OK, earning PROJECTIONS is a whopping 1100. If this car revolutionizes the world, and super-rapid charging stations become nearly as commonplace as gas stations, then they will make money. They have a unique funding mechanism and they raised enough with the bond offering to cover operations it should seem for some time. But some insiders also sold some shares prior to this run-up in price.
Once the stock went above 90 I put in a stop loss at 79.50, and the stock dipped below that for about 30 seconds on 5/15 and triggered the sale, then immediately went back up to 85+. Ugh! I think I'm going to sit on the sidelines a bit and wait for a dip. Long term I think Tesla will do great. Short term I think it will be very volatile and susceptible to wild swings on way or another.
Three things. Perhaps oversimplified.
If Tesla sold 830 million dollars of their stock, and did something irresponsible, the stock may be in trouble.
Second, if Elon didn't buy 100 million worth, people would probably lose faith. (See Facebook IPO)
Third, if a company goes out of business, invest in their competitors. Fisker just laid off a large portion of their employees, plus they missed their government loan payment.
All of that leads me to believe that this is something to have in your portfolio. A side note, we may want to check out SCTY.
I just sold some of my stock yesterday just to secure at least half of the original investment. I still hold most of the stocks I buyed.
I still kinda believe that when they finally deliver the car in europe it may jump up a bit again. After that I think the stock will calm down again until somewhen next year as in that time Tesla needs to find new buyers and can't 'live' from the reservations. Then it will show how much more effort (advertising) they have to make to sell their car. Also there will be 20,000 cars on the street wich need repairs and/or maintenance and tesla has to proof their up for it. After that the Model X.
Tesla, while looking very promising and my fan heart making happy dances, is still far from 'save' and has a very interesting and difficult time ahead.
I'm a small potatoes investor and have a sell order in for part of my position at $100. This is really just to leverage a few more shares when the pullback occurs. I'm generally a long investor and don't do much of this market timing stuff.
I bought a chunk of Apple around $100 in 2007 before the first iPhone came out. Of course, I'm not that bright I guess, as I didn't unload it last fall and still hold the stock. The dividend on Apple makes it a little more attractive for a long term position but I'm considering dumping it for Tesla.
With my in-laws money I sold for them at $47. They made $17 a share and they are happy(ish). I sold half half my holdings at $93, so if the other half were to go to zero theoretically, I would still be out ahead. I "day-trade" and the only thing I can say is never second guess a win. "oh I should have held" will give you an ulcer or a drinking problem. With Tesla I will always have to be "in" at least a little. Like most of the rest of you I believe "the future is electric".......
Oh, and watching all those shorters get hammered was fun too........
Bought 500 shares at $103 for long term mainly because I believe it's here for the long term..best case scenario it's GM in 1915, perhaps you've read the comparison, worst case appears to be its here to stay but it's stock value could decline. The primary obstacle seems to be the dealerships lobbying to keep tesla out of there given states ...U sing that rational realtors could lobby to keep people from selling there home without a realtor..
It's your decision but I can tell you two of the greatest stock investors ever lived, Peter Lynch and Warrant Buffet, said pretty much the same thing.
1. Buy good companies for long term and buy only companies you know.
2. Never try to time the market. NO ONE can predict the short term variations.
Note I said stock investors not traders. Trading stocks is the same as gamble in the casino. You have at best 50/50 odds but most likely much less.
Buy too late and sell too early.
We need to boycott the Dealers!!!
The only times that I have done better than the market in general have been when I knew something a year or two before the stock market analysts realized what was going on and became comfortable with the stock's upside potential. Once that early insight advantage is gone, it's another story.
I'm still comfortable with recommending TSLA even at 109, not because I can judge 109 valuation but because I don't think most people have a clue yet about Tesla's achievement, and thus its prospects over the next 5 yrs.
With the Model S, Tesla's designers have vastly simplified the basic sedan and SUV/minivan. (See the PDF of a talk of mine at http://WilliamCalvin.org/EV) Other manufacturers of e-cars like Nissan-Honda-Mitsubishi can look at the Model S and know that the game has changed, that there is no future for PHEVs (at least seven models) and for EVs that merely swap the parts under the hood (Tesla Roadster, Nissan LEAF, etc). The Model S dispenses with so many parts (and with them, potential repairs). It is literally THE new platform for bodystyles.
But none of the of the other car makers have announced anything similar in bottom-up simplicity, even as a prototype for 2017. Tesla is already selling batteries and drivetrains to other manufacturers, and that's the way it is going to be for awhile.
Tesla has achieved a first-mover advantage of some years. And in the meanwhile, they are going to cutting into the markets of the other luxury sedans in the Audi-Lexus-Mercedes-etc market, plus all of the clean energy types.
I would like to thank TSLA for my free car. 1480 shares at a cost of 29.00 with a current price of 121 pays for the car plus all service costs and the additional electricity costs for the next 98 years.
Only if you sell.
+1 SamosSam And if you hold onto the stock for another year or so you may also pay for an 'X'
@wcalvin What you said is exactly what Peter Lynch said about how ordinary investors can find good stocks to invest. Find good company with good product in day to day live before Wall Street discovers it. An example he used is how he discovered Gap (a ten-bagger for him) by shopping in the mall. BTW if you don't know who Peter Lynch is his Magellian fund was the best performing mutual fund in history with a record likely will never be exceeded.
I'm not too surprised that a lot of Tesla car owners also bought the stock. I, although not a owner yet but know enough of the car, can't think of a reason our roads will NOT be filled with EVs in another 20~30 years. Tesla has just showed the way. People on average keep their cars for 6 years now. I don't think there are many people who are so stupid that they will not switch to an EV in 5 generations assuming companies like Tesla will produce the kind of cars that fit their segment.
I'm sure most people on this forum agree with all this but it's still a best kept secret for people in their NYC offices. They might have read about the car but they never have a feeling of how great it is. So I also say it's still no too late to buy.
Here's someone talking on YouTube about yesterday's trade day for TSLA, mentioning to expect to rise above 130/share:
The Tesla (TSLA) shorts are being squeezed. Here's your trade.
I hope this of interest to anyone, otherwise I'm sorry. ;)
Did you miss the stock ride. Depends on if Elon re-ups/signs after his current contract expires, giving him incentives till at least 2032. Then EM can take Tesla production to 1 million vehicles plus a year and the stock goes to $3,000 dollars per share. This gives 30 times return on investment in 20 trs more/less.
If not, it's more like $300 + per share in a 3-5 yr time period, then who knows if EM steps down after that.
My grandma always told me this:
"Buy low; sell high."
Does that work? ;)
The trouble is, a lot of people see the stock price fall and then panic and sell. In the case of TSLA, it's always (so far) managed to come up higher than the previous high. If you have faith in the company, the first rule is never to sell lower than the price at which you bought it. And if you're not in a hurry you can wait for it to go up again.
Can't believe that there are original shorts left after the first 114.9 peak. The action since, with the steady uphill trend (122 today), looks like systematic accumulation by funds to me.
I just got in for some more. My original purchase was at $16.something back about a week after the IPO, so buying at nearly $117 feels uncomfortable. I'm a pretty conservative investor, but Tesla seems to have all the i's dotted and t's crossed and the upside potential is just staggering.
I dun have the money to buy anymore....I got in at 28...now I sold off a lot when it was stuck in 90s.
aww well, I think the stock should go up somemore even if US starts their dealer nonsense. There is still Asia/Europe. My contacts in Asia are VERY interested in getting one. Just that right handed Model S are still in production


text:
Top Items:
Exclusive: The Woodward, Sperling emails revealed — POLITICO's "Behind the Curtain" column last night quoted Bob Woodward as saying that a senior White House official has told him in an email he would "regret" questioning White House statements on the origins of sequestration.
Discussion: Washington Monthly, The Atlantic Online, Washington Wire, USA Today, Fox News, Hot Air, Outside the Beltway, Washington Free Beacon, Mediaite, Mother Jones, The Gateway Pundit, Althouse, Booman Tribune, Riehl World News, Le·gal In·sur·rec· tion, Business Insider, Patterico's Pontifications and The Spectacle Blog, more at Mediagazer »
Ed Kilgore / Washington Monthly: Woodward Outfoxes Himself
Conor Friedersdorf / The Atlantic Online: Bob Woodward Has Now Picked the Most and Least Important Fights With a POTUS
David Jackson / USA Today: New sequester battle: Woodward vs. White House
Allahpundit / Hot Air: USA Today reporter: I know more than a few reporters who've gotten White House e-mails like the one Woodward got
Tommy Christopher / Mediaite: Breaking: The White House 'Threatened' Me Too! Can I Please Have Some Attention?
Kevin Drum / Mother Jones: Seriously, WTF is Up With Bob Woodward?
Jim Hoft / The Gateway Pundit: Obama White House Denies Staffer Threatened Journalist Bob Woodward - Emails Released
Ann Althouse / Althouse: The Very Senior White House Person who threatened Bob Woodward was Gene Sperling, economic adviser to the President.
BooMan / Booman Tribune: Watching the Death Throes
William A. Jacobson / Le·gal In·sur·rec· tion: Goal posts moved, threat or not (Update — Lanny Davis discloses threats against him)
Brett LoGiurato / Business Insider: Bob Woodward Doesn't Sound Very Threatened In Newly Released Emails With The White House
Ross Kaminsky / The Spectacle Blog: Woodward Claims White House Threat
Woodward at war — Bob Woodward called a senior White House official last week to tell him that in a piece in that weekend's Washington Post, he was going to question President Barack Obama's account of how sequestration came about - and got a major-league brushback.
Discussion: First Read, Associated Press, The Daily Caller, The Huffington Post, Media Decoder, FishbowlDC, Mediaite, Taylor Marsh, NewsBusters, Right Turn, Investor's Business Daily, The Reaction, No More Mister Nice Blog, BREITBART.COM, Le·gal In·sur·rec· tion, The Week, Business Insider, Betsy's Page, Ed Driscoll, The Mahablog, Gawker, americanthinker.com, Salon, Slate, A plain blog about politics, Balloon Juice and The PJ Tatler, more at Mediagazer »
Susan Davis / Associated Press: Senate poised for dueling votes on 'sequester'
Matt K. Lewis / The Daily Caller: Bob Woodward trolled us (and we got played)
Jason Linkins / The Huffington Post: Bob Woodward, Obama Aide Spar, Causing Confusion Over Definition Of 'Regret'
Daniel E. Slotnik / Media Decoder: The Breakfast Meeting: A Video Campaign Pushes Paper, and Denmark's Unexpected Advocates of Free Speech
Peter Ogburn / FishbowlDC: Politico Manufactures Woodward's War
Taylor Marsh: From Reporter to Economic Activist, Bob Woodward In White House Crosshairs [Email Text]
Tom Blumer / NewsBusters: Woodward Claims 'A Very Senior Person' …
Jennifer Rubin / Right Turn: Obama White House: Prevarication and intimidation
Michael J.W. Stickings / The Reaction: Bob Woodward attacks Obama for "a kind of madness"
David Gerstman / Le·gal In·sur·rec· tion: He might be arrogant and thin-skinned, but he's our arrogant and thin-skinned candidate
Brett LoGiurato / Business Insider: And Now, Even Conservatives Are Turning On Bob Woodward's Claims
Betsy Newmark / Betsy's Page: Cruising the Web — It's the battle of the Titans …
Max Read / Gawker: Woodward All, 'The President's Mean': Watergate Journalist Accuses White House of 'Threat,' Runs to Fox
Thomas Lifson / americanthinker.com: Bob Woodward threatened by White House over sequester reporting
David Weigel / Slate: Bob Woodward Asks Why Obama Won't Become a Dictator and Ignore Budget Control Act
Jonathan Bernstein / A plain blog about politics: Dept. of Phony Reagan/Real Reagan Examples
Doug Galt / Balloon Juice: They don't give a f**k about anybody else
Bryan Preston / The PJ Tatler: Bob Woodward: Obama is Showing 'Madness'
Ben Smith / BuzzFeed:
Economic Official Sperling Warned Woodward — The meaning of the word "regret." — Source: whitehouse.gov — The White House official who Bob Woodward charged had crossed a line by saying he would "regret" printing his version of a set of Washington negotiations was Gene Sperling …
Jed Lewison / Daily Kos: In which the Obama administration threatened to send Bob Woodward to a gulag for thought crimes
Robert Stacy McCain / The Other McCain: Narrative Control: Woodward Gets a Warning from Gene Sperling
Matt Welch / Hit & Run: The Night Planet Liberalism Turned on Bob Woodward
CNN: Bob Woodward on threat from White House staff: "...it makes me very uncomfortable to have the …
Josh Marshall / Talking Points Memo: Inside the Woodward Fainting Couch!
Ed Morrissey / Hot Air: And the WH hatchet man was ...
Scott Johnson / Power Line: The madness of King Gorge
Stephen Kruiser / The PJ Tatler: Lapdog Media Wag Tails In Overdrive To Defend Team Lightbringer Against Woodward
LANNY DAVIS: OBAMA WHITE HOUSE THREATENED WASHINGTON TIMES OVER MY COLUMN — Lanny Davis, who served under President Bill Clinton as special counsel to the White House, told Washington, D.C.'s WMAL this morning that the Obama White House had threatened the Washington Times over his column …
Discussion: The Daily Caller and Rule of Law
Jim Treacher / The Daily Caller: Bob Woodward is now being attacked, by the very people he inspired …
J. Christian Adams / Rule of Law: All the President's Thugs — Hey, Bob, you can't say we didn't warn you.
WMAL EXCLUSIVE: Woodward's Not Alone - Fmr. Clinton Aide Davis Says He Received White House Threat — WASHINGTON — Bob Woodward isn't the only person who's received threats for airing the Obama administration's dirty laundry. It seems anyone is a potential target of the White House these days …
Discussion: The Daily Caller
Brett LoGiurato / Business Insider:
BOB WOODWARD: A 'Very Senior' White House Person Warned Me I'd 'Regret' What I'm Doing — Bob Woodward said this evening on CNN that a "very senior person" at the White House warned him in an email that he would "regret doing this," the same day he has continued to slam President Barack Obama …
Glenn Greenwald / Guardian: Bob Woodward embodies US political culture in a single outburst
Jennifer Rubin / Right Turn: Eight reasons the White House is blowing it
Noah Rothman / Mediaite: Bob Woodward Tears Into Obama With Veiled Nixonian Criticism: 'Madness That I Haven't Seen In A Long Time'
Jim Treacher / The Daily Caller: Bob Woodward says he was threatened by the White House: "You will regret doing this"
Philip Bump / The Atlantic Wire: Bob Woodward Wishes Obama Was More Like His Imaginary George W. Bush
Bryan Preston / The PJ Tatler: They Told Me If I Voted Republican the White House Would Start Threatening Reporters, And They Were Right!
Darleen / protein wisdom: White House threatens Bob Woodward [Darleen Click] UPDATED and so it starts ...
Pamela Geller / Atlas Shrugs: White House Threatens Bob Woodward
Ron Chusid / Liberal Values: Obama Derangement Syndrome Preventing Meaningful Consideration Of Budget Issues
RealClearPolitics Video Log:
Woodward: White House Warned Me "You Will Regret Doing This"
Woodward: White House Warned Me "You Will Regret Doing This"
Discussion: NewsBusters, Weasel Zippers and Connecting.the.Dots
Mark Finkelstein / NewsBusters: Scarborough: Bush White House Threatened Me
ZIP / Weasel Zippers: Woodward Says Top White House Official Threatened Him For Criticizing Obama On Sequester Cuts …
Robert Stein / Connecting.the.Dots: Woodward's Weird War on Obama
Jonathan Easley / The Hill:
Woodward claims White House threatened him
Woodward claims White House threatened him
Discussion: The Heritage Foundation and Club for Growth
Andrew Roth / Club for Growth: White House Threatens Bob Woodward
Bob Woodward says he was threatened by White House
Bob Woodward says he was threatened by White House
Discussion: The Moderate Voice, Guardian, Mediaite and The American Conservative, more at Mediagazer »
Joe Gandelman / The Moderate Voice: Woodward Says White House Threatened Him: Will Appear on Sean Hannity's Fox Show
Meenal Vamburkar / Mediaite: Fox & Friends Hits 'Thin-Skinned' WH Response To Woodward 'Rampage': This 'Changed The Entire Equation'
Woodward at war: POLITICO's "Behind the Curtain"
Woodward at war: POLITICO's "Behind the Curtain"
Discussion: Post Politics and The Raw Story
Aaron Blake / Post Politics: Bob Woodward: White House threatened me
Devin Dwyer / ABCNEWS:
Journalist Bob Woodward Clashes With White House Over Sequester Report
Journalist Bob Woodward Clashes With White House Over Sequester Report
Discussion: Taegan Goddard's …, Vodkapundit and Mediaite
Manu Raju / Politico:
'3 Amigos' make life difficult for Mitch McConnell — Mitch McConnell wanted Republican senators to communicate a consistent and clear message and unite behind a single plan to overhaul the sequester spending cuts. — Then came the "Three Amigos." — Three Republican senators …
Discussion: CNN, Hot Air and Atlas Shrugs
Kevin Bohn / CNN: Major unions launch new ad campaign aimed at Republicans
Erika Johnsen / Hot Air: Inhofe, Toomey: Hey, why don't we give Obama some flexibility on sequestration?
Alexander Bolton / The Hill:
Sequester cuts are here to stay
Sequester cuts are here to stay
Discussion: Firedoglake
DSWright / Firedoglake: Sequester May Not Be Resolved Until April
Jia Lynn Yang / Washington Post:
Senate confirms Lew as Treasury secretary
Senate confirms Lew as Treasury secretary
Discussion: Outside the Beltway, Red Alert Politics, Post Politics and The Plum Line
Doug Mataconis / Outside the Beltway: Senate Confirms Jack Lew As New Treasury Secretary
Natalie Jennings / Post Politics: Jack Lew confirmed as Treasury secretary
Jonathan Bernstein / The Plum Line: Happy Hour Roundup
Washington Post:
Obama to meet with congressional leaders on ways to avoid sequester
Obama to meet with congressional leaders on ways to avoid sequester
Discussion: Post Politics, AL.com, Calculated Risk, The Other McCain and Right Turn
Zachary Goldfarb / Post Politics: The tale of the sequester start time
Alex Walsh / AL.com: Countdown to sequester: we're in the final hours before spending cuts take effect (live blog)
Bill McBride / Calculated Risk: Thursday: Q4 GDP, Unemployment Claims
Wombat Socho / The Other McCain: LIVE AT FIVE: 02.28.13 — TOP NEWS — Obama To Meet …
Jennifer Rubin / Right Turn: 'A kind of madness'
Keith Koffler / Politico:
Republicans need to go negative — What a sad state Republicans are in. Leaderless and rudderless, they flail about, trying to figure out who they are and which of various political Pied Pipers onstage today will lead them from the wilderness. — What they fail to see is that there will …
Discussion: Right Wing News
William Teach / Right Wing News: Do Republicans Need To Go Negative?
Michelle Obama / Wall Street Journal:
The Business Case for Healthier Food Options — In recent years, they have generated more than 70% of the growth in sales for packaged-goods companies. — For years, America's childhood obesity crisis was viewed as an insurmountable problem, one that was too complicated and too entrenched to ever really solve.
Discussion: Washington Examiner, Taylor Marsh and TheBlaze.com
Adam Serwer / Mother Jones:
Supreme Court Poised to Declare Racism Over — Conservative justices on the high court look set to scrap a key part of the Voting Rights Act. — Pop champagne: Racism is over. — "There is an old disease, and that disease is cured," Bert Rein, the attorney leading the legal challenge …
Discussion: AMERICAblog, Business Insider, CNN, The Huffington Post and SCOTUSblog
John Aravosis / AMERICAblog: Is the South more racist than the North?
Angela Rye / The Huffington Post: Ensuring a #VoteReady America: The Importance of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act
Lyle Denniston / SCOTUSblog: Argument recap: Voting law in peril — maybe
Morgan Whitaker / msnbc.com:
Scalia: Renewing Voting Rights Act a 'perpetuation of racial entitlement'
Scalia: Renewing Voting Rights Act a 'perpetuation of racial entitlement'
Discussion: Weasel Zippers, The Daily Caller, Twitchy, Alan Colmes' Liberaland, Addicting Info, The Fix, New York Times and The Week
ZIP / Weasel Zippers: Morbidly Obese Lib Michael Moore Compares Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia To A Member Of The KKK...
Alexis Levinson / The Daily Caller: Michael Moore compares Justice Antonin Scalia to KKK members
Thisistwitchy / Twitchy: Justice Scalia speaks truth about the politics of the Voting Rights Act; Liberals freak out
Deborah Montesano / Addicting Info: Scalia Shocks By Calling Voting Rights Act 'Racial Entitlement' In Court
Adam Liptak / New York Times: Voting Rights Law Draws Skepticism From Justices
Baird Helgeson / Hot Dish Politics:
Gruenhagen: Homosexuality is a 'sexual addiction' — One of the Legislature's most vocal opponents of same-sex marriage says homosexuality is a choice and form of sexual addiction. — "It's an unhealthy, sexual addiction," state Rep. Glenn Gruenhagen said Wednesday.
Discussion: Talking Points Memo, The Raw Story and Addicting Info
David Taintor / Talking Points Memo: Minn. GOP Lawmaker Calls Homosexuality 'An Unhealthy, Sexual Addiction'
David Edwards / The Raw Story: Minnesota Republican rep.: LGBT 'lifestyle' is 'an unhealthy, sexual addiction'
Bill Frezza / Forbes:
Sequester This! President Obama's Colossal Media Blunder — President Obama has gone all-in trying to get Republicans to blink and serve up another round of tax increases in lieu of the looming spending sequester. Eschewing talks with Congress or any pretense of leadership …
Discussion: The Strata-Sphere
Ted Nesi / WPRI-TV:
Poll: 60% OK gay marriage; Taveras tops — Survey finds 94% of voters glum about RI economy — PROVIDENCE, R.I. (WPRI) - More than half of Rhode Island voters support allowing same-sex marriage in the state, while most opponents of the idea say it conflicts with their religious beliefs …
Discussion: Taegan Goddard's … and Post Politics
Aaron Blake / Post Politics: R.I. Gov. Lincoln Chafee has big problems
U.S. to give Syrian rebels medical, food aid, not arms — (Reuters) - The United States will send non-lethal aid directly to Syrian rebels for the first time, Secretary of State John Kerry said on Thursday, disappointing opponents of President Bashar al-Assad who are clamoring for Western weapons.
Discussion: Taylor Marsh, Gawker, The Week and New York Times
Jay Solomon / Wall Street Journal:
Kerry Says U.S. to Provide Food, Medicine to Syrian Fighters
Kerry Says U.S. to Provide Food, Medicine to Syrian Fighters
Discussion: The Jawa Report and The Agonist
Molly Ball / The Atlantic Online:
5 False Assumptions Political Pundits Make All the Time — From voter polarization to campaign ads, a political scientist calls out the mistaken notions commonly perpetuated by election commentators. — If following the 2012 presidential election sometimes made you want to scream at your television …
Discussion: Daily Kos
John Hinderaker / Power Line:
Plutocrat Jack Lew Is Confirmed, But Sessions Embarrasses Democrats — Jack Lew, the plutocrat nominated as Secretary of the Treasury by Barack Obama, was confirmed by the Senate this afternoon on a 71-26 vote. What was notable about the vote was not so much the outcome as the challenge …
Jonathan Easley / The Hill:
Report: Obama to name Edith Ramirez to be next FTC chairman — President Obama will promote Edith Ramirez to the top spot of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), according to a report Thursday. — Ramirez has been an FTC commissioner since April 2010, and was a lawyer before joining the agency.
Jim Acosta / CNN: Source: Obama makes decision on FTC chair
Roll Call:
Republicans Working on Funding Bill — House Republican leaders seem to have averted a potential rift in the conference, garnering wide support for a continuing resolution that will move as soon as next week. — GOP leaders called a Wednesday afternoon meeting to brief members on the strategy for the CR …
Discussion: Politico and First Read
Arkansas gets OK on insurance funds — Arkansas Gov. Mike Beebe's office says the state has received approval from Health and Human Services to take federal Medicaid expansion money and use it to buy private coverage for low-income residents through the state's insurance exchange.
Avik Roy / Forbes: Arkansas and HHS Agree to Expand Coverage with Exchanges, Not Medicaid; 'A Whole New Ballgame'
Roby Brock / Talk Business: Can You Still Call It Medicaid Expansion?
Avik Roy / National Review: Arkansas' Consequential Medicaid Deal
James Pethokoukis / AEIdeas: Did the Obama administration just bail out a bunch of GOP governors on Medicaid expansion?
David Ramsey / Arkansas Blog, Arkansas Times: UPDATE Medicaid game-changer
Aaron Carroll / The Incidental Economist: The HHS waiver for Arkansas is baffling me a bit


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Statement by the NATO Secretary General on the Libyan election results
I congratulate the Libyan people on the announcement of the results of the first election held accross the country in almost half a century. This election marks an impressive step forward in Libya's transition to democracy, after over forty years of dictatorship. I pay tribute to all the candidates and political parties who have contributed to the success of this first free and democratic vote, and to the almost 2 million men and women who exercised their hard-won right to vote.
NATO is proud of the role that we played, together with our partners, in protecting the Libyan people under the mandate of the United Nations Security Council. We look forward to working with Libya's new leaders, including the elected National Congress. NATO stands ready to assist, if requested, in building the modern security and defence institutions that the new Libya needs.


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I found this tooth in a field any ideas of what animal its from?
Unfortunately the pictures are not to clear, I think it is the fragment of a fosslised Shark tooth where were they found
also google fossil Shark teeth images
I found it in aylesbury pretty far from the sea to be honest
I did some research on how a shark tooth would end up so far from the sea and I found that there used to be a royal manor near where I found it and correct me if im wrong but I think royalty used to collect sharks teeth and similar items?
I'm sure your local rock/stone is a Jurrasic Limestone this an acient rock formed 145 million years back from shallow seas The tooth has been eroded from the rock where you found it
Yeah there has been other finds in near areas and they've said the same.
thankyou very much for all your help :) its greatly appreciated


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Browsing Tag cam gigandet
Drama Tweens: 5 STAR DAY Film / DVD Review
By Scott David at January 25, 2012 | 12:15 am | 1 Comments
2 / 5 stars As if we haven't been inundated with enough melodramatic tween films, along comes another from first-time feature writer-director Danny Buday. 5 Star Day is a cliched, unimaginative addition to a genre of movies which seem to focus on young adults in the midst of mid-life crises. About as deep as a greeting card, 5 Star Day is a not-so-cleverly more...
Drama , Featured , New on DVD , Reviews


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I have seen a few posts on how to handle the race day, but am not sure if we have collected best practices in one place (if so, please do correct me and guide me appropriately). The "Big Book" also talks a little about it (e.g., stick to your diet, no need for carb overload etc.) but does not seem to give a full picture either (e.g., expected pace, to run based on HR or pace etc.). As most of you know, I just finished the SF marathon that I trained for exclusively based on LHR running. I am also planning to run the Seattle Marathon (Nov 27), so I thought I would start this thread in the hope that we can collect a list of best practices (esp. for running a marathon; hopefully for other endurance races as well) and perhaps even make it into a sticky post!
So without much further ado, here are some of the things I did for the SF Marathon:
Would be great to hear how others manage this
My opinions here are largely theory as I have limited road marathon experience (PB 1982 4:09, most recent 2006 4:37 - entered on the day with no specific marathon 'training'. But in recent years I have done several marathon length trail events.1. Tapering down: what you did was fine. People with our level of performace and training just need to get to the start on fresh legs.2. Day prior: I'd prefer a short (max 3 miles) 'recovery' run or walk. Also in the days prior I do a form of carb loading; 3 days prior 1 bottle of sports drink, 2 days prior two bottles, day prior 3 bottles. Clearly that's hydration and carbs.3. Before the race: Ideally one bottle of sports drink three hours before the race, no solid food.4. Warmup: I've never bothered.5. a) I've never used anything but a watch to guide my pace; keeping to splits. I like the way you increased your HR through the event. b) I never eat ie solid food. But I rely on sports drink ie carbs + water. Gels + water = carbs + water.6. Cool downs are important after exercise that results in lactate build-up. Important during training, but after a race there is often little opportunity. After a race it is also important to keep moving to aid the circulation to stabilize; blood pressure is raised during exercise and plummets when one stops and sometimes results in a condition known as post-exercise hypotension (one feels feint).7. Building backup. I'd recommend no 'training' for 4 weeks; ie nothing intensive or long. Stay with short and slow. As you have demonstrated, it takes about 4 weeks for the numbers to approach where they were. It's one thing to 'feel' recovered after a few days, but the numbers can tell a different story.
You now have about 12 weeks to prepare for Seattle. All the best.
Your plan is sound. Not unlike my own, though I've experimented.
I like a three week taper, and almost always run less than I plan.
I've yet to do a marathon where I couldn't warmup for twenty minutes (easy, easy, easy)
and get my spot in herd 15 minutes before the race. Seattle wasn't a problem at all (ran it in 2008). Even when I ran Boston, it wasn't a problem.
I don't eat closer than three hours before. If race time is 8:00, I wake up at 4:30, eat, go back to bed.If it was at 5:30am, I would just eat a snack before bed.
I've used GU--first one 40 minutes into the race, then every half hour or so.
Cooldown is generally just moving through the finish line area, walking to the food, and then back to car or hotel. Just try to keep moving for a little bit. I never collapse at the finish line dramatically like most of the winners I see when I watch the Boston Marathon and NYC Marathon on TV. I prefer to finish like Joan Benoit Samuelson at the '84 Olympics. Though I don't exclude the possibility that someday I'll collapse at the finish and die, if so, I will try to do so with some poise.
I take it easy the week after the race, don't run much at all. Lot's of days off. I do a reverse taper eventually.
Then I dream.
Log & Profile Crusted Salt #211


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HOUSTON - You're asking Amy about overcharges at the checkout, and she knows a little something about the subject.
- READ IT: Ask Amy Blog
She just wrapped up a year-long project we've dubbed "Operation Price Check." Investigator Amy Davis explains how much she was overcharged in 12 months, how she got the grocery store to pay for its mistakes and how you can do the same.
It all started when Davis was overcharged at her grocery store several visits in a row, and it ended with a decent little windfall for a deserving Houston charity.
The allure of a sales tag promising a 20-cent savings will work every time on a bargain shopper, but what if none of the shoppers who bite see that 20-cent savings?
It happened to Davis, and after a series of overcharges at her local grocery store, she wondered how much she was losing every year because of pricing errors.
Do you even stop to check your receipt?
"I always watch my receipts," shopper Mary Robinson said.
"I don't usually check it at the store, but I always check it at home," shopper Jennifer Lee said.
"I do look for the discounts," shopper Norina Silva told Davis.
For a full year, Davis checked her receipt every single time a cashier checked her out, and then she called them on every overcharge.
Sometimes she shopped with a hidden camera, and out of a total of 90 trips to the Kroger on 11th Street near Shepherd Drive in the Heights, she was overcharged on 23 trips. That means 25 percent of the time she shopped at the store, she was overcharged. She overpaid a total of $60.99.
"At times, did errors occur? Absolutely," Kroger spokeswoman Rebecca King asked, then answered her own question.
KPRC Local 2 gave Kroger a copy of every receipt with an overcharge so the store could do its own research.
"We feel that a good way, an accurate way to base this study is based on the number of items that you actually purchased," King said. "So the researcher purchased about 1,057 items specifically. We felt that there was a potential for error on about 26 of those items, which is an error rate of about 2 percent."
King said in some cases she thinks Davis may have picked up the wrong item or perhaps a sale sign stayed up long after a sale was over.
"In some cases, it's just really hard to tell," King said.
Still, at the end of the year, instead of getting short-changed, Davis came out ahead, and so did the Houston Food Bank.
"We found $145 that we wanted to donate to the Houston Food Bank," Davis told food bank president Brian Greene.
"Oh, well, thank you very much," said Greene. "How did you find the money?"
Good question. Kroger's "scan right guarantee" promises that if any item you purchase scans incorrectly at the register, you get one of that item for free, up to $25.
For example, Tropicana orange juice was on sale for $2.50. At the register, Davis was charged $2.88. According to Kroger's "scan right guarantee," she gets a refund of not just the 38 cents she was overcharged, but the full price of the product, $2.88.
Our $60.99 in overcharges turned into a refund of $142.61. We rounded up and gave the Houston Food Bank $145.
"This money is very much appreciated," said Greene. "We're going to get a great multiplier out of it and a lot of food is going to go out."
When we told you about "Operation Price Check" in July, a lot of KPRC Local 2 viewers e-mailed Davis and said they have a hard time getting the cashier to honor the store policy and give them a full refund on the entire price of the product.
There is a method. First, we said Davis did all of her shopping for "Operation Price Check" at Kroger, but Randalls also has the same policy that if any item scans incorrectly at the register, the customer gets one of that item for free. The cashiers won't always tell the customer about the refund. Here's how to make sure you get one.
We all know no one likes the customer who holds up the line haggling over 20 cents. Davis has gotten some pretty dirty looks herself. Instead of watching the prices like a hawk at the checkout, take some paper and a pen with you when you shop and write down the price of every item you put in your basket.
After you pay, take your receipt and wheel your cart out of the way, but not out of the store.
You want to make sure the prices on your receipt match the prices you marked on your list. If you find any errors, circle them. Then take the receipt and your purchases to the customer service booth and tell them you want a refund on those items because they scanned incorrectly.
"It sounds like a good policy," said Lee. "They've always been good about changing it at the register. I just wasn't aware you could actually get a free item."
"There are between 70,000 and 120,000 items in every store and with thousands of price changes each week, unintentional errors may occur," said King. "And when you find those, please bring those to our attention and you'll be compensated for them."
Kroger's policy only applies to items without a price tag on the package. The store will not give you a refund for alcohol or tobacco. Randalls' policy applies to everything except alcohol, tobacco and dairy products. We checked with both H-E-B and Walmart, but neither of those stores has a price guarantee policy.
If you have a news tip or question for KPRC Local 2 Investigates, drop them an e-mail or call their tipline at (713) 223-TIPS (8477). Copyright 2011 by Click2Houston.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Posada rises in order against Kazmir
With high mark vs. lefty, catcher bats fifth; Matsui to sixth
By Anthony DiComo / MLB.com
Rather than proceed with his usual lineup, Girardi flipped Jorge Posada into the fifth spot and dropped Hideki Matsui down to sixth, in an effort to better match up against Angels left-hander Scott Kazmir.
"The reason we flip-flopped Jorge and Matsui today is Jorge has had a lot of success off Kazmir," Girardi said. "That is the only reason that we flip-flopped the two of them."
Certainly, the move seems justified. Posada is a .440 hitter off Kazmir in 25 career at-bats, with three doubles and a home run. Matsui, meanwhile, an atypically strong hitter against left-handed pitching, has posted a .179 mark with one home run in 28 at-bats off the Angels lefty.
Tuesday's game marks the first time this postseason that Matsui has not started in the fifth spot of the lineup. Posada has sat out two games already, on the two occasions that A.J. Burnett has pitched.
Despite the minor tweak, however, Girardi made no major changes to his lineup for what should be a critical Game 4. Derek Jeter remained in the leadoff spot, playing shortstop, followed by Johnny Damon in left field, Mark Teixeira at first base, Alex Rodriguez at third base and Posada at catcher.
Matsui batted sixth, before Robinson Cano at second base, Nick Swisher in right field and Melky Cabrera in center.
The fact that Girardi continues to pencil Swisher's name into the lineup is telling, considering the right fielder has gone 2-for-10 with five strikeouts in the ALCS after finishing the AL Division Series 1-for-12 with four strikeouts.
Swisher, known for his selectivity at the plate, has walked just twice all postseason and has been a major reason why the bottom of Girardi's lineup -- one of the league's best on paper -- has struggled to produce over the first two weeks of postseason play.
"We've had some guys that have struggled a little bit in the playoffs," Girardi said. "Swisher is not the only one. Guys are going to struggle during the course of the season. You just don't give up on a guy if he's struggling, because usually the flip side of that is they're due to get hot, so we feel good about Swish today."
Anthony DiComo is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Visually impaired passengers
We're here if you need us
If you're blind or visually impaired, our Special Assistance team and cabin crews are on hand to provide you with any help you need to travel.
If you're travelling alone, we can arrange for you to be escorted through the airport and pre-boarded before other passengers to make things easier.
To let our Special Assistance team know you need a hand, just call them on 0844 412 4455.
Safety information board
All our aircraft carry a safety information booklet, which has generic safety information in large print and on the other side of the booklet the same information is printed in Braille.
Assistance dogs
Your assistance dog will be welcome in the aircraft cabin on most of our routes, as long as the necessary paperwork has been organised and the dog has been cleared by Special Assistance. Find out more about flying with your assistance dog.


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yay for anon comments
Some Day 1 Verizon iPad 2 Orders Still MIA Despite Immediate Payment Withdraw, Overnight Shipping Promises
Hell hath no fury like an Apple fanboy scorned. Verizon is just now starting to feel the rage previously directed at just AT&T. That's what happens when iPad 2 orders fail to ship on time. Fanboys take to the forums and unleash the beast. There's a large thread of complaints over on Verizon's official forum that details most of the transgressions. It seems that more than… Read More


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Discussion in 'General Trek Discussion' started by xvicente, May 15, 2013.
1-Revenge is a dish that is best served cold
Which is not really a Klingon proverb, but is from various Earth sources, notably Les Liaisons Dangereuses. I've never taken Khan's line about it too seriously -- after all, when did he get the chance to learn anything about Klingons?
Another Earth saying that was actually portrayed as a Klingon saying was "Today is a good day to die" -- which has long been attributed to Crazy Horse, but Wikipedia says it's an English bastardization of a Sioux battle cry meaning "I am ready for whatever comes." (The 2006 BBC Robin Hood TV series made it Little John's catchphrase, predating Crazy Horse by about seven centuries.)
A couple of lines from "Day of the Dove" -- "Four thousand throats can be slit in one night by a running man" and "Only a fool fights in a burning house" -- have been alleged to be Klingon proverbs by later works of tie-in fiction, but I don't buy that in the first case. That line was spoken in response to the line "We are forty against four hundred," so the fact that the speaker used the specific number four thousand suggests to me that he was making it up on the spot, or maybe paraphrasing a saying with a less specific number.
2 - Today is a good day to die.
3. Fire!
They say it a lot!
4. Only a fool fights in a burning house.
Yp, the very first one... And that appears to be that, unless one counts the novels. Or opts to treat some of Kor's utterances as proverbs because, you know, anything a wise old man says must be zen. Especially if it includes a lot of belching.
Then again, so is everything else about Klingons. Or Star Trek in general. Hell, "Live long and prosper!" is an authentic Finnish greeting well preceding TOS... And no doubt an authentic greeting in about two thousand other human cultures past and present as well.
Timo Saloniemi
Not really a proverb, and not really canon.
But the John Ford Klingons had this...
… And though I had slain a thousand foes less one,
The thousandth knife had found my liver;
The thousandth enemy said to me
"Now you shall die, and none shall know."
And the fool looking down believed this,
Not seeing, above his shoulder,
the naked stars,
Each one remembering.
Always eat your gagh before it dies.
Never count your targs before they fight.
"Don't catch any bugs!"
"Don't make me kick your ass."
When courting a Klingon woman. Always remember to duck. And know a good doctor.
Four thousand throats may be cut in one night by a running man.
On the Enterprise before Kirk banished him?
In my novelization of "The Best of Both Worlds," I gave Worf a line, "Kahless himself said that a clear mind is the greatest ally a warrior has."
Yeah, didn't Khan spend some quality alone-time with the ship's library? I seem to recall a line or two about that.
Not really a proverb but one of my favorite Klingon lines....
"If Klingon food is too strong for you, perhaps we can get one of the females to breast-feed you." - Klag
"They are inquisitive. They wonder how you would endure."
"Endure what?"
. . .
"One, or both?"
- Riker
He also spent some quality time alone with the ship's historian. At least, until the planet he was on got screwed.
Awwwwwww yeah.
and he spent his time with a classic Star Trek Babe® discussing klingon proverbs? "superior intelligence", come on!
Separate names with a comma.


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GirlsGoGames is a excellent collection of the latest and most popular games on the first Games For Girls site in the world. Including Makeover Games, Dress Up Games, Princess Games, Nail Games, Cooking Games and more. This page is designed to give you an idea about every kind of girls games. So click on the categories given on the left to find more and more about your favourite games.
Play with your friends and try out new styles together with Make Up Games and Dress Up games, or play a Puzzle Games and compete for high scores. Girls Go Games has the best selection of games for girls that you will find anywhere on the web. Some teach new skills with games like Cooking Games, Room Decoration Games, or Music Games. Some are just for fun like the celebrity games and Doll Maker Games Popular categories like Princess Games and Wedding Games let you unleash your incredible imagination. You'll never be bored because you can always find brand new free girl games at GirlsGoGamesCom.com.


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Summaries of EU Legislation
Summaries of EU legislation: direct access to the main summaries page.
- Archived: true
National regional investment aid
This Regulation lays down the conditions for exemption from the notification to the Commission of aid awarded under regional investment aid schemes, which are compatible with the internal market.
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1628/2006 of 24 October 2006 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the Treaty to national regional investment aid.
This regulation regards transparent regional investment aid schemes *, which constitute State aid within the meaning of Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty and are compatible with the internal marketwithin the meaning of Article 87(3) of the EC Treaty. It lays down the conditions for exemption from the notification of aid awarded under these schemes by the Member States (notification requirement of Article 88(3) of the EC Treaty).
Conditions for exemption
Aid for initial investment is compatible with the common market provided that:
- it is granted in regions eligible for regional aid, as determined in the regional aid map for the Member State concerned for the period 2007-2013;
- the aid intensity in present gross grant equivalent does not exceed the regional aid ceiling which is in force, as determined in the regional aid map for the Member State concerned for the period 2007-2013.
The following are compatible with the internal market and are not subject to prior notification to the Commission:
- transparent regional investment aid schemes *which constitute State aid within the meaning of Article 87(1) of the Treaty and meet the conditions laid down in this Regulation;
- individual aid that is not awarded on the basis of an aid scheme ('ad hoc' aid) which does not exceed 50 % of the total aid to be granted for the investment.
This Regulation does not apply to:
- the fisheries and aquaculture sector;
- the shipbuilding sector;
- the coal industry;
- the steel industry;
- the synthetic fibres sector;
- the production of agricultural productslisted in Annex I to the EC Treaty;
- aid for activities related to export towards third countries or Member States;
- aid contingent upon the use of domestic over imported goods.
Notification requirement
Aid which is not exempted from notification under this Regulation remains subject to prior notification to the Commission. This includes among others:
- non transparent aid;
- operating aid;
- regional schemes targeting specific sectors of economic activity within manufacturing or services;
- regional aid awarded for large investment projects on the basis of existing aid schemes (if the total amount of aid from all sources exceeds 75 % of the maximum amount of aid an investment with eligible expenditure of EUR 100 million could receive, applying the standard aid ceiling in force for large undertakings in the regional aid map on the date the aid is to be granted).
Key terms in the Act
- Transparent regional investment aid schemes: regional investment aid schemes in which it is possible to calculate precisely the gross grant equivalent as a percentage of eligible expenditure ex ante without the need to undertake a risk assessment (for example, schemes which use grants, interest rate subsidies, or capped fiscal measures). Schemes which use public loans are considered as transparent regional investment aid schemes if they are backed by normal security and do not involve abnormal risk, and are therefore not considered to contain a State guarantee element.
- Initial investment: an investment in tangible and intangible assets relating to the setting-up of a new establishment, the extension of an existing establishment, diversification of the output of an establishment into new additional products, a fundamental change in the overall production process of an existing establishment or the acquisition of the capital assets directly linked to an establishment, where the establishment has closed or would have closed had it not been purchased, and the assets are bought by an independent investor.
Entry into force – Expiry date
Deadline for transposition in the Member States
Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 1628/2006
1.1.2007 – 31.12.2013
Regional state aid guidelines for 2007-2013 [Official Journal C 54, 4.03.2006, p.13]. In order to support the economic development of the most disadvantaged European regions during the period 2007-2013, these guidelinesset out the criteria for examining the compatibility of national regional aid with the internal market pursuant to Article 87 (3)(a) and (c) of the EC Treaty.
Commission Regulation (EC) No 70/2001 of 12 January 2001 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to State aid to small and medium-sized enterprises [Official Journal L 10, 13.01.2001]. In the context of Regulation (EC) No 994/98, State aid to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is the subject of this Regulation. It contains provisions regarding the exemption of SMEs granted state aid from the obligation of prior notification to the Commission.
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1976/2006 of 20 December 2006 amending Regulations (EC) No 2204/2002, (EC) No 70/2001 and (EC) No 68/2001 as regards the extension of the periods of application [Official Journal L 368, 23.12.2006].
Council Regulation (EC) No 994/98 of 7 May 1998 on the application of Articles 87 (former Article 92) and 88 (former Article 93) of the Treaty establishing the European Community to certain categories of horizontal State aid [Official Journal L 142, 14.5.1998]. This Regulation on the application of Articles 87 and 88 empowers the Commission to declare certain categories of horizontal State aid compatible with the internal market. These categories of State aid, such as aid granted to small and medium-sized enterprises, are not subject to the notification requirement of Article 88(3) of the EC Treaty.
Last updated: 28.08.2007


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The Cyclones set the tone for the evening with a 13-1 win in five innings during the first game.
"No matter who you're playing, you need to play like it's the last game you'll ever play," Russellville head coach Matt Long said. He played down the Cyclones' dominating performance. For him, it was just another game.
Russellville went up 3-0 in the bottom of the second inning after Jordan Barnes scored a run in the first. After being walked, Mitch Mullen stole second and was pushed to third when the Hall pitcher walked Cody Underhill. Andy Campbell's single drove Mullen across the plate and on the next play Mark Moyer's single put Barnes home to make it 3-0.
Cyclones pitcher Tyler Allen walked one, struck out one and allowed one hit in the bottom of the second, but the Russellville defense responded at second base to close out the inning with Little Rock Hall remaining scoreless.
In the bottom of third, Russellville dismantled the Warriors. By the time Little Rock managed three outs, their pitcher had walked six, beaned two and the outfield had two fielding errors at critical moments. When the Warriors finally got the third out at home plate, the Cyclones had added nine runs for a 12-0 lead.
Russellville allowed one run in the top of the fourth, but made it worth it with a double play between second and first. One batter later and the Cyclones were back on the offensive.
Mullen's single scored Jacob Boles in the forth to set the final score at 13-1. Allen pitched six strikeouts in three innings and allowed no hits.
"Tyler has been throwing the ball really well for us." Long said. "He's becoming a important part of our pitching staff."
In fact, Long was pleased with his entire pitching staff, not just Allen. Barker walked one in one inning, but allowed now hits, while Garrett Freeman stuck out one in the final inning.
"I'm so happy every day we have five or six pitchers we can rely on," Long said.
The Cyclones will continue conference play at Fort Smith Southside today at 1 p.m.
Lady Cyclones embarrass Hall
RHS sophomore pitcher Andrea Kindrick pitched two perfect games and struck out 18 during the Lady Cyclones' doubleheader against the Little Rock Hall Lady.
Russellville thundered past the Warriors 16-0 in game one and 17-0 in game two. The Lady Cyclones scored 16 in their first game on only four hits.
"We did not field the ball defensively," Russellville head coach Harley Sisson said after the game. "And she's coming off an injury."
Kindrick had a thrree-RBI double in the first game, while Shelby Thompson had a two-run single.
In the second game, Kayla Sisco had a three-RBI double. Victoria Teague had a two-RBI single and Brooks Laffoon had a two-RBI double.
"The most impressive thing to me was my pitcher," Sisson said. "She pitched two perfect games. She got 18 outs by herself."