text:
04 December 2013
| by
Philip Booth
Has Pope Francis misunderstood the market economy?
In his first major document Evangelii Gaudium Pope Francis had harsh words for the trickle-down theory of economics, whereby the spending of the rich creates work and therefore wealth for those further down the financial chain. The Pope said it had simply led to a widening rich-poor gap and a 'globalisation of indifference'. Here an economist examines his critique
Pope Francis had some dismissive things to say about the market economy and globalisation in his apostolic exhortation. Disappointingly, however, there was much use of the rhetorical tactic of knocking down straw men.
In one such example, the Pope criticised those who believe in the "absolute autonomy of markets". Nobody believes in the "absolute autonomy of markets". Markets are forums in which economic co-operation between human persons takes place in the context of institutions. Markets can be restrained by the moral and ethical behaviour of those involved; by institutions that develop within markets themselves; by civil society; by culture; and by governments. Markets cannot be autonomous – they are the creation of human persons, and human persons are reasoning acting beings rather than automatons. To talk about the complete autonomy of a market is like talking about the complete autonomy of a brothel without reference to any of the people operating within it. It is meaningless in the context of Christian anthropology. The apostolic exhortation takes the sophisticated discussion of Caritas in veritate backwards.
Insofar as the Holy Father was referring to the independence of the market from the state, which was an issue he raised, this is a strange era in which to make such a point. Western governments spend close to record proportions of national income and the regulation of businesses in many places is rising from already high levels. Indeed, the Holy Father is rightly scandalised by the level of youth unemployment in countries such as Spain, France and Italy. He should reflect on the fact that those countries come 125th, 130th and 146th out of 148 ranked countries for their regulatory burdens on business. There is a direct link between regulation and the number of people trapped outside the labour market. Pope Francis should consider too that the much-criticised financial system is not a creation of the market but a highly regulated system underpinned by the state: a welfare state for bankers if you like.
The tone of the economic analysis was unduly pessimistic. The Pope talked about increasing poverty, inequality and exclusion. However, world poverty has fallen more rapidly since 1980 than at any time in the history of our planet: the fall is staggering, and the main cause is globalisation. The globalisation of technology was criticised. But just consider how the mobile phone – which is a technology produced by multinationals but harnessed by smallholders, fisherman and stallholders in Africa – has changed the lives of millions of previously poor people. The Pope also argued that we see the "globalisation of indifference". Perhaps we should consider the other side of the coin – the US$139.2 billion of charitable assistance that is given to the developing world each year by US citizens alone (this excludes government aid and private investment).
Indeed, the parts of the exhortation on the economy in no way reflected the tone of the rest of the document. The document was upbeat about the healing power of God's love, inclusive in its scope and charitable in its spirit whilst prompting the consciences of the reader. There is an optimistic story to tell on the economy too: the spirit of generosity among so many and economic development lifting people out of poverty at record rates. We are all impatient and things are not perfect – but market economies and globalisation have achieved much. Ironically, those countries which are most reluctant to embrace a market economy and globalisation are often those which the Holy Father cites when highlighting some of the economic tragedies of modern world.
Of course, we should all be reminded of the crucial need for economic activity to be cloaked in virtue and urged to ensure that markets serve the poor and not vested interests – there is room for conscience-prompting there too. How important these issues are! However, unlike most other aspects of the exhortation and, for example, Caritas in veritate, it is likely that the sections on the economy will generate more heat than light and conflict rather than synthesis.
Philip Booth is the Editorial and Programme Director at the Institute of Economic Affairs
Article List
Post a Comment
You can post as a subscriber user ...
User Comments (24)
MIke M - your last comment is rather ironical because the purpose of the post was to suggest that, following Caritas in veritate, a conversation about injecting morality into economic life was precisely the most important thing the pope could contribute (that is why I introduced the point in the first paragraph and finished with it in the last paragraph). Indeed, I used a "!" to make the point which I almost never do in writing. It is that and the importance of justice rather than making inaccurate generalisations about systems where I think most can be added by the pope. The absurdity of the comment about "237 years since the wealth of nations" is illustrated by the fact that the book was written to compare countries which at that time followed just the sorts of policies followed by post-war India, almost all Arab countries, most of South America and sub-Saharan Africa where the rich enrich themselves at the expense of the few through mercantilism, petty regulation, rampant corruption and the absence of well-functioning institutions of governance. It is also strange that you are now blaming Smith because the main criticism made of neo-classical economists whom you seem to be confusing with Smith (and of whom I am not one) is that they ignore the institutions that Smith talked about so much (as well as what is now called social capital, empathy etc which Smith characterised as sympathy).
Anyway, time for us both to focus on other things for a while. Have a happy Christmas.
On measuring poverty, this might be of interest: http://www.iea.org.uk/publications/research/a-new-understanding-of-poverty
On reducing poverty (through the pursuit of more liberal policies in land use planning - where we have some of the most illiberal policies in the developed world; more liberal energy markets; the reductions in very high rates of regressive indirect taxes that exists in the UK; addressing the benefits system and child care regulation; and dealing with the CAP - again hardly liberal) this may be of interest. There are other ways of thinking about these problems: http://www.iea.org.uk/publications/research/redefining-the-poverty-debate-why-a-war-on-markets-is-no-substitute-for-a-war-
Something went wrong with the last comment – The last paragraph should have read
It is now 237 years since "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" was published. I think you economists & the politicians you influence have had long enough to sort out poverty & equality in the world. It is now time to inject some morality into your thinking and recognise the reality of the unnecessary poverty, the inbuilt inequality and the oppression that goes with today's orthodox economics.
Have a good Christmas
well, we are not going to resolve this in a comment thread unfortunately, but most of what you state as fact is precisely what we dispute. Does neo-classical economics dominate policy especially in countries that are poor? Do I really propose neo-classical economics? Has neo-claasical economics dominated policy in the UK since the 1970s (there have been some reforms such as privatisation, the reduction in inflation, the removal of exchange and incomes controls but there has been much movement in the other direction too)? If the current government was really driven by the ideology you suggest would it be spending of 49% of national income and be running a welfare system where the marginal tax plus benefit withdrawal rate was over 70% for nearly all families with children - the problem of high benefit withdrawal rates is perhaps the first lesson of neo-classical economics? I never suggested that current policy was satisfactory just that poverty in the world has reduced as a result of many countries developing more satisfactory policies (but if you look at policies in poor countries they are the most closed to trade, poorest governance etc etc - Argnetina, India, Pakistan, Venezuela - havens of neo-liberal economics?!!!). There is much evidence on poverty, not just by the IEA which suggests that it fell even whilst income inequality rose. There are areas of legitimate debate and ascribing consequences to policies is a complex business as is classifying policies themselves
Philip – I also look for human flourishing & for this to happen it seems to me that both poverty & inequality must reduce. They are inextricably bound together so should not be treating separately for analytical reasons – Poverty will only decrease with more equality.
In passing you say within countries inequality has increased – which cannot be denied – and this is a direct result of the dominance of the neo-classical/neo-liberal economics since the mid-seventies and it is still on the increase.
How can the IEA maintain that poverty has decreased in the UK when we have a growing number of food banks, a phenomenon not experienced in most people's lifetime except for providing for the absolutely destitute people living on the streets. Meanwhile in 2012 the UK banks were subsidised largely by ordinary people by £38 billion (New Economics Foundation Report December 2013). Our present Government is driven by the dominant economic ideology & the myths that go with it such as, "Greed is good".
Internationally no one can imagine that present day economic practice is satisfactory when over 40% of the World's population exists on less than $2 a day. Also as highlighted in the recent "IF" campaign around 870 million people never have enough to eat – they go to bed hungry & wake up hungry in a world with more than enough for everyone.
It is now 237 years since "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" was published. I think you economists & the politicians you in
just to clarify my last comment, I meant to say "since 1980" with regard to the increases in government spending etc. Also worth noting that, measured in any meaningful way, world inequality is decreasing. It is possible, of course, for inequality in every country in the world to increase whilst world inequality falls if poor countries grow much faster than rich countries (which is what is happening).
Mike M - I certainly welcome a constructive debate. I am not sure whether your focus is on inequality or poverty. If you look at inequality within countries then certainly it has increased. Poverty within most countries has not (including in the UK). If you look at the proportion of really poor in the whole world, it has fallen really dramatically and it is difficult to argue that the cause has been anything other than greater peace, better governance (legal and justice systems, property rights etc) and market-oriented reforms (especially trade). However, there has also been an increase in inequality in those countries where the poor have become more prosperous (Vietnam, for example) just as North Korea would become more unequal even if everybody became more prosperous. I am more interested in human dignity and flourishing for all than I am in inequality as such (I accept that is a value judgement - and that i have set out that value judgement in a tendentious way in that sentence!). We have to be more nuanced, I think regarding the "triumph" of neo-classsical economics in policy (even if we could agree on what neo-classical economics would imply in practical policy). The fact that the propn. of national income spent by government has increased by one third in the UK and that spent by Federal government has increased by one sixth in the US (with big shift to education, health and welfare) tells us something. Some areas of the economy are more heavily regulated, others less.
Philip, I am glad that in one very important respect we are on the same side. We agree that economics teaching needs reformation and there is a need to teach the history of economic thought. It is important to realise economics is not a science and the recent vogue to make it more mathematical only produces an imitation science. As one economist put it recently, "They prefer to be accurately wrong than inaccurately correct". I must admit I have not read IEA documents recently. Many years ago, presumably before you were there, I read a couple of tracts which just seemed to be putting forward the obverse side of Marxism and were just as wrong and dangerous to the poor of the world. Maybe, I will look again. Having re-read the original blog and subsequent comments I was struck by your insistence that since the 1980 poverty has reduced. However all the evidence suggests the opposite. Since the mid-seventies after a long period during which inequality steadily reduced, inequality started on all fronts to rise again and continues to do so with the dominant neo-classical pseudo-religion and its influence on politicians being largely responsible (See "Injustice: Why Social Inequality Exists" by Daniel Dorling )
@John Paul - my point about the banking system is that this is one area where (indeed this was identified in the AE) people talk about the market enriching the few and the market not working and so on but it is certainly not a "market" as would be pointed out by both the opponents and supporters of a free economy. It is certainly antithetical to anything Hayek would have identified as a market. I don't think that aligning neo-liberal with Thatcher and Hayek is really all that helpful and it ignores many fundamental compatibilities between a free economy based on the human anthropology understood by Hayek and that understood within the tradition of Catholic social teaching. Indeed, many Austrians (especially Catholic scholars) draw a straight line from the late scholastics to Hayek's Austrian school predecessors regarding the English and Scottish classical schools (and certainly their neo-classical successors) as a very unhelpful diversion. It would add, in fact, an awful lot to human knowledge if people who debated the efficacy and morality of markets understood the fundamentals of the debate rather than just caricatures of it.
Most of the world understands neoliberal to mean Hayek as received by Thatcher, I'm sure it can mean many other things too but that's not advancing general knowledge. Thanks for aligning me with the Pope, but neither of us "describes" a market economy and also that's not our job. Nor did I make any statements about the banking system, how it should or should not be. My points are made from the standpoint of a social ethicist within the Catholic tradition.
Mike M - Sorry, I just could not respond to everything in 1500 characters, but I will respond to that now. There are a couple of blogs on that issue on the IEA blog. It is just a wrong way of characterising the problem really. The IEA does not promote neo-classical economics. Insofar as it supports one school (and it does not support one school specifically) it would be identified with the Austrian school. The Austrian school methodologically was the main opponent of the neo-classical school from the 1930s onwards. I wrote a blog about the error of the protetesting students at Manchester equating neo-classical economics with free markets (that is a huge error it really is - neo-classical economics is used by regulators to develop huge programmes of regulation to correct "market failure" with abstract mathematical models, for example). The students were kind enough to get in touch with me to say that, in fact, that was a misreport by the Guardian and that the students were proposing more exposure to other schools in general (including the Austrian school which they explicitly mention on their website) and were not equating neo-classical economics with free market economics. Again, this comes from difficulties of using the straw men put up by the opponents of markets rather than considering how those of us who believe in a free economy thinking about the issue.
John-Paul - You can pull me up for sloppy constructs, but you really need to define what you mean by "neo-liberal economics". I am clear about what I mean - a market at the service of the people (all the people) embedded in an appropriate institutional framework. There is no point using terms such as "neo-liberal" which are ill-defined and, if defined at all, tend to be defined by the opponents of a free economy to describe theoretical constructs sometimes used as models by some economists. One cannot deny the progress in terms of reducing poverty which a market economy (poorly functioning and barely present at times) has brought to those countries that have begun to embrace one and yet you make statements that are contentious empirically as if they are facts. But also, like the pope, what you describe as a market economy is simply not recognisable as such. How can you regard a banking system heavily regulated and underwritten by the state as being part of a free economy? Of course, it enriches rent seekers (by the way, the problem of rent seeking in economies that often look like markets economies was a discipline popularised and brought to the UK by the IEA). If you were born as a poor person and had to choose a country to be born into, you would choose Chile over Argentina or Venezuala, I am sure. It is only opponents of a free economy that characterise (ridiculously) banking sectors, the way in which property rights work in S. America and so on as markets. See de Soto.
I think Philip has missed my main point – we do not need to mitigate (control) the economic system we need to change the whole theoretical background of present practice. Neo-liberal/neo- classical economic theory, which has almost total domination in universities (see the writings of eminent Norwegian economist Erik S Reinert) has to be abandoned before we can even start to move toward a just world. Applying the tenets of the theory by the IMF & World Bank has caused misery to many millions in Sub-Saharan Africa & Central & South America and now in Europe.
Mr. Booth states: "Of course, we should all be reminded of the crucial need for economic activity to be cloaked in virtue and urged to ensure that markets serve the poor and not vested interests ..." - here he shows deep misunderstanding of the morality of virtue, which springs up within the human person and remains in that dialogue. Ethos (the heart of virtue) is causal in nature – one cannot cloak an effect (economic activity) with a cause. Mr. Booth's argumentation is here corrupt. It is the Pope who understands and the neoliberal economists who have misunderstood their role.
I have read the discussion below and reread the blog. I cannot escape the feeling that participants are talking past one another. Alas, the faithful need to be more robust in speech: Jesus said: I am the way and the truth, and I am not throwing the bible around but describing a point of outset. Catholic social teaching (CST) sets the human person at the centre of all considerations. "Human person" is a theological terminus technicus: It means "the individual within society". The dignity of the human person is paramount: All else, and in particular instruments of her own invention, are there to serve. One of these instruments is the market, which throughout the documents of CST is a wealth generator at the disposition of all. The Pope is entirely correct in his analysis that the market is currently not working like this and that mankind has thus strayed from the way and from the truth. When he speaks of the "autonomy" of markets, he refers to their having usurped the role of the human person as controller: We are not (if we wish to follow CST) beholden to any functionality of the market and nor to economic statistics, the reverse is the case. Globally, the market is not working for the human person, it is working (very hard) for the very wealthy. (continued)
@James - the WSJ index measures different things and it would be astonishing if any tolerably free economy did not appear in the top half. All the Latin economies (europe and South America) with high rates of unemployment do very badly (relative to other similar economies) in areas such as labour market regulation. @James and Mike - I am afraid that you just fall into the same trap as Pope Francis by erecting straw men and knocking them down. It is kind of you, Mike, to tell me what my position is but a reading of what we actually produce rather than of other people's preconceptions of what we think we ought to believe might be more enlightening. To give one example, perhaps read "Does Britain Need a Financial Regulator?" in which I strongly criticise big bang for sweeping away the strong regulation that developed (and was enforced) within the market itself and replacing it with state regulation that was worse in all respects. I believe in regulation, in constraints and so on - it is a question of from where they come and the Catholic social tradition is on my side here. Read Rerum novarum perhaps. Reading what people say is better than assuming what they might say. Regarding banking, much could be said about the involvement of the state in both the Spanish and Irish crises, but perhaps the best example is Slovenia where all five major banks that failed were nationalised. On globalisation, I am afraid the Pope is dangerously wrong (compare Chile and Argentina perhaps).
Philip: Your characterisation of societies where " the…financial system is… a highly regulated system underpinned by the state" certainly does not ring true. It is contradicted by the Big Bang in the City and by New Labour's slavish incorporation of Thatcher-style soft touch regulation. It is also contradicted by the collapse of banks in Ireland, the UK and Spain. Ditto Euribor shenanigans. Not to mention the rocketing costs of utilities there. Or is it that high levels of regulation have been singularly badly enforced in all 3 of these jurisdictions? The only element above which rings true is the issue of "state underpinning" which has resulted in the nationalisation of debts run up by banks. Though obviously not of their benefits whether previous or subsequent. As for your assertion that a reduced regulatory burden would tackle outrageous levels of (youth) unemployment, you do not quote a source for your figures. Looking at the 2013 Wall Street Journal Index, which I presume counts here as pro-Benedict, I note that Spain which you position at 125 has risen to 46 out of 180 countries on this measure. A difference mirrored for both Italy and France, neither of which is located in the bottom half of the WSJ table. Here is the problem, the gap between cold statistics and still colder reality. A reality which Pope Francis used to pen his conclusions to the 2007 CELAM meeting when he wrote "Globalisation is causing the emergence of new faces of the poor in our people."
As the representative of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Philip, you are bound to find Pope Francis' wise words unacceptable. The present economic orthodoxy which you defend is actually the cause of much of the poverty in the world. That orthodoxy believes in unrestrained market s and free trade in all conditions without context. When the pope said "…trickle-down theories which assume that economic growth, encouraged by a free market, will inevitably succeed in bringing about greater justice and inclusiveness in the world. This opinion… has never been confirmed by the facts", he is correctly stating that the neo-classical/neo-liberal economics espoused by the IEA in practice it has always achieved the opposite of what it is said to provide. It has made ordinary people in the poor and the rich worlds poorer while providing riches beyond the dreams of avarice for the already wealthy. This orthodoxy holds almost total control in economics university courses and in world finance institutions and appears to be unable to recognise the reality it has created. Until this changes there is no prospect of an end to poverty in the world where there is more than enough for everyone's need but not for their greed. More than one notable economist outside today's orthodoxy has said that change cannot come from within economics because of the vested interest so change must come from other respected institutions taking a hand and what better institution to lead than the church. Mike M
Brendan - I was, of course, talking about poverty worldwide, not in developed countries and that was the main issue on the Holy Father's mind (but, see later). I am afraid that it is simply wrong to say that the reduction in poverty has not led to real change in people's lives. There has been a huge improvement - unprecedented in human history in both its scale and rapidity - in the living standards of many of the poorest people in the world. Yes, there is much to be done; yes there are problems at home; yes we need reminding of them. To use your money changers' analogy if the Holy Father had rampaged against businesses that do not behave ethically, fair enough (indeed, he has done that and I have not commented when he has done so, despite the fact that his emphasis is, I feel sometimes wrong - for the very reasons you state). Coming back home (and the figures you state are UK figures, I think), economists like us in ivroy towers at the IEA were, in fact, the first to put this whole living standards issue onto the political agenda. Of course, we see it as an agenda for necessary liberalisation (planning and housing being the most obvious area because housing costs are a (probably the) major issue). Of course, Catholics are free to disagree about those priorities and to discuss and debate them and the pope is not just quite entitled but is quite right to tell us that the poor should be our focus; but I was not criticising those aspects of the pope's words.
@James - regarding, Mrs Thatcher, it is perhaps interesting that she left office with the government spending 40% of national income. She specifically said that you cannot buck the market in relation to the government trying to shadow the deutsche mark in the late 1980s. That was true and the disaster caused by trying to buck the market in that context (inflation, 15% interest rates, very high unemployment, negative equity) left quite a scar. Anyway, probably better to deal with my views than those of somebody with whom I am supposed to agree about everything because it is suggested by left-leaning journalists that my predecessors of 40 years earlier influenced that person. The point is whether you can or cannot buck the market, it is populated by persons capable of moral reasoning and, apart from a few anarcho capitalists, nobody believes that it should also not operate in an appropriate juridical framework. Frankly, the absence of such things is a major part of the problem in Argentina. Regarding the 1920s book you cite, perhaps it would be better to quote the work of the IEA and others about the real importance of pensions and welfare institutions as a product of a market economy and civil society.
Reading Philip Booth's icy dismissal of the lack of intellectual rigour in the economic arguments of Pope Francis, our first Latin American pope and a man who witnessed Argentina's dictatorship and economic disintegration first hand, but who is charged with using illogical concepts such as "the absolute autonomy of markets," in marked contrast to the subtle sophistication manifested in the same field by his predecessor emeritus Pope Benedict, an academic and Curial official for most of his life, caused me to reflect on Professor Booth's leading role in the Institute of Economic Affairs. This body provided the intellectual cover for Mrs. Thatcher. Yet she seemed to share our poor Pope's unsophisticated, if not deluded, acceptance of the de facto reality of the supremacy of markets. Otherwise, why exactly did she endlessly repeat her mantra "you can't buck the markets"? Moreover, reading Professor Booth's harsh strictures at the Pope's failure to buy into the professor's ultra-liberal economic chimera, reminded me of the 1920's American best-seller "Main Street" where we read that "all this profit-sharing and welfare work and insurance and old age pensions is simply poppycock. Enfeebles a workingman's independence…." I recall too how Mandy Rice-Davies once presciently remarked of analyses like Philip Booth's "Well he would, wouldn't he?"
- but the pro-marketeers are not winning the the debate at local level, are they? We need to avoid the unhelpful populism and the simplistic nostrums of the political right but there is absolutely no sign of the big international corporations (I work for one of them) coming remotely close to understanding the depth and reach of the doctrine of gratuity developed by Benedict in the Encyclica you quote. The pitiful shekels meted out by their "foundations" (incl. that of Mr. Gates!) do not remotely convince. Advancing statistics on comparative world wealth is not the same as inviting the people in true appreciation of their dignity to the Lord's table. This is the frustration which Francis is pointing up: He is saying "I see here no dialogue of mutual esteem", so that his frustration is indeed of a piece with his pastoral approach. To sharpen up the charge: Corporate dividends belong rightly to all of us, not merely to the lucky few shareholders. That is the measure of the gulf - and I didn't even mention mass taxation avoidance or bankers' misappropriation of entrusted capital.
"It is meaningless in the context of Christian anthropology". Why not "anthropology" without adjectives to begin with? Evolution and the evident improvement of the human condition would have been impossible without our animal human desires to emulate, outdo competitors and conquer. Military research has led to improved health technologies. And where would the Koreans and the Chinese be today without globalisation? This is straightforward anthropology that would be inhuman, and unchristian, to ignore. After all, our humanity was assumed, not rejected, in Jesus of Nazareth. Yet we are not blind to the human suffering which accompanies human development. Since the beginning God has planted in our hearts the dream of human world without wars, just, made of equals. And God's will to make our dream come true has been revealed in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. Here lays the foundation of our "Christian anthropology". But faith is a gift, "Christian anthropology" cannot be proved by human logic alone, and "Qui veut faire l'ange fait la bête".
Sign up for our newsletterSign Up
Majority in Ireland support married clergy and women priests
More than 1000 children abused by priests in Pennsylvania
South Sudan agreement raises hopes of peace
A gross betrayal of trust: the Benedictine schools scandal
The lying trap: why gay priests can be truthful about their sexuality
Homosexuality among the clergy: caught in a trap of dishonesty
Manage my subcription hereManage


text:
In Zion Thursday night, family and friends gathered for celebration of 23-year-old Tony Rose's life.
Rose was one of 19 firefighters, Hotshots they were called, who died June 30 while battling a forest fire in Arizona.
Rose was from Beach Park. He was engaged and the couple was expecting their first child. Rose's brother, Alex Sperry, said he loved being a firefighter, loved the adrenaline rush.
Tony Rose's funeral is tomorrow. It is private.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
With the expert insight of leading coding educator Carol J. Buck, this complete exam review highlights the content you'll need to master to pass the AAPC CPCAr certification exam and take your coding career to the next step. CPCAr Coding Exam Review 2011 features an easy-to-follow outline format that guides you through the anatomy and terminology for each organ system; reimbursement concepts; an overview of CPT, ICD-9-CM, and HCPCS coding; and more. Two full practice exams and a final exam modeled on the actual CPCAr exam simulate the examination experience and help you build the confidence to succeed. Comprehensive CPCAr coverage highlights essential information for passing the AAPC CPCAr exam, accompanied by detailed figures, for the most efficient exam review. Concise outline format gives you quick and easy access to content and helps you make the most of your study time. Bound-in companion CD includes a Pre-Exam and a Post- Exam that provide answers and rationales to help you target areas of weakness and reinforce your understanding of coding concepts. A Final Exam located in the text simulates the actual CPC exam format and gives you a better understanding of how the content will be presented. A companion Evolve Resources website enhances your review with study tips, web links, and links to related products.Rev. ed. of: CPC coding exam review 2010 / Carol J. Buck, Cynthia Stahl. 2010 ed. c2010.
|CPC Coding Exam Review 2011 - E-Book
|Carol J. Buck
|Elsevier Health Sciences - 2011-02-25
You must register with us as either a Registered User before you can Download this Book. You'll be greeted by a simple sign-up page.
Once you have finished the sign-up process, you will be redirected to your download Book page.How it works:


text:
Our vision for an organisation is"Today's people are tomorrow's CITIZEN'S".
Our vision gives you great aspirational and success in your bright future,Great thoughts and creativity of goal makes furture success.
"You can learn is everything in this world,but Read to enrich your world." It makes great success in your future.


text:
Cash Account
Trade pricing and fast deliveryApply for Cash Account
OX MX10 Turbo Universal Diamond Blade 125/22mm
|Pack Type:
*online orders only, does not apply to all products or locations.
Insert your delivery postcode for confirmation of delivery to your location.
Via our extensive network of suppliers and purchasing power we deliver selected products nationwide to your door. Look out for the delivery information quoted against each product.
Select a branch at checkout if you prefer to collect from an Alsford branch
Trade pricing and fast deliveryApply for Cash Account
Trade pricing, faster delivery and 30 day creditApply for Credit Account


text:
renewal lip complex
Moisturising daily lip treatment helps smooth and restore. Apply as needed to infuse lips with a moisturizing blend of Avocado Oil and Shea and Cocoa Seed butters. A patented polypeptide restores delicate tissue, minimizes contour lines and helps prevent the signs of ageing caused by Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs a damaging by-product of sugar/protein reactions in the skin). Antioxidant Vitamin E helps fight skin-damaging ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). Formulated without artificial fragrances and colours.
- Minimizes contour lines.
- Smooths rough, uneven lips.
- Acts as a conditioning primer before lipstick application.
how to use
quick tip
Bis-Diglyceryl Polyacyladipate-2, Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, Synthetic Beeswax, Tocopheryl Acetate, Di-C12-15 Alkyl Fumarate, Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax, Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, Lauryl Lactate, Arginine/Lysine Polypeptide, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea Butter), Sodium Hyaluronate, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, Safflower Oil/Palm Oil Aminopropanediol Esters, Squalane, Ethylhexyl Palmitate, Silica Dimethyl Silylate, Butylene Glycol, Tribehenin, Sorbitan Isostearate, Stevioside, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, VP/Eicosene Copolymer, Benzyl Alcohol, Flavor (Aroma).
We are dedicated to maintaining the accuracy of the ingredient lists on this website. However, because ingredients are subject to change, we cannot guarantee that these lists are complete, up-to-date and/or error-free. For an accurate listing of ingredients in each product, please refer to your product packaging.
AGE smart®
Firm to smooth away the signs of skin aging. Control aging triggers before they start.
AGE Smart® contains scientifically advanced ingredients proven to impact the major biochemical reactions that contribute to skin aging before they start, so your skin is left smoother, firmer and healthier. AGE Smart® is the intelligent investment in your future skin.
how it works
AGE Smart works by impacting the main biochemical reactions that manifest the signs of skin aging: the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS, also known as free radicals), the generation of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the development of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs).
Excellent productI received a trial size of this product and it is the best lip product I have ever used. I only need to use it in the morning and at night, no need to touch up during the day, even in the cold wind and rain. Smooths on easily and you only need to use a tiny amount.12/09/2017
Love this product!This is the best lip moisturiser I have ever tried, love it's light texture - not greasy at all,1/07/2017
Fantastic productHands down the best lip treatment I have ever used. I used to suffer from constantly dry flakey lips but this product has totally changed that!11/12/2016
Beautiful!!I received a sample of the renewal lip complex with my order one time and found it absolutely fabulous. It felt so beautiful and soft on my lips.26/02/2016
This is incredibleThis hands down beats any other lip balm I have ever used. I tend to use it just at night as it's quite pricy, the next morning my lips still feel hydrated. This is a definite repurchase!8/11/2015
The most fabulous lip treatment ever!For effects I would give this product 100% - it does exactly what it says, and I haven't found one which makes my skin smoother to date. Unfortunately, I have been through 3 of these so far, and each time they run out within a fortnight (applying at least 3 times a day).11/08/2015
Amazing lip saverThis product is def a winter handbag item. I have the full size at home and keep a smaple in my handbag. Its been great at keeping my lips hydrated during winter so far, saving me from painful cracks and chaps.16/07/2015
Be the first to ask about this product...


text:
Payment Plans Available
Jay Gamberg started practicing bankruptcy law in New York City in 1974, moved to Florida in 1984 and has built a reputation for offering outstanding legal help for clients throughout the area. Mr. Gamberg is AV rated by Martindale-Hubbell. Since he started practicing, Mr. Gamberg and the members of his firm and staff are committed to assisting businesses and individuals in regaining their financial health. Although there are many bankruptcy attorneys, Gamberg & Abrams features professionals with years of experience helping clients find legal debt solutions. While bankruptcy may not always be the answer to your debt problems, we can give you the experienced legal advice you need to make those important decisions. The lawyers at Gamberg & Abrams are licensed, insured and are members of many distinguished organizations including:
The information you obtain at this site is not, nor is it intended to be, legal advice. You should consult an attorney for advice regarding your individual situation. We invite you to contact us and welcome your calls, letters, and electronic mail. Contacting us does not create an attorney-client relationship. Please do not send any confidential information to us until such time as an attorney-client relationship has been established.
Gamberg & Abrams
4651 Sheridan St
Suite 200
Hollywood, FL 33021
Phone: 954-981-4411
Fax: 954-966-6259
E-mail Us
Office Hours:
Monday – Friday,9 a.m. – 5 p.m.
Contact Information


text:
Take This Heart
Portfolio › Adult › Social Issues
A long-term campaign to build public will, the Foster Care Project was developed in association with the one hour documentary, Take This Heart, produced by KCTS / Seattle. Public television stations in communities across America were invited to participate in the outreach campaign to build awareness about foster care and mobilize communities to take action to improve the lives of children in foster care. Major funding for Take This Heart was provided by The Casey Family Program and The Annie E. Casey Foundation. The national community and educational outreach campaign was made possible by generous grants from The David and Lucile Packard Foundation, The Casey Family Program and The Annie E. Casey Foundation. The Child Welfare League of America (CWLA) was the national community outreach partner. Strategically designed and implemented by Outreach Extensions, the project extended from November 1996 through May 1998. A significant outcome was that, in large measure, the campaign and film led to federal legislation that extended benefits to foster families so they could continue to assist youth aging out of foster care.
Primary activities for The Foster Care Project included the following:
- Five Community Service Action Grants – Five public television stations received Community Service Action Grants. Their local campaigns were distinguished by intensive collaboration with a community partner and a coalition of other local groups serving youth in foster care and their families, a community assessment process resulting in an action plan, implementation efforts to achieve specific outcomes, and an outcome evaluation. Participating stations and their primary partners included: KCET / Los Angeles and the Child Welfare League of America, Western Division; KLRU / Austin, Texas and the Casey Family Program, Austin Division; KCTS / Seattle and The Casey Family Program, Seattle Division; Maryland Public Television and the Maryland Association of Resources for Families and Youth; and WTVS / Detroit and Evergreen Children's Services.
- Thirty National Incentive Grants – Thirty public television stations received Incentive Grants to conduct outreach activities within their local communities in coordination with agencies and organizations involved in foster care, and utilizing campaign materials.
- National Partner – The Child Welfare League of America assisted the project through preparing content materials on foster care; providing technical assistance to community organizations, local stations and the Steering Committee; and participating in related activities, such as conferences. At the end of the project, CWLA acquired the rights to campaign materials and then sold them through its resource catalogue.
- Development of Tools and Resources – Important project resources included the Web site, housed on the KidsCampaigns Web site published by the Benton Foundation; The Foster Care Project Toolbox; and the Take This Heart Community Foster Care Packet, including a 20-minute videotape and discussion guide. A "how you can help" brochure was developed, which all stations could customize for local distribution.
The external evaluation for The Foster Care Project was conducted by Michelle Jackson. Primary tools for data collection included project records maintained by the stations and survey instruments. As noted by the evaluator, it was difficult to quantify impact in a project of this nature. "The difficulty is due to the fact that results often manifest as individualized decision making processes (e.g., the decision to become a foster parent) and/or increases in awareness that are hard to measure and do not necessarily translate into immediate action."
- Increased recognition of public television as a viable and available tool to educate and effectively address the social needs of communities;
- An increase in public awareness of needs related to foster care;
- An increase in public awareness of reasonable, creative and available opportunities to involve individuals, families, communities and organizations in positively affecting the lives of children, youth and families in foster care;
- Sustained relationships formed between community agencies and public television stations that will insure continuation of many activities beyond the life of the project;
- An increase in public television's sensitivity to, and understanding of, foster care (resulting in local programming about the issue);
- Development of effective models for coalition building;
- Broad reach and the ongoing effects of using local community agencies to disseminate materials and information to their colleagues, local officials and the general public.
Examples of sustainable outcomes at each of the five stations:
KCET / Los Angeles and the Child Welfare League of America, Western Division: CWLA has become a member of KCET's Outreach Coalition for its signature Life & Times public affairs program. Its involvement provides assurance that foster care issues will continue to be represented in public affairs programming.
KCTS / Seattle and The Casey Family Program, Seattle Division: The KCTS evaluation, conducted by Tarah and Associates, documented the far-reaching impact of the Seattle campaign through the building of an effective community coalition to deal with the State of Washington's foster care system. The State Department of Children and Family Services will maintain the statewide toll-free number for recruitment of foster and adoptive parents recommended by the coalition. DCFS offered to expand the existing system to encompass the service areas designated by The Foster Care Project, and to fund it as a permanent part of the State of Washington's foster care system. In addition, The Foster Care Project provided the state's foster care system with a streamlined system of responsibility and accountability for all agencies – helping to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of DCFS.
KLRU / Austin, Texas and the Casey Family Program, Austin Division: The strong involvement of foster parents empowered them to become leaders and advocates on their own behalf. The campaign incorporated an educational component, including radio interviews and editorials that were conducted and written by parents. Thirteen of the 24 child placement agencies in the region signed Memoranda of Understanding, agreeing to work together to assist youth nearing the age of emancipation, and to advocate for effective public policy changes to support their transition.
Maryland Public Television and the Maryland Association of Resources for Families and Youth: The Maryland campaign was unique in that many components targeted a very vertical market, the Department of Human Resources. The purpose was to encourage and reinforce positive interactions and dialogue among government agencies, private companies and families in need of services. The public television station demonstrated its effectiveness in serving as an outreach tool to bring community members to the Department of Social Services as well as to establish a model for government agencies to work with other partners to increase community awareness and action.
WTVS / Detroit and Evergreen Children's Services: While WTVS served as the catalyst for the campaign, all outreach strategies empowered community agencies and organizations to participate in and lead efforts to increase public awareness of the needs of children in foster care and their families. Results included capacity building for local agencies and an increase in available resources. Partnering with corporations resulted in employment and mentoring opportunities for teens. Placement of the project's Web site, and related training, within the Michigan Community Network supported knowledge sharing among nonprofit organizations.


text:
With Windows 10 Creators Update now out, Microsoft seemingly hasn't closed the free upgrade loophole.
Windows 10 Creators Update is now available, meaning the best version of Windows 10 is now out there for current Windows 10 users or those who decide to buy Windows 10 from scratch. But what if you're already running Windows 7 or Windows 8.1? Well it appears you can still upgrade to Windows 10 for free thanks to a little loophole Microsoft seemingly isn't bothering to fix.
Having killed its rather generous free Windows 10 upgrade offer back on 29 July last year, Microsoft offered up a small window of opportunity for those that missed the deal by allowing people to download Windows 10 assistive technology upgrade. It appears that, even now the Windows 10 Creators Update is live, Microsoft hasn't closed off this Windows 10 free upgrade route. That's right, you can still pick up Windows 10 as a free upgrade – and it'll update to the Creators Update build as well.
It's hard to say just when this lucrative deal will close its doors, but for now you can still capitalise upon it if you want a copy of Windows 10 for free. Be warned, you may feel a little bit dirty making use of Microsoft's generosity as you look to save a few quid.
Upgrading to Windows 10 for free
If you want to make use of Microsoft's Windows 10 assistive technologies you need to make sure you're running an eligible version of Windows. The upgrade only applies to those running Windows 7 Home or Home Premium with Service Pack 1 or higher installed and Windows 8.1. Windows 7 Enterprise, Windows 8/8.1 Enterprise and Windows RT/RT 8.1 are all excluded from the free upgrade.
If you qualify for Windows 10, all you have to do is head to the Windows 10 free upgrade for assistive technologies page, click "Upgrade Now" and launch the EXE file that downloads to your PC.
Follow the instructions, while making sure you have a reliable internet connection as Microsoft's tool needs to download some extra bits and bobs, and within an hour you'll be making use of Windows 10 for diddly squat.
It's unclear when this loophole will be closed but, with Windows 10 Creators Update launching on 11 April, it's likely Microsoft will pull the plug then.


text:
Since 1996, R E Roofing & Construction Inc. has worked hard to build a strong reputation in Campbell, CA and the surrounding area. We are a family owned business and customer satisfaction is our main focus. We want to be sure that you get the best service possible! We are a Diamond Certified Roofing Company, and we will take the time to talk with you about your goals and to answer any questions you have along the way. We use only the finest roofing materials to ensure your new roof is beautiful and long lasting. Along with residential roofing, we also specialize in Solatube Skylights, Attic Insulation, Whole House Fans, Door Conversions and more.
For more info check our website here: Orange County, CA windows »
It is NOT ok to contact this poster with commercial interests.


text:
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) – Cell Biosciences said today that it has acquired sample-prep company Protein Forest in an all-stock transaction worth an undisclosed amount.
In addition, Cell Biosciences said that in connection with the acquisition, it has raised an additional $4 million in equity financing, led by Novo A/S.
The acquisition adds Protein Forest's digital ProteomeChip product, including instrumentation, software, reagents, and consumables, to Santa Clara, Calif.-based Cell Biosciences' portfolio of protein-analysis products.


text:
About this font family
Melina Plain and Melina Fancy are characterized by graceful lines, strong contrast and nostalgic overtones. These typefaces are patterned after two members of a type family named Greco, released by Fundición Tipográfica Richard Gans of Madrid, Spain, in the 1920s. Melina Plain is a refined version of Greco Bold, and Melina Fancy is based on Greco Adornado, with the notable addition of a lowercase, which was not a part of the original design.
Melina is based on two typefaces (ca. 1920) from the Fundición Tipográfica Richard Gans in Madrid, Spain. More…
Nick Curtis first found Greco Adornado in a type specimen at the Library of Congress. It was a cap only design. He made a cut of the original (Melina Fancy) and created his own lowercase, and many other characters to support contemporary character sets. Later he came across Greco Bold, which had a lowercase, but he chose not to use it and instead, adapted his Melina Fancy to create Melina Plain.
Get Melina BT and 2500+ more with the
Learn More
Monotype Library Subscription for Teams.
- Basic text strings
- Random text strings
- News feeds
- Pangrams
Melina BT Std Plain
Melina BT Std Fancy
Available formats
available in all of the styles:


text:
William Tolley does a GREAT job explaining how to step your game up with it comes to Professional Development (PD). Check out his article here.
Do you like cooking shows? I am not a great cook but man do i love watching to see what is possible and attempting to be a master chef. ( I actually do pull it off sometimes!) Either way – turn PD into a game and I am all in! We need to continue to make Professional Development accessible, interesting, and fun. If we cannot find it within our selves to be life long learners and fine tune our craft, how can we expect it from our students?
He breaks it down into 5 key points:
- Gamification
- Mastery Learning, Differentiation, and Personalization
- Peer and Expert Evaluation
- Microcredentials
- Redemption and Empowerment


text:
MarketSpace: Retail Store
- Realtor/Real Estate (1)
- Retail Store (1)
- Shopping Centers (1)
Delaware Plaza is a shopping center located at 180 Delaware Avenue in Delmar, NY - only 5 minutes from Albany. It is home to a supermarket, several restaurants, wine & liquor store, hair and nail salons, and much more. There are several spaces currently available that would be ideal for retail, office space or a medical clinic. View the available space on the site plan. For the most current availability and additional details, contact Delaware Plaza's Management Office at 518-439-9030
Expires: 9/30/2018


text:
It's easy to understand why the Notre Dame women's basketball team had to be saying, "Holy Toledo!" after learning where it would spend the opening rounds of the NCAA tournament.
That is as close to home as the second-ranked Irish could be — and with no actual home team to worry about, as is the case for 13 of the other 15 first- and second-round sites.


text:
Maggie Schmidt and Roy Mandell are world-class artists living in rural Nova Scotia. As artists they have integrated "art" into every aspect of their lives. As painters, they have each spent half a century engaged in their craft, pursuing, with humility, the solitary journey of creative work. As partners, they have had the incredible opportunity to share a life long conversation about art. Stylistically their work spans centuriei of tradition and they each dwell in very different points on the timeline of Art History.
Roy Mandell has an affinity for 17th century Dutch still life and landscape painting. Mandell has made a life-long study of the poetry of geometry and symbolism conveyed through composition. His love of nature is transmitted through careful rendering of fruit and flowers, distant landscapes. He identifies the artfulness of the working world in images of local wharves and fishing boats. His work is accessible and elevated at the same time.
Maggie Schmidt is an expressionist. Her painting is one manifestation of boundless creativity that she expresses. In her painting there is a pure exploration of possibility and the struggle of humanity, an endless dialog with the medium that results in work that is utterly honest and moving. But the work is not one-dimensional; she is also a skilled graphic artist. Her facility as a draftsman adds depth and understanding to her construction of abstraction. She is a master of form with the ability to question and blow-apart form in order to create immediate and timeless work.


text:
We will welcome your guests with fruit punch cocktails and guide them round to the garden ½ an hour before the service. We will introduce you both to the registrar's individually as well as organise the witness, photographers & guests (in general everything)
After the ceremony we will provide your quests with a selection of Pimms, Bucks Fizz, Sparkling Wine, Fruit Punch and Cordials, my staff will go around your guests a couple of times with these drinks.
On the day the red carpet will be rolled out for your arrival, and our waiting staff lined alongside with reception drinks of your choice.
We will be waiting to greet you in Reception and take you straight through to the cake table for your photographer to get those special shots of you & your partner cutting the cake. We will have liaised with the photographer beforehand on this.
Whilst your guests relax with their drinks either outside or in the bar, we will arrange a welcome line-up so that you can greet all of your guests, leading them into the restaurant to be met once again by our smiling staff that will show them to their seats, using copies of your seating plan.
Once your guests are in place, you will be cheered & clapped to your seats so that the meal service can begin. Children will be offered a different choice of meal on the day if they or their parents wish and all other dietary requirements will be catered for.
All mineral waters, soft drinks and 3 wine visits to each table will be offered throughout the meal. Also, during the meal, we will check that the top table is happy with the order of speeches etc., -we are there to help and prompt if needed.
After the speeches and presentation of gifts etc., and once your guests have moved through to the bar area or outside, we transform the restaurant with more informal tables -this takes approximately 20 minutes. You and your guests can then return to enjoy the rest of the evening.
Your wedding cake will be placed centre display on the buffet table, behind a curtained area for your evening guests to see.
We will also liaise with your chosen entertainment to ensure they are ready for the evening to begin.
When your evening guests start arriving, we will have a member of staff close by in order to take gifts, leaving you free to greet them.
We will get you both to do the first dance to get the evening under way!
Just before the buffet is opened, we will get you to inspect the huge display of at least 40 different items (see separate list). We are confident that you and your guests will be impressed with the selection.
Our waiting staff will also mingle with guests during this time with platters of hot & cold 'finger' food.
At approximately 10pm we will get the Bride to throw her bouquet to all the ladies in the party. We suggest a separate 'smaller' bouquet is provided for this event, especially if the Bride wishes to have her bouquet preserved.
Chocolate petit fours will be brought around to guests at about 10.30pm and then, just when you thought you couldn't eat another thing, hot sausage rolls will be provided at approximately 11.30pm just before your big 'send off.
The evening finishes at 12.00 midnight, should your guests need to arrange transport home.
Civil Ceremonies & Partnerships
Your whole wedding can be planned outdoors in our beautiful gardens and Victorian Gazebo. We provide non alcoholic fruit punches for your guests before the ceremony and course a separate room for yourselves to relax, and meet the registrars. We will then take you across to the beginning of the red carpet and then play your choice of music through our outdoor garden speakers. The only cost for this is £4 per head, and if the weather turns against us, we can move the whole ceremony indoors, at just 24 Hours notice. Please note this does not include registrars fees. We have all of their paper work here for you to get in touch direct.
And Now For Something Completely Different
We can put you in touch with our independent civil celebrants to totally personalise any or the following for you Sand CeremonyHand FasteningChristian CeremonyCommitment CeremonyThese ceremonies are legally binding so can be carried out very personally after the actual legally binding part be it abroad or a few days earlier.
- Buddhist / Christian Ceremony
- Spiritual Ceremony
- Unity Candle Ceremony
- Rose Ceremony
If you got married abroad or wish to renew your vows, with your very own readings, music, poetry, religions or symbolic style.


text:
Right-to-Work States Outpacing Michigan
Paul Kersey on WJR - 6/24/2009
About this audio file: On June 24, 2009, Paul Kersey, director of Labor Policy for the Mackinac Center, was a guest on "The Frank Beckmann Show" on WJR AM760. Kersey discussed the "Right-to-Work Dashboard," a new feature on the Center's Web site that details economic data and shows that states with right-to-work laws are performing better than Michigan in several statistical categories. The interview is 13 minutes and 31 seconds.


text:
Imagine writing off your car, only to realise you owe more on your car finance agreement than your car insurance company pays you.It's the worst of all worlds. You can't afford to pay your outstanding debt, so you can't afford to replace your car without borrowing more.Unfortunately, due to high depreciation costs on cars and falling resale prices, this is an increasingly common situation for car owners to find themselves in – often through no fault of their own.But there is a solution – GAP insurance.
Mind the GAP
GAP insurance, otherwise known as Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance, exists to cover the difference in the amount your car insurance pays out for your written-off car and the money you still owe on any loans or finance – or the sum you have to pay to replace the car.There are four main kinds of policy offered by GAP insurance providers. These are:
- Return to Invoice (RTI) GAP insurance. For cars aged up to 7 years old, this must be bought within 3 months of buying your car. It covers the difference between your car insurance claim settlement amount and what you paid for the car – i.e. the invoice amount.
- Return to Value (RTV) GAP insurance. For cars aged 3 months to 7 years, this covers the difference between the insurance claim amount and the value of your car when you took out the policy.
- Finance GAP Insurance. This pays out the difference between the settlement amount and the sum outstanding on your loan or finance agreement.
- Replacement GAP Insurance. This covers the cost of replacing your car with the same make and model (or equivalent) as the car you originally bought.
Choosing a GAP Insurance Provider
With these different products on the market, who do you turn to when you need GAP insurance?It will depend on your circumstances, but we believe these companies offer some of the best available GAP insurance deals.
GAP Insurance provider 1: Click4GAP
Click4GAP offers you RTV, RTI and Replacement GAP Insurance and offers lots of good deals on its website.At the time of writing, Click4GAP is offering £5 off to the first 700 customers each week, and you can choose flexible cover up to eight claim limits, lasting one to four years.Better still, the website's 'Build Your Own Quote' function makes it simple to create a GAP insurance quote that's tailored exactly to your needs.Oh, and there's a 21-day money back guarantee – so buying GAP insurance is completely risk free.Visit Click4GAP now »
GAP Insurance provider 2: ALA
ALA has one of the broadest GAP insurance ranges on the market, not only offering the most common forms of GAP insurance cover, but also providing specialist GAP insurance for motorcycles, commercial vans and fleets of company vehicles.Its site is also an informative resource if you'd like to learn more about GAP insurance, and it's easy to get a quote – you just answer a few questions and it'll direct you towards the most appropriate products.ALA works in association with Auto Trader, Exchange and Mart and JCB – and it's particularly worth checking out if you have specialist GAP insurance requirements.Visit ALA now »As with other mainstream insurance policies it's likely to be worth you taking the time to compare quotes to get the best deal. Do make sure you also take the time to fully understand the policy you are buying – having insurance cover in place could prove to be of little value if you haven't bought a policy that really does meet your needs.If in doubt seek professional advice, an insurance broker for example will be able to help you.


text:
The Office of the State Veterinarian is responsible for the prevention, control and eradication of animal diseases in all animals in the state including livestock and pets. This includes oversight of the dairy industry in the production of milk, cheeses, and frozen desserts and ensuring that the commercial supply of reindeer meat is safe, wholesome and correctly labeled and packaged. These activities involve safeguarding the health and food production capacity of the State's livestock, reindeer and poultry and preventing the transmission of animal diseases to man. The prevention and control of domestic animal diseases are achieved through four major areas of activity: Import/Export, Disease Surveillance and Control, Dairy Program, and Reindeer Slaughter.
In addition the office also is responsible for the Fish Tissue Monitoring Program that is evaluating Alaskan fishes for mercury, trace metals, and other environmental contaminants.
State Veterinarian:
Dr. Robert Gerlach, VMD
(907) 375-8215
Alerts and Advisories
- OSV Newsletters
- Fall 2017 (New) (PDF)
- Summer 2017 (PDF)
- Avian Influenza FAQs - August 2016 (PDF)
- Animal Health/Feed and Alerts
- Avian Influenza and Biosecurity Online Resource Links (PDF)
- Volunteers to join the NAHERC (PDF)
- Update Veterinarian Contact Information (PDF)
- USDA Latest News Releases
Animal Health
- Animal Health Regulations (Updated 2017) (PDF)
- FAQs - updated 8/25/16 12:30pm (PDF)
- Comment Response Summary (PDF)
- Alaska Animal Health Emergency Management Plan (PDF)
- Veterinary Practice and Animal Care
- Biosecurity (PDF)
Disease Traceability
- ADT Standards (PDF)
- The ABC's of ADT (PDF)
Dairy and Meat
- Sale of Dairy Products at Farmer's Markets (PDF)
- Reindeer Slaughtering and Processing
- Cheese Production Regulations
- Dairy Production Regulations
- Termination of Non-Regulatory Dairy Tests (New) (PDF)
- OSV Produce Safety Program
- FSMA Final Rule on Produce Safety
- Key Requirements: Final Rule on Produce Safety (PDF)
- Produce Safety Alliance
- Produce Safety Rule FAQs
- Coverage and Exemptions/Exclusions
- FDA Considering Simplifying Agricultural Water Standards
- Produce Sales Record Template (Word)
- What Is the FSMA Produce Safety Rule and How Will It Affect Me? (PDF)
- Produce Growers Food Safety Workshop: Palmer, 12/6-7/17 **CANCELED**
- Study of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in Alaska's Domestic Sheep and Goats (New)
- American Sheep Industry Newsletter-Scrapie
- Reportable Diseases (PDF)
- Measures to Prevent Disease Associated with Animals in Public Settings (PDF)
- Rabies Compendium (PDF)
- OIE Technical Disease Cards
- Grey Book FAD Disease Reference (PDF)
- US State Veterinarians (PDF)
Includes e-mail addresses for electronic submission of CVIs.
- Sheep and Goat Transiting Canada (PDF)
- Interstate Movement of Livestock Guide
- National/International Animal Movement Regulations: Animals and Animal Products
- International Travel with Pets (PDF)
- AVMA: State Importation Requirements for Companion Animals and Equine
- Alaska Import Regulations
- Alaska Pet Import/Export Questions
- Navigating Pet Travel? Let APHIS Help
Alaska Import Fact Sheets
- Cattle (PDF)
- Camelids (PDF)
- Cervids (PDF)
- Equines (PDF)
- Goats (PDF)
- Poultry (PDF)
- Sheep (PDF)
- Swine (PDF)
Anyone importing animals for Direct or Immediate Slaughter must contact the Office of the State Veterinarian directly to request an import permit. Please call 907-375-8215 to request a permit.


text:
I did quite a bit of SAS programming in my work for over 20 years -- actually, from 1980 through 2001. In the early days, SAS was a mainframe-only product, but I liked it anyway. It's PL/I-like syntax resonated with me, then a PL/I programmer. In contrast to other statistical packages like SPSS and BMDP popular at the time, SAS was far more advanced in programming and data management capabilities, a critical differentiator pre SQL and data warehouse eras, when many analyses were one off, and linking disparate data sets was a big challenge. In the early 80's SAS made the strategically-critical decision to expand to mini and personal computers, in the process converting its code base from mainframe Assembler/Fortran/PL/I to the common C language so it could run on any platform. That investment paid off handsomely, catapulting SAS to the top of the statistical software market.
SAS continued fortifying its data management capabilities in the 80's and 90's, providing access to just about any type of file format, ASCII or EBCDIC, mainframe, mini or PC, and relational databases. It's introduction of a powerful SQL procedure further distanced SAS from competitors. With extensive programming language and function libraries, file and database access features, and data set handling capabilities, SAS could not only analyze your data, it could programmatically build your intelligence data stores as either SAS data sets or relational databases. I started using SAS more and more for data migration and reporting tasks, often in situations that had little to do with its statistical lineage.
As an executive with a fast-growing business intelligence consultancy in the 90's, one of my strategic goals was to make SAS as successful in other business environments as it was in pharmaceutical and financial services research – to the mutual benefit of both SAS and my company. Data warehousing was becoming increasingly popular, but ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) tools like Informatica and Ascential were not yet pervasive in the market. Ubiquitous in financial services and pharma, SAS became a second generation (Cobol was first) language for populating the data warehouse in many instances. Companies were using SAS data step programming to load data and issue reports.
I left my then-BI company at the end of 2001, joining a small consultancy in early 2002. I immediately called the local office of SAS in search of my sales contact but found instead a new regime – one much less supportive of partnering with small companies like mine. Much to my chagrin, I was unable to negotiate a demo license deal, offered only a software discount that was nevertheless prohibitively expensive for my new employer. I had to settle for plan B, purchase of an inexpensive but limited-capability student license. After a few futile attempts to work with this neutered product, I gave up, deciding instead to find non-SAS alternatives. After 21 years, I was getting a statistical divorce.
To replace SAS, I needed to find tools that offered both statistical and programming/data management capabilities. Fortunately, I wasn't starting from square one. I'd been working with Perl for a few years and grown to appreciate its capabilities. The more experimenting I did, the easier it became for me to do things in Perl I'd historically done in SAS. A year or so later, I started using Perl competitors Python and then Ruby – like Perl but object-oriented as well. By that time, I was pretty adept at programming with agile languages. They had powerful but simple programming and data constructs, and could access the Internet as well as a variety of file types and relational databases. That the languages were OO meant they were more suitable for larger tasks than SAS data step programming.
On the statistical side, I started using S+ from Insightful. I'll be the first to admit the learning transition from SAS to S+ was steep and sometimes frustrating. But after several months, I started to "get it" – thinking in S+ rather than in SAS. The big step up in graphics capabilities alone was worth the short term angst. I also discovered S+'s academic step brother R a bit later, and finally had the pieces I needed for my statistical needs – open source R alongside Python or Ruby, with databases MySQL and Postgres for good measure. There was even an interface that allowed Python to embed R. Much as I liked SAS back in the day, I preferred this statistical platform in 2002.
In 2009, statistical packages are simply components of a larger information factory, co-existing with relational databases, ETL tools, query and reporting packages, OLAP, visualization software and dashboards. In my meanderings across the BI and statistical markets for OpenBI, however, I continue to find companies shackled with SAS legacy code that's worked well for a long time – but with onerous licensing annuities. The sunk development costs of these apps paralyzes the firms from considering upgrades to more modern and inexpensive ETL and reporting technologies like open source Pentaho and Talend.
A few weeks ago, I discovered the World Programming System, software "that provides a code interpreter that can execute programs written in the language of SAS." Intrigued, I downloaded a 30 day trial and started constructing simple scripts. It was like seeing an ex after eight years of separation. A couple of hours into the work, I started feeling comfortable with the forgotten SAS syntax, though I repeatedly omitted terminating semi-colons and run statements. I then submitted more sophisticated programs in deep storage from yesteryear, continually increasing the size of data sets I was loading, ultimately finishing with one of several million records. A 800,000 case, 40 attribute SAS data set took less than a minute to create with WPS on my Vista notebook. All told, WPS has more than met my expectations: Every line of data programming syntax I've tried to date has worked with excellent performance.
After a review of the WPS website and a chat with a very helpful marketing manager, along with research that confirmed WPS licensing costs to be a fraction of SAS, I've concluded that WPS could provide a huge savings benefit to those companies with a significant commitment to SAS data step programming. One caveat: WPS has at this time implemented just a few SAS statistical procs, so it wouldn't be feasible to migrate statistical proc-intensive applications. But for those companies with a legacy commitment to SAS programming who can partition their code into data and statistics, I'd enthusiastically recommend a look at WPS. Do a 30 day trial and put the software through its paces with your SAS data and programs. Assess the ROI versus the status quo. You might just find savings you can use in other BI areas.
Steve Miller's blog can also be found atmiller.openbi.com.
Register or login for access to this item and much more
All Information Management content is archived after seven days.
Community members receive:
- All recent and archived articles
- Conference offers and updates
- A full menu of enewsletter options
- Web seminars, white papers, ebooks
Already have an account? Log In
Don't have an account? Register for Free Unlimited Access


text:
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney has shuffled two of its top executives as it aims to bolster ties its Consulting Group business has with the firm's wealth advisory services and the clients its advisory force serves.
Consulting Group head Jim Walker has been named head of product strategy, with Jim Tracy stepping in to serve as new Consulting Group leader. The moves were disclosed in a memo from Morgan Stanley executive Andy Saperstein to the brokerage business's U.S. employees on Wednesday.
Consulting Group is a division of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney serving both individual and institutional clients. The new roles come after Saperstein was named head of the investment products and services business - a new division combining investment strategy and client solutions with the capital markets businesses-in June.
Walker's promotion comes two years after he was tapped to lead the Consulting Group succeeding Tracy, who moved to the post of chief operating officer of distribution and development for U.S. wealth management at the time.
In his new role, Walker will report to Saperstein and private banking group head Shelley O'Connor. He will be responsible for "distribution strategies, client experience, market intelligence and the coordination of marketing activities" between the investment products and services business and the firm's private bank, the memo said. His work on product strategy will also include the private banking business.
Walker came to the firm from Citi Smith Barney, and has 27 years of industry experience after first starting out as an advisor at Merrill Lynch in 1985.
Tracy will now serve in the expanded role of Consulting Group leader as the firm strives to strengthen the tie between the wealth advisory services it provides and its advisors' ability to serve their clients, Saperstein's memo said. In his new role, Tracy will also lead Graystone Consulting, financial planning solutions, the family director program and wealth planning centers. He reports to Saperstein.
Tracy has almost 30 years of wealth industry experience including his current role as head of national sales and business development for Morgan Stanley's U.S. wealth management business. He previously served as director of the Consulting Group for five years.
The new appointments come after Morgan Stanley streamlined its brokerage business regions last month, down to 12 from 16, resulting in four management position cuts.
Register or login for access to this item and much more
All On Wall Street content is archived after seven days.
Community members receive:
- All recent and archived articles
- Conference offers and updates
- A full menu of enewsletter options
- Web seminars, white papers, ebooks
Already have an account? Log In
Don't have an account? Register for Free Unlimited Access


text:
Ripe with lots of great Living Room Design Ideas Singapore just for you
Room Design Singapore can be amongst the most enjoyable activities where you might partake in. You reach create an area of your personal, that your personal preferences and desires in mind. The only points you call for are a little experience and also acknowledge simply how, if you wish to understand specifically what it takes, you have to keep reading this short article. Room Design could develop space in your living room which gives it a cozy appearance. Area can be defined as the specs of the room about length, size, and altitude. Most living-room are large, occasionally the largest in your house.
When using a Room Design Singapore, ensure you see a portfolio initially. This will allow you recognize whether you as well as the programmer have the identical needs. A talented programmer can do a lot of things, but if you do not like his/her design, you could need to search for one much better matched to you. Some individuals would consider their living room as the key home in their residence, where site visitors in addition to member of the family collect to watch TV, checked out as well as talk.
Living Room Interior Design Singapore suggests having a layout for your Living Room that gives a reputable in addition to satisfying area where to prep meals along with do pertinent tasks. Identifying the Living Room job triangle suggestion along with standard Living Room types is a valuable beginning point to design that you such as. Living Room Singapore can aid you find out concerning the cooking area work triangular? The Living Room job triangular includes the array between the sink, fridge as well as selection or cooktop. Every one of these places ends up being a focal point in the kitchen as well as develops the 3 points of a triangular with numerous arrays between them.
A Living Room is the primary head office for the family members. Living Room is commonly the showplace of the house, and yet it is needed to work well for a large range of jobs. Living Room Design Ideas Singapore might design a well-appointed, wonderfully clothed Living Room that will provide both a sensation of wellness as well as a liked location in your home. As they plan your new kitchen, they think about both the utility as well as the appearance element. Done appropriately, appropriate Living Room design will supply you one of one of the most reliable cooking area design in your cooking area.
Living Room Design Ideas Singapore could produce common living-room for you. When we think about common living room design we regularly associate it with large houses, estates, resorts and also hotels and royal residences. Conventional living room design has in fact existed for a very long time as a result of the authorities as well as classy impact it offers your home. Therefore strategy properly for the size of the living room when doing your living room designs.
In order to establish an assumption of modernization, Living Room Ideas Singapore consists of the optimal living room devices that will definitely highlight the appearance of the room. They develop modern principles patterned to your needs and individuality. A living room can be described in many various terms. For some people it is a simple seats area or lounge place.


text:
Kim Kardashian is determined to be "more realistic" about love following her recent marriage split, after conceding she needs to "snap out" of her fairy tale romance dream.
The socialite parted ways from basketball player Kris Humphries last month (Oct11), filing for divorce just 72 days after the couple's lavish televised wedding.
Kardashian insists she's always been "a hopeless romantic", but admits she's losing faith in finding lasting love following the end of her second marriage.
She tells Glamour magazine, "Maybe my fairy tale has a different ending than I dreamed it would. I always wanted what Mom and Dad had. And at first, I was like, 'I want six kids.' Then I went down to four... and now I'm like, 'Maybe I won't have any.' Maybe I'll just be a good aunt. The fact (is) that what I want isn't possible.
"I believe in love and the dream of having the perfect relationship, but my idea of it has changed. I think I need to not live in a fairy tale like that. I think I maybe need to just snap out of it and be a little more realistic."
Kardashian wed producer Damon Thomas in 2000 but the couple divorced in 2004.


text:
Kris Humphries' Sister Signs Contract With Ford Models
The NBA forward's sibling, Kaela, joins the agency's plus-size division.
Call it the Kardashian by Association Effect.
Kaela Humphries just so happens to be the sister of Kris Humphries, who was infamously dumped by Kim Kardashian after 72 days of marriage. In that short time, and in the lead-up to their blockbuster TV wedding, her brother went from semi-famous NBA player to reality star and household name.
The Minnesota-raised aspiring model is about to make a name for herself, too: she's just signed a contract with Ford Models' plus-size division. Humphries was previously signed to Wilhelmina Models in Los Angeles.
"She is a true size 16-18 and is going to be a fantastic asset to Ford," Ford exec Gary Dakin told the fashion-industry news site Fashionista.
PHOTOS: Hollywood's 19 Shortest Marriages
Humphries, 29, no doubt benefitted from some exposure on TV. When her sibling's relationship with Kardashian began to sour, she popped up on an episode of E!'s Kourtney & KIm Take New York to hang out with him. (Kardashian, preferred to spend time alone rather than bond with the Humphries.)
The ex-Mrs. Humphries set the gossip mill into a frenzy when she did not show up with her husband to watch her sister-in-law walk the runway at Richie Richie's show at New York Fashion Week last fall.
In January, Humphries made a cameo in the CW series Remodeled, in which she discussed joining "The Network," a mini-comglomerate of smaller modeling agencies.


text:
Preventing Sexual Harassment in Agriculture - Project Trailer from Alexandra Lewis-Lorentz on Vimeo.
Projects | Resources | Research
This project was created in response to concerns voiced by farmworker health and social service providers about the occupational health risks of women agricultural workers, as well as increased media and legal attention regarding sexual harassment in the agricultural workplace. The hidden nature of this issue profoundly impacts women's ability to work safely in agriculture. The agricultural industry also shares its concern about the lack of culturally-appropriate educational resources available to address this problem. The overall objective of this project is to examine and address sexual harassment as an occupational health hazard in the Washington agricultural workforce. The short-term goals of this project are to: 1) develop educational and informational products that address sexual harassment in the agricultural workplace; and 2) effectively disseminate these products through key stakeholders and throughout the Yakima Valley using a variety of methods. The long-term goal is to share this educational and informational strategy with other agricultural communities throughout Washington. This project comes with strong commitments from key leaders at the WA State Human Rights Commission, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), Northwest Justice Project, WA Growers League, Equitable Food Initiative, Inc, and WA State Department of Agriculture, all of whom served as advisors as part of the SH Project Advisory Committee 2014-2015 (PAC) and most of whom are on the current SH Video Advisory Committee 2015-2017 (VAC).
Contact us
Victoria Adela Breckwich Vásquez, DrPH, MPH, MA
Assistant Professor, UW Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies
Adjunct Assistant Professor, UW School of Public Health, Dept of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences
In the News | Selected Resources
- Victoria Breckwich Vásquez Testimony| WA State House of Labor and Workplace Standards Committee, 16 November 17
- Acoso sexual en industria agrícola sigue bajo la sombra | El Sol de Yakima, 16 November 17
- Where is the #METOO for sexual harassment against immigrant workers? | Seattle Times, 13 November 17
- Still silenced: sexual harassment of farm workers rarely makes headlines | Yakima Herald, 11 November 17
- Sexual Harassment in Ag Forum – 9/24/16 @ 1-4pm, Yakima Valley Community College (PDF Spanish / PDF English)
- Bandanas Connect Students with Farmworkers, UW Bothell News (5/12/16)
- Sexual Harassment Prevention Video Promotional Trainer Released! (4/11/16)
- Preventing Sexual Harassment in Agriculture Facebook Page Launches (3/8/16)
- Working in Fear, Sexual Violence Against Women Farmworkers in the United States: A Literature Review | OXFAM America, December 14
- Three Plans to Stop Rape in the Fields | PBS - FRONTLINE Update, 5 June 14
- Effort to Stymie Sex Abuse of Female Farmworkers | UW Health Sciences Newsbeat, 29 May 14
- "Rape in the Fields," a documentary that reveals the workplace sexual harassment in agriculture that many women farmworkers endure
Sexual Harassment in Agriculture: A Worksite Prevention Video
It is clear that there are few culturally-appropriate educational tools to train farmworkers and farm managers about sexual harassment at the agricultural worksite. The objective of this project is to develop a Spanish and English video that can be distributed to all farms for use in health and safety training.
Project Staff
Victoria Breckwich Vásquez, DrPH, MPH, MA (Principal Investigator/Executive Director)
Alexandra Lewis-Lorentz, PhD (Co-Investigator/Video Producer/Director)
Jody Early, PhD, MCHES (Co-Investigator/Evaluator)
Nicole Davis, BA, MPH(c) (Research Coordinator)
Elizabeth Torres, BS (Project Coordinator)
Maricela Martinez, BA (Research Assistant)
Isabel Reyes-Paz, BA (Research Assistant)
Video Advisory Committee 2015-2017 (VAC)
• William Tamayo, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
• Juanita Soto, Washington State Human Rights Commission
• Deliana Garcia, Migrant Clinicians Network
• Kevin Boyle, Equitable Food Initiative
• Michael Gempler, WA Grower's League
• Paula Zambrano (Community Health Worker/Research Assistant)
• Carmen Mireles (Community Health Worker/Research Assistant)
• Phyllis Gutierrez-Kenney
• Jeff Ostenson, North 40 Productions
• Guadalupe Gamboa, WA State Human Rights Commission
This project is funded by Equitable Food Initiative, the UW Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center, WA State Human Rights Commission, Sea Mar Community Health Centers, WAFLA, and the UW Royalty Research Fund. A special thanks to Laura Inouye and Guadalupe Gamboa at Oxfam America for finding seed money for this project that got us started. We continue to accept financial donations to complete this project by Fall 2017. Please contact Marcy Harrington (firstname.lastname@example.com) at PNASH to find out more information about how to donate.
The Bandana Project
Our staff participates in the National Bandana Project, a public awareness-building movement and activity designed to focus attention on the issue of sexual harassment in agriculture. In 2014 Paula Zambrano, Carmen Mireles and other farmworker women in Yakima Valley designed the artwork of the bandanas alongside our project staff and students. In 2016, UW Bothell students designed bandanas in solidarity with farmworker women.
Credit for the National Bandana Project goes to attorney Monica Ramirez and Esperanza leaders, a concept developed years ago when Ms. Ramirez was at the Southern Poverty Law Center. For a description of the national effort, see the Bandana Project webpage.
- Sexual Harassment Prevention Resource Wallet Cards
- Spanish-Language Radionovela on Sexual Harassment Prevention
- Play/Theater El Moscas: Preventing Sexual Harassment in Agriculture
- Sexual Harassment Training Video
- Washington State Human Rights Commission
Sexual Harassment Prevention Resource Wallet Cards
Although not originally part of the project plan, we were approached by both women farmworkers and Equal Employment Opportunity Committee (EEOC) lawyers in Seattle to work on the development of something that could be used during outreach and that would contain key resources for farmworkers regarding sexual harassment and their rights. Together with UW migrant students from the University of Washington CAMP Program, the women farmworkers and project team developed this wallet card. It is small enough to fit in someone's wallet, purse or pocket, and the lamination protects it from damage. These were made in-house at PNASH and are welcome to be adapted to other areas (they contain Yakima-specific resources). 18,000 were distributed in the Yakima Valley region in Summer 2014, and a second printing of 25,000 continue to be distributed throughout the WA state and Northwest region.
Spanish-Language Radionovela on Sexual Harassment Prevention
NCEC/Radio KDNA created a Spanish-language Radionovela on women's health and sexual harassment in agriculture based on key prevention messages. Radio KDNA has a pretesting and vetting process with all of its products. Actors were chosen from among those with a farmworker background to ensure cultural and industry relevance. In addition, the PAC reviewed the draft Radionovela script to make sure legal requirements (definition of sexual harassment, what behaviors constitute it, the importance of reporting, and referral sources) were met.
Transcript (English) pdf. (forthcoming)
The four-minute radionovela was aired on Radio KDNA throughout the summer of 2014 and we held 2 radio call-in shows to answer audience questions.
Play/Teatro El Moscas: Preventing Sexual Harassment in Agriculture
In collaboration with leaders in the Washington State Department of Agriculture, we adapted the characters/script of the pesticide education play, El Moscas. The theater production, "Preventing Sexual Harassment in Agriculture," was designed to spread awareness and educate people about what to do if sexual harassment occurs in the orchard or warehouse where they work. Modeled on "theater of the oppressed" principles, this play seeks to empower workers to take action and unite to eliminate sexual harassment in agriculture. Performances were held in Summer 2014 and were open to farmworkers, supervisors, and families in rural Washington.
Sexual Harassment Training Video for Agricultural Workers
A training video (in English and Spanish) is being developed for farmworkers, growers, supervisors, and managers in the agricultural industry. It focuses on the importance of the problem of sexual harassment in the agricultural Industry, the legal definition of sexual harassment, and steps to identifying and preventing sexual harassment. The script is currently being finalized.
See the video's promotional trailer that highlights the need for such a workplace training video in the agricultural industry.
WA State Human Rights Commission
Discrimination in employment on the basis of a person's sex or pregnancy is a violation of RCW 49.60 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. More information about sexual harassment in the workplace.
- Preventing Farmworker Sexual Harassment: Developing and Evaluating a Community-Engaged Worksite Training Intervention with and for Agricultural Stakeholders (2018-present)
Health & Safety of Agricultural Women Workers Study (2013-2014)
The main objective of this study was to understand the experiences and perceptions of health and sexual harassment by farmworker women at the agricultural workplace. Questions included how they or others they know have experienced sexual harassment, what they see as enabling or protective factors for sexual harassment, and potential prevention messages for sexual harassment communication. Four focus groups were recruited and facilitated by community health workers/advocates. We collected demographic information.
All study procedures and materials described were approved by the University of Washington's Institutional Review Board.
Initial focus group analysis resulted in the development of prevention messages for each of 3 key groups: women farmworkers, managers/supervisors, and growers/owners. Findings were incorporated into draft video script content. An expanded analysis of the focus groups resulted in a Master's in Public Health Thesis by the project's Research Analyst. Listed below is a publication based on these results.
Research-to-Action Staff
Victoria Breckwich Vásquez, DrPH, MPH, MA (Project Director)
Catherine Karr, PhD, MD (Principal Investigator)
Nicole Kim, MD, MPH (Research Analyst)
Elizabeth Torres, BS (Project Coordinator)
Paula Zambrano (Community Health Worker/Research Assistant)
Carmen Mireles (Community Health Worker/Research Assistant)
Maricela Martinez, BA (Research Assistant)
Ruben Reyes, BS (Research Assistant)
Isabel Reyes-Paz, BA (Research Assistant)
Project Advisory Committee 2013-2014 (PAC)
William Tamayo, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Juanita Soto, Washington State Human Rights Commission
Ofelio Borges, Washington State Department of Agriculture
Mike Gempler, WA Grower's League
Graciela Navarro, Northwest Justice Project
Guadalupe Gamboa, Oxfam America
Lilia Gomez, Washington State Department of Labor & Industries
This project was funded by the Washington State Medical Aid & Accident Fund through the University of Washington's Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences.
Peer-Reviewed Publications
"Breaking the Silence: Sexual Harassment of Mexican Women Farmworkers." Journal of Agromedicine, April 2016.
Cultural and Communication Perspectives from the Agricultural Sector about Sexual Harassment Prevention and Training (2015-2017)
This study seeks to understand cultural factors and perspectives that are important in communications about preventing sexual harassment. We conducted 7 focus group interviews with participants from 3 key target groups (managers/supervisors, female farmworkers, and male farmworkers) and are in the process of analyzing the data we collected. This study will then translate the findings and integrate them into the sexual harassment prevention training video script content.
All study procedures and materials described were approved by the University of Washington's Institutional Review Board.
Research Staff
Victoria Breckwich Vásquez, DrPH, MPH, MA (Principal Investigator)
Elizabeth Torres, BA (Research Coordinator)
Maricela Martinez, BA (Research Assistant, Fall 2015-Fall 2016)
Anais Muñoz, BA (Research Assistant, Spring-Fall 2016)
Isabel Reyes-Paz, VA (Research Assistant, Fall 2015-Fall 2016)
Brenda Solis, BA (Research Assistant, Spring 2016)
Guadalupe Gamboa, JD (Facilitator)
Francisco Rios (Facilitator)
Paula Zambrano (Community Health Worker/Facilitator)
Carmen Mireles (Community Health Worker/Facilitator)
Funding was made possible by the UW Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies


text:
Logo for download:
Have I written about you? Use this logo to link to the story from your site.
On 1,001 Chicago Afternoons:
Chicago Tribune, "'1001 Afternoons in Chicago' comes to life, in music and in pictures," Nov. 13, 2015
Gapers Block, "1001 Chicago Afternoons Salute Ben Hecht," April 10, 2015
WBEZ's Afternoon Shift, May 12, 2014
A Literary Reeder, "Ben Hecht Redux," May 11, 2014
Gapers Block, "Toy Stories," Jan. 10, 2014
Your Chicago Podcast, Episode 36, Aug. 12, 2013
Gapers Block, "Scheherazade of the City," March 26, 2013
Chicago Tribune, "Change of Subject: 'Afternoons' delight," Aug. 22, 2012
Chicago Tribune, "Change of Subject: 1001 stories? What the Hecht!" May 31, 2012
On Welcome to the Neighborhood:
Chicago Tribune, "Welcome to the Neighborhood aims to diversify Chicago live lit," Jan. 29, 2015
Chicago Reader, "Welcome to the Neighborhood," Jan. 15, 2015
Crain's Chicago Business, "10 Things to Do," Jan. 15, 2015
Chicago Reader, "Assembling a picture of Chicago, neighborhood by neighborhood," Aug. 9, 2013
Gapers Block, "Stories from Around the Way @ Cole's Bar," Aug. 9, 2013
Chicagoist, "Pencil This In: Chi Lit – Tales Of The Neighborhood," Aug. 13, 2013
On Paul Dailing:
Chicago Headline Club, "Congratulations to our 2013 Lisagor winners!" May 3, 2014
Chicago Headline Club, "Congrats to our Lisagor Finalists!" March 19, 2014
Chicago Headline Club, "Congratulations to our Lisagor Finalists!" March 23, 2013
MediaWeek (U.K.), "Time to take direct action to ensure we get the media we want," April 15, 2009
Chicago Tribune, "Chicago Methods Reporter catches hold of a new wind," May 7, 2008
Zombie Anti-Defamation League, "Huff-Po Disses Zombies, Twitter," April 27, 2009