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Logic3 has announced the arrival of six new iDevice docking options, with speakers for both iPads and iPhones (or iPod touches) on offer.
First up we have the Logic3 i-Station26 (pictured above) that is a budget docking option, with a 2.1 speaker system, two 1.8-inch mid-range drivers and a 3-inch sub-woofer.
This bedroom friendly dock has FM radio on board and an alarm clock and the dock charges your iPhone or iPod. It also has aux-in, video-out and is yours for £69.99.
Another bedside table, or office dock is the i-Station Lite, which at £34.99 offers the charging facility of a desktop dock with a FM radio and stereo speaker packed in.
If you want to go a bit more upmarket for your iPod / iPhone dock then Logic3 is also offering up the i-Station Combo or the i-Station SoundBar.
Starting with the Combo, it throws in a CD player too and also has FM radio playback from its 2.0 speaker system.
It features a large LCD display for time and radio functions, front-loading CD player and can stand alone on a desk or table, or be wall mounted. It's £99.99.
The SoundBar is the same price as the Combo and has a 30 RMS speaker system that combines two 2-inch mid-range drivers and two 2.8-inch sub-woofers.
It also has two aux-inputs and can be connected to your television via composite or component. It's also wall mountable and there's a free app in the App Store for the FM radio, time, backlight, graphic equaliser and playlist controls.
Finally, Logic3 has also announced two iPad docks - the i-Station Base and the i-Station Podium.
The Base is a simple docking station with a small speaker on board, and offers charging as well as a free app for clock, calendar, alarm function, sleep function, weather information, EQ function control, nature sounds and world time. It's £59.99.
The funky looking Podium has a 2.0 speaker system to go with it's Star Trek style looks and offers portrait or landscape docking. It also works with the free app and is £10 more than the Base at £69.99.
The range is available now from most major retailers including HMV, Micro Anvika, Next, Amazon, Play.com and Logic3.com.


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subset: commoncrawl


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Newsletter Archives
March 7, 2012 – Dreams – whether they be of winning this month's NCAA Men's Basketball tournament or securing the Republican presidential nomination – cannot be achieved without first setting goals. Establishing goals is paramount to accomplishing any successful endeavor, including realizing the financial future you envision. According to Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Consumer Advocate Eleanor Blayney, CFP®, setting attainable personal financial goals and establishing a system of accountability are vital steps to financial security that require time and thoughtful consideration.
"In the context of financial planning, consumers often mistakenly set goals without setting out a vision for their financial future," says Blayney. "The key to setting goals – be they financial or other – that can make a meaningful impact on your life is taking a systematic approach that first defines where you want to be at a given future date and then empowers you to set 'smart' goals that can achieve that future."
Establishing "smart" financial goals is one of the 12 steps in CFP Board's year-long "12 for '12 Approach to Financial Confidence." Blayney recommends five key strategies consumers can use in setting successful financial goals.
Blayney offers one final piece of advice to keep consumers accountable for the financial goals they set: "Put your goals in writing. If you are working with a CFP® professional, this will certainly be part of his or her practice. It's been established by research studies time and time again that when you have written goals, as part of a written financial plan, your chances of financial success go up significantly."
12 FOR '12: AN APPROACH TO FINANCIAL CONFIDENCE: In January, CFP Board launched a new initiative called "12 for '12 Approach to Financial Confidence" where all the components and steps for successful personal financial management are presented, one each month throughout the year including: establishing realistic goals, tax planning, emergency and risk management, investing, retirement, debt management, and estate planning.
ABOUT CFP BOARD: The mission of Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. is to benefit the public by granting the CFP® certification and upholding it as the recognized standard of excellence for competent and ethical personal financial planning. The Board of Directors, in furthering CFP Board's mission, acts on behalf of the public, CFP® certificants and other stakeholders. CFP Board owns the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™, CFP® (with plaque design) and CFP® (with flame design) in the U.S., which it awards to individuals who successfully complete CFP Board's initial and ongoing certification requirements. CFP Board currently authorizes more than 65,000 individuals to use these marks in the United States.
Dan Drummond, Director of Public Relations
E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Twitter: @CFPBoardmedia
# # #
Work with the Highest Standard.
» Financial Planning Guides » Working with a Financial Planner » Find a CFP® Professional
More Tips & Resources


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Canada decided recently to impose a lifetime ban on blood donations from ME/CFS patients – at least until more is known about the XMRV-ME/CFS relationship. And following this announcement:
• New Zealand's blood banks announced on April 21 that they plan to reject donations from people who report ever having been diagnosed with ME/CFS. Formerly they had excluded blood from patients who were still ill or had been diagnosed in the past two years. According to their records, 97 ME/CFS patients had been banned from donation in the past 11 years, and of those, 12 who were pronounced recovered have donated at least once. (To see the NZPA news release, click here.)
• Australia's Red Cross Blood Service announced on Apr 23 that it will not accept blood donations from those who've been diagnosed with CFS, and will review the decision in two years "when further studies into the [XMRV] virus have been done." Previously, Australia's blood service did not allow people diagnosed with ME/CFS to donate blood until they brought a letter from their treating physician stating "that they are completely recovered." In the past two years, the service reports, it had taken more than 1 million blood donations and deferred donations of 70 people with CFS. (To see the news release, click here.)
• European ME Alliance Calls for EU-wide ban. They have written to the health ministers & chief medical officers of all EU countries, suggesting they emulate the bans cited above. To read their message, click here.


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NACCHO Troubled by HHS Change For Prevention and Public Health Fund
Contact Claire S. Gould
NACCHO Troubled by HHS Change For Prevention and Public Health Fund
Washington, D.C. (April 16, 2013)–
The National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) is concerned with the Department of Health and Human Services' decision to divert funding for important public health initiatives to health care enrollment activities.
Of the $950 million allocation for the Prevention and Public Health Fund for FY2013, nearly half or $454 million of the Fund will be used for enrollment activities for the health insurance marketplaces established through the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Funding for the Section 317 immunization program has also been cut by $82 million and funding for the Community Transformation Grants designed to reduce chronic disease has been cut $80 million.
The Fund was authorized in the ACA to support and bolster prevention and public health activities. This is the third time in the Fund's history that funds have been redirected from their original purpose. In FY2010 $250 million was provided for training of primary care providers and in FY2011 $6.25 billion over nine years was eliminated to halt a cut to Medicare physician reimbursement.
"The Prevention and Public Health Fund has been an important resource for local communities," said NACCHO's executive director Robert M. Pestronk. "While facilitating enrollment in medical care is important, it just doesn't make sense to do this at the expense of protecting people," Pestronk said. "Chronic diseases like diabetes and high blood pressure account for 70 percent of all deaths and 75 percent of all health care costs."
Additional cuts to the Fund continue to erode the capacity of local health departments which have seen previous rounds of federal, state, and local cutbacks.
The Fund supports the early and rapid detection of diseases and injury, continuous quality improvement in public health practice, and community-based initiatives to stem the epidemic of preventable disease and make health an easier choice. The Fund also supports training for the public health workforce.
Learn more about how the local health department workforce has been affected by budget cuts since 2008 at http://www.naccho.org/jobloss.


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text:
The release of Watch Dogs has been the most successful title launch for Ubisoft to date. The video game has sold more than 4 million copies in its first week, and has positioned itself as the best-selling new IP launch across the video game industry. Watch Dogs has already broken sales records for a title in the first 24 hours following its release.
The launch of Watch Dogs on consoles and PC was accompanied by the release of a free companion app, ctOS Mobile, which allows gamers to connect with the Watch Dogs universe from anywhere, and is designed to enable dual-screen game play or a standalone experience without the main game. The app has already been downloaded and played by more than one million people.
Watch Dogs is set in Chicago, where players become Aiden Pearce, a hacker seeking justice following a violent family tragedy. Pearce will hack into Chicago's Central Operating System (ctOS), which controls infrastructure and data about the city's residents. The video game will also be released on the Wii U this fall.


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|Version 1 (modified by 12 years ago) (diff),
Source Encoding Detection
Brief Explanation
Haskell source code uses the Unicode character set. However, current implementations either support only one encoding (e.g. UTF-8), or require the encoding to be signified via out-of-band means, which makes Haskell source code non-portable.
This proposal outlines a detection heuristics that categorizes the source code as under UTF-8, UTF-16 or UTF-32. A conforming Haskell-prime implementation must accept UTF-8 and UTF-16, and may fail on UTF-32 input.
This proposal does not cover user-specified source encoding.
This heuristics uses at most 4 bytes from the byte representation of Haskell source code.
import Data.Word data EncodedSource = UTF8 [Word8] | UTF16 Endian [Word8] | UTF32 Endian [Word8] -- | UserDefined ... data Endian = LittleEndian | BigEndian detectSourceEncoding :: [Word8] -> EncodedSource detectSourceEncoding bytes = case bytes of [] -> UTF8 [] [0x00] -> invalidNulls xs@[_] -> UTF8 xs [0xFF, 0xFE] -> UTF16 LittleEndian [] (0xFE:0xFF:xs) -> UTF16 BigEndian xs [0x00, 0x00] -> invalidNulls xs@[0x00, _] -> UTF16 BigEndian xs xs@[_, 0x00] -> UTF16 LittleEndian xs xs@[_, _] -> UTF8 xs [0x00, 0x00, 0x00] -> invalidNulls xs@[_, _, _] -> UTF8 xs (0xEF:0xBB:0xBF:xs) -> UTF8 xs (0x00:0x00:0xFE:0xFF:xs) -> UTF32 BigEndian xs (0xFF:0xFE:0x00:0x00:xs) -> UTF32 LittleEndian xs (0xFF:0xFE:xs) -> UTF16 BigEndian xs (0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:_) -> invalidNulls xs@(0x00:0x00:0x00:_) -> UTF32 BigEndian xs xs@(_:0x00:0x00:0x00:_) -> UTF32 LittleEndian xs (0x00:0x00:_) -> invalidNulls xs@(0x00:_) -> UTF16 BigEndian xs xs@(_:0x00:_) -> UTF16 LittleEndian xs xs -> UTF8 xs where invalidNulls = error "(implementation-specific error message)"
The heuristics has the following properties:
- Byte-order mark is optional on all three encodings.
- If present, byte-order-marks are consumed before lexical analysis.
- Source code known to begin with the NULL chracter is disallowed.
Furthermore, as long as the first logical characters in the program is under codepoint 0xFF (the "ASCII/Latin1" range), this heuristics can always gracefully handle two common class of text editor flaws:
- Emitting byte-order mark for UTF-8 text.
- Omitting byte-order mark for UTF-16 or UTF-32 text.
- Ensures uniform treatment of Unicode in source code.
- Mandating a minimum support for UTF-8/UTF-16 places an implementation burden on compiler writers.


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Erda an Earth Goddess. To the ancient Greeks, she was Rhea or Gaea. Perceiving the earth as our primordial teacher, they described her as a great vibrant being, a living breathing body, a heart, a spirit, a soul, a Goddess. The Northern European named her Erda, Earth, Ertha, Utha, Herth and Edda and the Romans named her Terra Firma.
'Erda' is the name of an ancient European earth goddess, from which the english word 'earth' was derived and the German word 'Erde', meaning earth. The name is used in the spirit of Gaia, respecting planet earth as a single living organism of which we are an integral part.
by planetatierra February 04, 2010


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Indigenous peoples of the Arctic have a store of ecological knowledge based on their own observations of the environment, and on information handed down over generations.
WWF encourages the use of this traditional ecological knowledge to inform management policies in the Arctic. We have supported several projects that collect this form of knowledge, helping to provide a more rounded knowledge base.


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By FABIOLA SANCHEZ
Associated Press
CARACAS, Venezuela
President Hugo Chavez said Thursday that he ordered his country's military attaches to leave the Venezuelan Embassy in Paraguay, citing threats against diplomats amid growing tensions between the two governments.
Chavez said during a speech that he made the decision after death threats against some Venezuelan diplomats. He said the military attaches were sent to Argentina.
He didn't give details about the threats but noted that diplomats in the embassy have recently faced accusations in Paraguay of "preparing a coup," which Chavez denied.
Chavez made the announcement a day after Paraguay's new government withdrew its ambassador from Caracas and declared Venezuela's envoy no longer welcome in Asuncion. Venezuela's ambassador had already left Paraguay a week earlier when he was called home for consultations by Chavez.
Venezuela has vocally opposed the congressional impeachment and ouster last month of President Fernando Lugo, an ally of Chavez. Lugo was swiftly replaced by Vice President Federico Franco, who is to serve out a presidential term that ends in August 2013.
Paraguay's new government has accused Venezuelan Foreign Minister Nicolas Maduro of trying to persuade Paraguayan military officers to rise up in support of the leftist Lugo during the impeachment process.
The Paraguayan foreign ministry said Wednesday that its ambassador in Caracas would soon return home "due to serious evidence of intervention by Venezuelan officials in the internal affairs of Paraguay."
In a speech to Venezuela's National Assembly on Thursday, Chavez denied the accusations against Maduro. He said his foreign minister had attended a meeting with Paraguayan generals accompanied by other foreign ministers while participating in a diplomatic mission of the regional bloc Unasur.
Referring to Paraguay's new government declaring Maduro unwelcome in the country, Chavez said, "I envy Nicolas."
Paraguay's defense minister presented a security camera video this week showing Maduro going into the meeting with military officers. Chavez said the video was taken out of context and called those who have taken power in Paraguay a "dictatorial" group.
Chavez reiterated his suspicion that the U.S. government had a hand in Lugo's ouster, referring to a "decision of the Pentagon." He didn't present any evidence to support that theory.
All of Paraguay's South American neighbors have distanced themselves from the new government following Lugo's removal from office. Both the Mercosur trade group and the Unasur bloc suspended Paraguay until it holds a presidential election, now scheduled for April 2013.
Until recently, Venezuela's efforts to become a full member of Mercosur had been held up by lawmakers in Paraguay. But last week, with Paraguay temporarily suspended from the Mercosur trade bloc, the leaders of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay seized the opportunity and welcomed Chavez's government as a full member.


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Volant Snorkle, Easy Installation : )
Reviewed By Randall D (Blaine, WA) Reviewed for a 2004 GMC Yukon —4/18/2011 9:59 PM
Application 2003 Tahoe, Installation took all of about 20 minutes. I have read reviews from others saying that it is a difficult and time consuming affair...it is not. Remove 5 of the most forward inner fender liner snaps (passenger side) and the bottom of the inlet of the intake box is clearly visible. Once removed you will see how easy it is. You "Do Not" have to install it from the bottom and try and reach your hand up to tighten the hose clamps...voila!


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Ben & Jerry's Reveals Its 30 Rock Flavor
Liz Lemon. The flavor, not the person.
It's no Dr. Leo Spaceman's Mint Chocolate Scrips, but 30 Rock's new Ben & Jerry's flavor is here. First of all, psych — it's one of the Greek fro-yo flavors! It's actually called Liz Lemon Greek Frozen Yogurt, perhaps making it more a Tina Fey homage than an all-out 30 Rock tribute. Anyway, take it away, B&J: "A Lemon Greek Frozen Yogurt with a Blueberry Lavender Swirl, coming this spring." Boom.


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Group To Hold Christmas Tree Fest
NEW BREMEN — Members of a local historical society are trying something new this year with their annual holiday event.
Members of the New Bremen Historic Association are holding their Christmas Tree Festival at the Lockkeeper's House in conjunction with the village of New Bremen's tree lighting.
"Usually we have it in our museum," said Diane Paul, a Christmas Tree Festival organizer. "A lot of people in New Bremen don't know what the Lockkeeper's House is about, so this gives us a chance to show them."
The display will officially open when the village turns on its Christmas lights as part of the New Bremen-New Knoxville Rotary Tree Lighting.
"At 6:30, when the town puts the lights on, it will open," Paul said. "It will also be open during the regular chamber hours, and we're having an open house on Dec. 4."
Sunday's open house will be from 1:30 p.m. to 4 p.m. at the Lockkeeper's House — like the New Bremen Historic Association's Christmas Open House held at the museum on Main Street in the past.
"We'll have refreshments, and Rita Heitkamp will be there and will be singing," Paul said.
She noted the group hopes to make the event at the Lockkeeper's House an annual event residents look forward to during the holiday season.
"We're hoping to make it a yearly event," she said. "If it gets big enough, maybe we'll hold it at both places."
The New Bremen Historic Association has requested interested businesses, organizations, families, children and adults to display a tree or other Christmas decoration that depicts their individual interest.
"We have approximately 33 displays so far," Paul said. "They're mainly on the second floor, but we may have enough for all three floors."
She said they have already received a variety of trees — the deadline for the trees to be completed is Wednesday.
"We have trees of all sizes," Paul said. "We have little trees, we have big trees."
She noted her grandchildren did a tree, as well as the children at Serendipity and the New Bremen kindergarten class.
"We're hoping to get more kids involved," Paul said. "By people coming and seeing that, maybe more people will want to do it next year."
The New Bremen Historic Association also added another new twist to its Christmas Tree Festival.
"New this year is people can vote," Paul said. "They can vote by tossing in pennies or something, and the best ones will get prizes."


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OWINGS MILLS, Md. -- Baltimore Ravens general manager Ozzie Newsome is optimistic a long-term deal will be reached with Super Bowl MVP quarterback Joe Flacco, though it will likely require using a franchise tag.
"I'm coming away today thinking that we can get a deal done," Newsome said during Thursday's season-ending press conference.
"I've got a very good owner who understands the business, understands the importance of certain positions. So I'm optimistic.
"But which tag we'll use? We don't know. But we'll be prepared for either scenario."
The franchise-tag options are two-fold: The one-year franchise tag for quarterbacks in 2012 was $14.6 million; while the exclusive franchise tag, which would preclude Flacco from speaking to other interested teams, could run in the $20-$21-million range in 2013. NFL teams must designate their franchise players in the mandated Feb. 18 through March 4 window.
GAMBLING MAN: Flacco's bet on himself pays off
NEWSOME STICKS TO PLAN: GM says Ravens will stay disciplined with contracts
Flacco's timing is impeccable. And his agent, Joe Linta says Flacco deserves to be the league's highest-paid quarterback, with a contract that ensures he stays among the highest for years to come.
"When Joe did what he did, the summer clearance sale is over," Linta told USA TODAY Sports. "Assuming Joe does become the highest-paid quarterback, he may only become the highest-paid guy for another year.
"What we're trying to do is more than making him the highest-paid quarterback this second, is to make sure we're doing something that he's not the 15th-highest paid quarterback four years from now."
His rookie contract is expiring while he is coming off a brilliant postseason during which he threw 11 touchdowns without an interception, matching San Francisco 49ers quarterback Joe Montana's 1989 postseason performance and Arizona's Kurt Warner in 2008.
Flacco turned down a long-term deal in the $15-$16-million-a-year range before the season. Ravens owner Steve Bisciotti is also optimistic Flacco will be locked up considering Flacco's deal is key to figuring how many of the Ravens' 12 other unrestricted free agents the team can pursue.
"We both know that we want each other," Bisciotti said. "It's up to Ozzie and Joe Linta (Flacco's agent) to work that out.
"We offered him a top-five contract before last year. We will be back at the negotiating table and we were pretty close.
"I don't see us winning the Super Bowl making the negotiation any more difficult than it would have been had we gone out in the first round. That might have been more difficult."
Bisciotti made it clear that when Flacco, 28, turned down that top-five offer insisting he was the league's best quarterback, the Ravens wanted to see him prove it.
"And he did it," Bisciotti said. "This is history."
Now Flacco deserves to be rewarded with an historic contract says Linta.
New Orleans Saints quarterback Drew Brees set the gold standard with a five-year, $100-million deal, including $60 million guaranteed. Linta said guaranteed money spread over the deal is more important than a front-loaded payout.
IMMORTAL?: Ravens consider Ray Lewis statue
"We don't really care about money guaranteed in the first two years because that's fool's gold," Linta said. "What you're looking for is years 4, 5 and 6. ... You want to make sure this deal stands the test of time."
Flacco went 126 postseason passes without throwing an interception in leading wins against Indianapolis, Denver and New England. He has taken the Ravens to the playoffs each of his five seasons and his 63 wins, including 9-4 in postseason play, ranks as most in the league by a quarterback since 2008.
"I saw a guy just maturing the way we would expect him to mature," Bisciotti said. "A husband, a father, familiarity with what we're asking him to do.
"He is who he is. His demeanor we're very comfortable with. We don't need a screamer. Joe proved that you can win being like Joe. And we're thrilled because we never thought we needed to change the way Joe was.
"Now he gets to say, 'I told you so."'
Bisciotti compared Flacco with another quarterback who vowed before the 2011 season that he was elite then proved it with a Super Bowl title.
"Joe went to the Eli Manning school of disrespect," Bisciotti said. "They gave Eli the same business. And now he's got two Super Bowls and Peyton's got one.
"We'll let Joe get it his way."


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Charlene Wittstock's Wedding Dress From Even More Angles
We know what you want: MORE WEDDING PICTURES. And we have it for you right here, you fiends. We believe this covers every conceivable angle of Ms. Wittstock's Armani Privé gown, worn today at her religious wedding ceremony (yesterday was the civil ceremony, to which she wore a suit).
(All images via Getty)


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So how's the economic recovery treating you? For many Americans, the answer is: not well. In fact, some may ask: What recovery?
So how's the economic recovery treating you? For many Americans, the answer is: not well. In fact, some may ask: What recovery?
And with good reason. There are many ways to measure a nation's fiscal health, but people naturally tend to focus on what the jobs numbers are. Low unemployment means a strong economy, high unemployment a weak one.
Unemployment was up when President Obama came into office, and according to him, "stimulus" spending was the answer. Government would pump hundreds of billions of taxpayer dollars into the economy, thereby "creating or saving" millions of jobs.
In January 2009, the president's economic advisors released a chart projecting what unemployment would be with and without the administration's proposed stimulus. At the time, it stood at 7.6 percent. Without the stimulus, they said, unemployment would top 9 percent by December 2010. With it? Just above 7 percent.
What was the actual rate we hit at that time? 9.4 percent. That number is down from a high of 10.1 percent in October 2009, but considering the rosy projections, one again has to ask: What recovery? After all, that's almost two and half percentage points higher than we were led to believe we'd get with no stimulus. They got their stimulus package, and we got higher unemployment. (The rate as of July was 8.3 percent.)
There's another important number to consider when you examine this recovery, the slowest we've had in 70 years. And that's how many people have dropped out of the labor force. Today, nearly 5 million fewer Americans are working or looking for work. This drop accounts for virtually the entire reduction of the unemployment rate since 2009 — those who aren't looking for work don't count as unemployed.
Who accounts for these non-working Americans? About one-fifth is simple demographics — the baby boomers are aging, and more of them retire each day. The rest come from people going on disability insurance or attending school. As Heritage Foundation labor expert James Sherk points out in a new study, we can count only one of these groups joining the workforce eventually, and that's the people who are in school.
The bottom line is, as bad as the unemployment figure is, it doesn't count these Americans who have left the labor force. The economy, in short, is in even worse shape than the official numbers indicate.
More importantly, why have we been losing jobs? Many workers might be tempted to blame employers giving people pink slips. It's true that thousands of companies have gone out of business or downsized, laying off millions of workers and increasing unemployment. But layoffs and job losses are not the main reason that unemployment remains high.
Sherk notes that while layoffs did climb during the early part of the recession, they've since returned to normal levels. In the first quarter of 2012, employers laid off 5.5 million workers. "Employees with jobs today are, in fact, slightly less likely to lose them than they were when the recession began," he writes.
The simple fact is, the economy isn't creating nearly as many new jobs as it should be. Why? There are some lingering effects from the collapse of the housing bubble, of course. We've also been affected by the economic slowdowns in Europe and China. But we shouldn't overlook the ill effects of excessive taxes and increased regulation, which discourage risk-taking and investment.
The regulatory burden on businesses has increased, thanks in large part to Obamacare. Some leaders in Congress have said they want to raise taxes by $500 billion in January.
Some things Congress can't do, but it can certainly refrain from making the problem worse. It can also lighten the tax and regulatory burden on small business, which would encourage them to start hiring again.
Maybe then we'd have a recovery that feels like a recovery. And we'd finally get Americans back to work.
Ed Feulner is president of The Heritage Foundation (heritage.org), a conservative think tank based in Washington, D.C.


text:
Study & Intern Abroad Day: Worcester Information Session
Start Date: January 23, 2013
End Date: January 23, 2013
Time: 4:45 pm to 6:00 pm
Phone: 508.373.9545
Email: email@example.com
Study and Intern Abroad Day
Coordinated by Career Services
Worcester Information Session
- Learn about the qualifications, application process, and amazing opportunities for Becker students to study or intern abroad.
- Meet representatives from our two Study Abroad partner companies, Center for International Studies, and Semester at Sea.
- This information session will also be availabe on the Leicester campus at 3:00, in the Campus Center Stoddard Room.
- The day will also include study abroad information tables in the Leicester Campus Center lobby between noon and 2:00.
- Check out www.becker.edu/studyabroad for a sneak preview!
Organized by
Career Services, Eric Saczawa
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Contact the Organizer
Event Categories: Academics, Center for Career Education and Advising, and Home Page.
Related Events
Summer Bridge Program - Student Move-In
Starts 08/19/2018
Faculty Workshop
Starts 08/22/2018 at 8:30am
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Assassin's Creed Revelations 2-Years Later ReviewGuest_Jim_* -
Category: Gaming
Price: $19.99
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The end of Assassin's Creed Brotherhood left gamers with a cliffhanger they undoubtedly wanted to see resolved, and one year later, it was. Assassin's Creed Revelations continues the story of Desmond Miles after his collapse from exposure to the Apple of Eden. He is now trapped within the Animus, a tool to experience the memories of one's ancestors, because his time in the Animus and the Apple has caused his mind to start losing its grasp on time. Is he Desmond, of the present day, Ezio Auditore who lived five hundred years ago, or Altaïr ibn-La'Ahad who lived still longer ago? The only way for his mind to heal now is to learn what is left of his ancestors' wisdom.
Like the previous titles, this game has a Mature rating, for blood, violence, strong language, and sexual themes. If you should not be exposed to any of that, you should not be reading this review.
Should we uncover the past to gain what knowledge remains, or allow Desmond's mind to shatter as it crumbles beneath the weight of multiple histories? Read on to decide.


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What UNAIDS Regional Director For Eastern and Southern Africa has to say about...
- 116 Articles
This opinion editorial is written by UNAIDS Regional Director for Eastern and South Africa, Professor Sheila Tlou. In this article, Professor Tlou tells young people the time to act is NOW to reduce HIV among young people in Eastern and South Africa. Check out the article, right here:
On 6-7 December 2013, education and health ministers from 21 countries in Eastern and Southern Africa will gather in Cape Town, South Africa, to agree on a political commitment based on UN and civil society supported recommendations on the need for sexuality education and sexual and reproductive health services in the region. These recommendations have the potential to bring about critical improvements in the education, wellbeing and life chances of millions of young people as well as the development of the region as a whole.
Yet, during this meeting, the futures and lives of millions of young people will hang in the balance as ministers decide whether or not to take the recommendations on board and commit to bold actions which are needed now. This is why I am raising awareness of the issues at stake, the decisions ministers will take and the impact of their decisions on the millions of young lives today, and millions more in the future.
The ministerial meeting on 6-7 December will be a defining moment for the HIV epidemic, for young women and a turning point in the history of how we empower adolescents and young people to exercise their rights to education, health and citizenship. As young people, parents, teachers, leaders and decision-makers – together – we must do everything we can to ensure our education and health ministers are aware of these issues and the solutions proposed and make sure they commit to take urgent action for adolescents and young people today.
With all the evidence pointing to the benefits that comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services can provide in a rapidly changing society, why is it so vital that the region's health and education ministers make this commitment in December?
A new report on the region - Young People Today. Time To Act Now - provides many of the answers. In terms of HIV there has been very encouraging news recently – 6,3 million people are on treatment and far larger numbers of people are living longer and healthier lives. Also, the rates of new infections are declining in some countries in the region. Despite this, we are still seeing 430,000 new HIV infections per year occur among people aged 15-24. That translates to 50 new infections every hour, with the majority occurring among young women. It is notable that thirty years into this epidemic, less than 60% of young people in the region still don't know basic facts on preventing HIV infection.
Central to the recommendations is the need to provide – at scale – a combination of CSE from primary school onwards and SRH services, thereby creating an integrated approach with adolescents and young people at the centre. These actions will see ministries working together to increase the support to adolescents and young people so they can lead healthier, more informed and responsible lives. The report's recommendations are do-able and cost-effective – and will save young lives.
We cannot afford to be complacent and let this situation continue. Currently, 2.6m young people are living with HIV – education and health have the mandate, the resources and the responsibility to make an AIDS free future a reality for the next generation. Yet this will only happen if we enable teachers and health providers to reach out to young people with appropriate education, information and access to services and commodities.
As well as HIV, many other sexual and reproductive health issues are challenging young people. These include high levels of early and unintended pregnancies and high levels of maternal deaths. As the global community looks back on how far we have come since the International Conference on Population Development (ICPD) in Cairo 20 years ago, and as we gear up for a post 2015 agenda, we need to change the narrative in our region. The ICASA meeting of education and health leaders offers a huge opportunity. We need to ask ourselves if we have delivered on what was promised by way of providing young people with the best start in adult life and giving them everything they need to make informed decisions to negotiate the realities of the 21st century.
Ministries, civil society organisations - including youth organisations - and a wide range of stakeholders in education and health are already involved in meetings at country level on what needs to go into this ministerial commitment. The partners in this initiative are ready to support us in implementing the changes. I am totally committed to making sure our adolescents and young people have what it takes to lead healthier and more informed lives, where they make decisions about their own futures. If you are a parent, a teacher, a community leader and most of all a young person anywhere in the region, find a way to make your voice heard. With less than a month until the 6-7 December ministerial meeting and the ICASA conference in Cape Town, I urge you to talk with your ministers of health or education and talk to UNAIDS, UNESCO, UNFPA and UNICEF country offices. We must make sure that young people's futures are recognized, valued and protected. It's time to act now.
For more information, check out www.youngpeopletoday.net


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It seems that this cake was invented somewhere between the late 1920's or early 1930's. One of Jame Dole's (of Dole Pineapples) engineers invented a machine that would core and slice pineapples. Soon, canned pineapple became a pantry staple in American homes-- and thus, the Pineapple Upside Down Cake was created. That's what I read on the internet, so it must be true!
I love fresh pineapple, and one of my favorite snacks is pineapple and cottage cheese. I could eat that every day, and be content. On our recent trip to Hawaii, I was always happy to see pineapple as a garnish with my breakfast (and, with a few of the Mai Tai cocktails that I enjoyed).
This weekend, we had our friends over for a very casual dinner. I wanted to cook whatever I found in our freezer and pantry. I thawed some pork ribs, so Craig grilled his perfect ribs. I doctored up leftover barbecue sauce with homemade pineapple jam, honey and teriyaki sauce. While I was at it, I made a quick slaw using a can of crushed pineapples and lite coconut milk that I found in the pantry.
I wanted to use a cast-iron skillet, because I've seen this cake made that way. All I had to do was separate three eggs. The egg whites were whipped till fluffy, then set into a separate bowl.
Don't faint, because that is one stick of butter you see melting. Next came one cup of brown sugar and some dark rum (you can use pineapple juice instead of rum). Whisk it all together and now for the cake batter.
In a cake mixer, beat the egg yolks and sugar until fluffy. I added a combination of rum and pineapple juice, because I didn't want to overdo the rum flavor. Next, comes flour, baking powder and salt. Last, the egg whites are gently folded into the batter. Done!


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1 May
1 Nov
25TH - 75TH Percentile
25TH - 75TH Percentile
25TH - 75TH Percentile
25TH - 75TH Percentile
How to know that your child need admission consultant
3 August, 2018 , by Vunova
Dreaming big is the right of every individual, and it can be achieved by setting realistic goals and constant struggle while managing meanders of life in a positive way. Switching over to college from high school is a harried process for parents and students. Its intensity and sensitivity are observed by a parent when deadlines become difficult to meet and being a parent you are thinking to do something serious for your kid because your complete collaboration becomes insufficient. An admission consultant makes stressful process of college admission rather enjoyable by replacing parent's fears to peace of mind.Stated down are the circumstances in which an admission consultant becomes parent's investment.He is a person who can choose wisely by unleashing the student's potential talent while keeping in view of affordability in means of transportation cost, housing and fee loads as well.
Breaking News: Racism hunts at Harvard University Admission Office
1 August, 2018 , by Vunova
Finally, nonverbal battle among ethnic groups has been moved from offices, hospitals and subway stations to Harvard. On July,29th an Asian student didn't get in the Harvard just because of its intrinsic attributes. He had scored 1600 on the SAT, a super perfect score. The code language used to convey hidden info by the staff appointed there tried to put a fence. The student was ranked first in 592 and his dream to get into his dream university went in dilemma. However, Harvard denies of being discriminated.
Applying to college as a high school junior
31 July, 2018 , by Vunova
Almost all American students thrive to get admission in their desirable colleges, which obviously depends on their over all transcript being high school juniors. Their potential to get enrolled in high ranked colleges are based on the academic achievements and extracurricular activities they made in standardized test sessions throughout the semesters. Dream colleges likeAmerican educational policies are very encouraging for students in a sense that different platforms like vunova are emerged to connect students and their parents to their prospective colleges via alumnus or alumna, ambassadors and consultants. Vunova has become a blessing, a counselor, an adviser to guide step by step to the students to strive and strike the goal of their life. It is no doubt a pain full hammering on student minds to prepare themselves for a necessary evil SAT and ACT. Students you cannot get jump into Yale or Harvard until and unless you scored up to the mark of the admission criteria. As it is said "as you sow so shall you reap", exactly the same you have to done, you have to invest your time in productive studying to reap the fruit in future. There are some guidelines which can guide you in the best way.
Scholarships for Indian students
29 July, 2018 , by Vunova
We have made a descriptive list of international scholarships for Indian students, divided by desired place of study and funding type. If you can't find the best one, you can browse our list of international scholarships for more options. Good luck!Inlaks Shivdasani Foundation scholarships (for postgraduate and undergraduate studies)The Fulbright-Nehru Master's Fellowships are offered to outstanding Indians locating in India pursue a Master's degree at U.S universities and colleges in the following areas.The fellowship will provide the following benefits:For successful Indian application for scholarships, here are a few things which you should run a check on: Keeping your mediators posted about all scholarships which you are applying for. Some Universities request you have more than one referee. In such circumstances, we force you on picking after careful consideration, as they must highlight your abilities and skills well. The British Council has announced instructive scholarships worth Rs 40 crore for Indian students who want to study in the USA. The scholarships will cover a range of different courses from engineering, law, art and design to Information technology across more than 50 institutions in the Notherland, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. These countries also provide job opportunities for their talented students to work after studies and get benefits for both the students and for their country.
Important factors affecting your College acceptance chances
23 July, 2018 , by Vunova
Mostly, applicants are aware of the basic routes in which their applications will be screened. Formal standardized test scores have great impact in admission, transcripts are compared with others, and letter of recommendations are taken into account. While, some factors are considered more important for admission committees, they have a great influence on your acceptance rate. Some details are also considered when the admission committees compare the applicants and decide who win the race. These four important factors are given below:If you want to know more about these factors that affect your chances, keep reading the given information. Generally, you are already aware of your interest in extra-curricular activities that will be considered when you apply for admission, but you may not know that which activities you choose to pursue might play an important role in college admission. While leadership and sports position may only increase your chances of getting admission, many admission committees agree that service projects are considered as extra-curricular activity. According to Harvard's recent Making Caring Common initiative, many admission committees are on the hunt for candidates who give back to societies. This does not mean that you are just participating as a fundraiser or going for a learning trip over the summer. It means, you are going to choose a reason which is relevant to your personal communities, maintain and build your services over a period of years rather than some days. We at Vonuva.com are asked if the college admission committees review your social media accounts of candidates. This is just a formal practice; certainly it is not unheard of these days. Generally, we have heard about several great profiles in recent years in which unsuitable action online resulted in the rejection of college admission. However, while the admission committee will go through the process to review the social media accounts of each candidate, you should know that your action online can affect your college acceptance. Stay active by building the appropriate online presence. Check out your privacy setting so, that your friends can see your personal posts. Remember one thing, nothing online is private. Everything you post on your profile or associated with the system and could be reviewed by college admission committees or potential employers. Also remember that your profile is greatly affected by others who you are linked on social media, whether you like them or not. If someone in your contacts posts questionable stuff, you might consider blocking them so that your profile limits the expression of your posts. Test scores and good grades are always put a strong impact on your admission application, but they may not explain the whole story. Sometimes, the admission committee is interested in seeing your challenging tasks and found routes to extend your learning process than they in search of a straight string. The situation can be a tricky balance to stick and may take some conditions to figure out before you hit your score. Consult with your guidance counselor to discuss the class choice as they associated with your admission goals. If you want to apply to different colleges, you will require to pursue your high school's challenging track of courses to be more competitive. Admissions committees consist on the well-experienced member in evaluating your transcript strength, and they won't be fooled by high grades of high school classes. Wow them by attending classes that truly challenging for you. Moreover, you can also impress the admission committee with your work experience by extending the learning outside the classroom. Taking self-studying for AP exams, summer classes in your areas of interest and participating in an independent study show similar willingness and initiatives to tackle challenging work. An admission committee has two basic goals. If the admission committee accepts only those candidates whose top choices of colleges are elsewhere, they can't fill the incoming classes. They need to select qualified applicants who want to enroll in the fall. You can enhance your admission chances by expressing your interest in top choice schools. It means the situation may reach out the admission team personally at college visits or college fairs. However, meeting with the coaches or professors, writing a letter of interest and following up with personal thank you note may increase your chances for shortlisting. There is no secret way for college admission, but you should know that there is an evaluation process of your test scores and grades. Consider these things can boost your chances of getting admission. For more guidance in the admission application process, consider enlisting the help of Vonuva.com Applications Guidance service. Here, you can find the best consultants who provide you information about admission process and proper guidance step-by-step, from a college visit to college admission. For more information visit the consultant's information.


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A spare gel pack insert increases your ability to function when you need relief from knee sprains, ligament strains and general knee pain. Freeze, refrigerate or cool this spare in a cooler to double the length of cooling time you can enjoy from your ThermoActive support. Alternatively pop the spare pack in the microwave for an easy swap in and out.
Note: ThermoActive knee support sold separately
Freezing instructions: Remove gel pack from wrap and store 1 hour in a freezer or 2-3 hours in a refrigerator; this is all that's needed to get the gel pack cold enough for therapeutic purposes. For immediate injuries that occur outdoors, packs can be cooled in a portable ice-cooler or chest.
Heating instructions: Microwave each side of the gel pack for 15 seconds. Then wait 60 seconds before applying to the body. If necessary, continue to heat in 10-second increments, until you reach the desired temperature.
***The contents of the Painreliever.com website are for informational purposes only. The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. You should not use the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a medical or health condition. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on the Painreliever.com website. Read Full Disclaimer***
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It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia: A Very Sunny Christmas (US - BD RA)
Gabe takes a short look at this short Christmas special Blu-ray release...
If there's one television show my friends have demanded I pay attention to its 30 Rock. But the fury of the people that demand I watch It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia eclipses those more even-tempered Tina Fey fans. Unfortunately I still haven't gotten around too it, even though it's available for free on Hulu, so this Christmas special is acting as my introduction to something I'd apparently be an evil, mentally retarded bastard to not love. The story synopsis for this episode probably won't make any sense to anyone that doesn't watch the series regularly, so here's the official word:
Ho, ho, heyooo! Christmas is upon us and the Paddy's gang has got the spirit. Well, not really. For them, the holidays have always been a time of trickery, backstabbing, and disappointment. But this year things are going to be different as they are determined to rediscover the joy in Christmas. Join Mac, Charlie, Dennis, Dee and Frank as they embark on a holiday adventure filled with stolen toys, childhood videos, naked elves, and a bloody run in with Santa Claus that is guaranteed to blast Christmas spirit all over you!
I've got nothing particularly bad to say about this elongated episode, but I'm not finding myself appropriately mind-boggled. I have to assume that if one knows these characters a bit better one would laugh harder at these offensive hijinx. The sheer meanness of the whole thing isn't quite enough to eek out the painful belly laughs the back of the box promised. But I like the meanness. It's brass ball humour at its most pure. The mean streak even cuts through the gross-out stuff, which is usually the last bastion of a lazy and untalented comedy writer. The Always Sunny writers own their gross-outs through energetic, and aberrant ingenuity. The unpredictable nature appears to be the most indelible and defining element of the series. Anyone claiming suspicion of a Rankin Bass styled stop-motion musical break-down should themselves be looked upon with suspicion. I can imagine the show's belligerent style developing into a draining affair, especially if one were watching a whole season set in one sitting, but I've also got to respect this particular episode for never letting up, or giving in with an iota of sweetness. In the end the only real objective criticism I can muster has to do with the fact that this is just an episode, and I wouldn't want to spend my money on a single episode of even my favourite television show.
This Blu-ray opens with some of the actors reading a producers' introduction warning us that this 'episode' was not shot in true high definition, and was up-converted from standard broadcast definition. I didn't need the intro, and neither will you, it's plenty obvious. The print doesn't even look like a particularly good up-conversion, frankly, it looks like an acceptable DVD transfer (I actually re-watched some Deadwood the same night, and that SD DVD looked better). There aren't many compression artefact standards not covered here, though a lot of it is clearly the fault of the show's natural style, which features a lot of source lighting. The print is grainy, and the grain itself is large and poorly defined. Blotchy would be a good word. The establishing shots are especially chopped by compression. White's bloom, colours bleed and are poorly defined, and the purest and brightest hues are rife with digital noise. The transfer is technically progressive scan, but there are plenty of combing effects throughout the episode, especially during the slow-motion snow climax.
The Blu-ray's DTS-HD 5.1 audio track doesn't really fair that much better than the unneeded video upgraded. The show's guerilla style filming captures most of the audio on sight, including ambient noise and dialogue, so pretty much everything is simply centered. The cast yells a lot, so there's a bit of distortion throughout the entirety of the track, but this is, again, really in-keeping with what fans should expect from the series. The surround channels are practically silent, and the stereo channels don't do much better. Basically this is a central affair, and no one is particularly interested in mixing in any additional audio elements. We're talking old-school, on-set audio only. There isn't even very much music, though the traditional holiday items we get do echo a bit in the largely silent rear channels. The animated sequence is the most outstanding element in the mix, but for obvious reasons – the sound has been created in a lab, and it's a musical moment, requiring multiple tracks.
The rather terse extras begin with three deleted scenes staring the young versions of Charlie and Mac (2:50, SD). I'm not sure where these were supposed to fit in the context of the episode, but they're reasonably amusing. These are followed by a making-of featurette (7:30, SD), and a 'Sunny Sing-A-Long' (3:10, SD). The making-of featurette is mostly concerned with the episode's more technically challenging aspects, the stop motion sequence and the snow machine bit. The sing-a-long is a bit like something that would play between commercials on Adult Swim.
I'd love to tell It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia fans that this Blu-ray release is worth their money, but they'd do better to stick with the DVD release, assuming the episode isn't a part of the next seasonal collection. The content is recorded for SD, so the 1080p up-conversion is a waste of money. The fact that Fox warns us of the lesser video quality on a video introduction is nice enough, but a warning on the box art would've been better. The whole release is pretty shifty. As a total newcomer, armed with only the knowledge that the show was bawdy as hell, I definitely enjoyed this single, elongated episode, enough to further pursue the series, but I'm not quite up to fanatic levels just yet.
* Note: The images on this page are not representative of the Blu-ray release.
Review by Gabriel Powers
This product has not been rated
Disc Details
Release Date: 17th November 2009
Discs: 1
Disc Type: Blu-ray Disc
RCE: No
Video: 1080p
Aspect: 1.78:1
Anamorphic: No
Colour: Yes
Audio: DTS-HD Master Audio 5.1 English
Subtitles: English SDH, Spanish and French
Extras: Deleted Scenes, Making of Featurette, Sunny Sing-A-Long
Easter Egg: No
Feature Details
Director: Fred Savage
Cast: Glenn Howerton, Rob McElhenney, Charlie Day, Danny DeVito
Genre: Comedy
Length: 43 minutes
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Getaway Guide: One Tank Trip To Lower CapeIt's summertime, and that means the cape is heating up. Among the beauty of a sun-bleached coastline and landscape perimeter of dunes and docks lies an aesthetically pleasing drive to Cape Cod. Whether it's a day trip or weekend getaway, Lower Cape Cod offers something for every traveler.


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* These items are available for purchase on the General Services Administration (GSA) Law Enforcement and Security Equipment Contract GS-07F-0210J.


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Seriously, this entire process of writing a book, getting it self-published, converting it to epub format for the Amazon Kindle, etc. has been a learning experience. And one of the best ways to write a book is to base it on your own experiences and the knowledge you've picked up on the way.
The response to Approaching the Lectern: How to Become a Genealogy Speaker has been overwhelming and I really appreciate the heartfelt and constructive feedback from my colleagues in the genealogy community. Now that the book is written, here comes the hard part: printing, distribution and marketing.
Some insights for those considering self-publishing:
- Proof, proof, proof. Funny, this is one of my admonitions in the section of my book on creating presentation slides. It seems that no matter how many times you proof a book you've written, something will get by, only to be found by a reader.
- Educate yourself on the process. This is where my new book would help. There are things I wish I had know before I even started writing my book such as: write it for epub (Amazon Kindle and e-book) formatting and then create the fancier print version. Also there is quite a bit I've learned about graphics, resolution, etc. which I thought I already knew.
- Tap into the marketing machine. Book marketing has its own process and methodologies. Then add the genealogy book market factor. Many members of the genealogy community have given me good advice on how to get my book reviewed etc. This is also important info that I need to compile and put together for future self-publishers.
© 2010, copyright Thomas MacEntee


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This sturdy 5' aluminum flag pole will take your flag from an uninspiring pile of fabric on the ground to an outrageous display for all the world to see! It's composed of lightweight, durable aluminum rods that snap together with ease. Each pole can hang flags with either grommets or a sleeve and can accommodate a flag with dimensions up to 4' x 6'.
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We're thrilled to be a part of this month that puts autism in the spotlight, but we're even more thrilled to celebrate all of the individuals with autism who make our community amazing! Celebrate with us by joining AuSM for an April event.
AuSM supporters and other members of Minnesota's autism and disability community are encouraged to attend Tuesday at the Capitol, hosted by AuSM, on Tuesday, April 17 from 9:30-11 a.m. Held during Autism Awareness Month, AuSM's Tuesday at the Capitol will focus on the critical last phase of the legislative session. Learn about the legislation that impacts our community; plan in advance for a visit with your legislators after the meeting (AuSM can help with this!); and build relationships with community members and lawmakers. Cost: FREE, but registration is encouraged. Click here to register.
Join us for "Celebrate the Magic Within", the Autism Society of Minnesota's 4th annual fundraising gala to be held April 27 from 6-10 p.m. at the DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Minneapolis-Park Place.The enchanting evening will include food, drinks, games, silent and live auctions, and a celebration of those serving as true inspirations to individuals affected by autism spectrum disorder. 2018 honorees include: Laroye "Lynn" Stansberry Brusnahan;Minnesota LEND (Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities);Kim Norton;Robert Waltz; andSt. Paul Police Officer Robert Zink. Gala proceeds benefit programs and services for the Minnesota autism community. Tickets are on sale now! Click here for more information.
Though AuSM's day and residential camps are full, summer fun still is available through AuSM's social skills classes. Stretch your imagination and try something new! AuSM Social Skills classes aretailored to give youth and adults with autism a fun, safe, and exciting experience while they increase self-esteem, expand knowledge, and build friendships that last a lifetime. Click on the above link to learn more about AuSM's classes with the Three Rivers Parks District, Como Park Zoo Conservatory, the Minnesota Zoo, Stages Theatre Company, ComedySportz, and more. AuSM also has two social skills classes available with the Great Lakes Aquarium and the Lake Superior Zoo in Duluth! See what summer fun AuSM has in store for you!
AuSM membership connects you to a common community that acts without judgment, nurtures potential, advances knowledge, and builds awareness. Join our supportive network to find programs, services, and resources that help guide individuals with autism and those who support them. AuSM welcomes you to our community, a place where we will move forward together.
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This guest article from YourTango was written by Kim Olver.
A recent study reveals a connection between spanking in childhood and mental health diagnoses later in life.
Whether or not you agree with the findings, I'd like to present you with 9 reasons spanking is never a good idea.
1. Spanking shows that "stronger" is right. When you use physical punishment to show a child he/she did something wrong, you are sending the unintended message that whomever is bigger and stronger decides what's right and what's wrong. Does this mean your child can determine what's right when he or she becomes stronger than you? Could this contribute to why elder abuse is so prevalent?1. Spanking shows that "stronger" is right.
2. Spanking demonstrates that older people have a right to hit younger people. You're sending the message that older, bigger people have the right to hit younger, smaller people. This is especially confusing when you're disciplining a child for hitting someone. What do you think can happen when your child grows to be bigger than you?2. Spanking demonstrates that older people have a right to hit younger people.
3. Spanking gives the example that violence solves problems. Spanking also shows children that violence is an appropriate way to solve life's problems. "If I don't like what you do, then I'm going to hit you." Physically punishing your child can be perceived as a form of bullying, sending the message to your child that this is an effective way to get others to do things your way.3. Spanking gives the example that violence solves problems.
More from YourTango: Good Cop, Bad Cop: How To Merge Conflicting Parenting Styles
4. Spanking damages self-esteem. When children are hit by the very people who are supposed to protect them, it causes a child to question, "What's wrong with me?" Self-esteem is a critically important and fragile thing. If you want your child to succeed in life, the level of his or her self-esteem will be a major determining factor.4. Spanking damages self-esteem.
5. Spanking can increase the likelihood of developing mental health symptoms.
According to this new study, links have been found from later mental health diagnoses to higher incidents of
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spanking for disciplinary purposes. I am willing to bet that when spanking your child, your intention wasn't to create long-term psychological problems.
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February 11, 2004
There was not much news this year in the arena of metabolic complications. In fact, the one big news item during this meeting did not even take place in the conference (the Abbott price increase and the resulting activism by doctors and patients). Other big news at this meeting included the failure of the first large vaccine trials run in Thailand. Although most everyone had heard the news before the conference, this did not make the presentation of the study more palatable. Everybody has a different take on it, but, in the end, everyone seems to be asking for more money -- obviously the vaccine researchers are asking for more money for more trials, basic scientists are asking for more money to continue HIV basic science research and microbicide researchers are asking for more money to try to get a microbicide to market. Everybody is right in a different way.
The other important (and extremely sad) news was the data presented regarding the price that African women and women from other developing countries are paying when they use single-dose nevirapine (NVP, Viramune) as a way to prevent maternal-fetal transmission of HIV infection. The response rate of subsequent NNRTI-containing regimens for these women is at least 20% less potent. All this made the general tone of the meeting pretty somber.
Regarding metabolic studies, although some interesting data were presented, unfortunately, none of it was encouraging. From a clinical perspective, the metabolic presentations that I think were the most important included the following:
Michael Dubé presented data from ACTG 5005,1 the metabolic substudy of ACTG 384. In this study, patients were randomized to receive zidovudine (ZDV, Retrovir) plus lamivudine (3TC, Epivir) or stavudine (d4T, Zerit) plus didanosine (ddI, Videx) with efavirenz (EFV, Sustiva), nelfinavir (NFV, Viracept) or both. The original study was published in the New England Journal of Medicine.2
The hypothesis of ACTG 5005 was that regimens containing the protease inhibitor (PI) nelfinavir would cause hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, as compared to regimens containing efavirenz. This did not happen, and it is this which makes the results interesting.
The primary analysis was performed after 16 and 32 weeks of treatment, but data up to 64 weeks was presented. A summary of the conclusions discussed lipid metabolism: All regimens were associated with increases in fasting lipids. Regimens containing efavirenz or nelfinavir were associated with similar increases. Changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total HDL-C ratio were more favorable with efavirenz, but small in magnitude. Zidovudine/lamivudine tended to have more favorable changes in total-C and non-HDL-C than did didanosine/stavudine; didanosine/stavudine had a more favorable effect on HDL-C.
With regards to glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, as estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), increased modestly in the group as a whole; regimens containing efavirenz and nelfinavir affected HOMA-IR in a similar manner, with no early increases with either agent. The lack of an early increase in HOMA-IR with nelfinavir suggests that acute insulin resistance is not a PI-drug-class effect (which is something that had been long assumed).
Indinavir (IDV, Crixivan) is the PI that produces the most insulin resistance, and it does so really quickly. Zidovudine/lamivudine and didanosine/stavudine-containing regimens affect insulin resistance in a similar manner.
In summary, this study challenges the common belief that all PIs -- that is until atazanavir (ATV, Reyataz) was approved last year -- have similar metabolic effects. It also challenges the idea that these metabolic side effects are mainly mediated through increasing insulin resistance and that NNRTIs are metabolically neutral. None of these assumptions turn out to be completely true.
Lipoatrophy is the most difficult to treat of the metabolic complications associated with HIV and HIV treatment. Nothing seems to work well except switching off some of the antiretrovirals most commonly associated with its development -- stavudine, and, to a lesser degree, zidovudine. Unfortunately not all patients can switch antiretrovirals easily. The other alternative is an expensive surgical procedure which can produce an aesthetically acceptable result in some patients, but ignores the root of the problem.
Rosiglitazone (Avandia), a drug used for the treatment of type II diabetes, has been suggested as a possible therapeutic agent to treat lipoatrophy in HIV-infected individuals. Rosiglitazone belongs to a family of drugs called glitazones. The glitazones are insulin-sensitizing drugs, which tend to increase the storage of fatty acids in peripheral fat tissue and to stimulate a receptor called
Two small studies on rosiglitazone use have been presented so far:
As usually happens in medicine, a positive study gets more publicity than a negative one. Both studies were too small and underpowered to provide any definitive answer regarding how useful this drug is for the treatment of lipoatrophy.
During this conference, Andrew Carr from Australia presented the results of the ROSEY study.5 This study evaluated the use of rosiglitazone for the treatment of lipoatrophy. One hundred eight HIV-1-infected, lipoatrophic adults on antiretroviral therapy were randomized to rosiglitazone 4 mg twice daily (n=53) or matching placebo (n=55) for 48 weeks.
Limb fat increased by 0.14 kg in the rosiglitazone group and 0.18 kg in the placebo group. Rosiglitazone had no significant benefit on any other measure of lipodystrophy.
So, clearly, 48 weeks of rosiglitazone use did not improve lipoatrophy in HIV-1-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy.
However, one issue with this study is that patients were allowed to switch off stavudine and PIs, which the same authors have already demonstrated increases peripheral fat in patients with lipoatrophy. That could have significantly contaminated the results of this trial, although I do not think it would have affected the main results.
Thus the bad news regarding lipoatrophy treatment continues with yet another possible intervention that does not work very well, so lipoatrophy remains a critical concern for patients. The study is important because it dramatically demonstrates that the best way to treat lipoatrophy now is by preventing it through prescribing HIV medications that do not produce it.
Interventions for hyperlipidemia do not seem to do much better than those for lipoatrophy. Judy Aberg6 presented the follow-up data for ACTG 5087 (originally presented in Paris) that compared the administration of fenofibrate (Tricor), pravastatin (Pravachol) or both for the treatment of patients with hyperlipidemia. The benefits were as expected. Fenofibrate is good for patients with hypertriglyceridemia, pravastatin better for hypercholesterolemia and the combination a little bit better for the most severe cases.
The problem was that in most of the cases, the patients did not reach National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)7 goals. The message here is similar to that of the Andrew Carr paper -- prevention is critical because, when someone develops these antiretroviral therapy-associated problems (hyperlipidemia or lipoatrophy), it is quite difficult to get rid of them with treatment. So far, switching antiretrovirals seems to be the best option, although sometimes this is not possible.
Fish oil supplementation also only had modest effects on high triglyceride levels in a randomized trial by the University of North Carolina. David Wohl presented this randomized trial of patients with high triglycerides (200 to 2,000 mg/dL) on HAART and no history of diabetes mellitus.8 Patients were randomized to receive a nutritionist-administered American Heart Association (AHA)-based diet and exercise counseling (week 0 and 4) alone, versus with 3 g of fish oil daily (1,150 mg docosahexaenoic acid [DHA], 1,750 mg eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA], Coromega Inc) for 16 weeks. Fish oil seemed to have modest effects (17% decrease in triglycerides), which in patients with triglyceride increases of 300 to 400% of the normal values, is probably not clinically useful. Again, prevention and a medication switch have been the most effective approaches to this problem.
Although HIV-associated wasting has become rare in the era of HAART, at least in the developed world, it still affects a significant number of patients. Hengge and colleagues presented a study evaluating oxymetholone (Anadrol) for the treatment of this complication.9 In this trial, 89 patients were randomized to receive two different doses of oxymetholone (50 mg two times a day or 50 mg three times a day) or placebo. Patients in the oxymetholone group gained more weight than the patients who received placebo (a couple of kg or 4 pounds). However, this beneficial effect came at a price: an increased frequency of liver abnormalities and a suppression of pituitary gonadotropins (basically decreasing a patient's endogenous production of testosterone). Both are well-known side effects of anabolic steroids, as many major league baseball players can testify to themselves.
The efficacy of this drug is similar to other known interventions for the treatment of this wasting -- such as growth hormones -- and the cost is probably lower. Anabolic steroids are an alternative for the patient with wasting for whom HAART and nutritional supplementation do not work -- fortunately, a small number of individuals, since these medicines frequently have side effects.
During the last couple of years, osteopenia and osteoporosis have become recognized metabolic complications associated with HIV or its treatment. There were only a few presentations related to this topic during this year's conference. There was a poster10 from an Italian group showing improvements of bone turnover with the use of alendronate (Fosamax). However, surprisingly, the investigators did not see clear improvements in dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans of bone mineral density. This study confirms previous results presented last year in Boston11 by the Washington University group and solidifies the evidence that alendronate is a reasonable option for patients with evidence of osteoporosis that warrants treatment.
In a similar way that the development of hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, osteopenia and osteoporosis predispose one to fragility fractures. Although several studies have shown that osteopenia and osteoporosis are frequent among HIV-infected individuals, there have been no studies demonstrating an increased risk of fractures among these patients.
Grace McComsey presented data on the frequency of fragility fractures among HIV-infected patients,12 a potential sign that the elevated prevalence of osteoporosis might have significant clinical implications. Fragility fractures appear to be under-reported. McComsey identified 49 fractures among almost 9,000 patients followed in several clinics in the U.S. There is always the potential for recall bias in this type of study, but it looks like fragility fractures might be a problem.
New data13 was presented regarding the high frequency of obesity in four clinics in Philadelphia, especially among African-American women. Obesity is much more frequent than wasting among HIV-infected individuals in the U.S. Although the prevalence of obesity is lower than in the general population, the numbers are quite concerning -- HIV-infected women and men were equally likely to be overweight (30% versus 31%), however, women were significantly more likely than men to be obese (29% versus 11%). African Americans were more likely to be overweight or obese than non-African Americans.
In a logistic regression model, female sex (RR 2.0), African-American race (RR 1.3), smoking (RR 0.6), and current CD4 (for each 100 cells/?L increment, RR 1.11) were independent predictors of obesity. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for hyperlipidemia, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Obesity present at baseline or acquired during treatment of HIV might be a significant contributor to the metabolic abnormalities associated with HIV or its treatment.
The studies presented at CROI 2004 have not brought us any closer to understanding the metabolic side effects of HIV and its treatment. At this point, the best we can do to deal with these problems is to simply avoid the drugs that cause the most metabolic side effects. Clinicians should always individualize HIV treatment for their particular patient. For patients who already have significant cardiovascular risk factors before they begin treatment (such as obesity, smoking or a family history of heart disease), the preferred choice should be NNRTI-based therapies. The drug regimens to be avoided, if at all possible, are those more commonly associated with the development of hyperlipidemia (such as boosted PIs, perhaps with the exception of atazanavir). For patients concerned about the stigmatization of lipoatrophy, stavudine should be avoided.
|Please note: Knowledge about HIV changes rapidly. Note the date of this summary's publication, and before treating patients or employing any therapies described in these materials, verify all information independently. If you are a patient, please consult a doctor or other medical professional before acting on any of the information presented in this summary. For a complete listing of our most recent conference coverage, click here.
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