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Young troops 'at greater PTSD risk'
Young soldiers from disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to suffer from mental health problems, a new report claims.
The report, published today by human rights group ForcesWatch, found that younger recruits are significantly more likely than older personnel to suffer post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); to drink at levels harmful to health; and to behave violently on their return from war.
And it said that young recruits from disadvantaged backgrounds are at greatest risk.
The report, The Last Ambush? Aspects of mental health in the British armed forces, calls for the minimum age of recruitment to be raised to 18 to avoid exposing the youngest soldiers to the most trauma.
The report claims to draw on more than 150 sources, including 41 studies investigating the prevalence and risk of six mental health-related problems in the British armed forces such as PTSD, mental disorders such as types of anxiety and depression, harmful drinking, post-deployment violence, self-harm, and suicide.
It said that 8% of Iraq war veterans who enlisted without GCSEs or the Scottish equivalent suffered with PTSD after their deployment, compared with 4% in the armed forces as a whole and 3% in the general population.
According to the report, 26% of personnel aged 18-24 were found to be drinking at harmful levels - which it said was twice the 13% average for the armed forces and more than three times the 8% rate found among civilians of similar age.
It also found that 24% of Iraq war veterans in the lowest ranks - typically the youngest - reported behaving violently in the weeks after coming home. T his compared to an average of 13% across the armed forces.
As a group, younger solders from a dverse childhood backgrounds are more vulnerable to war stress and are also over-represented in frontline infantry roles, where they are most likely to be exposed to traumatic experiences, the report claims.
It says that recruits who enlist at 16 or 17, who are deployable to war as soon as they turn 18, are channelled disproportionately into the infantry, and that in the last five years the infantry received nearly a third (32%) of all new recruits under 18, despite accounting for just 14% of the armed forces.
According to the report, those who enlist as adults and have stronger qualifications join a wider range of roles, so are less exposed to traumatic stress.
Its authors are calling for the minimum age of recruitment by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) to be raised to 18, claiming that the UK is the only state in the European Union to recruit from age 16 and one of only 19 worldwide, with most state armed forces now recruiting only adults.
Author David Gee said: "When it comes to the trauma of warfare, recruits from the poorest backgrounds face a 'perfect storm' of pre-existing vulnerability and greater battlefield exposure.
"Recruiting 16-year-olds into the infantry puts the most vulnerable group in roles most exposed to trauma when they turn 18 and are sent to war."
The report claims that over the past 20 years, the suicide rate has been 82% higher among male soldiers under 20 than in civilian men of the same age, and that between 1996 and 2005 the suicide rate among former armed forces personnel under 20 was nearly three times as high as the same age group in the general population.
It also said that the rate of violent offending among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans after their deployment was twice what it was before they enlisted, and added that the true prevalence of mental health problems in the armed forces was likely to be higher than the figures suggest because of stigma associated with reporting problems.
But an MoD spokesman said : "This report completely ignores the benefits and opportunities that a military career offers young people.
"It provides them challenging and constructive education, training and employment, equipping them with valuable and transferable skills for life.
"It is also important to put these figures in context as independent research shows the rates of PTSD are similar to rates in the civilian population and the rates of suicide are actually lower.
"However, we take this issue extremely seriously which is precisely why this Government has committed £7.4 million to improving services and why we are working to reduce the stigma of mental illness through a number of initiatives and campaigns.
"We continue to actively recruit across all age groups and as part of our duty of care to our recruits no young person under the age of 18 years may join our armed forces without the formal written consent of their parent or guardian."
The MoD said independent research from Kings Centre for Military Health in 2010 reported a 4% rate of PTSD within the armed forces, in line with the civilian population which showed a range of 3%-7% of PTSD in the general population.
And it said there had been a clear downward trend in suicide and underdetermined death rates in the armed forces over the last 28 years.
It said there are no plans to revisit the Government's recruitment policy for under-18s and said its policies on under-18s in service comply with national and international law.


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Rose quartz is a type of quartz which exhibits a pale pink to rose red hue. The color is usually considered as due to trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese, in the massive material. Some rose quartz contains microscopic rutile needles which produces an asterism in transmitted light. Recent X-ray diffraction studies suggest that the color is due to thin microscopic fibers of possibly dumortierite within the massive quartz.
Rose Quartz is the stone of unconditional love. One of the most important stones for Heart Chakra work, Rose Quartz opens the heart to all types of love - love of self, love of family, love of friends, romantic love. Because it is a type of quartz, Rose Quartz does have a high energy, but its vibe is also calming and soothing.
Now you can buy your own Rose Quartz Tiles today at Madagascar Minerals.

subset: commoncrawl


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SNOW HILL — Worcester County will once again promote from within to replace a retiring department head.
Teresa Owens, emergency services director for Worcester, will be retiring next month after 35 years with the county. Upon her departure, Emergency Services Assistant Director Fred Webster will step in.
Owens has been with Worcester County Emergency Services (WCES) since 1978, becoming director 18 years later when the County Commission promoted her to the top spot in 1996. During her tenure, Owens has served as the county's emergency management director and on the Emergency Number Systems Board (ENSB) and the Governor's Emergency Management Advisory Council (GEMAC), both governor-appointed state board positions.
As WCES director, Owens leads the 911 Communications Center and the Information Technology Division while coordinating disaster planning, response and recovery, and any other emergency fields.
Commission President Bud Church commended Owens this week on her quick-footedness during emergencies and ability to immediately adapt no matter the disaster.
"That's a very tough department and a huge amount of responsibility. You can go from a very quiet day to a hurricane when everything is cracking and everything you do is scrutinized," he said. "You never know what's going to be needed and she had handled all of it as a true professional."
One of the high marks of Owens career was WCES' designation as one of only 17 jurisdictions in the nation charged with developing an "interoperability network." That network makes it possible for emergency responders from different agencies to stay in communication while managing emergencies.
Owens is also the current project manager for the Maryland Eastern Shore Interoperability Network while also managing the State Homeland Security Grant Programs.
"She's going to be missed but she's earned a right and the privilege to enjoy her retirement," said Church. "I think she deserves that; she's gone far and above with 35 years of service to the county … She is leaving us in good hands with Fred. Fred knows all of the ins and outs of being the emergency services department head."
Webster will be ascending to Owens' position after her retirement becomes effective in late June. While he doesn't have as many years with the county as Owens, Webster will be bringing in many years of varied experience.


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This study is provided by ICPSR. ICPSR provides leadership and training in data access, curation, and methods of analysis for a diverse and expanding social science research community.
Attitudinal Distance in Southeast Asia, 1970-1971 (ICPSR 5012)
Principal Investigator(s): Howell, Llewellyn
This study contains data on 2,238 university students in Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia and their attitudes towards certain nationals and ethnic groups in the period 1970-1971. Respondents were asked questions in their native language about their attitudes towards certain groups in order to determine their social and international alienation from these groups. Demographic variables provide information on age, sex, nationality, ethnicity, religion, languages spoken, and occupation.
Access Notes
Data in this collection are available only to users at ICPSR member institutions. Please log in so we can determine if you are with a member institution and have access to these data files.
ASCII + SAS Setup SPSS Setup
Study Description
Howell, Llewellyn. ATTITUDINAL DISTANCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, 1970-1971. ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor], 1999. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR05012.v1
Persistent URL: https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR05012.v1
Export Citation:
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Scope of Study
Subject Terms: college students, ethnicity, national identity, social attitudes, social distance
Geographic Coverage: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Southeast Asia, Thailand, Global
- 1970--1971
- 1970--1971
The data map is provided as an ASCII text file, and the codebook is provided by ICPSR as a Portable Document Format (PDF) file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader is provided on the ICPSR Web site.
Sample: A total of 2,238 randomly selected university students in Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia in the period 1970-1971.
personal interviews and self-enumerated questionnaires
Extent of Processing: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:
- Standardized missing values.
Original ICPSR Release: 1984-03-18
Related Publications
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When i saw the movie I thought the eye colors where spot one perfect *emphasizes perfection* I loved their orangey glow and I thought they played James, Victoria's and Laurent's crimson irises really well. Well Kudos to Summit for that! One part that I thought was iffy, was at the end when Bella was flashing back to the dance studio and her life with edward, they showed a flash of his angry black eyed look, and you could totally see the contact!
Ah well, I am too critical


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Chris Sale: An All-Star Starter in the Making?
There was a lot to like last night in the 4-2 Sox victory over the Tribe.
First and foremost, Chris Sale's first major league start couldn't have gone smoother. He was masterful, giving us hope that an All-Star starter is in the making. Granted, it was only his maiden start, but he has shown enough in a relief role to believe he is the real deal.
Another positive was the performance of Alejandro De Aza, who we need to live up to expectations. He led off the game with a homer and pounded out another hit. He needs to keep it going.
Hector Santiago recorded his second save, though he did give up a leadoff homer in the ninth. The good news it was a solo job and he calmed down enough to strike out two batters in the inning.
For the record, I'm ignoring the one big negative–Alex Rios's dropped a "can of corn" fly ball that could have been disastrous if Addison Reed didn't get the Sox out of the inning. Of all the mysteries on this year's squad, Rios is probably the most perplexing on multiple levels.


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On News 88.9 KNPR
On Classical 89.7
1289 S. Torrey Pines Dr.
Las Vegas, NV 89146
Main Number: 1-702-258-9895
Toll Free: 1-888-258-9895
an member station
Kirk Bloodsworth was an oysterman on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in the 1980s. He was arrested and charged with the rape and murder of a girl even though he did not match the description of the suspect. Still he was convicted on the evidence of five eye witnesses. His languished in prison for eight years until he was able to persuade the courts to allow the evidence in his case to be tested for DNA. Those tests proved he had nothing to do with the crime and he now works to ensure DNA testing is used to confirm the guilt of those convicted.
Kirk Bloodsworth, Rocky Mountain Innocence Center


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McCoy leaves game with right hamstring strain
By Jason Beck and Matt Slovin / MLB.com
DETROIT -- Tigers lefty reliever Pat McCoy left Saturday's 7-2 loss to the Rays in the ninth inning with a strained hamstring after racing Tampa Bay's Ben Zobrist to first base on an infield hit.
After the play at first, McCoy returned to the mound and threw a warmup pitch but came off the field with Detroit trainer Kevin Rand immediately after.
"We'll have to figure out what we're going to do in terms of what his status is going to be," Tigers manager Brad Ausmus said. "I haven't talked to [Detroit general manager Dave Dombrowski] about it yet, but we'll make that decision here in a little bit."
According to Ausmus, McCoy felt the injury on his second step on his way to first base to try and get Zobrist. Blaine Hardy, another lefty, replaced McCoy on the mound.
Since making his Major League debut on June 22, McCoy has appeared in five games for Detroit. He holds a 1.80 ERA, having allowed just one run.
McCoy was called up from Triple-A to take the roster spot that opened when lefty Ian Krol went to the disabled list with shoulder inflammation. Krol pitched a successful inning in a rehab assignment Friday night.
Verlander: A's made Cubs deal with Tigers in mind
DETROIT -- The Oakland Athletics left town on Wednesday having been swept out of Comerica Park. The Tigers were busy with the Rays when the A's made their move for Jeff Samardzija and Jason Hammel, acquiring the pitchers in a deal with the Cubs.
When Justin Verlander heard about the trade later Friday night, he felt the target on their backs. It wasn't so much about this week, but the last two Octobers.
"I found it very interesting," Verlander said Saturday. "Really, when I saw that trade, I thought that they made that trade for us. No doubt about it in my mind. If they want to win a World Series, they're envisioning that they have to go through us, and even though it's been two fantastic series, it's been heartbreaking for them the last two years."
The Tigers and A's have met in the American League Division Series the last two years, with both series going to a winner-take-all Game 5. Both times, Verlander broke Bay Area hearts with dominant performances -- a complete-game four-hitter with 11 strikeouts in 2012, then eight shutout innings with 10 strikeouts last year. Neither A's counterpart -- Jarrod Parker two years ago, then rookie Sonny Gray last year -- delivered a quality start in return.
Oakland has scored one run on Verlander in 31 postseason innings the last two years. With Max Scherzer and Anibal Sanchez, Verlander said, they have others capable of doing the same.
Regardless of the matchups, Verlander said, it's the concept.
"When you have a team like ours, somebody's going to go out there and dominate," Verlander said. "And it just happens the last couple years [against Oakland in Game 5], it's been me. And I think they felt like they needed that person. Star power in the playoffs goes a long way. Power pitching in the playoffs goes a long way."
If the regular season ended today, the Tigers and A's would have to advance to the AL Championship Series to meet again. Oakland owns baseball's best record, and would meet the Wild Card winner in a Division Series, while the Tigers would match up with the winner of the AL East, a race the Orioles now lead after the A's beat the Blue Jays on Friday night.
While the A's have won the AL West the last two years despite roster turnover, and reached the postseason seven times since 2000, their lone playoff series win came in '06. They swept the Twins in the Division Series that year, only to lose to the Tigers in the ALCS.
"I think a lot of factors had to do with why they did it," Verlander said later. "Obviously October's the main one, not necessarily us but October in general."
That said, the Tigers have won the AL Central each of the last three seasons, and have reached the postseason four times since 2006. Each time, they've won at least one series, reaching the World Series twice. Each year, their strength has been dominant starting pitching, the kind the A's just added.
Continued soreness keeps V-Mart out of lineup
DETROIT -- Victor Martinez was held out of the Tigers' lineup for the fourth time in six games Saturday as he continues to recover from soreness in his left side.
Manager Brad Ausmus removed Martinez from Friday night's game against Tampa Bay after he was bothered in his last at-bat by the soreness that kept him out of the Oakland series earlier in the week.
"If push comes to shove, we could probably keep him down all the way through the All-Star break," Ausmus said before Saturday's game. "But right now, we're just going to see how he feels every day."
Martinez hadn't missed a game this season before the week began.
Ausmus added that Martinez's injury should have no bearing on his status as an All-Star.
"He should make the All-Star team," Ausmus said. "I hope he does make the All-Star team. Obviously, if he's not healthy, it's a different story. He still deserves to be an All-Star, whether he's physically able to play in the All-Star Game, or not."
Martinez is leading the Tigers with a .328 batting average and 21 home runs.
Jason Beck is a reporter for MLB.com. Read Beck's Blog and follow him on Twitter @beckjason. Matt Slovin is an associate reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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SNOW HILL – One of three Baltimore teens arrested in August on armed robbery, assault and other serious charges stemming from an incident in mid-July when they bound and gagged a man and threatened to kill him in an Ocean City motel room during an apparent drug deal gone bad pleaded guilty this week to an amended charge of conspiracy to commit robbery and was sentenced to eight years in jail.
Marcus Antonio Lennon, 18, of Baltimore, appeared in Worcester County Circuit Court on Wednesday to face a wide variety of serious charges including armed robbery, first-degree assault and false imprisonment for an incident dating back to July 15, 2008.
Ocean City police responded to a room at the Dunes Motel for a reported armed robbery and serious assault that had taken place. When they arrived on the scene, the officers found an adult male victim with several serious injuries.
The victim told police he met several individuals on the Boardwalk earlier in the evening and agreed to meet them later at his motel room. Some time later in the evening, the victim got a telephone call from one of the individuals instructing him to come down and meet them in the parking lot. Once in the motel room, two other suspects arrived and at that point, the three men attacked the victim and bound and gagged him. The victim told police the three men continued to beat him as they ransacked the room looking for money and valuables. At one point, one of the men smashed a beer bottle over the victim's head.
After the suspects left the room, the victim was able to free himself and contact the police. The victim later told police he met the three individuals earlier in the evening in downtown Ocean City to negotiate an illegal drug transaction. The victim further told police he believed the three men had come to his motel room to complete the transaction.
Throughout the end of July and into the first week of August, OCPD detectives investigating the case traveled several times to Baltimore. OCPD detectives were able to identify the three suspects involved in the July 15 incident in an Ocean City motel room including Lennon; Justin Martin Butler, 17, of Baltimore and Angelo Dante Moore, Jr., also of Baltimore.
Butler was scheduled to appear in Circuit Court for his trial yesterday, the outcome of which was not known as of press time. Meanwhile, Moore was initially charged as an adult because of the severity of the charges, but his case was remanded to the Department of Juvenile Services following a hearing in December.


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Of the three "noble" metals, platinum is the most valuable because of its rarity and purity. It also has many other desirable qualities for jewelry making, notably enduring elegance. Platinum is soft, ductile and easily worked, yet strong and durable, making it an excellent metal for gem settings. Platinum prongs show little wear, providing great protection for precious stones. Furthermore, platinum's rich white luster beautifully sets off diamonds, and its neutral color enhances any gemstone's brilliance and depth.
Ancient Egyptians were the first to recognize the beauty and endurance of platinum. In fact, one high priestess commissioned an artisan to carve hieroglyphics in platinum on her casket - designs that are perfectly intact today, 2500 years later! King Louis XVI of France favored platinum jewelry during his reign in the late 1700s. Some of the world's most famous diamonds have been set in platinum, including the Hope Diamond.
Platinum use peaked in the U.S. in the early part of the century, but after 1940, during World War II, the government banned its use for all non-military purposes, including jewelry. To accommodate consumers' preference for its white luster, white gold took its place during the embargo. However, once restrictions on platinum ended, it did not regain its previous popularity, until recently. Today, platinum is once again in style as the modern millennium metal, particularly in bridal and high-end fashion jewelry.
Supplies of platinum remain scarce, which contributes to its higher cost. In terms of rarity, consider that 10 tons of ore must be mined to produce a single ounce of platinum. In contrast, it takes three tons of ore to extract one ounce of gold. The main suppliers today are Russia and South Africa, with Canada, Columbia and the U.S. producing smaller amounts.
In the U.S., platinum is used in near pure form for jewelry because of its strength. Strict laws maintain a very high level of quality for platinum and platinum alloys. It is alloyed only with "sister" metals such as iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium, and by law, unsoldered platinum articles may contain no more than 1.5% base metal content. Platinum jewelry stamped "IRIDPLAT" contains 90% platinum and 10% iridium. A piece marked "PLAT" must contain at least 95% pure platinum.


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Global Health Team #NIC6218GH9
COUNTRY: Nicaragua
ARRIVAL: June 2, 2018
DEPARTURE: June 10, 2018
DURATION: 9 Days
ARRIVAL CITY: Managua
DEPARTURE CITY: Managua
Just 4 more volunteers to make this trip a 'go'!
Global Health Teams
ISL's global health teams are interdisciplinary and able to provide a variety of general medicine, nursing, pharmacy, public health, healthcare management, and nutrition services in developing communities. From urban centers to small towns and villages in remote areas, our teams work in various settings to provide field clinics in which patient needs are assessed and acute conditions are treated.
Regardless of background, volunteers are able to receive an invaluable opportunity to not only interactively observe health professionals in action, but to actively assist with important aspects of health care under careful supervision. Our holistic approach makes ISL's global health teams ideal for students of the health professions at all education levels.
The largest, most sparsely populated, and least visited of the Central American nations, Nicaragua borders Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. With the added bonus of the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west, Nicaragua offers a diverse landscape full of lush vegetation and wildlife, largely unspoiled by development.
Known as the "Land of Lakes and Volcanoes," Nicaragua's volcanic chain is one of the most impressive in Central America due to the beauty of the more than 50 cones, 7 of which are active. Nicaragua's Pacific Coast is blessed with miles of pristine undeveloped coastline. The people of Nicaragua are known for having huge smiles and being very welcoming and genuinely friendly.
Second only to Haiti, Nicaragua is one of the poorest nations in Latin America. Our ISL volunteers provide various services to developing communities, based on local need at the time of the trip.
What ISL Provides
ISL Provides 24-hour accompaniment by professional, bilingual staff, airport pickup/drop off, all ground transportation, all lodging, two meals per day (all meals on All Inclusive programs), drinking water, instruction by licensed medical professionals, project medications and supplies, tours and basic recreation.
What to Bring
All volunteers will need a stethoscope, blood pressure cuff, otoscope, scrubs, donations of medications and medical supplies (optional), and *funds sufficient to cover one meal per day, premium recreation, personal spending, and departure tax.
*All Inclusive programs include all meals and recreation, so bring funds only to cover personal spending and departure tax.
Meet the Staff
Dr. Norman PerezMedical Educator
Dr. Perez is a pediatric physician and surgeon living in Masaya. He has been working with ISL since 2012.
Dr. Paola Natacha FerreiraMedical Educator
Dr. Ferreira is a pediatric surgeon living in Managua. She is a really passionate professional for children and loves being able to share her knowledge with the volunteers. She has been involved with ISL since 2012.
Dr. Orlando RennerMedical Educator
Dr. Renner is a general surgeon with a specialty in pathology based out of the military hospital in Managua. He has been working with ISL in his free time since 2011.
Dr. Maria Carolina SotoDental Educator
Dr. Soto has her own private dental practice, lives in managua and loves to teach to students. She has a Master Degree in Teaching from Holland and has been an amazing resource for ISL volunteers.
Ivette PalaciosAdministrative Assistant
Ivette takes care of ISL finances in Nicaragua and oversees pharmacy and medical inventories. She has been with ISL since 2003.
Karla MatusTeam Leader
Karla is a native of Nicaragua who loves to translate Spanish for her ISL teams. She also enjoys teaching other ladies how to make jewelry and other handcrafts. A hard working single mom, she has been working with ISL since 2011.
Nilda NavarreteTeam Leader
Nilda is a native Nicaraguan who has a teaching degree in English as a Second Language. She is single and loves to travel, translate, and share her love of Nicaraguan culture with ISL teams. Her hobby is dancing. She has been working with ISL since 2007.
Omar Gradis
Omar is an outgoing native Nicaraguan who loves making new friends, traveling, and talking about sports. He is passionate about serving the poor in his country. Omar has been working with ISL since 2008 and is married with 4 children.
Massiel Alejandra AcetunoTeam Leader
Masseil is a native Nicaraguan who is single and completing her education in tourism. She loves to practice her English with ISL volunteers and share her knowledge of the people and customs of Nicaragua. She has been working with ISL since 2012.
Pavel GuevaraCountry Coordinator
Pavel has been with ISL since 2003. He is a native of Nicaragua and has traveled to several countries around the world, always looking for new ways to help his fellow country men women and children. ISL provides that opportunity for him.
Jairo RivasTeam Leader
Jairo is a retired English teacher from Managua. His energy and enthusiasm are contagious and he loves working with ISL volunteers. He has been leading teams since 2012. His favorite sport is soccer, and he loves to travel. He is married with 5 children.
Activity Information
All volunteers will need a stethoscope, blood pressure cuff, otoscope, scrubs, donations of medications and medical supplies (optional), and *funds sufficient to cover one meal per day, premium recreation, personal spending, and departure tax.
*All Inclusive programs include all meals and recreation, so bring funds only to cover personal spending and departure tax.


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Changes You'd Like To See in the Subaru Forester
Lower CG will give it a better rollover score, it's all about the scores.
kavoom Posts: 181I think suby's are or were the only "suv" (intentional small case to pre-empt that argument hopefully) that did/does NOT require the rollover sticker right in front of your face presently. I can't be sure about the Tribeca though...
These "rollover" "lower center of gravity" arguments would be great for other vehicles, but that has always been one of Suby's best features...
Do the others in the classes against the Forester and Outback have rollover stickers? Not sure though.
Heck I'm not even sure my Armada has that sticker in it, I'll have to check it next time I'm in it.
I seem to recall that they use a rather simplistic mathematical equation to determine the CG and accompanying rollover score. Something like they don't actually determine the CG but just estimate it based on HT/WT/Ground Clerance/etc. Thus it doesn't take into account the boxer engine's lower CG nor would it care what type of suspension was used.
I'm sure if I'm wrong someone will set me straight
rsholland Posts: 19,788No, I think you're correct Frank.
tazereli Posts: 241Great, now Frank gets that huge ego boost hes always wanted with that double confirmation. LOL.
tidester Posts: 10,059Sorry about that! One of our servers seems to have hiccuped.
tidester, host
SUVs and Smart Shopper
wybird1 Posts: 2I'd like to see the ground clearance increase for those of us who live on dirt roads with ruts.
A little more knee room for tall drivers.
Head rests that tilt for long commutes.
Rear seats that recline a little more.
dstew1 Posts: 275How about rear seats that recline PERIOD?
Head rests that tilt for long commutes.
Rear seats that recline a little more.
Believe it or not my 1998 model has both.
The rear seats recline almost all the way. The rear head rests also tilt. And they are interchangeable with the fronts, so I swapped them out and have tilting head rests. :shades:
djenson Posts: 2Get rid of the cheap fabric seats... stand by the warranty for wear for 36000. The seats are fraying on the seams in even new cars and Subaru won't admit it is a quality control problem and replace with something more durable. The light color interior is terrible for showing dirt though the car is excellent driving in snow & mud.
Been following these forums for a long time, and yours are the first "worn" seats I've heard of.
I remember there was an issue with the 1st gen Forester regarding the fabric on doors that would show wear from drivers who rode with their arms on the window sill.
Back then Ed used to complain. Ironically, it was the higher trim line.
I've had a Forester XT Sport (automatic, with VDC) for a little over a year now. Very reliable, but sometimes it's the little things that get to you:
1) This model has the "high-end" audio system (MP3-capable), but the two front door speakers are simply terrible. When the engine is on, and at normal volume, they vibrate with the panel with such distortion that it is impossible to listen to some music. We also have a 2005 Volvo S40 T5 with a good audio system, and, while it's not MP3-capable, CD's and radio music sounds GREAT. Two Subaru dealer service depts claim they cannot hear the problem, and now the warranty on the audio system is close to expiring. This problem really strengthens the image of Subarus as being (and sounding) "tinny""! :P
2) I got the heavy duty floor mats with this XT Sport. The driver's mat has a hook that is supposed to prevent the mat from sliding up under the pedals, but, because this mat is so thick, it quickly slips up and off the hook. One dealer's service guy actually thought there was a different hook available for this mat, so, at no charge to me, he ordered and installed it: it was the exact same hook!! If anyone knows a homemade solution to securing the mat to the hook, I'm listening. :confuse:
I can't disagree.
I replace the base speakers on my Forester with premium sound speakers, and they are only slightly less bad. To be fair that was a 1998 model.
The pin that holds my floor mat in place broke off the first year I owned the vehicle. I never bothered to replace it.
Subaru certainly isn't known for it's audio systems. The base speakers are pathetic paper cones and while the upgraded ones are somewhat better construction, they're hardly audiophile quality. However, I've got the upgraded audio system and I have to crank it up pretty high to get the speakers vibrating in the door panels :confuse:
Does the hook go all the way into your floor mat? If so, you'd think that it would provide enough resistance to prevent the mat from sliding. I've never had a problem with the standard mats sliding.
When I swapped it in for a while, the standard mat did not slide at all. The heavy duty mat is much thicker, and the hook is too short to hold it securely. Just wish someone at Subaru had thought this through to where they either: a) re-worked the hole in the mat so the original hook could hold it, or b) offered a bigger hook.
Now that I have seen and crawled all over the 09 Forester I find that I like it very much, however I am very disappointed that they didn't include a 5 speed automatic in the changes. This would allow lower RPMs at highway speeds. I am not a CVT fan.
So my first wish would be the transmission. My second wish would be for them to make changes to the 3.0 H6 to allow it to run on regular fuel without compromise, and offer it on the Forester. Some of the changes made to the H6 for the Tribeca, like the cooling system, and valve actuation system, should be easily transferred to the 3.0, and leave it at 3.0 for a good balance of economy and performance.
I would most likely buy a new Forester if it had the transmission, but would definitely buy one if it had the trans and the H6.
If I got a 3rd wish, I would like to see the AWD bias for the automatic system changed to the 45/55 as is in the Tribeca.
The more I think about what I have said I guess what I am asking for is a slightly smaller, more economical Tribeca type Forester.
robm2 Posts: 53A 5th gear does not mean a higher highway gear. More often than not, it means closer gear ratios with about the same final gear ratio.
At 110 km/h, (~70 mph), the 4EAT is still well below 3000 rpm, (I think it's around 2400 or 2600 ... can't remember for sure).
I can tell you that the 4th gear in the 4EAT is a lower ratio (0.694) compared to the 5MT (0.738), and compared to the 6MT (0.756). Lower ratio means lower RPM at highway speed.
More gears ≠ better highway mileage
More gears CAN mean better highway mileage. What you mention is one scenario but not common. The Tribeca and the Outback 5 spd autos have closer interim gear ratios AND lower top gear ratios. This is much more common than what you suggest. With 5 speeds you can have your cake and eat it too.
You also neglect final drive ratios and tire sizes too. In the case of the Forester the tire sizes are the same but the final drive ratios are different between the manual and the auto. The manual uses a 4.111 final drive while the auto uses a 4.44. The top gear in the auto has to be lower to compensate for this on the highway.
The highway RPMs end up being similar on both Foresters. At 75 MPH the manual has 3022 and the auto has 2904. However the Tribeca has 2593. At 70 the numbers are 2820/2710/and 2420.
Subaru does a great job with gear ratios and final drive ratios, including giving good launch characteristics in 1st gear, but using a 5 speed auto would give them better options for matching what is needed for launch and highway cruising. Somewhere around 350 to 400 RPMs lower at "real" highway speeds would provide for better fuel mileage.
400 RPMs is roughly the difference between driving at 65 instead of 75 in the Forester. Anyone who has done this knows the mileage at 65 is much better than at 75. This discounts increased drag but that delta is a small part of the equation at these 2 speeds.
A 5th ratio would not hurt, but our auto does shift smoothly and doesn't hunt around. Overall I actually like Subaru's 4EAT as in our Forester better than the 5EAT in our Toyota Sienna.
So add it, sure, just make sure it performs exactly like the 4 speed currently does.
I'd like the see them raise the passenger seat an inch or so, and how about round cup holders instead of square ones?
Minor nit picks, to be fair.
If you keep the speeds down, you can get phenomenal gas mileage in the Forester - we can break 30mpg fairly easily. Drive fast and it's closer to 27mpg. Good numbers for the class.
Very good numbers! I have a '98 MT Escort and on a long trip yesterday keeping it at 60 mph, it returned 38.5. 28% better than what you listed for the Forester, but I give up a lot to get there. If I were up to a car payment, I would dump that little econo-car in a heartbeat.2014 Audi Q7 TDI, 2008 and 2013 Subaru Forester(s), 1969 Chevrolet C20 Pickup, 1969 Ford Econoline 100, 1976 Ford F250 Pickup
I had a 91 Escort GT back in the day. That averaged about 28mpg or so, not a lot better than the Subaru, though I'm sure I used to drive more aggressively.
Exactly. For what you get in return, Subaru's vehicles really do provide very good fuel economy.2014 Audi Q7 TDI, 2008 and 2013 Subaru Forester(s), 1969 Chevrolet C20 Pickup, 1969 Ford Econoline 100, 1976 Ford F250 Pickup
This discussion has been closed.


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- Summary
Delirium (PDQ®)
- General Information About Delirium
- Causes of Delirium
- Effects of Delirium on the Patient, Family, and Health Care Providers
- Diagnosing Delirium
- Treatment of Delirium
- Current Clinical Trials
- Changes to This Summary (12/12/2013)
- About This PDQ Summary
- Questions or Comments About This Summary
- Get More Information From NCI
General Information About Delirium
Delirium is a confused mental state that causes changes in awareness and behavior.
Delirium is a confused mental state that can occur in patients who have cancer, especially advanced cancer. Patients with delirium have problems with the following:
- Attention.
- Thinking.
- Awareness.
- Behavior.
- Emotions.
- Judgement.
- Memory.
- Muscle control.
- Sleeping and waking.
There are three types of delirium:
Delirium may come and go during the day.
The symptoms of delirium usually occur suddenly. They often occur within hours or days and may come and go. Delirium is often temporary and can be treated. However, in the last 24 to 48 hours of life, delirium may be permanent because of problems like organ failure. Most advanced cancer patients have delirium that occurs in the last hours to days before death.
This summary is about delirium in adults.
Causes of Delirium
Delirium may be caused by cancer, cancer treatment, or other medical conditions.
There is often more than one cause of delirium in a cancer patient, especially when the cancer is advanced and the patient has many medical conditions. Causes of delirium include the following:
- Organ failure, such as liver or kidney failure.
- Electrolyte imbalances: Electrolytes are important minerals (including salt, potassium, calcium, and phosphorous) in blood and body fluids. These electrolytes are needed to keep the heart, kidneys, nerves, and muscles working the way they should.
- Infections.
- Paraneoplastic syndromes: Symptoms that occur when cancer-fighting antibodies or white blood cells attack normal cells in the nervous system by mistake.
- Side effects of medicines and treatments: Patients with cancer may take medicines with side effects that include delirium and confusion. The effects usually go away after the medicine is stopped.
- Withdrawal from medicines that depress (slow down) the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
It is important to know the risk factors for delirium.
Patients with cancer are likely to have more than one risk factor for delirium. Identifying risk factors early may help prevent delirium or decrease the time it takes to treat it. Risk factors include the following:
- Serious illness.
- Having more than one disease.
- Older age.
- Dementia.
- Low level of albumin (protein) in the blood, which is often caused by liver problems.
- Infection.
- High level of nitrogen waste products in the blood, which is often caused by kidney problems.
- Taking medicines that affect the mind or behavior.
- Taking high doses of pain medicines, such as opioids.
The risk increases when the patient has more than one risk factor. Older patients with advanced cancer who are hospitalized often have more than one risk factor for delirium.
Effects of Delirium on the Patient, Family, and Health Care Providers
Delirium causes changes in the patient that can upset the family and caregivers.
Delirium may be dangerous to the patient if his or her judgment is affected. Delirium can cause the patient to behave in unusual ways. Even a quiet or calm patient can have a sudden change in mood or become agitated and need more care.
Delirium can be upsetting to the family and caregivers. When the patient becomes agitated, family members often think the patient is in pain, but this may not be the case. Learning about differences between the symptoms of delirium and pain may help the family and caregivers understand how much pain medicine is needed. Health care providers can help the family and caregivers learn about these differences.
Delirium may affect physical health and communication.
Patients with delirium are:
- More likely to fall.
- Sometimes unable to control bladder and/or bowels.
- More likely to become dehydrated (drink too little water to stay healthy).
They often need a longer hospital stay than patients without delirium.
The confused mental state of these patients may make them:
- Unable to talk with family members and caregivers about their needs and feelings.
- Unable to make decisions about care.
This makes it harder for health care providers to assess the patient's symptoms. The family may need to make decisions for the patient.
Diagnosing Delirium
Possible signs of delirium include sudden personality changes, problems thinking, and unusual anxiety or depression.
When the following symptoms occur suddenly, they may be signs of delirium:
- Agitation.
- Not cooperating.
- Changes in personality or behavior.
- Problems thinking.
- Problems paying attention.
- Unusual anxiety or depression.
The symptoms of delirium are a lot like symptoms of depression and dementia.
Early symptoms of delirium are like symptoms of depression and dementia. Delirium that causes the patient to be inactive may appear to be depression. Delirium and dementia both cause problems with memory, thinking, and judgment. Dementia may be caused by a number of medical conditions, including Alzheimer disease. Differences in the symptoms of delirium and dementia include the following:
- Patients with delirium often show changes in how alert or aware they are. Patients who have dementia usually stay alert and aware until the dementia becomes very advanced.
- Delirium occurs suddenly (within hours or days). Dementia appears gradually (over months to years) and gets worse over time.
Older patients with cancer may have both dementia and delirium. This can make it hard for the doctor to diagnose the problem. If treatment for delirium is given and the symptoms continue, then the diagnosis is more likely dementia. Checking the patient's health and symptoms over time can help diagnose delirium and dementia.
Physical exams and other laboratory tests are used to diagnose the causes of delirium.
Doctors will try to find the causes of delirium.
- Physical exam and history: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient's health habits, past illnesses including depression, and treatments will also be taken. A physical exam can help rule out a physical condition that may be causing symptoms.
- Laboratory tests: Medical procedures that test samples of tissue, blood, urine, or other substances in the body. These tests help to diagnose disease, plan and check treatment, or monitor the disease over time.
Treatment of Delirium
Treatment includes looking at the causes and symptoms of delirium.
Both the causes and the symptoms of delirium may be treated. Treatment depends on the following:
- Where the patient is living, such as home, hospital, or nursing home.
- How advanced the cancer is.
- How the delirium symptoms are affecting the patient.
- The wishes of the patient and family.
Treating the causes of delirium usually includes the following:
- Stopping or lowering the dose of medicines that cause delirium.
- Giving fluids to treat dehydration.
- Giving drugs to treat hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood).
- Giving antibiotics for infections.
In a terminally ill patient with delirium, the doctor may treat just the symptoms. The doctor will continue to watch the patient closely during treatment.
Treatment without medicines can also help relieve symptoms.
Controlling the patient's surroundings may help with mild symptoms of delirium. The following may help:
- Keep the patient's room quiet and well-lit, and put familiar objects in it.
- Put a clock or calendar where the patient can see it.
- Have family members around.
- Keep the same caregivers as much as possible.
Patients who may hurt themselves or others may need to have physical restraints.
Treatment may include medicines.
Medicines may be used to treat the symptoms of delirium depending on the patient's condition and heart health. These medicines have serious side effects and the patient will be watched closely by a doctor. These medicines include the following:
Sedation may be used for delirium at the end of life or when delirium does not get better with treatment.
When the symptoms of delirium are not relieved with standard treatments and the patient is near death, in pain, or has trouble breathing, other treatment may be needed. Sometimes medicines that will sedate (calm) the patient will be used. The family and the health care team will make this decision together.
The decision to use sedation for delirium may be guided by the following:
- The patient will have repeated assessments by experts before the delirium is considered to be refractory (doesn't respond to treatment).
- The decision to sedate the patient is reviewed by a team of health care professionals and not made by one doctor.
- Temporary sedation, for short periods of time such as overnight, is considered before continuous sedation is used.
- The team of health care professionals will work with the family to make sure the team understands the family's views and that the family understands palliative sedation.
Current Clinical Trials
Check NCI's list of cancer clinical trials for U.S. supportive and palliative care trials about delirium and cognitive/functional effects that are now accepting participants. The list of trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
General information about clinical trials is also available from the NCI Web site.
Changes to This Summary (12/12/2013)
The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.
Editorial changes were made to this summmary.
About This PDQ Summary
About PDQ
Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in Spanish.
PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government's center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.
Purpose of This Summary
This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the causes and treatment of delirium. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.
Reviewers and Updates
Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change.
The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board.
Clinical Trial Information
A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
Clinical trials are listed in PDQ and can be found online at NCI's Web site. Many cancer doctors who take part in clinical trials are also listed in PDQ. For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
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PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as "NCI's PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary]."
The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:
National Cancer Institute: PDQ® Delirium. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Date last modified <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/delirium/Patient. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>.
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Overview Incidence Risk Factors Symptoms Evaluation Treatment questions for doctor specialist Home Care cough in adults cough in children pain and fever adults pain and fever children vomiting in adults vomiting in children warning signs wheezing Prevention Complications Underlying Cause Transmission Types Anatomy
Bronchopneumonia Symptoms
Symptoms of pneumonia may include:
- Loss of appetite
- Cough
- Chest congestion
- Coughing up thick mucus:
- Mucus may be green, brown, yellow or tan
- Hemoptysis:
- Mucus may contain blood
- Chest pain:
- Chest pain when taking a breath
- Chest pain when coughing
- Pain often described as sharp
- Fever
- Chills
- Sore throat
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Hiccups
- Weakness or fatigue
- Headache
- Loss of appetite
- Rapid breathing rate:
Abnormal Breathing Rates
|Upper Normal
|6mo - 1 year
|40 breaths per min
|60 breaths per min
|1 - 3 years
|30 breaths per min
|50 breaths per min
|4 - 5 years
|28 breaths per min
|45 breaths per min
|5 - 6 years
|26 breaths per min
|40 breaths per min
|6 - 12 years
|24 breaths per min
|30 breaths per min
|Over 12 years
|20 breaths per min
|25+ breaths per min
Symptoms of severe pneumonia include:
- Fever over 103 degrees F (39.4 C)
- Severe cough
- Coughing blood
- Shortness of breath
- Wheezing
- Chest pain:
- Cyanosis:
- Lips or nailbeds turn blue
- Rapid heart rate
- Lethargy:
- Confusion
Additional symptoms of pneumonia in infants include:
Continue to Bronchopneumonia Evaluation
Last Updated: Jan 24, 2011 References
Authors: Stephen J. Schueler, MD; John H. Beckett, MD; D. Scott Gettings, MD
Copyright DSHI Systems, Inc. Powered by: FreeMD - Your Virtual Doctor
PubMed Bronchopneumonia References
- Chetty K, Thomson AH. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Paediatr Drugs. 2007;9(6):401-11. [18052410]
- Feldman C, Anderson R. Controversies in the treatment of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia. Future Microbiol. 2006 Oct;1:271-81. [17661640]
- Kumar P, McKean MC. Evidence based paediatrics: review of BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children. J Infect. 2004 Feb;48(2):134-8. [14720488]
- Maestro B, Sanz JM. Novel approaches to fight Streptococcus pneumoniae. Recent Patents Anti-Infect Drug Disc. 2007 Nov;2(3):188-96. [18221176]
- Mckean MC. Evidence based medicine: review of BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults. J Infect. 2002 Nov;45(4):213-8. [12423607]
- Niederman MS. Review of treatment guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Med. 2004 Aug 2;117 Suppl 3A:51S-57S. [15360097]
- Pugh RN, Omar RI, Hossain MM. Varicella infection and pneumonia among adults. Int J Infect Dis. 1998 Apr-Jun;2(4):205-10. [9763503]
- Vila-Corcoles A. Advances in pneumococcal vaccines: what are the advantages for the elderly? Drugs Aging. 2007;24(10):791-800. [17896829]


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An $11.3 million federal grant, supplemented by CapMetro's general revenue, will halp pay for the $27 million project, to take place over a two-year period.
CapMetro's MetroRail began operations in March 2010 after a prolonged dispute with federal authorities in determining whether the system was a diesel light railway transit (DLRT) service, a designation CapMetro sought, or a regional ("commuter") rail operation, as federal authorities ultimately judged.
The Red Line, stretching 32 miles, links lower downtown Austin with Leander, Tex.


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Blue Jays set for spring opener vs. Tigers
By Gregor Chisholm / MLB.com
DUNEDIN, Fla. -- The monotonous routine of daily workouts has come to an end and the Blue Jays are set to open their Grapefruit League season with a game against the Tigers on Saturday at 1:05 p.m. ET.
Right-hander Brandon Morrow will take the mound for one inning, and he is expected to be followed by the likes of Brad Lincoln, Steve Delabar and Esmil Rogers.
Third baseman Brett Lawrie will lead the way for the position players on the road trip to nearby Lakeland. Also joining him will be Adam Lind, J.P. Arencibia, Emilio Bonifacio, Maicer Izturis and others.
"I'm optimistic how it will all fit together, but like the fans, I want to see them all playing together and get excited about it," manager John Gibbons said Friday afternoon.
"Early on they won't all be playing together every day, we'll be staggering the days a little bit, and then of course a few of them are leaving for the [World Baseball Classic]. But the last couple of weeks we'll have them all out there mostly everyday, and then that's when we'll really see what we've got."
The Blue Jays will play 34 exhibition this games this spring, including two that are set to take place in Philadelphia from March 29-30. From there, they'll travel to Toronto for the start of the regular season on April 2 versus the Indians.
There aren't many jobs up for grabs this spring. There are a pair of vacancies in the bullpen and the starting job at second base is up for grabs, but besides that it's more about getting ready for the start of the year without any complications. Gibbons said he doesn't plan to get in the way.
"The veteran guys, you don't have to worry about them. They're on our program, but they monitor themselves," Gibbons said. "We'll check with them and see if they need to back off, we'll back off. You just want to be ready for Opening Day."
Blue Jays to eye how Lind handles lefties
DUNEDIN, Fla. -- One of the things Blue Jays manager John Gibbons will be closely monitoring this spring is how Adam Lind handles left-handed pitching.
The Blue Jays are currently debating whether Lind will be an everyday player this year or instead be used in some sort of a platoon.
The final call likely won't be made for quite some time -- perhaps not even until the start of the season -- because results in the spring sometimes have to be taken with a grain of salt.
"We're looking at it," Gibbons said. "That's what we want to [evaluate], because we have some right-handed bats that could fill that hole if we're stronger that way.
"He has to get his timing [first] ... timing is a big thing this time of the year. But we'll see how the swings look."
Lind hit just .202 with a .553 OPS against lefties last season and owns a .220 average and .607 OPS versus southpaws in his career. Those numbers compare unfavorably to the .282 career average and .836 OPS he has against righties.
There has been some talk that center fielder Colby Rasmus would be a possibility for a platoon role this season as well, but Gibbons did his best to downplay that Friday afternoon.
Rasmus hit .182 versus lefties in 2012, compared to a .238 mark against righties. Gibbons said with the exception of an occasional day off, though, Rasmus will be in the lineup on a regular basis.
"We really haven't talked a lot about that," Gibbons said of a potential platoon. "We're really focused on Lind. Colby, we'll give him a day off every now and then against a tough lefty, but that hasn't been a focal point on platooning him. We haven't even talked about that."
Toronto has some intriguing pieces that could be used off the bench against righties. Emilio Bonifacio and Rajai Davis are expected to enter the fold at some point, while even the light-hitting catcher Henry Blanco has fared well against righties during his career.
Rivera adjusting to new job as third-base coach
DUNEDIN, Fla. -- Spring Training is the time for players to work out the kinks before the start of the season, but the same could be said for Luis Rivera.
Toronto's new third-base coach will use the Grapefruit League season to become re-acclimated with the position and continue to build scouting reports on opposing teams.
Rivera does have the added benefit of two-years experience on Toronto's coaching staff, but there still will be a learning curve as he takes over for the departed Brian Butterfield.
"You have to know the outfielders' arms," Rivera said. "Being around for the last couple of years and listening to the meetings we had before games, I have a good idea of who can throw and who cannot throw. To both sides [of the plate], left and right. I need to know that.
"I need to know the guys we can challenge if we can send them to the plate, and I need to know the game situations. I'm very aware of what's going on and what's going to need to be done."
Butterfield earned a reputation across the league for being one of the most aggressive third-base coaches in the game. His philosophy was to force the issue and cause opposing teams to make mistakes.
Rivera could take a similar approach, but he doesn't want to lock himself into one type of strategy. There will be plenty of factors at play in his decision-making process and the line of thinking will be constantly changing depending on the scenario.
"I cannot say what kind of coach I'm going to be at third base, aggressive or not," said Rivera, who spent time coaching third as part of his managerial duties while managing in the Blue Jays' Minor League system for four years.
"The play is going to dictate how I'm doing that over there. The score, a lot of things come into play, who's hitting next, how many outs. All of that stuff comes into play, so for me to make a decision and try to find out what kind of coach I'm going to be, aggressive or not aggressive, the game will dictate."
Gregor Chisholm is a reporter for MLB.com. Read his blog, North of the Border, and follow him on Twitter @gregorMLB. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Blue-collar workers poured into the cavernous auto plants of Detroit for generations, confident that a sturdy back and strong work ethic would bring them a house, a car and economic security. It was a place where the American dream came true.
It came true in cities across the industrial heartland, from Chicago's meatpacking plants to the fire-belching steel mills of Cleveland and Pittsburgh. It came true for decades, as manufacturing brought prosperity to big cities in states around the Great Lakes and those who called them home. Detroit was the affluent capital, a city with its own emblematic musical sound and a storied union movement that drew Democratic presidential candidates to Cadillac Square every four years to kick off campaigns at Labor Day rallies.
The good times would not last forever. As the nation's economy began to shift from the business of making things, that line of work met the force of foreign competition. Good-paying assembly line jobs dried up as factories that made the cars and supplied the steel closed their doors. The survivors of the decline, especially whites, fled the cities to pursue new dreams in the suburbs.
The "Arsenal of Democracy" that supplied the Allied victory of World War II and evolved into the "Motor City" fell into a six-decade downward spiral of job losses, shrinking population and a plummeting tax base. Detroit's singular reliance on an auto industry that stumbled badly and its long history of racial strife proved a disastrous combination, and ultimately too much to overcome.
"Detroit is an extreme case of problems that have afflicted every major old industrial city in the U.S.," said Thomas Sugrue, author of "The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit" and a history professor at the University of Pennsylvania. "It's been 60-plus years of steady disinvestment, depopulation and an intensive hostility between the city, the suburbs and the rest of the state."
All of the nation's industrial cities fell, but only Detroit hit bottom. Staggering under as much as $20 billion in unpaid bills, Detroit surrendered Thursday, filing the single largest municipal bankruptcy in American history.
"What happened in Detroit is not particularly distinct," said Kevin Boyle, a history professor at Northwestern University who has written extensively about his hometown. "Most Midwest cities had white flight and segregation. But Detroit had it more intensely. Most cities had deindustrialization. Detroit had it more intensely."
Detroit's first wave of prosperity came after World War I and lasted into the early 1920s, driven by the rise of the auto industry. "It was the Silicon Valley of America," Boyle said. "It was home to the most innovative, cutting-edge dominant industry in the world. The money there at that point was just staggering."
More affluence followed in the late 1940s and early 1950s as the auto industry was booming. Tens of thousands of blacks migrated from the South seeking jobs on the assembly line and a foothold in the middle class. In 1950, Detroit's population peaked as a metropolis of more than 1.8 million, making it the nation's fifth-largest city. The transformation was dramatic.
"You've got a vast city of working people who no longer have insecure lives, people with high school and less than high school degrees who can earn enough to buy a house, a car, a boat, and sent their kids to Wayne State University," Boyle said.
But by that time, Detroit's decline had already begun.
The auto industry had started to expand beyond the city and was building plants and putting offices in suburban and rural areas, and eventually sought refuge from the city's powerful unions in the nation's Sunbelt states and even overseas. Between 1947 and 1963, Detroit lost 140,000 manufacturing jobs, said Sugrue, the Pennsylvania professor.
A decade later, as Japanese auto imports started gobbling more of the U.S. market, the hemorrhaging of jobs continued. Membership in the United Auto Workers topped out at 1.5 million in 1978 and stands today at about 400,000, said Mike Smith, the union's archivist at Wayne State University's Walter Reuther Library.
"In a way, it's not unlike a small town that has a textile factory for 50 years, then all of a sudden it closes up and the whole town is decimated," Smith said.


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its unfortunate that with a great handjob done by a beautiful black woman and she doesnt even get a nice big creamy load as a tip
I love it
i didnt kno being a pop star included this
Guess we found love in a hopeless place.
she does look like rhianna a bit. foxy babe!!
Yeah it's me when I don't sing
I dont think thats in your job descripion!
wow...she looks like rihanna, i wanna fuck her
Oh, boy. She's a piece of chocolatey goodness!
fucking her would be spiritual
nice cock
Bua lo qe daria porqe me lo agitara asi...... jajajaj muy bonita la mulatita si qe si..
hottest video ever!
nice cut cock! cut cock rules
shut up with damn Rihanna comments the point is made
Her name is Lavish Styles
i want you so bad lavish
i would eat her shit
jolie black et belle poitrine
Your very hot love to have you work that bod of yours on my hard dick
Where are his balls?
I would love to lay on my bed and put my white cock out for her to play with. I had some black pussy before and dam it was so hot. I sitting hear watching this wishing she was hear
I wish she was doing my white cock. Just something about black women they just know how to make a white cock fill so good
Don't you think she has a touch of the Rihanna about her ?? Get hard just imagining its her !!
I am so horny Right now
that is the angriest looking dick i have ever seen
Is it me, or does this dude seem gay and just going through the motions?
Nice and long cock but the chick has fab tits!
that guy doesnt have any balls! he just has a penis :O!
who is she?
Rihanna ou pas, quelle importance ? Elle est superbe (seins et cul) et fait son travail avec gentillesse et adresse. Que demander de plus ?
esas tetas me matan
Its funny cause all she did waz jerk him off he got no PUSSY at all
Rihanna is a natural at this ..well done RiRi u made me cum
thats not rihanna its lavish styles
Rihanna with boobs
rihanna u dirty girl wud do time 2 fuck that
she is more beautiful than Rihanna.
dudes lovin it
wow! she's fuckin' gorgeous ...
@jason so funny, the dude in the video needs to shut the fuck up
Rob Lowe?
come on rude boy! boy can u get it up! lmao
Rihannas new job! nice tits!
its not rihanna cos she has a tatto on her right arm but the photos of the proper rihanna... she dont have a tatto on her right arm.. this in not rihanna
"It's time for the final finale" lol
Her name is "Lavish Styles"
Hi Rihanna?
if she would treat my cock like this i'd ejaculate a few gallons of jizz
I love it when a massuse makes me cum
nice ass love to fuck
I'm glad they put ebony in the title. We never would have figured that out on our own.
this is lavish styles
oh i wish she came and suck my bbc like that
lol is that rihanna?
Was this Rhianna's first job or does she still do this?
nice ass from se girl
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Idaho Hunters to Kill Pesky Wolves for Eating Too Many Elk
The sale of wolf hunting permits in Idaho yesterday was "brisk," following the state's removal of most of the areas wolves from the endangered species list. On Wednesday, the head of the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Virgil Moore told reporters, "Whether you agree with how they got here or why they got here, they are now wards of the state." He also explained the how and why:
Moore said a plan is under way to use aerial gunners, trapping or snaring to kill off 60 of 80 wolves blamed for excess elk deaths in a popular hunting area near Grangeville.
Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. Kill the wolves because they're denying some hick his right to shoot and kill elk. Cool.


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Philip Ramilo '07 recalls afternoons as a five-year-old boy, building tree houses with friends and playing patentero in the streets of his hometown.
"We weren't poor; we just don't have so many toys in the Philippines," he explains. "You had to have a crazy imagination to play there."
Those playful, carefree days ended when he was seven. His father died of heart disease and his mother moved away. Those events are touchstones for a series of paintings the 21-year-old art major presented in Detchon International Hall during January's Celebration of Student Research, Scholarship, and Creative Work.
"For me, painting has to be intensely personal," Ramilo says. "Because of what I've been through in my life, the personality I've projected has been a mask, a veil.
"Art is my only way to communicate my emotions without being embarrassed. My paintings are who I am."
It was a special day between my dad and me. We were doing gardening work in front of my grandmother's house. He bought me some food. We were just a father and son hanging out.
The next day, he was in the hospital. His immune system was weak, they said, so we weren't allowed to visit the next two weeks. I was taking exams at school when my aunts came in, crying, to get me. The next time I saw my father, he was in a casket.
This is my dad helping me to step into the future. I wasn't ready for it.
We had been honor students; the most disciplined, perfect kids. But I start
As soon as my dad passed away, my mom left for the United States. She married someone she didn't
love so that she could stay in the U.S. legally. I didn't know she was doing it so she could bring us over here. I felt betrayed. For a year or so, I wouldn't speak to her when she called.
My little brother Adrian and I lived in our old house next to my grandparents, but there was no adult in the house, no mother or father looking out for us.
ed doing bad in school. No one was going to look out for us, so I did. I got into so many fights.
Drugs were a big thing in the street, and I had to do them, drink and all that stuff, to fit in. I was doing shabu, a kind of meth. When I was 10, my youngest friend was 21.
Sometimes I feel like I didn't have a childhood. I don't have childhood memories from that time.
My mom knew she had to bring us to the U.S. Moving in with her and my stepdad was like being reborn. In the Philippines, I felt like an adult. I knew who I was. I thought I knew everything. Then I move to Indiana, and I can't even talk to these people. People would say, "What's up?" and I didn't know how to respond. In eighth grade, I talked to five people all year.
I worked in my stepfather's cleaning business as a janitor—a kid who didn't cook or clean in the Philippines, now cleaning toilets! But I was happy to make money. I felt almost independent. I put my whole paycheck in the bank for four years. I saved $6,000 and bought an orange Ford Mustang when I was 16. Every penny in that car was mine.
In ninth grade, I couldn't take it anymore. I had to fit in somewhere. I made all the teams—football, basketball, baseball—and I made friends, by being a teammate.
That year I had a 3.9 GPA and was athlete of the year. When my basketball coach handed me the award, he said, "If my son works half as hard or is half as determined as you, I'll know I've done a good job as a father."
That touched me down deep.
I felt like I had broken myself and put myself back together. But I'd also rearranged myself. Who was I?
When I got to high school, I didn't go out for any sports. I began to focus on art.
One teacher called me a chameleon—said that you could put me in any crowd and I could blend in. It was the way I survived.
When I came here, I decided that I wasn't going to try to impress anybody. I wasn't going to do anything just to fit in.
Guys would say, "If you don't, you won't have any friends." I thought, then I don't need any. I was so mad to have to go through this again. I refused to.
My freshman year, my mom got sick. Leukemia. And the wall between us was demolished. We got real close. I remember one letter she sent—after I read it, I started crying.
She was going through treatment, and I was going home every weekend, crying and wanting to transfer out of Wabash. It was too hard, I'd say. I wasn't getting any sleep.
A lot of people encouraged me not to give up, especially my mom. And all this time, she was battling cancer!
This painting is a thank you note to her, along with her likeness. Inay is mother in tagalog, the Filipino language. "Thank you for everything that you've done for us," it says. "I love you."
My mom is still taking treatments for leukemia. This painting is a portrait of mom and my little sister, Hannah Nicole. It was a Mother's Day present. When I gave it to her, she…well, she was Inay.
And her eyes really are that intense. When she looks at you, she gets your attention. The background is a Philippine pattern. I've become really attracted to my Filipino heritage. This year, I started writing down everything I could remember from that time. My friends, the games, my father.
But what I'm really attracted to is my past. I'm taking back my childhood a little at a time.
I went back to the Philippines over Christmas break. My grandma had come to visit us, and she got hurt. She thought she might die. She wanted to go home. Mine was the only current passport, so I took her there.
As soon as she got home, she was like a little kid. She changed her clothes and went around the neighborhood to talk to everyone, as if nothing had happened.
But I hated the Philippines! Not the people, but how everything had changed. I wanted to play patentero—I just wanted to play those games, but no one, not even the little kids, play that anymore. They're losing their own childhoods, but they don't know it. Going back to the Philippines, I realized it's not what I thought it would be. It's not home.
Doing art, when I'm in the zone, that's home. I feel like that kid again, coming home at six o'clock, when my family was complete, when I was talking with my dad, when I was playing with my friends.
When I paint, I feel like it's time to be home again, to feel so loved.


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Oakland A's pitcher Brandon McCarthy remains hospitalized just three days after having brain surgery as a result of being hit in the head by a line drive.
McCarthy was left with a skull fracture and a brain contusion, as well as internal bleeding that put pressure on his brain. On Friday, doctors stressed that McCarthy was doing well but still is in a critical period of his recovery and that the situation still is life-threatening.
If McCarthy is nervous about his condition, however, he certainly isn't showing it. McCarthy, an avid fan of Twitter, certainly hasn't lost his sense of humor.
A couple samplings of his tweets from today:
• "The good news in all of this, is that I set up my fantasy lineups beforehand. So there shall be no excuses at this point."
• "Crazy about this children's tylenol, can't believe they give it to kids."
The 29-year-old McCarthy underwent two hours of surgery late Wednesday to relieve pressure on the brain after the ball hit the right side of his head. He experienced an epidural hemorrhage, brain contusion and skull fracture on the play off the bat of the Angels' Erick Aybar.
McCarthy is recovering in a Bay Area hospital, and might soon be moved to a transitional care unit in the building that is one step closer to a regular hospital room.
A's trainer Nick Paparesta said the first few days after a traumatic head injury are crucial.
"I'd give him one more day. I think with any head injury, you need to be cautious, and that's where we are," he said. "There is caution there. But the progress has been great and we're all very excited about it."
His wife, Amanda, also has been regularly posting on Twitter as usual.
When asked about McCarthy's Twitter posts, Paparesta was encouraged.
"I think that that's great. As you can tell they are his thoughts, and that's important," Paparesta said. "People are able to see that he's still got it all together."
Before the Dodgers-Giants afternoon game at AT&T Park, players in both clubhouses were eager to hear updates about McCarthy's progress.
"That scares me so much," Giants manager Bruce Bochy said while seeking an update on McCarthy's injury.
Paparesta said McCarthy's long-term health and well-being—not his baseball career—is the priority.
Everyone is concerned.
"Oh yeah, guys talk about it to see what happens," Los Angeles manager Don Mattingly said. "It kind of reminds you just how dangerous, what can happen and how fast it can happen. It puts it in perspective of what you're doing."
Dodgers second baseman Mark Ellis played with McCarthy for part of 2011 with the A's before being traded to Colorado. While Ellis said it's always good to see someone get up from such a frightening moment, that doesn't always mean everything is OK.
"It's especially hard when you played with a guy to see something like that," Ellis said. "You're happy to see him get up, but I'm so glad they did all the tests to make sure."
Material from The Associated Press was used in this report.


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BILLINGS, Mont. (AP) - The U.S. Secretary of Interior says his agency is investigating whether mining companies are skirting royalty rules as they increase exports of coal to Asia, but have issued no violations yet. Secretary Ken Salazar said in a letter to Congress released Friday that he has asked the Interior Department's Office of Inspector General to look into the issue. Salazar was responding to concerns raised by Oregon Sen. Ron Wyden and Alaska Sen. Lisa Murkowski.
They warn that as coal exports grow, taxpayers could lose many millions of dollars annually if royalties are unfairly calculated. At issue is when companies use affiliates to sell coal from mines in the Western U.S. to Asia. The parent company pays government royalties based on the mine price, then the affiliate ships the fuel overseas where it gets a higher price.


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Tuesday, May 31, 2011 - Dmitry and Pavel
Latest Sets at MaleFeet4U.com
Our previews from malefeet4u.com today are Kubik Douda and Zdenek Milanek, two very good looking guys. You can see their full shoots at www.malefeet4u.com.
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The End of William Higgins Newsletter


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Let's start treating climate change like the enemy
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is hovering at a landmark 400 parts per million, a level never before experienced by human beings. Scientists say we're playing with fire, risking the planet's future if we don't start to lower the greenhouse gas levels forcing climate change. How should we react to this news? First, we need to envision climate change more accurately, as a deadly threat.Read More


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-Ride Safe & Avoid Anyone On The Phone-
**2000 R1100RT (Bullfrog), 1976 R90/6 (Tadpole)**
beemerFROG a.k.a. Douglas E. Rost
MotoFrog.net -- Black Frog Marketing
LDComfort shirt. It really did help with the hot ride home Sunday to northeast Arkansas.
And the high output LED bulbs for my MotoLights.
John M. Flora
MOA # 23538, RA # 16295, AMA Life Member
Secret Squadron # SQ24418
We saw a bike riding around the fairgrounds on the Thursday or Friday night, with it's wheels glowing neon green. That looked really sharp and difficult to not see. Couldn't find any vendors selling any such equipment. Does anyone know who sells and installs this type of kit? Sorry, no pictures.
Retired and riding my RTs, the '87 K100 & the '98 R1100 !
Niagara Riders #298 & Knights of the Roundel #333
I noticed that moto as well (..not sure what I thought of it... ). Search on Google for LED underbody...
Last edited by rjzinc; 07-31-2012 at 01:15 PM. Reason: spelling
I have a question to anyone who remembers:
There was a vendor (a guy with a beard and a baseball cap) who had a small display set up indoors, where he was selling a variety of rings. He would personalize them with hand stamped lettering and symbols. He was very exacting about the fit and very reasonable about the price. I paid him in cash, did not take a card or a receipt and thusly, here is my tale of woe.
I bought the ring to wear in place of my wedding ring while doing things like working on the bike, household projects, etc. It is high quality. It fits great and looks great. When I got home, my wife not only really liked the idea, she really likes the ring. And of course, she now wants one too, for the same purpose of when she would be doing something whare she doesn't want to damage or endanger her diamond ring.
Only I don't have the information to contact the vendor. Does anybody out there have any information on him?
And on a personal note... if I brought home a ring to "replace" my wedding ring when I was out "doing stuff".... I'm just Say'in.
-Ride Safe & Avoid Anyone On The Phone-
**2000 R1100RT (Bullfrog), 1976 R90/6 (Tadpole)**
beemerFROG a.k.a. Douglas E. Rost
MotoFrog.net -- Black Frog Marketing
Tire Gard TPMS for my tube equipped F650 Dakar.
Ice cream...
Paul Glaves - "Big Bend", Texas U.S.A
"The greatest challenge to any thinker is stating the problem in a way that will allow a solution." - Bertrand Russell
(And I have many nicks and scars in the soft metal of my wedding ring from the KIND OF THINGS I DO, that I would prefer NOT to have.)
Debra's Designs, Camden, AR - 479.601.2424
Great People; Great Quality
Last edited by mpcampo; 08-01-2012 at 10:03 PM. Reason: I found the Vendor!!!
My Kermit chair broke and they gave me a new piece from one of their chairs on the spot! I thank them so much! I LOVE the chair and have had it for many years. If it happens again, I will just glue and clamp it (which is what I was expecting them to tell me), but as i was at the rally and didn't have the glue or clamps, it sure was nice to use the chair for the rest of the rally!
Thank YOU KERMIT CHAIR Company!!
Long Distance Shorts (only a bit better than my previous solution, but well worth it)
P3 Photon Blasters
A 2nd pair of outseam Lee Parks summer gloves (sooooo comfy!)
What I didn't buy AT the rally but subsequently ordered, was Richa Spirit jacket and pants. I only came across them at 3:30 Saturday afternoon, didn't know anything about Richa, and felt uncomfortable spending big bucks with so little info. I haven't received them yet but very much looking forward to receiving them.
Ottawa, Canada
A Redverz tent " now I can stand up in my Tent" and Motolight LED inserts for my Motolights. Ride Safe
Cave Contents: 1980 R100RT/Ural Sidecar, 2004 R1200CLC, 2006 HD FSXTI
Ride Safe
The vendor with the cool side lighting on the wheels is Lunasee.com. We saw his table in one of the buildings, can't remember which one. Looked really interesting, but we had already blown enough $$ on other goodies. I got some Clearwaters, Skene brake lights, and a headlight guard for my GS. The hubby got the Skenes and headlight guard too.
2010 R1200GS low (mine)
2012 R1200GS Triple Black (hubby's)


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€7.5 million grant to suppurt Yemen democracy
The European Commission has granted €7.5 million for two assistance projects in Yemen. The projects will support the Government and NGO partnership for the promotion and protection of human rights in Yemen and the sustainable development of its fishery sector. They are part of the Commission's 2005-2006 strategy for Yemen that focuses on poverty reduction and strengthening of pluralism and democracy.
"I welcome and encourage Yemeni efforts to progress towards democratisation, respect for human rights and the rule of law and its engagement in fighting terrorism. It is important for Yemen to live up to the expectations of the international community. The successful implementation of foreign assistance needs stability, predictability, transparency and confidence," Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Commissioner for External Relations and European Neighbourhood policy said. She added: "I look forward to acceleration of the reform process. We stand ready to help and to support Yemen's on-going reforms and to tackle the serious problems affecting the country security and wide-spread poverty."
Supporting Government and NGO partnerships for the promotion and protection of human rights
The project aims to strengthen the capacity of civil society and public authorities to protect and promote human rights and democracy. It will finance targeted training activities and institutional support, encourage the development of consultation mechanisms between government and civil society organisations, and fund small human rights projects with civil society actors.