text:
Thursday, February 26, 2009
Evidently, I have a thing for F words
When a friend of mine told me about flickr four years ago, I knew I was going to be hooked the first time I visited the Web site. I can say - without hesitation - that since my first upload, flickr has altered my perspective just as surely as marriage and motherhood has changed my life.
Having a place to file images for easier recall, for me, is one of the best things about the photographers' network. Finding it a real source in meeting like-minded photographers and parents has been, perhaps, one of the most unexpected but extremely rewarding benefits.
As in most fairytales, there comes a point in the story where some troll or another enters the serenity to cause havok and upset ... and for me the troll that reared its ugly head in my fanasty land was video.
You see, where "still" pictures create some kind of enchanted kingdom for me, I've never really gotten the hang of moving pictures. I can't control the images ... I can't follow the movement ... I don't really know how to edit and the downloading just seems like drudgery.
When videos of my flickr friends' kids started seeping into to my "contacts" steams I started tuning out.
Part of it, I thought, was my desire to just see still images. On flickr, I reasoned, children should be seen and not heard. But then I realized it was because each and every little arrow denoting a collection of moving pictures, just reminded me that I only had a handful of videos to remind me of Annabel's baby self or her tiny voice and none ... of Silas' early laugh.
It pains me that I don't have more moving pictures of my children, especially since my father has my first steps on 8 mm film. FILM.
I am the product of a gadget generation and yet I couldn't get the hang of a camcorder with tape. Go figure.
So in the New Year when another friend pressed a Flip into my hand at a party and insisted I check it out, I knew I was going to be hooked the instant I held the sleek, phone-sized gadget and saw only one button ... .
What is this ... a Flip?
It took a nearly two months, but that F word kept haunting me.
Her voice was changing.
He was getting more words.
She was singing her own songs.
He was getting faster and faster on the PlasmaCar.
I broke down and bought one. In the three days since I've had it, I've been holding it as Annabel ate cereal with chopsticks, sang songs and told stories ... while silas raced down the hall, fiddled with lollipops and reprogramed my computer.
They're not the best images ever; but they're perfect for me. They are easy to take, easy to download, easy to upload ... and even the kids - BOTH of them - have learned how to view and record.
I know I'll probably regret letting them run around with my new toy, and I'll probably have a few standard expletives if it returns with chips or dents. The phrases will be worse, I expect, if I find it floating in the commode. But my kids don't seem phased ... they know I have a thing for F words.
Random Question Thursday
I know, I know, I know ... Economy. Economy. Economy. Recession. Depression. Confession.
Aside from all that, what's been bugging you?
This has been bugging me.
I know ... it's all in good fun ... I get it IgetitIgetit ...
But in the end, it's still copyright infringement.
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
It's been what? twenty-nine thousand months since you've seen the "itsy bitsy PIEder" ...
I may be biased, but I think she's still got it.
I, on the otherhand, am going to need some practice with the video thing-a-ma-jig.
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
Genes are almost as peculiar as how we accessorize them
"That looks like my mother's purse," she said.
"I was thinking the same thing the other day," I replied.
"You remember that?"
"I remember. It looked like she carried her life with her."
"It looks like you carry your work with you."
I am an old woman, named after my mother
My old man is another child that's grown old
If dreams were thunder; lightning was desire
This old house would've burned down
A long time ago
Make me an angel
That flies from Montgomery
Make me a poster of an old rodeo
Just give me one thing that I can hold on to
To believe in this living is just a hard way to go ...
Monday, February 23, 2009
Facebook can go friend itself
So ... I am cutting and pasting the following list of questions to ask your kids from a meme I pilfered from Facebook and adding my own little notes:
Mom through Annabel's eyes
Annabel at five years old:
1. What is something mom always says to you? - 'Stand right there!'
(I want to take your photograph.)
2. What makes mom happy? – If you clean up your room.
(But only because I had been asking her to do so all day.)
3. What makes mom sad? – If I got a boo-boo or I fell off a cliff.
(Evidently, she thought better of saying 'When I don't clean my room'.)
4. How does your mom make you laugh? – When the popcorn goes spilling all over the place.
(She was laughing ... I was chasing hot kernels escaping from a tiny hole in the paper bag.)
5. What was your mom like as a child? - You were good.
(Obviously I have snowed this child.)
6. How old is your mom? – That can we just skip? Because I don't want to tell you.
(She wouldn't even attempt a guess ... she sense my sensitivity.)
7. How tall is your mom? – One and a six and a zero.
(She was reading the answer another child gave ... I decided to erase the answers after that.)
8. What is her favorite thing to do? – Going places with her kids. ... like bowling. She also loves taking pictures.
(Wishful thinking ... and buttering up.)
9. What does your mom do when you're not around? – Works in the city. She makes newspapers.
(She especially likes that when she comes with me she can get glimpses of the RCA dog and ships atop buildings.)
10. If your mom becomes famous, what will it be for? – A circus.
(Apparently she'd like me to join one.)
11. What is your mom really good at? - Photography. She has a lot of pictures. Like 287.
(Just about.)
12. What is your mom not very good at? – Not very good at cooking.
(I tried to remind her 'I Bake' ... she nodded in appeasement.)
13. What does your mom do for her job? – That would be the newspaper thing again.
(She's been there ... done that.)
14. What is your mom's favorite food? - Coffee.
(She's not wrong.)
15. What makes you proud of your mom? – When she takes me places and is with me.
(We do ALL the cool things.)
16. If your mom were a cartoon character, who would she be? - A circus lady who swallowed a sword.
(She has me confused with this guy. ... Or, she's trying to tell me something.)
17. What do you and your mom do together? - Color.
(We make a good team.)
18. How are you and your mom the same? – We both have each other's heart.
(Awwww ... she's so cute. But really her's is more sweet ... mine is more, well, grapefruit.)
19. How are you and your mom different? – Mom has black hair and I have brown hair.
(Again ... she's being kind ... she could have said gray.)
20. How do you know your mom loves you? - Because she borned me and she loves me.
(She's in TOTAL awe that I have a scar that looks like this ... and that she came out of it.)
21. What does your mom like most about your dad? - That he's strong and handsome and funny and tries to tickle her.
(I do NOT like the tickling ... but she should know THIS has something to do with it, too.)
22. Where is your mom's favorite place to go? - Bowling alleys.
(What can I say? The kid doesn't lie.)
*It's a meme: Copy, paste, lather, rinse, repeat
Friday, February 20, 2009
Push a petal,
Pull a lever,
Ease back slowly
Keeping an eye on where you're going
But your mind always drifts to where you've been.
I can't remember the last time I just enjoyed the ride.
Thursday, February 19, 2009
Random Question Thursday
What's the longest you've left your (live) Christmas tree up?
So far? February 20th (tomorrow) ... and counting.
Wednesday, February 18, 2009
Moving at the speed of frozen molasses
Cold. Air.
Ittybit has pulled the covers off my bedraggled head and now she's screaming into the sheets.
"Mom. Get. Up."
"No. No. NOOOOOOOOOOOOOO! … I don't want to get up. I want to lay right here. Like this. Until you go to college."
She doesn't believe me.
I squeeze my eyes shut and drag the quilt up to my shoulders. I shove the rest of me under the pillow.
I can think of a thousand things I don't want to do. Why bother getting out of bed to face them?
Her father snorts back a laugh. He's been awake for hours.
Together the pair has been milling about the house breaking eggs and fixing coffee, waiting impatiently for the pair of lazy bones to get a move on. They've emptied the dishwasher, started a load of laundry. They've learned what happened in the world overnight and they're beginning a list of what the day has in store.
Meanwhile, the boy and I have been ignoring the clattering of empty pots for at least 45 minutes now. Every so often he lifts his head — his face screwed into a puzzled look as if to say 'Morning? Already? No. Can't be!' — only to plant his face back into the pillow and resume a pleasant snore.
"Mooooooooooooooom!" she chides, undeterred by my lack of forward motion. "… You are missing out on everything."
With the exuberance of youth and boundless energy, she tells me of all that the day could hold:
We could go sledding. … Or I could take a ski lesson. … We could go to lunch … or on a play date … or to the movies … or to the park.
"I know. We could go to Disney World.
My silence is not a deterrent.
"I've always wanted to go to Disney World."
It occurs to me that if Disney World were a warm, dark place filled with fluffy pillows and warm down comforters … If Mickey never so much as opened his mouth … not even for a muffled chortle … it would be a very happy place for people like me.
People who need to sit in the dark like mushrooms for as long as they are allowed to live anti-social oblivion.
People who sit there on the edge of that one last straw that threatens to fracture the dromedary's back.
People, just like me, who are waiting for the morning to come and finally wash away the dark.
Tuesday, February 17, 2009
Out of our league
There comes a point in every parent's career -- even if it's only briefly -- when they wonder: "Am I in over my head?"
It's not the "Have I made a mistake?" thought. Of course we've made mistakes. We ALL make mistakes. And we will continue to make mistakes; that's what life is all about -- fixing mistakes.
No, this is the moment when you realize you have absolutely NO IDEA what it is you are supposed to do in any given situation.
Your son walks up to you, say, carrying an orange marker and the tell-tale signs that he's uncapped the felt-tipped vehicle for vandalism are all over the exposed portions of his body.
A part of you KNOWS you'll find orange-colored scribbles all over the walls -- possibly right beside the purple scribbles you chastised him for last week -- but you just don't want to look. Nothing you own seems as precious, anyway. Errant crayons and dog slobber have seen to that.
But still there's the issue of imparting the rules. Getting all creatures great and small to toe the line.
But what worked with one doesn't work with the other.
He's got his own agenda.
You say "NO"
He just laughs.
You say "Time Out"
He laughs and laughs.
Thank goodness the markers are washable.
... Wash, rinse, repete.
Monday, February 16, 2009
He broke my heart ...
... my Achy Breaky Heart ...
all because he was tired of people calling our son "Billy Ray Silas."
Friday, February 13, 2009
My funny Valentine
Dear Babies of Mine,
Somebody (I can't remember who) once said (and I paraphrase) the difference between mothers and other women is that mothers wear their hearts on the outside ...
People not as anxious as I might translate such a saying to mean that women who are mothers are somehow softer than the rest of their double X sisters. They are more in tune with the universe from the biologic act of procreation.
I don't know anyone who speaks that language.
"Don't worry, mom" is an oxymoron.
Most of us who live with pint-sized humans understand it to mean that our hearts are unprotected ... vulnerable to things beyond our control ... things that lie in wait.
And nothing good ever lies in wait.
Not the skinned knee ... nor the broken bone. The first crush and its inevitable breakup. But more than that ...
Truly, much of what we worry about is unspeakable. We won't - we can't - speak of it.
It's hard to imagine a world without her serious dedication
... or his devilish grin
... or her singing sentences
... or his full-on, toddling gait
... or her smiles and hugs
... or even his emphatic use of the word "NO!"
... or her near-constant motion
... or his desire to copy everything she does
... or just the fact that they are now happily playing together.
And especially now that you both say "I love you" in unprompted moments, it's impossible not to wear my heart on the surface.
It makes me think of "Valentine" not as heart-shaped confections or the Saint for which its day was named, but being more similar to the prongs of a pitchfork - piercing.
I know I have to shake these feelings off ... smile and be positive. Nothing good ever comes from worry, either. Because of you, I see that, too.
I just wanted to let you know that you remind me each day that tomorrow will be sweet.
Thursday, February 12, 2009
Random Question Thursday
Did your wedding meet your childhood expectations?
When I was five years old I told my father's mother that I didn't want to get married. Not. Ever. I didn't want kids of my own. Maybe I'd adopt.
She looked at me like I was CRAZY!
I suppose I was. I didn't want to be a bride. I wanted to be me.
So I guess my answer would be 'No.'
And for another 29 years I believed what my five-year-old self had said.
Until the day Jed and I were married in a field, in front of about 135 members of our family and friends. We held a reception at our house including beef tenderloin and trout (heads on). It was more fun than I could have ever imagined.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
He used have a teensy little addiction to Sony PlayStation
Tuesday, February 10, 2009
Today's snack was brought to you by the letter "L"
Really? Let me see ... A healthy snack that doesn't contain chocolate or refined sugar ... AND something that begins with the letter "L."
The following is a list of brainstormed items coupled with Ittybit's responses in parentheses:
La-la-la Lemons? (Too puckery, but lemonade would be fine).
Lemon-poppyseed muffins? (Naw).
Leeks? (What are they)?
Lobster? (Yech).
Lox? (That's not even food).
Liverwurst? (Uh, NOOOO)!
Lamb? (WHAT? Those cute and cuddly things)?
Lumpfish? (That just sounds not good).
Lutefisk? (I don't even want to know what THAT is).
Lentils? (I suppose. ... it's a soup, right)?
Lasagna? (At least I've heard of that).
Lollipops? (But teacher said 'No lollipops').
I'm sure she won't mind if they're made of apples ...
Of course ... on second thought, she's going to be none-too-happy about the skewers ... Maybe we can just saw the pointy parts off.
Monday, February 09, 2009
My bags are packed ... I'm ready to go
I didn't even know she was upset. She was chattering away as I was poking around in the paper bags my husband had brought in from their trip to the store.
Orange juice,
Eggs ...
She walked past me in her usual flair; with a kind of brisk pounding of feet and a dramatic flounce of hair as she trudged down the hall to her room.
"She's packing ... " my husband said to me a few minutes later as I was putting away the groceries. "She says she wants to leave."
Before she stormed out I had heard her voice chirping away, flittering between octaves "... ip ip ip ip ip ..." as I opened and closed the refrigerator door, "ip ip ip ip ip ip" as I folded another emptied bag and stowed it beneath the island with the other recyclables. "Ip ip ip ip ip ip ip. ..." I really hadn't been listening.
I roll my eyes. I don't want to deal with another tantrum.
By the time I finished and found my way to her room, we bumped into each other at the door. I was going in ready for a fight and she was coming out ready for flight. She'd slung my old drawstring backpack over her shoulder, filled to the brim. The bag was bigger than she was.
She was crying.
The fight had gone out of me when I saw her eyes. She was earnest, and it had been a long day.
I asked her to talk to me, to sit in her room and discuss what had happened. I took the pack from her shoulders when she tearfully agreed.
As we sat on her bed, a tiny lifetime of upset streamed out with her tears.
Upset that seemed to go back as far as the hospital ... when she was born.
"I remember another mother. Not you. A mother who was nicer to me. Who listened to me. Who didn't just SAY she was going to do something she DID it.
That's the mother I'm going off to find."
I listened as the story brought her to my pregnancy with Silas, and how she really wanted a girl ... How she wanted to share her room and her toys, and talk about girl things, and sing girl songs ... and how she got a boy.
"But I was happy because everyone else was happy. I wasn't happy though. I wanted a sister and YOU GAVE ME A BROTHER!
"My real mother would have given me a sister."
For a moment I felt sorry for her. Poor unloved little waif who waits (somewhat) patiently for her mother to get up from behind her computer and get her a glass of milk, damnit, only to have to ask thirteen thousand times. ... Or eighteen thousand, depending on who you ask.
She was right. Everyone wants to hug Silas, they all say how cute Silas is, remark on how funny Silas is, how patient Silas is, how loveable Silas is ... She has become invisible.
I look over at the backpack, it's filled with clothes from her dresser, but not a single toy. She's serious about leaving.
"I'm just a rotten egg," she wails.
When I was her age (maybe slightly older), I ran away from home. Twice.
The first time I got only as far as the front stoop. It was raining in sheets and I didn't want to get wet. The second time I got all the way to the mailbox, where a neighbor, noticing me just standing there with my plaid suitcase (that black and red pattern and faint smell of vinyl forever etched in my mind) packed tight with toys and clothes, asked what brought me there.
I told him I was running away from home. He laughed a little, then mentioned I really hadn't gotten that far. I told him it was as far as I could go since I wasn't allowed to cross the street.
It's hard to assert yourself when you're five.
Annabel doesn't seem to have my problem though, she just has my number.
"You're not a rotten egg. You know that," I tell her ... hoping something brilliant will come to me as I'm feeling around for an answer that will make everything all right.
It doesn't. All I can tell her is I'm sorry she feels the way she does, and I'll try to do better. I remind her of how her brother lights up when he sees her ... not us but her. And I admit that she has every right to feel sad, and to even demand attention. Fair is fair.
"Why don't you come with me to the store. Your father forgot the lemons. You come with me. We'll get a special and some time to ourselves."
"O.K.," she said unsteadily. "I'll go, but what about my bag?"
"We'll just leave it for when we get back. I'll help you unpack."
Friday, February 06, 2009
She doesn't play the blues
Thursday, February 05, 2009
We interrupt the regularly scheduled Random Question Thursday to bring you the following SAD SONG
We've all heard it before: "Newspapers are dying."
I've often said that we're killing them, but that's probably just quibbling over terms.
After all, we can each point fingers at a cause: Nobody reads anymore, no one wants to deal with the mess, the internet is faster and free, Craigslist is siphoning off the most lucrative (if not least sexy) stream of revenue, corporations have sucked the marrow dry.
Well ... one of ours, The Independent, is closing. Whether it has died or been killed, I suppose, doesn't really matter. The 36-year-old community newspaper, which had been owned by Journal Register Co. for the last eight of them, will stop publishing forever as of Friday.
Something will probably take its place eventually. ... A free rag, put together by people in part-time jobs without benefits, will eventually find its way into mailboxes throughout the counties this bi-weekly once serviced. The new newspaper, if you can really call it that, will offer glowing reports on new businesses and tasty recipes from syndicated (but free) content providers. There will probably be more ads and more announcements of school lunch menus and honor rolls than humanly thought possible.
But, come Friday, an authentic voice of the community, at least in print, will be gone.
I think a moment of silence is in order.
Wednesday, February 04, 2009
We have a visitor
Little Flat Annabel has returned and brought with her Little Flat Jaylene for a visit. For those of you who may not remember, last October we sent off Annabel's two-dimensional emissary to spend some time with her pen pal in Taiwan.
While she was with her hosts in Taiwan, Little Flat Annabel visited scenic places, participated in some crafty goodness and even went to school. She celebrated both Jaylene's and Annabel's birthdays, Christmas and both the American and Chinese New Years.
Jaylene carefully recorded their exploits in the holidays celebrated in this drawing.
The Chinese characters in red say: "Ping Ping An An, which means "a peaceful year to you."
Now it's our turn.
Of course Annabel couldn't stop commenting on how many gifts the real Jaylene (and her mom) packed into their travel containers. Toys and books, handmade goodies, chocolates and teas, even lanterns to celebrate the upcoming holiday.
I tell you, we've been learning a thing or ten from this girl. (Although the Chinese language may not be among these things, seeing as how Annabel insists the words in the books are Spanish and "she already knows Spanish.")
Hopefully we'll be able to send Little Flat Jaylene home after her visit with some surprises of our own.
The first stop of her travels ... besides vising our new house and seeing the room that is to be Annabel's ... was to preschool, where Annabel introduced Little Flat Jaylene to her teachers, Pat and Marcia, and learned the introduction was fortuitous as the class was celebrating the letter "T."
A timely theme for talking about a tyke from Taiwan.
Tuesday, February 03, 2009
Sometimes it's so hard to see potential.
I walk through this house we now own, a place we will soon live, and all I see is floors that don't meet walls by a long shot or wires that snake out of control. I see curvy floors, realizing a marble dropped in the kitchen will likely roll to side door if it's tragectory isn't impeded by a raised nail or some other bit of detritus.
I close my eyes and hope for the best.
"Everything always works out," I tell myself ... "even when it doesn't work out the way you'd like."
I wrote recently of my beginnings in journalism. I wrote of what it felt like to work for a community newspaper; what it felt like to be a part of something that was bigger than just the signature on my check. How humbled I was looking back.
I was jubulient in the memories of the work and the people and the time.
Well, today, a very nice woman phoned and asked me to talk about the time I spent at THAT particular newspaper. She was writing a story about the paper and ITS history; she wanted stories about what it was like. I imagined she wanted glowing memories of its near-fabled past owners.
I had none of that nostalgia for her.
My memories of the company were personal ... and not terribly pleasant.
They had laid me off. After I'd worked 12 to 14 hours a day for seven years. After I'd spend the early years of my 20-somethings writing about garbage tipping fees and school lunches. After I'd spent those years living on pasta to make the $1,000 a month (gross) stretch as far as it could.
I have no love for that paper anymore.
And I couldn't stop myself from telling her.
All I can do know, as I wait to see how my words are translated by her ear, is to close my eyes and hope for the best.


text:
Regular price
This light up tutu comes in Pink, Blue, Purple, and White! The comfortable elastic waist band fits a 26-36 inch waist. You can upgrade this with a Blink to the Beat Sound pack upgrade ($10), or keep the standard 3 mode battery pack with Fast blink, Slow blink, or solid color. This will make you one of the most unique people at your next rave or festival!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
First of all "Marketing" is NOT a division of doing business like Advertising. Marketing IS what you DO for prospects. The BENEFITS. No one "markets a salon". No one does business with "a salon". People DO business with people.
As a Hairdresser/Stylist, you do NOT "do hair". Marketing is speaking about DOING something for your prospect. As in when your prospect asks you:
"What do you 'DO' ?" Your best response: "If you would like to look more successful, more powerful, sexier, attracting more people and money into your life… That's what I can do for you." Prospect: "Wow! Tell me how I can get that."
When you understand that ALL people, (even YOU) are focused, listening to the same radio station in your head: "W.I.I.F.M." (What's In It For Me)… only then when you speak to what's important to THEM, your prospect and state WHAT you can DO for THEM… the BENEFITS of doing ANYTHING with you… only then will you have them interested in DOING business with you.
When you want to learn WHAT BENEFITS your prospect/client really wants, ASK them a QUESTION. When they reply with a specific BENEFIT, then ASK them another question: "What's important to you about (BENEFIT)?" When you can dig down to the feeling they associate with what's important to them, then you have the real BENEFIT they are seeking. The answers will amaze you.
But, the most important thing to get here is that no one, not you, not me does a technical thing for anybody. What we DO… is deliver BENEFITS for our prospects.
When you speak to WHAT is IMPORTANT and BENEFICIAL to your prospects/clients you will understand what Marketing is. This works in writing as well. No one cares about you until they see or hear how much you care about them.
It's all about the BENEFITS. What it DOES…
You can also find out WHAT you DO for prospects by reading their testimonials. It's NOT about the hair. It IS What getting their hair cut, coloured, improved or changed has given them: "higher pay," "better relationships," "looking more attractive," "feeling more confident," "absolutely more sexy," "more compliments", etcetera…
~JonathanAt HairArtiste
P.S. KEY NOTE: "I'm a…" is not the way a person starts a statement about marketing themselves or their business. It's NOT about you. It IS about your prospect. They are asking YOU: W.I.I.F.M. … What's In It For Me? What's the BENEFIT I get for doing business with you? And YOU cannot know that without asking them: "What's important to you about your_____? (fill in the blank with: hair, skin, nails, etc.) By the way… Always Be Marketing… it's NOT a part-time thing, it IS your main number one job.
P.P.S. The words of Vidal Sassoon sums it up: "If you don't look good, we don't look good."


text:
This section contains 664 words
(approx. 2 pages at 400 words per page)
Cheryl's House
Cheryl's house is the setting of much of the action of this novel, from Cheryl's alone life to her life with Clee, Clee and Jack and finally Phil. It is a well-organized structure that is kept in place by Cheryl's own self-imposed rules, ones that she tries to get Clee to follow. Clee disrupts this organization at first, but by the end of the novel has joined in a kind of symbiosis. The house grows with Cheryl, becoming messier but more whole as she does. It is the place where Cheryl breaks down, urinating in tupperware but also the place where she shares tender moments with both Clee and Jack. It has an energy of its own, having been cared for by Rick prior to and during Cheryl's stay there.
Dr. TIbbet's Office
Dr. Ruth-Anne Tibbet's office is strangely similar to Cheryl's own home in terms of...
This section contains 664 words
(approx. 2 pages at 400 words per page)


text:
The WOD Life
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text:
Easy Peanut Butter Balls Recipe
This easy peanut butter balls recipe give you a healthy and satisfying choice when you are looking for a little something sweet.
Makes about 30 melon scoop sized balls
Peanut Butter Balls
2/3 cup crunchy peanut butter
1 cup nonfat dry milk powder
2 Tablespoons honey
Coating Suggestions:
Amounts will depend on how many balls you are rolling in a coating.
ground pumpkin seeds
ground nuts
sesame seeds
cocoa powder stirred into confectioners' sugar
natural dark cacao powder
Peanut Butter Balls
Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Use either a small food processor or an electric mixer.
Place all the ingredients in and turn on to combine.
Do a little taste test.
If you want it sweeter, add a little more honey.
The well combined peanut butter texture should be crumbly.
You can use a either a teaspoon or a melon scoop.
Take a spoonful and use your hands to roll into nice tight packed balls.
Have ready the toppings of choice.
Roll each ball into a coating, pressing slightly to make the toppings stick.
Place the balls onto the prepared sheet.
Place the finished balls into the refrigerator to make firm.
Transfer to a container with a seal top. Keep refrigerated.


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TOKYO -- Japan's opposition swept to a historic victory in elections yesterday, crushing the ruling conservative party that has run the country for most of the postwar era and assuming the daunting task of pulling the economy out of its worst slump since World War II.
TOKYO -- Japan's opposition swept to a historic victory in elections yesterday, crushing the ruling conservative party that has run the country for most of the postwar era and assuming the daunting task of pulling the economy out of its worst slump since World War II.
A grim Prime Minister Taro Aso conceded defeat just a couple of hours after polls had closed. He also suggested that he will quit as president of the Liberal Democratic Party, which has ruled for all but 11 months since 1955.
"The results are very severe," Aso said. "There has been a deep dissatisfaction with our party."
Unemployment and deflation -- and an aging, shrinking population -- have left families fearful. Fed up with the LDP, voters turned overwhelmingly to the opposition Democratic Party of Japan, which ran a populist-leaning platform with plans for cash handouts to families with children and expansion of the social safety net.
"This is a victory for the people," said Yukio Hatoyama, the leader of the Democrats and almost certainly Japan's next prime minister. "We want to build a new government that hears the voices of the nation."
Hatoyama and his party, which is an eclectic mix of former Liberal Democrats, socialists and progressives, face a daunting array of economic and demographic challenges.
Japan's economy has been hit hard amid the global recession and falling demand for its exports. The unemployment rate has spiked to a record 5.7 percent.
The Democrats' plan to give families 26,000 yen ($275) a month per child through junior high is meant to ease parenting costs and encourage more women to have babies. Japan's population of 127.6 million peaked in 2006 and is expected to fall below 100 million by the middle of the century.
The Democrats also propose toll-free highways, free high schools, income support for farmers, monthly allowances for job seekers in training, a higher minimum wage and tax cuts.
Official nationwide results were expected to be announced today, but public broadcaster NHK projected that the Democrats had won 308 of the 480 seats in the lower house to the LDP's 119, citing local results. Other parties and independent candidates won 53. The LDP entered the election with 300 seats to the Democrats' 112.
"It's a historic election in that a clear alternation of power has happened for the first time in the postwar period," said Koichi Nakano, professor of political science at Sophia University in Tokyo. "It's hard to know whether this is going to lead to a real change in policy, at least for the short term."
The loss was only the second suffered by the Liberal Democratic Party -- which traditionally has been the champion of big business and conservative interests -- since it was founded in 1955. The only other time it was out of power was for less than 11 months in 1993 and 1994-94; a ruling coalition of eight parties quickly collapsed.


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Tutus and Tennis Shoes 5k is a fun run/walk to support the Sun Valley Ballet Foundation and to insure that they can provide high-level dance instruction and performance opportunities with affordable tuition, retain small class sizes and make available financial assistance and scholarships. The first 40 participants will receive a free race tutu! Your registration includes a free post-race hot dog, beer (21 and older) or lemonade.
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Earlier Event: May 5Spring Showcase "BROADWAY"
Later Event: August 18Tacos for Tutus First Annual Fundraiser


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Most home-cooked dessert should be simple – some fruit and yoghurt pots. An easy upside down cake. A boozy sorbet for the grown ups. It's the no-stress, no-fuss type of dessert you can put together with cupboard ingredients and only a few minutes to spare.
But sometimes dessert should be fussed over. Sometimes dessert should be an extravagant spectacle that elicits spontaneous oohs and ahhs from your guests. So for our Christmas Day lunch yesterday I decided to bake a three-layer pavlova.
Pavlova — that brilliant Australian dessert comprising a meringue and marshmallow base topped with whipped cream and fresh fruit — is pretty darn near perfect as it is. But of course I had to fiddle with the original recipe, making a deconstructed pavlova and a Messy Pavlova or Eton Mess Down Under Style.
This time I decided to make my pavlova fantasy – a stack of three pavlovas with only red fruit and rose petals. I just love how festive and celebratory this looks.
I'd never made a layered pavlova before and was a little concerned that it might collapse under its own weight so made sure to whip the cream a little thicker than usual to help with stability. I also baked the pavs the night before so they had plenty of time to cool and dry out a little bit.
As it turned out apart from a little cracking and compressing of the middle layer the pavlova held firm. In any case, I like the cracking and slight unevenness of a home-made pav – it's the antithesis of the always 'perfect' pavs you can buy from Coles.
Decorated with fresh fruit and dried rose petals, this layered pavlova is something of a show-stopper. So next time you have something to celebrate why not give it a go?
Raspberry Pomegranate Layered Pavlova
- 10 egg whites
- Large pinch salt
- 2.5 cups sugar
- 5 teaspoons corn flour
- 2.5 teaspoons white or red wine vinegar
- 2 teaspoons vanilla bean extract
- 725 mls thickened cream
- 1 teaspoon vanilla bean extract
- 2-3 punnets raspberries (I used 2)
- 1 large pomegranate or 2 small ones
- 2 teaspoons dried rose petals (food grade, organic if possible)
- Preheat oven to 200 degrees Celsius.
- Line three baking trays with baking paper or tin foil and draw a 20cm circle on each.
- Wipe mixing bowl with vinegar and then beat egg whites with salt until soft peaks form.
- Add sugar in five batches (1/2 cup at a team), beating thoroughly between each addition until meringue is thick and shiny. Try holding the bowl upside down – if the meringue doesn't move, it's thick enough!
- Add cornflour, vinegar and vanilla extract and gently fold in.
- Divide mixture equally between three baking trays and spread gently to fill in the circle shape (an offset spatula is great for this). Smooth the top and the sides.
- Place the trays in the oven and immediately reduce heat to 120 degrees Celsius. Bake pavlovas for 90 minutes and then turn off heat, leaving them to cool in the oven.
- When ready to assemble, whip cream with 1 teaspoon vanilla bean extract.
- Take one pavlova and spread with a third of the cream, leaving a 2 cm gap around the edge. Decorate with a handful of berries and pomegranate seeds, concentrating the berries at the sides and the pomegranate seeds in the middle). Repeat with two other layers.
- Add a few extra raspberries and pomegranate seeds on the sides and then sprinkle rose petals over the whole thing, letting some fall over the berries and pomegranate seeds and some on the sides.
- Serves 16-18.
- Gluten and nut free.
- I assembled the pavlova on a dinner plate that I then placed on a cake stand because I wanted to photograph it and then refrigerate it until it was time for dessert (the cake stand plus pavlova wouldn't have fit in the fridge). Usually I'd assemble the pavlova directly onto a cake stand.
- You can substitute any kind of fresh fruit you can get your hands on for the raspberries and pomegranates. I also love mango and passionfruit together, and peaches and blueberries. Just keep in mind that the lighter the fruit, the more likely that the pavlova will keep its shape.
- To de-seed a pomegranate, wear an apron and place a deep bowl in the kitchen sink. Cut the pomegranate in half and then use a heavy wooden spoon to bash the seeds out of the pomegranate and into the bowl. Doing this in the sink reduces the clean up job as the juice tends to spurt everywhere.
- If the pav does collapse simply scoop up sections of it and serve them in individual bowls with added fruit as Eton Mess. No one will notice.
More Show-Stopping Desserts
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As part of AAC&U's ongoing Liberal Education and America's Promise (LEAP) initiative, AAC&U released The LEAP Challenge—... Read more
Mounting and Sustaining Successful College Capstones
With support from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, AAC&U's project Mounting and Sustaining Successful College Capstones has focused on analyzing best practices in capstone projects and courses at a group of eight varied colleges and universities. This project has provided groundwork for AAC&U's new major initiative, the LEAP Challenge. At the heart of the LEAP Challenge is the invitation to colleges and universities to make Signature Work a goal for all students and the expected standard of quality learning in college. Signature Work involves a student pursuing a significant project on a problem he or she defines that draws upon the student's cumulative and integrative learning and cultivates and demonstrates critical thinking, communication, and problem solving. Capstones can be a key opportunity for students to complete Signature Work.
The eight institutions that participated in this project all have robust capstone programs, usually required for all students. These institutions see the capstone as a culminating experience, typically within the major, in which the student undertakes significant research or creative work resulting in a written thesis, exhibit or performance, or community-based project. The project schools demonstrate that many different types of institutions, as well as different models of capstones, can be effective in reaching the goal of meaningful capstone experiences for all students.
Head and Heart - Final Short - 7-13-15 from Lawrence Johnson on Vimeo.


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This essay has been submitted by a law student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.
Justify The Patenting Of Life Saving Drugs
There have been wide-ranging debates about the introduction of patents on pharmaceuticals in developing countries. On the one hand, it has been argued that it should give incentives to the pharmaceutical industry to undertake more research and development on tropical diseases. On the other hand, the patenting of pharmaceuticals has been criticised as raising human rights issues regarding access to life-saving drugs. To others, patents have prevented access to cheap generic versions of life-saving drugs which such countries badly need, such as for the HIV/AIDS pandemic. [1] This brief examines to what extent it is possible to justify the patenting of live-saving drugs. The brief starts by exploring the concept of patent. Then, it examines the patent system and its rationale in general. Then, it considers the relationship between patent rights and protection of public health. The brief goes to examine extent to which it is possible to justify the patenting of live-saving drugs. The examination includes an investigation into the role of the patent system in relation to the pharmaceutical industry, the moral limits of patents, how the exclusion of a patent can create social costs, the rationale for the patenting of live saving-drugs and the incentive theory and how this can be balanced with access to live-saving drugs
The patent system and its rationale: general overview
A patent is a grant of monopoly to an inventor who has used his/her skill to invent something new. [2] The grant of the patent effectively gives the inventor a monopoly to work the invention to the exclusion of others for a period not exceeding 20 years. However, a patent is not absolute and there area a number of checks and balances to curb its abuse. A patent is a form of personal property. It can be assigned, licensed or charged by way of a mortgage. However, patent is not a thing in action. [3] Patent law deals with new and industrially applicable inventions. The law grants a monopoly for a limited period of time in return for disclosure of the details of the invention. The details are available for public inspection and they are comprehensive enough to enable a skilled person in that art to make practical use of the invention. Total disclosure is a central prerequisite for the grant of a patent. [4]
Both individual and public justifications have played prominent roles in the arguments in favour of patent for invention. At times, the supporters of patent protection have emphasised the natural rights of inventors to products of their mental labour. [5] Others have argued that justice demands that an investor's contribution should recognised by the grant of a reward. [6] Although these arguments have been relied upon in examining aspects of the patent system, they have not been popular as the public interest justifications. [7] However, the current debates about how indigenous interests should be accounted for in the patent system have seen a resurgence of interest in arguments about inherent rights and justice. [8]
Whilst some commentators have drawn on natural rights in support of the grant of patents, the most common form of argument has concentrated on the public benefit that flow from the grant of patent monopolies. There arguments have changed over times, but they share in common the basic idea that the public should ever have to endure the harm caused by the grant of a patent if the public receives some corresponding benefits. [9] Initially, public benefit in the patent system was said to flow from the fact that the patentee introduced a form of technology that had not previously been available. This involved the patentee importing information about a trade or craft from another country.
This rationale was replaced by the argument that the public benefit lays in the disclosure of the invention that occurred on publication on the patent application. The justification focused on the role that the patent system played in the generation and circulation of technical information. [10] In particular, it is said that patent act as incentive to individuals or organisations to disclose information that may have otherwise remain secret. [11] The information function of the patent was reinforced by the Patents Act 1977 (PA 1977) and the European Patent Convention 1973 (EPC 1973), which emphasised the need for invention to be disclosed in such a way that it could readily be put into practice. [12]
Although patents do make available a large quantity of information about the latest technical advances and they are regularly consulted by those concerned with developments in many industries, exaggerated expectations need to be avoided. If the inventive concept is one that has to be embodied in a marketed product, the patent may give earlier access to the information and perhaps a more explicit statement of what the invention is. The disclosure side of the patent bargain is not a policy that is easy to implement because there is obvious temptation for any patentee to omit from his/her specification information that may seem incidental but is in fact useful or important to commercial success. When this effect can be achieved, the patent system is reduced an index of sources from which further information may be had on application and payment.
Patents have also been justified by the fact that they provide an incentive for the production of new inventions and innovations. [13] As Lord Over said, the underlying purpose of the patent system is to encourage improvements and innovations. [14] The return of making the improvement known to the public, the inventor receives the benefit of a period of a monopoly in which s/he is entitled to exclusive exploitation of his/her invention except by his licence. [15] More specifically, its is said that since patents provide the possibility for inventions to be exploited for 20 years period, the inventors will be more willing to fund research and development. [16] In this sense, patents act as a vector that links scientific and technical with commercial spheres.
Discussions about the efficacy of incentives have a practical, utilitarian flavour which is lacking when the argument is about demands of justice for the individual. Even so, it may be difficult to measure or assess the effect that a patent is producing. Some sort of intervention is needed if inventions are to be made ad introduced to anything like an optimal rate. However, whether this should be done by a patent system or by legal protection against breach or by direct investment on the part of the State is controversial. If it is to be by a patent system, there are many questions about its exact nature which may affect performance. Modern patents systems offer a standard formula to all with inventions to protect. They contrast with systems of research grant and reward, whether funded by the State or private organisations.
Reflecting upon the way that patent law has been viewed, a number of things stand out. Much time and energy have to be expended in pursuit of often an uncertain outcome particularly there are others active in the field. There have been some horrors within the law itself such as the exposure in Genentech [17] of the falsity of the obviousness-inventiveness dichotomy and the inherent uncertainty of the purposive approach to patents being compounded by the additional uncertainty created by the common law judges having lean civil law approaches to issues of interpretation. [18] Add to this is the uncertainty which that attends the basic question of the proper purpose of the patent system and the practical problems of how much and when to claim in an application for a patent. [19] The patent system is having trouble getting grips with cutting edge issues such as biotechnology, nanotechnology and synthetic biology. There may also be imperfections in the system because the extent to which the numbers successfully worked does not match the number of patents granted.
The patent system has widely been seen as a system of regulation. When commentators talk about the patent system in a positive sense, they have always seen it as a tool to promote economic ends, such as encouraging new industries, research and development or innovation. [20] In contrast, whenever non-economic factors such as health, human rights and ethics are discussed, they have either been treated as external (negative) constraints upon the core activities of the patent system or as undesirable side effects that need to be mitigated. [21] Although patent plays a crucial role in macroeconomic policy, there is no reason why the patent system should, as a regulatory tool, only be used in pursuit of economic ends, nor any reason why external factors such as health should not fall within the core remit of the patent system. [22] There is no compelling reason why various patent practices, rules and concepts developed and fine-tuned should only be used for economic ends.
Relationship between patent rights and protection of public health
The stipulation of patenting in various international covering products or processes pushes pharmaceuticals into the domain of private monopoly. This leads to a restriction in the quantity of pharmaceuticals produced and an increase in their prices, and makes pharmaceuticals inaccessible. [23] As a consequence, consumers who can still afford drugs have to pay more for them, conceivably consuming less of them, and consumers who cannot afford the drugs anymore are left without them. [24] When such patent impacts on public health become apparent to countries, intellectual property rights protection becomes highly variable from country to country. [25]
Before the issue of patenting pharmaceuticals was put on the agenda at the Uruguay Round of General Agreement on Trade and Tariff negotiations in 1986, over 40 countries, including a number of today's developed countries, provided no patent protection for pharmaceuticals. Many provided only process but not product patents. In many others, the duration of patents was less than 20 years, [26] and there was limited enforcement of existing standards. [27] As a result, countries with no patent protection for pharmaceutical products or with less protection could get free access to drugs by putting into practice reverse-engineering or the parallel importing of drugs products in order to fulfil their own domestic consumption needs. [28] Countries that provided patent protection to pharmaceuticals could issue compulsory licences for producing pharmaceuticals for domestic use and export purposes on invoking the lenient conditions as laid down in the Paris Convention. [29]
After achieving massive economic development developed countries introduced new industrial policy perspectives in the name of TRIPS by extending the reach and length of patent rights to pharmaceutical inventions. Research shows that during the strict patent regime from 1995 to 2005, research and development in pharmaceuticals rose from 15 to 17.1% of corporate spending. [30] There are other research studies which initially admit a little adverse effect arising from the introduction of a patent in a particular market and later find this also mitigated by the invention and availability of close therapeutic substitutes. [31] However, some empirical research studies show that the patent protection which secures profits for pharmaceutical industry and brings high spending in research and development does not apply to developing and least developed countries since their spending on pharmaceuticals and contribution to profit-making do not affect the decisions pharmaceutical companies about investment in research and development and development of new drugs. [32]
Pharmaceutical companies are hesitant to acknowledge that patent protection may drive drug prices up in developing and least developed countries, and particularly have an impact on access for the poorest of the poor. [33] Rather, they argue that patents and patent laws are not a major barrier to treatment access because many of the drugs defined by the WHO as essential medicines are off-patent and more affordable. [34] Nevertheless, it is also worth noting that significant health needs in developing countries require costly off-patent medicines, such as artemisinin-based antimalarial drugs, tuberculosis treatment and reserve antibiotics. In addition, the 11th edition of the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs includes for the first time a number of "patented pharmaceuticals which are important drugs for treatment of HIV/AIDS and AIDS-related opportunistic infections". [35]
The international trade bodies or treaties did not initially come up with the idea of "essential drugs and national drug policies. Such an idea was first introduced in the late 1970s by the WHO. It aims to provide access to essential medicines by ensuring the rational selection of drugs at affordable prices so that pricing is made sustainable and a reliable supply of medicines is guaranteed within any particular national health system. [36] However, for listing patented pharmaceuticals in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs, essential medicines become a direct challenge to the existing patent-based pharmaceutical regime. [37] For the multifaceted goals of this programme, the WHO listing still exists in consideration of public health needs in developing and least developed countries through the adoption of national health policies specifically mentioning essential drugs. [38]
The patenting of life-saving drugs
Two kinds of justifications for the protection of intellectual property dominate the debate on the patenting of life-saving drugs. The first centres on fairness or compensatory justice concerns, and the second on arguments about the relationship between protection of new inventions and domestic and global economic welfare. Thu, the traditional role of the patent system, which seeks to balance the competing objectives of encouraging innovation through appropriate incentives and providing reasonable access to, and use of, the knowledge and information thereof, persists today in the granting of patents to life-saving drugs. [39] Not only does legal protection for the fruits of innovation enable the patent owner to benefit from an "exclusive market position" with the temporary ability to set prices above the marginal costs of production, but there is also great societal benefit in the dissemination of, and access to, knowledge and information that may be derived thereof. [40] The patent system needs to achieve an appropriate trade-off between protection and access while maintaining competition, particularly in relation to life-saving drugs. [41]
The development of new technologies, particularly in the field of biomedical and pharmaceutical medicines, entails huge investment in research and development that is fraught with significant risks and uncertainties. Therefore, unlike other industrial sectors, the pharmaceutical industry strongly depends on the patent system to recoup its past costs on research and development, to generate profits, and to fund further research and development for future products. [42] The Coalition for Intellectual Property Rights (CIPR) noted that:
"Successive surveys have shown that the pharmaceutical companies, more than any other sector, think patent protection to be very important in maintaining their [research and development] expenditures and technological innovation. The industry understandably takes a close interest in the global application of [intellectual property rights], and generally resists the contention that they constitute a major barrier to access or a deterrent to development in developing countries." [43]
However, the pharmaceutical industry has frequently been criticised to its research priorities. Specifically critics point out that the industry invests heavily in developing treatments for relatively trivial ailments rather than life-threatening ones, drugs for chronic health problems that do not cure patients but that need to be taken continually for many years and one that address the diet related health concerns of the worked well in affluent societies but not those of the under-nourished. [44] In deed, empirical research has found that research investment prioritises inventions for lifestyle drugs, but not for life-saving drugs for diseases prevalent in developing and least developed countries. [45] A study of Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) support the contention that the protection of patent rights is motivated by profiteering interests, not public health needs in developing countries. This study finds that it is not medical needs but market forces that occupy 90% of the world's health expenditure in research and development, and cause the production of lifestyle drugs for impotence, obesity, baldness and the like for just 10% of the world's population. The study also shows that of 1,393 new drugs registered between 1975 and 1999, only 16 were specifically indicated for tropical diseases and tuberculosis, although tropical diseases largely affect poor populations, and account for 12% of the global disease burden. [46]
Therefore, whilst 95% of active TB cases occur in developing countries, no new drugs for the disease have been developed since 1967. [47] Further, according to the WHO only 4.3% of pharmaceutical research and development expenditure is aimed at those health problems mainly concerning low and middle income countries. [48] It has also been argued that many products that come on the market are variants of, or slight improvements upon, existing rather than radically novel drugs. [49] A further criticism of the industry is that is guilty of so-called "disease mongering" which is defined as "the selling of sickness that widens the boundaries of illness and grows the markets for those who sell and deliver treatments". [50]
However, it is difficult to say whether patents are directly responsible for this lack of interest in addressing the need of the poor. Regardless of the patent system, the owners of the pharmaceutical companies would prefer the research to at aim at areas where most money can be made. They "follow the money" and direct research and development towards potential high-profit drugs rather than life-saving drugs. [51] However, could argue that if the justification of the patent system is to serve the public interest, then they should do more to encourage research where public needs are greatest. The most criticism of the pharmaceutical industry has been the lack of access to existing life-saving drugs for the poor in developing countries. The debate was triggered by the HIV/AIDS crisis and the industry success in securing changes to international rules on intellectual property.
The Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs Agreement) is one of the most recent and far reaching victories by intellectual property owners who want to see their rights protected globally. TRIPs Agreement was the result of the strategy whereby pharmaceutical companies defined themselves as the victims of immoral and malicious pirates and thieves. Developing countries that violated intellectual property rights were engaged in unfair trade as well as morally bankrupt. Within the intellectual property discourse, morality is defined as adhering to the law. Since the 1980s, the strategies of pharmaceutical companies have been to persuade United States' policy makers to force developing countries to adapt restrictive patent rules. [52] The industry successfully influenced the United States' policy by opening revolving doors between patent and trademark office and the industry jobs. The close link between industry and government influenced the development of the United States' position on intellectual property rights and was instrumental in getting intellectual property rights included in the GATT negotiations.
During GATT negotiations, the United States argued that the lack of international protection cost its manufactures billions of dollars annually. [53] The industry also made a set of arguments about the importance of strong international protection of intellectual property rights to foster economic development. In particular, this would encourage investment in research and technological transfer in developing countries. The industry gained significant traction on the issue of intellectual property by developing rights discourse. [54] The pharmaceutical companies defined their own behaviour as moral when they successfully claimed they were defenceless from the theft of immoral countries.
The TRIPs Agreement was intended to eliminate or delay price-lowering from generic producers. [55] The extent to which patents affect the prices of drugs varies and it may not be enough to say drugs will always be expensive when they are patented and vice versa. However, since patents may restrict competition, they are likely to have the effect of keeping the prices artificially high and unaffordable to countries responding to health crises. A recently published study assessing the impact of patents on the pricing of HIV/AIDS drugs in a sample of low and middle-income countries from 1995 to mid-2000 shows that patents prevent competition between the innovator of the drug (and any of its licensees) and the imitators (unauthorised providers). [56] It also finds that patents prevent competition between providers of products that contain the same therapeutically active substance and that only differ slightly in other characteristics. The findings in the study lead to the fact that the dearth of such close competitors shifts drug prices upwards. Drug companies have a strategic desire not to reveal, by such pricing, just how low their marginal costs actually were. This information could be used by large purchasers of drugs to bargain down the price of drugs in rich developed countries. Therefore, drug companies have been prepared in some instances to give away drugs to poor countries
The moral limits of patents
It is important to examine the discourse of morality surrounding the patent fights over access to affordable live-saving drugs. The debate over access to life-saving dugs highlights that in some cases what is needed is a new paradigm from which to discuss rights more generally. Prior to the controversy over access to HIV/AIDS medications, drug companies had been very clever at monopolising the discourse on morality. They successfully labelled anyone making drugs that violated patent rights as pirates an thieves, and utilised the international system of trade sanctions to punish possible infringers. The AIDS crisis in South Africa was an event that made it possible to challenge the discourse created by the pharmaceutical industry. In 1997, the South African government passed the Medicines and Related Substances Control Act Amendment to address the problems associated with delivering AIDS medication to the million of South Africans with HIV/AIDS. The Act allowed the Minister of Health to make affordable medication available to protect public health. The South African government decided to pass the legislation because the issue of AIDS could no longer be ignored. However, the South African government was sued by a conglomeration of international pharmaceutical companies that provide AIDS medication on the international market.
The South African AIDS controversy is important for a number of reasons. However, the most important aspect of the controversy was that activists working internationally successfully resisted the discourse of patent rights and have argued that lives ought to be more important that property. Activists were able to put pressure the pharmaceutical industry, the United States and the WTO into conceding the necessity of developing access to medication as a crucial human right. In the process, these activists have created an alternative moral framework for the understanding between patent and human life. The moral discourse shifted from in favour of the pirates and the drug companies lost some of their grounds. The moral paradigm created by these transnational social movements advocates parallel importation, compulsory licensing agreements and an understanding that health care is a moral and human right. [57]
Despite its position on international protection of patents, the United States itself allows compulsory licensing to military technology and public health goods. For example, neither the American nor Canadian supplies were able to supply enough Cipro, a patented drug owned by a German pharmaceutical company Bayer, to meet demand in the event of anthrax epidemic. In response, Canada ordered a million doses of Cipro from a genetic drug manufacturer in violation of Bayer's patent. Having threatened Buyer to follow the Canadian lead, the United States negotiated a reduced price to stockpile enough Cipro for large attack. The United States used threat of compulsory licensing to lower the price of a medicine needed by American consumers. The united States have ignored this double standard as it works to protect interests of its pharmaceutical companies abroad.
Reconciling the incentive theory and access to life-saving drugs
The pharmaceutical industry argues that they are in the business of producing life-saving drugs that will only be developed if the incentive is to create new products remain intact. Without strong protective measures, there would be no incentive to produce new life-saving drugs. However, Cuba's production of a meningitis vaccine indicates that a government with sufficient interest in protecting public health can do amazing things too. In the realm of pharmaceuticals, there is viable role government can play in creating medication instead of working to protect patents. The patent system is important in creating drugs. However, publicly funded support for innovation is crucial to the development of many drugs. Government can inspire innovation through funding. Therefore, research and development is not solely in the hands of organisations that only create when absolute protection is guaranteed.
The industry implies that if their monopoly rights are not sufficiently protected, they will not invest money in new research. The pharmaceutical industry associates its work with the most moral of pursuits. Such a pursuit has an economic framework and diseases will only be reached if the incentive remains high enough to offset the risk. A weaker incentive structure caused by caused by competition may lead to less research and development on life-saving drugs. Thus, without strong patent, the pharmaceuticals argue that research for the most devastating diseases will be ignored and focus will be put on diseases of the wealthy. The pharmaceutical industry maintains that only one in 4,000 drugs will make it to the market and because it will cost millions of dollars for each one, it is necessary to provide lengthy patent protection to recoup costs. However, the protection of patent is much about market control as it is about incentives to research and develop new drugs. [58] The industry has taken a hard-line approach and attempt to restrict possible infringement. However, although this approach may make sense from intellectual property perspective, it leaves the industry open to claims of heartedness. [59]
Global pharmaceutical industry argues that the use of parallel imports and compulsory licence will result in significant loss of control. However, the AIDS activists' resistance did not aim at destroying the patent law. Activists sought to make remedies that already existed within the status quo available to countries that had been forced to comply with an interpretation of international law not necessarily on their best interest. Form many developing countries the underlying rationale for excluding pharmaceutical products from patent protection in the pre-TRIPs era was to enhance access to medicines and health care. [60] Under the terms of the TRIPs Agreement, the countries faced the prospect that cheap, patent free generic pharmaceutical products could be replaced by an increased reliance on patented pharmaceutical products imported by global corporate actors.
However, under Article 65.4 of the TRIPs Agreement, developing countries could delay product patent protection to areas of technology not previously protectable when the agreement came into force in that Member. Article 65.4 allowed developing countries that did not previously grant patents to pharmaceutical products to delay until 1 January 2005. Once these transitional periods expired, there was a widespread expectation that the costs of pharmaceutical products was likely to increase as a result of the TRIPs Agreement. Even when these transition periods have expired, there is nothing to stop developing countries availing themselves of Article 31 of the TRIPs Agreement by issuing compulsory licences on grounds of public health needs provided that adequate compensation is paid to the tight holder. [61]
Despite pharmaceutical claims, compulsory licences and parallel importation do not destroy the patent system, but allow patent rights to be better balanced with easier access to medication. The South African legislation was necessary because international pharmaceutical companies had successfully scripted the discourse of patent rights to favour absolutist position that made it impossible to provide live-saving drugs to the poor throughout the global South. Therefore, the debate about access to life-saving drugs is not about the rejection of the patent system, but balancing that system with health care as a human right. The industry tends to place patent issues into false dichotomy – there is absolute protection or no protection at all. However, it is possible to develop a middle path that promotes the use of compulsory licences and parallel importation to overcome the drug pricing problems. Just as copyright need to be balanced, patent law must be rethought to better balance human rights with property rights.
In order to find a balanced and sustainable solution for the incentives vs. access debate especially between developed countries that frame patent rights in life-saving drugs as a trade issue and developing and low income countries that oppose it on the ground of health issue, dialogues are taking place at the national and international level. However, the dialogue often gets stuck on the issue of whether incentives or access should come first. [62] So, in such rival circumstances, there needs to be a fair approach in view of the TRIPS objectives of facilitating global and national solutions that best suit individual circumstances. In finding a balanced and sustainable solution there is a need to ensure that the protection of patent rights does not undermine developmental needs and access to essential life-saving drugs and their affordability for all. For transitionally and individually achievable goals, developing and least developed countries must be free from any pressure and individually exercise the options already provided for in the TRIPS Agreement and other international agreements.
Access to life-saving drugs in developing countries also involves other factors such as research and development in health, health education, health systems, rational drug use, government taxation and tariffs policies. [63] Some of them can be addressed individually and some factors need global approach. Factors restricting easy access life-saving drugs can globally be done away by placing price regulation and competition policy at the threshold, through discriminatory pricing, differential packaging and generic medicines. [64] Easy access to life-saving drugs can also be ensured by following an open source approach and forming global funding mechanisms or public-private partnerships at the national and international level. This is likely to help research and development and making results of the research available to all countries or providing subsidised or free drugs. [65]
Pharmaceutical companies can have a certain role to play in adopting sound patent policies that recognise the circumstances of developing countries. To this end, pharmaceutical companies can provide for voluntary licences to the generic industry in developing countries, or can take out patents in low-income developing countries or can refuse to enforce existing patents for the purpose of development of essential life-saving drugs. [66] A combination of enforcement of intellectual property laws and price regulation can serve both interests - ensuring royalty collection and protecting public health. However, given the current debate, nothing appears as a holistic approach in ensuring royalties in pharmaceuticals and protecting public health, and it is certain that the current formulation of TRIPS with its "one-size-fits-all" approach serves mostly royalty collection interests and fails to improve the accessibility of vital medicines in protecting public health. In this respect, reframing intellectual property as a human rights paradigm could be an effective joint/global strategy to the extent that intellectual property rights are made sympathetic to the protection of public health.
The relationship between intellectual property and public health has attracted controversy in both the developed and the developing worlds. However, the debate has been most heated in areas like Africa whether millions of people suffer and die from diseases for which life-saving drugs exist that could vastly improve and prolong their lives. The patent system provides protection to for life-saving drugs and restricts compulsory licensing. There appears to be a justification for patent monopoly through control over pharmaceuticals which ensures royalties for patent rights therein. However, a patent regime that confers excessive protection may engender abusive practices that are detrimental to its goals. The current patent system controls the use and supply of pharmaceutical and creates barriers to the access life-saving drugs for poor and low income countries. Its impact particularly in relation to access to life-saving drugs needs to be carefully re-assessed, since rising prices may impede patient access to affordable life-saving drugs and fall especially hard upon poor people.
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6 % discountoff selected car seats
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of the product description.
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In a cozy Terry cloth bathrobe beetle in pink by Playshoes feels safe around your little Darling.
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Mumbai: The Governing Council of the Indian Premier League will meet here Saturday to take stock of the first leg of the Twenty20 league that was held from April 16-30 in the United Arab Emirates.
"We are meeting tomorrow to take stock of the tournament`s matches which were held in the UAE. We also have some other things to be tied up," BCCI secretary Sanjay Patel told PTI from Vadodara.
Patel hinted that the eliminator scheduled in Chennai on May 28 could be shifted to Cricket Club of India here.
"That decision would also be taken, about whether the eliminator is to be shifted to the CCI," Patel said without divulging the reasons.
The M A Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai is scheduled to hold the first Qualifier on May 27 followed by the eliminator the next day.
The second qualifier is scheduled at the Wankhede Stadium here on May 30 followed by the final match at the same ground on June 1 to bring down curtains on the Indian cricket season.


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Started with snow foaming and washing with the two bucket system, after this clayed the whole car and then rewashed.
Dried with drying towel and blew the remaining water off with compressed air, swirl removed with Poorboys using the Dodo Juice Spin Doctor polisher then washed again and dried. Cleaned car down with tough prep and applied two coats of Auto Finesse Tough Coat, after this I applied two coats of Dodo Juice Purple Haze and finished with Auto Finesse Detailer G6 perfect glass and treated the plastics with Nanolex Trom Rejuvenator
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Daily Astrological 19th May, 2017
Horoscopes for Friday with first hours facilitated by Saturn and Uranus. Calculating, predicting and measuring is simple. Researchers, mathematicians, economists and scientists are in a positive light.
Style Cartel Horoscopes for 19th May
At 1PM GMT, Mars and Pluto in a tense moment. Mars acts in the open and Pluto acts in the underworld. As they are antagonistic, each one makes a particular war in different places. At 11AM, avoid negotiations.
Venus does not allow success. Attention to excess expenses. Better not to use the credit card. As it is Waning #Moon in Pisces, the ideal is the gathering. Avoid starting something new, but do not give up on your projects.
The New Moon will arrive on May 25th. The good news is that by then you lose weight easily !! The nightfall of Friday and the dawn of Saturday are perfect for the artists and thinkers. At the meeting of Moon and Neptune in Pisces, much can be revealed.
#Love on Friday, lust and high expenses with the partner. Interest in expensive places and good restaurants. On Saturday, active communication and, Sunday, renewed spirit with Moon in Aries. Have a good time.
Be happy on Earth NAMASTE


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Episode 4
Who's Saving for Retirement, Get Your Affordable Mortgages Here, Social Media Hacks + Ways to Save
On this episode, we'll talk about which American's save the most money towards their retirement. We'll also discuss ways that the federal government is trying to make buying a house more affordable through a lower down payment requirement. Finally, we continue with our series of 54 ways to save money.
Those stories, plus much more, on this episode of Young & Oldish Money.
Guess Who Saves the Most for Retirement?
If you guessed the younger set, then you're wrong!
According to a recent Money Magazine article by Donna Rosato, "You'll Never Guess Who's Saving the Most For Retirement", it's not the Gen Y or X who are plowing into retirement funds.
The over 65, AARP members are making the biggest dent in their retirement accounts. We discuss why this may be so, and how the seniors are stuffing their retirement accounts with as much money as possible.
Are you surprised at who saves the most for retirement?
Listen to get ideas about ways to fatten your nest egg and how even late bloomers can prosper in retirement. Learn how to retire with more in, 'who saves the most for retirement'.
Cheap Mortgages for Millennials – Good or Bad?
We discuss the ins and outs of new mortgage products aimed at growing the ranks of millennial home owners. Real estate ownership, long considered a sign of success across America, is becoming less affordable for many. Today we hit on new products designed to reverse the declining home ownership rates, especially among young adults.
In the Money Magazine article, "Here Come Cheap Mortgages for Millennials. Should We Worry?" Carla Fried talks about the new rules that allow borrowers access to federally guaranteed mortgages with only a 3% down payment. That means if you buy a $400,000 house, then you only need to put down $12,000.
Is this too good to be true, or is this low down-payment opportunity setting the groundwork for a future housing crash?
Find out the pros and cons of low down-payments as well as more great information about real estate.
We'll cover these questions and more…..
- Should millennials start looking to buy a home or condo now, or not?
- How long will you stay in the house?
- Do you have enough income to make the mortgage payments?
Check out government-backed and private mortgages to prepare yourself for home ownership.
Here are the details about these new low down payment federally-insured mortgage products:
Fannie Mae My Community Mortgage-Click on the link to get all of the details about this new low down payment home ownership program.
Freddie Mac Home Possible Mortgage-Click to learn all about this program as well as other Freddie Mac Mortgage offerings.
These real estate issues and more are discussed in this episode.
Is Social Media All It's Cracked up to Be?
Scott Leibs from Inc.com wrote "How to Learn From Social Media (Without Wasting Time)" and inspired this conversation about unique way to use social media.
We dug into the insights from Jeff Platt, CEO of SkyZone, an L.A. based indoor trampoline company and how he used social media to improve. There are unique lessons in this social media deep-dive into ways to gain from your 'social time' online.
Here are a few insights from this podcast episode:
- Read what others are saying about you on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and other social media platforms. Use their comments to improve.
- Let your findings help improve your business and individual relationships with customers and followers.
- Use social media to learn.
- Engage with social media and build your brand.
- Use criticism to your benefit. Applies to businesses and individuals.
More Ways to Save Money
Finally, we're continuing with our America Saves.org initiative about "54 Ways to Save".
Get a few more tips about saving money.
We discuss money saving strategies:
- When to buy expensive items. How to make sure you're getting the best return on investment on your purchase.
- How to use your debit and credit cards the right way.
Do you have any thoughts on social media, retirement savings, buying a home or ways to save?
If you learned something today, we'd really appreciate a review on iTunes.
(Featured image courtesy of digallagher on Flickr)


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- Supporters 2018
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Studio Christchurch
Corner of High, Lichfield & Manchester
Saturday 25 October, 6pm-midnight
Download the free CityUps+ app from the Apple App Store or Google Play and experience the digital dimension of the city of the future!
Download or print the CityUps Map
The corner of Lichfield, Manchester and High streets came to life Saturday night (25 October) with a panorama of fresh architecture, lights, forms and animation. The Festival of Transitional Architecture's headline event CityUps transformed two blocks of central Christchurch with a spectacular city of the future designed and created by the next generation of architects in a Studio Christchurch-led collaboration.
More than 10,000 people came into the centre to regenerate the city's heart at this free, urban-scale event and participate in a buzzing night out of colours and performances. Music came from all directions as crowds eagerly explored and interacted with the students' luminous, large-scale installations, which were supported by twelve metre high scaffolding.
The students' elevated, futuristic city comprised thirteen spectacular designs made with a variety of materials – from road cones to diaphanous materials. The creative transformation of vacant space with temporary architecture included a labyrinthine structure, a twelve metre walk-in kaleidoscope where new patterns were created by the public's movement; towering sheets of lit up bottles, a canopy of floating light shards; a hanging wall of luminous and colourful ducting tubes; a multitude of interconnected, glowing strings and an undulating cascade of blue-glowing orbs.
These futuristic city spaces were activated with live performances and a plethora of activities. From koha haircuts and a bike disco through to live music performances tucked into nooks of the Daze Maze installation, the collective efforts of many brought life to the city for the night. People of all ages joined in for street games including tug-of-war, volleyball and ping pong; the dance hall presented a variety of acts that had people dancing in the street – from Japanese drumming and a Jane Fonda-style aerobics class through to the captivating Abacus Bhangra dancers. The bustling night market, busy food vendors and pop-up bars added to the warm and convivial atmosphere.
FESTA organisers wish to thank Studio Christchurch, all the students, local businesses and performances groups for their months of work leading into this large-scale event and extravaganza. They would also like to thank the public for turning out in force to support the festival and help to animate these creative and temporary city spaces. CityUps was live for one night only and all involved helped to make Christchurch feel like a city again.
You can still experience the digital dimension of CityUps. A special digital app, CityUps+, created on a platform by HIT Lab NZ, allows the public to view a virtual future Christchurch created by architects from across the globe. This free app can be downloaded from Google Play and the Apple App Store.
Students, local businesses, artists, performers and innovative individuals collectively created this great night out.
CityUps involved CPIT's School of Architectural Studies, Unitec Architecture Department, The University of Auckland's School of Architecture and Planning and Elam School of Fine Arts in collaboration with Studio Christchurch.
Local businesses, artists and innovative individuals partnered up with student studios, so that each spectacular design had a buzzing urban space associated with it. This night included the participation of the following: Anissa Victoria's Vintage Twilight Market; Equilibrium with White Elephant; Continuum with Excuse My French Crepe Cart; Antigravity with Cakes by Anna; Aurora with Black Betty; Upload with Chirney Coffee; Glow City with Games Hall; The Daze Maze with Harry Knight (musician); ScopeCity with Cassels & Sons; Synthesis with Dance Hall; Orbis with Twisted Hop; CHCH2061 with DJ JAB & Influx with RAD Bikes
Images in the slider by Bridgit Anderson and Erica Austin.


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IESE Family Business Expert Named IFERA Fellow
Prof. Josep Tàpies recognized for contributions to FB field
07/05/2013 Barcelona
IESE Prof. Josep Tàpies has been named a Fellow of the Inernational Family Enterprise Research Academy (IFERA). He was was nominated for his many years of significant contributions to the family business field in general and to IFERA in particular. IFERA is an organization dedicated to fostering a network of academics, business owners and practitioners committed to supporting the family business field.
Prof. Tàpies is a full professor in the Department of Strategic Management and holder of the Family-Owned Business Chair at IESE. He has taught general management in a number of different business schools in both Europe and Latin America, including AESE in Portugal, IDE in Ecuador, PAD-University of Piura in Peru, ISE in Brazil, IAE in Argentina, ESE in Chile, and INALDE in Colombia. He has also been a member of the academic board of IPADE in Mexico and ESE in Santiago, Chile.
Prof. Tàpies has worked as a consultant with individual businesses, many of them family-owned, as well as with international banking institutions. He is a member of the board of directors at several companies, the International Family Enterprise Research Academy (IFERA), the Spanish Association of Family-Owned Business Consultants and Academics (CAEF) and the international center for financial research (CIIF). He is also a Fellow at the International Academy of Management.
He blogs (in Spanish) at http://blog.iese.edu/empresafamiliar/.


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Road: M64 east of the M5
Location: Defford, Worcester
Other names: Defford
Date planned: 1970-1975
During the 1970s, a motorway was planned to connect the M5/M50 junction at Strensham to either the M40/M42 junction at Solihull or the M6/M69 junction at Coventry, providing a shortcut across the Midlands and avoiding the need to widen the existing M5.
Traffic would have been directed away from the M5 just before Strensham services, so the road (which was never officially given a number but it's presumed that M64 would have been used) needed its own service area. Three possible sites for service stations were considered around Defford and Pershore, at the bottom end of the road.
No services were planned at the northern end of the road, but as neither the M69 nor the relevant section of the M42 have any services, some would have been needed.
Further Reading[edit]
- Pathetic Motorways - information on the Strensham-Solihull motorway


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Cute! Pet Gear specializes in handmade collars, leashes, and accessories for dogs and cats, plus a few cool things for pet loving people. A portion of the sale price of each handmade item is donated to pet rescue and adoption organizations.
All of our items are individually handmade in Syracuse, NY. We sell our products online and, if you're in the northeast US, you may find us at any number of special events around the region. You can also find us on Facebook.
Contact Jen Edgerton at email@example.com if you'd like more information.
We love to show off our cute customers! Send us a photo of your cutie wearing one of our creations and we'll feature him or her in our Cute! Club blog posts, as well as on our Facebook and Instagram pages. Email your photo to Jen at firstname.lastname@example.com.
If you're headed out with your cutie, make sure you have something Cute! to wear.
Love our logo? Check out Sniff Design Studio.


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A calmer weekend ... can be a good thing.
Through Wednesday night, breezy winds had been forecast for the weekend of February 25 at Elephant Butte Lake. But, the weather cleared out, the isobars stretched apart on the weather map, and we instead got a minimal-wind weekend. The on-and-off breezes were frustrating for sailing, but a bit of relief after last weekend's 25-mph winds and 35- to 40-mph gusts. Now, can someone upstairs just get that wind meter calibrated for something in between?
The women held another sail training session, though attendance was down to six of the most faithful of the gals. On Saturday, with minimal winds, coach Ken and crew (Carol Anne and two others) did a lot of safety inspections and fixes/repairs on a boat; the owner should be glad to be getting a much safer boat after a lot of loose fasteners and frayed line-ends and untaped sharp edges and a loose hatch had been mended. Sue, Sharon, and Jo Ann got to do some good work on Kachina while the Cranky Wench got her toenails, I mean toerails, sanded and varnished to look pretty. On Sunday, Carol Anne got to do a lot of helming practice early in the day aboard Constellation with Braxton. I got to ride along and play jib trimmer on the Etchells while some of the other gals got on the J-24 Kachina and did a bunch of spinnaker work. Later in the afternoon, after a good lunch at Big Food Express/Club Bossa Mundo/Tu Bulls' place, I got another ride with Braxton, this time on "Extrepid" and we flew the spinnaker in on-and-off wind that finally vanished, leaving us on a near-mirror-flat lake.
The ladies also worked some on communications, preparedness, and team roles and goals. Some more boat- or crew-job-hopping may be happening as a result. As sort of a follow-up, we have borrowed and ordered some more racing and sailing videos and hope to have Monday-night get-togethers for watching them.
Now we're looking forward to the weather predictions, not for the Butte, but rather for southern California. Carol Anne, Larry, and Braxton will drive Braxton's truck and Larry's trailer to pick up USA 125 from Ventura harbor; WMCIK and I will fly out Friday night from New Mexico to join them.
It looks like Ventura is about to be hit by some windy, wet weather, with another front predicted for Thursday or Friday, but the late-week front is supposed to be cooler and drier and clearing out during the weekend. That might be good enough WX to sail a motorless thirty-foot sailing dinghy (open keelboat) around the harbor and into Pierpont Bay before the boat gets craned or Travel-lifted onto the trailer. We'll see.


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The weather is beautiful and warm, breezy and full of dappled sunlight. Too bad I seem to have caught a random Spring cold that has me feeling like my head is stuffed full of rubber cement and my throat lined with razor blades to accompany the sinus headache of the century. It's times like these I'm really thrilled to have some pre-made formulas, because I probably couldn't come up with a functional compound to save my life at the moment. So yay for herbal chest rub (thanks Kristena!), soothing dandelion/nettle/wild leek miso soup, mallow/rose elixir (for the sore throat, lovely lovely) and elderberry elixir (if only I'd taken it earlier).
Another side effect of this very unseasonal cold is that I can't seem to make sense of three words in a row, which is why I'm not answering emails at a very efficient pace right now. Sorry, if you're awaiting a consultation, application, email or lesson, I'm working on it (albeit in slow motion molasses style). Some distant part of me feels energetic and excited to do things, but it doesn't seem to be connected to the rest of my body.
So today you get this cheery little note and now I'm going back to puzzling my way through emails and student work until it's time to take a nice walk in the last of the sunshine and try to smell the loveliness of the season through my very congested sinuses. Maybe I'll even take a nap in a patch of sunlight — not bloody likely though, I'm terrible at naps, they make me restless, heh.
At least there's perky yet weird music coming through my headphones to help keep me alert (kinda)… even if the head cold causes it to seem like the sound is coming out of a long tunnel before reaching me. Who knew banjos under a bridge sounded so good?
Oh, and head over to the Anima blog to read my most recent installment in my series on the ecology of the Gila with small profiles of native medicinal herbs, this one was on the Pine forest. These rather long posts are drafts for pieces of my upcoming Medicinal Plants of the Gila (or something like that) book, which will include writings on the ecology of the Gila, extensive (and many) plant monographs and basic medicine making instructions etc.
4 Responses to "An Unseasonal Event & The Music at the End of the Tunnel"
dandelion/nettle/wild leek miso soup, wow, i am enchanted by the way this soup sounds!
My baby's got the spring cold too. She's lovin on the Elderberry elixer with ginger tincture in water with a little maple syup in her bottle. Rose/Mallow elixer, huh? Sounds yummy. Are they fresh flowers/roots in half brandy-half honey?


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Poem- Ted Hughes: Bayonet Charge
HideShow resource information
- Created by: Sumra
- Created on: 05-05-12 15:58
- The poet describes a running bayonet attack against the enemy from the viewpoint of a soldier.
- The poem focuses on the feelings of the man in the chaos of battle.
What is special about this poem?
- Ted Hughes uses a series of dramatic imades that seem to explode out of the poem one after another.
- The violent language is halted for a strange moment, a pause in time, before the charge continues.
- The theme of patriotism and the natural instinct to feel fear in the battle are juxtaposed.
Into the attack
The initialising word 'suddenly' throws the reader into the action of the soldier running. Hughes chooses powerful. harsh verbs to describe the soldier('stumbling', 'lugged') and the battle action around him as the field 'dazzled with rifle fire' and bullets were 'smacking…
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I added a new laptop to our network then added a shared printer(HP LaserJet front area) .
The printer name is \\ADMINMNGR\\HP LaserJet Front Area. The printer is connected to another user's pc which serves as the host pc. If the host pc is offline the newly added laptop is unable to print to the printer.
How can I add the printer to the laptop and make the printer available when the host machine is offline?
The user report this only became a problem when his userid(login) was changed. Only after his userid was changed he was unable to print once the host pc is offline.