text:
2012, twenty-twelve, it's all about a CHANGE IN CONSCIOUSNESS and finally someone is figuring out a whole new dramatic silhouette for a new century. Short shorts that hint at your elementary-school gym days with oversized jackets with heavy David Byrne in Talking Heads vibes while also being a little varsity but mostly being a bunch of building blocks thrown over a body that have magically molted into a garment.
The metallic band across the chest is almost like a straitjacket, and I know if I think about it in feminist terms it's like "MONDIEU BULLSHIT BLAH BLAH" but it's kinda sexy. Not in the bondage sort of way just in a "I am wearing something huge that hides my body but it's so cool that you can't wait to see what's under it-sorta way.
(Longest description ever?)
From the shorts we got structured a-line dresses that are unmistakeably Balenciaga in their futuristic feelings. The rectangle going down the middle is just the right amount of Georgia O'Keeffe, cause you know, since we are shifting consciousness and all, we are done with the phallocentric visions and opening up to the powers of the vag (mother earth welcomes you).
This all makes sense.
Also Blogger doesn't recognize "phallocentric" as a word, which should tell you something.
The real gems for me came in later on, when these incredible women swathed under layers of skirts and dresses and hats came out. It took my breath away a little because there was something so earthy about it which is so not ever a word that ever shows up in anything Nicholas does, but man, this is bringing out the hippie in me in ALL THE RIGHT WAYS.
FLOWER.PRINTS. Tiny little 40's via 90's style floral prints mixed with leather and stiff volume. This is the future and I realize that saying something is the future while describing it as 40's via 90's makes no sense but THAT'S THE BEAUTY ABOUT FASHION and even though I am totally joking about that last statement, you and I both know it is 100% true.
Hide everything and show everything. Who knew there was so much power in the LIPS.
(we all did)
All hippies love some fringe and this weirdo lurex-y skirts are right on point. Do you see the evolution even within this collection? From structured to loose isn't even something that is groundbreaking but the spirit, the silhouettes, what all of these together represent is really taking what Nicholas has been doing and just making it a million times better.
And can we talk about the ad campaign full of weird-looking girls lounging around a disheveled apartment with mugs and shit all around? This is my favorite since M/M Paris scribbled all over Christy Turlington's face way back in 2001. T'was about time Ghesquiere made me want to DIE (and not because he picked Kristen Stewart to be the face of his new fragrance, we're def NOT gonna talk about that).
but yea, you feelin' it?


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What are ear tubes, and why do some kids need them?
Each year, more than 500,000 ear tube surgeries are performed on children, making it the most common childhood surgery performed with anesthesia, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
But have you ever wondered why some kids need ear tubes and what an ear tube does inside one's ear? We caught up with Tim Lander, MD, one of Children's pediatric otolaryngologists, otherwise known as an ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctor, to get the scoop on why some kids need ear tubes and what the tubes do.
According to Dr. Lander there are two primary reasons that children need ear tubes. "One reason is recurrent middle ear infections; the other is a problem with persistent fluid in the ear, which is usually found because a child is experiencing hearing loss," Lander said.
Typically, there are two common times that children need ear tubes: between the ages of 15 months and three years (usually because of recurrent ear infections) or between the ages of four and six (typically to treat hearing loss due to fluid build–up).
So why does this happen and how do tubes help?
"The bottom line is that there is fluid trapped behind the eardrum," Lander explained. Typically the Eustachian tube in our ears works by allowing air in and fluid to drain out. If the Eustachian tube doesn't open, the fluid can't get out, in turn causing either an infection or hearing loss, sometimes both.
"By placing a hole in the ear drum with a small stent, air pressure is allowed to not only come in, but the tube also allows the fluid to drain out," Lander said.
The most common kind of ear tubes are grommet tubes which are not permanent and eventually fall out on their own 8-15 months after surgery. There is also a t-tube that is used less often that is specifically designed to stay in one's ear indefinitely.
Does your child need ear tubes?
If you have concerns about your child's recurrent ear infections or hearing, talk to your child's doctor. Pediatricians will refer your child to an ENT doctor when and if they think your child is a candidate for ear tubes.
What to expect if your child needs ear tubes
If your child is referred to an ENT who decides ear tubes is the next step, the procedure is always an outpatient procedure, unless combined with another medical procedure that requires a hospital stay. "Currently all children [who have ear tubes put in] are put under general anesthesia," Lander explained. The procedure itself takes 5-10 minutes to place a hole and the tubes into the ear drum and most kids are discharged within an hour.
Typically kids are back to themselves within the same day and don't even notice the tubes in their ears aside from better hearing and fewer ear infections.
If you have questions or concerns about your child's ears, talk to your child's doctor.
Additional information about ear tubes can be found here.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Legal Network
Rules for the Legal Network
The Legal Network fosters a productive, cooperative discourse in a private setting, enabling the members to discuss legal questions away from contentious public debate. To be true to this objective, participants should be free to express bold, innovative ideas while feeling safe from judgement and personal attacks.
During the several years in which the Legal Network existed, a set of rules and practices has emerged and evolved according to its increasing size. Some of these became crucial to allow the discussions to be productive, others are simply good practices that facilitate our work. For transparency and ease of access we have collected them all here, grouped in substantial regulation and procedures.
Behaviour on the Legal Network
To ensure that freedom of expression and peace of mind are available to all those engaging in the discussions, the Legal Network requires their members to abide to its Code of Conduct. To allow participants a greater degree of independence and encourage them to propose bold ideas, any communication is also protected by the Chatham House Rule.
The inability to comply with the following rules, assessed by the Legal Team, can result in sanctions.
The Legal Network Code of Conduct
The Legal Network and its associated events are intended for professional non-partisan networking and collaboration in the Free Software community. Participants are expected to behave with courtesy and according to professional standards suitable for the widest international audience. Participants should at all times feel at ease expressing their own opinions on any relevant subject they feel is worth being considered by other members, without fearing any form of attack, reprisal or harassment.
While on the FSFE IT infrastructure made available for the Legal Network (e.g. mailing lists, wiki) and at its events or related professional or social networking opportunities, participants shall not engage in discriminatory, disparaging or offensive speech or actions, including as to gender, sexuality, race, nationality, religion or profession, and in particular regarding any other member of the Network. Speakers should be especially aware of these concerns.
Neither the FSFE nor the Legal Network tolerate or condone any statements or actions by participants contrary to these standards. The FSFE's Legal Team reserves the right to deny entrance and/or eject from an event (without refund) or its IT infrastructure (e.g. mailing lists, wiki) any individual whom it considers to be in breach of this code of conduct, even in private settings or non-Legal Network media such as blogs or public forums, when related to discussions that happened on the Legal Network or at its events, or in relation to its members as such.
Please bring any concerns to the immediate attention of the Legal Team, at email@example.com detailing the events and possibly providing a reference to any recording1 of the facts.
Unless explicitly otherwise stated for specific communication or where the relevant parties agree to being identified, the Legal Network and its associated events are held under the Chatham House Rule2. Participants are free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker(s), nor that of any other participant, may be revealed.
The Chatham House Rule
When a meeting, or part thereof, is held under the Chatham House Rule, participants are free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker(s), nor that of any other participant, may be revealed.
Procedures for the Legal Network
Several procedures are in place to report breaches of the regulations, joining the Legal Network or creating additional groups.
Joining the Legal Network
Given the high level of confidentiality of some discussions, admission to (and continued membership in) the Legal Network is subject to the approval of the FSFE's Legal Team and depends on the respect of the Legal Network regulations.
Successful applicants will have profound expertise in legal matters pertaining to Free Software, and will join the Network in order to share their knowledge with their peers from around the world. While some members are indeed affiliated with prominent companies or organisations, this does not constitute a factor in assessing membership, which is awarded on a personal basis.
The Legal Network thrives in the diversity of its members. As such, there is a particular interest in welcoming new experts from the geographical areas that are currently under-represented (i.e. Eastern European countries, the Baltic states, Asia, South America and Africa).
Traditionally, a new member is presented to the FSFE's Legal Team by a Legal Network Member, but any presentation email will be considered.
If you intend to join or to propose someone as a Legal Network use our application form.
At regular intervals, the Legal Team Coordinator presents the proposed new members to our Legal Team. The Legal Team then decides on the admission of the new members through a vote.
Creating a Special Interest Group
Any member of the Legal Network can propose the creation of a Special Interest Group on a new topic by simply contacting the Legal Team Coordinator or by declaring such interest directly on the Legal Network
Breaches of regulation
The respect of the Code of Conduct and the Chatham House Rule is ensured by FSFE's Legal Team. Please report breaches as soon as they happen, so that we can take the appropriate measures. Depending on the gravity of the breach and its circumstances, the Legal Team will decide what sanction to apply (e.g. simple warning, moderation period, expulsion from the Legal Network).
- Such as e-mails, blogs, news, conference proceedings, papers…↩
- The Chatham House Rule. See also the dedicated Wikipedia page.↩


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Who Protects the Protectors…?
Looking at blogs from colleagues in the Police it seems as if this country of ours is going into a rapid terminal dive into the abyss. But what has caught my attention is this post from Inspector Gadget. How some of the judiciary can sleep at night I will never know.
A quick look at PC SouthWests blog shows us what has happened to common sense. It can only get better…cant it?


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Source: YES Magazine
GMO Infographics
"The Truth About Biotechnology"
Download the entire "Truth about Biotechnology" infographic here
"What Do You Know About GMOs?"
DOWNLOAD the entire "What Do You Know About GMOs?" infographic here
"What on Earth are GMOs?"
DOWNLOAD the entire "What on Earth are GMOs ?" infographic here.
Your students, no doubt, are familiar with OMG! But what about GMO?
GMOs are genetically modified organisms in which the genetic material or DNA has been altered in a way that doesn't occur naturally. GMOs seem to be a hotly debated topic around the world. Some people claim GM seeds yield higher agricultural productivity and ensure food security. Others maintain these seeds are unsafe to eat and destroy other seeds and crops. On the November 2012 ballot, a grassroots coalition of California citizens proposed an initiative to require the labeling of foods made from genetically modified organisms. The initiative failed, but proponents are looking to other states to take up their cause.
What do your students know about GMOs? Do they think they're good or bad? Why do we have them at all?
We found three infographics that represent different points of view on GMOs.
With your students, study the three infographics. For each one, ask:
- Look at the colors used and how the facts are displayed. What is the feeling or tone of the infographics? What else do you notice?
- What is the theme and purpose of the infographic?
- What is the position and perspective on GMOs?
- Who created the infographic? What do you know about this organization? Does knowing this influence how you interpret or view the chart? TIP: Look at the fine print at the bottom of the infographic.
After your students have analyzed this set of infographics, poll them on which infographic they found most influential (or not). Did their views on GMOs change?
- GMOs at the Polls: 7 Things to Tell Your Friends Before Election Day
Americans are the world's GMO guinea pigs, say Frances Moore Lappé and Anna Lappé. But California's ballot initiative on labeling GMO foods would give everyone the choice to change that for themselves.
- In Kenya, Farmers Grow Their Own Way
Thousands of grassroots, African-led efforts are building locally rooted alternatives to the chemical agriculture promoted by the Gates Foundation and Monsanto.
- New (and Old) Ideas for a Better Food System
Solutions for improving the food system: restore seed diversity and native varieties, steward water, build resiliency, process locally and cooperatively, treat everyone fairly, get local foods to local outlets.


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Our Saginaw medical malpractice lawyers handle medical malpractice cases against doctors, clinics, urgent care centers, nursing homes, pharmacies, and hospitals for medical errors and medical malpractice that cause injuries or death to the patient. When a patient dies due to medical malpractice, it gives rise to a wrongful death lawsuit.
Types of Saginaw Medical Malpractice Cases
There are many types of medical malpractice cases, including:
- Birth injuries
- Cerebral palsy
- Surgery errors
- Operating room mistakes
- Anesthesia mistakes
- Emergency room errors
- Radiology errors & misread x-rays
- Nursing negligence
- Patient Falls
- Medication mistakes
- Hospital infections
- Misdiagnosis
- Failure to Diagnose
- Nursing home abuse & neglect
- Wrongful death
Saginaw Area Hospitals and Medical Centers
Medical malpractice often occurs at a hospital. This includes improper treatment, misdiagnosis, surgery mistakes, failure to diagnose, and failure to order necessary medical testing before discharging a patient home. When a doctor or nurse at a hospital is negligent in their medical care of the patient, the hospital may be liable to the patient for injuries caused my medical malpractice.
In Saginaw and in the surrounding Saginaw area, the largest community hospitals include:
- Saginaw Community Hospital, Shields, Michigan
- Saint Lukes Hospital, Saginaw, Michigan
- Saint Marys Hospital, Saginaw, Michigan
- Select Specialty Hospital, Saginaw, Michigan
- Covenant Hospital, Saginaw, Michigan
- VA Medical Center, Saginaw, Michigan
Compensation In Saginaw Medical Malpractice Lawsuits
Medical malpractice lawsuit settlements include compensation paid for both economic and non-economic losses. Non-economic claims include payment for the pain and suffering caused by the medical negligence.
Medical negligence lawsuits that involve the death of the patient, further non-economic damages can be sought. These include compensation for loss of emotional support, comfort, companionship, society, moral support, and consortium. In the case of death, we will pursue a wrongful death lawsuit on your family's behalf.
Compensation is also owed to the family for ecomonic losses caused by the medical negligence. These include loss of earnings, loss of financial support and loss of work benefits (health insurance, pension). These claims all will contribute to the final settlement amount of the lawsuit.
No Fees Unless You Win A Saginaw Medical Malpractice Lawsuit
We do not charge any legal fees unless we are able to get you a settlement. We also pay all case costs and expenses. If you case is unsuccessful for any reason whatsoever, you will owe us nothing. We put that in writing for you.
Contact Our Saginaw Medical Malpractice Lawyers
If you or a loved one have been the victim of medical malpractice at a hospital or by a physician, it is important you contact our law firm today at (800) 606-1717. We will listen to your story and start working on your case immediately.


text:
West Florida Healthcare is proud to offer all private rooms to our patients. Our facility is the area's only Atrial Fibrillation Certified hospital and was the area's first Accredited Chest Pain Center with PCI and Breast Imaging Center of Excellence. We are also an Advanced Primary Stroke Center. The West Floirda Healthcare campus includes the all – more... private room acute care hospital, a mental health facility, and the area's only CARF-accredited, comprehensive physical rehabilitation hospital.
Affiliated with HCA, the nation's leading provider of healthcare, West Florida Healthcare offers major services in cardiology/cardiovascular surgery, oncology, neurology/neurosurgery, orthopedics, emergency care, behavioral health, obstetrics, rehabilitative medicine and many other medical specialties. – less


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Despite increases in gasoline prices over the majority of the last two months, drivers have seen the lowest gasoline prices for March in four years, and prices will likely see a springtime peak in April, AAA said on Monday.
On Monday, the average national price for regular gasoline stood at $3.555 a gallon, the highest daily average since Sept. 11 of last year, and prices have climbed 49 out of 52 days by a total of 29 cents a gallon. However, the monthly average of $3.507 was the least expensive for March since 2010, AAA said.
"Gas prices are less expensive than in recent years primarily because many refineries have increased capacity to take advantage of North American crude oil production," AAA said, and "gasoline demand was relatively weak during much of the winter due to strong storms and colder-than-normal temperatures."
AAA had said it expects the national average gas price to peak in April at $3.55 to $3.75 a gallon. "Most drivers likely will pay the highest gas prices of the year this spring, but there is still a possibility of something going wrong later in the year," Michael Green, AAA spokesman told MarketWatch, implying the possibility for a higher peak than that for the year. But AAA expects the national average will remain less expensive than last year's peak of $3.79.
There's "still a good chance that it will cost a little more at the pumps over the next few weeks," said Avery Ash, AAA spokesman, in a statement, with demand for the fuel set to increase as the weather grows warmer and driving increases. But most refineries will have completed maintenance by the end of April which "should allow gasoline supplies to build in advance of the summer driving season."
--Myra Saefong
Follow Myra @MktwSaefong
Follow The Tell on Twitter @thetellblog


text: AMD 740G chipset ASUS EPU Turbo key AMD AM3 CPU support 5000 hrs VRM Solid Capacitor Shop Modal header AMD® Phenom™ II/Athlon™ II/Sempron™ 100 Series Processors(AM3 CPU) This motherboard supports AMD® AM3 multi-core processors with unique L3 cache and delivers better overclocking capabilities with less power consumption. It features dual-channel DDR2 1066 memory support and accelerates data transfer rate up to 2600MT/s via HyperTransport™ 1.0 based system bus. This motherboard also supports AMD® CPUs in the new 45nm manufacturing process. AMD® Phenom™ X4/ Phenom™ X3/ Athlon™ X2/ Athlon™/ Sempron™ processors (socket AM2+/AM2) This motherboard supports AMD® Socket AM2+ multi-core processors. It features dual-channel DDR2 1066 memory support, data transfer rate up to 2600MT/s via HyperTransport™ 1.0 based system bus, and AMD® Cool ´n´ QuietTM Technology. Dual channel DDR2 1066 This motherboard is the first AMD® platform with native DDR2 1066 support. It provides faster data transfer rate and more bandwidth to increase memory data transfer rate and computing efficiency, enhancing system performance in 3D graphics and other memory demanding applications.*DDR2 1066 is supported by some of the AM2+/AM3 CPUs only. Refer to www.asus.com for the supported CPU models. AMD Cool ´n´ Quiet! Technology M2A74-AM supports AMD Cool ´n´ Quiet! Technology, which monitors system operation and automatically adjusts CPU voltage and frequency for a cool and quiet environment. Dual-Core CPU Enjoy the extraordinary CPU power from the latest dual-core CPU. The advanced processing technology contains two physical CPU cores with individually dedicated L2 cache to satisfy the rising demand for more powerful processing capability. 64-bit CPU support 64-bit computing, the technology to replace the 32-bit architecture, delivers advanced system performance, faster memory access and increased productivity. This motherboard provides excellent compatibility and flexibility by supporting either 64-bit or 32-bit architecture. PCI Express Architecture PCI Express is the latest I/O interconnect technology that replace the existing PCI. With a bus bandwidth 4 times higher than that of AGP 8X interface, PCI Express x16 bus performs much better in applications such as 3D gaming.v DVI Interface DVI (Digital Visual Interface) provides high visual quality of digital display devices such as LCD monitor. The interface of this motherboard supports dual VGA output both DVI-D and RGB and is HDCP compliant allowing playback of HD DVD, Blu-ray Disc. ASUS EPU System Level Energy SavingThe new ASUS EPU - the world´s first power saving engine, has been upgraded to a new 4-engine version, which provides total system power savings by detecting current PC loadings and intelligently moderating power in real-time. The EPU automatically provides the most appropriate power usage for the CPU, VGA card, hard drives and CPU cooler fan - helping save power and money. Serial ATA 3Gb/s This motherboard supports SATA hard drives based on the new SATA 3Gb/s storage specification.Allows RAID 0, RAID 1,RAID 10,and JBOD configurations for four SATA connectors. Gigbit LAN The on-board LAN controller is a highly integrated GbLAN controller. It is enhanced with an ACPI management function to provide efficient power management for advanced operating systems. High Definition Audio Enjoy high-quality sound system on your PC! The onboard 6-channel HD audio (High Definition Audio, previously codenamed Azalia) CODEC enables high-quality 192KHz/24-bit audio output, jack-sensing feature, retasking functions technology that automatically detects and identifies what types of peripherals are plugged into the audio I/O jacks and notifies users of inappropriate connection, meaning there will be no more confusion of Line-in, Line-out and Mic jacks. ASUS Q-Fan ASUS Q-Fan technology intelligently adjusts CPU fan speeds according to system loading to ensure quiet, cool and efficient operation. AI NET2 Diagnose LAN connection before entering OS!AI NET2 remotely detects cable connection the second you turn on the system, and any faulty connections are reported back up to 100 meters at 1 meter accuracy. Max. 10 USB 2.0 ports USB 2.0 is the latest connectivity standard for next generation components and peripherals. Backwards compatible with current USB 1.1 peripherals, USB 2.0 delivers transfer speeds up to 40 times faster at 480Mb/s, for easy connectivity and ultra-fast data transfers. Turbo Key ASUS Turbo Key allows the user to turn the PC power button into an overclocking button. After the easy setup, Turbo Key can boost performances without interrupting ongoing work or games - with just one touch!! ASUS CrashFree BIOS3 The ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3 allows users to restore corrupted BIOS data from a USB flash disk containing the BIOS file. This utility saves users the cost and hassle of buying a replacement BIOS chip. ASUS EZ Flash2 EZ Flash 2 is a user-friendly BIOS update utility. Simply launch this tool and update BIOS from a USB flash disk before entering the OS. You can update your BIOS only in a few clicks without preparing an additional floppy diskette or using an OS-based flash utility. MyLogo2 Turn your favorite photos into 256-color boot logos to personalize your system. C.P.R.(CPU Parameter Recall) When the system hangs due to overclocking failure, there is no need to open the case to clear CMOS data. Just simply restart the system, the BIOS would show the previous setting and then users can amend the CPU setting again. GreenASUS The motherboard and its packaging comply with the European Union´s Restriction on the use of Hazardous Substances (RoHS). This is in line with the ASUS vision of creating environment-friendly and recyclable products and packaging to safeguard consumers´ health while minimizing the impact on the environment.


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Sophomore forward Rudy Gay will be an NBA lottery pick when he turns pro even though he doesn't always play to his potential.
Forwards Josh Boone and Hilton Armstrong and point guard Marcus Williams look as if they'll be first-round picks too, and guards Denham Brown and Rashad Anderson could go in the second. (Boone and Williams, like Gay, are underclassmen.)
Having the best assortment of NBA talent doesn't necessarily translate into a national championship, of course, but the threats in the regional aren't overwhelming.
Tennessee, seeded second, lost four of its last six games. The real threat is probably defending champion North Carolina, but the Tar Heels are a freshman-laden team after their own exodus of NBA talent.
Illinois has Dee Brown and James Augustine from the starting five that lost to North Carolina in the title game but is hardly the same team.
Washington has a terrific player in Brandon Roy, but was swept by Washington State.
Michigan State has a toughness that can cause teams trouble and offensive threats in Maurice Ager, Paul Davis and Shannon Brown.
But back to Connecticut: When Anderson — who scored 18 points in the 2004 NCAA championship game but has had health problems — comes off the bench, you know a team is loaded.
You could compare Connecticut to the North Carolina team with Sean May, Rashad McCants, Raymond Felton and Marvin Williams that won last season.
Or you could compare Connecticut to the 1999 Duke team that had Elton Brand, Shane Battier and Corey Maggette — and lost to Connecticut in the title game.
But with capable shooters and a point guard who can deliver the ball and make free throws if the game is close — and a Hall of Fame coach in Jim Calhoun — there's not any good reason to bet against Connecticut.
Location: Storrs.
Conference: Big East.
Record: 27-3.
Against tournament field: 12-3.
Away from home: 11-3.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Nov. 23, at Maui vs. Gonzaga, 65-63; Jan. 7, at Hartford, Conn., vs. Louisiana State, 67-66; Feb. 4, at Indiana, 88-80.
Disturbing losses: Jan. 3, at Marquette, 94-79; March 9, at New York vs. Syracuse, 86-84 (OT).
Top players: Rudy Gay, F, So., 15.3 ppg., 6.7 rpg.; Rashad Anderson, G/F, Sr., 13.2 ppg.; Marcus Williams, G, Jr., 10.7 ppg., 8.6 apg.
Scouting report: Coach Jim Calhoun has at his disposal an impressive collection of height, speed and strength.
Revenue/expenses: $7,896,974/$5,524,998.
Little-known fact: Connecticut owns the most regular-season Big East men's basketball titles, nine.
Location: Knoxville.
Conference: Southeastern.
Record: 21-7.
Against tournament field: 6-5.
Away from home: 8-5.
In last 10 games: 6-4.
Impressive victories: Dec. 17, at Texas, 95-78; Feb. 7, at Kentucky, 75-67; Feb. 22, at Florida, 76-72.
Disturbing losses: Dec. 22, at Oklahoma City vs. Oklahoma State, 89-73; March 10, at Nashville vs. South Carolina, 79-71.
Top players: Chris Lofton, G, So., 17.3 ppg, 45.3% 3-pt.; C.J. Watson, G, Sr., 15.3 ppg, 4.1 apg.
Scouting report: The Volunteers, upset by South Carolina in a quarterfinal of the SEC tournament, lost four of their last six games. Still, it has been a strong first season for Coach Bruce Pearl, who has the Volunteers in the NCAA tournament for the first time since 2001.
Revenue/expenses: $5,360,050/$4,503,085.
Little-known fact: The Volunteers have more than 100 more steals than their opponents.
Location: Chapel Hill.
Conference: Atlantic Coast.
Record: 22-7.
Against tournament field: 6-4.
Away from home: 9-3.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Dec. 3, at Kentucky, 83-79; Jan. 30, vs. Arizona 86-69; March 4, at Duke, 83-76.
Disturbing losses: Dec. 21, at USC, 74-59; Jan. 14, vs. Miami, 81-70.
Top players: Tyler Hansbrough, F, Fr., 19.1 ppg., 7.8 rpg; Reyshawn Terry, F, Jr., 14.7 ppg., 6.0 rpg.
Scouting report: The Tar Heels led the conference in assists, a testament to unselfishness and to Coach Roy Williams' patience with a young team.
Revenue/expenses: $15,016,479/$4,845,388.
Little-known fact: Hansbrough leads North Carolina in scoring and rebounding, something no Tar Heel freshman has ever done.
Location: Champaign.
Conference: Big Ten.
Record: 25-6.
Against tournament field: 7-4.
Away from home: 9-5.
In last 10 games: 6-4.
Impressive victories: Nov. 29, at North Carolina, 68-64; Dec. 8, vs. Georgetown, 58-48.
Disturbing losses: Jan. 7, at Iowa, 63-48; Feb. 4, vs. Penn State, 66-65.
Top players: Dee Brown, G, Sr., 14.4 ppg., 5.6 apg; James Augustine, F/C, Sr., 13.5 ppg., 9.3 rpg.
Scouting report: The Fighting Illini win with defense and rebounding. They led the Big Ten and ranked sixth nationally in scoring defense, giving up an average of 57.7 points. They out-rebounded opponents by nearly seven a game.
Revenue/expenses: $11,346,034/$3,239,017.
Little-known fact: Only Duke, with 177 wins, has won more games than Illinois (166) in the last six seasons.
Location: Seattle.
Conference: Pacific 10.
Record: 24-6.
Against tournament field: 6-2.
Away from home: 7-4.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Dec. 4, vs. Gonzaga, 99-95; Jan. 14, at UCLA, 69-65; Feb. 11, vs. UCLA, 70-67.
Disturbing losses: Jan. 7, vs. Washington State, 78-71; Feb. 4, at Washington State, 77-64; March 9, at Los Angeles vs. Oregon, 84-73.
Top players: Brandon Roy, G, Sr., 19.9 ppg., 5.7 rpg.; Jamaal Williams, F, Sr., 13.4 ppg., 4.7 rpg.
Scouting report: The high-scoring Huskies had been the hottest Pac-10 team until stumbling against Oregon in the conference tournament.
Revenue/expenses: $5,000,082/$3,191,388.
Little-known fact: Washington is making its third consecutive NCAA tournament appearance.
Location: East Lansing.
Conference: Big Ten.
Record: 22-11.
Against tournament field: 8-8.
Away from home: 10-9.
In last 10 games: 4-6.
Impressive victories: Nov. 23, at Maui vs. Arizona, 74-71 (OT); Dec. 6, at New York vs. Boston College, 77-70.
Disturbing losses: Nov. 19, at Hawaii, 84-62; Feb. 11, at Minnesota, 69-55.
Top players: Maurice Ager, G, Sr., 19.1 ppg., 4.1 rpg; Shannon Brown, G, Jr., 17.6 ppg., 4.5 rpg; Paul Davis, C, Sr., 17.8 ppg., 9.3 rpg.
Scouting report: Ager, Brown and Davis account for 73% of the Spartans' scoring. The Spartans were fourth in the nation in free-throw shooting (77.7%).
Revenue/expenses: $11,019,187/$6,297,369.
Little-known fact: Coach Tom Izzo has a .702 winning percentage, best in Big Ten history.
Location: Wichita, Kan.
Conference: Missouri Valley.
Record: 24-8.
Against tournament field: 4-7.
Away from home: 10-6.
In last 10 games: 7-3.
Impressive victories: Jan. 14, vs. Missouri State, 81-57; Jan. 22, at Missouri State, 68-62; Feb. 14, vs. Creighton, 62-61 (OT).
Disturbing losses: Nov. 25, at Illinois, 55-54; Dec. 10, vs. Michigan State, 83-64; March 4, at St. Louis vs. Bradley, 60-52.
Top players: Paul Miller, C, Sr., 13.0 ppg., 6.5 rpg.; Sean Ogirri, G, So., 11.9 ppg.; Kyle Wilson, F, Jr., 11.2 ppg.
Scouting report: The Shockers have balanced scoring, with four players averaging double figures.
Revenue/expenses: $3,065,331/2,012,670.
Little-known fact: In 1984-85, Xavier McDaniel became the first player to lead Division I in scoring and rebounding.
Location: Lexington.
Conference: Southeastern.
Record: 21-12.
Against tournament field: 5-9.
Away from home: 11-7.
In last 10 games: 6-4.
Impressive victories: Nov. 22, at Kansas City vs. West Virginia, 80-66; March 1, at Tennessee, 80-78.
Disturbing losses: Jan. 7, at Kansas, 73-46; Jan. 10, vs. Vanderbilt, 57-52; Feb. 11, at Vanderbilt, 84-81.
Top players: Randolph Morris, C, So., 13.5 ppg, 6.0 rpg; Rajon Rondo, G, So., 11.3 ppg, 6.0 rpg, 4.9 apg.
Scouting report: The Wildcats had two three-game losing streaks and lost five games at Rupp Arena, where they have lost 48 games in 30 years.
Revenue/expenses: $12,854,928/$5,637,354.
Little-known fact: Equipment manager Bill Keightley, 79, is in his 45th year on the job and has seen 1,394 of Kentucky's 2,521 games.
Location: Birmingham.
Conference: Conference USA.
Record: 24-6.
Against tournament field: 1-2.
Away from home: 10-5.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Dec. 28, vs. Oklahoma State, 90-71; Jan. 14, at Marshall, 76-64; March 2, vs. Memphis, 80-74.
Disturbing losses: Nov. 29, vs. Western Kentucky, 92-76; Dec. 6, at DePaul, 70-66; Feb. 8, at Texas El Paso, 65-37.
Top players: Marvett McDonald, G, Sr., 15.0 ppg.; Carldell Johnson, G, Sr., 6.2 apg.
Scouting report: Coach Mike Anderson uses his depth to press and score fast.
Revenue/expenses: $1,925,055/$2,076,208.
Little-known fact: Cincinnati Coach Andy Kennedy is UAB's all-time leader in three-pointers made and attempted in a season. He played for the Blazers from 1988 to 1991.
Location: South Orange, N.J.
Conference: Big East.
Record: 18-11.
Against tournament field: 6-4.
Away from home: 5-7.
In last 10 games: 5-5.
Impressive victories: Jan. 25, at North Carolina State, 83-65; Feb. 14, vs. West Virginia, 71-64; March 3, at Pittsburgh, 65-61.
Disturbing losses: Dec. 1, at Richmond, 60-49; Dec. 18, vs. Northwestern, 44-42; Feb. 25, at DePaul, 67-64.
Top players: Donald Copeland, G, Sr., 16.1 ppg., 4.9 apg.; Kelly Whitney, F/C, Sr., 15.1 ppg, 8.0 rpg.
Scouting report: The Pirates turned the ball over 10 or fewer times in six games (all victories).
Revenue/expenses: $3,889,638/$3,889,638.
Little-known fact: P.J. Carlesimo recently was voted Seton Hall coach of the century.
Location: Fairfax, Va.
Conference: Colonial Athletic.
Record: 23-7.
Against tournament field: 3-1.
Away from home: 11-6.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Nov. 10, vs. UC Irvine, 79-56; Dec. 21, vs. Hampton, 79-66; Feb. 18, at Wichita State, 70-67.
Disturbing losses: Feb. 23, at Hofstra, 77-66; March 5, at Richmond., Va., vs. Hofstra, 58-49.
Top players: Jai Lewis, F/C, Sr., 14.0 ppg, 7.9 rpg; Will Thomas, F, So., 11.6 ppg, 6.9 rpg; Tony Skinn, G, Sr., 12.8 ppg.
Scouting report: Lewis and Thomas lead a balanced offense that has five players averaging double figures.
Revenue/expenses: $1,027,612/$1,150,050.
Little-known fact: Coach Jim Larranaga led Providence to a 20-8 record and to the NIT in his senior season.
Location: Logan.
Conference: Western Athletic.
Record: 23-8.
Against tournament field: 4-2.
Away from home: 9-6.
In last 10 games: 7-3.
Impressive victories: Nov. 19, at Oral Roberts, 72-67; Jan. 23, at Nevada, 59-53.
Disturbing losses: Nov. 30, at Utah, 67-66; Jan. 7, at Fresno State, 99-96; Feb. 11, vs. New Mexico State, 83-77.
Top players: Nate Harris, F, Sr., 17.2 ppg, 7.5 rpg, 3.1 apg; Jaycee Carroll, G, So., 16.1 ppg, 45% 3-pt.
Scouting report: The Aggies are a balanced team with a strong inside presence in Harris and a solid outside shooter in Carroll.
Revenue/expenses: $760,183/$1,266,239.
Little-known fact: Utah State, making its 17th NCAA tournament appearance, has made six conference finals in the last seven years.
Location: Colorado Springs, Colo.
Conference: Mountain West.
Record: 24-6.
Against tournament field: 1-2.
Away from home: 9-6.
In last 10 games: 7-3.
Impressive victories: Dec. 28, vs. Georgia Tech, 54-46; Jan. 7, vs. San Diego State, 65-62.
Disturbing losses: Jan. 11, at Wyoming, 55-50; Jan. 21, at New Mexico, 62-59; March 9, at Denver vs. Wyoming, 57-55.
Top players: Antoine Hood, G, Sr., 14.8 ppg.; Jacob Burtschi, F, Jr., 12.4 ppg.; Dan Nwaelele, G/F, Jr., 11.7 ppg.
Scouting report: Air Force set a school record for wins in a season, but enters the NCAA tournament after falling to 0-7 in conference tournament first-round games.
Revenue/expenses: Not available.
Little-known fact: Air Force is making its second tournament appearance since 1962.
Location: Murray, Ky.
Conference: Ohio Valley.
Record: 24-6.
Against tournament field: 0-2.
Away from home: 10-5.
In last 10 games: 9-1.
Impressive victories: Dec. 19, at Jacksonville State, 91-72; Jan. 26, vs. Tennessee Tech, 55-51.
Disturbing losses: Dec. 21., at Samford, 60-51; Jan. 16, at Eastern Illinois, 59-54.
Top players: Shawn Witherspoon, F, Jr., 10.8 ppg, 7.8 rpg; Trey Pearson, G, Jr., 10 ppg.; Darnell Hopkins, G, Sr., 9.0 ppg.
Scouting report: The Racers will need Witherspoon to help control the inside if they hope to have a good tournament.
Revenue/expenses: $959,291/$1,230,827
Little-known fact: Hall of Famer Joseph Fulks, who played at Murray State, was one of the first players to switch from the two-handed shot to the one-handed shot.
Location: Rock Hill, S.C.
Conference: Big South.
Record: 23-7.
Against tournament field: 1-2.
Away from home: 7-6.
In last 10 games: 9-1.
Impressive victories: Nov. 19, at Marquette, 71-64; Jan. 21, at High Point, 70-67; March 4, vs. Coastal Carolina, 51-50.
Disturbing losses: Dec. 3, at Alabama, 60-57; Dec. 14, at South Carolina, 68-54; Jan. 24, vs. Coastal Carolina, 64-57.
Top players: Torrell Martin, G, Jr., 13.8 ppg, 5.4 rpg; James Shuler, F, Sr., 13.4 ppg, 4.3 rpg, 3.5 apg; Craig Bradshaw, C, Jr., 12.9 ppg, 6.0 rpg.
Scouting report: Led by Martin and Shuler, the Eagles are a well-balanced defense-minded team.
Revenue/expenses: $518,853/$739,958.
Little-known fact: In eight seasons at the school, Coach Gregg Marshall has led Winthrop to the NCAA tournament six times.
Location: Albany, N.Y.
Conference: America East.
Record: 21-10.
Against tournament field: 0-3.
Away from home: 11-7.
In last 10 games: 8-2.
Impressive victories: Dec. 10, at Cleveland State, 78-65; Jan. 28, at Binghamton, 52-51; March 11, vs. Vermont, 80-67.
Disturbing losses: Nov. 21, vs. Sacred Heart, 63-61; Nov. 26, at San Diego State, 80-53; Jan. 22, vs. New Hampshire, 75-72 (OT).
Top players: Jamar Wilson, G, Jr., 17.7 ppg, 5.0 rpg, 3.6 apg; Brent Wilson, F, So., 10.6 ppg, 4.5 rpg.
Scouting report: The Great Danes like to pound the ball inside to Brent Wilson but Jamar Wilson, the America East player of the year, is the one who makes everything work.
Revenue/expenses: $156,279/$780,993.
Little-known fact: The last time Albany won at least 20 games was in 1993-94.
No. 8 Kentucky vs. No. 9 Ala. Birmingham
Two seasons ago, UAB upset top-seeded Kentucky in the second round with the frenzied "40 minutes of hell" style Coach Mike Anderson learned under Nolan Richardson at Arkansas. There's more history: UAB upset Kentucky in the second round in 1981 as well. UAB's upset credentials this season are bolstered by a victory over Memphis, although the Blazers also lost to Memphis twice.
No. 10 Seton Hall over No. 7 Wichita State
It doesn't sound like an upset, but with Seton Hall seeded 10th and Wichita State seeded seventh, it qualifies. Wichita State is one of those Missouri Valley Conference teams that compiled a very good RPI for no very obvious reason, and this will be a referendum on the MVC. Mutual-opponent note: Wichita State defeated Providence by eight at home. Seton Hall, the seventh-place team in the Big East, defeated Providence on the road by three.
Marcus Williams, Connecticut
You can make an argument for Washington's Brandon Roy or North Carolina's Tyler Hansbrough, whose 40-point performance against Georgia Tech set the Atlantic Coast Conference freshman scoring record. But since Connecticut is the pick, stick with Williams, the Huskies' most important player. After sitting out the first 11 games this season because of his involvement in the theft of some laptop computers — and stirring controversy when he returned — he has averaged 8.6 assists.
It will be UConn over North Carolina in the regional final. And at the Final Four, Jim Calhoun will have a chance to match Bob Knight and Mike Krzyzewski by winning his third title. If Connecticut wins, Calhoun will have won his championships in eight years and would be tied with Knight and Krzyzewski for most titles by any coach not named John Wooden or Adolph Rupp. (Wooden won 10 titles and Rupp won four.)
— Robyn Norwood


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Palo Alto Real Estate
With its international reputation as a leader in technological development, educational prowess, California heritage tradition and outstanding climate, Palo Alto is quite an extraordinary place. Home to Stanford University, the town has been greatly influenced by the academic community and many Palo Alto residents first came to attend Stanford, and ended up staying, contributing to the city's diversity. Thought of as the gateway to Silicon Valley, a number of the first technology companies originated here, many of them founded by Stanford Alumni. The community is highly walkable and offers charming residential streets and leafy boulevards. University Avenue serves as Palo Alto's downtown and feature upscale restaurants, charming bistros, galleries and boutiques and is within easy walking distance of Stanford. Categorized as an "urban forest," Palo Alto is home to a variety of environmental spaces such as The Baylands' marshes, rolling foothills, thriving creeks, multi-use parks and community gardens. Whether strolling one of the fashionable downtowns or enjoying the natural beauty of a local park, Palo Alto has something for everyone.
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A little over a year ago we had the VW Beetle in for a week of testing, it was the 2.5L 5 cylinder with an automatic. We never published a review on it, because we flat out didn't like it, though it was for personal reasons more than anything else. It felt like a pure nostalgia play, and it wasn't enjoyable to drive.
When our VW rep called and asked if we wanted to try the Beetle with the TDI Clean Diesel, we said, "sure, why not". We wondered if Volkswagen's terrific TDI engine could be a saving grace. Turns out it absolutely transformed the car!
This TDI Beetle with a manual was not only a hoot to drive, it returned 47-48mpg on the highway at 80mph! Sit back and have a look as Rumblestrip.NET and Ten Minute Test Drive have a go with the 2013 Volkswagen Beetle TDI.


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The Ministry of Magic Witch Watchers are a special Ministry of Magic force that presumably is stationed at strategical places in search of fugitive criminals.[1]
When Sirius Black was on the run in 1993, he was sighted in Dufftown by a sleepy Muggle woman. This woman alerted the Crime Watchers Hotline and the Ministry of Magic was duly informed. Taken by surprise and in a desperate measure to seize Black, Minister Cornelius Fudge ordered hundreds of Witch Watcher Special Forces to the village. The Ministry's attempt to catch Black was unsuccessful, however, as he had already left Dufftown when the Witch Watchers arrived.[1]
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film) (First mentioned) (Mentioned on Daily Prophet)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) (Mentioned in Daily Prophet)
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film) - Chapter 11 (Boggart in the Wardrobe)


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.Classified ads are not allowed on the forum.
OK thanks, but just so I understand correctly that I do not pack the bearing like the front and that they are lubricated by the 90 wt gear oil. That Extra grease is just between the bearing and the seal correct?


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The bulk of this book addresses the capabilities of the MySQL engine and illustrates the uses of MySQL through sample applications that manipulate data stored in various types of databases. Before we get into that, though, it's important that you have a sound technical understanding of how MySQL works, so that you can make informed decisions about how best to deploy and optimize the application for your needs.
To that end, this chapter is primarily focused on giving you an overall view of the components and functionality that make up MySQL. Understanding these features will be helpful as you read further through the book and apply your knowledge to the development of MySQL-based applications.
An Overview of MySQL Architecture
MySQL is based on a tiered architecture, consisting of both primary subsystems and support components that interact with each other to read, parse, and execute queries, and to cache and return query results.
Primary Subsystems
The MySQL architecture consists of five primary subsystems that work together to respond to a request made to the MySQL database server:
- The Query Engine
- The Storage Manager
- The Buffer Manager
- The Transaction Manager
- The Recovery Manager
The organization of these features is shown in Figure 1.We'll explain each one briefly to help you gain a better understanding of how the parts fit together.
FIGURE 1 MySQL subsystems
The Query Engine
This subsystem contains three interrelated components:
- The Syntax Parser
- The Query Optimizer
- The Execution Component
The Syntax Parser decomposes the SQL commands it receives from calling programs into a form that can be understood by the MySQL engine. The objects that will be used are identified, along with the correctness of the syntax. The Syntax Parser also checks the objects being referenced to ensure that the privilege level of the calling program allows it to use them.
The Query Optimizer then streamlines the syntax for use by the Execution Component, which then prepares the most efficient plan of query execution. The Query Optimizer checks to see which index should be used to retrieve the data as quickly and efficiently as possible. It chooses one from among the several ways it has found to execute the query and then creates a plan of execution that can be understood by the Execution Component.
The Query Optimizer uses probability-based induction, so you may want to override it if you think that you already know the ideal way to access your query results; this will prevent the engine from using another, less optimal plan. MySQL provides you the option of giving the engine certain "hints" if you want it to use specific indexes without checking the Optimizer.
The Execution Component then interprets the execution plan and, based on the information it has received, makes requests of the other components to retrieve the records.
Adapting to the Environment
MySQL takes advantage of the separation between the Query Engine and the rest of the components to provide table handlers in addition to the native MyISAM handler, such as handlers for HEAP and MERGE table types. It also provides a new Storage Manager and a new Transaction Manager for each table handler. Since InnoDB and BDB table types have transaction features not present in the native MySQL types, these were modified by their respective third-party creators to adapt to being plugged into MySQL's existing Query Engine.
You can read more about the various table types supported by MySQL in Chapter 8.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=An Overview of MySQL Architecture (cont'd)}
The Storage Manager
The Storage Manager interfaces with the operating system (OS) to write data to the disk efficiently. Because the storage functions reside in a separate subsystem, the MySQL engine operates at a level of abstraction away from the operating system. This means that if you port to a different operating system that uses a different storage mechanism, for example, you can rewrite only the storage portion of the code while leaving the rest of the engine as is. With the help of MySQL's Function Libraries (discussed shortly in the section "Support Components"), the Storage Manager writes to disk all of the data in the user tables, indexes, and logs as well as the internal system data.
The Query Cache If a query returns a given set of records, repeating the same query should return the same set of records unless the underlying data has somehow changed. As obvious as this sounds, few of the other major relational database management system (RDBMS) vendors provide features that take advantage of this principle. Other database products are efficient in storing optimized access plans that detail the process by which data is retrieved; such plans allow queries similar to those that have been issued previously to bypass the process of analyzing indexes yet again to get to the data.
Result set caching takes this principle a step further by storing the result sets themselves in memory, thus circumventing the need to search the database at all. The data from a query is simply placed in a cache, and when a similar query is issued, this data is returned as if in response to the query that created it in the first place.
The MySQL engine uses an extremely efficient result set caching mechanism, known as the Query Cache, that dramatically enhances response times for queries that are called upon to retrieve the exact same data as a previous query.
This mechanism is so efficient that a major computing publication declared MySQL queries to be faster than those of Oracle and SQL Server (which are both known for their speed). If implemented properly, decision support systems using MySQL with canned reports or data-driven web pages can provide response speeds far beyond those that would be expected without the Query Cache.
The Buffer Manager
This subsystem handles all memory management issues between requests for data by the Query Engine and the Storage Manager. MySQL makes aggressive use of memory to cache result sets that can be returned as-is rather than making duplicate requests to the Storage Manager; this cache is maintained in the Buffer Manager.
This is also the area where new records can be cached while waiting for availability of targeted tables and indexes. If any new data is needed, it's requested from the Storage Manager and placed in the buffer before then being sent to the Query Engine.
The Transaction Manager
The function of the Transaction Manager is to facilitate concurrency in data access. This subsystem provides a locking facility to ensure that multiple simultaneous users access the data in a consistent way, without corrupting or damaging the data in any way. Transaction control takes place via the Lock Manager subcomponent, which places and releases locks on various objects being used in transactions. Each transactional table handler implements its own Transaction Manager to handle all locking and concurrency needs.
The Recovery Manager
The Recovery Manager's job is to keep copies of data for retrieval later, in case of a loss of data. It also logs commands that modify the data and other significant events inside the database.
So far, only the InnoDB and BDB table handlers provide recovery management. The MyISAM handler doesn't have transactional recovery procedures, but it does provide mechanisms that apply certain recovery features in case of a server outage; these features "fix" any internal inconsistencies that might occur as the result of such a crash. Such inconsistencies are usually related to indexes not being properly updated to reflect the contents of a table or records being incompletely written to a database.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Support Components}
In addition to the five primary subsystems, the MySQL architecture contains the following two support components:
- The Process Manager
- Function Libraries
The Process Manager
This component performs two functions in the system. First, it manages user connections, via modules for network connection management with clients. Second, it synchronizes competing tasks and processes, via modules for multi-threading, thread locking, and performing thread-safe operations.
Function Libraries
This component contains general-purpose routines that are used by all the other subsystems. It includes routines for string manipulation, sorting operations, and such operating-system-specific functions as memory management and file I/O.
Subsystem/Component Interaction and Control Flow
The Query Engine requests that data be read from or written to the Buffer Manager to satisfy a user query. It depends on the Transaction Manager to request the locking of data so that concurrency is ensured. To perform table creation and drop operations, the Query Engine accesses the Storage Manager directly, bypassing the Buffer Manager, to create or delete files in the file system.
The Buffer Manager caches data from the Storage Manager for efficient retrieval by the Query Engine. It depends on the Transaction Manager to check the locking status of the data before it performs any modification operations.
The Transaction Manager depends on the Query Cache and the Storage Manager to place locks on data in memory and in the file system, respectively.
The Recovery Manager uses the Storage Manager to store command/event logs and backups of the data in the file system. It depends on the Transaction Manager to obtain locks on the log files being written. The Recovery Manager also needs to use the Buffer Manager during recovery from crashes.
The Storage Manager depends on the operating system file system for persistent storage and retrieval of data. It depends on the Transaction Manager to obtain locking status information.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=The MySQL Engine}
MySQL supports small, embedded kiosk-style applications as well as the occasional five billion-record data warehouse. This versatility is possible in part because of the MySQL engine, which has been designed for maximum scalability, maximum resource efficiency, and easy portability to various platforms and architectures. This section will discuss the important characteristics of this engine in greater detail.
MySQL is designed on the assumption that the vast majority of its applications will be running on a TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) network. This is a fairly good assumption, given that TCP/IP is not only highly robust and secure, but is also common to UNIX, Windows, OS/2, and almost any other serious operating system you'll likely encounter. When the client and the server are on the same UNIX machine, MySQL uses TCP/IP with UNIX sockets, which operate in the UNIX domain; that is, they are generally used between processes on the same UNIX system (as opposed to Internet sockets, which operate between networks).
That being said, MySQL does allow named-pipe connections, which were designed mainly to support network connections in earlier non-TCP/IP networks, such as LAN Manager and Windows NETBEUI. (NETBEUI uses an addressing scheme based on the NETBIOS machine name rather than a routable IP address.)
The Structured Query Language (SQL) is an open standard that has been maintained by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) since 1986. Although it's true that the implementation of this standard does differ in varying degrees from vendor to vendor, it's fair to say that SQL is today one of the most widely used cross-vendor languages. As with other implementations, such as SQL Server's T-SQL (Transact-SQL) and Oracle's SQL, MySQL has its own variations of the SQL standard that add power beyond what is available within the standard. Although MySQL's SQL queries will be explored in much greater detail in subsequent chapters, we'll introduce their use in this section to provide a framework for your understanding of the data-retrieval and decision-support capabilities of MySQL.
One thing that can be said about SQL is that it's easy to get started. With a simple statement like this one, you can begin retrieving data:
mysql> SELECT year, make, model, price FROM vehiclesales LIMIT 10;
| year | make | model | price |
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
As you can see, the syntax isn't arcane, nor is it difficult to understand—in fact, it looks almost like spoken English (which is great for English speakers). If you wanted to sort the above result set by price, you would simply add the phrase ORDER BY price to the end of the statement and run it.
Compared to C++, Java, and Perl, SQL at first glance seems easy to learn and hard to obfuscate, which often makes newcomers to SQL think that the learning curve will be much shorter than it actually is. In reality, it can take just as long to master SQL as it does other languages—people have written entire books about using SQL for data extraction without even addressing the other data manipulation features that the language offers. Take a look at the following query, which is perhaps more representative of the type you'll be called upon to perform:
mysql> SELECT
AVG(a.price) AS s_price,
AVG(b.price) AS a_price
FROM vehiclesales a INNER JOIN vehiclesales b
a.year = (b.year + 1) and
a.make = b.make and
a.model = b.model and
a.trim = b.trim
HAVING AVG(a.price) > (AVG(b.price)* 1.25);
This query retrieves the names of vehicles that have an average price that has gone over 25 percent of the average price of the same type of vehicle for a previous year.
Data Integrity
MySQL supports engine-level data integrity through the use of primary key and foreign key constraints. Columns can be defined so that explicit NULL values cannot be entered into them. To prevent empty columns, MySQL supports the use of default values, which, when combined with NOT NULL properties, ensure that valid data is entered into a column that would otherwise be left blank.
Until recently, MySQL was not known for its transaction-handling capabilities; however, since version 3.23, MySQL has been providing table handlers, such as InnoDB and BDB, that manage transactions in much the same manner as other commercial RDBMS products. A transaction-safe database system must pass what is known as the ACID test to qualify for compliance. An ACID-compliant database must support the following characteristics:
- Atomicity
- Consistency
- Isolation
- Durability
Let's look at these characteristics in detail.
|Coming Soon…
While future releases of MySQL are expected to have foreign keys in all table types, these referential integrity declarations are currently available only with the InnoDB table type.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Characteristics in Detail}
A transaction is defined as an action, or a series of actions, that can access or change the contents of a database. In SQL terminology, a transaction occurs when one or more SQL statements operate as one unit. Each SQL statement in such a unit is dependent on the others; in other words, if one statement does not complete, the entire unit will be rolled back, and all the affected data will be returned to the state it was in before the transaction was started. Grouping the SQL statements as part of a single unit (or transaction) tells MySQL that the entire unit should be executed atomically.
Atomic execution is an all-or-nothing proposition. All of the SQL statements must be completed for the database to maintain a state of data integrity; otherwise, none of the statements will be finalized and committed to disk. In MySQL, the beginning of a transaction is marked with a BEGIN statement. The transaction (or unit of work) will not be considered complete until a COMMIT command is issued to tell MySQL to complete the action. When necessary, the ROLLBACK command will initiate a rolling back of all changes to the state before the BEGIN statement.
An everyday real-world example of this can be found in the banking business. By debiting and crediting your bank account, your bank adds and subtracts money from the account within one transaction. These updates usually involve multiple tables. The bank would not be able to maintain data integrity without guaranteeing that the entire transaction will take place, not just part of it.
Transaction management is particularly important to client-server systems that perform data entry or to any application that must be able to count on a high degree of safety from undetected data loss, such as the banking example described here.
Consistency exists when every transaction leaves the system in a consistent state, regardless of whether the transaction completes successfully or fails midway.
For example, imagine that your bank uses a transaction that is supposed to transfer money from one bank account to another. If the transaction debits one bank account for the requisite amount but fails to credit the other account with a corresponding amount, the system would no longer be in a consistent state. In this case, the transaction would violate the consistency constraint, and the system would no longer be ACID-compliant.
In MySQL, consistency is primarily handled by MySQL's logging mechanisms, which record all changes to the database and provide an audit trail for transaction recovery. If the system goes down in the middle of a transaction, the MySQL recovery process will use these logs to discover whether or not the transaction was successfully completed and roll it back if required.
In addition to the logging process, MySQL also provides locking mechanisms that ensure that all of the tables, rows, and indexes that make up the transaction are locked by the initiating process long enough to either commit the transaction or roll it back.
Isolation implies that every transaction occurs in its own space, isolated from other transactions that may be occurring in the system, and that the results of a transaction are visible only once the entire sequence of events making up the transaction has been fully executed. Even though multiple transactions may be occurring simultaneously in such a system, the isolation principle ensures that the effects of a particular transaction are not visible until the transaction is fully complete.
This is particularly important when the system supports multiple simultaneous users and connections (as MySQL does); systems that do not conform to this fundamental principle can cause massive data corruption, as the integrity of each transaction's individual space will be quickly violated by other competing, often conflicting, transactions.
Interestingly, MySQL offers the use of server-side semaphore variables that act as traffic managers to help programs manage their own isolation mechanisms. These variables are useful in cases for which you prefer not to incur the overhead of the Transaction Managers, or when a recovery plan is possible outside of the confines of log recovery. MySQL InnoDB tables offer isolation in transactions involving multiple queries, while MyISAM tables allow you to simulate isolation via the LOCK TABLES command.
Durability, which means that changes from a committed transaction persist even if the system crashes, comes into play when a transaction has completed and the logs have been updated in the database. Most RDBMS products ensure data consistency by keeping a log of all activity that alters data in the database in any way. This database log keeps track of any and all updates made to tables, queries, reports, and so on. If you have turned on the database log , you already know that using it will slow down the performance of your database when it comes to writing data. (It will not, however, affect the speed of your queries.)
In MySQL, you can specify whether or not you wish to use transactions by choosing the appropriate table handlers, depending on your application. The InnoDB table handler performs logging a bit differently than BDB does, while MyISAM does not support the type of logs that would permit you to be assured of a durable database. By default, InnoDB tables are 100% durable to the last second prior to a crash. MyISAM tables offer partial durability—all changes committed to the system prior to the last FLUSH TABLES command are guaranteed to be saved to disk.
SQL Server and Oracle, for instance, are able to restore a database to a previous state by restoring a previously backed-up database and, in essence, "replaying" all subsequent transactions up until the point of failure. These database products do not encourage the direct use of—nor do they expose the inner data structures of—the log files, because those files form part of the database engine's recovery mechanism.
MySQL also keeps a binary log of all data manipulation activity in sequential order. However, unlike the logs used in other databases, this log is easy to read, which means that it's a relatively straightforward task to recover lost data by using the last backup in combination with the log.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Extensibility}
In most RDBMS products, you can extend the capabilities of the database by using stored procedures. The programmability is usually further extended by enhancements to SQL that contains control-of-flow statements and conditional logic, as SQL Server does with T-SQL and Oracle with PL/SQL.
As of yet, MySQL includes no support for stored procedures, but one of the great benefits of this RDBMS is its extensibility. In keeping with its open-source roots, MySQL makes the original source code available as part of the distribution, which permits developers to add new functions and features that are compiled into the engine as part of the core product. MySQL also allows separate C and C++ libraries to be loaded in the same memory space as the engine when MySQL starts up.
Either of these methods will allow users to interact with your functions in the same way as they would with any of the already built-in functions available in MySQL, such as SUM() or AVG(). Because these functions run in the same memory space as MySQL, and because they execute on the server where MySQL is located, using them minimizes network traffic between the calling program and the server, thereby vastly increasing performance.
You can add functions to MySQL through a special user-defined function interface. User-defined functions are created initially as special C/C++ libraries and are then added and removed dynamically by means of the CREATE FUNCTION and DROP FUNCTION statements. User-defined functions come with the added burden of having to install all your libraries with every installation of MySQL; however, this does make deployment faster, since you can load these functions into the binary distribution rather than having to go through the trouble of compiling MySQL all over again to incorporate the new functions. In addition, there's generally a good chance that your libraries will continue to work unchanged as new versions of MySQL are released.
You can also add functions as native (built-in) MySQL functions. Native functions are compiled into the MySQL server engine and become a permanent part of the MySQL installation itself. This makes new installations much easier than using libraries, because once you have defined your distribution, you can be sure that all of your subsequent installations will contain the functions that you have added. On the other hand, you must recompile and re-create your distribution for every new release of MySQL.
Getting Creative
You can simulate the encapsulation and centralization of a stored procedure in MySQL by storing code in a table and then retrieving the text of that code to be executed by the calling program. For example, a Perl program could have a table that includes rows containing nothing but Perl code. The client program would retrieve the needed code block and evaluate the code at run time.
This technique lets you place logic at the server without requiring that client programs be aware of any code changes. Because of the multiple round trips to and from the server, and because this approach works only with interpreted languages, it is not a true replacement for all the capabilities that one gets from stored procedures in other RDBMS implementations…but it's close.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Symmetric Multiprocessing with MySQL}
To take advantage of multiprocessor architecture, MySQL is built using a multi-threaded design, which allows threads to be allocated between processors to achieve a higher degree of parallelism. This is important to know not only for the database administrator, who needs to understand how MySQL takes best advantage of processing power, but also for developers, who can extend MySQL with custom functions. All custom functions must be thread safe—that is, that they must not interfere with the workings of other threads in the same process as MySQL.
Threading the Needle
To better understand threads in general, we must look at the relationship between threads and processes. A process contains both an executing program and a collection of resources, such as the file map and address space. All threads associated with a given task share the task's resources. Thus, a thread is essentially a program counter, a stack, and a set of registers; all the other data structures belong to the task. A process effectively starts out as a task with a single thread.
A thread is a miniprocess that has its own stack and that executes a given piece of code. A thread normally shares its memory with other threads, unlike true processes, which will usually have a different memory area for each one. A thread group is a set of threads all executing inside the same process. They all share the same memory and thus can access the same global variables, the same heap memory, the same set of file descriptors, and so on. All the threads in a thread group execute either by using time slices when running on a single processor or in parallel if multiple processors are available.
The advantage of using a thread group over using a process group is that context switching between threads is much faster than context switching between processes; in other words, the system switches from running one thread to running another thread much faster than it can switch from one process to another. Also, communication between two threads is usually faster and easier to implement than communication between two processes, since the threads already share common address space in which to share variables.
The POSIX thread libraries are a standards-based thread API for C and C++. They are most effectively used on multiprocessor systems, where the process flow can be scheduled to run on another processor, thus increasing speed through parallel or distributed processing. Threads require less overhead than forking, or spawning a new process, because the system will not initialize a new virtual memory space and environment for the process. While POSIX is most beneficial on a multiprocessor system, gains are also found on single processor systems, which exploit latency in input/output (I/O) and other system functions that can halt process execution.
MySQL makes use of various thread packages, depending on the platform. POSIX threads are used on most UNIX variants, such as FreeBSD and Solaris. LinuxThreads are used for Linux distributions, while, for efficiency reasons, Windows threads are used on the Windows platform (but the code that handles them is designed to simulate POSIX threads).
Because MySQL is a threaded application, it is able to let the operating system take over the task of coordinating the allocation of threads to balance the workload across multiple processors. MySQL uses these threads to do the following:
- A global connection thread handles all connection requests and creates a new dedicated thread to handle authentication and SQL query processing for each connection. This type of thread works on both TCP/IP and namedpipe connections.
- Internal semaphores and alarm listening functions are handled by a separate thread.
- When requested, a dedicated thread is created to flush all tables at the specified interval.
- Every single table on which a delayed INSERT is being used gets its own thread.
- In replication, master-host synchronization is handled by separate threads.
Of course, another way to take advantage of multiprocessing is to run multiple instances of MySQL on the same machine, thereby spawning a separate process for each instance. This approach is especially practical for hosting companies and even for internal hosting within corporate environments. By running multiple instances of MySQL on the same computer, you can easily accommodate multiple user bases that need different configuration options.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Security}
The process of accessing a MySQL database can be broken down into two tasks: connecting to the MySQL server itself, and accessing individual objects, such as tables or columns, in a database. MySQL has built-in security to verify user credentials at both stages.
MySQL manages user authentication through user tables, which check not only that a user has logged on correctly with the proper username and password, but also that the connection is originating from an authorized TCP/IP address.
Once a user is connected, a system administrator can to bestow user-specific privileges on objects and on the actions that can be taken in MySQL. For example, you might allow email@example.com to perform only SELECT queries against an inventory table, while allowing email@example.com to run INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements against the same table.
Security is also an issue for connections. Passwords and other important data transmitted across a network are vulnerable to interception by any one of the many network packet analyzers available on the market. By default, older versions of MySQL used a rather simple encryption method for usernames and passwords, which might have discouraged the casual hacker but would not have stopped someone who was willing to spend a little time cracking the encryption algorithms. As of version 4.1, a more secure protocol has been implemented that makes MySQL much more difficult to break into, even if a hacker has the ability to sniff and decode network traffic.
The actual data that travels over a network, such as query results, isn't encrypted and is therefore open to viewing by a hacker. To secure your data, you can use one of the SSH (Secure Shell) protocols; you'll need to install it on both the client applications and the operating system you're using. If you're using MySQL 4.0 or later, you can also use the SSL (Secure Socket Layer) encryption protocol, which can be configured to work from within MySQL, making it safe for use over the Internet or other public network infrastructures.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.
{mospagebreak title=Replication}
Replication is a data distribution mechanism that allows you to place copies of tables and databases in remote locations so that users can more easily access them.
Product databases are typical of such replication mechanisms—for example, a national or global company might have a common product database that is updated centrally but that is used locally by each office. Rather than forcing applications to query this table remotely every time it's needed, it is more cost effective to distribute a copy to everyone, thus incurring the transmission overhead only once for each office.
Prior to release 3.23.15, MySQL had no replication capabilities; subsequent to this release, and continuing to the present day, MySQL supports one-way replication, with one database as the master and one or more databases as the slaves.
The replication mechanism relies on a MySQL log that tracks all changes made to a database. The master ships this log to the slave, which then applies the log to its own data. Nothing about a slave prevents users from updating it outside the context of replication, so great care must be taken to ensure that this doesn't happen, since the relative assurance of synchronization will otherwise be lost and subsequent log playbacks might even fail.
Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
{mospagebreak title=Application Programming Interfaces and Add-On Tools}
For application developers, MySQL provides a client library that is written in the C programming language and a set of APIs that provide an understandable set of rules by which host languages can connect to MySQL and send commands. Using an API protects client programs from any underlying changes in MySQL that could affect connectivity.
Many APIs are available, one or more for almost every programming language. Most of them use the C client library, with the exception of the Java driver, which is written in 100 percent native Java. Currently, MySQL APIs are available for Perl, PHP, C and C++, Java, Visual Basic, Python, Ruby, and .NET.
Add-On Tools
The list of software programs that work in tandem with MySQL is growing. Here's a brief list of the better ones:
- MySQL CC, available from http://www.mysql.com/products/mysqlcc/index.html, is an excellent front-end query and database management tool for MySQL. Currently Windows, UNIX, and Linux versions are available, and a version of Mac OS X may be available by the time you read this.
- DBTools Manager Professional, available from http://www.dbtools.com.br, is a graphical client used to manage MySQL databases, tables, and indices; import data from other RDBMS; and provide a point-and-click interface to query and report design.
- For web-based MySQL management, you should try phpMyAdmin, available from http://www.phpmyadmin.org.
To help you make the best decisions concerning the installation of the MySQL database sever, database and table design, and eventual optimization efforts, it is of paramount importance that you have a clear understanding of the underlying architecture governing the behavior of tables, rows, indexes, and databases. This knowledge is the basis from which database administrators make their tuning decisions, and from which application designers optimize their code.
In this chapter, we've sought to give you a basic understanding of all the elements of MySQL, both from the standpoint of the database administrator/developer and for those who may eventually create their own libraries or even add to MySQL's source code. The rest of this book will address these concepts in far greater detail.
|Remember: this is chapter two of MySQL: The Complete Reference, by Vikram Vaswani (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, ISBN 0-07-222477-0, 2004). Vikram is the founder of Melonfire, and has had numerous articles featured on Dev Shed.
Buy this book now.


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DAC Collection Artist Information
Jacopo de' Barbari
Italian painter and printmaker, active Germany and the Netherlands
Brief biography, in most instances from the Union List of Artist Names® Online:
Possibly born in Venice; died in Mechelen or Brussels before July 17, 1516. Barbari was the first Italian Renaissance artist of note to travel to the German and Netherlandish courts. He probably received training with Alvise Vivarini in Venice in the 1490s. His best-known painting is "Still Life with a Dead Partridge" of 1504, a a trompe l'oeil probably made for one of the palaces of the Saxon dukes; it is the earliest known independent still life painting of the Renaissance. Barbari signed nearly all his works with a caduceus. Barbari's idiosyncratic facial and figural types influenced contemporary masters such as Albrecht Dürer, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Albrecht Altdorfer, Hans von Kulmbach and Jan Gossart.
Artist ID number in the Union List of Artist Names®: ULAN 500001733.
The ULAN link above leads to a cataloging authority record at the Getty Research Institute.
Objects related to Jacopo de' Barbari:
|Jacopo de' Barbari
|Judith with the Head of Holofernes, late 15th century - early 16th century
|Jacopo de' Barbari
|Holy Family with Saint Elizabeth, late 15th century - early 16th century
ULAN biographical content is displayed with permission of the Getty Research Institute. Some ULAN content in some DAC artist records has been lightly edited. Content from the Getty Research Institute is © 2019 The J. Paul Getty Trust. All rights reserved.


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"Kriskovich" Surname
Frequency of "Kriskovich" Surname in the US
2000 US Census
The surname "Kriskovich" is not included in the US Census Bureau's ranking of surnames with 100 or more people. Since fewer than 100 people with this surname were included in the 2000 Census, it is relatively uncommon.
Source: "Frequently Occurring Surnames from the Census 2000", US Census Bureau.
1990 US Census
Accoring to the US Census Bureau, "Kriskovich" ranked #82,576 in frequency out of 88,799 surnames for which statistics were released from the 1990 Census.
Source: "Frequently Occurring Surnames from the 1990 Census", US Census Bureau.
"Kriskovich" Graves on Histopolis
Histopolis currently has 0 grave(s) with the surname "Kriskovich".
Resource Links for "Kriskovich"
Do you know of a web page containing information about this surname that would be useful to genealogy or history researchers? Please add it now! (Free registration required)
Surnames that Sound Like "Kriskovich"
The surname "Kriskovich" has a Soundex code of K621. The following 132 surname(s) may sound similar to "Kriskovich" since they share the same Soundex code.


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8 Key Mistakes To Avoid When Creating E-commerce Websites
Avoid following key mistakes while creating and setting up your new e-commerce website. Make sure that your customers find it easy to use.
Avoid following key mistakes while creating and setting up your new e-commerce website. Make sure that your customers find it easy to use.
If you're tired of the never-ending process of reviewing, proofing, and approval of designs, this article is for you.
There are a number of tricks that can help a freelancer win more designing projects.
POWr shares important lessons in scalable product design.
A carefully crafted and executed SEO strategy is a must if you want your e-commerce store to be easily found by your potential customers.
The design is often associated with powerful graphics and aesthetically pleasing layouts that convey some sort of communication or a story.
A different take on the web design trends that will be big in 2018. This article is especially valuable to web designers and developers.
Essay on the Virtual Reality field in the US.
General writing guidelines using standard literary elements.
Choosing an effective design for your website will bring your business to the next level. Here are the following tips for website designs.
Learn the logo design trends of today to help get your business noticed.
These are some of the tips you can use to avoid mistakes in signage.
Are you confident in your logo designs? There is something you may still not be getting right.
Are you an aspiring logo designer? Here are great strategies which will help you stay on top of your game.
Looking for a designer website to consult for creative ideas? Here are 12 top sites you'd find useful for design and design ideas.
Publish an article on Freelancer Community and get more exposure


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NMT Holds Summer Computer Boot Camp
by George Zamora
SOCORRO, N.M., Aug. 20, 2007 –Several New Mexico Tech entering freshmen are participating in Tech's five-day Computer Boot Camp — an innovative First-Year Experience program which allows students to build their own desktop personal computer (PC) from scratch and install software on it for their educational use while attending the university. Now in its third year, Computer Boot Camp utilizes recycled parts, chasses, and monitors from surplus computers, putting the machines to better use and better preparing Tech students for their university experience. Pictured putting together a PC are (left to right) Tech freshmen Bryce McKenzie of Barrington, Ill. and Anthony Sanchez of Santo Domingo Pueblo, N.M.


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All Items : Glassware : Depression : Companies : Imperial : Pre 1970 item #878318 (stock #PG3)
Collector's Connection
$3.49 each plus shipping
$3.49 each plus shipping
From Imperial Glass in the Cape Cod pattern, a sherbet in nice condition. This glass may be older because it has a yellow tinge to it when looking at it thru the light. 3 5/8" diameter, 3 1/4: tall, square base. I also have 7 Salad plates 8" diameter.


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Hello Blue Fern Studios Fans!
Here's my turn to share with you two new layouts and a video tutorial. This month, I had so much fun with the gorgeous Wanderlust paper collection.
For this layout, I used the Wanderlust "Petites" paper as background. I put a coat of clear gesso on it and I added texture by applying modeling paste through a stencil. Then, I applied yellow inks and I stamped many details with BFS stamps and brown ink.
I left my chipboards (BFS Whimsy Flourishes and Natural Frame) raw but I put a little bit of white gesso dilued with water on them.
I also left my title raw and I add beads around the flowers to add texture.
I did a video tutorial of this layout, you can watch it here:
Blue Fern Studios products used:
Wanderlust 'Petites'
Wanderlust 'Seascape'
Wanderlust 'Calling Cards'
Whimsy Flourishes
Natural Frame
French Adjectives 1
Printed Chipboards
Grungy Grid
Tattered Newsprint
For this layout, I used Wanderlust 'Ocean Voyage' paper. I wanted to do a beachy layout. First, I did a textured background with modeling paste, stencil, aqua and mint inks, stamps and brown ink.
I glued a piece of net on my background with medium gel. I embossed my BFS chipboards Trailing Scrolls with BFS Imagine ink Seafoam embossing powder and the BFS Swallow Border with BFS Imagine Ink Sea Mist embossing powder. Then, I aged them with brown paste.
I embossed my title 'Magnifique' (BFS French Adjectives 1 chipboards) with BFS Imagine Ink Black Sand to make it stand out.
I add beads and shells to complete the beachy look.
Blue Fern Studios products used:


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Choose Your Model/Series Of Samsung Laptop.
Choose your Samsung Laptop from the listed models/series below to view all compatible Kingston Samsung Laptop Memory RAM & SSDs.
Don't see your Samsung model/series listed? Contact Us.
Select your series
Our Customer Reviews
A very efficient transaction with a great product at a great price. Ordering online was easy and delivery was very fast with good communication from begining to end. I recommend this company and the Kingston memory upgrade.
As usual transaction and delivery were 1st class. Items were stated to be compatible and they were. Uprgraded memory with no issues.
Great service, quick delivery. I found it very easy through the look up system on your website to get exactly the right memory module. Fitted it as soon as it arrived and it works perfectly. The item was well packaged.
Contact was very good, right from the initial order to confirmation of delivery etc. I checked their website and it told me which memory I needed for my pc. It fitted in first time and works well. Thank you.
Excellent service really good product would recommend them and will not hesitate to use again next time I want a new card
Easiest website to navigate if you're a bit u sure what to buy, just put your computer model in and it tells you what's compatible. Competitive price and great product, installed RAM easily and works perfectly with my dell. Speedy delivery, would def recommend and use again
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Biological Sciences
Research Highlights
November 2004
NABIR project demonstrates that uranium remains immobile one year after wells were injected with acetate
Initial results from a biostimulation experiment to reduce groundwater contamination at a uranium mill tailings site provide evidence that bacteria occurring in groundwater at the site could successfully immobilize uranium. In three field-scale experiments at the Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action (UMTRA) site in Rifle, CO, small amounts of acetate were injected into wells to provide a food source for microorganisms capable of reducing uranium. Nearly a year after the 2003 experiment, scientists found no evidence that the uranium had reoxidized and become mobile again downgradient of the site.
Acetate, similar to dilute vinegar, was chosen as the electron donor for Geobacter, a naturally occurring, proven metal-reducing bacterium being studied for its remediation ability by scientists within the U.S. Department of Energy's Natural and Accelerated Bioremediation Research (NABIR) program. When using acetate as an electron donor, the bacteria will use iron and, incidentally, uranium as a terminal electron acceptor. The now-insoluble uranium precipitates out of the groundwater, thus keeping it from migrating to streams and drinking water.
The research team, which includes scientists from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the University of Massachusetts, and the University of Tennessee, most recently tracked the growth of Geobacter sp. in detail by daily sampling during electron donor addition. Typical results are shown in the attached figure. In general, adding acetate results in variable rates of loss of U(VI) from groundwater. Following the 2002 experiment in the vicinity of well M-03 at a depth of 6 meters (top panel), the amount of U(VI) removed from groundwater decreased over a 9-month period but always remained positive, ranging from 85 to 55%. Similar results were observed for this well after the 2003 experiment. Results for well M-08 (bottom panel) are even more striking as they actually increase with time, exceeding 85% several months after addition of acetate was stopped. The implication of these results is that addition of acetate to the subsurface at this site initiated bioreduction of U(VI) that was sustained at varying levels after acetate addition was stopped. So far, the question is not what the remobilization rate is, but rather the rate of ongoing U(VI) reduction. The team is currently investigating the mechanism of U(VI) loss.
The researchers also collected sufficient DNA at the bacterium's peak growth to study the environmental genomics of this biostimulated community and identify the specific community members involved in the uranium reduction. The work is sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NABIR program provides fundamental scientific understanding as the basis for developing cost-effective bioremediation and long-term stewardship of radionuclides and metals in the subsurface at DOE sites. The focus of the program is on strategies leading to long-term immobilization of contaminants in situ to reduce the risk to humans and the environment.
Team members are Phil Long and Tom Resch, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Derek Lovley, Kelly Nevin, Regina O'Neil, Helen A. Vrionis and Irene Ortiz-Bernad, University of Massachusetts; Aaron Peacock and David C. White, University of Tennessee; and Dick Dayvault, Stoller, Inc. (UMTRA Groundwater Program). The team recently updated the NABIR-UMTRA site.
Anderson, RT, HA Vrionis, I Ortiz-Bernad, CT Resch, PE Long, R Dayvault, K Karp, S Marutzky, DR Metzler, A Peacock, DC White, M Lowe, and DR Lovley. 2003. "Stimulating the In Situ Activity of Geobacter Species to Remove Uranium from the Groundwater of a Uranium-Contaminated Aquifer." Applied Environmental Microbiology 69(10):5884-5891. DOI:10.1128/AEM.69.10.5884-5891.
The experimental plot is located in a part of a uranium plume with ~ 0.6 to 1.2 μM U(VI), residual from when the site was used as a uranium ore processing facility. The Colorado River flow has a major impact on groundwater flow at the site. Full Size.


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STARKVILLE, Miss. (AP) Anthony Hickey hit a game-winning layup with 1.4 seconds remaining as LSU rallied to beat Mississippi State 69-68 on Saturday night.
It was the second of two terrific shots by Hickey, who also hit a 15-foot jumper to give LSU a 67-66 lead with 16 seconds left. Mississippi State came right back with Trivante Bloodman's acrobatic layup to push the Bulldogs ahead 68-67 lead with 7.9 seconds left, but that just set up some more Hickey heroics.
LSU (12-7, 3-5 Southeastern Conference) trailed for nearly the entire game, including a 40-26 deficit at halftime. But the Tigers methodically came back in the second half. Hickey and Johnny O'Bryant led the Tigers with 12 points each.
Hickey scored seven of his 12 points in the final 46.7 seconds. He drove the length of the court on his final shot, and the 5-foot-11 sophomore made the game winner over a pair of defenders.
Mississippi State (7-13, 2-6) has now lost six straight. Gavin Ware led the Bulldogs with 14 points while Bloodman added 12.
It's been a great week for LSU, which also had an impressive victory over No. 17 Missouri on Wednesday. The Tigers didn't play as well on Saturday against the Bulldogs, but escaped Humphrey Coliseum with a victory despite shooting just 4 of 25 (16 percent) from 3-point range.
Mississippi State put together a nearly flawless first half, shooting 16 of 28 (57.1 percent) from the field, outrebounding LSU 20-18 and forcing 10 turnovers.
Ware, the 6-foot-9, 270-pound freshman, led the Bulldogs with 10 first-half points, making all five of his field goal attempts.
Meanwhile, LSU struggled, making just 9 of 33 shots (27.4 percent) in the first half.
But LSU slowly cut into Mississippi State's advantage in the second half, getting to the basket with ease on fast break opportunities. Hickey hit a 3-pointer - just LSU's third of the game - with 5:21 left and then Shavon Coleman followed with a short jumper to cut Mississippi State's lead to 60-58.
Johnny O'Bryant hit a pair of free throws to tie the game at 60 with 3:13 left, but Mississippi State responded with six straight points to take a 66-60 lead with 1:38 remaining.
Mississippi State could have had a bigger lead, but struggled badly at the free throw line. The Bulldogs made just 13 of 27 (48.1 percent) attempts, including an ugly 8 of 20 mark (40 percent) in the second half.
That came back to bite the Bulldogs in the final minutes. Hickey's 3-pointer pulled LSU within 66-65 with 46.7 seconds remaining, which served as the appetizer for his clutch shooting in the final 20 seconds.
Follow David Brandt on Twitter: www.twitter.com/davidbrandtAP