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Mentasta Lake School
Mentasta Lake, Mentasta Lake, AK 99780
(907) 291-2317
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Mentasta Lake
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Mentasta Lake
Se Fairbanks
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(907) 291-2317
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Barbara Dalke
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According to our records, this business is located at Mentasta Lake in Mentasta Lake (in Se Fairbanks County), Alaska 99780, the location GPS coordinates are: 64.8377778 (latitude), -147.7163889 (longitude). Mentasta Lake School is categorized under Private Junior High School (SIC code 8211). Known organization principal is Barbara Dalke. The company employs approximately 7 people. You can contact the company by phone at (907) 291-2317.
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|NFL Football
|Player News
|Live Odds
|Latest News
|Dec. 31, 2017 2:07 PM PT3:07 PM MT4:07 PM CT5:07 PM ET22:07 GMT6:07 3:07 PM MST5:07 PM EST4:07 PM CT2:07 UAE (+1)17:07 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for nine yards on nine carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 23-10 loss to the Minnesota Vikings. He added one reception for five yards.
Analysis: This was a bad way to end what was otherwise a soild season for the second-year player, but maybe it's not a big surprise because the Vikings own possibly the league's best defense. Howard came up about 200 yards shy of what he rushed for as a rookie, but he still surpassed 1,100 despite managing just 90 yards on the ground in the final three weeks.
|Dec. 24, 2017 2:35 PM PT3:35 PM MT4:35 PM CT5:35 PM ET22:35 GMT6:35 3:35 PM MST5:35 PM EST4:35 PM CT2:35 UAE (+1)17:35 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 44 yards and two touchdowns on 22 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 20-3 win over the Cleveland Browns.
Analysis: Howard has nine rushing TDs this season, and six of them have come against three teams from the AFC North.
|Dec. 16, 2017 4:16 PM PT5:16 PM MT6:16 PM CT7:16 PM ET0:16 GMT8:16 5:16 PM MST7:16 PM EST6:16 PM CT4:16 UAE (+1)19:16 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 37 yards on 10 carries Saturday in the Chicago Bears' 20-10 loss to the Detroit Lions. He added four receptions for 26 yards.
Analysis: Howard entered the game with 1,032 rushing yards but didn't get many carries as Mitchell Trubisky set a season high with 46 pass attempts.
|Dec. 10, 2017 2:44 PM PT3:44 PM MT4:44 PM CT5:44 PM ET22:44 GMT6:44 3:44 PM MST5:44 PM EST4:44 PM CT2:44 UAE (+1)17:44 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 147 yards and two touchdowns on 23 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 33-7 win over the Cincinnati Bengals. He added one reception for eight yards.
Analysis: Howard has rushed for 1,032 yards this season. He's the first Bears running back to start their career with consecutive 1,000-yard seasons.
|Dec. 3, 2017 1:29 PM PT2:29 PM MT3:29 PM CT4:29 PM ET21:29 GMT5:29 2:29 PM MST4:29 PM EST3:29 PM CT1:29 UAE (+1)16:29 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 38 yards on 13 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 15-14 loss to the San Francisco 49ers. He added one reception for -5 yards.
Analysis: Howard is fading at the wrong time for fantasy owners. He's totaled 44 yards on 20 carries in his last two games as teams continue to key on him as the main threat on an otherwise anemic offense.
|Nov. 26, 2017 1:16 PM PT2:16 PM MT3:16 PM CT4:16 PM ET21:16 GMT5:16 2:16 PM MST4:16 PM EST3:16 PM CT1:16 UAE (+1)16:16 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for six yards on seven carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 31-3 loss to the Philadelphia Eagles. He added two receptions for 13 yards.
Analysis: This was never a good matchup for Howard, who is still Chicago's best fantasy option going forward.
|Nov. 19, 2017 2:03 PM PT3:03 PM MT4:03 PM CT5:03 PM ET22:03 GMT6:03 3:03 PM MST5:03 PM EST4:03 PM CT2:03 UAE (+1)17:03 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 125 yards and one touchdown on 15 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 27-24 loss to the Detroit Lions.
Analysis: Howard pleased fantasy owners with his first rushing touchdown since Week 4. He has 841 yards and five scores in 10 games on the season.
|Nov. 12, 2017 1:30 PM PT2:30 PM MT3:30 PM CT4:30 PM ET21:30 GMT5:30 2:30 PM MST4:30 PM EST3:30 PM CT1:30 UAE (+1)16:30 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 54 yards on 15 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 23-16 loss to the Green Bay Packers.
Analysis: It wasn't the most productive day for Howard, but he became the fastest player in franchise history to compile 2,000 career rushing yards. We like him to bounce back next week.
|Oct. 29, 2017 2:01 PM PT3:01 PM MT4:01 PM CT5:01 PM ET21:01 GMT5:01 2:01 PM MST4:01 PM EST3:01 PM CT1:01 UAE (+1)17:01 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 102 yards on 23 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 20-12 loss to the New Orleans Saints. He added three receptions for 19 yards.
Analysis: The Bears are relying heavily on Howard, which continues to bode well for fantasy owners. He's rushed for 603 yards and three touchdowns over the past six games.
|Oct. 22, 2017 1:20 PM PT2:20 PM MT3:20 PM CT4:20 PM ET20:20 GMT4:20 1:20 PM MST3:20 PM EST3:20 PM CT0:20 UAE (+1)16:20 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 65 yards on 21 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 17-3 win over the Carolina Panthers.
|Oct. 15, 2017 1:34 PM PT2:34 PM MT3:34 PM CT4:34 PM ET20:34 GMT4:34 1:34 PM MST3:34 PM EST3:34 PM CT0:34 UAE (+1)16:34 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 167 yards on 36 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 27-24 win over the Baltimore Ravens. He added one reception for nine yards.
Analysis: Howard's 36 rushing attempts are the most by a Bears player since James Allen in 2000, and his 167 rushing yards are the most by a Bear since Matt Forte in 2011. Even with Tarik Cohen taking away some touches, especially in the passing game, Howard remains a terrific fantasy option as the Bears focusing heavily on the ground game with rookie Mitchell Trubisky under center. Howard has had at least 18 carries in four straight games, averaging 4.5 yards per carry.
|Oct. 9, 2017 8:26 PM PT9:26 PM MT10:26 PM CT11:26 PM ET3:26 GMT11:26 8:26 PM MST10:26 PM EST10:26 PM CT7:26 UAE (+1)23:26 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 76 yards on 19 carries Monday in the Chicago Bears' 20-17 loss to the Minnesota Vikings.
Analysis: Howard didn't reach the end zone, but he's having a productive stretch with 269 yards and three touchdowns in his last three games.
|Sep. 29, 2017 9:14 PM PT10:14 PM MT11:14 PM CT12:14 AM ET4:14 GMT12:14 9:14 PM MST11:14 PM EST11:14 PM CT8:14 UAE0:14 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 53 yards and one touchdown on 18 carries Thursday in the Chicago Bears' 35-14 loss to the Green Bay Packers. He added two receptions for 10 yards.
Analysis: Howard continued to battle through his shoulder issue, and seemed to be shaken up from time to time again in this contest. Fantasy owners have to be wondering how long Howard can play through this injury.
|Sep. 27, 2017 10:56 AM PT11:56 AM MT12:56 PM CT1:56 PM ET17:56 GMT1:56 10:56 AM MST12:56 PM EST12:56 PM CT21:56 UAE13:56 ETNaN:� - Howard (shoulder) is not on the final injury report for Thursday's game against the Packers and will play.
Analysis: This is a bit surprising after how much the shoulder seemed to bother him at the end of last week's game, but this seems to pave the way for him being the Bears' lead back once again even with Tarik Cohen looking great.
|Sep. 24, 2017 4:47 PM PT5:47 PM MT6:47 PM CT7:47 PM ET23:47 GMT7:47 4:47 PM MST6:47 PM EST6:47 PM CT3:47 UAE (+1)19:47 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 138 yards and two touchdowns on 23 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 23-17 win over the Pittsburgh Steelers. He added five receptions for 26 yards and fumbled once.
Analysis: Howard pushed through the pain in his right shoulder to give the Bears the lift they needed, scoring on a 19-yard run in overtime. Howard came up clutching his right shoulder - which has bothered him since the opener - several times and wasn't sure he would make it through this game.
|Sep. 20, 2017 4:02 PM PT5:02 PM MT6:02 PM CT7:02 PM ET23:02 GMT7:02 4:02 PM MST6:02 PM EST6:02 PM CT3:02 UAE (+1)19:02 ETNaN:� - Howard was taken off the injury report on Friday after being limited in practice for the second straight day Thursday due to his lingering shoulder issue.
Analysis: Howard first hurt the shoulder in the opener and was ineffective against the Bucs last week. Fantasy owners hope this move means Howard is ready to go full speed against the Steelers.
|Sep. 17, 2017 8:28 AM PT9:28 AM MT10:28 AM CT11:28 AM ET15:28 GMT23:28 8:28 AM MST10:28 AM EST10:28 AM CT19:28 UAE11:28 ETNaN:� - Howard is active for Sunday's game at Tampa Bay.
Analysis: Howard was limited in practice this week with a shoulder injury.
|Sep. 17, 2017 1:36 PM PT2:36 PM MT3:36 PM CT4:36 PM ET20:36 GMT4:36 1:36 PM MST3:36 PM EST3:36 PM CT0:36 UAE (+1)16:36 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for seven yards on nine carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 29-7 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
Analysis: Howard's string of 10 straight games with at least 50 yards rushing has ended.
|Sep. 13, 2017 4:03 PM PT5:03 PM MT6:03 PM CT7:03 PM ET23:03 GMT7:03 4:03 PM MST6:03 PM EST6:03 PM CT3:03 UAE (+1)19:03 ETNaN:� - According to an ESPN report, Howard is expected to play Sunday despite being questionable with a shoulder injury.
Analysis: He was limited in practice this week but appears to be good enough to go in Week 2, maybe taking some steam away from those who were very high on Tarik Cohen for this matchup after his strong season opener.
|Sep. 10, 2017 5:18 PM PT6:18 PM MT7:18 PM CT8:18 PM ET0:18 GMT8:18 5:18 PM MST7:18 PM EST7:18 PM CT4:18 UAE (+1)20:18 ETNaN:� - Jordan Howard ran for 52 yards and one touchdown on 13 carries Sunday in the Chicago Bears' 23-17 loss to the Atlanta Falcons. He added three receptions for 14 yards.
Analysis: Though still the Bears' clear-cut No. 1 back, Howard was outplayed by promising rookie Tarik Cohen in the opener. If Cohen indeed turns out to be the real deal, the 2016 first-year sensation will be hard-pressed to duplicate the 1,611 yards from scrimmage he produced in his debut.
|Aug. 18, 2017 3:54 PM PT4:54 PM MT5:54 PM CT6:54 PM ET22:54 GMT6:54 3:54 PM MST5:54 PM EST5:54 PM CT2:54 UAE (+1)18:54 ETNaN:� - Howard sustained a corneal abrasion during a walk-through practice Friday and has been ruled out for the team's preseason game against the Arizona Cardinals.
Analysis: Howard, who was selected to the Pro Bowl last season, did not travel with the team to Arizona for Saturday's game. Multiple outlets reported that the Bears are of the mindset that Howard's injury is minor. Howard rushed 252 times for 1,313 yards with six touchdowns in 15 games last season and had 29 receptions for 298 yards and a score.
|Career Rushing/Receiving Stats

subset: commoncrawl


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Housing Moves is the Mayor of London's housing mobility scheme that allows tenants of London boroughs or housing associations to move outside their existing borough to a different part of London. It is run by the Greater London Authority and the majority of London boroughs and housing associations are participating.
You can use this website to register for Housing Moves and you can sign in once you have your User ID and password to view the properties that are on offer and available for you to bid for. You can also find out more about how Housing Moves works by clicking on the links from this page.
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cb wrote:hi, i suggest before you make your choice you read a great book called surviving greek tragedy. if the title repels you (as it did for me when i first saw it), having read it several times, you can understand the word "surviving" in the title to mean "the tragedy that's survived to our times", i.e. "extant", rather than "coming through tragedy with psychological wholeness" or some other modern idea that's beyond me. it goes through the different plays that have been popular/most commented at different points in the history from then to now and so may help you make your choice -- there are better ancient/byzantine/modern resources for some plays compared to others.
cb wrote:...there are better ancient/byzantine/modern resources for some plays compared to others...
Paul Derouda wrote:I have only read two tragedies in Greek myself, Aeschylus' Agamemnon and Euripides' Trojan Women. I haven't read any other even in translation, so I can't really contribute much as to which tragedy would be most interesting for you. But one thing to note is that the Greek of some tragedies is much more difficult than that of others. Usually they say Euripides is easiest and Aeschylus is hardest, and Sophocles somewhere between. At least for me this seemed true, I read Trojan Women in a couple of consecutive evenings with not much trouble, without any commentary. Agamemnon, on the other hand, was really, really hard. There was scarcely one single sentence that wasn't difficult, even with all sorts of help. Aeschylus can be seriously hard, unless you're pretty good in Greek. If what they say is true and Sophocles is easier, that's a serious reason to read him first. If I had known how difficult Agamemnon was, I would definitely have left it for later and read more easier tragedies first.
Paul Derouda wrote:On the other hand, if you're going to get a lot of help from your professor, that might be a good reason to pick something hard, to get maximum benefit!
Paul Derouda wrote:Hmm... This thread made wonder why I haven't read any Sophocles myself yet. I even have one completely untouched Loeb by Sophocles (actually precisely the one with Ajax, which is the first play in the book!). Maybe I'll start reading it myself! I don't know about this Loeb, but generally I think the new Loebs are great. Anyway, if you want discuss some passages with other people than your professor, post here and probably somebody will get interested.
Scribo wrote:The new loebs are by Lloyd-Jones, so of course they're phenomenal. The Aias has an absolutely phenomenal commentary by P Finglass but if you're just having trouble reading it I'm told the commentario cum translatio by Garvie (Aris and Phillips?) is a wonder, but that's second hand information. If you're set on the Aias (and why not?) then I suggest you try and get a copy of the latter.
Tragedy wise I'm basically exactly where I was last time this topic came up, all Sophocles and Aeschylus, slowly slowly making progress with Euripides but I generally can't stand him and really hate that I'm expected to have read them all. Awful poet for effeminate half men, Aristophanes got him right.
Aeschylus is a wonder, he writes like a man and reading the hepta I get the impression I'd very much like him at my back in a fight.
I think though that if you really want to do the Aias, do it, actually wanting to do something which make it much easier and its one hell of a play.
Scribo wrote:Yeah people seem to love it, I asked a student who used it and said it was very helpful and its on all the reading lists. The Aias seems to have been a popular commentary target though, I've noticed books by Stanford and Jebb too. Of course, how many of these are geared towards explicating the text for students and how many are meant for people working with the text is anyone's guess, though its always amusing to watch people complain that an OUP or CUP Orange isn't giving basic grammatical help, I swear some people are insanely self centred. There was one of those Tumblur blog thingies which was full of hilarious complaints.
So, I've cracked open my Sophocles again and started re-reading the Aias, I'm going to go back through Finglass too in case I'm missing too much, since my own notes might as well be in an obscure dialect of Chinese. I have forgot how wonderful this play is, I don't know I just love the use of language and just the overall...reaction it gets from me. Soph still doesn't topple Aeschylus for me though, but it really is rather good.
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1. Location: Buckeye AZ
2. Favorite Current Cardinal: Darryl Washington
3. Favorite Former Cardinal: anneas williams (however you spell his name lol)
4. Other teams in the NFL you root for?: none
5. Other sports you enjoy? Nba
What other sporting teams do you root for?: Suns,
6. Anything else you care to share?:AZ sports are back


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Since May 28, and until yesterday…
The Chicago Cubs have won just 12 times (34 games).
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The Cubs have scored just 103 runs (3.03 runs per game).
If you take out 12-run outburst against the Angels, the Cubs have scored just 2.75 runs per game.


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Tomorrow my best friend and I are going to spend a little quality time together for the holidays in lieu of exchanging gifts, and we're going to make a gingerbread house. Of course, this meant I had to start researching how to make a good gingerbread house.
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This is really a great way to spend quality time with family and friends! We also have some really cute gingerbread cookie puzzles for inspiration, and even a great 3D puzzle if you don't feel like working with tempting treats and sweets! This 3D model of a colorful and magical gingerbread house is a super fun way to build that dream candy house without all the mess! And you can keep it forever!


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Hitch Equipment
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Doodle Print Rubber Rain Boots
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The divide between those who live in rural areas and those from cities ruptured wide this past weekend across America in a debate over a provocative photo of California Fish and Game Commission President Dan Richards and a huge mountain lion he shot legally after an 8-hour hunt in Idaho.
Some comments on Facebook suggest that Richards should be the one hunted and shot, that he should be jailed, that is unethical to shoot anything you do not eat, and hunting of any kind is barbaric.
Most from rural backgrounds would see nothing wrong with the photo. Mountain lions are predators that kill lots of deer and other animals, including house pets and farm animals, and fewer of them means more of just about everything else. Same with coyotes. Since the hunt occurred in Idaho, where mountain lion hunting is legal, there was nothing illegal about anything Richards did.
The photo first appeared in Western Outdoor News at http://www.wonews.com/Blog.aspx?id=1646 as an innocuous sidebar to a column post by Paul Lebowitz, 2010 California Outdoor Writer of the Year. The Humane Society of the United States, an anti-hunting organization, then copied and circulated the photo around the country.
It will likely go viral this week as more people copy and exchange it on social networks.
According to Lebowitz, Richards said the hunt occurred earlier this month in steep terrain in remote Idaho that required him to hike eight hours in snow. "I'm glad it's legal in Idaho," Lebowitz quoted Richards in the caption to the photo.
Some think that mountain lions are a threatened or endangered species. They are neither. Wildlife biologists say that lions are healthy and abundant in much of California. Mountain lions are rather a specially protected species in California by a law created by a voter's initiative, not by wildlife biologists.
This is one of the hottest tracking outdoors stories in the nation right now, not just in California. The debate is provocative. If you don't like one side or the other, well, don't shoot the messenger.


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With a rich history in higher education that spans over 150 years, Kean University is a world-class, vibrant and diverse university offering more than 52 undergraduate and 35 graduate programs, with over 85 options for graduate study including doctoral programs in psychology and education leadership.
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With unusual-character-driven titles like "Sleeping Beauty," about a teenager with a rare sleep disorder, and "Gold Rush," in which a group of unemployed men aim to support their families by striking it rich mining in Alaska, it makes perfect sense that Brit docu shingle Raw TV should look to another troubled soul to help it cross over into the theatrical realm.
"The Imposter," the story of a young Frenchman, Frederic Bourdin, who convinces a family from San Antonio, Texas, that he was their missing teenage son, hit U.S. theaters July 13 via Indomina, which acquired rights shortly after the pic debuted at Sundance. Revolver Entertainment and Picturehouse are co-releasing the pic in the U.K., with Madman Entertainment owning Australian rights.
"We're story junkies," says Raw producer and managing director Dimitri Doganis. "That's the thing that really defines us."
Trawling for stories, the shingle's creative director Bart Layton, who also directed the movie, says he knew he had something when he stumbled upon the article about Bourdin. "This guy had successfully stolen the identity of another human being. If it was fiction, it would be farfetched," Layton says. "We thought it was incredibly compelling and bigger than TV. We'd been looking for (the subject of) our first feature film, and this certainly felt like it had potential to have a new kind of documentary language."
Genre has been Raw's stock in trade from the outset, since Doganis, a former video journalist, set up the London shingle in 2000 with a £25,000 ($38,770) development deal with Blighty's Channel 4 to make popular docs. Leyton joined Raw in 2005. Today, the company boasts revenues of around $31 million, with shows including "Gold Rush," which airs on the Discovery Channel in the U.S. and has been renewed for a third season, and "Locked Up Abroad," the longest-running series in the history of the National Geographic Channel.
But the bigscreen has always been the shingle's goal. "?'The Imposter' is what we've been working toward," Doganis says.
Layton says Raw committed to making the film before it had secured funding, bringing Bourdin over from France to London, where the director spent two days interviewing the imposter in a studio. "We found out that his story was a story about self-deception," Layton says. "We were just so gobsmacked that we felt it was worth committing to."
After sinking the initial coin into the project themselves, the Raw execs managed to secure the rest of the near $1.4 million budget from A&E Indie Films through its veep, Molly Thompson, and Channel 4's feature film arm Film4. They also brought on two heavy-hitting producers, Passion Pictures' John Battsek and Red Box Films' Simon Chinn ("Man on Wire"), to exec produce the pic.
"We weren't trying to do upscale TV here," Layton says. "We were very clear that this was going to be cinema, and when we were looking for financing, we pitched it as a thriller that could potentially play to a non-documentary audience."
The feature film format, says the duo, was the best way to convey the story.
"TV is quite proscriptive in the way in which you structure something," Layton says. "You're in a space where you're competing with dozens of other channels, and if you haven't gotten someone in the first 10 minutes, you've lost them. With movies, you can invite an enjoyable confusion."
Indeed, it's this confusion of reality, in which "Imposter" offers up a raft of conflicting versions of events, that has hooked festival auds from Sundance to SXSW, Edinburgh to Sydney.
Raw, which also has a small office in Gotham, now has a development deal for feature films with Film4 and is working on two projects with the banner. While Raw is reluctant to reveal any specifics of the projects just yet, Layton says one is fiction and the other is a true-story/drama hybrid.
"We are always working toward different kinds of filmmaking," Doganis says. "Feature films and drama, those are next in our game plan. We've grown steadily every year since we've formed, (but) not so fast that we lose creative control."


text: The National Association of Ticket Brokers It is the mission of the National Association of Ticket Brokers to: (i) promote the highest standards of conduct among ticket brokers involved in the resale of event admission tickets (ii) ensure that consumers and professional ticket brokers have the right and freedom to buy and sell tickets in a secondary marketplace governed by free market principles, not restrictive and counter-productive laws, rules and regulations (iii) facilitate consumer protection in the secondary ticket market (iv) assure that consumer interactions with NATB Members are conducted with integrity, reliability and convenience (v) educate the public concerning the secondary ticket market and ticket-brokering services The National Association of Ticket Brokers (NATB) was formed in 1994 by a group of concerned ticket brokers who desired to establish an industry-wide standard of conduct and to create ethical rules and procedures to protect the public and foster a positive perception of the industry. While the goals of the NATB are many, our primary goal is to represent the interests of legitimate ticket brokers by promoting consumer protection and educating the public about our industry. This is done by assuring the public that when dealing with an NATB member, they are working with an honest, reliable broker that will deliver what is promised. In addition, the NATB has created a platform that allows the public to report unethical conduct by ticket brokers.


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I use to play FFXI way back when level 75 was the level cap, so I'm treating this experience as a whole new game. After many hours of reading about jobs and roles, I've come to the conclusion that DNC & NIN are the jobs I want to play. My question is very basic I suppose;
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CNN has multiple crews in Gaza, Israel and neighboring countries to bring you the latest accurate information on the conflict, the impact on people and talks to stop the violence. Turn to CNN TV and CNN.com for what you need to know now.
Ashkelon, Israel (CNN) -- It's become a daily routine for Israelis living near Gaza: a casual conversation interrupted by an air-raid siren, then a furious rush to find cover, and finally -- if all goes well -- a flash in the sky indicating an incoming rocket has been intercepted.
While Israelis are protected by the relatively new Iron Dome missile interceptor system, it hasn't abated the fear that one of the dozens of rockets fired from Hamas-controlled Gaza into Israel in recent days will strike nearby.
Schools and businesses in southern Israel near the Palestinian territory of Gaza are closed, as Hamas militants and the Israeli military mull their next move.
Just a few miles from Gaza in the southern Israeli city of Ashkelon -- which has been repeatedly targeted by militants in recent days -- Effie and Andi Moradian decided to move their family into their parents' apartment building to protect their three kids from incoming rocket strikes.
"It (has) a safe room, it's got thicker walls and it's more or less blast resistant," explained Effie Moradian.
His two daughters pass the time on their grandparents' sofa, reading books and drawing flowers and colorful butterflies. The monotony is constantly interrupted by the sound of explosions outside. Effie Moradian says it's unclear if the rocket landed or if it was intercepted.
Victims in Gaza too young to understand
Either way, the fear is the same.
"It's really frightening especially when we're in school and hear a 'boom' and there's bombing," said 11-year-old Shiraz Moradian.
Wedged between a crowded bookcase and the metal door to the apartment's small safe room is pile of cushions and blankets heaped on the floor. That's where all three children will sleep for the foreseeable future.
The Moradians, like many other Israeli families, are taking no chances that their family will be protected by the Iron Dome -- which has shot down approximately half of the nearly 600 rockets that have struck Israel since the conflict began Wednesday.
"We can't go on like this," said Ashkelon Mayor Benny Vaknin, who drives the streets of his city checking on residents. "We have 131,000 people here and 26,000 children. They are constantly under threat."
Rafel Moshe, who was playing backgammon at a pizza place downtown, echoed the mayor's thoughts.
"They don't want peace," said Moshe, speaking of the people in Gaza. "How would you feel if your children were constantly scared?"
The city's residents have experience dealing with how to quickly move to air raid shelters and some, like Moshe, have a "Red Alert" app for their smart phones that tracks rocket attacks.
Israel and Hamas: How the conflict reignited
"We don't want war but there are people all the time shooting at Israel and we are quiet -- we stay quiet -- and the world doesn't see the truth," Moshe said.
And it's not just in southern Israel where nerves are frayed. In Jersualem -- some 50 miles away from Gaza -- sirens went off on a calm Friday evening, startling James Cheatham who sent video to iReport. Cheatham said people ran for safety -- most apartments in Jerusalem are equipped with bomb shelters -- and later, the distant sound of a rocket exploding could be heard.
"You feel very vulnerable and you're really not sure where to go, because you don't know where they will land," he told CNN. "I'm a Christian, so we do a lot of praying."
In Israel's second most populous city, Tel Aviv, life was relatively normal last week as explosions could be heard from the current conflict.
"Tel Aviv is quite in a routine mode. There's no panic, but the streets are half empty," explained Shachar Laudon, who submitted photos to iReport. "Many are in their homes. There is tension over the city and many are confused.
"Many still don't know what to do in case of an attack."
Frederik Pleitgen reported from Ashkelon and Tricia Escobedo from Atlanta.


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GATINEAU, QC, April 27 /CNW Telbec/ - Officials from the Passport Canada Mobile Passport Unit will be in Edmundston on May 5 and in Perth-Andover on May 6 to review and accept completed passport applications. Date: May 5, 2009 Date: May 6, 2009 Location: Château Edmundston Location: River Valley Civic Centre 100 Rice Street 11 School Street Edmundston, NB Perth-Andover, NB Time: Noon to 8 p.m. Time: Noon to 8 p.m. The only acceptable methods of fee payment at these clinics will be: certified cheque, money order (postal or bank) made payable to the "Receiver General for Canada", VISA, MasterCard and American Express. Payment by cash or debit will NOT be accepted. Passport application forms can be downloaded from the Passport Canada website and completed by typing in the information. The form can also be obtained at any Passport Canada office, Service Canada Centre or Canada Post office. For more information, please visit the Passport Canada website at www.passportcanada.gc.ca or call 1-800-567-6868. Passport Canada reminds Canadian citizens to prepare now for any travel plans to the United States by applying for a passport to enter the United States under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI). The WHTI is a US law that requires all travellers, including Canadian and American citizens, to present a valid passport when entering the United States from within the western hemisphere.
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Take I-45 South. Exit League City (exit 23). Make a left (going under I-45) onto FM 518 (which locals call Main Street). Remain traveling straight onto FM 2094. FM 518 will veer off to the right (in approximately 2 miles after you enter onto FM 518) and you will want to remain traveling straight onto FM 2094 (also known as Marina Bay Drive). In approximately 2 more miles, you will come to a main intersection with a traffic light. Please turn left here onto South Shore Boulevard. South Shore Harbour Resort and Conference Center will be on your right at the end of boulevard. Address: 2500 South Shore Blvd., League City, TX 77573 800-442-5005


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Offshore Exploration in the Arctic: Can Shell's Oil-Spill Response Plans Keep Up?
[do action="authors"]Charles W. Schmidt[/do][do action="affiliations"]Charles W. Schmidt, MS, an award-winning science writer from Portland, ME, has written for Discover Magazine, Science, and Nature Medicine.[/do][do action="citation-string"]Environ Health Perspect 120:A194–A199 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.120-a194 [online 01 May 2012] [/do]
This article originally appeared in print under the title "Offshore Exploration to Commence in the Arctic: Can Shell's Oil-Spill Response Plans Keep Up?" [Environ Health Perspect 120:A194–A199 (2012)]. The title has been edited online to reflect that, as of this writing, Shell has not received final approval to begin exploratory drilling in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas.
EHP regrets the error.
This article contained a typographical error on page A197. The figure "4.9 billion" should have read "4.9 million."
EHP regrets the error.
All around the world, oil and gas companies are being forced by resource declines to drill in less accessible areas, and the Arctic is their newest frontier. The geology above the Arctic Circle—that is, everything above latitude 66.56°N—holds an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil and 1,669 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, or 22% of the world's undiscovered1 conventional resources, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.2 It's thought that these resources lie predominantly under Arctic seas, which have recently become easier to reach due to significant reductions in seasonal ice cover associated with global climate change.3 Norway, Russia, Canada, Denmark, and other northern countries are in various stages of developing offshore Arctic programs, and diplomatic squabbles have broken out over territorial rights extending all the way to the North Pole.
Between 1980 and 2000 Alaska accounted for an average one-fifth of U.S. oil production.4 But with oil flowing through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline falling by more than two-thirds since a peak in 1988,4 the recent pressure to drill in the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) off the state's north coast has been relentless. Alaska derives at least 90% of its revenues from oil,5 so law makers in that state—supported by much of the state's population—have pushed hard for offshore authorization. The federal government has also indicated its support, in 2011 expressing a commitment to facilitate development in the OCS region and to expedite offshore permitting in Alaska, assuming that "safety, health, and environmental standards are fully met."6
Now the United States has taken a big step toward opening the seas off Alaska to a new round of oil and gas exploration. In a major breakthrough for the petroleum industry and loss for drilling opponents, the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) in February 2012 approved Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc.'s oil-spill response plan for the Chukchi Sea, which provides habitat for polar bears, walruses, and other wildlife, and a hunting ground for Alaska Natives who still go whaling in seal-skin boats.7 Six weeks later the company's spill-response plan for the adjoining Beaufort Sea also was approved.8
Shell Alaska spokesman Curtis Smith says DOI approval of the plans puts the company on track to launch exploration in the region this summer (final permits to drill must still be obtained). But many critics contend it's not possible to drill safely in the region, given the isolation and harsh weather, and they question how well the plans will protect Arctic health in the event of a spill.
Native Health Concerns
Access to the Alaska OCS has been blocked in recent years mainly by lawyers representing Alaska Natives, who argue that apart from its ecological consequences, offshore drilling could hurt the traditional livelihoods, health, and well-being of these local residents. The Inupiat people have hunted bowhead whales and other marine species in Arctic waters for well over 2,000 years, and half their caloric intake comes from subsistence sources of meat.9 Health studies of the native population have associated the oil industry's expansion in the North Slope to disruption of the traditional subsistence lifestyle, contributing to rising rates of type 2 diabetes, metabolic problems from changing diets, substance abuse, suicide, and asthma.9
Meanwhile, during fall migration bowhead whales have been documented to travel up to 18 miles to avoid sounds they don't like,10 potentially putting them beyond safe reach of a hunt that is crucial to the Inupiat's cultural identity. "For every additional mile a whaler has to travel, there's more potential for injury or a potentially catastrophic event," says Thomas Lohman, an environmental resource specialist in the North Slope Borough11 Department of Wildlife Management.
The 2011 exploration season was blocked in part by Alaska Native health concerns having to do with Shell's air permits sought from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).12 In that case, lawyers argued successfully that ships in the offshore drilling fleet—particularly icebreakers—would emit excessive amounts of nitrogen oxides, respiratory irritants linked with heart disease. (That issue has been resolved by Shell and the EPA, and final air permits for the Kulluk and Noble Discoverer rigs were issued in October 2011 and February 2012, respectively.13,14) According to Smith, Shell will deploy best-available pollution-control technology on its drill rigs, and all its aircraft in the region will use ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuel, which substantially cuts emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.15
Lohman concedes that Shell has worked hard and spent a lot of money to address local concerns. "There's more of a partnership and dialogue now with the company than there used to be," he says. "But what comes up again and again when you talk to local communities is the oil-spill scenario. People worry what will happen to their food supply if things really get out of control."
Exploring the OCS
Scientists believe the geology underlying the Chukchi and Beaufort seas contains a short-term energy bonanza: 23.6 billion barrels of oil and 104.4 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, according to recent government estimates.16 (By comparison, the United States will consume an estimated 7.3 billion barrels of oil in 2012.17) Exploration involves drilling just a few wells to confirm that the predicted size and dimensions of the resource—estimated with seismic technology—are correct. Shell's current plans for the Chukchi Sea are to drill up to six wells over the next two years in what's known as the Burger Prospect, about 70 miles offshore in roughly 140 feet of water. The company also plans to drill four wells over two years in the Beaufort Sea at a shallower depth, pending further DOI review.
Unlike development and production (the year-round process of constructing the necessary facilities and extracting oil and gas for delivery to market), exploration will happen only in summer, when the seas are mostly ice-free.18 Shell's oil-spill response plans were developed specifically for conditions expected from July 15 to the end of October, but the vessels and equipment are designed to work past this period if needed, with contingencies for prolonged cleanup through late fall, Smith says.
With more than $4 billion invested in offshore Arctic infrastructure, research, and leases,19 Shell has been seeking approval for OCS exploration every summer since 2006. But given that northern seas offer some of the most challenging drilling conditions on Earth20 in an area that's also home to an array of vulnerable and iconic species of wildlife, the company's plans have drawn heavy scrutiny from federal agencies and a wide range of passionate stakeholders. Drilling opponents and some oil-spill veterans assert that the extreme cold, storms, high waves, winds, darkness, and fog that occur routinely in the region could challenge spill cleanup, particularly in the event of a late-fall blowout, when ice begins to gather.21 What's more, OCS waters are exceedingly remote—roads, airports, port facilities, housing, and other infrastructure needed to support a large-scale spill response are few and far between.16
Smith responds that Shell's oil-spill response plans are the most far-reaching developed by the company yet for any of its global operations. As required by the DOI in the wake of the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon blowout in the Gulf of Mexico, the plans describes worst-case discharges of 25,000 barrels of oil per day in the Chukchi7 and 16,000 barrels per day in the Beaufort.8 These figures, which Smith says reflect the likely pressures and other characteristics of the respective reservoirs, are considered more realistic than the 5,500 barrels per day that was considered in earlier plans. Also in response the Deepwater Horizon disaster, the DOI requires that Shell have access to a "capping stack" to stanch subsea oil flows in the event that other shutoff systems fail (the BP blowout was eventually contained by such a device) in addition to capabilities to capture and collect oil from the capping stack, and ready access to a rig that could kill a blowout by drilling a relief well.
Differences from Deepwater Horizon
Multiple factors play in Shell's favor in the OCS, says Peter Velez, Shell's global emergency response manager. For instance, unlike BP's ill-fated Macondo Prospect, site of the Deepwater Horizon blowout, which occurred 5,000 feet underwater, Shell's proposed sites off Alaska are in less than 150 feet of water, making them more accessible to divers and remotely operated vehicles deployed during spill response, he says. Moreover, well pressures at the proposed sites aren't expected to exceed 3,000–4,000 psi, compared with the Macondo well's pressure of almost 15,000 psi, making a blowout less likely to occur, Velez says.
All the same, to avoid the risk of a late-season blowout, the DOI's Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)22 required that Shell cease drilling into known hydrocarbon zones in the Chukchi Sea by September 24, just over a month before ice is expected to begin covering the proposed sites.23 (Drilling in the Beaufort Sea, according to the BOEM, must also be suspended by August 25 to avoid interfering with whale hunts by the Nuiqsut and Kaktovik people but may resume after the hunters have reached their quota.24) Commenting on the Chukchi plan upon its approval, James A. Watson, director of the DOI Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, said, "After an exhaustive review, we have confidence that Shell's plan includes the necessary equipment and personnel prestaging, training, logistics, and communication to act quickly and mount an effective response should a spill occur."25
If Shell's summer exploration confirms that the oil resource is economically viable, then not just Shell but also other companies will begin planning in earnest for year-round development, suggesting that at some point in the future the OCS may be populated by numerous drill rigs operating simultaneously. Shell's plans describe spill responses under "varying ice conditions," but importantly, they don't address the near-total ice cover anticipated during midwinter development, which Smith says is at least a decade away.
How to address oil accumulating under completely frozen seas—a nightmare scenario, many scientists say—remains somewhat of an open question. "My concern is that year-round development will require adequate capacity to respond to spills in icy, dark conditions. And so far, I haven't seen a demonstration of that capacity anywhere," says Roger Rufe, a retired vice admiral in the U.S. Coast Guard, who served as district commander in Alaska from 1992 to 1995. Commenting on spill cleanup during midwinter, Smith responds, "We're looking at this now, but we haven't made any fixed decisions about what we're going to do. What I can say is that whatever plan we produce will be completely transparent, and it will undergo the same scrutiny as the response plan for summer exploration that we have now."
During the Deepwater Horizon disaster, thousands of response workers and hundreds of air- and seacraft were deployed from the Gulf's highly developed coastline. Moreover, the response was coordinated by a consortium of oil companies, each contributing resources and manpower to the cleanup effort. But in the Alaskan OCS, Shell has to rely on its own, much more limited resources, which in the Chukchi include the drill rig itself (the Noble Discoverer, making its way to the OCS from New Zealand at press time), an oil-spill response vessel (the Nanuq, which carries smaller workboats, booms, storage for recovered oil, and a dispersant system), a pair of large barges that carry oil skimmers and storage capacity for recovered oil, an Arctic storage tanker (the Affinity, with 513,000 barrels of storage space, to be positioned within 240 nautical miles of the Noble Discoverer), and an assortment of shoreline protection equipment, landing craft, and other work boats. A second drill rig engaged in Beaufort Sea exploration—the Kulluk—could begin drilling a relief well in the Chukchi within a week should attempts to kill a worst-case blowout fail, Velez says.
Blowout Prevention
Blowouts start with what's known as a kick, or a blast of pressurized oil and gas that suddenly bursts up the wellbore and into the drill pipe. A five-story blowout preventer (BOP) built over the wellhead should activate "blind shear rams" that cut the drill pipe, seal the well bore, and kill the well.7,8
But that doesn't always happen: in the Gulf of Mexico BP fatefully relied on a BOP with just one blind shear ram, which failed to engage, leaving nothing to stop a full-scale blowout on 20 April 2010. Eleven workers lost their lives when the rig exploded, and the rogue well released 4.9 million barrels (205.8 million gallons) of oil into the sea before it was killed nearly three months later.26 For backup in the Arctic, Shell's BOP will have not one but two blind shear rams, and if they fail, the 100-ton capping stack ideally will land on the dysfunctional BOP and either seal the well completely or divert the gushing oil to a container ship.7,8
As of this writing, Shell's Arctic capping stack is still under construction; the company plans to test it in the Pacific Ocean off Seattle, much to the dismay of environmental activists who say it should be tested in the Arctic OCS. "Testing in Washington could answer a few logistical questions about how it would be deployed," says Layla Hughes, an attorney and senior program officer with the World Wildlife Fund's Arctic team in Juneau. "But it doesn't give a sense of the real-world limitations of using the capping stack in the Arctic in bad weather."
Shell claims its oil-spill response will kick into gear within an hour of a blowout. The company divides its worst-case scenario into icy and non-icy conditions, which is important because ice cover dictates how and whether the company can deploy booms and skimmers for so-called mechanical oil-spill recovery.
Booms float on the surface and act as barriers to prevent oil from spreading. They can also be used to gather oil into thick U-shaped pools, so it can be burned on the surface ("in-situ burning") or pulled out of the water by skimmers for storage. Shell plans to use fire-resistant booms and two types of skimmers: weir skimmers, which suck oil and water off the surface like a vacuum cleaner (the oil is separated later), and brush skimmers, which spin in the water and trap oil on rotating fibers.
Booms don't work when sea-surface ice cover exceeds 30%, claims Stein Erik Sørstrøm, research manager with SINTEF (Stiftelsen for Industriell og Teknisk Forskning, or Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research), an independent research organization based in Trondheim, Norway. But he also points out that, at a high enough percentage of cover, ice can itself act as a sort of boom. (Sørstrøm directed SINTEF's Joint Industry Project Oil in Ice program, a collaboration of six multinational oil companies, including Shell, that investigated oil-spill response scenarios in the laboratory and then in Arctic seas halfway between Norway and the North Pole.)27
According to SINTEF's research findings, booms and skimmers work best in calm, ice-free conditions. But at wind speeds over 22 knots, oil starts sloshing over the booms, while ice buildup clogs skimmers and reduces their efficiency.7 Shell's Chukchi plan asserts that from July to September, wind speeds average 10–13 knots in a prevailing northeast direction that carries oil away from shore.7
In-Situ Burning
When heavy weather gets in the way of mechanical recovery, Shell's plans shift chiefly to nonmechanical methods: namely, in-situ burning and the use of chemical dispersants. Both of these methods are contingent on approval from the Coast Guard, which by federal law is in charge of the response (although it does not actually perform the cleanup).
Under optimal conditions, in-situ burning can remove 85–95% of the oil, but that depends on a number of factors.28 In particular, the oil needs to be fresh, meaning that its combustible volatile fractions haven't yet been lost to evaporation. Oil weathers over time, leaving less combustible fractions behind. It also mixes with water, making it less able to ignite—oily emulsifications won't burn if they contain more than 25% water.29 High winds can also make it difficult for crews to ignite floating oil. A 2011 report by the Ottawa, Ontario–based firm S.L. Ross Environmental Research, Ltd., which consults to both industry and the Canadian government, claims that in-situ burning isn't possible in open water with waves higher than 1.5 meters or at wind speeds of more than 20 knots,29 conditions that occur routinely in the OCS.
On the other hand, cold Arctic temperatures limit evaporation, and this slows weathering, according to Sørstrøm. And although it's not expected during summer, ice coverage of up to 80% also favors in-situ burning, because it dampens waves and concentrates oil into dense floating pockets. At higher coverage, ice blocks access to the oil, but Shell has contingencies for that: its plans call for "ice management," or using ships to hold the ice at bay or break it into smaller pieces. When ice coverage becomes so extensive that cleanup isn't no longer possible, the plans call for halting the response until spring.
"We've done experiments showing that oil encapsulated in ice will remain [unweathered] through the winter," says Steve Potter, vice president and director of S.L. Ross. "So when the ice melts, the oil will appear on the surface, and you can deal with it then."
Shell's plans claim that oil encapsulated in ice won't come in contact with wildlife. But Richard Steiner, a conservation biologist with Anchorage consulting service Oasis Earth, counters that there's a lot of microbial life in the interface where floating ice meets the sea, and that this layer also is the site of a great deal of "primary production," or the conversion of aquatic carbon dioxide into life-sustaining organic molecules. Moreover, the floating sheet of ice that makes up the sea surface will travel, he says, and spread the oil when it melts.
Chemical Dispersants
Chemical dispersants make up the third leg of Shell's spill response plans. Shell intends to rely mainly on a product used during the Deepwater Horizon response: Corexit® 9500. This combination of petroleum distillates, surfactants, and stabilizers allows oil to mix more easily into water, where it can be degraded by marine bacteria. During the Deepwater Horizon blowout, BP applied Corexit directly at the gushing wellhead on the seafloor; Shell intends to apply it mostly from the air, specifically from a Lockheed C-130 Hercules military plane or from a vessel.7,8 But chemical dispersants aren't preapproved for use in Alaska and would be considered only when other response measures aren't working, according to the Alaska Regional Response Team, which is charged with developing contingency plans to coordinate multiagency disaster responses.30
Meanwhile, Ken Trudel, a senior environmental scientist with S.L. Ross, says investigators don't have much information about how dispersants might work under real-world Arctic conditions. SINTEF conducted the first significant field tests, showing that Corexit applied from floating vessels onto both fresh and week-old oil achieved dispersing efficiencies of greater than 90% (aerial spraying wasn't evaluated).31 But targeting oil between ice floes was challenging, that study found. "When you've got oil on open water, all you have to do is spray it," Trudel says. "But when the oil's between ice floes, you have to find it, spray the dispersant right on to the oil, and then it's harder to find out if it's working because you can't see it as well."
According to Trudel, dispersants work best on fresh oil in choppy seas that mix the chemicals into the water. Shell plans to create turbulence with its vessels' propellers if the seas are icy or flat, and to use dispersants only until several days after the blowout is contained.
Both dispersant use and in-situ burning have ecological consequences. Some studies suggest that chemically dispersed oil can be more toxic to marine life than undispersed oil,32 although this remains an open area of research. And according to a November 2010 report commissioned by the Pew Environment Group's U.S. Arctic program, charred residues left over from in-situ burning aren't as toxic as the original oil, but they're hardly benign.32 Shell's plans call for manually removing as much of this residue as possible7,8 a laborious process involving strainers, nets, sorbents, and skimmers—but whatever sinks to the bottom can contaminate benthic ecosystems.32
Although Shell's plans describe detailed contingencies for cleanup in ice, Smith emphasizes that summer exploration will occur in open water and nearly perpetual daylight. During this time, the main limiting factors will be wind, waves, and fog (which reduces visibility for aerial dispersant application), each of which becomes increasingly problematic as the season progresses.30
Weather conditions in the Beaufort Sea could make it impossible to mount any oil-spill response whatsoever 22% of the time in July, 41% of the time in August, and 56% of the time in September.29 That increase over time results mainly from daylight losses that become more pronounced as fall draws near—daylight starts to lessen in September, and darkness rules the region from November through mid-February.7 Potter says aerial dispersant application isn't advisable in darkness. "You could spray at night, but you would probably waste a lot of dispersant," he explains. "Without visual sighting from small planes and communication with the application aircraft, it's hard to target the slick." (He adds that this logistical problem "seems solvable, technically, and is an area of ongoing research.")
Ready for Prime Time?
The question remains, however, whether these or any other oil-spill response plans will fulfill their purpose when the time comes. A report issued by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) as this article went to press notes that, although the oil industry has improved its capability to respond to subsea blowouts in the Gulf of Mexico, these improvements may not be enough to overcome all the environmental and logistical challenges associated with drilling in the Arctic. Moreover, the report indicates that although the DOI has instituted more rigorous requirements for companies' oil-spill response plans since the Deepwater Horizon disaster, the department has not documented a consistent procedure for evaluating these plans and ensuring that companies can actually carry them out.33
The GAO report echoed a 2011 report commissioned by DOI Secretary Kenneth Salazar to assess the state of the science on offshore Arctic drilling, which revealed significant unknowns about how oil and gas activities might affect local ecology. That report also raised major questions about whether oil companies could respond adequately to a major spill in the region.34
As Shell finally moves toward summer exploration, its work in the OCS is expected to attract tremendous public attention. In February 2012 the Noble Discoverer drill rig was boarded by protesters in New Zealand, notably by actress Lucy Lawless (who, ironically, appeared as a gas station attendant in a Shell commercial 20 years ago35). And in March, Greenpeace activists in Finland raided two Shell icebreakers bound for the Chukchi Sea. Smith expects that protesters will try to raid Shell's ships in the OCS this summer.
But it's highly improbable that Shell will spill any oil, at least in significant amounts, this year. Drilling just a few wells under mainly sunny skies and in more or less ice-free seas doesn't constitute the real threat to the Alaskan OCS. Exploration merely sets the stage for the much greater threat that comes later, at the point of development. Shell's plan may have satisfied the DOI's requirements for a limited venture this summer. But questions about how the oil industry will protect this fragile ecosystem and the people who live there if development begins full-tilt remain unanswered.
1. "Undiscovered" resources are believed to exist, based on knowledge of an area's geology, but have not actually been tapped.
2. Budzick P. Washington, DC:Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, U.S. Energy Information Administration (19 Oct 2009). Arctic Oil and Natural Gas Potential. Available: http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/analysispaper/arctic/index.html [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
3. NSIDC. Boulder, CO:National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado (updated 29 Nov 2011). State of the Cryosphere: Is the Cryosphere Sending Signals about Climate Change? [website]. Available: http://nsidc.org/cryosphere/sotc/sea_ice.html [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
4. Resource Development Council. Alaska's Oil & Gas Industry [website]. Anchorage, AK:Resource Development Council for Alaska, Inc. (2012). Available: http://www.akrdc.org/issues/oilgas/overview.html [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
5. Alaska Department of Revenue. Tax Division: Tax Types [website]. Juneau:State of Alaska (2012). Available: http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/sourcebook/index.aspx [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
6. Office of the President of the United States. Blueprint for a Secure Energy Future. Washington, DC:Office of the President of the United States (30 Mar 2011). Available: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/blueprint_secure_energy_future.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
7. Shell. Chukchi Sea Regional Exploration Oil Discharge Prevention and Contingency Plan. Anchorage, AK:Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc. (revised May 2011). Available: http://www.alaska.boemre.gov/fo/ODPCPs/2010_Chukchi_rev1.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
8. Shell. Beaufort Sea Regional Exploration Program Oil Spill Response Plan. Anchorage, AK:Shell, Inc. (May 2011). Available: http://www.bsee.gov/OSRP/Beaufort-Sea-OSRP.aspx [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
9. Wernham A. Inupiat health and proposed Alaskan oil development: results of the first Integrated Health Impact Assessment/ Environmental Impact Statement for proposed oil development on Alaska's North Slope. EcoHealth 4(4):500–513 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-007-0132-2.
10. NOAA. Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the Central Gulf of Alaska, June, 2011. Fed Reg 76(138):18174. (2011). Available: https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2011/04/01/2011-7487/takes-of-marine-mammals-incidental-to-specified-activities-marine-geophysical-survey-in-the-central#p-63 [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
11. Alaska's boroughs function roughly similarly to other states' counties.
12. Schmidt CW. Arctic oil drilling plans raise environmental health concerns. Environ Health Perspect 119(3):A116–A117 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.119-a116.
13. EPA. Shell Kulluk Air Permit–Beaufort Sea [website]. Seattle, WA:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 (updated 2 Apr 2012). Available: http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/airpage.nsf/Permits/kullukap/ [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
14. EPA. Shell Discoverer Air Permit–Chukchi Sea [website]. Seattle, WA:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 (updated 2 Apr 2012). Available: http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/airpage.nsf/Permits/chukchiap/ [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
15. DOE. Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center. Alternative & Advanced Vehicles:Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel [website]. Washington, DC:Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S. Department of Energy (updated 8 Jul 2011). Available: http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/vehicles/diesel_low_sulfur.html [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
16. MMS. Planning Area Resources Addendum to Assessment of Undiscovered Technically Recoverable Oil and Gas Resources of the Nation's Outer Continental Shelf, 2006. MMS Fact Sheet RED-2006-02. Washington, DC:Minerals Management Service, U.S. Department of the Interior (Jul 2006). Available: http://www.boemre.gov/revaldiv/PDFs/NA2006BrochurePlanningAreaInsert.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
17. EIA. International Energy Outlook. 2011. DOE/EIA-0484(2011). Washington, DC:U.S. Energy Information Administration (Sep 2011). Available: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/pdf/0484(2011).pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
18. Schmidt CW. Cold hard cache: the Arctic drilling controversy. Environ Health Perspect 118(9):A394–A397 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.118-a394.
19. Infrastructure includes Arctic-capable drillships, a fleet of support vessels, other equipment, scientific research, personnel, and planning and other services in anticipation of Shell's exploration programs.
20. Conditions offshore of Alaska during the summer drilling season are relatively mild compared with those of other northern seas. However, the Arctic is quite harsh during the winter.
21. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Arctic sea ice coverage fluctuates throughout the year, typically peaking around March before melting to its lowest levels by September. The center manages and distributes cryospheric data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
22. BOEM is one half of the agency formerly known as the Minerals Management Service. In June 2010 the Minerals Management Service was reorganized and renamed the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement. Sixteen months later, the agency was once again reorganized and split into BOEM and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement.
23. Re: Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. (Shell) Revised 2012 Outer Continental Shelf Lease Exploration Plan, Chukchi Sea, Alaska (EP) for OCS Leases Y-2280, Y-2267, Y-2321, Y-2294, Y-2278, and Y-2324. Letter from David W. Johnston to Susan Childs. Anchorage, AK:Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (16 Dec 2011). Available: http://www.boem.gov/uploadedFiles/2011_12_16_10_58_33_BOEM%20Letter%20of%20Conditional%20Approval%20to%20Shell%20for%20Chukchi%20Sea%20Exploration%20Plan%281%29.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
24. Re: Shell's Revised OCS Lease Exploration Plan, Camden Bay, Beaufort Sea, Alaska (EP) Dated May 2011 and Supporting Information. Letter from Jeff Walker to Susan Childs. Anchorage, AK:Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (4 Aug 2011). Available: http://alaska.boemre.gov/ref/ProjectHistory/2012Shell_BF/2011_0804_soi.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
25. DOI. Obama Administration Announces Major Steps toward Science-Based Energy Exploration in the Arctic [press release]. Washington, DC:U.S. Department of the Interior (17 Feb 2012). Available: http://www.doi.gov/news/pressreleases/Obama-Administration-Announces-Major-Steps-toward-Science-Based-Energy-Exploration-in-the-Arctic.cfm [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
26. Atlas RM, Hazen TC. Oil biodegradation and bioremediation: a tale of the two worst spills in U.S. history. Environ Sci Technol 45(16):6709–6715 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es2013227.
27. JIP Oil in Ice. Oil Spill Response for Arctic and Ice-Covered Waters. Trondheim, Norway:Joint Industry Program Oil in Ice (2009). Available: http://www.dfdickins.com/pdf/jip-oil-in-ice_print-a41.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
28. Buist I, et al. In situ burning. Pure Appl Chem 71(1):43–65 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199971010043.
29. S.L. Ross Environmental Research, Ltd. Spill Response Gap Study for the Canadian Beaufort Sea and the Canadian Davis Strait. Ottawa, Ontario:S.L. Ross Environmental Research, Ltd (12 Jul 2011). Available: http://www.aleutiansriskassessment.com/documents/A2A6V0_-_SL_Ross_Environmetal_Research_Limited_-_Spill_Response_Gap_Study_for_the_Canadian_Beaufort_Sea_and_the_Canadian_Davis_Strait.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
30. DEC. Prevention & Emergency Response. Juneau:Division of Spill Prevention and Response, Department of Environmental Conservation, State of Alaska (2012). Available: http://dec.alaska.gov/spar/perp/plans/uc.htm [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
31. Daling PS, et al. Development and Testing of a Containerized Dispersant Spray System for Use in Cold and Ice-Covered Areas. Oil-in-Ice JIP Report No. 13/ARCTECH P4. Trondheim, Norway:SINTEF Materials and Chemistry (29 May 2010). Available: http://www.sintef.no/project/JIP_Oil_In_Ice/Dokumenter/publications/JIP-rep-no-13-Development-of-spray-arm-final.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
32. The Pew Environment Group. Oil Spill Prevention and Response in the U.S. Arctic Ocean: Unexamined Risks, Unacceptable Consequences. Philadelphia, PA and Washington, DC:U.S. Arctic Program, The Pew Environment Group (Nov 2010). Available: http://www.pewtrusts.org/our_work_report_detail.aspx?id=61733 [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
33. U.S. GAO. Interior Has Strengthened Its Oversight of Subsea Well Containment, but Should Improve Its Documentation. GAO-12-244. Washington, DC:U.S. Government Accountability Office (2012). Available: http://democrats.energycommerce.house.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Report_OilGas_GAO_03.29.12.pdf [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
34. Holland-Bartels L, Pierce B, eds. An Evaluation of the Science Needs to Inform Decisions on Outer Continental Shelf Energy Development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1370. Anchorage, AK:U.S. Geological Survey (23 Jun 2011). Available: http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1370/ [accessed 12 Apr 2012].
35. Shell (video). Posted by kiwikid74, 22 Feb 2009. Available: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWoojruPpCE [accessed 2 Apr 2012].
36. BOEMRE. Chukchi Sea—Outer Continental Shelf Lease Ownership. Anchorage, AK:Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement, U.S. Department of the Interior (31 Aug 2011). Available: http://www.alaska.boemre.gov/Maps/2011_ck.pdf [accessed 12 Apr 2012].
Attached Files
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Today AT&T announced the "most powerful smartphone ever", the Motorola Atrix 4G. This is the heavily-hyped Olympus (Terminator), which means it features the NVIDIA Tegra 2 processor.
The Atrix 4G boasts some impressive specs including a dual-core Tegra 2 processor, 4 inch qHD display, 1 GB RAM, 16 GB internal storage, dual-cameras, fingerprint scanner, 1930 mAh battery, and support for AT&T's HSPA+ network. The device will ship with Android 2.2 and it is upgradeable to Android 2.3.
Motorola also showed off several accessories including a laptop dock and HD dock. The laptop dock features a 11.6 inch display and measures in at only 13.9 mm thick. Motorola's HD dock allows the Atrix 4G to display HD video to your television.
We are still waiting on the official press release and promo video, so check back later for more details. Motorola's CES event is coming up in just a few hours so hopefully we will get some quality hands-on time with the device.
AT&T said to expect the Atrix 4G during the first quarter of 2011, but they did not provide a specific release date yet.


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Oct 18, 2008 at 12:03 am
you should put a video clip on here so we can here that thing. I bet borla sounds pretty good. do you have an aftermarket bov?
Oct 13, 2008 at 12:30 am
It is nice to be one of a few. I lived in Gatlinburg before I joined the military. Looking forward to thanksgiving so i can drive my car on the Dragons Tail for the first time!
Oct 12, 2008 at 6:38 pm


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She was just a few months old, so she had only her cries and her body language to communicate her fear. It could easily have been dismissed with any number of excuses — maybe a precocious stage of separation anxiety. But her daddy knew it was something else.
"You could tell she didn't want to be with her [caregiver]," he says now. "She clung to me. You could see the terror in her eyes. She was clawing and scraping, and I thought, that's weird."
But it didn't make sense. The person who cared for his daughter while James Motz and his wife were at work was a family member. "She was good with her own kids," James remembers, shaking his head as he still struggles to understand it all. "Her daughter, who is a little older than my daughter, was perfect — well-behaved, well-mannered, polite."
But there was that one thing: The child had a hurt arm every once in awhile. James and his wife didn't dwell on it. Kids grow up with bumps and bruises. It doesn't always mean something sinister is going on.
Still, he couldn't let go of a gnawing sense that something wasn't right. "I told my wife I needed to put in cameras [at the caregiver's home]," he says. He had every right to do that. James, then a wildly successful 24-year-old business owner, had bought the house in which the caregiver and her family were living. It was just a few blocks away from his own west Valley home.
The decision was supposed to be a win-win, a way to provide safe and loving care for his daughter while James and his wife went back to work. He was trying to be a good guy, finding his own solution by helping some relatives who were down on their luck. He'd given them a place to live, given them both jobs.
But cameras? Basically spying on someone you have every reason to trust? James and his wife argued about it. How do you weigh vague suspicions about your daughter's safety against the privacy rights of a family member you've entrusted with her care?
Before the decision could be made, before the plan could be implemented, Lily was in the hospital, a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. Her parents were faced with the prospect of raising a child who could have permanent brain damage.
April is National Child Abuse Prevention Month. Child advocates around the state are commemorating it by launching a new awareness campaign to help parents choose safe caregivers.
"Who Do You Trust With Your Child?" is a joint effort involving the Arizona Department of Economic Security, the Arizona Coordinated Prevention Campaign, Childhelp, Southwest Human Development, Phoenix Children's Hospital and Prevent Child Abuse, among others.
A dedicated website at childhelp.org/mychild directs parents to resources. A hotline at 1-800-4-A-CHILD (1-800-422-4453) is operated by trained staff who can answer questions about safe caregivers.
If you could talk with James Motz, if you could see how this experience haunts him still, you would realize how important it is to trust that primal, instinctual sense of danger we all have deep inside us. You wouldn't hesitate to consult these resources if you had even the slightest sense that something was wrong in a childcare environment.
"I'd never had kids," says James, who is now a stay-at-home dad to Lily and her younger brother. "I didn't know if I was just crazy and overprotective."
His advice to other parents? "Trust your instincts, 100 percent. If something is off, it's off."


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Wendess Designs is the art, jewelry and mixed media work of Wendy Smith. Please stay awhile and take a look at her portfolio.
Wendy Smith's art is part of many private and corporate collections. She has been painting for almost 20 years. She has a studio in her home in Rochester, MN. She has a love of the outdoors and loves to fish. Her home is shared with her husband Chuck and her two four legged children- her cats.
"I use painting as a means to get away. Many who view my artwork say they want to go to that place. One of my goals is to draw the viewer into the piece so they can get lost in it. I begin each piece with an image in my mind. Sometimes the place is a place I have been that inspired me and other times completely from my imagination. I "build" this place in my mind, deciding colors, atmosphere and the placement of the objects. I usually do sketches of the image before painting. My challenge is to transfer this mental picture onto canvas. Other times I just sit down and begin painting, having absolutely no idea what the end result will be. I truely enjoy getting caught up in the painting process. It often is a release for me.
Wendess Designs
Rochester, MN 55906
Phone: +1 507 9909225
Email: email@example.com
Like us on Facebook to learn about our latest art shows,exhibitions and special offers!


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Job Vacancy Announcement - Click Here!
The Dallas County Juvenile Department strives to put "youth first" in each decision that it makes. We believe that:
Through a juvenile court process known as adjudication, youth are referred and recommended for a variety of programs that fit the needs and best interests of the youth and community. The Dallas County Juvenile Department makes every effort to provide the best services, education, programs and opportunities to youth referred to our department.


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When it finally came time for the Baltimore Ravens to make their pick in the NFL draft, the Super Bowl champions didn't hesitate.
OWINGS MILLS, Md. — When it finally came time for the Baltimore Ravens to make their pick in the NFL draft, the Super Bowl champions didn't hesitate.
With the 32nd and final selection in the first round Thursday night, the Ravens snagged Florida defensive back Matt Elam.
The 21-year-old Elam, who played strong safety for the Gators, is expected to help fill the void left by the release of veteran Bernard Pollard.
"Even though it was a position of need, whether you all believe it or not, he was the highest rated player on our board," general manager Ozzie Newsome said. "The thing we like about Matt is his speed. He's probably one of the better tacklers that we've seen play the position, and he enjoys practice and enjoys playing the game of football."
Coach John Harbaugh started the day thinking about how nice it would be if the Ravens got Elam, a 5-foot-10, 210-pound junior who played in 39 games at Florida, starting the final 26 at spring safety.
"I talked to my wife this afternoon," Harbaugh said. "She said, 'Who do you hope to get?' It was Matt Elam. I couldn't be more excited about it."
Elam finished second on the team last season with 76 tackles, along with two sacks and four interceptions. His brother, Abram, played last season with the Kansas City Chiefs after stints with the Browns, Jets and Cowboys.
"We can't wait to get him in here and get started," Harbaugh said, adding that Elam "definitely has a chance" to start on defense at the outset of the 2013 season.
Newsome said he was willing to entertain offers for a trade at No. 32, but no one called.
"The phone did not ring," he said. "We had gotten some calls before the draft started that someone might want to move up to our spot, but our phone did not ring while we were on the clock."
The Ravens entered the draft looking for a safety, middle linebacker, offensive tackle and wide receiver. Baltimore had the opportunity to take highly touted linebacker Manti Te'o out of Notre Dame, but Newsome saw more potential for success in Elam.
"Matt was the higher-rated player between the two of those guys," Newsome said.
Assistant general manager Eric DeCosta said of Elam: "He can do a lot of different things. He can cover well, he's tackles extremely well. This guy is a physical guy who can tackle. Quite honestly, just about every time he had a chance to get the guy down, he did."
Baltimore's scouting crew put together a tape of Elam to show Newsome, and that was enough to convince him that it would tough to pass on Elam if given the chance to pluck him off the board.
"The way he played on tape is the way you have to play in the AFC North," Newsome concluded.
Elam, in a conference call, said, "I think I'll bring a lot of competiveness and a lot of energy to the team."
Baltimore entered the draft with 12 picks, including four compensatory selections that cannot be traded. By Saturday night, the Ravens intend to fill out a roster that has been depleted by retirement, free agent departures and cuts over the past couple of months.
"I think we have a lot of potential to help this team, a lot of good players at a lot of different spots," DeCosta said.


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- See more at: http://www.vmware.com/virtualization/virtualization-basics/virtualization-use-cases#sthash.q5HMC1n0.dpuf
Download Size - 491 MB
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Real-World VMware Virtualization Use Cases
Example 1
Profile and Need: Small bank with 15 physical servers, looking to add five more to handle a new application.
VMware Virtualization Results: All objectives achieved for under $50,000. Equivalent non-virtualized solution would have cost more than $335,000.
|Reduce data center costs
|Server count reduced from 20 to three with corresponding savings
|Bring new applications online quickly
|Easy launch of VMs from preconfigured templates
|Centralize storage
|All VMs on iSCSI storage
|Provide complete application availability in the event of a server failure
|Built-in high availability and fault tolerance
|Deploy a disk-to-disk backup solution
|Implemented data recovery with NAS
|Disaster recovery (DR) for 100 percent application coverage
|Host-based VM replication
|Reduce data center costs
|Server count reduced from seven to two with corresponding savings
|Centralize storage
|All VMs on NAS storage
|Maintain complete application availability in the event of a server failure
|Built-in high availability
|Deploy a disk-to-disk backup solution
|Implemented data recovery with NAS
|Provide reliable disaster recovery (DR)
|Host-based VM replication
Example 2
Profile and Need: Small bank with seven MS physical servers, wants to reduce costs, and add high availability and disaster recovery.
VMware Virtualization Results: All objectives achieved for under $10,000. Equivalent non-virtualized solution would have cost more than $102,000.
Example 3
Profile and Need: Regional insurance wholesaler desires a reliable and affordable disaster recovery solution.
VMware Virtualization Results: Significant savings and newfound peace of mind.
|Reduce costs
|Eliminated $400,000 annual expense for outsourced disaster recovery service. Complete payback of virtualized infrastructure within 10 months
Physical server count reduced from 72 to eight, for combined annual savings of $350,000 in payroll and maintenance costs through avoidance of current and future server sprawl
|Exceptional day-to-day availability
|Workloads are migrated from any failed node to a working server without user interruption
|Dependable disaster recovery
|Entire infrastructure is virtualized and protected, with disaster failover to backup servers within hours
|Desktop disaster recovery
|Virtualized desktops can be accessed from anywhere, protecting the business against failure of any physical office site
|Quickly modernize infrastructure with one-time cost impact and only minimal as-need spend for further growth
|Virtualized 144 servers to deploy a private cloud in just 90 days
|Deliver high performance and massive capacity to service a fast-growing user base
|33 percent more employees and 100 percent more business transactions are supported than previously
|Contain costs
|Servers and desktops are maintained with half the staff previously required, for an annual $900,000 in savings
|Deploy a highly scalable and agile IT infrastructure
|Compute and storage capacity is easily added as needed, with no technology rework
|Efficiently support a remote work-force
|Virtualized desktops are device- and location-independent, enabling employees to work anywhere
Example 4
Profile and Need: Midsize travel insurance company is looking to replace aging and unreliable equipment with a scalable, high-performance IT infrastructure to support aggressive business growth.
VMware Virtualization Results: Transcended previous IT limitations to become an industry leader using cutting-edge technologies to change the way insurance services are delivered.
Example 5
Profile and Need: Small manufacturer of high-performance sports motorcycles needs to create a private cloud to flexibly deliver IT services to its global supply chain and distribution network.
VMware Virtualization Results: Achieved aggressive strategic goals for business, processes, and technology in a fast-track timeframe.
|Virtualize the entire infrastructure
|Rapidly achieved a server virtualization rate approaching 100 percent, significantly reducing capital costs
|Achieve unprecedented IT flexibility and agility
|Applications, solutions, services, and new architectures are deployed with unprecedented speed at modest cost
|Support highly complex international projects and rollouts on a limited budget
|All business requirements are satisfied with available human and financial resources
|Leverage the infrastructure benefits of a full-fledged private cloud
|IT services are supplied to commercial subsidiaries worldwide via private cloud
Download Size - 491 MB
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Unused, late model or used loader backhoes – no reserve prices.
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The Biggest Ski Marathon event in Eastern Germany – Tradition in the national park Erzgebirge Vogtland
The International Kammlauf in Klingenthal welcomes up to 1.500 cross-country skier in the music- and winter sports city Klingenthal. Tracks over 26 and 43 km in the free and classic technique are offered on the \\\"Kammweg\\\" with it\\\'s beautiful scenery through wide spurce-woods. By the altitude constantly over 800 meters above sea level, the region always have snow in winter. With a tradition over 40 years, the Kammlauf is an established event in the German and International Ski Marathon calendar.
This is the highlight of the winter in Kligenthal.
Klingenthal is a centre of the traditional nordic skiing centers of German\\\'s skiing history. Lots of top athletes in cross-country skiing, biathlon and ski jumping are from the Erzgebirge and the Thüringer Wald.
Take part and enjoy the beautiful landscape of the Vogtland and the Erzgebirge with its hospitality and the unique flair of the Kammlauf.