text:
We need an #ArmsTreaty now!
The global trade in weapons & ammo is out of control. Governments can change that by agreeing a STRONG #ArmsTreaty.
We will post this one-time message to your account on
March 18 at 10:00AM EDT.
Make the message your own! Customize this tweet.
Control Arms
Estimated social reach added
Spread the word. Invite friends to join the Thunder.
by Control Arms category: Cause
Plain and simple: The global weapons trade is out of control.
Right now, human rights abusers, terrorists, dictators, and war criminals have nearly unrestricted access to AK-47s, grenades, tanks, fighter jets, and all the ammo they could ever want. Because of this, millions of people are killed, injured, raped, and forced to flee from their homes every year.
The unregulated global weapons trade adds fuel to the fire, but this month, the world has a chance to put that fire out.
In the coming weeks, negotiators from around the world will be at the United Nations to resume talks on an Arms Trade Treaty that can help bring the irresponsible weapons trade under control.
In the time it takes you to read this, another person will have died from armed violence. You can do something about it.
Support the Arms Trade Treaty and tell governments to adopt a bulletproof treaty that saves lives and protects livelihoods.
Control Arms
The Control Arms campaign is a global civil society alliance calling for a bulletproof Arms Trade Treaty. The treaty must be a global, legally binding agreement that will ease the suffering caused by irresponsible transfers of conventional weapons and ammunition.


text:
CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title for 2009 qThis ground-breaking resource is strongly recommended for all libraries and health and welfare institutional depots; essential for university collections, especially those catering to social studies programs.q aLibrary Journal, STARRED Review Children and adults spend a great deal of time in activities we think of as qplay, q including games, sports, and hobbies. Without thinking about it very deeply, almost everyone would agree that such activities are fun, relaxing, and entertaining. However, play has many purposes that run much deeper than simple entertainment. For children, play has various functions such as competition, following rules, accepting defeat, choosing leaders, exercising leadership, practicing adult roles, and taking risks in order to reap rewards. For adults, many games and sports serve as harmless releases of feelings of aggression, competition, and intergroup hostility. The Encyclopedia of Play in Today's Society explores the concept of play in history and modern society in the United States and internationally. Its scope encompasses leisure and recreational activities of children and adults throughout the ages, from dice games in the Roman Empire to video games today. With more than 450 entries, these two volumes do not include coverage of professional sports and sport teams but, instead, cover the hundreds of games played not to earn a living but as informal activity. All aspects of playafrom learning to competition, mastery of nature, socialization, and cooperationaare included. Simply enough, this Encyclopedia explores play played for the fun of it! Key Features Available in both print and electronic formats Provides access to the fascinating literature that has explored questions of psychology, learning theory, game theory, and history in depth Considers the affects of play on child and adult development, particularly on health, creativity, and imagination Contains entries that describe both adult and childhood play and games in dozens of cultures around the world and throughout history Explores the sophisticated analyses of social thinkers such as Huizinga, Vygotsky, and Sutton-Smith, as well as the wide variety of games, toys, sports, and entertainments found around the world Presents cultures as diverse as the ancient Middle East, modern Russia, and China and in nations as far flung as India, Argentina, and France Key Themes Adult Games Board and Card Games Children's Games History of Play Outdoor Games and Amateur Sports Play and Education Play Around the World Psychology of Play Sociology of Play Toys and Business Video and Online Games For a subject we mostly consider light-hearted, play as a research topic has generated an extensive and sophisticated literature, exploring a range of penetrating questions. This two-volume set serves as a general, nontechnical resource for academics, researchers, and students alike. It is an essential addition to any academic library.None but Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory has an ESRb rating, and none of the ads contained any kind of rating for the games. ... with parental controls that can be purchased for the child, or the option of restricting access on the childa#39;s phone to anbsp;...
|Encyclopedia of Play in Today's Society
|Rodney P. Carlisle
|SAGE Publications - 2009-04-02
You must register with us as either a Registered User before you can Download this Book. You'll be greeted by a simple sign-up page.
Once you have finished the sign-up process, you will be redirected to your download Book page.How it works:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
True Detective: Why it's OK to kill off Colin Farrell's character
Is Colin Farrell's Ray gone for good? Season 2 of True Detective will be a whole lot more interesting if he doesn't survive his gunshot wounds.
After two tortuously slow outings, True Detective got down to business in the final moments of "Night Finds You." Ray ventured into the Hollywood party pad of dead city planner Caspere and found sex swings, animal heads and a pool of blood. He also found himself on the business end of two gunshot wounds, one at point blank range, at the hands of a person wearing a bird mask. Is Ray dead? Probably not, but if he is, then True Detective Season 2 just earned itself a much-needed gold star.
More:Which True Detective Season 2 character has the most potential?
It's not that I don't like Colin Farrell in the role of compromised cop Ray. It's just that after an hour of watching him systematically lose everything that mattered to him only to finally find some smidgeon of decency left within, it feels appropriate for his story to be done. "We get the world we deserve," Ray told Ani during their car ride, and timing Ray's awakening with his brutal death would signify True Detective is back on its game.
Season 2 can get along just fine without Ray. His death would motivate Ani to channel her anger into something constructive as she seeks vengeance for her temporary, sad sack of a partner. She hardly knew Ray, but their dark banter in the car forged an instant connection between the two. Ani is the closest thing the show has to a hero or a worthy focal point. Ray's death would go a long way in giving her a mission.
More: True Detective Season 2 boasts amazing female characters
Ray himself has nowhere left to go. His redemption arc, such as it was, occurred within the final moments when he exerted a desire to stop taking dirty money from Frank. His son is lost to him, and by his own admittance without his son, there's nothing but an empty shell of a man left. Ray's decision to be a better cop was his aha moment. Given the way he wallows in darkness, there's no happy ending for this man, and he's of better use to the show dead than he is alive.
His death means True Detective is operating on another level this season. Unlike last year, when the action was based in the past, this season is all about immediacy. The story is unfolding right in front of us and sometimes in stories characters meet their makers early to drive the other characters' actions: in this case Ani, who seeks justice, Frank, who would be without an ally, and Paul, who needs a mission. Let Ray's death and wasted life be the tragedy that propels this season forward because it needs some serious propellers.
Until those creepy, final minutes, the second outing was as plodding as the first. It featured even more ridiculous lines ("It's like everything is paper-mache") and exposition about land owners and dirty dealings than the premiere. True Detective has to move forward, and it needs a catalyst to do so. Let Ray be that catalyst.
If he lives, does it do any good for the show or for his character? Ray's hands are too dirty to ever be clean again, he's drowning himself in booze and he's lost his son. Farrell embodied the mess of a man well, but spending an entire season with Ray is no one's idea of a good time. If Ray is dead, the show is not losing an asset, it is gaining momentum.
More: Should you keep watching True Detective?
Sadly, there have been no exit interviews and no solid proof that True Detective pulled off something as daring as offing one of its leads in the second episode, but I would respect the show so much more if it follows through. Let Ani ascend to the top of the narrative food chain with her knives and assertion that she has no need for flies. Let Ray's philosophical ramblings strike enough of a chord with her to spark a desire to find the person behind the bird mask, to bring Frank down and to inspire the still green and in desperate need of direction Paul. That is a True Detective I want to watch. I don't usually advocate unceremonious character deaths, but, in this case, let's just say forget it, Ray, it's True Detective, and move on.


text:
- Home /
- Lowest Rate
Lowest Rate
You can feel confident knowing that PrivateLend.com offers the lowest rates and the most flexible terms in the industry nationwide. We cannot be beat!Back
We get all situations approved
Latest Blog
What To Consider When Shopping For MortgagesPosted by Privatelend.com Mortgages | Jun 27,2016
Are you thinking about purchasing a home? If so, then here are the questions you need to consider before you start shopping for a mortgage. What type of lender do you want to use? Mortgages are available through a wide variety of sources. You can obtain a home loan directly through lenders such as credit unions, mortgage companies, and commercial banks. You can also use a mortgage broker, who can contact lenders for you and present you will several different offers. Read More
Being a new resident from another country and working for yourself can pose a lot of problems financially and I tried a number or people before finding Privatelend. Alicia and Sunny were quick, helpful and just made my life a whole lot easier. I can breathe again. I would recommend anyone to use them in a heartbeat.D & E, North York
Thanks again for getting us back on track with our finances. You are all very pleasant and I have nothing but admiration for your professionalism with us in this big step we have taken at this stage of our life. We wish you the very best always.K & S
I just finished a refinance with privatelend but it would not be complete unless I gave a shout out to my contacted people Alicia and Sunny they were competent ,prompt, easy to contact and very pleasant thanks a bunch girls great job.Wayne from Whitby


text:
Chelsea v Liverpool
Saturday September 17 13, 5:00am AEST
Friday Night Football sees what must surely be the two best sides not competing in Europe this season face off. Chelseasaw their 100% record ruined by Swansea, but they maintained their unbeaten status thanks to a late Diego Costaequaliser.
Meanwhile, Liverpool marked their return to Anfield with an emphatic 4-1 win over the Champions and the Reds have certainly been the side to watch so far this season as their games have seen more goals than anyone else.
All four of Chelsea's games under Antonio Conte have seen more than two goals as they've scored at least twice in each but only kept a clean sheet at home to Burnley. What's more, this is a fixture that tends to produce goals, with both teams netting in nine of their 10 meetings since 2011/12. Both sides have three wins each in this time, but interestingly four of the six wins went to an away team.
Whilst this is Chelsea's first 'big' game under Conte, Liverpool already have a fairly impressive record when travelling to the top teams under Klopp as they won at the Etihad and Stamford Bridge last term and also drew at Spurs, while they beat Arsenal on the opening day of this season as Leicester are the only top-four team to have beaten them. With that in mind, Chelsea look worth taking on at 2.34 and since both teams netted in three of these five games under Klopp with three seeing more than three goals, we're also going to back Over 2.5 Goals.
Liverpool have scored more goals this year than any other Premier League side and with Conte perhaps not yet getting the Chelsea defensive unit up to standard (not helped by the fact that John Terry has been ruled out of this clash) there could be more joy for Firmino, Coutinho and Mane. But with Liverpool defence far from secure, the in-form Costa and Hazard could make hay at the other end.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Over 2.5 Goals at 1.81
West Brom v West Ham
Sunday September 18, 12:00am AEST
The Baggies have picked up four points so far but have managed only two goals, with three of their matches seeing fewer than two goals as they rarely blow teams away but continue to be a well-organised side under Tony Pulis. The same can certainly not be said of West Ham, who have conceded nine goals already and have now conceded at least twice in six of their last seven going back to the end of last season.
West Brom have scored just two goals in their last six at home, losing four of these games, including a 3-0 defeat to the Hammers themselves in their penultimate game at the Hawthorns last term. Their record when hosting sides between 7thand 12th under Pulis is a decent W4-D2-L3 as they netted in eight of the games, but haven't kept a clean in any since the start of last season.
Indeed, since the Hammers have netted in their last 17 but have kept just two clean sheets in their last 14, with Adrian looking very shaky against Watford, both teams to score looks a solid bet here. The Hammers have only won three of their last 16 away games and since West Brom have a decent home record against relevant opposition type, the Baggies may look a tempting price at 2.7 but the fact that they've been poor at home recently whilst the Hammers won four of their trips to sides between 11th and 16th last term puts us off, so we'll stick with both teams to net.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Both Teams to Score at 1.99
Everton v Middlesbrough
Sunday September 18, 12:00am AEST
Having won just two of their final 11 games last term, Everton have had an excellent start to life under Ronald Koeman as they've managed 10 points from their four games and sit in 3rd at this early stage of the season. Middlesbrough have also impressed under Aitor Karanka having only lost once, but this will certainly be their toughest test so far after they've had some lenient fixtures against early strugglers Stoke and Sunderland.
Everton were poor at Goodison Park last term under Roberto Martinez as they lost eight times there, with their problems largely at the back as they averaged 1.8 goals per game but could only keep three clean sheets. However, they've only conceded two goals this term and the Toffees have an excellent W9-D2-L1 record when hosting promoted teams since 2012/13, while Koeman also won all six of his home games against promoted sides at Southampton, conceding just one goal.
Middlesbrough had a W10-D6-L7 record on the road in the Championship last term but could only register seven clean sheets and the fact that they've only stopped notoriously low-scorers West Brom from netting so far this term suggests their defence can be got at. With Romelu Lukaku returning to form with a bang against Sunderland, we think Everton will continue their excellent start to the season here and are backing them to win this one well.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Everton -1 Asian Handicap at 2.35
Hull v Arsenal
Sunday September 18, 12:00am AEST
Hull were favourites to go down ahead of the season but they've certainly exceeded expectations so far as they've picked up seven points from their four games and their only defeat came as a result of a 92nd minute Rashford winner.
After picking up just a point against Liverpool and Leicester, Arsenal have won their last two, but were somewhat fortunate to do so against Southampton as they were awarded a rather dubious stoppage-time penalty. They were also lucky that Edison Cavani was playing up front for PSG in midweek and not Ibrahimovic as they somehow managed to pick up a point after being dominated for large periods.
Hull had a W15-D7-L1 record at the KC Stadium last term and they look to have taken that form into the Premier League with a win over the Champions in their opener and that narrow defeat against United in their last home game. When they were last in the Premier League in 2014/15, the Tigers struggled when hosting top-four sides as they conceded at least three times against Arsenal, Chelsea and City.
Arsenal have lost only four times on the road since the start of last season but they've won just three of their last 12 away, with seven draws in that time. However, their record when travelling to promoted teams is an excellent W9-D3-L0 since 2012/13 as they've kept clean sheets in six of the last nine of these games.
With a number of their star players being rested at the start of the season after their exertions at the Euros and their signings coming late on in the window, we expect Arsenal to improve significantly now after a stuttering start to the season and so we're backing them to keep a fourth clean sheet in their last seven road games and win this one without conceding.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Arsenal to win to Nil at 2.62
Leicester v Burnley
Sunday Septemebr 18, 12:00am AEST
The Champions have endured a tough start to their title defence, picking up just four points from their four games and suffering a 4-1 defeat at Anfield last time out; though they'll be buoyed by their Champions League win over Brugge. Burnley have also picked up four points, but three of their games have been at Turf Moor and they suffered a heavy 3-0 defeat in their only road game, at Stamford Bridge.
Leicester's record at the King Power is W13-D7-L1 since the start of last season and they've now kept nine clean sheets in their last 13 in front of their own fans. When hosting bottom-six teams they were W5-D1-L0 last term with clean sheets in the last four of these games and three 1-0 wins. This ties in with Leicester's transition from being an open side early on in the season to being well-organised defensively and tough to break down as the season went on.
Having won only five of their first 16 on the road in the Championship last term, Burnley went on to win six of their last seven, though four of these were against bottom-six sides and they were winless in their trips to fellow top-six sides, suggesting they could struggle on the road in the top division. That was certainly the case in 2014/15 when they lost 11 of their away games while netting just 14 goals.
Indeed, they failed to score in four of their six trips to sides that finished between 5th and 10th, which is where the Foxes look likely to end up, and with Mendy likely to come back into the team, Ranieri's men should look much more secure defensively and as a result we're backing them to win this without conceding.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Leicester to Win to Nil 2.80
Man City v Bournemouth
Sunday September 18, 12:00am AEST
With their victory in the Manchester Derby and Chelsea's slip up at Swansea, City are now into 1.9 to win the title as they look to continue their 100% record under Pep Guardiola here against a Bournemouth side that picked up their first win of the season with a 1-0 victory over West Brom at home last weekend.
City have won but conceded in both their home games so far, meaning they've only managed two clean sheets in their last nine at the Etihad as they continue to feel the effect of Vincent Kompany's absence. The Citizens have won 29 of 31 unbeaten home games against bottom-six sides since 2011/12 (including their win over Sunderland in their opening game of this season), but have managed just four clean sheets in the 13 of these matches since 2014/15. However, since they've scored an average of 3.6 goals in these games, they haven't had to be too concerned defensively.
Bournemouth have lost 10 of their 21 road games since the start of last season and they had a particularly tough time when travelling to top-six sides as they lost five of these games whilst scoring just two goals, one of which came in a 5-1 thumping at the Etihad and they also trailed at the break in all five of these defeats. As a result, City/City HT/FT looks a standout in this one but the fact that Bournemouth haven't looked the best going forward so far this term, only netting three times, puts us off backing the home win and both teams to score.
Betting Strategy
BACK – City/City HT/FT at 1.84
Watford v Man Utd
Sunday September 18, 9:00pm AEST
Both these sides started poorly last weekend with Watford trailing 2-0 at West Ham while United also went 2-0 down at home to City and could only get one goal back. In contrast Watford mounted a remarkable comeback to win 4-2 at the London Stadium and after a tricky set of fixtures against Southampton, Chelsea, Arsenal and the Hammers, Walter Mazzarri will no doubt be happy with four points and will also regard a point as a good result against United.
Watford's home record is W6-D6-L9 since the start of last season but they've managed just one win in their last nine at home and conceded at least twice in five of their last six. They lost all five of their home matches against top-five sides and we can include their defeats this term against Arsenal and Chelsea within those results, but they did manage to find the net in five of these games and also drew the first half in five as Arsenal are the only side to have beaten them by more than one goal.
Indeed, United have generally taken a while to get going in their games under Mourinho and that was particularly evident in the derby, as they're yet to score within the first 35 minutes. That trend continued in the Europa League as they were beaten 1-0 by Feyenoord, albeit with a slightly weakened side. The Red Devils have been level at the break in 12 of their league road games since the start of last season and have been level at the break in seven of their 12 trips to sides between 11th and 16th since 2014/15 as they only managed to win three of these games. With that in mind the half-time draw is our standout selection in this one as we expect Watford to make United work hard to beat them, as Hull did.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Half Time Draw at 2.3
Crystal Palace v Stoke
Sunday September 18, 11:15pm AEST
Palace picked up only their third win of 2016 at Middlesbrough after they had an excellent end to the transfer window with Benteke joining and Zaha opting to stay at the club. Both found the net against Boro and will hope for more of the same here against a Stoke side that have picked up only one point so far and have now lost seven of their last 10 going back to last season.
Palace in fact have a marginally better record on the road than they do at home since the start of last term as they've lost 11 of their 21 home games in that time, with a lack of goals the problem as they've netted just 20 times and five of those came in one hit against Newcastle. However, with the new additions and an in-form Zaha, this looks like a much better side going forward now.
Jack Butland's absence has certainly hindered Stoke as they've lost seven of the 11 games he's missed since last season whilst conceding an average of 2.6 goals per game, compared with only 11 defeats in the 31 games he started last term and a concession of only 1.2 goals per game.
However, they've also had problems going forward as they've managed a league low seven shots on target from their four games and they're yet to score from open play as their goals have come via a Bojan penalty and a Shaqiri free kick. The Potters have lost seven of their last 11 on the road and as a result we're going to back Palace to make it back-to-back wins for the first time since December 2015 and pile on the misery for Mark Hughes.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Palace to Win at 2.04
Southampton v Swansea
Sunday September 18, 11:15pm AEST
Southampton are still searching for their first win of the season but will regard themselves as very unlucky not to have picked up at least a point at the Emirates in their last game after the Gunners were awarded a dubious stoppage time penalty, but they'll take heart from their comfortable win over Sparta Prague in the Europa League. Swansea, conversely, were perhaps fortunate to pick up a point at home to Chelsea after the Blues were denied a seemingly clear penalty, though the Swans did come from behind to lead 2-1.
Southampton have had a pair of 1-1 draws at home so far this season meaning they've lost only one of their last 12 at St. Mary's, with eight wins in that time as they've netted in all of these games but are without a clean sheet in the last eight. However, their record when hosting sides between 11th and 15th is W7-D2-L1 since 2014/15 as they kept seven clean sheets in these games and led at the break in six, with all seven of their wins by more than one goal as they've been dominant in these fixtures.
While Swansea have been very much an 'unders' side at home under Francesco Guidolin their road games have tended to see more goals, with both teams netting in eight of the 11 and nine seeing more than two goals. Since Southampton are yet to keep a clean sheet this season, we think that trend might continue here and are backing both teams to find the net. Southampton may look a big price at 1.76 given their record when hosting similar sides to Swansea, but we're yet to be convinced that this Saints team is as strong as those under Koeman, so we'll stick with the goals markets for this one.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Both Teams to Score Yes at 1.98
Tottenham v Sunderland
Monday September 19, 1:30am AEST
Spurs put in their first convincing display of the season in winning 4-0 at Stoke but they were undone by a professional Monaco performance at Wembley on Wednesday night. Back at White Hart Lane, their fans will be hoping for a better showing against David Moyes's Sunderland, who have picked up just a single point so far and were well beaten 3-0 at home to Everton last time out. The former Man United manager has already been backed into third favourite in the sack race and really has endured a torrid time since he left Everton.
Spurs' record at White Hart Lane is W11-D7-L3 since the start of last season as they've been excellent defensively at home, keeping nine clean sheets. When hosting bottom-six teams they're W9-D0-L3 under Pochettino but they've only kept five cleans sheets in these games and yet the last four of these wins were all by more than one goal.
Sunderland have only won three of their 21 road games since the start of last season, conceding 45 goals with only two clean sheets. Their record when travelling to top-six teams is W0-D3-L9 since 2014/15, but they were level at the break in nine of these games and managed to score in six of the last seven. Indeed, since six of Spurs' seven goals this season have come in the second half, while Sunderland have managed to net in three of their four games, we're going to back Draw/Spurs HT/FT and also Spurs to win and both teams to score.
Betting Strategy
BACK – Draw/Spurs HT/FT at 4.5
BACK – Spurs to Win and Both Teams to Score at 3.3
Related Articles
EPL Season 2016/17: Week 2
We're backing the Hammers, who'll likely be boosted by the return of star man PayetRead More
EPL Season 2016/17: Week 3
West Ham look very short of attacking options and as a result we expect City to pick up their ...Read More
EPL Season 2016/17: Week 4
We're backing Liverpool to mark their return to Anfield with a big win.Read More


text:
This complete harrow assembly includes one blanket harrow, one 3PT Cat. 1 harrow carrier and one draw bar.
Available in three sizes:4'W x 4'L | 4' x 4' blanket harrow, 3PT Cat. 1 harrow carrier, 4' Drawbar; 140 lbs.6'W x 6'L | 6' x 6' blanket harrow, 3PT Cat. 1 harrow carrier, 6' Drawbar; 250 lbs.
Blanket harrows and rakes break up and smooth uneven ground surfaces, extending the life and usefulness of arenas, turf, race tracks, driveways and roads. Use to renovate your pastures, incorporate fertilizer, prepare seed beds, and maintain dirt and gravel surfaces. 1/2" blanket harrows are ideal for pasture renovation, seedbed preparation, chemical & fertilizer incorporation, grass & turf maintenance for parks, golf courses, sports fields, dirt & gravel maintenance for ball diamonds, race tracks, roads, driveways and rodeo arenas.
Design | Approach | Barn Pros


text:
If you have already applied to the University of Chester or are thinking about it, questions about our accommodation have probably already crossed your mind...
In the past, we have posted blogs about what's included in our accommodation, shared student's images of their rooms on social media, talked about the extra support you get from your Hall Wardens, and most recently had two of our student ambassadors post their experience of moving in day. But one of the biggest questions we get asked is, what sort of accommodation do we have to offer?
You'll be glad to know that we have a range of accommodation options available to suit everyone's individual budgets and needs. There is no better way to get a feel for our accommodation than by visiting us and seeing it first-hand. If you can't make one of our Open or Applicant Days, read on.
In Chester, for our Parkgate Road, Kingsway, Queens Park, Riverside and Thornton students, we have four different board types.
These halls are spread around the city, normally within close proximity to the Parkgate Road Campus. Some are also located in the town centre and nearer to our Riverside Campus. Self-catering accommodation usually houses up to six students, sharing a kitchen, bathroom and dining area. Some do have en-suite-bathrooms, like in Hollybank Court, and others are self-contained studio flats, like Grosvenor House.
Most of the bedrooms are single and the communal areas are normally cleaned once a week. Residents in our Self-Catered halls do not need to vacate the accommodation during Christmas and Easter, meaning the contract lengths are 41 weeks for the year. Prices vary from £81.20 per week up to £138.25 per week. You can find out more information about our Self-Catered halls here.
Semi-Catered residences tend to be much closer to or on the Parkgate Road Campus. This type of halls can accommodate anywhere between 10-40 students, with kitchens and communal areas provided in each block.
Your lunch and evening meals are provided and served in the Whites Dining Room on the Parkgate Road Campus. Most of the bedrooms are single and a small number have their own toilet and en-suite facilities. Much like in the Self-Catered halls, the communal areas are normally cleaned once a week.
Contract lengths are 41 weeks, as you won't be required to move out at Christmas and Easter and the rent can vary from £121.10 per week up to £131.25 per week. You can find out more information about our Semi-Catered halls here.
Full Board
Full Board is one of our most popular choices and can really help you budget. These halls of residence are mainly on the Parkgate Road Campus and range from Victorian houses to purpose built halls. Rooms are single and the majority of them have en-suite bathrooms, while the remainder have shared communal bathrooms.
In most cases the accommodation blocks have common areas provided where students can make hot drinks; make simple microwave meals and wash crockery and utensils. Ironing boards are provided, and rooms and communal areas are normally cleaned once a week.
Residents are required to vacate their rooms during the Christmas and Easter holiday, making the contract length 35 weeks. Your breakfast, lunch and evening meals are provided each day in the Whites Dining Room and the prices can vary from as little as £114 per week up to £159 per week. You can find out more information about our Full Board halls here.
We also offer partnership accommodation to anyone studying at one of our Chester Campuses. For the year 2017/18, we have three partnership accommodation units to select from as part of the application process. The partnership is run on a referral basis with two companies: Fresh Student Living and Host.
All three sites offer modern, high specification accommodation that provide a mix of en-suite cluster flats and en-suite studio apartments. You can find out more on our website here.
If you are looking to study one of our Warrington courses, we have two different board types to pick from, Self-Catered or Semi-Catered. The details for these are much the same as those for our Chester Campuses and you can find out more, including costs and contract lengths on our website here.
Want to Know More?
If you have any questions relating to studying at the University of Chester, just get in touch - we'll be more than happy to help.
T: 01244 511000 E: email@example.com
Visit Us
If you'd like to come and visit the University of Chester, there are plenty of ways to do it. If you have already applied, then we encourage you to visit on one of our Applicant Days. We also host Campus Tours and Open Days throughout the year. Book your place online, or get in touch with us to arrange a visit.
T: 01244 512800 E: email@example.com


text:
Learn about your government and public policy issues. Help make democracy work.
Membership in the League of Women Voters is open to all citizens (men and women) of voting age. Associate membership is open to young people and noncitizens.
You can give us all the information to begin your membership by printing and completing the membership form and sending it to LWVCC.
You may request a new member packet by contacting us at firstname.lastname@example.com and asking us to mail it to you.
Individual $55 + $2 = $57
Household $80 + $3 = $83 (Two Adults residing at the same address)
Student $25 + $1 = $26 (18-25 years old)
Additional Donation
How much time does it take?
It's up to you! Many members choose to support the League only with their annual dues. Your membership alone gives us the political influence needed to build a voice for citizens and a force for change. We cover a broad spectrum of issues and concerns; you may choose to become involved in one or more of them by actively participating in a group study, or listening to a panel of experts at a meeting or just reading about them in one of our publications.
What do I get?
You automatically become a member of LWV Massachusetts and LWV of the United States. You will receive their publications along with the newsletter from the Concord-Carlisle, Massachusetts League of Women Voters called BULLETIN which is usually published 4 times each year. You will have the knowledge that you are adding your voice to a powerful force of members from all 50 states, Washington DC, the Virgin Islands, and Hong Kong.
Other questions? Please email email@example.com. We'd like to hear from you!


text:
- Calories 703
- Calories from fat 159
- Protein 41g
- Carbohydrate 80g
- Sugar 14g
- Fiber 8g
- Fat 18g
- Sat fat 5g
- Sodium 1531mg
- Cholesterol 79mg
Mussels With Tomatoes and Olives
Quentin Bacon
How to Make It
Step 1
Melt the butter in a large pot over medium heat. Add the garlic, onion, ½ teaspoon salt, and ¼ teaspoon pepper. Cook until just tender, 4 to 5 minutes.
Step 2
Add the wine and simmer until slightly reduced, 2 to 3 minutes. Stir in the tomatoes and olives.
Step 3
Add the mussels and cook, covered, until they open, 3 to 4 minutes. Discard any that remain closed. Stir in the parsley.
Step 4
Divide the mussels and cooking liquid among bowls. Serve with the bread.


text:
WWD Giveaways
Show your support for a chance to win by attending our Meetups or by using #TeamWWD, @womenwithdrive and tagging us on social media. Engage in our GolfMatch groups and connect with other WWD members on the course! GET INVOLVED NOW!
Partner Discounts
All #TeamWWD members receive access to our exclusive partner discounts, ranging from 30% to 50% off! Message us on Instagram, GolfMatch or by email email@example.com for access to our members page.


text:
Park Shin Hye's 10 most strikingly beautiful ads
Happy Birthday, Park Shin Hye! The beautiful and talented actress turned 25 (Korean age 26) on February 18. For her young age, she's had a string of popular dramas. Actors like Lee Min Ho and Kim Soo Hyun may still lead in ad endorsements, but Park Shin Hye is not far behind. As we wish her happy birthday, let's also take a look at some of her most strikingly beautiful ads.
1, Lotte Duty Free
2. Mamond:
3. Mind Bridge fashion selected her as its new brand ambassador in 2015:
4. Millet Sport: (click on the link for more photos of her with Lee Jong Suk)
5: Viki, also just added for 2015
6. Bruno Maglio:
See Park Shin Hye in her most recent drama, Pinocchio:
8. Agatha Paris jewelry: (The bracelet in the second photo is only $76.)
9. Rapido China:
10. Median Dental Care
Clearly the advertisers love her, and we love her too!
Happy Birthday, Park Shin Hye, and we wish more successes for you in the coming year!


text:
Museum Aircraft
Hawker Hunter Mk3
The Hunter in which Neville Duke flew to secure his world air speed record of 727 mph in 1953. This unique aircraft was ordered in June 1948 as one of three prototypes and first flown by Hawker's Chief Test Pilot, Squadron Leader Neville Duke, in July 1951. In early 1953, WB188 was fitted with side-mounted airbrakes, extra fuel tanks in the wings and a new reheated version of the Avon engine – at which point she became known as the sole Hunter Mk 3. On 7th September 1953, Neville Duke took off from Tangmere to set up a new world air speed record of 727.63 mph along a course between Bognor and Littlehampton. One month later, WB188 came to the end of its flying life and was transferred to RAF Halton as an instructional airframe. She was employed as the gate guardian at Melksham and Abingdon from 1961 to 1964 and then displayed at a museum at RAF Colerne until 1975 when she moved to the RAF Museum at Cosford. The aircraft has been on loan to Tangmere since September 1992.


text:
The Danish Embassy in London was designed by the famous Danish architect Arne Jacobsen. It is a purpose-built embassy in a strong, modernist design, which houses the chancellery functions as well as the ambassador's residence. Henrik Mouritzen, who worked on the project for four years, describes the layout and intentions of the building.
The Danish Embassy was up to 1977 located in several buildings in Pond Street and Cadogan Square. Due to the inconvenience of this arrangement and the fact that the leases were about to expire, it was decided to build a new embassy encompassing all chancellery functions and the ambassador's residence.
The Danish Embassy on Sloane Street in 2014 (Photo: Kåre Gade / Danish MFA).
Cadogan Estate, the prime landowner in Chelsea, planned to develop a speculative office block in Sloane Street and offered to construct a building which incorporated the Embassy's requirements. However, as Cadogan Estate was unable to carry out the scheme, the site was offered to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on a 99-year lease for them to build a new building to suit the Embassy's requirements.
The brief for the embassy was prepared by The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Embassy headed by the then ambassador Erling Kristiansen. In 1969 Architect Professor Arne Jacobsen's office was appointed to do the architectural design, in line with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' then policy to use venerated Danish architects when establishing representations abroad. Following Arne Jacobsen's death in 1971 the design was carried on by the practice under the name of Dissing+Weitling, working with Ove Arup Partnership in London, which was appointed as the Engineering and Quantity Surveying consultants.
In November 1971, after demolishing the existing buildings, the Danish Government temporarily postponed the development due to economic reasons. The empty site was then for four years leased to a car parking firm to minimise the economic loss. The project and thus the design was revived in 1973, with the architects in Copenhagen and the engineers/quantity surveyors in London, a situation which required frequent visits to London. In 1974 this lead to the establishment of an office for the undersigned in Ove Arup's premises in London to facilitate design coordination, negotiations with the authorities and tendering for the work.
An obvious problem was to fit in a fairly large building (approx. 6500 m2) into the relatively small scale of the neighbouring buildings. The design was made in respect to the scale and the traditional composition of buildings in the area, while at the same time creating a functional entity encompassing the embassy's fairly strict requirements and, naturally, creating a contemporary building.
9 June 1975. The Danish Queen Margrethe ll lays the foundation stone (Photo: Henrik Mouritzen).
This resulted in a 6 floor main building towards Sloane Street; with the lower four floors protruding to the height of the parapets of the adjoining buildings, the upper two floors set back to visually respect this level. The elevation towards Sloane Street is divided vertically into five bays reflecting the party walls of the former buildings (as seen in the narrow adjoining houses) as well as horizontal divisions into four levels matching dimensions and decorative details of the adjoining houses. Towards Pavilion Road the building is in two storeys, matching the scale of the adjoining mews houses. The courtyard created between the two buildings mirrors the courtyard across Hans Street.
Rear elevation seen from courtyard. Note the original colour (Photo: Henrik Mouritzen).
The original colours of the building were chosen to blend in with the colours of the surrounding buildings. The cladding of the three office floors and the mews upper floor is made from aluminium. The cladding was sprayed in a light sand yellow colour with the recesses and top floor in a darker sepia brown colour to emphasise the buildings modelling. The colour has since been changed.
The ground floor, enclosed by a grey bushhammered concrete wall for security reasons, is detailed in an ashlar type pattern based on the basic design module. The grey concrete and the modular pattern are continued in the visible structural walls. To lessen the rather harsh appearance of the ground floor wall towards Sloane Street, the artist Ole Schwalbe created a mural reflecting the decorative details of the buildings in the area to fit the basic design module.
Ole Schwalbe's mural reflects the decorative details of the buildings in the area (Photo: Henrik Mouritzen).
After the start of construction, following the increase of IRA bombings in England, additional security arrangements had to be made. Furthermore, due to strikes resulting in frequent power failures, a standby generator was included.
The building's function is straightforward: The main entrance faces Sloane Street and gives access to the chancellery with the visa and information department on the ground floor. Access to the ambassador's residence is from Hans Street via an entrance hall and lifts. Originally this entrance hall also gave separate access to a lecture and exhibition hall on the ground floor, thus allowing for venues independent of chancellery and outside office hours. Today this hall is part of the Icelandic Embassy with a separate entrance on the corner of Hans Street.
The fifth floor contains the ambassador's semi-private reception rooms, which can be linked and used alone or together, including the dining room adjacent to the kitchen and support facilities. The reception rooms open out to a generous balcony facing Cadogan Garden. Two bays have small conservatories for special plants. To the rear is a more private study with access to a balcony facing west. The sixth floor is the ambassador's private area.
The Embassy's terrace and staff flats in 2014 (Photo: Kåre Gade / Danish MFA).
The mews building contains four flats for embassy staff. One bay houses the canteen kitchen. The courtyard allows vehicular access from Hans Street to the ambassador's residence. From Pavilion Road there is trade and staff access to parking garage in basement. Part of the courtyard is covered by terraces accessible from the canteen which links the two building and covers the party wall to the neighbouring property.
A two stage tendering procedure was adopted to speed up work, which means that a main contractor, doing the preparatory work and the coordination of sub-contractors work, was appointed first and nominated sub-contractors subsequently chosen through separate tenders. This procedure meant loads of negotiations and vital design coordination, which again required that the detailed design be carried out in close corporation with engineers and contractors, leading to the establishment of an on-site design office in 1976.
Henrik Mouritzen on the Embassy's terrace in 2014 (Photo: Kåre Gade / Danish MFA).
The construction work began in April 1975. Three foundation stones were laid in June same year by Queen Margrethe II, Lord Cadogan and Ambassador Erling Kristiansen and the building was handed over to the Embassy in September 1977.
Ambassador Jens Christensen was appointed in 1977. Ambassador Erling Kristiansen, the then doyen of the Diplomatic Corps, who had been the primus motor of the project, never came to live in the new residence.
Henrik MouritzenJob architect, London
Fill out the form to send a mail with a link to the current page:


text:
Brief Summary
- Mix powder with water
- Take before bed
- Allow at least an hour between food or other supplements and HGH
Benefits of HGH
HGH supplements are designed to maximise the body's own production of human growth hormone, safely and legally, without the use of synthetic drugs or hormones.
HGH optimises strength and the rate at which our bodies lay down muscle. It also speeds up the metabolism and reduces body fat. People with higher levels of HGH recover more quickly from exercise, injury, and illness, have more energy and increased endurance, sleep better and have stronger bones. Higher levels of natural HGH can keep you looking and feeling younger, and performing at your peak.
Our natural HGH production peaks at the age of twenty, and decreases by 15% every decade, which makes use of an HGH booster a great option for men who are getting older and want to get the most out of their training.
Unlike hormonal HGH replacement, which in this country is illegal without a prescription, and comes with a number of unpleasant and dangerous side effects, most natural HGH boosters are based on amino acids and carry very few, if any adverse effects.
A landmark study conducted by Dr. A. Isidori at the University of Rome in 1981 showed that a mixture of amino acids L-Lysine and Arginine Pyroglutamate boosted natural HGH production by a whopping 700% in healthy male volunteers. This simple combination of amino acids is the basis of the most successful HGH supplements.
An HGH supplement is a safe and easy way to get the most out of your body's own natural hormone production.
How to take HGH
1.2g of L-Lysine and 1.2g of Arginine Pyroglutamate is considered to be the optimal dose of these hormone-stimulating aminos. Bestselling HGH booster, Elemental Nutrition HGH combines a whopping 2g of each amino acid with 25mg of niacin, which is also considered to be a potent stimulator of HGH. This supplement, like most HGH supplements, comes as a powder which dissolves easily in water to make a cordial-style drink. The amount of water used to mix HGH can be decreased from the recommended amount to reduce the need to get up during the night. An amino-based HGH supplement does not need to be cycled, but some men report benefit from taking two weeks off every eight weeks or so.
Best time to take HGH
An HGH supplement is best taken once a day, before bed, which is when the body repairs itself and lays down muscle. HGH is best absorbed on an empty stomach, so wait at least an hour, after food, night time protein, or other amino acid supplements.


text:
Red and Processed Meats Cause Cancer
Red and Processed Meats Cause Cancer
Red and processed meat products are linked to cancer, according to a report from the World Health Organization published today in Lancet Oncology. Researchers from around the world examined more than 800 studies looking at the cancer-causing properties of red and processed meats. The authors highlighted a meta-analysis that found a 17 percent increase in risk for colon cancer per 100 grams of red meat consumed and an 18 percent increase risk with 50 grams of processed meat consumed, and ultimately concluded that they are "probably carcinogenic to humans" and "carcinogenic to humans," respectively. Researchers also observed associations between red and processed meat products and stomach, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Processing and other cooking methods for meat, including curing, pan-frying, and smoking, produce various carcinogenic chemicals.
Subscribe to the Physicians Committee's Breaking Medical News.
Breaking Medical News is a service of the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, 5100 Wisconsin Ave., Ste. 400, Washington, DC 20016, 202-686-2210. Join the Physicians Committee and receive the quarterly magazine, Good Medicine.


text:
September 8, 2008
Sembcorp Marine gets two rig jack-up order from Egypt
Singapore's PPL Shipyard, a subsidiary of Sembcorp Marine, has secured a contract from Egyptian Offshore Drilling Company, S.A.E. (EODC) for the construction of two jack-up rigs for a total around US$425 million.
The first unit is scheduled to be delivered at the end of the fourth quarter of 2010 while the second will be delivered by end of the first quarter of 2011. On deliveries, these rigs will be contracted for offshore operations in Egypt.
The two high performance jack-up rigs will be built based on PPL Shipyard's Pacific Class 375 proprietary design and proprietary components. Each will be equipped to drill high pressure and high temperature wells at 30,000 feet whilst operating in 375 feet of water and will have accommodations with full catering and amenities for 120 persons.


text:
Gauteng DestinationsConstantia Park, Pretoria
The leafy and well established suburb of Pretoria, Constantia Park, lies some 15 kilometres from the centre of Pretoria to the south-east of the city.
Constantia Park is a pretty suburb with modern homes just down the road from the Menlyn Shopping Centre, the largest mall in Pretoria packed with shops, movie houses, restaurants and coffee shops - providing plenty to do and see. Your access to the N1 from here is also good, so getting around Pretoria and through to Johannesburg is relatively easy.
Both the Groenkloof Nature Reserve, a green space right in the heart of the suburbs of Pretoria with a network of hiking and mountain bike trails, and the Rietvlei Nature Reserve, one of the worlds largest urban nature reserves, are close enough to warrant an outing.
Youre also fairly close to the Waterkloof golf course, the Zwartkops golf course, built around the Hennops River in Centurion, and the Wingate park golf course, making Constantia Park an obvious choice for the golf club fanatic.
Pretoria is not short of things to do. The city centre has a wealth of museums, historic buildings and monuments. There is also the zoo, a favourite amongst visitors, particularly because of the cable car, which provides a birds eye view of the lion enclosure and is great fun for kids.
The bird park in the Nieu Muckleneuk Trim Park is a wonderful green outing that has a playground for little ones, a wonderful lookout point to study the array of birds here and a restaurant. If youre a bird lover, or just need a tranquil break from it all, this is one of the hidden gems of Pretoria.


text:
For the first time, a donated liver has been kept viable outside the body of a donor and then later successfully transplanted into another human being.
British doctors, engineers, and surgeons made the announcement on Friday, acknowledging the procedure, which was performed at King's College Hospital (KCH) in London last month, has been performed successfully on two patients, who are both doing well.
The new procedure preserves the liver at body temperature instead of putting it on ice and "perfuses" it with a new machine, supplementing the organ with oxygenated red blood cells.
Constantin Coussios, one of the machine's co-inventors, said:
This device is the very first completely automated liver perfusion device of its kind. These first clinical cases confirm that we can support human livers outside the body, keep them alive and functioning on our machine and then, hours later, successfully transplant them into a patient. It was astounding to see an initially cold, grey liver flushing with color once hooked up to our machine and performing as it would within the body. What was even more amazing was to see the same liver transplanted into a patient who is now walking around.
Until now, the procedure had been to keep livers on ice so their metabolism would slow, but often the livers became damaged as a result. The existing method resulted in an average shelf-life of about 14 hours, possibly 20, before the organ deteriorated. More than 2,000 livers are lost to the process each year because of oxygen deprivation or the damage they get from being kept cold.
Doctors said that the new procedure could double the amount of available livers for transplant, which would be welcome news to the 30,000 patients who need a new liver in Great Britain and the U.S. There are currently only 13,000 available.
The new method could also prove a reprieve for livers which were deemed unfit for transplantation. The British team is planning to do 20 more liver transplant patients at KCH. If they go well, the device the team used could be on the market as early as 2014.


text:
Climbing Wall
Carleton's 30ft high rock wall is molded granite simulating actual climbing surfaces from a mold of Minnehaha Falls, near Minneapolis. It has five climbing ropes available, and offers four different levels: beginner, intermediate, advanced and lead.
Climbing Rules
- Our wall is available for use by Carleton community during specified hours of the day. Four approach levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced, and lead) allow all climbers free access to the wall during specific times. Check-in for the wall is located at the front entrance counter. All climbers must be registered with the Climbing Program before they can participate in open climbing. Climbers must check in with the front counter each time they climb.
- First time user/beginner climbers must attend a wall orientation session. Sessions will be held daily Monday to Friday. The orientation includes instruction, harness and climbing shoes. Beginner climbers are encouraged to practice their belay skills (holding the other end of the climbers rope) with staff supervision and move to advanced climber as soon as possible. Beginner climbers are NOT allowed to belay other climbers without staff supervision.
- Advanced or lead climbers may belay other climbers during open climbing times. To be an advanced or lead climber the person must have passed an annual climbing test. You must pass with 100% correct to receive your card certifying advanced climber status on the recreation center wall. Lead climbing will only be allowed during specific times. Advanced or lead climbers must not allow beginners to belay.
- Wall Fees - There is no charge on equipment for the climbing wall.
- Climbing Wall Hours of Operations: Posted at the start of each term.
- New Climber and Beginner Assistance available each term.
- Group climbing: Private-climbing sessions during off peak times available for a fee. The center will provide the instructor and equipment.
- Climbers may use their own harness and shoes with the understanding that they take full responsibility for the safety of their equipment.
Students, Faculty, Staff can use climbing equipment for free. Use your own gear at your own risk.
Annual Safety Checks
Due to the challenge of creating a safe climbing environment, you are required to demonstrate an adequate skill level ANNUALLY in order to have access to the climbing wall. Please note that this skills check is good for 12 months following the date of completion.
Eligibility to Access the Climbing Wall
You must be a current member of Carleton College and be a minimum of 16 years of age. In our efforts to manage your safety, we require that you come to the wall with a partner during open climbing times.
Bouldering Wall
The bouldering wall was installed in the summer of 2005 and its walls are 12ft high. A textured rubber mold was pushed over drying concrete plaster to create a rough surface and the flooring consists of recycled car tires six inches deep. Climbing routes are marked with tape and emphasis is on lateral motion. In addition, the bouldering wall does not require ropes or working with a partner.


text:
The Basement Mechanic's Guide to Testing Perpetual Motion Machines
There seems to be a growing interest in perpetual motion machine invention as a hobby. Basement tinkerers build overbalanced wheels, magnet motors, and cyclic hydraulic devices, pursuing the holy grail of achieving a device with a power efficiency greater than one (over-unity, they call it). Too often their ingenuity of design is not matched by equal ingenuity at testing the device, which is absolutely necessary to determine whether they are onto something. It's also necessary to convince any skeptic that your machine is worth serious attention. Furthermore, in science we don't take any hypothesis seriously unless it is in principle falsifiable.
Putting it more bluntly, anyone who has a perpetual motion idea is obligated to state without equivocation or obfuscation what experiment could be performed that might show that it is a flawed idea. If he cannot do that, he cannot expect anyone to take it seriously.
1. Testing is as important as inventing.So you've built a prototype perpetual motion machine? It seems promising, but how can you test its operation and its output/input efficiency? You need a way to compare its efficiency with that of ordinary machines, and to compare improved versions of your PMM with earlier versions, to see whether you are making progress in the right direction. You wouldn't want to waste time re-inventing the square wheel.
Many pitfalls await the unwary experimenter. Any machine novel enough to be PMM may have characteristics that make measurements difficult, and which can even fool ordinary measuring instruments.
You've blown your budget on expensive magnets, low-friction bearings and construction parts, and have little left over for sophisticated measuring equipment. Fortunately there are many inexpensive ways to test your inventions that are good enough for your needs, and, far more important, are not subject to large indeterminate error.
2. Purely Mechanical Devices.
One might have thought that overbalanced wheels, the first kind of perpetual motion machine, were a relic of history. But it only takes a casual search of the internet to discover that the idea is still very much alive. In spite of a long record of past failures, some inventors still hold out hope that some new combination of mechanisms and improvements will be discovered that will at last achieve the desired performance, in defiance of the known laws of physics.
So there sits your invention, a wheel, perhaps, with shifting weights in the form of hammers, levered weights, rolling balls, springs, and other embellishments. You give it a spin and it continues turning for quite a long time before stopping. You are encouraged by this. Of course it eventually stops turning because of that pesky friction, air drag, and other dissipative processes. But friction can always be reduced, improving performance. Is the idea worth improving and refining? After all, the Wright brothers' first "flight" didn't get very far off the ground.
I assume your wheel doesn't start itself, or you wouldn't have to give it an initial push. That push represents input work—a form of energy. After that push the wheel displays kinetic energy of rotation. Some of that energy is slowly lost in friction. The bottom line is this: does the output energy (including that lost through the processes of friction) exceed the input energy?
I also assume your machine slows continually and always comes to a stop, or you wouldn't be reading this, you'd be reaping the rewards of your genius. That tells you that it isn't yet producing more energy than that dissipated by friction and other processes.
Unfortunately the thermal energy (and sound energy) resulting from friction is difficult to measure. Perhaps we should reformulate the problem.
What you really want to know is whether your wheel's special features (those shifting weights, for example) actually improve the performance over an identical wheel that does not allow the weights to shift. If so, then the shifting weights really are improving performance. If not, then you are fooling yourself in thinking they were a good idea.
Suppose you gave the wheel an initial push, putting in a known amount of energy. Measure how long it takes to come to a stop. Then secure those shifting weights so they can't move, and do it again. [Use string, wire, or duct tape to secure them in place.] If those moving weights were really improving performance, the wheel should now come to a stop sooner than before. If the wheel with the weights immobile spins longer, then clearly the moving weights weren't helping.
You could imagine a pair of identical wheels side by side, one with the weights immobilized. Drive both shafts with a friction drive on a small motor, so they reach the same rpm. Remove the driving motor. Now see which one stops first.
Can we apply this same principle without building an identical wheel? If the shifting weights are improving performance they must be supplying energy during wheel rotation. This extra energy compensates for some of the lost energy due to friction. The same should be happening during the initial acceleration. The "higher performing" wheel should require less energy to get it to up a certain rpm than an ordinary wheel.
Method 1. Spring driven.Obtain a suitable spring to give the wheel an initial spin. The spring from a mouse or rat trap is ideal. Attach it in such a way that the wheel may be given a reproducible initial position, then release it to power the wheel and, finally, disengage itself to allow the wheel to continue to turn without impediment. School students in science classes often use this method to power model cars for various competitions.
Method 2. Weight driven.We can also utilize a method often used in freshman physics laboratories. Provide the initial acceleration to the wheel with a weight falling a certain distance. The wheel probably has an axle. Put a peg in the axle, and fasten a string on that peg. Wind up the string around the axle. Hang a weight on the other end of the string. Now tinker a bit, so that the weight is large enough to give a brisk rpm to the wheel as the weight "falls" to the floor, but takes a reasonably long time to do so, perhaps at least 5 or 10 seconds.
The comparison.Whichever method you use, make sure the wheel gets moving fast enough that the wheel's performance enhancing mechanisms are actually operating. Now time the weight's fall with a good stopwatch in two cases: (1) with all your performance enhancing mechanisms working and (2) with those mechanisms disabled.
Be sure that the weight of the entire wheel is the same in both cases and that nothing alters the bearing friction.
For a specific example, see Testing a SMOT.
If those mechanisms are really helping the motion, compensating somewhat for friction, then the time of fall with those mechanisms working should be smaller than when the mechanisms are disabled. If it's the other way around, you'd better rethink the whole idea, for those mechanisms are degrading performance, wasting energy rather than producing energy.
3. Dynamometers.I have never heard a perpetual motion machine inventor mention dynamometers or deProny brakes. These devices are standard methods used even today for measuring power output of machines. But then, I shouldn't be surprised, for the perpetual motion scene is populated by people ignorant of mechanics, engineering, mathematics and physics.
See: Dynamometer, and de Prony Brake in the Wikipedia. See also Prony Brake.
When I was a college student in the 1950s the Freshman physics course included a laboratory experiment that used a de Prony Brake dynamometer. Physics students today spend their lab time using fancy electronic measuring devices and may never learn traditional basic laboratory skills. This fosters a "black box" mentality that trusts someone else to provide the high-tech measuring devices, and someone else to calibrate and repair them, without ever inquiring what's in them and why they work as they do.
The principle of the brake is simple. A leather strap passes over a wheel that is driven by the machine, its ends held fixed, with a simple method for measuring belt tension (spring balance or suspended weight). You also need a tachometer to measure the wheel's angular speed (rpm). Then, using elementary physics:
P = τ ω
P = F v
P is the power in watts
The belt tension is adjusted until the wheel turns at its intended operating speed under load. The tachometer measures the shaft angular velocity. The beauty of this method is that it measures the power output of a machine under realistic load, at the speed the machine is expected to maintain if it were doing useful work. I've seen allegedly over-unity machines being run without load, which tells us nothing useful about the machine's work output or efficiency.
Anyone can build a dynamomter testing rig using inexpensive materials. Of course it isn't of any use if your PPM device doesn't maintain its motion for long enough to measure its rpm. Maybe that's why we never hear of this method being used to measure power output of a perpetual motion device.
4. Reactionless drives and "internal propulsion".A rather esoteric error has been made by inventors who weighed a spinning wheel or vibrating device, and found that it seemed to weigh less when running than when stationary.
It's that old nemesis of perpetual motion machine inventorsfriction. Back in the heyday of spiritualism, some gullible people were taken in by the classic "five finger lift" in which five persons lift another, using only one finger each. The trick depends on human physiology. When five people try to lift a rather cumbersome and non-rigid object like a person, their efforts are uncoordinated. But when they are told to take a deep breath, count to three and then lift in unison, the task is easy. But spiritualists thought it was due to some sort of spiritual or psychic "energy". Spiritualists did tests with an industrial mechanical scale large enough for six people to stand on. They found that the weight registered by the scales after the lift was slightly less than that before the lift. Any first-year physics or chemistry student used to working with mechanical balance scales would know the reason. Even the best scales have residual mechanical friction and hysteresis. So when balanced, then moved off balance, the scale doesn't return exactly to its original balance point. Experienced workers compensate for this by tapping the scale's housing till the truer balance is achieved. When the five finger lift was done on the industrial scale, the act of lifing the person suddenly unbalanced the scale toward a larger weight, and when the lift was complete, the scale slowly returned toward its balance point, but stopped short of that and did not register the correct weight. This is just one of the things that can mislead inexperienced users of mechanical scales.
Balance scales and even electronic balances can also be fooled by vibrations, due to mechanical "stiction" (the "stick and slip" phenomenon of friction). The scale itself is affected by nonlinear phenomena in its mechanism, and these can often display resonance peaks, dependent on the frequency of the vibrations. So a running motor on a balance scale may indeed seem to weigh less when it's running. That has fooled many people, and is one of the reasons for the strange results when Norman Dean demonstrated his "reactionless" drive of the early 1960s.
Dean's machine could sit on a floor or table, and slowly crawl along, or so he claimed. It could even move up a very slight incline. So "with a little more work" he hoped to make one that could be turned on its side, and levitate up away from the floor. That never happened.
What is happening is due to "stiction", the "stick and slip" phenomenon of friction. The coefficient of static friction is generally larger than the coefficient of sliding friction. A standard physics demonstration, the tablecloth pull, uses objects arranged on a tablecloth. When the cloth is pulled slowly, the objects move along with it, since the maximum value of static friction has not been reached and sliding doesn't initiate. But when the cloth is yanked quickly, the threshold force is quickly exceeded, the friction coefficient drops to a lower value and the cloth comes away leaving the objects on the table nearly where they were originally. The whole thing happens before the objects on the cloth can move very far. This is called the "table cloth effect", and it obeys classical physics completely.
Yet, apparently unaware of these well-known physics principles and engineering applications, people even today are still inventing, patenting and proclaiming "internal propulsion engines" and "reactionless drives". Many claim that they are violating Newton's third law. Sometimes they even invent new theoretical physics to account for their imagined violations of physics. Among these are Robert L. Cook's inertial propulsion system US patent 4,238,968, Dr. Gennady Shipov's universal propulsion system, 6,347,766, and James Woodward's theoretical proposal of a reactionless propulsion system, US patent 5,280,864.
Jerry Pournelle has a good account of Dean's device, and makes a suggestion for testing such things. Invariably inventors test them on surfaces or rails, leading one to suspect that friction is doing the dirty work. I haven't ever seen one tested on an air suspension table, to reduce that possibility. Also, anything that rotates may have a "fan effect" and move by pushing against air. So Jerry suggests reducing the friction by suspending the device from wires. Also, one should do the experiment in a vacuum. Actually, it would be sufficient to enclose all moving parts in a box that allowed no communication between the internal air and the external air. If, under these conditions, the device swings to one side when running and returns to center when stopped, then, Jerry says, he might get interested. But inventors do not do this, or anything close to it. Hmm...
Even with this arrangement, self-deception can occur, as in Henry Bull's impulse engine of 1935. You can read about it in Popular Science Monthly, Jan 1935, p. 27: Harry W. Bull: Reaction Motor. His device was in an enclosed box, and suspended from wires as a pendulum. Inside the box two weights were driven by electromagnets, one weight making an inelatic impact with a spring, the other making a nearly elastic metal-to-metal impact. When running, the box containing the device moved to the side. Why? Due to the asymmetric motion inside the box, the center of mass of the box and its contents shifts relative to the box. But the center of mass must still remain where it was before (relative to the laboratory). So the box moves aside, while its center of mass stays put. Newton's laws were working properly, as they always do.
I can't help wondering why these inventors who circulate video clips of their devices moving along a flat surface don't take it another step. Let the device move around a circular track (perhaps slightly "banked") and make a perpetual motion machine. Then they might be motivated to ask whether their "physics defiant" device is also violating conservation of energy, which they could test by measuring the power input to the rotating weights of their device. I confidently predict that energy conservation will be found to be working properly.
5. Magnet Motors.Current serious designs for PMM are seldom purely mechanical. That approach has been fruitless for so many centuries that many inventors conclude there's nothing new there to be discovered. Nearly all of those devices were variations of overbalanced wheels.
Magnet-motors are all the rage these days. But even folks who have had physics and engineering courses are often deficient in understanding of magnetic fields and magnetic materials.
Motors and generators are electromagnetic machines, and electrical engineers have had long experience with them. Magnets and wires moving in a magnetic field continually radiate electromagnetic fields, and these can cause interference with nearby electronic equipment such as telephone, radio and television sets. Such interfering radiation can propagate directly as fields, or can be conducted over power lines. Commercial motors, designed to minimize these problems, are housed within partially shielding enclosures, and often have capacitive-inductive filters to reduce interference with other equipment.
The experimenter's PMM magnet motor, however, is usually exposed and unshielded, without any attention given to designing it to minimize electromagnetic radiation. The output wave form is far from sinusoidal, and induction effects may modify the input wave form as well. These wave forms contain abrupt discontinuities and even sharp pulses and spikes, which simple electrical meters can't respond to properly. The radiated fields may affect the meter's circuitry directly. Also, the output likely has a considerable phase angle between current and voltage. For these reasons, simple electrical meters can give false readings.
Here's a checklist of pitfalls, and suggestions for finding them and ensuring they don't affect your measurements.
One inventor's machine had a battery to start it, and then, the inventor claimed, the machine's own power recharged the battery. It wasn't hard to show that the battery never was being recharged, but was supplying energy all the time. A small value resistor was wired in series with the battery (connected at a battery terminal) and a simple microvoltmeter connected across the resistor to continually monitor the voltage across the resistor. The voltage never changed sign. Therefore the current never changed direction. Therefore the battery supplied energy the whole time, and was never being charged. Case closed.
6. Electrical measuring devices and circuits.One quick way to see if your electrical meters are lying to you is to compare measurements made with one set of meters of a particular type (say analog meters) with measurements made with a different type (say electronic meters). Do thiese measurements on the actual machine. If the results are different, you know that one or the other type of meter (or both) is deceiving you. Do the readings change as the meters are placed in different positions and orientations, or if the connecting wires are shifted in position? If so, be suspicious that the shielding or grounding is not adequate.
Older meters often have an analog electromagetic movement driving a needle moving across a calibrated scale. Digital meters generally have no moving parts. I have seen situations where analog meters, even expensive ones, can be directly affected by electromagnetic radiation from a circuit, especially a circuit with unshielded components, or with magnets. The fields act directly on the electromechanical movement of the meter, and can produce readings that bear no accurate relation to what you are trying to measure.
Electromechanical meter movements may be dependent on the orientation of the meter with respect to the circuit being tested. Their readings may also be dependent on the physical orientation of the meter with respect to gravity&emdash;whether it is upright or lying on its back. In fact, I recall once using very expensive name-brand precision meter that was gravity-dependent, and the instruction manual clearly said that it should only be used lying on its back, not upright. Sometimes it pays to read the instruction manual, even before you buy. It was an example of the fact that "precision" and "accuracy" are not synonyms.
And don't neglect the connecting wires from meter to circuit. These can form an "induction" loop that acts as an antenna for electromagnetic AC radiation. Using shielded and properly grounded wires, or even a twisted pair, can help avoid this.
Consult a good book on electrical measurements and you will discover that proper measurements often demand considerable attention to grounding and shielding of all components of the circuit and the measuring instruments.
Internal resistance of meters can cause problems. Most modern voltmeters have very high impedance inputs (several megohms), which largely avoid this, but ammeters are usually not ideal "zero resistance" devices. It's better to measure current with a high quality voltmeter connected across a precision resistor. That resistor should not be one that has resistance wire wound in a simple coil. (One can obtain resistors with wire wound non-inductively, specifically constructed to avoid such errors.)
Terminals and junctions in your circuit can cause problems, especially at junctions between two different metals. These can cause thermoelectric potentials that are temperature-dependent. Surface oxidation should be scrupulously cleaned from terminals and wires with liquid metal cleaner, then thoroughly washed with distilled water.
And don't forget that pesky phase angle. If there's a phase shift between voltage and current (and there usually is in these devices) then separate meter measurement of voltage and current is a waste of time unless you know the size of that phase angle. An oscilloscope may be necessary to determine the phase angle.
But why not avoid the possible problems of voltmeters and ammeters entirely? The definition of electrical power for both AC, DC and even for pathologically complicated waveforms is based on their heating effects. Using the output electrical power to heat a resistor automaticaly bypasses the phase angle problem. If you power an incandescent light bulb with AC, and another identical lamp with DC, and still another with some horribly complicated wave form, even with a phase angle, then when the lamps burn equally brightly, they are receiving the very same power. More precisely, when they are burning at the same temperature in identical environments, they are receiving (and radiating) the same power.
What could be easier (and cheaper) than using incandescent lamps to compare electrical machine performance by measuring lamp brigtness by photometric methods? You still must use some care and good judgment in designing and carrying out the procedure.
When there's a large difference between the output of the two machines being compared, your eye can easily tell which bulb burns brightest. For smaller differences, a photographer's light-meter at a fixed distance from the bulb may be sufficient. When quantitative results are desired, the test (comparison) lamp can be driven by an adjustable DC source with an ordinary voltmeter and ammeter to measure the electrical power to the lamp. The power source is adjusted until the test lamp's brightness and color exactly matches that of the same lamp driven by the machine.
Of course, when making such comparisons, the input power to the PMM must be controlled and measured also.
Tom Napier (see references below) even suggests measuring electrical power by causing it to heat an insulated container of water and measuring how long it takes for the water to come to a boil. Don't scoff. Sometimes the simplest methods are the best.
7. The power transfer theorem.A principle well known to electrical experimenters is the power transfer theorem. Strangely, it is almost never mentioned by inventors of magnet motors. Any electrical device that has output current also has a characteristic internal impedance within the device itself. In a DC device, that impedance is simply its resistance, so let's speak in terms of this simpler DC example. The power transfer theorem is easily proven from Ohm's law and the electrical definition of power. The result is this: The maximum power is delivered to the load when the load resistance is equal to the source resistance. Therefore the power delivered to the load depends on the load's resistance.
Now that output current that passes through the load is also passing through the electrical generator's internal resistance. When these two resistances are equal half the power of the generator is delivered to the external load, half is dissipated (wastefully, and mostly as heat) in the generator itself. Fortunately maximum power efficiency isn't the same as maximum power transfer, and one can achieve generator efficiencies greater than 90% by making the motor resistance (or impedance, in the AC case) as small as possible. Similar considerations apply to electric motors.
One mistake amateurs often make in testing is to measure the device's input when the device is attached to a load, then use a different load resistance when measuring the output. One must be careful that the meters used do not alter the effective output load. A mistake of this sort could even make your PMM's performace seem worse than it actually is!
8. Testing the Bhaskara wheel.The Bhaskara wheel, the oldest known perpetual motion machine proposal, was assumed to operate by a principle of "overbalance". (Villard's wheel with seven articulated hammers was another example.) The liquid in the vials on one side of the wheel is always farther from the axle, therefore apparently favoring downward motion of that side. This notion is false, and can easily be tested.
Spin a bicycle wheel and see how long it takes to stop. Then attach the vials half-filled with liquid to its rim at an angle, as in the Bhaskara wheel. Give the wheel a spin and time how long it spins. It will come to a stop much sooner than the simple bicycle wheel. Now give it a spin on the opposite direction. It will take about the same time to stop no matter which direction you start it spinning. This is clear evidence that the wheel is not overbalanced to favor motion in one direction.
A clever young man, Raymond Hsu, did this experiment and posted the results on youtube: Is it real? Perpetual motion Bhaskara's wheel. He has other videos here: Raymond Hsu youtube channel.
You could even put the bottles of water in a freezer, and freeze them solid. Use sturdy bottles that won't burst. Then quickly attach them to the wheel, and give it a spin. It should spin much longer than when the water was liquid, demonstrating that the motion of the water in the vials wasn't sustaining motion, but was actually slowing the wheel.
Nit-pickers may object that the initial spin given to the wheel might not be the same in all cases. But the results are so dramatically different with the water bottles and without them, that variations in the initial push don't matter much. One could easily improve the procedure by standardizing the initial push in any of the ways I described above
9. Subtler gotchas.Once while doing a research project requiring extremely sensitive low-current measurements, a strange effect was seen. Of course we had made all efforts to properly ground everything to a common ground with heavy grounding straps, and to shield sensitive components. We were working in a laboratory two floors below ground level. But we'd see a residual noise on the signal during the day, but not at night. The spurious signal was barely seen on an oscilloscope, but was real. At first we suspected electromagnetic interference from office equipment, computers, or printers, which might not be operating after working hours. But the interference signal was constant, not intermittent. Further observation showed that it began approximately at sunset and ceased at sunrise. Yet our lab had no windows and received no sunlight whatsoever. Finally, after seeing this on our oscilloscopes for many weeks, I decided it might be useful to listen to it. So I fed the signal to an audio amplifier, and I could barely distinguish garbled voices and music. It was interference from a local radio station. But why the sunset/sunrise effect? It was an AM station on one of the FCC-designated "clear channel" frequencies, which is required to cut its power from sunset till sunrise, to provide a clear channel for a high powered "clear channel station" operating on that same frequency, to give that station broader coverage at night.
10. Divide and conquer.Perhaps your invention is so complex that the thought of building one for testing seems daunting, and could break your budget. Inventors often face this problem. One approach is to test just the crucial parts of the idea, one at a time.
Look carefully at your design and try to identify what subsystem is crucial to its supposedly superior performance. What is in it that is special, unique, never before employed in such devices?
Can you model just that crucial subsystem, in a way that is inexpensive to build and simple to test? What we want to do is to test not the whole device, but to test the innovative concept that the device depends upon.
At the very least, considerations of this sort will help you to focus on the essentials, and help you to understand your invention better. In so doing you may discover a better, simpler, or cheaper way to do it, or you may discover that the clever idea you hoped would make it perform spectacularly wasn't quite clever enough.
Return to The Main Gallery of the Museum of Unworkable Devices.


text: The nation has committed billions of dollars to improving homeland security since 2001, including large sums awarded to states in preparedness grants. In this CIR web exclusive map, reporter G.W. Schulz reports how authorities in each state have managed, or mismanaged, anti-terrorism funds from the federal government. Click on each state to learn more, and to download source documents obtained through state open records laws.


text:
This month we started our seasonal venture into frozen treats, thought about how we love Dominique Ansel Bakery as we stuffed our mouths with their pastries, and considered joining a Jam of the Month club.
See all our favorite sweet bites in the slideshow above! And tell us, what was your best dessert this month?


text:
Critic's pick
Glenn Kotche
Leave it to a precocious percussive talent like Glenn Kotche to deconstruct and retool two suites into a new hourlong recording titled Adventureland — an album that is, in essence, another suite.
Even by the usual daring but playful standards of the longtime Wilco drummer and University of Kentucky graduate, Adventureland is just that. It celebrates Kotche's compositions for ensembles as much (if not more) than his actual playing, but it also beautifully represents one of contemporary music's most distinctive percussion voices.
Here are the primary inhabitants of Adventureland. First up is a seven-movement suite for string quartet and drum kit, Anomaly, that was commissioned by, and presented here as a collaboration with, the famed Kronos Quartet. Then we add The Haunted, a five-movement piece for two pianos and percussionists.
But here is where the scrambling begins. The movements to Anomaly are presented sequentially. The running order of The Haunted is completely reworked (the movements are presented in a sequence of 5-4-1-3-2). Then everything is meshed together with two additional works: one featuring the Balinese percussion ensemble Gamelan Galak Tika of Boston, the other teaming Kronos with the Chicago chamber group eighth blackbird.
Perhaps such cut-and-paste assembly of the pieces was intended by Kotche as an observational detour so the music could be appreciated on its own terms rather than as an assemblage of works featuring a variety of musical participants.
But then how would we explain the album-opening Anomaly, Mvt. 1, which takes Kronos out of the equation so electronics can voice the string and percussion parts? Then there is Dance, the finale movement of The Haunted (which, again, is served as the introductory section on Adventureland). It boasts sharp, clipped dialogue between pianists Lisa Kaplan and Yvonne Lam and the mallet-savvy percussion of Matthew Duvall and Doug Perkins. Kotche is listed as playing only "additional percussion," yet The Haunted's immensely animated tone is a signature mark of his compositions.
A similar giddiness pervades Gamelan Galak Tika's gongs and Balinese percussion on the minimalistic The Traveling Turtle. But it's on Anomaly, Mvt. 4 that Kotche's instrumental voice is as prominent as his compositional profile. As the Kronos strings build from a playful pizzicato intro into more strident chamber passages, Kotche's drumming enters and soon works into a rockish lather that wonderfully matches the drama of the strings before reaching a coda of meditative cool.
Don't let the stylistic variety of the pieces and their shuffled sequencing become a bother. In Adventureland, it's best to discard the road maps and enjoy the ride.
Walter Tunis, contributing music critic


text:
Back to ljc's Projects Main
Back to Ljc Blog
message board
I had been dying to work with this magnetic paint so I made everyone magnetic chalkboard message board/picture frames for the holidays this year.
Aaron kindly cut out all the boards and stands and put them together. Each board got a coat of magnetic paint and then a coat of chalkboard paint.
I made character marble magnets for each gift recipient.
These are pictures I printed out to stick on the message boards as samples. Kind of like the pictures that come in a new wallet or picture frame.
I used a pug and pawprint rubber stamp to make a mark on the back of each board. Pug Print Productions.
Here are some boards all ready to go.
Back, side and front views. I wrote a message on each board and included a piece of chalk. I think people liked them.


text:
SSD Cloud Hosting
2XOFFER FREE Doubled RAM and Disk space after order
2XOFFER FREE Doubled RAM and Disk space after order
Development & SUpport
Laravel Development
We have been working with laravel since its infancy. Laravel gives the tools needed to roll out rapid application development at a high standard. If your thinking of a new project or business idea why not get in touch, we can develop and system for you. From a Comparison Website to a Search Engine.
Magento Development
Integrating Magento with third party API's, working with designers to create seamless and fluid shopping experiences. If you have a requirement let me know.
WordPress Development
WordPress is one of the core tools we use for brochure websites and some of our smaller bespoke projects. We can make WordPress jump through hoops and integrate it with any system you require. Why not see how we can help with your WordPress website.
Other geeky languages, frameworks and packages
MySQL and MariaDB are the first choices for database support for KazooSoft however we never rule out other databases such as MondoDB and PostgreSQL. It all depends on the project at hand.
As well as other front end frameworks KazooSoft uses bootstrap for rapid implementation of web design. Offering fully responsive website development making your site work cross platform, cross browser, cross device.
Using PHP since early 4 we have seen PHP Development grow from strength to strength! – Although not the only language I use, mixed with others such as HTML, CSS, JS, C# and more.
Moodle is a fast growing Virtual Learning Environment which is vastly used within the Educational Sector. KazooSoft has worked with Moodle for over 7 years. Why not ask us your idea and we can help!


text:
Nemrut or Nemrud is a 2,134 m (7,001 ft) high mountain in Kurdistan, notable for the summit where a number of large statues are erected around what is assumed to be a royal tomb from the 1st century BCE.
The mountain lies 40 km (25 mi) north of Kahta, near Adıyaman. In 62 BC, King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene built on the mountain top a tomb-sanctuary flanked by huge statues (8–9 m/26–30 ft high) of himself, two lions, two eagles and various Greek, Armenian, and Iranian gods, such as Hercules-Vahagn, Zeus-Aramazd or Oromasdes (associated with the Iranic god Ahura Mazda), Tyche, and Apollo-Mithras. These statues were once seated, with names of each god inscribed on them. The heads of the statues have at some stage been removed from their bodies, and they are now scattered throughout the site.
The pattern of damage to the heads (notably to noses) suggests that they were deliberately damaged because of belief in iconoclasm. The statues have not been restored to their original positions. The site also preserves stone slabs with bas-relief figures that are thought to have formed a large frieze. These slabs display the ancestors of Antiochus, who included both Greek and Persians.
The same statues and ancestors found throughout the site can also be found on the tumulus at the site, which is 49 m (161 ft) tall and 152 m (499 ft) in diameter. The statues appear to have Greek-style facial features, but Persian clothing and hairstyling.
The western terrace contains a large slab with a lion, showing the arrangement of stars and the planets Jupiter, Mercury and Mars on 7 July 62 BC. This may be an indication of when construction began on this monument. The eastern portion is well preserved, being composed of several layers of rock, and a path following the base of the mountain is evidence of a walled passageway linking the eastern and western terraces. Possible uses for this site is thought to have included religious ceremonies, due to the astronomical and religious nature of the monument.
The arrangement of such statues is known by the term hierothesion. Similar arrangements have been found at Arsameia on Nymphaios at the hierothesion of the father of Antiochus, Mithridates I Callinicus.
Ancient History
When the Seleucid Empire was defeated by the Romans in 189 BCE at the Battle of Magnesia it began to fall apart and new kingdoms were established on its territory by local authorities. Commagene being one of the Seleucid successor states occupied a land in between the Taurus mountains and the Euphrates. The state of Commagene had a wide range of cultures which left its leader from 62 BCE – 38 BCE Antiochus I to carry on a peculiar dynastic religious program, in which it included not only Greek and Persian deities but Antiochus and his family as well. This religious program was very possibly an attempt of Antiochus to unify his multiethnic kingdom and secure his dynasty's authority.
Antiochus supported the cult as a propagator of happiness and salvation. Many of the monuments on Mount Nemrud are ruins of the imperial cult of Commagene. The most important area to the cult was the tomb of Antiochus I, in which was decorated with colossal statues made of limestone. Although the Imperial cult did not last long after Antiochus, several of his successors had their own tombs built on Mount Nemrud. For around half of the year, Mount Nemrud lays covered in snow which in effect has increased its weathering which has in part caused the statues to fall in ruin.
Modern History
The site was excavated in 1881 by Charles Sester, a German engineer assessing transport routes for the Ottomans. Subsequent excavations have failed to reveal the tomb of Antiochus. This is nevertheless still believed to be the site of his burial. The statues, all of them "beheaded", have not been restored to their original condition.


text:
FRESNO, California (KFSN) --A nephew to the former Fresno Police Department deputy chief Keith Foster has agreed to a deal in a federal drug case.
According to court records, the deal calls for Randy Flowers to plead guilty on illegal firearms charges, but the drug charges will be dismissed.
.@ABC30 Flowers' attorney tells me his client also does *not* have to testify against his uncle, the disgraced former deputy chief.— Corin Hoggard (@corinhoggard) April 17, 2017
Investigators say Flowers got oxycodone pills from Foster. Court documents show federal agents arrested Foster in March 2015, shortly after he picked up an oxycodone prescription for 100 pills and visited Flowers' house. Foster had $1,300 cash and two pills. Flowers had 98 pills.
Foster is due in court Monday afternoon for a trial confirmation.
Stay with Action News and ABC30.com for more.