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Table of Contents
Alternative Modalities
> Guided imagery
Guided imagery
Also listed as:
Related terms
Related Terms
Biofeedback, Bonny method, direct suggestion, drawing/active imagination, dream interpretation, fantasy, game playing, imagery, interactive guided imagery, meditative relaxation technique, metaphor, story telling, visualization.
Throughout history, many cultures have used imagery for therapeutic purposes, including the Navajo, ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Chinese. Religions such as Hinduism and Judaism have also practiced imagery. In modern times, the term "guided imagery" may be used to refer to a number of techniques, including metaphor, story telling, fantasy, game playing, dream interpretation, drawing, visualization, active imagination, or direct suggestion using imagery.
Therapeutic guided imagery may be used to help patients relax and focus on images associated with personal issues they are confronting. Experienced guided imagery practitioners may use an interactive, objective guiding style to encourage patients to find solutions to problems by exploring their existing inner resources. Biofeedback is sometimes used with imagery to enhance meditative relaxation. Interactive guided imagery groups, classes, workshops, and seminars are available, as well as books and audiotapes.
It is theorized that the process of visualizing images can evoke sensory memory, strong emotions, or fantasy that in turn may affect the mind and body in beneficial ways. Imagery techniques have been proposed to cause a number of changes in body functions, including alterations in breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism, and the gastrointestinal system, immune system, and endocrine system. Practitioners often aim to use a variety of senses, including touch, smell, sight, and sound, to achieve a tranquil state by decreasing negative physical symptoms.
Evidence Table
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
Initial research suggests that guided imagery may provide added benefits when used at the same time as standard medical care for migraine or tension headache. Further study is needed before a strong conclusion can be drawn.
Early research suggests that guided imagery may help reduce cancer pain, intravenous needle pain, nerve pain from spinal cord damage, or lower postoperative pain ratings in children. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
Initial evidence suggests that guided imagery relaxation audiotapes may reduce anxiety after surgeries, and may improve healing. More study is needed before a strong recommendation can be made.
Early research suggests that the use of imagery may reduce anxiety but not depression or physical symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis. Additional research would be helpful in this area.
Evidence from early research suggests that guided imagery may be an effective treatment for bulimia nervosa, at least in the short-term. Further study is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
Initial research suggests possible reductions in pain and improvements in functioning.
Although guided-imagery meditation is popularly used with yoga for general health maintenance, there is not enough scientific evidence in this area.
Early research supports the value of combined pharmacotherapy and relaxation training in the treatment of insomnia. Further research is necessary in order to make a firm recommendation.
Cognitive-behavioral interventions for pain may be an effective adjunct to standard pharmacologic interventions for pain in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
Early research suggests that guided imagery of short duration may improve working memory performance. Further research is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Early research suggests a reduction in pain and mobility difficulties in patients with osteoarthritis. Further research is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Preliminary studies suggest that quality of life and sense of comfort may be improved by guided imagery techniques such as relaxation/imagery training tapes. Further research is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Initial evidence suggests that occasional use of guided imagery techniques may improve quality of life in people with HIV. Additional research is needed in this area before a recommendation can be made.
A small study reports increased relaxation outcomes in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema or chronic bronchitis) who use guided imagery techniques. Additional research is needed to confirm these results.
Based on early study, guided imagery in addition to education and counseling sessions may be helpful for long-term smoking cessation and abstinence in adult smokers. Further study is needed to confirm these results.
Preliminary research in children suggests that stress management and relaxation with guided imagery may reduce the duration of symptoms due to upper respiratory tract infections. Additional research is needed to confirm these results.
Masked prayer, music, imagery, and touch (combined) therapy did not significantly improve clinical outcome after elective catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention in a recent study.
Preliminary research reports no benefits of guided imagery in congestive heart failure.
* Key to grades
: Strong scientific evidence for this use
: Good scientific evidence for this use
: Unclear scientific evidence for this use
: Fair scientific evidence for this use (it may not work)
: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likley does not work)
Tradition / Theory
The below uses are based on tradition, scientific theories, or limited research. They often have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. There may be other proposed uses that are not listed below.
Academic performance, addiction, allergies, angina, arthritis, asthma, athletic performance enhancement, bacterial infections, bone and wound healing, cancer, chemotherapy related nausea, chronic bronchitis, controlling blood pressure, creative thinking stimulation, depression, diabetes, dyspnea, eating disorders, emphysema, fungal infections, gastrointestinal motility and secretion, glaucoma, herpes simplex virus, high cholesterol, immune system enhancement, increasing breast milk, lung disease, mood enhancement, nausea/vomiting, nightmares, obesity, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, postpartum depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual syndrome (PMS), psoriasis, psychological disorders, relationship conflicts, relaxation, self-esteem improvement, sexual function/impotence, skin conditions, spastic colon, stress, well-being, viral warts.
Many complementary techniques are practiced by healthcare professionals with formal training, in accordance with the standards of national organizations. However, this is not universally the case, and adverse effects are possible. Due to limited research, in some cases only limited safety information is available.
Serious adverse effects have not been reported in the available scientific literature. Theoretically, intense inward focusing may cause pre-existing psychological problems or personality disorders to surface. Guided imagery should not be relied upon as a sole therapy for potentially serious medical problems. Guided imagery is usually used as a supplemental technique to other treatments, not as a replacement.
Guided imagery techniques should not be practiced while driving or during other activity requiring strict attention. Guided imagery may trigger physical symptoms that can be brought about by stress, anxiety, or emotional upset. If practicing guided imagery produces anxiety, a qualified healthcare professional should be consulted. Similarly, people with a history of trauma or abuse should speak with a healthcare professional before using this technique.
This information is based on a systematic review of scientific literature edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (
Baird CL, Sands L. A pilot study of the effectiveness of guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation to reduce chronic pain and mobility difficulties of osteoarthritis. Pain Manag Nurs 2004;5(3):97-104.
Carr RR, Nahata MC. Complementary and alternative medicine for upper-respiratory-tract infection in children. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006 Jan 1;63(1):33-9.
Chen KM, Chen MH, Hong SM, et al. Physical fitness of older adults in senior activity centres after 24-week silver yoga exercises. J Clin Nurs 2008 Oct;17(19):2634-46.
Danhauer SC, Marler B, Rutherford CA, et al. Music or guided imagery for women undergoing colposcopy: a randomized controlled study of effects on anxiety, perceived pain, and patient satisfaction. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2007 Jan;11(1):39-45.
Fried RG, Hussain SH. Nonpharmacologic management of common skin and psychocutaneous disorders. Dermatol Ther 2008 Jan-Feb;21(1):60-8.
Klaus L, Beniaminovitz A, Choi L, et al. Pilot study of guided imagery use in patients with severe heart failure. Am J Cardiol 7-1-2000;86(1):101-104.
Kshettry VR, Carole LF, Henly SJ, et al. Complementary alternative medical therapies for heart surgery patients: feasibility, safety, and impact. Ann Thorac Surg 2006 Jan;81(1):201-5.
Louie SW. The effects of guided imagery relaxation in people with COPD. Occup Ther Int 2004;11(3):145-159.
Menzies V, Taylor AG, Bourguignon C. Effects of guided imagery on outcomes of pain, functional status, and self-efficacy in persons diagnosed with fibromyalgia. J Altern Complement Med 2006 Jan-Feb;12(1):23-30.
Moseley GL. Using visual illusion to reduce at-level neuropathic pain in paraplegia. Pain 2007 Aug;130(3):294-8.
Munsch S, Michael T, Biedert E, et al. Negative mood induction and unbalanced nutrition style as possible triggers of binges in binge eating disorder (BED). Eat Weight Disord. 2008 Mar;13(1):22-9.
Toth M, Wolsko PM, Foreman J, et al. A pilot study for a randomized, controlled trial on the effect of guided imagery in hospitalized medical patients. J Altern Complement Med 2007 Mar;13(2):194-7.
Trakhtenberg EC. The effects of guided imagery on the immune system: a critical review. Int J Neurosci. 2008 Jun;118(6):839-55.
Weydert JA, Shapiro DE, Acra SA, et al. Evaluation of guided imagery as treatment for recurrent abdominal pain in children: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr 2006 Nov 8;6:29.
Wynd CA. Guided health imagery for smoking cessation and long-term abstinence. J Nurs Scholarsh 2005;37(3):245-50.
Copyright © 2011 Natural Standard (
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.
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I have used a Tattered Lace Starlight Circle die to create my frame.
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I would like to enter this card into the Less is More Challenge 321 - Use a Frame.
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PSE is an acronym for Postal Support Employee. PSE jobs are the starting points for career positions. Most job postings on the USPS website are for PSE jobs, and most career positions are filled by promoting PSE employees. You must start as a PSE Post Office Clerk in order to work your way into a career Post Office Clerk position. PSEs are typically hired for 360 day terms and can be reappointed for additional 360 day terms. See our PSE Jobs page for details.
Wages can vary by location, but the average starting wage for a PSE Post Office Clerk is about $16.00 per hour. Specific information on wages is provided on individual job postings. Once you convert to a career position, the average salary for a career Post Office Clerk is about $55,000 per year.
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Boogie Nights
I watched Boogie Nights the other nights. It's a movie I've watched dozens of times and I think I watch it mostly because it reminds me so much of the times I experienced as a 17-year old in 1978-1978.
I'm an old lady now. I can tell old lady stories now, right?
I used to hang out with the fag boys. I first had sex with a fag boy. Later we joked that we both "turned" gay – sex must have been that bad. har He and I used to troll Lake Eola in Orlando looking for boys for him to spend some time with while I wrote spacey poetry about my thinly veiled jealous longing for him on scrunched up paper inside spiral bound notebooks.
Soaring through the galaxy
Your awareness of things around you
Is blinded
By the Comet
In your groin.
He used to leave his encounters and tell me every detail of them and then we would go and have sex in his bedroom, his remembering how wonderful his time in Lake Eola was.
(I still find it incredible I am HIV negative considering what I did during this time period. Most of the people I had sex with and most of the friends I had are long, long gone due to AIDS… many years before the good drugs came along.)
I remember one guy we used to see a lot. He was a hairdresser and we'd go ride in his Cadillac, me in the backseat and my friend and this hairdresser man in the front… cutie pie that he was. They'd grope and carry on, me, looking out the window, poppers being passed back and forth between the three of us, me writing while inhaling the
When I met Doug and Randy and and the rest of that gang, things became much more fun – and educational. I began an entire indoctrination into the gay male culture.
Why, you might ask, wasn't I spending time with the lesbian community? Didn't I know there were chick bars? Music Festivals? Cris Williamson concerts? Lesbian newspapers to write for?
The problem, you see, was I was a femme baby dyke in an extremely androgynous period in the lesbian timeline. Whereas they were wearing Levi's, lumberjack flannel shirts and desert boots, I was wearing gauze hippie dresses, tights, ruffle ankle socks, rhinestones (everywhere!) and Candy's (or Jelly Shoes). I once went to the lesbian bar with the guys because they wanted me to find a girlfriend and I was not only ignored, I was made terrible fun of. I ended up crying and leaving after trying to talk to women for about an hour or so. The looks they gave me were of utter derision. I can see those looks even now. Thank goodness Sarah, a very butch dyke, loves this ultra-femme dyke (and recognized me!).
So, Doug, et al took me everywhere they could take me and about the only place they couldn't take me was the baths. I went everywhere else. I explored all the different bars with them. The country bar, the after hours club (where you had to bring your own booze and you didn't walk out until it was light outside… very odd!), even the leather club, where they did frown on my being there, but didn't out and out toss me out on my ear.
One place we frequented was the movie house. An odd name for a porn store with stalls in the back that showed flickering male on male (on male and male and male and and and…) movies that you paid a quarter for to see portions of. Typically, one went into a stall in alone or with a "buddy" and watched the film (or not). I was invited to go with my friends and three or four of us would cram into a tiny booth and laugh our asses off at the jerky, start the movie, jump on the body, get it on, flick. I'm so sure the other patrons enjoyed our presence.
The first time in there, I was baffled by two things. I am not kidding. I tend to be kind of slow sometimes.
There was a roll of toilet paper in there.
And a hole.
I couldn't figure out what either of those was for. And my friends looked at me like I was crazy and made me sit there kept putting quarters in until I figured it out for myself. I'm sure it took about $5 worth.
These forays to the movie house did not entertain me muchly, but I did find my avenue to enjoyment and that ended up being the drag shows. I absolutely fell in love with the drag queens. Oh, my! The make-up, the jewels, the sparkles, the music… so, so right up my alley!
I made friends with lots of the drag queens who had names like Rusty Fawcett, Rita Beads ("Reading Beads" was an expression that meant something like, "I'm gonna take you down!" or "I've got your number!") and Heavy Duty ( a luscious, big black girl). The "women" seemed to like me and took me back stage after awhile and taught me how to put on make-up… a skill I still utilize today. I used to sit and watched them rehearse their numbers, critiqued their rehearsals, shared my thoughts about their shows and tipped them with my few-existent dollars when they "sang" songs I loved and appreciated.
The boys and I were so poor we'd get to the bar before they started charging at 8:00pm (also to avoid being carded since we were under-age) and just wait until the (drag) shows started at 10pm. There were two shows and the 10pm show was not very crowded, but still fun. The real fun, though, was the midnight show. That's when the straight crowd from the suburbs would come, sit in the front and Miss P, the emcee (and my dear friend Paul, who just last year died from AIDS) would harass and harangue the straights delightfully – it's what they came for and what we lived for!
After the show, we'd watch as the crowd left and scour the floor for the money that'd fallen out as they were too drunk to pay attention to. It was a race with the waiters, but they were usually busy with the last of the customers, so we got the floor pickin's. With whatever we found, we'd go to the restaurant (it was a full service club – bar/show bar/restaurant/hotel) and sit with some of the drag queens after they'd become men once again and were unrecognizable, but still as flamboyant and obnoxious, and laugh and laugh and eat crackers (free) dipped in Thousand Island dressing (free) and have refillable Diet Coke ($.50). We'd sit for hours. We saved the money for lunch money at school the next day.
The bar'd close at 2am, but we'd sit sometimes until 4am or so and then I'd head home, sleep for a couple of hours, get up at 6am and be at school at 7am for a full day at learning again. Only to be back at the bar by 8pm the next night.
While I had friends growing up, my Fat Angry Woman post gives an idea of what it was like for me in school, so when I found the gay community, I finally came into my own. Finally, for the first time, my fat didn't matter. No one cared. It didn't matter anymore that I had rolls, that I jiggled, that I couldn't run, that I couldn't hit a ball, that I didn't have a boyfriend to go to the Prom with because my friends were exactly like me in almost every instance (excapt the fat... the boys were PRETTY and extremely toned). We shared so much! Every day. I could laugh loudly, snort, sit around kissing the boys to practice, have casual sex with some of them, cruise guys and girls with them, play dress up with them, put make-up on with them, go dancing with them, shopping with them, get drunk with them, work with them, eventually live with them and even run away to New York City with them. They love me for ME. No physical judgment at all. None of them EVER said, "Gee, Barb, maybe you should lose a few pounds. Maybe you'd find a man/woman if you did." Instead, they were so fabulous in saying things like, "That girl is just stupid for not even giving you the time of day. She doesn't know what lovin' she is missing!" Now those are friends.
When I moved to Germany and got together with Sarah, we had to deal with the "Oh, you're the man and you're the woman" shit from the lesbian and straight community alike. The dyke community back then really struggled with our relationship and told us we were aping the breeders (not that we weren't already breeders ourselves!). I sighed and realized I would never again have the type of soaring freedom I'd had in that gay world in 1979. Held down by different tethers… children, work, school, responsibilities, relationships, a busy-ness that didn't permit me to be as active in the gay community as I wanted to be, a continuing feeling of alienation as a femme dyke… I'd even lost the memory of the kind of joy I had back then until writing this.
1979 was also the year I ran away from home to New York City and then ended up in Washington DC, living there for 3 months. I think it's time to share that story here.
All these things are not so midwifery-oriented, but after 18 months of nothing personal, it feels right to share these things again. My heart feels healed enough. Tenacious brings me strength.
Babies bring me strength.
Most of all, I bring me strength.


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An ongoing Kickstarter project has come up with the perfect recipe for a fun-filled, nerdy evening: quantum mechanics and board games. The people behind indie game company Elbowfish are trying to reach their $33,000 crowdfunding goal to distribute their physics-inspired board game called Antimatter Matters.
In the game, 2-6 Antimatter Matters players assume the roles of scientists in the not-too-distant future trying to assemble matter from stray elementary particles. The standard version of the game pits the scientists against one another in a race to create a hydrogen atom by collecting fundamental particles: electrons, quarks, gluons, and even photons.
You can see the creators describing their game in the video below.
The world of Antimatter Matters is filled with risk. Cosmic ray radiation, antimatter-matter collisions, and equipment malfunctions are but a few of the quantum dangers facing would-be atomic scientists. Players will navigate through the world with an eight-sided die, and players can use action cards to stymie their opponents' quest to complete the atom.
So far, the game looks like a novel way to introduce people to the strange world of quantum mechanics, and the design looks beautiful. The game board features a slew of physics references including three "energy levels" that players reach, entangled quantum pieces, and particle spin.
Board game aficionados over at /r/boardgames initially expressed some reservations about the game's roll-and-move emphasis, but Elbowfish has since expanded their description about the game on their Kickstarter page. Although every player's move starts with the roll of a die, there seems to be plenty of room for strategy in Antimatter Matters.
Different game modes range from competitive to collaborative, and players can increase the difficulty by building more elaborate atoms like the deuterium isotope of hydrogen. To level the playing field, older players can work toward the more difficult deuterium atom while younger atomic scientists can aim for a hydrogen atom in the same game.
As of this writing, the game has received a little under half (about $13,500) of its funding goal ($33,000) with 12 days remaining. You can fund the game yourself for as little as $1, and you can learn more about the game from the prototype manual (PDF).
Monday, July 01, 2013
Quantum Mechanics Board Game
An ongoing Kickstarter project has come up with the perfect recipe for a fun-filled, nerdy evening: quantum mechanics and board games. The people behind indie game company Elbowfish are trying to reach their $33,000 crowdfunding goal to distribute their physics-inspired board game called Antimatter Matters.
Posted by Hyperspace at 7/01/2013 04:04:00 PM
Labels: board games, fun, future, outreach, quantum mechanics, space and The Universe
4 comments:
- AnonymousJuly 3, 2013 at 10:06 AM
I wouldn't say they "initially expressed reservations". Roll-and-move is perhaps not a bad mechanic for a century-old children's game, but to use it in a modern game shows a fundamental lack of respect for players.ReplyDelete
There are a great number of modern games and they are defined by interesting mechanics, not by pasting roll-and-move onto some subject you like.Replies
In the case of particle physics, randomness is an essential component of realism.Delete
And the choice of an eight-sided die looks to me like a brilliant inside joke about the Eightfold Way - not the Buddhist teaching, but Murray Gell-Mann's approach to organizing octets of subatomic particles.
Just because your preferred modern games use other randomizers doesn't mean that games-including-dice are disrespectful (or abnormal) for their use of randomization.
I didn't know trolls came out from under their bridges for physics games. Heaventwig has it entirely correct, how is drawing cards any different than rolling dice A.C.? (you have better comments at \. BTW.)ReplyDelete
And if you've got a better particle physics game A.C., love to see it!
I'm just a potential player and non-academic science fan and it's clearly a great idea for an educational game with a fantastic theme and deeply-pondered mechanics. No surprise /r/ regular had to mount a campaign to right the terrible wrong of a fact-based review that didn't comport with their opinion.
For the rational out there, check out the campaign - they've clearly put a lot of thought into it.
- AnonymousJuly 11, 2013 at 11:16 AM
Leveling legitimate criticism against the game is in no way trolling. Drawing a card and moving is not different than rolling and moving, but the lack of player choice that surrounds this type of game mechanism (having a random event determine where your pawn moves on a board; drawing and moving falls in this camp) is typically considered to be an indicator of an inexperienced game designer in modern hobby boardgames. For an in depth discussion on the topic, it may be worth people's time to check out the Roll and Move episode of the Ludology podcast (http://ludology.libsyn.com/ludology-episode-39-roll-and-move). There are well-regarded boardgames, such as Merchant of Venus, which use this mechanism, but games such as this are exceptions as opposed to rules.ReplyDelete
To come at this from the angle of potential audience. Choosing to use the roll-and-move mechanism will severely limit the interest in the game from the hobby boardgamers and hobby boardgamers are the ones that buy the games from small or independent publishers.


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text: The Asus Eee PC 2G Surf launched on Friday alongside its bigger bro, the 8G, and today it's shipping from Newegg. It only has half of the good stuff like storage and RAM, but it's available in a handful of pastel Skittles colors with not-so-masculine names like sky blue, lush green and blush pink. We're also not so sure the $100 price chop on the standard model is worth the spec slash and soldered-on RAM, but let your conscience be your guide. [Newegg]


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Broadband Instruction: Distance Education at New Mexico Tech, Nov. 11, 2005
by Valerie Kimble
Right: Dr. Warren Ostergren
SOCORRO, N.M., Nov. 11, 2005 – A student walks into a classroom in Albuquerque, and is greeted by the course professor in an entirely separate classroom on the campus of New Mexico Tech, 75 miles away.
Such is the scene of the growing technology of distance instruction.
Tech has been offering distance education courses since 2000. Under the umbrella of Educational Outreach/Distance Instruction (EODI), and the direction of Dr. Iver Davidson, the program is thriving and charting new ground.
On this particular afternoon, Dr. Warren Ostergren is preparing to teach session 10 of Managing Technology Resources, a three-credit course in the Engineering Management program.
"The focus of the course is how to be an engineering manager; how to plan, deal with people and provide leadership," said Ostergren, a former manager with General Electric in the areas of power generation and aircraft engines.
He is currently a faculty member with both the Management and Mechanical Engineering departments at New Mexico Tech.
Ostergren brings to his courses real-world experience in engineering management, the science of managing technical people and technical issues, and in dealing with the myriad of issues related to both.
In essence, he says, the skills learned in engineering management can be applied to any technical field.
Engineering management is a relatively new area that caught fire in the 1980s when companies discovered that the finest technical staff did not necessarily make the best managers.
"It used to be on-the-job training, which led to on-the-job problems," said Ostergren.
Enrollment in distance education courses at Tech varies; each course typically draws an average of five to 10 students, the majority of which catch the class over a video feed. Twenty distance ed courses were offered for the Fall 2005 semester.
Macromedia Breeze provides for multiple simultaneous audio and video connections. "We've done some work this semester allowing both instructors and a student presenter to communicate via audio simultaneously during student presentations," said Davidson.
"Next semester, we hope to begin allowing all online distance students equipped with a microphone and headset to use audio to communicate with the class," he said. "We're also working on a way to increase communication between the live class and students taking the class asynchronously."
The arrangement means students no longer have to take a course in a specially equipped classroom. "I have one student who is taking the course while he's on business travel," said Ostergren. "That kind of flexibility is a real advantage to taking the course."
In-class exercises include analyzing technical case studies and offering suggestions on how to respond to a particular situation, from technical problems to interpersonal issues.
Ostergren smiled as he recalled a recent exercise analyzing customer comments about coffee giant Starbucks. He noted a decided difference between the response from students in Socorro and those in larger cities. "We had fun with that discussion," he said.
Discussion in distance instruction refers to typed communications which appear on a screen in the EODI classroom. The instructor then shares the comments with everyone in the class.
Ostergren noted that comments often come in at a frenetic pace, where in a traditional classroom setting, there are usually some students reluctant to speak out. "I found that sort of neat and unexpected," he said.
Because all of Tech's distance offerings are graduate courses, students taking them tend to be highly motivated – and busy: some students have full-time jobs while they pursue a graduate degree.
Ostergren worked for GE in Lynn, Mass., near MIT and other prestigious schools, an area teeming with some of the top students in the country. New Mexico Tech students, he said, can hold their own with the best of them.
"Tech has been very successful in attracting the best minds in New Mexico," Ostergren said. "They come here for a reason. There's no need to police them or try to get them motivated, which has been extremely rewarding."
After a sound check, it's time for class to begin. Ostergren delivers his course lecture before two students in Socorro, one in a distance classroom in Albuquerque, and five others, one of whom is watching the class from a business hotel.


text:
Nanoscale Electrothermal Energy Transport
Additional materials available (4)
Licensed under General Performance Usage.
Published on
Energy consumption in our society is increasing rapidly. More than 85% of the available energy is lost in the form of heat. In this talk we review the potential of thermoelectric devices that allow direct conversion of heat into electricity. Novel metal-semiconductor nanocomposites are developed where the heat and charge transport are modified at the atomic level [1]. Potential to increase the energy conversion efficiency and lower the cost will be discussed. We also describe how similar principles can be used to make high speed micro refrigerators on a chip. Thermoreflectance imaging is used to study Peltier cooling and Joule heating in devices with 800ps time and submicron spatial resolution. The ballistic heat conduction and the transition between energy and entropy transport in ultra short times and in thin film devices will be discussed. Finally a brief overview of new research initiatives at the Birck center will be presented.
Sponsored by
- A. Shakouri, "Recent developments in semiconductor thermoelectric physics and materials," Annual Review of Materials Research, July 2011.
Cite this work
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
203 Physics, Purdue Universtiy, West Lafayette, IN


text:
Every area designated nonattainment for PM–10 pursuant to section 7407(d) of this title shall be classified at the time of such designation, by operation of law, as a moderate PM–10 nonattainment area (also referred to in this subpart as a "Moderate Area") at the time of such designation. At the time of publication of the notice under section 7407(d)(4) of this title(relating to area designations) for each PM–10 nonattainment area, the Administrator shall publish a notice announcing the classification of such area. The provisions of section 7502(a)(1)(B) of this title(relating to lack of notice-and-comment and judicial review) shall apply with respect to such classification.
For a Moderate Area, the attainment date shall be as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the end of the sixth calendar year after the area's designation as nonattainment, except that, for areas designated nonattainment for PM–10 under section 7407(d)(4) of this title, the attainment date shall not extend beyond December 31, 1994.
For a Serious Area, the attainment date shall be as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the end of the tenth calendar year beginning after the area's designation as nonattainment, except that, for areas designated nonattainment for PM–10 under section 7407(d)(4) of this title, the date shall not extend beyond December 31, 2001.
Upon application by any State, the Administrator may extend the attainment date for a Serious Area beyond the date specified under subsection (c), if attainment by the date established under subsection (c) would be impracticable, the State has complied with all requirements and commitments pertaining to that area in the implementation plan, and the State demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the plan for that area includes the most stringent measures that are included in the implementation plan of any State or are achieved in practice in any State, and can feasibly be implemented in the area. At the time of such application, the State must submit a revision to the implementation plan that includes a demonstration of attainment by the most expeditious alternative date practicable. In determining whether to grant an extension, and the appropriate length of time for any such extension, the Administrator may consider the nature and extent of nonattainment, the types and numbers of sources or other emitting activities in the area (including the influence of uncontrollable natural sources and transboundary emissions from foreign countries), the population exposed to concentrations in excess of the standard, the presence and concentration of potentially toxic substances in the mix of particulate emissions in the area, and the technological and economic feasibility of various control measures. The Administrator may not approve an extension until the State submits an attainment demonstration for the area. The Administrator may grant at most one such extension for an area, of no more than 5 years.
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text:
Resources >> Browse Articles >> On the Job
10 Worst Time Wasters at Work
Tania Khadder | NursingLink
Culprit #7: Disorganized Workspace
Your primary workspace might be the top of your desk, the nurse's station, or most likely, a combination of the two. Either way, if it's messy, you'll end up wasting a lot of time looking for things.
The solution: A scattered workspace makes for a scattered mind. De-clutter, and you'll manage your work more efficiently. Before you leave the office, clear your desk of cans, cups, food and paperwork. Use that file cabinet for something other than your box of saltines. Recycle paperwork you're never going to use. And don't add unnecessary items to your files – if you don't need to print something out, don't. Your company's shared drive is perfectly capable of storing documents tidily.


text:
Additional information
£12.99 – £21.99
Bear print from the Wild Adventure series. A perfect wall decoration for a child's bedroom or nursery.
Free UK delivery on all prints!
(see all other shipping rates)
Printed on a 310gsm, 100% cellulose textured fine art paper with a natural white shade and an attractive etching paper finish. This luxurious feeling heavyweight paper is ideal for high quality fine art with excellent archival qualities. It is acid and OBA free.
Prints are available in two sizes, ship with a backing board for framing and are sealed in a cellophane bag for protection. They all include a 1″ border for framing purposes and will fit any standard size 8″x10″ or 11″x14″ frame. Actual printed image is 6″x8″ or 9″x12″ respectively.


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It looks like your browser is out of date.
To use all features of KLM.com safely, we recommend that you update your browser, or that you choose a different one. Continuing with this version may result in parts of the website not being displayed properly, if at all. Also, the security of your personal information is better safeguarded with an updated browser.
The Golestan Palace is still the Valhalla of Persian architecture. This unique structure is one of the oldest buildings in Tehran. Wherever you look, the attention to detail is incredible: each crevice and arch is adorned with unique patterns and paintings. It's no wonder that this palace has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Monument.
In ancient times, Iran was part of Persia. One of the empire's most powerful rulers was the Qajar dynasty, founded by Agha Mohammad Khan. In 1794, Khan became the ruler of large swaths of Persia, including Tehran – which in those days was an insignificant village. Nevertheless, he decided to make it the new capital of his empire. Under Qajar rule, Tehran blossomed into a cosmopolitan city. The Golestan Palace remains as the most important symbol of this golden age. The impressive complex consists of a string of masterful paintings and sculptures.
The complex is also known as the Palace of Flowers. Visitors will immediately understand why: colourful flower decorations dominate the palace interior. The palace consists of various buildings, gardens and ponds that are open to the public and have been transformed into a museum. One of the most beautiful buildings is the Emarat-e-Badgir, which features 4 distinct 'wind towers' that served as a type of air conditioning. Visitors can roam around for hours and imagine what life must have been like at the Persian court.
The Takht-e Marmar or the 'marble throne' is truly spectacular. Fath Ali Shah, the second emperor of the Qajar dynasty, commissioned the carving of this ornate seat. The royal sculptors worked for 4 years on this sculpture, using 65 pieces of marble that were brought in from a mine hundreds of kilometres south of the city. The throne rests on a platform of human figures and is supported by pillars of mythical creatures. Even 200 years later, the intricate delicate carvings have lost none of their beauty.


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So Baros has retired from international football - just 3 weeks too late.
World Scrabble Champion 2014. National Scrabble Champion 2009, 2015.
Author of Word Addict
Countdown Series 57 Champion
King of the Arcade
ECB - you are a complete ****ing disgrace, #FTECB
I don't usually look forward to spiteful, potentially borderline-violent sporting matches, buuuut....
fade, made to fade
passion's overrated anyway
forever 63*
Gomez, Podolski and Muller out; Klose, Reus and Schurrle in.
First 2 are good moves IMO, Klose links up much better with Ozil than Gomez does and Podolski has been Germany's worst player.
Do not argue with an idiot. He will drag you down to his level and beat you with experience.
RIP Craigos
Germans looking impressive here.
Some pretty good young talent.
Plenty of hope for England, Samaras scored ffs.
Fabregas showing his CDMs training there. Sees the arm coming over so he grabs it to try and make it look like he's been pushed and then falls over.
One of the few times I'll ever want France to win.
Rib-tickling defence all-round from Johnny Frenchy.
Cricket Web's current Premier League Tipping Champion
- As featured in The Independent.
"Brexit is the Tory party's baby; it's been a long and painful labour and, at the very last minute, they've sh@t all over it.'" - Frankie Boyle
I think the French keeper made an utter horlicks of that - committed way too far left, for way too long, and was totally off balance at the point Alonso met his head when it was clear to everyone that he'd be meeting it and heading at goal.
MSN Messenger: minardineil2000 at hotmail dot com | AAAS Chairman
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That was a trifle dull, hope our French cousins can get their derrieres in gear in the second half.
Spain are so tedious, scored a goal the only time they tried to and now they can kill the game. Was a pretty good argument for the no-striker formation though tbf- the French defence had no idea who was going to arrive in the box or when they'd get there.
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MUST WATCH: First Trailer For CAPTAIN AMERICA: CIVIL WAR
|Click to enlarge
I won't ruin the trailer for you visually - it was tempting to put up screenshots from the more interesting scenes, but you can see it for yourself in action below. Of course you may be reserving all that initial surprise for the movie itself and if you can do that - congratulations! It's a long haul until release.
What I will say is I love how the characters are clashing AND coming together for this thing. I can imagine CACV building tension to the extreme and then cutting it loose. I can see where 3D is going to augment scenes. It's been a long time coming but we're finally going to have a toe-to-toe between Stark and Rogers.
Enjoy. CAPTAIN AMERICA: CIVIL WAR opens on May 6.


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|These pages are currently being completely re-written to reflect the new KDE infrastructure and may not be in a consistent state. Information and commands on some page may no longer be valid and should be used with care.
Languages: عربي | Asturianu | Català | Česky | Kaszëbsczi | Dansk | Deutsch | English | Esperanto | Español | Eesti | فارسی | Suomi | Français | Galego | Italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | Norwegian | Polski | Português Brasileiro | Română | Русский | Svenska | Slovenčina | Slovenščina | српски | Türkçe | Tiếng Việt | Українська | 简体中文 | 繁體中文
This page provides an overview of the KDE build process.
The build process described in these pages is kept as simple and generic as possible, but it is generally assumed you are building KDE4 on Linux. Extra information about building KDE Software on specific distributions or platforms, or certain conditions can be found at the following links:
This section will briefly explain the concepts and steps involved in building software so you are not being asked to blindly follow some recipes you do not understand.
It is assumed you are at least familiar with the basics of using the command line.
The Source step is obtaining a local copy of the source code that you want to build. There are 3 main ways of doing this:
For developing on the unstable branch of the KDE SC it is recommended you Clone or Checkout the required repositories.
Note that Checkout has a different meaning in Git than it does in Subversion.
The following example recipe shows the sequence of commands you would need to enter into the command line to build a typical KDE module:
cd ~/kde-devel/src git clone http://anongit.kde.org/kdelibs.git mkdir ~/kde-devel/build/kdelibs cd ~/kde-devel/build/kdelibs cmake ~/kde-devel/src/kdelibs \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=debugfull \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$KDEDIR make make install
Let's break that recipe down and explain each step.
First you navigate to a convenient folder to save the code in:
cd ~/kde-devel/src
Then request a copy of the code from the KDE source repository, in this example a copy of kdelibs from Git:
git clone http://anongit.kde.org/kdelibs.git
This may take some time to process. For Git you will see out output similar to:
myuser@mybox:~/kde-devel/src> git clone http://anongit.kde.org/kdelibs.git http://anongit.kde.org/kdelibs.git Initialized empty Git repository in /home/myuser/kde-devel/src/kdelibs/.git/ remote: Counting objects: 722134, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (138759/138759), done. remote: Total 722134 (delta 586243), reused 715797 (delta 580373) Receiving objects: 100% (722134/722134), 140.90 MiB | 706 KiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (586243/586243), done. myuser@mybox:~/kde-devel/src>
This example will create a folder called ~/kde-devel/src/kdelibs containing all the kdelibs source code and all its history since KDE began.
For an SVN checkout you will instead see output similar to:
myuser@mybox:~/kde-devel/src> svn checkout svn://anonsvn.kde.org/home/kde/trunk/KDE/kdesdk A kdesdk/cmake A kdesdk/cmake/samples A kdesdk/cmake/samples/kpager A kdesdk/cmake/samples/kpager/CMakeLists.txt ... A kdesdk/COPYING.LIB U kdesdk Checked out revision 1223739. myuser@mybox:~/kde-devel/src>
First you create a convenient folder to build the code in:
mkdir ~/kde-devel/build/kdelibs cd ~/kde-devel/build/kdelibs
Next you need to run CMake to create the configuration files to be used in the build:
cmake ~/kde-devel/src/kdelibs \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=debugfull \ -DKDE4_BUILD_TESTS=TRUE \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$KDEDIR
Various options can be passed to CMake to control how a project gets built, but these are the most common:
The easiest way to build the KDE SC from scratch is to use one of the build scripts that are available. This approach is highly recommended for those new to building KDE SC as it takes care of the Source, Configure, Build, Install and Update steps for you. The builds remain compatible with the manual methods of building KDE SC so you can change later if you want.
Manually building KDE Software requires that you first set up the build environment and install the required development tools and libraries.
This section still to be updated.
Short version: Using exactly the same recipe and environment you used to build kdesupport build the core KDE modules from Git in the following order:
kdlibs kdepimlibs kde-runtime kde-workspace kde-baseapps konsole kate
After this you are able to build whatever module you are interested in from the appropriate Git or Subversion repository.
The old instructions can be found here:
Compile and Linking errors are frequent sources of discouragement. Make careful note of the first occurrence of an error in your build process. It could be as simple as a bad environment variable, an unexpected version of a library or missing prerequisite. Please read the instructions carefully.
Please review your logs and do searches for fixes. If you cannot find a solution, try the Troubleshooting page. If you still cannot resolve the problem then please ask for help on IRC or a Mailing List.


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Recent advances in anaesthesia and analgesia (including oxygen therapy).
Blakiston, 1939 - Analgesia - 333 pages
What people are saying - Write a review
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Theoretical Aspects of Inhalation Anaesthesia
Nitrous Oxide and the Hydrocarbon Gases
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abdominal acid administration adrenaline Amer anaesthesia anaesthetic anaesthetist analgesic Anesth avertin barbiturates barbituric acid basal narcosis blood pressure bronchoscopy carbon dioxide cardiac failure catheter cause Chapter Chir chloroform cocaine cyanosis cyclopropane cylinders di-ethyl ether di-vinyl ether dose drug employed ether ethyl chloride ethylene evipan evipan sodium extremely facepiece flow-meter fluid gas-oxygen apparatus gases given glottis glucose goitre Hewer hydrochloride infiltration inhalation injection intravenous intubation Jour July Lancet liver lumbar puncture lung method minutes mixture narcotic nasal needle nembutal nerve nitrous oxide nitrous oxide-oxygen normal novocaine Obst obtained occurs operation oxygen paraldehyde patient pentothal percaine produce prolonged pulmonary complications pulse puncture pure rebreathing recently rectal respiration respiratory rubber saline scopolamine shock shown solution spinal analgesia spinal block splanchnic suction Surg surgery technique thoracic tissues toxic goitre tracheal tube usually valve vapour vomiting Woch


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text:
Hi all,
Been lurking for a couple of weeks (or maybe months now), so just thought I'd say hello & thanks for your postings.
I have recently returned to railway modelling, (never actually created a layout before).
First I bought '00' but felt it wasn't 'right', and am now in the process of building a small '0' gauge layout.
Now what do I do with the '00' stock & track, so I'm thinking, I might as well join the Gnutters & put some fun back into my Gnew hobby.
So I am now trawling through the forum looking for ideas to steal/copy.
Happy modelling.


text:
Evolve your software system to support new and ever-changing requirements by updating your C# code base with patterns and principles
Overview of Refactoring with Microsoft Visual Studio 2010
- Make your code base maintainable with refactoring
- Support new features more easily by making your system adaptable
- Enhance your system with an improved object-oriented design and increased encapsulation and componentization
- Concepts are presented in a comfortable one-on-one, pair-programming style
- A practical approach that's packed with examples to enrich understanding
In Detail
Changes to design are an everyday task for many people involved in a software project. Refactoring recognizes this reality and systematizes the distinct process of modifying design and structure without affecting the external behavior of the system. As you consider the benefits of refactoring, you will need this complete guide to steer you through the process of refactoring your code for optimum results.
This book will show you how to make your code base more maintainable by detailing various refactorings. Visual Studio includes some basic refactorings that can be used independently or in conjunction to make complex refactorings easier and more approachable. This book will discuss large-scale code management, which typically calls for refactoring. To do this, we will use enterprise editions of Visual Studio, which incorporate features like Application Performance Explorer and Visual Studio Analyzer. These features make it simple to handle code and prove helpful for refactoring quickly.
This book introduces you to improving a software system's design through refactoring. It begins with simple refactoring and works its way through complex refactoring. You will learn how to change the design of your software system and how to prioritize refactorings--including how to use various Visual Studio features to focus and prioritize design changes. The book also covers how to ensure quality in the light of seemingly drastic changes to a software system. You will also be able to apply standard established principles and patterns as part of the refactoring effort with the help of this book. You will be able to support your evolving code base by refactoring architectural behavior. As an end result, you will have an adaptable system with improved code readability, maintainability, and navigability.
Refactor Visual Studio solutions to make them more maintainable
What you will learn from this book
- Improve code readability by applying effective concepts and techniques
- Spot discrepancies in code with code smells
- Catch and eliminate dead code and learn several such smart methods
- Make changes to your code without introducing adverse side-effects with code maintainability
- Learn smart ways to improve code navigability
- Improve your design by applying design principles and methodologies
- Enhance the maintainability of your code base by refactoring it to be more cohesive and less coupled
- Obtain an optimal level of flexibility by refactoring your code to a loosely-coupled design
- Minimize the side effects and support changes to your code by refactoring to a layered architecture
- Support your evolving code base by refactoring architectural behavior
- Back up the refactoring effort by ensuring quality with Unit Testing
This book focuses on real-world, easy-to-understand examples of code in a one-on-one style. Refactoring examples are performed and reasons why this refactoring should be applied are detailed. The book is structured from less advanced topics to more advanced topics; but is designed so that reading from beginning to end is not necessary.
Who this book is written for
This book is primarily for developers who want to refactor their code in Visual Studio. However, the book can be used by anyone using Visual Studio. Developers, designers, and architects who are eager to improve the performance of their craft will find this book useful because it details refactoring existing code to use recognized and established patterns and principles to improve code structure and architectural behavior.
The book assumes that the reader knows both Visual Studio and C#, but no previous knowledge of refactoring is required.


text:
Posted 7 years ago
(310 items)
I just thought I would post several more of those Beatles/George Harrison posters I found at that sale.
#1: George Harrison and Eric Clapton, 1973
#2: 1967 Black Light Beatles Poster, Leslie Tobin #100(remember all that black light stuff?)
#3: One of my favorites. This is a 1967 TeenSet Magazine Poster Spectacular #1. "This is your Giant Wall Size Poster of George Harrison and Davy Jones(approximately two feet by three feet)." Davy Jones is on the back.
I really enjoy these, it was a great find.


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Find information on common issues.
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Using the fettoy matlab files
Closed | Responses: 0
How Can I use the matlab m files to simulate the device without using the online tool?
Need to hire a nanohub freelancer to model a graphene OFET, vertical transistor -- fees MOSFET
I need to hire a freelancer to model and predict a FET.
I am not familiar with FETTOY.
You will use a program like FETTOY to help us optimize the design of a FET...
How can I get the uscf from this tool,carbon nanotube mosfet?
Hi, please what are the channel length for the single and DG MOSFETS
LDOS PLot
please can fettoy plots the LDOS along the CNTFET channel?
What is the Gate Length of the four devices being discussed in this tool??
May I use Fettoy for modeling defected GNRFET?
Open | Responses: 1
wanna download fettoy tool ..pls help..
can i use fettoy to calculate I-V characteristics of a simple P-N junction before and after illumination to solar energy in 1D ?
Closed | Responses: 1
include more subbands in the simulation
FETToy normally considers the contribution of the lowest subband. how can I include more subbands when doing the simulation? It would be my honor to get replied.
Why is the floating source present in the MOSFET but not in the CNFET?
I was looking into FETTOY codes for CNFET and MOSFET. I noticed that the floating source is implemented in the MOSFET to ensure charge neutrality but the CNFET code does not have the...
substrate of this model
may I know what is the substrate for this model.if I change the substrate of this model,what parameter should I change? example substrate such as http://nanohub.org/answers/question/989
Expansion of the term FETToy
I would like to know about the gate length of nano scale mosfet
How do I use the floating source potential?
I was trying to use the MOSFET version of FETTOY and would like to use the floating source potential. I noticed that I need to define the Equilibrium Source Carrier Concentration NSD2D. How...
equation of Id
sir, from where can i find equation of Id ,sir in your learning module you have mentioned various equations for double gate but can we apply the same equation to GAA?thanks
Threshold voltage
Thanks for such a useful tool.
How does the entered threshold voltage used in CNTFET calculations, is it just subtracted from gate voltage to obtain effective gate voltage? I cannot see a...
how can i get netlist after simulating silicon nanowire fet device?thank you
FETToy :Can I use this tool to design circuits
If download the tool, can use it for designing and simulating the circuits for eg;counter,SRAM etc using CNTFET. If not, is it easy to edit and make changes for simulating...


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Tanzânia: PIB per capita, Paridade do Poder de Compra: Para este indicador, O Banco Mundial fornece dados para Tanzânia de 1990 a 2017. O valor médio por Tanzânia durante este período foi 1811.24 U.S. dollars com o mínimo de 1361.41 U.S. dollars em 1994 e o máximo de 2683.3 U.S. dollars em 2017.
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Definição: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2011 international dollars.


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Frank C. Sherburne Jr. of Holland, who had taught mathematics at Hope College for 35 years before retiring in 1994, has died. He was 83.
Sherburne, who died on Monday, June 4, 2012, joined the college's faculty in February 1959 as an instructor of mathematics, and was promoted to assistant professor in 1962, to associate professor in 1976 and to professor in 1993. Across his career he had taught several courses in the department, including "Calculus I, II and III," "Survey of Calculus," "Finite Mathematics" and "History of Mathematics." He had developed the course sequence "Mathematics for Elementary Teachers I and II."
He served the college in a variety of ways through the years in addition to teaching, including as secretary of the faculty; as ticket manager for football and basketball; as his department's liaison to the college's library; and as a member of the Distinguished Alumni Award Committee. Among other activities, he had portrayed Professor Willard in Hope Summer Repertory Theatre's 1989 production of Thornton Wilder's "Our Town."
In past service to the community, Sherburne had been a member of the Herrick District Library board for 14 years, including as president, and had also been on the Computer Services Committee of the City of Holland for five years. He was a member of Hope Church in Holland, where his involvement had included terms as an elder.
He was a member of several professional associations, including the Mathematical Association of America, the American Mathematical Society and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. In 1991, he received the Longevity Award from the Michigan Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
Sherburne was born in Indianapolis, Ind., on Nov. 13, 1928, and attended elementary and secondary school in Indiana, Pennsylvania and Ohio. He graduated from the University of Toledo in 1952 with a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics. He completed a Master of Science degree in mathematics at Michigan State University in 1956.
He was a veteran of the U.S. Army, in which he served from 1952 to 1954. Prior to joining the Hope faculty, he was a graduate assistant at Michigan State University.
Survivors include his wife of 59 years, Dorothy; their children, Marie and Randy Mercier of Tustin, and Richard Sherburne of Ann Arbor; grandchildren, Will Sherburne, Ashley Sherburne, and Janice and Kevin Walker; nieces; and a cousin.
Visitation will be on Thursday, June 7, from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. at Mulder Chapel--Dykstra Funeral Homes, 188 W. 32nd St. in Holland. The funeral service will be on Friday, June 8, at 11 a.m. at Hope Church, 77 W. 11th St. in Holland.


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Cupcakes, cookies, cakes, galore! Yes, you read that right. There is a all vegan world bake sale coming to a neighborhood near you! April 24th through May 2nd is the 2nd annual Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale. You may be asking, what exactly is the Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale? It is a two week vegan baked goods extravaganza that raises money for a variety of causes in the vegan world sponsored by Compassion for Animals. The first year it was put on, 2009, they were able to raise over $25,000 and were voted "Veg Event of the Year" by VegNews Magazine.
The best thing about this event is it is completely DIY. Anyone, that means even you, can participate! You do not have to belong to an organization or non-profit to hold a sale. The producers of the event invite all people to join in and raise money! What a great way to expose people to the delights of vegan baking as well as raise money for animal rights. There are only two rules to Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale, first rule, don't talk about Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale….ok, ok that was too easy, but we just had to throw in a Fight Club joke. But really there are two simple rules to abide by:
1) ALL baked goods must be Vegan (learn more about Vegan baking)
2) Nothing sold or given out at the sale should directly promote the harm of animals.
Seems pretty simple! There are already great events lined up all over the world including Europe, Australia, Brazil, Finland, Singapore, and the US. Find out if any sales are happening in your area. If not, plan an event yourself! All you have to do is lock down your details and fill out this simple form. Your event will be posted on the website and promoted worldwide. If you aren't sure exactly how to plan a sale, take a look at these handy Bake Sale Tips. And if you want to make your event official or if you just want to promote this awesome event, Herbivore Clothing has released a pretty cute official Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale Shirt, a portion of the sales go to various animal sanctuaries and vegan organizations.
Even if you can not plan an event, please check your local area to attend an event and add them on Facebook. This is an exciting, inclusive event which will help educate the mainstream, as well as introduce people to the tasty and satisfying world of vegan baked goods. And to top it off, it raises money to fund animal rights and vegan organizations. We can't find a single thing wrong with this event and look forward to attending some in our neck of the woods. Happy vegan baking or consuming! 🙂


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Patrol Leader
From MeritBadgeDotOrg
Revision as of 12:21, September 23, 2008 by Milominderbinder2 (Talk | contribs)
|Patrol Leader
Position description
The patrol leader is the elected leader of his patrol. He represents his patrol on the patrol leaders' council. He appoints an Assistant Patrol Leader.
|Serving as Patrol Leader can apply towards Positions of Responsibility requriements for Star, Life, and Eagle.
Reports to
- Plan and lead patrol meetings and activities.
- Keep patrol members informed.
- Assign each patrol member a specific duty.
- Represent your patrol at all patrol leaders' council meetings and the annual program planning conference.
- Prepare the patrol to participate in all troop activities.
- Work with other troop leaders to make the troop run well.
- Know the abilities of each patrol member.
- Set a good example.
- Wear the Scout uniform correctly.
- Live by the Scout Oath and Law.
- Show and develop patrol spirit.
Ten Tips for Patrol Leaders
From Ten Tips for Being a Good Patrol Leader
- Keep Your Word. Don't make promises you can't keep.
- Be Fair to All. A good leader shows no favorites. Don't allow friendships to keep you from being fair to all members of your patrol. Know who likes to do what, and assign duties to patrol members by what they like to do.
- Be a Good Communicator. You don't need a commanding voice to be a good leader, but you must be willing to step out front with an effective "Let's go." A good leader knows how to get and give information so that everyone understands what's going on.
- Be Flexible. Everything doesn't always go as planned. Be prepared to shift to "plan B" when "plan A" doesn't work.
- Be Organized. The time you spend planning will be repaid many times over. At patrol meetings, record who agrees to do each task, and fill out the duty roster before going camping.
- Delegate. Some leaders assume that the job will not get done unless they do it themselves. Most people like to be challenged with a task. Empower your patrol members to do things they have never tried.
- Set an Example. The most important thing you can do is lead by example. Whatever you do, your patrol members are likely to do the same. A cheerful attitude can keep everyone's spirits up.
- Be Consistent. Nothing is more confusing than a leader who is one way one moment and another way a short time later. If your patrol knows what to expect from you, they will more likely respond positively to your leadership.
- Give Praise. The best way to get credit is to give it away. Often a "Nice job" is all the praise necessary to make a Scout feel he is contributing to the efforts of the patrol.
- Ask for Help. Don't be embarrassed to ask for help. You have many resources at your disposal. When confronted with a situation you don't know how to handle, ask someone with more experience for some advice and direction.
See also
|Scouts BSA portal
Troop Positions of Responsibility
(Youth Positions)
(Youth Positions)


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Kroger shares hit a fresh 52-week high Thursday after topping Wall Street's quarterly profit view and raising its 2012 profit forecast, rewarding investors who've been seeking shelter in the stock the past three months.
Shares of Kroger, considered a traditional, old-school supermarket chain, have been the go-to place for supermarket investors, gaining favored status over the likes of high-growth chains Whole Foods Market and Fresh Market .
Since late August, Kroger's stock is up 17%, including dividend payments.
That compares with a 4% loss for Whole Foods and an 11% drop for Fresh Market as investors have bagged profits on both of those grocers and reconsidered how much they are willing to pay up for growth. Whole Foods and Fresh Market trade at far higher price-to-earnings multiples' than Kroger.
Kroger's stock is even besting the 0.5% gain (dividends included) for the S&P 500 over the past three months, suggesting investors are using Kroger as a safe haven amid the broader sell off in U.S. equities.
On Thursday, Kroger reported its same-store sales grew 3.2% during its fiscal third quarter, its 36th straight quarter of positive sales at its supermarkets open 15 or more months. In afternoon trade, the stock rose 4% to $26.05.
-Matt Andrejczak
Follow me on Twitter @MarketwatchMatt
Follow The Tell blog on Twitter @thetellblog


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Designed for smaller hands, this John Deere ultra-tough "sandpit" dump truck features easy-to-use dumping tray, free-rolling wheels and a child-friendly design. Whether you're hauling earth or shifting sand in the sandpit, 'mining' and construction time has just become a lot more fun. Suitable for ages 3+.Size: (38cm)
Delivery ChargesThe cost to deliver your order, no matter the size or weight, anywhere within Australia is $9.90 including packing & handling. It's called a 'Flat-Rate' shipping fee and you're going to love it because you will pay no more to have your entire order delivered to your door by Australia Post.
Delivery TimesAustralia is a large country geographically which means transit times can vary significantly from one location to the next. Deliveries can take anywhere between 1 to 10 days, or even more to places like Christmas Island. All orders are packed and despatched from our Derrimut (Melbourne-based) warehouse.
Same Day DespatchFor same-day despatch, orders must be placed and paid for prior to 10:00am (local Melbourne time or AEST). This excludes weekends, public holidays and peak periods during the October, November & December months.
Next-Day DeliveryUrgent, next-day* deliveries are offered to specific areas of Australia by Australia Post. Delivery areas that are covered by the Express Post Network can be can be viewed here. Addresses situated outside of the Express Post network may still be ordered as 'Express Post' if quicker delivery times are needed, compared to standard shipping. *Additional shipping fees apply.
Order Collection/PickupOrders may be collected from our warehouse (located at 180 Calarco Drive, Derrimut Victoria). Please remember to select "Warehouse P/U" as your shipping method at the checkout. This is a free service and you may collect your order from our warehouse usually within the hour.


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The average pay for a Project Engineer is €17.00 per hour.
The average pay for a Project Engineer is €39,201 per year.
|€30,602 - €58,958
|€500 - €7,000
|Profit Sharing
|Total Pay (
XTotal Pay combines base annual salary or hourly wage, bonuses, profit sharing, tips, commissions, overtime pay and other forms of cash earnings, as applicable for this job. It does not include equity (stock) compensation, cash value of retirement benefits, or the value of other non-cash benefits (e.g. healthcare).)
|€31,593 - €64,595
Job Description for Project Engineer
Project engineers oversee technical staff on engineering projects within their company, ensuring that projects are completed on schedule, within budget and within project specifications. They coordinate efforts among staff and ensure that effective communication exists among the various divisions or staffs involved in projects, as well as ensure resource allocation is effective, efficient and sufficient to complete the project. Project engineers use their expertise as an engineer throughout their work, and they may be the customer's technical point of contact as well. These engineers typically work alongside other engineers in an office setting, with regular travel to project sites potentially needed as well. These professionals generally work during regular business hours, although additional and/or alternative hours may be required depending on project deadlines and the needs of the business.Read More...
Requirements for this position vary depending on the company and specific position. Generally, at least a bachelor's degree in engineering is required; however, a post-baccalaureate degree may be required or preferred as well. Previous experience in a related role is needed, potentially including in a leadership position. Project engineers must have a good understanding of project management, financial management and budgeting, as well as have good communication and teamwork skills. (Copyright 2019 PayScale.com)
- Utilize engineering knowledge for project management; estimate timelines and schedules; anticipate risks and costs related to the technical aspects of the project.
- Coordinate and communicate between various areas; supervise and train project staff as needed.
- Plan and organize technical projects from conception to completion.
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