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> Food pyramids
Food pyramids
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Related Terms
Asian food pyramid, Harvard food pyramid, Latin American food pyramid, Mediterranean food pyramid, USDA food pyramid, vegetarian food pyramid.
A food pyramid is a pictorial representation of a diet that makes recommendations of how much a person should consume from each food group every day. The most popular food pyramids in circulation are the Asian food pyramid, Harvard food pyramid, Latin American food pyramid, Mediterranean food pyramid, USDA food pyramid, and the vegetarian food pyramid.
The food pyramids are all comprised of food groups. However, the number of food groups in a diet and the frequency that they are eaten varies between the pyramids. The diets represented in the food pyramids are not intended to help a person lose weight. Instead, they represent proportions of what a healthy adult should eat to stay healthy and maintain a normal weight.
The first food pyramid was created and distributed by the USDA in 1992. In 2005, the USDA released a revision of the food pyramid that clarifies serving sizes and advocates for exercise as a part of a healthy lifestyle. The USDA website mypyramid.gov offers personalized recommendations based on gender, age, weight, and level of physical activity.
Though the USDA publishes the primary food pyramid, a number of other food pyramids have been created to accommodate the cultural eating practices of subgroups within the United States. One of these pyramids is created by the Harvard School of Public Health out of concern that the USDA may have created their eating recommendations with too much influence from food industry advocacy organizations. The Asian, Latin American, Mediterranean, and vegetarian pyramids were created by the organization Oldways, which advocates for consumption of foods based on daily, weekly and monthly eating cycles.
The food pyramids are designed as a quick visual reference for individuals to modify their diets in order to keep their bodies healthy and prevent disease. The diagrams are designed to be flexible enough that a person can eat a variety of foods every day while still getting a healthy amount of vitamins and minerals. The pyramids suggest a number of servings of foods already popular within a particular demographic.
Diets may vary because of factors such as personal preference and cultural affinity. Also, experts disagree on some of the specifics of what a food pyramid should look like although all agree on the importance of getting basic nutrition. These differences of opinion have led to a number of different food pyramids.
Theory / Evidence
The USDA food pyramid is based on the 2005 Dietary Guides for Americans, a joint publication of the Department of Health and Human Services and the USDA. It is intended to serve as a quick mental and visual reference for patients who wish to improve their diets.
The other food pyramids are based on the concept of the USDA food pyramid. The Harvard food pyramid was created as an alternative to the food groups and suggested serving sizes that are presented in the USDA food pyramid. The Oldways food pyramids draw from traditions of healthy eating among certain populations of the United States and offer modified food groups for these individuals. Proponents of the vegetarian food pyramid note epidemiological data suggesting that this diet may lower risk of chronic diseases and may increase adult life expectancy.
Author information
This information has been edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Harvard School of Public Health Food Pyramid.
Oldways Food Pyramids.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Pyramid.
United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
USDA food pyramid
: This food pyramid is organized by daily intake of food. Thirty minutes of daily exercise is also recommended. Unlike some of the other pyramids, this one does not offer examples of foods that may fit into each category. The USDA food pyramid is the most general.
Daily fruits: A person should eat a variety of fruits and vegetables. Fresh fruits should be chosen over juice. A person should eat about two cups every day.
Daily grains: The USDA recommends that at least half of the grains eaten every day are consumed as whole grains. This amount is equal to 6 ounces every day.
Meat, beans, fish, nuts, eggs, and soy: All of the foods in this group are recommended as excellent sources of protein.
Daily milk, yogurt and cheese: The USDA advises that a majority of the three cups of dairy consumed should be low-fat or no-fat.
Daily oils: Oily foods should be consumed only in very small amounts. The USDA recommends oils from fish, nut and some vegetable sources. Butter, margarine, lard, and hydrogenated oils are not recommended.
Daily vegetables: Vegetables are recommended daily, with an emphasis on dark green vegetables and brightly colored vegetables, as well as beans. Beans are also classified as a source of protein. The recommended daily intake is about 2.5 cups every day.
Asian food pyramid
: The Oldways Asian food pyramid offers diet suggestions based on daily, weekly and monthly eating cycles. Some parts of the Asian food pyramid are not intended to be eaten every day. Each of the major groups is listed by frequency followed by examples of foods that fit into this category. This pyramid also recommends daily exercise.
Daily rice, noodles, breads, millet, corn, and other whole grains.
Daily fruits: Pineapples, bananas, mangos, tangerines, watermelon, grapes, pears.
Daily legumes, seeds and nuts: Soybeans, peanuts, dried beans, edamame beans, miso, tofu.
Daily vegetables: Carrots, broccoli, mushrooms, bok choy, cabbage, bamboo shoots, chilis, bean sprouts, scallions, leafy greens, peppers.
Daily vegetable oils: In small amounts and in moderation.
Daily fish and shellfish or dairy (optional).
Weekly sweets.
Weekly poultry and eggs.
Monthly meats: pork, beef, mutton.
Harvard food pyramid
: The Harvard food pyramid was designed to emphasize exercise and weight control. This is because its creators consider these two lifestyle factors crucial in staying healthy. The food groups and frequency that items from each are to be consumed are based on research regarding prevention of common diseases among Americans.
Daily whole grains: This pyramid recommends the consumption of carbohydrates from whole grains such as whole-wheat bread, oatmeal and brown rice at every meal. Eating these foods is advised as a way to regulate blood sugar and prevent type 2 diabetes.
Daily plant oils: Unsaturated fats from canola, corn, peanut, soy, or sunflower plants should be consumed along with unsaturated fats from fatty fish such as salmon. The Harvard food pyramid places these oils at the bottom of the pyramid because they are the source of about a third of most Americans' calories from fat. These fats are thought to lower bad cholesterol and improve heart health.
Daily fruits and vegetables: Fruits should be consumed two to three times a day. Vegetables should be consumed even more often and in abundance. Proponents of this food pyramid suggest that these foods may lower the chances of having a stroke or heart attack, lower blood pressure and protect against cancer and vision problems.
Daily fish, poultry and eggs: An important source of protein, foods from this group should be consumed zero to two times a day.
Nuts and legumes: The foods are recommended as good sources of vitamins, minerals, protein, and fiber. Legumes include lentils, black beans, garbanzos, and navy beans. Nuts include pistachios, hazelnuts, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, and pecans.
Dairy or calcium supplement: These products are recommended because they contain less saturated fat than milk or cheese.
Daily multivitamin: This supplement is described as a "nutritional backup" because developing healthy eating habits can be a goal that takes time to achieve.
Sparing amounts of red meat and butter: This food pyramid suggests that individuals substitute these foods with alternatives such as chicken, fish, lean meats, and vegetable oils as many times as possible during the week.
Sparing amounts of white rice, potatoes, white bread, white pasta, soda, and sweets: Proponents of this pyramid note that these foods may increase blood sugar, the risk of type 2 diabetes, as well as potentially result in weight gain, heart disease, and other chronic health problems. Whole grains are suggested as an alternative.
Moderate amounts of alcohol: One drink a day is recommended for adults who drink alcohol.
Latin American food pyramid
: The Oldways Latin American food pyramid offers diet suggestions based on daily and weekly eating cycles. Each of the major food groups is listed by frequency followed by examples of foods that fit into each group. This pyramid also recommends daily exercise.
Fruits at every meal: Limes, bananas, avocados, cacao, breadfruit, plums, apples, berries, papayas, mangos, cherimoya, guanabana, pineapple, melon, tamarind, quince, grapes, guava, oranges, kiwi.
Vegetables at every meal: Kale, cactus, eggplant, turnip, chard, squash, zucchini, onions, broccoli, okra, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes, tomatillos, sweet peppers, chiles.
Whole grains, tubers, pasta, beans, and nuts at every meal: Maize, potatoes, rice, bread, taro, tortillas, arepas, black beans, seeds, quinoa, malanga, peanuts, amaranth, legumes, cassava, pecans, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, plantains, yuca, garbanzo beans, pinto beans.
Daily fish and shellfish: Shrimp, salmon, snapper, mussels.
Daily plant oils and dairy products: Plant oils (soy, corn, olive), milk, cheese.
Daily poultry: Fowl, turkey, chicken.
Six glasses of water a day.
Weekly meat, sweets and eggs.
Alcohol in moderation.
Mediterranean food pyramid
: The Oldways Mediterranean food pyramid offers diet suggestions based on daily and weekly eating cycles. Each of the major food groups is listed by frequency followed by examples of foods that fit into each group. This pyramid also recommends daily exercise.
Daily bread, pasta, rice, couscous, polenta, other whole grains, and potatoes.
Daily beans, legumes and nuts: Almonds, walnuts and other nuts; chick peas, white beans, lentils and other beans; peanuts.
Daily fruits: Olives, avocados, grapes.
Daily vegetables: Spinach, eggplant, tomatoes, broccoli, peppers, mushrooms, garlic, capers, beans.
Daily olive oil.
Daily cheese and yogurt.
Weekly fish: Shellfish, sardines.
Weekly poultry: Chicken, turkey.
Weekly eggs.
Weekly sweets: Pastries, ice cream, cookies.
Monthly meat: Beef, pork.
Moderate consumption of wine.
Vegetarian food pyramid
: The Oldways vegetarian food pyramid offers diet suggestions based on daily and weekly eating cycles. Each of the major food groups is listed by frequency followed by examples of foods that fit into each group. This pyramid also recommends daily exercise.
Dietary supplements as necessary with special attention to vitamins D and B12.
Whole foods and minimally processed foods are recommended over highly processed foods.
Fruits and vegetables at every meal: Grapes, raisins, pears, avocados, oranges, melon, apples, bananas, plums, cherries, mushrooms, tomatoes, kale, broccoli, collards, sweet potatoes, peppers, asparagus, cucumber, potatoes, onions, carrots, cabbage, squash, leeks, eggplant, celery, lettuce.
Legumes, beans and soy at every meal: Soy, red bean, lentil, kidney bean, tempeh, tofu, black-eyed pea, dried pea, soy flour, textured vegetable protein, navy bean, miso, pinto bean, split pea, lima bean, chick pea, black bean.
Whole grains at every meal: Oats, wheat, rice, buckwheat, flax, bulgur, quinoa, amaranth, seitan, millet, barley, whole grain bread, rye, pita, tortilla, rice cakes, couscous, noodles, kasha, pasta, corn.
Daily egg whites, soymilk and dairy: cheese, yogurt.
Daily nuts and seeds: Pine, walnut, pistachio, brazil, pecan, almond, sesame, cashew, pumpkin, hazelnut, macadamia, peanuts, peanut butter, almonds, pistachios, pine nuts, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds.
Daily plant oils: Corn, canola, avocado, olive, soybean, safflower, peanut.
Occasional eggs and sweets.
Alcohol in moderation.
Copyright © 2011 Natural Standard (
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.
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Great for book and photo album covers, bookmarks, scrapbooking, invitations and making cards, stationary, labels and tags, collages, stickers.Keywords: Flowers, Cut file, Pattern, Gift, Freebie, Freebies, free, Shery K Designs.
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Bob Probert fighting Darren Langdon. Photo via Wikipedia.
This entry was brought over from my new blog: One Hundred Books in 2013. It's pretty relevent here.
This entry was brought over from my new blog: One Hundred Books in 2013. It's pretty relevent here.
My new blog, The One Hundred Book Challenge, has been met with a small amount of praise from friends and family since my first post, where I discussed Batman: Battle for the Cowl. I'll admit that it was a peculiar way to kickoff a brand new blog, but it was the first book I finished in 2013. I couldn't wait long to jump into post number two, so I picked up a book I received for Christmas in 2011. Most people who know me know I have a passion for ice hockey. If you need any further proof, check out my other (more successful) blog, The Wizard of Osgood, over here. With the National Hockey League recently ending the 2012-13 lockout, I thought it was a good idea to jump back into talking about hockey. I had not posted anything on the blog since December and despite picking away at a little piece on how I felt about the lockout, I didn't know what to post.
As soon as there is hockey to watch, I'll be there to talk about what I see. In the meantime, I read Detroit Red Wing alumni Bob Probert's biography, Tough Guy: My Life on the Edge, written by Probie himself and Kirstie McLellan Day. Day helped Theoren Fleury write his biography a couple of years before and I found his book to be one of the most captivating manuscripts I have ever written. I was hoping Bob Probert's book would continue the positive trend of detailing day-to-day player life. It turned out to be a very different read with a very different result.
To summarize, Bob Probert's biography documents his personal struggle to remain alcohol and drug free during his NHL career straight through to his death in July 2010. His story, compared to Fleury's, is not nearly as dark but sheds light on a different kind of player than Fleury: an enforcer. Probert was one of the most dominant enforcers in NHL history during his career, competing in 238 career fights. His ability to evoke fear into the hearts of opposing players is well known. Here's arguably his best fight, coming against fellow enforcer, Marty McSorley in 1994:
Bob Probert wasn't just a tough guy, though. Probie was also a scorer and had hands that even the most skilled forwards in the NHL wished they had, especially at his size. Check this one out:
Probert was the kind of player every team wanted and every team hated to play against. He could score, he could grind you down, and when the going got tough and Steve Yzerman needed someone to watch his back, Bob Probert stepped up. He was a force at his best with the Red Wings. Unfortunately for Probie, his drug and alcohol related problems limited his true potential as a scorer and a star.
The most striking element of Probert's book was how honest he was about his repeated lapses into substance abuse. I wouldn't say I expected a luxurious cruise through his life and how exciting it was to be an NHL player, but the book largely focuses on his personal life, with hockey providing a background. Some of the key figures in his life, such as Steve Yzerman, Mark "Trees" Laforest, Petr Klima, Sheldon "Mo Melly" Kennedy, and Jim Devellano are all Red Wing alumni and ice hockey personalities who influence or participate in Probert's personal life. Despite hockey being his first passion, Probert's book reads like a confessional of his crimes and misbehavior. It's an unsettling read for those who are unfamiliar with the fast life of a hockey player, especially those who have no understanding of the personal struggles of men with lots of money and deeply seeded personal troubles.
The most disappointing thing about Tough Guy is its' ending. It has none. Probert passed away in 2010, with very little of the book covering his life from 2007 until his passing. His wife helped bring the book to conclusion but there's a considerable gap in his final years. It leaves the reader hoping for a positive ending to the personal journey Probert takes from substance abuse to recovery to relapse to recovery to relapse and possibly a final recovery. There is no satisfaction to the end of this book. There is no happy ending to Bob Probert's story as it is written in Tough Guy. It is a remarkably tragic, disappointing end to a life that can be seen as a cautionary tale to young hockey talent.
With all of the personal tragedy Probert dealt with in life, his passing provided something that may yet be a "happy" ending. In fall of 2010 Probert's family announced they would donate Bob's brain to the Sports Legacy Institute in order to study the effects of concussions on the brains of athletes. The following year, it was discovered that Bob's brain had suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy, which can cause people to show symptoms of dementia, memory loss, depression, or aggression. I know next to nothing about the subject, or Bob Probert's life beyond the pages of Tough Guy, so I believe it is best to leave the postulating to more educated people. What I do know is that Bob Probert cared very deeply for his family once it was created, and in the final pages of his book, he begins to show an understanding for the value of what he had in his family: a reason to live long and stay clean.
In conclusion, similarly to the first book I read, this one has a particular market that would have an interest in its subject. I would not recommend someone with no knowledge of hockey or the lives of professional athletes. This book is better left on the shelf for fans of the game, the Red Wings, Bob Probert, and young players who are on the cusp of hockey greatness. It isn't written particularly well, even for a biography, but it is from the heart, it's honest, and even though it doesn't really have and ending, it's a captivating read that will entertain its reader. My final grade for Book Two of One Hundred Books in 2013 is C.


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Bears long snapper Patrick Mannelly is currently sidelined with a rib injury, and the NFL says Panthers safety Colin Jones is to blame for an illegal blindside block. Mannelly, however, blames himself.
Mannelly told the Chicago Sun-Times he saw no problem with the hit, and that the only issue he has with the play was that he needed to keep his head on a swivel so that he would see Jones coming.
"It was poor field awareness on my part," Mannelly said.
Jones was fined $21,000 for the hit, and the league office has made a point of protecting players running down the field covering kicks from hits that they don't see coming. Even if Mannelly thinks protecting himself from such hits is his own responsibility.


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When some scientists at Berkeley say they've managed to remote-control a Rhinoceros beetle it's one thing, but a video of the impressive, morbid experiment has a little more impact.
The first part of the video would seem to show that initial reports of the experiment's success were overblown—the bug is pretty much just switched on and off, tethered to a string like so many unlucky June bugs. The experiments do get quite a bit more advanced, with enough fairly fine directional control to show that flying one of these beetles around like an R/C plane isn't out of the questions.
In these videos the beetle is never fully untethered, and I imagine such a demonstration would look a bit less like an "enhanced experimentation technique" and more like a small-scale air-disaster. The most important question won't be relevant to our generation(s), but the next: CYBORG DEATH BEETLES? The new HotWheels? [Technology Review—Thanks, Robert]


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Add to that the fact that the Thames was extremely busy all the time, filled with navy and merchant ships, cargo ships, ferries, Lighter barges, as well as their fellow Watermen. It would have been utter stinking chaos! Other foul conditions were things like floods, mud, slime, sludge, stench, rats, other people's diseases and infections, even dead bodies were sometimes found. That's not to mention the weather conditions!
By the 1760s there were well over a thousand 'Hackney hell-carts' as the Watermen had dubbed them, and it was causing considerable congestion. London streets couldn't cope with the demand, and the increasing bottle-neck and deaths through accidents meant something had to give. London needed bridges to ease traffic flow and enforce safety for its people. You could imagine the outcry from the Watermen.
Until 1750 there was only one bridge in London and even that had caused upset when it was put in place hundreds of years before there was any talk of subsequent bridges being built in London. When Westminster Bridge was built in 1750 the Watermen strongly opposed and lobbied their case in Parliament but over time, they were defeated. The Watermen's further appeals made even less impact as the years went on, causing only temporary delays but in the end they just could not prevent the building of bridges. The Watermen were losing the fight for their livelihood as the demand for road traffic ease grew ever stronger.
The Globe Wharf
Hungerford Stairs
King's Arms, Rose and Crown, Queenhithe, Waterman's Arms & Globe Wharf, Hungerford
A few good reasons to stop for alcoholic refreshments in amongst that list, wouldn't you say?!
I may be ridiculed for having a rather nostalgic, or even romantic, viewpoint of my ancestor Joseph Powell, but I would dearly love to have known him. He could well have been quite a feisty character like Gaffer Hexam, or calculating and cunning like Rogue Riderhood. He would have to have been a good mix of both to abide the stink of the Thames!
|Lizzie and Gaffer Hexam in 'Our Mutual Friend'
For further reading on the life of a Thames Waterman you may like to search out Robert Cottrell and Christopher O'Riordan's meticulous works, and you may also like to read the great novels of Charles Dickens and Clare Clark for further inspiration! x


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Staying connected and sharing your expertise with Berkeley Haas is important and manageable! Come explore the many ways you can give back.
Share exciting news with classmates and encourage their support of Berkeley Haas.
Open opportunities:
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Act now to expand the Berkeley Haas Alumni Network:
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Participate in Admissions activities for your degree program.
Berkeley Haas has three primary alumni volunteer boards as well as several research center boards.
Alumni are encouraged to reach out to a specific research institute or center that interests them to find out more about volunteer opportunities currently available.
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Ivory Pure Maheswari Bagh Printed Cotton Saree -UNMP30035
- Infuse glamour into your life with thisIvory Pure Maheswari Bagh Printed Cotton Saree.
- It has bagh printed elegant pallu and bagh printed border.
- The saree is crafted by the Weavers of Madhya Pradesh.
- Product Color:Ivory
- Craft Type: Bagh Prints
- Fabric:Pure Cotton
- Measurement: 6.15 MTR (with Blouse).
- Blouse: Self Color Pure Cotton Fabric Accompanied.
- The model is wearing a blouse from our in-house wardrobe.
- This product is hand crafted and there might be slight irregularities. These add to the unique charm of this exquisite piece.
- First Wash should preferably be dry clean.
Product Specifications
|Reference Code
|Product Care Info
|First Wash should preferably be dry clean.
|There may be a slight color variation in the image from original product due to reasons like configuration / color scheme of computer monitor, lighting of the photograph etc.
Know Your Craft
Bagh :
Bagh is a unique style of block printing on handloom fabrics, the name coming from its origin in the current form in Bagh village of Madhya Pradesh handlooms, India. One of the migrant settlers of the village, altered the concept, the process and the look of these printed fabrics. He literally brought the turnaround of a doomed art using 200 - 300 year old blocks which were based on traditional motifs, inspired by the 1500 year old cave paintings of nearby regions. Today Bagh side by side incorporates modern day designs, involving geometrical patterns, captivating bootis, floral scapes and what not, to keep in the race.


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May 312012
By Adina
In Juices
There are so many different factors to feeling drained throughout the day. Not enough sleep, stress, eating late night, too many cocktails the night before, too much coffee, the list goes on and on. The Good news is you can re-boot it just takes discipline. One great way to jump start your life force is with a good green juice cleanse. When I feel like I've hit the bottom of my energy reserve I commit to one to 5-7 days of green juice. You really must know how to do it correct. There is a real protocol to follow. (Check out the GREEN BUZZ cleanse in my book)


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Hershey and James Receive 2013 Select Reproductive Solutions™ (SRS™) Awards
PLAIN CITY, Ohio, July 11, 2013 - At the 2013 SRS Conference held June 3-6, 2013 in Columbus, Ohio, Matt Hershey of Lancaster, Pa., was named 2013 SRS Specialist of the Year and he and Julia James, Norwich, Ontario were named Select Detect™ Specialists of the Year for their outstanding work in the reproductive field.
Hershey, a SRS specialist with Select Sire Power Inc., works with record analysis, installation and service of activity systems, teaches A.I. training schools and coordinates the Program for Fertility Advancement™ (PFA™) for Pennsylvania, Maryland, New Jersey and Delaware. He also provides SRS services for a 70,000 cow dairy in Saudi Arabia. Hershey graduated from the State University of New York and joined the Select Sires team in 1995.
"Matt's professional, yet personal, approach has endeared him to his clients. His knowledge and experience combined with his ability to relate to all levels of farm management and personnel have made him an invaluable member on many on-farm profit teams," said Norm Vincel, general manager of Select Sire Power. "Matt has the respect of professionals, owners, managers, herdsmen and breeders and his work positions Select Sire Power as a leader in reproduction throughout the region."
James is a reproductive specialist handling sales, installation and support of the Select Detect activity monitoring system in Canada. She works with large dairies providing SRS services, teaches A.I. schools and helps train new employees. She has been with Select Sires Canada since 2009 after graduating from the University of Guelph in 2006 with an animal science degree. Besides her position at Select Sires Canada, James owns and manages a herd of 30 cows.
"Julia James has been instrumental in establishing our SRS program in Canada. Julia is an expert in her field and is always ready for a new challenge. Her expertise allows her to problem solve, making her indispensable to our customer base. She has been able to launch our Select Detect business in Canada and this has allowed Select Sires Canada to grow our business," said Bill Young, manager Select Sires Canada. "This will not be the last award this extremely talented young lady will receive in her career."
Based in Plain City, Ohio, Select Sires Inc. is North America's largest A.I. organization and is comprised of nine farmer-owned and -controlled cooperatives. As the industry leader, it provides highly fertile semen as well as excellence in service and programs to achieve its basic objective of supplying dairy and beef producers with North America's best genetics at a reasonable price.


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iPhone Repair Delray Beach
iPhone Repairs For Our Delray Beach Clients By Certified Apple Technicians ONLY!
Delray Beach iPhone Repair
If you are looking for Certified Apple iPhone Repair, Coastal Computers Delray Beach is the place to go. We repair every generation of iPhone with any issue including screen repair, liquid damage, batteries, buttons, malfunctions and more. Coastal Computer offers iPhone repair by Apple Certified technicians.
Our iPhone repairs are done by Apple Certified technicians and come with a standard 90 day warranty. We offer some of the fastest turnaround times in the industry paired with service that can't be beat. We also have some of the most competitive prices you will find. If your iPhone is damaged, bring it in today and let the experts at Coastal Computer repair it. iPhone repair from a place you can trust. We repair iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s plus, iPhone 6, iPhone 6 plus, iPhone SE, iPhone 5S, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5 and more.
We are the trusted Certified Apple iPhone repair shop for the Boca Raton, Delray Beach, Deerfield Beach, Lighthouse Point, Coconut Creek, Coral Springs, Boynton Beach, Pompano Beach, Jupiter, Boca del Mar, Tequesta, Palm Beach Gardens, Margate, Lake Worth, Manalapan and surrounding South Florida areas.
Why Client's Prefer Coastal Computers
Our clients come from all areas of South Florida. Most will even pass up to 15 other so called Apple Repair Centers simply due to the fact they want their devices fixed the first time and fixed right. If you've tried other Apple repair companies in the past with little to no success, rest assured we'll get it right. Coastal Computers has the knowledge and years of experience coupled with experienced Apple Technicians.
Your Apple device will be cared for and serviced with the utmost professionalism you'd expect from a Certified Apple Repair Professional.
190 Glades Road, Suite A
Boca Raton, FL 33432
(561) 285-8054
Guaranteed Repairs
All of our repairs come with a industry leading 90 day workmanship warranty. If the replaced part fails within 90 days of the repair, we'll fix it for free!
Fast Turn Around Times
We understand that your time is valuable and being without your device can be a burden. Most repairs are completed in 30 minutes or less.
FREE Diagnostics
We offer free diagnostics and free quotes on most devices. Just bring your device to the store and we will let you know what the issue is and what it will cost to repair. TV's have a $45 diagnostic fee.


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Office of the Provost and Executive Vice Chancellor
Leading DU's Academic and Research Programs
The provost is responsible for maintaining and enhancing the academic quality, intellectual inquiry, and research, creative, and scholarly activities across the University.
The provost provides the strategic planning and budgeting for the University and oversees all academic, research and related units of the University.
As the chief academic officer of the University, the provost provides leadership, with comprehensive administrative responsibility for colleges, schools, divisions, departments, libraries, centers and institutes, faculty, staff and students, and those units that serve the University's academic needs.
Read more about what the provost does on the Responsibilities & Oversight page.


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...Not complicated at
Madame la Fée
The Shop on line is in the heading
Menu on the Left.
You will find any Moment your List of Purchases while clicking on
"My Order"
in the Top Menu.
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The Prices are given in Euros and TTC (TVA=French
Tax 19,60%).
For the Orders dispatched Out of the CEE the Final Price of your Command will be given WITHOUT the TVA (-19,60%).
Quietly, follow the Instructions to finalize your Comman
d. International Orders always welcome.
We accept
C.B Visa
Master Card
payment. You can obtain more information on Paypal or C.B Visa while clicking on the Menu of Left.
You can be registered on the site of
Madame la fée
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"Login Account"
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You receive an email each Time a New Model is on the WebSite... (
if you email Adress is Valid and Updated !)
You can track your Parcel, Keep your Whish List and all your Orders.
You Must login by
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After Validation of Your Account, You will receive an email, if you do not after 24h Please, Contact us.
Please, Always Login throught
"Login Pro" !
You will find a Spécial Page for Shops. At the Top of this Page there is a
"Catalog PRO"
You willl can make Your Choices and Your Orders very easily.
If you need some Help, don't hesitate...
Left Menu !


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Pablo Favela Skater Profile
Sponsors: Good Wood (flow)
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iHeartRadio Music Awards Rewind
We're back with the 2018 iHeartRadio Music Awards and our fifth year is going to be no less entertaining than previous ceremonies. With the announcement of the forthcoming show as well as this year's batch of nominees, we thought it'd be fitting to take a stroll down memory lane and revisit some of the most notable moments from yesteryears. From Rihanna's trendsetting hair, which went viral on the blogosphere, to Taylor Swift and Madonna's historic onstage collaboration, there are plenty of highlights to look back on.
1. 2014: Rihanna's Trendsetting HairPhoto: Brian Friedman for iHeartRadio
Rihanna's known to march to the beat of her own drum, so it was no surprise when she showed up to our 2014 show with bantu knots. It completed a gothic-styled look with a black sheer lace Givenchy Couture dress and dark green lipstick.
2. 2014: Ariana Grande's "Problem" performancePhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Ariana Grande brought "Problem" that same year as she pulled out all the stops for the sexy little number. Even Rihanna seemed to enjoy the set from her seat, prompting a new Rih GIF into the blogosphere.
3. 2014: Jared Leto and Billy Ray Cyrus twinning on the red carpetPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
We really don't think Jared Leto and Billy Ray Cyrus have that much in common, but their twinning looks on the carpet in 2014 said otherwise. At the show, the pair rocked lengthy hair and matching aviator sunglasses that had photogs turning heads.
4. 2014: Gwen Stefani presenting Pharrell with the iHeartRadio Innovator AwardPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Gwen Stefani presented Pharrell with the Innovator Award in 2014 and it made total sense. After all, the No Doubt singer and Skateboard P had collaborated in the past and they both appeared as judges together on Season 7 of The Voice.
5. 2014: Austin Mahone Accepts the Instagram AwardPhoto: Brian Friedman for iHeartRadio
Just a few years back, Austin Mahone won the Instagram Award. If you're wondering how and why that happened, all you had to do was take a look at his quick popularity on Insta and the string of shirtless photos that the teen heartthrob shared with Mahomies.
6. 2014: Usher's Tribute to Michael JacksonPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
It's one thing to premiere a new song on the radio, it's a whole other thing when you're helping premiere a Michael Jackson record with a special dance tribute. Usher did just that in 2014 when he offered the crowd a choreographed number to the King of Pop's posthumous release "Love Never Felt So Good." Plus, it's not like Ursh doesn't consider MJ one of his idols. Back in 2011, he even danced with the legend during a collaborative performance of "You Rock My World."
7. 2014: Pitbull and G.R.L.'s Performance on a BoatPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Pitbull is all about his hometown of Miami, so you know the rapper had to rep for the 305 when he teamed up with G.R.L. for a medley number of "Wild Wild Love" and "Timber" (sans Kesha.)
8. 2015: Cameron Dallas and Shawn Mendes
Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Once upon a time not too long ago, Shawn Mendes was still a budding Vine star, so a photo of him with fellow social media personality Cameron Dallas seemed fitting. Look how far his career has come.
9. 2015: Iggy Azalea and Jennifer Hudson Getting in "Trouble"
Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Prior to Iggy Azalea's public downfall, the rapper was still rocking on some of the biggest stages around and took to our 2015 ceremony to mirror the plot of her music video for "Trouble" alongside Jennifer Hudson.
10. 2015: Rihanna's Big Entrance for B*tch Better Have My Money"Photo: John Shearer for iHeartRadio
After sweeping the competition in 2014, Rihanna returned the following year to debut the live performance of "B*tch Better Have My Money" and she brought along a huge helicopter, dancers and an oversized green jacket that would have the Muppets scared to death.
11. 2015: Chris Brown and Jamie FoxxPhoto: John Shearer for iHeartRadio
Jamie Foxx pulled double duty at the 2015 ceremony, appearing as host and performer. For his stage set, he teamed up with Chris Brown for a collaborative performance of "You Changed Me," giving fans double the trouble.
12. 2015: Nick Jonas and Chris BrownPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
iHeartRadio brings all kinds of stars together, so it's a bit of a moment to see this photo of Nick Jonas and Chris Brown in our archives.
13. 2015: Madonna and Taylor Swift Collaboration
Photo: John Shearer for iHeartRadio
Pop worlds collided when Madonna and Taylor Swift banded together for a live collaboration of "Ghosttown" during our 2015 ceremony. While Swift took on guitar duties, the Queen of Pop offered up the Rebel Heart ballad to the star-studded audience, reminding folks once again that she is isn't going anywhere.
14. 2015: 5SOS Accepting the Best Fan Army AwardPhoto: Brian Friedman for iHeartRadio
When it comes to fan allegiance, the 5SOS Family ruled our 2015 show when they beat out the BeyHive, Swifties, Team Breezy and more for the Best Fan Army title. It's awesome to know that industry honchos offered you an award, but it's probably better to hear that your own fan base scored you an accolade.
15. 2015: Left Shark and Ian ZieringPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Ian Ziering has starred in a string of Sharknado films, so it was only natural that Left Share took the stage with the actor during our 2015 ceremony to present an award.
16. 2015: Taylor Swift's Reaction to Winning the Best Lyrics AwardPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Taylor Swift has always been in on the jokes even in her early career years when she offered award show cameras surprised reactions to her wins. Back in 2015, Swift played off the fuss when she was awarded with the Best Lyrics Award at our show and went off on Justin Timberlake.
17. 2015: Justin Timberlake Accepting the iHeartRadio Innovator Award from Tom FordPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Justin Timberlake saw the culmination of his accolades when he received the Innovator Award in 2015, courtesy of a presentation by Tom Ford. "You can't have innovation without creation, so finally, I want to thank my best friend, my favorite collaborator — my wife, Jessica, at home, who's watching," he said on stage. "Honey, I can't wait to see our greatest creation yet. Don't worry, Daddy's heading home right now to innovate by learning how to change a poopy diaper and get my swaddle on."
18. 2015: Taylor Swift Winning BigPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
You already know that we love us some Taylor Swift and after her monumental 1989 era, it was simply deserving that she walked away with some major trophies during the 2015 affair.
19. 2016: Diplo, Justin Bieber and Big Sean Hanging BackstagePhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Diplo is sort of like a social butterfly at award shows. He's here. He's there. He's everywhere. Back in 2016, he appeared alongside Justin Bieber and Big Sean for a quick photo opp, proving that he's always down to share the spotlight.
20. 2016: Jason Derulo HostingPhoto: Brian Friedman for iHeartRadio
Jason Derulo also played double duties during the 2016 affair when he hosted and performed "Swalla." Oh, and do you remember when he stage dived?" "I'm not really the crowd surfing size. I feel like there's a weight limit, and I think I passed that, because I felt like a little cave-in when I landed," he admitted later on. "But all in all, I was still safe. I was good, but a couple fingers might've been broke. It was a little scary when I did it, though."
21. 2016: Bono and The Edge Accepting the iHeartRadio Innovator Award from PharrellPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
In 2015, Pharrell won the Innovator Award, so it made sense that the hip-hop titan presented U2 with their award in 2017. "Innovation, I think it's something about searching out the future before it's arrived," Bono said during his and the Edge's acceptance speech. "[It's] making 'what might be' the 'what is.'"
22. 2016: Taylor Swift Accepting the Best Tour Award from Justin TimberlakePhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Taylor Swift has mad love for Justin Timberlake and the pop pair traded exchanges when JT presented the her with the Best Tour Award in 2016. Don't you love when pop royalty comes together?
23. 2016: Calvin Harris and Taylor Swift Showing Some PDAPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Speaking of Miss Swift, the chart-topper and then boyfriend Calvin Harris had some major PDA moments in front of the camera when they appeared at the 2016 ceremony together.
24. 2016: G-Eazy and Bebe Rexha Performing "Me, Myself & I"Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
It's safe to say that both G-Eazy and Bebe Rexha's star power rose significantly after they released "Me, Myself & I" in 2016 and the iHeartRadio Music Awards was just one of the many venues that they performed the pop hit.
25. 2016: Nile Rodgers Joins DNCE OnstagePhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
"Cake by the Ocean" tastes so much better when Nile Rodgers is on board. Back in 2016, DNCE performed their signature track and surprised the audience when they invited the disco legend on stage and mashed things up with Chic's "Le Freak."
26. 2016: Demi Lovato and Brad PaisleyPhoto: Andrew Swartz for iHeartRadio
Demi Lovato surprised the crowd at our 2016 affair when she performed "Stone Cold" alongside Brad Paisley, who helped out on guitar. Now, while it gave the performance a nice twang, it also offering Lovatics a small glimpse of what would happen if she attempted a crossover.
27. 2016: ZAYN Makes His Solo Award Show Performance DebutPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
It's known that ZAYN doesn't do well with big public events because of his anxiety, but the former One Direction-er pulled it together when he made his award show performance debut with "Like I Would" off his debut LP.
28. 2016: Justin Bieber Runs Through the Crowd During "Company"Photo: Andrew Swartz for iHeartRadio
We all know what kind of pandemonium ensues when Justin Bieber makes his way near any Beliebers and our 2016 show was witness to it all when the pop titan ran into the crowd during his performance of "Company."
29. 2016: Selena Gomez and Taylor SwiftPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Selena Gomez and Taylor Swift were inseparable when the celeb besties took to our 2016 show, so you can't blame photographers for snapping some photos backstage of the affair.
30. 2016: Iggy Azalea and Demi Lovato Hanging BackstagePhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
We can say the same for Iggy Azalea and Demi Lovato, who were snapped spending some time together during the ceremony. Now, wouldn't an all-star shot of the four of them be perfect?
31. 2016: Selena Gomez and PharrellPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Skateboard P was also spotted at the 2016 show, offering Selena Gomez a warm hug behind the scenes. Gomez previously admitted that the multi-talent is on her list of dream collaborators, but, unfortunately, nothing ever came about their run-in.
32. 2017: It was a family affair for the Cyrus'.Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Say what you want about Miley Cyrus, but the pop star is a family gal and she showed support for her entire unit in 2017. For her appearance, she showed up with her mother Tish, father Billy Ray and younger sister Noah. In fact, she even helped introduce Noah's performance and reminded us that she is indeed her sister's biggest fan.
33. 2017: Labrinth and Noah Cyrus Performed "Make Me (Cry)"
Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Noah Cyrus was a vision in red when she nailed a rendition of "Make Me (Cry)" during the ceremony. However, it's hard not to kill things when you have older sister Miley rocking a shirt and sign in your honor.
34. 2017: The Chainsmokers performed "Something Just Like This" with Chris MartinPhoto: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Just last year, The Chainsmokers and Chris Martin took the stage together to perform two of the biggest songs of the year: "Something Just Like This" and "Paris." It turned out to be a truly multi-generational affair, particularly for the batch of screaming girls in the audience.
35. 2017: Katy Perry and Skip Marley were "Chained to the Rhythm"
Photo: Getty Images for iHeartRadio
Before Katy Perry's poor rollout for WITNESS, the pop titan kicked off her era on a mildly successful note when she released the woke pop hit, "Chained to the Rhythm." It may not have received the success that she anticipated, but at least she kept her usual cooky and colorful aesthetic for the performance's sets. This one in particular featured a giant hamster and accompanying wheel.
36. 2017: Ed Sheeran won Best Lyrics for "Love Yourself" -- but he also performed "Shape of You" and "Castle on the Hill" Photo: Andrew Swartz for iHeartRadio
You know what you're going to get when you see Ed Sheeran's perform: great vocals and live instrumentation. However, we did not know that the pop singer/songwriter was going to take the stage to accept the Best Lyrics award for Bieber's "Love Yourself" in 2017. Nonetheless, he did write the track, so it was a nice reminder of his pen game even if it was behind one of the biggest pop stars of our time.
37. 2017: Shawn Mendes begged for "Mercy"Photo: Andrew Swartz for iHeartRadio
Leave it to Shawn Mendes to show his vocal growth with a simple performance backed by his band. In front of a psychedelic set, the teen sensation churned out a vocally impressive number when he took center stage for the three-minute song.
38. 2017: Big Sean brought the movesPhoto: Brian Friedman for iHeartRadio
Big Sean doesn't necessarily need backup dancers and over-the-top props, but the rapper did show off some extra pizazz when he performed a medley of cuts like "Voice in My Head," "Bounce Back" and "Moves" in 2017.
39. 2017: Thomas Rhett brought his living roomPhoto: Andrew Swartz for iHeartRadio
Have you ever wanted to see what it's like inside of Thomas Rhett's living room? Well, our 2017 show got as close as we could when the country singer performed his song "Star of the Show" inside of a living room-inspired set up.
40. Bruno Mars took home the Innovator AwardPhoto: Florent Déchard
Bruno Mars took home the biggest award of the night in 2017 when he was deemed the Innovator of the year. After a high-energy performance of "Treasure" and "That's What I Like," the pop star accepted the coveted title and offered the audience with a small piece of gratitude. "We've come a long way. We used to play in bars not too far away from here, two-hundred seater rooms. You see these guys in the videos, you see these guys in the Super Bowl," Mars said. "This is my family right here."


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Cablevision Launches Optimum App for Kindle Fire
Cablevision subscribers now can enjoy full-blown live TV and On Demand programming from their Amazon tablet
Unlike other cable/satellite provider's mobile apps that only offer bits and pieces of subscription content to smartphones, tablets, and computers, Cablevision's Optimum app gives a user access to all the content they pay for monthly on their Mac or PC, or shrunken down on an iOS (iPhone, iPad or iPod Touch) device.
Cablevision now adds the Kindle Fire tablet to its lineup of mobile devices that allows cable television customers to watch all the channels they subscribe to live when connected to their home network, in addition to all of the On Demand content they receive as part of their service. Users can browse through all of Cablevision's programming, filter search results, and use the app to control other televisions in the house.
Additional features available to Cablevision subscribers includes scheduling and managing DVR content, parental controls, and closed captioning options and settings. The Optimum app from Cablevision is free from the Amazon Appstore.


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Hope College staff members were recognized for service during the college's annual service award luncheon, held on Friday, Feb. 18, at the Haworth Inn and ConferenceCenter.
Hope College staff members were recognized for service during the college's annual service award luncheon, held on Friday, Feb. 18, at the Haworth Inn and ConferenceCenter.
° Honored as retirees were Diana Benzenberg, office of finance, 19 years; James Boelkins, provost, eight years; Jeanne Kinkema, Hope-Geneva Bookstore, 37 years; Carl Mayer, physical plant, 34 years; Kathryn Miller, public and community relations, 17 years; Marlene Reus, physical plant, 29 years; Bonnie Lou Rietman, physical plant, 25 years.
° Honored for 25 years of service were Julie A. Barney, Hope-Geneva Bookstore; Steven P. DeJong, computing and information technology; Robert H. Garrison, physical plant; Lori H. Hertel, biology; Kevin P. Kraay, business services; Chris McDowell, computing and information technology; Kendra Lee Williams, international education.
° Marking 20 years of service were Patricia L. Carlson, Van Wylen Library; Brenda Crisp, education; Greg J. Maybury, campus operations; Kathryn A. Maybury, computing and information technology; Barbara C. Scholten, education; and Yolanda A. Vega, Hope College Upward Bound.
° Fifteen-year honorees were Erik A. Alberg, events and conferences; Robert V. Boersma, Children's After School Achievement Program; David Elsbury, computing and information technology; Charlotte M. Hough, physical plant; Andrew R. Huisman, mailroom; Sadie M. Jungling, DeWittTennisCenter; Tracey A. Nally, provost's office; Shelley K. Schrotenboer, physical plant; and Christine C. Wennersten, Hope-Geneva Bookstore.
° Honored for 10 years of service were Habeeb G. Awad, international education; Philip S. Blauw, computing and information technology; Milagro Brunink, campus safety; Henry Yun-Ping Chen, campus safety; Carla P. Davis, human resources; Terry L. Derks, transportation; Michael L. Everse, campus safety; Shirley J. Harmsen, business services; Jacqueline J. Kacmar, business services; Carla J. Kaminski, Van Wylen Library; Dianna S. Machiela, human resources; Kimberly E. Swartout, college advancement; and Laurie E. Van Ark, Carl Frost Center for Social Science Research.
° Marking five years of service were Carole Bradford, DeWitt Tennis Center; Thomas W. Bylsma, office of finance; Jennifer A. Daldos, physical plant; Mark L. DeWitt, college advancement; Shawn M. Drost, physical plant; Sara L. Frye, multicultural education; Christine S. Gould, computing and information technology; Nathanael P. Hansen, student development; Allison P. Jesky, physical plant; John E. Jobson, student development; Kristen D. Johnson, CrossRoads Project; Trygve D. Johnson, campus ministries; Michelle J. Kelley, Van Wylen Library; Sarah K. Kolean, Center for Faithful Leadership; Edwin Lee Kortman, physical plant; Michael J. Kragt, physical plant; Madeline Kukla, education; Moses N.F. Lee, dean for the natural and applied sciences; Andrew J. Meyers, admissions; Kim K. Reinking, physical plant; John A. Ruiter, college advancement; Elizabeth K. Steenwyk, registrar's office; Ryan Lee Stehouwer, physical plant; Cheryl D. Ter Haar, college advancement; Dean M. Thayer, computing and information technology; Michael D. Van Dort, physical plant; Paul J. VanAllsburg, computing and information technology; Constance A. VanderZwaag, human resources; Linda S. Warner, Carl Frost Center for Social Science Research; Delores L. Wernette, president's office; Rajean K. Wolters, office of the dean for the arts and humanities; and Cheryl A. Young, music.


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Tuesday, October 02, 2007
The Most Depressing Graphic You'll See All Year
We get a lot of heat here at NotMakingThisUp when we turn the subject to global warming, which is real and is caused by human beings.
(Ask any gardener what's happened to the USDA 'hardiness' zones since the last official update: they're moving north.)
But words don't do the subject justice, because anybody can find a statistic that supports their position. In fact, I have one friend—and he is a friend—who rebuts the human-caused global warming case by citing data showing that temperatures on Mars are going up…ergo, Earth's warming is not man-induced.
The linkage escapes me, but it provides him comfort.
So instead of words, we're providing a link to today's online New York Times, which shows about the most depressing graphic you'll see all year:
Note to conspiracy theorists: I'm not making it up, so if you think the Times is, complain to them!
Jeff Matthews
I Am Not Making This Up
© 2007 NotMakingThisUp, LLC
The content contained in this blog represents the opinions of Mr. Matthews. Mr. Matthews also acts as an advisor and clients advised by Mr. Matthews may hold either long or short positions in securities of various companies discussed in the blog based upon Mr. Matthews' recommendations. This commentary in no way constitutes a solicitation of business or investment advice. It is intended solely for the entertainment of the reader, and the author.
23 comments:
- Tim Dierks said...
I suspect you actually wanted to link to this "Sea Ice in Retreat" interactive graphic from today's article, "Arctic Melt Unnerves the Experts".
- John said...
This link should do it.
And the graphic is depressing.
- CurmudgeonlyTroll said...
presumably this is the link
An interesting read on energy consumption and sustainability
lots of interesting numbers, but in a nutshell, even if the UK harnessed all the tides all around britain, put solar panels on every building, massive windfarms etc., wouldn't match current UK energy consumption.
- Turbowagon said...
I do not see the graphic of which you speak. They must have moved it. Can you post an updated link to the graphic? Thanks.
- Bill Luby said...
I assume you mean this link: Sea Ice in Retreat
- Bubbles said...
I'm not worried about global warming at all, if you look at more than just a few years of data, say at the past few thousand years temperatures rise and fall it's cyclical. Since we've reached peak oil what I'm worried about is the next ice age, but I'm not losing sleep over it.
BTW: I do NOT own a car and use mass transit, walk or ride my bike to get where I need to go. I remember Jeff Matthews blogging awhile back about being stuck in traffic in his SUV trying to go to a Yankees game and complaining about it and yet he's the one worried about global warming?
Why didn't Jeff take the subway to the game? I've done it many times and its fun especially after night games.
Jeff sounds like your typical hypocritical tree hugging environmentalist.
- David said...
"which is real and is caused by human beings."
Whew, I'm glad that's settled.
"The linkage escapes me, but it provides him comfort."
Umm, there is none. I think that's the point.
- TG said...
For whatever it's worth - I have noticed fire ants and bahia grass in Memphis, TN this summer. Both are subtropical species that marked my childhood in south Alabama. It's actually kind of nice to have them around, but I think anecdotally it is evidence of warmer temperatures.
- KK said...
It would be interesting to see how the Arctic ice cap looked during the Medieval Warm Period vs. today.
Those Vikings and their Volvos.
Looks like NASA is trying to stay relevant by becoming a brand name global warming data machine. So much for exploring space I guess.
- Invictus said...
I believe that the positive connotations Humans, being warm blooded creatures, associate with the word "warming" plays a huge part in the indifferent attitudes we have. Change the issue to global cooling and everyone becomes concerned.
A Danish economist has an interesting perspective on global warming.
1. Global warming is real, and people are a major cause.
2. When considering the problems that global warming will cause, we shouldn't ignore the benefits of global warming, such as fewer deaths from cold.
3. The oceans rose a foot in the last hundred years, and the world adapted, so the additional rise from global warming might not be as big a problem as people assume.
4. Developing economical fossil fuel alternatives is the only rational solution to global warming because countries such as China and India will use the cheapest fuel, period. If only the developed countries who can afford alternatives change their ways, it's not enough to make a dent in the problem.
The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World
There is a book, "Natural Capitalism," which your buddy invoking the Mars is warming also phenomenon probably drew his conclusion from. "The Capitalist Manifesto," also deals with increased solar flares as a major contributor.
In my humble opinion, the real issue should be what to do once global warming accelerates (and profit from), not debating whether it exists.
- Invictus said...
A simpler illustration that everyone can understand is May flies in March.
- Anonymous said...
Pages of many web site contains global warming pictures. But that pictures not give enough information of global warming. Global Warming myth is very deep ozone has doubled since the mid-19th century due to chemical emissions from vehicles, industrial processes and the burning of forests, the British climate researchers wrote.
- Jack Straw said...
Jeff, I for one do not doubt that global warming exists and is PARTIALLY caused by humans. But, aside from "bubbles" example of you in an SUV going to a Yankee game (which is a fair point, IMHO), what do you suggest people do about it right now. And please... as a PRACTICAL matter. Yes, people can make simple choices like taking mass transit, although a lot of times its not that simple. One person is not likely to go out of their way to take the train when it costs them an extra 30 minutes each way, when they see everyone else just polluting up the same road the would be on. What else?
- Michael said...
I'm guessing the global warming on Mars that NASA recently noted is our fault too.
- patrick neid said...
Finally the fabled Northwest Passage is open!
- Jeff Matthews said...
"Bubbles": name calling? Stick with Yahoo! please.
- princess said...
Jeff - I have enjoyed reading your blog for quite a while now and find your comments interesting, insightful and full of common sense. I must say that I am surprised by your comment about the "most depressing"... all year. With all the poverty, suffering, and man's inhumanity to man (and animal) around the world, that you would consider the global warming issue the most depressing is "most surprising" to me.
- Hells_Satans said...
Ice/Glacier increase and retreat is caused by precipitation or lack thereof, more than anything else. Any Glaciologist will tell you the same.
Jeff, it seems you may not have read up on solar forcing, and rely solely on the NYT to tell you what cutting-edge science research is going on.
The Sun's coronal field has double in 100 years:
Moreover, changes in the heliospheric magnetic field have been linked with changes in total cloud cover over the Earth, which may influence global climate. Here we show that measurements of the near-Earth interplanetary magnetic field reveal that the total magnetic flux leaving the Sun has risen by a factor of 1.4 since 1964: surrogate measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field indicate that the increase since 1901 has been by a factor of 2.3."
Studies done in 2003 [stott] and 2004 [Journal of Climate] show
that even Global Warming [CO2-version] scientists say that as much as
36-40% of the Net Temp increase since 1900 is due to solar forcing!
On top of that, about 15% of the increase has been deemed due to
the [now shrinking] Ozone hole, now, that increase will slow down more and vanish in the next 3-4 decades, but that's a LOT of warming that even the GW science hysterics admit is NOT due to CO2. [Again, Journal of Climate, 2004]
In addition, the US Historical Climate Network (USHCN) reports about a 0.6C temperature increase in the lower 48 states since about 1940. There are two steps to reporting these historic temperature numbers. First, actual measurements are taken. Second, adjustments are made after the fact by scientists to the data. Would you like to guess how much of the 0.6C temperature rise is from actual measured temperature increases and how much is due to adjustments of various levels of arbitrariness? Here it is, for the period from 1940 to present in the US:
Actual Measured Temperature Increase: 0.1C
Adjustments and Fudge Factors: 0.5C
Total Reported Warming: 0.6C
Yes, that is correct. Nearly all the reported warming in the USHCN data base, which is used for nearly all global warming studies and models, is from human-added fudge factors, guesstimates, and corrections.
I know what you are thinking - this is some weird skeptic's urban legend. Well, actually it comes right from the NOAA web page which describes how they maintain the USHCN data set.
Then we also have AUCKLAND (AFP):
A discovery that it is much colder over the South Pole than believed has exposed a major flaw in the computer models used to predict global warming, a new scientific paper claims.
US scientists based at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station say they have measured the temperature of the atmosphere 30 to 110 kilometres (18 to 68 miles) over the pole and found it is 20 to 30 degrees Centigrade (36 to 54 degrees Fahrenheit relative) colder than computer models showed.
Various models are used to predict global climate and some assumptions have had to be made, including air temperatures over Antarctica.
Chester Gardner, a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois, Weilin Pan, a doctoral student at Illinois and Ray Roble of the US National Center for Atmospheric Research writing in the American Geophysical Union Letters say the models are wrong.
"Because of the obvious challenges, until now, the only temperature data we have had from either the North or South Poles has been from surface measurements and weather balloons that don't go any higher than about 20-30 kilometres (12-18 miles)," Gardner told AFP.'
Predictions of climate
Posted by Oliver Morton on behalf of Kevin E. Trenberth [Nature weblog]
I have often seen references to predictions of future climate by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), presumably through the IPCC assessments (the various chapters in the recently completed Working Group I Fourth Assessment report ican be accessed through this listing). In fact, since the last report it is also often stated that the science is settled or done and now is the time for action.
In fact there are no predictions by IPCC at all. And there never have been. The IPCC instead proffers "what if" projections of future climate that correspond to certain emissions scenarios. There are a number of assumptions that go into these emissions scenarios. They are intended to cover a range of possible self consistent "story lines" that then provide decision makers with information about which paths might be more desirable. But they do not consider many things like the recovery of the ozone layer, for instance, or observed trends in forcing agents. There is no estimate, even probabilistically, as to the likelihood of any emissions scenario and no best guess.
Even if there were, the projections are based on model results that provide differences of the future climate relative to that today. None of the models used by IPCC are initialized to the observed state and none of the climate states in the models correspond even remotely to the current observed climate. In particular, the state of the oceans, sea ice, and soil moisture has no relationship to the observed state at any recent time in any of the IPCC models. "
Freeman Dyson had this to say on GW:
Global warming on Neptune also attributed to solar forcing & exposure.
Eppur si muove, as the man said.
- expectingrain said...
I don't disagree with Global Warming, but the earth has been here millions of years. If we've caused such drastic changes in around 100 years of being industrialized, that we can see the changes year over year, then the earth is probably toast. Its probably irreversible at this point.
- Dave M. said...
Jeff must have missed the NY Times article a few weeks ago where they said.."Still, he and other scientists acknowledged that both poles were extraordinarily complicated systems of ice, water and land, and that the mix of human and natural influences was not easy to clarify. Sea ice around Antarctica has seen unusual winter expansions recently, and this week is near a record high.""
This is also in accordance with many scientific observations that the Northern hemisphere is getting warmer and the southern hemisphere is getting colder. The bias of the NY Times shows when they only devoted the last sentence of the article to the fact of Antarctic cooling.
Then there's this NASA climatologist who says..." ''The analogy I use is like my car's not running very well, so I'm going to ignore the engine which is the sun and I'm going to ignore the transmission which is the water vapour and I'm going to look at one nut on the right rear wheel which is the human produced CO2. The science is that bad.''-Dr Roy Spencer, former NASA senior climatologist.
Jeff, you need to do more diligence on global warming because you look silly when you talk in absolutes.
- mla said...
I am not a scientist, so all we can do is sling competing experts toward each other.
- Jeff Matthews said...
Scientists still debate Darwin.
Meanwhile, look at what capitalists are doing: companies including GE are altering their budgets and their capital spending plans for what anybody with a backyard knows is happening--it's getting warmer.
As Dylan said, you don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows.
- Jeff Matthews said...
Scientists still debate Darwin.
Meanwhile, look at what capitalists are doing: companies including GE are altering their budgets and their capital spending plans for what anybody with a backyard knows is happening--it's getting warmer.
As Dylan said, you don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows.


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When you pull the depower rope on a quad line north bar the red safety line goes really slack. Has anyone modified the setup to fix this? How about a length of bungy from the Y connection point to half way along the safety line, so when the the depower rope is pulled the bungy retracts and keeps the safety line taught.
Can anyone see a problem with this?


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Hi everyone! Wow - apart from feeling absolutely tired and burnt from both ends through lack of sleep, I'm (ironically) feeling very excited and buzzed about my new site being launched tomorrow! I know there wont be any whistles or fireworks, but it's exciting none-the-less! And to parallel this momentous occassion I've been participating in Kelly Rae's e-course which is absolutely jam-packed with ideas for starting a creative biz, maintaining one and building on what you may already have. There is so much practical information which is easy for us not-so-computer-literate people to chew on, and so much possibility being thrown around the place - it's quite intoxicating actually! So yes, very timely for me indeed. You may notice in the up and coming weeks that I hope to step it up a bit more with my ETSY shop, facebook and twitter as I try and get myself 'out there' a bit more into our on-line village square... And if you have a moment - I would love you to stop by my blog and have a look at the site tomorrow. Leave a message and perhaps win a few goodies. But mostly I'd love to connect with you, hear where you're from, what you do and visit you too!
This blogger blog has served me so well! I started blogging as a way to keep family in touch whilst living away from home, and then it morphed into a scrapbooking blog as I jumped into that 4 years ago. It veered slightly left when I bought my first DSLR and focused on photography with my 52 week challenge until finally coming to rest as an all-things-painting-and-art type blog when I began painting 18 months ago. No fear! I wont be changing it again! But I'd like to mention that it's because of the name of my blog *heart* life that I took on the name Donna Heart for my business! It has all those little quirky plays on words - like "art" life, "love my life" "love my art" type thingos! So Donna Heart was born last November and I'm really happy to be taking the next step into my own website and saying goodbye to my humble *heart* life blog which has been so faithful! (Cue dreamy male voice) ...so folks as the sun sets on this season, we say 'au revoir' to *heart* life and hello to:
x don


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"Always" Next wrote:migya wrote:xbay wrote:Good for them. Now they NEED to add a SG. And then, we'll be talking about them winning it all next season. So until then... it's still for the Celtics or Lakers taking.
Delonte does a good job for them, good enough at least and plays his role well. They might just win it next season
Delonte is weak. SJack would be a perfect SG to play with Lebron.
Yep... where was Delonte in the Conference Finals? All I saw was LeBron scoring and the others missing. They need a more legit SG. Not an all-star, but someone who can take the pressure off LeBron and even Shaq.


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Problem: Who Fetched What, When?
Running a couple of quick scripts over the logfile data reveals that there are 12,600,064 instances of an article fetch coming from 2,345,571 different hosts. Suppose we are interested in who was fetching what, and when? An auditor, a police officer, or a marketing professional might be interested.
So, here's the problem: given a hostname, report what articles were fetched from that host, and when. The result is a list; if the list is empty, no articles were fetched.
We've already seen that a language's built-in hash or equivalent data structure gives the programmer a quick and easy way to store and look up key/value pairs. So, you might ask, why not use it?
That's an excellent question, and we should give the idea a try. There are reasons to worry that it might not work very well, so in the back of our minds, we should be thinking of a Plan B. As you may recall if you've ever studied hash tables, in order to go fast, they need to have a small load factor; in other words, they need to be mostly empty. However, a hash table that holds 2.35 million entries and is still mostly empty is going to require the use of a whole lot of memory.
To simplify things, I wrote a program that ran over all the logfiles and pulled out all the article fetches into a simple file; each line has the hostname, the time of the transaction, and the article name. Here are the first few lines:
crawl-66-249-72-77.googlebot.com 1166406026 2003/04/08/Riff s
egspd42470.ask.com 1166406027 2006/05/03/MARS-T-Shirt
184.108.40.206 1166406040 2003/03/27/Scanner
(The second field, the 10-digit number, is the standard Unix/Linux representation of time as the number of seconds since the beginning of 1970.)
Then I wrote a simple program to read this file and load a great big hash. Example 4-5 shows the program.
EXAMPLE 4-5. Loading a big hash
1 class BigHash
3 def initialize(file)
4 @hash = {}
5 lines = 0
6 File.open(file).each_line do |line|
7 s = line.split
8 article = s[2].intern
9 if @hash[s[0]]
10 @hash[s[0]] << [ s[1], article ]
11 else
12 @hash[s[0]] = [ s[1], article ]
13 end
14 lines += 1
15 STDERR.puts "Line: #{lines}" if (lines % 100000) == 0
16 end
17 end
19 def find(key)
20 @hash[key]
21 end
23 end
The program should be fairly self-explanatory, but line 15 is worth a note. When you're running a big program that's going to take a lot of time, it's very disturbing when it works away silently, maybe for hours. What if something's wrong? What if it's going incredibly slow and will never finish? So, line 15 prints out a progress report after every 100,000 lines of input, which is reassuring.
Running this program was interesting. It took about 55 minutes of CPU time to load up the hash, and the program grew to occupy 1.56 GB of memory. A little calculation sug gests that it costs around 680 bytes to store the information for each host, or slicing the data another way, about 126 bytes per fetch. This is a little scary, but probably reasonable for a hash table.
Retrieval performance was excellent. I ran 2,000 queries, half of which were randomly selected hosts from the log and thus succeeded, while the other half were those same hostnames reversed, none of which succeeded. The 2,000 queries completed in an average of about .02 seconds, so Ruby's hash implementation can look up records in a hash containing 12 million or so records thousands of times per second.
Those 55 minutes to load up the data are troubling, but there are some tricks to address that. You could, for example, load it up once, then serialize the hash out and read it back in. And I didn't try particularly hard to optimize the program.
The program was easy and quick to write, and it runs fast once it's initialized, so its performance is good both in terms of waiting-for-the-program time and waiting-for-the-programmer time. Still, I'm unsatisfied. I have the feeling that there ought to be a way to get this kind of performance while burning less memory, less startup time, or both. It involves writing our own search code, though.
{mospagebreak title=Binary Search}
Nobody gets a Computer Science degree without studying a wide variety of search algorithms: trees, heaps, hashes, lists, and more. My favorite among all these is binary search. Let's try it on the who-fetched-what-when problem and then look at what makes it beautiful.
My first attempt at putting binary search to use was quite disappointing; while the data took 10 minutes less to load, it required almost 100 MB more memory than with the hash. Clearly, there are some surprising things about the Ruby array implementation. The search also ran several times slower (but still in the range of thousands per second), but this is not surprising at all because the algorithm is running in Ruby code rather than with the underlying hardcoded hash implementation.
The problem is that in Ruby everything is an object, and arrays are fairly abstracted things with lots of built-in magic. So, let's reimplement the program in Java, in which integers are just integers, and arrays come with very few extras.*
Nothing could be simpler, conceptually, than binary search. You divide your search space in two and see whether you should be looking in the top or bottom half; then you repeat the exercise until done. Instructively, there are a great many ways to code this algorithm incorrectly, and several widely published versions contain bugs. The implementation mentioned in "On the Goodness of Binary Search," and shown in Java in Example 4-6, is based on one I learned from Gaston Gonnet, the lead developer of the Maple language for symbolic mathematics and currently Professor of Computer Science at ETH in Zürich.
EXAMPLE 4-6. Binary search
1 package binary ;
3 public class Finder {
4 public static int find(String[] keys, String target) {
5 int high = keys.length;
6 int low = -1;
7 while (high – low > 1) {
8 int probe = (low + high) >>> 1;
9 if (keys[probe].compareTo(target) > 0)
10 high = probe;
11 else
12 low = probe;
13 }
14 if (low == -1 || keys[low].compareTo(target) != 0)
15 return -1;
16 else
17 return low;
18 }
19 }
Key aspects of this program are as follows:
- In lines 5–6, note that the high and low bounds are set one off the ends of the array, so neither are initially valid indices. This eliminates all sorts of corner cases.
- The loop that starts in line 7 runs until the high and low bounds are adjacent; there is no testing to see whether the target has been found. Think for a minute whether you agree with this choice; we'll return to the question later.
The loop has two invariants. low is either –1 or points to something less than or equal to the target value. high is either one off the top of the array or points to something strictly greater than the target value.
- Line 8 is particularly interesting. In an earlier version it read:
probe = (high + low) / 2;
but in June 2006, Java guru Josh Bloch showed how, in certain obscure circumstances, that code could lead to integer overflow (see http://googleresearch.blogspot.com/2006/06/ extra-extra-read-all-about-it-nearly.html). It is sobering indeed that, many decades into the lifetime of computer science, we are still finding bugs in our core algorithms. (The issue is also discussed by Alberto Savoia in Chapter7.)
At this point, Rubyists will point out that modern dynamic languages such as Ruby and Python take care of integer overflow for you, and thus don't have this bug.
- Because of the loop invariant, once I'm done with the loop, I just need to check low (lines 14–17). If it's not –1, either it points to something that matches the target, or the target isn't there.
The Java version took only six and a half minutes to load, and it ran successfully, using less than 1 GB of heap. Also, while it's harder to measure CPU time in Java than in Ruby, there was no perceptible delay in running the same 2,000 searches.
{mospagebreak title=Binary Search Trade-offs}
Binary search has some very large advantages. First of all, its performance is O(log2 N) . People often don't really grasp how powerful this is. On a 32-bit computer, the biggest log2 you'll ever encounter is 32 (similarly, 64 on a 64-bit computer), and any algorithm that competes in an upper bound of a few dozen steps will be "good enough" for many real-world scenarios.
Second, the binary-search code is short and simple. Code that is short and simple is beau tiful, for a bunch of reasons. Maybe the most important is that it's easier to understand, and understanding code is harder than writing it. There are fewer places for bugs to hide. Also, compact code plays better with instruction sets, I-caches, and JIT compilers, and thus tends to run faster.
Third, once you've got that sorted array, you don't need any more index structures; binary search is very space-efficient.
The big downside to binary search is that the data has to be kept in order in memory. There are some data sets for which this is impossible, but fewer than you might think. If you think you have too much data to fit in memory, check the price of RAM these days and make sure. Any search strategy that requires going to disk is going to be immensely more complex, and in many scenarios slower.
Suppose you need to update the data set; you might think that would rule out binary search because you have to update a huge, contiguous array in memory. But that turns out to be easier than you might think. In fact, your program's memory is scattered randomly all over the computer's physical RAM, with the operating system's paging software making it look sequential; you can do the same kind of trick with your own data.
Some might argue that since a hash table is O(1) , that has to be better than binary search's O(log2 N ) . In practice, the difference may not be that significant; set up an experiment sometime and do some measurements. Also, consider that hash tables, with the necessary collision-resolution code, are considerably more complex to implement.
I don't want to be dogmatic, but in recent years, I've started to take the following approach to search problems:
- Try to solve it using your language's built-in hash tables.
- Then try to solve it with binary search.
- Only then should you reluctantly start to consider other more complex options.
{mospagebreak title=Escaping the Loop}
Some look at my binary-search algorithm and ask why the loop always runs to the end without checking whether it's found the target. In fact, this is the correct behavior; the math is beyond the scope of this chapter, but with a little work, you should be able to get an intuitive feeling for it—and this is the kind of intuition I've observed in some of the great programmers I've worked with.
Let's think about the progress of the loop. Suppose you have n elements in the array, where n is some really large number. The chance of finding the target the first time through is 1/n, a really small number. The next iteration (after you divide the search set in half) is 1/(n/2)—still small—and so on. In fact, the chance of hitting the target becomes significant only when you're down to 10 or 20 elements, which is to say maybe the last four times through the loop. And in the case where the search fails (which is common in many applications), those extra tests are pure overhead.
You could do the math to figure out when the probability of hitting the target approaches 50 percent, but qualitatively, ask yourself: does it make sense to add extra complexity to each step of an O(log2 N ) algorithm when the chances are it will save only a small number of steps at the end?
The take-away lesson is that binary search, done properly, is a two-step process. First, write an efficient loop that positions your low and high bounds properly, then add a simple check to see whether you hit or missed.
Search in the Large
When most people think of search they think of web search, as offered by Yahoo!, Google, and their competitors. While ubiquitous web search is a new thing, the discipline of full-text search upon which it is based is not. Most of the seminal papers were written by Gerald Salton at Cornell as far back as the early 1960s. The basic techniques for indexing and searching large volumes of text have not changed dramatically since then. What has changed is how result ranking is done.*
Searching with Postings
The standard approach to full-text search is based on the notion of a posting, which is a small, fixed-size record. To build an index, you read all the documents and, for each word, create a posting that says word x appears in document y at position z. Then you sort all the words together, so that for each unique word you have a list of postings, each a pair of numbers consisting of a document ID and the text's offset in that document.
Because postings are small and fixed in size, and because you tend to have a huge number of them, a natural approach is to use binary search. I have no idea of the details of how Google or Yahoo! do things, but I'd be really unsurprised to hear that those tens of thousands of computers spend a whole lot of their time binary-searching big arrays of postings.
People who are knowledgeable about search shared a collective snicker a few years ago when the number of documents Google advertised as searching, after having been stuck at two billion and change for some years, suddenly became much larger and then kept growing. Presumably they had switched the document ID in all those postings from 32-bit to 64-bit numbers.
Ranking Results
Given a word, searching a list of postings to figure out which documents contain it is not rocket science. A little thought shows that combining the lists to do AND and OR queries and phrase search is also simple, conceptually at least. What's hard is sorting the result list so that the good results show up near the top. Computer science has a subdiscipline called Information Retrieval (IR for short) that focuses almost entirely on this problem. Historically, the results had been very poor, up until recently.
{mospagebreak title=Searching the Web}
Google and its competitors have been able to produce good results in the face of unimaginably huge data sets and populations of users. When I say "good," I mean that high-quality results appear near the top of the result list, and that the result list appears quickly.
The promotion of high-quality results is a result of many factors, the most notable of which is what Google calls PageRank, based largely on link counting: pages with lots of hyperlinks pointing at them are deemed to be more popular and thus, by popular vote, winners.
In practice, this seems to work well. A couple of interesting observations follow. First, until the rise of PageRank, the leaders in the search-engine space were offerings such as Yahoo! and DMoz, which worked by categorizing results; so, the evidence seems to suggest that it's more useful to know how popular something is than to know what it's about.
Second, PageRank is applicable only to document collections that are richly populated with links back and forth between the documents. At the moment, two document collections qualify: the World Wide Web and the corpus of peer-reviewed academic publications (which have applied PageRank-like methods for decades).
The ability of large search engines to scale up with the size of data and number of users has been impressive. It is based on the massive application of parallelism: attacking big problems with large numbers of small computers, rather than a few big ones. One of the nice things about postings is that each posting is independent of all the others, so they naturally lend themselves to parallel approaches.
For example, an index based on doing binary search in arrays of postings is fairly straightforward to partition. In an index containing only English words, you could easily create 26 partitions (the term used in the industry is shards), one for words beginning with each letter. Then you can make as many copies as you need of each shard. Then, a huge volume of word-search queries can be farmed out across an arbitrarily large collection of cooperating search nodes.
This leaves the problem of combining search results for multiword or phrase searches, and this requires some real innovation, but it's easy to see how the basic word-search function could be parallelized.
This discussion is a little unfair in that it glosses over a huge number of important issues, notably including fighting the Internet miscreants who continually try to outsmart search-engine algorithms for commercial gain.
It is hard to imagine any computer application that does not involve storing data and finding it based on its content. The world's single most popular computer application, web search, is a notable example.
This chapter has considered some of the issues, notably bypassing the traditional "database" domain and the world of search strategies that involve external storage. Whether operating at the level of a single line of text or billions of web documents, search is central. From the programmer's point of view, it also needs to be said that implementing searches of one kind or another is, among other things, fun.
* People who have used regular expressions know that a period is a placeholder for "any character," but it's harder to remember that when a period is enclosed in square brackets, it loses the special meaning and refers to just a period.
* This discussion of binary search borrows heavily from my 2003 piece, "On the Goodness of Binary Search," available online at http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2003/03/22/Binary.
* This discussion of full-text search borrows heavily from my 2003 series, On Search, available online at http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2003/ 07/30/OnSearchTOC. The series covers the topic of search quite broadly, including issues of user experience, quality control, natural language processing, intelligence, internationalization, and so on.


text:
Sounds' Gindl hits for the cycle
Brewers prospect gets triple, homer out of the way early
By Andrew Pentis / Special to MLB.com | July 10, 2011 8:52 PM
The Brewers prospect had tripled and homered in the first three innings Sunday, then doubled in the eighth. So when he came to bat in the ninth, he'd need one pitch.
Gindl completed Nashville's first cycle in seven years -- and third in its 33-year history -- with a two-out single to center field in the Sounds' 9-5 road win over the Albuquerque Isotopes.
"When I came up, I was like, 'Go down here swinging,'" he said. "There was no way I was going to walk."
Playing right field and batting seventh spot, Gindl became the first member of the Sounds to accomplish the feat since J.R. House on May 21, 2004 against Sacramento. Tike Redman hit for the first cycle in Nashville history on June 30, 2001.
Gindl also totaled 10 bases the hard way -- against four different pitchers.
"I was seeing the ball well," he deadpanned. "I knew I probably wouldn't see one of the guys twice."
The 23-year-old grounded out in the fifth inning in his second matchup with Ramon Troncoso, the same reliever he took yard in the third.
The Florida native was due to bat fourth in the ninth and, thanks to Taylor Green drawing a walk and Wil Nieves beating out a potential double-play ball (the catcher already had grounded into two), returned to the batter's box for one shot.
"It was in the back of my mind," Gindl said. "As soon as I hit the double [in the eighth], it registered. I was just like, 'Man, I hope I get up one more time. "It would have never happened if my teammates didn't get me back up; they battled."
What was Gindl's on-field reaction? "I gave a fist-pump," he said.
The achievement caps a torrid two weeks. He's batting .393 (22-for-56) over his past 13 games and has raised his average 29 points to .281.
"I just tried to make an adjustment," said Gindl, who had four multi-strikeout games in the season's first 11 contests. "Early on, I struggled with off-speed pitches. I just had to be more selective, swing at strikes and not swing at everything. That's been the biggest difference for me. Before, I was swinging at a lot of bad pitches."
Gindl, Milwaukee's fifth-round Draft pick in 2007, is in the midst of his first Triple-A trial. He batted .217 in April, .240 in May, .303 in June and sports a .364 mark this month.
"I have been getting better each month," he said. "After the season, if I can look back and see I got better, that's the goal right now."
Green also starred for the Sounds, reaching base four times and smacking a third-inning grand slam that preceded Gindl's own longball. Green went deep against former big leaguer Ian Snell (1-2), who was charged with six runs over two-plus innings.
Nashville starter Josh Butler (5-5) allowed a run on five hits over five innings, but the Isotopes pushed across four runs over the final two innings.
Dee Gordon, the Dodgers' No. 1 prospect, tripled and singled twice in five at-bats for Albuquerque.
Andrew Pentis is a contributor to MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More