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|D.M. Jayarathna
President Mahinda Rajapaksa is to commence his second term this year. Who will be the Premier of the next parliament in Sri Lanka? Whoever he (probably not 'she' under the present context) is, he will definitely be the next President, we guarantee.
However, President Mahinda Rajapaksa is ambitious to change the constitution before the end of his second term and he will try to be the next state head, either President or Premier. He is now training his elder son 24-year-old Namal Rajapaksa to be the hair to the throne.
However, President Mahinda Rajapaksa is ambitious to change the constitution before the end of his second term and he will try to be the next state head, either President or Premier. He is now training his elder son 24-year-old Namal Rajapaksa to be the hair to the throne.
In 2004, the major partner of the ruling coalition People's Liberation Front (JVP) wanted to appoint Lakshman Kadirgamar as the Prime Minister. Mahinda Rajapaksa fought vehemently for the post and he won it despite the President Chandrika was not in his favor. If he lost the battle then, there would not be a President Rajapaksa or a Rajapaksa Brothers Company too.
Likewise, many seniors of the ruling coalition are engaged in a cold war for the post of Prime Minister. The cold war is likely to warm in the coming days.
President's brother Basil Rajapaksa who has good control of media is manipulating media to set forth his candidacy. Sinhala daily Lankadeepa ran a story this weekend in the front page highlighting Basil Rajapaksa as the best candidate for the Premiership on the basis he can maintain the balance of the ruling coalition. The balance is promptly challenged since he is the brother of President Mahinda Rajapaksa.
Meanwhile, a political writer in Sinhala nationalist daily Divaina argued the rightness of appointing Basil as the Prime Minister although he is the brother of the President. One argument is that he is a senior of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party that was active in 1970s and even contested for the Mulkirigala electorate in 1977 general election. However, the fact that he once broke away from the party and joined the United National Party (UNP) before he left the country for permanent residency in US is deliberately shunned by media. No doubt, he is a hard worker and a brilliant manager of power affairs under President Mahinda Rajapaksa, a plus point in his bag.
But the most suitable contender for the Prime Minister post is non other than the veteran Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) General Secretary Maithripala Sirisena. He is now mustering party support to field him as a contender for the post.
Elderly SLFP man D.M. Jayarathna is also slated for the post and S.B. Disanayaka that recently crossed over to the SLFP from UNP is backing him probably with hopes for benefits in future. Premiership for Kandy is a racist argument set forth by S.B. Disanayaka. One day, he will argue for the Presidency for Kandy. Latest reports say that the President is likely to appoint D.M. Jayarathna as the Prime Minister until he begins his second term in November. This seems the most cunning move since all those who wish to be the next real Prime Minister will have to be extremely loyal to the leader until a day the President decides to change the post.
You can obsever pro-government media now propagating evils of the management of health sector under ex-Health Minister Nimal Siripala de Silva. This will tarnish any chance for Silva to vie for Premiership although he came to top in the list of preferential votes in Badulla district.
Amidst these hullabaloos ex-Prime Minister Rathnasiri Wickramanayaka might have luck again to be appointed as the Prime Minister. Luckily, his name is in the national list. In 2004, even the name was not in the national list.
One can argue that the post of Prime Minister is similar to the post of Minister without portfolio. He will not have powers that even the Speaker of the parliament has. He can be a 'talk master' like Rathnasiri Wickramanayaka.
But for sure, the Prime Minister of this parliament has the most opportunity to be the next President.


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Notice of Classification
Description: Notice of classification postcard sent out by the Local Board in Wharton, Texas, to Ejner Larsen Wind in Danevang. The front side lists the registrant name and Ejner's classification, as well as a stamp of approval and a signature by John Norris. It ends with fine print concerning the right to appeal. On the back, there is postage information.
Date: February 20, 1943
Creator: U.S. Government Printing Office
Partner: Danish Heritage Preservation Society

subset: commoncrawl


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The technology of Soundlazer VR
A New Approach To Directional Sound There have been many failed attempts over the years by companies and individuals around the world to create a device that delivers high quality directional audio. Acrylic dome speakers, ultrasonic parametric speakers and even simple tubes have all been used to project audio into a tight beam where only […]
Soundlazer VR debuts at Engadget offices in San Francisco
The writers at Engadget welcomed me and the new Soundlazer VR where it was tested and seemed to be greeted with overall very positive reviews. Look for their first impressions and feedback of the Soundlazer VR at Engadget.com


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Hey guys!
This is another Klenspop review! This is kind of late because I had a problem with the first pair I got (one of the lenses was different from the other) which was fixed right away, as usual!
They arrived in 3 weeks as they always do and everything was safely packed!
DIA: 14.3mm
Using Period: 6 months
Water Content: 38%
These lenses are dark blue and the design is really pretty!
Enlargement: 3.5/5
If my eyes weren't so small, these lenses wouldn't probably enlarge them too much. They're pretty natural but still great for dolly looks!
Color: 4/5
The blue isn't too noticeable in dark eyes like mine, but I wasn't expecting them to be lighter, as I really wanted dark blue. It depends on the light, as you can see!
Comfort: 5/5
They were super easy to put on and didn't hurt or dry my eyes in the slightest. They're one of my most comfortable pairs and I'm so happy with them!
I'm really happy with these lenses! I would wear them both for cosplays and just on a different day look, as they are super comfortable to wear! I'd definitely recommend them, as well as the store itself, because they have amazing customer support and there isn't one lenses pair I'm not happy with!
You can get these lenses here!
Thanks for reading!


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Bachelor Architektur – Modul 1.1.5 Entwerfen – 14 ECTS
Master Architektur – Modul ARCH.E.01-Hochbau I – 12+3 ECTS
The ever-same design of airports, shopping malls and exclusive residential enclaves lets us experience cities as generic places that seem to be replicating globally without any hint of local identity. At the same time we can observe forms of urban design that answer to very specific local contexts as people are increasingly self-organizing and appropriating their everyday environments.
Handout and Introduction: Wednesday 09.10.2013 – 11 AM – a204
Hand-in: Wednesday 16.10.2013 before 5 PM – a204
Presentation and discussion will start on Thursday 17.10.2013 at 10 AM
Surplus TRANSFER_Aufgabe_NULL.pdf
Everybody is welcome to join our studio. For a start we would ask you to contribute with some of your ideas. Download "Aufgabe Null". We are curious to see your suggestions.
In order to do so you need to print the developed view of Moriyama house first – from "house 1" to "house 10" ((10 houses all together)) plus one base!
Handout and Introduction: Wednesday 09.10.2013
Hand-in: Wednesday 16.10.2013 before 5 PM
Presentation and discussion will start on Thursday 17.10.2013 at 10 AM
=> Bachelor Design Studio and Master Design Studio
For more information, hand out and introduction come to our Open Studio
Come and join us!
Wednesday 09.10.13 – 11.00 AM – ADIP studio a204
ADIP Guest-Professorship 2013/2014
Translocation of Innovation in Architecture and Urban Design
from São Paulo/Mumbai/Hong Kong to Berlin
What if we put aside for a moment the individual effort of a singular architect's vision and consider the fact that innovation is only happening when ideas travel?
What if we just move forward focusing our creativity on intelligently copy-paste what already proved to make a change?
In a world of hyper-connectivity the ability to process a high amount of circulating data requires more than just a global view – it rather calls for connecting many worlds, each of those built upon its particular modes of life and local flavors.
Design Studio of the New Guest Professor at ADIP
Rainer Hehl, the new Guest Professor at ADIP, will be in Berlin from October the first onwards. Focus of teaching and research will be Translocation of Innovation in Architecture and Urban Design.
This winter term ADIP offers a Bachelor Design Studio <module 1.1.5> together with a Master Design Studio <arch.ME.01>. For the PIV (Projektintegrierte Veranstaltung) Ludwig Engel is part of our team. Ludwig Engel works as a futurologist and urbanist. He holds a master's degree in cultural studies.
More detailed information will follow soon. Come and see our presentation on Tuesday October the 8th at 2.20 pm in a 151.
Please check again for Aufgabe NULL. It will be published from October the 8th onwards.


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- Worldwide Rank #227,828,096
- Follower/Following Ratio 0.06
- Daily New Followers 0
Şahap Torunu Twitter Stats
@0007Asus - Tracking Şahap Torunu Twitter profile since April 24, 2014
Flört ve İlişki Koçu,
Şahap Torunu's story
Şahap Torunu, also known as @0007Asus has a novice's presence on Twitter and is ranked by us in the 20% percentile for account strength. Active on Twitter since February 2014, Şahap Torunu made it to having a respectable 2 Twitter followers and to being ranked 227,828,096 for number of followers among all Twitter users.
The plot thickens when considering Şahap Torunu's follower-to-following ratio, which is 0.06. Which is not surprising given this account's audience size.
From a tweeting perspective, @0007Asus is a casual user, with an average of 0 tweet(s) per day in the past 30 days. That's pretty consistent with a total of 31 since @0007Asus joined Twitter.
This account is tracked by us for quite some time now, actually since April 2014. As of October 20 2018 we track 291549781 Twitter accounts, so feel free to search for other accounts you're interested in and reveal their Twitter story!
Şahap Torunu Tweets
@0007Asus has posted 0 tweets in the last 8 days, which translates to an average of 0 tweets per day.
Şahap Torunu Twitter Followers
@0007Asus has 2 followers on Twitter.
This account is #227,828,096 in the worldwide rank of the most popular Twitter users.
Şahap Torunu Following on Twitter
@0007Asus is following 33 Twitter accounts.
Last month this account stopped following 320 users.
Şahap Torunu Predictions & Milestones
@0007Asus will hit 2 followers in the next 3 months, and 2 in one year.
You are on Şahap Torunu's Twitter stats page
We track these Twitter stats since April 24, 2014 . You can see how many followers Şahap Torunu lost or gained and what the prediction is for tomorrow or the next 15 days, together with all kinds of other stats like rank compared to all Twitter users, tweets etc.
Why don't you give it a try and compare Şahap Torunu to yourself ? Or if you are Şahap Torunu get even more feature rich & up-to-date stats with our premium Twitter Stats.
Twitter Counter is the #1 Twitter stats site powered by Twitter. It all started in June 12, 2008 and we grew rather rapidly because of our Twitter Counter badge. The button is a nice small image that shows your visitors how many followers you have on Twitter. Within a year the button was on many many blogs around the world and we displayed more than 100 million buttons in one month. We track follower stats for over 291.549.781 users now.


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A new system for tackling the growing number of Global Cyber Attacks has been unveiled at ITU Telecom World 2009, a mammoth exhibition, which showcases the latest advances in ICT or information and communications technology. The International Telecommunications Union, which is sponsoring the event, has put global cyber security at the heart of its agenda.
"As you well know, the next world war could happen in the cyber space and that would be a catastrophe," said ITU secretary-general, Hamdoun Toure.
He may sound overly dramatic, until one thinks back to what happened to the tiny Baltic country of Estonia. In 2007, for a period of two weeks Estonia's Web sites were hit by so many bogus requests for information that its sites crashed.
The Internet warfare broke out amid a furious row between Estonia and Russia over the removal of a Soviet war monument. While Russia may be considered a superpower, Hamdoun Toure says in a cyber war, there is no such thing as a superpower.
"Every citizen on this planet is a potential superpower and, it will be unfortunate if we have to fight the next fight in the cyber space," he said. "And, we know from the conventional wars today that the best way to win a war, any war, is to avoid it in the first place."
A couple of months after the cyber attack paralyzed Estonia's Internet, the ITU announced an ambitious two-year plan to curb cyber crime. As part of that effort, the ITU teamed up with a Malaysian company called IMPACT to come up with a system to help nations and their citizens prevent, defend and respond to cyber threats.
The result of this collaboration is the so-called Global Response Center, which is demonstrated here at Telecom by Technical Advisor for IMPACT, Mohammed Shihab.
"The Global Response Center has two functions," he said. "Function one is an early warning system. Now what an early warning system means is that all the global threat intelligence is brought to us on a near real time basis. We collate all this information and we let all member countries have access to this information."
The second function is called ESCAPE.
"Once you detect an attack, what you do is you access the ESCAPE part of the Global Response Center," said Shihab. "So from here, the analyst will be able to identify that if a country has raised a particular issue, you look at the network trends and then you look at the attack scenarios, find out where the concentration of these attacks are and then getting the experts to help a country solve these problems."
The ITU reports there are more than one billion Internet users in the world today. It says the number of crimes committed in cyber space is increasing at an alarming rate. And, it says, the cyber criminals are becoming more sophisticated in their tactics.
ITU officials say the days of the teenage hacker accessing the Web sites belonging to the White House or Pentagon for fun are receding. They say billions of dollars can be made in cyber space. Criminal gangs know this and are going where the money is.


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Associated Press
CHICAGO -- Cleveland Indians starter Zach McAllister was able to wiggle through some early wildness against the Chicago White Sox with minimal damage. It was a big blow in the fifth off the bat of Alex Rios that was McAallister's ultimate unraveling.
Rios hit a two-run homer and Jeff Keppinger had two hits and drove in a run for the White Sox in a 3-2 win over the Indians.
"He had to dodge some traffic, especially early," Indians manager Terry Francona said of McAllister. "But because of the use of his fastball, he keeps guys off the scoreboard. And they almost left with one run, he got ahead of Rios and fastball came across the wrong part of the plate -- even though it was elevated -- and he ran into it for two runs, two big runs. He kept competing and he kept them off the board."
McAllister gave up five hits, three earned runs and walked five while striking out six in 52⁄3 innings. The Indians' bullpen was even better, extending its scoreless streak to 19 consecutive innings.
Rios connected in the fifth, driving the ball to left on a 0-2 pitch for his team-high sixth homer and a 3-0 lead.
Unfortunately for the Indians, White Sox starter Jose Quintana was just a hair better. Quintana breezed through three perfect innings, and then worked out of a jam in the fourth after the Indians loaded the bases.
Michael Brantley reached on a leadoff single and moved to third on Mark Reynolds' one-out double to the right-field corner. Nick Swisher walked to load the bases, but Ryan Raburn grounded into an inning-ending double play.
"(Quintana) just made pitches when he had to," Raburn said. "We battled and battled and put guys on and we just didn't get that one hit to put us over the top. He pitched well, we can't take nothing from him. We just didn't quite get the job done."
A year ago Quintana was just trying to hang on to a spot in Chicago's starting rotation. His position is secure now, especially after another strong outing ended the team's a four-game losing streak.
"He's been pitching great," said White Sox manager Robin Ventura. "Maturity-wise he's just getting strong as far as the makeup of his belief that he's a big leaguer. Last year, he was just trying to survive and it kind of felt game-to-game for a while."
Quintana (2-0) allowed two runs and four hits in five-plus innings to help the White Sox earn a split of the rain-shortened series.
"I'm happy about the victory, that's the most important thing. We needed to get that win in there and it's a start," Quintana said through a translator. "I feel like I'm learning still but I feel like I'm a big part of this and a big part of this. I just have to keep making the necessary adjustments."
Cleveland's first three batters of the sixth got on base, with Jason Kipnis singling in Drew Stubbs. Nate Jones then replaced Quintana and Reynolds hit a sacrifice fly to cut Chicago's lead to 3-2.
Kipnis stole second and third, but Jones struck out Swisher and got Raburn to fly out to end the inning.
The Indians rallied for a 3-2 victory in the series opener Monday night before Tuesday game's was postponed by rain.
Chicago got off to a nice start when Alejandro De Aza had a leadoff walk in the first, stole second and came home on Keppinger's single to center.
The White Sox threatened again in the third, putting runners on first and second with one out, but Keppinger popped out and Rios grounded out to end the inning.
White Sox right-handed reliever Addison Reed worked a scoreless ninth for his sixth save, tied for second in the AL.
"Even when I'm going bad I have full confidence," he said. "If I had blown six saves in a row I'd go out there tomorrow with all the confidence in the world. (But) honestly this is nice and we'll keep going."
White Sox slugger Adam Dunn walked three times, finishing was 0 for 1 to drop his average to .043 (2 for 46) in his last 11 games.
Chicago opens a four-game home series against Tampa Bay on Thursday, while Cleveland is off. The Indians kick off a four-game set Friday at Kansas City.
NOTES: The Indians activated C Lou Marson (neck strain) from the 15-day DL and optioned Yan Gomes to Triple-A Columbus. Marson got the start and went 0 for 3. C Yan Gomes was sent to Triple-A Columbus. "He needs to play, for his career this is a good thing for him to do right now," Indians manager Terry Francona said. ... Indians OF Michael Bourn is scheduled to be examined Thursday in Cleveland and could resume baseball activities with the removal of sutures from a right index finger laceration. He's scheduled to come off the disabled list on April 30.


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- What: Atari Classics 30-50% off sale
- Where: GOG
Despite an insultingly dubious publicity stunt to push their recent relaunch, we're glad to see Good Old Games back in business. They're currently running a classic Atari sale that will let us net a number of fantastic games for peanuts. Compatibility is assured- and we'll sum up the real bargains at the end of the list.
- Alone in the Dark: The New Nightmare
- Blood 2: The Chosen + Expansion
- Independence War Deluxe
- Independence War 2: Edge of Chaos
- Master of Magic
- Master of Orion 1+2
- Master of Orion 3 ($6.99)
- One Unit Whole Blood
- Outcast
- Total Annihilation: Commander Pack
Independence War and its sequel are incredible space flight sims that deserve checking out right now... and Blood 2 is brutal and brilliant shooter that FPS fans need to check out as a matter of urgency. Masters of Orion? Outcast? Awesome. Just don't buy Alone in the Dark. Ever.


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Join our mailing list to keep up-to-date with our latest news and eventsSubscribe to our newsletter
Explore the story of Holocaust survivor Eva Schloss, her brother Heinz and his artwork in this moving exhibition in our Auditorium created by the South African Holocaust and Genocide Foundation.
Eva was born in Vienna in 1929. After the Nazi invasion of Austria Eva's family fled and spent two years in hiding - Eva and her mother in one house, and her father and brother in another. During his time in hiding, Eva's brother Heinz quelled his fears by writing poetry and painting artwork.
Finally, though, they were all betrayed and deported to Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. Eva and her mother survived but sadly Eva's father and brother perished just weeks before the liberation.
Eva and her mother returned to the house where Heinz and his father had hidden, for Eva had remembered that Heinz had told her he had hidden his paintings beneath the floorboards there. Sure enough, she discovered over thirty beautiful paintings.
See reproductions of some of these paintings and learn more about Eva and Heinz's story in this special exhibition for Holocaust Memorial Day 2017.


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|[TenTec] Special 500Hz Filter
|firstname.lastname@example.com (Ten-Tec Inc. Amateur Radio Sales)
|Thu, 30 Apr 1998 10:45:48 -0400
At 05:08 PM 4/29/98 -0500, you wrote: >Lost track, what happened to our custom 500hz center freq CW filters >for the OMNI V's and VI's?? > >Weren't they going to be ready early April? > >Ron/K5PN > The new 221 filter was scheduled for delivery for April 15 but our vendor has been a little slow in delivering. They indicate at present that we should have them by the end of next week (May 7 or 8). Scott E. Robbins, W4PA Amateur Radio Product Manager --------------------------------------------------------------------- Ten-Tec, Inc., 1185 Dolly Parton Parkway, Sevierville, TN 37862 USA Contact Mon-Fri Eastern time: Office/Tech (423) 453-7172 9 am-5 pm. Repair (423) 428-0364 8 am-4 pm. Sales (800) 833-7373 9 am-5:30 pm. Fax (423) 428-4483 24 hrs. Visit us at <http://www.tentec.com> --->--->---> Please note: E-mail <email@example.com> for sales and general product info only. We presently do not offer repair, parts, or kit building tech support by electronic mail, please telephone. Ten-Tec manufactures amateur radio equipment, military and commerical use HF radio equipment, custom aluminum and steel enclosures and has an on-premises, fully equipped tool and die facility supplying the metal and plastic injection mold industries. Potential tool and die, custom enclosure or communications electronics customer? Contact us. -- FAQ on WWW: http://www.contesting.com/tentecfaq.htm Submissions: firstname.lastname@example.com Administrative requests: email@example.com Problems: email@example.com Search: http://www.contesting.com/km9p/search.htm
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E. Where can I find the "SEQR Flow Chart and Time Frames" Publication?
See DEC publication SEQR Flow Chart and Time Frames (pdf file, 77 kb)
E-mail us if you wish to submit comments. Please be sure to indicate which section or item you are commenting on, and include your name.


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Texas Army National Guard Band set for patriotic concert on July 3
The 36th Infantry Division Band of the Texas Army National Guard will be performing a patriotic concert at 7:30 p.m. on July 3 at The Clarion at Brazosport College.
The 36th Infantry Division Band is based in Austin and is not only a talented group of musicians, but also a group of highly trained soldiers. The Guardsmen in the band receive the same rigorous military training exercises as other infantry soldiers in the Texas National Guard. In 2010, the 36th Infantry Division Band was deployed in support of Operation New Dawn in Iraq.
Admission to the concert is free, however tickets are required. Advance tickets are available in TheSource Weekly, The Facts, B&H Music, Java Hut at Brazosport College and The Clarion Box Office. Tickets will also be available at the door.
Also, organizers are planning to display a photo montage of military personnel from the Brazosport area currently on active duty during the concert. To have someone included in the photo montage, please email their photos to firstname.lastname@example.com and include their names, ranks, units and locations.
The concert will conclude two days of patriotic performances, as the Texas Army National Guard 36th Infantry Division Jazz Band will perform with the Brazosport College Summer Jazz Band on July 2, also at 7:30 p.m. at The Clarion.


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I got an award from 3 lovely ladies, Enigma, Sarah and Lara ! Thank you all so much!!! :) So, here's what I have to do now that I've received this award:
- make a post about the reward and link the blog of the person(s) who gave it to you
- give the award to 15 blogs that you've found out recently
- tell these bloggers that they have received an award
So, here are the 15 blogs I recently discovered (in no particular order of course) :
Definitely check these amazing blogs out! :) Too bad I had to give the award to only 15 blogs! I'm following way too many amazing blogs! :)


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Log In needed $39,995 · 2017 Ford Explorer Limited No Accidents LuxuryReport Ad
Price: $39,995
Stock Number: PW3182
Interior Colour: Black
Engine: V6
Fuel: Regular Unleaded
This SUV has everything! No Accidents. Navigation. Power Sunroof, BlueTooth. Rear View Backup Camera. Leather Interior. Aux/MP3/USB Inputs. Heated/Ventilated Front Seats. Automatic Temperature Control. Touch Screen Radio. Roof Rack. Alloy Wheels. Fog Lights and much much more! Come in today for a test drive! Factory/Extended Warranty Available. At Nanaimo Chrysler all pre-owned vehicles have been through a complete safety inspection and reconditioned. A copy of all reconditioning and vehicle inspection is available upon request. We are a BBB accredited business with a A+ rating. We can help you with full financing, available at the competitive rates, all purchases are subject to a $597 documentation fee. We look forward to seeing you.
Ad #30959789
PostedNovember 23, 2017
RenewedFebruary 22, 2018
ExpiryMay 23, 2018
DetailsCommercial Seller
CategoryAutos › Cars › SUVs
EditMy ad
SellerNeals Nanaimo Chrysler
PhoneNot available
|Last hour
|Last 24 hours
Want more information about this vehicle?
CARPROOF reports provide critical information about what has happened in a vehicle's past, helping you buy a used car with confidence.
Get a CARPROOF report to find out:
- If the vehicle has any reported accidents
- If there's money owing on the car
- If it's currently reported stolen
- If it has unfixed safety recalls
- And more…
CARPROOF reports provide unbiased information about a vehicle's history, including reported damage, unfixed safety recalls, registration history, lien status and more. Getting the vehicle's history before you buy helps you drive away confident you found the right car at the right price.
CARPROOF has asked consumers which attributes they look for in a used car, and created four badges that make it clear whether a particular vehicle has these attributes.


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ShoeDazzle.com is essentially a Shoe of the Month Club. For a monthly fee, receive a new pair of shoes in the mail to keep, especially chosen for you. This is the brainchild of Kim Kardashian (Founder and Chief Stylist) and partners Robert Shapiro (of OJ case fame) and Brian Lee, the founders of LegalZoom.com. The concept is a little reminiscent of Avelle (formerly Bag Borrow or Steal) the designer handbag rental club; there, you can rent designer handbags for a monthly fee of anywhere between $40 (for a Juicy Couture tote) through $400 (for a couture vintage Hermes Birkin.) Fortunately, ShoeDazzle.com is much more affordable. The monthly fee is only $39 a month. And, you get to keep the shoes.
How It All Works: ShoeDazzle.com chooses shoes for you with the help of celebrity stylists such as Kim, professional celebrity stylists, a fashion editor and HSN's Designer Challenge expert Michael Bassolino. How do they do this? First, you fill out a survey to indicate your shoe taste. Then, after assimilating the answers on your survey, the stylists choose five pairs of shoes for you. If at any point you are not pleased with any of the five pairs of shoes chosen for you, you can request a new list. And third, you choose a pair of shoes from the list. The shoes are shipped free of charge. If you don't like the pair once it arrives at your door, you can send it back – but you are charged a $5.95 restocking fee.
The Shoe Selection: $39 a month seems incredibly affordable for a pair of trendy new shoes every month. Since the price is so low, the quality of shoes is a first and foremost concern to us: how can we even conceive of committing before we see the shoes in person, and before we get to try them on? The majority of ShoeDazzle.com shoes come from the Michael Antonio brand "and other stylish, high quality shoe designers. Michael Antonio shoes are generally very trendy, as they frequently imitate the latest best seller and runway styles. Some of the most obvious imitations we spotted: the Michael Antonio CHAI Strappy Gladiator Heels, $47.95 versus the frequently copied Dolce Vita's Chastity, $162, the Michael Antonio Ember Dress Sandal, $27.77 versus the Dior Extreme Gladiator, ~$1000, made popular by Sex and the City movie last summer. Many of these shoes have "leather-like" and "man-made" uppers – in other words, they're constructed out of pleather. Cheap pleather simply doesn't last long, often scruffs easily, and doesn't conform to your feet with regular wear as leather does.
The Value: That brings us to the value aspect. $39 is very affordable. The true Budget Fashionista, however, can find much better deals and much better quality. Firstly, Michael Antonio shoes frequently cost much less than $39 each – we even found a pair of slinky pewter snake platform heels for only $3.99, and many non-sale in-season styles for under $30. Secondly, $39 can easily be spent at the sales racks of affordable shoe stores such as Aldo and Nine West, where the majority of shoes are constructed of real leather.
Catherine Brock
Latest posts by Catherine Brock (see all)
- The Iconic Label Born at the Family's Kitchen Table - October 10, 2018
- How To Support Breast Cancer Awareness This October - October 3, 2018
- How to Find Wide Calf Boots + Top Picks - September 14, 2018


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Tag Archives: banking
Torn on Bank Fees: Good or Evil?
This week I received a letter in the mail from my bank that my checking account fees would no longer be waved based on of our use of direct deposit and online bill pay. This comes on the back of new credit card fees for those with a balance BELOW a certain limit and a… Read More »


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Residuals in Manufacture of Paperby Blair T. Bower, (M.ASCE), Assoc. Dir.; Quality of the Envir. Program, Resour. for the Future, Inc., Washington, D.C.,
George O. G. Löf, Prof. of Civ. Engrg.; Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO,
William M. Hearon, Business Consultant; Portland, OR,
Serial Information: Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, 1973, Vol. 99, Issue 1, Pg. 1-16
Document Type: Journal Paper
The manufacturer of pulp and paper results in the generation of residuals in gaseous, liquid, and solid forms. The major sources of each type of residual are identified and quantities generated in the production of a typical product are tabulated. The influence of raw material, pulping and bleaching processes, product characteristics, and other production factors is indicated. Methods for reducing discharge of residuals are classified and described, including by-product production, process changes involving partially offsetting cost advantages, and end-of-pipe waste treatment. Application of these methods to change the quantity or form of one residual usually affects one or more other residuals. Examples of the extent of modification required to meet discharge standards for residuals are included for a 500-ton-per-day integrated mill producing tissue paper.
Subject Headings: Materials processing | Waste treatment | Solid mechanics | Material properties | Industrial wastes | Pipes
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Ok so.. I realy love this guy.
I've known him for 2 years, and I've loved him for those 2 years.
Yeah, he can be a jerk sometimes but all guys are like that.. (At least I think they are.)
We barley talk anymore but when we do he leaves right when I need his help..
When I try to talk to him about my depression, he starts talking about something else like pony's and stuff..
He doesn't even believe that I love him no matter how many times I tell him because I once told him that I hate him
(I was realy mad at him at the time).
All we do is fight..
Moon Princess Moderator
Personal Threads are not allowed. Also, it's in the wrong section.
We do have a thread here for General Advice. It's the link below:
The General Help.Advice Thread
I hope someone can help you.


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Click here to read about the 15,000 free travel tickets throughout Scotland being given away by the Daily Record and VisitScotland.
Heather Suttie
Broadcaster and environmental campaigner, Rothesay
We went to Rothesay, Girvan and Ayr on our summer holidays as money was always tight. I have very fond memories of all these places and visit them from time to time with my dog Charlee, who also loves the beach.
Tom Urie
River City actor, Millport
I always thought it was another country like America, because it was "across the ocean". We went every Easter with my cousins and Aunt Betty. It's where I learned to ride a bike. Cycling all the way round the island was seen as a right of passage. I managed it for the first time, aged six. We always stopped at the old cafe at Fintry Bay to have ice-cream floats.
My earliest memory is finding a dead bird and being devastated. I insisted my whole family had a funeral on the beach at Fintry Bay for the bird. We sang All Things Bright And Beautiful. There was a great cafe called the Kames Cafe, which had an amazing juke box which I absolutely loved. It was run by a guy called Ferdy, who all the mothers fancied!
Aggie MacKenzie
TV presenter, Nairn
I have fond memories of Nairn. As a family we didn't actually go there on holiday but we would drive on a Sunday in summer for a day's outing. We'd take a picnic to have on the beach, then get ice-cream from one of the Italian cafes in a nearby street (mine was always a nougat wafer – I was greedy, even then).
On the way home, we'd call in at the chip shop in Grantown-on-Spey for fish suppers. My sisters and I would be sent in to get the order and had to ask the assistant to put extra salt in a little bag (very embarrassing when you're 10).
Jack McConnell
Former First Minister, Arran
When I was young it was a centre for camping, caravanning and summer cottages. I spent my teenage years serving tables in my mother's tearoom on the Ross Road, and my student holidays pulling pints in the Shurig and Rock Bars. I learned the importance of tourism to the island but also the need to be authentic and deliver quality service.
John MacKay
STV news anchor, Isle of Lewis
Every summer we'd spend a day travelling by bus and boat to get there. For a city boy, it was a joy to swim in the sea, play in the sand, run free over moorland and explore ruins dating back to the Iron Age. You had nature and your imagination and the rest was up to you. I still try to go every year and my sons now have their own memories of many happy holidays there.
Cat Harvey
Radio presenter, Clyde Coast
I have amazing memories of touring the Clyde coast in my dad's VW campervan when I was a wee girl. My dad, Bobby Harvey, had a Scottish Show and weekly summer season gigs in Dunoon, Rothesay and Largs. Every time he packed up the van with band equipment, my brother Scott and I knew we were off on another adventure.
We spent every summer on a Cal Mac ferry going somewhere for one-night breaks and to this day I absolutely love them. Each Clyde coast resort had its own charm but for me Rothesay meant Zavaroni's ice cream. Dunoon was the fabulous playgrounds with barrels you could run on while Largs meant Nardini's ice cream and the amusements.
Catriona Shearer
BBC news presenter, Alford
My folks used to take us away every other weekend to somewhere different. I think we've covered every national park, loch, castle and museum in Scotland. I remember visiting Craigievar Castle in Alford. It was a beautiful, sunny day and the pinkish hue of the castle made it look straight out of a Disney fairytale. I think I spent the whole day in character as a Disney princess.


text: Engagement Rings shop now Wedding Rings shop now Diamond Jewellery shop now Great Stories Make Great Jewellery Jewellery is more than something you wear. It's a story – a symbol. And when it comes from Minichiello, we know the value in the story a piece of jewellery tells. That's because we've been in the jewellery business for six decades, 60 years of time-honoured beauty, style, and craftsmanship. About Us Contact Us 604-685-4439Our Story1940's1950's195819641980's1990'sToday Fred Minichiello was known around his Vancouver neighbourhood as a man about town; everybody knew him and everybody loved him. A talented man, Fred began a lucrative career in the entertainment scene as an accordionist, playing multiple gigs around the city, from nightclubs, weddings, dances, to private performances, including a period at the Penthouse, where he became a household name to famous entertainers such as Louis Armstrong and the Mills Brothers. At night, you could find Fred rubbing elbows with celebrities who played the various clubs around town. Fred MC'd the opening of the Cave and played with the bands. This is where he became friends with Louis Prima, Sammy Davis Jr., and Sonny and Cher. As a shoe cobbler, Fred combined his love for quality service with the art of conversation; he loved meeting new people and believed in the value of creating lasting relationships over sales. His philosophy has always been to treat others like family, regardless of their paycheque. Fred would rather he make less money and have a customer walk away happy than make more and have someone leave feeling unsatisfied. During this time, many of his industry friends began leaving Fred gold jewellery pieces for him to sell at the shoe shine stand due to how popular and well connected Fred was as well as his salesmanship and gift for making people happy. Over time, Fred's collection of beautiful gold grew and with it, a business idea: a family approach to fine crafted Italian jewellery at a wholesale value. What began as simple sales outside the Dominion Theatre Cigar Stand turned into representing local wholesale jewellers. He quickly became the man everyone went to for all their special occasions. Fred moved his showroom to Granville and Robson, where he began adding to his inventory. Amongst the imported gold jewellery from Italy, Fred now sold precious gems, custom signet rings, and high-end watches. During this time, Fred made custom bands for Sonny and Cher. This was the height of gold jewellery, and more importantly gold chains! There were lineups down the hall of people waiting to buy layers upon layers of gold chains. Our celebrity clientele grew with Mr T and Loni Anderson purchasing gold chains. You can find their autographed headshots adorned on the walls of the office alongside Fred's family pictures. Trends come and go, but diamonds never go out of style. Though gold chains declined in popularity, Fred's name was as reputable as ever. Word-of-mouth status placed Fred as an expert in both style, craftsmanship, and outstanding service that people from around the world travelled to. As his business grew, so did his family – and Minichiello's vision. Fred's vision still very much informs every facet of our family owned and operated business. From purchasing to selling, we are the same company, with a modern take. The best part of our job is knowing that we've helped our customers with one of the most important days in their life. Engagement, anniversary, birthdays, prom or just something for yourself, we are honoured to be a part of your significant moment. Testimonials I absolutely love the finished result and am very happy with the quality of the ring, as well as the service! Eva, Vancouver I've had my promise ring, my engagement ring, and my wedding band done here - I love them all! Lisa, Vancouver We love our rings and recommend Minichiello's to all our friends. Minichiello's is the BEST! Janie S, Vancouver Our Collection The Crestina – custom diamond halo engagement ring $2,300 Add to cart Morganite and diamond ring $2,350 Add to cart White gold diamond stackable band $1,640 Select options Diamond Initial Pendant – As Seen on Jillian Harris $495 Add to cart More ProductsSingular & PersonalSince 1958, we've been Vancouver's go-to for quality jewellery. We're the honest jewellery experts. If we wouldn't wear it, we won't buy it. Everything you see in our selection has been meticulously chosen and curated from quality designers that we know and trust.Our DiamondsJoin us on Instagram #minichiellojewellersvisit our instagram Load More...Follow on Instagram phone number 604-685-4439location #405 – 470 Granville Street Vancouver, BC V6C 1V5 Store Hours Tuesday – Friday: 9 am – 5 pm Saturday: 10am – 5pm Sunday and Monday: closedemail address email@example.com a Quote Completion date* Choose product* Engagement RingWedding BandLoose DiamondOther


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NOAO > Observing Info > Approved Programs > 2013A-0186
PI: Kevin Schlaufman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, firstname.lastname@example.com
Address: MKI, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 37-685, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
CoI: Andrew Casey, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Title: The Brightest (and Therefore Best) Extremely Metal-Poor Stars
Abstract: Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars are local relics of high redshift star formation. The chemical abundances of large samples of EMP stars can be used to investigate Population III stellar populations, supernovae, and nucleosynthesis as well as the galactic chemical evolution of the Milky Way and its progenitor halos. Objective prism surveys and the SDSS have discovered about 100 EMP stars with [Fe/H] \lesssim -3, though most of these have apparent magnitudes fainter than V ~ 13. The faint apparent magnitudes of EMP candidates from these surveys require long integrations with 6-10 m class telescopes to confirm their EMP nature and to derive the detailed chemical abundances that enable the most interesting EMP science. We have developed an EMP star candidate selection that utilizes all-sky near and mid-infrared photometry as well as proper motions. Our selection is as efficient as existing techniques, but identifies candidates that are ~\!\!3 magnitudes brighter, thereby greatly easing follow-up observations. We propose to observe 250 of our candidates and expect to find ~\!\!40 EMP stars.
National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 North Cherry Avenue, P.O. Box 26732, Tucson, Arizona 85726, Phone: (520) 318-8000, Fax: (520) 318-8360
NOAO > Observing Info > Approved Programs > 2013A-0186


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- January 24, 1975 - March 27, 2015
- Grand Rapids, Michigan
of Julie's Passing
Share This Obituary
Make a Memorial Donation
Tributes.com partners with over 100 national charities. It's easy and secure.Donate
Julie was born on January 24, 1975 and passed away on Friday, March 27, 2015.
Julie was a resident of Grand Rapids, Michigan at the time of passing.
Honoring her wishes, cremation will take place. Arrangements are entrusted to Michigan Cremation & Funeral Care, Grand Rapids.


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By Lucy PurdyPosted
First ever hijab-wearing Barbie doll goes on sale
4Read More
Fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad has inspired toy manufacturer Mattel's first ever hijab-wearing Barbie
Fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad has inspired toy manufacturer Mattel's first ever hijab-wearing Barbie
From record-breaking budgets to progress on pay parity, 5 ways in which women's football reached a new level in 2017
Boxing is being used to improve mental as well as physical health – and to deal a knock-out blow to crime. Giselle Green squares up to four inspiring UK projects
Male players will contribute a portion of their commercial earnings to their female counterparts under the agreement, which is believed to be the first of its kind in the world
With the World Athletics Championships under way in London, a film and a photography exhibition document how sport is improving the lives of those with no country to call their own
From running while being pelted by rainbow-coloured paint, to splashing through open water alongside hundreds of swimmers, a new wave of exercise events puts taking part over times or techniques. [...]
Mass sporting events bring people together in huge numbers all over the world. From country-wide dance routines for older people, to a giant annual water fight, here are our top 5
Rather than ploughing energy into treadmills and dumbbells, GoodGym members keep fit by helping their local communities. And the concept is spreading fast
This year marks the 200th anniversary of the invention of the bicycle. Celebrate the year of the bike with these pedal-powered holidays
From downtown New York to remote corners of India, sport is being used to break social barriers and address issues from homelessness to addiction
Television personality and former Olympian Caitlyn Jenner catapulted transgender issues into the mainstream. But it's the new Olympic guidelines that are really impressing the trans community
Fed up with the depressing imagery surrounding aging, photographer Alex Rotas decided to document an altogether different side to growing old
An all women's football team in Sudan are aiming to kick gender bias out of the sport
We go pitch-side at the twelfth Homeless World Cup to find out how this alternative tournament is changing lives for the better around the globe
With more sportspeople coming out about their sexuality and increasing tolerance from fans, Ben Whitford looks at how the global sporting community is responding to the need for equality
All the attention may be on Brazil this summer, but in Denmark a version of football that requires cooperation between teams is being pioneered. Will Simpson reports from the first ever [...]
Euphoric street parties have become an unprecedented part of normal life in Kabul following Afghanistan's recent sporting successes in both cricket and football
The Kiln Sierra Leone Marathon has been billed the "craziest and most worthwhile" marathon in the world and last year raised £320,000 to help the thousands of street children in the country
The role of sport in creating positive social change has been celebrated at a prestigious award ceremony in London


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I have this common problem where my servers generates about 5-6 megs of log file every day filling up the disk, and following dos script to delete old logs have been quite handy
:: Iterate files alphabetically at specified folder and keep a maximum of N to :: avoid filling disk space. Called by run.bat :: This script takes 3 arguments @echo off setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION set FOLDER=%1 set FILEPREFIX=%2 set LIMIT=%3 echo Accessing %FOLDER% cd %FOLDER% set /a COUNT=0 for /f "tokens=*" %%f in ('dir /b /a-d-h-s /o-n %FILEPREFIX%*') do ( set /a COUNT=COUNT+1 if !COUNT! GTR %LIMIT% ( echo deleting %%f del /f /q %%f ) ) endlocal
I place the script above in C:\filecleaner\deletefiles.bat. This script iterates a folder alphabetically and keep only specified amount of files. I then created a second script to be called by task scheduler
:: Called by task scheduler. This script calls deletefiles.bat over each file path prefix :: :: Example: :: deletefiles.bat c:\logrotate-test access.log 3 :: means keep maximum 3 files (sorted alphabetically) starting with access.log @echo off deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" catalina 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" commons-daemon 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" host-manager 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" localhost 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" manager 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" tomcat6-stderr 7 deletefiles.bat "C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.35" tomcat6-stdout 7
I put this script in C:\filecleaner\run.bat. As you can see it calls deletefiles.bat several times to clean my tomcat log files. The script uses following arguments:
- The folder where the log files exist
- The prefix of the log files
- How many latest files should be kept
It's important to note this will only work if the files alphabetical ordering implies their age. This typically works best if the files pattern has a yyyy-MM-dd format (or similar at the end):
stdout.2013-12-04.log stdout.2013-12-05.log stdout.2013-12-06.log stdout.2013-12-07.log
Finally to run this automatically every 3.30am in the morning I created a task scheduler with following action:


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Nottingham Panthers gift-wrapped a late Christmas present for their fans - four points from arch rivals Sheffield Steelers.
Panthers scored a winner with 116 seconds left in a game that the South Yorkshire team felt they could have won.
Steelers now remain six points behind second placed Belfast Giants with two games in hand.
The showdown at the NIC came 24 hours after Nottingham had taken both points in a Boxing Day 3-2 win at Sheffield.
In the end, like Boxing Day, they succumbed to a Jason Williams winner
It took seven minutes for Nottingham to snatch the advantage again, Stephen Schultz firing a savage shot around Ervins Mustukovs' blocker.
But Mathieu Roy scored from Christoffer Bjorklund's pass from behind the net at 12.50.
Then Roy set up an equaliser for linemate Colton Fretter, following earlier work on the boards from Yared Hagos.
The second session began with some absorbing, fluent attacks from both sides.
Roy remained a peril for Panthers, but Miika Wiikman and his blue line core kept him at bay in a goalless if entertaining 20 minutes.
Having outshot Nottingham 27-18, Steelers now needed to close the deal.
First they had to kill a Davey Phillips penalty. And then a disputed Levi Nelson indiscretion.
Like the Boxing Day version, there was tension, best illustrated when Wiikman lashed out after Roy's challenge, the Steeler taking a roughing penalty. On the 5-on-3 man advantage Panthers found a way back, Schultz roofing the puck for his second of the night.
Steelers were on the back foot.
And they went behind for a second time when Panthers broke 3 on 2. Robert Farmer supplied Jason Williams and his first time shot flashed into the Steeler net at 58:04.
Robert Lachowicz hit the post on an empty net opportunity, as Panthers took the points...again.


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Disruptive Innovation: Strategies for a Successful Enterprise
Program Advising team
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Telephone: 1-800-427-5577
(outside the U.S., +1-617-495-6555)
Program Advising team
Email: email@example.com
Telephone: 1-800-427-5577
(outside the U.S., +1-617-495-6555)
Your Course Of Study
Setting a Path for Sustainable Innovation
Drawing directly from Christensen's signature work in disruptive innovation, this program focuses on the important and potentially business-altering decisions facing company leaders as they determine whether to invest in core versus new or disruptive business models. By examining a wide range of real-world case studies that feature both disruptors and the disrupted, you will acquire frameworks for assessing your company's capabilities and rethinking your product, market, and strategy. Together with distinguished HBS faculty, you will examine and develop answers to critical questions, including:
- What does disruption really mean—and how does it work?
- How can you tell when a potential disruptor is going to be successful?
- Who is your ideal target customer, and how can selecting the wrong customers kill you?
- What's the hidden danger of core competence theory? How should you actually decide which activities to keep in-house, and which to outsource?
- What's the signal that an industry is about to commoditize, and how do you position to take advantage of that shift?
- How do you set strategy in a world that is changing so rapidly? What do you do when what you know is vastly outweighed by what you don't know?
- Whose investment capital will help you succeed, and whose money might poison your chances?
- Should you make acquisitions as a means of building capability? If so, should you integrate them, or keep them separate?
As a result of your intensive learning experience, you will discover how to:
- Adopt a strategic mindset
- Ground your thinking in predictive frameworks
- Align your organization around innovation initiatives
- Achieve differentiation, better margins, and avoid disruption
- Better articulate your strategic questions and goals
- Apply disruptive theories to complex problems and opportunities
"How Will You Measure Your Life"
At the conclusion of the program, Clay Christensen will discuss how to stimulate growth and innovation in your personal life. Drawing on lessons from his popular book, "How Will You Measure Your Life," he will share guidelines for finding meaning and happiness in life.
Facilitate Learning Across Your Organization
When you attend Disruptive Innovation, five of your colleagues can attend the related HBX online course: Disruptive Strategy with Clayton Christensen. With this shared base of knowledge, you and your colleagues will be equipped to tackle your organization's toughest challenges, develop new insights, and leverage a common framework to develop a strategic plan of action.


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You'd expect a compilation of essays and speeches put together after Susan Sontag's death to have its dreary moments. Of course, she won her share of prizes and addressed plenty of audiences. She was also a restless figure who liked to keep signaling her position, wherever it happened to be. Yet her approach was fiercely economical, and this collection, which she was working on at the time of her death, is as succinct and absorbing as any of her books, even if a lot of its content is familiar.
At the Same Time consists of five published essays, five prefaces and introductions, five addresses and one interview. Among the writers whose work Sontag introduced are Leonid Tsypkin, the Russian author of Summer in Baden-Baden; Halldór Laxness, the Icelandic Nobel winner; and Victor Serge, the heroic revolutionary born in Belgium. All three are revisited here. The stand-alone essays include "An Argument About Beauty," first published in Daedalus, and her controversial reaction to 9/11, published in The New Yorker. The lectures and speeches, the most discursive and in many ways the most rewarding of these pieces, give a strong sense of Sontag the celebrity, bedecked with ribbons and rosettes, on the hoof from one county fair to the next. Jerusalem, Frankfurt, Johannesburg, Cape Town. They also show how well she rose to public occasions and how insistently she felt those occasions should rise to her.
The title of the collection was taken from an address she gave in South Africa and chosen "as a tribute to the polyphonic quality of this book." Perhaps the editors, Paolo Dilonardo and Anne Jump, were worried that the choice of material is all over the place, or eager to assure us that Sontag doesn't drone on. It isn't and she doesn't. David Rieff, her son, is more confident.
In his affectionate foreword, Rieff regrets that his mother didn't finish her working life with a piece of fiction. She felt endlessly kept from writing novels and stories by an "evangelical incentive" that led her to devote much of her energy to meditating on the work of particular "gods"–which is how she describes Rilke, Pasternak and Tsvetayeva, for instance, in her introduction to an edition of their letters. Rieff adds that "the appropriateness of such worship was, for my mother, self-evident, and she practiced it until she could no longer practice anything at all."
Her politics and her need to go on record narrowed the gap for fiction still further. She was a passionate admirer of Serge, "a lifelong activist and agitator," and of his novels, which are steeped in politics and yet, as she says here, "much more than 'political novels.'" But her fiction would have seemed clumsy, instrumentalized and plainly dishonest if she'd imagined she could follow in his footsteps. In her case the work of the imagination required one sort of attention and politics another, and as Rieff says, she could not "wall herself off from her own extraliterary commitments, above all her political involvements from Vietnam to Iraq."


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You can count on the dedicated staff at Wireless Rx - Polaris for all of your cell phone repair needs in Columbus, OH. Our cell phone repair shop specializes in cracked screens and water damage, but we also offer support for all the mobile device difficulties. Whether your battery won't hold a charge or your front or back camera has stopped working, our repair technicians have a quick fix at a reasonable price.
Our full-service cell phone repair store offers quick screen repair services as well as accessories for your device to protect that brand new screen. When your device is not functioning like it should be, bring it by, and we'll give you a free diagnosis!
In addition to our quality cell phone repair and accessories, we offer laptop and desktop computer repair services. Call our phone and computer repair shop at (614) 699-3333 or stop in today!
We're conveniently located on Polaris Parkway in the shopping plaza between Five Guys and Mellow Mushroom.
We are located at 2156 Polaris Pkwy, Columbus, OH.
Ample parking space is available.
Come visit us online @
Accepted Payment Methods:


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Ladies and gentlemen, how are you today? We really hop you're doing great, because in this article we're going to talk about the 10 lightworkers gifts and signs. But, before we do that, I would like to ask you a simple question – are you a lightworker, or you know someone who is?
So, if your answer is yes, then please show them respect and honor their gifts, because without lightworkers our planet would be much darker. They are showing the way for everyone, they carry the torch, holding the light of this planet in balance, they have come here to help the planet shift into higher consciousness. They've come here to fulfill their lightworker mission. They carry this light within their soul to enlighten and illuminate the world. Most lightworkers are healers, how they heal things is completely up to them. Some lightworkers take on the role of teaching, energy or psychic healer, some do their work in subtle ways.
What happens when a lightworker comes into the physical world? Well, they sometimes struggle to find their light within. Lightworkers forget their mission and purpose, often their light is put out altogether. So, when their light is "on, the lightworkers go on their journey of self discovery and try to heal them selves. But, unfortunately, when their light is out, the lightworker beomes a darkworker and dwells in the shadow trying to find ways to start their light again. This is a very difficult procedure for lightworkers to go through, however when their light is shining bright again, they become powerful again and resume their mission.
All the lightworkers have different mission, but their primary goal is to help people through their shadows and find their light. Most lightworkers are accountable for balancing the energy of fear with the energy of love. Lightworkers are great at manifesting and most often create things with just their thoughts. They have special unique ability to heal and make everyone feel comfortable and safe. They're also very intuitive and have immense psychic ability! And yes, they are also very sensitive to energy. You may come across a lightworker when you go through hard times or the time of your awakening, they help people realize their purpose in life.
Here are 10 lightworkers gifts and signs:
- You felt that you were called to help guide and heal others.
- You are either empathic or sensitive to energy.
- You have psychic gifts and abilities.
- You feel strongly about the environment and animal.
- You are attracted to healing arts and you have explored some healing modalities.
- You know your own fears and fears of everyone else around you.
- You went through a tough spiritual awakening.
- You love being around people, at the same time you need alone time to recharge.
- You know your thoughts well and your ability to manifest.
- You often see the number 911, this is the calling card of lightworkers.
This is very important for you to remember – Lightworkers have come to our planet to help and heal everyone who inhabit it. If you do recognize yourself as a lightworker or you know someone who is, please respect them and honor their gifts, without lightworkers our planet would be much darker. Thank you Lightworkers and don't hesitate to share this article with your friends and family.
Source: Lightworkers Gifts and Signs, The Master Minds (The Master Minds' source included – Spiritual Unite)


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The government has issued a Decree on the minimum wage to be applied from January 1, 2016. The new minimum in Zone I is VND3.5 million ($154), up from VND3.1 million ($136.4) in 2015. Regions II, III, and IV have increased to VND3.1 million ($136), VND2.7 million ($118.8), and VND2.4 million ($105.6), respectively.
The wage applies to employees of Vietnamese businesses, individuals, and organizations, foreign organizations and enterprises, international organizations, and foreign individuals in Vietnam employing workers under contract.
The minimum wage is the basis for businesses and employees entering into wage agreements. Enterprises and organizations are not allowed remove or cut the wage regime when employees work overtime, work at nights, or do heavy work. Allowances and bonuses must be paid as agreed in labor contracts.
The increase in the minimum wage is part of a plan that the National Wage Council submitted to the government. On September 3 the National Wage Council determined that the minimum wage would increase by 12.4 per cent in 2016, after holding discussions on different options.


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KV IROK Tank T-shirt (Black)
Silk screened on 100% combed ringspun cotton.
Designed, Printed & Made in the USA with discharge inks for extra soft feel. Custom care tag printed on the inside with IROK woven label.
Printed on American Apparel
* Each Shirt Order comes with a Limited Edition Postcard & Stickers.


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Archive for category: Archives
Mr. Dan Neville T.D. delivers Keynote Address to ICP conference 2012/in Archives /by dmoore
The keynote address delivered by Mr. Dan Neville T.D. can be seen here.
Dan Neville is president of the Irish Institute of Suicidology.
President Higgins opens ICP Second National Conference/in Archives, Events /by admin
The President of Ireland formally opened the ICP second national conference on psychotherapy today which is taking place in Dublin Castle.
Remarks made by President Higgins when he officially opened the conference can be seen here.
2nd National Conference – 26th/27th January 2012/in Archives, Events, News and Events /by admin
The Irish Council for Psychotherapy is delighted to announce its 2nd National Conference in its 21st year in existence.
This conference provides a unique opportunity to celebrate, showcase and exchange ideas on creative and contemporary practice.
The conference welcomes clinicians from a variety of health care settings and professional backgrounds who have an interest in contributing to the debate and discussion on psychotherapeutic practice in Ireland.
The conference seeks to engage all of its delegates and will provide a fertile ground to enhance knowledge and practice.
This conference will comprise keynote speakers who are renowned in the field of psychotherapy, and workshops, symposia, papers and poster presentations by practitioners involved in psychotherapy practice, research and training.
Call for Abstracts
We invite abstracts for papers, symposia, workshops and poster presentations on themes relevant to contemporary and creative psychotherapy practice.
All abstracts will be reviewed on the basis of their contribution to the conference theme and their relevance to the field of psychotherapy.
Book of conference abstracts will be available on the ICP website.
Download Full ICP Announcement
Download ICP Registration (online payment facilities available shortly)
Contact Us
Irish Council for Psychotherapy
29 Upper Mount Street
Dublin D02 K003
Tel: 01 9058698


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Usher in the spring with our traditional German style Maibock (translation; May Bock). German malts, American hops and a touch of honey are masterfully melded to give a robust and enticing pale lager with a pleasant malty and warming finish. Pairs well with spicy food, sharp cheeses, and anything German. Prost!
28 IBUs
Seasonal release in bottle and on draft.


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The Science Museum Group Journal has been read by over 64,000 individual readers since its launch in 2014. It receives between 40 and 120 visits per day and more than 2000 readers subscribe to receive our newsletter. All Journal articles can be found on DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), EBSCO, Academia and Mendeley. The editorial team is committed to increasing the readership thus ensuring that each article receives ever-widening exposure as the Journal matures.
Appointment of a Reviews Editor
The Journal has appointed Dr Geoffrey Belknap to a new role of Reviews Editor. The aim of the appointment is to inject some new thinking into the reviews section and Geoff has begun his role in this spirit. His article in issue 08 provokes a debate about what a reviews section in a contemporary online journal should do. He invites your comments and thoughts which you can send via the research unit twitter account @ResearchSMG or using firstname.lastname@example.com.
Issue 09
Issue 09 of the Journal (Spring 2018) is a special issue on the Material Culture of Energy guest-edited by Professor Frank Trentmann of Birkbeck University. The issue includes a balance of papers from academic authors and museum professionals that aims to raise issues and provoke discussion about this fascinating topic.
Invitation to contribute
We invite scholars to submit original research, discussion or review papers relating to subjects that chime with the interests of the Science Museum Group and the wider science museum community for forthcoming issues of the Journal. We are now gathering content for issues 10 (Autumn 2018) and 11 (Spring 2019). The submission deadline for Issue 10 is 31 May2018 with publication in October 2018. Submission guidelines are provided on the 'How to submit' pages of the Journal. If you have general questions about article submission or if you would like to contribute an article, discussion or review piece please don't hesitate to contact the editorial team at firstname.lastname@example.com
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The Dana Research Centre and Library
The Dana Research Centre is located in the Dana Centre at the rear of the Science Museum, in South Kensington, London. Opened in 2016, the Dana Research Centre aims to promote the Science Museum as an important centre for scholarly research and it is home to the Museum's Research & Public History Department, and to the Museum's students and funded research projects. The Centre also provides a library with a selection of books and journals, a reading room and public access to the Science Museum's electronic resources. Here the public can access and order items held at the the extensive Science and Society library and archive collections stored at Wroughton (the Group's large storage facility in Swindon). Do come and visit the Dana Centre to pick up a library card and browse the collection. More details, including the address can be found here. General questions about Library aspects may be directed to firstname.lastname@example.com, and more general research programme enquiries to email@example.com
Publication of writing prize winners
In 2016 the Science Museum Group Journal launched a writing prize to encourage and reward research articles by talented early career scholars. We are delighted to be publishing the winning articles in issue 08 of the Journal. Our congratulations to Joshua Butt (Manchester Metropolitan University) and John Kannenberg (University of Arts, London) who shared the £500 prize, and to Jean-François Fava-Verde (University of Leeds) whose article was recommended for publication by the judging panel.
The 2017/18 Science Museum Journal Writing Competition is open and we welcome entries up to the deadline of 1 March 2018. The prize of £500 is awarded annually to the author of the best original research article which addresses research questions around science history, heritage, exhibitions, communications and public engagement. Further details about the writing prize are available here.
Collaborative Doctoral Awards
The call for proposals for the 2017 round of AHRC-funded Science Museums and Archives Consortium Collaborative Doctoral Awards is now closed. Please contact us at email@example.com if you wish to develop a proposal for the next deadline in September 2018. Further details about the doctoral awards is given on the Science Museum's Research and Public History webpages here.
Books and articles
Refrigerator: The Story of Cool in the Kitchen has been published by Reaktion books (http://www.reaktionbooks.co.uk/display.asp?K=e2016081116300786). Authored by Helen Peavitt, curator of Consumer Technology at the Science Museum, London, the book explores the history of refrigeration and how the fridge has become an essential appliance in our homes. To order the book with a 20% discount, readers of the Science Museum Group Journal can go to www.reaktionbooks.co.uk and enter the discount code FRIDGE20 at the checkout.
The British Anti-Psychiatrists, a monograph by Oisin Wall, Research Curator of the Medicine Galleries at the Science Museum, London is now available from Routledge. (https://www.routledge.com/The-British-Anti-Psychiatrists-From-Institutional-Psychiatry-to-the-Counter-Culture/Wall/p/book/9781138048560)
A chapter by Assistant Curator of the Science Museum's Medicine galleries, Sarah Bond, is included in Museum Storage and Meaning: Tales from the Crypt edited by Mirjam Brusius and Kavita Singh https://www.routledge.com/Museum-Storage-and-Meaning-Tales-from-the-Crypt/Brusius-Singh/p/book/9781138065970. The chapter is entitled Serendipity, Transparency, and Wonder: The Value of Visitable Storage. A 20% discount is available to readers who purchase via the Routledge website (not to be used with any other offer). Enter the code FLR40 at the checkout.
The latest volume from the Artefacts Consortium conference series (published by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press) is now available (http://opensi.si.edu/index.php/smithsonian/catalog/book/168). Challenging Collections: Approaches to the Heritage of Recent Science and Technology is edited by Alison Boyle (Keeper of Science Collections at the Science Museum) and Johannes-Geert Hagmann (Head of Curatorial Department AII-Technology at the Deutsches Museum). It focuses on questions around collecting post-Second World War scientific and technological heritage and on how such artefacts can be displayed and interpreted for diverse publics.
Research Seminars
The Science Museum's Research & Public History department continues to support a range of workshops, conference and seminars. Email email@example.com for a full timetable.
Keep up to date with all the latest research news, events and SMG Journal articles by following us on twitter: @ResearchSMG


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CHICAGO — Mild winter weather contributed to more frequent consumer visits to restaurants and other foodservice outlets this winter, resulting in a 1-percent increase from the first quarter (January-March) of 2011 to Q1 2012. That marks the strongest rate of traffic gain since the spring of 2008, reported The NPD Group, whose recent foodservice market research report shows that U.S. consumers spent three percent more at commercial foodservice outlets this winter than they did one year ago. More than half of the increase came from increased checks.
Despite the strong winter, traffic growth was confined to the quick service restaurant (QSR) and fine dining/upscale hotel segments, according NPD's CREST, which tracks the foodservice industry based on consumer reporting of over 400,000 visits to commercial and non-commercial foodservice outlets each year.
Visits to QSR locations increased by 2 percent over the same quarter last year; major quick service chains had the strongest traffic growth with a 3-percent increase in traffic; fine dining/upscale hotel restaurants grew traffic by 6 percent; and the midscale/family dining segment struggled, with visits going down by three percent in the first quarter. Additionally, visits to casual dining restaurants were down 2 percent compared to winter 2011, stated NPD.
The morning meal daypart outpaced industry traffic by increasing visits 3 percent compared to one year ago, while lunch and dinner have held steady versus a year previously for the last two quarters. Visits during afternoon snack time increased by 1 percent. The quick-service segment grew during every daypart, with the strongest growth at the morning meal.
"Thanks to unusually mild weather, winter 2012 was a bright spot for the foodservice industry; however, the economic environment will continue to be a challenge for the sector," says Bonnie Riggs, NPD restaurant industry analyst. "We forecast a slowdown in traffic growth for the balance of 2012 as the country continues its slow economic recovery."
via U.S. Restaurant Visits Strongest Since Spring 2008 – Foodservice – CSNews – FoodService.


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ECE News Story
Alumna Namrata Vaswani Joins Iowa State's ECE Faculty
ECE alumna Namrata Vaswani has accepted a position as assistant professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering department at Iowa State University.
Namrata completed her Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park in August 2004. Her Ph.D. advisor was Professor Rama Chellappa (ECE/UMIACS). Her primary research interests are in estimation and detection problems in statistical signal processing, biomedical image processing and computer vision. Before joining the Iowa State ECE faculty, Namrata served as postdoctoral fellow at Georgia Tech's School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
August 23, 2005
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Site Index
Homemade Soap
Making soap for your emergency preparedness supplies
would be good information to have and know. Especially when we know
that sanitization is crucial for keeping disease and infections
away. Also if your normal supply of soap is out it would be good
idea have these ingredients in storage so you could make your own
homemade soap . Homemade soap can also be customized to your
likings and will be explained by Al Durtschi in how to make your own
homemade soap:
"Soap making is not hard to do if
you are armed with just a little bit of information. Soap is the
result of combining fats with some sort of caustic agent such as lye
using water as a catalyst. Armed with just a little bit of knowledge
it�s possible to turn out a nice batch of soap with things that can
be purchased at most grocery stores. Read on to get the specifics on
this fun and interesting hobby. Study this page carefully and you
shouldn't have any problems turning out a great batch of soap.
Jump within page to:
best results, use rain, distilled, reverse osmosis or de-mineralized water. Your
water should be 0.38 of your fat by weight. Don't worry too much about getting
it exact, however, as this measurement isn't terribly critical.
You should
know a little bit about lye, or sodium hydroxide. Lye is a very strong base. If
you get it on you, you will find it's bad stuff. (Be sure to store lye where
kids or pets can NEVER get at it.) You must use care in
determining what utensils and mixing containers you use when handling lye. Use
wooden or plastic spoons and enameled, plastic or glass bowls for mixing. (Lye
will eat up Aluminum in a hurry. Also, lye instantly and permanently takes the
shine off Formica. Formica is so sensitive to lye that it left timeless streaks
across the table where I wiped a few dry crystals off with my hand. Now, with
our table
top and kitchen counter tops ruined, the wife ushers me outside when I
handle lye.)
You would be wise to wear eye protection and rubber gloves when handling the lye
crystals or the lye solution after you have mixed it into the water. Dissolve lye in cold water. Having half your water as ice would
be so much the better. Never pour the water into the lye. Doing this could
cause the mixture to explode and blow very corrosive lye water and crystals all
over the place. Rather, always pour the lye into the water. If you don't stir it
immediately as you pour the lye into the water, the lye will settle to the
bottom and quickly solidify. This isn't a problem as tapping it with the
stirring utensil will break it up. As you mix it, a physical reaction takes
place between the lye and the water generating a lot of heat. If you are making
a large batch of soap, the lye can even start the water boiling - with little
droplets of lye water splattering all over the place. If this starts happening,
stop stirring it until the bubbling stops. Generally, it doesn't take more than
a minute to dissolve the lye crystals into the water. You know this has happened
as the water will become relatively clear. Before using, the lye water must now
cool down to about 85 degrees F (or room temperature if your mixing area's above
85 degrees) before adding it to the fat.
Fats and Oils used in soap
making. In my experiments I have learned almost any fat or oil
can be used to make soap. Fats for soap making include animal fats such as
tallow (fat from beef), lard (fat from pork), and the various plant derived oils
and hydrogenated fats. Traditionally, animal fats have been used, with beef
tallow making the hardest soap, pork lard a medium hardness soap and chicken fat
the softest. It's generally accepted that the harder fats make better soap.
There are a multitude of fats and they each bring their own unique
qualities to soap. If you want to know what a particular fat will do, make a
small batch of only that fat and see what kind of bar it makes. Armed with this
knowledge you can mix fats to give your soap the qualities you want. This is how
soap recipes are born.
Whatever type of fat or oil you use, you must ensure it is clean and
free of impurities. It shouldn't be rancid, have excess salt in it, or have any
solid particles. (Many people remember the soap �grandma used to make,� and have
unpleasant memories of nasty smelling stuff. If Grandma had used clean, fresh,
fat, her soap would have smelled clean and fresh. But we can't blame Grandma as
she did the best she could with what she had. You will notice that Mrs. Mertz
disagrees with me on this point in her �how we used to do it� page.)
Rancid and dirty fat can be cleaned by boiling it for a few minutes
in a large pot with four parts water to one part fat. Set it aside and let it
cool. After it has solidified, remove the fat from the pot in one piece. One way
to do this is to run hot water around the outside of the pot, melting a thin
layer of fat next to the pan. It should then slide out. Scrape all the foreign
matter off the bottom of the fat. If it is still dirty, repeat the cleaning
process again. It is also fairly easy to render your own fat.
What are your best fats for soap making? Amazingly, the soap making
professionals feel that lard beats tallow and vegetable oils for gentleness to
your skin. However, soap made with 100% lard doesn't lather very well. But it
cleans beautifully. There is a predominant idea today that you must get bubbles
for the soap to do its job. Soap making professionals have told me this is not
the case. But if you want bubbles, you can have the kind of bubbles you want by
using different oils.
Different Fats that create bubbles:
Coconut Oil gives big, fluffy bubbles. One hundred percent coconut oil
soap is sometimes used around maritime operations as it will even lather in
sea water, really, about the only soap that will. Soap with coconut oil can be
a tiny bit harsh on some people's skin. If you'd like cheap coconut oil, get a
one or five gallon bucket of popcorn popping oil which is 100% coconut oil
that's dyed yellow. Yes, you will be stuck with yellow soap but this won't be
a problem for most people.
Olive oil gives very fine, silky bubbles. This oil is very good for the
In your soap making, use at least 25% of these fats as part of your overall
fat to get the desired effect you're seeking.
Saponification (Sap) Value:
Each fat
requires a different amount of lye to change the fat to soap. See our Lye to Fat Ratio Table
Page for a short discussion on this and a listing of different fats and the
lye required to convert them to soap. The temperature of the fat is important. It needs to be a bit above
it�s melting point. This is 130 degrees F for beef tallow, or 85 degrees F for
pork lard, or about the same temperature for vegetable oil. The hotter your oil,
the faster the chemical reaction between the lye and the fat. But the hotter the
oil, the easier the soap separates into layers during the mixing stage.
With the lye water and fat at the right temperature, very gradually pour the lye
water into the fat using a very small stream. Stir gently only in one direction
the whole time you are adding the lye water. This helps it mix. You should
insulate your mixing pot with old rags, etc, to prevent the fat from hardening
before you've finished mixing the soap.
Saponification and its role
in the mixing process: Simply stated, saponification is the name
for the chemical process that happens between lye and fat as they turn into
soap. It doesn't happen all at once, but actually takes days to complete. There
are different levels of this process, and the most important one for you to know
about is the "Trace" stage. This
is the point at which your soap has thickened up somewhat. As you let the soap
run off your mixing spoon back into the mixture, the falling soap stays on top
and doesn't blend in, but leaves its "trace" mark on top. Its thickness is
another way to know when trace occurs. Its consistency is much like the
thickness of pudding after it's cooked but before it has set up.
With stirring only, it can take a long time to get your soap to the
trace stage depending on many variables. One of these variables is the heaviness
of the fat. The lighter the fat or oil, the longer it will take it to trace. You
can expect a wait anywhere from 30-60 minutes for animal fats to several hours
or even days for the vegetable oils. Does this mean you need to sit and stir
your soap for several hours until it traces? I don't. After mixing it for about
15 minutes, I do other things and mix the settled layers back up every 15 or 20
minutes when I happen to go by it. (You may wish to set your timer so you don't
completely forget it!) At the trace stage of thickness, it won't separate out
into layers when you pour it in your setting trays or molds.
A False Trace
happen when making soap with fats that are solid at room temperature, such as
tallow, lard, or shortening. If the temperature of your soap mix drops below the
melting temperature of your fat, it will start to solidify. As it does, your
batch will start to thicken up just like it was tracing - but it's not! Rather,
it's the fats solidifying. To prevent this from happening, be sure that the soap
you are mixing stays above the melting temperature of the fat. In fact, the
warmer your soap, the quicker it will saponify. It wouldn't hurt to keep your
soap up to around 115 degrees F to speed this process along a little more
quickly. At 120 degrees F lanolin will curdle your batch, so sometimes,
depending on the additives you've included, you may need to be very careful how
hot you get it.
Vegetable oils can also be used
for making soap. These oils are liquid at room temperature and without employing
a trick or two usually require many hours of mixing before they trace.
Trick 1: Use a blender. The more finely the lye and fat
molecules are intermixed the faster they will saponify. Using a blender, the
trace stage can be reached in minutes instead of hours. Don't use an upright
blender unless you don't mind millions of tiny air bubbles being permanently
whipped into your soap. Use the hand-held type instead. With one of these, even
your most stubborn oils should trace within 20 minutes. Sometimes, you can get a
trace with animal fats in just a couple of minutes. Anyone who has sat around
for hours stirring a batch of soap will be ecstatic with this.
Trick 2: Cook it. There are a
couple of processes that I have developed myself yet are rather unorthodox. And
this is one of them. If you don't have a blender, perhaps cooking your soap is
for you. After it has cooled, pour or spoon it into the soap mold or tray
and treat it like you would for the no-cook recipes. Even though it has been
cooked, the chemical reaction that slowly turns liquid vegetable oils into soap
will take much longer than cooked animal fat soaps.
When your soap has traced you can add
your superfatting, coloring and perfume oils.
Superfatting oil:
When your soap gets to its trace stage, the saponification process is around 90%
complete. Fat added at this point makes your soap softer. There is a reason why
the superfatting oil is added after tracing instead of at the beginning with all
the other fats. If it was added at the beginning you wouldn't have any control
over which fat or oil ended up as your 'free fat' as all fats would
saponify together. This is presupposing you are going to superfat with a
different fat or oil than you used to make your soap with. Exotic oils are
generally used in superfatting. They are added at trace to give the benefit of
their desirable qualities without having to use so much it empties your wallet.
A good rule of thumb is to use 1 oz. per pound of total fat used in the recipe.
(That's one part superfatting oil to 16 parts total fat.) Let me list just 2 of
the more common superfatting oils:
Avocado Oil: Feels very soft to the skin and makes an excellent
shaving soap.
Cocoa Butter: Makes a hard bar. It smells and looks nice, but
doesn't lather.
Coloring Dyes: Several things are used to color soap.
Approved items are clays, mineral pigments and spices. You can get these items
from soap supply companies. Moving back into the area of unorthodoxy again, I
color all my soap with a piece of crayon. Virtually all crayon is made with
stearic acid, a type of fat. The stearic acid saponifies into the soap leaving
behind the pigment.
I melt crayon into my soap after it has traced. Don't be tempted to
put your crayon in at the beginning as the lye will change its color. You may
need to heat a half cup or so of your traced soap to about 150 degrees F to get
it to the melting temperature of the crayon. Even adding a crayon at this late
stage of mixing, you may notice a slight color shift over time.
Scenting Oils: There are two types of scenting oils, FO's (fragrance oils) and EO's (essential
oils). An EO is made from distilling the oil out of the plant it comes from. A
fragrance oil is a man-made chemical that's steeped in alcohol. EO's are usually
used in soap making as FO's have been known to seize soap, or turn it into a
yucky ball that doesn't saponify correctly. EO's are much more expensive and
harder to find than FO's but also have better scent retention. If it is an EO,
it will most often say so on the label. You will also know it by the exorbitant
cost. FOs can often be used safely at trace however. Make a small test batch
first to see if your FO is going to work before making a big batch. Be aware
that rose and cucumber FOs are notorious for seizing soap. If you want to use an
FO that can possibly seize soap, you can safely use it during a rebatch. Certain fragrance oils and essential oils change the saponification
characteristics of a mix. Jasmine absolute from real flowers is damaged by
strong alkali. It is a natural fragrance and not a fragrance oil.
The Setting Tray:
Mrs. Mertz used a
galvanized tub. Other old timers used a wooden box in the shape of a tray with a
cloth laid in the bottom of it. The cloth was used to help remove the hardened
soap from the tray. If you are going to use a solid tray, may I recommend
plastic wrap instead of cloth as a barrier between your soap and the tray. But
there is something even simpler than this. If you have any square edged,
flexible plastic trays with lips at least as high as a bar of soap is thick, use
this instead. After the soap has hardened, a slight flexing of the tray will
dislodge the soap. When the soap begins to harden (1 hour to 3 days depending on
how fast the curing process is moving along), section it into bars. When
cutting, the soap should still be soft enough to easily run a table knife
through it but hard enough that the soap doesn't run back together again. After
it has further hardened (3-7 days), remove it from the tray, and break it into
bars following the knife marks made earlier. Even though your soap looks hard at
this stage, it is far from done. There's a good chance it contains a bit of lye
that should dissipate into the soap as the saponification process continues.
This will be true as long as you had your lye/fat ratio correct
in the first place. Your soap will need to sit for 2-6 weeks to dry out and
cure, depending on the fat you used. Use litmus paper to test
the lye content of your finished soap. Be sure to wash off any soda ash that has
formed before testing. Soda ash has a high pH value. Your soap should be below a
pH of 10 within 36-72 hours after it has traced. The closer the pH of the
finished soap is to 7 the better but don't expect normally made soap to reach
this. If your soap is over a pH of 10, let it sit around for a week or two.
Hopefully as the soap continues to saponify the lye will get transformed and the
pH will drop. Your soap should be below a pH of 10 before you use it. Below a pH
of 9 would be better. There are a few seasoned soap makers that test the pH by
tasting the soap. Your tongue will tingle if there is still too much lye in it.
Of course, you don't want to swallow this stuff. This was suggested to me as a
possibility by Mrs. Mertz and also by other contemporary soap makers who sell
Final Curing and Storage:
With the soap out of the tray or molds, stack it up and set it in a warm dry
place for at least two weeks. When it has fully cured, place it in a plastic bag
or air tight container, and store it in a cool, dry place. You might notice a
thin, white powdery layer on the outside of your soap. This is soda ash, and
forms as a result of the carbon dioxide in the air interacting with the lye in
the soap. This outer layer quickly washes off the first time you use it. If this
is a concern, cover your setting soap with plastic wrap so the air can't get to
it. After saponification nears completion, you can remove the air barrier to let
your soap dry out. After all this, if there is still a thin layer of soda ash on
your soap after it has cured, wash it off, then let the surface of your soap dry
before storage.
Final Soap Making Tips:
My experience: The recipes I used left a lot to be desired. The
instructions weren't sufficiently detailed for me to really figure it all out
and so I made several mistakes which I will now point out.
The first thing I had trouble with was
getting the
ratio correct.
the recipe simply said �a can of lye.� Obviously, in yesteryear all lye cans
must have been the same size. Not so any more. From analyzing several recipes
both relatively modern and old, I find the lye to fat ratio in many recipes to
be lye heavy. I suggest you figure the lye yourself using the
fat to lye table
before using a recipe. Then alter it accordingly when making your soap. Let�s
not forget the 0.38 parts of water to one part fat by weight. (Water, lye and
fat are the primary ingredients for all soap recipes I've found, and will make a
good bar of soap all by themselves.) Depending on what you want to use the soap
for, you may wish to deviate from the lye-fat table. Make laundry soap
intentionally lye heavy and delicate facial soaps intentionally a bit fat heavy.
Mix it:
Double the SAP table's figures for lye for really tuff cleaning jobs, like
laundry soap.
Use the 5% fat column for regular hand soap.
Use the 9% or 10% column for delicate facial cleaner
Note: The more lye in the soap, the harder bar it makes. (One of my friends
told me how before the days of the automatic washing machine, his mother always
threw a bar of home made soap into the wash during her �manual wash cycle� then
pulled it out before the �rinse.� The same bar of soap lasted several batches!)
The second thing I had trouble with was adding the different ingredients at the right
times. rinse created some real messes with this one. Here is a
suggested order to add things: Start out with...
Mix all your fats together before adding your lye
water to them.
Fat or Oil
Coal Oil
Lemon Juice
After Trace:
Ground Oatmeal
Vitamin E
Coloring Dyes
Superfatting Oil
Scenting oils:
The third thing I had trouble with was
getting it to trace correctly.
Trying different things, I happened on a couple of different ways of
getting soap to trace. Three methods of getting soap to trace have already been
discussed. When I first started making soap I didn't know the first thing about
"trace." Because of this, I had several failed batches until I developed a
unorthodox way of setting soap that incidentally is a lot faster than waiting for
it to trace by stirring only. The following method will only work with fats that
are solid at room temperature, like tallow, lard, and shortening. You can't
color or scent your soap if you do it this way as you should only add these
things after tracing. Professional soap makers are leery of this method as they
feel it is important to stir the batch to trace as it keeps the molecules
moving. Yet I add this last method here as I've had excellent luck with it.
The Intentional False Trace: After all the ingredients are thoroughly mixed, set your mixing container in
cold water and continue to stir, especially the sides and bottom. I use a big
spatula to do this as the fat will solidify first on the sides and bottom of the
pan. This solidifying fat/lye mixture must be remixed into the warmer mass in
the center of the pot. As the mixture cools, continue to quickly stir it while
the whole batch thickens. When it gets to the consistency of thick gravy or
pudding, (trace consistency) pour it into your setting tray. The idea here is to
get it so thick there is no way it can separate, yet fluid enough so it will
flow. With it in the setting tray, put it in the refrigerator so the fat in the
soap can continue to solidify. After it is cold, take it out of the refrigerator
and set it aside. Unless you make the soap during very hot weather, it stirring
re-melt and separate. Anywhere from an hour to a day, depending on how fast it
is setting up, the soap should be ready to cut into bar sized pieces. Note:
Don't get confused here. If you actually traced your soap,
you shouldn't put it in the refrigerator. The refrigerator is only used when you
thickened your soap in cold water before tracing had a chance to happen.
Final curing: As mentioned
before, it takes soap days for the saponification process to complete, then
weeks before it has cured with all the water evaporating. My experience is that
it takes about 1 to 3 days for the soap to set up hard enough to cut the soap
into hand soap sized bars without it melting back together again. Check it once
or twice a day. You don't want it so hard you can't run a table knife through
it. After sectioning the soap in the setting tray, leave it in the pan to
further harden 3 - 5 days. You want it to be hard enough so it will maintain its
shape and not break up as you are taking it out of the tray. You can't hurt it
by leaving it too long, but if you take it out too soon you can accidentally
pieces off or put big cracks in the bars that will later break. When it has
cured long enough, remove the now solid soap and break it
up into bars from the knife marks made earlier. If you used a solid pan lined
with plastic wrap, after the soap is removed, use your finger to smooth out the
small grooves made by the wrinkles in the plastic wrap. (If you wait, it will be
too hard and you can't be able to do this.) It is then stacked up and left to
further dry (cure) for two or more weeks.
Using It:
mentioning this may seem like over kill. When I first used that initial bar of
lye heavy soap from my first ever attempt at soap making, I rubbed and rubbed,
and didn't get much off it. But I soon learned that I was just breaking it in.
After I used it a few times, it was much easier to use. If you have kids, to
decrease their resistance to using soap �you� made, break it in first then put
it out for them to use.
Floating soap: Ivan Stern discovered the easy way to make your soap float.
Just add a tablespoon of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or so to your soap mixture
after you've added almost all of the alkali. The bicarbonate reacts with the
fatty acids to release CO2 into the mixture. Be aware this adds a very small
amount of caustic material to your batch."
Al Durtschi, E-mail: email@example.com
All contents copyright (C) 1997-2000, Al Durtschi. All rights reserved.
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