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Living and Training in Harmony
Jane Killion
Wednesday, February 08, 2017
How Long is TOO Long to Leave Fido Alone?
How Long is Too Long to Leave A Dog Alone? How much isolation a dog can and should endure are two different things. How much time does your dog spend home alone? Is your dog experiencing isolation distress? Laura: Dogs are social/pack animals. They love nothing more than being in their pet parent's company. But we gotta eat to live, so that means going to work! Some folks that are either retired or work from home have much less of an issue with leaving their precious pooch unattended for hours
How to Manage Your Resource-Guarding Dog
Improve the behavior – and emotional response – of dogs who guard resources from other dogs. I recently found my arm on the wrong side of an aggressive dog being overly protective of his owner. I was at a Meet-N-Greet with a prospective new client. This dog and his sweet sister met me at the door with their mom. He attacked when I reached down to point out a treat that was on the floor in front of his sister. Unfortunately, his pet parent had unwittingly set us both up for failure and me to
How YOU can Speak Dog, too!
How You Can Speak Dog Too - From Whole Dog Journal Humans are a verbal species. While dogs are capable of some vocal communication, English is a second language for them. Their first is body talk—body language they use to say exactly what they want and how they feel. If only we humans were half as good at reading their signals as they are at reading ours, there would be a lot less miscommunication. Truth is, most "misbehaviors" are the result of human misunderstanding. Communicating with your
Why is My Dog So Rude???
Why is My Dog So Rude? Laura says: Getting your beloved doggie to ALWAYS look to YOU for the next action on his/her part is something you want to train anyway. This simple behavior can save a world of grief for you and your dog if you find yourselves in a sticky or dangerous situation. Knowing that your pooch will NOT automatically react to something but instead look to his adored pet parent whenever the cue is given, is a very, very good thing and one every pet owner should master! Now, on to
8 Early Warning Signs of Canine Cancer that Dog Owners Can't Ignore
8 Early Warning Signs of Canine Cancer that Dog Owners Can't Ignore From Laura: Currently, I am assisting one of my regular clients with hospice care for her 15 yr. old pup whom her vets think has Lymphoma. The doggie is not in pain and still has some fairly good quality of life. But . . it is only a matter of time . . . this is so heartbreaking for all concerned. I thought it important to post this article in my blog in hopes of averting a health crisis like the one my client is
What Does Nutrition Have to Do with Separation Anxiety?
What Does Nutrition Have to Do with Separation Anxiety? Excerpted from Nicole Wilde's Don't Leave Me! Step-by-Step Help for Your Dog's Separation Anxiety Laura: Let me just say that I have been a pet food advocate for years. I feed my own pups and kitty the best food that I can afford. If diet is crucial to the health and well-being of us humans, it is absolutely paramount to the health, well-being and long life of our 4-legged friends. By-products, artificial ingredients and chemicals have
Is YOUR Dog on This List?
Is Your Breed On This List? Take EXTRA Care With Their Teeth… It Could Save Their Life! by Justin Palmeron The thought of our dogs silently suffering from a easily preventable illness is absolutely heartbreaking. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, as many as 4 out of 5 dogs over the age of 3 are suffering from a disease that is not only painful, but outright deadly. What are we talking about? Canine periodontal disease. Unfortunately periodontal disease is more than just a
How to Fade the Use of Your Treats During Training
When to reward Excerpted from the book, Chill Out Fido! by Nan Kené Arthur Once your dog knows a behavior well, and can perform it in many locations and with many distractions, you can fade the use of your marker signal and rewards. In other words, you don't need to click and treat every time your dog sits for you. However, it's also important to pay off every now and then to keep your dog in the game and gambling. "This time might be the time the reward happens, so I'm going to keep doing
Building Off-Leash Reliability
In Texas where I live, as well as in many other states, there are leash laws. Aside from the legalities, it just makes good common sense to keep the family pooch in situations where your dog is in the dog park or out on the farm or ranch, etc. This is not intended for walking the family pet in the neighborhood! It IS good to have perfect recall on leash whenever he is out of the house or his own yard. I say this simply as a preamble to the following info in my blog. The article below is most
dog training
dog aggression
separation anxiety
canine health
aggressiveness on leash
crate training
behavior problems
learning new skills
barking at other dogs
dog crates
train every day
better dog walking experience
dog hates crate
gentle approach
training is easy
distracted on the walk
dog kennels
how to train my dog
training made easy
hate walking the dog
pack leader
training your dog
misbehaving during the walk
how to use a crate for your dog
well-behaved dogs
rude behavior
to crate or not to crate
working for the reward
afraid dogs
when to crate
dog safety
canine nutrition
dog language
dogs off-leash
causes of separation anxiety
fearful dogs
dogs romping
dog health
how to communicate with dogs
dogs running free
food and separation anxiety
how to speak dog language
leash laws
how to speak like a dog
how to talk to dogs
when to allow your dog off-leash
cancer in dogs
tips on how to approach strange dogs
food as rewards
canine cancer
high value rewards
dog jobs
does my dog have cancer?
high value treats
dog walking
signs of cancer
should i reward my dog? should i use treats
exercise dogs
good behavior dogs
using food to reward behavior
good health dogs
resource guarding
using treats as rewards
mental stimulation dogs
weaning dogs off treats as rewards
physical stimulation dogs
destructive behavior
when to not use treats as rewards
tired dogs
dogs alone
when to reward a dog
dog advice
dogs left alone too long
bad dog breath
dog stressors
how long is it ok to leave the dog alone?
dog tips
leaving the dog home alone
dog care
working pet parents
dogs and dental care
dog-friendly environments
periodontal disease in dogs
dogs in public
teeth cleaning
dogs under stress


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According to a study by Stanford University researchers, about a fourth of the United States experiences winds powerful enough to generate electricity as cheaply as natural gas or coal-fired plants. However, the study, which measured wind speeds at turbines mounted 262 ft above ground, also says "the unexploited electric power potential from winds in the U.S., especially the Southeast and Gulf coasts, appears enormous."
"There are practical issues to overcome like placing transmission capacity in the right locations and determining what is involved in developing offshore resources from a technical standpoint and at what coast," says Tom Gray, deputy executive director of the American Wind Energy Association trade group.
The researchers collected and worked with data from the year 2000 at 1,327 surface wind stations and 87 soundings, or profiles of wind speeds at different heights. Wind speeds were fast enough at 24% of the measurement stations to generate electricity at a direct cost equal to a power plant fueled by coal or natural gas.
The study also discovered that North Carolina, Louisiana, and Texas had fast winds at coastal and offshore sites, and overall, 37% of U.S. shoreline and offshore locations packed strong winds. The states of Oklahoma, South Dakota, North Dakota, Kansas, and Nebraska topped the list of states with the most powerful winds.
Wind power accounts for less than 1% of the nation's energy supply, while coal and natural gas together generate about two thirds of the electricity.

subset: commoncrawl


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Printing with Windows 10 mobile
You can directly print documents or images from your Windows 10 Mobile device, to your HP printer.
- Make sure that the HP Envy 5543 printer and your Windows 10 Mobile device are connected to the same wired (Ethernet) or wireless network.
- Go to Wi-Fi settings on your Windows 10 Mobile device, and connect it to your wired or wireless network.
- Open the document or an app like email, which has the file you want to print.
- Click on the Printicon .
- After the above step, a print preview screen appears in which you can select your printer and change any print settings, if necessary.
- Once the necessary changes are made, click on Print.
- It also gives you options like number of copies, color of the print, paper size, paper range and orientation.
If the print job isn't printed then, it could be due to one of the following reasons;
- Poor or no network available
- Power saving mode is ON
- Printer is OFF
To cancel a print job:
To cancel or check the status of a print job follow the steps below,
- Go to print queue on your Windows 10 mobile by tapping the Print icon.
- Swipe down the display, the current print jobs are displayed.
- Select the print job that you want to cancel, and then tap Cancel.
HP Envy 5543 e- all-in-one Printer Windows 10
Follow the simple steps given below to resolve the print issue that comes up after upgrading your computer to Windows 10.
Restart your printer and computer after upgrading.
Restarting the computer loads all the drivers and latest updates correctly.
Step 1: Make sure all the Windows updates are installed properly:
As part of the Windows 10 upgrade process, software updates are provided to your computer and its connected devices. If the software update failed to install, then your printer might not work properly.
To ensure that all updates are properly installed on your computer, follow the steps given below,
- Go to Windows Update section on your Windows 10 computer, by searching for it in the Windows search.
- On the Windows update page, if the updates are available, then download and install it to your computer, by clicking the Install button as shown in the image given below.
- After performing the above steps, you should be able to print, but if you still face any issues, or if the updates are not available on your Windows OS then, continue to the next step.
Step 2: Run the HP Print and Scan Doctor :
- HP Print and Scan Doctor is a free diagnostic tool from HP which helps resolve issues with printing and scanning.
- The latest version of HP Print and Scan Doctor can be downloaded from here.
- After downloading the tool, install it onto your computer and perform a quick scan.
- The tool performs several troubleshooting tasks and tries to fix the issues of your printer.
Step 3: Set your HP printer as default :
If you are connected to a network of many printers then, you must ensure that your HP printer is the default printer. To confirm that, follow the steps given below,
- On your Windows search, type devices and select Devices and Printers from the list of search results as shown in the image given below.
- On Devices and Printers, if your HP printer icon doesn't have a green check mark then, right click on your HP printer and tap, set as default printer as shown in the image given below.
- The green check mark indicates that the printer is the default one.
Step 4: Uninstall the HP Envy 5543 driver and software
If the above steps don't work then, try uninstalling the HP print driver and software from your computer.
- Disconnect any USB cable which is connected to the computer from the HP printer
- Go to Uninstall or change a program on your computer, and then check for HP printer in it.
- Click your HP printer's name from the list of programs, and then click Uninstall or Yes.
- Complete the uninstalling process by following the on-screen instructions.
- Restart the computer, after uninstalling the HP driver and software.
Step 5: Reinstall the HP Envy 5543 driver and software
- Once the above steps are done, install the latest version of the HP driver and software either by downloading it from 123.hp.com, or from the HP driver installation CD-ROM.
- The latest version of the full feature software comes with updates and fixes, which ensure the smooth functioning of your HP printer.
- After installing the latest version of the HP driver and software, try restarting your computer and the HP printer. This will ensure the driver loads properly onto your system.
- After completing the above steps, open a document and try taking a print with your HP printer.


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Posted on Mar 19, 2015
Spring Fun for Seniors and In Home Help for the Elderly
It may seem hard to believe that winter is finally drawing to a close. This has been a particularly difficult winter for much of the country. Most people are eager to leave their home which has had them cooped up for a few months and enjoy the spring sunshine. There are many ways to enjoy the warmer spring weather and definitely some spring fun for seniors!
If the weather has finally started to act more spring-like, perhaps a stroll around a local park and pond to feed the ducks would be a great way to spend a nice afternoon. Walking can be done at any pace, so it is an ageless activity. If mobility issues are an issue for your elderly loved one, simply eating lunch outdoors will feel very refreshing after such a long winter. Remember to dress in layers as the mornings can be chillier than later in the afternoon. Better to have extra clothing than not enough.
Some spring fun for seniors also includes gardening. There's something so therapeutic about digging up the earth to plant a seed and later watch it grow. Visiting the plant to regularly water it also create a daily ritual that brings your elderly loved one outdoors. If leaving your loved one's home is not an option, there are many windowsill gardens that thrive indoors and would be a lovely addition to their kitchen.
If your elderly loved one would prefer some spring fun indoors due to mobility issues, or if the weather simply is not cooperating, make the afternoon a time for baking and sharing meals together. Sharing a meal with those you love is good for you, fun, and provides important social connection for your elderly loved one. This is important to emotional health, which is as important as staying physically and mentally fit. Spend the day baking some pretty cupcakes frosted with pink and yellow for a spring appearance. They will surely bring smiles to your faces and are a delicious way to welcome spring!
Another fun ritual to mark the beginning of spring is to look for four leaf clovers in a field of grass. The clover symbolizes spring and a four leaf clover represents love, faith, hope and the fourth leaf is for luck. This can be spring fun for seniors and children alike.
If you would like to learn more about caring and consistent in home care for the elderly and the many benefits of professional senior care or dementia and Alzheimer's care, call Senior Helpers of Burnsville to speak to a senior care specialist today 952-892-8403! The compassionate senior care specialists at Senior Helpers can also guide you through the process of receiving the Veterans Administration Aid and Attendance Benefit if your elderly loved one is a veteran. In home senior care allows your loved one to stay in the comforts of their own home for as long as possible while receiving the level of care they need. Senior Helpers of Burnsville provides a wide range of services including Alzheimer's and dementia care, personal assistance, companionship, and so much more to all areas of Burnsville, West St. Paul, South St. Paul, St. Paul, Apple Valley, Eagan, Lakeville, Minnesota.


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It was a time of giants in New York. Mario Cuomo was Governor. Ed Koch was mayor. Neither, I think, will be remembered for giant breakthroughs in governance, although Koch did help bring the city back to solvency. No, they'll be remembered for their gigantic, totally NooYawk personalities.
I was a political columnist for New York magazine in those days, which put me in both of their paths. My relationship with Cuomo–still happily alive and thriving–was more intimate, "father and son," his son Andrew once described it, by which I guess he meant that we fought a lot (but always affectionately). Cuomo was exceptionally candid, especially about his own doubts and flaws. We both came from Queens. I loved the guy, even though we disagreed on a lot of issues; still do.
You didn't get that close to Ed Koch, though. You watched him perform, and what a sight it was…and it never stopped, until Ed did, yesterday. I remember the day that Koch had a stroke–a trivial stroke, it was described ("It wasn't trivial to me," he said)–and he was rushed to Lenox Hill Hospital. Not far behind him was City Council President Andrew Stein, who would be next in the line of succession. Stein raced into Koch's hospital room, then raced downstairs to speak to the waiting press. "The mayor is fine," Stein said. "He's just speaking a little more slowly than usual."
The Mayor heard this on the radio–he was umbilically connected to the all-news stations–and sent his press secretary, George Arzt, down to edit Stein's pronouncement a bit. "The Council President is correct," Arzt said. "The mayor was speaking more slowly than usual, but he always speaks more slowly than usual when he's speaking to Andrew Stein."
This led me to write that Koch's problem wasn't the stroke, but his perpetual malady: Wisenheimer's Syndrome. How else do you describe a man who, when about to launch a campaign for governor in 1982, described those upstate as simple country folk who would drive "20 miles to buy a gingham dress or a Sears Roebuck suit." His act didn't travel beyond the five boroughs…and the city's unofficial sixth borough: the State of Israel, where he was beloved, too.
Koch was an important political avatar, one of the first Democratic politicians to resist the intellectually flaccid urban liberalism of the period–the notion that criminals were "victims," that you couldn't talk about the disintegration of the black family because you were "blaming the victim," that you couldn't tell the truth about the racialist hucksters of the period, like Al Sharpton, who to this day hasn't apologized for the disorder he caused by exploiting phony grievances like Tawana Brawley's whopper that she was raped and covered in excrement by an upstate district attorney.
But Koch didn't go the extra mile. He certainly wasn't a policy wonk. The culture of poverty had its roots in welfare and educational systems that encouraged passivity and irresponsibility; Koch never really had the patience or gumption to challenge them as Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan–a giant in style and substance, also roaming the avenues in the 1980s–did. Koch's attempts to fight crime weren't nearly as sophisticated as those of Rudy Giuliani, who really cleaned up the city after the brief, disastrous reign of David Dinkins.
He was a lot more fun than Giuliani, though. And relentless. I remember an interview we had at City Hall, where I nailed him on some long forgotten issue–and he just…couldn't…let…that…rest. So he called my office, and was told I wasn't there. And then he called my wife, who told him I was at my parents' house…and then he called my parents, who were thrilled to hear from the Mayor, who brusquely said, "I've got to talk to your neurotic son." And, to my parents' horror, the Mayor and I proceeded to have a full-blooded, epithet-laden, uh, New York conversation on the phone.
I don't think Ed Koch was ever happier than when he was arguing–except for when he was going to the movies, or eating Chinese with his pals, or making a mad attempt to dance to the sitar music at the Indian Day Parade. He was from my part of the jungle. I can think of no greater tribute than that the 59th Street Bridge–an iconic New York structure–has been named after Edward Irving Koch. He was an iconic New York structure, too, a joy and a privilege to watch. He will be missed.
To check out TIME's photo gallery tribute to Ed Koch, click here.


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Sunday, 1 January 2012
Happy 2012!!
Freezing rain overnight - treacherous to go out - sooooo - we aren't. We take this as a divine sign that we must stay inside this first day of 2012, drinking coffee and hot chocolate and reading by the fire. Or watching movies and football. Oh, God - when will the decisions end???
We hope you're having a great day too.
We went out for dinner and a meeting last night (friends of Bill) - the perfect way to end the year and begin the new one. We spent much of the evening talking with our friends about gratitude, and the power of perception. Home early - but relaxed and ended up staying up to midnight. 12:01, actually. Saw the ball drop in Times Square, then turned out the lights and were 'bagging Zs' as my brothers used to say.
And today? Well, as I say, just a whole lot of nothing. Have been working toward this for years. Two months of tranquility. No plane ticket in my purse (well, one to London in march, but that's a long way off). No place we need to go. only places we want to go and people we choose to see. for instance, breakfast tomorrow with my great friend Cheryl - who I miss so much, and now finally have relaxed time to spend together.
I know you know how wonderful this feels. I suspect most people yearn for this too - time for ourselves. What is the TV network that talks about ;'Time well Wasted.' That's what I hope January will be.
But I do want to tell you that having you as company makes everything so much more fun. Thank you!!
I hope 2012 is all you hope for, and more. That is it filled with health and laughter, with joy and peace. Good company - and perhaps even, some good books. But mostly, I wish for you what you wish for yourself.
Michael sends warm embraces, as do I. Happy New Year!!!
16 comments:
- Cornflower said...
A very happy new year to you from us here in Scotland!
- 1 January 2012 at 09:26
Happy New Year, Dear Louise and Michael -- and Trudy. I just read your January Newsletter and was overwhelmed by it. You used to say that you did not think of yourself as being particularly "religious", but you certainly are deeply "spiritual", as this newsletter testifies. I was very uplifted after having read it. Thank you for starting my New Year off on this wonderful note.
- 1 January 2012 at 10:02
- Caro said...
Today, I am staying inside and I am reading your book (Bury your Dead), wishing that I could be reading it in Quebec City, drinking a café au lait at Le Temporel! Have a happy New Year and thanks for your wonderful novels!
- 1 January 2012 at 10:13
- Daryl Edelstein said...
I just finished Bury Your Dead, I loved it. I think its the best so far ... so interesting to learn about Champlain and now I want more than ever to visit Quebec City! Happy New Year, a lazy day here as well, my husband however it busy watching football...
- 1 January 2012 at 10:37
- DebC said...
Happy New Year!!
Today I am writing and reading and walking dogs, which is as perfect a day as one could ask for.
I hope your relaxing January is as lovely as it sounds.
- 1 January 2012 at 10:49
- lil Gluckstern said...
Happiest of New Year's, although 2011 will be hard to top. Enjoy your home, your husband, and Trudy. I'm already looking forward to Beautiful Mystery. If it is as beautiful as "Trick" I will find it very moving. Your January letter was very touching. Do you have a special cabinet for all your awards? I'm thinking of all that dusting :)
- 1 January 2012 at 11:43
- Track Potato Lady said...
A very happy new year to you and yours as well as much continued success in 2012! Cannot wait for the new book! We had a quiet evening last night. We watched two great films over the weekend-Of Gods and Men and In a Better World. Both were inspiring and gave us great pause for thought and gratitude. We also watched the fabulous OldTimers' Hockey Game with our beloved Flyers winning the game, and are eager for tomorrow to see the outdoor game against the Rangers-Go Flyers! And the Eagles went out on a good note today. A great weekend, and all the best to everyone on the site as well.
- 1 January 2012 at 14:19
- danielle-momo said...
Coming back from Montreal where I began the year with family:peaceful and enjoyable.
Read the newsletter.The quotation about "the art of ending" reminded me that it was the last blog at Lipstick Chronicles today.I'm sad about this because I was following it since you recommended it here and enjoyed posts and comments almost every day.
Such a joy to still have your blog.
Lil, I'll be very pleased to continue to hear from you here because,like you, I'm a fan of Louise as a person and as a writer.
Happy New Year!
- 1 January 2012 at 15:31
- Ann from Boston said...
Happy New Year to you and to Michael. I look forward to your next book, "The Beautiful Mystery." Can hardly wait.
Thank you for bringing me so many hours of happiness reading your books (and newsletter and blog). It was a lucky day when "The Cruelest Month" jumped off the library shelf into my hands.
- 1 January 2012 at 16:46
I have bought and read all of the books through "Bury Your Dead" and have enjoyed them greatly. My daughter in Bloomington, IN. is now reading them and she feels likewise. After she is finished I give them to the Bellarmine U. library here in Louisville KY for others to enjoy (when they are not studying!)
The deep moral and philosophical human nature encounters that Monsieur Gamache and others, like Clara, encounter are thought provoking and make me look into my own nagging Irish conscience.
Thanks for the ride, Louise, and I'm looking forward to our next adventure.
PS, I must say the Three Pines characters sure do eat well!
- 2 January 2012 at 04:12
Happy New Year from California. Very different weather than you are experiencing for sure! My oldest friend called me this morning to thank me for telling her about your books ;) She's dealing with tragic family issues, and says your books have been her anchor. We spent quite some time talking about the characters and story lines as tho they are friends and places we've been. You are so gracious about the kudos you receive and well deserve it. We wish you continued success with your wonderful series. Thank you
- 2 January 2012 at 14:12
Happy New Year 2012, happiness and health and inspiration...to keep writing so great stories. Shefford mountain does not look like a winter wonderland with the rain we had...looking forward September and the beautiful mystery - Silverdunes
- 2 January 2012 at 15:25
- BeaverDamsel said...
...........Just listened to the podccast and, such memories you brought back. Of the Coelacanth and that amazing day when I first heard about it on the CBC. So long ago. Then I found the book. Thanks for the memory and Happy New Year to you and yours.
- 2 January 2012 at 15:55
- Marianne said...
Hello Louise, Thank you for your creativity and depth. I found you a few months ago and am now reading 'A trick of the light'. I am an artist in transition and by reading these books I have received clarification, inspiration and heart felt glimmers of what can be (in art, in relationship and Love.) Thank you and know that you are touching many...
- 4 January 2012 at 16:03
- Famille Gerdel said...
Bonjour Louise,
Une bien belle année 2012 remplie que de belles surprises! ♥
Anne - Ville de Québec
- 4 January 2012 at 19:02
- luce said...
Bonjour Louise,
Je vous souhaite une merveilleuse année 2012 à vous et à tout votre entourage.(Michael)
Aussi je suis à terminer pour la première fois de ma vie la lecture d'un roman en anglais A Trick of the light.
Il est fascinant et malgré que j'ai seulement lu les 3 premiers traduits en français je peux malgré tout suivre et comprendre les principales intrigues de mon héros Gamache.
Merci pour votre intérêt envers vos lecteurs. Nous sommes privilégiés d'avoir un contact avec vous. Vous êtes devenue un membre de la famille...
Au plaisir et encore plein de merveilleuses surprises pour 2012 !
- 5 January 2012 at 08:26


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Do Warm Fluids Help Weight Loss?
I`ve recently read an article on the water/ drinks we have with meals.
It says that drinking warm water with meals will help with weight loss. Drinking cold drinks pass through our system, they solidify the fats from the foods we have just eaten or are eating at present. This makes the body find it harder to digest and disperse the unwanted fats from our body. However, if we simply swap our cold drinks for a warm drink (warm water/ coffee/tea/herbals) the warm fluids help the fats in our foods to remain fluid and so easing the digestive system and helping the fats pass through our body (and reduce risk of clogged arteries) I just wanted to know how accurate all this is. So do you think drinking warm fluids will help me lose weight (along with eating healthy food and excercise of course!). Please advise and thanks!
Water is needed for health. About 60% of an adult's body weight is made up of water. Fluids are required to maintain our blood volume and body temprature; to lubricate our joints; to carry nutrients to our cells; to carry waste products away from our cells; to act as a solvent throughout our bodies.
To maintain optimal health, we need 2 to 3 liters of total fluid per day (this is equal to 8 to 12 cups per day). Total fluid intake includes fluid from beverages and food. At least 20% of our fluid intake comes from food, depending on the types of food. For example, fruits and vegetables contain a large amount of water. Physical activity, environmental temperature and humidity also affect our fluid needs.
For persons interested in losing weight, water is an excellent choice of beverages because it contains no calories. Also, drinking water before meals and between meals helps to fill the stomach and may create a feeling of fullness which in turn, may help to control calorie intake. In regard to the temperature of the water, there is no scientific evidence or physiological basis to support the idea that the temperature of the water influences the digestion of nutrients. Although water is not a "magic pill" for weight loss, it is an important part of any healthy diet.
For more information:
Go to the Diet and Nutrition health topic.


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If you have a procedure with ten parameters, you probably missed some. —Alan Perlis
Subroutines are one of the two primary problem-decomposition tools available in Perl, modules being the other. They provide a convenient and familiar way to break a large task down into pieces that are small enough to understand, concise enough to implement, focused enough to test, and simple enough to debug.
In effect, subroutines allow programmers to extend the Perl language, creating useful new behaviours with sensible names. Having written a subroutine, you can immediately forget about its internals, and focus solely on the abstracted process or function it implements.
So the extensive use of subroutines helps to make a program more modular, which in turn makes it more robust and maintainable. Subroutines also make it possible to structure the actions of programs hierarchically, at increasingly high levels of abstraction, which improves the readability of the resulting code.
That's the theory, at least. In practice, there are plenty of ways that using subroutines can make code less robust, buggier, less concise, slower, and harder to understand. The guidelines in this chapter focus on avoiding those outcomes.
Call Syntax
Call subroutines with parentheses but without a leading &.
It's possible to call a subroutine without parentheses, if it has already been declared in the current namespace:
sub coerce;
# and later…
my $expected_count = coerce $input, $INTEGER, $ROUND_ZERO;
But that approach can quickly become much harder to understand:
fix my $gaze, upon each %suspect;
More importantly, leaving off the parentheses on subroutines makes them harder to distinguish from builtins, and therefore increases the mental search space when the reader is confronted with either type of construct. Your code will be easier to read and understand if the subroutines always use parentheses and the built-in functions always don't:
my $expected_count = coerce($input, $INTEGER, $ROUND_ZERO);
fix(my $gaze, upon(each %suspect));
Some programmers still prefer to call a subroutine using the ancient Perl 4 syntax, with an ampersand before the subroutine name:
&coerce($input, $INTEGER, $ROUND_ZERO);
&fix(my $gaze, &upon(each %suspect));
Perl 5 does support that syntax, but nowadays it's unnecessarily cluttered. Barewords is forbidden under use strict , so there are far fewer situations in which a subroutine call has to be disambiguated.
On the other hand, the ampersand itself is visually ambiguous; it can also signify a bitwise AND operator, depending on context. And context can be extremely subtle:
$curr_pos = tell &get_mask(); # means: tell(get_mask() )
$curr_time = time &get_mask(); # means: time() & get_mask( )
Prefixing with & can also lead to other subtle (but radical) differences in behaviour:
sub fix {
my (@args) = @_ ? @_ : $_; # Default to fixing $_ if no args provided
# Fix each argument by grammatically transforming it and then printing it…
for my $arg (@args) {
$arg =~ s/A the b/some/xms;
$arg =~ s/e z/es/xms;
print $arg;
# and later…
&fix('the race'); # Works as expected, prints: 'some races'
for ('the gaze', 'the adhesive') {
&fix; # Doesn't work as expected: looks like it should fix($_),
# but actually means fix(@_), using this scope's @_!
# See the 'perlsub' manpage for details
All in all, it's clearer, less ambiguous, and less error-prone to reserve the &subname syntax for taking references to named subroutines:
set_error_handler( &log_error );
Just use parentheses to indicate a subroutine call:
coerce($input, $INTEGER, $ROUND_ZERO);
fix( my $gaze, upon(each %suspect) );
$curr_pos = tell get_mask();
$curr_time = time & get_mask();
And always use the parentheses when calling a subroutine, even when the subroutine takes no arguments (like get_mask()). That way it's immediately obvious that you intend a subroutine call:
curr_obj()->update($status); # Call curr_obj() to get an object,
# then call the update()method on that object
and not a typename:
curr_obj->update($status) ; # Maybe the same (if currobj() already declared),
# otherwise call update() on class 'curr_obj'
{mospagebreak title=Homonyms}
Don't give subroutines the same names as built-in functions.
If you declare a subroutine with the same name as a built-in function, subsequent invocations of that name will still call the builtin…except when occasionally they don't. For example:
sub lock {
my ($file) = @_;
return flock $file, LOCK_SH;
sub link {
my ($text, $url) = @_;
return qq{$text};
lock($file); # Calls 'lock' subroutine; built-in 'lock' hidden
print link($text, $text_url); # Calls built-in 'link'; 'link' subroutine hidden
Perl considers some of its builtins (like link ) to be "more built-in" than others (like lock ), and chooses accordingly whether to call your subroutine of the same name. If the builtin is "strongly built-in", an ambiguous call will invoke it, in preference to any subroutine of the same name. On the other hand, if the builtin is "weakly built-in", an ambiguous call will invoke the subroutine of the same name instead.
Even if these subroutines did always work as expected, it's simply too hard to main tain code where the program-specific subroutines and the language's keywords overlap:
sub crypt { return "You're in the tomb of @_n" }
sub map { return "You have found a map of @_n" }
sub chop { return "You have chopped @_n" }
sub close { return "The @_ is now closedn" }
sub hex { return "A hex has been cast on @_n" }
print crypt( qw( Vlad Tsepes ) ); # Subroutine or builtin?
for my $reward (qw( treasure danger) ) {
print map($reward, 'in', $location); # Subroutine or builtin?
print hex('the Demon'); # Subroutine or builtin?
print chop('the Demon'); # Subroutine or builtin?
There is an inexhaustible supply of subroutine names available; names that are more descriptive and unambiguous. Use them:
sub in_crypt { return "You're in the tomb of @_n" }
sub find_map { return "You have found a map of @_n" }
sub chop_at { return "You have chopped @_n" }
sub close_the { return "The @_ is now closedn" }
sub hex_upon { return "A hex has been cast on @_n" }
print in_crypt( qw( Vlad Tsepes ) );
for my $reward (qw( treasure danger )) {
print find_map($reward, 'in', $location);
print hex_upon('the Demon');
print chop_at('the Demon');
{mospagebreak title=Argument Lists}
Always unpack @_ first.
Subroutines always receive their arguments in the @_ array. But accessing them via $_[0], $_[1], etc. directly is almost always a Very Bad Idea. For a start, it makes the code far less self-documenting:
Readonly my $SPACE => q{ };
# Pad a string with whitespace…
sub padded {
# Compute the left and right indents required…
my $gap = $_[1] – length $_[0] ;
my $left = $_[2] ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
# Insert that many spaces fore and aft…
return $SPACE x $left
. $_[0]
. $SPACE x $right;
Using "numbered parameters" like this makes it difficult to determine what each argument is used for, whether they're being used in the correct order, and whether the computation they're used in is algorithmically sane. Compare the previous ver sion to this one:
sub padded {
my ($text, $cols_count, $want_centering) = @_;
# Compute the left and right indents required…
my $gap = $cols_count – length $text;
my $left = $want_centering ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
# Insert that many spaces fore and aft…
return $SPACE x $left
. $text
. $SPACE x $right;
Here the first line unpacks the argument array to give each parameter a sensible name. In the process, that assignment also documents the expected order and intended purpose of each parameter. The sensible parameter names also make it easier to verify that the computation of $left and $right is correct.
A mistake when using numbered parameters:
my $gap = $_[1] – length $_[2] ;
my $left = $_[0] ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
is much harder to identify than when named variables are in the wrong places:
my $gap = $cols_count – length $want_centering;
my $left = $text ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
Moreover, it's easy to forget that each element of @_ is an alias for the original argument; that changing $_[0] changes the variable containing that argument:
# Trim some text and put a "box" around it…
sub boxed {
$_[0] =~ s{A s+ | s+ z}{}gxms;
return "[$_[0]]";
Unpacking the argument list creates a copy, so it's far less likely that the original arguments will be inadvertently modified:# Trim some text and put a "box" around it…
sub boxed {
my ($text) = @_;
$text =~ s{A s+ | s+ z}{}gxms;
return "[$text]";
It's acceptable to unpack the argument list using a single list assignment as the first line of the subroutine:
sub padded {
my ($text, $cols_count, $want_centering) = @_;
# [Use parameters here, as before]
Alternatively, you can use a series of separate shift calls as the subroutine's first "paragraph":
sub padded {
my $text = shift;
my $cols_count = shift;
my $want_centering = shift;
# [Use parameters here, as before]
The list-assignment version is more concise, and it keeps the parameters together in a horizontal list, which enhances readability, provided that the number of parameters is small.
The shift -based version is preferable, though, whenever one or more arguments has to be sanity-checked or needs to be documented with a trailing comment:
sub padded {
my $text = _check_non_empty(shift);
my $cols_count = _limit_to_positive(shift);
my $want_centering = shift;
# [Use parameters here, as before]
Note the use of utility subroutines (see "Utility Subroutines" in Chapter 3) to perform the necessary argument verification and adjustment. Each such subroutine acts like a filter: it expects a single argument, checks it, and returns the argument value if the test succeeds. If the test fails, the verification subroutine may either return a default value instead, or call croak() to throw an exception (see Chapter 13). Because of that second possibility, verification subroutines should be defined in the same package as the subroutines whose arguments they are checking.
This approach to argument verification produces very readable code, and scales well as the tests become more onerous. But it may be too expensive to use within small, frequently called subroutines, in which case the arguments should be unpacked in a list assignment and then tested directly:
sub padded {
my ($text, $cols_count, $want_centering) = @_;
croak q{Can't pad undefined text} if !defined $text;
croak qq{Can't pad to $cols_count columns} if $cols_count <= 0;
# [Use parameters here, as before]
The only circumstances in which leaving a subroutine's arguments in @_ is appropriate is when the subroutine:
- Is short and simple
- Clearly doesn't modify its arguments in any way
- Only refers to its arguments collectively (i.e., doesn't index @_ )
- Refers to @_ only a small number of times (preferably once)
- Needs to be efficient
This is usually the case only in "wrapper" subroutines:
# Implement the Perl 6 print+newline function…
sub say {
return print @_, "n";
# and later…
say( 'Hello world!' );
say( 'Greetings to you, people of Earth!' );
In this example, copying the contents of @_ to a lexical variable and then immediately passing those contents to print would be wasteful.
{mospagebreak title=Named Arguments}
Use a hash of named arguments for any subroutine that has more than three parameters.
Better still, use named arguments for any subroutine that is ever likely to have more than three parameters.
Named arguments replace the need to remember an ordering (which humans are comparatively poor at) with the need to remember names (which humans are relatively good at). Names are especially advantageous when a subroutine has many optional arguments—such as flags or configuration switches—only a few of which may be needed for any particular invocation.
Named arguments should always be passed to a subroutine inside a single hash, like so:
sub padded {
my ($arg_ref) = @_;
my $gap = $arg_ref->{cols} – length $arg_ref->{text};
my $left = $arg_ref->{centered} ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
return $arg_ref->{filler} x $left
. $arg_ref->{text}
. $arg_ref->{filler} x $right;
for my $line (@lines) {
$line = padded({ text=>$line, cols=>20, centered=>1, filler=>$SPACE });
As tempting as it may be, don't pass them as a list of raw name/value pairs:
sub padded {
my %arg = @_;
my $gap = $arg{cols} – length $arg{text};
my $left = $arg{centered} ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
return $arg{filler} x $left
. $arg{text}
. $arg{filler} x $right;
# and then…
for my $line (@lines) {
$line = padded( text=>$line, cols=>20, centered=>1, filler=>$SPACE );
Requiring the named arguments to be specified inside a hash ensures that any mis match, such as:
$line = padded({text=>$line, cols=>20..21, centered=>1, filler=>$SPACE});
will be reported (usually at compile time) in the caller's context:
Odd number of elements in anonymous hash at demo.pl line 42
Passing those arguments as raw pairs:
$line = padded(text=>$line, cols=>20..21, centered=>1, filler=>$SPACE);
would cause the exception to be thrown at run time, and from the line inside the subroutine where the odd number of arguments were unpacked and assigned to a hash:
Odd number of elements in hash assignment at Text/Manip.pm line 1876
It is okay to mix positional and named arguments, if there are always one or two main arguments to the subroutine (e.g., the string that padded() is supposed to pad) and the remaining arguments are merely configuration options of some kind. In any case, when there are both positional arguments and named options, the unnamed positionals should come first, followed by a single reference to a hash containing the named options. For example:
sub padded {
my ($text, $arg_ref) = @_;
my $gap = $arg_ref->{cols} – length $text;
my $left = $arg_ref->{centered} ? int($gap/2) : 0;
my $right = $gap – $left;
return $arg_ref->{filler} x $left . $text . $arg_ref->{filler} x $right;
for my $line (@lines) {
$line = padded( $line, {cols=>20, centered=>1, filler=>$SPACE} );
Note that using this approach also has a slight advantage in maintainability: it sets the options more clearly apart from the main positional argument.
By the way, you or your team might feel that three is not the most appropriate threshold for deciding to use named arguments, but try to avoid significantly larger values of "three". Most of the advantages of named arguments will be lost if you still have to plough through five or six positional arguments first.
Please check back next week for the continuation of this article.


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Airport Address
Airport Name: Bengaluru International Airport
IATA Code: BLR
Address: 118, Gayathri Lakefront, Outer Ring Road, Hebbal, Bengaluru - 560017 (Karnataka)
Country: India
GMT Offset: +5:30 hours
Latitude: 13°11′56″N
Longitude: 077°42′20″E
Tel: +91 (80) 6678 2425 Fax: +91 (80) 6678 3366
24 hrs General Enquiry & Flight Enquiry - +91 (80) 66782251 / 2255
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
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Airport Address
Indira Gandhi International Airport,Domestic terminal,Terminal 1-B,New Delhi-110 037,ENQUIRIES PHONE NUMBER: (91) 11 25661080, FLIGHT INFORMATION NO: (91) 11 25601000 (DOM)/ (91) 11 25602000 (INT)
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Airlines connecting to Bangalore
Airline Links
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Table of Contents
Alternative Modalities
> Prayer, distant healing
Prayer, distant healing
Also listed as:
Faith healing, Distant healing
Related terms
Related Terms
Absent healing, attitudinal healing, Ayurvedic healing, centering prayer, compassion and healing, compassionate intention, distant healing, divining, entanglement theory, external qi gong, faith healing, healing belief, holographic consciousness, human energy fields, imagery, intentionality, intercessory prayer (IP), Kahuna healing, meditation, mental healing, mind beyond body, Native American faith healing, noetic therapy, psychic healing, qigong, quantum healing, quantum mechanics, Reiki, religion, remote healing, remote prayer, search for God, spiritual healing, spirituality, state-dependent learning, Sufi healing.
Prayer can be defined as a "reverent petition," the act of asking for something while aiming to connect with God or another object of worship. Prayer on behalf of the ill or dying has played a prominent role throughout history and across cultures.
Prayer is found in many forms. It may be practiced by individuals or organized groups within the framework of an organized religion or without ascribing to a particular faith or belief system. Prayers can focus on a specific desired outcome or be undirected without an objective in mind.
Individuals may pray on behalf of themselves, or for others. "Intercessory prayer" refers to prayers said by individuals or groups on behalf of a person who is ill or in need. Intercessors (those praying on behalf of the ill) sometimes have specific objectives in mind when they pray or they can appeal for the general well-being or improvement of a patient's health. Prayers said by intercessors may or may not be known to the ill individual. Intercessory prayers may be performed from a distance or in the presence of patients and in some cases will involve the laying on of hands.
Most clergy members receive training in pastoral care from their respective institutions. Certified chaplains and pastoral counselors are trained to address the spiritual and emotional needs of physically and mentally ill patients and their families or loved ones.
There are several theories as to how prayer might be beneficial during illness, including both scientific and metaphysical explanations.
It has been suggested that patients who pray for themselves or are aware that others are praying for them may develop stronger coping skills and decreased anxiety, thereby potentially improving health outcomes. Other theories include beneficial effects of prayer or "positive thinking" on the immune system, central nervous system (brain), or endocrine (hormonal) system. The meditative, relaxing aspects of prayer have been suggested to have beneficial effects such as lowering blood pressure. There are no plausible scientific explanations for the possible effects of intercessory prayers said without the knowledge of patients.
Metaphysical explanations and beliefs often underlie the practice of prayer. Prayers may be rooted in a belief in the power of a superior being or God who can influence health.
Studies on the effects of intercessory prayer on health outcomes report variable results, with some research finding benefits and other trials noting no effects. Most research in this area is not well designed or reported. There are several difficulties with studies of prayer that make it difficult to form firm conclusions: there are many different types of prayer and religious orientations; intercessors do not always know the identity of patients in studies and therefore prayers are often non-specific; it is challenging to design a study with "placebo" prayer; and there is not widespread agreement on how to best measure outcomes.
Evidence Table
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
There are several studies of intercessory prayer on behalf of patients in intensive care units with severe heart disease or infections. Although some research reports promising results, most trials have not been well designed or reported. As a result, a firm conclusion is not possible.
Limited study of prayer in patients with AIDS reports fewer new AIDS-related illnesses and hospitalizations, although due to methodological problems these results cannot be considered conclusive.
Initial research reports no effects of intercessory prayer on alcohol or drug dependency. Better research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Prayer has been studied in patients with anxiety but results are mixed.
Initial study reports no effects of intercessory prayer on blood pressure. Better research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Limited research in burn patients reports improved outcomes when prayer is used, although due to methodological problems these results cannot be considered conclusive.
Initial studies in patients with cancer (such as leukemia) report variable effects on disease progression or death rates when intercessory prayer is used. Better quality research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
In one well-designed clinical trial, intercessory prayer had no effect on complication-free recovery from coronary artery bypass surgery. Interestingly, patients that knew they were receiving intercessory prayer (as opposed to those who did not know) were associated with a higher incidence of complications. More study is needed to confirm these results.
There is not enough scientific evidence to make a firm recommendation about prayer for chronic pain.
Prayer appears to be a significant "softening" event for religious couples, facilitating reconciliation and problem-solving based on one study.
Early study suggests psychiatric inpatients might benefit from anonymous distant healing intention.
The potential effect of intercessory prayer on pregnancy rates in women being treated with
in vitro
fertilization-embryo transfer has been studied. Preliminary results seem positive, but further research is necessary.
Initial studies in patients with heart disease report variable effects on the severity of illness, complications during hospitalization, procedure outcome, or death rates when intercessory prayer is used. Better quality research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
There are numerous studies on the effects of intercessory prayer (praying on behalf of patients) on illness severity, death, and well-being of patients or loved ones. Results are variable with some studies reporting benefits of prayer on severity or length of illness and others suggesting no effects. Most research has not been well designed or reported and as a result, a firm conclusion is not possible. Additional research is needed in this area with clear descriptions of prayer techniques and well-defined health outcomes.
Several studies in which patients knew that prayers were being said on their behalf report benefits, although it is not clear that prayer is superior to other forms of compassionate interaction.
Prayer may help reduce the length of hospital stay as well as the duration of fever in patients with infections. However, early study is controversial and additional study is needed before a conclusion can be drawn.
Preliminary research shows positive trends associated with prayer and spirituality in patients with end stage renal disease who are coping after kidney transplant. Further research is needed before conclusions can be drawn.
Initial studies report fewer birth complications in people who are religious or pray, although due to methodological problems, these results cannot be considered conclusive.
Preliminary study suggests that older adults who participate in private religious activity before the onset of impairment in activities of daily living appear to have a survival advantage over those who do not. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
Forty-eight percent of the homeless women in one study reported that the use of prayer significantly related to less use of alcohol and/or street drugs, fewer perceived worries, and fewer depressive symptoms. Further research is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn in this area.
Limited study reports improved quality of life in patients who desire others to pray for them and receive healing. Better quality research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Initial research suggests that in-person intercessory prayer (praying by others in the presence of patients) may reduce pain, fatigue, tenderness, swelling, and weakness when it is used in addition to standard care. Better quality research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Prayer has been studied as a coping mechanism for patients with sickle cell disease with mixed results.
There is some research that suggests that religiously active persons may be less likely to smoke cigarettes or, if they do smoke, may be likely to smoke fewer cigarettes.
Prayer has not been shown to help prevent or treat diabetes or related health issues. Diabetes should be treated by a qualified healthcare professional using proven therapies.
Early study suggests that distant healing by experienced healers may have no effect in removal or size of skin warts.
* Key to grades
: Strong scientific evidence for this use
: Good scientific evidence for this use
: Unclear scientific evidence for this use
: Fair scientific evidence for this use (it may not work)
: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likley does not work)
Tradition / Theory
The below uses are based on tradition, scientific theories, or limited research. They often have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. There may be other proposed uses that are not listed below.
Adjunct in surgery (perioperative management), angioplasty, arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms), cystic fibrosis, gastrointestinal disorders, immune system stimulation, increased cerebral blood flow, inflammatory dermatoses, lung disease, lung function (successful liberation from prolonged mechanical ventilation), meningitis, menopause, neurological disorders, respiratory disease, self-esteem, spinal cord injury, stress, stroke, viral infection (polio), wound healing.
Many complementary techniques are practiced by healthcare professionals with formal training, in accordance with the standards of national organizations. However, this is not universally the case, and adverse effects are possible. Due to limited research, in some cases only limited safety information is available.
Prayer is not recommended as the sole treatment approach for potentially serious medical conditions and should not delay the time it takes to consult with a healthcare professional or receive established therapies. Sometimes religious beliefs come into conflict with standard medical approaches and an open dialog between patients and caregivers is recommended.
This information is based on a systematic review of scientific literature edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (
Benson H, Dusek JA, Sherwood JB, et al. Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Intercessory Prayer (STEP) in cardiac bypass patients: a multicenter randomized trial of uncertainty and certainty of receiving intercessory prayer. Am Heart J. 2006 Apr;151(4):934-42.
Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Ironson G, et al. Spirituality, religion, and clinical outcomes in patients recovering from an acute myocardial infarction. Psychosom Med 2007 Jul-Aug;69(6):501-8.
Cha KY, Wirth DP, Lobo RA. Does prayer influence the success of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer? Report of a masked, randomized trial. J Reprod.Med 2001;46(9):781-787.
Collipp PJ. The efficacy of prayer: a triple-blind study. Med Times 1969;97(5):201-204.
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Last week, I sent an email to the city's Hotline suggesting that City Council consider ways to use our existing affordable housing program to encourage more Boulder police officers to live in the city. Currently, less than 10 percent does.
Although many cities including New York, Chicago, Memphis, and Philadelphia have laws requiring that their officers live in the city to serve on their police force, I've never suggested that. Boulder is too expensive to require officers to live here. We'd lose good applicants and good officers, and we would limit the ability of an officer to make the right housing and neighborhood choices for his or her own family.
But the rationale that has led courts to validate residency requirements in other cities applies to our city as well: when officers live in the city where they work, they have a greater stake in the community. They are more invested in it. Residents are more likely to trust the police that serve them if they get to know them on a personal level. Chance encounters at the play ground, grocery store, or school potluck that help all of us to know each other better, build community. Having officers reside in the city where they are employed may decrease emergency response times and absenteeism. I believe that having a higher percentage of police officers as neighbors would benefit our police department and our community.
Our existing affordable housing program is robust. In the next two years alone, we expect about $35 million worth of affordable housing will be built in Boulder. This is not new money that we are taking from other worthwhile programs. Instead, it is provided primarily by developers who build market rate housing and therefore are required to build affordable housing or provide the land or the cash in lieu of building it.
Our affordable housing program is already open to all city employees who qualify based on family income. However, it is not clear if it has attracted any police officers to live in Boulder. I'd like to know how it could be better tailored to meet the needs of our own public safety officers. Many employers help their employees find housing closer to where they work. The idea is not new, but it needs revisiting to be effective.
Boulder is losing its middle class and this includes those who serve as police officers or fire fighters. I don't know if police officers working in Boulder don't live here because they simply can't afford it or because they just don't want to live here. As a council member, I can address the first issue through our affordable housing program. I can also respond to those community members who express a loss of trust in some of our officers.
Erosion of trust in our police force is a serious issue that requires real discussion about real solutions. I believe that our officers are good people and good stewards for our community. As a community member, I'd love to know more of them personally and to have my kids know them as well. Given our housing situation in Boulder, positive change is not likely to happen unless City Council, Boulder residents, and employees who serve Boulder work together and begin the discussion.
KC Becker is a Boulder City Councilwoman.


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A man who was killed by Seattle police after he allegedly shot two people at a popular Central District nightclub on Sunday night had been involved in a tumultuous relationship with one of the victims, a 24-year-old woman, according to relatives and court documents.
"They shouldn't have been allowed to see each other," said a relative of the wounded woman, who asked not to be named.
The dead man was not formally identified Monday, but a relative said his name was James D. Anderson, 32, of Seattle.
Anderson had been arrested near the same nightclub, the Twilight Exit, two months ago after he allegedly left the couple's 7-month-old son unattended in a car that was parked nearby, according to court documents. Anderson was charged with reckless endangerment and leaving the child unrestrained and alone in a car while he walked up to the Twilight Exit on East Cherry Street, according to Seattle Municipal Court documents.
Also last year, a no-contact order preventing his girlfriend from contacting him was issued, according to court records.
In Sunday's incident, Anderson had been ejected from the Twilight Exit after an argument with his girlfriend only to return about 20 minutes later with a gun, witnesses and the bar's owner said. He entered through the club's alley entrance, where he allegedly shot a doorman in the leg, then made his way across the bar and shot his girlfriend several times.
Officers responded quickly to the 911 calls and were at the door as the gunman was leaving, Nick Metz, deputy chief of Seattle police, said Sunday night. The officers identified themselves, but the gunman fired a single shot and one officer returned fire, Metz said.
Anderson was pronounced dead at the scene.
The doorman, a man in his 30s, was shot once in the leg; he underwent surgery at Harborview Medical Center and remained in the intensive-care unit Monday night. Anderson's girlfriend, who is also in intensive care, was shot three times in the legs. Both are expected to recover.
Seattle police did not release additional details Monday.
According to court documents and people who knew the couple, Anderson and his girlfriend had a tumultuous relationship.
"Basically, they were one of those couples that fought all the time," said Twilight Exit owner Stephan Mollman.
A no-contact order was issued against Anderson's girlfriend last year after the two fought and police were called, court documents show. The woman was charged with assault and property destruction, but the assault charge was dismissed after Anderson refused to cooperate in her prosecution, court records show.
Anderson's girlfriend entered into a dispositional continuance on the property- destruction charge, which called for her to undergo treatment for chemical dependency and abstain from drugs and alcohol, according to court documents.
Anderson's court records showed minor drug violations from about a decade ago.
More recently, though, he was charged with endangering the couple's child.
According to the documents filed in municipal court, Anderson placed their 7-month-old son in the front passenger seat of his 2004 Ford Mustang as he drove from his home on 27th Avenue to the Twilight Exit.
"There was no child restraint used, nor was there any restraint of any kind used, and the child was lying free in the seat," according to the police report.
The temperature was in the low 40s and the child "was not dressed for cold weather, wearing only one thin layer of clothing," police wrote.
The girlfriend's relative said that Anderson had been looking for his girlfriend at the bar, but was not planning to go into the bar and drink.
Mollman said that Anderson, after his arrest, had asked about obtaining video surveillance from the bar, which Anderson was hoping to use to show the court that he "hadn't actually left the baby alone."
The relative of Anderson's girlfriend said that Anderson and the woman had been together, off and on, for a couple of years. The girlfriend had been studying nursing and Anderson was a union carpenter who most recently had been working on a job at the University of Washington.
"He was actually a really nice guy," the relative said. "I think most of their troubles were from the booze."
Twilight Exit is a dark, cozy joint that attracts a wide-cross section of the neighborhood, including college students, construction workers, young professionals, retirees and parents, who often bring their toddlers and school-age kids on weekends before 8 p.m. On Sundays, the bar hosts a karaoke night.
Dozens of people, many of them regulars, posted comments of support on the Twilight Exit's Facebook page on Monday, with several suggesting a "take back the bar" night when it reopens to counter the violence that erupted there. Others suggested a fundraiser to cover the victims' medical bills.
One man wrote: "As soon as you can open again, please have a benefit night for the victims. I know the entire community will pack in to show support and help raise money for any medical costs they've incurred. I'd be there tonight if you were open. Hoping for speedy recovery for both, and looking forward to coming in when you are open again."
Christine Clarridge: 206-464-2073 or firstname.lastname@example.com.