text:
Commercial Electrical Outlets Company - Installation in Ohio
Do you need some electrical work done for your outlets? Ohio has many commercial electrical outlets installation companies to choose from. However, not all electrical companies are the same. Many electrical outlets specialists aren't licensed and lack the proper training and certification needed for safe and effective electrical work. If you want to hire an electrician you can depend on to give you high quality work at a fair price then you should go with us. Our electrical outlets company uses licensed, highly experienced electrical outlets specialists so you will always get dependable electrical work.. When you choose us you will get commercial electrical outlets installation you can rely on at inexpensive prices. Simply fill out our quick contact form, and we will get back to you with a custom quote.


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Get behind the helm of a beautiful Bénéteau Oceanis 50 Family and sail around Aegean like never before! She's not
only gorgeous but she's also comfortable, and the perfect place to spend your next vacation.
Member since November 2015
Providing unforgettable experiences out on the water is my specialty, and I look forward to sharing my love of boating with my customers!
Usually this boat operates around Aegean, TR.
Plan your sailing holidays from Šibenik, Croatia - a well-protected natural harbor located in the center of the Dalmatian coast. Rent a boat and explore the old town of Sibenik, or choose a sailing charter to the charming Primošten, Croatia. Hop on your sailboat and cruise along the Krka river and have a day of fun at the waterfalls in the national park. Don't miss your chance to visit some of the most beautiful islands in the Adriatic sea: Žirje, Kaprije and Kakan.

subset: commoncrawl


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|Send News. Want a reply? Read this. More in the FAQ. News Forum - All Forums - Mobile - PDA - RSS Headlines Twitter
There's a big sale on the Origin Store celebrating the first anniversary of the launch of EA's online store. They are offering a 40% discount on several PC digital download special editions. Also, MCV notes a Q&A from last week on GameSpot with EA's David DeMartini, who calls the service's first year "a huge success." He also offers a criticism of Origin's stickiness, saying this is something they need to address going forward. "Being self-critical of Origin, I would say it's not sticky enough. And we want to put features in place where we fully take advantage of your friends lists and gameplay activities amongst all of your friends so you can compare achievements," he says. "We want you to be able to challenge your friends, and to challenge your friends to play other EA games to try and achieve things that might even be across EA games. A lot of people are loyal to us and we need to reward them with that stickiness, so we're looking in that direction."
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text:
The Home of Fashion Film and Live Fashion Broadcasting
Report by Kiki Georgiou on 17 September 2012.
If you thought purple was 'in' last season, Johansson would now like you to turn your attention to lilac. And if you were getting the feeling that vertical stripes were 'the thing' well, he'd agree with you.
Acne show shocker: closing song is a cover of dancing queen! #lfw @acneonline JC http://t.co/YxcWHMBF
Cara Delevingne au défilé #Acne #LFW http://t.co/yMsBh6w3
Motifs and lots of leather (leather collars are our favourite! To the floor skirts galore! #LFW #Acne
ACNE SS13: Bovver boots. RG #LFW http://t.co/mJfeNQOk
Models in stripes walk to a rock remix of ABBA's Knowing Me, Knowing You. It's a Scandinavian thing! #LFW
We've seen lots of bondage and leather for SS. Looks like this sexy trend is here to stay #Acne #LFW
Never underestimate the power of hot waiters serving pre-show cocktails. Acne is already one of my favorite shows and it hasn't even started
The fitting of the Acne spring/summer 2013 show
You can always rely on Acne to have hot guys serving drinks at the show #LFW http://t.co/jje3i59e
'Love me tender'. Elvis sets the mood @acneonline #LFW
Top shop,Acne,Jonathan saunders and Phillip Tracey today #LFW


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Community Environmental Center EcoHouse
Monday, March 25, 2013
10:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.
This event repeats every week on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday between 3/16/2013 and 4/5/2013.
Please note: This event has already taken place. Please use the Search options on the right to find upcoming events.
The Community Environmental Center EcoHouse, a mobile, free, environmental education exhibit, will be at storm-damaged Inwood Hill Park through April 5. Fun as well as educational, the EcoHouse is an ideal experience for both youngsters and their parents. Wall signs explain all the displays, but to really get the full EcoHouse effect, listen to CEC's expert guides, or bring your cell or smart phone and listen to the audio guide.
Hours are Mondays through Fridays, 10:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. for school groups; and 3:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. and Saturday, 11:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m., for the general public (But walk-ins are welcome at any time!). For more information about how to visit the EcoHouse, or to arrange a group tour, contact Katherine Gloede, email@example.com.
Event Organizer
Community Environmental Center


text:
ults from
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Executive Summary
The Adult Tobacco Survey, conducted by the Oklahoma State Department of Health in
cooperation with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2004 and 2008, shows
strong and increasing support for entirely smokefree policies so that all workers and the public
will be protected from secondhand tobacco smoke exposure inside all public places and indoor
workplaces, including all restaurants and bars.
Smokers demonstrated the greatest increases in support over this four-year span, which
included the transition in 2006 from unprotected smoking areas in restaurants, showing more
widespread change of social norms concerning smokefree policies and broadened acceptance
of entirely smokefree indoor environments.
Key findings include the following:
• There is very strong support for entirely smokefree indoor workspaces.
o 79.5% of indoor workers believe smoking should not be allowed at all inside
indoor work areas (2008).
• Support for entirely smokefree workplaces increased significantly between 2004 and
2008, especially among smokers.
o 61.0% of smokers employed indoors support entirely smokefree indoor work
areas (2008), an increase of almost one third from 47.2% support among these
smokers four years earlier (2004).
o Regarding restaurants specifically, support among all smokers for totally
smokefree restaurants more than doubled between 2004 and 2008, from 21.8%
to 45.7%.
Secondhand Smoke at Indoor Workplaces and Public Places in
Oklahoma: Results from the Adult Tobacco Survey, 2004 and 2008
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a mixture of the smoke given off by the burning end of a
cigarette, pipe, or cigar, and the smoke exhaled from the lungs of smokers. There are 4000
chemicals released into the air when tobacco is burned, many of which are harmful to human
health and more than 50 are carcinogenic.1,2 In 1981 the first reports of non-smoking spouses
of heavy smokers being diagnosed with lung cancer emerged.3 Since then, many investigations
have linked secondhand smoke to heart disease, stroke, asthma, SIDS, and other cancers,
including bladder and kidney cancers. In 2000, the National Toxicology Program officially
classified secondhand smoke as a known human carcinogen.2
Significant scientific evidence has amassed in recent years documenting the adverse effects
of secondhand smoke on children and adults, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases
in adults, and adverse respiratory effects in both children and adults. The 2006 report of
the Surgeon General, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, provided a detailed
review of the epidemiologic evidence on the health effects of secondhand smoke, concluding
that SHS causes premature death and disease in children and in adults who do not smoke, and
that there is no risk-free level of exposure to secondhand smoke.4
A recent report of the Institute of Medicine further established that exposure to SHS
increases the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attacks.5 In addition, the immediate
benefits of smokefree policies were highlighted. The IOM report reviewed evidence from 11
different studies demonstrating a decrease in the incidence of heart attacks after smokefree
public policies were implemented. Decreases in the incidence of heart attacks ranged from 6%
to 47%, and the committee concluded a causal association between smokefree laws and
decreases in heart attacks.
The goal of this report is to provide current data on SHS attitudes among both smokers and
nonsmokers in Oklahoma, in hopes that policymakers and others will use the evidence in their
decision-making process to advance protections from the harmful components of secondhand
The data analyzed in this report come from the Adult Tobacco Survey (ATS) conducted in
Oklahoma in 2004 and 2008 using telephone survey methodology. Sample sizes for the 2004
and 2008 Adult Tobacco Surveys were 1530 and 3000, respectively. The analyses were
performed using Proc Survey freq in SAS version 9.1. Percents and 95% confidence intervals
are presented in table format. The data were weighted to represent the population of Oklahoma
with weights created by CDC. Additional information was obtained from previously published
reports and research on secondhand smoke and health.
Data were examined by smoking status. Smokers were defined as respondents who had
smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes and who currently smoke some days or all days. In the
tables, nonsmokers include never smokers as well as former smokers. When cell sizes
contained five or fewer responses, data were not shown. When appropriate, data are presented
overall, and for nonsmokers and smokers separately.
Attitudes about Secondhand Smoke Policies
Attitudes were examined among Oklahomans regarding smokefree policies in indoor work
areas, restaurants, and bars. As might be expected, attitudes toward smokefree policies were
different among smokers and nonsmokers; thus, this section summarizes these attitudes
overall, and for these two groups separately.
Indoor work areas
Attitudes about smokefree policies in indoor workplaces are reported in Table 1 for
employed Oklahomans in 2004 and 2008. Only ATS respondents who indicated they worked
indoors were included in this analysis. Overall in 2004, nearly 78% of Oklahoma indoor workers
supported entirely smokefree indoor workplaces. Support was strongest among nonsmokers
(86.7%) as compared to smokers (47.2%). Support for totally smokefree indoor workplaces
increased somewhat in 2008, with 79.5% of Oklahoma indoor workers responding that smoking
should not be allowed at all in indoor workplaces. Notably, support for entirely smokefree indoor
workplaces increased dramatically among smokers from 2004 (47.2%) to 2008 (61.0%).
Table 1. Support for smokefree policies in indoor workplaces among indoor workers in Oklahoma,
overall and by smoking status, ATS 2004 and 2008
2004 2008
StatusΩ N
N Percent
Upper N
N Percent
Allowed in all areas Overall 9 15802 1.4 0.2 2.6 19 49546 4.6 1.3 8.0
Smoker * * * * * 13 42165 15.6 3.7 27.5
Nonsmoker 6 8929 1.1 0.0 2.3 6 7381 0.9 0.0 2.2
Allowed in some areas Overall 121 227234 20.8 16.4 25.1 112 169536 15.9 11.3 20.5
Smoker 62 123688 50.0 38.8 61.1 48 63181 23.4 12.7 34.1
Nonsmoker 59 103546 12.2 8.4 16.1 63 98233 12.4 7.5 17.4
Not allowed at all Overall 460 851818 77.8 73.4 82.2 754 848539 79.5 74.2 84.8
Smoker 66 116897 47.2 36.2 58.3 106 164767 61.0 46.3 75.7
Nonsmoker 393 733549 86.7 82.7 90.7 647 683555 86.6 81.6 91.7
° Question asked was "In indoor work areas, do you think smoking should be allowed in all areas, some areas, or not at all?"
CI = Confidence Interval.
* Indicates the cell had less than six responses.
2004 Sample size=596 indoor worker respondents; Missing/don't know/not sure = 6
2008 Sample size=899 indoor worker respondents; Missing/don't know/not sure = 14
Smoker plus Nonsmoker totals may not equal Overall sample size because of missing smoking status.
Indoor dining areas of restaurants
In 2006 all restaurants in Oklahoma became smokefree, except for those that built specially
ventilated smoke rooms. Consistent with what other states have shown,6 support among
Oklahomans for entirely smokefree indoor dining areas increased among all groups following
the 2006 law (Table 2). Interestingly, support among smokers doubled from 21.8% in 2004 to
45.7% in 2008. Among nonsmokers, support also increased from 68.2% in 2004 to 75.1% in
2008. Overall, support for a totally smokefree indoor dining areas in restaurants increased from
58.0% in 2004 to 67.2% in 2008. All of these increases in the support for smokefree policies in
indoor dining areas are meaningful and statistically significant, as indicated by the non-overlapping
confidence intervals.
Table 2. Support for smokefree policies in indoor dining areas of restaurants in Oklahoma, overall
and by smoking status, ATS 2004 and 2008
2004 2008
Status N
N Percent
Upper N
N Percent
Allowed in all areas Overall 35 52580 2.0 1.2 2.8 49 62789 2.3 1.1 3.5
Smoker 9 11772 2.1 0.5 3.7 28 44953 6.3 2.4 10.3
Nonsmoker 26 40808 2.0 1.1 3.0 21 17836 0.9 0.1 1.7
Allowed in some areas Overall 558 1036524 39.9 36.5 43.3 909 824552 30.5 27.1 33.9
Smoker 213 431714 76.1 70.2 82.1 315 340084 48.0 39.5 56.4
Nonsmoker 342 599213 29.8 26.3 33.3 589 474819 24.0 20.5 27.4
Not allowed at all Overall 911 1506247 58.0 54.6 61.4 2010 1814419 67.2 63.7 70.6
Smoker 74 123469 21.8 15.9 27.6 227 323857 45.7 37.1 54.2
Nonsmoker 833 1373145 68.2 64.6 71.8 1773 1487528 75.1 71.6 78.6
° Question asked was "In the indoor dining area of restaurants, do you think that smoking should be allowed in all areas, some
areas, or not allowed at all?"
CI=Confidence interval
2004 Sample size = 1530; Missing/don't know/not sure = 26
2008 Sample size = 3000; Missing/don't know/not sure = 32
Smoker plus Nonsmoker totals may not equal Overall sample size because of missing smoking status.
Table 3 shows the level of support for different approaches to limiting secondhand smoke
exposure in bars among Oklahomans in 2008. (These questions were not asked on the 2004
ATS.) Nearly three-quarters of Oklahomans (74.7%) responded that bars should be either totally
smokefree or smokefree except for specially ventilated smoking rooms. Only about one-quarter
(25.3%) of Oklahomans support allowing smoking throughout in bars. Even among smokers,
more than half (53.1%) support totally smokefree bars or smokefree except for specially
ventilated rooms.
Table 3. Support for laws making bars smokefree in Oklahoma, ATS 2008
Status N
N Percent
Allow smoking in all areas Overall 484 585706 25.3 21.3 29.3
Smoker 218 292587 47.0 37.6 56.3
Nonsmoker 265 292719 17.4 13.7 21.2
Smokefree except for separately ventilated smoking rooms Overall 672 648279 28.0 24.5 31.5
Smoker 178 222125 35.7 27.1 44.2
Nonsmoker 488 416074 24.8 21.3 28.3
Totally smokefree Overall 1299 1079413 46.7 42.8 50.5
Smoker 95 108098 17.4 12.0 22.7
Nonsmoker 1200 970253 57.8 53.6 62.0
° Question asked was "Do you support a law that would make bars smokefree; that is eliminating all tobacco smoke from bars?"
CI=Confidence interval
Sample size = 3000; Missing/don't know/not sure = 545
Smoker plus Nonsmoker totals may not equal Overall sample size because of missing smoking status.
Anticipated bar and casino visits
Oklahomans were also asked about their anticipated change in frequency of bar and casino
visits if smoking was not allowed inside these locations (Tables 4 and 5). As expected, smokers
and nonsmokers responded differently to these questions. Among smokers who ever go to
bars, 24.5% reported they would visit bars less frequently if smoking was not allowed inside
these locations (Table 4). However, 18.5% of nonsmokers who ever go to bars reported that
they would visit bars more frequently if smoking was not allowed inside these locations. It is
important to remember that nonsmokers comprise nearly 75% of the adult population.
Table 4. Anticipated frequency of bar attendance if smoking was not allowed inside these
locations in Oklahoma (among those who ever go to bars), ATS 2008
status N
N Percent
Less Overall 66 98989 10.1 6.1 14.1
Smoker 57 84778 24.5 13.7 35.4
Nonsmoker 9 14211 2.3 0.2 4.4
More Overall 106 125951 12.9 9.0 16.8
Smoker 6 10776 3.1 0.0 6.3
Nonsmoker 100 115175 18.5 12.9 24.0
No Difference Overall 495 753890 77.0 71.6 82.4
Smoker 122 249950 72.3 61.0 83.7
Nonsmoker 370 494694 79.3 73.4 85.1
° Question asked was "If there were a total ban on smoking in bars, would you go out more, less, or would it make no difference?"
CI=Confidence interval
Sample size=674; Missing/don't know/not sure = 7
Smoker plus Nonsmoker totals may not equal Overall sample size because of missing smoking status.
A similar trend was seen with anticipated casino visits (Table 5). Among smokers who ever
go to casinos, 20.0% reported they would visit casinos less frequently if smoking was not
allowed inside these locations. However, among nonsmokers who ever go to casinos, nearly
one-quarter (23.9%) reported they would visit casinos more frequently if smoking was not
allowed inside. Again, it is important to note that nonsmokers outnumber smokers in Oklahoma
three to one.
Table 5. Anticipated frequency of casino attendance if smoking was not allowed inside these
locations in Oklahoma (among those who ever go to casinos), ATS 2008
status N
N Percent
Less Overall 68 75610 7.7 4.4 11.1
Smoker 63 71278 20.0 10.9 29.0
Nonsmoker * * * * *
More Overall 162 159253 16.2 12.0 20.5
Smoker 6 10459 2.9 0.0 7.4
Nonsmoker 156 148793 23.9 18.1 29.7
No Difference Overall 664 745616 76.0 70.9 81.2
Smoker 181 275083 77.1 67.2 87.0
Nonsmoker 479 468857 75.4 69.5 81.2
° Question asked was "If there were a total ban on smoking in casinos, would you go to casinos more, less, or would it make no
CI=Confidence interval
* Indicates the cell had less than six responses.
Sample size=903; Missing/don't know/not sure = 9
Smoker plus Nonsmoker totals may not equal Overall sample size because of missing smoking status.
From 2004 to 2008, attitudes toward smokefree policies changed among Oklahomans, with
trends toward increasing support for policies to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke in
indoor worksites and public places. Studies have demonstrated that as stronger smokefree
policies are enacted, attitudes and compliance in support of such policies increase over time,
especially among smokers.6 Data from the ATS in Oklahoma show that following the statewide
law ending smoking in restaurants in 2006 except in special smoking rooms, attitudes in favor of
entirely smokefree restaurants without the possibility of smoking rooms increased significantly
among both smokers and nonsmokers. The implications of these findings, and those from other
states,7-9 support the hypothesis that the policy process itself can contribute to changing social
norms and attitudes to be more accepting of secondhand smoke regulations. Furthermore,
smokefree policies have also been shown to motivate smokers to quit or cut back on the
number of cigarettes smoked, with entirely smokefree policies more effective in this regard than
policies with exemptions such as those allowed under Oklahoma's laws.10
Data from the ATS not only demonstrate high levels of support for current smokefree
policies in this state, but they also indicate that Oklahomans would be supportive of stronger
policies to further reduce exposure to secondhand smoke. Only about one-quarter (25.3%) of
Oklahomans support allowing smoking throughout bars, which is the current policy for stand-alone
It is also important to note that among nonsmoking Oklahomans who frequent bars and
casinos, nearly all report that their frequency of visits to bars and casinos would either not
change or would increase, if smoking were not allowed at all inside these locations.
These results highlight some of the positive changes in attitudes among Oklahomans from
2004 to 2008. Policy changes should continue to protect the public and all workers from
secondhand smoke by implementing entirely smokefree laws for all public places and indoor
workplaces. In doing so, increased public support and continued changes in social norms will
likely follow.
1. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Tobacco Smoking and Involuntary
Smoking. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, vol. 83. Lyon,
France: IARC, 2002.
2. National Toxicology Program. Report on Carcinogens. Eleventh Edition. U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program, 2005.
3. Zhong L, Goldberg MS, Parent ME, Hanley JA. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
and the risk of lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Lung Cancer 2000;27(1):3-18.
4. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects:
Making Sense of the Evidence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010.
5. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of
InvoluntaryExposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General—Executive
Summary. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2006.
6. Hyland A, Higbee C, Borland R, Travers M, Hastings G, Fong GT, Cummings KM. Attitudes
and beliefs about secondhand smoke and smoke-free policies in four countries: findings from
the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey. Nicotine Tobacco Res. 2009 Jun;
7. Brooks , D. R. , & Mucci , L. A. Support for smoke-free restaurants among Massachusetts
adults, 1992 – 1999 . American Journal of Public Health. 2001; 9:300 – 303.
8. Tang , H. , Cowling , D. W. , Lloyd , J. C. , Rogers , T. , Koumjian , K. L. , Stevens , C. M. , et
al. Changes of attitudes and patronage behaviors in response to a smoke-free bar law
.American Journal of Public Health. 2003:93:611 – 617 .
9. Albers , A. B. , Siegel , M. , Cheng , D. M. , Biener , L. , & Rigotti , N.A. Relation between
local restaurant smoking regulations and attitudes towards the prevalence and social
acceptability of smoking: A study of youths and adults who eat out predominantly at restaurants
in their town. Tobacco Control. 2004; 13:347 – 355 .
10. Fichtenberg CM, Glantz SA. Effect of smokefree workplaces on smoking behavior: a
systematic review. British Medical Journal 325; 188-191, 2002.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
T 500.3 J748 2004 c.l
THOMAS E. KEMP, JR., Chairman
JERRV JOHNSON, Vice-Chairman
CONNIE IRBV, Secretary-Member
October 1, 2004
Honorable Brad Henry, Governor
Office of the Governor
212 State Capitol Building
Oklahoma City, OK 73105
Dear Governor Henry:
Pursuant to the provisions of Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 82 (2004), the Oklahoma Tax
Commission and the Oklahoma Corporation Commission hereby submit the enclosed report of a
joint study conducted on elimination of duplication in oil and gas industry reporting.
The Tax Commission and Corporation Commission held several meetings with the oil and gas
industry to discuss the pros and cons of a central reporting system. The report is a product of those
meetings, containing findings and recommendations, and is hereby submitted to the Governor,
Speaker of the House of Representatives, President Pro Tempore of the Senate, and the Minority
Leaders of the House and Senate.
Cordially, Cordially,
CC; Honorable Larry Adair
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Honorable Cal Hobson
President Pro Tempore of the Senate
Honorable Todd Hiett
Minority Leader of the House
Honorable James Williamson
Minority Leader of the Senate
and the
Pursuant to the provisions of Senate Concurrent Resolution 82 (2004),
the Oklahoma Tax Commission and the Oklahoma Corporation Commission
conducted a joint study on elimination of duplication in oil and gas industry
reporting and development of a joint, central system for gathering
information necessary for the needs of both agencies.
In preparation of this report, the Tax Commission and Corporation
Commission created a Steering Committee to oversee and give direction to
the study. Each agency appointed two agency representatives and two
industry representatives. The Steering Committee members were as follows:
Tax Commission Appointees:
Tom Kemp, Chairman
Larry Shropshire, Administrator
John McDougal, Enogex, Inc.
Bob Wilkinson, IBM Business Consulting
Corporation Commission Appointees:
Jeff Cloud, Commissioner
Tim Baker, Acting Director of the Oil and Gas Conservation Division
Greg Small, Chesapeake Energy
Patrick Cobb, Toklan Oil & Gas
The Steering Committee conducted several meetings which both agencies
and the oil and gas industry attended and participated in discussions on the
pros and cons of a central reporting system.
The following report is a product of those meetings, containing findings
and recommendations, and is hereby submitted to the Governor, Speaker of
the House of Representatives, President Pro Tempore of the Senate, and the
Minority Leaders of the House and Senate.
Reports to the Tax Commission
The Tax Commission is responsible for collection of gross production
taxes from the sale of oil and gas produced in this state. In fulfilling that
responsibility, the Tax Commission registers tax remitters and provides
returns for the taxpayer to report and remit these taxes. The following
returns were reviewed in the study:
Gross Production Monthly Tax Report (Form 300-R)
Form 300-R is used to report and remit the gross production tax due. The
report is filed on a monthly basis and the tax remitter reports the tax due by
lease. The report is required to be filed by the first purchaser of the oil or
gas; however the operator may file the report instead. The tax remitter must
also break down the production volume reported by county.
Form 300-B
Form 300 B is a county summary form that is filed by each remitter of
gross production tax. The summary form is a component of the gross
production tax report that summarizes the volume, value and gross
production tax remitted for oil and/or gas produced and purchased in each
Form 320-A
Form 320-A is a report filed by the operator of a newly completed well
wherein the first sale of oil and/or gas is imminent. The information
provided on the 320-A includes well name, API number, lease legal
description, producing formation, well classification and purchaser
information. The key function of the 320-A form is the assignment of the
aTC production unit number (PUN), which is the lease identifier, used in
the reporting of gross production tax.
Form 320-C
Form 320-C is a report filed by the operator of an existing lease notifying
the aTC that a change has occurred in the lease status, such as a change of
operator, formation, legal description, plugging, or a change more specific to
the remittance of gross production tax, such as a change of purchaser.
Form 320-U
Form 320-U is a report filed by operators of unitized properties who
incorporate secondary and tertiary methods of recovery.
Reports to the Corporation Commission
The Corporation Commission is responsible for the regulation of
activities associated with the exploration and production of oil and gas. In
fulfilling that responsibility, the Commission requires the registration of oil
and gas wells and the reporting of volumes produced. The following reports
and forms were reviewed in the study:
Form 1004/1005
These two forms are used by the Commission to receive reports on the
production of oil and gas. Form 1004 is filed by persons responsible for
operating the required gas meter for each well showing the amount of gas
that passed through the meter. Form 1005 is filed by purchasers and/or
transporters of oil showing the taking of oil from leases.
Form 1002A
Operators file a complete well record on Form 1002A after completion of
operations to drill, recomplete, or re-enter a well, or to convert a well to
injection or disposal.
Form 1003
Form 1003 is to be completed by the owner or operator of a well that is
plugged. The form is to be submitted to the Corporation Commission within
30 days of plugging the well.
Form 1073
Form 1073 is filed by new operators to notify the Corporation
Commission of change of operator of any oil, gas, injection or disposal well.
Duplicate Reporting by the Oil and Gas Industry
A review of the reports listed above identified areas wherein the oil and
gas industry reports the same information to the Tax Commission and the
Corporation Commission. A review of the duplicated elements reported is
provided below and on the following pages:
OCC Form 1002A and OTC Form 320A share the following elements:
Entity Name
Product Class
Date of First Production
Lease Name
Increased Density Order Number
County Name
Spacing Order Number
OTC Production Unit Number
API Number
OCC Form 1073 and OTC Form 320C share the following elements:
Current Operator Name
Current Operator OCC Number
Current Well Name
New Operator Address
New Operator Fax Number
New Operator Name
New Operator OCC Number
New Operator Phone Number
Oil Purchaser
Original Well Name
OTC Production Unit Number
Production Formations
OCC Form 1003 and OTC Form 320C share the following elements:
Operator Name
Operator Address
OTC Production Unit Number
Plugging Date
Well Name
Lease Legal Description
Reason for Plugging
Current Computer Operating Systems Used by the Agencies
A study into the creation of a joint, centralized system of reporting by the
oil and gas industry to the Tax Commission and the Corporation
Commission required a review of the current computer operating system
used by each agency and a determination of compatibility of the two
A review of the computer operating systems revealed that the Tax
Commission gross production tax system is based on "vsam" files using
CICS online and batch processing. The system was first put online in 1981
and much of that same system is still in place. The system also uses
magnetic tapes recording production history records as reported to the Tax
Commission. The Tax Commission reporting system is based on the lease
and its corresponding production unit number (PUN). .
The Corporation Commission has a Cobol-based system using "vsam"
data files. The information is loaded into the primary system, which is an
Oracle-based system. The Corporation Commission reporting system is
based on the individual well and its corresponding American Petroleum
Institute (API) number.
To accomplish any sharing of data or combined reporting between the
two agencies requires a system that would correlate the API number with the
PUN. Currently, the two systems have no way to interact because of this
lack of correlation.
The Steering Committee requested and received oil and gas industry
comments regarding what changes, if any, are desired with respect to
requirements to report to the two agencies and its concerns for a central
reporting system. Excerpts from these comments are included herein:
• Representatives of the Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association
expressed the following concerns:
• They are opposed to any proposal that would put an
administrative burden on operators of oil and gas wells that are
currently not reporting any information to the Tax Commission
or the Corporation Commission;
• The OTC and OCC should internally resolve system
communications issues and that resolution should be
transparent to the oil and gas industry; and
• Redundant reports and forms should be reduced and other
forms should be eliminated where possible by the
implementation of a new system that allows communication
and interaction between the agencies.
• Representatives of the Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association
expressed the following concerns:
• Any change in the present reporting system would require a
change in the systems employed by the oil and gas industry.
Even if the change were to combine reports filed with the two
agencies, the change would cost the industry to change their
systems accordingly.
• That the Tax Commission should eliminate the requirement for
a filing of a Form 320C when there is a change in purchaser,
and that the Tax Commission should eliminate the requirement
that those tax remitters who are listed as purchasers by the
operator must file zero returns on leases for time periods when
the purchaser did not purchase any oil or gas.
• A system should be developed to give the oil and gas industry
easier access to information available by statute to the public.
To eliminate any duplication of reporting by the oil and gas industry, the
Corporation Commission and the Tax Commission must be able to share
information. As stated above, the Tax Commission reporting system is based
on the lease and the production unit number (PUN) while the Corporation
Commission reporting is based on the individual well and the American
Petroleum Institute (API) number. To get the two systems to interact, there
must be a table or program created to correlate the API number with the
PUN number. An attempt by the two agencies to accomplish this task for
tens of thousands of wells would take an enormous amount of personnel
To accomplish this task, it will be necessary to create a database that
allows the Tax Commission and the Corporation Commission to trace an
API number to the corresponding PUN. It may be possible to complete the
database by obtaining information from companies that specialize in storing
oil and gas industry data. The information must include the API number and
the PUN. The oil and gas industry could be asked to help verify the data or
ensure that the database is complete. Once completed, the system would
allow the two agencies to assign wells to leases.
The following advantages for the industry and the agencies were
• Even though there would not be a "central database" for reporting, there
could be combined reporting once the two systems could interact.
Currently, both agencies require registration for new wells (OCC Form
1002A and OTC Form 320A), reporting of a change of operator (OCC
Form 1073 and OTC Form 320C), and reporting of a plugging of a well
(OCC Form 1003 and OTC Form 320C). These forms could be combined
to one form that the industry could file in a web-based electronic filing
that would be transmitted to both agencies.
• Further, the ability to share information may allow each agency to
eliminate some reporting requirements.
• The new database system could also streamline the filing of incentive
rebates with the Tax Commission. Currently, operators must carve out
qualifying wells from each lease. Under the new system, the operator
would simply report the API number to the Tax Commission, which then
could trace it back to the corresponding lease.
1. The Tax Commission develop a program to correlate the American
Petroleum Institute (API) numbers assigned to individual wells by
the Corporation Commission with the Production Unit Numbers
(PUN) assigned to individual leases by the Tax Commission;
2. The Corporation Commission provide to the Tax Commission a
database of API numbers assigned to individual wells;
3. The Tax Commission contact companies that specialize in the storing
of oil and gas industry information to evaluate the feasibility of
obtaining or purchasing the necessary data to trace the API number
to the corresponding PUN;
4. The oil and gas industry cooperate with the Tax Commission and the
Corporation Commission to verify the information in the completed
database and ensure that the information is complete. The Tax
Commission and the Corporation Commission will pursue all
reasonable avenues to minimize any burden on the oil and gas
5. The Tax Commission and the Corporation Commission cooperate to
explore means to combine oil and gas industry reports filed with the
two agencies, so as to eliminate unnecessary duplicate filing of
information, and thereafter maintain that system;
6. The Tax Commission and the Corporation Commission continue
their efforts to provide alternative means to file reports or returns
electronically, including the use of web-based applications; and
7. The Tax Commission and the Corporation Commission endeavor to
make information from the database available to the oil and gas
industry and the general public through the Internet.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
McNastyism is the religion in where the followers believe that Becker is god!This religion dates back to ancient times and was first established on the Isle of Bekker, an island neighboring the lost city of Atlantis! Becker is thought to be the lost god of sex and violence in greek mythology but due to his controversial behavior the greek people feared him and wrote him out of there history! The havok armada of the isle of Bekker later recovered the McNasty Gospels just south of Atlantis and soon after found the Book of Mastercox and the commandments of weaver completing the holy trinity of McNastyism!The religion then was lost for several years until the time of the salem witch hunts where an alleged witch discovered the location of the 3 books and then in the early 90's a pbs film crew discovered some relics of beckers while searching for atlantis! Now McNastyism is an increasingly popular religion! Well known followers of McNastyism include; Matt Becker, Kyle Cox, Kenton Weaver, The cast of Bio-Dome,over half of Hollywood, and The Trix Rabbit who is a high preist!
Theologian: What religion do you practice?
Theologian: ah yes very good! Me too my son!
Guy at the porn shop: McNastyism duh!
Theologian: ah yes very good! Me too my son!
by matt-becker April 06, 2009
buy the domain for your foodie blog


text:
Past Selected Articles
Archived past selected research articles
May 2014Sven Ka ̈lber, Andreas Dewald, Steffen Idler - Forensic Zero-Knowledge Event Reconstruction on Filesystem Metadata
- Lecture Notes in Informatics P-228,2014
- http://subs.emis.de/LNI/Proceedings/Proceedings228/331.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Sven Ka ̈lber, Andreas Dewald, Steffen Idler
Title : Forensic Zero-Knowledge Event Reconstruction on Filesystem Metadata
In : Lecture Notes in Informatics -
Address :
Date : 2014
Abstract: Criminal investigations today can hardly be imagined without the forensic analysis of digital devices, regardless of whether it is a desktop computer, a mobile phone, or a navigation system. This not only holds true for cases of cybercrime, but also for traditional delicts such as murder or blackmail, and also private corporate investigations rely on digital forensics. This leads to an increasing number of cases with an ever-growing amount of data, that exceeds the capacity of the forensic experts. To support investigators to work more efficiently, we introduce a novel approach to automatically reconstruct events that previously occurred on the examined system and to provide a quick overview to the investigator as a starting point for further investigation. In contrast to the few existing approaches, our solution does not rely on any previously profiled system behavior or knowledge about specific applications, log files, or file formats. We further present a prototype implementation of our so-called zero knowledge event reconstruction approach, that solely tries to make sense of characteristic structures in file system metadata such as file- and folder-names and timestamps.
May 2014Hurley, Ryan, Prusty, Swagatika, Soroush, Hamed, Walls, Robert J., Albrecht, Jeannie, Cecchet, Emmanuel, Levine, Brian Neil, Liberatore, Marc, Lynn, Brian, Wolak, Janis - Measurement and Analysis of Child Pornography Trafficking on P2P Networks
- Proceedings of the 22Nd International Conference on World Wide Web pp. 631--642, Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland,2013
- http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2488388.2488444
BibtexAuthor : Hurley, Ryan, Prusty, Swagatika, Soroush, Hamed, Walls, Robert J., Albrecht, Jeannie, Cecchet, Emmanuel, Levine, Brian Neil, Liberatore, Marc, Lynn, Brian, Wolak, Janis
Title : Measurement and Analysis of Child Pornography Trafficking on P2P Networks
In : Proceedings of the 22Nd International Conference on World Wide Web -
Address : Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland
Date : 2013
Peer-to-peer networks are the most popular mechanism for the criminal acquisition and distribution of child pornography (CP). In this paper, we examine observations of peers sharing known CP on the eMule and Gnutella networks, which were collected by law enforcement using forensic tools that we developed. We characterize a year's worth of network activity and evaluate different strategies for prioritizing investigators' limited resources. The highest impact research in criminal forensics works within, and is evaluated under, the constraints and goals of investigations. We follow that principle, rather than presenting a set of isolated, exploratory characterizations of users.
First, we focus on strategies for reducing the number of CP files available on the network by removing a minimal number of peers. We present a metric for peer removal that is more effective than simply selecting peers with the largest libraries or the most days online. Second, we characterize six aggressive peer subgroups, including: peers using Tor, peers that bridge multiple p2p networks, and the top 10% of peers contributing to file availability. We find that these subgroups are more active in their trafficking, having more known CP and more uptime, than the average peer. Finally, while in theory Tor presents a challenge to investigators, we observe that in practice offenders use Tor inconsistently. Over 90% of regular Tor users send traffic from a non-Tor IP at least once after first using Tor.
June 2013Gessiou, E., Volanis, S., Athanasopoulos, E., Markatos, E.P., Ioannidis, S. - Digging up social structures from documents on the web
- Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2012 IEEE pp. 744-750,2012
- BibtexAuthor : Gessiou, E., Volanis, S., Athanasopoulos, E., Markatos, E.P., Ioannidis, S.
Title : Digging up social structures from documents on the web
In : Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2012 IEEE -
Address :
Date : 2012
We collected more than ten million Microsoft Office documents from public websites, analyzed the metadata stored in each document and extracted information related to social activities. Our analysis revealed the existence of exactly identified cliques of users that edit, revise and collaborate on industrial and military content. We also examined cliques in documents downloaded from Fortune-500 company websites. We constructed their graphs and measured their properties. The graphs contained many connected components and presented social properties. The a priori knowledge of a company's social graph may significantly assist an adversary to launch targeted attacks, such as targeted advertisements and phishing emails. Our study demonstrates the privacy risks associated with metadata by cross-correlating all members identified in a clique with users of Twitter. We show that it is possible to match authors collaborating in the creation of a document with Twitter accounts. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to identify individuals and create social cliques solely based on information derived from document metadata. Our study raises major concerns about the risks involved in privacy leakage due to document metadata. http://cis.poly.edu/~gessiou/reports/metadata.pdf
Jan 2013Joel Young, Kristina Foster, Simson Garfinkel, Kevin Fairbanks - Distinct Sector hashing for Target Detection
- IEEE Computer , December 2012
- BibtexAuthor : Joel Young, Kristina Foster, Simson Garfinkel, Kevin Fairbanks
Title : Distinct Sector hashing for Target Detection
In : IEEE Computer -
Address :
Date : December 2012
Using an alternative approach to traditional file hashing, digital forensic investigators can hash individually sampled subject drives on sector boundaries and then check these hashes against a prebuilt database, making it possible to process raw media without reference to the underlying file system.
Aug 2012Omar Choudary, Felix Grobert, Joachim Metz - Infiltrate the Vault: Security Analysis and Decryption of Lion Full Disk Encryption
- , August 2012
- http://eprint.iacr.org/2012/374.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Omar Choudary, Felix Grobert, Joachim Metz
Title : Infiltrate the Vault: Security Analysis and Decryption of Lion Full Disk Encryption
In : -
Address :
Date : August 2012
With the launch of Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), Apple has introduced a volume encryption mechanism known as FileVault 2. Apple only disclosed marketing aspects of the closed-source software, e.g. its use of the AES-XTS tweakable encryption, but a publicly available security evaluation and detailed description was unavailable until now.. We have performed an extensive analysis of FileVault 2 and we have been able to find all the algorithms and parameters needed to successfully read an encrypted volume. This allows us to perform forensic investigations on encrypted volumes using our own tools. In this paper we present the architecture of FileVault 2, giving details of the key derivation, encryption process and metadata structures needed to perform the volume decryption. Besides the analysis of the system, we have also built a library that can mount a volume encrypted with FileVault 2. As a contribution to the research and forensic communities we have made this library open source. Additionally, we present an informal security evaluation of the system and comment on some of the design and implementation features. Among others we analyze the random number generator used to create the recovery password. We have also analyzed the entropy of each 512-byte block in the encrypted volume and discovered that part of the user data was left unencrypted.
Mar 2012
Robert J. Walls, Brian Neil Levine, Marc Liberatore, Clay Shields - {Effective Digital Forensics Research is Investigator-Centric}
- Proc.\ USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Security (HotSec) , August 2011
- http://prisms.cs.umass.edu/brian/pubs/Walls.hotsec.2011.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Robert J. Walls, Brian Neil Levine, Marc Liberatore, Clay Shields
Title : {Effective Digital Forensics Research is Investigator-Centric}
In : Proc.\ USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Security (HotSec) -
Address :
Date : August 2011
Many technical mechanisms across computer security for attribution, identification, and classification are neither sufficient nor necessary for forensically valid digital investigations; yet they are often claimed as useful or necessary. Similarly, when forensic research is evaluated using the viewpoints held by computer security venues, the challenges, constraints, and usefulness of the work is often misjudged. In this paper, we point out many key aspects of digital forensics with the goal of ensuring that research seeking to advance the discipline will have the highest possible adoption rate by practitioners. We enumerate general legal and practical constraints placed on forensic investigators that set the field apart. We point out the assumptions, often limited or incorrect, made about forensics in past work, and discuss how these assumptions limit the impact of contributions.
March 2012Balasubramaniyan, Vijay A., Poonawalla, Aamir, Ahamad, Mustaque, Hunter, Michael T., Traynor, Patrick - PinDr0p: using single-ended audio features to determine call provenance
- Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer and communications security pp. 109--120, New York, NY, USA,2010
- http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1866307.1866320
BibtexAuthor : Balasubramaniyan, Vijay A., Poonawalla, Aamir, Ahamad, Mustaque, Hunter, Michael T., Traynor, Patrick
Title : PinDr0p: using single-ended audio features to determine call provenance
In : Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer and communications security -
Address : New York, NY, USA
Date : 2010
The recent diversification of telephony infrastructure allows users to communicate through landlines, mobile phones and VoIP phones. However, call metadata such as Caller-ID is either not transferred or transferred without verification across these networks, allowing attackers to maliciously alter it. In this paper, we develop PinDr0p, a mechanism to assist users in determining call provenance — the source and the path taken by a call. Our techniques detect and mea- sure single-ended audio features to identify all of the applied voice codecs, calculate packet loss and noise profiles, while remaining agnostic to characteristics of the speaker's voice (as this may le- gitimately change when interacting with a large organization). In the absence of verifiable call metadata, these features in combina- tion with machine learning allow us to determine the traversal of a call through as many as three different providers (e.g., cellular, then VoIP, then PSTN and all combinations and subsets thereof) with 91.6% accuracy. Moreover, we show that once we identify and characterize the networks traversed, we can create detailed fin- gerprints for a call source. Using these fingerprints we show that we are able to distinguish between calls made using specific PSTN, cellular, Vonage, Skype and other hard and soft phones from loca- tions across the world with over 90% accuracy. In so doing, we provide a first step in accurately determining the provenance of a call.
Jan 2012
Vrizlynn L.L. Thing, Tong-Wei Chua, Ming-Lee Cheong - Design of a Digital Forensics Evidence Reconstruction System for Complex and Obscure Fragmented File Carving
- Computational Intelligence and Security, International Conference on 0:793-797, Los Alamitos, CA, USA,2011
- BibtexAuthor : Vrizlynn L.L. Thing, Tong-Wei Chua, Ming-Lee Cheong
Title : Design of a Digital Forensics Evidence Reconstruction System for Complex and Obscure Fragmented File Carving
In : Computational Intelligence and Security, International Conference on -
Address : Los Alamitos, CA, USA
Date : 2011
Dec 2011
Baier, H., Breitinger, F. - Security Aspects of Piecewise Hashing in Computer Forensics
- IT Security Incident Management and IT Forensics (IMF), 2011 Sixth International Conference on pp. 21 -36, may 2011
- BibtexAuthor : Baier, H., Breitinger, F.
Title : Security Aspects of Piecewise Hashing in Computer Forensics
In : IT Security Incident Management and IT Forensics (IMF), 2011 Sixth International Conference on -
Address :
Date : may 2011
Although hash functions are a well-known method in computer science to map arbitrary large data to bit strings of a fixed length, their use in computer forensics is currently very limited. As of today, in a pre-step process hash values of files are generated and stored in a database, typically a cryptographic hash function like MD5 or SHA-1 is used. Later the investigator computes hash values of files, which he finds on a storage medium, and performs look ups in his database. This approach has several drawbacks, which have been sketched in the community, and some alternative approaches have been proposed. The most popular one is due to Jesse Kornblum, who transferred ideas from spam detection to computer forensics in order to identify similar files. However, his proposal lacks a thorough security analysis. It is therefore one aim of the paper at hand to present some possible attack vectors of an active adversary to bypass Kornblum's approach. Furthermore, we present a pseudo random number generator being both more efficient and more random compared to Kornblum's pseudo random number generator.
August 2011
Robert Beverly, Simson Garfinkel, Gregory Cardwell - Forensic Carving of Network Packets and Associated Data Structures
- Digital Investigation 8,2011
- BibtexAuthor : Robert Beverly, Simson Garfinkel, Gregory Cardwell
Title : Forensic Carving of Network Packets and Associated Data Structures
In : Digital Investigation -
Address :
Date : 2011
Using validated carving techniques, we show that popular operating systems (\eg Windows, Linux, and OSX) frequently have residual IP packets, Ethernet frames, and associated data structures present in system memory from long-terminated network traffic. Such information is useful for many forensic purposes including establishment of prior connection activity and services used; identification of other systems present on the system's LAN or WLAN; geolocation of the host computer system; and cross-drive analysis. We show that network structures can also be recovered from memory that is persisted onto a mass storage medium during the course of system swapping or hibernation. We present our network carving techniques, algorithms and tools, and validate these against both purpose-built memory images and a readily available forensic corpora. These techniques are valuable to both forensics tasks, particularly in analyzing mobile devices, and to cyber-security objectives such as malware analysis.
Salvatore Florillio - Theory and practice of flash memory mobile forensics
July 2011
- ,2009
- http://ro.ecu.edu.au/adf/67/
BibtexAuthor : Salvatore Florillio
Title : Theory and practice of flash memory mobile forensics
In : -
Address :
Date : 2009
Gary Craig Kessler - Judges' Awareness, Understanding, and Application of Digital Evidence
June 2011
- Ph.D. Thesis, ,2010
- http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/File:Kessler_judges%26de.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Gary Craig Kessler
Title : Judges' Awareness, Understanding, and Application of Digital Evidence
In : Ph.D. Thesis, -
Address :
Date : 2010
Spring 2011
Solid State Drive (SSD) Forensics
We now have a new page on SSD forensics. The page has some basic information and a growing bibliography. One of the first entries is:
- http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/users/m3wei/assets/pdf/FMS-2010-Secure-Erase.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Michael Wei, Laura M. Grupp, Frederick M. Spada, Steven Swanson
Title : Reliably Erasing Data from Flash-Based Solid State Drives
In : FAST 2011 -
Address :
Date : 2011
(Past selected articles are archived here.) </div>
- Sleuth Kit and Open Source Digital Forensics Conference
The slides from the first ever Sleuth Kit and Open Source Digital Forensics Conference are now available online:
Highlights include:
- The Sleuth Kit Overview and Automated Scanning Features (Brian Carrier)
- Faster Response with Sleuth Kit and Other Open Source Technologies (Jamie Butler and Jason Shiffer)
- PTK Forensics after Two years: Past, Present and Future (Dario Forte)
- Mac Forensic Tools Using Sleuth Kit (Rob Joyce)
- Commando Forensics: What Dongle? (Cory Altheide)
- AFF and AFF4: Where we are, where we are going, and why it matters to you. (Simson Garfinkel)
- Timeline Creation using Open-Source Tools (Harlan Carvey)
- Internet geolocation: Evasion and counterevasion
- ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), Volume 42 , Issue 1 (December 2009)
Internet geolocation technology aims to determine the physical (geographic) location of Internet users and devices. It is currently proposed or in use for a wide variety of purposes, including targeted marketing, restricting digital content sales to authorized jurisdictions, and security applications such as reducing credit card fraud. This raises questions about the veracity of claims of accurate and reliable geolocation. We provide a survey of Internet geolocation technologies with an emphasis on adversarial contexts; that is, we consider how this technology performs against a knowledgeable adversary whose goal is to evade geolocation. We do so by examining first the limitations of existing techniques, and then, from this base, determining how best to evade existing geolocation techniques. We also consider two further geolocation techniques which may be of use even against adversarial targets: (1) the extraction of client IP addresses using functionality introduced in the 1.5 Java API, and (2) the collection of round-trip times using HTTP refreshes. These techniques illustrate that the seemingly straightforward technique of evading geolocation by relaying traffic through a proxy server (or network of proxy servers) is not as straightforward as many end-users might expect. We give a demonstration of this for users of the popular Tor anonymizing network.
FEB-2010 The 'CSI Effect': Does It Really Exist?, by The Honorable Donald E. Shelton
Crime and courtroom proceedings have long been fodder for film and television scriptwriters. In recent years, however, the media's use of the courtroom as a vehicle for drama has not only proliferated, it has changed focus. In apparent fascination with our criminal justice process, many of today's courtroom dramas are based on actual cases. Court TV offers live gavel-to-gavel coverage of trials over the Internet for $5.95 a month. Now, that's "reality television"!
Reality and fiction have begun to blur with crime magazine television shows such as 48 Hours Mystery, American Justice, and even, on occasion, Dateline NBC. These programs portray actual cases, but only after extensively editing the content and incorporating narration for dramatic effect. Presenting one 35-year-old cold case, for example, 48 Hours Mystery filmed for months to capture all pretrial hearings as well as the 2-week trial; the program, however, was ultimately edited to a 1-hour episode that suggested the crime remained a "mystery" . . . notwithstanding the jury's guilty verdict....
JAN-2010 Using Graphics Processors for Parallelizing Hash-based Data Carving, by Sylvain Collange, Marc Daumas, Yoginder S. Dandass, and David Defour, Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2009.
The ability to detect fragments of deleted image files and to reconstruct these image files from all available fragments on disk is a key activity in the field of digital forensics. Although reconstruction of image files from the file fragments on disk can be accomplished by simply comparing the content of sectors on disk with the content of known files, this brute-force approach can be time consuming.
This paper presents results from research into the use of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) in detecting specific image file byte patterns in disk clusters. Unique identifying pattern for each disk sector is compared against patterns in known images. A pattern match indicates the potential presence of an image and flags the disk sector for further in-depth examination to confirm the match. The GPU-based implementation outperforms the software implementation by a significant margin.
Data recovery Craig S. Wright explores what happens when you try to cover overwritten data using high-quality scientific equipment. His conclusion: "The values do not tell you what existed on the drive prior to the wipe; they just allow you to make a guess, bit by bit. Each time you guess, you compound the error. As recovering a single bit value has little if any forensic value, you soon find that the cumulative errors render any recovered data worthless."
- Linux for computer forensic investigators: «pitfalls» of mounting file systems (Russian version), Suhanov Maxim, 2009
The paper opens discussion about building forensically sound Live CD distributions based on Linux. Problems described:
- Common misconceptions about "-o ro" mount option (is it forensically sound?);
- Bugs in many forensic Live CDs that alter the data on evidentiary media.
Denis Frati (CAINE developer) wrote an excellent review (Italian) of the bug found in Casper scripts.
"Cisco System's routers running Cisco IOS are still the prevalent routing platform on the Internet and corporate networks. Their huge population, architectural deficiencies and hugely diverse version distribution make them a valuable target that gains importance as common operating system platforms are closed down and secured. This paper takes the position that the currently used, well accepted practices for monitoring, debugging and post mortem crash analysis are insufficient to deal with the threat of compromised IOS devices. It sets forth a different method that reduces the requirement for constant logging, favoring on- demand in-depth analysis in case of suspicion or actual device crashes. The paper concludes by presenting the current state in the development of software supporting the proposed method and requesting feedback from the community on the software's future directions."
- Android Forensics
- Presentation on Android Forensics by Andrew Hoog, Mobile Forensics World 2009. Presentation gives an overview of Android, explains how to root phones, and extract data from a phone once you have superuser access. One of the complications is that Android phones (like the T-Mobile G1) use YAFFS2, a flash-specific file system.
- Recovery of Damaged Compressed Files for Digital Forensic Purposes, Bora Park Savoldi, A. Gubian, P. Jungheum Park Seok Hee Lee Sangjin Lee
Korea Univ., Seoul, International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, 2008. MUE 2008/
- Nowadays compressed files are very widespread and can be considered, without any doubt, with regard to the Digital Forensic realm, an important and precious source of probatory data. This is especially true when in a digital investigation the examiner has to deal with corrupted compressed files, which have been gathered in the collection phase of the investigative process. Therefore, in the computer forensic field, data recovery technologies are very important for acquiring useful pieces of data which can become, in a court of low, digital evidence. This kind of technology is used not only by law enforcement, but also by the multitude of users in their daily activities, which justify the relevant presence of tools in the software market which are devoted to rescue data from damaged compressed files. However, state-of-the-art data recovery tools have many limitations with regard to the capability of recovering the original data, especially in the case of damaged compressed files. So far, such recovery tools have been based on a which controls the signature/header of the file and, thus, provides the offset to the raw compressed data block. As a result, they cannot recover the compressed files if the first part of the raw compressed data block, which pertains to the header, is damaged or the signature/header block is corrupted. Therefore, in order to deal with this issue, we have developed a new tool capable of rescuing damaged compressed files, according to the DEFLATE compression scheme, even though the header block is missing or corrupted. This represents a new interesting opportunity for the digital forensic discipline.
- Overcoming Impediments to Cell Phone Forensics, Wayne Jansen, Aurelien Delaitre, and Ludovic Moenner, Proceedings of the 41st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2008
- Cell phones are an emerging but rapidly growing area of computer forensics. While cell phones are becoming more like desktop computers functionally, their organization and operation are quite different in certain areas. For example, most cell phones do not contain a hard drive and rely instead on flash memory for persistent storage. Cell phones are also designed more as special purpose appliances that perform a set of predefined tasks using proprietary embedded software, rather than general-purpose extensible systems that run common operating system software. Such differences make the application of classical computer forensic techniques difficult. Also complicating the situation is the state of the art of present day cell phone forensic tools themselves and the way in which tools are applied. This paper identifies factors that impede cell phone forensics and describes techniques to address two resulting problems in particular: the limited coverage of available phone models by forensic tools, and the inadequate means for validating the correct functioning of forensic tools
- A Framework for Automated Digital Forensic Reporting, Lt. Paul Farrell, Master's Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, March 2009
- Forensic analysis is the science of finding, examining and analyzing evidence in support of law enforcement, regulatory compliance or information gathering. Today, almost all digital forensic analysis is done by humans, requiring dedicated training and consuming man-hours at a considerable rate. As storage sizes increase and digital forensics gain importance in investigations, the backlog of media requiring human analysis has increased as well. This thesis tests today's top-of-the-line commercial and open source forensic tools with the analysis of a purpose-built Windows XP computer system containing two users that engaged in email, chat and web browsing. It presents the results of a pilot user study of the PyFlag forensic tool. Finally, it presents a technique to use software to do a preliminary analysis on media and provide a human readable report to the examiner. The goal of the technique is to perform rapid triaging of media and allow the human examiner to better prioritize man hours towards media with high return on investment.
- The impact of full disk encryption on digital forensics, ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review archive, Volume 42 , Issue 3 (April 2008) , Pages 93-98
- The integration of strong encryption into operating systems is creating challenges for forensic examiners, potentially preventing us from recovering any digital evidence from a computer. Because strong encryption cannot be circumvented without a key or passphrase, forensic examiners may not be able to access data after a computer is shut down, and must decide whether to perform a live forensic acquisition. In addition, with encryption becoming integrated into the operating system, in some cases, virtualization is the most effective approach to performing a forensic examination of a system with FDE. This paper presents the evolution of full disk encryption (FDE) and its impact on digital forensics. Furthermore, by demonstrating how full disk encryption has been dealt with in past investigations, this paper provides forensics examiners with practical techniques for recovering evidence that would otherwise be inaccessible.
- Forensic Investigation of the Nintendo Wii: A First Glance, Dr. Benjamin Turnbull, SMALL SCALE DIGITAL DEVICE FORENSICS JOURNAL, VOL. 2, NO. 1, JUNE 2008 ISSN# 1941-6164
- The closed nature of the Wii makes it a challenging game console for forensic analysis. This article takes a first look at the platform, discussing the various places where forensically interesting information may be hidden. There's also a reference to an interesting article about how the ability of wimotes to move avatars from one system to another documents a woman's affair while her husband was serving in Iraq.
- Data Acquisition from Cell Phone using Logical Approach, Keonwoo Kim, Dowon Hong, Kyoil Chung, and Jae-Cheol Ryou, PROCEEDINGS OF WORLD ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 26 DECEMBER 2007 ISSN 1307-6884
- This article discusses three approaches for acquiring data from cell phones: physically removing the flash RAM chips and reading them directly; reading the data out using the JTAG interface, and running software on the cell phone to extract the files at a logical level. The authors have built a logical extraction system and are working on a system based on JTAG.
- Semi-Supervised Named Entity Recognition
- Learning to Recognize 100 Entity Types with Little Supervision, David Nadeau, PhD Thesis, University of Ottawa, 2007.
- Named Entity Recognition is the process of analyzing text documents and automatically identifying the Who, What, Where and Whens. David Nadeau's thesis presents a novel approach which bootstraps a named entity recognizer using semi-structured documents on the web. Few forensic tools use NER today, but that may well change in the future. What makes this thesis so interesting to read is that it also has a history of the last 20 years or so of the field. Highly recommended.
- Advanced JPEG carving, Michael I. Cohen, Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Forensic applications and techniques in telecommunications, information, and multimedia and workshop
- Michael I. Cohen presents a fully automated carver which can carve fragmented JPEGs using typical fragmentation patterns. (Cohen argues the the DFRWS carving challenges do not represent typical fragmentation patterns.)
- Threats to Privacy in the Forensic Analysis of Database Systems
- Patrick Stahlberg, Gerome Miklau, and Brian Neil Levine
- Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data table of contents
- Beijing, China.
- This paper looks at residual data left behind in databases after DELETE, UPDATE, and VACUUM operations. The authors show that residual data is a real issue in databases, and that it's pretty easy to modify a database so that no residual data is left behind. MySQL with MyISM tables has clean delete, but InnoDB does not. Very much worth reading.
- Lest We Remember: Cold Boot Attacks on Encryption Keys
- J. Alex Halderman, Princeton University; Seth D. Schoen, Electronic Frontier Foundation; Nadia Heninger and William Clarkson, Princeton University; William Paul, Wind River Systems; Joseph A. Calandrino and Ariel J. Feldman, Princeton University; Jacob Appelbaum; Edward W. Felten, Princeton University
- USENIX Security '08 Refereed Paper
- Awarded Best Student Paper
- Increasingly memory analysis is of interest in forensic research---both because new malware only resides in memory, and because memory analysis is frequently the only way for analysts to get the keys that are used to protect cryptographic file systems. In this paper the authors show that cryptographic keys in memory are vulnerable to exploitation after the computer is turned off. The authors show that the contents of dynamic RAM are retained seconds, and sometimes minutes, after power is turned off. By chilling the memory the data can be retained as long as necessary. And while most laptops wipe their memory when they reboot, the authors show that the chilled memory can be moved from one laptop that wipes to another laptop that does not wipe. Finally, the authors show that it is possible to find the cryptographic keys in memory and correct random bit errors by using the AES key schedule as an error-correction code. The authors demonstrate an attack USB stick which reboots a computer protected with BitLocker, finds the cryptographic keys, and then allows access to the cleartext information on the disk.
- The Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (2008) concluded this past week in Pittsburgh, PA. One paper that appeared which is interesting to the network forensics crowd is The Challenges of Using an Intrusion Detection System: Is It Worth the Effort?, by Rodrigo Werlinger, Kirstie Hawkey, Kasia Muldner, Pooya Jaferian and Konstantin Beznosov. slides
- In this article, the authors conducted interviews with 9 IT security practitioners who have worked with IDSs performed ethnographic observations within an organization that was deploying a new IDS. They found that security practitioners were heavily divided on the value of the IDS, and learned that the an IDS really only generates value if the network is well-understood before the IDS is deployed.
- The International Journal of Digital Evidence is one of two publications by the Electronic Crime Institute (ECI) at Utica College. Current and previous issues are available online.
- The current Fall 2007 issue has an interesting article Mobile Phone Forensics Tool Testing: A Database Drive Approach by Baggili, Mislan, and Rogers at Purdue University. Given that phones are increasingly a primary source of forensic information in many cases, we need to be sure that the tools that are used for forensic analysis present data that is accurate and repeatable. Unfortunately they frequently aren't because of there are so many different kinds of phones on the market and the forensic tools lag far behind the market.
Ibrahim M. Baggili, Richard Mislan, Marcus Rogers -
- International Journal of Digital Evidence 6,2007
- http://www.utica.edu/academic/institutes/ecii/publications/articles/1C33DF76-D8D3-EFF5-47AE3681FD948D68.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Ibrahim M. Baggili, Richard Mislan, Marcus Rogers
Title :
In : International Journal of Digital Evidence -
Address :
Date : 2007
Anandabrata Pal, Taha Sencar, Nasir Memon - Detecting File Fragmentation Point Using Sequential Hypothesis Testing
- ,2008
- http://www.digital-assembly.com/technology/research/pubs/dfrws2008.pdf
BibtexAuthor : Anandabrata Pal, Taha Sencar, Nasir Memon
Title : Detecting File Fragmentation Point Using Sequential Hypothesis Testing
In : -
Address :
Date : 2008
This DFRWS 2008 article presents an improved approach for carving fragmented JPEGs using sequential hypothesis testing. According to the authors, "The technique begins with a header block identifying the start of a file and then attempts to validate via SHT each subsequent block following the header block. The fragmentation point is identified when SHT identifies a block as not belonging to the file. By utilizing this technique, we are able to correctly and efficiently recover JPEG images from the DFRWS 2006 [1] and 2007 [2] test sets even in the presence of tens of thousands of blocks and files fragmented into 3 or more parts. The bifragment gap carving technique enhanced with SHT allows us to improve the performance result of DFRWS 2006 challenge test-sets, although the technique cannot be used for DFRWS 2007. We then show how Parallel Unique Path enhanced with SHT is able to recover all fragmented JPEGs from DFRWS 2006 and all recoverable JPEGs from 2007 challenge test-sets. As far as we are aware, no other automated technique can recover multi-fragmented JPEGs from the DFRWS 2007 test set."
Yoginder Singh Dandass, Nathan Joseph Necaise, Sherry Reede Thomas - An Empirical Analysis of Disk Sector Hashes for Data Carving
- Journal of Digital Forensic Practice 2:95--106,2008
- http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/15567280802050436
BibtexAuthor : Yoginder Singh Dandass, Nathan Joseph Necaise, Sherry Reede Thomas
Title : An Empirical Analysis of Disk Sector Hashes for Data Carving
In : Journal of Digital Forensic Practice -
Address :
Date : 2008
Authors Dandass et. al analyzed 528 million sectors from 433,630 unique files. They computed the CRC32, CRC64, MD5 and SHA-1 of each sector. Not surprisingly, they find that the MD5 and SHA-1s of the sectors are different if the sectors are different. They find 94 CRC64 collisions and 30 million CRC32 collisions. The conclusion is that, if you are search for a single sector or building a database of single sector hashes, you are better off building a database of CRC64s because they are easier to store and dramatically faster to calculate than the traditional hash functions, and they are nearly as accurate.


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Scrabble US 10 letter words ending with STANDING
Jump to the MORE ABOUT section and see all " standing " links.
Scrabble US 10 letter words ending with STANDING
This page contains all Scrabble US words that ends with length standing. We created this list by searching TWL06 dictionary; commonly used by Scrabble US players in USA. Anagrammer will also show you valid words for many other word games, such as Words With Friends, Letterpress as well as UK versions of those games. Make sure to visit Scrabble US Word Lists page to see not only words that ends with length standing, but also other special words that will help you beat your opponent.


text: The most efficient way to know about Top Colleges for structural engineering or other alternate trades/professional courses, is to contact the students studying in these colleges directly.. India has a number of colleges offering a wide range of professional degrees, diplomas and special courses.To be precise, over 306 colleges are offering structural engineering professional course/ degree.But if you wish to search colleges specifically, we are here to help you. Youth4work University provides a common platform for aspirants, students and alumnis to discuss various aspects, like admission procedure, selection criteria, college atmosphere, academics and placement report, of particular colleges.You can simply do this by going in the college profile and selecting any user from the "Students" section of that particular college . The entire data and information mentioned in the Institute/ College / University profiles on Youth4work has been crowd sourced by students, ex - students and alumnis, which further enhances the authenticity factor of these search results and college feedbacks.


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Just realized something -- except for KC does it really matter if we expect to cut Flynn?
If we cut him he would hardly get past the first team in the draft so KC would pick him up if actually like him. So the other 7 teams that needs a qb would still have to trade for him if they like him and think one team ahead of them on the waiver wire likes Flynn as well.
Don't expect us to cut him regardless


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"HALLOWEEN Creepy Pumpkin!!!" Woooo!!!! Printable Art Stamp Sheet from Fae Entertainment. (Note: watermark will not be on print.)
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We are delighted with your enthusiasm for our products! To ensure that we protect all parties from the misuse of images, we have established an Angel Policy for you to adhere to when using our copyrighted designs. This policy protects the craft industry by ensuring that crafters who want to sell their handmade products can. It also protects our brands, ensuring that they can continue to provide a wide range of innovations.
Fae Entertainment' images and the licensed brands which we supply are copyrighted. This means that they may not be copied without permission. To help protect the rights granted by these copyrights, each handcrafted item created for sale must be personally and individually made by the selling artist and may not be reproduced or copied by any means - including graphic, digital, electronic, mechanical or photocopying.
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Fae Entertainment 2017.


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Description:HP 64MB Battery Backed Write Cache (BBWC) Enabler 641/642Part Number(s)
Hewlett-Packard Part# 291969-B21
Overview:The BBWC Enabler transportable 64-MB battery module increases the total memory of the controller to 128-MB for code transfer buffers and read and write cache. The transportability of the battery memory module protects the write cache data from unexpected power loss system board failure or controller board failure. Data retained in the write cache will be protected for up to 72 hours allowing time to restore power or transport the module to a functioning system board or array controller.The modular design of the battery memory module is transportable between the Smart Array 641 and Smart Array 642 controllers. 64-MB BBWC (Battery-Backed Write Cache) Enabler allows the 641/642 controllers an option to add transportable BBWC for improved controller performance and increases the total controller memory to 128-MB.


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- Shop All
or make 4 interest-free payments of $14.75 AUD fortnightly with More info
Our 'Just Plane Adventurous' earrings are for all the babes out there who say YES to adventure. These mini sized plane earrings makes for the perfect gift for so many special life moments. For that exceptional lady who is about to take off on their big adventure or how about for your bestie who's leaving you to go and travel around South East Asia for the Summer. Maybe you live across state and you want to let your best friend know you're only a Plane ride away, or perhaps it's a girls weekend to Vegas for the weekend - what goes on tour, stays on tour (and get's left behind on the plane seat!)
Share this tiny Plane charm amongst your girlfriends as a little reminder that you're only a plane ride away. Safe travels babe!
Our 'Just Plane Adventurous' earrings looks super cute next to the Spinning 'Globetrotter' Globe set or teamed with our 'Wish Upon a Star' Charm.
If these earrings are sold out, please email us here and we can make it to order for you.
- .925 Sterling silver
- Charm measures approx. 9mm x 9mm
- Also available in Rose Gold & 18kt Gold
If this piece of jewellery is sold out, don't get your knickers in a twist just yet. We now offer Pre-Order. This means your piece will be made especially just for you, taking approximately 4 weeks for delivery. Simply purchase it here on our website (By clicking the PRE ORDER Button) and we will be with you via email shortly. If you have any questions at all, please feel free to email us here.
La Luna Rose's new BON VOYAGE collection of travel-inspired charms aimed at marking the memories of ones journey (whether collecting for yourself or a fellow traveler), proving that life was meant for good friends and great adventures. Designed to evoke adventure and inspire new memories, BON VOYAGE is the second offering of charm jewellery from their range of Essentials; collectible jewellery designed for the style enthusiast. Each tiny charm can be stacked in your personal style to remember life's endless adventures and unforgettable moments. Offered in both 18kt carat Gold plating, Rose Gold and Sterling silver, this latest signature range of collectible jewellery has all the adventure seeking style that you're next journey desires.
The Essentials range offers chain bracelets, rings, earrings and necklaces along with a range of collectible charms. The perfect gift between friends, lovers, sisters, bridal party & family, we hope that each charm offers a beautiful keepsake piece of jewellery to take with you on your next journey and add your memories to. The adventures begin here and continue to delight as we release new themed collections every few months.
The La Luna Rose Essentials range is all about collecting charms that reflect those special memories and unforgettable moments that make life extraordinary.
If you have any questions about our jewellery, please feel free to get in touch via our contact page.
|SMALL (Size 6-10)
|MEDIUM (Size 10-14
|LARGE (Size 14-16)
|Shoulder Width
|Sleeve Length
|Chest Measurement
|Back Length
It is important to note that different countries have different sizing methods.
Most of the world goes by number sizing which is the easiest and most accurate.
Because we sell our jewellery all over the world, we have decided to stick with number sizing and have put together the below chart to help you out. The most common size for ladies is a size 7 and size 10 for man. If you are unsure of your size you can measure the inner diameter of one of your own rings and refer to the below measurements.
Feel free to email us at firstname.lastname@example.com if you have any further issues.
Please also note that if you are ordering a wide band ring, its usually a good idea to go up a size.
Size 6 = Ring Sizes L, M, N. Inner Diameter measures 16.5mm
Size 7 = Ring Sizes N, O, P. Inner Diameter measures 17.3mm
Size 8 = Ring Sizes P, Q, R. Inner Diameter measures 18.1mm
Size 9 = Ring Sizes R, S, T. Inner Diameter measures 18.9mm
If you require a ring in a different size in any of the designs offered, please send us an email here and we will see what our clever silversmiths can do for you.
All items in the La Luna Rose shop clearly label the length of the chain used for that design. Unless otherwise stated, all La Luna Rose necklaces are adjustable in length by 2" / 5cm. All necklaces in our Essentials collection have a finer chain and are adjustable y 1"/2.5cm in length.
Beaded Bracelets - La Luna Rose Sundown Sandy beaded bracelets are fastened with an adjustable clasp giving two size options for the 'average' wrist. One sits at a total circumference of approx 16cm and the other at 18.5cm. As all our pieces are individually hand-made, this may vary slightly. If you are concerned about your desired size, please feel free to email us & we can measure one up specifically for you in the design you will be ordering.
La Luna Rose Colour Creator Cuff Bracelets are also fastened with an adjustable clasp giving two size options for the 'average' wrist based on a wider design. One sits at a total circumference of 17.5cm and the other at 19cm. These fit slightly larger than ou As all our pieces are individually hand-made, this may vary slightly. If you are concerned about your desired size, please feel free to email us & we can measure one up specifically for you.
La Luna Rose Sideshow Sally Beaded Bracelets are constructed with a 'loop' system meaning that they do not open up completely but can be adjusted largely in size from a small wrist size measuring 14cm circumference to a larger wrist measuring 19cm circumference. To open them just pull at the end of the beaded section and to close them once on your wrist, pull the tassel heads gently. Again, if you are unsure please feel free to email us here & we can help you work out your size.
Solid Bracelets - Adults Our Solid bracelets are available in 3 sizes and measure 18cm in total circumference for a size SMALL, 19.8cm for a MEDIUM and 21cm for a LARGE. If you would like to check your wrist size, grab a strip of paper, string or tape measure and you can measure your wrist with 3 fingers underneath the string also. If you are still unsure and would like something smaller/bigger made for you, send us an email here and we will see what we can create.
La Luna Rose chain bracelets fit much like the beaded bracelets with an adjustable clasp. Therefore they have two/three size options for you. They sit at a total circumference of approx 17cm, 18cm and 19cm.
*For the Chunky Monkey bracelet we suggest a tighter fit. To be sure of your size here, measure your wrist circumference and use this to order the correct size as shown on the product page.
All measurements are on the product pages. Our Essentials necklaces are available in 16" length with an smaller loop at 15" and 18" with an smaller loop at 17".
Our Essentials Bracelets measure 17cm in length with an smaller size loop at 15cm.
Our Essentials Rings are offered in size 6, 7, 8 and 9. We are more than happy to make smaller or larger sizes on request, please just email us here.
Petites Bracelets - We have a number of options for our bracelets for little girls - they're our top seller and little girls just love them! Our Beaded tassel bracelets have an adjustable sizing system and comfortably fit a little girl from aged 3 - 14. Girls 14 and upwards are recommended to fit our Adults collection however if they have small wrists they will still fit the Petites range. To measure a little girls wrist, please wrap a piece around their wrist with 2 fingers underneath. Mark the paper, and lay flat to measure with a ruler.
Our Petites Sideshow Sally Bracelets are adjustable in length and open up to 18cm in circumference. If you don't have a direct wrist to measure, this bracelet system is almost fail safe and accommodates almost all wrist sizes.
Our Petites Sunday Sandy Bracelets measure 12cm in length with 3 options of length within the clasp system.
Our La Luna Fiesta Bracelets measure 14cm in length/circumference and all have the abiloity to have any of our La Luna Rose charms added to them.
Our Solid silver bracelets for little Petites (To add charms onto) are available in 3 sizes. Baby 4.5cm in diameter (Recommended age 3-5), Small 5cm in diameter (Recommended age 6-10) and Medium 5.5cm diameter (Recommended age 10-15).
Our Petites Chain Bracelets measure 15cm in length with an smaller loop at 12.5cm. If you need larger, feel free to order an adults size.
Petites Rings - Our Petites range also offers rings for little girls. Please measure your childs finger first to ensure you are ordering the correct size. We would recommend a size 3.5 for girls 6-8 and a size 4.5 for girls 8-13 and a size 5-6 for 14-17year olds. However - every finger and body is different! Any questions, just send us and email here and we would be happy to help.
Petites Necklaces - Our La Luna Rose Fine Chain Necklace measure 15" in length with an extra size loop at 14". Our La Luna Fiesta Necklaces measure 34cm in length and all have the ability to have any of our La Luna Rose charms added to them.
If you require any other sizes for any of our items, please just let us know and we will see what we can whip up for you! You can contact us here.Save


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You wouldn't think of them as anything out of the ordinary, but try running your life for one day without cabinet hardware, and you might start to appreciate their importance. From essential cabinet pulls that grant you access to all your closed in belongings to efficient cabinet hinges that keep those doors in place, reliable hardware for cabinets and drawers is something that you simply cannot live without. Fortunately, the fact that you need this hardware doesn't restrict our collections to purely functional designs that lack style or personality. In fact, we have a huge array of hardware for cabinets, doors, desks and drawers, all made from beautiful materials in varying styles and eye-catching finishes. Take a look inside, and fall in love with what our cabinet and bathroom hardware can do for you.
Cabinet knobs and cabinet pulls can not only make your life a whole lot easier by giving you quick and easy access to cabinet, closet and drawer contents, but they can make a huge décor statement for you as well. Do you like the look and feel of contemporary living? Try black cabinet pulls that are sleek, chic and totally unique. Chrome and stainless steel pulls will also give you that genuine mod appearance. If you are more of a rustic homeowner, oil rubbed bronze cabinet knobs can create a warm and friendly atmosphere that you'll love to come home to. Of course, wood cabinet hardware can also have a comforting effect, as will brass, bronze or copper cabinet knobs and pulls, each in their own way. Glass cabinet hardware has an entirely different look and feel, something smooth and colorful, fun and cool all at the same time. Choose your cabinet hardware according to your style or mood, and remember to have fun with it!
Keep kids, pets and nosy neighbors out of your business with handy cabinet locks. While they won't secure your front door, our durable cabinet locks can keep indoor areas off limits efficiently. Cabinet hinges are a highly functional group, but that doesn't mean they can't whistle while they work. Decorative cabinet hinges come in an array of designs and finishes, so you can set a theme or match these pieces to the rest of your room décor.
The bathroom is another area of the home that we can combine style and keen usability. Bare necessities such as toilet paper holders, towel hooks and shower curtain rods suddenly become fashionable fixtures that transform your bathroom from ordinary to extraordinary in the blink of an eye. Shower caddies organize your world, and grab bars keep things nice and safe. Put all of our bathroom hardware together, and you have a symphony of practical usefulness and unwavering style playing together beautifully.
So whether you are looking to pick up your bathroom décor with trendy towel hooks and shower caddies or you want a seamless kitchen design with elegant appliance pulls, Kitchen-Cabinet-Hardware.com has just what you're looking for. With tens of thousands of stunning options to choose from, the hardest decision to make will be which cabinets to redo first! Order your own decorative cabinet hardware today, and revolutionize the way you live using small details in a big way.


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Expenditures, 2016 cycle
Expenditures by Sector
This PAC made no expenditures large enough to generate this list in 2016.
How does OpenSecrets.org classify campaign expenditures?
NOTE: All the numbers on this page are for the 2016 election cycle and based on Federal Election Commission data released electronically on August 14, 2017.
Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit the Center for Responsive Politics. For permission to reprint for commercial uses, such as textbooks, contact the Center: email@example.com


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|All purchases are eligible for automatic volume discounts at checkout except for Verbatim, Robertshaw, Toshiba, ATC Counters, MDI, ASCO, Chromalox, Convectronics products and all Mats as follows: 5% discounts for orders over $500; 10% discounts for orders over $1000; 15% discounts for orders over $3000. Orders outside of North America may be subject to a processing fee.
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