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Joined: 07 Mar 1999
Posts: 12145
Location: Berkeley, California
Posted: Sun Sep 11, 2011 7:25 pm
Post subject: Insanity
I believe it was Einstein that said doing the same thing over and over again and expecting better results is insanity. Here are a few suggestions about overcoming insanity by an insider in the Defense industry, John Arquilla, professor of defense analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey.
H.G. Wells once wrote that the effort to learn from one's experiences is "a race between education and catastrophe." Ten years on from the searing attacks on America, it seems that we have indeed been racing, but in the wrong direction.
The U.S. military has had trillions lavished upon it, even in this era of deep economic malaise, to fight just a relative handful of insurgents and terrorists. Yet the troops are exhausted, the Afghan campaign drags on and Iraq is likely to go up in flames if we pull out, as promised, by the end of this year.
Fighting enemies whose most basic activity is the murder of innocents, the American effort to root out these malefactors should be applauded. But the fact is that the image of the United States in much of the world has been gravely tarnished, in ways that will take decades, perhaps a century, to repair. If ever.
How did all this happen? By failing to learn two lessons: Networks matter, and ethical health must be carefully tended.
It took just a few days after 9-11 for "terrorist network" to become one of the most used phrases in the English language. It still is. And one can hardly walk the halls of the Pentagon, day or night, without overhearing somebody talking about the need to "connect the dots" and "attack the network."
But this is just lip service. Instead of focusing on the use of small, elite teams (like the Navy SEALs who got Osama bin Laden) against al-Qaida and allied groups, the fight against the networks has been conducted this past decade largely by going after other nations in traditional military campaigns. The basic idea is that, by turning societies that "need improving" into democracies like ours, soon there will be little room left for terrorism.
The problem is that it is an inordinately expensive undertaking, this effort to defy the gravitational pull of local history and culture in far-off places and turn Iraqis and Afghans into, say, Iowans. And even if these nation-building enterprises ultimately succeed, the slow pace of advancing democracy and the trillions it costs every time this method is tried guarantee that terrorist networks will always have ample time and opportunity to set up shop somewhere else.
Given that al-Qaida itself still has cells of covert operatives in more than 60 countries, including in advanced societies like those of the European Union, the notion of bringing democracy by force of arms rings hollow. There are simply far too many places around the world for terrorists to hide, and chasing after them with large and balky military forces is a path to failure at ruinous cost.
Our continued support for authoritarian rulers, when it is in our self interest to do so (as in Saudi Arabia), adds an ethical layer to the "cost critique" of American foreign and military policy this past decade. How is it that we can support democracy in some places but not others? Far better for the United States to focus instead on the terrorist networks, allowing nations, even ones whose governments we don't like, to work out their own futures.
The Arab Spring offers cautionary examples as well about the proper American role, if any, in changing societies. Tunisia has moved toward democracy without any intervention from the United States. In Egypt, the situation is one in which the American military has many ties to the armed forces, former oppressors whose leaders now play influential roles in the pace of change there -- which has slowed. In Libya, where American military involvement has been most pronounced, a costly war erupted, bringing carnage, societal chaos and a very uncertain future.
In this realm, perhaps less is more.
But beyond our having drawn the wrong lessons about nation-building and armed intervention, there is another terrible sign, this time in our own behavior, that we have failed to mind our ethical health these past 10 years. From prisoner abuses, such as those at Abu Ghraib, to the gang rape of an Iraqi girl and the murder of her family and on to the 5th Stryker Brigade's "kill team" in Afghanistan, it is clear that the American armed forces, from senior officers to sergeants, must redouble their efforts to stamp out such practices.
While heinous acts committed in the field have thankfully been few, the unethical treatment of detainees has proved far more common. Whatever the euphemism employed -- phrases like "enhanced methods" and "stress positions" are commonly used to describe interrogation techniques -- we have behaved unethically too often and for too long.
And the very fact that the American public can still debate the merits of such methods, in the guise of cool cost-benefit analysis, is a sure sign of our ethical ill health. Perhaps it is a lingering 9/11-related rage that drives such attitudes. Whatever the cause, we cannot allow crimes committed by our enemies to excuse our own unethical behavior.
If we had truly learned that networks matter, and that we had to remain always vigilant about upholding ethical standards, what would the past 10 years have looked like? And what would the world look like today?
A few al-Qaida operatives still might be out there, but if we had focused single-mindedly on the network, with our special operators and much of our intelligence apparatus leading the way, bin Laden and most of his minions would have been dealt with far sooner. And new recruits would have been deterred from joining the jihad by our demonstrated skill at finding and neutralizing them.
If we had refrained from nation-building, we would have kept only a handful of elite troops in Afghanistan after the fall of the Taliban and would have allowed the Afghans to restore their king, as they asked us at the great jirga early in 2002. As to Iraq, we would never have invaded, saving trillions of dollars and well over 100,000 lives.
If ethical health had been a priority, there would have been far fewer abuses in the field and in the treatment of detainees. There would have been less anger and division here at home and more sympathy and support for Americans abroad.
Two simple lessons. Had they been learned, a much different, far better world would have risen from the rubble of the twin towers.
John Arquilla is professor of defense analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey. His latest book is "Insurgents, Raiders, and Bandits."
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Joined: 11 Nov 1993
Posts: 8175
Posted: Mon Sep 12, 2011 4:25 pm
Post subject:
Many conservatives did not want the war in Iraq. I'm not sure they were brave enought to speak up though, but either were many liberals in power.
I agree entirely with the fact that we never should have gone beyond the 1st year in Afghanistan, or ever put boots on the ground in Iraq.
Now what? Limit the size of government has always been my solution, and the easiest to accomplish. Eisenhower warned us of the "military industrial complex". He was way ahead of his time. What a shame we nominated Nixon. We've only had a couple of good presidents since.
Fringe talk radio types (conservatives) have been increasingly calling for withdrawal of the vast majority of our troops. I hope this can be done with the least amount of pain for America.
One other thing. I'm very tired of taking my shoes off at the airport. The night vision cameras, strip searches etcetera are begining to remind me of Orwell.
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Joined: 07 Mar 1999
Posts: 12145
Location: Berkeley, California
Posted: Mon Sep 12, 2011 9:41 pm
Post subject:
Only Barbara Lee voted against the Afghanistan war. Only Feingold voted against the Patriot Act.
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Joined: 11 Nov 1993
Posts: 8175
Posted: Mon Sep 12, 2011 11:47 pm
Post subject:
I hope times have changed. I'm sure hearing alot of grumbling from the right about this never ending war in the middle east. Many of my conservative friends want that money and blood to return to America asap. Hard to argue this point.
I really believed that after 911 we'd simply shut our borders and find out who was here. I was also opposed to the patriot act from the right. I'm sick about the loss of civil liberties over the last 10 years.
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Joined: 07 Mar 1999
Posts: 12145
Location: Berkeley, California
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 10:16 am
Post subject:
I'm at least mildly surprised to agree with Bard on his last two posts. The difficulty is that the republicans have kicked out almost all of the moderate, Eisenhower Republicans, and replaced them with church ladies who are interested in regulating everyone's sexual behavior.
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Joined: 11 Aug 2006
Posts: 1075
Location: Florida
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 12:53 pm
Post subject:
So far Huntsman looks like my favorite. He is intelligent, he has business experience and government experience and he doesn't have any kooky ideas a la Perry.
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Joined: 11 Aug 2006
Posts: 1075
Location: Florida
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 12:54 pm
Post subject:
And Huntsman gets it that our tax system is in need of a complete overhaul in order to lower rates and make it equitable.
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Joined: 22 Feb 2002
Posts: 2714
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 1:23 pm
Post subject:
capetonian wrote:
he doesn't have any kooky ideas
Have you ever checked out the Book of Mormon?
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Joined: 08 Nov 1993
Posts: 9364
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 1:35 pm
Post subject:
While Huntsman might be the most practical voice in the cast of characters trying to win the Republican nomination for president, he doesn't really stand a chance with today's conservative Republican party. Sadly, that's the truth.
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Joined: 11 Aug 2006
Posts: 1075
Location: Florida
Posted: Tue Sep 13, 2011 1:41 pm
Post subject:
windoggie wrote:
capetonian wrote:
he doesn't have any kooky ideas
Have you ever checked out the Book of Mormon?
Sometimes he sounds like he is not as deep a Mormon believer as others. Maybe that is to make him more palatable to the religious fringe that now runs the Republican Party?
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Looking beyond record, Norris makes All-Star case
HOUSTON -- Astros pitcher Bud Norris is not shy about his desire to play in the 2013 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.
"It would be a huge honor," he said. "That's what every player dreams of."View Full Game Coverage
HOUSTON -- Astros pitcher Bud Norris is not shy about his desire to play in the 2013 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.
"It would be a huge honor," he said. "That's what every player dreams of."View Full Game Coverage
The All-Star rosters will be announced at 5:30 p.m. CT on Saturday and televised nationally on FOX.
Norris has a case, though the Astros' first-half struggles and low profile could hurt his candidacy. There is no arguing with his numbers, which present a compelling profile.
The righty has a 3.22 ERA with 76 strikeouts in 18 starts, anchoring a burgeoning Houston rotation that has been mostly impeccable since mid-May.
"I think he's definitely getting All-Star consideration," manager Bo Porter said. "I think he's pitched well enough to be one. That's out of our control. I would definitely give him my vote, because he's been our best pitcher the whole year."
Last week, Angels manager Mike Scioscia called Norris "one of the best we've seen" all season. Then how is Norris' 6-7 record so decidedly underwhelming?
Houston has not hit for Norris often, scoring only three runs a game behind him. Over Norris' last 10 starts, that number has been even worse, as the Astros plated just 23 total runs in those outings.
It has left Norris on the hook for no-decisions and losses even when he has shut a lineup down, like last Friday, when he allowed no earned runs in seven innings but the Angels scored three times after he departed to win, 4-2.
"When you talk about wins and losses, a lot of things are out of your control," he said. "It's more about the quality of the outings. How productive is this guy, is the question. The wins and losses don't speak to that."
His ERA could actually drop to 3.06 if he wins an appeal to MLB about a hit call that he hopes to get changed to an error from the White Sox game June 17.
Norris, who has become a trade magnet but has been pledging his commitment to the Astros, said an All-Star nod would be more than just a personal achievement.
"Being an All-Star would be a big deal for me, but also an honor for this organization, too," he said. "I've made my case on the field, but these guys play the defense and get the hits that help me do that."
Chris Abshire is an associate reporter for MLB.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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People with Last Names of Fouyer
USA-People-Search > People Directory > F > Fouyer > Page 1
Were you looking for someone with the last name Fouyer? As you can see in our results below, there are many people with the last name Fouyer. You can narrow down your people search by selecting the link that contains the first name of the person you are looking to find.
Once you do click through you will be presented with a list of people with the last name Fouyer that match the first name you are looking for. In addition there is other data such as age, known locations, and possible relatives that can help you identify the right person.
If you have more information about the person you are looking for, such as their last known address or phone number, you can input that in the search box above and refine your results. This is a quick way to find the Fouyer you are looking for if you happen to know a lot about them.


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manakin avait besoin d'un nouveau design de logo et a lancé un concours sur 99designs.
Un gagnant a été sélectionné de 36 designs proposés par 13 designers freelance.
We are looking for a team logo that can be embroidred on our shirts and also used on our website
Oxney Vines Cross
Our team have never had a logo and we are looking for someone to create one. The team name is Oxney Vines Cross and we compete at a high level in Tug or War competitions.
The team has been established for many years and was founded by an amalgamation of 2 teams. The co founders were Mr Knight and Mr Reed. The logo needs to have a max of 6 colors.
We are looking for a few styles of logo:
1) Use the founding members in the logo i.e. a knight (soldier or chess piece) and Reeds.
2) Use an outline of pullers on a rope maybe surrounded by a rope?
I have uploaded some samples that I did to http://www.hypnoticweb.com/ovc.html - Note these are only samples and I am looking for some variations/new concepts.
The team wear black shorts, red top with black patch under the right arm and a white colar. The logo needs to contrast nicely with shirts.
- Logo can have max 6 colours.
- Logo needs to be used for embroidery.
- The logo MUST include the clucb name 'Oxney Vines Cross'
- The logo COULD include the wording Tug-of-War team etc...
- Logo with gradiants or difficult to create for embroidery
Savoir comment fonctionne un concours de design ou en savoir plus sur nos services de design de logo.


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|Sept. 10, 2012, 1:09 p.m. bengali.boy created a blog: Chest pain: First aid and gained 5 points View
Chest pain: First aid
Posted by bengali.boy
on on Sept. 10, 2012, 1:09 p.m.
Causes of chest pain can vary from minor problems, such as indigestion or stress, to serious medical emergencies, such as a heart attack or pulmonary embolism. The specific cause of chest pain is often difficult to interpret.
Finding the cause of your chest pain can be challenging, especially if you've never had symptoms in the past. Even doctors may have a difficult time deciding if chest pain is a sign of a heart attack or something less serious, such as indigestion. If you have unexplained chest pain lasting more than a few minutes, you should seek emergency medical assistance rather than trying to diagnose the cause yourself.
As with other sudden, unexplained pains, chest pain may be a signal for you to get medical help. Use the following information to help you determine whether your chest pain is a medical emergency.
Heart attack
A heart attack occurs when an artery that supplies oxygen to your heart muscle becomes blocked. A heart attack may cause chest pain that lasts 15 minutes or longer. But a heart attack can also be silent and produce no signs or symptoms.
Many people who experience a heart attack have warning symptoms hours, days or weeks in advance. The earliest warning sign of an attack may be ongoing episodes of chest pain that start when you're physically active, but are relieved by rest.
Someone having a heart attack may experience any or all of the following:
Uncomfortable pressure, fullness or squeezing pain in the center of the chest lasting more than a few minutes
Pain spreading to the shoulders, neck or arms
Lightheadedness, fainting, sweating, nausea or shortness of breath
If you or someone else may be having a heart attack:
Call 911 or emergency medical assistance. Don't "tough out" the symptoms of a heart attack for more than five minutes. If you don't have access to emergency medical services, have someone, such as a neighbor or friend, drive you to the nearest hospital. Drive yourself only as a last resort, if there are absolutely no other options. Driving yourself puts you and others at risk if your condition suddenly worsens.
Chew a regular-strength aspirin. Aspirin reduces blood clotting, which can help blood flow through a narrowed artery that's caused a heart attack. However, don't take aspirin if you are allergic to aspirin, have bleeding problems or take another blood-thinning medication, or if your doctor previously told you not to do so.
Take nitroglycerin, if prescribed. If you think you're having a heart attack and your doctor has previously prescribed nitroglycerin for you, take it as directed. Don't take anyone else's nitroglycerin.
Begin CPR on the person having a heart attack, if directed. If the person suspected of having a heart attack is unconscious, a 911 dispatcher or another emergency medical specialist may advise you to begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Even if you're not trained, a dispatcher can instruct you in CPR until help arrives. If help from a 911 dispatcher or emergency medical specialist is unavailable, begin CPR. If you don't know CPR, begin pushing hard and fast on the person's chest over the heart — about 100 compressions a minute.
Angina is a type of chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to your heart muscle. Angina may be stable or unstable:
Stable angina — persistent, recurring chest pain that usually occurs with exertion
Unstable angina — sudden, new chest pain, or a change in the pattern of previously stable angina, that may signal an impending heart attack
Angina is relatively common, but can be hard to distinguish from other types of chest pain, such as the pain or discomfort of indigestion.
Angina signs and symptoms may include:
Chest pain or discomfort
Pain in your arms, neck, jaw, shoulder or back accompanying chest pain
Shortness of breath
The severity, duration and type of angina can vary. If you have new or changing chest pain, these new or different symptoms may signal a more dangerous form of angina (unstable angina) or a heart attack. If your angina gets worse or changes, becoming unstable, seek medical attention immediately.
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary embolism occurs when a clot — usually from the veins of your leg or pelvis — lodges in a pulmonary artery of your lung. The lung tissue served by the artery doesn't get enough blood flow, causing tissue death. This makes it more difficult for your lungs to provide oxygen to the rest of your body.
Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism may include:
Sudden, sharp chest pain often accompanied by shortness of breath
Sudden, unexplained shortness of breath, even without pain
Cough that may produce blood-streaked sputum
Rapid heartbeat associated with shortness of breath
Severe anxiety
Unexplained sweating
Pulmonary embolism can be life-threatening. As with a suspected heart attack, call 911 or emergency medical assistance immediately.
Aortic dissection
An aortic dissection is a serious condition in which a tear develops in the inner layer of the aorta, the large blood vessel branching off the heart. Blood surges through this tear into the middle layer of the aorta, causing the inner and middle layers to separate (dissect). If the blood-filled channel ruptures through the outside aortic wall, aortic dissection is usually fatal.
If you think aortic dissection is the cause of your chest pain, seek emergency medical assistance immediately. Typical signs and symptoms include:
Sudden severe chest or upper back pain, often described as a tearing, ripping or shearing sensation, that radiates to the neck or down the back
Loss of consciousness (fainting)
Shortness of breath
Sudden difficulty speaking, loss of vision, weakness, or paralysis of one side of your body, such as having a stroke
Weak pulse in one arm compared with the other
Pneumonia with pleurisy
Frequent signs and symptoms of pneumonia are chest pain accompanied by chills, fever and a cough that may produce bloody or foul-smelling sputum. When pneumonia occurs with an inflammation of the membranes that surround the lung (pleura), you may have considerable chest discomfort when taking a breath or coughing. This condition is called pleurisy.
One sign of pleurisy is that the pain is usually relieved temporarily by holding your breath or putting pressure on the painful area of your chest. This isn't usually true of a heart attack. If you've recently been diagnosed with pneumonia and then start having symptoms of pleurisy, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention to determine the cause of your chest pain. Pleurisy alone isn't a medical emergency, but you shouldn't try to make the diagnosis yourself.
Chest wall pain
One of the most common varieties of harmless chest pain is chest wall pain. One kind of chest wall pain is costochondritis. It causes pain and tenderness in and around the cartilage that connects your ribs to your breastbone (sternum).
In costochondritis, pressing on a few points along the edge of your sternum often results in considerable tenderness in those small areas. If the pressure of a finger causes similar chest pain, it's unlikely that a serious condition, such as a heart attack, is the cause of your chest pain.
Other causes of chest pain include:
Strained chest muscles from overuse or excessive coughing
Chest muscle bruising from minor injury
Short-term, sudden anxiety with rapid breathing
Peptic ulcer disease
Pain from the digestive tract, such as esophageal reflux, peptic ulcer pain or gallbladder pain that may feel similar to heart attack symptoms
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Memorial Friday Afternoon for Falls Park Hero
One year ago today we all watched a story or heroism and tragedy unfold in Falls Park in downtown Sioux Falls. Reports of a 6-year old boy who had fallen in the Big Sioux River on a beautiful spring-like day began to come out. That was followed by eyewitness reports of the boy's sister and a complete stranger diving into the icy waters in an attempt to save the boy's life.
The little boy emerged unhurt from the foamy water, but his sister, 16-year old Madison Wallace, and the kind stranger, 28-year old Lyle Eagletail, didn't.
The search for Eagletail continued into the next day when rescuers found him and not a day goes by that his family doesn't remember his smile and generosity.
The Wallace family has since moved away, but a memorial will be held in Falls Park this evening (Friday March 14) at 5:30pm to remember the heroes. The public is invited to attend.
Family members of Eagletail hope that one day a plaque could be installed in the park to remember the two heroes who lost their lives trying to save a little boy.


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On Saturday, June 9, from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., there will be a family fun day at Famdamily's Restaurant, 1227 Great Falls Highway. Hair chalking, face painting, a dunking booth, children's karaoke, diabetes testing and arts and crafts are just some of activities planned for the event.
Sherry Archie
For The Lancaster News
Forty-seven years ago, Philip and Hedwig Burbach, along with their three young daughters, left their homeland of Germany behind and moved to the United States. They were following the lead of Philip's brother, George, who settled here in 1957.
People need trees. Literally. While we have intuitively known for years that taking a nature walk is good for our bodies, minds and spirits, researchers are now discovering that the human-tree connection can be critical to our health.
Scientists in Japan have learned that individuals walking in woods experience more positive physiological benefits than subjects who walked in the city.
Michele Roberts
For The Lancaster News
Five local boys graduated from Cub Scouts to Boy Scouts on May 6 during a ceremony held at Buford Volunteer Fire Department.
Chandler Horton, Austin Shipston, Mason Brasington, Hunter Roberts and JP Starr crossed the bridge from Cub Scout to Boy Scout during the ceremony. The occasion was made more memorable by the fact that the graduation coincided with the 50th anniversary of Cub Scout Pack 82, which was established in 1962.
Michele Roberts
For The Lancaster News
Whether you're looking for a bargain or a place to donate gently used clothing and household goods, try God's Attic Thrift Store in Heath Springs.
Michele Roberts
For The Lancaster News
May is National Pet Month, a time to celebrate the furry, four-legged companions that can be more like family members than just mere pets. For most pet owners, the worst possible scenario would to be to lose that valued member of the family. But there are several resources that can increase the chances of reuniting with a lost dog or cat.
Driving through the South Carolina countryside, you will occasionally see a green and white diamond-shaped sign declaring a property to be part of the American Tree Farm System. What does that mean?
The American Tree Farm System (ATFS) is the country's largest and oldest network of family-owned forests. More than 83,000 members are managing 26 million acres of America's forests.
From release
Fran Gardner, a professor of art and art history at the University of South Carolina Lancaster, will spend three weeks in July as the artist-in-residence at Chaco Culture National Historical Park in Chaco Canyon, Nageezi, N.M.
Carolinas Literacy Network
The third annual race for the 5K Race for Literacy is at 8 a.m. May 5 at the University of South Carolina Lancaster.
The Literacy 5K race is a charity event created to raise awareness of literacy programs supported by Carolinas Literacy Network. Money raised by the Race for Literacy are used by Carolinas Literacy Network to guide collaboration of learners, literacy providers and supporters toward improving regional literacy levels.
Katawba Valley Land Trust
The Katawba Valley Land Trust received two conservation easements that protect an additional 380 acres.
A 187-acre conservation easement was donated by the Stoneboro Plantation LLC in the Stoneboro area of southern Lancaster and northern Kershaw counties.
The donation is the second easement donated to KVLT by the Stoneboro Plantation LLC.
The total protected acreage is 751 acres on the heavily wooded property, which protects the headwaters of Little Beaver Creek.
Copyright © 2019
The Lancaster News is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Lancaster County and Lancaster, South Carolina, and the surrounding area..


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or make 4 interest-free payments of $19.75 AUD fortnightly with More info
Well ladies, we've done it again. The tropical beach babe behind the Goldfish Kiss, Rebekeh Steen, has designed one stella little capsule collection for La Luna Rose Jewelry – and its here for us all to enjoy!
It's fair to say that Bek of Goldfish Kiss is a jewelry wearing, stacking necklace, accessory queen! Our latest collab is a collection of 4 necklaces (3 of which can be purchased as separate charms) and one killer printed scarf that are guaranteed to be your new Summer-all-year-round best friends. Inspired by her love of the beach, tropics and ocean living, Bex designed these charms and 'Aloha' printed Scarf for La Luna Rose as mini keepsakes of special moments in her life.
The Hibiscus is well, Goldfish Kiss' signature flower! Often incorporating these beautiful flowers into her artwork, we made this into a delicate charm to wear around your neck year-round – No matter what the season may be! Hand-carved by our talented Wax Carvers, this piece is designed to layer.
Available designs in this latest collaboration collection includes: A Surf Fin Charm, A Hibiscus Flower Charm, A Sunset Charm, the Aloha Necklace and the Goldfish Kiss original print Scarf!
Each piece from this collection has been designed by Rebekah Steen of Goldfish Kissin collaboration with La Luna Rose as a limited edition collection. All designs are original and we both can't wait to share more tropical vibes with you all across the globe through this capsule! To find out more about the legend behind the designs, head over here to read her tropical blog.
Any questions about this piece or the collaboration? Click here to get in touch.
La Luna Rose Proudly donates 1% of all sales back to the planet.
Look forward to seeing your and your new best friend soon Chica - be sure to tag us! #LaLunaRose #ChicasWhoTravel
|SMALL (Size 6-10)
|MEDIUM (Size 10-14
|LARGE (Size 14-16)
|Shoulder Width
|Sleeve Length
|Chest Measurement
|Back Length
It is important to note that different countries have different sizing methods.
Most of the world goes by number sizing which is the easiest and most accurate.
Because we sell our jewellery all over the world, we have decided to stick with number sizing and have put together the below chart to help you out. The most common size for ladies is a size 7 and size 10 for man. If you are unsure of your size you can measure the inner diameter of one of your own rings and refer to the below measurements.
Feel free to email us at email@example.com if you have any further issues.
Please also note that if you are ordering a wide band ring, its usually a good idea to go up a size.
Size 6 = Ring Sizes L, M, N. Inner Diameter measures 16.5mm
Size 7 = Ring Sizes N, O, P. Inner Diameter measures 17.3mm
Size 8 = Ring Sizes P, Q, R. Inner Diameter measures 18.1mm
Size 9 = Ring Sizes R, S, T. Inner Diameter measures 18.9mm
If you require a ring in a different size in any of the designs offered, please send us an email here and we will see what our clever silversmiths can do for you.
All items in the La Luna Rose shop clearly label the length of the chain used for that design. Unless otherwise stated, all La Luna Rose necklaces are adjustable in length by 2" / 5cm. All necklaces in our Essentials collection have a finer chain and are adjustable y 1"/2.5cm in length.
Beaded Bracelets - La Luna Rose Sundown Sandy beaded bracelets are fastened with an adjustable clasp giving two size options for the 'average' wrist. One sits at a total circumference of approx 16cm and the other at 18.5cm. As all our pieces are individually hand-made, this may vary slightly. If you are concerned about your desired size, please feel free to email us & we can measure one up specifically for you in the design you will be ordering.
La Luna Rose Colour Creator Cuff Bracelets are also fastened with an adjustable clasp giving two size options for the 'average' wrist based on a wider design. One sits at a total circumference of 17.5cm and the other at 19cm. These fit slightly larger than ou As all our pieces are individually hand-made, this may vary slightly. If you are concerned about your desired size, please feel free to email us & we can measure one up specifically for you.
La Luna Rose Sideshow Sally Beaded Bracelets are constructed with a 'loop' system meaning that they do not open up completely but can be adjusted largely in size from a small wrist size measuring 14cm circumference to a larger wrist measuring 19cm circumference. To open them just pull at the end of the beaded section and to close them once on your wrist, pull the tassel heads gently. Again, if you are unsure please feel free to email us here & we can help you work out your size.
Solid Bracelets - Adults Our Solid bracelets are available in 3 sizes and measure 18cm in total circumference for a size SMALL, 19.8cm for a MEDIUM and 21cm for a LARGE. If you would like to check your wrist size, grab a strip of paper, string or tape measure and you can measure your wrist with 3 fingers underneath the string also. If you are still unsure and would like something smaller/bigger made for you, send us an email here and we will see what we can create.
La Luna Rose chain bracelets fit much like the beaded bracelets with an adjustable clasp. Therefore they have two/three size options for you. They sit at a total circumference of approx 17cm, 18cm and 19cm.
*For the Chunky Monkey bracelet we suggest a tighter fit. To be sure of your size here, measure your wrist circumference and use this to order the correct size as shown on the product page.
All measurements are on the product pages. Our Essentials necklaces are available in 16" length with an smaller loop at 15" and 18" with an smaller loop at 17".
Our Essentials Bracelets measure 17cm in length with an smaller size loop at 15cm.
Our Essentials Rings are offered in size 6, 7, 8 and 9. We are more than happy to make smaller or larger sizes on request, please just email us here.
Petites Bracelets - We have a number of options for our bracelets for little girls - they're our top seller and little girls just love them! Our Beaded tassel bracelets have an adjustable sizing system and comfortably fit a little girl from aged 3 - 14. Girls 14 and upwards are recommended to fit our Adults collection however if they have small wrists they will still fit the Petites range. To measure a little girls wrist, please wrap a piece around their wrist with 2 fingers underneath. Mark the paper, and lay flat to measure with a ruler.
Our Petites Sideshow Sally Bracelets are adjustable in length and open up to 18cm in circumference. If you don't have a direct wrist to measure, this bracelet system is almost fail safe and accommodates almost all wrist sizes.
Our Petites Sunday Sandy Bracelets measure 12cm in length with 3 options of length within the clasp system.
Our La Luna Fiesta Bracelets measure 14cm in length/circumference and all have the abiloity to have any of our La Luna Rose charms added to them.
Our Solid silver bracelets for little Petites (To add charms onto) are available in 3 sizes. Baby 4.5cm in diameter (Recommended age 3-5), Small 5cm in diameter (Recommended age 6-10) and Medium 5.5cm diameter (Recommended age 10-15).
Our Petites Chain Bracelets measure 15cm in length with an smaller loop at 12.5cm. If you need larger, feel free to order an adults size.
Petites Rings - Our Petites range also offers rings for little girls. Please measure your childs finger first to ensure you are ordering the correct size. We would recommend a size 3.5 for girls 6-8 and a size 4.5 for girls 8-13 and a size 5-6 for 14-17year olds. However - every finger and body is different! Any questions, just send us and email here and we would be happy to help.
Petites Necklaces - Our La Luna Rose Fine Chain Necklace measure 15" in length with an extra size loop at 14". Our La Luna Fiesta Necklaces measure 34cm in length and all have the ability to have any of our La Luna Rose charms added to them.
If you require any other sizes for any of our items, please just let us know and we will see what we can whip up for you! You can contact us here.Save


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Wessels, Johnson Also Honored
NEW HAVEN, Conn. – Mollie Rogers, who had 31 kills and just seven errors in Yale's Ivy League title clinching sweep of Penn and Princeton, has been named the Ivy League Player of the Week.
Rogers had 16 kills in a four-set win over Penn and followed that up with 15 kills and a .316 hitting percentage as Yale swept Princeton to clinch the regular season crown. Both of her kill totals were match-highs.
Rogers is the third Bulldog to earn Player of the Week honors this season, joining Kendall Polan (Sept. 4, 25) and Haley Wessels (Sept. 11). In addition, Kelly Johnson has earned four Rookie of the Week selections.
Wessels, who had 21 kills and 10 blocks, and Johnson, who had 40 digs and 38 assists, were each named to the Ivy Honor Roll this week.
The Bulldogs close out the regular season with a pair of home matches this weekend, hosting Harvard on Friday at 7 p.m. and Dartmouth on Saturday at 5 p.m.
Report filed by Tim Bennett, Yale Sports Publicity


text: As you may have noticed - we had some down time today. The cause seems to be one of the vB plug-ins recently installed which was causing performance problems. In order to bring the site up again we disabled all plug-ins. As a result, the Chat Room and some other ad-ons are currently not working. We will further investigate tomorrow and hopefully be in a position to enable again all the plug-ins. Thanks for your understanding!


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SOCORRO, N.M. April 8, 2003 -- Elizabeth Rose Fernandez, a senior majoring in physics with an astrophysics option at New Mexico Tech, was named a 2002-2003 Macey Scholar at the state-supported research university. The honor included a $5,000 scholarship award.
Fernandez, the daughter of Joe and Rose Fernandez of Albuquerque, is a graduate of St. Pius X High School.
Last summer, Fernandez was chosen to participate in the National Science Foundation's prestigious Research Experiences for Undergraduates program and performed research for three months at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy.
Fernandez's other research experiences also include two summer internships at the Starfire Optical Range, developing and testing a GPS system used in observing pulsars, and a six-month stint operating and observing at Capilla Peak Observatory.
Fernandez, who has maintained a 3.9 grade-point-average (out of a possible 4.0) at New Mexico Tech, is a member of Sigma Pi Sigma, the national honor society for physics students, and also lists memberships in the American Astronomical Society and the American Physical Society.
She also is an active member of the New Mexico Tech Astronomy Club and the university's Ballroom Dance Club.
In addition to her studies and research activities, Fernandez also is the founder and past president of the New Mexico Tech Creative Writing Club and is an accomplished poet, having won the annual campus-wide poetry writing contest three times in the past four years.
"I have enjoyed my time at New Mexico Tech," Fernandez says. "The faculty at Tech are friendly, and I particularly like the small-school atmosphere of the university. . . . You get to develop very close friendships in the time you are here."
New Mexico Tech students named Macey Scholars are selected on the basis of their demonstrated academic accomplishments, both in the classroom and research laboratory, as well as their active participation in institutional service and co-curricular activities.
The Macey Scholars Program is funded by an endowment established by William B. and Jean M. Macey of Albuquerque and Tucson. William Macey graduated from the New Mexico School of Mines (as New Mexico Tech was known in its early years) in 1942, and also was awarded an honorary doctorate by Tech in 1984.


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The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (Coptic: Ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ̀ⲛⲣⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ̀ⲛⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲟⲥ ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.orthodoxos, literally: the Egyptian Orthodox Church) is the official name for the largest Christian church in Egypt. The Church belongs to the Oriental Orthodox family of churches, which has been a distinct church body since the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451, when it took a different position over Christological theology from that of the Eastern Orthodox and Western churches, then still in union. The precise differences in theology that caused the split are still disputed, highly technical and mainly concerned with the nature of Christ. The foundational roots of the Church are based in Egypt but it has a worldwide following. According to tradition the Coptic Orthodox Church is the Church of Alexandria which was established by Saint Mark the apostle and evangelist in the middle of the 1st century (approximately AD 42).[1] The head of the church and the See of Alexandria is the Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy See of Saint Mark, currently Pope Shenouda III. Around 95% of Egypt's Christians belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria,[2] though other churches also claim Patriarchates and Patriarchs of Alexandria; among them:
Egypt is identified in the Bible as the place of refuge that the Holy Family sought in its flight[3] from Judea: "When he arose, he took the young Child and His mother by night and departed for Egypt, and was there until the death of Herod the Great, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt I called My Son" (Matthew 2:12-23).
The Egyptian Church, which is now more than nineteen centuries old, regards itself as the subject of many prophecies in the Old Testament. Isaiah the prophet, in Chapter 19, Verse 19 says "In that day there will be an altar to the LORD in the midst of the land of Egypt, and a pillar to the LORD at its border."
The first Christians in Egypt were common people who spoke Egyptian Coptic [4], there were also Alexandrian Jews such as Theophilus,[citation needed] whom Saint Luke the Evangelist addresses in the introductory chapter of his gospel. When the church was founded by Saint Mark[5] during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero, a great multitude of native Egyptians (as opposed to Greeks or Jews) embraced the Christian faith.[4]
Christianity spread throughout Egypt within half a century of Saint Mark's arrival in Alexandria as is clear from the New Testament writings found in Bahnasa, in Middle Egypt, which date around the year AD 200, and a fragment of the Gospel of John, written in Coptic, which was found in Upper Egypt and can be dated to the first half of the second century. In the second century, Christianity began to spread to the rural areas, and scriptures were translated into the local language, namely Coptic.
The Catechetical School of Alexandria is the oldest catechetical school in the world. St. Jerome records that the Christian School of Alexandria was founded by St. Mark himself.[6] Around AD 190 under the leadership of the scholar Pantanaeus, the school of Alexandria became an important institution of religious learning, where students were taught by scholars such as Athenagoras, Clement, Didymus, and the native Egyptian Origen, who was considered the father of theology and who was also active in the field of commentary and comparative Biblical studies. Origen wrote over 6,000 commentaries of the Bible in addition to his famous Hexapla.
Many scholars such as Jerome visited the school of Alexandria to exchange ideas and to communicate directly with its scholars. The scope of this school was not limited to theological subjects; science, mathematics and humanities were also taught there. The question-and-answer method of commentary began there, and fifteen centuries before Braille, wood-carving techniques were in use there by blind scholars to read and write.
The Theological college of the catechetical school was re-established in 1893. The new school currently has campuses in Ireland, Cairo, New Jersey, and Los Angeles, where Coptic priests-to-be and other qualified men and women are taught among other subjects Christian theology, history, Coptic language and art - including chanting, music, iconography, and tapestry.
Many Egyptian Christians went to the desert during the 3rd century, and remained there to pray and work and dedicate their lives to seclusion and worship of God. This was the beginning of the monastic movement, which was organized by Anthony the Great, Saint Paul, the world's first anchorite, Saint Macarius the Great and Saint Pachomius the Cenobite in the 4th century.
Christian Monasticism was born in Egypt and was instrumental in the formation of the Coptic Orthodox Church character of submission, simplicity and humility, thanks to the teachings and writings of the Great Fathers of Egypt's Deserts. By the end of the fifth century, there were hundreds of monasteries, and thousands of cells and caves scattered throughout the Egyptian desert. A great number of these monasteries are still flourishing and have new vocations to this day.
All Christian monasticism stems, either directly or indirectly, from the Egyptian example: Saint Basil the Great Archbishop of Ceasaria of Cappadocia, founder and organizer of the monastic movement in Asia Minor, visited Egypt around AD 357 and his rule is followed by the Eastern Orthodox Churches; Saint Jerome who translated the Bible into Latin, came to Egypt, while en route to Jerusalem, around AD 400 and left details of his experiences in his letters; Benedict founded the Benedictine Order in the sixth century on the model of Saint Pachomius, but in a stricter form. Countless pilgrims have visited the "Desert Fathers" to emulate their spiritual, disciplined lives.
In the 4th century, an Alexandrian presbyter named Arius began a theological dispute about the nature of Christ that spread throughout the Christian world and is now known as Arianism (not to be confused with the racist Nazi ideology Aryanism). The Ecumenical Council of Nicea AD 325 was convened by Constantine under the presidency of Saint Hosius of Cordova and Saint Alexander of Alexandria to resolve the dispute and eventually led to the formulation of the Symbol of Faith, also known as the Nicene Creed. The Creed, which is now recited throughout the Christian world, was based largely on the teaching put forth by a man who eventually would become Saint Athanasius of Alexandria, the chief opponent of Arius.
In the year AD 381, Pope Timothy I of Alexandria presided over the second ecumenical council known as the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople, to judge Macedonious, who denied the Divinity of the Holy Spirit. This council completed the Nicene Creed with this confirmation of the divinity of the Holy Spirit:
Another theological dispute in the 5th century occurred over the teachings of Nestorius, the Patriarch of Constantinople who taught that God the Word was not hypostatically joined with human nature, but rather dwelt in the man Jesus. As a consequence of this, he denied the title "Mother of God" (Theotokos) to the Virgin Mary, declaring her instead to be "Mother of Christ" Christotokos.
When reports of this reached the Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark, Pope Saint Cyril I of Alexandria acted quickly to correct this breach with orthodoxy, requesting that Nestorius repent. When he would not, the Synod of Alexandria met in an emergency session and a unanimous agreement was reached. Pope Cyril I of Alexandria, supported by the entire See, sent a letter to Nestorius known as "The Third Epistle of Saint Cyril to Nestorius." This epistle drew heavily on the established Patristic Constitutions and contained the most famous article of Alexandrian Orthodoxy: "The Twelve Anathemas of Saint Cyril." In these anathemas, Cyril excommunicated anyone who followed the teachings of Nestorius. For example, "Anyone who dares to deny the Holy Virgin the title Theotokos is Anathema!" Nestorius however, still would not repent and so this led to the convening of the First Ecumenical Council of Ephesus (431), over which Cyril I of Alexandria presided.
The First Ecumenical Council of Ephesus confirmed the teachings of Saint Athanasius and confirmed the title of Mary as "Mother of God". It also clearly stated that anyone who separated Christ into two hypostases was anathema, as Athanasius had said that there is "One Nature and One Hypostasis for God the Word Incarnate" (Mia Physis tou Theou Loghou Sesarkomeni). Also, the introduction to the creed was formulated as follows:
When in AD 451, Emperor Marcianus attempted to heal divisions in the Church, the response of Pope Dioscorus – the Pope of Alexandria who was later exiled – was that the emperor should not intervene in the affairs of the Church. It was at Chalcedon that the emperor, through the Imperial delegates, enforced harsh disciplinary measures against Pope Dioscorus in response to his boldness.
The Council of Chalcedon, from the perspective of the Alexandrine Christology, has deviated from the approved Cyrillian terminology and declared that Christ was one hypostasis in two natures. However, in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed, "Christ was conceived of the Holy Spirit and of the Virgin Mary," thus the foundation of the definition according to the Non-Chalcedonian adherents, according to the Christology of Cyril of Alexandria is valid. There is a change in the Non-Chalcedonian definition here, as the Nicene creed clearly uses the terms "of", rather than "in".
In terms of Christology, the Oriental Orthodox (Non-Chalcedonians) understanding is that Christ is "One Nature--the Logos Incarnate," of the full humanity and full divinity. The Chalcedonians' understanding is that Christ is in two natures, full humanity and full divinity. Just as humans are of their mothers and fathers and not in their mothers and fathers, so too is the nature of Christ according to Oriental Orthodoxy. If Christ is in full humanity and in full divinity, then He is separate in two persons as the Nestorians teach.[7] This is the doctrinal perception that makes the apparent difference which separated the Oriental Orthodox from the Eastern Orthodox.
The Council's findings were rejected by many of the Christians on the fringes of the Byzantine Empire, including Egyptians, Syrians, Armenians, and others.
From that point onward, Alexandria would have two patriarchs: the non-Chalcedonian native Egyptian one, now known as the Coptic Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic See of St. Mark and the "Melkite" or Imperial Patriarch, now known as the Greek Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa.[8]
Almost the entire Egyptian population rejected the terms of the Council of Chalcedon and remained faithful to the native Egyptian Church (now known as the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria). Those who supported the Chalcedonian definition remained in communion with the other leading churches of Rome and Constantinople. The non-Chalcedonian party became what is today called the Oriental Orthodox Church.
The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria regards itself as having been misunderstood at the Council of Chalcedon. There was an opinion in the Church that viewed that perhaps the Council understood the Church of Alexandria correctly, but wanted to curtail the existing power of the Alexandrine Hierarch, especially after the events that happened several years before at Constantinople from Pope Theophilus of Alexandria towards Patriarch John Chrysostom and the unfortunate turnouts of the Second Council of Ephesus in AD 449, where Eutichus misled Pope Dioscorus and the Council in confessing the Orthodox Faith in writing and then renouncing it after the Council, which in turn, had upset Rome, especially that the Tome which was sent was not read during the Council sessions.
To make thing even worse, the Tome of Pope Leo of Rome was, according to the Alexandria School of Theology, particularly in regards to the definition of Christology, considered influenced by Nestorian heretical teachings. So, due to the above mentioned, especially in the consecutive sequences of events, the Hierarchs of Alexandria were considered holding too much of power from one hand, and on the other hand, due to the conflict of the Schools of Theology, an inpass was to be and there was a scape goat, i.e. Pope Dioscorus. The Tome of Leo has been widely accused (surprisingly by Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox scholars) in the past 50 years as a much less than perfect orthodox theological doctrine.
It is also to be noted that by anathemizing Pope Leo, because of the tone and content of his Tome, as per Alexandrine Theology perception, Pope Dioscorus was found guilty of doing so, without due process, in other words, the Tome of Leo was not a subject of heresy in the first place, but it was a question of questioning the reasons behind not having it either acknowledged or read at the Second Council of Ephesus in AD 449. Pope Dioscorus of Alexandria was never labeled as heretic by the council's canons.
Copts also believe that the Pope of Alexandria was forcibly prevented from attending the third congregation of the council from which he was ousted, apparently the result of a conspiracy tailored by the Roman delegates.[9]
Before the current positive era of Eastern and Oriental Orthodox dialogues, Chalcedonians sometimes used to call the non-Chalcedonians "monophysites", though the Coptic Orthodox Church in reality regards monophysitism as a heresy. The Chalcedonian doctrine in turn came to be known as "dyophysite".
A term that comes closer to Coptic Orthodoxy is miaphysite, which refers to a conjoined nature for Christ, both human and divine, united indivisibly in the Incarnate Logos. The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria believes that Christ is perfect in His divinity, and He is perfect in His humanity, but His divinity and His humanity were united in one nature called "the nature of the incarnate word", which was reiterated by Saint Cyril of Alexandria.
Copts, thus, believe in two natures "human" and "divine" that are united in one hypostasis "without mingling, without confusion, and without alteration". These two natures "did not separate for a moment or the twinkling of an eye" (Coptic Liturgy of Saint Basil of Caesarea).
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Copts suffered under the rule of the Byzantine Eastern Roman Empire. The Melkite Patriarchs, appointed by the emperors as both spiritual leaders and civil governors, massacred the Egyptian population whom they considered heretics. Many Egyptians were tortured and martyred to accept the terms of Chalcedon, but Egyptians remained loyal to the faith of their fathers and to the Cyrillian view of Christology. One of the most renowned Egyptian saints of that period is Saint Samuel the Confessor.
The Muslim conquest of Egypt took place in AD 639. Despite the political upheaval, the Egyptian population remained mainly Christian. However, the gradual conversions to Islam over the centuries changed Egypt from a Christian to a largely Muslim country by the end of the 12th century.[10]
This process was sped along by persecutions during and following the reign of the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (reigned AD 996–1021) and the Crusades, and also by the acceptance of Arabic as a liturgical language by the Pope of Alexandria Gabriel ibn-Turaik.[11]
During Islamic rule, the Copts were required to pay a special tax called the jizya. This tax was abolished in 1855 under the reign of Sa'id of Egypt of the house of Muhammad Ali. Copts were also prohibited from serving in the army under Islamic rule. This was also abolished during the era of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty.
The position of the Copts began to improve early in the 19th century under the stability and tolerance of Muhammad Ali's dynasty. The Coptic community ceased to be regarded by the state as an administrative unit and, by 1855, the main mark of Copts' inferiority, the Jizya tax, was lifted. Shortly thereafter, Christians started to serve in the Egyptian army. The 1919 revolution in Egypt, the first grassroots display of Egyptian identity in centuries, stands as a witness to the homogeneity of Egypt's modern society with both its Muslim and Christian components.
In 1959, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church was granted its own Patriarch by Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa Cyril VI.
The current Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy See of Saint Mark is Pope Shenouda III.
There are about 10 to 15 million Coptic Orthodox Christians in the world: they are found primarily in Egypt under the jurisdiction of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (roughly 8-15 million).[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] There are also significant numbers in the diaspora in countries such as the United States of America, Canada, Australia, France, Germany, and Sudan. The number of Coptic Orthodox Christians in the diaspora is roughly 4 million.[23] In addition, there are between 350,000 and 400,000 native African adherents in East, Central and South Africa. Although under the jurisdiction of the Coptic Orthodox Church, these adherents are not considered Copts, since they are not ethnic Egyptians. Some accounts regard members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (roughly 45 million),[24] the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church (roughly 2.5 million), as members of the Coptic Orthodox Church. This is however a misnomer, since both the Ethiopian and the Eritrean Churches, although daughter churches of the Church of Alexandria, are currently autocephalous churches. In 1959, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church was granted its first own Patriarch by Pope Cyril VI. Furthermore, the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahdo Church similarly became independent of the Ethiopian Tewahedo Church in 1994, when four bishops were consecrated by Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria to form the basis of a local Holy Synod of the Eritrean Church. In 1998, the Eritrean Church gained its autocephelacy from the Coptic Orthodox Church when its first Patriarch was enthroned by Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria.
These three churches remain in full communion with each other and with the other Oriental Orthodox churches. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church do acknowledge the Honorary Supremacy of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria, since the Church of Alexandria is technically their Mother Church. Upon their selection, both Patriarchs (Ethiopian & Eritrean) must receive the approval and communion from the Holy Synod of the Apostolic See of Alexandria before their enthronement.
In addition to the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria whose adherents make up around 90% of Egypt's total Christian population.[13][20] The country also includes Christian minorities that belong other Christian denominations, which are:
Since the 1980s theologians from the Oriental (Non-Chalcedonian) Orthodox and Eastern (Chalcedonian) Orthodox churches have been meeting in a bid to resolve theological differences, and have concluded that many of the differences are caused by the two groups using different terminology to describe the same thing (see Agreed Official Statements on Christology with the Eastern Orthodox Churches).
In the summer of 2001, the Coptic Orthodox and Greek Orthodox Patriarchates of Alexandria agreed[28] to mutually recognize baptisms performed in each other's churches, making re-baptisms unnecessary, and to recognize the sacrament of marriage as celebrated by the other. Previously, if a Coptic Orthodox and Greek Orthodox wanted to marry, the marriage had to be performed twice, once in each church, for it to be recognized by both. Now it can be done in only one church and be recognized by both.
According to Christian Tradition and Canon Law, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria only ordains men, and if they wish to be married, they must be married before they are ordained. In this respect they follow the same practices as does the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Traditionally, the Coptic language was used in church services, and the scriptures were written in the Coptic alphabet. However, due to the Arabisation of Egypt, service in churches started to witness increased use of Arabic, while preaching is done entirely in Arabic. Native languages are used, in conjunction with Coptic and Arabic, during services outside of Egypt.
Coptic Orthodox Christians celebrate Christmas on the 7th of January (Julian Calendar), which coincides with the 25th of December according to the Gregorian Calendar. The Coptic Orthodox Church uses the Julian Calendar as its Ecclesiastical Calendar. It is known as the Coptic calendar or the Alexandrian Calendar. This calendar is in turn based on the old Egyptian calendar of Ancient Egypt. The Coptic Orthodox Church is thus considered an Old Calendrist Church. Christmas according to the Coptic calendar was adopted as an official national holiday in Egypt since 2002.
There are several Coptic Orthodox churches and institutions in Egypt and abroad:
The Bishop of Alexandria was first known just as the Bishop of Alexandria. It continued to be so, until the Church grew within and all over the Egyptian Province, and many Bishops were consecrated for the newly founded parishes all over the towns and cities.
The Bishop of Alexandria, being the successor of the first Bishop in Egypt consecrated by Saint Mark, was honored by the other Bishops, as first among equals "Primus inter Pares,". This was in addition to the appropriate honorary dignity, which was due by virtue of being the Senior Bishop of the main Metropolis of the Province, Alexandria, which also the Capital and the main Port of the Province. This honor was bestowed by making the Senior Bishop an "Archbishop," thus presiding in dignity of honor over all the Alexandrine and Egyptian Bishops.
The appellation of "Pope" has been attributed to the Bishop of Alexandria since the Episcopate of Heraclas, the thirteenth Bishop of Alexandria. All the clergy of Alexandria and Lower Egypt honored him with the appellation "Papas," which means "Our Father," as the Senior and Elder Bishop among all bishops, within the Egyptian Province, who are under his jurisdiction. This is because Alexandria was the Capital of the Province, and the preaching center and the place of martyrdom of Saint Mark the Evangelist and Apostle.
The title "Patriarch" means the Head or the Leader of a Tribe or a Community. Ecclesiastically it means the Head of the Fathers (Bishops) and their congregation of faithful. This title is historically known as "Patriarch of Alexandria and all Africa on the Holy Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist," that is "of Alexandria and of all Africa." The title of "Patriarch" was first used around the time of the Third Ecumenical Council of Ephesus, convened in AD 431, and ratified at Chalcedon in AD 451.
It is to be noted that only the Patriarch of Alexandria has the double title of Pope and Patriarch among the Eastern Orthodox and the Oriental Orthodox Thrones.
Besides Egypt, the Church of Alexandria has jurisdiction over Pentapolis, Libya, Nubia, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea and all Africa.
Both the Patriarchate of Addis Ababa & all Ethiopia and the Patriarchate of Asmara & all Eritrea do acknowledge the supremacy of honor & dignity of the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria on the basis that both Patriarchates were established by the Throne of Alexandria and that they have their roots in the Apostolic Church of Alexandria, and acknowledge that Saint Mark the Apostle is the founder of their Churches through the heritage and Apostolic evangelization of the Fathers of Alexandria.
In other words, the Patriarchate of Addis Ababa & all Ethiopia and the Patriarchate of Asmara & all Eritrea are daughter Churches of the Holy Apostolic Patriarchate of Alexandria.
In addition to the above, the countries of Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, the Congo, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana, Botswana, Malawi, Angola, Namibia and South Africa are under the jurisdiction and the evangelization of the Throne of Alexandria. It is still expanding in the vast continent of Africa.
The Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria is headed by the Patriarch of Alexandria and the members are the Metropolitan Archbishops, Metropolitan Bishops, Diocesan Bishops, Patriarchal Exarchs, Missionary Bishops, Auxiliary Bishops, Suffragan Bishops, Assistant Bishops, Chorbishops and the Patriarchal Vicars for the Church of Alexandria.
For the list of the members of the Holy Synod and their official titles see main article The Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
Tower of a Coptic Church, Coptic Cairo, Egypt
Saint Mary Church, Masarra, Cairo, Egypt
Saint Mark Church, Bellaire, Texas, United States
Archangel Michael & Saint Mina Church, Great Kills, Staten Island, New York, United States
Saint Mina & Saint Cyril Church, Mississauga, Canada
Saint Mary & Saint Shenouda Church, Coulsdon, United Kingdom
Saint Mary, Saint Pakhom & Saint Shenouda Church, Kirrawee, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Saint Mary & Saint Mercurius Church, Rhodes, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Coptic Church, Dunedin, New Zealand
Monastery of Saint Anthony, Kröffelbach, Germany
Iconostasis and frescos from the Syrian Monastery, Scetes, Egypt
Iconostasis at Archangel Michael Cathedral, Aswan, Egypt
Coptic Iconostasis
6th century Rondel, wool on linen. Cooper Union
10th century tunic ornament, wool, tapestry weave. California Academy of Sciences
Coptic Capital. British Museum
|Autocephalous and Autonomous Churches of Oriental Orthodoxy
|Autocephalous Churches
|Alexandria | Antioch | Armenia | Eritrea | Ethiopia | India
|Autonomous Churches
|Alexandria: British Orthodox Church | French Orthodox Church
Antioch: Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church
Armenia: Catholicos of All Armenians | Cilicia | Constantinople | Jerusalem


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Alcohol alchemists showcase creativity with beer cocktails
You're probably familiar with the crudest form of the beer cocktail: Dropping a shot of Bailey's or — hork — Jagermeister into half a beer. It ain't classy, it ain't fun the next morning and it's not all that interesting for the pallet.
But in the hands of some of Denver's most skilled and thoughtful bartenders, the beer cocktail becomes both intriguing and sublime. Think a rich chocolate stout laced with tart cherry liqueur in a graham cracker crumb-rimmed snifter. Or absinthe's licorice intensity warming a glass of Russian imperial.
The concoctions dreamed up by Denver's alcohol alchemists showcase skill and creativity while offering a bridge to the cocktail fan distrustful of beer — or beer fans with the opposite hang up. Plus, they're trending. A blooming array of the new bar beverages have shown up in beer mags, at foodie events and competitions and on a new blog, BeerMixology.com, recently launched and completely dedicated to the subject.


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SAN JOSE, Calif. — Dead Team Skating.
That pretty much describes the Vancouver Canucks, who for the second straight year find themselves down 3-0 in a first-round playoff series.
The San Jose Sharks struck for three quick goals early in the third period Sunday night to beat the Canucks 5-2 before a raucous crowd at the HP Pavilion.
It was Stinko de Mayo on Cinco de Mayo for the Canucks, who were awful. The Sharks will try and complete a four-game sweep here on Tuesday night (7 p.m., TSN, Team 1040). Based on what happened here Sunday night, you have to like their chances.
Cory Schneider, after a two-week absence due to an undisclosed injury, started in goal for the Canucks. But he didn't finish the game.
Schneider was chased at 4:07 of the third when Logan Couture scored his second of the period. Earlier in the third, Couture and Patrick Marleau had scored goals nine seconds apart to blow the game open.
Schneider whiffed on a Couture shot from the top of the left circle at the 1:40 mark on a San Jose power play. That gave the Sharks a 3-1 lead. Marleau then wheeled into the Vancouver zone and put a shot between Schneider's legs.
Couture, on another San Jose power play, put another one between Schneider's legs and that was the end of the night for him. He was replaced by Roberto Luongo.
"I felt pretty good until the start of the third period," Schneider said. "I just didn't do enough, didn't keep my team in it, didn't give them a chance to win. I just let them down in a big way. It's a real disappointing feeling.
"They were working hard enough to tie that game and get a win. But when you give up a couple of goals like that it really doesn't do your teammates any favours."
Schneider needed some time to compose himself before he did his dressing room scrum with the media. And during that time, Luongo came over to whisper words of encouragement.
"It's not fun to have something like that happen." said Luongo, who speaks from experience. "But at the same time, we have to get ready for the next game."
The question now becomes, who starts Game 4.
"If I'm called upon, I'll be ready." Luongo said. "If not, Cory will be ready as well. It's his team and whatever happens I will be 100 per cent supportive. We just have to make sure when we come to the rink, starting tomorrow, we are 100 per cent dedicated to winning the hockey game, doing whatever it takes whether that is taking a punch in the face, blocking a shot with your teeth. If we have 20 guys ready to do that in the next game, I like our chances."
Spotty goaltending was only part of the story Sunday night. Vancouver, again, could not score enough goals.
The Canucks have scored 17 goals in their last 13 playoff games and have lost 11 of them. They have only scored five goals in the first three games of this series. Two of those came from defencemen.
"The third period wasn't characteristic of us at all," said Vancouver centre Ryan Kesler. "Especially with what was on the line. We have to focus, just focus on shift to shift and know you can be a determining factor. It doesn't matter if you play five minutes or 30 minutes. You can be a difference every shift. We have to move past this.
"We have to get 20 guys to work hard," Kesler said. "We have to out-will these guys all over the ice … I've got (to be) a lot better and I know everyone in this room has (to be) a lot better. Our backs are against the wall and we can either crumble or come back and come out swinging … I am not going down easy, that's for sure."
Joe Pavelski gave the Sharks a 2-0 lead with his second of the night at 7:20 of the second period when he got in front of Vancouver defenceman Kevin Bieksa and tipped in a shot from the right point by Tommy Wingels.
Pavelski could have had a hat trick at that point. Moments earlier, Schneider robbed him with a brilliant right pad save on a one-timer from the slot.
The Canucks' top line finally made a contribution to cut the San Jose lead in half. Henrik Sedin fed Alex Burrows a cross-ice pass off the rush and Burrows beat San Jose goalie Antti Niemi high to the stick side from the left circle at 11:07 of the second.
There was no faulting the Canucks' work ethic in the first period, but again there was no bottom line. The Sharks led 1-0 after 20 minutes on a Pavelski goal at 14:08 that came when San Jose was enjoying a 5-on-3 power play.
With Dale Weise off for roughing and Dan Hamhuis in the box for slashing, Joe Thornton, Marleau and Pavelski combined on a tic-tac-toe play that ended with Pavelski chipping the puck past Schneider.
Hamhuis made it 5-2 at 13:12 of the third when he beat Niemi high to the stick side from the left circle.
Coach Alain Vigneault juggled his forward lines, but nothing seems to work for a team that not so long ago was the highest scoring team in the NHL. He had Ryan Kesler between Chris Higgins and Jannik Hansen, while Derek Roy centred Zack Kassian and Mason Raymond. Max Lapierre dropped down to play with Tom Sestito and Dale Weise. Sestito replaced Andrew Ebbett in the Vancouver lineup.
"We were fine going into the third period," Vigneault said. "They had a power play we had to kill and we were almost there. Obviously I'm not happy with how we reacted after that."


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Take a Tour of BlackBerry App World
First, be sure your smartphones are ready to take advantage of BlackBerry App World. BlackBerry smartphones with a trackball or touch screen running Device Software v4.2 or higher can download software from BlackBerry App World. Note that the IT department still controls which applications can be downloaded to individual devices. Using BlackBerry® Enterprise Server IT Policies, you can choose which apps—if any—employees have access to. To learn more about controlling application downloads, click here.
BlackBerry® App World™ is your one-stop shop for BlackBerry® smartphone apps. At BlackBerry App World, you can search for, learn about, download, and rate a growing number of BlackBerry smartphone applications. In this issue of BlackBerry® Connection®, we take you on a tour of BlackBerry App World and feature some of the apps available right now.
From the main screen, you can view featured apps or begin your search.
Software on BlackBerry App World is organized by category.
By selecting an application you
can read an extended description of it.
PayPal is a secure online payment system that is free to use.
To access applications you'll need to download the BlackBerry App World application to your smartphone. You can do so directly from your BlackBerry smartphone by going to blackberry.com/appworld from your browser. Or visit the blackberryappworld.com website from your desktop to have a download link sent to your device. Once the download is complete, the site's icon will appear on your smartphone.
To get started, click on the icon to launch BlackBerry App World. From the home page you can find applications by selecting the Magnifier icon and then typing a name in the search bar; by selecting the Folder icon, you can browse for apps by category. BlackBerry App World includes software for both personal and business use in many categories, including music, finance, navigation, and travel.
To browse, just select a category and then scroll down to see your options. By selecting an application, you can view an expanded description as well as any user ratings. To download an app, select the Download button—you'll then be taken to the payment screen. Applications are purchased via PayPal®, a secure online payment system. To learn more about PayPal, click here.
Once you have entered your payment information, the download will begin.
You're now ready to use your new app. Once you've spent some time with it, you can write a review and rate it on BlackBerry App World, or email a link to friends who might also like it.
Featured Launch Apps
Turn your BlackBerry smartphone into a remote that can control your TiVo!
- Mobile Bartender
- People Mobile (U.S. only)
- Tonemaker (U.S. only)
Personal Health & Wellness
Select from more than 525,000 items to keep track of your caloric, fat, protein, and carbohydrate intake.
- AllSport GPS Free Trial
- ECG Guide
- Fast Food Calorie Counter
Boost your brain power with this brain-training program that covers memory, visual, logic and math skills; also included is a focus category that will help you improve your concentration.
- Age of Empires 3
- Platinum Sudoku
- Sid Meier's Pirates
Maps & Navigation
Recover your lost phone or let your friends and family know exactly where you are with this free GPS app.
- Goviko Navigator (U.S. only)
Music & Video
Slacker for BlackBerry smartphones lets you choose from dozens of professionally programmed stations-or create a personalized station that will focus on the music you love, for free. You can also side-load stations onto your BlackBerry smartphone, letting you listen to your favorite music when you're outside your service area. (U.S. Only)
- FlyCast
- iheartradio (U.S. only)
- Nobex Radio Companion
- Pandora (U.S. only)
News & Weather
Tell Viigo what you want to know and the app keeps itself up to date, so your information is available immediately, wherever you are and whenever you need it. Choose from such content categories as finance, sports and politics and localize information to suit your needs.
- AP News (U.S. only)
- The New York Times Politics News Notifier
- The Canadian Press Mobile
Professional & Business
All the business and finance information you need can now be delivered directly to your BlackBerry smartphone. Bloomberg Mobile offers news, stock quotes, company descriptions, information on market leaders and laggers, price charts, market trends analysis, and more. You can also create a customized list of stocks that you want to follow from markets around the world.
- The New York Times DealBook Notifier
- Salesforce Mobile
- TheStreet
WorldMate Live reduces the stress often involved in travel by making your trip details easily accessible. Your itinerary is automatically created and syncs between your BlackBerry smartphone, Microsoft® Outlook® and the WorldMate Live website. Receive flight alerts and reminders on your BlackBerry smartphone and search for alternate flights. With WorldMate Live, you can view your entire trip on a map, and you'll also have access to worldwide travel directories, five-day weather forecasts, currency converters, and much more.
- HRS Hotel Organizer
- Lonely Planet Phrasebooks
- Travel Genius
Six Things You Should Know
What happens if I delete an application I've purchased?
You can re-download the app without having to pay again. For full details, download the BlackBerry App World FAQ (see below).
Where are downloaded applications stored?
Downloaded/installed applications exist in two locations. Within the application storefront client, you can access all downloaded applications from your My World folder. On your BlackBerry smartphone, applications will be downloaded to the Downloads folder.
Which currencies are supported?
At launch, the U.S. dollar (USD), Canadian dollar (CDN), British pounds (GBP) and the Euro (EUR) will be supported. If the region you live in does not use one of these, application prices will be listed in one of these four currencies. Pending PayPal is supported within the given country, account deductions will be converted into the native currency.
Can I buy any app listed?
Some applications are only available in specific regions or are dependent on service support from your wireless carrier. BlackBerry App World has been configured so that as best possible you will only see apps available for your service and region. For example, Pandora, Slacker and iheartradio are available only in the United States.
What if I run out of space on my device and want to download more applications?
The number of applications you can have installed at one time is based on your smartphone, the software you have already installed and the size of those applications.
Within the application storefront is the My World folder, which lists all the applications you have downloaded, whether installed or not. From this folder you can reinstall applications you have uninstalled, allowing you to store and retrieve applications you have downloaded.
Will IT departments have control of the BlackBerry application storefront?
IT departments will be able to manage and control the application storefront in two ways:
1) Enable/Disable Application Storefront Client Application is used to limit the user from accessing the application storefront client. Users will still be able to download the client onto their devices; however, they will receive an error message when they attempt to access the storefront.
2) Allow Third-Party Application Install is used to control the download of third-party applications.
* Offers subject to change without notice. Please check offer details for more information. Void where prohibited. Check with service provider for availability, roaming arrangements and service plans. Certain features outlined in this document require a minimum version of BlackBerry Enterprise Server software, BlackBerry Desktop Software, BlackBerry Device Software and/or BlackBerry devices and may require additional development or third party products and/or services for access to corporate applications. Prior to subscribing to or implementing any third party products and services, it is your responsibility to ensure that the airtime service provider you are working with has agreed to support all of the features of the third party products and services. Installation and use of third party products and services with Research In Motion's ("RIM") products and services may require one or more patent, trademark or copyright licenses in order to avoid infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. You are solely responsible for determining whether such third party licenses are required and are responsible for acquiring any such licenses. To the extent that such intellectual property licenses may be required, RIM expressly recommends that you do not install or use these products and services until all such applicable licenses have been acquired by you or on your behalf. Your use of third party software shall be governed by and subject to you agreeing to the terms of separate software licenses, if any, for those products or services. Any third party products or services that are provided with RIM products and services are provided "as is." RIM makes no representation, warranty or guarantee whatsoever in relation to the third party products or services and RIM assumes no liability whatsoever in relation to the third party products and services, even if RIM has been advised of the possibility of such damages or can anticipate such damages.
The above information regarding third party products and services is provided in BlackBerry Connection for your information. Since third parties provide the information to Research In Motion Limited ("RIM") and RIM relies on the information without performing any independent investigations, RIM makes no warranty or guarantee concerning the features, reliability, or pricing of the third party products or services, or their compatibility with any RIM products.
© 2009 Research In Motion Limited. All Rights Reserved. BlackBerry®, RIM®, Research In Motion®, SureType®, SurePress™ and related trademarks, names and logos are the property of Research In Motion Limited and are registered and/or used in the U.S. and countries around the world.


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The DVD Is Dying. Hollywood's Plan? Do Nothing And Cede Ground To File Sharing
from the there's-no-business-like-no-business deptDavid Pogue, NY Times columnist and known copyright infringer, has a new post up over at the Scientific American discussing piracy; more specifically, Hollywood's insistence on driving people to piracy with its lack of digital offerings and a distribution system that depends heavily on artificial limitations.
The first issue plaguing Hollywood's thinking? The DVD is dead and no one in control has realized it. The future lies in streaming movies, not plastic discs. It took the recording industry several years to realize the fact that its customers were not nearly as attached to its physical products as it was. Add to that the fact that many people prize convenience over ownership and it's clear that trying to steer people toward purchasing all of their entertainment isn't the way to go.
Netflix's CEO says, "We expect DVD subscribers to decline steadily every quarter, forever." The latest laptops don't even come with DVD slots. So where are film enthusiasts suppose to rent their flicks? Online, of course.The demand is already there and, as the technology catches up, it will only increase. You can take your music anywhere but most DVDs are still relegated to DVD players. Yes, there are workarounds, but when consumers are looking for the least amount of friction, streaming a movie easily trumps burning off a copy or ripping it to the hard drive. If they can't get the films they want in the format they want, they'll either skip it entirely, find a "competing" provider or look for something else readily available through streaming services.
Streaming movies offers instant gratification: no waiting, no driving—plus great portability: you can watch on gadgets too small for a DVD drive, like phones, tablets and superthin laptops.
Streaming services or online rentals, if implemented correctly, would give the motion picture industry some steady, if not increasing income well into the future. But it's completely disinterested in implementing these services in a realistic fashion, instead choosing to double-up on artificial scarcity.
For all of the apparent convenience of renting a movie via the Web, there are a surprising number of drawbacks. For example, when you rent the digital version, you often have only 24 hours to finish watching it, which makes no sense. Do these companies really expect us to rent the same movie again tomorrow night if we can't finish it tonight? In the DVD days, a Blockbuster rental was three days. Why should online rentals be any different?Yeah. Exactly. Why? Why 24 hours? Netflix, your main competition in this arena, will let you keep the DVD(s) all the way up until they actually shut down the DVD service, only this time for real. As for their streaming "rentals?" Whatever's available stays available for repeated viewings all the way up until it's yanked from the lineup, usually by one of you (points accusingly at the Motion Picture Industry).
Speaking of holes in the lineup, when are you (again with the pointing) going to stop doing this sort of thing?
[P]erhaps most important, there's the availability problem. New movies aren't available online until months after they are finished in the theaters, thanks to the "windowing" system—a long-established obligation that makes each movie available, say, first to hotels, then to pay-per-view systems, then to HBO and, only after that, to you for online rental.How's that "plan" working out for you, Hollywood? Keeping those pirates at bay with your sometime/later/still later/possibly never windowing? To be honest, I don't think you really care. Once all the distribution lines have been wrung dry of any cash, it's time to retire back to the boardroom and blame filesharing for any numbers that seem slightly weak. Blame them if you must, but who's screwing who at this point?
Worse, some movies never become available. Star Wars, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Jurassic Park, A Beautiful Mind, Bridget Jones's Diary, Saving Private Ryan, Meet the Fockers, and so on, are not available to rent from the major online distributors.
Of the 10 most pirated movies of 2011, guess how many of them are available to rent online, as I write this in midsummer 2012? Zero. That's right: Hollywood is actually encouraging the very practice they claim to be fighting (with new laws, for example).Look, I don't want to tell you how to do your jobs, but sweet something of somewhere, someone needs to be offering a little guidance. You don't offer rentals of movies people actually want. You do offer rentals of movies that everyone's sick of after their multiple appearances in various windows. Other movies you just flat out don't offer at all. And yet, it's piracy that's keeping you from "breaking even." I would assume someone has put a bit a thought into this self-inflicted predicament. Pogue finds something akin to an explanation browsing around Disney's website:
"Unfortunately, it is not possible to release or have all our titles in the market at once." Oh, okay. So they're not available because they're not available."Not possible" being PR code for "not until we're absolutely forced to, but we will fight this every step of the way." But why all the fighting? It didn't work for the recording industry. It won't work for the movie industry. The television industry seems to have weathered the disruption slightly better, but still expends a lot of effort locking up currently running shows and shutting down live streams that would actually GAIN them additional viewers to sell to advertisers.
Pogue has appended a list entitled "5 Ways Hollywood Can Stop Digging Its Own Grave" to his post and they're all common sense (at least to the "layperson"). The largest Hollywood-wielded shovel should have disappeared long ago: the release window. Related: "When it's buyable, it should be rentable."
This is the way things work these days and it's not just something that went into effect over the last 72 hours. If pirates have your stuff several months before you're planning on releasing it to paying customers, how many paying customers do you expect to have left once you deign them worthy of throwing money at your product?
Final word from Pogue:
Listen up, Hollywood: Nobody ever went out of business offering a good product for sale at a reasonable price with an eye toward pleasing the customer. You should try it some time.


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Dierks Bentley Holds to the Things That Matter in 'I Hold On' Music Video
Even though Dierks Bentley has seen success most can't imagine, he's still holding true to the things that matter, and he brings a visual element to his commitments in his 'I Hold On' video.
The autobiographical song, written by Bentley and Brett James, has emotional, insightful lyrics that help shape the elements of the video. Although the clip often flashes to footage of the singer and his band singing in a big, empty warehouse, the focus is on a handsome musician who portrays Bentley, working hard to make it big.
As the video proceeds, it provides a visual element of Bentley's own musical journey. It catapults from unloading his gear (including a dented and scratched guitar) and playing in bars where no one pays attention, to a snazzy recording studio, to a fast-paced tour, complete with a gleaming tour bus. He goes from no fans to crowds of thousands -- and from a plain old buttoned shirt to a perfectly curated wardrobe.
Although fame and fortune can often breed entitlement, you don't get the sense that the musician (or Bentley) will succumb to its power. After all, his anthem is that he's holding on to things he can count on.
Along the way, he meets the love of his life, and although she seems worried about his newfound fame, he tells her one thing: he's holding on. The life of a superstar has its own temptations and distractions, but the 'I Hold On' video shows that what's really important in life is exactly what Bentley sings about: "To the things, I believe in / My faith, your love, our freedom / To the things I can count on/To keep me going strong / Yeah I hold on, I hold on."
Bentley said that he really wanted the video to capture his story. "The lyrics were written from such a real and emotional place, and I put a lot of pressure on making sure this video held up to what Brett James and I wrote that day," he explains. "I hope when people listen to it, they raise their beers up, but this time for the bigger idea of what we all stand for as country music fans…faith, love and freedom."
There will be plenty of beers raised in agreement with this clip. By the end, we know that no matter what, Bentley's going to stay grounded -- just like the video portrays.


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Mount Jefferson Wilderness
Area ManagementThe Mount Jefferson Wilderness is part of the 111 million acre National Wilderness Preservation System. This System of lands provides clean air, water, and habitat critical for rare and endangered plants and animals. In wilderness, you can enjoy challenging recreational activities like hiking, backpacking, climbing, kayaking, canoeing, rafting, horse packing, bird watching, stargazing, and extraordinary opportunities for solitude. You play an important role in helping to "secure for the American people of present and future generations the benefits of an enduring resource of wilderness" as called for by the Congress of the United States through the Wilderness Act of 1964. Please follow the requirements outlined below and use Leave No Trace techniques when visiting the Mount Jefferson Wilderness to ensure protection of this unique area.
General Wilderness ProhibitionsMotorized equipment and equipment used for mechanical transport is generally prohibited on all federal lands designated as wilderness. This includes the use of motor vehicles, motorboats, motorized equipment, bicycles, hang gliders, wagons, carts, portage wheels, and the landing of aircraft including helicopters, unless provided for in specific legislation.
In a few areas some exceptions allowing the use of motorized equipment or mechanical transport are described in the special regulations in effect for a specific area. Contact the Forest Service office or visit the websites listed for more specific information.
These general prohibitions have been implemented for all national forest wildernesses in order to implement the provisions of the Wilderness Act of 1964. The Wilderness Act requires management of human-caused impacts and protection of the area's wilderness character to insure that it is "unimpaired for the future use and enjoyment as wilderness." Use of the equipment listed as prohibited in wilderness is inconsistent with the provision in the Wilderness Act which mandates opportunities for solitude or primitive recreation and that wilderness is a place that is in contrast with areas where people and their works are dominant.


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Wikimedia Polska
Wikimedia Polska Association is an independent non-profit organisation serving as a Wikimedia chapter and covering the area of Poland. It was created during the 2005 Wikimedia Meetup on 14 August 2005 in Kraków and has been officially registered as a membership-based association since 15 November that year; it was the fourth Wikimedia chapter to be recognised by the Wikimedia Foundation.
According to the Bylaws, the purpose of the Association is to equate everyone's chances to access knowledge, both general and specific in the fields of science, culture, education and art as well as to promote and organise volunteering and charity.
Every Polish citizen over the age of 16 as well as foreign residents of Poland may become regular members of the Association, provided that they have been active contributors to any of the Wikimedia projects, have filled a membership form, were accepted by the Board and have paid the annual membership fee which is currently set at a minimum of PLN 1.00 (USD 0.5).
Corporate bodies may become supporting members of the Association but they are not allowed voting rights.
As of May 21, 2018, Wikimedia Polska had 128 regular members.
Wikimedia Polska is supported primarily by voluntary donations from the general public. It has been recognised by Polish authorities as a public benefit organization since 28 March 2007 and it has been therefore possible for individuals to donate 1% of their income tax to the Association.
The Board of the Association is responsible for the day-to-day running of the chapter and is elected by the regular members at the Annual General Assembly.
According to the Bylaws of the Association, the Board consists of seven members at maximum, including the President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and up to three other members. All of the current members of the Board were elected for a two-year term in 2016 during the Annual General Assembly on 4 June 2016 in Lublin (six being re-elected).
The following members are currently serving on the Board:
- President of the Board: Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)
- Vicepresident of the Board: Małgorzata Wilk (Maire)
- Vicepresident of the Board: Paweł Marynowski (Yarl)
- Vicepresident of the Board: Piotr Gackowski (PMG)
- Treasurer: Marek Stelmasik (Masti)
- Secretary: Wojciech Pędzich
- Jacek Fink-Finowicki (Phinek)
The current term of the Board ends in 2020.
Programmes and projects[edit]
WMPL runs a number of programmes, including Wikigranty (a popular microgrants programme - current budget to be consulted here), Wikiekspedycje ("Wikiexpeditions", a series of photographic expeditions to remote regions of Poland) and Wiki Lubi Zabytki (a highly successful Polish edition of Wiki Loves Monuments, including the competition on the national level as well as accompanying exhibitions and other events). See more in detailed reports.
Wikimedia Poland has organized a number of national and local events. Its main multi-day conference is pl Konferencja Wikimedia Polska, which is organized every year by a local committee and where general assemblies of WMPL are held.
Other events are thematic meetings like GDJ workshops or OpenGLAM, Wikipedia birthdays and one-day meetings like Wikimarathons/WOWs (Warsaw Open Wikimeetings).
- zarzadwikimedia.pl
- #wikimedia-pl on Freenode (irc.freenode.net)
- Mailing list
- WikimediaPL-l, a moderated and private mailing list
- Postal address
- Stowarzyszenie Wikimedia Polska
- ul. Tuwima 95 pok. 15
- 90-031 Łódź
- Poland
More: Events - Konferencja Wikimedia Polska and further pages.
- Wikimedia Polska/Gap and Risk analysis - strategic document [essay, to be further elaborated] - version 1.0 May 2018


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Find accommodations in Melvindale with the hotel list provided below. Search for cheap and discounted hotel and motel rates in or near Melvindale, MI for your upcoming personal or group travel. Explore the most favored Melvindale, Michigan motel and hotel rooms. Browse the Melvindale area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Melvindale hotels. Planning a group? Lock in Melvindale Group Hotel Discounts
The Melvindale center point is about 1 mile east of Detroit Science Center and 1 mile west of Henry Ford Museum.
How should we direct your call?


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If one tries to fix them will the laser do anything to one's refractive powers (ie lower order aberrations)?
Is there a rule of thumb number wise on what is considered to high for higher order aberrations or is it just what the person sees?
Could they become worse overtime (more starbursting, etc)?


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Stinger is a quick and installation-free standalone tool for detecting and removing prevalent malware and threats, ideal if your PC is already infected. While not a replacement for full fledged antivirus software, Stinger is updated multiple times a week to include detection for newer Fake Alert variants and prevalent viruses.
New Detections:
• Trojan-CoinStealer
Enhanced Detections:
• Exploit-CVE2017-8759.m
• Exploit-RTF
• Generic Packed.iso
• Generic Trojan.iso
• Trojan-PWS.d