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Experiences through which students can apply their academic knowledge in work settings are a vital component of a college education. These experiences are widely labeled as "internships," but the criteria for and oversight of these experiences vary widely among institutions of higher education and employers in the United States. This paper examines the characteristics of a legitimate internship and the conditions under which such an experience can be engaged on an unpaid basis. At the foundation of this paper is the tenet that an internship is a legitimate learning experience benefitting the student and not simply an operational work experience that just happens to be conducted by a student.
Experiential learning is a crucial component of a college education. Experiential learning encompasses a wide variety of enriching opportunities for students, including service-learning, volunteering, student organization leadership and campus involvement, faculty-led research and projects, experiential study-abroad, student employment/work-study, cooperative education, and internships. This position paper concerns itself specifically with internships.
More students are pursuing experiential learning, particularly internships, more colleges and universities are promoting student engagement in experiential learning such as internships, and a greater number and variety of employers are offering these experiences in the form of internships. Significant discussion has developed, particularly around the concept, purpose, structure, and function of internships, and the conditions under which internships can be pursued on an unpaid basis.
In 2010, the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) issued a position statement on unpaid internships that was developed after conducting a national survey of employer and college members and considering other related research. It is framed by principles, beliefs, assumptions, and information that took into consideration the numerous and varying current practices. NACE has developed a framework within which to define the internship experience and identify criteria for determining when internships can be offered ethically and legitimately without pay.
Because the parties involved in the internship process—students, colleges and universities, and employers—have differing objectives, it is important to have a definition of "internship" upon which all parties can agree. Currently, the term "internship" is used to describe various experiences. Moreover, there are no guidelines by which employers, educators, and students can consistently define "internships."
To establish uniformity in the use and application of the term "internship," NACE recommends the following definition:
An internship is a form of experiential learning that integrates knowledge and theory learned in the classroom with practical application and skills development in a professional setting. Internships give students the opportunity to gain valuable applied experience and make connections in professional fields they are considering for career paths; and give employers the opportunity to guide and evaluate talent.
To effectively implement this definition, it is necessary to develop criteria that college career centers and employer recruiters can use to identify workplace experiences that can legitimately be identified as "internships." The discussion of these criteria is framed by several conditions. These conditions are the legal definitions set by the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA); the widely varying guidelines set by individual educational institutions and academic departments within institutions; employer perspectives on and objectives for internships; and the unique experiential learning objectives of students.
The legal considerations are addressed through six criteria for unpaid interns for the service they provide to "for-profit" private sector employers articulated in the Fair Labor Standards Act (see FLSA Fact Sheet #71). Essentially, if the six criteria are met, the Department of Labor (DOL) considers there to be no employment relationship. The six criteria established by the DOL are:
In the 2010 NACE survey, both career services and employers agreed with five of the six FLSA criteria; both groups disagreed with the criterion that the employer derives no immediate advantage from the activities of the student.
Students pursue internships because they want to gain professional experience that links their academic coursework to the disciplines they want to pursue for their careers. To gain this experience, students want to engage in projects and tasks that contribute to the professional work of the organization. This means that the employer does benefit from the work of the intern while, at the same time, it provides a meaningful experience that allows for the application of academic knowledge.
While the DOL standards are a matter of law, they were originally created for vocational training programs. NACE has recommended to the DOL that it reconsider and revise the FLSA criteria to ensure they "account for the incredible diversity of students, higher education institutions, and employing organizations involved in such programs." In fact, a recent decision by the 6th Circuit Court in Solis v. Laurelbrook Sanitarium addressed the issue of students working unpaid. The case turned on the issue of "primary benefit," and the court held that students in this case were not "employees" for purposes of the FLSA. The ruling in this case bolsters NACE's position. It should be noted, however, this case concerned a not-for-profit organization.
To advance this assessment, the ethics must be considered. At the foundation of such an assessment is the tenet that the internship is a legitimate learning experience benefitting the student and not simply an operational work experience that just happens to be conducted by a student. The core question then is whether or not work performed by an intern will primarily benefit the employer in a way that does not also advance the education of the student.
To ensure that an experience—whether it is a traditional internship or one conducted remotely or virtually—is educational, and thus eligible to be considered a legitimate internship by the NACE definition, all the following criteria must be met:
If these criteria are followed, it is the opinion of NACE that the experience can be considered a legitimate internship.
Career services professionals should monitor positions posted through their career centers to see that they follow the NACE definition and criteria articulated in this paper. This is particularly important for unpaid internships, as allowing an unpaid internship to be posted implies approval of the internship. Therefore, career centers should not post any unpaid internships that do not meet the seven criteria set forth above.
While academic credit legitimizes an unpaid experience, in order to be identified as an internship, that experience must fit the criteria. For experiences that employers make available only if academic credit is awarded, the college or university's requirements in combination with the criteria laid out in this paper should be used to determine if the experience is a legitimate internship.
This paper examines how to assess experiences often promoted to students as "internships" with the goal of determining the implications for compensation by exploring three components:
It is the considered opinion of NACE that career services professionals and employment professionals can work collaboratively to ensure that an experience meets and adheres to the criteria so that it can be legitimately considered an internship. In this way, valuable experiential learning can be ethically provided for students.
July 2011
NACE's Blog: http://blog.naceweb.org/
NACE's Tweets: #NACE14
NACE's Newsletter: SpotlightContact NACE Staff
©2014 National Association of Colleges and Employers. All rights reserved.


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|Oracle® Database Application Developer's Guide - Expression Filter
10g Release 1 (10.1)
Part Number B10821-01
|View PDF
Expression Filter provides a SQL schema and PL/SQL and Java packages that are used to store, retrieve, update, and query collections of expressions in an Oracle database.
Expression Filter is installed automatically with Oracle Database 10g Standard Edition and Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition. It is supplied as a set of PL/SQL packages, a Java package, a set of dictionary tables, and catalog views. All these objects are created in a dedicated schema named
The script to install the Expression Filter is named
catexf.sql and is found in the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/directory. This script should be executed from a SQL*Plus session while connected as
SYSDBA. Expression Filter can be uninstalled using the
catnoexf.sql script in the same directory.
The Expression Filter functionality is the same in the Standard and Enterprise Editions. Support for indexing expressions is available only in the Enterprise Edition because it requires bitmap index support.
During installation of the Oracle database, a demonstration script is installed for the Expression Filter feature. The script
exfdemo.sql is located in the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/demo/ directory.

subset: commoncrawl


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bigstrads wrote:RobDIKUM wrote:Captain_Jack wrote:Why is everyone so worried about other people? If you don't like someone don't talk to them...it's pretty simple.
Oh and, I'm better than all of you just by default anyway
i think it's the fact that some people make it difficult to be ignored. If you go into a certain forum it's flooded with pointless topics by pointless posters. So it makes it difficult to filter out the crap, and no jack you are not better than me, though i am a better fan than jackattack
Urrgghh! well................I won MVP and Fan of the Year last year!!!..............so because I won some awards, that means Im the best and everyone should treat me like the lord of the board.
Also, everything I say should always be considered correct and irrefutable, if you even dare to question the word of your lord then you will subject to as many back-handed insults as I can through at you.
Please feel free to praise me at all possible moments (because if you dont I will feel dead inside) and I at any time can call all of you "homers" and "terrible fans" just because I am so freakin awesome all the time.
Disclaimer: This hissy fit/dramatization was brought to you by the self centered, ego-maniacal, martyrs here at 32 Productions Inc.
OUCH!!! lol


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Thursday, November 5, 2009
MP3: "Havin' My Baby" - Think About Life
11 comments:
- Anonymous said...
that sample has been stuck in my head for the last four hours, but i'm kind of okay with it
- November 5, 2009 at 9:35 PM
- ryanparker said...
About time the US heard about Think About Life.
- November 6, 2009 at 5:33 PM
- Neon Gold said...
thank you, Ryan and Anonymous. frankly, I'm outraged their aren't at least 5,000 comments on this post testifying to the greatness of this song.
- November 7, 2009 at 3:26 AM
- Lindsay said...
its goods its goods its gooooooooodsssssssssssssssssssssssssss ok. there. xoxo.
- November 7, 2009 at 5:03 AM
- Adrian Zgeb said...
Best band in Montreal. I hope they get huge. If they ever come to your town do yourself a favour.
- November 8, 2009 at 11:43 AM
- Anonymous said...
I found this site using [url=http://google.com]google.com[/url] And i want to thank you for your work. You have done really very good site. Great work, great site! Thank you!
Sorry for offtopic
- November 8, 2009 at 8:52 PM
- Anonymous said...
This song was on the June monthly cd that i make for my friends. Can I work for you guys now?
- November 9, 2009 at 5:55 PM
- unaryunns said...
^ lolol wtf?
- November 17, 2009 at 9:02 AM
- Radio Bastos said...
Great to see Think About Life blowing up on my favourite blog. My friend has been pimping them hard to me all year as his best friend is in the band. It was only after getting into them that I realised the third member (Graham) is the dude from Miracle Fortress - easily one of the best albums of 2007. If you haven't heard it already you will dig it 1000%; the closest thing I've heard to Pet Sounds since, er, well, Pet Sounds.
- November 17, 2009 at 12:08 PM
- Alex Drake said...
This is song is incredible!!! Thank You Neon Gold!
Every time it comes on it makes me feel happy!
- November 18, 2009 at 6:46 PM
- Thomas said...
I had this song stuck in my head and thanks to this I was able to identify it, thanks!
- January 24, 2010 at 1:49 PM


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Article: VIXX Ravi apologizes for misogynistic video... deletes video in question
Source: Sports Seoul via Nate
1. [+683, -66] Okay but can someone first explain who this guy is.....;;;
2. [+488, -10] Journalist-nim, if you're going to write about the controversy at all, at least include the problematic lyrics in question?
3. [+46, -19] So who is this guy??????????
4. [+43, -22] I don't even know who he is but of course it's always the nugus causing trouble like this... tsk tsk
5. [+32, -6] So what was the controversial scene about?
6. [+29, -1] You have to tell us what was so misogynistic about it though
7. [+22, -23] Why is it so hard for men to not be misogynistic...
8. [+18, -29] Watch guys, he's a male celebrity so he'll only get hate for the moment before people move on like nothing happened ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ if he was a female celebrity, she'd get hate for at least 5 more years ㅋㅋㅋ stupid fangirls and their preferential treatment for male idols ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ
9. [+17, -9] I bet it wasn't even controversial, it's probably a bunch of piggy feminazis getting angry over him featuring women in bikinis or something and they're accusing him of commercializing the woman's body or whatever. Meanwhile, they're the ones going crazy over Jay Park oppa's jji jji party. Disgustingly hypocritical.
10. [+16, -14] I can already hear the eyeballs of his stupid fangirls rolling around to try and think of ways to shield him ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ
11. [+13, -9] This guy's really talented though. He writes and composes music on his own and his voice is super unique and charming. What a disappointing article~ He's a member of a group named VIX and his voice is really unique.


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Latino population surges even as immigration on decline
While the population of U.S.-born Latinos continues to surge, the Latino immigrant population is falling, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis. Immigration was the main driver of Latino growth in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s. But things changed in the 2000s as those earlier arrivers started having kids.
U.S.-born Latinos accounted for 60 percent of the Latino population growth between 2000 and 2010, according to Pew.
Latinos are the nation's largest minority and one of the fastest growing populations. More than 53 million Latinos live in the country. The U.S. Census projects it will grow to 129 million people by 2060.
The growth is fastest in the South. The five fastest growing Latino populations are Tennessee, South Carolina, Alabama, Kentucky and South Dakota.
The authors attribute the decline in foreign-born population to the decline of Mexican migration. After decades of explosive growth, many Mexican immigrants are leaving the country. The lack of jobs due to the recession, greater border enforcement and increased dangers of crossing the border has led as many Mexicans to leave the country as those arriving, according to the study.


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West Region: No. 3 Missouri (28-6) vs. No. 14 Cornell (21-9)
When: Friday, 3:00 p.m., EDT
Where: Taco Bell Arena, Boise, Idaho
1) Forty Minutes of...well, something. Here's what's so awesome about this year's Missouri team: you really, reeeeally don't know what you're going to see when the Tigers are on a neutral floor. At home, it's pretty simple. There's lots of pressure defense (Mike Anderson has always been a fan of the full court press), tons of deflections and steals and a whole lot of scorin' going on. On the road, Mizzou is just as likely to hack up a big, ugly hairball as they are to win (ask Nebraska and Kansas State). At a neutral site...well, who knows, really? They fell to Xavier early in the year thanks to middle school-esque free throw shooting, won a few laughers over USC and Cal, and had their stripes handed to them in St. Louis courtesy of Illinois. So what happens when Missouri has to play in Boise and then (hopefully) Phoenix, both places distinctively not Columbia, Missouri?
2) DeMarre, DeMarre, DeMarre That being said, when the Tigers are on, they're on. Their 81.1 points per game is good for sixth in the country, and they're second in steals per game and first in assists per game. The man who can do it all is DeMarre Freakin' Carroll. DeMarre Carroll, Missouri's representative on the first team all-Big 12, averages 16.8 ppg, 7.3 rpg, 2 apg and 1.6 spg. He also screams a lot. When he's not busy scoring, assisting, stealing (basketballs only, promise), rebounding or screaming, he's succeeding academically. He's on the Academic all-Big 12 team, meaning his head's screwed on a lot tighter than many of his Tiger predecessors. Or maybe all of them. Regardless, it's probably unwise to not pay attention to a 6-7, braided monster who's nicknamed the Junkyard Dog. The Junkyard Dog! Those kids at Cornell just peed a little reading that.
3) The ghost of Athena. Ah, yes. The infamous Athena nightclub. It's the place where hoop dreams literally go to die. In January of '08, back when the Tigers had a respectable chance to make a dent in the Big 12, a minor scuffle-turned-brawl-turned-minor riot occurred at Athena, a favorite hangout spot for Missouri athletes. Seniors Stefhon Hannah and Jason Horton—who were both pretty important and stuff—were charged with assault, and a total of five players were either cut or suspended due to the "altercation." The Missouri men's basketball team promptly descended to basketball hell, all hope was lost, and the program became even more of a joke than it was during the final days of Quin Snyder's reign. Coach Mike Anderson has since replaced many of the offenders with players more up to his personal standards (read: decent human beings) and the results have been special. Nobody knows how long this unexpected success will last, but hey, why let the fun end now? — Ian Thomas
1) The Best Laid Plans... At this point last year, the Big Red were coming off an undefeated Ivy League season and looking to make a national impression in the tournament as a 14 seed. Instead, Cornell travelled cross country to Anaheim, had their worst shooting day of the year, got clobbered by third-seeded Stanford, and had their cheerleaders mocked by Bill Simmons. So in planning for 2009, Cornell decided to push for a better seed in the tournament. The Big Red returned their five leaders in minutes, including reigning Ivy League POY Louis Dale, sharpshooting forward Ryan Wittman (son of Randy), and 7-foot center Jeff Foote. In addition, the team set up an ambitious non-conference schedules for a Cornell team, including games at Syracuse, at Minnesota, at St. Joseph's, and vs. St. John's in the NIT Tip-Off. Things were looking rosy for the Red, right up until a few weeks before their opening game when they lost their entire starting backcourt—consisting of Dale and senior Adam Gore—to injuries. As a result, Cornell dropped all of their tough non-conference games and blew double-digit halftime leads against the Orange and Gophers. Dale and Gore have since returned to action—though Ivy League Rookie of the Year Chris Wroblewski has taken Gore's place in the starting lineup—and the Big Red won the Ancient Eight for the second straight year. They are the first non-Penn, non-Princeton Ivy League school in 50 years to earn consecutive NCAA Tournament berths. Their reward for such accomplishments is another 14 seed and another cross country trip. But instead of sunny Anaheim, they'll be in Boise, Idaho this year. At least it will make Ithaca seem more exciting when they get back.
2) Earning Their Andy Bernard Comparisons Cornell is traditionally a hockey school before anything else. Every year, Cornell students camp out for season tickets to Big Red men's hockey and, before the school changed the system three years ago, risk broken limbs in a mad weeknight stampede to claim line numbers. Cornell's Lynah Rink is known as one of the toughest places for visiting teams to play due to the volume and spirit of the student fans. The men's basketball team's recent rise to (relative) prominence has resulted in record attendance for Big Red basketball. But while the quantity of student fans may be there, the quality is not. Back in November, Cornell hosted South Dakota in their season opener. It was supposed to be a game to celebrate last year's accomplishments with the raising of the Ivy League Champion banner, as well as set the tone for a highly-anticipated season. At the end of the game, however, nearly every student in the crowd was booing. The Big Red didn't lose—in fact they won by 10—but by only scoring 79 points, the students were denied their free chicken wings at Generic Local Chicken Wing Restaurant. This situation nearly resulted in a unusual incident a couple weeks ago. The game that clinched the Ivy League title for Cornell was won by a score of 83-59 over Penn. Had the Big Red scored four points fewer in that game, it would have been the first occurrence in world history of students storming the court while booing.
3) Cornell's Best Hope for a National Title (Obviously Not Basketball) This year, Cornell best sport is wrestling. Seriously, their wrestling team is number 2 in the nation. Who knew? — Max Wasserman


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It's raucous backstage at the Groundlings after a Tuesday evening improv show — red wine and buckets of salty snacks will do that to a roomful of comedians, as will having just killed it onstage. A fluffy border collie lumbers through the crowd, which is shot through with boisterous congratulatory hugging. The warm glow of makeup mirror bulbs and shelves of wigs and costume props accentuate the festive vibe — a plastic gun here, a rubber chicken there.
This bunch, however, hasn't appeared onstage together since the 1980s, and so the evening is also a reunion of sorts. For its 40th anniversary, the Groundlings is hosting improv shows by the decades, bringing back alumni from each era — on this night, that included Mindy Sterling, a.k.a. villain Frau Farbissina from the "Austin Powers" movies, and Lynne Marie Stewart, Pee-wee Herman's saccharine love interest, Miss Yvonne. On Tuesday night, the 2000s show will reunite "Saturday Night Live" alum Will Forte, Cheryl Hines of "Curb Your Enthusiasm" and Wendi McLendon-Covey of "Bridesmaids."
The anniversary comes as the comedy landscape is teeming with opportunities for budding talent, including YouTube, comedy websites like Funny or Die, podcast networks such as Earwolf and Nerdist, and even Twitter — a favorite for comedians honing one-liners. But in 1974, when the Groundlings officially formed, L.A. outlets for honing improv skills and developing sketch characters were few. Second City was based in Chicago. The Upright Citizens Brigade, now a local improv staple, didn't arrive until 2005. So the Groundlings — which grew out of an improv workshop and developed into a performing troupe and later a school — became the social and comedic hub for blossoming comedy nerds.
"We were a giant family, and there was almost nothing outside of it," says Phyllis Katz, one of the school's founders. "There was stand-up. People were either at the Comedy Store or the Improv. But finding the Groundlings — where everything was experimental — was spectacular."
In today's quick-morphing digital culture, the Groundlings remains relevant as an analog iconoclast of sorts, sidestepping the plethora of peripheral entertainment opportunities and digital distractions. It doesn't have a YouTube channel or a TV show in the works, nor does it tour like Second City and Upright Citizens Brigade. Instead, it focuses on its core mission of in-person classes and staged performances in L.A. The company just purchased a building for its school, across the street from its Melrose Avenue theater, with plans to open in 2016.
"We're kind of Luddites and purists in that sense," jokes current company member Michaela Watkins. "It's really rigorous training, and we want to stay true to those values."
Comedians can find "10 times more opportunities" now than in 1974, says Fred Rubin, senior lecturer in the UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television.
"But the Groundlings and Second City are still the farm teams for comedy the world over," he says. "Invariably, when somebody shows up on 'SNL,' they came from [there] or UCB. It's a major arena of teaching comedy skills and as relevant today as when it began."
In 1972, comedian Gary Austin, who had been part of the San Francisco improv group the Committee, started a weekly improv workshop in a Hollywood theater. Classes were decidedly loose, incorporating songs, monologues and character sketches, and they drew budding actor Tim Matheson (before he starred in "Animal House") and then-singer-songwriter Tracy Newman (before she became an Emmy winning TV writer for "Ellen" and a producer on "Cheers").
Within a year, the group was performing around Hollywood, and in 1974 Austin incorporated as a nonprofit theater company. The troupe's name came from Shakespearean days: Audiences who couldn't afford theater seats and watched the show standing in the theater yard were called Groundlings.
Lily Tomlin was a regular audience member at those early shows, and she brought on Groundlings Laraine Newman and Sandy Helberg to perform in her 1975 TV special, "The Lily Tomlin Show," which was produced by Lorne Michaels. When Michaels cast his new NBC sketch comedy show that year, he plucked Newman to be part of the original "SNL" lineup.
"The Groundlings has meant everything to my career," Newman says. "The relationship between the Groundlings and 'Saturday Night Live' is so entwined, I believe, because the emphasis on character-driven scenes are the most enduring ones for 'SNL,' and characters are emblematic of the Groundlings' style."
The company acquired its current property in 1975 and performed at venues around town until its own theater was ready in 1979. "I remember sitting in the office with Tom Maxwell ... this was around '75, '76," Tracy Newman says. "He was worried about his own future and the future of the company, and I said: 'Are you kidding? This is the future of comedy!'"
The Groundlings went on to become a veritable pop culture geyser, springing scores of comic actors and characters: Paul Reubens' Pee-wee Herman and Cassandra Peterson's late-night horror-movie host Elvira as well as dozens of characters to appear on "SNL," including Phil Hartman's Chick Hazzard, Private Eye; Julia Sweeney's androgynous Pat; Will Ferrell and Cheri Oteri's perky cheerleaders; Jon Lovitz's smirking Liar; and Melissa McCarthy's gluttonous, ranch-dressing-chugging Linda.
They all came out of an organization that runs about 20 classes a day, seven days a week. Students work through five levels over roughly five years before gaining a shot at joining the Sunday company, which itself is a steppingstone to being a Groundling. Only the best are voted in. Though close to 1,000 students are enrolled in the program, there are only 30 Groundlings at any one time — and they write and perform without pay while collectively serving as the company's artistic director.
"They're so aggressively prepared for the TV wars, navigating the audition system," says OmniPop Talent Group's Bruce Smith, a manager who represents comedians. YouTube comedians, he says, "may be talented, but they're sort of working in a bubble."
Adds Vanity Fair comedy writer Mike Stack, author of "Poking a Dead Frog: Conversations with Today's Top Comedy Writers": "There's more at stake now. I wonder if some of the characters being done now are meant to appeal to a select few, like Lorne Michaels or Judd Apatow; there seems to be a need to hit the right notes and use it as a launch pad."
Competition for stage time can be fierce. Tracy Newman says it was "ugly but also familial" backstage, but that's an integral part of developing writers. The more sketches Groundlings write for themselves, the more plentiful their chances to perform.
"Phil Hartman called it 'comedy capitalism,'" says Timothy Stack, creator of E! Entertainment's talk show parody "Night Stand." "It forced you to act and write. If you wanted stage time, you had to write stuff. So many of the people who go on to 'SNL' do so well there because they're used to competing."
Hartman, whom many looked up to as Yoda ("He was so talented," Timothy Stack says), famously didn't intend to be a Groundling. He came to a show in 1974 and, afterward, spontaneously started doing John Wayne impressions onstage, to hilarious effect. He was encouraged to audition for classes, which by then had become necessary as so many people wanted to enroll; it's still the case today.
The craft of writing sketches taught a discipline that changed the course of careers.
"It was grad school for me for writing," says Jim Rash, who starred as Dean Pelton on "Community" and won an Oscar for co-writing the 2011 film "The Descendants" with fellow Groundlings alum Nat Faxon. "Writing sketches, you're also learning about a journey and characters, and you translate that to bigger things. The passion to explore and not be afraid to fail — that's something I will always attribute to the Groundlings."
Being part of the Groundlings' "class system" — whether reaching the top tier or simply taking one-off workshops — also has meant access to a network of Hollywood actors, writers and producers. J.J. Abrams took classes, as did Conan O'Brien and Jimmy Fallon. Groundlings frequently cross-pollinate their outside projects, a tradition that goes back to the early days. Reubens' "Pee-wee's Playhouse" was a revolving door of Groundlings talent and gave dozens their first credits, not just acting but also writing.
"Nowadays the producer has to approve it, the network has to approve it, the studio has to approve it," says Groundlings alum Doug Cox, who wrote for Reubens' show as well as for Peterson's Elvira character in various TV productions. "It used to be: 'Come on in and do a few lines.' So many of us got our start that way."
Former Groundling Kristen Wiig's 2011 film "Bridesmaids" was chock-full of alums, particularly women, including co-writer Annie Mumolo, Maya Rudolph, McCarthy and McCarthy's husband, Ben Falcone, whom she met at the Groundlings and who played the air marshal in the film.
Watkins is co-creator, with Groundlings alum Damon Jones, of the USA Network sitcom "Benched," which is currently in production. It's brimming with Groundlings affiliates on both sides of the camera, from guest stars Oscar Nunez, Jeremy Rowley and Laird Macintosh to writers Rash and current Groundling Jim Cashman, to one of its directors, Michael McDonald.
Groundlings isn't the only place to foster such a network, of course. Second City now has a Hollywood location, and UCB is opening a second training center and theater space on Sunset Boulevard this summer. Improv Olympic, Acme Comedy and iO West Theater also offer improv classes. But to members past and present, the Groundlings is special.
"You meet a bunch of people that don't just become your friends but your comedic colleagues," Cashman says. "It's who you turn to creatively."
The scene in the Groundlings lobby, after the '80s show, is a bit maudlin.
"That woman there, she paid for me to take the advanced class, I was so poor!" says the show's director, Groundling alum Deanna Oliver, poking Stewart in the shoulder.
"Hey, you didn't pay for any of my classes," jokes Cox, who's wearing a green camouflage kilt he calls "a utili-kilt."
Turning serious, Stewart tosses an arm over Oliver.
"Really, I'd heard she was brilliant," Stewart says, "and I just wanted to keep her here."
As the Groundlings moves ahead, the group still holds tightly to its founding principles: performing and teaching. Over the years, the company has been approached about branching out, including interest in taking the show on the road or setting up a Las Vegas-based production — none of which it pursued, says Groundlings board of directors Chairman Ron Hofmann. A short-lived TV improv show ran on FX in 1998 for one season of 65 episodes. In 2008, the Groundlings produced 50 Web comedy shorts for Sony Pictures Television's digital platform, Crackle.
"We get approached all the time, we're open to things, but it's a challenge," Hofmann says. "We're only 30 people, and the company members are all teaching and performing and also have their own [paying] careers." As a small nonprofit, he says, "we'd have to restructure and expand the company, which could compromise the core mission."
The finances appear healthy: In 2012, the most recent for which tax records are available, the company was in the black with revenue of about $2.1 million. About $1.5 million came from tuition, and almost all of the rest came from ticket sales. The school building, being renovated, will feature five large classrooms and a small black box theater. There are discussions about a green screen and editing bay for multimedia.
"You look at the founding members, and they started a theater and a school," Watkins says. Current members' legacy, she says, will be a school building.
"That's where it starts," says Sterling, who still teaches classes and directs shows. "I fell in love with the art of improv here but also got a lot of self esteem and confidence and taught and directed and wrote. This is where I feel like I came into my own — in so many ways."
'40 Is the New Groundlings'
Where: The Groundlings, 7307 Melrose Ave., Los Angeles
When: 8 and 10 p.m Fridays and Saturdays, through July 12
Tickets: $20
Information: (323) 934-4747 or www.groundlings.com


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Hey guys,
Just a quick but very important reminder, MTV.com has just posted eligible nominees for the 2010 MTV Movie Awards. If you sign up for free on their website, you can vote for whoever and whatever movie you want nominated for the upcoming June 2010 awards.
That means here at JimCarreyOnline, we have the power to nominate both Jim and A Christmas Carol for whatever category we want. I know he has the most MTV awards right now, but it doesn't hurt to give him another if we can do it.
Here's what I suggested for four of the categories:
Best WTF Moment:
Gary Oldman - Marley's Ghost talking with a loose jaw!
Best Comedic Performance:
Jim Carrey
Best Male Performance:
Jim Carrey
Global Superstar:
Jim Carrey (or Johnny Depp)
If we can beat Twilight fans at their own game, I say YES WE CAN!!!


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Hurt Life Skateboards - Live Deep Premium Tee
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March 2, 2007
Complete Release in PDF Format
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The Schedule
UCB Game No. 28
Saturday, March 3, 2007 at 4:00 p.m.
UC Santa Barbara Gauchos vs. Cal State Northridge Matadors
at UCSB's Thunderdome
Game No. 29
Wednesday-Saturday, March 7-11, TBA
UC Santa Barbara Gauchos at the Big West Tournament
at the Anaheim Convention Center
The Gaucho Record
UC Santa Barbara enters its final regular season finale against Cal State Northridge with an overall record of 17-10 and a Big West mark of 8-5. On Thursday night, the Gauchos clinched a bye in the first round of next week's Big West Tournament with a 64-49 win over the University of the Pacific. UCSB has now won two consecutive games overall and in league play. The victory over the Tigers also ended a two-game home losing streak for the Gauchos.
UCSB Clinches First Round Bye At Big West Tournament
With their win over Pacific on Thursday night the Gauchos clinched a bye in the first round of next week's Big West Tournament. UCSB and Cal Poly remain tied for third-place in the league, one-half game behind Cal State Fullerton. Because of tiebreakers, the Gauchos cannot, even with a win on Saturday, earn the second seed in the tourney. Santa Barbara's only chance to receive anything but the fourth seed would be if they were to defeat the Matadors and Cal Poly, which swept the season series, was to lose at home to Pacific.
Harris Named All-District
Junior guard Alex Harris, the Big West's leading scorer, was selected to the National Association of Basketball Coaches All-District 15 Second Team on Wednesday. Harris, who is averaging 20.8 points per game, is the first UCSB player to earn All-District recognition since Mark Hull was honored in 2003. He is just the second Gaucho in 14 years to be selected All-District.
March 3 Home Finale Moved To 4:00 PM For FSN West
UCSB's regular season finale against Cal State Northridge, scheduled for Saturday, March 3 at 7:00 p.m. in the Thunderdome, has been moved to 4:00 p.m. to accommodate Fox Sports Network West, which will televise the game live. As part of the league's best game available provision in its television contracts, the Big West decides on late-season games based on record and impact on the conference standings.
Harris, Powell Shoot Down Pacific, 64-49
Alex Harris scored 17 of his game-high 22 points in the second half and James Powell made all four of his three-point attempts to lead UC Santa Barbara to a 64-49 victory over visiting Pacific on Thursday night. The Gauchos clinched a first-round bye in next week's league tournament with the win. Powell made all four of his 3-point tries, including three in the first half, to help UCSB take a 29-23 lead. He finished with 14 points as the Gauchos made 10-of-19 shots from beyond the 3-point line and shot 45.1 percent overall. Harris made 4-of-5 shots from beyond the arc. In his last four games, the Big West's leading scorer has made 19 three-pointers and in his last three he has hit 14-of-20, 70.0%. Powell and Harris combined to make 9-of-10 three-point shots on the night. Pacific shot only 35.2 percent and fell behind by as many as 20 points, 53-33, with 10:14 to go. Anthony Esparza rallied the Tigers to within 11 points, scoring 12 of his team-high 16 points in the final eight minutes. Wolfgang Raffety added 11 points for the Tigers while Anthony Brown had a game-high 12 rebounds. Cecil Brown added 10 points and four assists for UCSB and forward Ivan Elliott came off the bench to add eight points, making all four of his field goal attempts, and a team-high 10 rebounds in just 20 minutes.
Probable Starters - Notes
G - Cecil Brown - Has averged 13.0 points and 3.5 assists in last two games.
G - Alex Harris - His 564 points this season ties him for third on UCSB's all-time list.
G - Justin Joyner - His 75 assists rank sixth all-time among Gaucho freshmen.
F - Chris Devine - Had streak of 14 straight double-digit games ended Thursday night.
F - Glenn Turner - Averaged 5.0 rebounds in the last 10 games.
Probable Reserves - Notes The Bob Williams File The Opponents On The Road Again The Gauchos At Home Gauchos Surpass 2005-06 Win Totals Three-Point Bizarro World Protecting The Ball That 70's Show Playing The Percentages Close Calls Junior Partners Top One-Two Punches Active Scoring Leaders Double Dipping Double-Double Dipping The Harris Poll The Devine File Help Cecil! Help! Justin Joins In Ivan The Good Old Buddy, Old Powell As The World Turners
G - James Powell - Tied his season-high with four three-pointers vs. Pacific.
G - Paul Roemer - Has not played in either of the last two games.
G - Trevor Bing - Has not played in the last four games.
F - Ivan Elliott - Had 10 rebounds vs. Pacific and is averaging 7.3 in last 11 games.
F - Emmanuel Bidias a Mouté - Has played in each of the last 14 games.
F - Beau Gibb - Has played in just one of the last 15 games.
F - David Massey - Played in only game and had only points on Nov. 13 at Montana State.
Bob Williams is in his ninth season as the head coach at UC Santa Barbara. Last year his team overcame a slow start to finish over the .500 mark for the fourth time in five seasons. UCSB was 15-14 overall and 6-8 in the Big West. Prior to the 2004-05 season, when an injury-ravaged Gaucho team finished below .500, Williams had guided the program to three straight winning seasons for the first time since the late 1980s. In 2002-03, Williams' Gauchos went 18-14 overall and 14-4 in league. The 2002-03 Big West mark earned Santa Barbara its first-ever Big West regular season championship along with a trip to the postseason National Invitation Tournament. Additionally, the success earned Williams his second Big West Coach of the Year award, his first coming after an impressive 1999 campaign. In 2001-02, Williams guided UCSB to its first Big West Conference Tournament Championship ever and first NCAA Tournament appearance in 12 years. Including this season, Williams' UCSB teams have posted a 139-121 (.534) overall record and an 85-59 (.589) record in Big West games. Prior to his arrival at UCSB, he spent eight years at UC Davis and in those eight years, his teams recorded 20 or more wins five times and a 158-76 record. In Williams' final season, the Aggies went 31-2, won the NCAA Division II National Championship and he was named NABC Division II Coach of the Year. Including two seasons at Menlo College, Williams has a record of 327-221 (.597) at four-year schools.
The Gauchos and Cal State Northridge have played 33 times in a series that began in 1960. The teams split a pair of games last season with each winning on the other's home court. UCSB continued that trend in the first meeting this season. On Jan. 25, the Gauchos recorded a 67-57 win in Northride. The victory gives Santa Barbara an all-time series record of 25-8.
UCSB is 10-4 in road games this season. In their last road game, the final one of the season, the Gauchos defeated UC Riverside, 68-67. The victory over the Highlanders gave Santa Barbara a new school record for true road wins in a single season. The 10 wins are one more than the previous record of nine set during the 1963-64 season when the school still competed at the NCAA College Division level. In addition to Saturday's win at Riverside, the Gauchos have logged road wins at Montana State, UNLV, Pepperdine, Portland, San Francisco, UC Irvine, Cal State Northridge and Pacific this season. They began the year with five straight true road wins for the first time since the 1987-88 campaign. The five straight road wins to open the year extended the Gauchos' road streak over two seasons to six in a row, tying a school record also set during the 1987-88 season. On Dec. 22, UCSB had its school record-tying six game road winning streak ended at the University of San Diego, 81-63 and then on Jan. 4, Long Beach State handed the Gauchos their second consecutive road loss, 101-65. UCSB bounced-back and won four consecutive road games before a Valentine's Day loss at Cal Poly. Finally, dating back to the 2005-06 season when they won four of their last five true road games, the Gauchos have gone 14-5 on the road in their last 19 games.
The Thunderdome has not been as kind to UCSB this season. The Gauchos are 7-6 at home in 2006-07 and on Thursday night they snapped a two-game home losing streak with a 64-49 win over Pacific. Since winning four straight home games, including its first two Big West games on Dec. 28 and Dec. 30 against UC Riverside and Cal State Fullerton respectively, Santa Barbara has lost four of its last six home appearances. Before winning on Thursday, UCSB had lost two straight one-point games at home, to Long Beach State and Eastern Washington. Overall, their six home losses this season have come by a combined 23 points, 3.8 per game. On Jan. 20, Cal Poly beat Santa Barbara by 10, but the other five losses came by a combined 13 points, 2.6 points per defeat. UCSB went 9-4 in home games during the 2005-06 season. Since Bob Williams became head coach prior to the 1998-99 season, the Gauchos have gone 80-34 in home contests. The six losses this season are the most home defeats by a Williams-led Santa Barbara team.
With its victory over Pacific on Thursday night, UCSB now has 17 wins overall and it has surpassed its win total of the 2005-06 season. The Gauchos went 15-14 last season. In addition, the win over the Tigers was the team's eighth Big West win, two more than it recorded in 2005-06. The eight league wins are the most that Santa Barbara has recorded since it went 10-8 in the 10-team Big West in 2003-04.
That's a Seinfeld reference in the headline. Anyway, on Thursday night UCSB made 10 three-point baskets and limited Pacific to three, the fewest by any opponent this season. It was just the second time in the last nine games and the eighth time this season that the Gauchos have made more three-pointers than their opponents. UCSB was 10-for-19 from beyond the arc on Thursday night, 52.6%. It was the sixth time this season that the Gauchos have made 50.0% or better from three-point range. For the year, the Gauchos have taken 456 three-point shots, making 37.7%, while their opponents have attempted 626, making 32.7%. UCSB opponents are attempting 6.2 more three-pointers per game. Santa Barbara has attempted more threes than its opponent just five times this season, including Thursday.
In recent games, Santa Barbara has done a better job of protecting the basketball. On Thursday, the Gauchos had 11 turnovers against Pacific and in the last four games, they have averaged 11.2 per game. On the year, they average 13.9 per contest. Also, in each of the last five games, UCSB has had a positive ratio of assists to turnovers. In the last five, the Gauchos have had 72 assists and only 57 turnovers. Through 27 games, UCSB has almost balanced its assist to turnover book with 375 assists and 376 turnovers.
Make no mistake, UCSB wants low-scoring games. When the Gauchos have been able to limit their opponents to fewer than 70 points, they have gone 14-2. When the opponents score more than 70 points they have gone 3-8. The only two opponents who were held to fewer than 70 points and still won were Long Beach State (68-67) and Loyola Marymount (58-55). On Thursday night, UCSB held Pacific to 49 points and it was the third time this season that an opponent has scored fewer than 50 points in a game, the first time in Big West play.
UCSB is now shooting 47.4% overall for the season. Gaucho opponents have made 41.5%. On Thursday night, Santa Barbara hit 45.1% and limited Pacific to 35.2%. It was the 18th time that UCSB has made 45.0% or better in a game this season. They have made 50.0% or better 11 times, four more than last season and in the last two games they have hit 49-of-96 shots, 51.1%. As for the opposition, Thursday night marked the 20th time that they have made fewer than 45.0% in a game this season and the 10th time that they have shot below the 40.0% mark. In the last two games, Gaucho opponents have made 43-of-111 shots, 38.7%.
Three of UCSB's last six games have been decided by one point and the Gauchos have gone 1-2 in those games. On Feb. 10, Santa Barbara dropped a heartbreaking 68-67 game to Long Beach State. One week later on Feb. 17, the Gauchos lost 71-70 to Eastern Washington. A week ago, on Feb. 24 at UC Riverside, UCSB showed that it had learned its lessons well with a 68-67 win over the Highlanders.
Juniors Alex Harris and Chris Devine have proven to be one of the best one-two scoring punches in UCSB history. Currently, the duo ranks third all-time on the Gauchos' one-two punch list. Harris and Devine combined for 954 points in the first 27 games, an average of 35.3 per game, slightly higher than the 34.9 per game that Lucius Davis and Idris Jones combined for in 1991-92. In UCSB's November 21 double-overtime victory over Pepperdine, Harris and Devine each eclipsed the 25-point mark, the first Santa Barbara pair to do so since Mike Doyle tallied 31 and Brian Shaw added 26 in a Feb. 25, 1988 game at Long Beach State. Three times this season the duo has scored 20 or more in the same game. The last time that happened was in 1990-91 when Davis and Gary Gray also did it three times.
# Players Season Points
1. L. Davis/I. Jones 1991-92 1,014
2. C. DeHart/M. Doyle 1988-89 957
3. A. Harris/C. Devine 2006-07 954
4. C. DeHart/E. McArthur 1989-90 929
5. L. Davis/G. Gray 1990-91 928
Player Points Games Avg.
Alex Harris 1,022 85 12.0
Cecil Brown 949 109 8.7
Chris Devine 745 56 13.3
Led by Alex Harris and Chris Devine, seven different UCSB players have scored in double-figures this season. Harris has scored 10 or more points in 26 of 27 games and Devine has done so 24 times. James Powell has done so in 11, including five of the last seven, after doing so just once in the previous 13 games. Here is a list of all Gaucho players and the number of times they have hit double-digits this season.
Player GP 10+
Alex Harris 27 26
Chris Devine 27 24
James Powell 27 12
Cecil Brown 22 12
Ivan Elliott 27 7
Justin Joyner 26 5
Tom Garlepp 19 1
The Gauchos have produced six statistical double-doubles this season. Chris Devine has five of them and Ivan Elliott has the the other. Devine now has nine in his career, seven of which have come on the road.
Player Opponent Stats
Chris Devine at Pepperdine 28p, 13r
Chris Devine at USF 12p, 10r
Chris Devine Vanguard 22p, 11r
Chris Devine at UC Irvine 15p, 11r
Chris Devine at UC Davis 19p, 10r
Ivan Elliott UC Riverside 12p, 10r
Junior guard Alex Harris continues to lead the Big West Conference in scoring at 20.9 points per game. After reclaimed the scoring lead with a 27-point performance on Feb. 17 against Eastern Washington, he solidified his hold in the last three games. On Feb. 22 at Cal State Fullerton he scored a career-high 35 points. Harris made 12-of-28 shots overall and 5-of-7 from three-point range in the game against the Titans. On Feb. 24 at UC Riverside, he scored 25 more on 9-of-13 shooting overall and 5-of-8 from three-point range, and on Thursday night against Pacific, he had 22 more points. In the last four games, Harris has averaged 27.2 points per game while making 35-of-69 shots overall, 50.7%, and 19-of-30 from three-point range, 63.3%. In fact, while Harris has equaled his career-high with five three-pointers in three of the last four games, in the last three he has made 14-of-20, 70.0%. Harris has scored 22 or more in each of the last four games. He opened the year by scoring 20 or more in seven straight, but at no point did he score 25 or more in three straight, which he had done in the three games prior to scoring 22 against Pacific. With his 22 points on Thursday, the junior from Alameda, Calif., has now scored 1,022 career points. He became the 21st UCSB player to break the 1,000 point barrier and has moved into 20th on the all-time list. Harris has scored in double-figures 26 times in 27 games and he has been at or over the 20 point mark 16 times, the most by a Gaucho player since the 1997-98 season. He scored 20 or more points in each of the first seven games this season, the longest streak of 20 or more points by a UCSB player since 1996-97 and the longest ever to open a season. Harris' career-high 35 points at Cal State Fullerton were the most scored by a Gaucho since Raymond Tutt tallied 37 on Feb. 21, 1997. If you cast your gaze upward a bit, you will notice that he is also scaling a variety of UCSB's single-season statistical lists. He now has 564 points, tied for third all-time. Harris needs one point to move past York Gross and into third all alone. Moving any higher than third is going to be a tough task. Lucius Davis is second with 644 points. Harris' run of 19 three-pointers in four games has also moved him to sixth on that list with 67. He also has 116 career three-point baskets, eighth all-time. He has made five three-pointers in three of the last four games and four times this season. Harris has also made four four times and three five times. He has made at least one three-pointer in 25 of 27 games and two or more 17 times. Also, after struggling from the free throw line last weekend, he was 8-of-17, he was back to his usual self on Thursday night as he made all six of his attempts. Harris is also third on the team in rebounding at 4.9 per game. He had five in the win over Pacific and has now had five or more in five of the last six games. Finally, Harris has been Santa Barbara's workhorse this season. He is averaging 35.1 minutes per game and has played 30 or more in 25 of 27, including the last 16. He logged a career-high 48 minutes (out of 50) in a double-overtime win over Pepperdine on Nov. 21.
Junior forward Chris Devine is second on the team in scoring at 14.4 points per game and he leads the team in rebounding at 6.6 per game. On Thursday night, however, he was held to six points by Pacific. It marked just the third time in 27 games that Devine was held below 10 points in a game and it ended a streak of 14 straight double-figure scoring efforts. A week ago, at UC Riverside, he narrowly missed his sixth double-double of the season with 13 points and nine rebounds. Additionally, Devine tied his season-high with five assists in the victory. He leads the team with five double-doubles this season and now has nine for his career. Of his double-doubles this year, four have come on the road and seven of nine in his two-year career have come away from the Thunderdome. This season, when Devine has produced a double-double, UCSB has gone 5-0. He had 28 points and 13 rebounds on Nov. 21 at Pepperdine, helping the Gauchos to a double-overtime win. The 28 points were a career-high. He has scored 20 or more five times this season, but he has not done so since he went for 25 in a Dec. 30 home win over Cal State Fullerton. While Devine is averaging 6.6 rebounds per game, he has had five or more 19 times, including four of the last five. In the last five, he has averaged 7.0 caroms per game. In addition to points, he has had career-highs this season in steals (five vs. San Jose State on Nov. 13) and assists (five at San Francisco on Dec. 17 and at UC Riverside on Feb. 24). While he is still shooting 53.3% from the field, Devine has struggled with his shot lately. In the last four games, he has made 17-of-44, 38.6%. On the other hand, he is shooting 73.1% from the free throw line overall, but he has drained 17-of-20, 85.0%, in the last five game. Finally, Devine is one of two Gauchos to have started all 27 games this season and he is the only player to start all 56 over the past two seasons.
Senior guard Cecil Brown has bounced back from two subpar offensive games with consecutive double-figure scoring games. On Thursday night against Pacific, he made just 4-of-13 shots, but he had 10 points. A week ago at UC Riverside was outstanding as he made 7-of-10 shots overall, including the game-winning fallaway jumper with less than nine seconds left, and finished with 16 points. Brown's outstanding effort against the Highlanders came on the heels of consecutive poor offensive games. In two games prior to Riverside, he scored just six total points and made just 2-of-16 shots from the field, both three-pointers. Still, despite those two games, Brown has been in double-figures in five of the last seven games and he has averaged 12.3 per game over that span. On the year, he has been in double-figures 12 times in 22 games and since scoring a total of 10 points in his first three appearances, Brown has averaged 10.1 points per game. In fact, in his 13 league games, he has averaged 11.3 points per game. He scored a season-high 23 in a Feb. 8 home win over UC Irvine. Brown has also become one of the Gauchos' most important playmakers. He is averaging 3.1 assists per game overall, but he has had two or more in 13 straight games, the longest current streak of any UCSB player. He has averaged 4.0 assists in his last 13 games. Finally, while he needs 51 points to hit the 1,000 point mark, Brown has scaled the career list for three-pointers. With 115 in his career, he ranks ninth on the all-time list, one behind Harris.
Freshman guard Justin Joyner returned to the Gaucho lineup last week after missing one game with a pulled hamstring. In his three games back, Joyner has struggled, particularly on the offensive end. In the last two games, he has missed all six of his field goal attempts, including four three-point attempts, and gone scoreless. Joyner did have seven points on Feb. 22 at Cal State Fullerton, but he has averaged 2.3 per game in his three games back. He has had four assists in the last two games and now has 75 on the year, the most on the team and a figure that ranks sixth on UCSB's all-time freshman list. If Joyner could pass off for nine more assists this season, he would move into second on the all-time list. On Dec. 30, in a win over Cal State Fullerton, he had a career-high 10 assists, the most by a Gaucho since the 1998-99 season. He has had four or more assists nine times. Joyner is averaging 5.0 points per game and has scored 10 or more four times, including three straight late in January and early in February. He tallied a career-high 15 points in a Jan. 25 win at Cal State Northridge and despite his two-game slump, in his last nine games, Joyner has averaged 7.0 points per game. He has become a legitimate three-point threat as well. On the year, he has made 17 three-point baskets, 11 of which have come in his last 11 appearances. His 17 threes are the 11th most by a freshman in school history. While Joyner is shooting 37.0% overall and 27.0% from three-point territory, he has shot 34.0% from beyond the arc since missing his first 13. Finally, he has become a defensive stalwart for the Gauchos. There is more to it than steals, but he has a team-leading 31 steals in his 26 games, 1.2 per game. He has had a career-high three steals five times this season and he has had two or more 11 times, including six of the last 11 games. In his last 11, Joyner has produced 18 steals, including three in four games. His 31 steals rank second on the all-time freshman list.
Junior forward Ivan Elliott has had two of his best games of the season in UCSB's last two. On Thursday night, Elliott made all four of his field goal attempts and finished with eight points, 10 rebounds, a blocked shot and an assist. On Feb. 24 at UC Riverside he made 4-of-5 shots and both of his free throw attempts to finish with 10 points. He also had eight rebounds. In the last two games, Elliott has gone 8-of-9 from the field, 88.9%, while averaging 9.0 points and 9.0 rebounds per game. On the year, he is now averaging 6.1 points and 6.0 rebounds per game. With 10 points against at Riverside, he has now scored 10 or more seven times this season. Elliott also improved his field goal percentage to a team-leading 57.0%. He scored his career-high of 14 points on Nov. 13 at Montana State. With 10 rebounds against Pacific on Thursday, Elliott has had at least seven in each of the last four games and at least five in six straight. In fact, since collecting a total of eight rebounds in the first three games of the year, he has averaged 6.5 per game and in the last 11 games he has averaged 7.3 per game. Elliott has had 10 or more rebounds five times this season, tied with Chris Devine for the most games with 10 or more. Elliott had a career-high 12 rebounds on Feb. 1 at UC Davis. On Dec. 28 against UC Riverside, he registered the first double-double of his career with 12 points and 10 rebounds. He is the only Gaucho, besides Devine, to have a double-double this season. Elliott came off the bench for the first seven games this season then the started 17 in a row before returning to a reserve role in the last three games. After playing more than 20 minutes twice in the first seven games, he has played 20 or more in 18 of the last 20.
James Powell had his best offensive game in quite some time on Thursday night. Powell made all four of his three-point attempts and tallied 14 points, the most he has scored in a game since he went for 17 on Dec. 2 at Portland. After a tough stretch of games at mid-season, Powell has started to reassert himself for the Gauchos. He has scored 10 or more points in five of the last seven games after doing so just once over a 13 game span. In the last seven, he has averaged 9.4 points per game. Overall, he is shooting 41.3% from the field and 35.4% from three-point range, but in the last nine games he has made 29-of-58 shots overall, 50.0%, and 14-of-29 from beyond the three-point arc, 48.3%. Powell has tallied 10 points or more 12 times this season. He scored a season-high 18 points on Nov. 21 at Pepperdine. He also had a pair of 17-point games, one coming in a Nov. 17 win at UNLV, and, as mentioned above, the other in Dec. 2 win at Portland. In addition to ranking third on the team in scoring Powell is third in assists at 2.3 per game and second to fellow freshman Justin Joyner in steals with 26. He also leads the team in free throw percentage at 83.1% and since he was shooting 75.6% in early-January, he has made 18 in a row to improve to his current 83.1% mark. Powell has also moved-up on several UCSB freshman statistical lists. He is currently in the top-10 in 11 categories, including points with 240, scoring average at 8.9, three-pointers with 35, assists with 62 and steals with 26.
Senior forward Glenn Turner has been in the starting lineup in each of the last three games. He had two points and six rebounds in the Thursday night win over Pacific. He also played 26 minutes, equaling his season-high and the same total he played last Saturday at UC Riverside. Turner made one of his two field goal attempts against Pacific and is now shooting 63.9% from the field. Also, with his six boards against the Tigers, he has had three or more in seven straight games and nine times in the past 11 games. Turner is averaging 3.9 rebounds per game, but in the last 10 he is averaging 5.0 per game. On Feb. 17, against Eastern Washington, he scored seven points, had eight rebounds and a pair of blocked shots, also in 26 minutes. He has averaged 21.0 minutes per game in the last seven games, a significant increase over his season average of 15.4 per game. Finally, despite missing nine games, he has taken over the team-lead with 22 blocked shots. Turner now has 103 blocked shots in his career. He is the fourth UCSB player to hit the 100 blocked shot mark.
The Bob Williams File
The Opponents
On The Road Again
The Gauchos At Home
Gauchos Surpass 2005-06 Win Totals
Three-Point Bizarro World
Protecting The Ball
That 70's Show
Playing The Percentages
Close Calls
Junior Partners
Top One-Two Punches
Active Scoring Leaders
Double Dipping
Double-Double Dipping
The Harris Poll
The Devine File
Help Cecil! Help!
Justin Joins In
Ivan The Good
Old Buddy, Old Powell
As The World Turners


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COOKEVILLE, Tenn. -- Former Golden Eagle baseball, softball, soccer and football players are being invited back to campus in the next couple of months as Tennessee Tech hosts alumni activities for each of those sports.
The baseball and softball teams will hosts their annual alumni weekend in April and May, while the soccer team is planning an Alumni game and the football program is gearing up for its annual alumni golf tournament.
The softball team goes first, hosting its annual "Legends Weekend" on Saturday, April 13, when coach Bonnie Bynum's team hosts OVC newcomer Belmont in a weekend series. The doubleheader begins at 1 p.m. Former softball players are invited to attend and participate during an on-field recognition. Interested players can contact Bynum (931-372-6552) or Roy McGinty (615-330-2057) in Development.
The second event on the calendar is the soccer team's Alumni Game, which is set for Saturday, April 27, at 11 a.m. Interested players may contact coach Daniel Brizard (931-372-6200) or Roy McGinty (615-330-2057) in Development.
On Saturday, May 18, the baseball team hosts its "Legends Weekend" on the final day of the regular season. Like softball, the alumni event takes place when coach Matt Bragga's squad faces Belmont, with first pitch scheduled for 2 p.m. Interested players can contact Roy McGinty (615-330-2057) in Development.
Former Tennessee Tech football players are invited to gather on
Saturday, July 13, for the team's annual Alumni Golf Classic at the
Cookeville Golf Club. Prior to the golf outing, the public is
invited to join the festivities with a Friday night BBQ dinner.
Pre-registration for the golf tournament is available in-person at the football office, or by phone (931-372-3930). Registration at the golf event will begin at 10 a.m., and the four-man scramble format tournament will get underway at noon with a shotgun start.


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|Authored By: Processed Apples Institute
|The cherries are a must for this drink.
|Diet Types: Dairy Free, Low Fat, Low Sodium, Vegan, Vegetarian
|Serves: 6
|Cooking Time: Under 15 minutes
|In a large bottle combine apple juice, lemonade and water. Shake vigorously. Put crushed ice in glasses. Pour in beverage. Top with cherries. ( Cherries not included in nutrition analysis)
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Welcome to the Geology Department
Northern Minnesota Field Trip - October 2013
New Zealand Geology ProgramGeology students traverse Fox Glacier in Westland Tai Poutini National Park on New Zealand's South Island
Badlands & Black Hills Field Trip - October 2012
Northern Minnesota Field TripSketching the Soudan Banded Iron Formation
Biogeoscience in Belize Program - Winter 2013
Structural Geology in CaliforniaSarah Titus outlines the geology of Mecca Hills area in Southern California
Students who discover in themselves a sense of excitement about the environment, mountains, climate change, volcanoes, fossils, rivers and earthquakes will find a good home in the Carleton College Geology Department.
The geology department retains a spirit of exploration and adventure; fieldwork in the out of doors is central to our curriculum. The geology curriculum is flexible, rigorous, and rooted in the traditions of a liberal arts education.


text:
Phil Kornblut
USC going after Florida defensive end
USC apparently is still not finished flushing out prospects to offer for the 2014 class. Wednesday recruiter Grady Brown visited DE Kevin Bronson (6-4 233) of Delray Beach, FL and offered him.
Bronson said Brown told him one reason they like him is because he is bigger than some other defensive ends they have been recruiting. Bronson had 58 tackles with 20 tackles for loss and 6 sacks this season and said he was used at all the positions along the line.
Bronson has set an official visit with the Gamecocks for January 17th. He is going to Rutgers this weekend and is set to visit Virginia Tech January 24th. He's also looking at Arkansas for a visit and is also considering Nebraska, Central Florida and South Florida. There is no favorite at this point.
Bronson said Brown and Gamecock defensive line coach Deke Adams saw him in the spring and liked his film and that's when the recruiting relationship started to build.


text:
Gallery: IRONMAN 70.3 St. George Presented by X2PERFORMANCE
By Kevin Mackinnon and Shawn Skene
Enjoying near-perfect race conditions, one of the most competitive pro fields we'll see outside of this years's IRONMAN 70.3 World Championship in Henderson, Nevada this September highlighted the competitive nature of 70.3 racing as Olympic-distance speedsters battled with full-distance veterans.
We'll call the final results a tie as two-time Olympian Brent McMahon took the men's race, while multiple IRONMAN champion Meredith Kessler ran past Germany's 2012 Olympian Svenja Bazlan to take the women's title in the inaugural 70.3 race here in St. George. Previously known as one of the toughest full-distance courses on the IRONMAN circuit, St. George proved to be a more-than-suitable championship course thanks to the challenging bike and run courses.
Men's Race
Andy Potts (USA) led the field out of the water in 22:40 with a pair of brothers, Denis and Ivan Vasiliev (RUS) nipping at his heels only two seconds back. The lead trio found themselves upwards of 30 seconds ahead of a large group that included Brian Fleischmann (USA), Brent McMahon (CAN), Davis Kahan (USA), Christian Ritter (DEU), Kevin Collington (USA) and Ivan Rana (ESP).
Out on the tough bike course in St. George, it didn't take long for Potts and the Vasiliev brothers to work together to fend off a large chase pack that was about 90 seconds behind them for much of the ride. Included in that exclusive group were some of the sport's heavy-hitters: TJ Tollakson (USA), Matty Reed (USA), Luke McKenzie (AUS), McMahon and the 2012 Ironman 70.3 world champion, Sebastian Kienle (DEU).
At the conclusion of the 56-mile ride, Tollakson entered T2 with a narrow lead of just a couple seconds on Potts and the Russian brothers. Reed, McKenzie, McMahon, Kienle and Kemp were next to enter the transition 53-58 seconds back of the lead four.
Tollakson lost his lead in transition to both Vasilievs, who quickly forged their way to the front of the race. Eventually it was Ivan Vasiliev who took control, while Potts and Denis Vasiliev were sitting in second and third. Behind them, McMahon was storming forward and ran his way in to second by mile three of the run. A few minutes later Kevin Collington (USA) suddenly appeared in the picture and was running with Potts fighting for third, while Greg Bennett (AUS), Reed, Tollakson, Kienle and McKenzie were in still within a shot at the podium, 1:24 to 1:57 back of the lead.
Between mile four and five Vasiliev surrendered the lead to the hard-charging McMahon. At the half way point of the run, McMahon had a 31-second lead over Vasiliev, while Collington was in third, 50 seconds back of the lead and 25 seconds clear of Potts.
It was all McMahon over the closing half of the run as his torrid run pace distanced him from the rest of the field. His second-fastest run of the day of 1:13:20 propelled him to the win in a time of 3:51:10. Collington's strong performance netted him second, 2:29 behind of McMahon, with Potts rounding out the podium 3:12 back of the winner.
Professional men's results
- Brent McMahon CAN 3:51:10
- Kevin Collington USA 3:53:38
- Andy Potts USA 3:54:21
- Ivan Vasiliev RUS 3:55:08
- Denis Vasiliev RUS 3:55:59
- Matt Reed USA 3:56:58
- TJ TollaksonUSA 3:57:00
- Luke McKenzie AUS 3:57:03
- Ivan RanaESP 3:57:32
- Trevor Wurtele CAN 3:57:55
Women's Race
Meredith Kessler (USA) displayed her dominance in the water with her race best swim time of 24:47. A chase pack of five were all within three to 14 seconds of Kessler including Svenja Bazlen (SWE), Laura Bennett (USA), Annabel Luxford (AUS), Katy Blakemore (USA) and Kelly Williamson (USA).
It was apparent early that Bazlen would be tough. By mile 26, she had cycled her way to a 2:07 lead over Luxford and Kessler, who were now biking in second and third. Heather Wurtele (CAN) and the 2012 IRONMAN and IRONMAN 70.3 world champion, Leanda Cave (GBR) were four minutes behind. Bazlen's prowess on the bike over the remainder of the course garnered her a 4:28 advantage over Luxford and 4:33 over Kessler as the lead women entered the transition.
Over the first half of the run, Bazlen maintained the lead as Kessler made modest inroads towards the front, but the American was still three minutes from the lead. Luxford was running virtually the same pace as Bazlen and found herself in third, 4:22 off the leaders pace.
Then Kessler made her move and quickly started to gain time on the German. With three miles to go she took the lead and never looked back. Wurtele worked her way past Luxford into third and was now only 3:19 behind.
Kessler became the U.S. Pro Champion in a time of 4:17:11. The margin was 1:26 over Bazlen, while Wurtele completed the podium with her 4:20:26 clocking.
Professional women's results
- Meredith Kessler USA 4:17:11
- Svenja Bazlen DEU 4:18:46
- Heather Wurtele CAN 4:20:26
- Annabel Luxford AUS 4:23:09
- Kelly Williamson USA 4:23:13
- Lesley Paterson USA 4:24:39
- Julia Gajer DEU 4:26:52
- Sarah Piampiano USA 4:27:41
- Emma-Kate Lidbury GBR 4:28:41
- Leanda Cave USA 4:29:04
Event and Finisher's Merchandise


text:
Joe Armstrong had fault tolerance in mind when he designed and implemented the Erlang programming language in 1986, and he was subsequently the chief software architect of the project which produced Erlang/OTP, a development environment for building distributed real-time high-availability systems. More recently Joe wrote Programming Erlang: Software for a Concurrent World. He currently works for Ericsson AB where he uses Erlang to build highly fault-tolerant switching systems.
DDJ: Joe, what's unique about Erlang as a language? Why do we need a language like it?
JA: Erlang is a concurrent functional programming language. Basically there are two models of concurrency:
- Shared state concurrency
- Message passing concurrency
Virtually all language use shared state concurrency. This is very difficult and leads to terrible problems when you handle failure and scale up the system.
Erlang uses pure message passing concurrency. Very few languages do this. Making things scalable and fault-tolerant is relatively easy.
Erlang is built on the ideas of:
- Share nothing. (Process cannot share data in any way. Actually, this is not 100% true; there are some small exceptions.)
- Pure message passing. (Copy all data you need in the messages, no dangling pointers.)
- Crash detection and recovery. (Things will crash, so the best thing to do is let them crash and recover afterwards.)
Erlang processes are very lightweight (lighter than threads) and the Erlang system supports hundreds of thousands of processes.
It was designed to build highly fault-tolerant systems. Ericsson has managed to achieve nine 9's reliability [99.9999999%] using Erlang in a product called the AXD301. [Editor's Note: According to Philip Wadler, the AXD301 has 1.7 million lines of Erlang, making it the largest functional program ever written.]
DDJ: So are programmers really using Erlang in the real world, or is it solely of academic interest?
JA: Absolutely. Commercial use is far greater than academic. It was developed at the Ericsson Computer Science Lab for building fault-tolerant systems. It's used by Ericsson in a number of products.
Outside of Ericsson, Erlang is used by a number of start-ups for building high-performance servers. Most notably ejabberd which is a jabber server. This is probably the best featured and fastest free jabber server on the market, it's being used as a back-end in a lot of products.
Some pretty fast-moving startups in the financial world have latched onto Erlang; for example, the Swedish www.kreditor.se. Erlang gives them a great commercial advantage over their competitors.
DDJ: It seems that, what with multi-core processors and the like, we're rapidly approaching the day of commodity parallelization. When you designed Erlang in the 1980s, did you ever expect parallel systems would be a commodity, or did you see it as primarily a language for high-performance computing only?
JA: It was never a language for high-performance computing. It was a language for building fault-tolerant distributed systems. Ericsson has always used parallel hardware in its switching products -- right from the AXE in the mid 1970s. There is a "school" of parallel programming inside Ericsson. Erlang is the third language in a progression of languages: PLEX -> Eri-Pascal -> Erlang.
The Erlang philosophy was always to build system with lots of cheap processors and allow them to fail. We don't prevent failure; we live with it and recover when failures occur. That's what Erlang was designed to do. That's why there is "no shared state". Shared state and failure are ill-suited bed-fellows.
Today multi-cores are really like "distributed system on a chip" with very high-speed message passing. Since we have share-nothing and concurrency, Erlang programs map beautifully onto multi-cores. Ericsson is shipping products on dual-cores that run virtually twice as fast as the uni-cores with only tiny changes to the code.
DDJ: In addition to your book Programming Erlang, can you point readers to websites where they can find out more about this most interesting programming language?
JA: Yes, there is the Open Source Erlang site at www.erlang.org which, among other things, includes the full source code of the current Erlang system. Then there is the Erlang community site at www.trapexit.org.


text:
This proceeding is available on CD-ROM
- Location:
- Orlando, Florida
- Coordinators:
- Paul Rinaldo, W4RI
Gwyn Reedy, W1BEL
- Hosted by:
- American Radio Relay League (ARRL)
5th Computer Networking Conference
March 9th, 1986
- RF, RF, Where is My High Speed RF?
by Terry Fox, WB4JFI
- Abstract: This paper presents some thoughts of where we are now an where we are heading in the RF hardware evolution of Amateur packet radio. It may be a disappointment to some in that it raises more questions than it answers. I feel it is vital to raise these questions now, since this is where we need the most work.
- A High-Speed RF Modem
by Chuck Phillips, N4EZV, and Andre Kesteloot, N4ICR
- Abstract: This paper will describe the approach followed by several members of the Amateur Radio Research and Development Corporation (AMRAD) to design a high-speed RF modem. Another paper, presented to this Conference in the form of an Application Note, describes the actual circuitry used to generate phase-coherent FSK.
- An Application Note Describing a High-Speed Phase-Coherent FSK Generator
by Andre Kesteloot, N4ICK
- Abstract: This application note is a companion paper to the one entitled "A High-Speed RF Modem' also being presented to this conference. It describes a phase-coherent FSK generator built entirely with readily-available components and requiring only a frequency counter for set-up.
- FSK Methods for PACSAT Communication
by M. S. Hodgart and Jeffrey W. Ward, GO/K8KA
- Abstract: The authors propose that PACSAT employ several 9600-bit/s noncoherent FSK uplinks and a 9600-bit/s coherent FFSK downlink. This combination of modulation schemes provides for simple groundstation transmitters, groundstation demodulators of several classes of complexity, and staged development of space-rated systems. A research plan is identified which will result in simple spacecraft systems being available quickly and optimised spacecraft systems being developed as time permits. Areas for further study, resulting in 1.5:1 increase in bit rate with no increase in signalling bandwidth, are discussed.
- A Packet Controller for the Revolution
by Lyle Johnson, WA7GXD
- Abstract: Overview of the beginning of the TAPR TNC 2 project.
- TNC 2 Parameter Settings and Meanings
by Thomas A. Moulton, W2VY
- Abstract: This paper will describe the command set for the TNC 2 and help the reader set the parameter values.
- Link Level Protocols Revisited
by Phil Karn, KA9Q, and Brian Lloyd, WB6RQN
- Abstract:
The LAPB protocol on which the connected mode of AX.25 is based was
originally designed for point-to-point wire links, not shared
multiple-access radio channels. This paper discusses the deficiencies of
LAPB in the radio environment and suggests several improvements.
These include the simple (adjusting existing TNC
parameters), the moderate (upward compatible implementation changes) and the
radical (replacing LAPB altogether with a simpler and inherently much more
efficient protocol).
We believe that these approaches deserve serious attention by the amateur packet community. The suggested AX.25 congestion control techniques should be used as soon as possible in existing networks, while the new "ACK-ACK" protocol should be considered in the design of backbone networks and eventually user-network links.
- Performance Enhancements for the Amateur Packet Network
by J. Gordon Beattie, Jr., N2DSY, and Thomas A. Moulton, W2VY
- Abstract:
For several years the amateur packet
network has been using a link level
networking system based on
"digipeaters". This system has allowed
the user community to expand rapdily.
As the packet mode has increased in
popularity, many problems have
developed that have caused the users
some inconvenience. It is the feeling
of the authors that the degraded
performance levels found on the amateur
packet network are largely due to the
simplistic digipeater network approach.
- This system has also forced users to provide control mechanisms in relative isolation. This has had the effect of reducing reliability and performance. An X.25 level 3 packet switch can provide improvements in the areas of retransmission, routing, addressing, quality of service negotiation, access mangement and data flow control.
- We will examine these areas, showing how a small but intelligent packet switch can improve user operations and network performance. While discussing the enhancement of switching facilities we will also explore some of the user features and facilities available or planned for the network.
- This system has also forced users to provide control mechanisms in relative isolation. This has had the effect of reducing reliability and performance. An X.25 level 3 packet switch can provide improvements in the areas of retransmission, routing, addressing, quality of service negotiation, access mangement and data flow control.
- The PacketMaster Packet System for CP/M and DOS Computers
by Bernie Mans, AA4CG
- Abstract: This paper outlines the Packetmaster system, a flexible packet program and simple peripheral hardware to add AX.25 to the repertoire of the personal cornputer. The advantages of the peripheral approach over the serial nethod are the enumerated later in this paper.
- SAREX2 Software for the Tucson Amateur Packet Radio Terminal Node Controller, TNC 2
by Howard Goldstein, N2WX
- Abstract: The custom modifications of the Tucson Amateur Packet Radio TNC 2 software for the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment 2 (SAREX2), and the associated operating modes (robot, meta beacon, logging functions) are discussed.
- Features of the VADCG TNC+
by Douglas Lockhart, VE7APU
- Abstract: This paper describes the features and design philosophy of the new VADCG TNC+ (TNC plus) terminal node controller which is the second TNC produced by the Vancouver Amateur Digital Communications Group (VADCG). The TNC+ has many unique features not found on the current TNCs being marketed. These features facilitate amateur packet radio software development and dissemination and permit the interested user to learn about the detailed operation of the TNC and various protocols. The VADCG TNC+ is an 'open' system as opposed to a 'black box' system.
- The Network User Interface
by David W. Borden, K8MMO
- Abstract: This paper discusses the user interface, the way the human operator interacts with the amateur digital network using their Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD) or older Terminal Node Controller (TNC). In this day of increasing features and networking, the packet radio user is expected to remember more and more commands to communicate on the amateur radio packet network. The user desires more and more features and vet wants to keep it simple. The past two years has seen more and more TNCs come on the market, but no standardization of user commands. Now that software is starting to appear to transform these TNCs into Packet Assembler/Dissamblers (PADs), the time is here to make this right, to standardize the user interface using X.3 and X.28 protocols.
- Amateur Network Addressing and Routing
by Terry Fox, WB4JFI
- Abstract: Now that we have actual packet switches on the air, it is time to take a hard look at the addressing and routing schemes proposed for use at the Network Layer. In this this paper I give my imDression of how I believe addressing and routing will evolve. I will also recommena the use of certain "direction implicit" addresses as an interim step of Network address and routing operation.
- Proposal: Recommendation AX.121, International Numbering Plan
for the Amateur Radio Network
by J. Gordon Beattie, Jr., N2DSY, and Thomas A. Moulton, W2VY
- Abstract: The purpose of this International Numbering Plan is to facilitate the introduction of amateur data networks and provide for internetworking on a worldwide basis.
- A Packet Assembler/Disassembler for Amateur Packet Radio Networking
by Howard Goldstein, N2WX
- Abstract: This paper describes the operation of the prototype Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD) function within the Tucson Amateur Packet Radio TNC 2 the author installed at a tall tower site near Melbourne, Florida. PADs are usually considered to be devices which interface "dumb" asmchronous terminals to pacKet switched networKs. The prototype TNC 2 PAD performs this function for remote users on the AX.75 network of which it is part, while at the same time enabling a new method of establishing non-level three connections which offers improved performance over "digipeated" connections using the same path.
- A Networking Node Controller for Amateur Packet Radio
by Lyle Johnson, WA7GXD
- Abstract:
Perceiving the need for a standardlzed
hardware environment for developing, testing and implementing Amateur packet
radio network and transport level protocols, the
author, under the auspices of Tucson Amateur Packet Radio (TAPR), conducted a
three month discussion with leading packeteers in the United States during
the summer of 1985. The intent was to define
the hardware desired in a controller that
would be suited to this task. Having
reached a general consensus, a system was
designed which incorporated most of the
suggestions of the group.
- The resulting system, the TAPR Network Node Controller (NNC), is currently in its third hardware revision. It is expected to be placed in the field during the second quarter of 1986 for software development.
- This paper describes the features of the NNC that make it a logical choice upon which to build an Amateur packet switching system.
- The resulting system, the TAPR Network Node Controller (NNC), is currently in its third hardware revision. It is expected to be placed in the field during the second quarter of 1986 for software development.
- Authentication of the Packet Radio Switch Control Link
by Hal Feinstein, WB3KDU
- Abstract:
This paper discusses the design of a simple
authentication method which is applied to a
remotely sited packet radio switch. The control
path to the packet radio switch is a very high
freauency (VHF) radio channel which is easily
monitored and accesed. Such ease of access
requires that only authorized control stations be
permitted to issue switch control and maintenance
- The authentication design discussed in this raper provides three functions: (a) positive identification of the switch and control operator, (b) safeguard message streams flowing between switch and control operator, and (c) rapid identification and rejection of false or manipulated messages.
- This paper is divided into four sections. The first section contains a brief overview of packet radio techniques. The second section aiscusses assumntions concerning the radio environment in which the packet radio switch operates. This envirnoment is characterized by unreliable radio path as well as occasional spoofing and malicious interference. In the third section we discuss the actions of each of the protocola four procedures and the make-up of its data construct. Section three also constains a discussion of the cryptographic considerations upon which this protocol is based. Lastly, in the appendix we describe an experimental one-way cipher based on a random program technique whicn we hope to incorporate into future versions of the radio packet switch.
- The authentication design discussed in this raper provides three functions: (a) positive identification of the switch and control operator, (b) safeguard message streams flowing between switch and control operator, and (c) rapid identification and rejection of false or manipulated messages.
- Packet Switch Software Design Considerations
by Terry Fox, WB4JFI
- Abstract:
Toward the end of 1985, a new device showed
up on Amateur Packet Radio, the packet switch.
Soon, the packet switch will be replacing
digipeaters around the country, giving more
reliable (if slower) operation of the overall
network. The first switches have been based on
TAPR TNC-2 hardware, and therefore are somewhat
limited. An accompanying paper describes what
tvpes of hardware the author sees bein used in
the future (both near and down the road for the
switches. This paper will explain the uthor's
view of how the switch software should be
- This paper will not provide actual switch code, but rather indicate where progress is being made, and where help is needed. Also, wherever possible, I cite Protocols and Standards I believe should be implemented.
- User and Switch Packet Digital Hardware
by Terry Fox, WB4JFI
- Abstract: There has been a lot of activity in the area of digital hardware for Amateur packet radio in the last year. I see this trend continuing over the next few years. This paper describes some of the present packet digital hardware, and gives some of my thoughts on what we will be using in the future, both for the "TNC" and the network devices.
- An Introduction to the Hub Operating System
by Mike O'Dell, KB4RGM
- Abstract: The AMRAD switch marsk a significant departure in the evolution of Amateur packet radio. This paper describes the HUB operating system.
- Proposal: Recommendation AX.224, Class 1, Transport Protocol
Specification for the Amateur Radio Network
by J. Gordon Beattie,Jr., N2DSY, and Thomas A. Moulton, W2VY
- Abstract:
The amateur packet network provides a reliable service in that it
is relatively free from undetected bit errors. It does, however,
have a relatively high rate of lost connections. This problem
can be resolved through the implementation of a TRANSPORT
PROTOCOL. This is not to suggest that all applications require a
TRANSPORT PROTOCOL. In situations where end-to-end data and
connection integrity are important, one must use a TRANSPORT
PROTOCOL to provide error control.
- Recognizing that there are many options available to the community, we the RADIO AMATEUR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY, felt that there had to be a single defined protocol available to the broadest possible user base. To achieve this we examined several protocols and determined that the one most appropriate for amateur service was CCITT Recommendation X.224, Class 1. This protocol was chosen for its applicability, simplicity, expandability, and international acceptance.
- It is hereby proposed by the members of the RADIO AMATEUR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY that this basic subset of CCITT Recommendation X.224 be adopted by the amateur packet community as the preferred transport protocol.
- Recognizing that there are many options available to the community, we the RADIO AMATEUR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY, felt that there had to be a single defined protocol available to the broadest possible user base. To achieve this we examined several protocols and determined that the one most appropriate for amateur service was CCITT Recommendation X.224, Class 1. This protocol was chosen for its applicability, simplicity, expandability, and international acceptance.
- Cryptography in Amateur Radio Communications
by Robert M. Richardson, W4UCH
- Abstract: Some fascinating similarities between the art and science of cryptography and the amateur radio avocation, especially in the area of digital communications are discussed.
- The UO-ll DCE Message Store-and-Forward System
by Harold E. Price, NK6K and Jeff Ward, G0/K8KA
- Abstract:
The Digital Communications Experiment (DCE)
onboard the UoSAT-Oscar-ll spacecraft
recently began a new phase of regular
operations. Development and installation
of enhanced store-and-forward message
transfer software (MSG2) - capable of 200-kbytes transatlantic data transfer
per day - is the second plateau in the DCE
experimental program. This program is
designed to gain experience with computer-based message systems in low earth
- The DCE is the first orbiting store-and-forward device to carry general amateur traffic on a continuing basis. The drafts for this paper were developed and edited by the collaborators in the USA and the UK using the spacecraft as the only means of communications.
- This paper provides information on the capabilities and the design of this system as well as some background information on ihe UoSAT-OSCAR 11 spacecraft.
- The DCE is the first orbiting store-and-forward device to carry general amateur traffic on a continuing basis. The drafts for this paper were developed and edited by the collaborators in the USA and the UK using the spacecraft as the only means of communications.
- Automated Traffic Handling Assistance
by David Cheek, WA5MWD
- Abstract: Packet radio presents an opportunity to improve speed and accuracy of message handling. Speed is often limited by the typing speed of the operators. The accuracy is assured during transmission, but is only useful if the message is correctly entered into the message handling system. The normal limits to message handling include a lack of fully qualified operators, and inability to use untrained people during special situations such as disaster events. A method I have used to improve both of these is keystroke reduction.
- Packet Radio Demonstrations as a Supplement to Classroom Instruction
in Telecommunications
by Robert J. Diersing, N5AHD
- Abstract: During the past year the author has had the opportunity to use packet radio hardware and operations to demonstrate concepts taught in telecommunications courses at an upper- level university. This article provides a brief discussion of how this was accomplished. A description of the courses and their intended audience has been included.
- Outline of Satellite JAS-l
by Fujio Yamashita, JSlUKR
- Abstract:
The first Japanese satellite, JAS-l,
is schedu1ed to be 1aunched in ]986 by
Japanese H-l rocket. A special feature
of JAS-1 is its digital transponder with
memory, in addition to a normal analog
transponder. It wil1 be possible to
upload digital messages into the transponder memory,
and the messages will be
relayed to someone with the appropriate
access code (e.g. callsign). In this way,
JAS-1 will be able to carry messages (on a
store and forward rather than real-time
basis) between amateurs anywhere in the
- Two birds of JAS-1 were comp1eted in the fall of 1985 and all necessary testing was carried out and certified that the characteristics of satellite were no problem. The cost for constructing this satel1ite is about 400 mil1ion yen (US$ 1. 6 million).
Appendix 1: What's All This Racket about Packet? (reprint of article in July 1985 QST)
by Harold E. Price, NK6K
Appendix 2: A Closer Look at Packet Radio (reprint of article in August 1985 QST)
by Harold E. Price, NK6K


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The valentine face of a barn owl is not just for decoration. It actually helps him find dinner.
No results found in Creation on Display.
This issue clears up ten common misconceptions about the Flood. Also discover the most profound evidence for creation on the planet.Browse Issue Subscribe
Answers in Genesis is an apologetics ministry, dedicated to helping Christians defend their faith and proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ.


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Meet the originators of SANITY, a collaboration dedicated to getting students out of the classroom and into nature.
Margaret Wilch is a science teacher at Tucson High Magnet School. Katrina Mangin is the director of Science Education Outreach at the University of Arizona.
With the pressure to memorize scientific formulas, theories, and terms, it's easy for students to lose sight of how those concepts were discovered in the first place -- through hands-on scientific research, in the field or in the laboratory.
Taking science out of textbooks and back into nature is the fundamental concept behind SANITY, which stands for "Science and Nature in Tandem for Youth". It was co-founded in 2006 by Margaret Wilch, a biology teacher at Tucson High Magnet School, and Katrina Mangin, the director of Science Education Outreach at the University of Arizona.
Tucson High science students are immersed in independent research projects that take them across the street to work in University of Arizona science laboratories. In coordination with a research methods course, students also have the opportunity to attend a two-week summer field research experience in the Chiricahua Mountains.
Margaret and Katrina also discuss how empowering young inquisitive high school students with scientific research tools and concepts can be the catalyst for future academic success.
Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at the University of Arizona Tucson Values Teachers
To hear more stories, visit the Teachers' Voices archive.
(Funding for the production of Teachers' Voices is provided by Wells Fargo and the University of Arizona College of Education. The series is produced by Matt Felix for Arizona Spotlight.)


text:
Date(s): 04/08/2017 Time: 11:00 am - 11:30 am
The newly restored Cossak 20-stamp Ore Mill will be running today. When you hear the old steam whistle blow, you have 5 minutes to get up to the mill. There is no charge for this demonstration.
Event Location: Superstition Mountain Museum
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