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BMW Says Helmets Aren't Necessary With C1, but Experts Aren't So Sure
PARIS -- The Auteuil Race Track here is a good place to gamble. And making a bet is precisely what the German auto maker Bayerische Motoren Werke AG had in mind when it recently used the hippodrome to unveil its new and controversial C1 motorscooter.
"The C1 is aimed at European executive commuters," says Octave Manset, BMW's senior public relations executive in France. Mr. Manset also maintains that BMW's first attempt to penetrate the booming European scooter market is a sure thing to beat urban gridlock and, he adds, is the "safest two-wheel vehicle ever built."
So secure, in fact, that BMW by the end of this year expects 10,000 European businesspeople fed up with traffic jams and bad hair days to follow the company's advertised claim that "wearing a safety helmet, which ladies often find annoying, can be dispensed with in the case of the C1 [and] may even be a disadvantage."
Of course, conventional wisdom dictates that riding any motorized two-wheeler without a helmet is at least as misguided as wagering against Ben-Hur in a chariot race. Insurance companies urge their customers to wear helmets. "The law forces them to wear motorcycle helmets," says Richard Lips, a spokesperson for Allianz AG , the largest insurance company in Europe. Liability lawyers add that any claims lodged in the European Union against manufacturers over head injuries sustained aboard motorcycles advertised as safe to drive without helmets are likely to be more than nuisance suits. "Oh, yes, the manufacturer is liable," says Rodney Nelson-Jones, an attorney at Field Fisher Waterhouse in London. BMW did not respond to written questions on the legal consequences that could arise from the company instructing its customers to ride the C1 without a helmet.
Hospital emergency room nurses darkly refer to those who take to the road without helmets as "donorcyclists," so named because these riders more often than not end up donating body parts after accidents that leave them with fatal head traumas. "The risk of being seriously or fatally injured on a motorcycle is doubled if you don't wear a helmet," warns Jeanne Breen, executive director of the European Transport Safety Council in Brussels, a nongovernmental organization that works with European vehicle manufacturers. "BMW never told us about the C1," the consumer advocate says. "Looking into their helmet-free scooter is a matter of great urgency for this organization."
But BMW says the ETSC, insurance companies and casualty ward nurses shouldn't be troubled about its pedigree project with engine-maker Bombardier-Rotax GmbH in Austria and the assembly firm Bertone Carrozzeria SpA in Italy. BMW spokesperson Hans Sautter asserts that wearing a helmet aboard the 10,000 mark ($4651 or 5,112 euro) C1 "would be a problem" and that "it could be worse for a rider to wear a helmet than not to wear a helmet."
As surprising as some might find BMW's safety tip, the argument is based on C1 crash tests conducted by the German Federal Ministry of Transport in 1998. Matthias Wissmann, the German Transport Minister at the time, called the C1 "a major contribution toward coping with traffic problems," and issued the 125-cubic-centimeter scooter an exemption to be operated in Germany without a helmet. Mr. Sautter says BMW ushered the German regulation unopposed into Italy, Spain, France, Luxembourg, Austria and Switzerland without any need for further safety tests. "These countries agreed with our tests," Mr. Sautter explains. "They were convinced wearing a helmet was not necessary."
There is no compulsory helmet law in the EU. Such legislation so far has been left up to individual member states, and Ms. Breen says BMW persuaded EU countries to accept the validity of the German crash tests by legitimately driving the C1 through this loophole. "We have been advocating an EU-wide helmet law similar to the EU seat-belt law," Ms. Breen says. "It's daft that we don't have one. It's mad to ride a scooter without a helmet."
BMW executives beg to differ. They don't expect the C1 to face the same sort of criticism heaped upon early versions of the
Mercedes-Benz A Class, which failed the now famous Swedish moose test, forcing Daimler Chrysler AG to redesign their hatchback after the company's own experts claimed it was impossible for the vehicle to roll over during sharp turns. BMW's helmet-free theory hinges on what Mr. Manset says is sophisticated structural engineering built into the C1. Two overlapping safety belts strap the rider into what BMW calls a protective shell. The unit incorporates a roof that partially shields riders from inclement weather; a frontal "crash deformation element" above the front wheel that allegedly absorbs much of the impact from a head-on collision, and two side bumpers built into the shell that allow a 7.5 centimeter clear zone between a rider's head and the road in a sideways crash at speeds tested up to 70 kilometers an hour.
"In the event of a frontal crash with the C1, a one-kilogram helmet would distinctly increase the kinetic energy of the head of the buckled-up rider, thereby increasing the load in the head and neck area," Mr. Sautter says. "That's why a helmet isn't necessary."
As for wearing a helmet to deflect churned up road debris that can enter from the exposed sides of the C1 safety cell, Mr. Sautter says, "drivers of convertible cars don't wear helmets and they're protected against these kinds of situations." What about accidents in which stationary or moving projectiles breech the 7.5-centimeter buffer zone during a spill? "That is not a matter in which you can be killed," Mr. Sautter says. "It's not possible for the head to be exposed to the pavement."
Although Mr. Manset says the German Transport Ministry so far is the only public or private organization to have verified BMW's claims, Brian Chinn, who has crash tested motorcycles for over 30 years at the National Transport Research Laboratory in Britain, says he doesn't like the sound of the egg-shaped scooter. "It's most unwise to ride any motorcycle without a helmet; in fact, it's absolutely stupid," Mr. Chinn says. "I can't envisage any motorcycle in which not wearing a helmet would be an advantage. I can't imagine any circumstances at all."
It remains a mystery why BMW didn't ask any other road safety organizations to sample the C1 before offering it to the public. Mr. Sautter says the German test was enough to convince BMW, and that he expects independent tests will be carried out concurrently with C1 sales. The U.K. is the only EU country yet to approve driving the C1 without a helmet, BMW's Mr. Manset adds.
"BMW certainly hasn't asked us to test the C1," says Mr. Chinn, who also expressed reservations about the scooter's safety-belt system. "Motorcycles with seat belts were tested in the 1970s," he adds. "The report stated belts caused riders to become entangled during a crash and that this was disadvantageous."
Mr. Sautter believes BMW engineers weren't aware of the safety-belt tests in the U.K., and says "those tests are 30 years old, anyway." Describing the seat-belt report as "just a theory," Mr. Sautter maintains that a motorcycle rider "has no influence" on leaving the vehicle in an accident. "Some motorcycle riders have the idea to leave the bike before crashing," Mr. Sautter adds. "But this is only an idea and it never happens."
Though there are thousands of motorcyclists who might disagree with Mr. Sautter's curious assertion, it's clear the C1 is destined for a hard and bumpy ride on independent test tracks outside Germany. But after a day of testing the new BMW scooter with Microsoft Europe President Michel Lacombe, a veteran motorcyclist who drives to work wearing a helmet aboard a 200-cubic-centimeter Japanese scooter, the C1 emerged as a sturdy machine with a number of negative, albeit potentially hazardous, elements that possibly outweigh BMW's insistence to send C1 customers on to congested city streets without a hard hat.
Perhaps the most intriguing drawback surfaced when BMW's Mr. Manset initially balked at my taking a first ride on the C1 while wearing a helmet. "I don't know if we can do that," Mr. Manset said. Though Mr. Manset finally agreed to the request, official permission came only after he had been informed that my insurance company would not reimburse medical costs in the event of an accident and declined to sign an agreement stipulating that BMW would pay any hospital bills incurred from any head injuries that might result from riding the C1 without a helmet.
Francois Pinzell, BMW's C1 coordinator in France, says his office is negotiating with insurance companies for helmet dispensations, adding that C1 owners will be issued with a copy of the so-called helmet-free law to show police. "We expect police to stop the C1 for helmet violations," he says.
On the road, Mr. Lacombe found the C1 to be exceptionally noisy and stiff on a saddle that has no room for maneuvering. "It's also underpowered," Mr. Lacombe says. Indeed, the standard 125-cubic-centimeter engine is much too small for a scooter with a dead weight of 185 kilograms and the capacity to carry a full load totaling 360 kilograms. The paltry power system is a marketing gimmick installed to accommodate laws in all independent EU member states that require anyone driving a scooter over 125-cubic-centimeters to pass a special motorcycle driving test. In Italy, where 150-cubic-centimeter bikes can be driven without a motorcycle license, BMW will offer the C1 with a bigger yet just as snoozey engine.
Scooters, of course, aren't built for speed. But the C1 rides like an overweight and underpowered motorcycle. Though the four-stroke engine provides zippy acceleration from 0-to-40 kilometers-an-hour, the weight-power ratio makes the C1 top-heavy and cumbersome to control. Above speeds of 40-kilometers-an-hour, the C1 doesn't have the muscle of a 125-cubic-centimeter Vespa, the biggest selling motorscooter in Europe.
"The C1 needs at least a 200-cubic-centimeter engine," suggests Mr. Lacombe, who lives in central Paris and spends 40 minutes a day commuting between his home and his office. "I'm going to buy a C1 because of the roof, it helps keep you clean, but it's not powerful enough to commute into a city along a motorway."
Mr. Lacombe found the C1's splendid antilocking disk brake system to be one of the best features about the scooter, but he expressed disappointment that BMW isn't offering a waterproof blanket like the one that protects him from rain and road grime on his Honda. "You're going to get wet on this scooter, despite the roof," Mr. Lacombe says.
The Microsoft boss is also having doubts about installing the optional C1 passenger seat he ordered from BMW. The reason: "The C1 is built for one person," Mr. Manset explains. "We don't recommend taking a passenger because the person is sitting outside the safety cell." So why is BMW offering an option that it clearly finds risky? "Some riders will want it," Mr. Manset says.
As for following BMW's advice to ride the C1 with his hair blowing in the wind, Mr. Lacombe says, "I'm wearing a helmet."
Write to A. Craig Copetas at firstname.lastname@example.com


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subset: commoncrawl


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3720 Ryan St
Lake Charles, LA 70605 - Calcasieu County
(337) 240-8497
La Peep Restaurant in Lake Charles, LA - Calcasieu County is a business listed in the categories Restaurants/Food & Dining, Full-Service Restaurants, Limited-Service Restaurants, Eating Places and Restaurants.
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817 E McNeese St
1427 W Prien Lake Rd
3905 Ryan St
3510 Common St
4423 Nelson Rd
815 W Bayou Pines Dr


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Iversen the hero
Tottenham Hotspur (Spurs) Football Club is located in North London. The club is also known as Spurs. Tottenham's home ground is White Hart Lane. The club motto is Audere est Facere (To dare is to do).
Steffen Iversen was Norway's hero in a vital Euro 2004 qualifying win in Romania on Saturday.
The Spurs striker bagged the only goal of the game from Liverpool's John Arne Riise's corner just six minutes from time.
In a game of few chances on a waterlogged pitch, Iversen rose unmarked to head home from close range to leave Norway level on points with Denmark at the top of Group Two.
Elsewhere, Sergei Rebrov started on the bench as Ukraine toppled Greece 2-0 in Kiev while neither Goran Bunjevcevic or Milenko Acimovic featured in Yugoslavia's fine 1-1 draw in Italy or Slovenia's 5-0 defeat in France respectively.


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Sandra Pointet / Geneva Academy
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Geneva Academy
The Geneva Academy and the University of Essex's School of Law and Human Rights Centre hosted the Current Issues in Armed Conflict Conference representing a further example of the burgeoning relationship between the two institutions.
Tony Webster
Stakeholders are invited to submit comments or suggestions to a draft set of guidelines on the lawful and responsible design, production, procurement, testing, training, transfer, and use of less-lethal weapons and related equipment.


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hiking7 days ago
A nice option and a way to split off from the possibly crowded main trail is to include Hasley Pass and Frigid Air Pass in a clockwise loop. I've heard this route referred to as the West Maroon Short Loop. The views east over the ridge between Hasley and FA are breathtaking. Then celebrate a successful day hike at Secret Stash Pizza in CB.


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They cast lots in order to discover God's will and Matthias was chosen. He was the twelfth apostle and the group was whole again as they waited for the coming of the Holy Spirit.
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- Wednesday, August 15th Holy Day of Obligation Mass Times July 20, 2018
- St. Matthias is in Great Need of Catechists! July 15, 2018
- Upcoming Events in July June 28, 2018


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Using HomeLight made it to easy to find the top selling real estate agent in our area. The process from beginning to end was so quick and easy. Our realtor got to work right away and was very confident in the listing process price. Our home went under contract just 2-3 weeks and sold quickly!
Ft. Loramie, OH
Purely professional from start to finish. I received an immediate response. In less than two months the property was sold for much more than expected. HomeLight is the game changer of real estate.
Pattie J.
New Jersey
- EElizabeth E G8/1/2018Ridgecrest, CA, USAIf this is your first time buying or selling a home I recommended this site. They were very helpful and had some great tips on choosing a realtor. The HomelLight experience was so easy. We answered some questions and had an immediate reply.Then within 1 hour we had an email with recommended agents in our area. The nice thing was they gave us several agents to choose from and said if we wanted some more choices they could do that. The agents they recommended were very professional and responded to our phone calls with in a timely matter. The agent we picked was exactly what we were looking for. He did a fantastic job posting our house with lots of pictures and a virtual walkthrough.
- WWilliam L8/1/2018Galena, IL, USAWe are very happy with the the recommendation HomeLight provided. Angela accomplished what others failed to do. She kept us informed on showings and helped us with a few miner changes. Angela was very professional through out the whole process. Our home is located in a very tuff real estate market and she was able to bring more prospective buyers to see the property in a short time compared to agents we worked with in the past. It was very easy to get a hold of her when we had questions. We felt very at ease working with her. When there were a few complications with the closing she quickly resolved them. We would highly recommend her. Thank you for finding her for us.
- JJackie N7/31/2018Keyport, NJ, USAHomelight popped up on my screen one night as I was researching real estate agents in our area of Keyport, NJ. The look of the website was very fresh and it was easy to navigate. I had the feeling I was going to get quite a few responses after plugging in all my information and wasn't disappointed! We eventually chose to work with Lawrence McCown and we were very impressed with his knowledge of the market and professionalism in general. Thank you, Homelight for helping us find the perfect agent!
- BBill S7/31/2018Brunswick, ME, USAI used homelight to find an agent to sell my home. It was a very easy app to use, and I had the results fast. One of the options was Tim Dunham agency. The results indicated that Tim had sold more properties in my area than anyone else. We went with Tim and he sold our house in 10 days. The results of your search provided the perfect match. Thank you Homelight.
- CCharles Z7/31/2018Ellicott City, MD, USALooking for a real estate agent was made easy by utilizing HomeLight, just enter the necessary information and the top producers in the area were provided. I was able to pick the agents of my choice based on the background information that was provided to me. Once contact was made I received a quick response from the several agents I selected. The whole process was quick and easy, just one less thing to worry about when trying to sell a home.
- JJohn S7/31/2018Gaithersburg, MD, USAHomeLight is a great service. We were able to review and interview several Realtors' qualifications, their rankings in the county and their specialties. It allowed us to select a terrific agent along with his company. He was a real "pro" and gave us some very sound advice that contradicted advice from other Realtors, and this advice resulted in us saving substantial money that we had thought we'd have to spend before putting our house on the market. The end result, our house sold in 6 days @ $16k over asking price, the highest price of any house in our neighborhood in quite a long time.
- KKeith H7/31/2018Fayetteville, AR, USAHomeLight delivered on its promise of The Best Agents Get Results! The same day I contacted HomeLight I received a call to discuss my needs and expectations. I was told that I would be contacted shortly by three agents. All three called the same day and I spent about 15-20 minutes talking with each of them. By the time the third agent called I knew I was facing a problem I had never faced before: which of these three engaging and accomplished agents would I choose to sell my home? I felt like a judge on a cooking show after tasting three delicious dishes!In the end the circumstances led me to choose the third agent. Not only was he friendly and knowledgeable, he had buyers ready to go for a home like mine. It was the easiest home sale I've ever had.Thanks HomeLight!
- EEvie M7/31/2018Fullerton, CA, USAWe needed to sell our home and I had no idea how to choose the right agent. I saw an ad for HomeLight, so decided to check it out. It was so easy and convenient. They sent me information on several agents. I interviewed several. I was looking for someone specific - our property was unique and we wanted someone who was familiar with our area, the type of property we had, and who could market it to the right buyer. We found that in Adam Brett. He kept us involved and updated on how everything was going and listened to us and our ideas and concerns. I highly recommend HomeLight to anybody looking to sell.
- JJulie P7/30/2018Elkton, MD, USAThis was a very difficult sale. We had many issues to work through. Danielle never gave up and I never felt like I was alone in the process. She always kept me informed and up to date. I would recommend her to anyone! I'm so glad that I found her on HomeLight.
- CChris S7/30/2018Crestline, CA, USAMy experience with Homelight was great! I was matched up with a realtor that worked perfectly with me. I would definitely recommend the company to my friends and colleagues. Thank you for a wonderful experience with Homelight.
- LLuke M7/30/2018Elk River, MN, USAHomelight was a great resource for a first time homebuyer. They set me up with a couple of realtors in my area of interest. Both realtors were from my area and very knowledgeable. I was able to narrow them down and pick one very easily. After I chose a realtor the process was very stress free from then on. I found a house in a few short weeks and my offer was accepted. I would definitely recommend using Homelight they make the first step in home buying the easier! Another satisfied customer!
- MMaureen T7/30/2018Lincoln Road Northeast, Leland, NC, USAI thank you for the services homelight provided. With the multiple options that was provided, I was able to select an agent to work with me, the agent was Carma Bryan. I was able to sell my home in a relatively short period of time and achieve my ultimate goal of moving with my family.Homelight provided a multitude of options of real estate agents that I could review, visit with and find an agent that could work with me and provide the ultimate outcome, the sell of my home. Thank you.
- SSherry C7/29/2018LaGrange, OH, USAWe recently used Homelight when selling our home. Luckily, we used a search engine to show who was selling the most homes in our area. Homelight came up and gave us 3 options. All 3 agents contacted us immediately, 2 followed up with statistics and we went with Cutler. The agent was wonderful and our home sold within 2 hours of being on the market. We highly recommend Homelight to help in selling your home!
- TTom J7/28/2018Humble Place Drive, Humble, TX, USAThe process of selling ones home can be a daunting one as you know. Homelight directed me to the right Real Estate agents to pick from. Once I made the selection everything flew through. I got full price for my house with an offer in 12 days. Really an unbelievable experience. Mr Paul Crandall from "See Tim Sell" was great to work with and his entire team was very polite and professional. I would use them again. Thank you very much.
- AAminah A S7/28/2018Dearborn Heights School District 7, Dearborn Heights, MI, USAThank you, and thanks for the referral HomeLight provided for me to sell of our home on 07/09/2018. I worked with ColdWell Banker Preferred Realtor, the Hargreaves team and I felt at ease with the agent and his team of professionals from the start, because the agent was highly recommended. The Hargreaves team provided good customer service as well. I've been spreading the good news of HomeLight and advising my family and friends to use this service for their next home adventure. Thanks again.
- DDesirae D7/28/2018Mentor, OH, USAWe had a wonderful experience with Home Light. It was extremely simple to use as a tool. I received feedback and help extremely fast. I was able to make the most educated decision as to the best realtor in my area and price range. Greg Boehlefeld was nothing short of outstanding. Out house was sold within 48 hours of listing. Thank you so much!
- SSpencer H7/27/2018Baton Rouge, LA, USAHomelight helped me find the perfect realtor. I filled out the request to be contacted online and got a call a few minutes later. The homelight representative asked a few questions which were simple and straightforward. After the call, I had several agents contact me in less than a day. Another day later, I had found my agent. Because of Homelight, I felt like I was saving time by only reviewing high-quality options. Thanks!
- CClarence W7/26/2018Harrisburg, NC, USAI was seeking to sell my house and didn't want to have my house on the market very long so I contacted homelight and they gave me a few realtors to choose from. I selected Brian Belcher, a REMAX realtor. After meeting with Brian he then put a For Sale sign on my lawn on a Wednesdayafternoon and on Saturday we were under contract after having received several offers. Thanks Brian and your team for guiding me through this procedure!
- AAndrew B7/26/2018Old Bridge Township, NJ, USAWhen we had decided to sell our home, we didn't know who to select to represent us. Fortunately, we saw a TV commercial for HomeLight and decided to look into this company. We found the website and it was easy to use and follow. We requested that HomeLight contact us with possible agents that could represent us. Once we submitted our request, we received a reply very quickly saying that HomeLight would send us 3 qualified agents. We received the information shortly thereafter. The information provided by HomeLight was very helpful and we decided to use one of their recommendations. As it turned out, the agent we selected helped with the selling process and as a result our home sold in 30 days.I would recommend using HomeLight to any person that is looking into selling their home since they will provide with qualified agents that have proven track records on selling homes.
- BBruce W7/26/2018Lexington, KY, USAHomeLight made the complicated and tedious tasking of finding a qualified, and most important professional realtor simple. The realtor HomeLight recommended was superb! Michele was a true a true professional. She developed a sound marketing strategy that included the use of social media while at the same time using traditional means to market our home. The end result was our home selling quicker than anticipated and for more money. Her engaging personality and diligent work ethic was demonstrated in every phase of the sale. Thank you HomeLIght for making individuals like Michele on the selling end available. We are enjoying the same positive experience buying a home with our recommended HomeLight Realtor. HomeLight has my highest endorsement!
- LLinda T7/25/2018Bridgeton, NJ, USAWe had our home listed for sale with a realtor for 6 months. A few showings and open houses with no offers. Being discouraged my brother had seen an advertisement for Home Light. I filled out the online form and within 5 minutes had a call from Home Light. Within the hour I had four calls from Home Light recommended agents.We selected Scott Kompa and he was very professional, knowledgeable and did a great job of marketing the house. Within two weeks we had a buyer and the house has been sold. I would definitely recommend Home Light. The process was easy and everyone was very responsive.The agents are "The Best of the Best".
- AAj B7/25/2018Saint Joseph, MO, USAWorking with homelight and finding Lisa as my realtor was great! This was my first experience selling a house and being able to go to a company that provides recommendations on the best realtors in the area made the house selling process so much easier for me. Thank you homelight!
- JJulius D7/24/2018Greensboro, NC, USAHomeLight proved to be an objective, fact based resource for determining the best real estate agent for my property in my market area. HomeLight provided me with 3 top candidates based on the information I submitted regarding my property. I was able to see the agent's background and sales record with the type of property I wanted to sell in the area where my property was located. I was able to contact and interview the candidate agents. This was very helpful in determining who would be best at marketing my property. This methodology is vastly superior to relying on "word of mouth" recommendations from friends as I have previously done many times. The results tell the story. I had 3 offers in less that a week and had a list price offer and sale before the week was over. Ashley Fitzsimmons and her team at Allen Tate delivered exceptional results and professional service.
- TTim C7/24/2018Redmond, OR, USAHomelight.com was very easy to use and we were very pleased with the results. After not using a real estate agent for 24 years we contacted Homelight.com and they sent us 2 different agents to interview. We were able to select an agent that was a long term agent in the area that understood the local market and sold our home in less than the average market time. If looking for a real estate agent would highly recommend contacting Homelight.
- MMichael J7/23/2018Oxford, OH, USAI saw an advertisement for Homelight when I decided to sell my home so I checked it out. I was provided with several local agents in my area. Each agent had a bio and Kim Tupper's stood out to me because I live in the area she services. Kim came out to the house, I gave her a tour of the house, then she explained what she does, and what I needed to do in the process. Kim is accessible and communicates very well throughout the process. During the home inspection a couple of items came up that needed to be fixed. There were a couple of items that I didn't know who would fix them and she let me know who she had worked with in the past. Kim did a great job for me. I'm sure you'll be as pleased as I am.


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EPIC: Trump Asks Robert Kennedy Jr. to Head Commission On Vaccine SafetyChris Menahan
Jan. 10, 2017
CNN: Alex Jones's 'Hate Speech' Is A Form Of Terrorism
Judge Orders Release Of 'Muslim School Shooting Training Camp' Suspects After Charges Of Racism
MSNBC's Jason Johnson Justifies Antifa Violence: Police Protect White Nationalists, Target Antifa
Transgender 'Woman' Kills Her Own Grandmother With A Knife, Media Decides She's A 'Man'
Swedish PM to Firebombers: 'What The Heck Are You Doing?'
If vaccines cause autism, we may finally get to the bottom of it.
From The Washington Post:
President-elect Donald Trump asked Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a proponent of a widely discredited theory that vaccines cause autism, to chair a new commission on vaccine safety and scientific integrity, Kennedy said Tuesday.
Speaking to reporters Tuesday in the lobby of Trump Tower in New York, Kennedy said Trump called him to request the meeting and that he accepted the position on the new commission. It was not immediately clear exactly what role the commission would play.The Post goes on to whine about how it's a "dangerous conspiracy theory" to question whether or not you should pump your small children with some 49 shots by the time they're 6 years old.
They insist it's "dangerous to public health."
Of course, these are the same people who actively support bringing in migrants from the Third World with tuberculosis, dengue fever, leprosy and all manners of formerly eradicated diseases.
These are the same people who insist our border with Mexico be wide open so potentially diseased Mexicans and Central Americans can pour in without restriction, even though none of them have taken these vaccines.
If you support open borders, you don't actually give a damn about public health.
This commission is going to be epic.
Follow InformationLiberation on Twitter and Facebook.


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June 16, 2018 - By Louis Casey
Investors sentiment decreased to 0.98 in 2018 Q1. Its down 0.27, from 1.25 in 2017Q4. It dropped, as 13 investors sold TNC shares while 44 reduced holdings. 11 funds opened positions while 45 raised stakes. 15.09 million shares or 4.93% less from 15.88 million shares in 2017Q4 were reported. Fifth Third Bancorp holds 216 shares. Tower Cap Lc (Trc) invested 0.02% in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC). Jpmorgan Chase And Com holds 0% or 11,738 shares in its portfolio. Manufacturers Life Insur Co The reported 13,092 shares. Massachusetts-based Geode Mngmt Lc has invested 0% in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC). Parkside Finance Bank & Trust & has 0% invested in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC) for 11 shares. Bnp Paribas Arbitrage Sa invested in 5,829 shares. Wells Fargo Co Mn owns 33,193 shares or 0% of their US portfolio. Jefferies Group Ltd stated it has 5,509 shares or 0% of all its holdings. Deutsche State Bank Ag reported 0% in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC). Great West Life Assurance Company Can holds 0% or 23,976 shares. Barclays Pcl reported 0% of its portfolio in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC). 239,865 were reported by Us Fincl Bank De. Moreover, Zeke Advsr Ltd Co has 0.08% invested in Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC). Arrowmark Colorado Limited Liability Corporation stated it has 2.21M shares or 1.49% of all its holdings.
Since January 11, 2018, it had 0 insider purchases, and 9 sales for $9.37 million activity. On Friday, April 6 PAULSON THOMAS sold $642,160 worth of Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC) or 9,296 shares. KILLINGSTAD CHRIS sold 44,272 shares worth $3.03M. Another trade for 415 shares valued at $30,293 was sold by Huml David W..
Derek C. Schrier increased its stake in Tennant Co (TNC) by 812.14% based on its latest 2018Q1 regulatory filing with the SEC. Indaba Capital Management Lp bought 249,019 shares as the company's stock rose 16.99% while stock markets declined. The hedge fund run by Derek C. Schrier held 279,681 shares of the industrial machinery and components company at the end of 2018Q1, valued at $18.93M, up from 30,662 at the end of the previous reported quarter. Indaba Capital Management Lp who had been investing in Tennant Co for a number of months, seems to be bullish on the $1.38 billion market cap company. The stock increased 1.45% or $1.1 during the last trading session, reaching $76.95. About 159,165 shares traded or 40.98% up from the average. Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC) has risen 11.94% since June 16, 2017 and is uptrending. It has underperformed by 0.63% the S&P500.
Another recent and important Tennant Company (NYSE:TNC) news was published by Globenewswire.com which published an article titled: "Report: Exploring Fundamental Drivers Behind Syros Pharmaceuticals, J & J Snack Foods, Wright Medical Group NV …" on May 21, 2018.
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- Europe
- Montenegro
- Montenegro (general)
- Tmorska Glavica
- Search
Traveling Luck for Tmorska Glavica Montenegro (general), Montenegro
The timezone in Tmorska Glavica is Europe/Belgrade
Morning Sunrise at 04:49 and Evening Sunset at 18:45. It's light
Rough GPS position Latitude. 43.2150°, Longitude. 19.1397°
Morning Sunrise at 04:49 and Evening Sunset at 18:45. It's light
Rough GPS position Latitude. 43.2150°, Longitude. 19.1397°
Weather near Tmorska Glavica Last report from Sarajevo, 110.8km awaymist Temperature: 17°C / 63°F
Wind: 1.2km/h
Cloud: Few at 400ft Scattered at 5500ft
Satellite map of Tmorska Glavica and it's surroudings...
Geographic features & Photographs around Tmorska Glavica in Montenegro (general), Montenegro
locality a minor area or place of unspecified or mixed character and indefinite boundaries.
mountain an elevation standing high above the surrounding area with small summit area, steep slopes and local relief of 300m or more.
- Tmorska Glavica (0km)
- Majčina Glavica (2.1km)
- Orujak (2.5km)
- Kamenjača (3.4km)
- Jovin Vrh (3.9km)
- (( Javorački Vrh )) (4.2km)
- Nabojna (4.3km)
- Vrh (4.6km)
- Ćurevac (4.8km)
- Kobilovača (5.1km)
- (( Paklište )) (5.5km)
- Bjelobor (5.7km)
- Lažni Kamen (5.8km)
populated place a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work.
- (( Omar )) (2.8km)
- Zasada (2.9km)
- (( Čipčije )) (3.1km)
- Rončevići (3.6km)
- Džuveri (4.2km)
- Koča Do (4.3km)
- Starčevići (5.4km)
- Meki Do (5.6km)
- Uskoci (5.9km)
- Vranići (5.9km)
well a cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface.
- (( Gusarica )) (2.6km)
- (( Marića Bunar )) (2.6km)
- Kablovi (4.5km)
- (( Studenac )) (5.6km)
Accommodation around Tmorska Glavica
Enigma Hotel Tmajevci Bb, Zabljak
ENIGMA HOTEL Tmajevci bb, Zabljak
SKI HOTEL Narodnih Heroja bb, Zabljak
hill a rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m.
- Mrčaj (3.1km)
- Razvršje (5.2km)
- Javorovača (5.3km)
spur(s) a subordinate ridge projecting outward from a hill, mountain or other elevation.
- Ravni (2km)
- Jasikovo Rame (2.7km)
- Čarkova Kosa (5km)
populated locality an area similar to a locality but with a small group of dwellings or other buildings.
cliff(s) a high, steep to perpendicular slope overlooking a waterbody or lower area.
- Javoračke Stijene (4km)
- Bijela Stijena (5.8km)
peak a pointed elevation atop a mountain, ridge, or other hypsographic feature.
canyon a deep, narrow valley with steep sides cutting into a plateau or mountainous area.
- Džabasanska Gradina (5km)
scrubland an area of low trees, bushes, and shrubs stunted by some environmental limitation.
- (( Mujev Lom )) (5.8km)
lake a large inland body of standing water.
- Goveđe Jezero (4.6km)
stream a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.
- Draga (1.5km)
Wikipedia entries close to Tmorska Glavica
- Žabljak (Montenegro) city m city
- Bobotov Kuk mountain k
- Žabljak Airport airport airport
- Durmitorin kansallispuisto landmark landmark
- Pljevlja city i city
- Plužine city m city
- Mratinje-Talsperre reservoir waterbody
- Foča city i city
- Šavnik city n city
- Maglić mountain k mountain
- Čajniče city o city
- Extreme points of Montenegro
- Risan city i city
- Prijepolje city h city
- Mojkovac city l city
- Rudo city o city
Airports close to Tmorska GlavicaSarajevo(SJJ), Sarajevo, Bosnia-hercegovina (110.8km)
Podgorica(TGD), Podgorica, Yugoslavia (113km)
Tivat(TIV), Tivat, Yugoslavia (113.9km)
Dubrovnik(DBV), Dubrovnik, Croatia (120.3km)
Mostar(OMO), Mostar, Bosnia-hercegovina (124.2km)


text:
The Thiel College Department of Environmental Science is pleased to announce a search for a tenure-track faculty position as the founding Program Director of the College's Environmental Safety Management program, starting in August 2019. Full implementation of the program will occur for the Academic Year 2019-2020.
The successful candidate will hold a M.S. or Ph.D. in Safety Management and have a minimum of five years of experience in the field. While specialization in the field is open, ability to teach a wide range of courses at the undergraduate level is anticipated. Academic rank and salary will be commensurate with academic credentials.
Responsibilities include teaching, advising and mentoring students as well as collaboration with Admissions to attract talented students who will be successful in the major and at the College. In addition to teaching undergraduate courses, the successful candidate will also be expected to be involved in recruiting students to the program, developing and supporting internship opportunities for students, curriculum development and enhancement, including OSHA certifications, and advising students.
The successful candidate will possess the ability to teach courses with an applied focus that emphasizes experiential learning. Teaching assignments include foundational and upper-level courses within the Environmental Safety Management curriculum as needed to support department programs.
While Thiel College gives highest priority to teaching effectiveness, the applicant will be expected to remain current in the field through professional development opportunities such as attendance at related conferences, research, or other scholarly activities. It is expected that the successful candidate will be an active member of the campus community through service on committees and participation in campus events.
A comprehensive employee benefit package including research support and a sabbatical program is provided.
The program is housed in the Environmental Science Department and the Program Director will report directly to the Chair of the Department of Environmental Science.
Applicants should send a cover letter stating teaching and research interests, a current curriculum vitae or resume, official undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and three confidential reference letters including e-mail addresses and phone numbers of references to firstname.lastname@example.com (preferred), or to Jennifer Clark, Director of Human Resources, Thiel College, 75 College Avenue, Greenville, PA 16125.
Review of applications will begin October 5, 2018 and continue until the position is filled.
Thiel College is committed to attracting a culturally and professionally diverse faculty and staff who engage our students by providing a rich and fulfilling curricular and co-curricular experience.
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Role of Cadmium and Lead Tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Seedling Germination of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Received Date: Mar 22, 2014 / Accepted Date: May 05, 2014 / Published Date: May 08, 2014
In the present study, cadmium and lead tolerant bacteria were isolated from contaminated crop field nearby industrial sites, garage and petrol pumps of Cachar District of Assam, India. Bacterial isolates were characterized on the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. In presence of cadmium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa SN1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa SN3 showed the highest MIC for cadmium and lead. These two isolates were taken under consideration for pot experimental studies. After 20 days of seedling inoculation in Cd treated soil and application of P. aeruginosa SN1, it has been observed that rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) attains 10.1% (at 20 mg/kg Cd) and 18.6% (at 50 mg/kg Cd) increased shoot growth as compared to control pots without bacterial inoculation. P. aeruginosa SN1 and P. aeruginosa SN3, showed significant result at 20 mg/kg of lead in soil but, failed to show any significant response at 50 mg/kg of lead in soil. Overall study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa SN1 and P. aeruginosa SN3 could remediate cadmium and lead contaminated soil at concentration below 20mg/kg, thus dedicating sites which are set aside for long term agricultural purpose.
Keywords: Minimum inhibitory concentration; Oryza sativa L.; Cadmium, Lead; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Excessive accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils through wastewater irrigation, results in soil contamination that lead to elevated heavy metal uptake by crops, and thus affect food quality and safety [1]. Heavy metal accumulation in soils and plants is of increasing concern because of the potential human health risks. Heavy metals are included in the main category of environmental pollutants as they can remain in the environment for long periods; their accumulation is potentially hazardous to humans, animals and plants [2].
Metals are directly and/or indirectly involved in all aspects of microbial growth, metabolism and differentiation [3]. Metals and their compounds interact with microbes in various ways depending on the metal species, organism and environment, while structural components and metabolic activity also influence metal speciation and therefore solubility, mobility, bioavailability and toxicity [3-6]. Many metals are essential for life, e.g. Na, K, Cu, Zn, Co, Ca, Mg, Mn and Fe, but all can exert toxicity when present above certain threshold concentrations. Other metals, e.g. Cs, Al, Cd, Hg and Pb, have no known essential metabolic functions but all can be accumulated. Microbes are intimately associated with the biogeochemical cycling of metals, and associated elements, where their activities can result in mobilization and immobilization depending on the mechanism involved and the microenvironment where the organism(s) are located [5-8].
Some reports have shown that indigenous microbes and plantmicrobe symbionts tolerate high heavy metal concentrations in different ways and may play a significant role in the restoration of contaminated soil [9,10]. The objectives of the present study are as follows:
1. Isolation and identification of cadmium and lead tolerant bacteria from contaminated crop field
2. Pot experimental studies to evaluate the effectiveness of isolated strains in seedling germination of Orya sativa at different concentration of Cd and Pb in soil
Materials and Methods
Collection of soil sample and selective isolation of Pseudomonas spp.
Soil samples were first collected from contaminated crop fields nearby paper industry, garage and petrol pumps of Cachar District of Assam, India. Soil samples were collected in sterilized polythene bags and immediately bought to the laboratory. Selective isolation of Pseudomonas spp. was performed by spreading the samples on Pseudomonas Isolation Agar (PIA) media. Individual distinct colonies were further undergone repeated sub-culturing and were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics [11].
Identification by 16S rDNA sequencing
Genomic DNA was extracted from bacterial isolates as described by Sambrook et al., [12] and amplification of 16S rDNA gene was performed. The PCR procedure consisted of preparation of master mix for PCR containing 10X Taq buffer A (1 X), 10 mM MgCl2 (1.5 μl), 10mM dNTP mix (1.0 μl) and sterile distilled water. The gene fragment was amplified using 20 ng of the DNA, 100 ng of each primer (forward and reverse) and Taq polymerase (3 U). The reaction volume was adjusted to 50 μl using sterile distilled water. The ~1.4 kb-PCR products of 16S rDNA genes were used for DNA sequencing. After sequencing, the ~1400 bp sequence were first analyzed by NCBI-BLAST for finding closest homologous sequence. The first ten homologous sequences were selected and were aligned by CLUSTAL X2. Finally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA using Neighbour Joining method.
Minimum inhibitory concentration of cadmium of bacterial isolates
Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cadmium and lead for isolated strains were determined by the plate dilution method [13]. MIC was determined against respective heavy metals Cd (CdCl2) and Pb [(CH3COO)2Pb.3H2O] by gradually increasing the concentration on Nutrient Agar (NA) plates until the strains failed to give colonies on the plate. The initial concentration used was 50 μg/ml and thereby the concentration was gradually increased by 10-15 μg/ml each time on NA plates. The growth of cultures on last concentration was transferred to the higher concentration by streaking on the plate. MIC was recorded when the isolates failed to grow on plates.
Pot experimental studies
The bacteria showing the highest MIC were taken under consideration for the preparation of bacterial inoculum. The isolates were inoculated in nutrient broth and kept in shaker incubator at 120 rpm at 28 ± 2°C for 48 hours. After incubation period, 5 ml of broth was added to 45 ml distilled water for the formulation of bio-fertilizer and to carry out the pot experiment.
Seeds of Oryza sativa L. were collected from Krishi Vikas Kendra, Masimpur, Assam. The seed sizes and weights were homogenous. Clean seeds were dipped in water; floating seeds were discarded, while seeds settled on bottom of container were selected. Seeds were surfacesterilized with 95% alcohol for 30 seconds, followed by 0.1% (w/v) HgCl2 for 1-2 min and then washed with sterile distilled water for 5-6 times [14]. The seeds were then put in a sterile petridish containing Hogland Solution and remain dipped overnight. The earthen pots (24 cm X 12 cm X 12 cm) were filled with sterilized sandy loam soil. Seeds were sown on all the pots to study the role of bacterial inoculation on seedling growth of Oryza sativa, sown in cadmium and lead incorporated soil. Pot experiments were performed in two different experimental groups and seedling growth of Oryza sativa were recorded after three weeks of exposure heavy metals (Cd and Pb) and bacterial inoculums.
After performing the pot experiment, SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the statistical data. Descriptive statistics calculates the means of all replicates with standard error and deviations. Multiple comparison tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of each bacterial isolates. When analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant effects, Tukey's-b test (assuming equal variances) and Games-Howell test (assuming unequal variances) was done to make comparison between groups at P<0.05 and P<0.01.
Results and Discussions
Isolation and characterization of bacteria
Total viable counts ranges from 4.5 X 104 (CFU/g) in to 20 X 104 (CFU/g). At 1000 μg/ml CdCl2 concentration, resistance to cadmium varies from 48% to 79.2%. Samples collected from crop field nearby petrol pumps showed the highest frequency for lead tolerant bacteria, showed some resemblance with the work of Bruins et al. [15]. The lower values of microbial load at higher metal concentrations showed correlation with the study of Anyanwu et al. [16].
All the isolates were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characterization [11]. The bacterial isolates identified in this study were mostly Gram-negative, the group that has been often found in metal polluted soils [17-20]. Among all the isolated strains, Ps-1 and Ps-4 showed the highest tolerance for Cd and Pb and hence selected for 16S rDNA sequencing. Neighbour-joining tree was constructed using both the sequences i.e., Ps-1 (Figure 1) and Ps-4 (Figure 2) and representative sequences from databases. It has been observed that the strain Ps-1 and Ps-4 had maximum sequence similarity with the species of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and occupied the same phylogenetic branch. The 16S rDNA gene sequences of the bacterial isolates were deposited in NCBI-GenBank having accession numbers: KF031122 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa SN1) and KF031123 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa SN3).
Screening for cadmium and lead tolerance
All the bacterial isolates exhibited high resistance to cadmium with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 400 μg/ml to 1800 μg/ml (Table 1). In presence of cadmium, P. aeruginosa SN1 and SN3 (coded as Ps-1 and Ps-4 respectively) showed the MIC values as 1700 μg/ml and 1800 μg/ml respectively. P. aeruginosa SN3 exhibited highest MIC for lead as 170 μg/ml. The present study suggests that the microorganisms tolerant to metals appear to be the result of exposure to metal contaminated environment, which is fairly consistent with the findings of Ramteke [21].
|Strain No.
|Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
|1700 μg/ml
|150 μg/ml
|1100 μg/ml
|80 μg/ml
|800 μg/ml
|100 μg/ml
|1800 μg/ml
|170 μg/ml
|1000 μg/ml
|150 μg/ml
|1200 μg/ml
|160 μg/ml
|700 μg/ml
|120 μg/ml
|400 μg/ml
|100 μg/ml
Table 1: Minimum inhibitory concentration of bacterial isolates to cadmium and lead.
Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on seedling growth of Oryza sativa L. inoculated in cadmium incorporated soil
A large number of studies have been already carried out in different crop plants which indicate that, toxic levels of heavy metals affect structural and permeability properties of inner membranes and organelles, cause inhibition of enzymatic activities, nutrient imbalances, decreases in rates of photosynthesis and transpiration [22,23], stimulate formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative stress [24], suppress seed germination and seedling growth [25], reproductive development, seed yield and seed quality [25] and induce deleterious anatomical and ultra-structural changes in crop plants [26,27].
In the present study, inoculation of P. aeruginosa SN1 significantly increases cadmium tolerance of Oryza sativa L. at all concentrations of Cd (20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) in soil. The increased seedling growth by P. aeruginosa SN1 having shoot length of 30.40 ± 0.30 cm at 50 mg/ kg Cd in soil was further compared with shoot length of pots without Cd and bacterial inoculation (Table 2) and the result was found to be consistent with the work of Zhong et al. [28]. The statistical result thus obtained demonstrates P. aeruginosa SN1 as a potent isolate for bioremediation purpose whereas P. aeruginosa SN3 showed no significant increase in the seedling growth of rice plant (Table 2). Several studies have evidenced the fact that heavy metal-resistant and plant growth-promoting bacteria can protect plants from the toxic effects of metals [29-31].
|Experimental setup
|Cadmium concentration
|Lead concentration
|20 mg Cd/kg soil
|50 mg Cd/kg soil
|20 mg Pb/kg soil
|50 mg Pb/kg soil
|Control (without Cd and bacteria)
|31.66 ± 0.42
|31.66 ± 0.42
|31.66 ± 0.42
|31.66 ± 0.42
|Uninoculated control (with HM only)
|27.62 ± 0.35
|25.18 ± 0.26
|24.56 ± 0.32
|23.66 ± 0.52
|Inoculation ofP. aeruginosaSN1
|30.40 ± 0.30*
|29.86 ± 1.33*
|27.02 ± 0.19*
|23.26 ± 0.36 ns
|Inoculation ofP. aeruginosaSN3
|26.40 ± 0.86ns
|22.24 ± 1.63ns
|28.64 ± 0.32*
|23.50 ± 0.29 ns
Table 2: Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on seedling growth and germination of Oryza sativa in cadmium and lead incorporated soil.
After 20 days of seedling inoculation, two strains, P. aeruginosa SN1 and P. aeruginosa SN3, showed significant result at 20mg/kg of lead in soil. However, these isolates do not show any significant response at 50 mg/kg of lead in soil. Statistical analysis and multiple comparison studies highlight the fact that P. aeruginosa SN3 attains 14% increased seedling growth as compared to uninoculated control pots at 20 mg/kg Pb in soil (Table 2). Present study shows some resemblance with the work of Vivas et al. [32], who found that the inoculation of Trifolium repens with Brevibacillus sp. B-I decreased the concentration of zinc in shoot tissues compared with respective uninoculated control. It can be inferred from the above experiment that, metal binding bacteria can reduce the metal bioavailability and restricts its entry into the plant root/shoot Madhaiyan et al. [33].
Present study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa SN1 could increase the growth of Oryza sativa L. in cadmium contaminated field. Both the tested Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showed significant result at 20 mg/kg of lead in soil, but the result was not significant at higher concentration of cadmium in soil. Overall study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa SN1 and P. aeruginosa SN3 could remediate cadmium and lead contaminated soil at concentration below 20mg/kg, thus dedicating sites which are set aside for long term agricultural purpose.
- Muchuweti M, Birkett JW, Chinyanga E, Zvauya R, Scrimshaw MD, et al, (2006) Heavy metal content of vegetables irrigated with mixture of wastewater and sewage sludge in Zimbabwe: implications for human health. Agriculture. Ecosystem and Environment 11: 41-48.
- Gratão PL, Polle A, Lea PJ, Azevedo RA (2005) Making the life of heavy metal stressed plants a little easier. Functl Plant Biol 32: 481-494.
- Gadd GM (1992) Metals and microorganisms: a problem of definition. FEMS MicrobiolLett 100: 197-204.
- Gadd GM, Griffiths AJ (1978) Microorganisms and heavy metal toxicity. MicrobEcol 4: 303-317.
- Gadd GM (2004) Microbial influence on metal mobility and application for bioremediation. Geoderma 122: 109-119.
- Gadd GM (2007) Geomycology: biogeochemical transformations of rocks, minerals, metals and radionuclides by fungi, bioweathering and bioremediation. Mycol Res 111: 3-49.
- Violante A, Huang PM, Gadd GM (editors) (2008) Biophysicochemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments. Chichester: Wiley.
- Ehrlich HL, Newman DK (2009) Geomicrobiology, 5th edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis.
- Carrasco JA, Armario P, Pa juelo E, Burgos A, (2005) Isolation and characterisation of symbiotically effective Rhizobium resistant to arsenic and heavy metals after the toxic spill at the Aznalcollar pyrite mine. Soil Biol. Biochem 37: 1131-1140.
- Ge HW, Lian MF, Wen FZ, Yun YF, Jian FY, et al, (2009) Isolation and characterization of the heavy metal resistant bacteria CCNWRS33-2 isolated from root nodule of Lespedeza cuneata in gold mine tailings in China. J. Hazard Mater 162: 50-56.
- Krieg NR, Holt JG (1984) Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 1, eds: Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore.
- Sambrook J, Russell DW (2001) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
- Aleem A, Isar J, Malik A, (2003) Impact of long-term application of industrial wastewater on the emergence of resistance traits in Azotobacterchroococcum isolated from rhizospheric soil. BioresourTechnol 86: 7-13.
- Singh N, Pandey P, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK, (2008) Biological control of root rot fungus Macrophominaphaseolina and growth enhancement of Pinusroxburghii (Sarg.) by rhizosphere competent Bacillus subtilis BN1. World J MicrobiolBiotechnol 24: 1669–1679.
- Bruins MR, Kapil S, Oehme FW, (2003) Characterization of a small plasmid (pMBCP) from bovine Pseudomonas pickettii that confers cadmium resistance. Ecotox. Environ. Safe 54: 241-248.
- Anyanwu CU, Nwankwo SC, Moneke AN, (2011) Soil Bacterial Response to Introduced Metal Stress. International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences 11: 109-115.
- Kunito T, Shibata S, Matsumoto S, Oyaizu H, (1997) Zinc resistance of Methylobacterium species. Biosci.Biotech.Biochem 61: 729–731.
- Trojanovska S, Brotz ML, Bhave M, (1997) Detection of heavy metal ion resistance genes in Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria isolated from a lead contaminated site. Biodegradation 8: 113–124.
- BrimH, Heuer H, Kro¨gerrecklenfortE, Mergeay M, SmallaK(1999) Characterization of the bacterial community of a zinc polluted soil. Can J Microbiol 45: 326–338.
- KozdrojJ, van Elsas JD, (2000) Response of the bacterial community to root exudates in soil polluted with heavy metals assessed by molecular and cultural approaches. Soil BiolBiochem 32: 1405-1417.
- Ramteke PW (1997) Plasmid mediated co-transfer of antibiotic resistance and heavy metal tolerance in coliforms. Indian JMicrobiol 37: 177-181.
- Green C, Vhaney R, Bouwkamp J (2003) Interactions between cadmium and phytotoxic levels of zinc in hard red spring wheat. J Plant Nutr 26: 417-430.
- Azevado H, Pinto CGG, Farnandes J, Loureiro S, Santos C, (2005) Cadmium effects on sunflower growth and photosynthesis. J. Plant Nutr 28: 2211-2220.
- Sandalio LM, Dalurzo HC, Gomez M, Romero-Puertas MC, del Rio LA (2005) Cadmium induced changes in growth and oxidative metabolism of pea plants. J Expt Bot 52: 2115-2126.
- Beri A, Setia RC, (1995) Assessment of growth and yield in Lens culinaris Medic. var. masar 9-12 treated with heavy metals under N-supplied conditions. J Indian Bot. Soc 74: 293-297.
- Liu D Kottke I, (2004) Subcellular localization of cadmium in root cells of Allium cepa by electron energy loss spectroscopy and cytochemistry. J. Biosci 29: 329-335.
- Maruthi Sridhar BB, Diehl SV, Han FX, Monts DL, Su Y, (2005) Anatomical changes due to uptake and accumulation of Zn and Cd in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Environ. Expt. Bot 54: 131-141.
- Zhong W, Yun-Jie GU, Hirasawa T, OokawaT, Satogo Y (2004) Comparison of caryopsis development between two rice varieties with remarkable difference in grain weight. ActaBotanicaSinica 44: 698-710.
- Burd GI, Dixon DG, Glick BR, (2000) Plant growth promoting bacteria that decrease heavy metal toxicity in plants. Can J. Microbiol 46: 237-245.
- Dell'Amico E, Cavalca L, Andreoni V, (2005) Analysis of rhizobacterial communities in perennial Graminaceae from polluted water meadow soil, and screening of metal-resistant, potentially plant growth-promoting bacteria. FEMS Microbiol.Ecol 52: 153-162.
- Jiang CY, Sheng XF, Qian M, Wang QY, (2008) Isolation and characterization of a heavy metal resistant Burkholderia sp. from heavy metal contaminated paddy field soil and its potential in promoting plant growth and heavy metal accumulation in metal polluted soil. Chemosphere 72:157–164.
- Vivas A, Biro B, Ruíz-Lozanoa JM, Azcon R (2006) Two bacterial strains isolated from a Zn-polluted soil enhance plant growth and mycorrhizal efficiency under Zn toxicity. Chemosphere 52: 1523-1533.
- Madhaiyan M, Poonguzhali S, Sa T (2007) Metal tolerating methylotrophic bacteria reduces nickel and cadmium toxicity and promotes plant growth of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum L.). Chemosphere 69: 220-228.
Citation: Nath S, Deb B, Sharma I, Pandey P (2014) Role of Cadmium and Lead Tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Seedling Germination of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Environ Anal Toxicol 4: 221. Doi: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000221
Copyright: © 2014 Nath S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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text: Seonghui Jo Seonghui Jo Tracks and playlists liked by Seonghui Jo 아름다워 - 창모 by Tuvshinjargal Saikhan published on 2017-02-03T21:09:34Z 창모 (CHANGMO) - Holy God [닿는 순간] by musiclove published on 2018-06-11T15:23:15Z 창모 (CHANGMO) - Selfmade Orange (Feat. SUPERBEE) [닿는 순간] by musiclove published on 2018-06-11T15:24:11Z DPR LIVE - Playlist by erica published on 2018-06-12T09:49:44Z Sik-K (식케이) - party (SHUT DOWN) (Feat. 크러쉬) [H.A.L.F (Have.A.Little.Fun)] by ombot published on 2017-06-05T04:19:58Z DPR LIVE - Jasmine (prod. CODE KUNST) by abigail published on 2018-04-15T16:27:44Z DPR LIVE- Text Me by hsolo_kr published on 2018-05-26T14:45:38Z JUSTHIS(저스디스), Kid Milli, NO#EL, Young B(영비) - IndiGO by winmin published on 2018-06-27T06:59:42Z Joji - Head In The Clouds by joji published on 2018-07-22T00:19:19Z 김광진 - 편지 by Beun Gum Hee published on 2013-03-03T10:20:18Z


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Call Us Today (888)273-0914 or (251)298-5580
Guest Rating:
Vacation rental condominium. Sleeps 10, 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms. No pets allowed.
Gulf Shores, AL 36542
United States
Come see why this Phoenix Gulf Shores condo is the best for your family!
Our condo is perfectly situated on the 11th floor directly overlooking the outdoor pools at Phoenix Gulf Shores with incredible panoramic views of the Gulf!! We also have a keyless entry door lock so you do not have to keep up with any keys during your stay!
You can enjoy a spectacular view of the Gulf from the balcony or through the floor-to-ceiling windows in the unit. With over 1,750 sq ft the unit is very spacious, newly furnished and new to the rental market!!
Amenities are abundant at this Phoenix Gulf Shores condo: the unit is appointed with full-size appliances, wet bar with ice maker, 60" flat screen HDTV in living room and a flat screen 55" HDTVs in the master and 2nd bedroom and a 45" HDTV in the 3rd bedroom,
laundry room with full size washer and dryer. There is a King bed in the Master, a King in the 2nd bedroom and two Queen beds in the 3rd bedroom.
There is an awesome zero entry outdoor pool with a water slide, heated in-door swimming pool, two Jacuzzi's, state-of-the-art fitness center overlooking the Gulf, BBQ Grills, and a tennis court..
There is a 25 year old minimum age limit to reserve the unit which will be enforced with no refund for violation.
Your vacation will be complete at Phoenix Gulf Shores with all of the amenities, the beach and luxurious accommodations. Come and enjoy all that this new Phoenix has to offer, please email to book a vacation to remember.
Parking: You must purchase your parking passes upon arrival, they are a one time fee of $35 per vehicle. Any 3br unit you rent at Phoenix Gulf Shores guarantees you can purchase up to TWO parking passes, the front desk will sell you additional passes based
on the occupancy of the complex during your stay but do not expect an extra pass during the summer season.
Stayed 8 days ending in
April, 2018
Overall satisfaction:
Laura D from Birmingham, AL recommends this vacation rental
We enjoyed our time at this condo. Our overall experience was great. Great view, beautiful condo, nice new building and heated indoor pool. Phoenix Gulf Shores checked all the boxes for a great vacation. Hope to come back soon.
Stayed 7 days ending in
March, 2018
Pamela J from Jenks, OK recommends this vacation rental
Our 2018 Spring Break destination! This was an incredible condo and will plan on staying with the Phoenix Gulf Shores again! The staff was friendly and upbeat, made my family and I feel very welcome and at home. Lisa you rock! Thank you for all of your
Stayed 6 days ending in
March, 2018
Amy T from Hartford City, IN recommends this vacation rental
We (3 couples)had a wonderful time - the condo is absolutely beautiful and in the perfect location!
Stayed 7 days ending in
December, 2017
Nancy B recommends this vacation rental
We went over the Christmas holidays knowing the weather would not be hot. When we opened the door at the condo, we immediately fell in love. It is beautiful, clean and the view is gorgeous. It was such a comfortable nice condo and the location is fantastic!
Very close to restaurants, bars and of course it is right on the beach! Played volleyball, took long walks. The pools and whirlpools are just super!
Stayed 3 days ending in
December, 2017
a guest from Fort Collins, Colorado recommends this vacation rental
This unit was absolutely perfect. We were so pleased! It was decorated so nicely & we really appreciated how great the kitchen amenities were! We lacked nothing. Loved this rental so much that my spouse even said the next time we visit Gulf Shores, we
will try to rent this unit again. He's never said that before!:)
Stayed 8 days ending in
November, 2017
a guest from mobile, AL recommends this vacation rental
I have booked tons of condos over the years and very picky. This blew my mind just from the pictures, and amazing communication from Cayce.
When we arrived I was in awe... TRULY AMAZING...and even better in person! I cannot say enough amazing things about this condo, building, and company! THIS UNIT IS HUGE and the balcony is a dream!!!
We stayed for Thanksgiving week and I have never seen a condo SO stocked with absolutely everything you could ever need for cooking a huge meal...the amount of items, the quality of the items in the condo... just wonderful!!
If you're looking to rent this condo, do not even hesitate to look any further.. This is it!!! :)
The ONLY thing I would recommend for the owners to add would be a DVD player, bath pillow for the Jacuzzi, and 2 more lounge chairs on the balcony.... but even without these things, it was SPECTACULAR!!
WE WILL be renting again! :)
Stayed 7 days ending in
September, 2017
a guest from Antioch, TN recommends this vacation rental
Great week began in the parking garage after normal check in hours. Rhonda(?) was so helpful! Deliverd the parking pass up to us as we unloaded. Beautiful new unit!! Great views! Wonderful lovely modern kitchen fully stocked!!! Came back home & ordered
several of the kitchen gadgets for the cooks in my family!! Wish for better black out curtains in the bedroom w external hallway view. Thanks for an awesome family vacation. See you next year!
Stayed 6 days ending in
September, 2017
Melinda A from St louis, MO recommends this vacation rental
Hurricane Irma cancelled our Disney trip. We booked this condo one day ahead of arrival. The management was so helpful. He even checked in via email to see if we needed anything. This condo and it's facilities were beautiful and very clean. We loved the
large size and furnishings. The location was very convenient to shopping and restaurants. We were traveling with young children and loved the indoor and outdoor pools as well as short distance from the boardwalk to the ocean. We would definitely stay here
Stayed 4 days ending in
September, 2017
a guest recommends this vacation rental
We booked this condo for 4 nights in early September. What a gorgeous condo. Very tastefully decorated, well appointed. An abundance of plates, glassware and cooking utensils. Comfortable furniture and beds. Great location on the beach with an awesome
view. Close to shopping and restaurants. We'll definitely book this condo again.
If you're looking for recommendations for dining try Cosmo's and Cobalt. Both have great food and excellent service.
Stayed 3 days ending in
August, 2017
a guest from Belmont, ms recommends this vacation rental
The condo was lovely. Furnishings were comfortable and brand new. Views from the balcony was great and we enjoyed waking up to the ocean views each morning in our bedroom. The unit wasn't furnished just yet when we booked it and rented it on total faith
of what we were told by the management company and it didn't disappoint one bit. We are so glad we trusted Cayce because the new Phoenix is great. Stay at 1102. You will be so glad you did.
Stayed 8 days ending in
July, 2017
I usually never write reviews. We booked condo at the last minute and we could not have been more impressed. The location was perfect. Condo amentites were great for all ages. The condo was new and beautifully decorated. Plenty of room for our group.
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Hotel Grand Chancellor Adelaide
|Today's price
Free Wireless Internet
Cancellation policy (Click for detail)
This rate is non-refundable. If you choose to change or cancel this booking you will not be refunded any of the payment.
Room info (Click for detail)
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Property Location
A stay at Hotel Grand Chancellor Adelaide places you in the heart of Adelaide, within a 10-minute walk of Rundle Mall and Adelaide Festival Centre. This 4-star hotel is 0.3 mi (0.6 km) from Government House and 0.4 mi (0.7 km) from Victoria Square.
Make yourself at home in one of the 208 air-conditioned rooms featuring minibars. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and satellite programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include desks and complimentary newspapers.
Don't miss out on the many recreational opportunities, including an outdoor pool, a spa tub, and a sauna. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services.
Satisfy your appetite for dinner at the hotel's restaurant, Bistro Sixty5, or stay in and take advantage of the 24-hour room service. Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge. Buffet breakfasts are available daily for a fee.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a business center, dry cleaning/laundry services, and a 24-hour front desk. Self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.
National Rating
This property has been awarded a star rating from the Australian Star Ratings Agency, Star Ratings Australia.
Know Before You Go
- Up to 2 children 12 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.
- Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
- The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out.
- Fee for buffet breakfast: AUD 25 per person (approximately)
- Self parking fee: AUD 18 per day
- Rollaway bed fee: AUD 40.0 per day
- Onsite credit card charges are subject to a surcharge
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Mandatory Fees and Taxes
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at the property:
- Deposit: AUD 50-150 per night
We have included all charges provided to us by the property. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


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The Doomed City
- Narrated by: Chris Andrew Ciulla
- Length: 17 hrs and 56 mins
- Unabridged Audiobook
- Release date: 26-12-17
- Language: English
- Publisher: Blackstone Audio
- Whispersync for Voice-ready
The Doomed City is set in an experimental city whose sun gets switched on in the morning and off at night, a city bordered by an abyss on one side and an impossibly high wall on the other. Its inhabitants are people plucked from 20th-century history at various times and places and left to govern themselves under conditions established by Mentors whose purpose seems inscrutable.
Andrei Voronin, a young astronomer taken from Leningrad in the 1950s, is a die-hard believer in the Experiment, even though his first job in the city is as a garbage collector. As increasingly nightmarish scenarios begin to affect the city, Voronin rises through the political hierarchy, with devastating effect.
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By Ivan on 15-03-18
Great Book
A great book if you're a fan of the authors but please skip the introduction as it contains minor spoilers.
7 of 7 people found this review helpful
By patrick on 22-07-18
still amazing
when you fall under the spell of these brothers writing, you'll search out everything available. smart strong thoughtful witty biting and fun. This novel in particular is layered and although it has a timestamp of cold war era in the background, still feels fresh and relevant in the current world environment.
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text: In the Backyard, Laurel, MD Leave a Comment / Nature / By Thelma Michelle Moore I took pictures of grass and weeds, not that kind :-), in the backyard. I started to process them and thought that they actually make very nice black and white photos. Buy Prints and Cards


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Bedroom .Mie C Lassen.Wednesday, December 13th 2017, 19:18:31 PM.
They're environmentally friendly! As mentioned earlier, getting organic furniture would help the environment because the usage of harmful chemicals will be reduced. Poisonous chemicals that help preserve and increase the lifespan of the furniture are very toxic to the environment. Most of these chemicals break down very slowly, and are very likely to poison the earth, the air and the water for a very long time if released to the environment. Organic furniture contains none of these preservatives and harmful chemicals. Using natural fibers like cotton or flax that are grown without the usage of pesticides pose no harm to the environment. Furthermore, organic bedroom furniture help reduce waste because they are very long-lasting and have a longer lifespan as compared to synthetic composite wood. These types of wood break down easily, adding to the bulk of waste and trash dumped into the environment. You are less likely to throw away organic furniture because they are very strong and long-lasting. Other than this, organic bedroom furniture manufacturers strive to reduce the usage of certain materials in furniture assembly and making that are not friendly to the environment. Synthetic backboards, Styrofoam packaging, bubble wraps and the like are not utilized anymore. All in all, you get beautiful furniture whilst protecting the environment.
While shopping for bedroom furniture, most buyers prefer oak bedroom furniture. The wooden furniture brings a piece of nature to your bedroom. The natural color of wood amalgamates harmoniously with the bedroom decor.
The big difference between bedroom furniture and furniture in the rest of the house is that bedroom furniture is not usually seen by visitors. Bedroom furniture is considered part of the private life of the owner. Furniture used in the bedroom has the potential to influence the mindset of the person using the bedroom.
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