text:
This blog post has been revised and turned into a chapter in The Rethinking Series.
The series includes each book in PDF, Kindle, and Nook formats.
Click here to view the Table of Contents for each book and how to get it
Beyond Evangelical | The Blog of Frank Viola
Official Blog of Author & Speaker Frank Viola. Digging below the surface and moving beyond the shallows in today's Christianity.
This blog post has been revised and turned into a chapter in The Rethinking Series.
The series includes each book in PDF, Kindle, and Nook formats.
Click here to view the Table of Contents for each book and how to get it
Frank Viola is a best-selling author, A-list blogger, speaker, and consultant to authors and writers. His mission is to help serious followers of Jesus know their Lord more deeply so they can experience real transformation and make a lasting impact. See his About page for more information.
sam mathew says
Frank, great article as always! Have you addressed in any of your writings/teachings the 'gift of leading' as in Rom 12:8? Thanks!
Frank Viola says
It's in "Reimagining Church" https://frankviola.org/books – that's a bad translation.
Tony says
All too often well meaning (and not so well meaning) people will reach into the Old Testament for authority that no true Christian would claim. It is true that Jesus fulfilled everything that the Law and the Prophets stood for; "Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them." (Matthew 5:17) And, by that same statement, we must look to Jesus to see the True nature of that fulfillment, not the Old Testament.
Brother John says
The church and true leadership is any place you find the headship of Jesus Christ. Everything else is The Kiwanis, Boy Scouts, or Girls Night Out/In.
mainpain says
Another great post Frank, thanks. It sure seems to hit a spot with readers based on the comments received.
As I read through this I kept thinking of the Body of Christ and how it is explained that Christ is the head (Col 1:18)(there are others as well) and therefore fully the driver of the body. When the hand is in use, like putting something in the mouth, it becomes active and appears to be operating in a leadership role in the body, but in reality all the functions of the body are controlled by the head (brain). Doesn't make the feet the leader when walking, or the stomach the leader when digesting food, or the mouth the leader when talking.
As I think about the full function of a healthy body I can see clearly how the Body of Christ ought to operate when fully motivated and intentioned by the Holy Spirit. The clergy/laity system is clearly an abrogation of healthy body ministry and allows the ekklesia to abdicate responsibility to operate fully as part of Christ. It also puts an unrealistic load on the people assuming the role of clerics as they can never fully do what the job requires.
How much better if we operate in "body ministry" with each section of the body fulfilling its role in a healthy body. All benefit when each part function in a healthy manner just as all suffer when operating out of order. The parallels become astounding as you walk this out.
It is no longer I who live but Christ who lives within me.
Jay says
Good article. The words translated as leader in Hebrews 13:17, 14 and Romans 12:8 are participles which could be translated as "leading ones" or as you said guard that is guarding ones, so we see the emphasis is on the doing not on that of a position.
Joel Blest says
The role/function of overseer/elder is quite distinct from gifting.
Titus is instructed to "appoint" (NIV) elders/overseers. Qualifications are listed for those who "aspire" to the "task" (NIV) of being an elder/overseer. Gifts are never "appointed", nor do gifts require qualifications any qualifications of the receiver.
A natural reading of Titus/Timothy is that Paul had authority (yes an authority that was affirmed by his relationship with Christ, but an authority that was given directly by Christ), that he gave Titus/Timothy an authority, and that the elders they were to appoint would also have authority.
Does the church have issues that need serious attention in terms of its leadership structure and the way many leaders function? Absolutely. But the Bible is clear that there need to be competent, Christ-following servant leaders to equip and raise up the Church (and new leaders). Leaders have the responsibility to God to equip and also protect the flock. This responsibility necessitates authority. Side-stepping that responsibility may be more popular, but it is dangerous for the flock.
Frank Viola says
I'm not sure what you're responding to here. There wasn't a word that was contra elders/overseers or any others "side-stepping" responsibility. As I've pointed out in "Reimagining Church" in a detailed argument, elder is the person, overseer is the function, and shepherd is the gift. They are different terms for the same role. But elders never dominated or controlled the churches. All told, I don't see anything you've said here to overturn any of my points. Your comments on "authority" are a different issue all together and you're assuming a great deal with the word. I've addressed this in detail in "Reimagining Church." There is organic authority and official authority. The two are very different.
Julie B. says
As believers, when someone creates a question in our minds, we should stop and consider what is really at the root of our disagreement. My view may seem rather simplistic to the students or theologians that have commented above, however in the case of the leadership question, it could come back to what in reality is a very basic personal sin or shortcoming that is being justified by wrapping it in scripture reference or doctrinal teaching. People that resist changing their view of traditional institutional leadership in the church to become more biblically based may have one of two deep level motivations: 1) seeking power, control and glory for themselves as a "leader", or 2) seeking to avoid personal responsibility, which includes the discipline of discipleship, and becoming fully operational in their gifts and calling. When either self glory or failure to take responsibility exist, the church winds up in a situation of being handicapped by stunted functionality instead of being a healthy body. Maybe that is why church attendance has declined so much in recent decades? People sense that the body is not healthy, they just don't know why.
Jeff Martin says
Like the post! As Dr. Roy Ciampa told me one time, there is nothing in the description of a bishop in 1 Timothy 3 that does not also apply to any other Christian except for one – the ability to teach!
Frank Viola says
Thx. Yes, but Hebrews and Colossians says that all should teach. So in one sense, every believer should be able to instruct others. Just like every believer is exhorted to prophecy (1 Cor. 14). At the same time, there are those with special gifts of teaching and others with special prophetic gifts. "Bishop" is a poor translation. "Overseer" is much more accurate.
JoeMc says
I have not read your other books on this subject so you may address my concerns elsewhere. But this article IMHO give the wrong impression. While all members of the Body have a ministry and are equal in the sight of the Lord, some have been called to equip the saint so they can serve more effectively. These are called fivefold ministers. The philosphy of ministry is laying down the life in the service of others – not hierarchy – but they are gifted uniquely by God to impart to Christ's people. All are gifted, all are anointed, yet some are gifted to equip others. Paul says apostles and prophets are stewards of the mystery of Christ and are listed first in 1 Cor. 12:28. Again, not hierarchy, but rather priority of equipping. Lay the foundation for others to build upon. If you have addressed this elsewere, let me know. Your article as it stand leaves a wrong impression.
Frank Viola says
I don't see how the article "leaves a wrong impression." You're talking about "equipping" . . . I'm talking about leadership. Not identical. I would argue that most articles and books on Christian leadership leave the wrong impression. That some are leaders and other's aren't, and some will give their souls for the title of "leader." Hence my post.
And let me remind you of something that was repeated many times in the post. This is a summary of "Reimagining Church." The details are in that book.
Yes, I've written on the so-called "five fold ministry" before. See the post "Rethinking the Five-Fold Ministry" in the archives.
Michael Raburn says
Excellent work as usual Frank. The only thing I would add as a major cause of the rise of the clergy is the Constantinian shift. I know you're aware of it, but I think it is important enough to warrant inclusion even where space is limited. Because this runs deeper (and older) than the church adopting business models from the world. This goes back to the church choosing the world's mode of power over following Jesus. Jesus told us the Spirit was coming to show that the ruler of this world has been judged. As far back as Constantine, church leaders sided with what has already been condemned. Which is why what you are up against here is the very spirit of antichrist.
Frank Viola says
Thanks. I do make mention that I trace the origin of the clergy system in "Pagan Christianity," which covers this. However, in my book I point out that the clergy/laity divide precedes Constantine. We can largely credit Constantine for bringing it into the Christian faith.
Jim Puntney says
Frank your blog is a gift, your points are sound and here for the taking. The discussion thread that followed is in many ways was richer than the blog.
This again points out to the value and blessing of community.
Equally this venue displays what effective leadership is. You presented a thought, the body entertained this thought, and expressed what this meant to them. In this discussion leadership was on display, in the form of the comments, and the reply's.
Thanks to one and all for this discussion!
Dan says
A year ago I would have stood in line to try and arrogantly tell you how wrong you are. Thanks to Christ for a revelation of the truth. 6 years as a "Pastor" for me kept me from seeing God's true purpose for me. To live with others as an expression of His life here on earth.
I spent years telling others that they needed to "do" better and I had a list of things to show what that meant. People listened because I had a title that they believed was ordained by God they would listen to me.
Those days are behind me. It is not about me, it is not about any one individual, not titles offices or power. There is only one that matters. Our Lord Jesus Christ. We are all in a different place in life and therefore all see a different aspect of Christ's infinite depths. We all need to share what we know of Christ. We have a lifetime to mine His depths and we will never even come close to seeing all there is of Christ.
David Rodriguez says
This was the proper response to such a sobering word! There was such a clear distinction between the Spirit of Jesus Christ in this response compared to the spirit of anitchrist in others.
Stephen Rigg says
Wonderful post as usual Frank, you should write a book on the subject and call it "Reimagining Church" or something like that. 😉
I have to say, I have enjoyed reading the comment section almost as much as the post itself.
In the world, some like to lead because of the control they can wield, take politicians for example. Then you have the rest of the people who desire leaders to take responsibility so that they can be involved as little as they desire to be.
I have to say that much of what I have seen in the "church" has looked very much like that as well. I believe what you laid out in the post is more what the Kingdom of God looks like. It makes me wonder just how wide and narrow those roads are that lead to destruction and life?
John Meyer says
The Apostles seem to wield authority over both the 'churches'
and individuals. Peter judged Ananius and his wife Sapphira.
There also was a ruling made by the Apostels, the elders and the
Brethren that the Gentiles abstain from things offered to idols, blood
Things strangled, and from sexual immorality.
Paul ordered that a certain man (1 Cor. 5) be turned over to Satan.
Paul also threatened to come to a certain group with a rod.
I'm not disagreeing with what you said, I just have questions about what
You didn't address. Obviously the apostles had both power and authority
Over the church.
It's also fair to mention that it is their letters from which we get our doctrine
and standards to live by. 1 Thessalonians.
Nice article. Thanks for sharing.
Frank Viola says
Only have sec. but this is the traditional view of "authority" and I take issue with it. So does Robert Banks. Spiritual authority was exercised *when* and only when the mind of Jesus Christ was being revealed. The authority was spiritual/organic . . . rooted in the life of Christ which was seasoned in some (like Paul). But it wasn't official, i.e., invested in a certain office irrespective of what the person did or said. That's why the writer of Hebrews says "allow yourselves to be persuaded."
In "Reimagining Church," I list all the texts where Paul charges a church. In that list, you'll find that the few times when Paul "commanded," he did so "in the Lord Jesus Christ" or he referred to something the Lord Himself said. Most of the time, he pleads, beseeches, admonishes, exhorts, encourages, and even requests. Paul did not have a hierarchical top/down relationship with the churches he cared for. In fact, in some of his letters, he submits to the church itself. Even saying that if he preaches or teaches anything contrary to Jesus Christ, let him be cursed. Paul's relationship to the churches is summed up in his words in 2 Corinthians 1:24, "Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy." I hope you'll read the book and examine the arguments. Would be happy to dialogue with you about it more afterwards. It presents a different view of leadership/authority than the traditional view. The Scriptures — in context — have the final word, I believe.
Chris says
I sent this post to my cousin. He thinks you have been influenced by anarchists. What would you say to this?
Frank Viola says
He's welcome to come on the blog and ask me himself. But that's a first. Snyder, Banks, Barth, Dunn, Nee, Yoder, Sparks, etc. weren't anarchists.
Prayingmedic says
Excellent post my friend. Haven't had time to read the comments yet, but you always manage to draw some friendly fire. We are all leaders at times and we are all followers at times; occasionally we wear both hats at the same time. The separation of leaders & followers into distinct groups is not New Testament theology, but a relic of human institutions, as you made clear enough.
You're such a bombthrower…..
Pass the hand grenades?
Bart says
I haven't read the entire post yet, but if all are leaders then none are leaders. Makes no sense.
Frank Viola says
Well, you should read the post. But your statement is a non-sequitur. It does not follow. It's like saying, "If all Christians are priests (which the NT clearly states), then none are priests." Or "If all are ministers (which the NT clearly states), then none are ministers."
Neither of those statements work from the NT perspective. We are called to minister to one another . . . and to the world. We are called to lead/guide one another (as well as the world) to Christ.
There is one HEAD. But all who share His life are leaders under the one HEAD pointing to and expressing the Head in different ways. All lead in different ways … in different capacities … and through different giftings and functions. Re-read 1 Cor. 12 in this light and you'll see leadership in a new way.
The ingrained clergy/laity dichotomy has really messed us up with all of this. Not to mention the Western view of leadership. It's made "leadership" a bad word. And in many cases, it is.
I think my 4-aspect definition of leadership should clear the matter up for you.
Tom says
I haven't read the book yet so maybe it's answered there, but what do you say about Paul telling Timothy and Titus to appoint elders in the churches. Doesn't that mean they were offices that had authority?
Frank Viola says
This is addressed in "Reimagining Church" in detail. There is no question that certain people were endorsed for certain tasks in the NT. Take Acts 6 for instance. The seven men selected in Acts 6 weren't given some kind of unilateral authority over everyone else, nor where they installed into a social construct ("office") that had intrinsic authority regardless of the persons who populated it.
Rather, the seven were selected for a task based upon their spiritual maturity and wisdom. The same is true for those places where Paul endorsed elders (which wasn't in all the churches, by the way). In the OT, Moses publicly acknowledged elders who were *already functioning* as elders, the Scripture says. Moses just made it public.
In the same way, when someone endorses a book of mine publicly they aren't giving the book authority. They're simply acknowledging an authority that they perceive the book already possesses. The problem with us viewing the endorsement of elders in South Galatia, Crete, and Ephesus as "installment into office" is that we are imposing the Western idea of "office" (as in the office of the Presidency — see my comment to Jim W. below about that) as having an authority irrespective of the individuals who populate those offices.
In the NT, rather, the idea is that spiritual authority is based on spiritual maturity and wisdom — a la, expressing the mind of God. And in some cases, that's endorsed publicly and in other cases, such individuals are given certain tasks. If a person … be it elder or apostle … is teaching something that goes against the will and mind of the Head (Christ), they have no authority in what they're saying. All authority comes from Christ. This is all discussed in detail in the book and scriptural examples are given.
Even so, if someone still insists that elders are "offices" in the modern Western sense of the word, that doesn't take away from or overturn the message of the post on leadership nor any of the other points listed.
First thank you Frank for your always (for me) above average clarity with which you express your thinking!
Second, I believe that our obsession with Leadership as it is usually seen has to do with our desire to "run properly" the church organization like a business enterprise and with our "celebrity culture" obsession that we borrow directly from the world. The message that goes around in many church planting agencies(Acts 29 and others) is that we have to run an organization properly (doctrine, regulation, procedures) and that it is mainly a guy centered view of the church (the lead guy pastor) who like a hero pulls it all together with the help of some volunteer/diacons and the money of the congregants…
I encounter similar healthy thinking in Indonesian Pastor Eddy Leo of Abba Love, Jakarta. In their church (50,000 people) they are trying to adopt an empowering model of leadership to run their church moving away from a previous top down approach. I wonder if you Frank had contacts with him (I have a pdf format of his book if you are interested to read, he told me you were very inspiring to him) and/or were able to see what he is doing?
I think that it would be very refreshing to see some alternative church model in place and I also wonder if so many of the miracles and wonder that the church of the East experiences is not also linked to their more biblical view of leadership that let's the gifts of each individual be used more powerfully within the church.
Frank would you say that if we adopted a more biblical approach to leadership the amazing testimonies from the church of the East (healing of people, etc. like in the book of Acts)could be also be heard in the church of the West?
Frank Viola says
Thx. I don't know Leo. But I'm encouraged by the comment. I'm not sure about your last question . . . I think the issue is more complicated and deeper. But resolving the leadership issue certainly couldn't hurt and would help on several levels, I believe.
JackW says
I've been thinking along these lines for years, mostly due to the writing of Ray Stedman. Is he an influence of yours Frank?
Frank Viola says
Except for his term "body life" (which I like a lot), he's not been an influence. My influences are on these two lists: https://frankviola.org/top100 and https://frankviola.org/academic
Mike Mathewson says
Is it fair to say:
Christian leaders = Biblical "salt" and "light" … God's people to influence the world?
Teague McKamey says
I think the Father, Son, & Spirit are the best leadership model. Within God there is hierarchy (as seen in John 14:10 & 16:13; 1 Cor. 15:28) & union (John 17–which is more the side where leadership can come from any member). To present a true image of God, I think the church must function in both. Hierarchy has been overemphasized, and your comments about that resonate with me. I have been part of a group or two, however, where people didn't function in hierarchy, & I saw people damaged in that situation as well. It's possible too that God could use an emphasis on hierarchy or union leadership depending on the need of the time. For example, despite all the failings of episcopal forms of church government, I wonder if the church would've survived her first few centuries without it….
Frank Viola says
Teague: The idea that there is hierarchy in God has been refuted by the best theologians. I discuss it in "Reimagining Church," the first chapter along with sources. We impose hierarchy to those texts, but it's not present. We must distinguish between Jesus as a man (who was submitted to the Father) and Jesus the Eternal Son who was/is co-equal with the Father.
Simon says
What a fabulous reply…I think I will have to buy your book now. I am intrigued!!!:)
Mark Christian-Edwards says
Quick note on the word kleros (one of my favourites):
It is used in the Greek old testament to refer to apportioned-out, inheritable pieces of the promised land. Every family got one. For example Naboth's vineyard was his 'kleros' – his family inheritance.
The whole point being that a 'kleros' was something *everybody was given* as opposed to what it has come to mean, something only certain people get to be.
Kleros in 1 Peter in fact refers, not to the leaders themselves, but to the people around them, in their sphere of oversight/care ( our inheritance portion in the new creation is given to us in the form of people to care for, rather than geographical territory to own). My kleros is my portion of Christ's flock . Only he can give me this kleros, but he gives a kleros to us all. The people in my kleros are not given me to "lead" but to look out for. The resulting network is completely unofficial, in human terms utterly disorganised, all-encompassingly global, and at the same time relentlessly local to each of us. I think it's the shape of the church.
Robyn G says
Frank & Mark…I love words…I love to write…am a crossword and scrabble fanatic…and love understanding the origin of words and definitions. Thank you so much for clarifying this important one…kleros. You have reminded me to dig into origins and definitions more so that I do not blindly accept the altered misuse of The Word 🙂
Robyn G says
Mark…I like the picture you give of "looking out for" instead of "leading." Many a shepherd follows behind or alongside the sheep…rarely races ahead of them unless there is eminent danger…and even then relys on others, such as a sheep dog or guardian dog, to be sent quickly to warn, protect. Thanks for making that distinction 🙂
Jennifer says
Mark, Wow! Thank you so much for sharing. This confirms something that the Spirit was just speaking to me about just a couple of hours ago. "Only He can give me this kleros"…. amazing how something you share with one person has no effect whatsoever, but someone else is so hungry for that word that you share and takes it and runs with it. A humbling word that reminds us that if anyone is uplifted or encouraged by our words, it is only because God has given us favor in their eyes. It has nothing to do with us.
JON says
"While all the versions of the kingdom of the world acquire and exercise power over others, the kingdom of God, incarnated and modeled in the person of Jesus Christ, advances only by exercising power under others. It expands by manifesting the power of self-sacrificial, Calvary-like love."
~ Greg Boyd
Luke Geraty says
Just a quick note. Banks' work is not as universally accepted as may be assumed.
But that doesn't obviously destroy your point 😉 Just an aside…
Frank Viola says
I trust you realize that no book is "universally accepted," even the Bible. The only thing that scholars have contended about Banks' book is a minor issue that's off the point of his thesis. It has to do with Pauline authorship of Ephesians. I am more confident that Paul wrote Ephesians than Banks is. But many scholars would stand with Banks' question on that point. It's a moot point to his overall thesis. In fact, my post today is on Christian pettiness. Give it a read as it speaks to this very thing.
Craig Bennett says
I recently preached on how God has gifted every Christian as a ministry gift to the church.. drawing on Romans and Ephesians, I showed how he is using the same language to make the same point in both letters, and therefore the 2 lists are not exhaustive, prescriptive or hierarchical in nature.
I like how you engaged with the Romans 12 use of 'leaders' which makes a lot of sense. Thanks. cb
Jeremy Myers says
What a great post. I have been wanting someone to say this for a very long time. Thanks for having the courage, Frank!
Gunnar Falk says
And let me again just highlight Sabrina's well worded statement:
" Let's just count the times that church members are invited to attend "leadership seminars" in a year as opposed to "Dwelling in Christ" seminars."
Powerfully stated, Sabrina! You led me into a great way to word this concept! 🙂
Joshua Lee Henry says
Awesome post Frank. I really appreciate your four elements of Christian leadership, especially leadership pointing to Jesus Christ, the ultimate leader and servant. As His followers, he has set the example for our life. Part 2 of "Reimagining Church" definitely helps in furthering the discussion.
shaun says
thought provoking, thanks.
Pat says
Great Post Frank! Thanks for sharing.
PS You lead us well!
Renate says
I totally agree with this article. Thanks for sharing and putting into words what I have tried to explain when frustrated with how people see leadership in the church.
Pam says
Jesus as the mediator between God and man ought to be enough but people want visible mediators, even if they are unnecessary. Jesus is all about equality but people like hierarchy. In the body of Christ, there is no one member more important than the other and every part of the body is needed for proper function. The head of the body is, Jesus and when we put 'leaders' in that place there is all kinds of dysfunction in the body and it is as much the fault of the 'laity' as the 'clergy'. Each member of the body of Christ must look directly to, Jesus Christ for direction. A foot can't look to a hand for instructions in how to walk but has to receive those directions directly from the head.I think everyone involved in church knows the problems caused when people attend a church because of the leadership and not because they are led to membership by the Holy Spirit.We end up with churches built on the personality of a man rather than on the foundation of Christ. We should only follow another believer as they follow Christ but often, people get caught up in following a charismatic leader and leave off on imitating Christ,altogether.It is easier to follow someone we can see an touch rather than someone we can't see or touch. The only way to solve the problem is for each individual to remain focused on, Jesus because the false division of clergy and laity isn't so much a problem of form but of spirit.
Mike says
I'm inclined to say yes. I've read Reimagining Church and completely agree with the picture Frank paints.
But let me be honest, the few times I mentioned the idea of 'living by the indwelling Christ' (or something to that affect) to my Christian friends, it was always met with either an awkward silence or a vague nod in the direction of having the Holy Spirit as our guide. Illiteracy is begetting illiteracy in the practice of spiritual living. And let me be honest again–the Bible really doesn't give us much practical material when it comes to the 'how to' of living by an indwelling Christ. Given these two facts, society will fill tend to the void with the 'hard science' of traditional leadership where the available material is never-ending. Not saying I like it, but just that this is what we're dealing with.
How do we fix this mess? The thing I really appreciate about Frank's books (having read nearly all of them) is that he's not afraid to take a position where the Bible is clear, regardless of how the position diverges from the conventional Christian wisdom. If the majority of Christians would actually swallow the biblical fact that we have the triune God living collectively inside of us AND we collectively trust this fact enough to live it out (read 'faith'), then I think more of us would adopt the biblical model of Christ's leadership. But instead we either (a) ignore/avoid this fact, (b) interpret verses like Galatians 5:25 vastly different than a simple 'straight up' interpretation, (c) see traditional leadership models as a means of 'supplementing' the Sprit's leadership, or (d) don't trust Christ to lead His Body.
George says
Excellent post Frank. Your book Reimagining Church goes into more detail. I like the way you treat the issue of "Covering" in that book. Keep up the good work
David Morgan says
Mr. Viola,
Your post has helped clarify an ongoing conversation in my home informal assembly of 15 years. Within our group is a true brother who once was a "worship leader". He and I have walked together for decades. He like I, believe that we present a sacrifice of praise to the Lord,regardless of emotions, want to, or talent. So then, many times our time together in the assembly is silent. He becomes quite frustrated thinking everyone is waiting for him to start. Having read your blog, I am thinking perhaps we do and should.
I do start a hymn when one occurs to me, but that is generally few and far between. He on the other hand has one begun before the last one has ended. Interestingly, when we started meeting in the 90's our group was mostly 20 to 40 year olds. Our singing was mostly praise and worship style songs. Our group has divided and split off a couple of times since then. Praise the Lord. Now our group is primarily retirement and older. (The youngest is me and my friend and our wives. Mid 50's) The songs we sing are predominately old hymns sung with the same gusto and brokenness that accompanied our praise songs of 15 years ago.
Leadership became a vile word for us many years ago. Perhaps we have carried that peculiar crusade too far and ignored the legitimate right of the Lord to use us how and when it suits Him… and us. Again, we have built boxes for Him. Thanks for the insight.
Frank Viola says
Indeed, Christians fall off one side of the horse or the other when it comes to leadership. It becomes either an idol/obsession for some or a cuss word and toxin to be avoided for others. Both ideas run contrary to NT revelation. So I hope this post helps in re-presenting the subject.
Melissa says
Excellent post! It gives a lot to think about and it's a nice refresher on Reimagining Church. It make sense that people would be more persuasive in their specific areas of gifting and that everyone can and should lead because we are all different. I think we tend to over-complicate things!
Chad Leighfield says
Isn't it a fact that you go for years knowing that something is missing, then God provides the likes of Frank & George Barna along with others, for instance Bill Johnson, and they put into words things that deep down we all know, but have no datum for, and have no way of verbalizing. The reason we know is because the 'teacher' is in us and we get that inner witness, we just know that we know that we know.
Since starting to read the above, my spiritual life has accelerated so much that I'm beginning to know what "they shall soar as eagles" really means. Not that I've achieved that, but at least it's in my vision.
Josh L says
Good job on this article, Frank. Many valuable points that need to be considered.
Nancy says
Good work Frank. I've always had an interest in reading leadership books. One day someone walked into my office at a church where I was employed. She looked at my library of books which were mostly on leadership and said to me "why do you read all those leadership books, when you only work in administration". My comment to her was exactly what you have stated, "As Christians we are all leaders no matter what vocation we choose." About 5 years ago I stopped reading leadership books and picked up my Bible more seriously. It has now become my leadership manual.
Thanks for stretching our minds to contemplate on some of the questions we have grappled with for so long.
Charlotte says
I loved this article. It actually brought healing to me. I am in a church dominated by long-term "leaders". You literally have to claw your way up the leadership ladder to be allowed to do something like lead a small group Bible study. The church leadership course is unnecessarily lengthy and college style material. It has a syllabus–is a semester in length, etc. I moved to help a family member and as a 50 something had to change churches. I immediately asked about how to become involved. However, I found the lectures, studying and memorizing completely overwhelming. Rejection followed when the leadership book accompanying the class listed three pages of "leadership characteristics" and I had none of them. Yet I knew I was supposed to do something. I struggled to finish college–so I feel the church leadership class is possibly above me academically. My husband has a master's degree and he seems to be handling it. He goes to the class and I stay home. I was allowed to teach a few lessons as an apprentice but was kicked out of my home group after I spoke up to the leader privately about some obvious personal problems she was having. I am bold for the Lord, study the Bible daily and have gone on numerous medical missions trips as an LPN.(not associated with my church) I serve in my calling as I have opportunity. I know my place in the body–yet my church has rejected me. I do have good influence among family members. But other than a few friends from church that actually took the time to get to know me, I am stuck as a pew sitter because I didn't make the "leadership grade" at the church. It's a waste of 30 years of a Christian walk. Until I read your article, I couldn't put my finger on what exactly was wrong, but there are a lot of black sheep in my church that aren't allowed to use their gifts and talents because the leadership won't accept them. Now, I know it isn't scriptural. Many thanks. You brought great encouragement to me.
Robyn G says
WOW…you just blew my mind!!! Thank you so much for addressing this nagging issue I have. Outside of traditional church going on 5 years, I still have difficulty letting go of the "authority figures" I've been pointed to in scripture such as "pastor/shepherd." I've come to terms with elders and "deacons" and long ago realized they rarely serve as intended in modern "church." My own father has had to turn down numerous offers to become a deacon. He finds that he is already serving the poor, fatherless, widowed, hungry, more so than the deacon body and understands that the power role played by many is totally out of line with scripture. The picture of being influenced, and allowing the influence of other mature and faithful believers is so clear to me now. This was a huge eye-opener today 🙂 I also love the reminder that no matter what, everyone is almost always influencing others…for good or for bad…good leadership is not about power, visibility or recognition…but is about walking with Christ so that we can responsibly and naturally lead others positively without even knowing it.
fadeke says
What an explanation! Personally, in the process of obeying a church leader and being loyal to him, my focus shifted completely from Christ. I took in all he believed and taught without checking what indwelling Christ had to say. In fact, hearing anything different from what my leader said was impossible.
I'm done with all that. To many, I look like a backslider, but I can say I get to know Christ more. I still have lots of detoxing to do though.
Todd says
Great article and a fantastic, mature exchange between Jim Wright and yourself.
mark says
Is it possible that much of Christianity today is focused on being a leader when it should rather be focused on how to follow an indwelling Christ?
Absolutely. Just check out most of the Christian conferences offered each year. Leadership has possibly even become an idol in the western church. But what good is leadership that is not flowing from a rich fellowship and followership of our living, indwelling Christ? Spiritual maturity comes more by experience in the Lord and His body than by title or book knowledge, and it takes time and patience to build on experience.
The focus on leadership that you describe is unnatural to the body of Christ and ends up burning out untold young believers, many of whom even turn away from the faith. Seems like Jesus and Paul both gave ample warning of this.
Monica says
Totally agree! We are all leaders and should step up and take the gift given to us instead of waiting or pushing someone else to step up and take over for us. I have seen two beautiful souls pushed in to a "leadership" role, one in a religious church setting and one in a home group. Both people were slowly made the focus and in turn less focus was put on Christ. Everyone began looking to that one person instead of to Christ himself for answers and direction. What that person believed was right because it was what that one person believed. People stopped seeking Christ's answer because that one person had them all, whether they were right or wrong. Such a shame, for the person in the role and for the people following. In essence, we cheat ourselves by not taking our roles as leaders. As you put it, "According to the New Testament, all are gifted, all are servants ("ministers"), all are priests, and all have ministry as members of the body. In addition, all are called to be examples of Jesus.". It's a very dangerous time, and I think as believers of Christ we should be more adamant in following Christ example not one of an appointed person.
Alice Spicer says
Something else to consider, people may be gifted for a season or for a particular purpose. That means that he/she is supposed to lead, but that doesn't mean he/she is supposed to continue leading in that area for the rest of his/her life. I think Christians sometimes recognize unique gifting and influence and are so impressed by the good results that they expect it to happen in that same manner again.
For example, yesterday you asked people to share stories that build faith, stories about something God has done, perhaps miraculously. I shared a story about a healing. I confided in a friend from church about what had happened, but I didn't share it openly with everyone, because I didn't want people to think that I had a gift of healing. It was more that God decided to heal, and He wanted the woman with colon cancer to know that her healing was His decision and doing. The friend that I shared the healing story with immediately encouraged me to lay hands on a girl with autism. It made me sad when he responded that way, because he didn't understand that it had nothing to do with me or my will. I have never heard God telling me to say or do anything related to healing since.
Long story short, I think that as "leaders" it is good to recognize the source of any influence we may have on the lives of others, and to be willing to be "ungifted" at any time, should God decide to give us a new assignment.
Pagan Christianity, for me, was a real eye-opener in some areas and confirmation in other areas. I haven't read other books yet, but I will. I don't always agree with everything you say, but your blogs are a good indication that you are gifted with insight in certain matters.
John Mark Boonaerts says
Thanks for your insight. Great observation. Even though we have certain gits, God uses us is various ways.
Nick says
Thank you so much for this post! It is invaluable to the body.
A resounding "yes" to your question. I have witnessed the reality of this "yes" in both my own life and in the lives of many believers with whom I have had the pleasure to have fellowship. Growing up in the institutional church, I was never taught how to seek Christ on my own. I was taught how to read and "study" the Bible and how to be a better Christian. I was never given any vision or practical instruction on knowing and sharing the Lord with brothers and sisters, because I mostly only received from two or three men designated as "leaders". And if I was "mature" enough, then I would be able to lead in ministry myself, and teach OTHER believers how to study the Bible and become better Christians. I didn't know Christ at all as the Body, and I barely even knew him as the Head!
Now that the Lord, by his grace, has freed me from this system, I see it in the lives of many other believers with whom I have grown up. The ideas of "seeking the Lord" and "knowing the Lord" seem like foreign concepts. What is talked about is what we're doing for the Lord and what he's doing for us, like we're in a business relationship with Christ. It's saddening, but I have to remember that what the Lord did in me, he can do in any one of his people. May God continue to free his children from these man-centered structures so that we will be free to know and love him in ways that we've never even dreamed of!
Greg Dressel says
What else is there but, following after Christ Jesus?? I am done following anything but Him. He alone is my hope and joy and as I chase hard after Him, I find people joining me in chasing this One who is incredible. Funny always wanted to be useful to Him but only can be useful to Him as I chase hard after Him!
There are three books I found very helpful of yours Frank. Reimagining Church, From Eternity to Here and Epic Jesus.
Shannon says
Great insights! In answer to your question, "Is it possible that much of Christianity today is focused on being a leader when it should rather be focused on how to follow an indwelling Christ?"
The answer is YES and I can give examples. Most of the popular speakers today talk about leadership and how to be a great leader, I can name them but I won't. But I never hear any of them talk about living by the indwelling life of Jesus. None of them. When I read Jesus Manifesto by you and Leonard Sweet, it was the first time I saw this in the scripture and I've been diving in more ever since.
Mick Smith says
Good stuff!! Leadership is a gift not an office, and it is a gift 'for' the body not 'over' the body. It is also a gift on a level par with every other gift in the body, which are all as important and needed. Once you place leadership as a 'position' in the body you immediately stifle other gifts and make one more important. 'Priesthood of believers' has to be a living reality rather than a very nice idea that we all assent to in theory. Recommend your book "Reimagining Church" [formerly titled "Who is your covering"] for anyone wanting a fuller exposition on this topic. Bless you Frank.
Teena Stewart says
If only more people could grasp this. Think of the impact. Many sit back and wait for the paid clergy to do lead because they don't see themselves as leaders and, after all, isn't that what clergy went to school for?
Sabrina says
Is it possible that much of Christianity today is focused on being a leader when it should rather be focused on how to follow an indwelling Christ?
Oh my! Yes it is. Let's just count the times that church members are invited to attend "leadership seminars" in a year as opposed to "Dwelling in Christ" seminars.
In my experience "leaders" in many churches are always (consciously or unconsciously) on the lookout for "fresh meat". By this I basically mean that anytime someone walks in the door that shows the tiniest bit of responsibility, enthusiasm, or desire to serve, they pounce and recruit them for their particular ministry. Many times this means they give all of their time, talent and treasures to running a program. I must admit that there are years in my past where I did exactly that. I've seen it elsewhere, so I know I'm not the only one. This was a necessary strategy. How else would I replace the volunteers who had either burned out and dropped out? Or the ones who proved to be people of influence and accomplishment who moved up to other more "visible" or "important" work?
Oy vey! I'm glad that I hopped off that train. Now I'm enjoying new freedom in Christ, letting Him set the pace and grow in me and my brothers and sisters the qualities that He desires, as we seek Him together.
Thanks Frank for your words of instruction and encouragement.
Frank Viola says
Sabrina: Thanks so much for answering the key question of the post. You've set a great example here.
Tim says
This is an exquisite article. I can't find any fault with it. I wonder how many "leaders" will share it though. I just ordered your book. The subject intrigues me.
Sherry says
Love this and agree too.
Linda Lindblom says
Thank you for sharing these thoughts! Very helpful!
Marsha says
This informaton has helped me tremendously. In my church body, I see so many people appointed to leadership positions who are far from true leaders. They are appointed due to the tithing they pay and some pay more just to get the position. They only act out what the pastor says and much of it is promoting division.
Dave says
I think this is the best article on leadership I've ever read. Glad you mentioned this was a supplement to your book. I appreciate the detail that Reimagining Church gets into on all of this, it's good that people who haven't read the book yet know this. You are right that each point can have its own book but you did a fantastic job putting the key points in a concise blog. Thanks!
Arthur Sido says
Quite true. Many of the people I see as leaders in the church hold no office or title, are not invited to speak at conferences or paid to write books but are simply serving God and leading by example everyday as they follow Christ. Not everyone leads in the same way but every Christian can be a leader in some way.
Jim Wright says
I agree fully with what you say. What you don't say, however, can be a source of difficulty.
I hope that this is not misconstrued as disagreeing in the least with all the wonderful points you make. It's just that the point which is missing (or at least not clear) is that the many forms and areas of leadership in the Body of Christ includes actual elders – as repeatedly referenced and discussed in the New Testament.
It is hard to avoid the clear fact that discrete elders in a local fellowship did exist in the New Testament, and there are numerous passages discussing their qualifications, role and responsibilities.
Elders, we have learned in our own fellowships, are those who emerge within and from fellowship (rather than the current church planting model of fellowship emerging from leadership) – with a grace and gifting needed to watch over that fellowship. Their role is not rooted in hierarchy, title or "office", but in the respect and esteem they have because of their wisdom, maturity, favor and gifting to act as role models. As such, they have a heightened – but not exclusive – responsibility to protect the flock and guide (i.e., shepherd) through persuasion.
The NT calls these folks "elders" – and in the NT they are always plural within a local congregation. They lead by persuasion, as is true with all believers in the Body of Christ in any given area of ministry or function. But they have a specific role which Paul recognized through the laying on of hands.
Paul either personally returned to the various fellowships he helped start, or sent Timothy, Titus or others back to them, to see who had emerged to function as elders – and then laid hands on them to appoint them as elders. He thus recognized this particular form of distinct leader within the fellowship.
In our own fellowships, we have such people. They, however, don't care about or carry any "title", but they clearly are providing mature guidance (without ever dominating or controlling) and also help create secure environment for others to come forth. They don't need title or office, because their role is clear and recognized by all due to the respect they have. However, if asked who were our elders, I could certainly list them.
Like you, we have learned not to focus first on leadership, but rather on letting Christ in us be expressed among us and through us. Leadership in many areas just naturally happens – including in the area of serving in a fellowship as an elder.
The tragedy today is that someone serving as a true leader never needs to defend some assumed position, title or office. So I am not doing that here. But I am recognizing that there is a proper place for discrete elders in local fellowships.
Anyway, I suspect if you were more clear in acknowledging the proper place and role of elders in a local fellowship – despite the many leadership misuses and abuses common today – it would be easier for those actually living in fellowship to see the wisdom of your writings generally on leadership. Not acknowledging more clearly that in the NT there is a form of leadership within a local fellowship called "elders" can be a stumbling block.
Having elders who serve Biblically does not in the least diminish the sainthood of all believers, or diminish leadership generally among all believers. Elders are just one expression of sainthood and leadership, with a Biblically recognized and defined role to play in the life of a local fellowship.
Frank Viola says
Indeed, I left a ton of things out. The scourge of blog posts. This one was already pushing 1,500 words. The rest is addressed in "Reimagining Church." But elders are mentioned in Point 1 and Point 2. Elders/overseers/shepherds and every other gift and function the NT mentions certain did and still do exist. They are native to the ekklesia.
So we agree. I, like Robert Banks, just don't view them as a *modern office* — by that we mean a sociological construct that has authority independent from the people who populate it, like the "office" of President. Doesn't matter if you have a buzzard or a noble man in the white house, he still wields the authority of the Presidency. The authority is inherent in the office. In the NT, we don't see elders working in that same way.
As Banks points out, the many Greek words for "office" are never used of them or any other function in the church. The spiritual authority they express is by virtue of their wisdom and spiritual insight which comes from growth in Christ's life (hence elders can be translated "seniors" — they were the older, aged ones in the OT). That may be a minor divergence. Even so, I'm glad you agree with the post.
Jim Buchan says
This blog post contains many excellent points, but it is an example of going from one extreme to another. Yes, the church has been much too focused on titles and offices. But it does little good to ignore the vital role that leadership has taken through the pages of Scripture and subsequent history. Arguing about Greek words masks the reality that God typically calls men and women to take initiative and lead His people. Yes, everyone has a sphere of leadership of some kind, but we also need visionary leaders who see the big picture and can mobilize the church to action. Not everyone is gifted like that, but such people are sorely needed today.
Frank Viola says
You're not talking about leadership, but about specific kinds of leadership. Namely, prophets and apostles. Your point would be better made by saying, "The church needs prophets and apostles." Again, the NT is clear that EVERY Christian is a leader in some capacity … every believer is kleros, laos, a minister, a priest, and a member of the body, the Head being Jesus. There are no "extremes" presented here, but instead, a challenge to traditional thinking. The clergy/laity caste system was obliterated in the NT. It's difficult for some to see this since the clergy/laity (leader/non-leader) is in the bloodstream of contemporary Christianity. Time for a blood transfusion. 😉


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The civic synergy project was started in 1997, when I made a deal with the NGO leaders whom I selected for my study : I will facilitate writing workshops for their members to enhance their communication skills. In exchange, they will help me in my research ...
Synergie Civique and
Caravane Civique
While the objective of the Synergie Civique workshops is to initiate members of NGOs to write, that of the Caravane Civique is to initiate them in the art of dialogue and networking.
Actors of Synergie Civique
If you ask what the main common feature is to all the Synergie Civique actors as representatives of a new self-confident Arab citizen who believes in his capacity to transform the world by relying on communication, ...

subset: commoncrawl


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As a Disney animator, his first work was on Pinocchio as the lead animator for the Coachman. Later he directed many projects, including Morris, the Midget Moose, Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom, and numerous cartoons involving Mickey Mouse and especially Pluto.
He also helped with The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh in the last season and animated some scenes of The Walrus and The Carpenter for Alice in Wonderland.
|v - e - d


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The FCC has frequently given us early peeks at upcoming smartphones through their certification documents. Apparently the same thing happens in Brazil, as that country's equivalent of the FCC has shared images of the unannounced Nokia Lumia 830.
Anatel, a Brazilian certification agency, has posted several external photos of the Lumia 830 as well as its user manual. The photos show an all black device with Nokia branding, headphone and microUSB ports on its top, capacitive navigation buttons on its face and a round camera housing on its rear.
The Lumia 830 also shows that it carries the model number "RM-985," and the internals of the phone feature "Microsoft Mobile" branding. Other Lumia 830 features revealed by this listing include a microSD card slot and 4G LTE.
The device shown in these photos looks fairly similar to the white unit that leaked out in early July. If this device is indeed the Lumia 830, it's likely that it'll be a mid-range handset. As for what it's full spec list might be, well, we'll probably learn all of those details at Microsoft's IFA event on Sept. 4.
Via WPCentral, OneDrive: Certificate, User Manual (PDF), External Photos


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It's been a bit quiet around these parts for the past few days because I am been having the time of my life at Alt Summit in Salt Lake City! I just got back yesterday and got sick pretty much as soon as I got on my first airplane of 3. I had a layover from SLC to Spokane, WA, then Spokane to Portland, OR, then Portland to Seattle. A bit ridiculous considering that it takes probably 2 hours to fly from SLC to Seattle. And it takes 4ish hours to drive from Spokane to Seattle OR Portland to Seattle. But it gave me lots of time to decompress and reflect upon my epic adventure at Alt Summit.
Now if there is one thing you can learn about me pretty quickly through spending a day with me in person, its that I am very goofy and love making people laugh. And in my 26 years, I have mastered the art of making funny and/or "interesting" faces. My roommates for Alt: Chelsey, Dayna, and Morgan, all thankfully have a similar sense of humor as me and I think we were laughing the entire time we were at Alt.
The last night of Alt was just a party fest where about 6 different companies held parties in different rooms of one floor of the hotel and one of those rooms was hosted by the super spunky The Girls with Glasses. Of course, as with any blogger event, Smilebooth was there and I got to chat with the pretty miss James of Bluebird's husband Aubrey for a moment when Smilebooth was set up at Alt earlier in the week. My new friends and I took a million photos together at the party where we ended our night of fun. So I've picked out the cream of the crop to share with you :)


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This Trump Ad against Hillary brings up her past when Bill was president.
Using few words, this Trump ad against Hillary brings to mind accusations that she was the enabler while her husband was the predator.
According to the Hollywood Reporter,
take our poll - story continues belowCompleting this poll grants you access to The Constitution updates free of charge. You may opt out at anytime. You also agree to this site's Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.
Trending: Former Australian Politician Gives Life to Christ at 85 After Lifetime of Atheism
On Monday, Donald Trump released over social media his newest attack ad against Hillary Clinton which focuses on her husband, former President Bill Clinton.
Along with the ad, the presumptive GOP presidential candidate asks: "Is Hillary really protecting women?"
The black and white spot runs for about 20 seconds and features women's voices, including Juanita Broaddrick, who accused Bill Clinton of rape. Bill Clinton is shown with a cigar in his mouth. The ad ends with Hillary laughing and the words: "Here we go again?"
In a Dateline NBC interview that aired in February 1999, Broaddrick talked about Clinton in 1978, then Attorney General of Arkansas, sexually assaulting her.
In a particularly emotional part of her interview, Broaddrick describes the aggressive way Clinton was allegedly kissing her while she was trying to ward off his advances.
"He starts to bite on my top lip and I try to pull away from him," Broaddrick said in the interview. This is the exact segment Trump uses in his new attack ad.
Perhaps this should cause us to take a moment to reflect on the past—not just the Clinton White House or the Clinton Secretary of State, but the presidential races of 2008 and 2012. Did John McCain or Mitt Romney show even half as much interest in defeating Barack Obama?
In fact, Mitt Romney showed much more eagerness when he attacked Donald Trump.
Say what you will about Donald Trump, at least he wants to defeat the Democrats. This is one reason why he is overtaking Hillary. It is also why the predictions of "experts" that Trump cannot beat Hillary are probably inaccurate. They haven't imagined how Trump might campaign against the Clintons. In this case, the fact that Trump is not like other Republicans means that his prospects are not like those of other Republicans.


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There is a lot involved in organizing an event. You have to think of a location, the publicity, ticket sales, bookings, administrative processing, authorization, security, logistics and so on.. iStar will help you take care of all the details in an effective manner. We can help you with many practical matters and we can appeal to our contacts in the entertainment industry. Furthermore, we will support you in brainstorming ideas for any event and help you arrive to a clear objective. The more targeted and specific you proceed, the better we able envision your expectations.
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Our goal is to further expand iStar in the coming years and increase our customer base in this sector. Do you have an idea for an event and do you need help to organize? Please feel free to contact us. You can also approach us if you want to use our artist's mediation and booking options.
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text: Sent a package yesterday and it got to the destination today, turns out to be fraud. It is not the Nigeria thing, just within the country. Is there any way I can get it back? What is the likelihood of getting it back if I fill out the form? And can the postman go back to the house to get it back?


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BEIJING, June 18. /TASS/. Russia and China maintain a constant dialogue on all the aspects of their bilateral strategic relations, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said at a meeting with his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi on Sunday.
"All the aspects of our multifaceted strategic relations are covered by a constant dialogue," Russia's top diplomat said.
"Today, there is a good opportunity to look at the state of bilateral ties, at how the agreements reached by our leaders are fulfilled and, of course, to prepare for tomorrow's session of BRICS [Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa] foreign ministers," Lavrov said.
Contacts between Russia and China are maintained at various levels very intensively, Lavrov noted.
"Last month, you were in Moscow and then we met quite recently in Astana. Our leaders also maintain quite regular and intensive relations," Russia's top diplomat said.
Such active interaction is needed in the contemporary world, the Russian foreign minister said.
"As you noted quite rightly, the situation in the world requires constant attention. It is unstable and largely unpredictable," Lavrov said, addressing his Chinese counterpart.
"And it is very important for us, of course, to do everything to ensure that the fundamentals of international law and the UN Charter remain the main instruments of building relations between countries and peoples," Lavrov said.
Russia's foreign minister arrived in Beijing on Sunday to take part in the meeting of BRICS foreign ministers. The foreign ministers from the BRICS association will exchange their views on issues of the international agenda, including the situation in Syria and Afghanistan.


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British film-makers ask: What is the hidden cost of your £2 latte?(David Smith)
WAKE-UP CALL; Two British brothers have struck a global nerve with their low-budget documentary about the inequities of the international coffee trade. Your skinny latte will never taste the same again.
It threatens to... shock consumers into thinking again about what they are buying... Starbucks is now spearheading a public relations counter-attack(Ben Hoyle)
'Blood Diamond' and 'Black Gold' are just the latest in a recent glut of movies dealing with the supply chain.(Ann Hornaday)
Starbucks has gone on a charm offensive telling its customers 'you can feel good about drinking Starbucks coffee(Ashley Seager)
Bean counters; Vices of coffee trade and coffee house: exploiting the growers, sleeping in Starbucks, quackery and gabbling(Bee Wilson)
Storm in a coffee cup: Coffee expose Black Gold riled multinationals in the US and is now raising awareness in the UK. Chris Evans speaks to film-makers Marc and Nick Francis about taking on the world's second largest export industry.(Chris Evans)
Rising Stars; Marc and Nick Francis - Filmmakers(Emma Love)
Black Gold is the best film on trade policy you are likely to seeLeader
Wake Up and Smell the coffee - a new generation of filmmakers is rebelling for a causeJeff Dawson
Starbucks stirred by fair trade film: Representative of Ethiopian farmers to meet Blair as expose of industry releasedAshley Seager
Black Gold is the latest in a growing genre of documentary films shaking up the business world.
40 under 40; Britain is buzzing with a generation of charismatic young faces who are reshaping the nation. Derren Gilhooley introduces the New Establishment.Derren Golhooley


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This stunningly illustrated book of poems offers an armchair journey into the wildest reaches of the north woods. Moose, wolves, bears, and even the lowly mosquito are among its subjects. Described with vivid and sometimes harsh imagery and appropriate sounds, the animals almost leave the printed page and take on shapes of their own.
It's difficult to read ''The Black Bear,'' for instance, without conjuring up the vision of a great somber beast lumbering its way through the wild. ''The Bear's black bulk/ Is solid sulk,'' Hughes writes. ''He mopes with his nose/Between his toes.''
There is more than a touch of awe in these poems that celebrate even the cruelest or most laughable aspects of the natural world. Often complex subjects are treated with an unflinching eye, and older children will enjoy the poetry more than the very young.
Leonard Baskin's handsomely colored drawings are a fine complement.


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This gripping memoir of former FBI Art Crime agent Robert K. Whittman is a thrilling ride into the underbelly of the stolen art market. From the streets of Paris to expensive yachts off the Florida coast, Whittman tracked some of the most sensational stolen art.
Whittman's career is the vehicle for the book and that alone would be a worthwhile read. Add in criminals, art dealers who knowingly trafficked stolen or illegal goods, a few international mobsters and some of the most notorious art heists and you have one terrific story.
As an art enthusiast, I found the facts of the cases fascinating. As a crime buff, I learned a few new things about art theft and the underworld. As a writer, I enjoyed the intricate twists and turns of the crimes and subsequent investigations. If you're interested in art or crime or the FBI or police work in general, this book will give you something to keep you interested and you'll learn a few new things along the way.
If you've read The Gardener Heist by Ulrich Boser you have to read this book by Whittman & Shiffman – Whittman was one of the guys who worked on tracking down the paintings that were taken from the Isabella Stewart Gardener Museum in Boston. There's even some new information on I.S.G. herself that was interesting because I've already read Boser's book. Together, the two books give a fascinating account of the heist. Boser's focus was on the crime, and Whittman focused on the effort to recover the paintings.
I devoured this book. I bought it because of the Gardener connection, but the earlier cases were just as interesting and the investigations were fascinating – especially when they involved more than one law-enforcement agency. It's nice to know bureaucracy is everywhere…


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|01323 724 312
Born in British waters in 1987, Animal has taken inspiration from its board sports heritage to become a leading lifestyle brand. Combining a passion for adventure and a creative outlook, Animal designs authentic clothes and accessories, creating on-trend collections for those who share a free spirited mindset.
Mon-Fri: 9.00-5.30pm
Sat: 9.00-6.00pm
Sun: 10.00-4.30pm
There are currently no vacancies.


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Dropbox has announced a new experimental build of Dropbox that Adds Import from iPhoto, Screenshot to Dropbox, Faster Upload/Downloads, and more.
Since we're so close to finishing up 2.1.x we wanted to give you a sneak peek at what we've been working for the 2.3.x line. So here are four new features that will hopefully make Dropbox a boon to your productivity.
New in 2.3.12
● Screenshot to Dropbox
● Move to Dropbox
● Import from iPhoto
● Much faster upload/download speeds for large files
● Screenshot to Dropbox is only supported on Windows and Mac. To trigger it just take a screenshot using Print Screen on Windows or on Mac see here
● Move to Dropbox is a context menu item that will show up for most files or folders outside of your Dropbox.
● Import from iPhoto is only supported on Mac with iPhoto 7.0 or higher. It will show up as a notification in your tray menu if you have photos in your iPhoto library. Your iPhoto albums and events will also be created as Dropbox albums (viewable on the web).
You can download the new build from the links below...
● Windows: https://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/17/Dropbox%202.3.12.exe
● Mac OS X: https://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/17/Dropbox%202.3.12.dmg
● Linux x86_64: https://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/17/dropbox-lnx.x86_64-2.3.12.tar.gz
● Linux x86: https://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/17/dropbox-lnx.x86-2.3.12.tar.gz
Read More [via MacStories]
New Experimental Build of Dropbox Brings Much Faster Uploads/Downloads, iPhoto Import
Dropbox has announced a new experimental build of Dropbox that Adds Import from iPhoto, Screenshot to Dropbox, Faster Upload/Downloads, and more.


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Jay Rutherford passed his PhD General Exam in the Mechanical Engineering department making him officially a PhD candidate. Excellent work, Jay! Next stop -- thesis defence!
Open Position: Acting Assistant Professor or Postdoctoral Scholar in Point-of-Care Rapid Immunoassay for Small Molecules
Open Position: Acting Assistant Professor or Postdoctoral Scholar in Nucleic Acid based Point-of-Care Diagnostics
Amanda Levenson has been awarded the UW Society of Women Engineers Outstanding Female Award and the Mary Gates Leadership Scholarship!
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical published Yin's paper on Bioinspired flexible microfluidic shear force sensor skin
Charlie worked with Megan Cartwright and Prof. Kavanagh (UW-Nanotoxicology Center) to show the oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammatory responses of carbon nanotubes-Link
Mark Borysiak presents his work at UW-ChemE Distinguished Young Scholars Seminar Series (DYSS)
The competitive CoMotion Mary Gates Innovation Scholars summer internship program offers selected students an opportunity to participate in work with faculty-led UW Startup initiatives.
Congrats !!
Andrew Bender was awarded the Institute of Translational Health Science Predoctoral fellowship
Lab on a Chip published Mark's review on Translating Diagnostic Assays from the Laboratory to the Clinic
Charlie worked with Leanne M. Gilbertson (University of Pittsburgh) and Julie B. Zimmerman (Yale University) to show the mechanisms of action in shape dependent behavior of CuO nanoparticles and their toxicological responses–link.
Collaborative work by Charlie and Prof. Posner published in Environmental Science Nano
Mark and Kevin published their work on Nucleic Acid detection using Isotachophoresis and Loop-mediated isothermal amplification in Lab on a Chip
Charlie, Jay and Mark published their work on colorimetric detection of catalytic reactivity of nanoparticles in complex matrices in ES&T
Babak and Kelly published their work on improvement in detection limit of lateral flow assays using isotachophoresis in Analytical Chem
UW Chemical Engineering has recognized Charlie Corredor with the Faculty Lecture Award. The Faculty Lecture Award is based on the overall scholarly nature and productivity of the student. Charlie gave an award lecture to students and faculty on this work on Environmental and Toxicological Nanotechnology. Charlie has published 11 papers and has an h-index of 8.
UW Chemical Engineering has recognized Mark Borysiak with the ACES Graduate Symposium Award. The Association of Chemical Engineering Graduate Student award is given to the student who gave the top presentation at a recent ACES symposium.
Four primary awards were given out at the event ceremony.
Congratulations to Charlie and Mark!
Babak and Kelly published their work on Isotachophoretic Preconcenetration on Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices in Analytical Chem
Dr.Moran & Prof. Posner published a work on the Role of solution conductivity in reaction induced charge auto-electrophoresis
Mark and Evgenia published a simple, low-cost styrene-ethylene/butylene-etyrene microdevices for electrokinetic applications in Analytical Chem
- • Demonstrate a high level of experimental and hardware skills
- • Collaborate effectively as indicated above to develop innovative concepts for testing
- • Have received a PhD in Mechanical, Aerospace, or Chemical Engineering or related field
- • Publish results in high-impact journals
- • Show evidence of excellent oral and written communication skills
read more about this.
Jonathan Posner co-chairs 2013 Gordon Research Conference in Physics & Chemistry of Microfluidics
Nathan publishes paper on the diffusivity of nanomotors in PRE
Mark develops process for micromolding biocompatible microfluidics devices
Charlie Corredor publishes paper on disruption of artificial cell membranes by carbon nanotubes
William Walker's image of a liposome and its interaction with engineered nanomaterials was selected as the cover image of the journal Langmuir. Babak Moghadam's work was featured on the cover. Congrats William.


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If there was one place I'd never expected my outwardly boring, sedentary life of languages would lead me, it was to Mount Fuji for a night I almost didn't walk away from.
From April to August 2009 I studied at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto. Though it was my second time studying in Japan, the length of my first trip, only one month, had left me unable to experience much of the Japan I'd wanted to see. By the end of this second trip, however, I'd visited Hokkaido, Shikoku, and rural Kyoto Prefecture with a competitive yosakoi dance team. I'd experienced Tokyo long enough to know it was not my cup of tea, and Hiroshima long enough to feel guilty about being an American. And still it never occurred to me to visit the sacred mountain, until some of my dorm mates invited me along.
The six of us departed immediately after the university's semester completion ceremony: Brian, the mastermind behind the trip; Michelle, his girlfriend; Kevin and Zealyn, an adorable but non-athletic couple; Miho, our Japanese friend and guide; and me, the complete mountain-climbing novice. We had little time to prepare. As early in the evening as possible I shed my yukata and biked home from the ceremony in shorts and a tanktop. The backpack I'd borrowed from a friend revealed itself to have much less room inside than appeared, and beyond the necessary toiletries and a light coat I dithered about what to pack. On Brian's advice, I added a change of clothes, a light sweater, a two-liter bottle of Pocari Sweat sport drink, and a ziploc bag of cereal.
The idea to consult the internet for other mountain climbing essentials never crossed my mind.
My part of the journey began with Miho and a very long walk to the Hanazono train station, where we met the others and took the train to Fujinomori. This station, despite the name, was still in Kyoto, just south of Fushimi Inari. From there, a private bus drove us overnight to the mountain. Knowing it would be suicide to climb under the influence of sleep deprivation, I tried to make myself comfortable during the journey, but soon watched the dawn creep in with no idea whether I'd slept at all. With the lightening of the sky the bus turned uphill, leaving behind the little wooden houses on the outskirts of Fujinomiya City. Except for the road, there were no signs of human invasion here; only trees with trunks as dark as forest earth and leaves as green as gems, and beneath them a carpet of bright green scrub. A mist lingered all around us even as dawn passed into the fuller light of morning.
Around seven we pulled up in a broad parking lot filled with hikers, a few other buses, and a number of crewmen in orange uniforms. This was Go-goume, or the Fifth Station of ten on the way to the summit. Toward the outside of the plateau was a three-story building of the style one might expect from a Swiss mountain lodge. Beside it stood a more modern unit that boasted "green tea" and "food." We went into the first and discovered it was a souvenir shop, but didn't linger long. Brian, not just the leader but also the most experienced mountaineer among us, wanted to get a good lead early in the climb so that we'd have nothing to worry about later.
"It should take us seven hours to get up and about four hours to get down," he said. "That's what they say. Just keep in mind is that the bus leaves at eight tonight, and if we're not on it we're screwed."
Though it was misty enough that we couldn't see the trail more than fifty feet away, let alone any part of the mountain above our heads, I spent the first hour or so in perfect serenity. The trail was wide and easy, the forest silent, my friends and fellow hikers cheery. Every few minutes a traveler would come down the black trail on horseback. The trees grew horizontally from the sloping earth and bent and twisted as they reached over each other into abyss. Despite their bizarre appearance, I thought the whole scene beautiful.
After a while the trees grew scraggly, then disappeared altogether and left us in a strange wasteland. Here, the bare mountain had been carved into and was held up by thick walls of rust-colored rebar, grids of steel, and steps formed by wooden slats to keep the ground level. This path zig-zagged across the unfortunate mountain face. Underfoot we were sometimes lucky enough to have dirt strewn with pebbles, sometimes troubled by a full layer of slippery, fist-sized rocks. Oddly enough the vegetation began to return in the form of little green shrubs as we came upon the Sixth Station, where we took our first rest and waited for Kevin and Zealyn to catch up.
Though later parts of the climb were more memorable, the Sixth Station definitely had, in my opinion, the grandest view on the whole mountain. The sun came out at last, allowing me to remove my sweater and enjoy the fresh air. Sitting on a wooden bench at the very edge of the station, Michelle and I looked over the railing to see the top of a cloud just above our heads. Its bottom hung low over the trail below us, and it was then that I realized what we'd been walking through the whole time — not fog, but pure, ozone-filled clouds.
I made the mistake of expressing my discovery to Brian, who got a good laugh out of it. He and Kevin loved to mock me for being a flat-lander and a tropical freak — in other words, Floridian. Most amusing to them was the fact that my fingernails literally turn blue in anything less than seventy degree weather. In fact, I still wonder if some amount of sadism helped inspire their invitation to me for this trip.
(To be continued.)


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Originally posted by Corruption Exposed
reply to post by jude11
You might be on to something Jude...I will decide once I get home.
Some people switch their avatars up to 5 times a day but that's just not my style, but perhaps it's finally time for an avatar change as you have mentioned.
Stay tuned
Originally posted by DerepentLEstranger
reply to post by Corruption Exposed
lol once again "you are the corruption!"
salmon aside,
those bows are NOT manly
and remember the role of ridicule and caricaturization in these here parts.
have a F&S at texans expense [lol, and he could use a truckload of them]
Originally posted by Murgatroid
I refuse to put pink sunglasses' on my Igor...
I have another one that has you, Assad, and Ahmadinejad in totally consentual group activity.
Originally posted by SonoftheSun
reply to post by tvtexan
I have another one that has you, Assad, and Ahmadinejad in totally consentual group activity.
Pics or it didn't happen...
Originally posted by haven123
what does the tv stand for?


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You've never looked at the list of drivers available in an operating system before buying components to run it?
Not when the OS I primarily run is Linux.
Plus the rare occasion I have some hardware that doesn't work (eg onboard NIC when I was running a Solaris home server), I usually have some spare components laying about that I can swap around. But it's very very rare I'm ever in that kind of situation.
Sometimes it's also nice running the more obscure OS's on officially unsupported hardware as it helps their hardware testing.
Personally though; the only pre-built systems I buy are laptops, and as I don't game (or rather play hardware intensive modern games), I don't even worry about the state of graphics drivers on Linux.
I do get a great deal 2nd hand gear from family and friends who have upgraded their computer. As many of them tend to buy computers from high street stores - restrictions like the Win8 secure booting would still have a massive impact on me. It essentially means a lot of hardware would no longer be recyclable.
Edited 2012-01-13 17:55 UTC
I know that this is a side note to the main argument, but I want to thank Laurence, as well as all those who help out the Linux/BSD/Solaris community with hardware testing.
I submit regular test results for Solaris 10 x86, using quite a motley array of systems and peripherals, because hardware testing is utterly lacking compared with Windows, and even Red Hat Linux. Most of the IT departments I have either worked in, or consulted with, look down upon OSes with a lacking HCL, and will not consider one of them (usually this concerns integration with legacy hardware, or brand spanking new systems).
Thank you again.....because this kind of 'grunt work' helps influence both IT professionals, as well as management who are wary of committing to anything foreign (OS-wise). For irrespective of the non-Windows OS of your choice, anything that would make it more palatable for the corporate and home user alike, is an honorable goal that is worth attaining.


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Guest post by Raj Dutt, Internap
Last week's OpenStack: Breaking into the Enterprise event made one thing clear: the battle for the public cloud is just beginning, and enterprises are starting to see open-source cloud software OpenStack as a worthy challenger.
Today, three and a half years after OpenStack's inception, it's easy to forget that it was a defensive move, made at a desperate time. Rackspace needed a weapon to defend against the tidal force of Amazon Web Services. It realized that even as a multibillion-dollar company and a leader in the hosting world, it could not go it alone in the transition to public cloud.
Today, the OpenStack Foundation has more than 200 members, and there is an amazing amount of activity and interest in OpenStack clouds from enterprise customers. At the last week's event in Mountain View, I was taken aback by some of the deployment stories and plans from companies like PayPal, eBay, Best Buy, and PARC (a Xerox company) to implement OpenStack across enterprise infrastructures. Comcast is running X1 on OpenStack, and IO is using the open-source software to power its public cloud.
I shouldn't be surprised. Three and a half years in, and the core elements of OpenStack, along with its packaging and distributions, have gotten quite solid. In 2011, my company, Internap, launched one of the earliest commercial OpenStack public-cloud services, and we've since seen a wide range of vendors deliver everything from services (such as Solinea) to turn-key products (such as Nebula) around enabling OpenStack.
Generally, these offerings have been related to private-cloud deployments. Contrary to the opinions of the clouderati, this is a very real and viable option for enterprises looking to deploy cloud. The recent attention being paid to OpenStack by the likes of IBM, HP, and Red Hat will almost definitely result in more focus on these lucrative enterprise customers, which will pay big dollars to get even close to the levels of agility and automation of public cloud.
OpenStack can make internal IT — already fearful of disintermediation — into superheroes. These private-cloud deployments could be cause for concern for VMware. Software that costs more than the servers themselves can be a bitter pill to swallow. Public-cloud providers would scoff at the idea of those economics, and enterprises are starting to do the same now that they have real commercial support options for OpenStack at their fingertips.
For public cloud providers, this private-cloud activity just helps to build the overall OpenStack ecosystem. Each OpenStack-based private cloud that is deployed is a future hybrid cloud and an enterprise customer that will appreciate the interoperability that OpenStack offers. These customers will eventually be attracted to OpenStack-based public clouds in the same way enterprises started warming up to Linux and avoiding lock-in.
At last week's event, former NASA chief technology officer Chris Kemp predicted that eventually even Amazon would support the OpenStack application programming interfaces (APIs). While that sounds provocative, it makes sense, especially if interoperability and openness start becoming more important to consumers of cloud infrastructure.
Raj Dutt is senior vice president of technology at Internap.


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Journalists Killed in 2011 - Motive Confirmed: Lucas Mebrouk Dolega
|Committee to Protect Journalists
|Publication Date
|20 December 2011
|Cite as
|Committee to Protect Journalists, Journalists Killed in 2011 - Motive Confirmed: Lucas Mebrouk Dolega, 20 December 2011, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/4f045a99c.html [accessed 21 October 2018]
|This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States.
European Pressphoto Agency
January 17, 2011, in Tunis, Tunisia
Dolega, 32, died from head injuries suffered while covering the massive January 14 protests that led to the ouster of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. The photographer was struck in the head by a tear gas canister fired by security forces, according to news reports. He died "carrying out his passion and his job," his family said in a statement announcing his death.
Dolega began working for the European Pressphoto Agency in 2006, covering assignments as varied as armed conflict, arts, culture, politics, and sports. He was dispatched to Tunisia to cover the burgeoning civil unrest, EPA Deputy Editor-in-Chief Frank Bengfort told CPJ.
On its website, EPA published a collection of works by Dolega, along with a remembrance of the photographer: "Lucas walked into our Paris office in April 2006. A young man who above all wanted to become a photojournalist, Lucas' passion was the image. He was driven by his need to cover major conflicts. He grew in those four years to become a thorough professional. And he did so with a total sense of decency. Based in Paris, he also covered politics, protests, and fashion in Europe. In 2008 he covered the situation in the Congo."
Dolega believed that "the closer, the better," EPA said. "His last pictures, transmitted by his colleagues after his injury, make us proud, as does his entire body of work."
|Print, Internet
|Beats Covered:
|Local or Foreign:
|Type of Death:
|Dangerous Assignment
|Suspected Source of Fire:
|Military Officials


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Centre For World Mental Health
Psychological issues, along with severe problems together with Minor disorders, categorised up to over a hundred species variety and sort. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (PRWEB) February 26, 2009- Michael J. Tillman, CSHO, founding father of Amdecon and a pacesetter and master teacher within the crime and trauma scene biorecovery decontamination business, introduced right now that each one profits from Amdecon services and training will likely be donated to the Suicide Aftercare Association to assist grieving families after a suicide.
One from every four people in Britain is attributable to mental sickness. News about psychological health and issues, together with commentary and archival articles published in The New York Occasions. Your stress continues to be there, even though you don't feel it. Discover an activity that separates your mind from your physique, as is possible by means of sure relaxation strategies corresponding to shiatsu, meditation and visualization.
The doctor or psychological health professionals … Read more


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The smell of gun smoke. The sounds ringing in your ears.
Size: 24x16
Paper: We use Metallic paper for our posters. Metallic paper features a unique pearlescent surface that offers sharp details and beautifully saturated colors. Plus, metallic is strong - resistant to tearing and curling without any additional lamination. This paper uses a patented combination of film and laminate layers that result in striking, three-dimensional, lasting images on an ultra-bright background.
© 2018 Budle Hall B&B | Bamburgh Bed and Breakfast Accommodation | Northumberland Coast. All rights reserved.


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The Enterprise Europe Network is made up of some 600 organisations across more than 50 countries. It opens the door to a comprehensive store of business information and potential partners, helping business in Northern Ireland increase their competitiveness, become more innovative and collaborate at an international level.
The Enterprise Europe Network in Northern Ireland is hosted by Invest NI.
We provide access advice, information and collaboration opportunities in these areas:
To find out more about Enterprise Europe Northern Ireland and how it can help your business, visit enterprise-europe.co.uk, call us on 0800 181 4422 or fill in the online enquiry form.
Not sure that this support is right for you? Contact us and we can explore options for your business together.
Our support may be subject to some eligibility criteria.


text: BTX will replace the 7 or so year old ATX form Factor, and with that change comes a new Graphics standard. x16 PCI Express will replace the current standard AGP. The following paragraph is from www.anandtech.com about the new motherboard layout, and standards. These changes are set to take place during 2004 "Graphics in BTX The vast majority of BTX form factors will see PCI Express based graphics as the choice of video card in these systems. ATI has already announced that they will be releasing a native PCI Express video card once the standard becomes available in platforms. Although you can have multiple widths of PCI Express buses, graphics will use a x16 PCI Express implementation that offers 8GB/s of bandwidth." This increase in bandwidth from 2.1GB/s to 8GB/s, will no doubt aid graphic intensive tasks like games and image rendering. Will Apple follow suit or stick with the AGP bus? One thing that stands out above all else though is that the layout closely resembles that of the single processor G5 boards, especially with the heat sink design. And the strong focus on quiet coolong A final word It will take quite a while before the death of ATX; and although we've done a lot to get rid of the "beige box" the final nail in the coffin of boring computers will be driven by BTX.


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This item from Turn of the Century Antiques is now SOLD.
More from Turn of the Century Antiques
20" Kling 128 Parian doll having molded blonde hair decorated with a molded black comb and blue glass paperweight eyes, circa 1870. Exposed ears with lovely gold enamel earrings.
The wide shoulder plate has 3 sew holes, front and back. The shapely antique cloth body has sewn jointing at the hip and knee, as well as leather lower arms. The doll wears an antique blue and white checked cotton dress with red trim, perfectly styled for her age. She has antique red leather shoes and cotton stockings, as well as antique underclothes.
Incised on the back of her shoulder-plate "128 and a 7". There is a tiny chip on the back and the front of her shoulder-plate that we will show in a picture. The chip on the back also has a very tiny 1/8" hairline going up from it. Almost impossible to see in a picture as you do have to use a magnifier to see it.
From a non smoking environment.
If you were the pending buyer of this item, go to My Account to view, track and check payment for this item.
20 Inch Antique Kling Parian doll molded hair with comb Blue PW eyes Antique dress
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Turn of the Century Antiques
Dolls and toys are our passion at Turn of the Century Antiques.
We have a brick and mortar doll shop in Denver, Colorado and we are proud members of NADDA. Call or visit anytime!