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What is a blackhead exactly? And why are they black? Is it dirt?
No. It's not dirt. If you have blackheads, it does not mean you have a dirty face.
Exactly what is a blackhead?
A blackhead is an impaction made up of various oils and waxes made by your skin, mixed with skin cells that have died and have dislodged from the very top layer of your epidermis. The same top layer that makes up the surface of your skin lines your pores as well.
Just about every pore has a blackhead, some larger, some smaller, depending on the oil production level of the oil gland attached to that pore, and the level of dead skin cell production. As we age, we produce less oil and more dead skin cells.
Now, over time (not much), these two main substances, oil and dead skin cells, oxidize and change color. The oil gets yellow and the dead skin cells get a darker version of whatever color they were according to the melanin levels set forth by your DNA. It's actually the same mechanism as what happens when you leave a peeled apple out; the same chemical reaction. This is why they have a "black" top - - the longer they're around, the darker they get. So you see, their dark tips have nothing whatsoever to do with dirt. At. All.
A blackhead is scientifically called a Comedone. Some say Comedo. This is the root of the term "Non-Comedogenic", which means "won't cause Comedones", ie, won't cause blackheads. But what's the connection between comedones and breakouts?
Why do we get blackheads? Do they have a purpose?
Believe it or not, blackheads actually have to be there.
You see, the oil of your skin is acidic. With your skin having a lower pH, bacteria that fall from the air can't survive - it's one of the ways your skin protects your body. The oil and dead skin cell mix that make up blackheads allows your skin to always have a little oil staying around, making up a big part of the protective outer layer of your skin. More of this mix accumulates in the t-zone area in order to protect your eyes, nose and mouth.
Here's where it gets really interesting. The high pH of harsh cleansers cause the skin to need to rebalance itself, which it does by over-producing oil. Your skin wants to remain acidic.
This is huge, because old school logic has always had it that oil overproduction had to do with dryness, which meant all you had to do was apply moisturizer after cleansing. And yet excess oil was still a problem.
Rather, the issue is not loss of moisture, it's loss of acidity level! The solution, besides using a more gentle cleanser, is to use a slightly acidic toner after cleansing, and only then apply lotion.
The wrong kind of scrub can also prompt the skin to overproduce oil as a way of protecting it from being over-scratched. It's like the skin is trying to cause the grains to slide over it rather than scratch it.
With these two factors (which sometimes can occur at the same time, as in the case of the most popular brands of apricot scrub which have very harsh detergents along with the crushed apricot pits), there not only will be more blackhead material produced in response to all of this, but the slight inflammation that's inevitable occurs, which actually results in further darkening of the whole mix! Why? In addition to oxidation, which as stated above is what causes the darkening of the oil and dead skin cells, spilling additional skin pigment into areas of damage is one of the ways your skin works to repair itself. Talk about insult to injury!
So you see, the black "head" is actually oil plus dead skin cells hitting the air and turning dark brown, plus additional pigment when the skin needs to protect itself.
How can we get rid of them?
As you can see, blackheads do need to be there, but they don't have to be so noticeable. The best way to control them is to make sure the pH of your skin isn't thrown off by harsh cleansers and there isn't too much scrubbing. The best way to prevent them from becoming too dark is to include properly formulated, broad-spectrum multi-vitamin antioxidants and anti-inflammatories in your skin care routine.
Above all, hydration is required to keep blackheads from over-accumulating.
RULE OF THUMB: The more hydrated your skin is, the more pliable it is. The more pliable your skin is, the less it holds on to the oil that makes blackheads. Every blemish starts out as a microscopic blackhead.
How? The lining of your pore will collect substances that signal the body to come to your skin's rescue when it thinks this lining is getting too bothered. The oxidation and irritation that occur from harsh products actually creates more irritation. To quote Gregory House, MD, "The body is smart, but it's also stupid." Irritation leads to inflammation, creating swelling, redness and warmth. With enough of these three, if the swelling from all this gets bad enough, and oxygen runs out of the pore, it will create the perfect air-free, warm environment acne bacteria absolutely love. Most of the time, however, enough oxygen does get inside, which leaves us with just a nice, painful "undergrounder". Officially named a "papule", this bugger will not go away until the inflammation is cooled off and the fluid creating the swelling is absorbed back into the body.
Now, this describes all acne formation no matter what the person's age. What is relevant to adults aged 30s, 40s and 50s is the fact that the chance of pore clogging from anti-aging products making all this much, much worse, is extremely high. With fluctuations in oil production due to life changes, and various forms of stress, the chances that a blackhead will give way to a full-blown breakout go way up. If this sounds like you, we can easily do something about this!
Your acne problem has a source, and clearing your skin requires finding that source and either eliminating it or healing it. You can start that right now by filling out my Eval by Email® Online Skincare Consultation Form created specially for ages Gen-Y to Baby Boom!
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More and more corruption by the Democrats. They are filled up to the top with the corruption and they are not ashamed of that. In contrast, one of them- John Kerry- offered confirmation of his very own scandal.
In 2014, Kerry stated, "What we're talking about here is a multi-million dollar effort that will strengthen the capacity of healthcare workers to deliver lifesaving HIV services."
He continued, "[I]t will build on the Global Health Service Partnership with Peace Corps and Seed Global Health."
And what do you think? Where did the money went? Easy- no one else but his daughter.
Huge amount of DOS' money has been funneled through the Peace Corps to a nonprofit foundation started and run by Secretary of State John Kerry's daughter. They tried to deny this, claiming that Kerry had nothing to do with this decision, but that still doesn't make it legit.
It is clear that Kerry's daughter took the reward without any competition, meaning no one else had the opportunity to won. Can something like this be considered fair?
With the amount money we give the government in form of taxes, shouldn't we at least get the chance to fight and to try to get something in return?
This is the same party that says they don't need change and wonder why they lost the presidential election. Maybe the people will give them an opportunity

subset: commoncrawl


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Agent Direct News® has announced the addition of Melinda Brody, MIRM to their Speakers & Writers Bureau.
Click here to read more about Melinda Brody's new homes sales training published article in AgentDirectNews.com.
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Discounted tickets are available now!
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Continuous change is a constant i the ever-evolving landscape of the retail industry. APRCE 2017 Conference aims to keep you updated on the challenges and opportunities in today's changing market place. Internationally renowned retail practitioners and professors will be invited to speak on some of the following core retail topics, just to name a few:
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Accusations fit prejudices more than the facts
To the editor:
George Michael's column (Oct. 12) on President Obama's record was only partially on target.
Michael gave credit to wacky conspiracy theories when he said, "By dropping more people from the work force, the administration was able to get the official rate down to 7.8 percent for September." What he was referring to was last month's big drop in unemployment numbers.
It's not just that Michael can't bring himself to say anything at all positive about Obama, it's that his statement is unwisely copied from Jack Welch, former CEO of GE.
GE, one of the biggest companies in the world, paid zero federal income taxes. The claim that American businesses were the highest taxed in the world was only true if you looked at the nominal tax rate, not taking into account loopholes that could be deducted. If you take into account loopholes, American companies pay less than most industrialized countries. Reducing the listed business rate for a business like GE that paid zero in taxes would not reduce their actual tax at all.


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GIT – Cheat Sheet
01 Feb
One response to "GIT – Cheat Sheet"
Hello dear,
GIT is awesome man! Believe man.
Posted by sandeepverma on February 1, 2011 in Concentrate, Fedora, Imagine, Launch, Linux, Observe, Open Source, php, Tips
Tags: Cloning, commit, git, git clone, git diff, Git Repositories, pull, push, subversion, svn, tortoiseGit, unfuddle
February 4, 2011 at 3:38 am
Hello dear,
GIT is awesome man! Believe man.
|sunny on How to convert video files int…
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This was probably the best birthday I have had since I was a kid and had parties! It began at breakfast in the rally hall, when everyone wished me a happy birthday and then sang to me after breakfast. I got phone calls all day long fron friends and family, either to wish me happy birthday or to sing to me.
It's official, I'm an old retiree now. I got my first pension check and have signed up for Social Security.
We went out to eat at Crabby Daddy's restaurant tonight with Ted and Donna, Rick and Brenda and Ricky. Dee had to go to Louisiana to check on her mother, who had swallowed a pill down the wrong pipe and had contracted pneumonia. Hope she improves and gets well!
Again, the best birthday party in a loooong time!
Sunday, January 4, 2009
My birthday, January 3, 2009
Posted by Jay Coffman at 9:27 AM
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Finland is taking in the surprise success of the anti-euro party in the country's general election. The True Finns could form part of a coalition government. That could threaten eurozone bailouts, which the party opposes.
True Finns' success could threaten eurozone bailouts
True Finns' success could threaten eurozone bailouts
Theoretically the Finnish government can veto bailouts, as the country's parliament can vote on whether to approve them.
"We shall renegotiate with the European Union and I think there will be a bunch of new suggestions," said Timo Soini, leader of the True Finns. "We'll also have something to say and we'll be in those negotiations if we're in the government. Something new is going to happen, and that's very good because these bailouts clearly have not been working."
Finland's pro-Europe National Coalition narrowly won the election with 20.4 percent of the vote, ahead of the opposition Social Democrats in second place with 19.1 percent.The True Finns quadrupled their vote, winning 19 percent to come third.
The Centre Party, previously the largest in parliament, suffered the biggest setback, dropping to fourth place with just 15.8 percent of the vote. It is now set to go into opposition.
As leader of the conservative National Coalition, the outgoing finance minister Jyrki Katainen is expected to launch negotiations to form a new government.
Despite the celebrations a difficult task lies ahead.
The Social Democrats will probably be involved. Although pro-EU, like the True Finns they also dislike current plans to bail out Portugal.
Support for the euro-sceptics in Finland was also boosted by anxiety over unemployment and cuts to pensions.


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My mom worked really hard with the baby's help on setting up some beautiful Easter decorations and I would say they succeeded. I just love the egg tree with the wisteria.
And the bunny is a cute touch.
Lucas was SOOOOO happy about the day. He wanted to eat all his nummy-nums and hunt Easta Egg - while we waited for all the kids to get there, we played on the swing set and in the sand box.
Lucas & His GeeGee. What else shows love and laughter like this?
Most of the extended family was able to make it - Yippie!!!! I haven't seen some of these guys for over a year. And then there were the suprises - saw Shonn, Kaylee & Noah 2 weekends in a row. Amazing!!! One whole family section did not show up & we were missing another cousin & his family. I was very happy to see every one who came down. Thank you!
Buffet Lunch - Mom didn't want a traditional sit down & eat meal, so everyone brought a dish or 2 and it was graze as needed. The kids loved it!!!
My contribution - Jim made deviled eggs. LOL. I helped with a bunch of stuff mom did, but I didn't actually cook anything.
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President Abraham Lincoln was one of the most influential individuals in our country's history. While this great man never set foot in California, he expressed a fascination with the newly-forged frontier state. On March 21, 1865, just weeks before he died, Lincoln voiced this interest to his friend Charles Maltby, Superintendent of Indian Affairs for California:
"I have long desired to see California; the production of her gold mines has been a marvel to me, and her stand for the Union, her generous offerings to the Sanitary Commission, and her loyal representatives have endeared your people to me; and nothing would give me more pleasure than a visit to the Pacific shore..."
Catapulted to statehood in 1850 as a result of the Gold Rush, California during the last fifteen years of Lincoln's lifetime wrestled with many of the issues facing the rest of the Union – slavery, reliable transportation and communication, the Civil War – as well as challenges specific to the new state, such as flooding, mining, and the development of its government. The following exhibit explores the Golden State as it existed between 1850 and 1865, illustrating some aspects of the state that Lincoln may have observed had he ever made his much hoped-for "visit to the Pacific Shore".
The changes brought to California by the discovery of gold were nowhere more apparent than in San Francisco. The city in 1847 numbered only about 800 residents, featuring little but a few buildings, streets, and small wharves, as shown by this lithograph. As gold fever swept the world, fortune seekers descended on the city by the thousands.
One newspaper correspondent described San Francisco in 1848 as full of "buildings of all kinds, begun or half-finished…with all kinds of signs in all languages. Great quantities of goods were piled up in the open air, for there was no place to store them. The streets were full of people, hurrying to and fro, and of as diverse and bizarre a character as the houses."
By 1851 (the date of this lithograph), San Francisco's population swelled to over 30,000 people. Miners, merchants, gamblers, and speculators from around the globe arrived daily with hopes for a better future. Empty ships, abandoned by sailors rushing to the gold fields, crowded the city's waterfront. The demand for new buildings was so great that the hulls of some of these ships were even brought ashore and used as offices, stores or hotels.
Placer gold, or surface gold, was relatively abundant in California's waterways when the Gold Rush first began in 1848. Early prospectors initially used primitive tools such as picks, pans, and shovels to break up and wash riverbed gravel in their quest for riches.
This photograph shows miners using a gold pan, one of the most common implements seen in the early mines. Crouching on the riverbanks, placer miners swirled water and gravel in these shallow pans, loosening heavy gold flakes from river bottom soil. Miners often blackened their pans over campfires in order to make gold flakes more visible.
Hoards of gold seekers quickly exhausted surface supplies of the precious metal. Miners then turned to more invasive and technologically advanced mining techniques. Diverting waterways, blasting, and forms of hydraulic mining quickly replaced placer mining methods.
This photograph illustrates "ground sluicing," a precursor to hydraulic mining which entailed washing gravel through a series of sluices. Water diverted through the sluices carried lighter soil away, leaving the heavier, gold-bearing gravel to sink to the bottom of the sluice where it could be recovered by the miner.
By 1850, the substantial increase in the number of miners present at the diggings meant that claims became smaller and more difficult to obtain. The pressure of a growing population, coupled with the mounting costs and complexity of mining operations, produced rising tensions among the miners. This strain was often expressed as anti-foreigner sentiment on the part of the American miners.
The California State Legislature passed the Foreign Miner's License Tax in April 1850 (chapter 97). The law required people not "native to or natural born citizens of the United States" to pay a monthly $20 fee for the right to mine in California. The Legislature repealed the law in 1851, but later reinstated a monthly $4 tax on foreign-born miners. The tax forced many foreigners out of the gold mines entirely.
By 1857, California's gold production stabilized at roughly $45 million annually. President Lincoln later speculated that gold from California's mines would significantly ease the heavy burden of national debt that had skyrocketed due to the immense costs of the Civil War. In April 1865, President Lincoln told a friend about to depart for California:
Tell the miners from me, that I shall promote their interests to the utmost of my ability; because their prosperity is the prosperity of the nation, and we shall prove in a very few years that we are indeed the treasury of the world.
One of the largest producers of gold in the state during the nineteenth century was the North Star Gold Mining Company. This company mined the so-called North Star (or French Lead) vein, discovered in 1851 in the Grass Valley area. The mine ultimately reached 4,000 feet of vertical depth, making it the deepest mine in the Grass Valley Gold District. This drawing shows the company's properties as they existed in 1868.
In particular, many considered Yosemite Valley and the giant sequoia trees of the Big Tree Grove as national treasures worthy of protection. To that end, President Lincoln signed the Yosemite Park Act, arguably his most lasting contribution to California.
Passed by Congress in 1864, this bill granted Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Big Tree Grove to the State of California. The act mandated that the land "be held for public use, resort, and recreation," in essence protecting Yosemite from private land claims and preserving the park for future generations. Although Lincoln signed this law eight years before the establishment of the first national park, it can be said that California in general and Yosemite in particular was the birthplace of the idea of a national park.
California Governor Frederick Low signed this proclamation in 1864, appointing several individuals as commissioners to oversee Yosemite Valley. Among the commissioners was famous landscape architect Frederick Law Olmstead, the father of New York City's Central Park.
Not all of California's natural features were friendly to her new settlers. Catastrophic floods periodically ravaged the state, costing lives, destroying livestock, ruining crops, and causing millions of dollars in property damages. Two of these immense floods occurred during President Abraham Lincoln's lifetime, inundating communities along the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers.
Storms on January 7, 1850 transformed the rivers and streams of the Sierra Nevada Mountains into raging torrents. Swollen by these waters, the Sacramento River flooded the new city of Sacramento for a mile back from the river. This print depicts the city as it looked on January 10th, its streets full of water and navigable only by boat. A small steamship plied the flooded streets delivering freight, replacing inventory washed out of doors and windows.
The floods of December 1861-January 1862 were even more severe, making news around the world (as shown by this page from the Illustrated London Times). This deluge created an inland sea that spread over thousands of acres, deep enough that boats could sail over the tops of telegraph poles in the Sacramento Valley. The waters carried hydraulic mining tailings that settled on the flatlands, creating what one observer described as a "desolate waste" in the flood's aftermath.
Disastrous floods still plague California. Their impact is lessened, however, by an intricate system of flood control works, including protective levees, weirs, and bypass corridors.
California's first Constitutional Convention met for thirty-seven days in Monterey, from September 1 to October 13, 1849. The constitution was approved by the delegates on October 10-11, 1849 and ratified by the electorate one month later (12,061 in favor; 811 against). The first State Legislature met December 15, 1849, in San Jose, and petitioned Congress to admit California to the Union. California was admitted to the Union on September 9, 1850.
Much of the 1849 Constitution was based heavily upon the constitution of Iowa, and to a lesser degree, the constitution of New York. John Hamilton, West Point Class of 1847, enrolled the Constitution on parchment. He wrote steadily for three days and nights to complete the laborious task. He was paid $500 for his efforts.
The enrolled Constitution is written on both sides of nineteen parchment (animal skin) pages, each measuring 12 1/2" by 15 1/2". The last page (shown here, at right) is devoted to the signatures of the delegates.
Section 21, Article XI of the 1849 Constitution decreed that all laws must be published in Spanish and English. Thus, for its first 30 years, California was a bilingual state. This provision was not included in the 1879 Constitution.
W.E.P. Hartnell was the official translator for the 1849 California Constitutional Convention. The Spanish translation of the Constitution, the first two pages of which are shown here, was written on 45 pages of heavy white paper, measuring 7 1/2" x 12".
The Constitution of 1849 was amended only three times in thirty years - in 1856, 1862, and 1871. In comparison, during the first thirty years after the adoption of the 1879 Constitution, eighty-six amendments were proposed and fifty-two were adopted.
The original 1849 Constitution, both English and Spanish versions, is housed at the California State Archives.
To learn more about the 1849 California Constitution, please visit the California State Archives' Constitutions webpage.
The California Constitution of 1849 stipulated that the first session of the new State Legislature be held in San Jose. In subsequent years, both Vallejo and Benicia served as the state's capital, but the Legislature found the accommodations of all three locations inadequate. Legislative proceedings moved to Sacramento, which became the permanent state capital on February 25, 1854.
Sacramento County allowed the State Legislature to convene in the county courthouse for the next fifteen years, while a permanent state capitol building was constructed. The front elevation shown here comprises one of the many proposals submitted to the Legislature. Ultimately, the Board of State Capitol Commissioners adopted the plans of M.F. Butler.
Unfortunately, the plans created for the present-day state capitol building are no longer in existence, having been destroyed in a fire.
Construction crews broke ground for California's state capitol building on December 4, 1856. Unfortunately, ensuing fiscal obstacles brought the entire project to a halt within eleven days, not to resume for another four years.
Work on the structure resumed in September of 1860, and continued for many years. A series of floods, beginning in 1861, delayed construction and prompted the building's planners to raise the foundation to its present-day level.
While the Board of State Capitol Commissioners had accepted the plans of architect M.F. Butler, they appointed Reuben Clark to the post of Supervising Architect. Clark served in this capacity for five years.
In 1865, approximately a month after the assassination of President Lincoln, the Union League sent a report to the Board of State Capitol Commissioners concerning Clark's loyalty to the Union. The Union League alleged that Clark made inflammatory statements to state capitol employees regarding Lincoln's election to a second term in 1864. The League also charged that Clark "knowingly employed and retained outspoken secessionists as workmen on the aforesaid State Capitol building"
A few months after the Union League made its accusations of disloyalty, Clark requested a leave of absence because of an ongoing illness. When he did not return by January 1, 1866, the Commission appointed a new architect to fill Clark's vacated position.
On February 5, Reuben Clark was committed to the Stockton State Hospital for "violent burst[s] of passion" that threatened his family, caused by "too close attention to the building of the State Capitol," as seen in this patient registration page. Clark died of "general paralysis" on July 4, 1866. The Commission denied his final request to be buried on the grounds of the state capitol, and he was laid to rest in the Masonic Cemetery in San Francisco.
Although occupied for the first time in November 1869, the state capitol building was not completed until early spring of 1874. In justifying of the issuance of bonds to complete the structure, California Governor Leland Stanford stressed the importance of the building to future Californians:
In a young state like our own, poor in comparison to what its future promises, the conviction has become strong in my mind that coming generations should share with the present in the erection of any great and permanent building. And while thus calling upon the future for aid an edifice should be constructed that will be satisfactory to the grandeur of the coming time.
The building ultimately cost an estimated $2,600,000. Landscaping of the grounds surrounding the state capitol, known as Capitol Park, did not commence until the mid-1870s and continued until the 1890s.
The national debate over slavery did not bypass California. Southern slaveholders transported hundreds of slaves into the gold fields to work the mines. In addition, many free African Americans chose to join the Gold Rush. By 1852, approximately 2,000 African Americans called California home, a number that had doubled by 1860. Free or slave, however, state law remained ambiguous in terms of the civil rights of African Americans for many years.
In 1850, the California State Legislature restricted the right of all African Americans to vote, and their right to testify in a court case involving a white person. In addition, the Legislature enacted California's Fugitive Slave Act in 1852, providing for the return of fleeing slaves to their Southern masters.
The Fugitive Slave Act was challenged the very same year it was enacted. That year, the California Supreme Court decided the fate of Carter Perkins, Robert Perkins, and Sandy Jones, three African Americans who, despite claiming to be free men, were ultimately remanded to the custody of a slave owner from Mississippi. The document presented here is the opinion written by California Chief Justice Hugh Murray in regard to the Perkins case.
Several other California court cases, most famously that of Archy Lee in 1858, saw slave owners attempt to return free African Americans to servitude. Local communities rallied to support these defendants. Petitions like this one were circulated in an attempt to convince the Legislature to increase the legal rights of African Americans.
Southern plantation owners submitted petitions of their own, such as the one shown here. In this petition, which contains language and concepts commonplace in the mid-nineteenth century but which are abhorrent and offensive to most modern readers, a group of Southern plantation owners requested permission to "colonize a Rural District" with at least two thousand "African Domestics, they will bring with them the agricultural skill and experience in the cultivation of Cotton, Rice, and Sugar, with all the appliances necessary to prepare those productions for market." The State Legislature did not approve the formation of such a colony.
Fortunately, the Fugitive Slave Act expired in 1856, never to be renewed. Finally, in 1865, the State Legislature voted to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery. Although African Americans still often encountered prejudice and hostility in California, they could no longer legally be subjected to involuntary servitude.
Chapter 128 of the Statutes of 1850 required stock-issuing companies in California to file articles of incorporation with the Secretary of State. The first company to do so, the California State Mining and Smelting Company, filed its documents (shown here) on May 27, 1850. Since that time, hundreds of thousands of articles of incorporation have been submitted to the Secretary of State, many of which are located at the California State Archives. These records provide invaluable insight to California's economic, cultural, and social life.
In addition, since 1861 California's Secretary of State has maintained an official trademark register whereby manufacturers can record and protect their brand names or product symbols. Creative packaging and labeling played an important role in the development of nineteenth century merchandising.
The first trademark filed in California is presented here. Registered by Delahanty, Skelly & Co. in 1861, the mark identified soda water bottles.
To view other nineteenth century trademarks registered in the Golden State, please visit the California State Archives' Trademarks website.
During President Lincoln's lifetime, Americans who wished to visit California had to endure months of difficult and sometimes dangerous travel, either across the continent by horseback or wagon, or by ship across the sea. Even within the state, rough landscapes between widely scattered communities hindered communication and commerce. Starting in the late 1850s, this desperate need for better transportation was answered by development of the railroads.
California's first railroad began operating in 1856, but widespread rail transport did not appear until the 1860s. Most significantly, President Lincoln signed the Pacific Railroad Act in 1862, authorizing the construction of the transcontinental railroad.
The Union Pacific Railroad began work on the eastern half of the transcontinental railroad, but the western half of the work fell to the Central Pacific Railroad. Incorporated in 1861 by the "Big Four" (Collis Huntington, Leland Stanford, Charles Crocker and Mark Hopkins) among others, the Central Pacific laid tracks east from Sacramento though the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
The Central Pacific Railroad began laying track for the western portion of the transcontinental railroad in 1863. President Lincoln took a great interest in this project, both as an asset to the nation and also from a personal perspective – he expressed an interest in visiting California by rail after he left the presidency.
In July of 1864, Lincoln appointed three men, including California Governor Frederick Low, as Commissioners to report to the President on the progress of the railroad's construction (as put forth in this letter). The upheaval of the Civil War delayed progress somewhat, but by 1865 the pace of laying track had increased.
By the year of Lincoln's death, over two hundred of miles of track had been built in the state. At this time, the Central Pacific relied in large part on the labor of over five thousand Chinese immigrants. Chinese crews forced the rail lines through the difficult terrain of the Sierra Nevada Mountains and to Promontory Point by 1869. The transcontinental railroad was complete, and California linked to the rest of the nation.
Over the next two decades, rail networks spread throughout the state, forever transforming California, its population, and its economy.
Several individuals who lived in California before the Civil War became famous Union or Confederate generals, including Ulysses S. Grant, Albert Sidney Johnson, and William Tecumseh Sherman. Sherman, for example, was appointed a Major General of the California State Militia in 1856. He penned the letter shown here to California Governor J. Neely Johnson that same year.
When the Civil War broke out, most Californians strongly supported the Union. Over 16,000 California residents volunteered to serve in the military from 1861 to 1865. Several hundred of these men fought in the great Civil War battles along the East Coast.
Most of these soldiers, though, served in California and throughout the western United States, filling the void left when President Lincoln recalled the regular army to fight the Southern secessionists. California's militia volunteers established forts and guarded mail routes across a vast stretch of territory as far north as Canada, as far south as Mexico, and as far east as Texas.
In addition to securing the western United States, California's citizens provided Lincoln and the Union with substantial financial support. The state's great mineral wealth allowed for money in the form of taxes and private contributions to flow steadily to the war efforts in the east, including relief organizations such as the U.S. Sanitary Commission.
This letter is the only known example within the California State Archives of an original document penned by Abraham Lincoln himself.
In February of 1864, President Lincoln wrote to California Governor Frederick Low stating that he would be "personally obliged" if Low would promote William Barnes, a soldier in a California regiment. Like all presidents, Lincoln dealt with innumerable requests for promotions and appointments. Private Barnes was the stepson of Washington, D.C. judge James Hughes, who presumably approached Lincoln on behalf of Barnes.
Three months later Barnes was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Sixth California Infantry. Lieutenant Barnes' military career proved less than stellar – within eighteen months he deserted twice, faced two courts martial, and suffered demotion. A variety of factors led to about ten percent of California's soldiers deserting at some point during the Civil War, a figure fairly typical of the Union Army as a whole.
After the Civil War, California continued to grow. The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 provided a critical connection with the rest of the nation, allowing for even more population growth. Between 1860 and 1870, the Golden State's population swelled by over 180,000 people, from 379,994 to 560,247.
In the fifteen years between statehood and the conclusion of the Civil War, California's citizens had created a vibrant state with a stable government, an active economy, and a diverse populace. Hopefully, had President Lincoln made his much-anticipated visit to the Pacific Shore, he would have been encouraged by the progress made in creating what would eventually become the most populous state in the Union and one of the largest economies on the globe.
All images from records of the California State Archives.
Curation of physical exhibit by Jessica Herrick, Sebastian Nelson, and Jessica Knox, with assistance from Juan Ramos and Kevin Turner (2009)
Digital adaptation by Jessica Herrick (2016)
Imaging by Jessica Herrick, Sebastian Nelson, and Jessica Knox
California State Archives
A Division of the California Secretary of State's Office
1020 O Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Reference Telephone: (916) 653-2246
General Information: (916) 653-7715
Fax: (916) 653-7363


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Choose your room
Villa Piccola Siena 3*
24-hour reception
Express check-in/ -out
Swimming Pool
Outdoor swimming pool
Sports activities
Golf course
Horseback riding
Spa and relaxation
In-room breakfast
Bar/ Lounge area
Meeting facilities
Meeting room
Located in 30 minutes walking distance from Duomo of Siena, the 3-star Villa Piccola Siena offers elegant rooms.
The venue is 2.5 km away from Siena Cathedral. Guests will find Siena city center within a 30-minute walk from the property.
This property comprises 13 rooms featuring economy double room, superior single room and quadruple room with free Wi-Fi, cable TV with on-demand movies, pay television, TV with satellite channels and a closet. Rooms come with the garden view. Room facilities also include a dishwasher, coffee/tea makers and a fridge for self-catering.
Guests can enjoy Italian snacks and meals in Chianti Cooking located 450 meters away.
There is Siena train station nearby. Due to its location 55 km from Peretola airport, fast access to the Villa Piccola Siena is provided.
Cars and bicycles are available for rent on site.
Treatments include full body massage, head massage and back massages. Villa Piccola Siena offers sports activities including hiking, horse riding and cycling.
Hotel Policy
- Children and extra beds
- All children under the age of 2 may stay for free in a cot.
- Maximum capacity of extra beds in a room is 1.
- Pets allowed
- Non-smoking rooms
- Rooms/ Facilities for disabled
- Safe deposit box
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- Children are welcome
- Lobby
- Air conditioning in public areas
Food & Drinks
- Restaurant
- In-room breakfast
- Bar/ Lounge area
- Paid breakfast
- Restaurant buffet
Leisure & Activities
- Outdoor swimming pool
- Horseback riding
- Massage
- Golf course
- Hiking
- Tennis
- Garden area
- Leisure/ TV room
- Room service
- Car rental
- Bicycle rental
- Business centre
- Fax/Photocopying
- Housekeeping
- Grocery shopping service
- Shops/Commercial services
- Laundry
- Doctor on call
- Airport shuttle
- Newspaper service
- Paid airport shuttle
- Tours/Ticket assistance
Room Amenities
- Ironing facilities
- Heating
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- Television
- Hair dryer
- AM/FM alarm clock
- Telephone
- Mini-bar
- Terrace
- Dressing area
- In-room safe
- Children's pool
- VIP room facilities
- Flat-screen TV
- Babysitting/Child services
- Paid babysitting/ Child services
- Soundproofed rooms
- Bath/ Shower
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AmenitiesShow All
- Pets allowed
- Non-smoking rooms
- Rooms/ Facilities for disabled
- Safe deposit box
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- Locker room


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It has been, by his own admission, an emotional few weeks for Lucas Neill.
News of Bruno Metsu's cancer diagnosis and subsequent departure as boss of Al Wasl has rocked Middle Eastern football and put life into sharp perspective for the Australian captain.
Signed by Wasl in the summer after what he describes as a "strange" end to his one-year stay with Al Jazira, Neill was relishing the prospect of working under Metsu.
The 35-year-old had credited the Frenchman as being the key factor in his decision to swap Abu Dhabi for Dubai, shunning more lucrative offers from Qatar and Saudi Arabia in the process.
Having quickly immersed himself in his new surroundings – crediting team-mates for making it "really easy" to settle in – how then has the Wasl squad coped with Metsu's enforced departure?
"After getting over the initial shock it kind of galvanized us a little bit," said Neill in an exclusive interview with Sport360°. "It made all the boys want to go out and win the next game for him, which we did.
"When he came to see us the other day in training, it was pretty emotional. He tried to deliver a speech, which was very brave. We just wish him well, because one day life is perfect and the next day…
"It's no one's fault and, as he says, he is 'trying to win his own game now'. The more we can win [the better]. We know he is watching us on the TV and he is with us, so we wish him well."
The harsh reality of football, though, means there is very little time for sentiment – a fact not lost on Neill.
He remains steadfast in his belief that Wasl can mount a serious title challenge under Metsu's successor, Gilles Morisseau, whom he describes as "just Bruno through a different face".
"We have got the spirit and we have a good squad, it is just about putting it all together," adds Neill. "The only [negative] thing we have done so far is put ourselves in winning positions and not come through with the three points.
"We just need to eliminate one or two of the mistakes and show a bit more concentration. These next two games – away to Al Ain and then Al Jazira at home – will be a real turning point for our season."
Still learning
Making the daily commute from the family home in Abu Dhabi so not to disrupt his children's education is "not ideal", Neill candidly admits, but it seems to have done little to diminish his enjoyment of football.
Jettisoned unceremoniously by Jazira in the summer, he exudes a feeling that he still has something left to prove, not only to his former employers, but to himself. As he says: "I am still learning and every day I go to training and try to push myself more than the previous day.
"I am not here for a holiday, I am taking it seriously. I am here to win."
Neill, though, is unashamed to admit his decision to move to the UAE in the summer of 2011 was partially motivated by a desire for an easier life after 16 "exhausting" years in European football.
"I am not getting any younger and I needed a league that is still challenging but maybe not as demanding," said Neill, echoing recent remarks made by his compatriot Mark Bresciano.
"When playing in Europe I was averaging 35-40 games a season and, with the internationals and the travel, it was just too much. It was too demanding to step up every week.
"Sometimes you would be running on empty when you came to the game. Over here I get to push myself as far as I need to during the week and then, as always, you get challenged at the weekend."
'Victim of our own success'
Refreshingly honest, Neill prickles at recent criticism of him and other Socceroos plying their trade in the Middle East and is irked by claims that the perceived sub-standard level of competition in the region has had a detrimental effect on the national team.
"The problem is we have now become victims of our own success," said Neill, in the wake of ex-Australian international Robbie Slater's recent disparaging remarks. "We pushed the bar up. Everybody has had a taste of the World Cup and now the expectation is we should always be in the World Cup.
"I think you have to experience it [UAE football] to realise how tough it is. The conditions play their part but I think the standard of football can be very good."
Neill does, however, agree with Bresciano's controversial view that young players just starting out in the game should be advised against moving to the Middle East.
"If you have ambitions to play in Europe I think it is hard to go from Australia, as an example, to the Middle East and then to Europe because there is an opinion that clubs won't look this way for talent," he explained.
"People don't look here to try and find that pool of talent. And I really think any [young] footballer who has a dream should be trying to push himself to play in Europe."
Changing a culture
Neill accepts that is not the case with many Emirati players, who he claims show very little desire to test themselves in the English Premier League, La Liga or Serie A.
"The mentality can be challenging because players here don't have dreams and ambitions to go and play in European leagues," said Neill, pointing to Omar Abdulrahman's decision to spurn the advances of Manchester City as the perfect example.
"He is a beautiful player. There are two or three in every team, and if some of them realised just how blessed they are with talent they could really go on to bigger and better things if they wanted to. Some players jump out at you but for maybe only one or two games.
"Then you get players like Omar who are consistently good and who definitely have the talent to succeed in Europe."
Despite an inherent reluctance to head for foreign climes, Neill admits that does not stop Emirati players from enquiring about what life is like at the highest level. "We used to talk a lot about it in Jazira," he said. "About playing in front of big crowds every week, about stars, of managers and even now players are always asking things like 'do you do this type of training in England?'.
"It's good that they ask the questions and I suppose the little things I have picked up on during my time as a professional in Europe add a bit of value over here. Sometimes it can fall on deaf ears but other times people watch you, and other times they ask if they can join in and do that little bit extra – I guess that is why I am here."
The future
As he continues to impart his wisdom, it ought to come as no surprise that Neill has one eye on a career in management when he eventually decides to hangs up his boots. Whenever that may be. "I will definitely coach in some capacity. I would be silly not to do something with my career. Whether it is coaching kids or at a high level I don't know," he added.
For the time being, though, his focus remains on Wasl and Australia's bid to qualify for a third successive World Cup finals in 2014. A possible swansong on home soil could then follow.
"There is an Asian Cup in Australia in Januray 2015," he says with a wry smile. "That is not far off the World Cup in Brazil, so who knows?"
Favourite restaurant in the UAE: Hakkasan
If you weren't a footballer what would you be? A chef
Favourite film: Dumb and Dumber
Idol growing up: Michael Jordan
Who did you support as a boy?: Liverpool
What car do you drive: Audi Q7
Which three people would you invite to a dinner party: Al Pacino, David Beckham and Jay-Z
Best player you played with and against: With – Carlos Tevez, Against – Lionel Messi
* For breaking news, follow us on @Sport_360 or find us on Facebook.
As the search for Blackburn's new manager continues into its fifth week since the resignation of Steve Kean, the latest name linked with the Ewood Park vacancy appears to be former Tottenham manager Harry Redknapp.
Redknapp has been out of job since leaving Spurs at the end of last season following a contract dispute and the club's failure to qualify for the Champions League. He was heavily favoured to take over the England national team following the departure of Fabio Capello but missed out to Roy Hodgson.
According to the Daily Mail, Redknapp is set to hold talks with the Blackburn hierarchy today with regards to a possible move, and were it to materialise, would certainly represent his most drastic geographical managerial appointment.
Thus far, Redknapp's most northern venture was to Tottenham having managed Bournemouth, Portsmouth, and Southampton.
Considering it has been just five months since Redknapp was expected to be named England boss, a move to the Championship would represent a massive coup for Blackburn.
However, Redknapp is just the latest name to be linked with the post as a host of managers have been mentioned over the past month.
Blackpool boss Ian Holloway has been touted as the favourite for some time, while former Blackburn players Alan Shearer, Garry Flitcroft, and Tim Sherwood, currently coach at Tottenham, have all been suggested as candidates.
Former Manchester United striker and current Molde manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, who was thought to be Blackburn's first-choice, has already ruled himself out of contention.
It would suggest that Blackburn are keeping their cards close to their chest, and the media have little to go on in terms of hard facts with regards to the appointment.
Redknapp is not the only person to be linked today, as the Daily Mirror claim former Al Wasl boss Diego Maradona has also been approached by Blackburn.
Maradona spent a colourful 12 months in the UAE in charge of the Cheetahs, but the Argentine legend could not inspire the club to success on the pitch, leading the club to a disappointing eighth in the Pro League table.
* For breaking news, follow us on @Sport_360 or find us on Facebook.
Referee Mark Clattenburg is facing the possibility of both a Football Association and police investigation following accusations of "inappropriate language" towards Chelsea stars John Obi Mikel and Juan Mata.
Clattenburg has been accused by the European champions of making offensive comments, which are understood to have been interpreted as racist, during their acrimonious Premier League defeat to Manchester United.
Chelsea lodged a formal complaint, sparking an almost inevitable chain of events that saw the FA announce an investigation and Professional Game Match Officials committee decide not to appoint Clattenburg to a match this coming weekend.
And last night the Metropolitan Police Service also confirmed that it had received a letter of complaint but it is understood it is not yet clear whether they will act upon it.
The PGMO said in a statement: "We believe that, with any football match, the focus should not be on the officials but on the players and the game itself.
"Mark Clattenburg is one of the elite referees in world football and, in these circumstances, the intense level of scrutiny would detract from the match and be unfair to the clubs and the supporters of both sides."
An FA probe was almost inevitable the moment Chelsea made their allegation against Clattenburg, who has vowed to co-operate fully with the authorities.
The referees' union, Prospect, pledged their "full support" to the under-fire official, saying in a statement: "Prospect is committed to helping to eradicate racism in football and in society generally.
"In the context of that commitment, Prospect is offering full support to Mark Clattenburg in relation to the allegations made against him. It is now important that the allegations are fully investigated through the proper process as quickly as possible."
That process looks set to involve Clattenburg, Mikel and Mata all being interviewed by FA compliance officers, who are likely to speak to other potential witnesses.
Those could include other Chelsea and Manchester United players and will almost certainly see Clattenburg's assistants and fourth official also asked to provide evidence.
Clattenburg, Michael McDonough, Simon Long and Michael Jones all wore microphones and earpieces during the game, although their conversations were not recorded.
Former Premier League referee Graham Poll said: "A referee's microphone is on open. Everything he says is heard by two assistants. So if Mark said something, the assistants would have heard it."
* For breaking news, follow us on @Sport_360 or find us on Facebook.


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Residents in the City of South Fulton are yet again at odds with the city council. In an effort to combat the surge of crimes committed by young adults, Councilwoman Helen Willis is drafting a new proposal that would hold parents accountable for their children's criminal behavior. On "Too Much Truth with Host Derrick Boazman on WAOK,
Councilwoman Willis discussed the controversial proposal that states, parents could face up to a one-hundred dollar fine and up to 30 days in jail by failing to supervise their children.
The Parental Accountability Ordinance is still being drafted and residents will have an opportunity to weigh in Monday, January 29th at 6:30pm at the South Fulton Annex.


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Few things are as simply elegant as an orchid plant. This gorgeous phalaenopsis orchid makes you take note of its easy beauty, boasting two stems heavy with rows of eye-catching white blooms. Presented in a mirrored cubed container that reflects light at every turn from its surroundings, this stunning blooming plant is more than a gift, it is a true treasure. Plant measures 6-inches in diameter.
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Travel Nursing in Boston
Hi there,
I'm looking to get a travel nursing assignment in the med/surg field at MGH come early June for the summer. Completely open to other Boston hospitals but MGH is #1.
I am using American Traveler as a recruiting source but wondering if anyone had any connections that I may be able to leverage?
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
About PattyH112
Joined: Mar '16; Posts: 1Mar 31, '16Does American Traveler have a contract with MGH? If no, you do need to find an agency or two that does. I suspect they have a vendor manager which can mean many agencies will be able to place you there. I don't actually know of an agency that does staff MGH, but Sagent is strong in the area or was. Cross Country Travcorp should be too. Travcorp was the first ever travel nurse company and was based in the Boston area.
Lots of other great hospitals in Boston.Apr 1, '16I'm pretty sure AMN has the vendor for that hospital. Which is unfortunate bc they are a terrible company. I worked with Onward at MGH. Onward is now a part of AMN & had a really bad experience with that company. Other agencies not affiliated with AMN may have the assignment too, not sure. I did ER at MGH this past July-SeptApr 1, '16AMN the agency may be very different that AMN Healthcare the vendor manager. If MGH has a contract for vendor management with AMN, there will be a lot of different agencies to choose from.Sep 15, '17Can I ask you how you liked your ER contract at MGH? I am in the process of submitting a contract there and I am desperately seeking some info- did you enjoy it? Was the staff friendly/easy to work with? Do you mind private messaging me a bit about your experience? I am getting nervous about potentially going there- I feel like I have heard mixed things! Thanks in advance.
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Puritan ideology and society
Religion Review (Have kids ask questions if I'm going too fast.)
Luther and 95 Theses
Henry VIII: Defender of the Faith
Needed a son
Pope refuses annulment (captive to Spain)
POLITICAL and DYNASTIC rather than theological reformation
New church w/Henry as head: Anglicanism (Catholic w/out Pope)
But politics lets ideas in. Screamin' Protestants outside the door
Calvinism (Presbyterianism in Scotland)
Diagram of English church
Henry can hold it together
Edward - Regency
Parliament seizes power (Noble dominated regency wants to diminish King's power as head of the church)
Edward dies: Civil war?
BB Bloody Mary
Elizabeth – She's just a girl: Don't be a chauvinist.
Solution: Thirty-Nine Articles – Full of sound and fury signifying nothing
Long term impact of America:
American Revolution
Stage III Slavery
Civil Rights
Women Ordination
Gay Bishop
Venn Diagrams of Elizabethan Church
(Add to Continuum – how does it connect to the venn diagram?)
Separatists come to America (compare to French Hugenots)
Religious intensity bell curve (population distribution curve)
Puritan society dramatically divergent from South
Refer to DBQ documents
Doc A: Model of Christian Charity
Pulpit-poundin' sermon
Who came?
Religious ZEALOUS IDEOLOGUES
Families (PATRIARCHAL)
Compare to indentured servant list
Doc D: What does it tell us?
Emphasize:#1: minister
Rich and poor together
House lot
Share of meadow/planting ground
Reaction to enclosure
Observation of self/others
Village green
COMMUNITARIAN not communist
Church/gov building/school
Village green
Everyone lives in town – observation, sharing work, education for all (why?)
Education for all, including women. If patriarchal, why are they one of the few societies (only?) to emphasize universal female literacy?
Bible. Bible. Bible.
Status – big houses/little houses: But gap/lifestyle not that different
Protestant work ethic
Am I elect?
Idle hands are Devil's workshop
Obligation to community
Teaching family: Family labor. Family as central value. Big families.
Most are farmers.
Farmers in town?
Long lots.
Good or bad?
Square farms much more practical.
Long term problems:
Examples: Rap music, walking through the snow to school.
Towns fill up. Big families, low mortality. Where to farm? Stay in father's house. (Modern Mennonite farm example)
Living on margins of town. Why is this dangerous?
Rational farming: square fields = harder to observe neighbors.
Declining religious fervor – why?
Halfway COVENANT
The horror! The horror!
Reaction against the less religious. Suspicious of people on outskirts?
Venn diagram: Commercial activity, rational farmers, SECULARISM
Must regain control!
Salem witch trials as a social control.
Venn diagram: Commerce, rational farms, irregular church attendance circles.
Most victims were in the overlap of all three.
Pitch for Crucible attendance.
Friday, September 18, 2009
Puritan Ideology Notes
Posted by Mark Tueting at 2:32 PM
Labels: 02, class notes
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The recently announced presidential bail out approved by President Muhammadu Buhari for states owing workers months of unpaid salaries will, no doubt, be a welcome development to concerned workers across the country and, indeed, many of the affected states. It should be stressed that more than a quarter of the 36 states of the federation owe workers' salaries in arrears believed to be in the region of over N110billion. The worst hit states are Osun, Rivers, Oyo, Ekiti, Kwara, Kogi, Ondo, Plateau, Benue and Bauchi.
An integral part of the bailout strategy as announced by government is for the federal and state governments to share $2.1 billion (about N497 billion) sourced from recent LNG proceeds to the federation account. Equally, the federal government has directed the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, to arrange a special intervention fund that will offer steady financing to the states. The package, which is between N250 billion and N300 billion, is to serve as a soft loan available to states to access to settle arrears of salaries.
Additionally, the president has approved a debt reprieve plan devised by the Debt Management Office, which will help states to streamline their commercial loans which is presently put at around N660 billion, and extend the life span of such loans while reducing their debt-servicing expenditures. Another part of the plan is to free up more money currently being used for debt servicing by guarantying the elongation of the loans in the benefit of the states.
Various public affairs analysts and social commentators have taken divergent positions on the presidential bailout since it was announced by the federal government. While some applauded the initiative, others simply denigrate it. To those in support of the move, it is the best option available, for now, especially given the parlous state of the nation's economy occasioned by dwindling global price of oil. With the sharp drop in the monthly revenue allocation to states coupled with their various debt commitments, there is no way most of the states could offset unpaid salaries arrears.
However, those who are against the move hinged their stand on the fact that it would further entrench corruption in the system. They argued that, in as much as it is true that the national economy is experiencing a downward trend, most of the states actually compounded the situation through unbridled financial recklessness. Bailing them out would, therefore, amount to promoting and commending their perceived corrupt tendencies.
In a democracy, these conflicting views and opinions are quite understandable. It is, however, essential to point out that in a troubled economy like ours, government bailout is one of the economic measures that could rescue the polity from a possible or a definite collapse. It is customary, even in advanced democracies, for government to roll out bailout strategies in order to preserve democratic institutions and provide soccour to the downtrodden. Without a doubt, most of the states might possibly go insolvent partly in view of the parlous state of the national economy. It is equally important to stress that but for the bail out, we would have had an unavoidable workers' rebellion that could pose a serious threat to democracy.
The snag, nonetheless, is for how long will the federal government continue to bailout the states, especially if the economy doesn't record a significant improvement as soon as expected? This, of course, is where the states need to be more creative and inward looking in shoving up their Internally Generated Revenue, IGR, base. It is better not to have states than to have states that are not economically buoyant. Such would only serve as a huge burden on the country. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, NBS, the IGR of most states in the country is recording a downward slide. For instance, the IGR of Lagos State in 2014 was N276, 163,978,675.95 as against N384, 259,410,959.19 collected in 2013. Next to Lagos is Rivers State with an IGR collection of N89, 112,448,347.58 in 2014 compared to N87, 914,415,268.80 collected in 2013 fiscal year. Hence, there is a need for states to plug all loopholes for an improved IGR base.
To achieve this, we need to re-examine the idea of global taxation for all citizens. This major source of funding has for long been relegated to the background. Now is the time to reverse the trend. In most of the states, the source of government revenue is limited to taxes paid by the civil servants. Creative strategies must be evolved to drag more taxable citizens into the tax net. Governments all over the world run on the taxes paid by the citizens, we cannot be an exception. It should be stressed, however, that funds accrued from taxes should be judiciously expended in order to encourage the tax payers.
Also, the states and other tiers of government should embrace prudent management of available resources. The cost of governance must be reasonably pruned down. There is no point keeping arrays of needless aides if the economy cannot afford such. Our leaders need to start leading by example. All meaningless extravagant tendencies that could plunge the states and, indeed, the nation into deeper economic mess must be shunned. Transparency and accountability must become the order of the day in all government establishments.
It is equally fundamental for both the federal and state governments to address the issue of over bloated civil service. If it is true, as it is being alleged, that some MDAs keep more than the required number of staff that is actually needed, efforts must be made to deal with such. It is particularly undesirable for any government to spend the bulk of its resources in paying the wages of a lethargic and parasitic workforce. The bureaucracy that is required to drive democracy is one that is prompt, forthright and farsighted. In any nation where bureaucracy has become a drain pipe, democracy would certainly become endangered.
Perhaps, more importantly, the FG should step up efforts to improve the national economy. One way of doing this is to develop the non-oil sector. It is unacceptable for a country of Nigeria's stature to continue to be a mono economy. Our current national economic predicament is a direct result of the failure of the federal government to diversify the country's economy. Succeeding administrations has for long been paying lip services to the development of the non-oil sector, but have all failed when it comes to actualisation. This trend must change. For us to have a buoyant economy, generate more employment and increase productivity, we must diversify the economy.
On a final note, the federal government should improve the power situation in the country. Regular and stable power supply will enable Small Medium Enterprises to thrive. Equally, multi-national firms that have relocated because of epileptic power situation could be lured back if the power situation improves. This would not only bring back lost jobs, but will certainly restore lost ones and our economy will be the better for it. God bless Nigeria!
- Ogunbiyi is of the Features Unit, Lagos State Ministry of Information and Strategy, Alausa, Ikeja.


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A True Patriot Few of Us Know
I am down here in Williamsburg, VA for a few days, visiting the incredible living museum that is Colonial Williamsburg. It is so amazing to get to walk on the same streets and inside the same homes that Jefferson and Washington and Henry and so many others did.
But one great patriot who lived here that few of us know much about was Peyton Randolph, Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses and President of the Continental Congress.
If Randolph hadn't died during the Second Continental Congress, it would have been he and not John Hancock who first signed the Declaration of Independence. And it very well may have been Randolph and not Washington who served as our first president. He was an immense figure in our Independence, and was truly beloved and admired by the other patriots.
The fact that, for many of us, Randolph has faded into the shadows of history reminds us that a lasting legacy is not the measure of a man's importance. We hear too much today about how a leader will be remembered when the real question is, what has the leader achieved. Like many of those who fought for our independence, Randolph was not possessed of a desire for fame. He was possessed of a desire for freedom.
And, you know, I think that's what a patriot is. Someone who believes in the promise of this country and is willing to give of themselves without promise of reward, even when the stakes are high.
So here's to Peyton Randolph. An American we should all try to be more like.


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TBT: WIT Month Reads from last year
As previously stated, I am celebrating Women In Translation Month along with some other bloggers and publishers. Last year was my first time and I loved it! I did write a wrap up post last year too but it missed some of the reviews of books I finished when the month was over. If you want to celebrate and don't know what to try here … Continue reading TBT: WIT Month Reads from last year


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Michelle Malkin: EXCLUSIVE: MORE ABOUT THAT VERY CURIOUS PLANE
"In response to my post about the plane of suspected illegal alien Chinese in San Antonio forced down by homeland security officials last night, this tip just came in:
The co-owner of the plane, Afzal Hameed, is president of Alpha Tango Flying Services in San Antonio, which trains pilots and mechanics.
Guess who trained at Alpha Tango Flying Services--which, by the way, caters to Saudi Arabian flight students(!!!!):
Among their clients were three Arab flight students investigated by the FBI, including Al Qaeda operative Abdul Hakim Murad , who was arrested in Manila in 1995 and later convicted in New York of plotting to blow up a dozen U.S. airliners over the Pacific, then crash a suicide plane into CIA headquarters.
The FBI has been keeping tabs on Alpha Tango since Sept. 11. So, now, a plane co-owned by Alpha Tango's president, who is incommunicado, has been forced down with a planeful of Chinese illegal aliens in the wake of a terror alert involving Chinese illegal aliens."


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Lemon and orange pork
Preparation 15 minutes Cooking 1½-2 hours Serves 6
1.5kg pork leg roast 4 cloves garlic, quartered 1 cup honey 1⁄2 cup freshly squeezed lemon juice 1⁄2 cup freshly squeezed orange juice Freshly ground black pepper to taste 2 red onions, thickly sliced 1 orange, peeled, segmented 1 lemon, peeled, segmented 2 sprigs rosemary
Make slits in the pork leg roast. Insert the garlic quarters. Place the pork in a baking pan. Combine honey and citrus juices. Brush the roast with the mixture. Sprinkle with pepper. Place pork in the oven. Cook at 180C for about 45 minutes. Baste occasionally with the citrus marinade. Add onion slices, citrus segments and rosemary sprigs to pan. Cook for a further 45-50 minutes or until roast is tender, basting occasionally. Serve sliced with citrus segments and onion. Accompany with golden roasted potatoes and steamed green beans. Serve with apple sauce.


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how do you discover yourself
without cutting yourself open? at times
i want to peer into my skin. infrared
heat of my organs still glowing invisible.
even if i withstood the pain of driving
the knife-blade down the center
of my body as if to gut myself, fish
for the clues of who i am by of what
i am comprised, what would i find?
an anatomical heart. raw muscle. a wet fist
clenched. coils of flesh tubing—and in it
juices—slick red and pink and marbled
with blue veins. i want to pull out the mystery
and scarf it around my neck like a noose until
i too am blue with epiphany. would i find
more gold, the source of it, the earth's rock-
core, carbon-rich mantle churning charcoal
into crystal diamond, hope-blue, specked with
mineral, all black and red-hot, millions of years,
the dust of dead giants or just my liver?
Monday, April 20, 2009
pâté de foie gras
Posted by robert andrew perez at 12:15 PM
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Save money on mags: great fashion online
The Bargain Queen would go broke if all the fashion coverage she read was purchased at the newsagent. Those glossy pages with their beautiful photos are fantastic, but they quickly get expensive (especially considering The Bargain Queen's penchant for the overseas editions).
So The Bargain Queen's going to let you in on her secret online fashion reading list. All these sites offer great fashion articles, and some have gorgeous pictures too:
- Sydney Morning Herald Fashion; The Age Fashion
Starting with local coverage, The Bargain Queen's favourite sites are The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age (Melbourne) web sites. Personal favourite: Maggie Alderson's Style Notes column archive
- Times Online's Women
The Bargain Queen's favourite fashion web site, this reliably has great stories on both hight fashion and chain store clothing, plus beauty and lifestyle coverage. Recent favourite: this story on Dita von Teese
- New York Times Fashion
This is The Bargain Queen's second-favourite fashion web site. There haven't been many great stories in the last couple of weeks, but there's usually interesting stuff here all the time. Especially brilliant are the occasional T Style magazines (the whole magazine is published online!) and Cathy Horyn's show coverage
- W Feature Story on Style.com
Amazing photos and well-written stories. There's only one added each month, but they're always great. Recent favourite: Tom Ford: "When sex goes out of business, so do we." (Warning: not work-safe)
- New York Metro Fashion
A new addition to The Bargain Queen's regular reading list. Current favourite: The Fashion + Money issue


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Monday – Tuesday
Moon in Leo square Venus
Through the first days of this week Leo moon will warm and inflame our hearts. It is a good time to be generous, loving and caring with a touch of pride of being able to give yourself to the ones you love. Emotional needs bring fort the need for creativity, self expression, acceptance from others, being the center of attention. Watch out for intense mood swings and drama queen effect, do not take things so personally especially if someone should criticize you, your actions, your behavior. Leo Moon desires to be confirmed as a very unique individual and wants to feel proud about it. She is very sensitive when not being accepted or even rejected for some reason. This reason can be the most trivial you can imagine, but it doesn't matter, Leo Moon will respond very dramatically to it. Almost in a sense that the world has come to an end. So keep your passions high and use them to vent your creative energy and desire to love and give, but don't act childish, immature and self centered in a negative way.
With the Moon forming a square with Venus in Scorpio the need for cooperation and love will increase. These signs, Scorpio and Leo, are two of the most passionate you can find, so your own desires for loving unions will increase as will your sensitivity to actions, needs and desires of others. Be careful of the drama queen effect of the Leo Moon, taking everything to personally and over reacting for no good reason. With the Scorpio Venus, relationships are complicated and intense as it is, we dont need more drama. 🙂 Internally this will prove to be a difficult time as we will process some conflicting energy within ourselves. Sense of desire or longing for something that is perhaps our of reach or difficult to attain, demanding of us certain amount of selflessness or self sacrifice. Letting go of some difficult longings that serve no purpose, rather than torturing the heart, is a good choice. Generally, the need for expressing and receiving love is very much heightened with this transit, so try to give that love to the people that matter and the people that deserve it and don't let yourself be exploited in any way just for being too needy or hungry for attention, affection and love of any kind. Perhaps this transit is best for new relationships as the conflicting energies are more easily brought to balance. Existing relationships, especially the ones that have certain difficulties in expressing love and affection will have a chance and a challenge on their hands. Accept the challenge, take a chance and show someone, the right someone, that you love them. It wont be easy, but hey that's the thing about square aspect, they make us 'move our butts'. 🙂
Be careful of buying false 'love' and acceptance from others by giving them gifts, presents. Also if you would feel under the weather emotionally wise, try not to spoil or pamper yourself too much by buying things that would give you instant pleasures of satisfaction. This will only deplete your financial resources and fill no emotional gap. Generally speaking, to much generosity is also not a good thing, set a limit and do not cross it.
This aspect will influence Scorpios and Leos the most, Taureans and Aquarians will feel it too. People with strong positions in these fixed signs will feel this influence too.
Uranus in Aries going direct
Another important aspect that will influence the energies of this week is the direct motion of Uranus in Aries. The planet will appear to be almost stationary throughout the whole week. As it concludes its retrograde motion, it will come to a halt and begin to move forward very slowly. When this happens the energies of the planet are most powerful but at the same time the most unstable. With the already unpredictable Uranus itself the influence might prove to be somewhat chaotic, sometimes more in the form of difficult and hectic psychological processes, taking place inside of us, or as unpredictable and erratic events taking place in our interactions with our environment. Predicting what will happen and how, is almost impossible. Feeling of general restlessness and generally a very chaotic, stressful time is indicated with this aspect. People whose charts make positive aspects with Uranus at this time, might generally expect new, exciting things to come into their lives. People that are under the heavy influence of this planet at the moment, will face some quite difficult times dealing with their own personal psychological issues of what is right vs what is wrong, bringing things to justice or rather avoiding certain responsibility, feeling the need to escape, feeling the need for more space and freedom and not knowing how to attain that in the right sense, without hurting or damaging their relationships with others. Relationships will prove very demanding for those people during this week, their daily tempo might also prove to be very chaotic and unpredictable. Don't stress yourself too much and try to relax and calm yourself when things get to hectic for your taste. Peace of mind and heart is what you need to get through this aspect as Uranus moves forward. It will be a bit easier when it goes fully direct, but still keep in mind, its a stressful aspect if you are influenced by it so, try your best to slow down and take a break from time to time. Try to do that even if the outside world doesn't wont you to or even if you feel that something inside of you just wont stop making you restless. Remember, you make the choices, you control your fate, your body, your heart, your spirit and your soul. Its important that you listen to the influence of Uranus as it might encourage you to do some very important changes in your life. It might show you the right path of your own personal progress. But be aware of rash actions, decisions, impulsivity, irresponsibility, avoiding obligations and most importantly running away from certain realizations of the truth under the pretense of personal freedom.
This will be felt mostly by Arians and Libras, Capricorns and Cancer as well and also people with strong cardinal sign energies.
Wednesday – Thursday
Moon in Virgo
On Wednesday, the Moon moves to Virgo, so emotions become once again more grounded. Emotional needs for safety security and fulfillment encourage us to become more practical, to pay more attention to our daily lives and rhythm, our obligations, health issues, routines. Being of service to ourselves and others is what will keep us happy and satisfied. Moon will form an opposition with Neptune in Pisces. This will increase empathy, compassion, so use this aspect to help others more, especially those in need. Greater intuition is also indicated as is health issues awareness. Become more aware of your psychological and physical health conditions over those days and pay attention to whatever raises your stress levels, pay attention to whatever influences your health in a negative way such as damaging lifestyles, irregular biorhythm patterns, unhealthy habits, especially when it comes to food and alcohol consumption during these holidays. This should be a time when we take more care of our bodies and try not to strain them too much. Avoid any kind of overindulgence as this aspect does not support it. Health problems might occur or become more apparent otherwise. This will be especially important during New Year's eve as the Moon will conjunct Jupiter in Virgo. This signals some heavy warning signs as far as 'not going to far and rather taking it easy' goes. Moderation over excess is the motto of on this years 31th of December.
This aspect will be felt mostly by Virgos, Pisces, Geminis and Sagittarians.


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|Vladimir Emilien
CB Dallas Crawford: Crawford was bottled up for 14 carries and just 22 yards, plus 1 catch for 3 yards, in Miami's 41-31 win over Pitt.
S Vladimir Emilien: Emilien had 2 tackles, 1 tackle for loss, and 1 fumble recovery in Toledo's 31-29 loss to Akron.
K Anthony Fera: Fera was 5/5 on extra points and 2/2 on field goals (from 49 and 37 yards) in Texas's 41-16 win over Texas Tech.
K Matt Goudis: Goudis was 5/5 on extra points and 2/2 on field goals (from 39 and 29 yards) in Miami's 41-31 win over Pitt.
LB Mike Jones: Jones had 6 tackles in Western Michigan's 33-14 loss to Northern Illinois.
Defensive coordinator Greg Robinson: Robinson's defense tallied a whopping 9 sacks in Texas's 41-16 win over Texas Tech.
Head coach Rich Rodriguez: Arizona ended its regular season on a downer with a 58-21 loss to Arizona State. Ka'Deem Carey finished the game with 32 carries for 157 yards and 1 touchdown, but quarterback B.J. Denker threw 3 interceptions. Arizona ends the year at 7-5.
S Ray Vinopal: Vinopal had 4 tackles and 1 pass breakup in Pitt's 41-31 loss to Miami.


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I hate Mondays wrote:Mr. Mau, since you are starting to become like a SFX expert around here, I was wondering if one day you could adjust the sound sliders to sound like a real broadcast game.
I know there is a "TV Broadcast" set in the sound sliders, but I feel like there is room for improvement. Just like there is a built-in simulation game slider, but ShadyMike does it 10x times better.
I usually put SFX @ 100 and player chatter @100
other are around 25-30
Hope this help


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CASA: A Voice for Children, Inc. is a non-profit organization which advocates for the best interests of abused and neglected children within the court system. Our work is based on the belief that all children are entitled to a safe and permanent home. Court Appointed Special Advocates work in the court system through trained volunteers to serve as the child's advocate and represent the child's best interests in 'child in need of care' proceedings in the Ninth Judicial District.
1-10 employees


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Tuesday, October 18, 2011
Transcription of Sunday Herald Sun Scans
I made the transcription of the Sunday Herald Sun interview scans I posted yesterday (you can see them HERE ).
To read it, click on Read More, and you can find it also in the Interviews Section as always.
Sunday Herald Sun
Source: dreamsofkate at cbi-headquarter
Mind Games
The Mentalist's Robin Tunney resists Simon Baker's charm offensive
By Anooska Tucker-Evans
Mental as Anything
There are few women in the world who wouldn't want to kiss Australian actor Simon Baker.
But his co-star Robin Tunney is one of them.
Tunney plays Det. Teresa Lisbon on the hit crime drama and says, despite there being inklings of romance between her character and Patrick Jane (Baker) throughout the first three seasons, a love match would be a bad idea.
"I don't know where it would go from there unless it was the end of the show because it's not one of the television dramas that shows you what's going on behind closed doors", she says.
"Like, are we supposed to be holding hands at crime scenes? Or that we have a Mentalist Junior and bring the baby to see dead bodies? I feel like, by virtue of the fact that they're the opposite sex, everyone is like, 'Is there going to be romance?' I feel like if there was, it would be embarassing the next episode."
While Tunney is clearly against the idea, she says the decision is not up to her so it still might happen- a prospect that makes her mother very happy.
"My mum's like, 'So are you and Simon going to kiss this year? I feel that the romance is really going to happen this year'", Tunney says, imitating her mother.
"And I'm like, 'Mum, I have no idea', and she's like 'Yes you do and you just can't tell me'. I'm like 'Mum, I don't work for CIA, it's CBS, we're not that serious. But I'd tell you if I knew.'"
There may be no love on screen for the pair at the moment, but off screen the two share a genuine, platonic fondness for each other.
Tunney cannot speak highly enough of Baker, praising him for everything from his work ethic to his devotion for his wife, Australian actress Rebecca Rigg.
"He's got a great marriage, he's got a fantastic wife and I think the idea that he's been married for (so long) is the best thing for me because her's in such a solid situation", Tunney says.
"He loves women and he really respects them and he's the guy who can go, 'Oh, that girl's pretty, but it's like the most benign thing in the world".
The 39-year-old calls Baker her "TV husband" and says he is her rock.
"I'm really scared when this show ends because I really rely on him for advice on things" she says.
"I'm like, 'Well, what do you think if I bought this house?' I have a strong, male figure who's in my life all the time".
Tunney, who got her first break in the witch film 'The Craft', also credits Baker with making her a better actor.
Having done little TV work before 'The Mentalist', apart from guest roles and a two-year stint in the drama 'Prison Break', Tunney says she has learned a lot from Baker who starred in 'Home and Away' and HeartBreak High before scorring the lead role in the hit American legal series 'The Gueardian'.
"He loves going to work and I think that attitude on set definitely goes from the top down", she says.
"He expects everybody to work really hard. I think a lot of other people are, like, asleep at the wheel by this point (season four) and they're happy to do the same thing they've always done, but it's because of Simon that you want to go and do a great job.
"The bar is raised and it's largely due to him".
She even says when the series does end she will be stealing some of his tricks of the trade.
"There are little tricks that he used going in (to the series) I wish I knew, like, 'Yeah, my character has a couch that he likes to lay on', so he doesen't have to stand up in those scenes. And 'My character wears really nice suits so I'll be looking dapper of the next seven years'", she says imitating Baker's voice.
"He's very specific in those choices and if I ever did another TV show again I'd totally rip him off".
Rather than another TV series, though, Tunney says her next step would be into film.
In The Mentalist off-season she starred in the small independent film See Girl Run, which she says reinvigorated her after playing Lisbon for so long.
"Playing a different character was really fun and it's great to be surrounded by a different energy", she says.
"When you're trying to make an independent film it's like a group of kids trying to push a rock up a hill. They're there for the right reasons because they want to learn and they're given opportunities that they wouldn't normally get".
While movis may be Tunney's longterm plan, she says she is content to remain on The Mentalist as long as the storylines continue to be interesting and the characters keep developing.
"I feel blessed to have a plce to go where I like everybody and it really is a family and I feel like it's helping my acting", she says.
When it is time for the show to end though, Tunney and Baker have a plan. "We want to do the last season on the Gold Coast where is farm is", says Tunney, who has been to Australia 10 times.
"He's like, 'Tunney will go, she loves Australia'."
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