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Mountain Pikas Eat Moss to Survive Climate Changes
Pikas are small mammals closely related to rabbits and hares that are native to cold, alpine climates in North America, Asia and Eastern Europe.
Pikas are very sensitive to heat, dying if they spend more than two hours above 78 degrees Fahrenheit, so cold climate is important to their survival.
And sadly, as increasing temperatures continue to play a role in our changing climate, pikas have gone extinct in some mountain ranges and moved to higher peaks in others in the American West.
However, researchers have also discovered pikas living in rockslides near sea level in Oregon. But how is this species surviving in these warmer gorge areas when they are dependent on colder weather? Well, biologists claim pikas survive hot weather simply by eating moss.
"Pikas eat foods like moss to persist in warming environments," says biologist Denise Dearing of the University of Utah, co-author of a new paper reporting the results.
Jo Varner, also a biologist at the University of Utah and a paper co-author, says that although "some fiber is good, moss is 80 percent fiber. It's a bit like eating paper.
"By consuming mosses that grow on the rockslides where they live, the pikas don't have to forage outside the shady heat-buffer of the rocks.
"Few herbivores consume moss because it's so nutritionally deficient. These pikas set a new record for moss in a mammal's diet: 60 percent."
Pikas' extensive moss-eating "suggests that they may be more resistant to climate change than we thought," says Dearing.
Like rabbits and hares, pikas produce a fraction of their feces in the form of caecal pellets, and reingest them to gain nutrition.
"Pikas and rabbits--and their gut microbes--are the ultimate recycling factory," Dearing says. "They ingest low-quality food over and over again, and turn it into high-quality protein and energy. The end product is six times more nutritious than the moss" that started it all.
The paper is published online this week in the Journal of Mammalogy.
Read more at the National Science Foundation.
Pika image via Shutterstock.


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Anyone who watched Michigan State football recently realizes how much the Spartans struggled this past season without three-year starting quarterback Kirk Cousins.
Except in that context, we hadn't heard much about Cousins in the NFL until Sunday, when the backup to fellow Washington Redskins rookie Robert Griffin III was forced into the game in the fourth quarter by the latter's knee injury.
Cousins completed the Redskins' biggest drive with an 11-yard TD pass to Pierre Garcon, then scored the tying two-point conversion on a QB draw, sending the game with the Baltimore Ravens into overtime.
Richard Crawford's 64-yard punt return set up Kai Forbath's winning field goal, 31-28. The Redskins (7-6) can thank Cousins if that victory helps Coach Mike Shanahan's team into the playoffs.
The last Washington team to reach postseason play was coached by Joe Gibbs, who went 10-6 in 2005, and two rounds into the playoffs, in his second stint with the Redskins. That team had to win five in a row to get in; the current Redskins have won four in a row, with three games remaining.
Cousins had a chance in Week 5 against Atlanta after Griffin had to come out because of a concussion. Cousins hit Santana Moss with a 77-yard TD, but the Falcons rallied for a 24-17 victory and intercepted two Cousins passes in the final two minutes.
Despite Cousins' Week 14 contributions, the Sunday talking heads were speculating that Washington's playoff hopes hinge on the severity of Griffin's injury – a team spokesman said an MRI revealed that "everything is clear" in terms of significant ligament damage – which all but guarantees they haven't been watching Michigan State football recently.
Pittsburgh's pratfall: The San Diego Chargers had done little to help themselves lately, and Sunday's unlikely, 34-24 victory at Pittsburgh probably comes too late to save the jobs of Coach Norv Turner and GM A.J. Smith.
But the Chargers likely guaranteed a playoff berth for Andrew Luck and the Indianapolis Colts, who've gone from 2-14 in 2011 to 9-4 by basically improving at one position.
And the sigh of relief you just heard was from beleaguered Chargers fans. They got to enjoy the first San Diego victory at Pittsburgh in 14 regular-season games and can still anticipate much-desired new leadership in 2013.
Not even the return of Ben Roethlisberger (shoulder, rib) could save the Steelers from going 1-3 in their past four. With the Cincinnati Bengals coughing up a late home lead to Dallas, the last AFC Wild-Card spot will likely be decided between those 7-6 teams in Week 16 at Pittsburgh.
Let's hear it for the backs: The last running back voted NFL Most Valuable Player was LaDainian Tomlinson in 2006, but Minnesota's Adrian Peterson is doing all he can to revise the current bias toward quarterbacks.
Peterson rushed for 104 yards and two touchdowns in the first quarter, sparking the Vikings to a 21-14 victory over the Chicago Bears. The NFL rushing leader finished with 154 yards on 31 carries, giving Peterson 1,600 yards this season, coming off a severe Week 17 knee injury in 2011.
Although the Bears defense has become pliable against the run – Sunday was their fifth game in a row allowing at least 100 yards – the degree of difficulty for Peterson, without Percy Harvin in the Vikings lineup, makes the feat all that more incredible.
Peterson has rushed for 100 or more in seven games in a row. "I don't know if he's human or not," Minnesota QB Christian Ponder said.
Worst reception: Buffalo backup tight end Lee Smith, celebrating a TD catch against St. Louis, attempted a Ralph Wilson Stadium Leap. But Bills fans parted like the Red Sea as Smith fell backwards, leaving only his feet visible. This never happens at Lambeau Field.
Better celebration: New York Giants rookie David Wilson can score as many touchdowns as he likes, as long as that tight back-flip is part of the package. Wilson became the first Giants rookie with TDs by kickoff return and rush in the same game since Joe Scott in 1948 vs. the Los Angeles Rams.
Bloom picks record: 133-72-1
Contact the writer: email@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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A modest 0.6% decline marked U.S. freight carload traffic for the week, measured against the comparable week in 2012. U.S. intermodal volume continued its generally strong momentum during the latest week, up 3.3% compared with a year ago. Combined U.S. traffic was up 1.2% during the week, AAR said.
Four of the 10 carload commodity groups measured by AAR posted increases compared with the same week in 2012, including petroleum and petroleum products, up 51.2%, and motor vehicles and parts, up 10.9%. Commodities showing a decrease included metallic ores, down 13.8 %, and grain, down 12.1%. Coal declined 2.7%.
Canadian freight carload volume rose 1.2% compared with the same week last year, while Canadian intermodal volume also gained ground, up 1.9%. Cumulative Canadian freight volume was up 2.6%. Mexican freight carload traffic advanced 15% measured against the comparable week in 2012, while Mexican intermodal rose a more modest 1.8%. Cumulative Mexican freight volume registered a gain of 9.7%.
Combined North American freight carload volume for the first 15 weeks of 2013 on 13 reporting U.S., Canadian, and Mexican railroads was down 0.9% measured against the comparable period in 2012. Combined North American intermodal volume was up 4.7%.


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Santana shining defensively at third
By Joe Popely / MLB.com
CHICAGO -- Terry Francona already had plenty of faith in Carlos Santana's ability to make a smooth transition from catcher and first base to third. But even he has been impressed with Santana's ability to flash the leather at the hot corner.
"I thought he played a nice game last night. I think the biggest thing is, he didn't look like a catcher," Francona said. "I know we're just 11 games into the season, but I don't get asked questions about him. I think what he's done is actually phenomenal."
Santana indeed looked like a natural third baseman in Friday's game. In the third, he snagged a sharply hit one-hop grounder off the bat of Alexei Ramirez by backing up and backhanding the ball, and then he made a strong throw across the diamond. It was one of several pretty plays Santana made on the night.
With the emergence of Yan Gomes behind the plate, finding another place to get Santana's bat in the lineup became a necessity. Entering Saturday's game, Santana had played six games at third, three as the designated hitter and two at catcher, where he started Saturday. The rotation between positions helps reduce the stress catching puts on Santana's body.
"I like it, it's good and I'm playing very well there, so I feel good and like it," Santana said. "I think it's like, I worked so hard in Spring Training, and I'm just happy how I look natural."
Francona said Santana took ground balls every day of Spring Training except one and was on board with changing positions when the Indians approached him midway through camp.
"When a guy looks at you and says, 'I'll do anything I can to help you guys win,' especially when he's your cleanup hitter, that's nice to hear," Francona said.
Even with Santana's dedication to excelling at the position, Francona called Santana's progression at third the "best-case scenario."
"I think he's underrated. I think his athleticism is underrated," Francona said. "For him to be able to go behind the plate and do what he does is not easy. He's a pretty athletic kid. He's done a good job. I think he's liking it. I think he's enjoying it."
Bourn taking more time on rehab assignment
CHICAGO --- Indians outfielder Michael Bourn went 1-for-5 with a walk and stolen base in his second rehab start with Double-A Akron Friday night. He was replaced defensively in the 10th inning of the 13-inning game, but it was the second straight game in which Bourn played nine innings.
Bourn had originally hoped to rejoin the Tribe on Sunday, the first day he's eligible to come off the DL, but Indians manager Terry Francona said Bourn will rest Saturday and play another rehab game on Sunday.
"He had a pretty good night physically," Francona said. "Still thinks another game is in his best interests, and I appreciate his honesty. I've been on him from the beginning that when we get him back, we want to get him back where he can change the game with his legs and not be thinking about it. He'll play Sunday, and then we'll go from there."
It was encouraging to see Bourn do what he does best and steal a base Friday night. It was an important step for him to test his hamstring in a full-out sprinting situation that required response from fast-twitch muscles in his rehabbing hamstring.
"I think he's feeling pretty good," Francona said. "The last thing is being able to get to that last gear and not have to think about it. That will be when he's ready to go."
Jason Giambi, who is rehabbing from a broken rib suffered early in Spring Training, joined Bourn in the lineup on Friday as the designated hitter. Giambi went 0-for-2 with two strikeouts and a walk before he was lifted for a pinch-hitter in the seventh.
Giambi will mostly be counted on as a power left-handed bat off the bench in key late-game situations. Francona said the club isn't worried about simulating that scenario during Giambi's rehab.
"No, he'll get regular at-bats," Francona said. "It's hard to send a guy, especially a 43-year-old veteran, down to the Minor Leagues to pinch-hit. Getting his at-bats will be more beneficial"
Morgan satisfied helping any way he can
CHICAGO -- Nyjer Morgan was back in the starting lineup Saturday for the first time since Tuesday against the Padres, a span of four games in which the Indians faced all left-handed starters.
"Yeah, I'm always excited to be in the lineup, but I just come out and go about my business, cheer on my guys and every time that my name gets called up, I"ll be ready to go," said Morgan, who stole a base as a pinch-runner in the ninth inning of the second game of Cleveland's doubleheader with San Diego on Wednesday.
Morgan, who played in Japan last season after spending parts of the previous five seasons with the Pirates, National and Brewers, has impressed his new team early on. He was hitting .389 with a .520 on-base percentage, three runs scored and four RBIs in 18 at-bats entering Saturday's game.
When Michael Bourn returns from his rehab assignment, Morgan's playing time might become even more sporadic. He said he understood that was the case when he signed with the Indians and is excited for Bourn to return.
"Like I said, I'm just holding down the fort until he gets back, and then whatever my role is from there, I'll make it happen," Morgan said. "If they want me to come off the bench and do what I got to do to get us a quick run in later innings or come in as a defensive replacement, I'm all for it."
Morgan said he's been around the game long enough to know how to prepare himself physically and mentally for long layoffs between starts and coming off the bench. It's nothing new for the speedy veteran.
"If you look at my track record, I've always done stuff like this," he said. "For me, I just go about the game, I play the game right. This is what I do; I just try to help my team any way I can."
Quote to note
"You think about that, what are they going to do, pull guys up from the Minor Leagues? Chicago has five pitchers and the righty Johnson pitched the day before we got here, so that's just the way it goes. San Diego had two." -- Francona, when asked if he thought teams were purposely stacking their left-handers against the Indians' lefty-heavy lineup.
Smoke signals
• Francona said Friday night's starter, Carlos Carrasco, will be available in the bullpen this week and will start next Saturday. Every other starter will take their normal turn in the rotation. If Carrasco isn't used by Tuesday or Wednesday, he'll throw a side session to stay fresh for the next start.
• The Indians fell to 1-4 against left-handed starters with last night's loss to Sox starter Chris Sale. The Tribe entered Saturday's game hitting .207 with a .572 OPS against southpaws.
• The Indians are currently carrying eight relief pitchers, which is nothing new for Francona, who likes to use his bullpen. Cleveland's bullpen pitched 516 2/3 relief innings last season and through 11 games this season, leads the American League with 38 2/3.
The idea is to not overwhelm them," Francona said. "You take whatever team you have and you try to win. If you're going to lead the league in appearances, you want guys who can get outs. I've never been real big on trying to have the long guy to mop up the games you're going to lose. I'd rather try to piece it together."
• Tribe pitchers have averaged 10.13 strikeouts per nine innings (108 in 96 innings), tops in the AL and second in the Majors to only the Washington Nationals' 11 K/9 IP mark.
Joe Popely is an associate reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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(W) David Schulner
(A) Juan Jose Ryp
(Cover) Juan Jose Ryp, Felix Serrano
From Robert Kirkman's Skybound imprint comes a sci-fi story like you've never seen before! Dr. Luke Taylor's perfect life comes to a dramatic halt when an identical, bloodied version of himself arrives at his doorstep with news that he is one of many clones... and they're all after his pregnant wife and their unborn child!
Item Code: SEP120390 In Shops: 11/21/2012 Price: $2.99
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Labor Day 2014 offers workers around the United States a well-deserved break, a time to reflect on the year so far, and an opportunity to give thanks for the many right we as American laborers enjoy. This week we'll be taking an extensive look at labor and employment issues around the nation in honor of the upcoming holiday.
While employees' rights are protected by a patchwork of laws enforced by various authorities, perhaps no rule is more important to the promotion of equal employment rights than Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Signed into law 50 years ago, Title VII explicitly prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin and is a cornerstone of promoting equitable opportunities for all in the United States. Through those five decades, Title VII, other supporting acts and its enforcement body, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), have seen a number of changes. Here we'll take a look at the milestones that have created that have sought to protect the employment rights of all Americans.
1) July 2, 1964 – Civil Rights Act passed /Equal Employment
Obviously the most important point of any act's tenure is its ratification into law. Following the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963, President elect Lyndon Johnson championed the Act, which had been held up in by the Rules Committee in an effort to bury it. The act was eventually passed and signed into law by President Johnson on July 2, 1964.
While the Civil Rights Act outlawed discrimination in nearly every aspect of American life, Title VII specifically targeted the workplace. A year later, on July 2, 1965, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was implemented as the federal body responsible for overseeing Title VII complaints.
2) 1967 – Age Discrimination in Employment Act forbids employment discrimination against anyone at least 40 years of age
While not technically part of Title VII, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act further protected American citizens of all types from unfair treatment in the workplace. The Act prohibited employment discrimination against anyone 40 years or older in the United States, and prevented many types of forced retirement, which has been used to force older workers out of their jobs.
While the Act was originally written in 1961, it did not pass until 1967. The protection is important even today, as older workers report difficult finding new opportunities, especially when they've been out of work for an extended period of time.
3) 1972 – Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 allows EEOC to bring civil actions in federal court against private employers
While the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was charged with investigating instances of workplace discrimination when it was originally founded in 1965, it lacked any authority to bring suit against private employers.
That changed in 1972, giving the commission teeth, and allowing it to enforce the rules of Title VII and other similar acts in addition to simply investigating and recommending action.
4) 1978 – The Pregnancy Discrimination Act forbids discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions
Further expanding the verbiage of title VII, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act amended the rule to prohibit use of sexual discrimination on the basis of pregnancy. This includes hiring decisions made based of a visible pregnancy, as well as the protection of certain benefits that may extend specifically to pregnant women.
As a demonstration of how workplace discrimination protection continues to evolve, the EEOC released new guidelines earlier this year that changed the ways in which pregnant women's rights were protected at the workplace.
The new guidelines cover pregnancy-related issues under the American with Disabilities Act, clarifying a number of conflicting federal regulations and case laws. Previously, pregnant women had been protected under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, but the law had been implemented in varying ways, and had been successfully rebuffed in several lower court decisions.
However, these rules were not passed unanimously, and several high profile cases involving pregnant workers could make it as far as the Supreme Court in the next session, potentially changing the protection profile again.
5) 1980 – General Tel. Co. of the Northwest, Inc. v. EEOC allows EEOC to seek class-wide relief without being certified as the class representative
While class action lawsuits were not as common when the Civil Rights Act was passed as they are today, they have come to make up around a quarter of the EEOC's case load, and have changed the way the commission litigates.
In 1980 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in General Tel. Co. of the Northwest, Inc. v. EEOC ruledthat the EEOC operated outside ofthe typical constraints of the Federal Rules of Civil procedure, allowing it to file class-action lawsuits as a representative of a class, even in case when it itself was not part of that class.
According Natalie Pierce, a shareholder at Littler Mendelson, that change "makes it a lot easier for them (EEOC) to file class-type discrimination claims against employers. The General Telephone case was really a big deal in that it allowed the EEOC to go further than private litigants."
6) 1990 – Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 expands EEOC's powers in prohibiting discrimination based on disability
While the Civil Rights Act focused on discrimination based on race and nationality, likely due to its prominence as a social issue in the 1960's, the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act expanded that protection to apply citizens with physical and mental disabilities.
Under this new act, in most cases employers cannot use a person's disability against them when making hiring and firing decision. In addition the act required the need to make accommodations for disabled workers.
In an interview with InsideCounsel earlier this year, Joan Ackerstein, partner and national director of litigation at the law firm Jackson Lewis, said, "Employees have become more sophisticated in making the claim that their employer has failed to accommodate them and failed to engage in the interactive process," Ackerstein says. "Once an employee goes to the employer and says, 'I have a disability and this is what I need,' an employer really can't simply say 'no,' and they've historically said, 'we'd love to help you but we can't do that.'"
7) 1991 – Civil Rights Act of 1991 allows possibility of compensatory and punitive damages in discrimination cases
While the Civil Rights Act of 1991 changed a number of procedural issues within the original version, bringing many of them into the modern age, perhaps the most important change was the decision to authorize plaintiffs to recover punitive damages.
"Prior to 1991, there was lots of Title VII litigation, and you had occasional EEOC litigation. But they were all non-jury cases, and the damages were back pay," says Michael S. Burkhardt, partner at Morgan, Lewis and Bockius. "The reality is, once the statute was amended, and you added the compensatory and punitive damage aspect of the claims, the risk profile for companies got much higher."
Now more than ever employees who felt they were discriminated again had an option by which to hold employers accountable.
8) 2012 – EEOC rules that transgendered workers are a protected class
Increasingly, employee protection is expanding to not only protect gender, but sexual identity as well. In April of 2012 The EEOC ruled that in the case Macy v. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives intentionally discriminating against a an individual based on their gender identity is actionable under Title VII.
The ruling further expands the power of the EEOC and commits Title VII to further protecting the rights of workers of all types throughout the United States.
In a similar vein, President Barrack Obama in July, signed an executive order aimed at protecting LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) individuals from discrimination in the workplace. The order applies to federal employers and contractors, but employers that receive federal funding are taking a close look at the order to determine if it applies to them.


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Do you remember where you were on November 20th, 2011? Well, if you answered correctly, you'll have said that you were at The Home Depot Center for the 2011 MLS Cup watching the LA Galaxy defeat the Houston Dynamo to win their third league championship.
I was in attendance for that rainy night in Carson—writing for my former outlet Soccer by Ives— with a prime seat in the auxiliary press box located on the south roof of the stadium. Like most of the fans, media and players in attendance, I left the match drenched, but it was well worth it for a highly entertaining match that saw Houston give the Galaxy a run for their money until a beautiful sequence in the 72nd minute that led to Landon Donovan's goal. That game also saw the real emergence of the partnership of Donovan and Robbie Keane as forward partners, which is something that has remained a fixture for the Galaxy throughout the 2013 season.
As we look back on the second anniversary of LA's third MLS title, check out the highlights from the match below as well as the locker room celebration and interviews courtesy of LAGalaxy.com.
Locker room celebration
"Road to the Championship" interviews
What are your memories of the game? Do you remember when they played "Beautiful People" by Chris Brown at the end of the game? Cause I do.
Share your thoughts below.


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Discussion in 'Science Fiction & Fantasy' started by Bry_Sinclair, Mar 13, 2013.
Isn't that what the last Romero zombie movie was about?
I'd say no differently mobile than an ordinary human if maybe a bit slower to account for decay/rigor mortis. Slow shuffling zombies creates too many questions and problems when it comes to the action in a movie. Namely on how something slow moving can be so hard to escape from and overcome?! But I even more hate a modern trend to make zombies movie very, very rapidly almost having super-human levels of speed, strength and agility which makes even LESS sense.
Slow-moving monsters (i.e. the Frankenstein monster) keeping up with fleeing victims is a trope of Horror fiction. It doesn't need to make sense-- it's artistic license. It plays on the emotions. No matter how far or fast you run, it's going to get you. But it's going to take a while, so you have plenty of time to be terrified.
There were NO zombies in 28 Days/Weeks later. They were Rage victims, they did not die. In fact you see Rage victims dying of starvation and exposure.
I have no preference for walkers or runners, but i really hope they dont screw up World War Z. I love that book so much and am disappointented the film has deviated from the novel so much.
Having said that the trailer does look very good. Fingers crossed.
Spreading an infection by biting is the least efficient method ever (hence why rabies hasn't wiped out the world's population). Having Zombies run makes the chances of it spreading at least more realistic. However, if I'm watching a zombie movie, I've already suspended disbelief a significant degree, so I'm indifferent to which version is chosen.
Zombies are people too, you know!
Or at least they were people. Or they're still sort-of-people. Hmmm, back to the drawing board on this one.
The primary fear the zombie movies play upon is being eaten alive. To that extent, fast zombies better emulate wild animals, and so amplify the predator/prey instinct in the back of the mind.
I'm glad that a majority of you find slow zombies scary and fast zombies silly. While you're busy mocking how silly it is for a reanimated corpse to have normal reflexes after rigor mortis would be dissipating, I can run away and make sure you're the closest source of food.
I've posted this before, but this seems like the right thread for a re-posting. From this article:
I never really bought into runners, except for short distances:
I have this concept where David Attenborough from a relatively untouched UK travels to the US to feature a nature documentary on zombie ecology. To him zombification is a return to cold-bloodedness like reptiles.
His astonishing find is that zombies actually eat less while dead than when alive, and can go longer without eating--making zombies less a strain on the environment than live humans. They go into shark like feeding frenzies, but spend most of their time in a torpor, like basking crocodiles. He then down loads his own conciousness into a jack in the back of his neck (Matrix style) and allows himself to be bitten. He describes what it is like to turn into a zombie, with his genius intact. He speaks out of a radio collar, and is along for the ride now--the zombie in full control of his locomotion, but still has to worry about head shots.
Having David on The Walking Dead would be perfect. You would do an episode like MASH where you actually don't see our heros close up--only in the distance. You have them split up, and killed one by one. (wheather they were slated by Comic or script to die or not.
That way, if the network pulls the plug early, you insert this story to wrap things up at least. Otherwise it becomes a dream sequence.
Now to me the zombie hordes in WWZ are beyond even running zombies. To see how they spill over each other, it is almost like looking at a nuée ardente, a pyroclastic flow charging at you--a powder avalanche. These would be supernatural zombies to do that at speed, although perhaps having them look like ants, bridging gaps with their own bodies, forming living towers and battering rams would be interesting.
I have no problem with the idea that a recently deceased/reanimated zombie could be fast moving. A recently deceased corpse should be more mobile/agile than a long desiccated one.
WWZ is interesting in that it suggests, at least in the books, that Zack does not decay. Whatever it is that reanimates the corpse makes the body less desireable as food for the bacteria that would otherwise consume us after we are dead. Additionally, the "virus" converts most of the body's fluid into some sort of black gel/goo that helps it retain some moisture and keeps things lubricated. Without decay, the only thing that would prevent a zombie from running is a lack of sufficient energy...but we hand wave over that given that they owuld need the same energy in order to move at all.
Okay, but "sex and bestial savagery" interest me a lot more than plain ol' rigor mortis. And besides, I find giant carnivorous insects, a la The Mist, to be much scarier metaphors of doom, corpses being snacks for creepy-crawlies and all.
Simon Pegg is quite eloquent and very correct.
Sunday movement? This isn't some other goddamn liberals special interest group seeking rights for a bunch of people who don't deserve them is it?
The zombies in World War Z do decay, it just takes alot longer. Most of the necrotic bacteria avoid selenum, the virus that reanimates the corpse.
This is why I think The Walking Dead has made a good choice in having the most substantive epidemic being reanimation of the dead. Spreading of infection through bites or what have you is secondary. The recently dead, the newly dead & the dying will add to the plague. People die. It's the one thing all of them do eventually, & that is the only prerequisite for continuing this epidemic. The potential of being bitten just adds another imminent threat to an already fragile existence in which there is no civilization, & life is already a dangerous struggle
Well, that's also part of the traditional method. Zombies were just the reanimated dead. People didn't turn into zombies because they were bitten, people turned into zombies after being bitten because they were dead.
But in normal life it's possible to be bitten and not die. Is it not true that a zombie bite in whatever form - a Romero film, the Zack Synder remake, even in this show - will actually cause death? So a bite of equivalent force from a living human won't kill, but from a zombie, it will. Therefore the bite does cause zombism - eventually.
Well, they usually are biting your jugular, which is a bit more serious.
Yea, more accurate to say a Zombie bite will ya, and death causes Zombism
Why then in the Walking Dead did they cut off Herschel's leg. It's implied but not stated that the bite itself has some kind of aombie infection that can spread.
Separate names with a comma.


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According to the Owner's News, the 2011 rally will be in Bloomsburg, PA. What a great spot!!!!
According to the Owner's News, the 2011 rally will be in Bloomsburg, PA. What a great spot!!!!
I road thru Bloomsburg and stopped at the Fairgrounds about two weeks ago. It is a great site to hold the Rally.
Sweet! Bloomsburg is just a 40 minute ride west of my home!
See: http://forums.bmwmoa.org/showthread.php?t=44690
From the last page of the Calendar page:
July 21 - 24, 2011
2011 BMW MOA National Rally
We would like to invite our BMW MOA family and friends to The 2011 BMW MOA International Rally
Dates: July 21 - 24, 2011
Location: Bloomsburg Fairgrounds, Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania
GPS Coordinates: Fort McClure Blvd. and US Route 11 Bloomsburg, Pa. 17815
Directions: http://www.bloomsburgfair.com/html/d...airgrounds.php
You're 2011 Rally Chair - Mark Austin
You're 2011 Rally Co-Chairs - Michael "Roc" Shannon & Denise Fletcher
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
For More Info: Stop by the 2011 Rally Welcome Booth located in North Sisters. Here you can find out about next year's Rally site, lodging, the town of Bloomsburg, and the great riding opportunities in the vicinity of this quaint town.
Plan your trip: http://www.itourcolumbiamontour.com & http://www.visitpa.com/pa-maps/index.aspx
Updates for the 2011 BMW MOA International Rally: http://www.bmwmoa.org
Bob Smith
2005 Rocket III


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How one Caribbean fishing village is navigating the stormy seas of adaptation
SOUBISE, Grenada -- When Hurricane Ivan slammed into this small island almost a decade ago, Esley Sanderson leaped from inside his house to save his life.
At 2 a.m., water started coming up his front doorstep. The house slid on its pillars and crumbled, so the fisherman hurriedly told his son "Let's go" and dived into the road, twisting his foot. After hopping through rising waters to a church shelter, Sanderson huddled in the basement as his foot swelled and the roof peeled off. The next morning, his family could not find the spot where their house once stood amid smashed debris.
"Everything was gone. House gone. Boat gone. Stove gone. We had no water or clothes. We washed clothes in the river. It took us a long time to come out of it," Sanderson recalled, sitting under a sign that read "Jesus never fails" on the porch of his current house.
Now the Grenada government is trying to relocate Sanderson and others out of this fishing village dominated by shacks on stilts and concrete blocks into apartments on a nearby hill built by the Chinese government. They know that Hurricane Ivan was not at full strength when it hit Grenada in 2004 and did not carry the added punch of current sea-level rise, yet it still damaged or destroyed 89 percent of the housing stock and killed 39 people.
But despite the dangers, some residents are resisting the move out of objections to the apartments' housing design and concerns about being too far away from their fishing boats.
As climate change brings new dangers to the shores of small island nations, the tiny village of Soubise underscores a central challenge facing debt-ridden Caribbean countries. They are heavily dependent on outsiders, and there are often few options to protect the poorest, most vulnerable communities. The options that do exist are often small or piecemeal, with little money for major infrastructure projects.
Plans for climate resilience can easily run into delays or messiness because of economic pressures or difficult-to-implement agreements with foreign nations, which have their own Caribbean agenda.
The Chinese-built houses in Soubise, for example, spent years in limbo partially because of the Grenadian government's financial situation. Like many Caribbean nations, Grenada allocates about 30 percent of its budget for debt and doesn't have the staff or resources to implement many policies quickly.
In this environment, outside groups are trying to fill the gap. The Nature Conservancy, which recently opened an office on the island, is focusing coastal restoration efforts on the Soubise region, considering its demographics and existence a few feet from the sea. Most Soubise residents wade directly from their backyards to anchored fishing boats a few feet offshore and do not have any type of housing or health insurance.
The dynamic is not unique to Grenada. Groups like the Caribbean Network of Fisherfolk Organisations are warning that many fishing villages across the region may have to retreat or relocate in the coming years. In west Barbados for example, land extensions that used to rise above the high-water mark are disappearing, eliminating critical ledges for boat repair, said Patrick McConney, senior lecturer at the Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies at the University of the West Indies in Barbados.
"If coastal communities are not aware, informed and organized to act, their capacity to adapt will be low," he said.
'I want to stay here'
In Soubise, the yellow row of apartments sits up a steep paved road about 10 minutes away from the village. They could be at home in 1950s suburban America, except there is no one living in them, and the electrical wires lead nowhere.
There is no sewer system, and the electrical panels on the home fronts are rusting near encroaching weeds.
"I always get sad when I see this," said Tyrone Buckmire, secretary and executive officer at the Grenada Fund for Conservation.
The Chinese government handed the houses over to the Grenada government after Grenada cut ties with Taiwan in 2005. The two countries signed a memorandum of understanding, followed by a 2010 building spree. It was part of an ongoing flow of aid after Ivan, including plans for China to construct a $68 million soccer and athletic stadium.
However, China outlined many of the engineering terms and constructed the houses with many of its own workers. The memorandum of understanding required Grenada to finish the sewage, electricity and water infrastructure, according to government officials.
The Grenada government initially could not raise the necessary capital to honor its part of the agreement, said Crafton Isaac, an official in the Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and Environment, conveying information from a former housing official. "The lack of money has prevented resettlement," he said.
Furthermore, the resulting design did not sit well with some members of the community, although many still burdened by memories of Ivan said they are happy to live on the hill.
"Building the houses is a good thing, but how they built is not so good," said Martin Collier, a 45-year-old fisherman with a red turban, sitting on a bench with community members on an 80-degree November night. "The spaces are small."
For Sanderson, the issue is that some of the Chinese apartments are divided by a single wall, as part of the same home. His wife and children and all his belongings can't fit into half of a house, he said. Currently, he, his wife and seven children live crammed in four rooms.
"Let my family in one house," he said. Otherwise, he said, they probably won't leave the village.
Others like Geron, a local fisherman who declined to give his last name, say they don't want to go at all, considering the hardship that living up a steep hill would create for getting to boats every morning. "I like the breeze and the air. I want to stay here," he said.
When good intentions go bad
Part of what is happening is a bit of a culture clash, according to Terry Charles, director general of the Grenada Red Cross. While apartment buildings may be common in Asia, Grenadians often view them negatively or associate them with crime, he said.
"It's an important part of the culture for Grenadians to have a distinctive space, even if it's small or unkempt. They want a house their way," Charles said. He argued the community was not properly consulted about its needs for relocation.
This type of cultural mismatch can be seen throughout the Caribbean on various issues, despite good intentions, according to Mark Konold, manager of the Caribbean project at the Worldwatch Institute. Sometimes donor countries will assume that standards for things like energy efficiency that work in one country can easily be replicated in the Caribbean, where the harsh environment of constant heat, humidity and fast corrosion due to the saltwater air can actually make those approaches almost worthless, he said.
But it goes well beyond the energy sector, Konold said. The problem "is writ large for a lot of initiatives."
The money funneled from developed nations to the Caribbean also goes far beyond China and Grenada. Countries like South Korea and Venezuela are investing in the region as well, sometimes to recognize companion efforts or to gain favor in international forums.
Grenada might have a small population, but when the votes of five or 10 island states are added together in the United Nations, that can make a difference on issues sensitive to Beijing like human rights, Rush Doshi, a China analyst at the Long Term Strategy Group, said about China's interests in the region. While isolation of Taiwan was an important factor originally, China's Caribbean assistance now is driven by a desire to buy Caribbean influence at a bargain in a region of profound strategic importance to the United States, he said.
Two of the Grenada government bodies involved in the resettlement efforts in Soubise -- the Ministry of Social Development, Housing and Community Development and the Physical Planning Unit -- did not comment for this story.
Can mangroves help where apartments can't?
But Aria St. Louis, head of the environmental unit in the Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and Environment, emphasized that the country is working on various climate change policies that could have an impact on Soubise and other coastal areas, including development of a national coastal policy and a water mapping project that will help people locate critical water supplies after disasters (see related story).
She argued that Soubise residents also have a certain level of responsibility, considering that they have chosen to build on top of a beach.
"If people are trying to help you move, you help yourself as well," she said.
In a budget statement this month, Prime Minister Keith Mitchell said the government secured the assistance of China to complete housing infrastructure at Soubise and two other locations, with a goal of completion by June 2014. "Those houses were not built just to sit there as ornaments," Grenada Housing Minister Delma Thomas said in announcing a financing agreement with China in April.
But Buckmire of the Grenada Fund for Conservation said there have been similar promises in the past about housing completions from prior Grenada governments, and it's hard to know whether this time will be any different.
"I'll believe it when it happens," he said. Even if the houses become operational, it won't resolve the situation for everyone, he added. Relocation is more difficult now that the immediate post-Ivan momentum is gone.
In the meantime, an important part of the answer for Soubise is restoration of the ecosystem, Buckmire said. His organization is working with the Red Cross as a partner on the Nature Conservancy's "At the Water's Edge" project, which in part aims to fortify the coast near Soubise by planting mangroves. The government has been helpful in endorsing on-the-ground projects in general, he said.
Looking to the future
Ivan destroyed many of the country's mangroves, which not only act as a buffer against storms but filtrate water to protect sea grass beds and coral reefs, which in turn add more protection against storm surge.
There's no money for sea walls, and "they don't work after a while anyway," said Buckmire, standing in front of a bay where water has taken over much of a once-expansive beach because of former offshore dredging and sea-level rise. Squatters in the area regularly place makeshift walls of tires to keep out the sea that sink into the sand.
In the past three years, the Grenada Fund for Conservation has planted thousands of seedlings around the country to transform mangrove forests to their original states after they became dumping grounds of trash after Ivan's destruction.
Near Soubise, at Telescope Beach, the plan with At the Water's Edge is to plant up to 300 meters of shoreline with mangroves in the water this winter. When the mangroves grow, they also may provide a sheltered area eventually for fishermen to tie their boats to during incoming storms, which will minimize losses of equipment, Buckmire said.
After conducting a comprehensive survey of the community this year, the Red Cross found that community members did not have proper facilities to store boats in event of storm surge.
There are also preliminary discussions about an eventual mangrove island offshore Soubise to absorb wave energy, if money emerges for the concept.
"One of my biggest concerns is not a direct hit from a hurricane, but when we get the tail end of a storm," he said. When Hurricane Lenny hit far north of Grenada in 1999, the edge of the tail winds caused severe flooding, and "people were literally swept away eating lunch," he said.
The Nature Conservancy also is trying to build cohesion in the community so that people take ownership of their land. The organization is working with an architecture firm in Miami to outline ideas for a new building on stilts in the village that would provide a community hub, as well as a potential spot for boat storage, said Vera Agostini, a senior scientist at the Nature Conservancy.
A successful redesign of the village "may help them relocate. It may help push that conversation along," Agostini said.
Many of the decisions about who lives where in Grenada are made on a case-by-case basis, as there is not extensive zoning. Rules that do exist are not always enforced. A lot of the coastline is privately owned, and there is pressure for the government to make permitting decisions that bring in needed dollars, Buckmire noted.
Charles said one of his biggest concerns for Soubise is that if relocation occurs, the land would eventually be sold off to a developer who might build a hotel or a marina. It's one reason, he said, why the partners in the At the Water's Edge project are spending months holding community meetings and involving locals in the mangrove plantings to ensure the community guides the process.
After all, Charles said, people don't want children "cursing their parents 10 years from now" about the land they gave up.


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KEXP Reviews
|Browse by one of the following:
- (Crunchy Frog)
This Danish band debuts with an impressive 8-song mini-album of buzzing, melodic indie-rock. You can hear bits of the Jesus and Mary Chain, the Velvet Underground, Suicide and Sonic Youth in their sound, but they have their own distinctive vocal style, blending icy cool, male-female dual lead vocals, and better yet, a strong batch of tight-as-a-drum indie-pop tunes. 11/15/2002 - Don Yates
Other Raveonettes album reviews:
Pe'ahi - 7/25/2014
Lust Lust Lust - 2/8/2008
Pretty in Black - 4/13/2005
Chain Gang of Love - 8/15/2003


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BYU Rugby
MARIETTA, Ga. — The No. 8 Cougars traveled to No. 2 Life University for the D1-A rugby semifinal and beat the Mid-South champions 26-20 to advance to their 7th straight national championship game next Saturday at Rio Tinto Stadium.
In a very physical and tactical match, BYU took an early lead and held on late to beat a strong Life team on their field.
After being down 26-5, the Running Eagles clawed their way back into the game on back of two tries by All American No. 8 Cameron Dolan and flanker Andrew McNeil.
With an additional penalty goal by fullback Joe Cowley, Life was on the verge of coming back in the final quarter of the game.
But BYU, who played the majority of the game in their own half, would regain possession and hold on to the ball to run out the clock and win the game following the clearing kick from center Paul Lasike.
The Cougars started the game fast from an early try from prop Ray Forrester in the 4th minute. A tough angled conversion by scrumhalf Shaun Davies had BYU leading 7-0 in Marietta.
Life would come back quickly with a chip kick that bounced back into the arms of Cowley who then passed to a supporting scrum half Cornelius Dirksen who scored Life's opening try in the 10th minute. BYU would still lead 7-5 after the Life try was unconverted.
But as Life controlled more field position and possession the BYU defense was committed and repelled the Life attack on more than one occasion.
Eventually the BYU defensive patience led to three tries from the Cougars that would prove the difference in the game.
The first came from fly half Dylan Lubbe who intercepted a Life pass to sprint the remaining 60 meters for the try. And the remaining two were from center Paul Lasike manufacturing a duo of tries late in the first half.
BYU will face a familiar foe in Arkansas State, which reached its first-ever national title bout.
UVU Baseball
At Old Westbury, N.Y., Preston Olson dealt a two-hit shutout and set a new school record with 16 strikeouts to lead Utah Valley University to a 10-0 win and a doubleheader sweep at NYIT, extending the nation's longest winning streak to 31 games.
Olson's dominating performance in the second game of the twin bill came after the Wolverines (38-11, 23-0 GWC) nearly saw the streak end in Game 1. In the seven-inning opener, UVU scored twice in the top of the seventh to pick up a come-from-behind win, 4-3.
Goose Kallunki, who was out of the lineup battling back spasms, delivered a pinch-hit, game-tying single in the seventh and came in to score the winning run on a double by Jake Rickenbach. The Bears had the tying run at third with two outs in the bottom of the seventh but Taylor Mangum struck out Sebastian Grazziani to end it.
NYIT did all of its scoring on a three-run home run from Michael Fermin in the first inning and nearly rode that to the upset win.
Willie Pratt's two-out double in the second brought home two runs before the Wolverines found themselves down a run entering the final frame. Taylor Berg got the inning started with an infield single and moved to second on a throwing error. Cole Butcher then pinch ran for Berg and scored on Kallunki's single.
Berg and Rickenbach both had two hits for UVU while Mangum picked up the win and moved to 4-0 after throwing two scoreless frames.
In game two, three different players homered for Utah Valley behind the gem from Olson. Alex Exon hit a two-run shot in the second inning before Sean Moysh's solo homer and a two-run blast from Austin Heaps anchored a five-run third.
Olson was perfect into the fifth inning before a one-out double by Grazziani became the first hit and base runner of the game for the Bears.
UVU tacked on two more runs in the sixth to lead 9-0 before Heaps doubled home Moysh in the eighth to push the lead to 10-0.
Olson worked through a leadoff walk and an infield single in the eighth, striking out the side to end the game in eight via the 10-run rule. The shutout is the team's second of the series and seventh of the season. It's also the second time an individual UVU starter has shut out an opposing team this season.
The series concludes Sunday with a 10 a.m. MT first pitch.
Utah Baseball
At Salt Lake City, a two-out, two-RBI single from Jo Jo Sharrar lifted the Utah baseball team to a 4-3 extra-inning win over Oregon State.
Oregon State broke a 2-2 tie in the top of the 11th inning with a two-out RBI single from Max Gordon, scoring pinch-runner Ryan Dettman. Although OSU would load the bases, reliever Nick Green got Michael Conforto to strike out and end the inning.
In the bottom of the 11th, Tyler Relf and Parker Morin hit back-to-back singles to start off the inning. Both moved over on a sacrifice bunt from Shaun Cooper. Trey Nielsen was intentionally walked to load the bases before Sharrar hit a single through the right side that just got past diving second baseman John Tommasini and scored Relf and Morin, giving the Utes the win.
Morin had two hits to lead Utah at the plate. Green earned his first career win on the mound after entering in the 11th inning. Joe Pond earned the start, allowing two runs and five hits over six innings with three strikeouts. Tyler Wagner threw four innings and allowed one run on five hits. Kesley Kondo also pitched part of the seventh inning.
Oregon State (31-17, 12-11 Pac-12) struck first with a run in the second inning. Ryan Dunn walked to lead off the inning, moving to third after Kalvin Keyes doubled to right center before scoring on a sacrifice fly off the bat of Danny Hayes.
The Utes (13-34, 7-19 Pac-12) got on the board in the bottom of the fifth. Nielsen scored on a Cory Hunt single after walking to lead off the inning. Utah would leave the bases loaded.
The Beavers took the lead in the seventh, with Hayes scoring on a sacrifice fly after leading off the inning with a double. Utah scored the equalizer in the eighth on an RBI double by Morin to score Relf.
OSU had two hits in the 10th inning but Utah got out of the inning with the help of a heads-up play and catching Conforto between bases.
Oregon State starter Jace Fry pitched nine innings, allowing two runs on four hits with six strikeouts. Tony Bryant got the loss after entering in the 10th inning. OSU out-hit Utah 10-7.
Utah and Oregon State play game three of the series on Sunday at noon MT.
BYU Baseball
At Malibu, Calif., Pepperdine came from behind again to defeat the Cougars (19-24, 7-11 WCC), completing a sweep with an 8-7 victory.
Pepperdine (28-19, 12-6) used a four-run sixth inning to chase Cougar starter Adam Miller from the game and take an 8-6 lead.
SUU Baseball
At Cedar City, the T-Birds came up just short in an 11-9 defeat to visiting South Dakota State.
The Thunderbirds (17-31, 11-8) fell behind early after the visiting Jackrabbits jumped out to a 4-0 lead on a three-run home run from shortstop Eric Cain in the top of the third. SUU second baseman David Ricker led off the bottom half of the inning with a triple before coming in to score on a wild pitch to make the count 4-1.
South Dakota State (16-31-1, 5-12) got another run on an RBI double from Beau Hanowski in the following inning to push its lead back to four, but the Thunderbirds answered with a pair of runs in the bottom of the fifth to trim the deficit to 5-3. Marcus Romero grounded into a fielder's choice to bring in a run and Chase Rezac added an RBI double down the left-field line to bring Southern Utah within two.
The Jacks put together another big inning in the top of the seventh as first baseman Aaron Machbitz hit the second three-run home run of the day for his team as part of a five-run inning that saw South Dakota State take a 10-3 lead.
The T-Birds battled back in the bottom half of the frame as the first two batters safely reached base. Rezac then drove a pitch over the left field wall for a three-run blast that pulled SUU within four. Then after the Thunderbirds had loaded the bases, Ricker put a ball down the right-field line for a two RBI single. Bo Cuthbertson drove in another run with a groundout RBI to pull the team within a single run, but SDSU reliever DJ Moore would end the inning with a strikeout to help the Jackrabbits hold onto a 10-9 lead.
South Dakota State added an insurance run in the top of the ninth and Moore held the Thunderbirds scoreless over the final two frames to help his team come away with an 11-9 victory.
Rezac's fifth home run of the year helped the SUU slugger finish the day 3-for-5 at the plate with four RBIs and a run scored. Machbitz went 4-for-5 for the Jackrabbits with three RBIs and also scored a run.
Senior pitcher Joe Karlik (2-3) took the loss for the Thunderbirds after allowing nine runs in 62/3 innings. South Dakota State starter Adam Bray (3-3) picked up the win while giving up six scores in six innings.
Region 18 Baseball
At Taylorsville, the top seeded Bruins (43-8) won the title with a 6-5 comeback win over Western Nevada. Down three heading into the ninth inning, the Bruins rallied to score four runs and win in walk-off fashion. The Bruins will host a District Playoff next weekend at Cate Field.
Ruddy Acosta pitched seven innings, allowing five hits while Aaron Robbs picked up the win. Dominique Taylor was 3 for 5 with three RBIs and was named tournament MVP. Kennedy Kinkade was the hero of the game, hitting a two-run double in the ninth. Kinkade finished the game 2 for 5 with two RBIs.
BYU Softball
At Las Cruces, N.M., the Cougars won the WAC title with an 8-3 win over Fresno State. Shelbi Everett, Katie Manuma and Tiffany Messerschmidt had two RBIs apiece to lead BYU.
Utah Softball
At Salt Lake City, in her last game at Ute Field, senior third baseman Whitney Holm connected on a pair of homers, but the Utes came up short against No. 15 Stanford, 12-9.
There were four lead changes during the game as Utah (28-28, 2-22 Pac-12) pounded eight hits on the day, led by a 3-for-4 effort, four-RBI effort by Holm, who cracked her ninth and 10th homers of the year. Holm had 38 homers over her career, which stands third in school history and is fourth in school history with 133 RBIs.
In her final outing at Ute Field, senior Generra Nielson struck out six in 62/3 innings of work. She did not allow a hit through 31/3 innings to the Cardinal. Unfortunately, Nielson was credited with the loss and ended 2012 with a 21-18 record and was 42-30 for her career. She extended her school single-season strikeout record to 294 this season. Nielson finished fourth in school history with 492 strikeouts in two seasons with the Utes.
Region 18 Softball
At Taylorsville, the Bruins (55-7) claimed the title with a 10-4 win over Southern Idaho.
Salt Lake fell down early in the game with Southern Idaho striking in the first inning off a pair of SLCC errors. However the Bruins would settle down and take the lead in the fourth with a six run inning. Ariel Zimmerman got the win, going five innings striking out four; MaCauley Flint got the save, going two innings with three K's. Meagan Neilson blasted a three-run home run in the sixth inning to put Salt Lake up six with three outs remaining. Maddy Woodard finished the game 3 for 4 with three RBIs.
UVU Softball Awards
The Pacific Coast Softball Conference handed out its annual postseason awards and two Wolverines made the first team, two more made the second and four more were honorable mention selections.
Landing on the All-PCSC Mountain Division First Team from UVU were junior pitcher Tiffany Mills and freshman catcher/designated player Jamie North. Freshman pitcher Cassie Herrera and junior outfielder Marie Williams were also named to the second team. The conference honor for all four is their first as all our newcomers in Orem this season.
Honorable mention selections for the Wolverines also included junior shortstop Krystin Jachim, senior first baseman Amanda Perez, senior catcher Deianna Russell and freshman second baseman Jessica Uresti.
The All-Mountain Division team and individual award winners were voted on by the six head coaches in the PCSC Mountain Division and were selected solely on their play in PCSC games only. The PCSC began divisional play in 2010 and names an all-division team for both the Coastal and Mountain Divisions.
Mills (Riverside, Calif.) has had a tremendous season in Orem as the pitcher has set numerous school records in her first year as a Wolverine. She broke the single-season mark for wins in a season as she currently has 16 (16-16), earned run average (2.57), shutouts (4), complete games (23) and saves (8). Mills also has pitched over 200 innings this year (209.2), struck out 140 batters, started 33 games, and opponents are hitting just .240 off her.
North (Placentia, Calif.) has had an outstanding freshman season for UVU as she earned first team accolades after leading the Wolverines in hitting in PCSC-only play with a .356 average. For the entire season she is batting a team-high .313 with three homers, nine doubles, a triple and 16 RBIs.
Herrera (Santa Clarita, Calif.) earned second team honors after she has been solid in the circle for the Wolverines during her freshman campaign. For the season Herrera is 8-6 with a 3.86 ERA. The right-hander has started 19 games, pitched four complete contests and two shutouts. In conference-only play she was even better as she was 3-2 with a 2.62 ERA in eight starts.
Williams (Delta, British Columbia) was second on the team in hitting in conference-only play in 2012 with a .346 batting average. The slap-hitter also scored nine runs and drove home three more. Overall the centerfielder is hitting .268 with 25 runs scored, 10 RBIs, seven stolen bases and four assists.
Portland State junior right-hander Anna Bertrand was a unanimous choice for the Mountain Division Pitcher of the Year, while Idaho State junior pitcher
Infielder Amanda Fitzsimmons and Weber State senior third baseman Lyndsey Minnich were named Mountain Division co-Players of the Year.
Portland State freshman shortstop Alicia Fine was named Freshman of the Year and Viking head coach Tobin Echo-Hawk garnered her third straight Mountain Division Coach of the Year Award after she led PSU to the division title. It was also Echo-Hawk's fourth consecutive Coach of the Year award as she was named the PCSC Coach of the Year in 2009 before divisional play began in 2010.
UVU, who failed to qualify for the PCSC championship series that will take place in Moraga, Calif. this weekend, will instead play at the Great West Conference Championships in Farmers Branch, Texas beginning Sunday. The top-seeded Wolverines will begin the tournament by taking on fourth-seeded North Dakota Sunday at 9 a.m. MT.
First Team
Pos. Player Yr. School
C Bubba Morrow FR Seattle
1B Karmen Holladay** SR Portland State
2B Melissa Marcovecchio FR Northern Colorado
3B Lyndsey Minnich -! SR Weber State
SS Alicia Fine FR Portland State
OF Lindsey Smith JR Northern Colorado
OF Sarah Petosa SO Seattle
OF Jenna Krogh** SR Portland State
UTL Jamie North FR Utah Valley
P-UTL Amanda Fitzsimmons JR Idaho State
P Anna Bertrand*** -! JR Portland State
P Tiffany Mills JR Utah Valley
Second Team
Pos. Player Yr. School
C Vicky Galasso FR Idaho State
1B Lisa Maulden FR Seattle
2B Becky Simonsen JR Idaho State
3B Brianna Guerrero SO Seattle
SS Brooke Silva SO Weber State
OF Erika James-Dixon SR Weber State
OF Marie Williams JR Utah Valley
OF Erin Geddis SR Northern Colorado
UTL Cydnee Clark FR Weber State
P-UTL Sarah Clark SR Weber State
P Mandie Sugita SO Seattle
P Cassie Herrera FR Utah Valley
Honorable Mention: Crysta Conn (SO, 3B), Portland State; Janel Cunningham (FR, C), Weber State; Mikayla Duffy (FR, P
UTL), Northern Colorado; Ashley Huddleston (SO, 1B), Weber State; Krystin Jachim (JR, SS), Utah Valley; Gabby Lopez (FR, UTL), Idaho State; Carly McEachran (JR, 2B), Portland State; Symbree Minniear (SR, 2B), Weber State; Alex Neely (SR, UTL), Northern Colorado; Amanda Perez (SR, 1B), Utah Valley; Deianna Russell (SR, C), Utah Valley; Jessica Uresti (FR, 2B), Utah Valley
CO-PLAYERS OF THE YEAR: Amanda Fitzsimmons (JR, P
UTL), Idaho State; Lyndsey Minnich (SR, 3B), Weber State
PITCHER OF THE YEAR: Anna Bertrand -! (JR), Portland State
FRESHMAN OF THE YEAR: Alicia Fine (SS), Portland State
COACH OF THE YEAR: Tobin Echo-Hawk, Portland State
* - Number of first-team selections
! – Unanimous selection.
# - Tie
WSU Softball
After helping guide Weber State to one of the most successful seasons in its history, senior third baseman Lyndsey Minnich has been named as the Pacific Coast Softball Conference's Mountain Division Player of the Year.
Minnich, a 5-foot-8 senior from Kennewick, Wash., set six single-season records and three career records for the Purple and White this season, etching her name in the Wildcats' record books for years to come.
Minnich shares the award, which is voted upon by the six coaches in the Mountain Division, with Idaho State pitcher/utility Amanda Fitzimmons.
Minnich earned unanimous first team honors on the All-Pacific Coast Mountain Division Team, while senior right-hander/utility Sarah Clark, senior outfielder Erika James-Dixon, sophomore shortstop Brooke Silva and freshman utility player Cydnee Clarke were named to the second team. Senior second baseman Symbree Minniear, sophomore first baseman Ashley Huddleston and freshman catcher Janel Cunningham were named honorable mention, giving the Wildcats eight All-Division honorees.
In conference play Minnich hit .453 with five home runs and 13 RBId as Weber State went into the final weekend of the season in the hunt for the Mountain Division title. She had a .613 on-base percentage and a .830 slugging percentage during conference play. Minnich was also walked 11 times and hit-by-pitch 11 times during PCSC action as teams struggled to contain her explosive offensive ability. Overall in 53 games, she batted .396 with 15 home runs and 49 RBI, ranking second in the PCSC in home runs and third in batting average and RBI. She had an on-base percentage of .521 and a slugging percentage of .772 as she touched 115 total bases.
Minnich set single-season records in batting average, hits, home runs, total bases, runs scored and RBIs, and career records in home runs, total bases and RBIs.
Clark, 5-foot-6 senior from Springville, Utah, hit .389 with 56 hits and 31 RBIs, and was 16-14 with a 3.53 ERA and a single-season school record 153 strikeouts.
James-Dixon, a 5-foot-7 senior from Montpelier, Idaho, hit .311 with 55 hits and 25 stolen bases. She is the PCSC's all-time career leader in stolen bases with 60 in just two seasons.
Silva, a 5-foot-5 sophomore from Sparks, Nev., hit .317 with 51 hits and 31 RBIs.
Clarke, a 5-foot-9 freshman from North Ogden, Utah, hit .297 with 35 hits and 20 RBIs.
Minniear, a 5-foot-7 senior from Murray, Utah, hit .319 with 46 hits and 23 RBIs, while Cunningham, a 5-foot-6 freshman from Mira Loma, Calif., hit .303 with 44 hits and 32 RBI, and Huddleston, a 5-foot-6 sophomore from North Las Vegas, Nev., had 12 hits and eight RBIs, despite missing part of the season due to injury.
Portland State junior Anna Bertrand was the Mountain Division Pitcher of the Year. Vikings shortstop Alicia Fine was named Freshman of the Year, and PSU coach Tobin Echo-Hawk was named Coach of the Year.
Utah Track
At Eugene, Ore., Amanda Mergaert finished third in the group and seventh overall in the 1,500 meters with a time of 4:22.97. Her performance qualifies for the final round.
In the 800 meters, Rosalie Griffin qualified for the final round with a sixth-place performance. Griffin earned second in her heat, setting a personal-best time of 2:08.98. Freshmen Andrea Chavez (2:11.58) and Ali Eisenbeiss (2:11.93) finished 15th and 16th places respectively for the Utes.
The 100m hurdles featured junior Angela Kaplar getting off to a good start. Kaplar fired out of the blocks and looked very solid over the first four hurdles, however she clipped the fifth hurdle costing valuable time. She would end up finishing with a time of 14.06 seconds for 13th, falling shy of qualifying for the final round.
Stephanie Jolley has continued to impress this season as she has improved in every race throughout the second half of the outdoor season. Saturday was no exception; Jolley clocked a new career-best 400-meter hurdles time of 58.73 seconds finishing third in her heat. Jolleys performance earned seventh overall and qualified her for the finals.
Junior Anneli Stahl got the Utes off to a solid start in the womens hammer throw. After recording a foul on her first throw, Stahl posted her best mark of 173-06 on the second attempt capturing 11th place overall. Teammate Nikkie Rudder threw a top mark of 165-0 on her first attempt finishing 14th in the event.
In the shot put, two Utah athletes qualified for the final round. Nikkie Rudder finished first for the Utes and seventh overall with a throw of 46-02.50 feet earning two team points. Candus Aiello posted an eighth-place performance with a mark of 45-08.50 feet capturing one team point. Rudder and Aiello become the first Utah athletes to score team points in throwing events.
The 400-meter dash showcased Lauryn McKay earning fourth in her heat and 20th overall with a time of 56.17 seconds.
Freshman Kaitlin Urmston led the team in the javelin throw. Urmston posted her top mark on the first attempt with a throw of 135-02. Her mark earned 11th overall. Struggling last week in the javelin throw during the heptathlon, Senior Brianna LeRoy improved by seven feet on Saturday recording a throw of 115-8 feet for 19th place.
LeRoy also led the team in the womens long jump. Qualifying for the final round, LeRoy finished the day in eighth with a jump of 19-07 on her third attempt. With her performance, LeRoy earned one team point, bringing her total to three team points thus far at the Pac-12 Conference Championships.
SUU Track
At FARGO, N.D., Southern Utah University men's track & field missed out on a triple crown season, finishing third at the Summit League Outdoor Track & Field Championships. The Thunderbirds had already captured cross country and indoor track & field titles this season, but finished behind North Dakota State (216) and South Dakota (113.5) in their final Summit League championship.
Southern Utah athletes captured five individual titles, including a pair from Cameron Levins and Preston Myers, with Levins earning men's track MVP honors.
Levins stood atop the podium in the men's 1,500- and 5,000-meter races with first-place times of 3:53.13 and 14:43.01, respectively. The senior narrowly missed out on his fourth individual title of the championships in the men's 800 meters, finishing third with a time of 1:51.39. Levins was joined in the top five of the men's 5K by teammates Clinton Rhoton (14:51.77) and Ryan Barrus (14:54.42) who finished third and fourth, respectively.
Myers captured his titles in the men's 100- and 200-meter races, besting his nearest competitor by two-tenths of a second and recording season-best times in each race with first-place finishes of 10.56 and 21.30, respectively.
Southern Utah's final title of the day came in the men's triple jump as Alex Anderson leaped 48-05.25 for the gold medal.
The women's team earned a bronze medal finish. The Thunderbirds finished behind North Dakota State (193) and South Dakota (164), but concluded the final day of competition with two more individual titles to bring that total to five for the three day weekend.
Kayla Kovar picked up her third individual title of the championship, taking the women's discus with a toss of 164-10. Kovar swept each of the throwing events during the championships with the exception of the javelin, earning the sophomore women's field MVP honors.
Diana Medina-Mitchell also picked up her second individual title of the weekend with a first-place finish in the women's 5,000 meters, crossing the finish line in 16:52.05. She was joined in the top five by a pair of teammates as Jamie Smith finished just behind her in second place with a time of 17:01.28 and Sylvia Bedford finished fifth with a time of 17:18.49.
The Thunderbird women also recorded four scoring finishes in the 1,500 meters with Danielle West leading the way with a third-place finish of 4:29.83. Smith was right at her heels in fourth place with a time of 4:30.03 and Kaylee Coates (4:32.27) and Medina-Mitchell (4:32.58) wrapped up the scoring finishes in seventh and eighth place, respectively. Coates later returned in the women's 800 meters and finished fifth with a time of 2:21.66.
Jasmine Mullins had a second-place finish in the women's 100-meter hurdles, crossing the finish line in 14.01.
WSU Track
At Bozeman, Mont., the Wildcats ended up in third place with 100 points at the Big Sky championships. Northern Arizona ran away with the meet, rolling up 221 points. Host Montana State was second with 164.
On Saturday, the 'Cats had three individual career bests, two of them which made the WSU all-time top 10 list, and a solid showing in both relays.
Tyler McBee led the way, winning the 400-meter intermediate hurdles in a season-best time of 51.90, and had a second-place finish in the 110-meter hurdles in a career-best time of 14.7, which ties him for the fifth best time in WSU men's outdoor track and field history. He also ran on both relay teams which finished second, earning him all-Conference honors in four different events.
Chris Struckman earned all-Conference honors with a third-place finish in the 100-meter dash. Struckman's time of 10.61 ties him with Jody Marshall for the sixth fastest time in WSU men's history. He also earned all-Conference honors on the 4x100-meter relay team, which finished second in 40.93.
Mike Hardy earned all-Conference honors in the 1,500-meter run with a third-place finish time of 3:54.23.
Zach Parry finished his career with a third-place finish in the hammer throw, earning all-Conference honors, with a toss of 187-07.00.
The 4x400-meter relay team of Christian Barbiero, Dustin Durfee, McBee and Matt White, ran the fifth-best time in WSU men's outdoor track and field history with in a time of 3:10.36. Barbiero, Durfee and White each earned all-Conference honors. Barbiero, White, McBee and Struckman posted a season-best time of 40.93, finishing second and earning all-Conference honors.
In the women's 4x100-meter relay, senior Kristin Billings suffered a hamstring injury after taking the first baton handoff. The team did not finish. Billings, one of the top 100- and 200-meter runners in the Big Sky, was set to run in the finals of both events. She was also a part of the 4x400-meter relay team as well.
The Wildcats finished fourth with 97 points. Sacramento State won its fifth straight outdoor title with 173 points. Montana State was second with 121.50, and Northern Arizona third with 107.
Amber Henry was named the women's outstanding meet performer. She set meet records and stadium records, winning the 1,500-meter run (4:22.26).
Sarah Callister put her name in the Big Sky Conference record books, becoming the first women's athlete in Big Sky Conference history to win both the 10,000-meter run and 5,000-meter run three straight years. She won the 5,000-meter run in 17:01.35.
The only other Wildcat to earn all-Conference honors on the women's side was junior Laken Hintze. She finished third in the 1,500 meters in a time of 4:27.99.
UVU Track
At Humble, Texas, the Wolverines' men's and women's outdoor track & field teams brought home their fourth consecutive Great West Conference titles.
The women's team ran away with the meet as it finished almost 150 points ahead of second-place North Dakota with 292.5 points. UND placed second with 146, followed by Houston Baptist (131), Texas-Pan American (114), Seattle (49), Cal State Bakersfield (27), NJIT (21.5) and Chicago State (16).
The men's team won its title by finishing 40 points ahead of second-place Houston Baptist with 185.5 points. HBU posted 145 points for second place and was followed by UND (126), Seattle (87), CSUB (85), UTPA (83), NJIT (56) and CSU (41.5).
McKell Camp-Nielson brought home Female Performance of the Meet accolades after she won the javelin by setting a new school record and moving up to 14th in the nation (collegiately) and 24th in the U.S. overall with a throw of 166-11. Coach Scott Houle was also named both the men's and women's GWC Coach of the Year once again, as well. Top Zandrea Nelson won both the 200-meter dash (24.21) and the 400 (54.97), Shelise Walker won the 800 meters (2:11.56) and placed third in the 1,500 meters (4:32.48), and Aleina Eisenhauer-Winger as she won the 5,000 (17:26.13) and placed second in both the 800 meters (2:12..83) and 1,500 meters (4:29.33).
Ivie Gonsalves brought home another title for UVU in the women's 3,000-meter steeplechase with a time of 11:07.94, while teammate Jessica Wilding placed third (11:29.88). The Wolverine women also placed second in both the 4x100- and the 4x400-meter relays with times of 46.86 and 3:47.27 respectively.
Autumn Robertson led Utah Valley in both the high jump and long jump as she tied for first in the high jump (5-03) and took third in the long jump (17-09.50). Maryn Pincock also won both the discus (159-02) and the shot put (45.10) as she was UVU's top thrower at the meet.
On the men's side, Nicholas Taylor led UVU in the sprints as he placed second in both the 100 meters (10.47) and 200 meters (21.22), while Cliff Nielson led the Wolverines in the distance events by winning the 5,000 meters (15:18.86) and placing second in the 1,500 meters (3:53.22). Tim Rowberry also finished in third place in both the 800 meters (1:53.70) and the 1,500 meters (3:54.46).
In the hurdles, Drew Clarke took second in the 400 meters (54.77) and fourth in the 110 meters (15.12), while Chris Dorton led UVU in the 3,000-meter steeplechase by placing third (9:50:67).
Ty Rosser placed second for the Wolverines in the high jump (6-04.75) and Rusty Jones came in third by jumping just two inches less than Rosser (6-02.75).
Mark Jones led the UVU men in the throwing events as he placed third in the javelin (183-04) and fourth in the shot put (50-07.25).


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'What would you do?': Te'o admits briefly lying
US football star Manti Te'o has admitted that he lied briefly about the existence of his girlfriend in the days after he discovered that, in fact, she did not exist and he had been the victim of a cruel online hoax.
In his first televised interview since the scandal broke last week, Te'o, 21, claimed he played no part in fabricating the existence of Lennay Kekua, a woman who he had never physically met but communicated with on the phone and online, and who he believed he was in a relationship with.
The star Notre Dame linebacker claims that someone using the fictitious name Lennay Kekua ingratiated herself with him online, and then conspired with others to lead him to believe that she had tragically died of cancer. The story of his cancer-stricken girlfriend, and Te'o's performance on the field in the face of adversity, became an essential part of his personal narrative.
Te'o said he learned that he had been duped on December 6, when he received a phone call from Kekua, three months after she had supposedly died.
But two days later, on December 8, Te'o again publicly mentioned his girlfriend as he was named as a finalist for the Heisman Trophy, the award for the best college football player in the US.
In a taped interview with Katie Couric of ABC News, due to be broadcast in the US on Thursday, Te'o admitted he had lied briefly but urged others to "put yourself in my situation".
"I, my whole world told me that she died on September 12," he said.
"Everybody knew that. This girl, who I committed myself to, died on September 12.
"Now I get a phone call on December 6, saying that she's alive and then I'm going be put on national TV two days later. And to ask me about the same question. You know, what would you do?"
Te'o's parents, Brian and Ottilia, were also interviewed, and his father disputed that Te'o had manipulated the situation for personal gain.
"People can speculate about what they think he is," Brian Te'o said, with tears in his eyes.
"I've known him 21 years of his life. And he's not a liar. He's a kid."
I've known him 21 years of his life. And he's not a liar. He's a kid.
Diane O'Meara, the woman whose image was stolen and used as the face of Kekua, this week said she had no idea who the football star was until her photograph was thrust into the spotlight.
She said her photos were taken from her Facebook account by a former high school classmate, Ronaiah Tuiasosopo, the alleged perpetrator of the hoax.
"Ronny has called and not only confessed, but he has also apologised. I don't think there's anything he could say to me that would fix this," the 23-year-old marketing executive from Los Angeles said.
Tuiasosopo, a 22-year-old from California who also knows Te'o, has not publicly admitted his involvement in the hoax.
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One of the more interesting, and sadly overlooked, stories to emerge from HBGary's email server (a fine example to its customers of how NOT to secure their own email systems) was a military project - dubbed Operation Metal Gear by Anonymous for lack of an official title - designed to manipulate social media. The main aims of the project were two fold: Firstly, to allow a lone operator to control multiple false virtual identities, or "sockpuppets". This would allow them to infiltrate discussions groups, online polls, activist forums, etc and attempt to influence discussions or paint a false representation of public opinion using the highly sophisticated sockpuppet software. The second aspect of the project was to destroy the concept of online anonymity, essentially attempting to match various personas and accounts to a single person through recognition shared of writing styles, timing of online posts, and other factors. This, again, would be used presumably against any perceived online opponent or activist. HBGary Federal was just one of several companies involved in proposing software solutions for this project. Another company involved was Booz Allen Hamilton. Anonymous has been investigating them for some time, and has uncovered all sorts of other shady practices by the company, including potentially illegal surveillance systems, corruption between company and government officials, warrantless wiretapping, and several other questionable surveillance projects. All of this, of course, taking place behind closed doors, free from any public knowledge or scrutiny.
@MonsatoCo is now suing small dairy farmers for advertising that they use no growth hormones. For NOT using their product.
We're going to hit @MonsantoCo with something a little bit more serious than a DDoS this time around. Fuck 'em. #ExpectUs
Over the last 2 months we have pushed the exposure of hundreds of pages of articles detailing Monsanto's corrupt, unethical, and downright evil business practices. We've created a nice go-to reference guide on piratepad/anonpad(anonpad.org/opmonsanto, backed up elsewhere), where anyone can read up on and add their own info about MonsantoCo.We blasted their web infrastructure to shit for 2 days straight, crippling all 3 of their mail servers as well as taking down their main websites world-wide. We dropped dox on 2500+ employees and associates, including full names, addresses, phone numbers, and exactly where they work. We are also in the process of setting up a wiki, to try and get all collected information in a more centralized and stable environment. Not bad for 2 months, I'd say.What's next? Not sure... it might have something to do with that open 6666 IRC port on their nexus server though ;)Expect Us


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BOK Financial Corp. (BOKF) Senior Chairman-Bank of Texas C Fred Jr Ball sells 2,798 Shares
Posted by: insider (IP Logged)
Date: December 23, 2011 11:22AM
Senior Chairman-Bank of Texas of BOK Financial Corp. (BOKF) C Fred Jr Ball sells 2,798 shares of BOKF on 12/22/2011 at an average price of $55.82 a share.
Bok Financial Corp. has a market cap of $3.8 billion; its shares were traded at around $55.95 with a P/E ratio of 13.9 and P/S ratio of 2.8. The dividend yield of Bok Financial Corp. stocks is 2.4%. Bok Financial Corp. had an annual average earning growth of 0.2% over the past 10 years.
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There's a new website in beta called mysewingcircle.com where you can log all of your quilts and people can see them. It's new so there aren't a ton of members yet, but come check it out :)
p.s. I'm not affiliated with them in any way; just trying to spread the word because the more members we have, the more quilts we can all look at and talk about :)


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Morrilton ran a misdirection, option read play with 15 seconds left in the game and quarterback Armondo Palacios took the ball 63 yards for a touchdown to extend the lead to 36-12.
Both defenses handled their offensive counterparts and the Devil Pups forced the first major mistake when they stripped Chase Bicanovsky at the Morrilton 47 and recovered the fuimble.
Russellville (0-5) held the Devil Pups on fourth-and-6 at the Whirlwind 21, but the ensuing drive went nowhere. Peyton Duffield kicked a decent punt, but a running into the kicker penalty advanced the ball five yards. On his next attempt, Duffield boomed a punt 32 yards and the Morrilton returner dropped the ball. Chace Kelly pounced on it at the Devil Pup 22.
Facing third-and-11 at the 23, Drake Adams threw behind Duffield where Ryan Kordsmeier intercepted the ball and raced 67 yards to the Whirlwind 21. A personal foul gave the Devil Pups first-and-10 at the 11, and Palacios found Jacob Maxwell in the right side of the end zone for a score. The 2-point try was no good and Morrilton led 6-0.
Russellville got the ball back at its 7, but a three-and-out forced another Duffield punt, which traveled 39 yards to the Devil Pup 49.
Four plays later, Palacios found Zac Stobaugh for a 30-yard TD strike and a 12-0 lead.
The Whirlwinds got the ball back with 1:07 left in the half, and disaster again appeared to strike when Stobaugh picked off a Adams pass and returned it 42 yards for a touchdown. But the score was waved off for a roughing the passer penalty that gave Russellville new life and a first down at midfield.
Adams found Duffield for 8 yards, but the receiver tossed the ball on a lateral to Bicanovsky who ran down to the 12, a gain of 38 yards.
Three plays later, Adams found Jack Massey across the middle for a touchdown as the horn sounded on the first half. The 2-point conversion attempt was no good, and Morrilton took a 12-6 lead into halftime.
The Devil Pups opened the second half with a quick strike as Mike Pirtle raced 61 yards down the sideline for a touchdown. The 2-point conversion made it 20-6 with 6:57 to play in the third quarter.
Morrilton struck again on the final play of the third when Palacios ran 43 yards for a TD. The 2-point conversion made it 28-6.
Russellville struck back when Corban Gotcher somehow found Bicanovsky who outran the defense for a 53-yard touchdown 1:13 later. Neither team scored again until the last-second score by Morrilton.
Russellville will be at Searcy next week.
West beats Greenbrier on road
GREENBRIER — The Russellville Junior High Westside Whirlwinds dominated on the road Thursday night as they beat the Panthers 36-12.
"Our offensive line really came together tonight," Head Coach Josh Edgin said. "They've been playing well, but they really gelled (last night) and we were able to run the ball in the second half."
Tony Jones had a huge night for the West Whirlwinds (4-1) as he rushed for 167 yards on just four carries (41.75 yards per carry) with two touchdowns. Jones had an interception return for a touchdown called back as well.
Co-Chese Temple-Laws had 56 yards rushing and a score, while Rhett Odle had 58 yards and a score. Quarterback Andy Campbell was 4 of 5 passing for 50 yards and a touchdown pass top Kentrell Scott.
Russellville West will host Beebe next week.


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New Hope for a Cure
Early detection is one of the best ways to cure Parkinson's Disease.By: Neal Hermanowicz, MD Medical Director, Phillip and Carol Traub Parkinson's Center, Eisenhower Medical Center
The uncertainty of the cause or causes of Parkinson's Disease is profoundly disappointing to anyone affected by the disease, either as a patient, a caregiver or family member. However, the good news is that progress is being made.
There are two ways that Parkinson's Disease could be cured. The first way depends upon the disease being detected very early, before it has progressed to the point that it actually causes symptoms. It is suspected the disease probably begins five to 10 years before any symptoms are apparent. It is during this silent period, when the brain changes are just beginning, that an opportunity to intervene exists – if the at-risk patient can be identified. This concept is already widely applied in medicine in terms of preventing other serious medical problems.
Efforts to slow down or stop the progression of Parkinson's Disease have been underway since the late 1980s, with some hints of limited success. Co-enzyme Q10 has shown some possible use in this regard, and other trials are currently underway. Unfortunately, we still do not know how to reliably identify people who may be at risk for getting Parkinson's Disease, but this is also being studied with some success.
A second method of curing Parkinson's Disease is to "remodel" the brain so that the changes that have already occurred are, to some extent, reversed. There have been two major and numerous minor trials to achieve this by implanting brain tissue taken from another source into the brains of people with Parkinson's Disease. Although neither trial was regarded as being successful, they were not complete failures either. Both studies demonstrated that the implanted tissue survives and makes dopamine, but the patients' symptoms did not substantially improve, and some of the participants developed new complications due to the transplanted tissue. This technique is no longer being studied in people, but remains of interest in the laboratory.
More interesting, and seemingly successful, has been the use of socalled trophic factors, substances that naturally occur in the body and encourage the health and survival of brain tissue - a sort of brain "fertilizer." The most studied in relationship to Parkinson's Disease is called glial derived neurotrophic growth factor, or GDNF for short. A report studying the effect of GDNF in a very small group of Parkinson's patients revealed some very exciting results. The GDNF seemed to restore some brain functions that had been lost, and measurements of brain activity that had been damaged by Parkinson's Disease showed improvement. This report has been of great interest to the Parkinson's physician/scientist community. A major difficulty was that the GDNF was given to the patients by means of a plastic tube inserted directly into the brain, and then the GDNF was pumped in continually in a slow fashion. One of the authors of this study has speculated that, instead of a tube and a pump, GDNF could be delivered into the brain by stem cells, genetically programmed to produce GDNF, and then implanted into the brain.
The quest to cure Parkinson's Disease is the central focus of the careers of many bright and industrious people. In the past 20 years, much has been learned, and the pace of learning is rapidly increasing. With hard work and some luck, the solution will surely come.
Support Groups Parkinson's Caregivers Support and Parkinson's Support groups meet the fourth Monday of every month, 3 to 4 p.m. Call 760-773-1480 for information.


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