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InnoHub Luxembourg is a soft landing platform and accelerator for national and international startups that want to scale up their business by commercialising their product or service from Luxembourg to international markets.
Exxus, MindForest and Ines Media, experts in the field of innovation, change management and marketing founded InnoHub Luxembourg with the objective to offer a unique one-stop shop for entrepreneurs that want to conquer physical and or digital markets globally.
InnoHub has been founded by and for entrepreneurs and has a truly hands-on and operational-focused approach with the objective to diminish time wasting of innovative development processes. It offers a quick access to an established unique international partner network of investors, financial institutions, marketing experts, innovation managers… by guaranteeing an outstanding quality, as customers satisfaction is the main criteria that decides over the affiliation of the strategic partnerships.
A key activity of InnoHub Luxembourg is a unique partner pooling of experts that cover the 4 crunch points of every innovative development, supporting startups in each step of their strategic evolution, allowing huge time saving, an acceleration of procedures and an end-to-end approach for a successful and sustainable development.
We have been founded by and for entrepreneurs.


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Youth Services | Immigrants | Tourists
The city of Jyväskylä is located in the lake district of Central Finland. Jyväskylä´s population growth rate is one of the highest in Finland. With the population of 137 000, City of Jyväskylä is the seventh largest city in Finland. The Jyväskylä region is easily reached by land and air: the distance of 270 kilometres from Helsinki takes only 35 minutes by plane and some 3 hours by car or by rail.
City of education
Jyväskylä is a city of education: everyfourth passer-by is a school goer or a student in Jyväskylä. Jyväskylä is a school and university city with 47 000 students during the academic year, providing a diversity of educational offerings for people of all ages. The multidisciplinary University of Jyväskylä** and the JAMK University of Applied Sciences** are among Finland's leading research and educational institutions with an increasing number of international students. Jyväskylä achieved the best grade for cooperation between companies and schools in annual municipality image survey. Jyväskylä is also the forerunner in education export.
City of culture and events
Jyväskylä is home for a large variety of cultural activities such as concerts, festivals, museums and theatres. The Jyväskylä Festival**, which is the oldest on-going summer festival in Scandinavia, concentrates on non-verbal theatre. Jyväskylä is also a broad-based city of music with its own symphony orchestra, Sinfonia Finlandia Jyväskylä, as well as a children's music orchestra called Loiskis*. In Jyväskylä art as a hobby can be started even before school age and continued until a professional qualification is attained.
Jyväskylä is the second most important fair city in Finland. Every year several domestic and international congresses are held at the congress and trade fair centre Jyväskylä Paviljonki**.
Internationally Jyväskylä is perhaps best known for the architecture of Alvar Aalto** and for the world championship rally Neste Oil Rally Finland**
City of skills, competence and innovations
Jyväskylä is one of Finland's centres of growth. Special expertise can be found in the fields of paper manufacturing and paper machinery as well as energy production, environmental, information and wellness technology as well as nanotechnology.
Jyväskylä Regional Development Company Jykes Ltd **. is a business promotion and development company owned by the four municipalities of the Jyväskylä Region. The aim of Jykes is to create a favourable business environment and to improve the co-operation between companies and the public sector.
The Agora Center** is an independent, high-standard, and interdisciplinary research institute within the University of Jyväskylä, focusing on developing human-centered information technology.
City of sports
The landscape of Jyväskylä is varied with lakes, forests and hills within a walking distance of the city centre. Jyväskylä has a wide range of possibilities for those keen on excising and sports. There are approximately 450 sports venues and 200 local sports clubs in Jyväskylä.
The Laajavuori* skiing centre and recreation area provides excellent opportunities for winter sports and other activities. Lively pedestrian precinct and beautiful university campus right in the city centre are central places for different events.
Foreign residents and international networks
There are approximately 3700 foreign residents in Jyväskylä from over 100 different countries. Russians and Estonians constitute the largest groups in the foreign community. Jyväskylä City Library is able to offer most immigrants material in their native language. Jyväskylä is a member of several international networks and has twin cities in twelve countries.
Facts about Jyväskylä:
International Relations Office
+358 (0)14 266 1560
City Hall
P.O.Box 193
FI-40101 Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä Region Tourist Office
Address: Jyväskylä Info, Kauppakeskus Forum, 2nd floor
Asemakatu 7, FI-40100 Jyväskylä
Tel. +358 14 266 0113
travel (at) jkl.fi
City HallKangas AreaMartti Ahtisaari lecturesAward for Excellent International Activity
City of Light
News ArchiveEmergenciesNetGalleryEvents CalendarWeather *
Copyright © City of Jyväskylä 2018 | To the top of page

subset: commoncrawl


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Dear All,
i test BSC v4.1 in lab, and i would like to increase default flow/group/meter.... stastics time more than default "3s".
does anyone know how to do this?
01-20-2017 10:43 AM - edited 01-20-2017 11:02 AM
Hello @mark0303
Welcome to the Community!
While we still encourage the community to assist with your post, I wanted to let you I have passed your questions on to our TAC Engagement Team and they will be reaching out to you shortly to gather some more information regarding your configuration, so we can get you in touch with the correct group.
I encourage you to continue to post in the community and let me know if there is any way I can help. Once your post is resolved, we will make sure to post the resolution back to the community to help other members.
You can find out more about the TAC Engaged program by clicking on the image below.
Thank you,
Denise K.
Brocade Community Team


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Give Your STIHL a Strong Start
It's time to awaken your STIHL equipment from its winter slumber. Before you pull your tools out of storage and put them to work, make sure you've prepared them for your spring workload. This checklist of proper maintenance tips will help get your equipment out of hibernation and ready to run.
NOTE: For a comprehensive list of maintenance and repair instructions, refer to your product's instruction manual.
- Check the condition of your spark plugs and replace if necessary.
- Check air filters for dirt and damage to determine if any need cleaning or replacement. Clean debris from blowers and trimmers as well.
- Inspect your equipment for broken parts, and replace any that are broken or damaged.
- Check screws and nuts, and retighten them if necessary.
- Now is a good time to sharpen or change saw chains, as well as replace trimmer line.
- Lubricate parts where friction will occur.
- Check power cords on electric tools for damage or wear.
- When mixing fuel, use fresh fuel (stored for less than 2 months) and new 2-cycle engine oil. View Mixing Tips.
- Use STIHL MotoMix® Patented Premixed Fuel in your fuel tanks. STIHL MotoMix® is a highly stable blend that will
help to ensure great performance.
- Don't put your power tool to work immediately—after a season of storage, let it warm up for a few minutes before use.
We Can Help
Not sure if your STIHL equipment requires additional parts and service? Just drop by our Dealership for some helpful advice. While you're here, pick up replacement parts and anything else you need for your spring maintenance, such as the proper oils and lubricants for your equipment. Don't have time to do all this maintenance on your own? No problem – we also service what we sell. Our first-class service is one of the many perks of owning a STIHL.
STIHL Battery Maintenance
While battery-powered equipment does not require much of the same maintenance as gasoline engines, there are still a few things to keep in mind. Here are a few tips on the storage and maintenance of your STIHL batteries, such as the AP 300 battery and AR 900 backpack battery.
NOTE: For a comprehensive list of maintenance and repair instructions, refer to your product's instruction manual.
Battery Storage:
When your battery is not in use, put it in a safe place and secure it against unauthorized use. Store the battery out of the reach of children. Store indoors in a dry and safe location. Protect it from dirt and damage.
Do NOT place battery on or near fires, stoves or in other high-temperature locations. Do not place battery in direct sunlight when not in use or store it inside a vehicle in hot weather. Doing so may cause the battery to generate heat, rupture or ignite. Using batteries in this manner may also result in a loss of performance and a shortened life.
PRO TIP: To ensure maximum battery life, store with a charge of about 30%. Also, do not store spare batteries – use all your STIHL batteries in rotation.
Battery Maintenance:Use and store the battery only within a temperature range from 14 ºF (-10 ºC) and no more than 122 ºF (+50 ºC).
If LED display on the battery flash red and a rapid succession of short beeps sound for several seconds, the battery is not functioning properly – disconnect the battery from the power tool, check its condition and contact your STIHL servicing Dealer immediately.
Before use, inspect the electrical contacts for damage at regular intervals. If any damage is found, contact your STIHL servicing Dealer. Do not continue using or charging a malfunctioning, damaged, cracked or deformed battery, cable or adapter.
Always clean dust and dirt off the battery. Do not use any grease solvents for this purpose. Clean plastic surfaces with a cloth. Do not use aggressive detergents. They may damage the plastic. Do not spray the battery with water. Do not use a pressure washer to clean your battery. The solid jet of water may damage parts of the battery and cause malfunctions.
Electric Maintenance TipsSTIHL electric tools require little maintenance in the spring and fall. However, there are a few things that owners can do, as outlined in your instruction manual, to keep the unit in peak operating condition.
Before starting the machine, thoroughly clean it. Store machine in a dry, high or locked location, out of the reach of children and other unauthorized persons. Prior to use, visually inspect the machine, including control handle and cooling inlets. Ensure they are clean and undamaged.
STIHL electric tools are precisely engineered and require a servicing STIHL Dealer to properly conduct maintenance and repairs. These tools are double insulated to protect the operator and the equipment's internal components. Servicing a double insulated appliance requires extreme care and knowledge of the system, and should be done only by qualified service personnel. Replacement parts for a double-insulated power tool must be identical to the parts they replace.


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I'm still floating now over a week after the "Sarton-100" symposium in York, Maine, celebrating May Sarton's 100th birth anniversary, May 3 – 6, 2012. People from all over the USA gathered to honor her, remember her, learn about her, share their stories about her. I had the feeling that May was smiling over this beautiful tribute to her.
The Sarton-100 committee, especially its chair Victoria Simon, worked over a period of about three years to bring together ten speakers about the writer and person, May Sarton. They arranged for three venues within walking distance of each other in the charming village of York, including a very interesting collection of Sarton books and memorabilia in the York Public Library. The event culminated for many of us on Saturday evening with a poetry celebration and dinner. I was not able to attend the service at South Church-Unitarian Universalist in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on Sunday, the official end on the symposium.
In addition to attending the symposium and hearing other speakers, I had the honor and privilege of being one of the presenters. This gave me special opportunities to talk about the May whom I came to know in the process of creating From May Sarton's Well: Writings of May Sarton. I also had a chance to chat with some of the other speakers. I have added the text of lectures by Leonora Blouin and Mark K. Fulk. I'm hoping to make this website "the place to go" if one wants information about May Sarton.


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Comment - the hidden depths of the military
As the Olympics show the more human face of Britain's armed forces, Nick Everard explains how and why ex-military personnel have much to offer the engineering industry.
I was one of those who actually got tickets in the ballot, so for three days in August my family and I were lucky enough to visit the Olympic Park. And what a triumph it all was. But among all the well-earned praise for the general level of organisation on display; the transport; the venues; the volunteer 'Games makers', and, of course, the athletes themselves, there was one other universally expressed view: how professional, smart, good humoured, efficient and downright nice and normal the members of the armed forces were while conducting the security screening at the Park.
That this seemed to surprise people is understandable in a country where an estimated 70 per cent of the population have never spoken to a member of the armed forces. Thus clich'd preconceptions prevail easily - often of bull necks, shaven heads, tattoos, drill squares and shouting sergeant majors. Like all clich's, they have an element of truth: you will find all that without too much digging; indeed, dare I say it, the services sometimes play up to it a little.
But it is not the reality, and the Games gave members of the armed services a unique chance to show their human face.
My company sources high-quality ex-military to fill client vacancies - with nice, normal people! Inevitably, the misconceived 'culture fit' issue, which the Olympics has done so much to dispel, is the biggest single reservation we face. The second biggest is: "what can a soldier, sailor or airman possibly offer my business?"
Let's examine that premise on the basis of an army example.
First, the supposedly homogenous 'green machine' actually harbours a multitude of skills, simply because a sustained operational deployment such as Afghanistan requires much more than combat capability. Plans must be made to suit every eventuality; local 'opinion formers' must be influenced; infrastructure must be improved; complex equipment must be maintained; communications systems must function 24/7; information and intelligence must be gathered and analysed; casualties must be evacuated and treated - and to enable all this, troops must be resupplied with fuel, food, ammunition, spares and water.
Financial accountability and efficient administration are critical. The managerial and vocational skills required to do all this are those needed anywhere, and with surprisingly little adaptation. The challenge for employers lies in finding individuals with the specific skill sets applicable in their line of business, from a talent pool that can be hard for the uninitiated both to access and to understand.
Secondly, an individual who has risen to any level of responsibility in the forces will have evolved certain marked attributes: adaptability (a completely new role every two years), responsibility, strong team leadership and team member skills, task focus, a well developed ability to build productive relationships, and pride, loyalty and integrity.
These are not always easy attributes for civilian employers to find - and since they are hard to instil, they more than make up for any initial technical unfamiliarity with the business. If drawn from a parallel military background - engineers into engineering roles, for instance - then in truth this transition is not difficult. All that is needed is to graft a commercial veneer onto an already excellent professional base.
With over 3,000 trades and qualifications spread across the three services, coupled with MBA-level management training at the Joint Services Command and Staff College, there are few commercial roles where there is not a 'fit' of some description.
As the services downsize, some of the best and brightest are electing to leave. Which means that astute employers with an open mind can take their pick.
Nick Everard is managing director of J1 Consulting (www.j1consulting.co.uk), which specialises in filling client vacancies with ex-members of the armed forces. Nick was commissioned into the 9th/12th Royal Lancers in 1977 and left the Army in 1999 as a Lieutenant Colonel after commanding that Regiment.


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According to IDC, 50%+ annual worldwide data growth is predicted through at least 2014.1 With explosive data growth and flat or declining IT budgets, IT's ability to monitor, manage, and forecast storage needs has become more critical than ever before. Many storage owners struggle to manage growth with the resources they have and need to "do more with less."
· Are you able to quickly identify vulnerabilities in the storage environment?
· Do you know if you have orphaned storage?
· How are you reporting consumption costs?
· Do you know your infrastructure's capacity?
· Are your current storage devices fully utilized?
NetApp can help.
Through our Assessment, we develop a comprehensive understanding of the performance, configuration and capacity of your entire heterogeneous storage infrastructure. We'll help you understand where you can gain storage efficiency, find unused storage capacity and, know what's required to manage future growth.
How we do it
The Assessment is performed remotely and is available to NetApp customers and prospects worldwide. It's performed by a dedicated remote team that has performed more than 550 Assessments over the last few years. They are experienced storage professionals and former IT specialists that know storage theory and practice inside and out.
What's the process?
The process is quick and easy. Powered by NetApp's industry-leading OnCommand Insight software, installation is secure, agentless and out of band. You only have to invest about four hours of one administrator's time to work with the remote team on installation and you'll have actionable recommendations in about two weeks.
Why NetApp?
NetApp's Storage Infrastructure Assessment Service is differentiated in a number of ways:
Powered by award-winning, industry-leading, enterprise class products, not scripts and proprietary tools
Performed remotely and securely to minimize time and effort on your part
Complimentary service means no cost to you!
Not Convinced Yet?
Let's review how a Health Support Services organization benefited from an Assessment of their Storage Capacity. The Capacity Analysis Assessment provides:
¡ 100% Inventory Evaluation: Report on storage inventory, capacities and utilization, and FC switch inventory and port allocation
¡ Utilization Report: Identify reclaimable orphaned storage and misconfigurations in environment (e.g. mapping, masking, zoning)
¡ Potential Savings: Provide potential capacity savings leveraging storage efficiencies
This customer lacked visibility into their heterogeneous storage environment. They didn't have the tools or data readily available. This can be typical with large storage environments, especially if they experience a merger or acquisition, or if there was a reduction in staff. Some may also have out of date spreadsheets which aren't an accurate representation of their current environment. With no visibility into the storage environment, there's no way to determine how much how much storage is left and when you'll run out. The capacity analysis finds unused storage, which may include unallocated/uncarved disks that aren't in storage pools/RAID groups, unused capacity in storage pools/RAID groups, unused volumes (volumes that aren't masked to hosts).
This customer needed a holistic view of the environment and they needed it fast. What the Assessment revealed in one week of work was that they had 2.5 PB across 3 data centers of IBM, HP, LSI, and NetApp storage. The assessment team showed three main areas of potential improvement:
¡ Reclaimable orphaned and unused storage
¡ Higher utilization of port allocation, datastores and storage arrays
¡ Cleaning up zoning name conventions on switches
Leveraging the results of the assessment, the customer was able to reclaim storage and purchase less than they originally thought resulting in reduced costs.
Request Your Assessment Today!
This Assessment is ideal for large enterprise multi-vendor storage environments. If you have four hours and want to know how to make your storage infrastructure more efficient, request your Complimentary Heterogeneous Infrastructure Assessment today. Contact your NetApp Account team or NetApp authorized reseller to get started!
1. IDC, "Worldwide IT Spending 2010-2014 Forecast," May 2010
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Bing Bong's Death in Inside Out Was Supposed to Be Sadder, But Even Pixar Has Limits
"It was absolutely heartbreaking."
Asking if Inside Out could have been sadder is like asking to divide something by zero — it just shouldn't be possible. And yet from MTV comes news that the most tearjerking moment of the film could have been even tearjerkier: According to Richard Kind, who voiced Bing Bong in the film, the scene where the colorful imaginary friend sacrifices himself was originally even more gut-wrenching. "When I first saw the movie, the scene down in the valley, where the memories have been lost and disposed of, was about 40 seconds to a minute longer," he revealed. "And I loved it ... when they're trying and trying and trying to get back, you understand what he's going through. You see him get a little desperate."
But as it turns out, even Pixar didn't want to torture the audience that much. "The reason why they cut it — and I think they're sort of right — was because that earlier version was heart-wrenching," Kind says. "It was absolutely heartbreaking, and I likened it to the scene in Bambi when his mother dies. We don't need to see that again." In the end, it was a humanitarian decision: Had the original version made its way into theaters, it sounds like the flood of tears could have overwhelmed all of America's major cities.


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On May 12, 1988 members of the founding churches and organizations came together to celebrate the beginning of Community Caregivers of Greater Derry. Their purpose was to create a volunteer network which would provide support and assistance to help people maintain independence in their home environment. Initial funding for the program was received from the Alexander Eastman Foundation.
The purpose defined by our founding members remains the same. Those who receive assistance are the frail, elderly, temporarily or permanently disabled and those individuals recuperating from or dealing with chronic illness. Caregivers covers the towns of Derry, Londonderry, Windham, Sandown, Chester, Hampstead and Danville. There is no charge for services. The Alexander Eastman Foundation continues to be a major funding source. Monies are also received through the United Way, towns, churches, membership drive, grants, fundraising efforts and individual donations.
The Caregiver's office, based in Londonderry, is staffed by five individuals who oversee the client, volunteer and financial operation of the agency. Caregivers has established itself as an integral part of the community.
(Last updated 11/25/2016)


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He lives without food and water for more than 15 years!
By Jevendiran
@Jevendiran (778)
June 20, 2009 1:18am CST
Hope you all know about Yoga. If not, then try to know. Because, it's really powerful. I'm so proud to start this discussion on Yoga because, it was developed in my motherland and it has great power. Here is an illustration to show its power. A man(almost a sage) in India was surviving for more than 15 years Without Any Form of Food and Without Water. Can't believe this? It's 100% true. It's been verified by Discovery Channel. Scientists say that there is a critical period above which a person can't survive without water. They wanted to test the man. They put him in a room with all facilities except food and water. Everyday, they gave him a tub of water to take bath. But, they measured the water content before and after his bath. They confirmed that he didn't take any water. After that critical period, he was checked thoroughly. There was no problem in his body. He was perfectly alright. Later he revealed the secret. It's yoga which made him do this. He used yoga to gain energy from sunlight. He used solar energy as a substitute for energy from food. That's the power of yoga! There a lot of illustrations to showcase the power of the great Yogasana. This is one such evidence!
2 responses
@shawn5260 (53)
• China
22 Mar 10
when i see your post,i have to say nothing is impossible.there is always something that make people feel incredible.i have learned Yoga for more than a year,i absolutely don't achieve this supernatural level.there is a joke:if he can gain energy from sunlight by Yoga,i doubt he can photosynthesize like plants.ha-ha
@Jevendiran (778)
• India
26 Mar 10
May be! There's nothing supernatural in this. According to me, Yoga is something which relates you with nature; It merges you with nature. It transforms you from a materialistic creature to a pure, kind hearted human being....
@med889 (5958)
13 Aug 09
I know about yoga and I have also heard about the one living without food and water for 15 years, at first I did not want to believe it but then when I came to knwo that this is the truth I was a bit puzzled as is something a bit unbelievable, yeah I know the Yogasana which is very powerful in itself.


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Hey guys, sorry for the total noob questions im about to ask. I no virtually nothing about computers.
So I am trying to see if I can use this app through my windows pc. I downloaded and can run android 4.2.2 through a virtual machine, but the app instantly crashed when i try to install it through the downloader on virtual machine. I believe i downloaded a developer version of android, so this means it is already rooted, right?
Is it possible to use the app this way?
I also noticed that android is running through my computers wifi but is does not show the connections and it does not matter if wifi is turned on or off. Will this effect the abilities of the app?
Thanks in advance!
P.S. I would run this app through my phone but I cannot seem to figure that out either.
It is a droid razr m. Shipped with 4.1.2. and system version 98.30.1.XT09


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ST. LOUIS (KMOV.com) -- A shooting victim was taken to the hospital after police say someone he knew opened fire on him.
The man was shot in the 1200 block of Blumeyer Street shortly before 7:30 p.m.. Police say the victim took himself to a gas station on North Grand before being taken to the hospital in stable condition.
The investigation is ongoing.


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Maximize your desktop space with this innovative monitor stand. It is height adjustable to your personal SmartFit™ comfort color. Patented: Lazy-Susan storage area allows for easy access to desktop tools. Supports Flat Panel (LCD) monitors up to 40 lbs.
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Mariah Carey Shows Off Her Post-Babies Body In London! Nick Cannon Is So Proud!
She looks great! The newly slimmed-down singer has made only her second public appearance since giving birth to her twins two months ago!
Hubby Nick Cannon, 30, couldn't contain his pride at how great Mariah Carey, 42, looked, posting the photo himself on twitter, and boasting, "Look at my wife already stunting and it's only been 2 months since she gave birth to dem babies!"
Mariah jetted to London for only 24 hours this week to attend a private industry party before returning to the twins' side. Also in attendance at the bash? Whitney Houston, Usher, and Joan Collins (pictured with Mariah). We wouldn't have wanted to miss it either!
Now that we've seen how great Mariah looks, we're even more anxious to see those elusive photos of Monroe and Moroccan!
More Mariah on HollyBaby:


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CoEnergy Propane, founded in 2001, is a new local affiliate of Central Electric Cooperative. It is also an affiliate of CASCO Communications in the Mid Willamette Valley. Casco Communications is locally owned by Consumers Power, Inc, and Pioneer Consolidated. Our sole business is to provide your home, business, or construction project with propane gas. Our staff has years of propane service experience. You will experience the same quality of service and safety you've come to expect from your Electric Cooperative for 60 years. We are Your Home Town Propane Service Provider.
CoEnergy Propane is a member of the following associations:
- Northwest Propane Gas Association
- National Propane Gas Association
- National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
- Better Business Bureau
- Central Oregon Home Builders Association
- Willamette Valley Home Builders Association
- Home Builders Association of Lane County
- Redmond Chamber of Commerce
- Corvallis-Benton Chamber Coalition
- Albany Area Chamber of Commerce
- Lebanon Area Chamber of Commerce
- Albany New Business Generation
Albany office:
2505 Pacific Blvd. SE
Albany, OR 97321
(541) 738-6733
Hours: Monday-Friday 7-6, Saturday 8-5
Redmond office:
1818 S Hwy 97
PO Box 640
Redmond, OR 97756
(541) 504-9444
Hours: Monday-Friday 7-6 Dispenser Closed 12:30-1:30; Saturday 8-5 Dispenser Closed 12:30-1:30


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INEQUALITY INCREASING: Top 1% Worth $110 Trillion
(CNNMoney) — The richest 85 people in the world own as much wealth as the bottom half of the population, anti-poverty charity Oxfam said in a new report.
Oxfam's analysis — published on the eve of the World Economic Forum in Davos — drew heavily on the Forbes list of the super rich and a report by Credit Suisse, which found that total wealth increased by about 5% to $241 trillion last year.
Almost half that figure, or $110 trillion, is in the hands of the richest 1%.
The charity said the massive concentration of wealth presented a significant threat to inclusive political and economic systems and could lead to rising social tension.
"It is not only dangerous because of income inequality per se," said Winnie Byanyima, Oxfam's executive director. "We also find that the very wealthy people capture power," she told CNN.
"If we don't break out of this, power and wealth, privilege and opportunity are going to keep passing on from one generation to another, to a few people."
In a report prepared for this week's meeting, the World Economic Forum found growing inequality posed the biggest single risk to the world economy. Seven out of 10 people live in countries where inequality has increased over the past 30 years, according to Oxfam.
Byanyima said she wants Davos attendees to commit to progressive taxation, end tax dodging, and invest the proceeds in providing better healthcare and education
"This kind of inequality does not encourage growth — it stalls growth, it causes insecurity, it causes social instability and all this undermines the profit seekers' motive."


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Diagnosis of Java class loader memory leaks
IBM ClassLoader Analyzer
Welcome to IBM ClassLoader Analyzer. This tool allows you to analyze Java classes, Java classloaders and libraries from Java classloader trace files and IBM javacore files. We will learn basic concept of class loader, class loading mechanism and policies. We will create test applications, generate class and classloader leaks and diagnose problems with a variety of artifacts such as Java heap dump, Java class trace and IBM Javacore with IBM ClassLoader Analyzer.
Note: This tool is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
- The Java™ runtime environment version 6 or higher
- Java class loader trace (-verbose:class) file
- [Optional] Javacore from IBM Java virtual machine
- Calculation of number of classeloaders, classes and loaded libraries from javacore
- Automatic detection of classloader leak suspects from javacore
- Suspect view with total number of classes and loaded classes from javacore
- Classloader and class tree view from javacore
- Classloader view with loaded classes from javacore
- Library tree view for classloaders from javacore
- Automatic detection of javacore and classloader trace
- Automatic detection of suspect classes loaded multiple times from classloader trace
- Suspect class view from classloader trace
- Jar and class tree view from classloader trace
What are Java class loaders?
When we start a Java runtime environment, the Java virtual machine locates and loads a group of classes such as bootstrap classes, extension classes and user classes. The bootstrap classes include classes that comprise the Java system platform and core Java libraries. The extension classes are optional packages of classes for application developers to extend the functionality of the core Java platform. The user classes are provided by application developers that do not fall into extension classes. Each set of classes is loaded by different class loaders. A class loader is responsible for locating the binary forms of classes and interfaces with given binary class name or interface names. A class loader uses a delegation model to locate classes, interfaces and resources. A class loader will delegate class and resource loading to its parent class loader before trying to load the class or resource itself by default.
In a Java virtual machine there are 3 class loaders: the bootstrap class loader for the bootstrap classes, the extensions class loader for extension classes, and the application class loader for user classes. The class loaders maintain hierarchical relationships among them. The extensions class loader is the parent for the application class loader. The bootstrap class loader is the parent for the extensions class loader. The bootstrap class loader does not have any parent class loader.
The bootstrap class loader loads classes and interfaces from the bootstrap path which is stored in the sun.boot.class.path system property. You can easily find out the path with the following Java code with the help of System API method, getProperty():
The exensions class loader loads classes and interfaces from extension directory. The location of the extension directory stored in the java.ext.dirs system property. It is implemented by the sun.misc.Launcher$ExtClassLoader class. The following Java code will return extension directory:
The application class loader loads classes and interfaces from class path. The location of the clsss path is stored in the java.class.path system property. The application class loader is implemented by the sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader class. The following Java code will return class path:
Java class loaders and their hierarchy
What are IBM WebSphere Application Server class loaders?
When we start the IBM WebSphere Application Server, the IBM WebSphere Application Server classes are loaded by a custom class loader, the IBM WebSphere extensions class loader. With a custom class loader, we can customize the class loader behaviors such as the delegation model. By default, as we learned previously classes are loaded by parent class loaders. But we can now change the delegation model to load classes in the current class loader first before delegating to its parent class loader with a custom class loader.
The classes associated with a Java EE application such as EJB modules, utility jar files, resource adapter archives and shared libraries are loaded by a WebSphere application class loader by default. You can also change configuration so that the WebSphere class loader can be shared by multiple applications. Java virtual machine's application class loader is the parent for the WebSphere application class loader.
Each web module of a Java EE application is loaded by a WAR class loader but you can configure WAR class loader policy to share a WAR class loader for all web modules in an application. The WebSphere application class loader is the parent for the WAR class loader.
Java and IBM WebSphere Application Server class loaders and their hierarchy
Run-time class vs. Compile-time class
One of the trickiest parts of having multiple class loaders is that you could load classes or interfaces with the same binary name on different class loaders.
If we have classes or interfaces with the same binary name, we say we have the same compile-time classes/interfaces.
Even though we have the classes or interfaces that have the same binary name, the same compile-time classes/interfaces, if they are loaded by different class loaders, they are different run-time classes.
When classes are loaded with the same binary name on the same class loader, they are the same run-time classes.
Test case I
Let's build a custom class loader, LeakClassLoader to generate class and classloader leak. We could extend java.lang.ClassLoader to create a classloader but we will extend java.net.URLClassLoader to save time by overriding the loadClass method.
The loadClass method in java.lang.ClassLoader checks whether a class has already been loaded. If the class has not been loaded, the loadClass method delegates the search for the class to the parent classloader. If the class is not found by the parent class, the loadClass method invokes the method findClass for the current classloader to load the class.
In order to cause a leak on LeakClass, we will override the loadClass method of java.net.URLClassLoader in LeakClassLoader. This will prevent the parent classloader from searching for the LeakClass and invoke the method findClass for the current classloader to load the LeakClass. For other classes, the method loadClass calls the loadClass method of java.lang.ClassLoader.
Listing 1. LeakClassLoader.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, firstname.lastname@example.com * LeakClassLoader.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2013 */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLClassLoader; public class LeakClassLoader extends URLClassLoader { public LeakClassLoader() { super(new URL[] { getContextClassLoaderClassPath() }); } @Override public Class<?> loadClass(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException { if (className != null && className.equals("com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase.LeakClass") ) { return findClass(className); } else { return super.loadClass(className); } } static URL getContextClassLoaderClassPath() { return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("."); } }
In LeakTest.java, we will create new instances from InstanceGenerator's newInstance method and add them to an ArrayList.
Listing 2. LeakTest.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, email@example.com * LeakTest.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2013 */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase; import java.util.ArrayList; public class LeakTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws IllegalAccessException,InstantiationException, ClassNotFoundException { ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); while(true){ LeakClassInterface instance = InstanceGenerator.newInstance(); list.add(instance); } } }
In the newInstance() method of InstanceGenerator.java, we will create a new instance of LeakClassLoader, load the class LeakClass, create an instance of LeakClass and return it.
Listing 3. InstanceGenerator.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, firstname.lastname@example.com * InstanceGenerator.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase; public class InstanceGenerator { public static LeakClassInterface newInstance() throws IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, ClassNotFoundException { LeakClassLoader classLoader = new LeakClassLoader(); return (LeakClassInterface) classLoader.loadClass("com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase.LeakClass") .newInstance(); } }
LeakClass implements the interface LeakClassInterface.
Listing 4. LeakClass.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, email@example.com * LeakClass.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2013 */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase; public class LeakClass implements LeakClassInterface { }
LeakClassInterface does not have any fields or methods.
Listing 5. LeakClassInterface.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, email@example.com * LeakClassInterface.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2013 */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase; public interface LeakClassInterface { }
Now we have written all the classes and interfaces to create a class/classloader leak. Let's compile the classes and run LeakTest:
java com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase.LeakTest
Class dump
In IBM Java runtime environment, we can take a class/class loader dump which is a part of IBM Java thread dump, javacore. Sending signal 3 to the Java process will trigger the dump. On Windows™ systems, you can use Ctrl-Break from Java console.
The following is an example of a class dump from IBM Javacore. Because it is a text file, we can easily understand the content of the class dumps but it is sometimes overwhelming to skim through thousands of lines of class and class loader entries.
Listing 6. Class dump from IBM Javacore
NULL ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0SECTION CLASSES subcomponent dump routine NULL ================================= 1CLTEXTCLLOS Classloader summaries 1CLTEXTCLLSS 12345678: 1=primordial,2=extension,3=shareable, 4=middleware,5=system,6=trusted,7=application,8=delegating 2CLTEXTCLLOADER p---st-- Loader *System*(0x000007FF7E855250) 3CLNMBRLOADEDLIB Number of loaded libraries 3 3CLNMBRLOADEDCL Number of loaded classes 438 2CLTEXTCLLOADER -x--st-- Loader sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader (0x000007FF7E859C10),Parent *none*(0x0000000000000000) 3CLNMBRLOADEDLIB Number of loaded libraries 0 3CLNMBRLOADEDCL Number of loaded classes 0 2CLTEXTCLLOADER -----ta- Loader sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader (0x000007FF7E86FE50), Parent sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader(0x000007FF7E859C10) 3CLNMBRLOADEDLIB Number of loaded libraries 0 3CLNMBRLOADEDCL Number of loaded classes 4 …
Fortunately we have a tool for this. Let's analyze class dumps with IBM ClassLoader Analyzer.
How to start the IBM ClassLoader Analyzer
We need to use the Java™ runtime environment version 6 or higher to run the IBM ClassLoader Analyzer.
Depending on the configuration of your system's Java runtime environment, you could execute a jar file simply by just clicking on the file from your operating system's graphical user interface or typing in the path name of the jar file from a command line interface just like an ordinary executable file.
If none of them seem to work, or you do not have time to configure your operating system, you need to use your command line interface.
Usage :
<Java path>java –jar ica< version>.jar
For example,
/usr/java/bin/java -jar ica101.jar will start version 1.0.1 of the IBM ClassLoader Analyzer with Java runtime launcher which is located in the directory,
How to use IBM ClassLoader Analyzer
When we first start the tool, we will have a chance to read and accept/decline license agreement.
License Agreement
If you decline the license agreement, the program will terminate and you should promptly return the unused media and documentation to the party from whom it was obtained for a refund of the amount paid. If the program was downloaded, destroy all copies of the program.
If you accept the license agreement, you should be able to see the following initial screen of the tool.
You can navigate the tool with menus, icons in tool bars or key short cuts for example key combination of control-X to exit from the tool. The console frame provides you with important messages from the tool.
If you accept the license agreement, you will be able to see the initial screen:
Initial Screen
We need to open the javacore from File Menu.
How to use File menu
Under the File Menu, there are Open verbose:class/javacore, Close Files, Close All Files and Exit menu items.
File Menu
Open verbose:class/javacore
If you select File->Open verbose:class/javacore menu item, you can analyze Java verbose class trace or IBM javacore files.
Open verbose:class/Javacore
Select the javacore and click on the open button. There are Close Files, Close All Files and Exit menu below the Open menu item for later use:
Close Files
If you select File->Close Files, selected files are closed.
Close All Files
If you select File->Close All Files, all files are closed.
If you select File->Exit, the problem is terminated. Let's go back to the javacore we just loaded.
File List
If the file is successfully loaded, you should be able to find the javacore in File List View with analysis.
File List
At the bottom of property/value screen, you can see the following analysis result:
ClassLoader Leak Suspect
com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader is loaded 2,185 times (99.82 %)
The tool identified a class/classloader leak suspect. The class, com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader is loaded as many as 2,185 times which is 99.82% of total class loadings.
If you are not convinced and would like to get more information, select the dump in the File List and click on Analysis menu.
How to use Analysis menu
Under the Analysis menu, there are Suspect View, Tree View, ClassLoader View and Library View menu items.
Suspect View
If you select Analysis->Suspect View, you can see more about leak suspects.
Suspect View Menu
The Suspect View indicates that the class,
com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader loaded 2,185(from the Classes column) classes. The class, com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClass is the only class it loaded. The com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader loaded 2,185(from the Count column) times responsible for 99.8% of total loaded classes.
Suspect View for LeakClassLoader
In this simple test case, we have only 4 class loaders. The first one is com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader that we just built. What about those 3 class loaders? Do you remember the Java class loaders we learned? We can see the bootstrap class loader(*System*), the extensions class loader (sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader) and the application class loader (sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader) from the above table. You need to adjust the width of ClassLoader column to see the full class loader names.
If we had lots of class loaders, we could filter them out by taking advantage of "Search Class" with regular expressions at the bottom of the screen.
Let's select the second classloader, sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader just for comparison. sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader is the application class loader in the Java virtual machine. sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader loaded 4 classes and there is only 1 instance(count) of sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader responsible for 0.046% of total classes.
On the right hand side of the screen, you can see total classes, the number of classes per class loader and list of loaded classes for the class loader:
Analysis of sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader
|Total Classes
|4 per ClassLoader
Suspect View for AppClassLoader
Tree View
Now let's go back to Analysis menu and select Tree View to visualize class and class loader hierarchy.
Tree View Menu
In Tree View, we can easily find which classes are loaded from which class loaders.
Tree View, class loaders
We can see that com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoaders are loaded from sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader.
Tree View, classes loaded from class loaders
Let's expand com/ibm/jinwoo/classloader/testcase/LeakClassLoader.
We can see that LeakClass is loaded by LeakClassLoader which is loaded by AppClassLoader which is loaded by ExtClassLoader. The first column represents the number of classes loaded in current class loader and child class loaders. The second column in the brackets represents the number of classes loaded from the current classloader. The 3rd column shows the name of the class or class loader. The 4th column has the address of the class or the classloader. The last column shows the types of the class loaders. There are 8 characters to represent class loader types.
If there are no class types for a class loader, the 5th column would look like this:
Here is the list of type for each position:
For the ExtClassLoader, we see
-x--st— in the 5th column.
This means the ExtClassLoader is an extension (2/x), system (5/s) and trusted (6/t) class loader.
Let's take a look at some of the class loader types you might encounter sooner or later.
Types of class loaders
- Primordial class loader: Also known as bootstrap class loader. This class loader is responsible for loading only the classes that are from the core Java™ API. These classes are the most trusted and are used to bootstrap the JVM.
- Extensions class loader: It can load classes that are in optional extensions packages in the extensions directory.
- Shareable class loader: This class loader loads shared classes.
- Middleware class loader: This class loader is responsible for loading middleware classes. Middleware objects have a life expectancy longer than a single transaction and that persist across JVM-resets.
- System class loader: bootstrap class loader, extensions class loader and other Java system class loaders.
- Application class loader: This class loader is responsible for loading classes from java.class.path. It runs in a restricted security context.
If you select LeakClassLoader, you can see details about the class loader in the property and value table on the right.
Tree View of LeakClassLoader
When a class is selected, you can find the class name and the address of the class in the window on the right.
Tree View of LeakClassLoader
ClassLoader View
Let's select Analysis->ClassLoader View to show ClassLoader View.
ClassLoader View Menu
From ClassLoader View, we can see classloaders, loaded classes and the number of loaded classes.
AppClassLoader loaded 2,190 classes
LeakClassLoader loaded 2,185 classes
ClassLoader View
If you select the AppClassLoader, you can find what classes are loaded from the AppClassLoader. We have 4 different classes loaded from the AppClassLoader and total 2,190 classes are loaded from the AppClassLoader.
ClassLoader View of AppClassLoader
Analysis of sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader
|Loaded Classes
Library View
If you select Analysis->Library View, you can see loaded libraries for classloaders.
Library View Menu
We have 3 libraries loaded by *System* class loader.
Library View
No Javacore? No problem
On Non-IBM Java runtime environment
What if you do not have IBM Java runtime? You could use Java heap dumps which are widely available from a variety of Java runtime environment implementations. On most IBM Java platforms, a Java heap dump is generated automatically by default when you are running out of memory. On certain Java platforms, you will need to specify a command-line option.
For example on JVM from Oracle™, you need to use the command line option -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError for the Java virtual machine to generate a Java heap dump when an OutOfMemoryError is thrown. That option was first introduced in Java 1.4.2 update 12 and Java 5.0 update 7 on Java platforms from Oracle™. So you probably should be able to use that option unless you have an antique Java virtual machine.
If you cannot just sit and wait for an OutOfMemoryError like me, you can force Java heap dumps. On IBM Java platforms, you can set the environment variable IBM_HEAPDUMP or IBM_HEAP_DUMP to TRUE and send a signal 3 to the Java process. On Java virtual machines from Oracle, you need to add an option such as -agentlib:hprof=heap=dump command line option to enable forced Java heap dump.
You can use your favorite Java heap analysis tool to analyze the Java heap dump. If you do not have one you can download a copy of IBM HeapAnalyzer (https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/groups/service/html/communityview?communityUuid=4544bafe-c7a2-455f-9d43-eb866ea60091) for free. IBM HeapAnalyzer has been the Java heap analysis tool of choice for many of IBM engineers and architects all over the world for over a decade.
We are going to utilize the IBM HeapAnalyzer to detect classloader leaks in this article.
First, start your IBM HeapAnalyzer with java launcher with the jar file. For example, <java_path>java -Xmx2g -jar ha443.jar will start IBM HeapAnalyzer version 4.4.3 with 2 GB of Java heap.
IBM HeapAnalyzer
As soon as you can see above the IBM HeapAnalyzer screen, you can just drag and drop the Java heap dump file to the tool or select File->Open menu to open the Java heap dump. You can also click on the folder icon in the tool bar to bring the Java heap dump into the tool.
Open Java heap dump
If you click on Analysis tab, the IBM HeapAnalyzer will show you a leak suspect after parsing the Java heap dump. About 98.2% of Java heap is used by the LeakClass based on the analysis of the IBM HeapAnalyzer.
Analysis Result from IBM HeapAnalyzer
Summary view will show you detailed information about the Java heap dump.
Java heap dump information from IBM HeapAnalyzer
If you click on LeakSuspect tab, you can see only the leak suspect table. Let's look at each leak suspects by invoking List all entries context menu with right mouse click.
List all entries menu from IBM HeapAnalyzer
Now we have all the entries of LeakClass sorted by TotalSize.
Leak suspects from IBM HeapAnalyzer
If you are wondering how each LeakClass looks like in the reference tree view, you can invoke Find object in a tree view context menu with right mouse click.
Find object in a tree view menu from IBM HeapAnalyzer
Now we can see its classloader and peer LeakClass objects in a reference tree view.
Tree View from IBM HeapAnalyzer
No Java heap dumps? No problem
Introducing verbose class trace
What if you cannot use Java heap dumps either? You can enable –verbose:class, a Java launcher option. But you probably have to restart your Java virtual machine.
Java launcher provides -verbose:class option to display information about each Java class loaded.
Listing 7. –verbose:class trace
class load: java/lang/Object class load: java/lang/J9VMInternals class load: java/io/Serializable class load: java/lang/reflect/GenericDeclaration class load: java/lang/reflect/Type class load: java/lang/reflect/AnnotatedElement class load: java/lang/Class class load: java/lang/Cloneable class load: java/lang/Comparable class load: java/lang/CharSequence class load: java/lang/String class load: java/util/Comparator class load: java/lang/String$CaseInsensitiveComparator class load: java/io/ObjectStreamField class load: java/lang/Class$CacheKey class load: java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue class load: java/lang/ref/Reference class load: java/lang/ref/PhantomReference class load: java/lang/ClassLoader class load: java/security/cert/Certificate class load: java/lang/ref/SoftReference …
If you enable the trace, you will find the trace entries in your Java console which might not be the best place to store the trace.
On Unix systems, you can redirect class trace to a file simply with redirection:
java -verbose:class com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase.LeakTest > verboseclass.log
On Windows™ systems, you can redirect class trace to a file with redirection and duplicate of handles:
java -verbose:class com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.testcase.LeakTest > verboseclass.log 2>&1
Open verbose:class
If you select File->Open verbose:class/javacore menu item, you can analyze Java verbose class trace.
As soon as the verbose class trace is loaded, suspect class is shown below.
Verbose class trace
If you click on the suspect class, you can see the list of containers from which the class is loaded.
Suspect classes
Let's select Analysis->Suspect View to get more information about the suspect class. The tool shows that the class is loaded 9,883 times and list of classloaders that loaded the class.
Suspect view
If you select Analysis->Tree View, you can see class/classloader tree representation and the container classloader loaded 9,887 classes.
Tree view
Test case II
Do you remember the last time you encountered any java.lang.ClassCastException? We can find out root causes of this problem with verbose class trace and IBM ClassLoader Analyzer. We will generate ClassCastException by casting objects instantiated from a different runtime class. An instance returned from cls.newInstance() is instantiated from a class loaded from the custom class loader, then we will cast it with a class loaded from a different class loader. Even though the two classes have the same binary name, they are different runtime classes since they are loaded from two different class loaders.
Listing 8. TestClassCastException.java
/* * Author : Jinwoo Hwang, email@example.com * TestClassCastException.java * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. */ package com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLClassLoader; public class TestClassCastException { public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException { ClassLoader classLoader = new URLClassLoader (new URL[]{getContextClassLoaderClassPath()},null); Class cls = classLoader.loadClass ("com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException"); TestClassCastException instance = (TestClassCastException)cls.newInstance(); } static URL getContextClassLoaderClassPath() { return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("."); } }
Let's compile the TestClassCastException.java and execute it.
Listing 9. ClassCastException
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException incompatible with com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException at com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException.main (TestClassCastException.java:15)
You will find that we have java.lang.ClassCastException. We need to enable Java class trace to find out what went wrong with –verbose:class command line option provided by the Java launcher.
On Unix systems, you can redirect class trace to a file simply with redirection:
java -verbose:class com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException > classcast.log
On Windows™ systems, you can redirect class trace to a file with redirection and duplicate of handles:
java -verbose:class com.ibm.jinwoo.classloader.classcastexception.TestClassCastException > classcast.log 2>&1
Let's select File->Open verbose:class/javacore menu item or drag and drop the verbose class trace to the tool. As soon as the verbose class trace is loaded, the tool identifies suspect classes.
Verbose class trace
If you click on the suspect class, class containers are listed below. So we have classes loaded from two different containers. A container is where a class is loaded from. It could be a file such as a jar file, a directory or any other resource that a class loader can load a class from.
Here we can see that the TestClassCastException class is loaded from a directory.
Class containers
You can select Analysis->Suspect View to list all suspects. We are interested in the classes with multiple containers since those classes are probably loaded multiple times from different class loaders. Fortunately we see only one class with multiple containers but you could expect to see more than that in less than perfect environment.
Suspect view
Let's select the TestClassCastException class to get detailed information about the class. On the property/value table on the right, we can see the list of containers, the number of times loaded and the name of the class.
List containers
If you click on one of the containers, it will expand and you can see which classes are loaded from the container.
Verbose class trace: Container view
Let's take a look at the tree view by selecting Analysis->Tree View menu item.
Tree view menu item
Let's take a look at the tree view. In the tree view, we can see containers and their classes. We have System container from which 427 classes are loaded and a directory from which 2 classes are loaded. The number in the brackets represents number of times classes are loaded.
Tree view of verbose class trace
If you select a container from the tree view, you can see detailed information in the window on the right such as container name, the number of classed loaded from the container and the list of loaded classes. If classes with the same binary name are loaded multiple times, you will see duplicate entries in the loaded classes.
Tree view details of verbose class trace
So far we were able to diagnose the same problem with different perspectives. Let's take a time to look around other miscellaneous features of the IBM ClassLoader Analyzer.
How to use Options menu
Under the Options menu, there are User Interface Profiles, Help Contents Browser, Show Console and Clear Console menu items.
Options Menu
User Interface Profile
You can change user interface experience with Options->User Interface Profiles menu item. There are Nimbus, System and Java user interface options.
User Interface Profiles
Help contents browser
You can choose your system's web browser or the tool's internal web browser to read the tool's help contents documents by selecting Options->Help Contents Browser menu item.
Help Contents Browser
How to use Help menu
The Help menu has Help Contents, About and License Agreement menu items.
Help Menu
Help Contents
If you select Help->Help Contents, you can read this document from the tool.
Help Contents
You can read basic information about the tool by selecting Help->About menu item.
About IBM ClassAnalzyer
License Agreement
You can review the license agreement by selecting Help->License Agreement menu item.
License Agreement
We learned basic concept of class loader, various types of class loaders, class load policies and loading mechanisms on a Java virtual machine and an IBM WebSphere Application Server runtime. We built custom class loaders to generate class/classloader leaks and class cast exceptions. We also diagnosed problems with a variety of artifacts such as Java heap dump, Java class trace and IBM Javacore with IBM ClassLoader Analyzer and IBM HeapAnalyzer.
In summary, Java class/classloader leaks and other class loader related problems such as class cast exceptions can be diagnosed by analyzing IBM Javacore, Java heap dump or Java verbose class trace with IBM ClassLoader Analyzer and IBM HeapAnalyzer.
Downloadable resources
- PDF of this content
- Test Files for this tutorial (classloadertestcase.zip | 10KB)


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Phoenix weather: Front will bring gusty winds Sunday afternoonPosted: Updated:
PHOENIX -- A dry cold front tracking across Arizona Sunday will bring windy conditions across the entire state.
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Lots happening. The Croquet release is doing well. Remember that this is very much a developer release, so don't expect it to change your life today. Still lots of loose ends, the UI needs LOTS more work, performance is sub-optimal, still a number of complex problems to solve, but the underlying architecture looks like it is in great shape.
Julian Lombardi and I attended the Metaverse Roadmap Project where we had a number of opportunities to demonstrate the system. Response was quite positive. See the following:
Sunday, May 07, 2006
Posted by David A. Smith at 10:55 AM
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In the LA Times' Scriptland column, Jay Fernandez delves into an apparent rift between director Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu and his collaborator, writer Guillermo Arriaga. The latest film from the duo, "Babel," is due for release last this month, but the LA Times reports that the two are at odds over their previous films, "Amores Perros" and 21 Grams," so much so that the paper reports that the writer was banned from attending Cannes this year with the film:
But long-simmering tensions about who is claiming responsibility for the success of the pair's films have recently bubbled over. Though no one is speaking publicly, several of the people invested in the two artists and their project are privately aghast that Inarritu, apparently miffed that Arriaga claimed much of the credit for the critical success of "21 Grams," banned the writer from attending Cannes, where "Babel" had its world premiere. Inarritu, in full "auteur" glory, went on to claim the best director prize. Multiple calls to Arriaga's UTA agent went unreturned, Inarritu's manager would merely confirm the ban and acknowledge the feud, and a message left for Inarritu sits idle.
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Question about Turbo Air TSR-49SD Stainless Steel Commercial Refrigerator
Posted by pacoimaelias on
Tips for a great answer:
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Sep 26, 2011 | Refrigerators
So first thing you try is , perform, manual defrost reset procedure.---------
The manual defrost reset procedure is as follows : ----
First unplug the unit from main power outlet. Then empty whole unit completely. Then keep both the doors open. Wait for 24 hours. All the ice collected on the coils and in the freezer section will get melted. Clean the water from the sections. Then Connect the power cord of the unit to main power outlet after 24 hours/.Then set the temperature to normal in both fridge and freezer section. Then check,if same frost is getting collected, then its defrost problem,. If it's again building up ice that means the unit is not defrosting. It's starting the cooling procedure, and then while defrosting, it's not working. The defrost assembly consists of three main parts. The defrost thermostat, the defrost heater and defrost board. Any of the one is not functioning. When thermostat sense the maximum cooling, it triggers the defrost heater to start heating and this defrosts the ice collected on the coils and the system works. Both thermostat and heater are controlled by defrost board. First the thermostat and defrost heater to be checked, if both check ok by meter and visually, then its defrost board causing the problem. IN YOUR case, defrost thermostat is already got replaced, so ignore thermostat, but other two possibilities needs to be checked.----------You can get required parts from from online sites like: --- www.repairclinic.com or from searspartsdirect online site. --------- This should help.Thanks.Helpmech.
Sep 19, 2011 | GE Refrigerators
When the refrigerator is running ( cooling mode ) the defrost timer contacts
prevents any power from getting to the defrost heater. When the defrost timer
turns off the power to the compressor and fan motor(s) the power is then
redirected to the defrost system. The defrost timer
Defrost thermostat:
During a defrost cycle, the defrost heater causes the metal alloy in the switch to warm and as it does it curls back and breaks the circuit. As the metal cools, it makes a closed circuit again. A defective thermostat can prevent the defrost heater from coming on or allow it to overheat which could result in heat damage or fire.
The defrost thermostat is located near the defrost heater and is wired in series. It is usually located at the back of a side by side freezer, behind the freezer back wall of a top freezer or under the floor. It will be necessary to remove obstructions such as the contents of the freezer, freezer shelves, icemaker and the inside rear or bottom panel of the freezer. At room temperature the defrost thermostat is an open circuit ( no continuity ) and when cooled down the defrost thermostat closes the circuit ( has full continuity ) to allow the defrost heater to come on.
Defrost timers:
The defrost timer is sometimes found behind the front grill of the refrigerator. It may also be found behind a cover plate inside the refrigerator or freezer, in the temperature control console, or behind the refrigerator near the compressor.
The timer is usually held in place with one or more screws. Remove the screws and gently pull the timer out far enough to disconnect the wiring connector.
Locate the timer switch and turn it
clockwise until you hear it click.
One click and the refrigerator shuts off = defrost mode, second click the
compressor and fans come back on = run/cooling mode.
*Some defrost timers are a constant or continuous run timer, which
means when ever the refrigerator is plugged in the defrost timer is powered up
and running. Some defrost timers are an accumulative run timer, which means when
the refrigerator is off the defrost timer is off and not running, when the
refrigerator is running the defrost timer is running. This is also sometimes
called a demand defrost. The power for the defrost timer goes through the cold
control first on an accumulative defrost system. The timers are often the same
but will be wired differently to get the different operations.
Defrost heater:
Test the heating element for
continuity using a multimeter. Set the multimeter to
the ohms setting X1. Place a probe on each terminal. The multimeter should
display a reading somewhere between zero and infinity. Because of the number of
different elements we cannot tell what your reading should be, but we can be
certain of what it shouldn't be. If the reading is zero or infinity the heating
element is definitely bad and should be replaced. Proper power ( careful!! ) to
the heating element ( 110-120 volts AC ) and the defrost heater does not come on
= bad defrost heater.
Some newer refrigerators have been
using an electronic board instead of an mechanical defrost timer. The adaptive defrost control does the same job as the
defrost timer ( shuts off the refrigerator cooling items and redirects the power
to the defrost heater for the defrosting cycle, then redirects the power to the
compressor and fans to come back on when the defrost cycle is over ). This
adaptive defrost system is a bit different when testing, normally speaking if
the defrost heater and defrost thermostat ohm ok, we replace the adaptive
defrost board.
Nov 28, 2010 | Frigidaire Refrigerators
Most times after manually defrosting the defrost heater on your model can be seen burned out
by just looking at the outer glass of the heater itself. This takes unplugging the refrigerator and removal of the rear panel inside and back wall of the freezer
Most times after manually defrosting the defrost heater on your model can be seen burned out Testing the defrost heater can be found here=>WR51X10055 Defrost Heater Assembly Once inside the freezer it is always a good idea to change the defrost thermostat, Click Here=> WR50X10054 Defrost Heater
Sep 28, 2010 | Hotpoint HSS25IFMCC / HSS25IFMWW Side by...
Aug 18, 2009 | Refrigerators
Jul 23, 2011 | Turbo Air TSR-49SD Stainless Steel...
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Art for All Seasons is an art competition for area high school students sponsored by The Sunday Times and NEIU. A winner is picked for every month and the students' art will be displayed on the calendar page of Life & Times the last Sunday of each month and in this online gallery all year.
Student's name: Peter Tomasetti
School: Western Wayne High School
Grade: 12 Age: 17
Art teacher: Justin Hayden
Title of artwork: "A Day's Reflection"
Medium: Colored pencil


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The Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art will co-present an exhibition of the work of Stanley Kubrick beginning in November, billing it as the first U.S. retrospective of the famed director.
AMPAS chief exec Dawn Hudson called the event "a taste of things to come" with regards to the growing partnership between the film academy and LACMA, which forged an agreement to create the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in the LACMA West building at Wilshire and Fairfax.
"This is a major step in the Academy's plan to create a premier movie museum in Los Angeles," Acad prexy Hawk Koch said, adding that the retrospective "will provide visitors the opportunity to experience Kubrick's iconic work as well as his influence on our culture."


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'GBAtemp & Scene News' started by KiVan, Apr 28, 2003.
0991 - Simple 2960 Vol 1 - The Table Game Collection JAPAN 32 Mbits (MUGS)
Save Type : EEPROM[/p]
Yet another puzzle game from those wacky jap's. Yet another game not to be brought into english.
I don't want THIS to be brought in ENglish!
me niether, those crazy japanesse people and there krazi board games.
You need to have a Major in Calculus to understand them, and have no life to play them.
(Plz don't take offense to this, it's just a forum)
I wonder if this is like Chinese Chess game
4 of my (and my girlfriend who is japanese) most loved games ever all in one rom, excelent.
Shogi and Igo in one package? Who would not want this?
There are 4 games in this rom?
Other than Shogi and Igo, what else is in there?
Hey Delvathian, how about Hanafuda.
If you knew your history you would also know that the Nintendo company started by inventing and manufacturing that particular game
Ooops, what i thought was Igo, turned out to be Reversi. Sad.
There is also Mahjongg (4 players) and a card game (which is unknown to me).
so no go, reversi, yes mahjong? is this better then brain games?
I don't know...
I guess if you are Japanese (which I happen not to be ) you might enjoy these Japanese board/card/games
NOT a flame!
but if YOU knew YouR history, you would never have posted:"Nintendo company started by inventing and manufacturing that particular game"
firstly, that was only one of the popular card games they sold when the company started
secondly, you`d have to go back a fair few centuries, way back to find that games creator.. check your facts first please, and maybe READ some DECENT history books first..
facts are way better than "fan info"
Reversi, Mahjongg, Shogi and ("...wadda hell is this called"..) Hanafuda.
Depends. Both of them is good.
Look, theres the Mario Glove!
Sorry kotatsuneko, I was not flaming, I just worded my poste very poorly. Sorry
I like hanafuda as does my girl friend who is Japanese.
I know the history of the game is long and it can be played in many variations depending on your family or what part of asia you live, but what I ment to say was Nintendo standardised the game and are still marketing it now in the same format since 1889.
Once again sorry if I offended any one.
no, you didnt offend anyone, before posting stuff that may seem initially as a flame, i post that just so you know..
did you know that hanafuda, has long been a gambling game? huge amounts of cash change hands, tho far less often these days..
tho there still are quite a few pro`s out there, i saw a face off on fuji tv last week, between, 2, man they were fast..
and variants of the game, are often used to kill time on tv as well, plus some families still play it at new years, and obon, but thats getting less often i guess..
hey and dont apologise to me, i`m not part of the team here, i just post occasionally ; ]
heh and i posted b4 eating, not usually a good idea!


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Florence Welch wore her third Alexander McQueen look of the night at the Universal Brits Awards after-party in London last night.
On this occasion she donned a Mother of pearl print high neck ruffle dress with a barnacle lace underskirt which is the commercial version of the dress which hit the runway back in October.
On this occasion she did opt for the ruffle Brancusi sandals, plus she added a matching pearl Alexander McQueen skull box clutch.
After long internal debate I have decided that the performance look was my favourite, but I do prefer this hairstyle.
Like many of you, I'm not a fan of her favoured centre parted style.
Credit: Style.com & Getty


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Happy Birthday Hugh Jackman! Today, Oct. 12, You're 43 Years Old!
This triple-threat deserves a day of fun and relaxation today!
Emmy-winner, Tony-winner, host of both the Academy Awards and Tony Awards–what hasn't Hugh Jackman done? And we can't forget that People named him the Sexiest Man Alive in 2008! Hugh, you have a lot to celebrate today! Get all the details at Astrology.com!
Happy birthday, Hugh Jackman! With your Sun in charming Libra and your Moon in crackling Gemini, you're a natural communicator — and according to certain national publications, one of the sexiest men around. Your cluster of planets in perfectionistic Virgo makes you a worker of the first degree, even if you don't let us see you sweat. Another big break is arriving soon, though you'll have to take a faithful leap to reap its benefits. Sometimes the cosmos don't like playing small — and as you've proven thus far, neither do you!


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