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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72285415620655461492018-07-12T12:09:20.980-07:00From Puritans to Common FolkBrad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-6262308280189536872018-06-27T17:58:00.000-07:002018-06-27T17:58:05.950-07:00Why the United States doesn't pay attention to the history of New Spain

From a modern perspective, it may seem strange that history books in the United States focus only on the Pilgrims. That is, the groups of people who came from England in the 1630s to seek religious freedom. And it's a story that is repeated every Thanksgiving, and focuses on Native Americans and people from England, mostly eating turkey, and corn. But there were Europeans all over the Americas, and many of them were from Spain.

I'm going to ask you to time-travel back to a time when the concept of government by the people, for the people, and of the people, was a brand new idea. It's an era called "the enlightenment" if you want to Google it, and I like to call it the "end of the divine right of kings".

Now stay with me here, because the divine right of kings to do whatever the heck they wanted to do had been tied to religion, either with the Holy Roman Empire, or in England with the Anglican Church. And it was taken for granted that ruling people had a divine edict, handed down through generations of the ruling classes, backed by the Church. And that gave tremendous power to rulers like King Henry V.

In 1776 the United States of America wanted to try something different. And that meant a return to an ancient idea, which was called Democracy. And this meant that there would be no King, no Priests, no divine rights. This would be a country founded on the idea that people could rule themselves. It was an outrageous idea, and one that 87 years later (fourscore and seven years) nearly failed. The United States created a representative democracy, called a Republic. Power to the government would come from the votes of the people, not through any type of divine right, or aristocracy, and certainly would not come through an official state church. This was called "separation of church and state".

Separation of Church and State would have been unthinkable in New Spain. When California was New Spain, anyone who wasn't Catholic was forbidden to own land. That's how it worked. To this day Spain still has a King, although like in England his power is nominal.

Ultimately, even my Puritan ancestors lost out. In fact, every one who wanted the new country of the United States to be tied to a particular religion failed. The United States was established without a state religion, which outraged many people then, and still does to this day. But religious freedom is a cornerstone of freedom in the United States, and has been since its founding. Anything that seeks to undermine that chips away at that foundation.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-58325517568375429372018-02-28T08:26:00.000-07:002018-02-28T08:26:31.993-07:00Being a man of God

My family has had a lot of clergymen. The farthest back I can trace is Samuel Stone, who came to America on John Winthrop's ship in 1633, and was the first minister of Hartford, Connecticut. And the family had many men of the cloth, including Hope Atherton, the first minister of Hatfield, Massachusetts. The list goes on and on, and while I'll never know exactly what they taught, based on what I've learned about the overall attitude of Puritans in early America, it was an attempt to share the Word of God, the forgiveness of Jesus, and the principles of Christianity that they felt had been lost over the centuries.

I picture these men as bookish, probably wearing spectacles, and soft-spoken men. The Puritan ministers were servants of their congregation, not of some complex church hierarchy. I don't hear them teaching "fire and brimstone" - when I imagine their voices, I hear a softness, the way that I imagine the voice of Jesus, speaking to children, advising them to turn the other cheek, to love their neighbors.

The reason that these people were called "Puritans" is that they were struggling to purify what they considered the mess that people had made out of the Christian Church. They protested (yes, that's where the word "Protestant" comes from) the way that the church had grown rich and how it abused the people that it was supposed to serve. The church had become a way to threaten people, to keep them in line, another arm of power for Kings. The Puritans disagreed with this use of Christianity.

I don't have any photos of my clergymen ancestors, and even if I did, they would be paintings done in a formal way. But in reality I picture them looking very much like Fred Rogers of the children's TV show "Mr. Roger's Neighborhood", who was a Presbyterian minister. And that's how I hear their voices, comforting, not threatening.

If I've learned anything from my ancestors, it's that being a man of God means being a man of peace. There has only been one perfect person on earth, and He told us what to do, to speak softly.

Image at the top of this post: Statue of Samuel Stone in Hertford, England.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-45569392925098274782017-04-14T06:37:00.000-07:002017-04-14T06:37:52.160-07:00How the Puritans observed Good Friday

My ancestors, the Puritans, observed Good Friday, which is the day that Jesus Christ was crucified. Their thoughts were with their Lord with every breath they took, they refrained from profane acts, they read the Bible. In other words, it was like every other day in their lives.

If you'd like to observe Good Friday like the Puritans did, you simply need to turn away from ceremony. Their faith was simple. It didn't require Priests, or elaborate ceremonies. That's in the essence of what people called them - Puritans. They wanted to purify the way that people followed the Words of Christ. By the way they didn't call themselves Puritans, they called themselves Christians.

Good Friday is the day that the mortal life of Jesus Christ on earth ended. And it's a reminder that the worst can happen, and there are dark days that seem unbearable. But it's also a time to remember that He rose again, and that's what Easter celebrations are all about.

If you're wondering what you should do on Good Friday, what ceremony to perform, where to go, what to wear, I invite you to observe it as the Puritans did. The only place that Jesus needs to be is in your heart, and He knows where that is. He needs no special ceremony, nor did he ever ask for one. He only asked to be remembered. Come as you are.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-85974055479518877272016-12-14T10:47:00.000-07:002016-12-14T10:47:16.142-07:00How to protest against the United States government

The United States was founded on rebellion. The colonials (my family called themselves Continentals) were fed up with how they were being treated by England. And they protested. They protested with words and actions. They took to the streets, and fought a Revolutionary War. And when it was time to establish a government, they took care to allow for the word of the people to be heard.

There were a lot of protests when I was growing up. There was a sense that the government was out of control, and out of touch, with the people. There were protests against the War in Vietnam, there were protests against the unequal treatment of people of color, of women. People stood up, and raised their voices. And looking back, I see that things did change, but I remember how much people had to fight to be heard, as if the United States Government was sitting in a sound-proof box, or something.

Protesting everything has become so common for Americans that it's often ignored by the people in power. And that makes people want to give up. I know, it's just seems so complicated, and no one I know says that they paid any attention in their Government, or Civics, class. I've never met anyone who has much interest in how the United States Government works, how the Electoral College works, what their local Councilperson does.

But protesting was written into the Bill of Rights for the United States. It's called Freedom of Speech. And no, it doesn't mean starting riots and burning things. It means that people can speak up, and protest. And their voices can be heard. It's happened before. I saw the War in Vietnam end, I saw laws change for men and women, of any color, to be treated equally under the law for housing, and employment.

If you've been tempted to speak up, I encourage you. And it starts with a basic understanding of how all of this works. It may seem a mystery to you, but believe me, your teachers tried to explain it to you. And it is complicated, and it is a system. The United States does not have a King, the rules are not completely arbitrary. That's why we broke away from England. We created a county that would allow protest.

Speak up. Let your voice be heard. The power of the United States Government does not come from "the Divine Right of Kings", it's given by the people. And people have fought and died so that Government by the people, of the people, and for the people, can survive.

Power to the People!Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-18684217119693150392016-12-11T12:09:00.000-07:002016-12-11T12:09:44.474-07:00Being Italian in a Scandinavian world

Although on this blog I usually write about my paternal side of the family, sometimes I ponder my maternal side. And on that side, we were Italians.

Well, not full-blooded Italians, of course. I'm not Dean Martin. And in fact most people who look at me would just see a "white guy". One of my brothers describes himself like that, in a deprecating way. You know, we're average white guys from Minnesota.

But most of the people I grew up with in Minnesota were Scandinavian. They were the Satterbergs and the Andersons, etc. My last name is Hall, which is English, and it makes me, on the paternal side of my family, exactly what people think of when they say "white guy" - A White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP). And the culture that my dad grew up with was Germanic, so he liked Sauerkraut, that sort of thing. But my mom made spaghetti. Her father (my grandfather) was born in Italy.

I now know that if you've never lived anywhere except where you grew up, culture is invisible to you. I've talked to a lot of people who are puzzled by what I say and just tell me stuff like "that's just the way it's done" - as if the whole world acted that way. It's impossible to see your culture if that's all you know, and you've never looked at it from the outside.

And I probably wouldn't have realized how Italian I was, and how much I had been influenced by Scandinavian culture I that am, until I moved to California, and Arizona.

I can still sing the songs "Valkin' in my Vinter Undervear", "Yust a little Lefsa", and "I Yust Go Nuts at Christmas". I've never seen Lefsa, but I've seen Ludafisk (no, I've never eaten it). My family ate meat and potatoes. My friends all ate "Hot Dish", but my mom never made it. She made the most wonderful spaghetti, with handmade noodles and homemade sauce. I've since learned that it was "Chicken Cacciatore", but we just called it spaghetti, and it seemed perfectly natural. I have the recipe, and I've made it here every once in a while, because sometimes I get a craving for it.

My mom loved the voice of the Italian crooners from the 1950s, like Dean Martin, Tony Bennett, and Frank Sinatra. She loved the soulful voice of Nat King Cole, and those are the voices that I recall singing Christmas songs when I was a kid.

Looking back, it seems very strange that the Italians came to Minnesota as early as the 1800s. They're not as numerous as the Scandinavian people are, and most people would never associate Minnesota with Italians. But it was my family, and my culture, and it became part of me.

Photo at the top of this post: With my mom and brothers in Minneapolis (I'm the one on the left). Average white guys, but if you said "spaghetti!" we were thrilled, and we would actually help make it.

Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-44837360381602338802016-12-06T16:19:00.000-07:002016-12-06T16:21:57.812-07:00How the Puritans celebrated Christmas

My family, the Puritans, would not have celebrated Christmas. Certainly not in the way that most people in the United States celebrate it now. Theirs was a world that was immersed in their faith, they had no reason for holidays, or special occasions. They worshipped God, and Jesus, with every breath they took, in every waking moment. Whether they shouted "Praise the Lord" with every fork-full of hay, I have no idea, but I imagined they did, if not out loud, then with every beat of their heart.

And they were very disappointed by the establishment of the United States of America. Theirs was world based on the Bible, the Word of God, the Judeo-Christian principles. But the country that was established had no official religion, it was not based on God. It was based on the rights of man, on Humanist principles. The Puritans would have resented such Godlessness, rejected other religions, other ways of thought. And ultimately even the world "Puritanical" came to mean someone who was unforgiving, and inflexible, in their beliefs.

The Puritans deeply believed that theirs was the only way for all people to live. They believed in the Word of God as the only way to guide them. For them it was unthinkable to just go to Church on Sunday, or to celebrate the life of Jesus only on December 25th.

And there are still a lot of people who believe that to this day. And they will always be in conflict with the established government of the United States, which has no official religion. Establishing a country with no foundation in Divinity was a radical idea for the 18th Century, and many times this experiment has nearly failed. 87 years into the life of the country it nearly failed in a Civil War. But the country held together. And while the Puritans failed, the government by the people, for the people, and of the people did not perished from the earth.

In the United States of America, each according to the dictates of his own conscience. The Puritans would have never allowed that.

Freedom of Religion by Norman Rockwell.

Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-70280607659921085142016-12-03T10:18:00.000-07:002016-12-03T10:18:00.157-07:00Why Americans dislike Kings

My family, the Puritans, came to the New World to be free of being told what to do by the Church of England. And really, that meant the King of England. And being disloyal to a King can get you killed! So they left.

Of course, they became colonialists of England, but it just never set right with them. They wanted to break away. And in 1776, they did. And to this day, the people of the United States deeply resent Kings, Tyrants, and Dictators.

Of course, in the stories that I grew up with, and Disney movies, castles, Princesses, and all of that are the things of fantasy. I still refer to my dog as a "little Princess" and I'm flattered if someone calls me "Princely" or a "King among men". But the reality is something that my family fought against, beginning with the Revolutionary War.

At the risk of spoiling every Disney Princess for you, that type of wealth was based on a bunch of "fat cats" being rich while the rest of the people in the country lived in poverty to support their lavish lifestyle. Of course, your average Princess didn't spend much time outside of her little wealthy word of the castle, but if she did, she would have seen where all of the money came to pay for it. This was a world of feudalism, serfdom, and slavery. This was wealth based on colonialism, and conquest.

The United States rejected all of that. They rejected the Divine Right of Kings, they rejected an official State religion. There was to be no aristocracy, no worth based on class. No Kings, no Queens, no Princes, no Princesses.

After World War I and II, the attitudes towards Kings underwent a major change in the world. Tyrants, Dictators, and anyone who claimed to have a direct connect to God which allowed them to rule a country were disposed of, many times with horrific violence. And different types of governments were put in place, some Republic, some Democratic, some Communist, some Socialist. Russia took it to the extreme, pretty much outlawing religion, and going so far as to rename St. Petersburg to Leningrad.

But many people like the idea of Kings, and are willing to pay for them. In the UK, there are people who live in royal splendor, and the people there are happy to pay for their support. In fact, UK stands for "United Kingdom". No, they're not really ruled by a King, but they like to have one, just to look at. And many Americans get a big kick out of following the Royal Families, kind of like following celebrities, because they're rich and famous.

But not in the United States. The people of the United States aren't ruled by a Divine Ruler, they're ruled by laws. Those laws are interpreted by people. And those people can reference anything they like, any religion they like, any ideology, in order to interpret the law. But there are no Kings, Queens, Princes or Princesses.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-26290375862122539642016-12-01T07:50:00.000-07:002016-12-01T07:50:20.213-07:00Why wealthy people fear Communism and Socialism

My family, the Puritans, believed in the community, and the importance of of a social society. But they weren't Communists, or Socialists. And that's because they were wealthy.

No, I don't mean that they were fabulously rich, or anything like that. But they were the typical hard-working people who farmed, saved their money, and wanted the decision of how much of it to give away to be in their control. They tithed to the church, they gave to the poor.

The United States of America was founded on personal wealth. This was not the wealth of kings, not wealth based on servitude, this was the wealth of what Thomas Jefferson called the "Yeoman farmer", a freeman, not a serf, or a renter of land from a Land Lord, not a slave to anyone, and certainly not to the state. These feelings run deep to this day in the American psyche, and the entire American concept of freedom is based on this.

This type of equality for all was a strange concept when it was first written into the Declaration of Independence. And while at the time it was restricted to white males, it has been expanded to all people of the United States, and the United States continues to send a clear message to the world that it considers this the only way for all people to live.

If you could visit my family in Massachusetts in the 1700s, you would probably laugh at what they considered wealth. My families' farms probably looked more like a typical "red neck" trailer park than anything else. But to them it was fabulous. They had come from a world where this type of wealth was never even possible for them, where they would always be in servitude to a Land Lord, and a King. But in the New World, the food they grew belonged to them. They bowed to no one but God, who was their only Lord.

When the Constitution of the United States was written, it reinforced this belief. And during the Civil War, this point of view almost destroyed the young country. But it stood. For life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Anything that endangers that liberty raises the ire of the people of the United States, whether it be from dictators, Communists, or Socialists. And that's because the spirit of the Yeoman farmer still burns bright in America, even if all they have is a trailer and an old truck to call their own. They stand ready to defend it.Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-88745528004422928732016-11-30T11:00:00.000-07:002017-08-18T14:44:18.896-07:00How revolution shook the world, and continues to shake it

If you've made the mistake of calling my family "patriots" because they fought with George Washington, you're been given a false view of history. My family weren't patriots, they were revolutionaries. You can find them in the snake map up there, they were M (Massachusetts)

The Revolutionary War, which started in 1776 and ended with the forming of the United States of America, was just one of the shocks that were waking up the old order at the time. And the old order was a world of tremendous wealth being held by a very tiny percentage of the population, while the rest of the world carried them. It was feudalism, serfdom, colonialism, and slavery.

It's impossible to say exactly when this type of thinking arose among common people, but it's usually referred to as "the Age of Reason", which lead to "the Enlightenment". It was something that began with the Renaissance, which can be seen either as the end of the "Dark Ages" or the "the Era of Faith".

My family, in the United States, decided to throw off the "Diving Right of Kings" and to instead embrace Humanism. There was to be no official State Religion, no King. It was an outrageous idea, and one that the world waited to see fail. But it caught on, like wildfire.

In France, the cry was "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity!" which ultimately meant that the fat cats would have to go. And they killed the King, and the aristocrats. Yes, they chopped their heads off. And then in the 20th Century, the Tsar in Russia was executed. The revolutionaries took over.

Of course, what happens after a revolution is what it's all about. In France, Napoleon stepped in and declared himself a divine ruler, until they finally exiled him. When Russia became the U.S.S.R., the Communists created a state of terror for the people that is still a lesson on what not to do. In places like Cuba, the Communist Government was so terrible that people were literally swimming away, choosing their chances of death rather than stay there.

My family didn't want to be a colony supporting England. And many countries supported their wealth based on colonialism, especially England. To this day, there are people fighting to break away from that type of oppression. Some call them terrorists, some call them freedom fighters. They're all revolutionaries.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-75576881694854142562016-11-29T09:17:00.000-07:002016-11-29T09:22:05.883-07:00Why the United States had to defeat the Japanese in World War II

When you think of the fight against the Japanese in World War II, you think of it being done by the United States. And that's what happened. My dad was there, as a Marine in Okinawa. He survived, but a lot of U.S. GIs didn't. And the Americans won, mostly because of the Atomic Bomb. My dad was part of the invasion force that ultimately didn't have to invade mainland Japan, because of that.

But it surprises a lot of people that both China and Russia were allied with the United States during World War II. And if you look at a map, you will see that both Russia and China are right there next to Japan. And they are huge countries, with gigantic populations, and they had large armies. But they couldn't do much in the way of fighting Japan. Which, of course, was a frustration to the United States.

If you're wondering why Russia couldn't do much, you have to consider how incredibly large Russia is, and that most of the population is thousands of miles west, near Europe. So, yes, the Russians fought the Nazis on the Western Front, but getting troops to fight Japan was logistically almost impossible. And as far as China goes, it has become a trivia question to ask if they were allied with America. Yes, they were, but they didn't seem to be able to make much of a dent in the fight against Japan.

It's all been so long ago that nowadays people seem to forget that the United States was sitting quietly and peacefully on December 7th, 1941, when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. Since then the U.S. has taken on a very strong military role in the world, but at the time, it was mostly interested in being left alone. After World War I, Americans had lost their taste for war, and considered what was going on in the Old World and Asia to be their problem. Yes, most Americans were isolationists.

And the war probably would have dragged on, if it hadn't been for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. And that was when Japan woke up a sleeping giant, and ultimately had to deal with the full force and fury of the United States. They had made a mistake.

My dad survived Okinawa, and the United States forced Japan to surrender. And if someone says that it was because of the Russians, or the Chinese, it's time for them to read a history book, or talk to my dad.

Tell it to the Marines!

Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-62934093175140422062016-11-20T12:48:00.000-07:002016-11-20T21:23:08.734-07:00The Puritans and the holiday of Thanksgiving

If you're under the impression that my family, the Puritans, had anything to do with the holiday of Thanksgiving, sorry, it's not true. But I'm not saying that it wasn't true of the Pilgrims. But the Pilgrims and the Puritans were two different groups. And the difference had to do with a connection with England, which the history books in America have kinda glossed over.

My family, the Puritans, were not Pilgrims. They did not land at Plymouth Rock, they did not come over on the Mayflower, and they sure weren't starving enough to welcome food brought to them, on Thanksgiving Day, by the Native Americans. They were living in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was far from the "howling wilderness". They kept their connection to England because ships sailed back and forth to and from there all of the time.

OK, I know that nowadays "Pilgrim" and "Puritan" mean the same thing. The history of the founding of America, by the Pilgrims is the story that America chose to tell once it became embarrassingly rich. And make no mistake, the Massachusetts Bay Colony became incredibly rich. So much so that they saw no reason to keep any connection politically with England. And the United States is, to this day, an embarrassingly wealthy nation.

So in the 1800s, it turned its eyes to more humble beginnings - the Pilgrims, Plymouth Rock, the Mayflower. It just makes sense that the obscenely wealthy people of New England wanted to say that they had come from humble beginnings. Of course it wasn't true, but it makes a great story.

So yeah, it's kind of a trivia point to say that Puritans aren't the same as Pilgrims. And to be fair, the Pilgrims make a better story. They're humbler and more pious. My family, the Puritans, were making so much money in Boston that they could flaunt a power like England. They created their own government, their own army. They called themselves Continentals.

By the way, in spite of their wealth, the Puritans were true Protestants. They believed in the Word of God, and they lived a life of thanksgiving. They thanked God for bringing them to the New World, for delivering them from the corruption that they had seen in the Old World. And they didn't give thanks on the third Thursday of November, they did it every day, with every breath they took.Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-69498597897937935912016-11-18T11:44:00.000-07:002016-11-18T11:46:41.130-07:00Why the Italian side of my family came to Minnesota

Even though this blog is mostly about my Puritan ancestors, who came over in the 1600s from England, every once in a while I think about the Italian side of my heritage. And this morning I was pondering how strange it is for the large community of Vietnamese people to be living in Minnesota, and then I wondered how in the world Italians got there. My grandfather, to be specific.

My grandfather, Lorenzo Scinto, was born in Italy and came to America as a small boy. He did the usual thing of going through Ellis Island, and the family settled in Chicago. And I'm guessing the spaghetti and pizza were wonderful in their Italian neighborhood. And then it gets strange.

As a young man, Lorenzo went to be a lumberjack in northern Michigan. I like to think of him, a handsome and rugged man who towered over just about no one, because he was 5' 3". But he must have been tough. I suppose that there were men from all over the world there, but somehow picturing my grandfather with all of the big Germans and Swedes is just hard for me to do. But he was there. And from there it was a short step to the iron mines.

Grade school diploma for my grandfather Lorenzo Scinto. It was the highest education the family had ever achieved.

My grandfather started working in the Iron Mines of Michigan. He must have been a pretty smart guy, because although he only had a grade school education, he became an engineer. And when he moved to the Iron Mines of Minnesota (the Mesabi range) he was well paid. He bought a house, always had new cars. He went by the name of John (actually Jack) and although I never met him, I'm told that he spoke perfect English, and of course Italian.

When his daughter (my mom) was in High School she met my dad (that's the other side of the family, of course) and after my dad got his Business Degree they moved down to the Twin Cities, spending some time in Mankato, and ultimately settling down in Minneapolis, where my dad worked for the Ford Motor Company for thirty years.

My last name is Hall, and even people who knew my mom's maiden name had no idea that Scinto was Italian. My brothers and I just look like ordinary white guys, and it surprises people that we have so much Italian blood. I fought against my "five o'clock" shadow for years, and my younger brother embraced that look, which became popular in the 1980s. Before that only gangsters walked around with stubble on their face.

Ultimately, I don't feel very Italian, except maybe that I love pasta and I can't imagine living anywhere that snows. My grandfather was very young when he left southern Italy, so he probably didn't remember the warm breezes. But I think there's a memory of Italy deep in my blood.

Image at the top of this post: My grandfather Lorenzo (Jack) Scinto, and a dog, Michigan, USA, 1915Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-27048244169637965722016-10-17T11:22:00.000-07:002016-10-17T11:22:11.332-07:00How the Puritans wanted to read the mind of God

My family, the Puritans, were among a group called Protestants, who wanted to understand the Word of God for themselves. They wanted to throw away the Priests, and the ceremonies. They wanted the Word to be translated into a language that that ordinary people could understand, not just Latin. And as you would imagine, this outraged many people in the Church, as this was seen as an attempt to read the mind of God.

Martin Luther

By the time of the rise of the Protestants, the Word of God, especially the Gospels of Jesus Christ, had been carefully preserved for over 1500 years. Like anything precious, they were guarded, revered, and then ultimately locked away. And then people like Martin Luther had begun to wonder why this direct connection to the Word of God had been buried away. It was, after all the Good News that Jesus had shared. And the idea that the Gospel be freely shared was a revolutionary idea during the time of Martin Luther. He wanted to see the Bible translated into his modern language, which was German.

My ancestors fought for their right to see the Word of God for themselves. And not only were they seen as blasphemous, they were seen as a genuine threat to the power of the clergy, and ultimately the power of Kings. They were asked to leave their native country, England, and decided to suffer the howling wilderness of the New World.

It's been so long ago that nowadays it's difficult to imagine the outrage that the established Church would have had against the Protestants. But it's as if ordinary people were trying to read the mind of God.

My family won, and changed the Church, both Protestant and Catholic. The Bible changed from being something that was locked away to being something that was shared. And the good news flowed again.

Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-49173969066098001702016-10-12T15:49:00.000-07:002016-10-12T15:52:43.861-07:00How the Puritans failed to create a Theocracy in the New World

When Cotton Mather wrote about the declension, in the Magnalia Christi Americana (the Great Works of Christ in America) in 1702, he was describing what was becoming a failure to achieve the dreams of his grandparents, John Cotton and Richard Mather. The dream, of course, was to create a shining city on the hill, a new Jerusalem in the New World, governed by the Word of God.

Nowadays we would call their dream a Theocracy. That is, government by God. Or, to be more precise, by God's representatives on Earth. And as Cotton Mather looked around him, he wasn't seeing the devotion of his grandparents' era. And make no mistake, that devotion had no place for any other God than theirs, any other point of view than what was spelled out in the Judeo-Christian Bible, which at the time was the King James version, published in 1611.

To the dismay of the Puritans, the country that was formed after winning its independence was not a Theocracy. It was a Republic, which insisted on the type of freedom of worship that the Puritans would never have stood for - each according to the dictates of their own conscience. No reference was made to the Divine Right of Kings, or to a specific religion. Rights that could not be taken away (inalienable rights) were granted by a Creator, which left the interpretation of that creator to be open to any religion, or none at all. The Puritans, and the whole world, waited for that country to fail, to turn to a king, to establish an official religion. Democracy, and Republicanism, had failed before.

Eighty-seven years after the creation of that country, the 16th President of the United States of America, Abraham Lincoln, wondered if that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated could long endure. It does.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-86831673654087349512016-09-10T10:23:00.000-07:002016-09-10T10:23:57.547-07:00A celebration of life, and acceptance of death

I love looking at old photos, especially of my relatives, and imagining their lives. I have meticulously written down every piece of information that I could find, collected every photo I could. I've had the photos upon the wall over my piano for almost twenty years, and up on the internet for almost as long.

But it has worried some people. I want to try to explain that these aren't just pictures of dead people, the fact that they're dead is a trivial point. This is my family, and death doesn't change that.

I was raised in a culture that doesn't speak of death. Cemeteries are for Halloween, death is for the horror effect. When someone dies, it's appropriate, in my culture, to just move on. It's not as extreme as in some cultures, for which it's taboo to even speak the name of the dead, but death is to be seen as an end. Maybe they went to heaven, or something.

When I moved to Phoenix, I was introduced to a culture that was very different from my own, through my Hispanic friends. And yes, it's a culture of family, but it also includes family that are no longer living. I have to admit that I found it kinda creepy that these people would visit graves often, sometimes even have picnics at cemeteries. In the culture that I was raised in, we would visit graves only in a sad and sombre mood, with tears because of death. To visit the dead with joy seems like a sacrilege.

So no, I'm not trying to get my dead relatives on the Ouija board. I don't have my great-grand-uncle's skull in my garage. I don't hang around cemeteries waiting for a ghost to rise up out of the ground. And for people who see only this, I feel sadness.

There's a wonderful feeling of connection here, as if someone could live forever as long as they have a heart to live in.Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-7447891658685835362016-08-31T12:26:00.000-07:002016-08-31T12:26:39.863-07:00The embarrassment of wealth in the United States

My ancestors, the Puritans, were not poor. They were not Pilgrims. They didn't land at Plymouth Rock, they landed at Boston Harbor. And if you know the difference between the success of these two areas, you know which group grew richer.

Now waitaminute, they weren't wealthy aristocrats. They didn't come from the landed gentry of England. They were hard-working farmers, clergymen, and teachers. They believed in a very strict work ethic. They tilled the land, stored crops left over for a rainy day, built cities. They were involved with the breaking away from England, were revolutionaries, and helped to build the new country of the United States of America. And along the way, they became embarrassed by their wealth. And that embarrassment of the wealthy citizens of the United States continues to this day.

Instead of pointing to the Puritans as the people who who our ancestors, the United States decided to point to the Pilgrims. They didn't didn't want to be associated with the obscene wealth of places like Boston Harbor. They wanted the founding to be on Plymouth Rock, by a group that was so poor that they could barely get by, and needed help being fed, on Thanksgiving, by the local Native Americans. The image of poverty, and humility, is more appealing.

In the meantime, the Puritans were sending ships back and forth just about every day to England, and the world. Their attitude of hard work and seeing to it that life got better with every generation became the "American Work Ethic". The United States prospered. Eventually the entire country was producing enough food to feed the world, and building cities, building roads. It must have been astonishing to see. And embarrassing.

If you live in the U.S., and are embarrassed by your wealth, I understand. My ancestors would have been puzzled by the mega-churches that look more like football stadiums, with jumbo screens, than anything eccelsastical. Seeing so many people eat at restaurants, and pay so much, would seen very strange to them. They would be embarrassed by the "conspicuous consumption".

As a kid growing up in Minnesota, this dichotomy fascinated me. On the one hand, the faith that I learned spoke of the evils of money, that rich people couldn't go to heaven. And on the other hand, I was raised to work hard, be frugal, and see what kind of interest I could get on my savings.

The solution, of course, is that no one considers themselves rich. No matter how many earthly possessions they have, their houses, their cars, their computers, their restaurant meals, they aren't wealthy. It's a sliding scale. Only the other people are wealthy. And it's an embarrassment of wealth.
Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-15894898882814622612016-08-21T09:10:00.000-07:002016-08-21T09:10:34.351-07:00How taxes replaced tithing in the United States

My ancestors, the Puritans, would have given a lot to their church. That is, they would have given a minimum of 10% (a tithe) to help the church help the community. The church in turn would give some of that money to the needy, the sick, the poor, the people who were too old to work. And, of course, there would have been disagreement as to how that money should be given away, used for the church, or whatever needs the elders may have decided. By the way, just to clarify, I'm using the word church the way that my ancestors would have used it, not just a building, but a congregation: wherever two or more are gathered in His name.

When the new United States government came into being, one of the goals was to embrace everyone in the country, not just members of a church. And that led to something that still confuses people to this day, using tax money to help the needy.

If you're a progressive person (or, if you prefer the term liberal), you're in favor of helping people in need. Progressives (and I'm one of them) believe that a government should do more than just help rich people get richer. They should collect money, and redistribute it as needed, through programs like Social Security.

It's been a long road from tithes to taxes and the argument continues. Everyone I talk to hates paying taxes, and wants to pay either the bare minimum, or if they could get away with it, nothing. Conversely, everyone I talk to is a believer in a community caring for the needy. Some people say, "let the church do it!", which is what my ancestors did. But as popular as churches are to this day, they can't support the needs of the community the way that Federal, State, and local government can. And government can only do that if they collect taxes.

So if you're paying "way too much in taxes", think of the Puritans. If they had a bountiful harvest, they would give much of it away freely. Because they knew that the Lord loves a cheerful giver.Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-5789910272465613992016-08-13T08:32:00.000-07:002016-08-13T08:32:57.512-07:00How the United States government protects itself from tyrants

You don't hear much about tyrants anymore. When I was a kid, I heard it a lot. In fact, it was in one of the patriotic songs that they made us kids sing in school, the Stars and Stripes Forever. And of course, we had no idea of its meaning. This is how they taught it to us

Let tyrants remember the day
When our fathers with mighty endeavor
Proclaimed as they marched to the fray,
That by their might and by their right
It waves forever.

I just Googled it, and it looks like John Phillips Sousa originally used the word "despot", not "tyrant", but they mean the same thing - it means a person who has concentrated power over a people and is ruling in a way that they people don't want. There's a difference between a tyrant and ruler, that is, a benign King. If the people like the way he's doing things, then he's not a tyrant. But he still has control of the power of the country in his hands. And the new United States of America didn't want that, and built it into the laws of the country.

It started with George Washington, who had been offered to be the King of the new country after the war for independence had been won. He declined, and instead choose the title of president. He didn't want to be like King George (whom he considered a tyrant), nor did he want presidents that came after him to have the type of concentration of power that a King had, which could so easily turn into tyranny. So a complex system was put in place, with two groups (House and Senate) that would govern the country, along with government in the hands of the states, and right down to the municipal level.

So, contrary to popular belief, the president of the United States really doesn't have much power, except during wartime. He can make suggestions, veto things, make speeches, but he's not really in control. That's not how the system works. When various presidents have gotten too much power (and there are several examples in U.S. history), laws were quickly put into place to reel them back.

George Washington, and his revolutionary friends, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, etc., wanted to break away from the arbitrary rule of a single person over an entire country. They rejected the "divine right of Kings", which had so easily led to tyranny. And so the next time you wonder who is governing the United States, don't look at the president, start with your local councilperson, your local Justice of the Peace, your State Senators. As you work your way through this complex series of what are known as "checks and balances", it may get very confusing. But that's the way the founding fathers of the U.S. wanted, it and that's the way it works.

Down with tyrants!Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-70631574510780163652016-07-27T06:13:00.000-07:002016-07-27T06:13:54.761-07:00Freedom of speech, and tolerance of other religious and political views

My family, the Puritans, would have been the last to tolerate the type of freedom of speech and tolerance of other religious and political views that the new United States of America embraced. And because of that, "Puritanical" thinking, which is synonymous with intolerance, has become something of a cliche that most people are familiar with.

So while they're my family, I won't defend them. As a citizen of the United States of America, I defend the concept of the right to freedom of speech, and tolerance of diverse thought.

If you're puzzled nowadays how all of this works, it's not surprising. It's a fairly new idea for the human condition, to allow so many different points of view to guide a country. Up until the founding of the United States, most countries were run by very few people, such as Kings and Aristocrats. And it kept order, but it limited freedom in a way that the new United States wanted to break away from. And of course the people in power wanted to destroy this concept, and put things back to the way that they had been for thousands of years. The United States has fought many wars to defend this freedom, and won.

Although the expression "melting pot" has been used for the United States, it never really happened that the people living there all just "melted" into the same way of thinking, the same political views, the same religion. The United States is a country of people living next door to each other of widely varying religions, and political views. And that can lead to tension, if not violence, if people forget the principles that the country was founded on.

I do not support my neighbor's political candidate, nor do I attend their church. But they're friends of mine, and I defend their right to make their choices freely. I do not stand on my yard and shout them down, but if we talk, I may speak of my beliefs, and I listen to theirs. That's what freedom of speech is.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-20135651580180427912016-07-26T10:07:00.000-07:002016-07-26T10:12:40.121-07:00The mysterious wedding photo of Grandma Steele

I like old photos, especially of my family. And I've collected a lot of them, and worked hard to figure out exactly who are in them, and when the photo was taken. But one of the most difficult things I ever figured out was the mysterious wedding photo of Grandma Steele.

The lady in the photo there is my Great-great grandmother Susan (Hume) Steele. The man seated on her left (on the right of the photo) is her husband, Andrew Steele. But take a closer look at the photo. Why would there be those people back there? And Susan is about the same age as the people in the background of the photo, and Andrew is clearly of the older generation. But I eventually figured it out.

I got this photo from my Grandmother Scinto, and it had the names of Andrew and Susan, and the date 1881, and that it was their wedding portrait, on the back. And my Grandmother and my mother both remembered Grandma (Susan) Steele.

It took a long time, and a lot of detective work, but the answer was that this was Andrew Steele's second marriage, and those people in the background were his grown children from his first marriage. He was in his forties and his new bride was in her twenties. I didn't research the children of his first marriage, but they were probably about the same age as the bride.

My bias was obviously that I only imagined that people of the same age got married. If you've done genealogy, you kind'a figure a new generation every twenty years or so, so people getting married should be in their twenties, as a general rule. But there are exceptions! Mystery solved.

Grandma Steele (at right) in 1922 with her daughter Isabelle (holding my Uncle Robert Scinto) and Grandma Steele's granddaughter Marcellaine Scinto (standing). Four generations.

Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-24230128040716911292016-05-19T07:55:00.000-07:002016-05-19T14:45:01.957-07:00Revolutionary thinking, from my family to Karl Marx

My family, the Puritans, who were living in America in 1776, were revolutionaries. Nowadays the term "patriot" is used, but back then being a patriot meant supporting the King, which we didn't. We were revolutionaries. And as Benjamin Franklin said, "if we didn't hang together, we would hang separately". We organized an army. We fought with guerrilla tactics.

The rejection of Imperial power has always been the story of revolutionaries. Oppressive government causes groups of people to not only reject the authority, but to fight against it. In the case of the American Revolution, at least here in the U.S., we applaud it. In the case of the revolution against the Czars of Russia, not so much.

The revolution in Russia was the brainchild of Karl Marx, who wrote "The Communist Manifesto". Yes, Joseph Stalin put it into practical practice, but he was following the words of Marx. The main idea, in case you'd rather not be seen walking around with a copy of "The Communist Manifesto", is that the wealth was concentrated in the hands of very few people, and something needed to be done about it.

The establishment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was supposed to bring about the utopian world of "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". But as an experiment in equality, it was a terrible failure. Communism turned very suddenly into the worst type of dictatorship. If you know your history of Communism, including Cuba and Red China, you know that.

I grew up in a world that rejected the concept of Communism. Fidel Castro was a dangerous madman. Mao Tse Tung was mentioned in a Beatle's song, with the recommendation that you shouldn't go carrying pictures of him. Wars were fought by the United States in Korea and Vietnam in order to prevent the spread of Communism. And in 1989, I watched on TV as the ultimate symbol of that victory was torn down, the Berlin Wall.

My family rejected the Divine Right of Kings in 1776. They rejected National Socialism (Nazism) in World War II. They reject Kings, and they reject Dictators. We bow to no one, except maybe God, and that is a choice that we can make for ourselves.

As a kid, I wanted to learn about this stuff, so I read some books. But the feelings still run so deep that even intellectual curiosity is seen as perversive. If you're curious about how all of this went down, go take a look at your local library. The United States does not censor books. This, among many other freedoms, is what my family fought for, and won.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-91458888288053303242016-04-03T10:03:00.001-07:002016-04-07T20:46:08.900-07:00My family, and their rejection of authority

My family has always resisted authority. From the rejection of the Anglican Church of King Henry VIII, to saying "Don't tread on me" to King George in the 1770s, my family has resisted being pushed around by "big government".

As a Protestant myself, I'm quick to reject authority. I prefer getting the Word of God from a Bible, not a person who claims to be in authority. Leaders of Protestant churches are ministers, or preachers, and it doesn't matter how much fancy posturing they try to do, if Protestants don't like them, they reject them.

This attitude spills out into ordinary life in the United States. As a country, we have tended to protest a lot. When I was a kid, the war in Vietnam was protested. Although I show due respect to people in uniform, like police, I don't snap to attention in their presence.

Yes, I am a patriotic, law-abiding citizen, but not because someone in authority has told me to be. I studied civics in high school, and I am continuing my education about how governments work. I will stop for a red light, not for fear of getting a ticket, but because I know what a red light is there for. So, don't worry, I have no interest in overthrowing the government, because I know that because of people like my family, here in the United States, it's government by the people and for the people.

Don't tread on me.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-34806438306033855902016-03-31T21:34:00.000-07:002016-04-01T11:03:36.038-07:00Why no one talked about the Vietnam War when I was a kid

No one talked about the Vietnam War when I was a kid. People screamed about it, and ranted about it, but I never got any straight answers. Even after I grew up, information was difficult to find. Sure, there were a lot of opinions, and stylized fiction in movies, but I had a lot of difficulty getting just plain facts.

I turned 18 in 1976, a year after the United States ended its involvement in Vietnam. I think it surprises people to find out how long this war lasted, as it seems as if it were a "1960s" war. It started in the 1950s, and escalated over the next twenty years.

It began under the presidency of Dwight Eisenhower, as part of the United States defense against world Communism after World War II. The United States and the Soviet Union (Russia) were vying for world power, and the United States was interested in preventing countries from "falling" to the Communists. The fear was that if one country fell, another one would, and then another one. This was called the "Domino Theory". So even small countries were important, like Korea, and Vietnam.

The Vietnam War continued through the presidency of John F. Kennedy, continued on after his assassination in 1963, kept going on through Lyndon Johnson's complete term, through the complete term of the next president, Richard Nixon, and well into the term of his successor, Gerald Ford.

Of course, I was just a kid, so it's all very hazy to me. I do remember that it made people very angry. And when I hear people talk about it, I rarely hear anyone talk about how it just seemed to drag on, year after year after year. Presidents came and went, and the war continued. People protested, and the war continued. The number of casualties was reported on the news, and the war continued.

Today I visited the traveling Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall with a friend of mine who is a Vietnam veteran. If you've never seen the wall (which is Washington, DC), the scaled replica is also amazing. And it's quite a jolt to see the veterans walk up to it and look for the names of people.

Make no mistake, this is not a memorial to the Vietnam War, this is a memorial for the soldiers. And maybe it's just as well that we don't talk about the Vietnam War, but it's good to be able to talk about the people who were affected by it - those who made the ultimate sacrifice, and those who lived in the shadow of that war for so many years.

Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-54455537909421984802016-03-28T19:43:00.000-07:002016-03-28T19:44:00.531-07:00Why the day after Easter was the same as Easter to the Puritans

My family, the Puritans, celebrated Easter. They celebrated the resurrection of Jesus Christ on Easter Day.

And there was nothing unusual about that, because they celebrated it every day. They celebrated it with every breath they took. Whether they hid eggs or wore Easter bonnets on Easter Sunday, I have no idea. They were people, with families (obviously, because I'm here), so it stands to reason that they did the things that kids love to do.

As Puritans, they had broken away from the established Church of their forefathers. Theirs was not a world of dogma and ceremony, theirs was a world that revolved around the Word of God, which they read in the Bible that they had fought for, in a language that they understood, with no need of intervention from Priests.

The Puritans didn't do what their religious leaders told them, it was the reverse - the congregation ruled. To this day, Protestants tend to resent being told what to do. But they knew what to do, and they saw the Light of the World with every sunrise.Brad Hallhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-7228541562065546149.post-51917174083046850812016-02-21T11:17:00.000-07:002016-03-27T21:29:44.379-07:00Turning to a loving God in times of despair

In a longish life, I've listened to a lot of people who talk about a vengeful God. Their memories seem to be of Sunday School, and lessons of "fire and brimstone". And this makes me sad, as I realize that in times of despair, theirs is a God that they just can't turn to. But I know of a loving God, and his name is Jesus Christ.

Now waitaminute, I'm not telling you what to think. I'm not going to hand you a pamphlet, or thump a Bible. And if Jesus doesn't work for you, then that's fine. But I would like to encourage you to take the journey of discovery, and decide for yourself.

The message of Jesus Christ is so completely simple that a lot of people just miss it. They're looking for complex details, or "the catch". They're wondering if they need to wear something in particular, or memorize chants. And His message can be explained in one word: Love.

In moments of despair, I talk to Jesus. No, I don't go walking down the street, talking out loud to Him, nor do I couch the terms in 17th Century English with a lot of "thous" and "thees". And no, I'm not entirely sure what he looks like, but that really doesn't matter to me.

Somewhere along the line, the simple message of love that Jesus shared got twisted by people who wore strange hats, and did chants, and used and abused their power over people. My ancestors, the Puritans, threw all of that away, and they did so at the risk of their lives. They were interested in the pure message of God. They were Puritans.Brad Hallhttps://email@example.com


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TMZ reports that the British Columbia Coroners Service has conducted an autopsy on the 31-year-old star, who was found dead in his Vancouver hotel room on Saturday. According to a source close to the investigation, toxicology analysis revealed that Monteith died from a "mixed drug toxicity, involving heroin and alcohol."
Cory was found dead in his room at the Fairmont Pacific Rim hotel in Vancouver, Canada on Saturday July 13th. He had been scheduled to check out earlier that day, but when he failed to do so, hotel staff entered his room and discovered his body.


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Never Miss a Skype for Business Notification Again In early 2016 I wrote a post titled, Making Sure You See Skype for Business Notifications—No Matter What!. In said post I reviewed a notification app called SuperToast, made by Modality Systems.
5 Ways to Conceal a Teams Channel
We can't make fully private channels in Teams yet. But we can conceal a channel from other Teams users. Private Channels has taken the top spot at UserVoice, as the most-requested Teams feature. Microsoft is, as of this post, "Working


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N. Linguswamy is an Indian film director, screenwriter and film producer, working primarily in Tamil cinema based in Chennai. He made his directorial debut with the family-drama Aanandham in 2001 and followed it up with the highly successful action films Run (2002), Sandakozhi (2005), and Paiyaa (2010). He and his brother N. Subash Chandrabose have also produced films through his production company, Thirupathi Brothers.
Friday, 5 October 2012
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Catalyst Group
The NCRC Catalyst Group is comprised of students, postsdoctoral fellows, and employees from all of the universities and companies on the NC Research Campus (NCRC) in Kannapolis. This informal group was started in 2010 to allow people from the various schools and businesses on campus to meet each other and foster personal and professional relationships through professional development and social events. All Catalyst activities by the NCRC Catalyst Group are run voluntarily by its members. The Catalyst Group is sponsored by the NC Biotechnology Center, UNC Chapel Hill Nutrition Research Institute and Dole Nutrition Institute. Questions? Email email@example.com.
Catalyst's 7th Annual Spring Symposium: Crossroads Between Nutrition and Medicine
Friday, March 23, 2018,
The Laureate Center in the Kannapolis City Hall
401 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC
11:30 am- Registration and Lunch
12 pm- Opening remarks
12:15 pm- Colin Kay, PhD, Associate Professor Translational Nutrition and Food Sciences, NC State University Plants for Human Health Institute
12:35 pm- Carol Cheatham, PhD, Associate Professor Psychology and Neuroscience, UNC Nutrition Research Institute
12:55 pm- Christopher Magryta, MD, Salisbury Pediatrics Association
1:25 pm- Q & A
1:45 pm- Poster judging and Networking
2:30 pm-Martin Kohlmeier, MD, PhD, Research Professor Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute
2:50 pm- Paul T. Campbell, MD, FACC, FSCAI, Interventional Cardiologist with Sanger Heart & Vascular Institute and Kannapolis Investigator for the Project Baseline study with Duke Clinical and Translational Science Institute
3:10 pm- Connie M. Weaver, PhD, Distinguished Professor in the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University
3:40 pm- Q & A
4 pm- Poster Winners Announced and Closing Remarks
Mission Statement
To create, nourish, and sustain an academic community for students, fellows, and employees on the North Carolina Research Campus thereby fostering recognition and positive change.
The purpose of the NCRC Catalyst Group is to create, nourish, and sustain personal and professional relationships among trainees and employees on the North Carolina Research Campus. Membership includes all scholars who do not currently hold a permanent full-time tenure-track faculty or company management position. Our goals include, but are not limited to:
- Hosting monthly non-traditional career options luncheons (e.g. science writing, entrepreneurship, venture capital, science outreach, tech transfer, biotechnology, etc);
- Hosting quarterly career development workshops (e.g. grant writing, mentorship, networking, etiquette, etc.);
- Hosting an annual symposium to allow members to present their research to their peers and be recognized for their efforts;
- Providing a forum for social gatherings and scholarly camaraderie;
- Providing information to new and existing postdocs, students and research employees (e.g. welcoming committees, foreign visas, grant opportunities, housing locations, etc);
- Providing a forum for discussion of postdoctoral issues (e.g. career development).


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World's top fund manager: relax about emerging markets
By Frik Els
Francesc Balcells and Anton Dombrovsky of PIMCO, the world's largest money manager with an eye-watering $2 trillion in assets across its various funds, on Tuesday provided insights into the state of emerging markets.
More specifically, the authors ask: With troubles in Ukraine, Turkey, Argentina, Egypt, Thailand, China and elsewhere are we headed into a 1997–1998 style emerging market meltdown?
The current turmoil is not unprecedented: "Every time the Fed has removed monetary accommodation in the past, it has been followed by some form of emerging market turbulence," argues Balcells.
The same scenario played out in the early 1980s and mid-1990s, and again in the early 2000s.
There is something different this time around however: "The increased importance of growth in China to other emerging markets has introduced a new phenomenon: For the first time, a recovery in the developed markets, albeit tepid and not uniform, is not spurring a recovery in emerging markets."
Q: Should investors expect a repetition of an emerging-market-wide crisis? And if not, why?
Read More
While more scientific thinking point to big troubles Soon!
In the end we take the side of science and logic. These countries are basket-cases and there is no hope that they will ever recover as there just won't be the energy and material available to pump into these marginal economies. Start looking for the higher ground.
Investors' Insights
March 27, 2014


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ATR turboprops help revive balance sheet
PB Air, the airline run by Singha beer baron Piya Bhirom-Bhakdi, has begun to see a return to profitability as its business plan bears fruit.
"We are slowly coming out of the mud of red numbers," Heribert Gaksch, director for marketing and business development at PB Air, declared yesterday.
The carrier, now 19 years old, saw a turnaround on its balance sheet following a fleet change, cost controls, and a marketing and distribution beef-up in February of this year.
The driving force to profitability is the substitution of its two Brazilian-made Embraer ERJ 145 LR jets with two ATR 72-500 turboprops leased from Bangkok Airways, the kingdom's second-largest carrier.
The turboprops have provided better economic yields than the Embraers, which PB Air returned to the American aircraft lessor Gecas on April 18 after seven years in the airline's service.
The addition of the turboprop, which can seat 70 passengers instead the Embraer's 50, as well as a stepped-up marketing effort including longer operating hours for its call centre and the creation of sales counters at Krungthai Card branches enabled PB Air to sell more seats.
PB currently fills an average of 80% its seats.
The airline operates 10 flights a day on six secondary domestic routes from Bangkok to Lampang, Nan, Nakhon Phanom, Sakhon Nakhon, Buri Ram and Roi-Et _ all unique routes.
PB Air is due to launch regular service to Mae Sot on June 5 with three flights a week, and it hopes to begin operating flights to Chumphon in the next few months, said Mr Gaksch.
The improved financial results have seemed to encourage Mr Piya to keep the carrier flying.
PB Air is assessing its options for a future fleet after the initial "dry" lease of ATR 72-500s, covering aircraft but not crew, expires in October this year.
It has been in talks with aircraft lessors for long-term leases of two ATR 72-500s or it may extend the agreement for the two planes with Bangkok Airways.
Bangkok Airways has a fleet of nine turboprops, excessive in light of the slowdown in demand caused by the economic crisis and political turmoil.
Mr Gaksch said PB Air needs to have three such turboprops to support its route expansion or if it wants to offer charters.
Meanwhile, the airline is upbeat about the potential of the Mae Sot service with a likely 40-50 leisure and business travellers on each flight.
An introductory one-way fare of 2,600 baht, 300 baht lower than the normal listed rate, has been offered for the first month of operation.


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Deaths Death Notices
SCHWIPPERT, Joyce H. (Duff)
SCHWIPPERT - Joyce H. (nee Duff) Of Eden, NY, on February 9, 2016 at the age of 88, beloved wife of the late Dr. Harry Schwippert; loving and dedicated mother of Mark T. Schwippert (the late Peggy) and Pamela J. Beiring; proud and dearest grandmother of Kelly Schwippert, Mathew Schwippert, Jay Schwippert, Shawn Christopher, Troy Christopher and Ryan Christopher; daughter of the late Samuel and Irene Duff. No prior visitation. Arrangements at the discretion of the family. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to the Buffalo Chapter of the American Red Cross. Arrangements entrusted to Laing Funeral Home Inc., Eden.
Words of sympathy may be left on www.LaingFuneralHome.com


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You Know You Have Issues When...
To the question as to why you want your very long hair short the first answer that comes into your head is "because of Sienna Boho-Princess".
Said shorter hair results in you being id'd twice in less than 24 hours when, prior to this, you'd only been id'd twice in your entire life.
You discover that sleek, non-fluffy haircut lasts as long as it takes you to wash it and know that you're going to have to spend the next fortnight with your straightners clamped to your head.
Your so-called friends allow you to stand in front of them at a Christmas lights switch on "because it's children to the front".


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At that time, I was just 9 years old. Sitting alone in my room, writing something in my diary. My Mom went in. Her face looked unhappy. "Kids. Writing a diary like a grown ups, huh!"
Not for long, my sister came in. She just stood there by the door for a while and said, "You will be become a writer, someday." Yes, I will, I said to myself.
From the first time I saw a cartoon series called "The Little Women", I know that "Jo" is the best character in that series. Jo is the second daughter of 4 from the Little's. Unlike her sisters, Jo has a strong character. She is very energetic and full of enthusiatism. Willing to sacrifice more than the other. And she wanted to become a famous writer. Although at the end, she didn't success of being a writer, she still put smile on her face and walk proudly.
Jo is not only want to be a writer, but she also dream and live like a writer. When I chose IPA in my high school, I still want to be a writer. Though I chose Medical Faculty as my first choise for college, I remembered Mira W. who is a doctor yet a famous writer. And when at the end, I didn't pass Medical and Psychology Faculty as my first and my second choice, I felt that it was my destiny to live my life as a Dutch Literature student.
And that's true. I was living my dream. I fell in love everyday. And a year after my graduation day, I became an editor in one of the biggest publisher in Indonesia. God is good.
After seven years swimming in lake of books, I decided to focus on my children. But I never stop writing. In fact, I can write even more. Short stories, songs, and poetries. Just like Jo. She couldn't have kids, so she make her house as a place for foster kids. Lots of kids. With her husband, they grew up the kids with love, adventure, and laughter.
"Tulisan ini diikutsertakan dalam GA pertama Mencari Motivasi"


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It takes from his earliest years stuck in the world of entertainment, so maybe your taste has been refined over many years surrounded by lights and glamor. However, his personal style has remained impervious to the siren song of Hollywood and now has one of the most interesting aesthetic Star System: Natalie Portman.
Natalie Portman was just 12 when he debuted in the film world with the movie "Leon the Professional" and from there your sweet face with big eyes has not disappeared from the big screen.
In his personal life claiming to be vegetarian and not drinking or using drugs or alcohol and has lent his image in support of various humanitarian campaigns and actions of NGOs. His style of dress when he is discreet and on red carpets but dare a little more with the colors or shapes, when the cameras are able to capture it in its most casuals, is always dressed simply and without fanfare and always, always correct.
Imitating his style will not cost you as much as with other actresses more prone to major couture dresses and one of the names to keep in mind when looking for models like the actress is to Rodarte, one of its brands header. Possibly cost you a bit more to get is that special aura seems to surround the actress and always makes hogging all eyes beyond where it goes.
Here are a gallery with the keys to look for Natalie Portman not miss it!
Images Getty Images.


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By Hoyt H. Houchen
Question: Please explain 1 Corinthians 2:10,11.
Reply: The passage to be considered reads: "But unto us God revealed them through the Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea the deep things of God. For who among men knoweth the things of a min, save the Spirit of the man, which is in him? Even so the things of God none knoweth, save the Spirit of God."
In chapter one, Paul had contrasted human wisdom and divine wisdom (1:18-30) and he continues to make this contrast in chapter two. The Greek doted on philosophy, looking with great pride upon such philosophers as Socrates, Aristotle and Plato. Paul had already pointed out that human wisdom was foolish and would be destroyed (1:19-21). He reminds his brethren at Corinth, "And I, brethren, when I came unto you, came not with excellency of speech, or of wisdom, proclaiming unto you the testimony of God" (2:1). Paul did not come to Corinth with eloquence, such as characterized the Greek orators; nor did he employ human wisdom. His speech was rather "in demonstration of the Spirit and power" (v. 4). His words demonstrated the power of the Holy Spirit, not the power of man. The wisdom which the apostles spoke was not of this world (human wisdom, v. 6). Then he says in verse 7, "but we speak God's wisdom in a mystery, even the wisdom that hath been hidden." The gospel is God's wisdom and it is provided for man's salvation. Heretofore it had not been revealed; therefore, it was a mystery. Even the prophets of the Old Testament had prophesied of things about salvation which they themselves did not understand (1 Pet. 1:10, 11).
It was a mystery. A mystery was not something that could not be explained or understood, but something unrevealed and unknown. It became known when it was revealed. Paul's use of the word "mystery" is also seen in other passages (Rom. 16:25,26; Eph. 3:1-3; Col. 1:24-29). The blessings of this salvation, which in times past, had been hidden are mentioned in verse 9: "but as it is written, Things which eye saw not, and ear heard not, and which entered not into the heart of man, whatsoever things God prepared for them that love him." These things had been a mystery. Some have used this verse to describe the glories of heaven. Preachers have preached sermons on heaven, using this verse to describe the glories of heaven that await man. Paul is not giving a description of heaven here, therefore to so use this verse to misapply it. The verse refers to the blessings of salvation which come through our Lord Jesus Christ. They had not been revealed to man in times past, so man did now know what was awaiting him. Now they have been revealed. How were they revealed? Paul tells us in verse 10. "But unto us God revealed them through the Spirit." The King James Version says "by his Spirit" but there is no Greek pronoun in the text for "his." Since revelation was the function of the Holy Spirit, it is obvious that "the Spirit" is the Holy Spirit. Jesus promised the apostles that the Holy Spirit would teach them and guide them into all truth (Jn. 14:26; 16:13). Thus the Holy Spirit revealed the mind of God, that which before had been a mystery. How was the Holy Spirit able to make such a revelation? Paul answers: "for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea the deep things of God." God revealed the salvation of man through the agency of the Holy Spirit.
To help us better understand what he has been saying in verse 10, Paul gives an illustration in verse 11. "For who among men knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so the things of God none knoweth, save the Spirit of God." Simply, who can know the thoughts of a man's mind unless the man himself reveals them? Paul is not saying that man's spirit is the same as God's Spirit. The point is: just as God's Spirit alone knows what is in him, so a man's spirit alone knows what is in him. God has revealed to us through the Spirit what in time past had been a mystery. It is the wisdom of God for man's salvation. We can be thankful to God that we have divine revelation whereby we can learn what we must do to be saved and live eternally with him in heaven.
Guardian of Truth XXXII: 10, p. 295
May 19, 1988