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NEW YORK (AP) Nick Doscher passed for two touchdowns and ran for another Saturday and Wagner stopped Colgate 31-20 in a first-round Football Championship Subdivision playoff game.
The Seahawks (9-3), Northeast Conference champions and winners of nine straight, held the Raiders (8-4) to 296 yards. The Patriot League champions were averaging 503.7 per game.
A season-high five turnovers hurt Colgate. Wagner's first score, a 17-yard Doscher pass to Anthony Carrington, came on the first play after intercepting a Gavin McCarney pass. Colgate's first three second-half possessions ended in two McCarney fumbles and an interception.
Doscher, who completed 11 of 19 for 95 yards and carried 18 times for 91, including a 13-yard touchdown, has thrown 210 consecutive passes without an interception.
McCarney and running back Jordan McCord, who shared the FCS lead in touchdowns with 22 each, ran for one apiece.
Wagner travels to Eastern Washington for a second-round game Dec. 1.


text: Sijun Forums :: View topic - Final Fight: Double Impact Log in to check your private messages Sijun Forums Forum Index >> Gallery/Finished Work View previous topic :: View next topic Author Topic : "Final Fight: Double Impact" g a m m o nmemberMember #Joined: 15 Jul 2003Posts: 55 Posted: Fri Feb 05, 2010 9:21 pm Hey guys dunno if any of you knew about the recent Final Fight: Double Impact coloring contest Capcom was holding but it's finally finished and now voting has begun! I luckily made it into the top 5 and I would like to know how you guys feel! Mind you, I only did the colors, Alvin Lee did the line art. If you guys are interested in voting (voting ends the 8th, be quick!), here are some directions! AND don't vote for me just 'cuz this is my post, vote for who you guys are feelin'. You can see the other entrants here and vote. But you may have to register at Capcom-Unity first. Kinda lame and annoying... Here is my entry! Back to top Tranchefeuxjunior memberMember #Joined: 09 Feb 2010Posts: 14 Posted: Tue Feb 09, 2010 5:25 am Super !!! Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Sijun Forums Forum Index -> Gallery/Finished Work All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Digital Art----------------Digital Art DiscussionWork in ProgressGallery/Finished Work Miscellaneous----------------Random MusingsArchive : Sep99 - Dec00 You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum Powered by phpBB © 2005 phpBB Group

subset: commoncrawl


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The International Telecommunication Union estimated that mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide would reach approximately 4.1 billion by the end of 2008 and mobile phones are starting to reach the bottom of the economic pyramid.
History Edit
Analog Motorola DynaTAC 8000X Advanced Mobile Phone System mobile phone as of 1983In 1908, U.S. Patent 887,357 for a wireless telephone was issued in to Nathan B. Stubblefield of Murray, Kentucky. He applied this patent to "cave radio" telephones and not directly to cellular telephony as the term is currently understood.[3] Cells for mobile phone base stations were invented in 1947 by Bell Labs engineers at AT&T and further developed by Bell Labs during the 1960s. Radiophones have a long and varied history going back to Reginald Fessenden's invention and shore-to-ship demonstration of radio telephony, through the Second World War with military use of radio telephony links and civil services in the 1950s, while hand-held cellular radio devices have been available since 1973. A patent for the first wireless phone as we know today was issued in US Patent Number 3,449,750 to George Sweigert of Euclid, Ohio on June 10, 1969.
In 1945, the zero generation (0G) of mobile telephones was introduced. Like other technologies of the time, it involved a single, powerful base station covering a wide area, and each telephone would effectively monopolize a channel over that whole area while in use. The concepts of frequency reuse and handoff, as well as a number of other concepts that formed the basis of modern cell phone technology, are first described in U.S. Patent 4,152,647, issued May 1, 1979 to Charles A. Gladden and Martin H. Parelman, both of Las Vegas, Nevada and assigned by them to the United States Government.
This is the first embodiment of all the concepts that formed the basis of the next major step in mobile telephony, the Analog cellular telephone. Concepts covered in this patent (cited in at least 34 other patents) also were later extended to several satellite communication systems. Later updating of the cellular system to a digital system credits this patent.
Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive is widely considered to be the inventor of the first practical mobile phone for hand-held use in a non-vehicle setting. Cooper is the inventor named on "Radio telephone system" filed on October 17, 1973 with the US Patent Office and later issued as US Patent 3,906,166.[4] Using a modern, if somewhat heavy portable handset, Cooper made the first call on a hand-held mobile phone on April 3, 1973 to a rival, Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.
The first commercial citywide cellular network was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979. Fully automatic cellular networks were first introduced in the early to mid 1980s (the 1G generation). The Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system went online in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1981.
Personal Handy-phone System mobiles and modems used in Japan around 1997-2003In 1983, Motorola DynaTAC was the first approved mobile phone by FCC in the United States. In 1984, Bell Labs developed modern commercial cellular technology (based, to a large extent, on the Gladden, Parelman Patent), which employed multiple, centrally controlled base stations (cell sites), each providing service to a small area (a cell). The cell sites would be set up such that cells partially overlapped. In a cellular system, a signal between a base station (cell site) and a terminal (phone) only need be strong enough to reach between the two, so the same channel can be used simultaneously for separate conversations in different cells.
Cellular systems required several leaps of technology, including handover, which allowed a conversation to continue as a mobile phone traveled from cell to cell. This system included variable transmission power in both the base stations and the telephones (controlled by the base stations), which allowed range and cell size to vary. As the system expanded and neared capacity, the ability to reduce transmission power allowed new cells to be added, resulting in more, smaller cells and thus more capacity. The evidence of this growth can still be seen in the many older, tall cell site towers with no antennae on the upper parts of their towers. These sites originally created large cells, and so had their antennae mounted atop high towers; the towers were designed so that as the system expanded—and cell sizes shrank—the antennae could be lowered on their original masts to reduce range.
A 1991 GSM mobile phoneThe first "modern" network technology on digital 2G (second generation) cellular technology was launched by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Group) in 1991 in Finland on the GSM standard which also marked the introduction of competition in mobile telecoms when Radiolinja challenged incumbent Telecom Finland (now part of TeliaSonera) who ran a 1G NMT network.
The first data services appeared on mobile phones starting with person-to-person SMS text messaging in Finland in 1993. First trial payments using a mobile phone to pay for a Coca Cola vending machine were set in Finland in 1998. The first commercial payments were mobile parking trialled in Sweden but first commercially launched in Norway in 1999. The first commercial payment system to mimic banks and credit cards was launched in the Philippines in 1999 simultaneously by mobile operators Globe and Smart. The first content sold to mobile phones was the ringing tone, first launched in 1998 in Finland. The first full internet service on mobile phones was i-Mode introduced by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 1999.
In 2001 the first commercial launch of 3G (Third Generation) was again in Japan by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard.[7]
Until the early 1990s, following introduction of the Motorola MicroTAC, most mobile phones were too large to be carried in a jacket pocket, so they were typically installed in vehicles as car phones. With the miniaturization of digital components and the development of more sophisticated batteries, mobile phones have become smaller and lighter.
Handsets Edit
A printed circuit board inside a mobile phoneThere are several categories of mobile phones, from basic phones to feature phones such as musicphones and cameraphones, to smartphones. The first smartphone was the Nokia 9000 Communicator in 1996 which incorporated PDA functionality to the basic mobile phone at the time. As miniaturisation and increased processing power of microchips has enabled ever more features to be added to phones, the concept of the smartphone has evolved, and what was a high-end smartphone five years ago, is a standard phone today. Several phone series have been introduced to address a given market segment, such as the RIM BlackBerry focusing on enterprise/corporate customer email needs; the SonyEricsson Walkman series of musicphones and Cybershot series of cameraphones; the Nokia N-Series of multimedia phones; and the Apple iPhone which provides full-featured web access and multimedia capabilities.
Features Edit
Mobile phones often have features beyond sending text messages and making voice calls, including call registers, GPS navigation, music (MP3) and video (MP4) playback, RDS radio receiver, alarms, memo and document recording, personal organiser and personal digital assistant functions, ability to watch streaming video or download video for later viewing, video calling, built-in cameras (3.2+ Mpx) and camcorders (video recording), with autofocus and flash, ringtones, games, PTT, memory card reader (SD), USB (2.0), infrared, Bluetooth (2.0) and WiFi connectivity, instant messaging, Internet e-mail and browsing and serving as a wireless modem for a PC, and soon will also serve as a console of sorts to online games and other high quality games.
Some phones include a touchscreen.
The largest categories of mobile services are music, picture downloads, videogaming, adult entertainment, gambling, video/TV.
Nokia and the University of Cambridge are showing off a bendable cell phone called Morph.[8]
Applications Edit
Mobile phone subscribers per 100 inhabitants 1997-2007The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging, with 74% of all mobile phone users as active users (over 2.4 billion out of 3.3 billion total subscribers at the end of 2007). SMS text messaging was worth over 100 billion dollars in annual revenues in 2007 and the worldwide average of messaging use is 2.6 SMS sent per day per person across the whole mobile phone subscriber base. (source Informa 2007). The first SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993.
The other non-SMS data services used by mobile phones were worth 31 Billion dollars in 2007, and were led by mobile music, downloadable logos and pictures, gaming, gambling, adult entertainment and advertising (source: Informa 2007). The first downloadable mobile content was sold to a mobile phone in Finland in 1998, when Radiolinja (now Elisa) introduced the downloadable ringing tone service. In 1999 Japanese mobile operator NTT DoCoMo introduced its mobile internet service, i-Mode, which today is the world's largest mobile internet service and roughly the same size as Google in annual revenues.
The first mobile news service, delivered via SMS, was launched in Finland in 2000. Mobile news services are expanding with many organisations providing "on-demand" news services by SMS. Some also provide "instant" news pushed out by SMS. Mobile telephony also facilitates activism and public journalism being explored by Reuters and Yahoo![9] and small independent news companies such as Jasmine News in Sri Lanka.
Companies like Monster.com are starting to offer mobile services such as job search and career advice. Consumer applications are on the rise and include everything from information guides on local activities and events to mobile coupons and discount offers one can use to save money on purchases. Even tools for creating websites for mobile phones are increasingly becoming available.
Mobile payments were first trialled in Finland in 1998 when two Coca-Cola vending machines in Espoo were enabled to work with SMS payments. Eventually the idea spread and in 1999 the Philippines launched the first commercial mobile payments systems, on the mobile operators Globe and Smart. Today mobile payments ranging from mobile banking to mobile credit cards to mobile commerce are very widely used in Asia and Africa, and in selected European markets. For example in the Philippines it is not unusual to have one's entire paycheck paid to the mobile account. In Kenya the limit of money transfers from one mobile banking account to another is one million US dollars. In India paying utility bills with mobile gains a 5% discount. In Estonia the government found criminals collecting cash parking fees, so the government declared that only mobile payments via SMS were valid for parking and today all parking fees in Estonia are handled via mobile and the crime involved in the activity has vanished.
Mobile Applications are developed using the Six M's (previously Five M's) service-development theory created by the author Tomi Ahonen with Joe Barrett of Nokia and Paul Golding of Motorola. The Six M's are Movement (location), Moment (time), Me (personalization), Multi-user (community), Money (payments) and Machines (automation). The Six M's / Five M's theory is widely referenced in the telecoms applications literature and used by most major industry players. The first book to discuss the theory was Services for UMTS by Ahonen & Barrett in 2002.
Power supply Edit
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (February 2009)
Mobile phone charging service in UgandaMobile phones generally obtain power from batteries, which can be recharged from a USB port, from portable batteries, from mains power or a cigarette lighter socket in a car using an adapter (often called battery charger or wall wart) or from a solar panel or a dynamo (that can also use a USB port to plug the phone).
On 17 February 2009, the GSM Association announced[10] that they had agreed on a standard charger for mobile phones. The standard connector to be adopted by 17 manufacturers including Nokia, Motorola and Samsung is to be the micro-USB connector (several media reports erroneously reported this as the mini-USB). The new chargers will be much more efficient than existing chargers. Having a standard charger for all phones, means that manufacturers will no longer have to supply a charger with every new phone.
Formerly, the most common form of mobile phone batteries were nickel metal-hydride, as they have a low size and weight. Lithium-Ion batteries are sometimes used, as they are lighter and do not have the voltage depression that nickel metal-hydride batteries do. Many mobile phone manufacturers have now switched to using lithium-Polymer batteries as opposed to the older Lithium-Ion, the main advantages of this being even lower weight and the possibility to make the battery a shape other than strict cuboid. Mobile phone manufacturers have been experimenting with alternative power sources, including solar cells.
SIM card Edit
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (February 2009)
Typical mobile phone SIM cardIn addition to the battery, GSM mobile phones require a small microchip, called a Subscriber Identity Module or SIM Card, to function. Approximately the size of a small postage stamp, the SIM Card is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit, and (when properly activated) stores the phone's configuration data, and information about the phone itself, such as which calling plan the subscriber is using. When the subscriber removes the SIM Card, it can be re-inserted into another phone and used as normal.
Each SIM Card is activated by use of a unique numerical identifier; once activated, the identifier is locked down and the card is permanently locked in to the activating network. For this reason, most retailers refuse to accept the return of an activated SIM Card.
Those cell phones that do not use a SIM Card have the data programmed in to their memory. This data is accessed by using a special digit sequence to access the "NAM" as in "Name" or number programming menu. From here, one can add information such as a new number for your phone, new Service Provider numbers, new emergency numbers, change their Authentication Key or A-Key code, and update their Preferred Roaming List or PRL. However, to prevent someone from accidentally disabling their phone or removing it from the network, the Service Provider puts a lock on this data called a Master Subsidiary Lock or MSL.
The MSL also ensures that the Service Provider gets payment for the phone that was purchased or "leased". For example, the Motorola RAZR V9C costs upwards of CAD $500. You can get one for approximately $200, depending on the carrier. The difference is paid by the customer in the form of a monthly bill. If the carrier did not use a MSL, then they may lose the $300–$400 difference that is paid in the monthly bill, since some customers would cancel their service and take the phone to another carrier.
The MSL applies to the SIM only so once the contract has been completed the MSL still applies to the SIM. The phone however, is also initially locked by the manufacturer into the Service Providers MSL. This lock may be disabled so that the phone can use other Service Providers SIM cards. Most phones purchased outside the US are unlocked phones because there are numerous Service Providers in close proximity to one another or have overlapping coverage. The cost to unlock a phone varies but is usually very cheap and is sometimes provided by independent phone vendors.
Having an unlocked phone is extremely useful for travelers due to the high cost of using the MSL Service Providers access when outside the normal coverage areas. It can cost sometimes up to 10 times as much to use a locked phone overseas as in the normal service area, even with discounted rates. T-Mobile will provide a SIM unlock code to account holders in good standing after 90 days according to their FAQ.
For example, in Jamaica, an AT&T subscriber might pay in excess of US$1.65 per minute for discounted international service while a B-Mobile (Jamaican) customer would pay US$0.20 per minute for the same international service. Some Service Providers focus sales on international sales while others focus on regional sales. For example, the same B-Mobile customer might pay more for local calls but less for international calls than a subscriber to the Jamaican national phone C&W (Cable & Wireless) company. These rate differences are mainly due to currency variations because SIM purchases are made in the local currency. In the US, this type of service competition does not exist because some of the major Service Providers do not offer Pay-As-You-Go services.
Market Edit
Mobile phone manufacturers' market share in Q3/2008In Q3/2008, Nokia was the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones, with a global device market share of 39.4%, followed by Samsung (17.3%), Sony Ericsson (8.6%), Motorola (8.5%) and LG Electronics (7.7%). These manufacturers accounted for over 80% of all mobile phones sold at that time.[11]
Other manufacturers include Apple Inc., Audiovox (now UTStarcom), Benefon, BenQ-Siemens, CECT, High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC), Fujitsu, Kyocera, Mitsubishi Electric, NEC, Neonode, Panasonic, Palm, Matsushita, Pantech Wireless Inc., Philips, Qualcomm Inc., Research in Motion Ltd. (RIM), Sagem, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, Sendo, Sierra Wireless, SK Teletech, T&A Alcatel, Huawei, Trium and Toshiba.[citation needed] There are also specialist communication systems related to (but distinct from) mobile phones.
Media Edit
The mobile phone became a mass media channel in 1998 when the first ringing tones were sold to mobile phones by Radiolinja in Finland. Soon other media content appeared such as news, videogames, jokes, horoscopes, TV content and advertising. In 2006 the total value of mobile phone paid media content exceeded internet paid media content and was worth 31 Billion dollars (source Informa 2007). The value of music on phones was worth 9.3 Billion dollars in 2007 and gaming was worth over 5 billion dollars in 2007 (source Netsize Guide 2008).
The mobile phone is often called the Fourth Screen (if counting cinema, TV and PC screens as the first three) or Third Screen (counting only TV and PC screens). It is also called the Seventh of the Mass Media (with Print, Recordings, Cinema, Radio, TV and Internet the first six). Most early content for mobile tended to be copies of legacy media, such as the banner advertisement or the TV news highlight video clip. Recently unique content for mobile has been emerging, from the ringing tones and ringback tones in music to "mobisodes," video content that has been produced exclusively for mobile phones.
The advent of media on the mobile phone has also produced the opportunity to identify and track Alpha Users or Hubs, the most influential members of any social community. AMF Ventures measured in 2007 the relative accuracy of three mass media, and found that audience measures on mobile were nine times more accurate than on the internet and 90 times more accurate than on TV.


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Pets Get Spiffy in the 'Well Dressed Animals' Tumblr
There's something about dressing nicely that puts that extra pep in our step. Wearing a spiffy suit or fancy dress gives us an extra oomph, and up until now, we were unaware that our fellow four-legged friends think so, too.
Are we claiming dogs like to be dapper and cats enjoy being chic? You betcha! The 'Well Dressed Animals' Tumblr features all sorts of animals costumed up in human garb to look extra handsome and beautiful. But considering animals are naked 24/7, we're pretty sure putting on any sort of clothes would be considered "dressing nicely".
We had no idea Corgis liked wearing monkey pajamas, pug puppies don preppy sweaters, and lady cats sport classy Hawaiian button-ups. But luckily for us, they do!
Check out our favorite spiffed-out animals below!


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For Immediate Release: April 23, 2009
Contacts: Michelle Jeffers (415) 557-4282 email@example.com
New Richmond/Senator Milton Marks Branch Library Opens May 16
Biggest Library renovation project includes additional space, a new program room, a dedicated teen area, beautiful landscaping and an enhanced 10th Avenue entrance
The Richmond District will come together to celebrate the re-opening of a neighborhood treasure, the newly renovated Richmond/Senator Milton Marks Branch Library, on May 16. Located at 351 Ninth Ave., the Richmond renovation is the largest project in the City's Branch Library Improvement Program and is opening ahead of schedule, bringing additional square footage, an increased collection of materials, a spacious new 10th Avenue lobby, a designed teen area and a large program/meeting room to the neighborhood Library.
The grand re-opening celebration will kick off with lion dancers and musicians in front of the renovated branch. Festivities begin at 1 p.m. Library services will start at 2 p.m. Ninth Avenue will be closed between Clement Street and Geary Boulevard to through traffic during the event. A ribbon cutting ceremony is planned with Mayor Gavin Newsom, City Librarian Luis Herrera, Supervisor Eric Mar, State Senator Mark Leno and other city and state officials.
"The Richmond Branch Library is among the most heavily used in the system and serves a vibrant and diverse community, so it is with great pleasure that we are re-opening this 95-year-old branch - the flagship of the Branch Library Improvement Program - restored to such grandeur," said City Librarian Luis Herrera. "The integration of new technology in the branch, along with its additional space and materials, will make it a haven for life-long learning, knowledge and recreation for generations to come."
This renovation project includes nearly 50 percent more space and provides for a complete renovation and restoration, including seismic upgrade, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) access improvements, energy-efficient building systems and technology upgrades, while retaining the historical integrity of this 1914 Carnegie landmark building. The addition will be able to support a significantly expanded collection of materials with more audiovisual and Chinese and Russian-language items. Other key aspects of the renovation include two new study rooms; additional public restrooms; a beautiful two-story atrium; and enhanced landscaping surrounding both sides of the branch including a new play structure on 10th Avenue.
The branch also includes new furniture and shelving, including the restoration and refurbishment of some of the historic wood furniture, an expanded collection of materials, a prominent newspaper and magazine area, more computers, and Wi-Fi access to the Internet. The renovation was designed by the Bureau of Architecture in the Department of Public Works.
Richmond is the 10th library project to be completed under the Branch Library Improvement Program, which is funded by a $105.9 million bond measure passed by voters in November 2000. The program is supporting the renovation of16 branch libraries and the construction of eight new library buildings around the City. Project costs totaled about $13.7 million. Richmond was one of two San Francisco branch libraries to receive funding for its renovation from the California Public Library Construction & Renovation Board. The Richmond Branch Library received $5.96 million from the state bond program and was the only Carnegie library funded. The branch, which serves an extremely diverse community, was chosen because of its critical requirement for seismic strengthening and expansion to meet user's needs.
Over the past two years, Friends of the San Francisco Public Library has been working in partnership with neighborhood residents and communities to raise funds, awareness and support for the branch improvements. Friends' Richmond District Libraries Campaign Committee contributed $500,000 towards the Richmond Branch renovations to pay for furnishings, fixtures and equipment-expenses not covered by the bond. The Richmond District Libraries Campaign Committee has raised $617,000 of their $1 million goal to pay for furniture, fixtures, and equipment for both the Richmond and Anza branch libraries. For more information on how to support the Richmond District Libraries Campaign, please contact Marian Chatfield-Taylor, 626-7512, ext. 103.
For more information about the Richmond/Senator Milton Marks Branch Library's opening celebration, please call (415) 557-4277, or visit sfpl.org.
Building better libraries for stronger communities.


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My first translation sprint
Posted by Priyanka Nag on 11:43 PM
#image source: google images
Being a newbie in the domain of localization, I needed help and guidance continuously from the other, more experienced ones. I shouldn't forget to thank Runa and Sayak, whom I kept on bothering with all major and minor issues. As we got along with the sprint, I got the flow of it and then work became all the more fun.We finally stopped at 4pm. Though can't actually say stopped. We departed from the IRC but with sufficient work in hand, which were to be passed over and communicated through emails.
This was probably one of my first constructive contributions to Mozilla (Firefox OS in particular) and feel really excited about it.
Would love many more of such sprints and next time, will surely want to be present personally in Red Hat's office just to get the trill and feel of it to a greater extent.


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While many cities and counties are looking at ways to increase revenues, which in many cases is justified, we in Hardeeville are taking an aggressive approach to reducing taxes.
We have not reduced services - in some cases we increased services - but more importantly we have reduced taxes to the tune of 6 mills for the 2012-13 fiscal years. Add to that we did not enact the authorized roll up for last year and the effective reduction in taxes approaches 14.82 mills.
Our sister agencies need to follow our example so that we can bring businesses and good development to our region. Hardeeville is willing to do its part, but everyone is going to have to help to improve the financial picture of the real Lowcountry.
Residential owners and business owners alike will benefit from the tax cuts and local option sales tax credits. There will be about a 5 percent reduction to business owners and a 6 percent total tax reduction to homeowners.
Granted it is not an easy thing to do, but to get the real low country moving we have to make these tough decisions.
I'm asking Jasper County and Ridgeland to join Hardeeville in reducing taxes.
Hardeeville mayor


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I've recently started using Amazon Glacier to store the backup of last resort of all my digital photos (I've discussed the motivation behind this on my other blog). While I think the idea of cold storage, and Glacier in particular, is great there is just one problem; Amazon don't provide a friendly user interface for Glacier. Glacier is part of the Amazon Web Service (AWS) framework, and as such is designed as a service around which other people can develop applications.
A quick web search will bring up links to quite a few different tools for using Glacier. I'm currently uploading my data using SAGU (the Simple Amazon Glacier Uploader). While SAGU does make uploading data to Glacier easy it has a number of shortcomings which the developer is working to address. I've proposed a couple of patches, but I'm also looking at implementing more useful functionality (for example, range based downloads are a must have feature if you want to keep the costs under control). While I'm hopping that some of the ideas I'm working on might be incorporated into SAGU, I'm currently developing them in a separate project which I'm calling CORPSE (which of course stands for COld stoRage backuP SoftwarE).
Even if CORPSE doesn't result in a full application, I'm using it to a) experiment with a number of Java libraries I've not used before (including AWS itself, Jackson, Flyway) and b) using git for version control. In the past I've always used a centralised version control system (be that CVS, PVCS or SVN), but the decentralised nature of git is intriguing and with a free account on GitHub I don't have anything to lose. I'm sure I'll mention CORPSE again on this blog in the future but if you want to take a look at what is there now or to follow development then you can find it in this GitHub project.


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The 2012 season finished with an amazing title run for the men and the women. First it was Karolina Winkowska, who upset the two world champions Bruna Kajiya and Gisela Pulido, by claiming her first world title in New Caledonia and then the incredible battle between Youri Zoon and Alex Pastor coming down to the last heat of the season to determine who will be champion. With all these riders returning in 2013 to battle for the world title and many challengers like Mark Jacobs, Alberto Rondina and up and comers like Liam Whaley, Patrick Blanc and Paul Serin, the quest for the 2013 PKRA world freestyle title is bound to be exciting.
The 2013 season will be marked by the new discipline of slalom and the return of wave events to the PKRA. The Morocco wave event will be open to all riders, giving the waves riders from all over the world a chance to show off their skills with the kiting world watching. The PKRA will also be holding many slalom events in 2013, this new high-speed slalom format will be very exciting to follow. All the action will be close to the beach, the riders will be close together and the action will be nonstop. The great thing about slalom is that it does not require the strict gear format of the racing and will be much more accessible to everyone.
The 2013 season will start off in Morocco, the lagoon and waves of Dakhla will be the perfect location for riders to gauge their progress in the off-season and surf a perfect point break. This event will show the world who the best freestylers and waves riders are at the beginning of 2013. The second stop of the season will be in windy Leucate for the Mondial du Vent. The strong winds of the Tramontane always provide a challenge for the riders and being in the south of France the competition always attracts all the top European riders. The third event will be the new Slalom Mini Kiteboard World Cup in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico; this event will be a great format to draw all the North American and South American talent of the racing world. The Fourth stop will be in Turkey for the Burn kite surfing World Cup, the focus of the event will be on the slalom discipline with a freestyle exhibition. The fifth destination will be the new destination of Sicily; the town of Marsala will host an event for the first time since the 2007 World Cup. The strong thermals, flat water and local scene will make this event one of the highlights of the year. Since the PKRA came 6 years ago, the lagoons of Marsala have become a top Italian destination, and will soon be as world famous as the Marsala wine.
The summer months will bring back our two staple events; the first one being the Beetles World Cup in Germany and the second the Fuerteventura Grand Slam. The PKRA Germany always has the biggest rider turnout with over a 100 riders registered at the spectacular 9 day event and village on the beach that brings thousands of spectators. Fuerteventura's strong wind at the midpoint of the season is a good testing ground for the riders. By the end of July we know which riders are contenders for the PKRA world title. The last events of the summer will be in Essaouira, Morocco with its strong side shore wind and waves and historical town and the new event in Egypt on the Red Sea. The Clearwater and perfect wind will make this event a perfect wrap up the summer before moving to the Asian and South Pacific events.
The final events of the season have not been confirmed yet but will be set up in the coming months. We are looking at the return of the Chinese event on the on the island of Hainai on the South China Sea , the perfect conditions of New Caledonia and new events in Australia and South Africa.
We are just two months away from our first event; all the riders are still training and getting ready for the new season. The new and old locations will once again provide the best terrain to crown a freestyle world champion, and show off some amazing wave riding and great slalom racing. Please visit www.prokitetour.com and our Facebook page for the latest updates, news, photos, videos, articles and interviews.


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Cub Scout Physical Fitness
From MeritBadgeDotOrg
Revision as of 22:01, February 29, 2008 by Scouterdennis (Talk | contribs)
| Physical Fitness
Belt Loop and Pin
Physical Fitness Sports Belt Loop
Belt Loop Requirements
Complete these three requirements:
- 1. Give a short report to your den or family on the dangers of drugs and alcohol.
- 2. Practice finding your pulse and counting your heartbeats per minute. Determine your target heart rate.
- 3. Practice five physical fitness skills regularly. Improve performance in each skill over a month. Skills could include pull-ups, curl-ups, the standing long jump, the 50-yard dash, and the softball throw.
Sports Pin Requirements
Earn the Physical Fitness belt loop, and complete five of the following requirements:
- 1. Make a diagram of the Food Guide Pyramid. List foods you ate in a week and show where they fit in the pyramid.
- 2. Choose a form of exercise, bring your heart rate up to target, and keep it there for 15 minutes. Don't forget to warm up and cool down.
- 3. Set up a four-step exercise program. Chart your progress for five days a week for two weeks.
- 4. Explain the reason for warming up and cooling down before and after each exercise session.
- 5. Visit a local gym and talk to a trainer about exercises and programs for young people.
- 6. Participate in some aerobic exercises at least three times a week for four weeks.
- 7. Build an obstacle course that could include some exercises with jumping, crawling, and hurdles. Time yourself three times to see whether you can improve your time.
- 8. Swim for a total of an hour, charting your time as you go.
- 9. Participate for at least three months in an organized team sport or organized athletic activity.
Webelos Scouts that earn the Physical Fitness Belt Loop while a Webelos Scout also satisfy requirement 10 for the Athlete Activity Badge and part of requirement 3 for the Sportsman Activity Badge.


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In September at a Stockholm conference of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate scientists released a key report which concluded that global warming is human induced with at least 95 percent certainty (let's be honest – we've known this for years). While it is a hot topic in the media, it has not been popular on the agenda or in discussion at the 8th Internet Governance Forum in Bali, Indonesia. Workshop 50: The power of internet for disaster and environmental control and the Dynamic Coalition on Climate Change were the only two sessions organised in relation to the environment. Mentions of environmental sustainability and climate change are slim to none on Twitter.
On day 2 in Workshop 40: "Internet of Things – Challenges, Policy and Development" I asked myself how the internet of things can help climate change? The internet of things enables you to link objects to the internet. By 2020, "over 50 billion objects will be linked to the internet," said a panelist in the Internet of Things workshop on Day 2 of the 2013 IGF – it will essentially change the world. Cisco released a report on the "Internet of Everything" placing high hopes on the internet of thing's ability to conquer climate change by helping human beings become "better steward of our finite resources by improving how we sense, understand, and even manage our environment." As sensors placed around the globe, we'll gain the ability to measure the health of the planet and eventually eradicate problems such as hunger and ensuring availability of drinking water.
"Climate change is a global challenge that we cannot afford to lose," said Dr Hamadoun I. Touré, ITU Secretary-General. Much more needs to be done for ICTs to help bridge the gap between "the present we have and the future we want." So why is nobody talking about climate change at the 2013 Internet Governance Forum? Lack of recognition of it as an issue? Lack of knowledge of how ICTs can help mitigate climate change? Is it simply that things like surveillance, privacy, enhanced cooperation, and multistakeholderism" are more important on the internet governance agenda?


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Former Ole Miss soccer player Rafaelle Souza, who now plays for the Houston Dash of the National Women's Soccer League, talks about the 2014 World Cup in her native Brazil and teaches two of her teammates some Brazilian samba dance moves.
Souza has appeared in 10 games, making the start in four games and logging 351 minutes through 13 games played. The World Cup continues Saturday with the start of knockout play, as Brazil plays Chile in the Round of 16 at 11 a.m. CT on Saturday. The United States plays Belgium in the Round of 16 at 3 p.m. CT on Tuesday.


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In bullying cases, where are the parents?
Where were the parents?
That's what crossed my mind when I read about the lawsuit against Concord-Carlisle High School, from a girl who claimed she faced regular torment — her car keyed in the school parking lot, death threats scrawled on bathroom walls — and that the school did little to stop it.
It's a shocking tale, as laid out in court filings, about property damage and ugly words and a culture that was clearly toxic. Nothing good is going to come from a group of sophomore girls who roam the halls calling themselves the "Sexy Seven."
But as we hurl what might be justifiable blame at school officials, we also need to ask ourselves what's missing from the story. What about the parents of the "Sexy Seven,'' or anyone else whose name came up in the rumor mill? Did they know that their kids were accused of threatening a girl? And if they had known, would they have cared?
This is the actual crisis in parenting today: not whether we're breastfeeding too little or helicoptering too much or feeding our kids the French way or teaching piano with Tiger ferocity, but whether we're abdicating our biggest responsibility, to make sure kids treat each other humanely.
And the big question is whether this is a problem of denial, or just ignorance.
Before we go further, some caveats. We only know one side of the Concord-Carlisle story; schools have legal limitations on what they can share about students, especially when they're being sued. (The district's superintendent didn't respond to an inquiry from me).
Also, if you've read anything about bullying — including Emily Bazelon's excellent book "Sticks and Stones," which takes an empathetic look at the perpetrators in the Phoebe Prince case — you know that these cases are often complex, the product of petty battles and hormones and crazy teenage brains.
Still, it's good that we're now holding schools accountable. Three years ago, Massachusetts passed an antibullying law that mandates training, sets up protocols, and forces schools to address bullying systematically.
The law is widely praised, and rightly so, but it has pitfalls. For one, it gives less-than-stellar administrators an easy way out: They can check off the boxes, do what's legally required, then wipe their hands of a confounding situation.
And the law risks sending a dangerous message to parents: that schools are capable of handling these situations alone.
To be fair, the law requires schools to inform parents when their children are accused of bullying. But in Concord-Carlisle, school officials seem to claim they never found the perpetrators. They collected some names, accepted denials, then met their legal obligation by sending a blanket letter to all parents.
Reading the court documents, the e-mail chains filled with initials and redacted names, I found it hard to believe that nobody knew who had done it. But Elizabeth Englander, who has seen other cases like this, said it's possible. She's a psychology professor at Bridgewater State University and the director of the Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Center. And she told me that sometimes, kids don't crack. Often, they don't tell their parents. And often, their parents don't ask.
This is where the crisis comes in. Sociologist Hilary Levey Friedman — whose book, "Playing to Win," is about kids and competition — said that as much as parents hover and fret when their kids are small, they tend to look aside as kids grow older. She advises parents to learn more about their teenagers' friends, to understand their group dynamics and family situations.
And Englander says parents should realize that the answers won't always be pleasant. "We have to understand that as part of adolescence, sometimes things really get out of control," she said. "Even good kids can make mistakes."
On the other hand, she said, teenagers really do care what their parents think.
"They're terrified of violating rules that they know are extremely important to their parents," Englander said. So if they believe that treating people well is their parents' top priority — more than grades or sports or college admission — they'll listen.
Parents should take that knowledge to heart. So should schools. It's easy to assume that parents will defend their kids, no matter what. And in Concord, maybe some parents wouldn't have cared that a girl named Belle was hurt and scared. But maybe some parents, if they had known, would have actually tried to stop it.
Joanna Weiss can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @JoannaWeiss.


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On Friday, August 17, 2012, ZAGG Inc. (NASDAQ: ZAGG) surprised investors and announced that its co-founder Robert G. Pedersen II resigned from his posts as CEO and Chairman of the company. The press release did not mention any reason for his resignation. The announcement was made after the stock market closed.
However, on that very same day after the market closed Robert Pedersen filed a Form 4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. It disclosed that he sold 515,000 shares at an average price of $8.2214 per share on August 14, just three days before ZAGG announced that he resigned from the company. Pedersen sold 512,240 of those shares to "to meet margin calls" and 2,760 shares were sold separately. He collected $4.234 million in gross proceeds from his sales of stock and it appears that most of that amount was used to satisfy margin calls.
Back on December 21, 2011, Pedersen sold 345,200 shares at an average price of $7.5248 per share and received proceeds totaling $2.598 million "to meet an immediate financial obligation." No mention was made of any stock pledges at that time. I'd love to know the reason behind that "immediate financial obligation."
A proxy report filed by ZAGG on April 27, 2012 does not mention any pledges of stock by Pedersen. Public companies must disclose stock pledges by insiders in proxy reports.
It would be interesting to know exactly when Pedersen pledged (margined) his shares as collateral for his margin loan and if the timing of his sale of stock had anything to do with his resignation. Furthermore, did Pedersen know that he was going to resign when he sold his shares on August 14?
Written by,
Sam E. Antar
Update 1
This morning, after this blog post was originally published, ZAGG filed an 8-K report with the Securities and Exchange Commission disclosing it adopted a new policy prohibiting certain insiders from engaging in certain transactions including pledging their shares:
Policy regarding holding Company securities in Executive and Directors margin accounts
On August 16, 2012, the Board of Directors of the Registrant adopted a policy (the "Policy") relating to short-term or speculative transactions in the Registrant's securities by directors, officers, and 10% holders of the Registrant's securities. Specifically, the policy states that such individuals are prohibited from engaging in short-term or speculative transactions involving the Registrant's securities, such as publicly traded options, short sales, puts, and calls, hedging transactions and holding the Registrant's securities in a margin account.
ZAGG's policy against margin loans was purportedly adopted two days after Pedersen sold his shares to satisfy a margin call and one day before it announced his resignation. The 8-K report made no reference to Pedersen's sale of stock to satisfy a margin call or disclose a reason for his resignation.
Update 2
On November 7, 2018, ZAGG disclosed in its Q3 2018 10-Q report that:
The Company has reached an agreement with the Staff of the SEC to settle the previously disclosed investigation related to facts and circumstances surrounding former Chief Executive Officer Robert Pedersen's pledge and subsequent sale of Company shares and the fact that such pledges and sales were not disclosed in the Company's 2011 10-K filed on March 15, 2012, or 2012 Proxy filed on April 27, 2012. Without admitting or denying the allegations contained in the order, the Company has agreed to pay a civil penalty in the amount of $75 to the SEC and has consented to the entry of an order with respect to violations of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13a-1 promulgated thereunder, which relate to disclosures in the annual report. The agreement remains subject to final approval by the Commission.Note: ZAGG reported its civil penalty in $000s. The civil penalty amounted to $75,000.
I am a convicted felon and a former CPA. As the criminal CFO of Crazy Eddie, I helped my cousin Eddie Antar and other members of his family mastermind one of the largest securities frauds uncovered during the 1980's. I committed my crimes in cold-blood for fun and profit, and simply because I could. If it weren't for the heroic efforts of the FBI, SEC, Postal Inspector's Office, US Attorney's Office, and class action plaintiff's lawyers who investigated, prosecuted, and sued me, I would still be the criminal CFO of Crazy Eddie today.
There is a saying, "It takes one to know one." Today, I work very closely with the FBI, IRS, SEC, Justice Department, and other federal and state law enforcement agencies in training them to identify and catch white-collar criminals. Often, I refer cases to them as an independent whistleblower. I teach white-collar crime classes for various government entities, professional organizations, businesses, and colleges and universities. I do not want or seek forgiveness for my vicious crimes from my victims. My past sins are unforgivable.
I do not own any ZAGG securities long or short.


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In our previous issue, we said you must use your work order system to provide the data for the reports your computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) can produce. How can you make this work?
First, determine what information management needs and whether it's practical to collect the data from which to generate that information. You may need to engage in an iterative process with senior managers until you can arrive at what information is practical and cost-effective yet meets their needs. Then, determine if your CMMS can provide reports with this information. If not, contact your CMMS vendor.
Tailor the work orders. It's critical to understand that the work order isn't an add-on — it's the core. It's what provides the input needed to generate the desired reports. Thus, redesign your work processes and your work orders so the required data can be accurately collected and make it back to the CMMS.


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To suggest oil production is important to the state economy is about as insightful as saying the sun will rise in the east.
Ever since the vast Mid-Continent field was discovered under most of Kansas, the state has been one of the country's top producers. Recent drilling in the Mississippian Lime play has helped the industry increase production collectively to some 44 million barrels in 2012. The oil and gas industry is a multi-billion-dollar sector and critical to the state's GDP.
One drills where oil can be found. Common sense, correct? And rules are in place to protect otherwise developed areas or pristine environmental spots?
Apparently, not so much.
One company, Driller Trek AEC, has run into opposition for its plans in Sedgwick County. It wanted to drill for oil beneath the convention center in downtown Wichita and, perhaps not surprisingly, faced public outcry. We're not sure the company's alternative sites of directly on the Century II complex or underneath the WaterWalk development will be received any better.
Another company, H&C Oil Co. of Plainville, has run into opposition for its plans to drill into the Cheyenne Bottoms in Barton County. One of the co-owners, Charles Ramsay, reportedly has been "crucified" for his plans to sink a well in the vital wetlands.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is opposing H&C's request because of the potential harm to the country's largest interior marsh. Cheyenne Bottoms and the nearby Quivira National Wildlife Refuge are prime stopping points for some 250,000 waterfowl every year. Sandpipers, geese and cranes, including the endangered whooping crane, are dependent on the site.
Yet there were more than 140 notices to drill in these wetlands, just in the past year. H&C Oil already has working pumps in the area that have performed well for decades.
"We're not looking to destroy anything, harm anything," Ramsay said.
Of this, we have no doubt. But at the same time, why is there any uncertainty about where developers are allowed to drill?
It makes sense there should be provisions in place. Oil and natural gas companies would comply. But if there is such a wide-open framework where developers look to drill on sensitive wetlands or in downtown Wichita, we think there is a problem. State and federal agencies need to better coordinate their efforts to protect the interests of the public, the environment and the oil and gas industry.
Editorial by Patrick Lowry


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'Documents': new app for iPad is free, versatile
The App Store has no shortage of iPad apps that let you view, edit and create documents – but most cost between $8 and $20.
If free is more your pace, then consider Documents by Readdle, a surprising versatile app for consumers and businesses alike.
As the name suggests, Documents by Readdle is first and foremost a document viewer, therefore it can display any number of document types, including .doc and .docx files (Microsoft Word), .ppt (PowerPoint), .xls (Excel), .txt, .pdf, and others. Within a document you can search, bookmark, adjust brightness and email the file.
Depending on the document, you can also edit text (such as a .txt file), highlight and underline (.pdf) or expand (compressed .zip files).
The app lets you create folders, if desired, or view documents by type, size, date or name (alphabetical). To get documents on and off the iPad, you can drag and drop through iTunes (USB cable or Wi-Fi), sync with iCloud or another cloud provider (Dropbox, SugarSync, Google Drive, SkyDrive, Box, and others), log into an FTP site, or you can choose to open an email attachment via this app.
You can also create and save a text document inside the app, though you might not know you can do it (tap "Edit," then "Create Text"). Perhaps in a future update the app developer can add a "Create Document" button or something to that effect. Another good idea is to password-protect this app, just in case you're carrying around potentially sensitive information, such as passwords or business documents.
If you have ebooks you want to read, perhaps in .epub format, Documents by Readdle can open these.
There's also an integrated web browser, therefore you can visit a site to read content or choose to download the page to read later at a later time, even offline – either as an .html file or a PDF document, if preferred.
In fact, this app can also do more than the typical document reader -- you can also play many different media files you throw at it. I dragged and dropped some music and audiobook MP3s, for example, and it played them, no problem. I also tried some .mp4 and .avi video files, and .jpg photos, and they, too, opened inside this app.
While there are a couple of restrictions – such as the inability to edit or create a Word document and limited annotation options for PDFs – Documents by Readdle is a powerful, versatile and free iPad app worthy of your beloved tablet.
Note: this app is only available for Apple iPad (any version) or iPad mini.


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The International Federation of Fly Fishers is an international non-profit organization dedicated to the betterment of the sport of fly fishing through Conservation, Restoration and Education. The International Federation of Fly Fishers and its Councils are the only organized advocate for fly fishers on a regional, national and international level.
The idea to create a national federation of fly fishing clubs by people who also were willing to take action, seems to have sprung up on both coasts in the early 1960's. In June 1965, the first Conclave of the Federation of Fly Fishers took place in Eugene, Oregon and was hosted by the McKenzie Flyfishers. It was immediately a national organization with the inclusion not only of West Coast fly fishing clubs, but also the Theodore Gordon Flyfishers from New York. Twelve clubs had joined the Federation by the end of 1965, and by the second Conclave held at Jackson Hole, Wyoming in September 1966, the number of clubs had risen to 29.
"It occurs to me that a loose federation of fly fishing groups could be of considerable value."
Letter from Lee Wulff to Bob Wethern of the Flyfishers Club of Oregon May 27, 1964
Lew Bell and Lee Wulff presented the first draft of the Constitution at the 1965 meeting, and Wulff suggested the reel emblem of the Federation. Many other nationally known fly fishers were present, including Ted Trueblood, Ed Zern, Pete Hidy and Polly Rosborough. A new creation, one that would represent the interests of fly fishermen was underway, and as time passed the famous who affiliate with the FFF seems to have included just about anybody who was anyone.
Today the IFFF has grown to 16 councils, approximately 225 clubs and 13,000 individual members. Our goal is to support fisheries conservation and educational programs for all fish and all waters. Anywhere fly fishers have an interest, the IFFF can and does play a role.
Our Bylaws state the purpose of the Federation as follows:
Conserving, Restoring, Educating through Fly Fishing(sm)...aka "We are haunted by waters, so we choose to make a difference for the fish that live in them."
The organization issues an annual report each year. Please click the link below to download the PDF version of the report.
2016 Annual Report
2015 Annual Report
2014 Annual Report
2013 Annual Report
2012 Annual Report
2011 Annual Report
2016 Annual Report
2015 Annual Report
2014 Annual Report
2013 Annual Report
2012 Annual Report
2011 Annual Report


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Suborbital spaceflights that rely on rubber-based rocket fuel could shrink icecaps, alter the ozone layer and affect global temperatures, according to a new study.
Yet the study authors' assumptions about the number of rocket launches per year and the chemistry of rocket exhaust have raised questions about their conclusions among space-tourism companies and climatologists not involved in the study.
Atmospheric scientists who performed the research probed the effects of belching ultrafine soot high into the stratosphere, where – unlike the troposphere below it – there isn't rain and wind to quickly filter soot out of the air. Rubber-based rocket fuel burned with nitrous oxide is the preferred propellant of the burgeoning space-tourism industry, and chemists suspect such hybrid engines emit sooty black carbon. Closer to Earth, the stuff has been shown to soak up extra radiation from the sun and contribute to climate change.
"This study was a natural extension of the climate-research community gaining a greater and greater appreciation of black carbon in terms of global radiative forcing," said Martin Ross, an atmospheric scientist at The Aerospace Corporation in El Segundo, California, and leader of the research funded in part by his employer. "Soot is a very large issue in the troposphere," Ross said, but its behavior isn't well-understood at higher altitudes.
To model the effects of space tourist launches on the Earth's atmosphere, Ross and his colleagues used the open-source Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 3, or WACCM3, one of the most-advanced computer models available to study impacts to global climate.
They ran two supercomputer-powered simulations for two weeks, one as a control and another modeling the impact of 1,000 suborbital flights per year for the next four decades. That many flights, according to the study, would annually deposit more than 1.3 million pounds of soot into the stratosphere.
"We looked at the stated business plans from corporations that are planning to build vehicles for space tourism," Ross said. "If you go to their websites, they'll say things like, 'we plan to launch once per day.' We found 1,000 per year is well within stated objectives of the industry."
On average, according to the simulation, the soot pushed polar ocean temperatures up by 1.8 Fahrenheit degrees, melted 5 to 15 percent of sea ice and depleted 1 percent of tropical ozone (while boosting polar ozone by 6 percent).
"We're not making any particular prediction about any system, just taking reasonable guesses at what soot from a hybrid rocket engine looks like and what the launch industry will do in the future," Ross said. "When we put that into a gold-standard model, the effect on the Earth is surprisingly large. In short, we think black-particle carbon from rockets is something that deserves attention."
Their assumptions may not be perfect, said Gerald North, an atmospheric scientist at Texas A&M University who was not involved in the study, but the measured effect is significant enough to warrant further investigation.
While they make assumptions about some unknowns, such as the behavior of soot at high altitudes, North said, "they're careful in expressing this is not the last word" and are "inviting others to take a look."
Ross and Michael Mills, an atmospheric chemist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Colorado and a co-author of the study, said that's precisely what the research team sees as the next step. In particular, getting a handle on what's in the emissions of different types of rocket plumes.
"There are few direct high-altitude measurements of rocket plumes. We really need to get aircraft in those and get measurements of soot and other particles," Mills said. "Until then, the sophistication of our models is limited."
To do just that, Ross said The Aerospace Corporation is planning a workshop to bring together under one tent all the stakeholders in science, rocket engineering, space-tourism companies and the government agencies.
"We need to get these players together and exchanging ideas, then ask the policy people to figure out what to do, if anything, with the information," Ross said.
"I think we and others in the industry welcome the opportunity to talk about all of these issues," said George Whitesides, CEO of Virgin Galactic, a space-tourism company that's planning to use hybrid rocket engines. Whitesides wasn't without reservations about the study and its conclusions, however.
"Frankly, I have to admit I wished they talked to us before putting out a paper, but that's OK. Climate issues are deeply important to Virgin, and we take them very seriously," Whitesides said.
Part of the reason the company chose the hybrid rocket design for its SpaceShipTwo was "because of its significantly lower environmental impact than other designs." Whitesides also said 1,000 space tourist launches per year is "guesswork," because the industry is privatized and young.
"I think as we look at this more, we'll find the impact will be far smaller than that set out in the paper," he said. "In any case, I welcome the conversation."
Whether or not peaceable collaborations ensue, both Ross and Mills expressed that carbon soot is something the nascent space tourism industry can't ignore.
"This shows that a new kind and level of emission being deposited directly into the stratosphere could have a significant effect," Mills said. "Companies need to proceed with developing their systems with full knowledge of consequences on the planet."
*Images: 1) Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo (center) attached to WhiteKnightTwo. Flickr/Jeff Foust. 2) The average predicted changes after one decade in the ozone layer (top) and regional temperatures (bottom) caused by 1,000 hybrid rocket launches per year for 40 years. Ross et al. 3) Average soot mixing ratio (from vertical launches) by latitude and season, in grams per square meter, predicted by Ross et al.'s simulation. **Ross et al. *
See Also:
- Space 2.X: The Private Rocket Race Takes Off
- Video: Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo Glide Flight
- Space Tourists Pack Bags for 2011 Vacation
- Humans in Space: 10 Amazing Spacewalk Photos
- Betting on Climate Change: Corporations Stand to Make or Lose Billions
- Icelandic Volcano's Ash Plume as Seen From Space
- Controlling Soot Might Quickly Reverse a Century of Global Warming
Follow us on Twitter @davemosher and @wiredscience, and on Facebook.


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Check out our full review of the LG Optimus 4X HD smartphone.
Mobile World Congress has seen a big coming out for Nvidia's new Tegra 3 quad-core processor with appearances in a number of phones, including LG's new powerhouse, the Optimus 4X HD. As you might guess from its name, the Optimus 4X HD has four processor cores and an HD 720p screen. Still, despite packing in more cores, the Optimus 4X won't have a feature that almost all phone fanatics should be looking for: 4G LTE connectivity.
Big screen super phone
LG is attacking the top-tier market with the Optimus 4X. The new phone will go head to head with expensive devices like the Galaxy Nexus, iPhone 4S, Motorola Droid Razr, Samsung Galaxy S II Skyrocket, and Samsung Galaxy Note. With a 4.7-inch screen, it's certainly large enough to compete with the biggest of them (except maybe the LG Optimus Vu), and will likely be a bit too big for some users. We're hitting the comfort limit of smartphones like these. Still, despite it's big screen, the Optimus does feel a bit smaller than other 4.7-inch devices like the Galaxy Nexus, due mostly to its thin design and shorter length. The Optimus has more screen and less bezel, which is a feature that helps make its huge screen a bit more manageable.
Design-wise, LG is mostly sticking with the same boxy, brushed silver look that has dominated its smartphone line for the last year or so, but representatives were quick to point out a silver triangle cut-out texture that lines the side of the phone. It has no practical purpose, but does give the Optimus a bit of personality — a bit. Not that it needs to scream out its presence. Performance is more important than flash.
Android ICS
The Optimus 4X follows in line with the other new quad-core phones at the show — like the HTC One X, Huawei Ascend D Quad, etc – and attempts to differentiate itself by actually supporting the newest version of Android. It's sad that there are still new devices debuting without Android 4.0, including many from LG, but those opting for quad-core needn't worry.
Despite Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) looking pretty good on its own, LG has decided to modify the new OS and slap on its own user interface modifications. The changes are mostly tame icon changes, but do make ICS look a bit more like older versions of Android. Enhancements like folder creation, a better organized settings menu, and screen customization are all mostly intact, but all tweaked ever so slightly. Without any truly innovative ideas to differentiate its handsets, LG, like many other manufacturers, continues to rely on slightly altering the design of Android just for the sake of it. Luckily, the changes don't seem to impede the new OS.
Tegra 3 performance
In our limited testing, the Tegra 3 seems to perform quite well. We plan to ask Nvidia some questions about the new chipset tomorrow, but we played through some complex games and demos and had much less slowdown than on most dual-core phones. And though the Tegra 3 is marked as a quad-core phone, its design heavily relies upon an additional fifth core, which performs common, easy tasks on its own – saving battery life. We didn't notice any lag between the time when we imagine the additional companion core was handling things and when the rest of the processors boot up either.
Overall, the Tegra 3 was great. There's just one problem: it isn't yet compatible with LTE antennas. We're guessing a fix will be on the way, but currently, every quad-core Tegra 3 phone is incapable of 4G LTE connectivity. So, essentially, you've got yourself a choice coming up. Do you want to have the most powerful phone, or do you want a phone that can connect to high-speed networks? It's not a fun choice because to really take advantage of either technology, it really helps to have the other.


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Mark Morris dancer Stacy Martorana talks about her career
Stacy Martorana talks about joining the Mark Morris Dance Group
Mon Mar 25 2013
Photograph: Nir Arieli
Stacy Martorana, a member of the Mark Morris Dance Group, performs with the company at the Mark Morris Dance Center April 3 to 14. In conjunction with the season, which includes three works and an appearance by Mikhail Baryshnikov, Martorana graces the premiere of Crosswalk. Stacy Martorana talks about her new role in the company and her former life as a RUG with the Merce Cunningham Dance Company.
Stacy Martorana is a fresh face at the Mark Morris Dance Group, but for Merce Cunningham fans, she is a living example of being in the right place at the wrong time. Among the last dancers to work with Cunningham as a member of the esteemed Repertory Understudy Group, Martorana, 29, is now gracing Morris's company where, among other things, she's learning how to dance to music. (That was never Cunningham's thing.) For the company's season, which runs through April 14 at the Mark Morris Dance Center, Martorana performs in the choreographer's new Crosswalk, set to music by Carl Maria von Weber. During the interview, Morris came in and planted a kiss on her cheek. "See how we get along?" he says. He added under his breath, "Don't bite your nails in front of the press. Don't lie. But also don't tell the truth." But she didn't have to play games. You can tell she's never been happier.
Time Out New York: Why did you start dancing?
Stacy Martorana: My mom signed me up for classes when I was about six. I went through one year of dancing, and then I decided I didn't want to dance anymore. I just wanted to play sports with my friends. When I was in third grade, I decided to start up again. My mom put me into classes at the Peabody Preparatory in Baltimore. I guess I liked it.
Time Out New York: Was the focus ballet?
Stacy Martorana: Yes. I didn't start modern until I was in middle school. But the more I took it, the more I loved it. In middle school, Carol Bartlett taught modern classes. It would be something like two ballet classes a week and maybe one modern. And eventually one of the wonderful things was a program that you had to be invited into; it actually terrified me because it involved my first experience with improvisation. We would collaborate with musicians and vocalists and create pieces, and it was horrifying but wonderful.
Time Out New York: Why was it horrifying?
Stacy Martorana: Oh gosh, you know when you start just doing ballet, you're told what to do—to make up my own movements was scary. It was a vulnerable feeling. I was a pretty self-conscious kid, like any teenager. I was very shy when I was young.
Time Out New York: How did you become a modern dancer?
Stacy Martorana: I went to the North Carolina School of the Arts my first year of college as a ballet major. I was in level B-3—so the second lowest out of four. We didn't get Melissa Hayden, but I did have wonderful teachers. Nina Danilova, I loved. She respected movers rather than [dancers] having perfect facility, which I did not have. So I went through the whole year as a ballet major. We had to take modern classes as well, and I really loved modern, but I didn't think I could do it. I thought it was too creative. There were too many different kinds of movements that I wasn't used to, and it scared me.
Time Out New York: Modern is such a huge umbrella. What were you studying exactly?
Stacy Martorana: We had Brenda Daniels teaching Cunningham-based technique. That actually felt, at the time, the most comfortable. And Dianne Markham was teaching a Nikolais-based technique. Sean Sullivan was teaching Limón.
Time Out New York: So it was kind of all over the place.
Stacy Martorana: It was. I remember mostly just seeing the performances of the modern students. There was one specific performance that I just thought, Wow, I wish I could do that. But I didn't think I could. So I actually was going to come back the next year as a ballet major even though a couple of teachers had recommended that I come back as a modern major. [Laughs]
Time Out New York: How did that make you feel?
Stacy Martorana: Oh, it felt awful! It felt like they were giving up on me or thought I should give up, when really that's not what they meant. It was just switching focus. But I don't remember feeling too sad; I just remember thinking, Well, I'll show them. [Laughs] I'll show them that I can do this. I was a very hard worker. If I set my mind to something, I was going to do it. I was planning to go to the Washington Ballet School summer program, which I'd been to previously. But that summer I just started to feel really down and a little depressed, and I remember my mom sitting down and talking to me and saying, "Do you really want to do this?" I was like, Wow she's acknowledging this before I even could—but no, maybe I don't. And that summer was wonderful. I spent it just doing all kinds of different things that I never had the time for because I was taking ballet classes.
Time Out New York: What did you do?
Stacy Martorana: Oh God. [Laughs] Okay, as a little kid, I loved to build things. My family had a joke that you could give me a cardboard box and masking tape and I'd be happy for hours. So this is actually kind of embarrassing now, but I built a huge dollhouse. I was in college so that's why it's a little embarrassing, but I cut the wood, I sawed it, I built teeny little furniture and spent hours down in the basement designing rooms, and it was so fun. And we called up North Carolina School of the Arts and asked them if I could return as a contemporary major, and they said yes. I did have to start over at year one. But it was okay. I wasn't ready to jump a year. I didn't know enough.
Time Out New York: Did you still find that you were drawn to the Cunningham technique?
Stacy Martorana: Yeah. That and Limón actually. I just looked forward to those classes specifically. It felt fun. It was hard, but it felt free. It felt like I was flying. I remember that feeling of just pushing myself and sweating. It felt wonderful.
Time Out New York: With the Limón movement, was it hard to figure out how to relax into it?
Stacy Martorana: Yes, oh my God. We had to take comp classes every Wednesday. I think it was two-and-a-half hours, which was long, but all of a sudden I loved making up movement and dances and specifically solos. I don't know that I was good at it, but I immediately immersed myself in that outside of classes—just making up stuff all the time, getting to the studio at all different hours. And I think that helped me find some more creativity and other ways my body was able to move.
Time Out New York: Did you perform?
Stacy Martorana: A little bit, not much. We weren't chosen our first year to be in the big productions. But we did smaller performances. And I do remember that being…I'm always a nervous Nellie, but much less so in that first year of contemporary performances. Pointe used to scare me onstage with the lights.
Time Out New York: Are you still like that?
Stacy Martorana: No. [Laughs] I'm not like I was. Oh God, you can ask my family; I wouldn't let them talk to me the day of a show. I'm not anything close to the way I was in high school. I always get nervous, but I look forward to it. I can't wait to perform.
Time Out New York: It's weird that you didn't quit because of it.
Stacy Martorana: I know! I guess once I was onstage I was okay. It's hard to look back. I did love performing. It was the beforehand, feeling like I wouldn't be able to control any muscle in my body.
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Adobe Photoshop is known as the best tool for every digital artists when it comes to professionally image modification. By using simple tools we can give our pictures a unique look in easy way. Every person no matters he is a beginner or expert in Adobe Photoshop looking for a unique techniques to add to your Photoshop arsenal.There are many tips, tricks, and techniques for improving things like skin tone and imperfections, and enhancing the photo subject's features.
In this collection, you'll find out plenty of tutorials that deal with impressive images modification, adding unique effects, and recreating digital replications of popular traditional photography techniques.
1.Retouch Yellow Skin
You can lighten and soften a person's skin tone and texture by following along this excellent Photoshop tutorial that uses options such as the Soft Light layer mode,Selective Color Image Adjustments and Curves Image Adjustments.
2.Cross Processing
You can learn how to apply the Cross Processing film-developing technique digitally to your images by reading through this quick and educational tutorial that leverages the powers of the Curves tool in Photoshop.
3.Glamour Model
This photo-retouching tutorial outlines several handy techniques for improving an image, such as taking advantage of the Patch Tool for skin blemishes and using theTurbulence Tool for smooth pixel scattering and for blurring out imperfections.
4.HDR Photo Effect
Create a pseudo-HDR image by reading through this popular Photoshop tutorial that uses basic Photoshop tools, options, and techniques such as adjusting Shadows/Highlight settings and changing layer Blending modes.
5.How To Get Perfect Skin!
This easy-to-follow and extremely detailed Photoshop tutorial shows you how to improve a photo subject's skin features with just two tools: the Healing Brush Tool and the Clone Stamp Tool.
6.Remove Blemishes in Photoshop
The Spot Healing Brush Tool, the Gaussian Blur Filter, and the Paint Brush Tool are the subjects of this easy to follow and highly illustrative Photoshop retouching tutorial featured on Tutorialboard.
Improve your photos with a dramatic gritty bronze effect to make them truly pop though the techniques discussed in this Photoshop tutorial. The tutorial uses a combination of techniques including the utilization of a Curves Adjustment layer.
8.How to Digitally Paint Lip Gloss with a Tablet
Apply lip-gloss to a photo subject by reading through this Photoshop retouching tutorial that uses the Liquify Filter and Photoshop brush techniques to add some sheen to a person's lips.
9.Dave Hill Look Photo Effect
This simple but impressive tutorial takes inspiration from Dave Hill's unique photography work to create stunning HDR-like renditions of ordinary photographs using a combination of techniques that involves the Unsharp Mask in Photoshop.
10.Quick and Effective Facial Retouching
What's great about Photoshop is that you can often get exceptional results in a short amount of time. This step-by-step Photoshop face retouching tutorial goes over how to achieve realistic and impressive results in a matter of minutes.
11.Soft Focus Photography
Learn about an image-enhancing technique that you can easily apply onto your images by reading through this handy Photoshop tutorial from photoshoptalent.com that uses a Color Balance adjustment layer as well as other Photoshop options and techniques.
12.Professional Photo-Retouching
In this Photoshop retouching video tutorial, you will get to see a method for digitally adjusting someone's hair. The tutorial goes over removing unwanted parts of the hair, adjusting tonal values, and working with blending modes.
13.Movie Photo Effect
By following along this Photoshop tutorial, even the plainest photos can embody a stylish Hollywood film look-and-feel. The technique involves a few Image Adjustment (Image > Adjustment) options like tweaking Exposure and Hue/Saturation settings.
14.Easy Digital Nose Job in Photoshop
This detailed, step-by-step Adobe Photoshop tutorial covers a technique for enhancing a person's nose. The Lasso Tool, Free Transform, and the Healing Brush Tool are the main Photoshop features utilized in this process.
15.Extreme Contrast Photo Effect
In this Adobe Photoshop tutorial, you will learn how to add some noise, how to take advantage of Photoshop's sharpening tools, and how to add a simple Adjustment layer to give a photo an "extreme contrast" effect.
16.Artificial Smooth Skin
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In this Photoshop photo-enhancing tutorial, you will find out how to apply makeup digitally onto a photo subject using a couple of Photoshop filters, masking tools, andImage Adjustment options.
18.Infrared Photo Effect
The infrared photo effect can be a unique and stunning way to create one-of-a-kind photos. Learn how to simulate this photography technique digitally through this helpful Photoshop tutorial that takes advantage of Photoshop's Channel palette.
19.Simple Facial Photo Retouching
The Spot Healing Brush Tool, the Warp Transform option, and downloadable Photoshop brushes are some of the things this excellent facial retouching tutorial onGrafpedia utilizes to enhance the eye area of the photo subject.
20.Soft Focus & Glow Effect
Do you want to change a plain and boring scene into a dreamy and surreal photo? If so – check out this wonderful tutorial on applying a soft focus and glow effect onto your photos using the Gaussian Blur filter and adjusting layer Blending modes.
This professional-level Photoshop tutorial goes over the ways in which you can give someone a full digital makeover, including how to whiten eyes to make the subject look more vibrant, using the Paint Brush Tool in conjunction with lay blending modes.
In this straightforward image-editing tutorial, you will learn a quick technique for enhancing your images to give them a subtle HDR effect by using Photoshop's handy High Pass filter and adjusting layer Blending modes.
23.Superb Skin Airbrush Technique
Airbrushing is used by professional makeup artists to prepare subjects for photo shoots. In this retouching tutorial, you'll discover how to perform this process digitally with the help of Photoshop tools such as the Surface Blur Filter and the Paint Brush Tool.
24.Vintage Photo Effect
Renowned graphic/web designer Veerle Pieters discusses a method for putting on a vintage photography effect on images in this tutorial that uses a few techniques like adding a Brightness/Contrast Adjustment layer and utilization of Smart Filters.
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26.Whiten Teeth to Improve a Smile in Photoshop
Learn to brighten the subject's teeth for a pearly-white smile in this Photoshop tutorial that uses the Quick Selection Tool for easy area selection and a Hue/Saturation Adjustment layer to get the job done.
27.Split Toning Black & White Effect
Learn to apply the split toning (a variance of sepia toning) photography effect which takes ordinary photos to produce a vintage-style photo effect. This tutorial uses several Photoshop options like adding a Color Balance Adjustment layer and the Channel Mixer.
Retouching usually aims to reduce aging in someone's features, but what if you wanted to do the opposite? In this retouching/enhancing tutorial – you'll learn a method for realistically aging someone's facial features.
29.Change Hair Color Tutorial
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30.Applying Realistic Tattoo
If you would like to apply a digitally placed tattoo on a subject's body – perhaps either to cover up imperfections or to make them look badass – this tutorial goes over a method that offers realistic results.
31.Coloring Effect Tutorial
In this quick and simple Photoshop tutorial, you will get a chance to discover some methods for coloring your images using a few tools and options such Adjustment layers, modifying Blending modes, and the Blur filter.
32.Basic Retouch and Colorization
Learn the basics of photo retouching and enhancing a photos color by way of the colorization method. The Gaussian Blur filter, Curves image adjustment, and the Smart Sharpen filter are just some of the options applied in this Photoshop tutorial.
33.Light Effects
Enhance your images by adding a few cool lighting effects; learn how in this Photoshop tutorial. The tutorial uses various Photoshop tools such as the Gradient tool and taking advantage of the Pattern Overlay layer style.
34.Eye Color Change
You can use Photoshop to change a photo subject's eye color by reading through this tutorial that shares a simple method for doing so using Quick Mask Mode and Color Balance Image Adjustments.
35.Snow Photo Effect
Add some weather into your photos by viewing this tutorial that teaches its readers how to add falling snow onto a photograph. The tutorial adds in the snow by using the Add Noise Photoshop filter, blurring it, and overlaying it onto the image's layer.
This tutorial goes over an easy method for digitally applying makeup on a subject for a beautiful and realistic outcome. Some Photoshop tools and features used are theReduce Noise Filter, the Paint Brush Tool, and the Eraser Tool.
37.Streams Of Dusty Light
This interesting Photoshop tutorial shows you how to add a surreal stream of light to make your photos truly unique and eye grabbing. The tutorial leans on the Radial Blur filter to create the streams of light.
38.Reducing 5 O'Clock Shadow And Beard Stubble In Photoshop
You can learn how to lower the amount of beard stubbles a person has by reading this excellent Photoshop retouching tutorial. The tutorial covers layer masking techniques, effective usage of the Healing Brush Tool, and layer blending options.
39.Super Fast and Easy Facial Retouching
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40.Photo Color Correction
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41.Enhance Skin Tutorial
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