text:
Patent application title: METHOD OF INTERACTING WITH PRINTED CONTENT VIA HANDHELD DISPLAY DEVICE
Paul Lapstun (Balmain, AU)
Kia Silverbrook (Balmain, AU)
Tobin Allen King (Balmain, AU)
IPC8 Class: AG06F3041FI
USPC Class:
Class name: Computer graphics processing and selective visual display systems display peripheral interface input device touch panel
Publication date: 2011-12-29
Patent application number: 20110316806
Sign up to receive free email alerts when patent applications with chosen keywords are published SIGN UP
A method of interacting with printed content using a handheld display
device. The method includes the steps of: imaging an area of a printed
substrate and generating image data using an image sensor; determining
interaction data using the image data, retrieving display data using an
identified page description, the display data corresponding to the
printed content; displaying, on an opaque touch-sensitive display screen
of the handheld display device, display information based on the display
data; and interacting with the display information via the opaque
touch-sensitive display screen. The opaque touch-sensitive display screen
has real-time virtual transparency through the screen to the printed
content from a user's perspective to provide a virtual window to the
printed content.
1. A method of interacting with printed content using a handheld display
device, said method comprising the steps of: imaging an area of a printed
substrate and generating image data using an image sensor of the handheld
display device, the imaged area of the printed substrate containing the
printed content; determining interaction data using said image data, said
interaction data identifying a page description corresponding to at least
part of the printed substrate; retrieving display data using the page
description, said display data corresponding to at least some of the
printed content; displaying, on an opaque touch-sensitive display screen
of the handheld display device, display information at least partially
based on said display data, wherein the opaque touch-sensitive display
screen has real-time virtual transparency through the screen to the
printed content from a user's perspective to provide a virtual window to
the printed content; and interacting with said display information via
said opaque touch-sensitive display screen.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said device is a mobile phone or a personal digital assistant.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said display data is retrieved via a transceiver of said handheld display device.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said interaction data identifies a position of the device relative to the printed substrate and said retrieved display data corresponds to a part of the substrate containing said position.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said device comprises a memory and said method further comprises the step of: storing the retrieved display data in said memory.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: magnifying said display information.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: snapping said display information, wherein snapped display information is displayed irrespective of a position of said device relative to said substrate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein a snapped displayed hyperlink remains interactive via said touch-sensitive display screen irrespective of the position of said device relative to said substrate.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of: navigating a display page via said snapped display information, said display page corresponding to the printed substrate.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said printed substrate comprises coded data disposed thereon or therein, said coded data identifying a substrate identity indexed with said page description.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said coded data further identifies a plurality of locations on the substrate.
12. A handheld display device for interacting with printed content, said device comprising: an optical sensor for imaging an area of a printed substrate containing the printed content and generating image data; a processor for determining interaction data using the image data, said interaction data identifying a page description corresponding to at least part of the printed substrate;; a data retrieval unit for retrieving display data using the page description, said display data corresponding to at least some of the printed content; and an opaque touch-sensitive display screen for displaying display information based at least partially on said display data, wherein the opaque touch-sensitive display screen has real-time virtual transparency through the screen to the printed content from a user's perspective to provide a virtual window to the printed content, and wherein the opaque touch-sensitive display screen enables user interactivity with the display information.
13. The handheld display device of claim 12, which is a mobile phone or a personal digital assistant.
14. The handheld display device of claim 13, wherein the data retrieval unit comprises a digital transceiver.
15. The handheld display device of claim 14, wherein said transceiver is at least one of: a short-range wireless transceiver and a mobile phone transceiver.
16. The handheld display device of claim 12, wherein said interaction data identifies a position of the device relative to the printed substrate and said retrieved display data corresponds to a part of the substrate containing said position.
17. The handheld display device of claim 12, wherein said device comprises a memory for storing the retrieved display data.
18. An interactive application for execution on a handheld display device having an image sensor, a processor and an opaque touch-sensitive display screen, the interactive application being configured to operatively control the device so as to perform the steps of: imaging an area of a printed substrate and generating image data using the image sensor of the handheld display device, the imaged area of the printed substrate containing printed content; determining interaction data using said image data, said interaction data identifying a page description corresponding to at least part of the printed substrate; retrieving display data using the page description, said display data corresponding to at least some of the printed content; displaying, on the opaque touch-sensitive display screen, display information at least partially based on said display data, wherein the opaque touch-sensitive display screen has real-time virtual transparency through the screen to the printed content from a user's perspective to provide a virtual window to the printed content, wherein the interactive application is configured to operatively control the device so as to perform the further step of: responding to user interactions with said display information via touch-sensitive display screen.
[0001] This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/750,449 filed Mar. 30, 2010, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/341,861 filed Dec. 22, 2008, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/917,436 filed Aug. 13, 2004, now issued U.S. Pat. No. 7,609,410, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/722,147 filed Nov. 25, 2000, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,946,672 all of which is herein corporated by referance.
[0002] The present invention relates generally to devices for interacting with computer systems, and in particular, to a device which may be used to render otherwise passive surfaces audiovisually interactive via invisible surface codings.
[0003] Various methods, systems and apparatus relating to the present invention are disclosed in the following co-pending applications/granted patents filed by the applicant or assignee of the present invention.
[0004] The disclosures of these co-pending applications are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
[0005] Various methods, systems and apparatus relating to the present invention are disclosed in the following co-pending applications/granted patents filed by the applicant or assignee of the present invention on Oct. 20, 2000:
The disclosures of these co-pending applications are incorporated herein by reference.
[0006] Various methods, systems and apparatus relating to the present invention are disclosed in the following co-pending applications/granted patents filed by the applicant or assignee of the present invention on Sep. 15, 2000:
The disclosures of these co-pending applications are incorporated herein by reference.
[0007] Various methods, systems and apparatus relating to the present invention are disclosed in the following co-pending applications/granted patents filed by the applicant or assignee of the present invention on Jun. 30, 2000:
The disclosures of these co-pending applications are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
[0008] Various methods, systems and apparatus relating to the present invention are disclosed in the following co-pending applications/granted patents filed by the applicant or assignee of the present invention on 23 May 2000:
[0009] The disclosures of these co-pending applications are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
[0010] Devices such as personal computers, personal digital assistants and even mobile phones may be used to interact with audiovisual information and with computer applications which have an audiovisual interface.
[0011] In general, these devices don't provide access to situated interactive information or application interfaces, e.g. to an online fan club chat group associated with a concert poster encountered at a train station, or a mortgage calculator associated with a flyer received through the mail. Each device must be used to seek out the desired information or application interface through a virtual space accessible through the device, or the information or application must be brought to the device in a device-compatible physical format.
[0012] The present invention utilizes methods, systems and devices related to a system referred to as "netpage", described in our co-pending applications listed above, wherein invisible coded data is disposed on various surfaces to render the surfaces interactive in the manner of graphical user interfaces to computer systems.
[0013] In one broad form the invention provides a viewer with one or more sensors capable of sensing coded data. Images which include coded data are sensed by the viewer and decoded. The decoded information is transmitted to a computer system which associates the decoded data with one or more files stored on the system, using previously stored association data. The file or files are transmitted to the viewer and to the user via the viewer's display screen. The device includes a printing mechanism which allows markings to be made on a substrate. The markings may be based partially or wholly on user input or on data transmitted from the computer system to the viewer.
[0014] Accordingly, in one broad form, the invention provides a viewer including:
[0015] at least one sensor for sensing coded data on or in a substrate and for generating first data;
[0016] a transceiver for transmitting said first data or second data at least partially based on the first data to a computer system and for receiving at least display data associated with an identity derived from the first data from the computer system;
[0017] at least one display device for outputting visual information based at least partially on said display data, and
[0018] a printer mechanism for printing on the substrate.
[0019] Printer mechanisms other than conventional ink deposition type print mechanisms may be used. Examples of other types of print mechanisms include the use of thermal paper, such as used in facsimile machines. In addition the substrate may be imprinted with electronically active inks and the print mechanism may be a device for selectively changing the state of the electronically active inks. For a better understanding of electronically active inks, reference is made to U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,017,584, 6,124,851, 6,120,839, 6,120,588, 6,118,426 and 6,067,185, all assigned to E Ink Corporation, the contents of each of which are included herein by reference.
[0020] In one form the visual output corresponds to a human discernable interface on the substrate, such as text.
[0021] In use the viewer may be moved across a substrate tiled with data encoded tags and the output is modified as the viewer is moved across the substrate so as to correspond to the interface on the substrate.
[0022] The optical output may correspond to the interface but be text in the same or a different language as the interface. The optical output may include the same, more or less information as the interface on the substrate. The interface may represent information, such as bank account information which is not displayed on the interface in full but is displayed in full via the viewer.
[0023] The device preferably has controls to enable the optical output to display information with a size the same, less or more than the corresponding information on the interface.
[0024] The device preferably includes a touch screen and the optical output includes interactive elements by which the user may modify the optical output by interaction with the touch screen.
[0025] The touch screen may be used to input writing or other markings from the user. The viewer may then print markings on the substrate based on the user input markings. The markings printed may be substantially identical to the user input markings or may be printed text corresponding to user input handwriting after the user input has undergone text recognition processes.
[0026] The device may also display motion pictures, in which case the physical relationship between the viewer and the substrate once the coded data has been transmitted may be immaterial.
[0027] The viewer may also include memory into which a file or files are downloaded for subsequent viewing.
[0028] When the viewer is lifted from the page the portion of the page with which the viewer was last in contact can be retained by the viewer and remain interactive. The viewer can do this by default, or alternatively only when the user `freezes` or `snaps` the current view before lifting the viewer from the page, as discussed in more detail below. The viewer may include controls for rotating and panning the view after the viewer has been lifted from the page, allowing the viewer to be used to navigate an entire page after only a single contact with it. The navigation controls may be in the form of a small joystick, or a pair of orthogonal thumb wheels, or may be provided via the touch-screen.
[0029] The viewer senses the identity of the underlying page as well as its own position and orientation relative to the page using a netpage sensor embedded in the viewer. The viewer can contain multiple sensors (one in each corner, for example), so that it works when only partially overlapping a page or even when overlapping multiple pages. A single sensor located in the center of the viewer is sufficient for most purposes, however, and is most economical.
[0030] The viewer is capable of providing an enhanced view of the underlying page. In the dark, for example, it can provide a lit view of the page. When magnification is needed, it can provide a zoomed view of the page via its zoom controls. The viewer may also be able to provide a zoomed-out view of the page.
[0031] The viewer can provide an alternative (or additional) netpage data entry mechanism, i.e. the usual kinds of inputs, including drawing and handwriting and gestures, can be captured relative to the displayed page via the touch-screen instead of relative to the physical page via the netpage pen.
[0032] The viewer can provide access to dynamic content, such as audio and video, in the context of a physical page. Playback controls which provide access to interactive content are typically only shown when the page is viewed through the viewer. They may be shown on the printed page as well, although ideally in a form which clearly indicates that they are inactive. Status information such as playing time may also be shown on-screen. The underlying page layout should provide space for the display of interactive controls and status information, so that the printed page and on-screen display remain compatible. Interactive control is not limited to playback of streaming media such as audio and video. It can include arbitrary interaction with a computer application. It may, for example, include manipulation of an object in 3D.
[0033] FIG. 1 is a perspective view from above of an embodiment of the invention;
[0034] FIG. 2 is a perspective view from below of the FIG. 1 device;
[0035] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view from above of the FIG. 1 device;
[0036] FIG. 4 is a side view from the rear of the device of FIG. 1;
[0037] FIG. 5 is a plan view from above of the FIG. 1 device;
[0038] FIG. 6 is a side view from the right of the FIG. 1 device;
[0039] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5;
[0040] FIG. 8 is a perspective view from above of the internal components of the FIG. 1 device;
[0041] FIG. 9 is a perspective view from below of the internal components of the FIG. 1 device;
[0042] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the underside of the PCB of the FIG. 1 device;
[0043] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the FIG. 1 device in use on a coded substrate in a first orientation;
[0044] FIG. 12 is a view from the side of the FIG. 11 arrangement;
[0045] FIG. 13 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 device in a second orientation on the substrate of FIG. 11.
[0046] FIG. 14 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 device viewer showing a `lifted` view of a page;
[0047] FIG. 15 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 device showing a view of a page in darkness;
[0048] FIG. 16 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 device showing a `zoomed-in` view of a page;
[0049] FIG. 17 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 device showing a `zoomed-out` view of a page;
[0050] FIG. 18 is an example of a movie library page;
[0051] FIG. 19 is a plan view of a viewer showing a view of a playable video clip;
[0052] FIG. 20 is a plan view of a viewer showing a snapped and lifted view of a playable video clip;
[0053] FIG. 21 shows an example of a music library page;
[0054] FIG. 22 shows a plan view of a viewer showing a view of playable music clip;
[0055] FIG. 23 shows a plan view of a viewer showing a snapped and lifted view of a playing audio clip;
[0056] FIG. 24 shows an example of PIN advice letter from bank;
[0057] FIG. 25 shows a viewer showing a secure view of personal data;
[0058] FIG. 26 shows an example of "fill-in" form;
[0059] FIG. 27 shows a viewer allowing form fill-in by a user;
[0060] FIG. 28 shows the "fill-in" form of FIGS. 26 & 27 after printing on by the viewer;
[0061] FIG. 29 shows a schematic of part of the viewer's electronic components, relating to file download and display;
[0062] FIG. 30 shows a schematic of part of the viewer's electronic components relating to control of the printer functions;
[0063] FIG. 31 shows a document element view; and
[0064] FIG. 32 shows the viewer interaction with a netpage network.
[0065] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10, there is shown a viewer 100. The viewer has a color LCD screen 102, control buttons 186, 192 & 194, a speaker 106, volume control 108, an audio out jack 110, a printer assembly and a infrared sensing device 112. The LCD screen 102 has a touch sensitive overlay 132.
[0066] The viewer 100 is a netpage system enabled device and communicates with a netpage system in a similar manner to that disclosed in the co-pending applications referred to earlier and in particular to applications U.S. Ser. No. 09/722,142 and U.S. Ser. No. 09/721,893.
[0067] The viewer 100 has upper and lower moldings 114 and 116 respectively which encapsulate a PCB 118 and all of the electronic components are mounted on or connected to this PCB. Power for the device is supplied by a rechargeable 3 volt lithium ion battery 120. The battery is not user replaceable and is located within the casing.
[0068] The PCB 118 and attached electronics is attached to the upper molding 114 by screws 125. The printer assembly is attached to the lower molding 116 by screws 127, which pass through the chassis 223 into bosses 242 in the lower molding 116.
[0069] The two moldings 114 and 116 are joined together by four screws 124, which extend through the lower molding 116 to engage the upper molding 114.
[0070] The PCB includes four electrical switches which are acted on by the push buttons. The zoom buttons 186 allows the view to be zoomed in, zoomed out, and, when activated simultaneously, to be reset to normal scale. The snap button allows the nearest dynamic or interactive object to be snapped to the screen. It more generally allows the current view to be de-synchronized (or `frozen` or `lifted`) from the underlying page. Optional pan controls allow the view to be panned independently of the underlying page. The power button allows the viewer to be switched on and off. The volume control, in the form of a potentiometer, allows the volume of the viewer's audio output to be controlled. The audio output is used to play audio content associated with a page, and optionally to provide operating feedback to the user.
[0071] A combined data and power connector 134 is connected to the PCB and is accessible via opening 136 in the casing. The connector 134 includes a power input socket 138 for recharging of the battery 120 and a data socket 140 for input/output of data to and from the device. The connector 134 is connected to the PCB via a flexible PCB 142 and connectors 144 and 146.
[0072] The speaker 106 is also connected to the PCB at its lower edge via connector 148 and is positioned between the PCB and the lower edge of the casing. The speaker may be hard wired to the PCB rather than being provided with a removable connector.
[0073] Digital audio generated by the viewer is converted to analog via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 173, is amplified by an amplifier 177 subject to the volume control 108, and is output to a speaker 106 or to an external audio device via an audio out jack 110. The speaker is disabled when the audio jack is in use.
[0074] The volume control 108 and audio out jack 110 are mounted directly on the left hand side of the PCB and are accessible via openings 154 and 156 respectively in the left hand side of the casing.
[0075] The battery 120 is also positioned between the PCB and the lower edge of the casing. A removable connector 150 is provided to connect the battery to the PCB. However, since the battery is not intended to be user replaceable, a permanent connection may be used. The battery is preferably shaped to fit the casing and accordingly has a beveled corner 152.
[0076] Mounted on the lower surface of the PCB is the optical sensor device 112 capable of detecting infrared markings on a substrate. The sensing device 112 comprises an infrared LED 160 and an image sensor 162. In use infrared light is emitted from the LED 160 and passed through an optical guide 164 and then through an aperture 166 in the lower molding. Reflected light passes through the aperture 166, the optical molding 164 and is focused onto the CCD 162. The optical molding preferably includes a lens 168 and may include a beam splitter/combiner to allow light from and to the LED and the CCD to follow the same path. The LED 160 may be strobed in synchrony with image capture to prevent motion-blurring of captured tag images. The image sensor 162 typically consists of a 200×200 pixel CCD or CMOS image sensor with a near-infrared bandpass filter.
[0077] The PCB also includes a processor chip 170, DRAM 172, flash ROM 174, a display controller 270 for controlling the LCD, a transceiver chip 178 and an aerial 180.
[0078] In order to display video, the color display 102 usefully has a 4:3 aspect ratio, although with the advent of DVD and digital broadcasting, digital video content with wide screen aspect ratios of 16:9 and wider are becoming more prevalent. The aspect ratio used is not critical. The minimum useful resolution is preferably SIF resolution, which has a square-pixel equivalent of 320×240 pixels. In order to display text, the display preferably has a pitch of at least 100 pixels per inch, giving a maximum diagonal display size of four inches. Larger displays with correspondingly more pixels provide obvious benefits, although with the added expense of a larger form factor and greater processing and communications bandwidth requirements.
[0079] The display ideally mimics the optical properties of the underlying paper, i.e. the paper's high reflectivity, high contrast, and Lambertian reflectance function. Although the display may be a conventional back-lit color LCD, such as an active-matrix twisted-nematic (TN) color LCD, it is more usefully a reflective display, such as a passive-matrix cholesteric color LCD from Kent Displays Inc, an electrophoretic display from E Ink Corporation, or a rotating ball display from Xerox Corporation, Inc. It may also be a low cost organic LED (OLED) display.
[0080] Display output generated by the viewer is routed to the display 102 via the display controller 270. Assuming a 320×240 RGB pixel display, the display controller 270 has an associated or embedded 0.25 Mbyte single-buffered or 0.5 Mbyte double-buffered display memory 181.
[0081] A dedicated compressed video and audio decoder 171 which produces square-pixel progressive-scan digital video and digital audio output is also provided. To handle MPEG-1 encoded video and audio, a video and audio decoder similar to a C-Cube CL680 decoder may be used. To handle MPEG-2 encoded video and audio, a video and audio decoder similar to C-Cube's ZiVA-3 decoder may be used. An MPEG-1 decoder typically uses a 4 Mbit DRAM during decoding, while an MPEG-2 decoder typically uses a 16 Mbit SRAM during decoding. The decoder memory 179 may be dedicated to the decoder, or may be part of a memory 172 shared with the processor.
[0082] The processor 175 controls and coordinates the various electronic components of the viewer. The processor executes software which monitors, via the sensor(s) 112, the identity of the underlying page and the position of the viewer relative to the page; communicates the identity and position data to a netpage base station via the wireless transceiver 183,178; receives identity- and position-related page data from the base station via the transceiver; renders user output to the color display 102 and audio output; and interprets user input captured via the user interface buttons 104 and the screen's touch sensor 132. The embedded software executed by the processor is stored in the non-volatile memory 174, which is typically a ROM and/or flash memory. Identity information unique to the viewer, as well as communications encryption keys, are also stored in non-volatile memory. During execution the processor utilizes faster volatile memory, typically in the form of a 256 Mbit (32 Mbyte) dynamic RAM (DRAM) 172.
[0083] The processor 175 communicates with the other components via a shared bus 280. The processor 175, the bus 280, and any number of other components may be integrated into a single chip. As indicated in FIG. 28 the integrated components may include the digital transceiver controller 183, the video decoder interface 187 and the tag image sensor interface 185. If a fingerprint sensor 189 is provided a fingerprint sensor interface 191 may be incorporated in the integrated components. In a more highly integrated chip, the integrated components may also include the display controller 270, the image sensor 112, the compressed video and audio decoder 171, the audio digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 173 and the memory 172. The analog radio transceiver 178 is unlikely to be integrated in the same chip, but may be integrated in the same package. A parallel interface 193 links the buttons 104, touch sensor 132 and the LED 160 to the bus 280.
[0084] The processor 175 is sufficiently powerful to render page content at interactive rates, i.e. at least 10 Hz, and to transform video decompressed by the video decoder and merge it with other page content. If it is sufficiently powerful, then it may also perform video and audio decoding, obviating the need for a video and audio decoder.
[0085] The transceiver 178 is typically a short-range radio transceiver. It may support any of a number of wireless transmission standards, including Bluetooth/IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.11, HomeRF/SWAP, HIPERLAN, and OpenAir. Bluetooth/IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.11-1997, HIPERLAN, OpenAir, and HomeRF/SWAP all support transmission rates in the range of 1 to 2 Mbit/s. IEEE 802.11b supports transmission rates of 5.5 Mbit/s and 11 Mbit/s. HIPERLAN also supports a transmission rate of 24 Mbit/s in an alternative mode. Beyond these currently-supported wireless LAN (WLAN) standards, next-generation WLAN standards promise to support transmission rates of 100 Mbit/s and higher.
[0086] The viewer may alternatively be connected to the a base station by cable, or may utilize a non-radio-frequency wireless transport, such as infrared. IEEE 802.11, for example, optionally utilizes an infrared transport. IrDA also utilizes an infrared transport.
[0087] The lower surface of the lower casing 16 is provided with four outer feet 182 and four inner feet 184. The outer feet are located near the corners of the device whilst the inner feet 184 are located at the corners of a square centered on the lens 168.
[0088] All eight feet extend the same distance and enable the device to be placed on a planar surface with a small gap between the surface and the general plane of the lower molding. The feet have a rounded contact surface and this aids in sliding the device across the surface. The inner feet 184 ensure that if one or more of the outer feet 182 are not supported the device does not tip relative to the surface. They also aid in keeping the surface flat near the sensing device 112.
[0089] The sensor device 112 is infrared sensitive. The CCD 162 is sensitive to infrared light, either inherently or by use of filters and the LED 160 emits infrared light, again inherently or by use of filters. The lens 168 is focused on the plane of the inner and outer feet 182 and 184, as this is where a substrate to be sensed will be located. The sensor device is capable of detecting infrared absorptive tags, such as netpage tags. For a full description of the processes involved, reference is made to our co-pending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/721,893 referred to earlier. The CCD 162, the LED 160 and processing functions incorporated in the processor chip 170 are similar to those disclosed in the co-pending application.
[0090] The device is thus capable of sensing and decoding netpage tags on a substrate. Image data captured by the CCD 162 is sent to the processor chip 170 and decoded to a region ID (or page ID) and a tag ID. The region ID and tag ID, together with other necessary information, is transmitted to the netpage system via the transceiver chip 183,178. The netpage system resolves the region ID and tag ID to corresponding document data which it transmits back to the device. The processor receives the document data via the transceiver, and renders the data for display on the color display 102 via the display controller 270.
[0091] The LCD screen 102 is overlaid with a touch sensitive overlay 132. When viewing information via the LCD screen, the screen will include controls to enable the user to control the device by touching the screen with a non-marking stylus.
[0092] The viewer 100 also includes a printer assembly, which is located in the body of the viewer.
[0093] The print assembly includes a printhead assembly 202 and an ink cartridge 201 connected together by a hose assembly 205. The printhead assembly 202 includes a printhead 203. The lower molding 116 has an ink cartridge compartment 208 to enable user replacement of the ink cartridge 201. The compartment 208 is accessed via cover 209. The hose assembly 205 includes a connector 211 for connecting to the ink cartridge.
[0094] The print assembly is preferably an inkjet type printer and more preferably a full-color inkjet. Accordingly the ink cartridge 201 includes multiple inks. In the preferred embodiment the print assembly is a full-color CMY or CMYK printer and the ink cartridge 201 includes three or four separate ink chambers 252. Whilst any inkjet printhead may be used, more preferably the printhead is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) type printhead (Memjet), such as that disclosed in our co-pending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/575,141.
[0095] A Memjet printhead provides a combination of printhead width, compactness, low power consumption, and low cost which makes it uniquely suitably for integration in the printing viewer. Although a Memjet printhead provides 1600 dpi resolution, a printing viewer may get by with less. If the printing viewer is sufficiently small, then an area printhead can be used rather than a scanning printhead.
[0096] The printhead assembly 202 extends across at least the full width of the LCD screen 102 and prints by moving upwards or downwards. The printhead assembly 202 is mounted on a continuous elastomeric belt 213 which runs around rollers 215 and 217 located at the top and bottom of the screen. The lower roller 215 is driven by a DC stepper motor 286 via a worm gear 221. The two rollers are mounted on a printer chassis 223. Mounted on each side of the chassis 223 are transverse rods 225. The printhead assembly 202 is mounted on these rods 225 and these rods maintain the printhead in the correct position; the belt 213 merely causes the printhead assembly 202 to move backwards and forwards along the rods 225.
[0097] The lower molding 116 is provided with a rectangular aperture 250 and a metal base plate 236 is attached to the underside of the molding 116. The base plate 236 has a rectangular aperture 252 sized so that the printhead assembly 202 is not exposed when at either extreme of its travel. The base plate is preferably attached to the lower molding 116 by an adhesive.
[0098] The operation of the print assembly 202 is controlled by a dedicated print engine/controller (PEC) chip 281 located on the PCB 118. An example of a suitable PEC is described in our co-pending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/575,108. The PEC chip 281 generates bi-level dot data for the printhead in real time and otherwise controls the operation of the printhead. Communication with the printhead assembly 202 is via a flexible PCB 228 which engages the PCB 118 via connector 230. The DC motor 286 is connected to the PCB via a flexible PCB 231.
[0099] A master QA chip 282, for example as described in our co-pending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/113,223, is provided which the PEC uses to authenticate an identical QA chip 283 embedded in the replaceable color ink cartridge 201. A raster image processor (RIP) DSP 284 may be used for rendering print data at high speed. Depending on the desired print quality and speed and the performance of the processor, the RIP DSP may be omitted with the processor performing rasterization. Depending on the need to accurately control ink quality and to monitor consumption, and on the availability of alternate mechanisms for detecting ink depletion, the inclusion of the QA chips may not be needed.
[0100] Referring to FIG. 29, the processor 175 typically communicates with PEC 281 via a serial bus 285. The serial bus 285 may be high-speed or low-speed depending on the desired print quality and speed. The processor 175 controls the stepper motor 286 which moves the printhead assembly 202 via the parallel interface 193.
[0101] The elastomeric belt 213 and the printhead assembly 202 extend across the full width of the screen 102 and by necessity obscure the sensor 112 as the printhead assembly moves between the rollers 215 and 217. The belt 213 is provided with two pairs of circular apertures 232 and 234. The first pair 232 align when the printhead assembly 202 is adjacent the drive roller 215. The second pair 234 align when the printhead assembly 202 is adjacent the other roller 217. When the apertures align the sensor 112 may sense coded data on a substrate below the viewer. When the apertures 232 and 234 do not align the sensor 112 cannot sense any data on the substrate.
[0102] The viewer may be designed so that the code sensor has a view of the surface during printing. The code sensor itself can then be used to detect movement. Movement detected in this way can be used to terminate printing. It can also be used to modify the print data in real time so that the print data is properly registered with the underlying page at all times. Multiple code sensors may be used if located around the periphery of the viewer.
[0103] An accelerometer may be included in the viewer to detect movement of the viewer during printing. If movement is detected, then printing can be immediately terminated.
[0104] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, in use the device 100 is placed on a substrate 200 having netpage tags tiled over its surface. The substrate 200 may be paper, electronic paper such as used by E Ink Corporation, a plastic sheet or any other suitable substrate. As seen in FIG. 12 the sensor device 112 senses one or more of the tags, decodes the coded information and transmits this decoded information to the netpage system. In FIG. 11 the substrate carries human readable text 204 and so is readable without the device 100.
[0105] The device may be used with a surface which only carries netpage tags and so appears as a blank document to a user without an authorized viewer. As discussed in our earlier applications, each tag incorporates data which identifies the page it is on and its location within the page. The netpage system is thus capable of determining the location of the viewer 100 and so can extract information corresponding to that position. When displaying static images or text the displayed information usually corresponds to the human discernable text or other markings 204 on the substrate. Additionally the tags include information which enables the device and/or system to derive an orientation of the device relative to the page from the tags. This enables the information displayed to be rotated relative to the device to match the orientation of the text 204. Thus information 206 displayed by the viewer appears to be what is on the page in the corresponding position under the viewer.
[0106] When the viewer first comes into contact with a new page, it downloads the corresponding page description from the relevant page server. It then renders the viewer's view according to the current view transform, i.e. according to the viewer's current zoom setting and its position and rotation relative to the underlying page. Whenever the view transform changes, i.e. because the user moves the viewer or changes the viewer's zoom setting, the viewer re-renders the view according to the new view transform. For the purposes of the following discussion, the size of the viewer's window onto the page is also assumed to be part of the view transform.
[0107] Whenever the view transform changes, the viewer transmits the view transform to the netpage page server responsible for the underlying page. This allows the page server to commence streaming dynamic objects which have come into view and to cease streaming dynamic objects which are no longer in view. It also allows the page server to provide the viewer with static objects, such as images, at a suitable resolution.
[0108] As the device is moved the sensor device 112 images the same or different tags, which enables the device 100 and/or system to update the device's relative position on the page and to scroll the LCD display as the device moves. The position of the viewer relative to the page can easily be determined from the image of a single tag; as the viewer moves the image of the tag changes and from this change in image the position relative to the tag can be determined. The system "knows" the absolute position of the tag on the page from its tag ID and so the absolute position of the viewer on the page may be derived. The viewer senses tags, and thereby its time-varying position relative to the substrate, and sufficiently frequently that movement of the viewer results in a smooth, as opposed to a jerky, scrolling of the display.
[0109] The information 206 displayed in the viewer is preferably aligned with the text 204 on the page 200, so that it appears as if the viewer 100 is transparent. Thus the orientation of the viewer 100 does not alter the orientation of the displayed information 206, as seen in FIG. 13.
[0110] However, as seen in FIG. 14, the text 206 displayed on the LCD screen 102 need not remain aligned with the physical text but may remain aligned with the viewer 100. The user may use the `snap` button 192 to instruct the viewer to display text aligned with the viewer, not the page text 204.
[0111] The viewer 100, if provided with backlighting of the LCD 132, is capable of displaying information in the dark. FIG. 15 shows a page 200 with a viewer 100 displaying information 206 corresponding to information on the page which is not visible due to lack of ambient light.
[0112] Whilst the information 206 shown on the LCD 102 is similar to the printed information 204, it need not be identical. The left hand control button 186 is a rocker type device. When pressed on the left, the button activates switch 188 and when pushed on the right the button activates switch 190. Pushing down centrally or equally on the left and right activates both switches 188 and 190. Pressing on the left switch 186 causes the display to zoom in whilst pressing on the right causes the display to zoom out. Pressing centrally resets the display to the device default, which may be a 1 to 1 ratio. FIG. 16 shows a viewer 100 displaying "zoomed-in" text 206 whilst FIG. 17 shows "zoomed-out" text 206, both being of text 204 on a page 200.
[0113] The device is not limited to simply reproducing the text printed on a page. Because the printed text is associated with one or more electronic documents in the netpage system, the device can provide more than just the text to the user. Where a document has references, such as footnotes or hyperlinks, these references may be shown on screen. The user may then view those references by touching the reference on screen. This is picked up by the touch screen overlay 132 and the appropriate information displayed, either in a new window or as an overlay on the existing text. This information may be displayed for a set period, after which the display reverts to its original display. The system may also cause additional information to be shown on the LCD screen automatically. Where the page is mainly text the device 100 may be set to a read mode whereby as the user reads the page the text is recited and output via speaker 106. This would be of benefit to people learning to read, such as children or those learning a foreign language. Using a stylus and the touch screen the user indicates where they are reading and the corresponding text is spoken by the machine. Pronunciation of a word or phrase may be practiced by repeatedly drawing the stylus over the relevant text.
[0114] The text displayed need not be the same language as the text on the paper. The device may be set to display a single language, when possible. Thus if a netpage document exists in both English and Italian, for example, the device could be set to display the Italian text even though the printed document is in English. Where a document only exists in one language, the system may be configured to either display the document in that language or nothing except a message to the effect that document is not available in the desired language.
[0115] If desired the device may be set to an "automatic recital" mode in which the screen automatically scrolls through the entire document, with or without a corresponding aural recital. An aural recital may also occur without a corresponding display of text. The speed of playback may be controlled by the user. Since each tag on the page identifies the document the device merely needs to sense one tag on the page for those features to be activated.
[0116] Depending on the document size and device memory, an entire document may be downloaded to the device or "chunks" of data may be downloaded as required or as expected to be required. A simple text document, even of many pages, is relatively small and may be buffered in its entirety without needing extra memory; the device is capable of playing video, as will be discussed later, and the buffer needed to accommodate variations in data reception for video display is more than sufficient to accommodate most text documents. Where an entire document is downloaded, preferably the download is configured to initially send data corresponding to the location of the viewer on the page.
[0117] When viewing text or static images the device may have two modes. The first mode, described above, maintains a correlation between the information displayed on the LCD screen and the position of the device to the substrate. In the second mode, the device may be moved without affecting the display; the scrolling and autoplay feature discussed above being a subject of this feature. To set the device to the second mode the user may press the `snap` button 192. Once in the second mode movement of the device across the paper does not automatically affect the information displayed. The information displayed continues to correspond to the location when the viewer was placed in this mode. Movement of information across the display in this mode is controlled by the user. A document will continue to be displayed or be accessible until the device is placed on a different netpage encoded substrate, at which point the device may normally revert to its first mode. Alternatively, the user must explicitly revert to the first mode by pressing the `snap` button again.
[0118] FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 provide an example of the interaction of the viewer with a video clip. FIG. 18 shows a sample `movie library` page 210 containing multiple video clip icons 212. Again the page is tiled with netpage tags, not shown. FIG. 19 shows the view the viewer provides of a video clip icon, which includes playback controls 214, which may be activated via the viewer's touch-screen, and the playing time. The screen-displayed information 214,216 remains fixed relative to the displayed text 218 as the viewer moves. FIG. 20 shows the view the viewer shows once the nearest video clip is `snapped` to the screen, i.e. with the video clip filling the screen, ready to be played. As seen, all of the playback controls and playing time are displayed when the view is snapped. The user snaps the nearest interactive or dynamic object to the centre of the screen by pressing the viewer's snap button. Alternatively or additionally, an interactive object may snap to the screen automatically when activated, e.g. when played in the case of a video clip. In the example, status information and controls are superimposed on the video clip to maximize the video clip's use of the screen. The viewer 100 typically suppresses the display of the status information 216 and playback controls 214 once the clip is playing, either until the clip terminates or until the user initiates further interaction by touching the touch-screen 132. The playing time is preferably displayed in units of hours, minutes and seconds, and is preceded by a current chapter number if the clip has multiple chapters. The playback controls 214 include stop, play, pause, skip backwards and skip forwards. When the clip is stopped or paused, a play button is shown. When the clip is playing, a pause button is shown in place of the play button. The skip controls skip to the start/end of the current chapter, or, if already at the start/end, to the start of the previous/next chapter. If held, rather than pressed momentarily, the skip controls scan backwards/forwards through the clip, i.e. they play the clip at a greater than normal rate backwards/forwards.
[0119] As an alternative to on-screen controls, the viewer may provide dedicated playback control buttons which control whichever dynamic object is current. It may also provide a dedicated display, such as a monochrome segment LCD, for the display of chapter (or track) information and playing time.
[0120] The viewer streams dynamic objects such as video clips from any number of servers via the current netpage base station. The viewer is optimized to only stream objects which are currently visible on the viewer's screen. When an object ceases to be displayed, it may be configured to automatically pause, or it may continue to `play` on the server, without consuming communications bandwidth, so that when it is once again displayed its playback has progressed in time as expected by the user.
[0121] FIGS. 21, 22 and 23 provide an example of the interaction of the viewer 100 with an audio clip. FIG. 21 shows a sample `music library` page 220 containing multiple audio clip entries 224. The entries may be grouped under a title 222. FIG. 22 shows the view the viewer provides of a set of audio clip entries 224, which includes an indication of a `current` audio clip entry with an associated play button 226 which may be activated via the viewer's touch-screen. The current entry is preferably simply the entry closest to the center of the screen and so changes as the viewer is moved, unless a clip is playing. If no entry is sufficiently close, then no entry is current. FIG. 23 shows the view the viewer provides once the nearest audio clip is snapped to the screen or selected, i.e. with clip-related information filling the screen. Note that, as illustrated in the example, a snapped view can be quite different from any view directly derivable from the page itself.
[0122] As described above, when the viewer is lifted from the page the portion of the page with which the viewer was last in contact remains displayed and interactive. It may also be advantageous for the user to be able to `freeze` the current view so that the viewer no longer synchronizes the view with the underlying page. When the user snaps the nearest interactive or dynamic object to the screen the view is effectively frozen. When the user presses the snap button again, the viewer once again synchronizes the view with the underlying page. When there is no interactive or dynamic object to be snapped, the viewer may still interpret the snap as a freeze command, but may do no more than rotate the current view so that it is oriented the right way up, i.e. so that the axes of the screen and of the displayed page are aligned. The snap button may therefore be used as a freeze button, but as an alternatively the viewer may provide a freeze button separate from the snap button.
[0123] The viewer may provide a mode wherein the axes of the screen and of the displayed page are always kept aligned even though the viewer is otherwise synchronizing the view with the underlying page, i.e. the viewer synchronizes the view according to the position and identity of the underlying page, but not according to the rotation of the underlying page relative to the viewer. This mode has the advantage that the displayed view always looks sensible to the user operating the viewer. It has the further advantage that rotation is never allowed to degrade the quality of the displayed image of the page. If rotation is never respected by the viewer, then the viewer is also freed from ever having to compute a rotated page image. As a compromise, the viewer may respect the nearest multiple of ninety degrees to its actual rotation relative to the page.
[0124] FIGS. 24 and 25 provide an example of the interaction of the viewer with `secure` data requiring authorized access. FIG. 24 shows an example personal identification number (PIN) advice letter 230 from a bank. Both the account number 231 and PIN 233 are suppressed on the printed page, i.e. printed as a series of X's. FIG. 14 shows the view the viewer provides of the PIN advice letter. The view shows the actual account number 237 and PIN 238, on the basis that the netpage system has verified that the user of the viewer is the owner of the data. The advice letter is recorded on a netpage registration server as being owned by a particular user, i.e. by the user to whom the letter was originally addressed. The viewer is recorded as owned by the same user. The identity of the actual user is optionally verified with respect to the identity of the owner of the viewer by verifying the fingerprint of the actual viewer against the fingerprint of the owner. The fingerprint, or some other biometric, is recorded by the registration server for the owner. The viewer may incorporate a fingerprint sensor 189 for the purposes of fingerprint capture. Providing a biometric such as a fingerprint or signature to the viewer may place the viewer in a `secure` mode wherein secure information is accessible for a period of time. An indicator, such as a lit LED, may indicate this mode to the user. Alternatively, secure access is only granted while the user's biometric is being sensed. In the example, the actual account number and PIN is then only shown while the user's finger is in contact with the fingerprint sensor.
[0125] FIGS. 26 and 27 provide an example of the interaction of the viewer with a fill-in form 240. The form has a number of fill-in fields 241. FIG. 26 shows an example form. FIG. 27 shows the view the viewer provides of the form. The stylus 244 can be used to fill in the fields of the form via the touch-screen. The example shows the form 240 being filled in by hand, pending handwriting recognition according to normal netpage mechanisms.
[0126] Netpage input, in the form of digital ink, is labeled to indicate how it was captured, i.e. through a netpage pen interacting with a printed netpage, or through a stylus interacting with the touch-sensitive screen of a viewer. The digital ink is also labeled with any change in the authorization state of the viewer, e.g. with respect to the presence of the user's finger on the viewer's fingerprint sensor. This allows the page server, when interpreting netpage input in relation to the corresponding page description, to ignore document elements not visible to the user when the input was captured.
[0127] Digital ink generated through a viewer is otherwise suitably transformed to look like it came from a netpage pen interacting with the underlying page, i.e. the digital ink is labeled with the page ID of the underlying page, and the coordinates of position samples in the digital ink are transformed from the coordinate system of the viewer into the coordinate system of the underlying page, according to the view transform current when the position sample was captured. As an alternative, the viewer may provide an insertion point specifiable via the stylus, an associated text cursor, and text entry via an on-screen keyboard or via character-wise character entry and recognition, in the manner of current personal digital assistants (PDAs).
[0128] The printer is most useful in filling out forms such as that displayed in FIGS. 26 and 27. The users uses the stylus 244 to "write" information onto the display, as shown in FIG. 28. The display is updated to reflect the digital ink captured by the viewer.
[0129] Referring to FIG. 28, the print assembly is controlled to print ink 260 in the fill-in fields of the form 240 to correspond to the digital ink captured by the touch screen. Thus at the end of the process an electronic version and a hard copy version of the completed form exist. Printing of the ink 260 may occur as the user fills in each text box or it may occur after completion of the form. Printing after completion enables mistakes or alterations to be made before committing to paper but may require the user to move the viewer across the page to enable printing of all information. Printing as the user fills in the form avoids the need to move the device to print information. However, unless an erasable marking system such as E-ink is used, all mistakes and alterations are printed to the page.
[0130] The printer assembly may be used to physically transfers onto the underlying page any virtual markings made by the user via the viewer touch-screen. Virtual strokes can be faithfully reproduced, including colors, textures, line widths, and even subtle brushing effects such as produced by striated brushes and airbrushes. The virtual marking mode of the stylus on the screen can be completely controlled in a position-dependent manner by the active application(s), i.e. as one expects in any graphical user interface.
[0131] In the limit case, a user interacts with Netpages exclusively via the Netpage printing viewer, eliminating the need for a Netpage Pen.
[0132] The printing viewer is designed to print when stationary with respect to the underlying page. Because the printhead 203 is screen-width, it can transfer the entire contents of the screen 102 onto the underlying page in a single pass. When not printing, the printhead assembly 202 is parked in a recess to prevent accidental damage. To conserve power, the printhead assembly 202 can be parked at the top or bottom of the screen 102, and the printhead 203 can print when moving in either direction. To prevent user access to the cavity in which the printhead assembly moves, the assembly is integrated into a screen-width belt which also acts as the carriage transport. The belt obscures the viewer's code sensor during printing, but contains pairs of matching holes which line up when the printhead is parked, providing the code sensor with a view of the surface. Two pairs of holes are provided, corresponding to the two parking positions.
[0133] Handwritten text can be transferred to the underlying page before or after it is recognized by the Netpage system and converted to computer text. If transferred after conversion, the viewer can transfer the computer text to the underlying page in place of the handwritten text. Similarly, a signature can be transferred to the page before or after it is used by the Netpage system to verify the identity of the user. If transferred after verification, the viewer can transfer a verification icon and/or a serial number in place of the signature.
[0134] The Netpage printing viewer can also be used to paste information onto a page, including images and text. The user may take a photo with a camera and paste it into an image field requiring the photo. The printing viewer links the photo to the image field and faithfully transfers the photo to the page, registered with the image field. If the viewer only partially overlaps the field, then only the portion of the field accessible to the viewer is printed with the photo. When the user moves the viewer across the field the viewer prints additional parts of the field. The viewer may prompt the user to move the viewer to cover un-printed portions of the field. Any un-printed portions of the image are recorded as pending output against the page instance maintained by the relevant Netpage page server. If a viewer comes into contact with the image field at a future time then any un-printed portions can be printed.
[0135] If the user pastes an image into a viewer-displayed image field when the viewer is not in contact with the page, then the entire image is recorded as pending output.
[0136] The printing viewer may incorporate a digital camera. Once the user takes a photo, it may "float" on the display as an icon until the user explicitly pastes it in an image field. The viewer may provide dedicated buttons for browsing, viewing, editing and deleting a collection of photos stored in the viewer. The viewer may also support removable storage, e.g. via a memory card socket, for storage of photos.
[0137] The user may also paste information which is known to the viewer or to the Netpage system, such as contact details, into a Netpage form which is not otherwise linked to the user.
[0138] The viewer may alternatively or additionally contain a mobile telephone transceiver for longer-range communication with a netpage server via a mobile telephone network. If the transceiver supports a third-generation `always-on` packet-switched connection, then the viewer may download or stream page content at will. If the transceiver only supports a circuit-switched connection, then the viewer may choose to connect and download a full page description whenever it encounters a new page, provide local navigation of the page via the downloaded page description, and only make further connections when dynamic content needs to be displayed or when hyperlinks are activated.
[0139] If the viewer incorporates a longer-range transceiver, then it may act as a netpage base station for wireless netpage pens and other netpage sensing devices.
[0140] When used to interrogate secure data, the viewer may incorporate a fingerprint sensor, such as the Vericom FPS200, to allow it to continuously monitor and verify the identity of the user. The processor typically interrogates the fingerprint sensor via a serial interface.
[0141] The viewer may incorporate several levels of power management. After a period of inactivity the viewer may inactivate the display. After a longer period of inactivity the processor may enter a power-conserving quiescent state. Power management may be coupled with the image sensor and/or the touch sensor, allowing wake-up on screen interaction or movement. The viewer may also incorporate an accelerometer for this purpose.
[0142] The viewer may be configured with software allowing it to function as a personal digital assistant (PDA). The components and functions of the viewer may also be incorporated into a mobile phone.
[0143] The viewer handles a variety of page content, including styled text, outline graphics, bitmapped images, audio, and video. While audio and video are by their nature dynamic (i.e. time-varying), text, graphics and images are normally static. They may, however, be part of a dynamic stream representing the output of an interactive application, executing remotely or within the viewer. A local application may be defined by a script object which is interpreted by the viewer, e.g. coded in Java or similar.
[0144] Page content falls into three categories: (1) static elements which appear on the printed page; (2) static elements which only appear through the viewer; and (3) dynamic elements which only appear through the viewer. The first category includes all the visual elements of the page. The second category includes, for example, elements associated with controls for dynamic content, e.g. playback controls for a video clip, and elements associated with secure information. The third category includes anything of a dynamic nature, e.g. a video clip. A dynamic element may have a static counterpart in the page description so that it has a meaningful visual appearance on the printed page. A video clip, for example, may be represented by a rectangle of the appropriate size showing the title of the clip.
[0145] Document elements in the second and third categories have associated view filters 245 which restrict their appearance. The `viewer view` 246 filter restricts the element to appearing through a viewer. The `secure view` 247 filter restricts the element to appearing through an authorized viewer. The view filter class diagram is shown in FIG. 31.
[0146] A digital ink stream is generated with a maximum data rate of about 5 Kbit/s. The viewer generates a view transform stream with a similar maximum data rate. The viewer therefore generates wireless communications traffic to the base station with a maximum data rate of about 10 Kbit/s, which is negligible.
[0147] To minimize wireless communications traffic from the base station to the viewer, it may be mandated that only one dynamic object can be active at a time. Even though more than one object may be visible through the viewer, the page server may deactivate all but one such object. It may, for example, only leave the dynamic object closest to the center of the viewer's display active. The user may be able to explicitly activate an alternative dynamic object by clicking on it with the stylus, or the user may be required to explicitly activate any dynamic object, thus implicitly deactivating any currently active object.
[0148] Where a dynamic object represents an application window, the page server typically relays to the application any changes to the viewer's view transform which relate to the application window. This allows the application to generate output when the window is visible, and to tailor the output to the actual overlap between the window and the viewer's view. The output from the application may be in the form of a video stream, or it may be in the form of a stream of graphics commands operating on text, graphics and images.
[0149] It is possible to display output from a remote application through the viewer, and capture stylus input through the viewer and route it to the remote application, without the application having to be explicitly designed for interaction with the viewer. Applications typically interact with user interface devices such as bitmapped displays, keyboards and pointing devices in a device-independent manner by utilizing the services of a windowing system, and this allows the user interface devices to be remote from the applications without changing how the applications interact with them.
[0150] As an alternative to rendering the view on demand, the viewer may render the entire page into a memory buffer and then simply display a suitably transformed window into the buffer. However, since the rotation of relatively low-resolution text produces unacceptable text quality, the page must either be rendered at a higher resolution than the display resolution and appropriately lowpass filtered before display, or the display resolution must be higher than assumed so far.
[0151] As a further alternative, the viewer may rely on the page server or the base station to render the page and supply it to the viewer, typically in compressed form. In this case the viewer is still responsible for integrating dynamic streams with the static page view.
[0152] As yet another alternative, the viewer may rely on the page server or the base station to render the current view and supply it to the viewer, typically in compressed form. In this case the viewer need contain no support whatsoever for interpreting and rendering the variety of elements which may comprise a page description. Assuming a 320×240 RGB pixel display, a 10 Hz update rate, and 10:1 compression, this requires a data rate of about 1.8 Mbit/s, which is within the realms of practicality using currently-available personal-area, local-area and wide-area wireless networking technologies as discussed above.
[0153] FIG. 32 illustrates the interaction between the netpage viewer 100 and the netpage network. The viewer's time-varying view transform, as well as digital ink captured via the viewer, are transmitted (at A) to a netpage base station 290. The base station 290 relays (at B) the view transform and digital ink to the page server 291 which holds the electronic description of the physical page with which the viewer is interacting as identified by the page ID embedded in the tags of the page. The page server 291 interprets the view transform and digital ink with respect to the page, and initially responds (at C) with the page description. It subsequently transmits (at C) dynamic object updates and streaming dynamic content. The base station relays (at D) data from the page server to the viewer.
[0154] The page server may notify (at E) an application 292 that the viewer's view onto a window associated with the application has changed, and the application 292 may respond (at F) with commands instructing the viewer 100 to update parts of its current view. The page server 291 relays (at C) these commands to the base station 290, which relays (at D) the commands on to the viewer 100.
[0155] Whilst the display of the preferred embodiment is visual, a Braille viewer may be made according to the invention. A Braille viewer is analogous to the optical viewer. It displays in registered fashion and via a tactile Braille display the text of a netpage. It also displays text labels corresponding to graphics and images, where available in the page description. Because Braille characters are typically rendered at larger sizes than visually-recognized characters, the Braille viewer typically presents a zoomed view of the underlying page. This means that as the viewer is moved over the page, the display moves correspondingly faster.
[0156] In other embodiments the viewer can be transparent when it is not in contact with a page, so that while it is being placed on a page, the page is seen through the viewer. This can be implemented using a LCD shutter which is reflective when opaque, positioned behind a transmissive color display. However, the netpage viewer design is simplified if the viewer is always opaque, and only ever virtually transparent.
[0157] Whilst the invention has been described with reference to the netpage system which uses invisible tags, the invention is not limited to the netpage system or the use of invisible tags. If desired, the invention may utilize tags or codes which are visible to the average unaided human eye, such as bar codes. The tags need not merely encode an identity which is then used to look up the relevant files. The tags may encode instructions at a higher level. For example a tag may encode an instruction of "play chapter 99". If invisible tags are used they need not be limited to the tags disclosed in relation to the netpage system. Other tagging systems are available and any suitable tagging system may be used. The invention is not limited to the use of inks which absorb certain wavelengths or fluoresce certain wavelengths. Magnetic inks, surface modification, including apertures, modification of the structure of the substrate itself all fall within the scope of the invention. The systems and methods to link the viewer of the present invention and the source of the document data are not limited to netpage systems. A viewer may be linked by a cable to a single computer, rather than a network of computers.
[0158] The present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment and number of specific alternative embodiments. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant fields that a number of other embodiments, differing from those specifically described, will also fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it will be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments described in the present specification, including documents incorporated by cross-reference as appropriate. The scope of the invention is only limited by the attached claims.
Patent applications by Kia Silverbrook, Balmain AU
Patent applications by Paul Lapstun, Balmain AU
Patent applications by Tobin Allen King, Balmain AU
Patent applications in class Touch panel
Patent applications in all subclasses Touch panel
User Contributions:
Comment about this patent or add new information about this topic:


text:
Reviewed by Albert B. (age 12)
A unique book like this deserves a true reader to enjoy it. My favorite part of the story was when the tiger, named Richard Parker, used his power to help Pi overcome many foes he had to face in the sea. One of these, was a shark that they encountered. It was a gory battle, but together they were able to terminate it.
The plot seems unimaginable because I have never heard of anyone that had to survive on a lifeboat with a tiger. But the writer brings the story to life and it becomes real. I was able to identify with Pi and his struggles. It was like I was there on the boat with them.
I would recommend this book to anyone who likes reading about danger and survival. A reader who has a good imagination would be guaranteed to enjoy the life of Pi Patel. He would impress you by how he survives living on the huge ocean.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Charleston, S.C. - Charleston Southern University has named Al Givens as its head volleyball coach, as announced by CSU Athletic Director Hank Small on Monday.
Givens boasts an impressive resume as he takes over the reins of the Lady Bucs' volleyball program, bringing 34 years of coaching experience over all levels. At the Division I level, Givens spent time at Ole Miss, Texas A&M and Weber State, where he combined for 378 career wins. He has 392 wins at the university level and will be looking for 400th career win in the 2012 season. He replaces longtime CSU head coach Danyel Bellush, who spent 15 seasons as Lady Bucs' head coach before stepping down last month.
"First and foremost, I'd like to thank Athletic Director Small for extending the opportunity for me to be a part of the Buccaneers family," commented Givens. "I'm excited about the move and the transition as there is a strong core and nucleus of players in the program excited to taste success. Danyel put together a really good roster for the upcoming season, and my wife and I are excited to be a part of the CSU family and be a part of the Big South Conference."
Givens comes to CSU after turning around the program at Texas A&M International. Last season at TAMIU, Givens was named the 2012 Heartland Conference's Coach of the Year after leading the DustDevils to a 14-18 record and their first bid in the Heartland Conference Tournament in five years. Heading into Givens' first season at TAMIU, the DustDevils won one match in 2010 (1-25) and had not qualified for their league tournament in four seasons.
"Excellence will be our standard and what we strive for in every endeavor in our lives," said Givens. "We look forward as a team to building relationships with the people, campus community and Charleston itself. It will be a lot of work, but also a lot of fun along the way."
Givens started his coaching career in Yuma, Arizona in 1977 where he was head coach at Kofa High School. After four years at Kofa, he made the jump to college volleyball taking the head coach job at Arizona Western College.
In 1984, he made the leap into Division I, taking an assistant coach position at the University of Mississippi. The following season he was promoted to head coach and spent one year as the Rebels' head coach before accepting the same role at Texas A&M University in College Station in 1986. During his two years at Ole Miss, the Rebels went 50-28, and Givens had a 29-15 record as the head coach. During his time with the Aggies, Givens picked up numerous Top 25 wins and one Top 10 win over No. 7 Texas in 1991, finishing his career with the Aggies with an overall 123-122 record.
After seven years with the Aggies, he accepted the head coaching job at Weber State University in Ogden, Utah. He had several Top 25 wins and one Top 10 win over No. 10 Utah in 2002. He was named Big Sky Coach of the Year in 2006 and finished his 18-season career at Weber State as the longest tenured volleyball coach in the history of the Big Sky Conference.
During his tenure as a head coach, (28 years at DI & II) Givens has coached 154 academic all-conference selections, 64 all-conference players, 10 all tournament team selections, four all South Region players, 4 Newcomers of the Year, two Freshman of the Year, one NCAA Women of the Year and one NCAA Scholar Athlete of the Year, several Regional and National Academic All-Americans.
Givens received his Bachelor's Degree in 1975 from William Jennings Bryan College, where he also played varsity soccer and baseball. He received his Master's Degree from Northern Arizona University in 1983.
He is married to Flossie McNally, a former volleyball coach who he met while coaching at rival schools in Arizona. He and his wife have three children, two daughters, Stephanie and Cori, and a son, Matthew.


text:
The New York State Police has a long tradition of providing outstanding training to men and women in the law enforcement profession. The Academy's motto "Excellence through Knowledge" is more than just a phrase for the New York State Police - it is the essence of a doctrine that has prevailed since 1917.
The Academy services approximately 14,000 persons a year. While many of these are troopers, including recruits learning the basics and veteran sworn members receiving specialized in-service training, several thousand others come from other segments of the criminal justice community.
In addition to training State Police personnel, the Academy provides instruction in areas of criminal investigation, forensics and other topical issues to members of other police departments and outside agencies who routinely look to the State Police for assistance.
The Academy continues to be a point of interest for visitors to the area, as well as criminal justice students from various area schools.


text:
WHS Daily Bulletin
Monday, June 6:
Final Exam Schedule
Period 4 Exam
Period 5 Exam
1st Lunch
Period 5 Resource
Period 5 Resource
2nd Lunch
Period 8 Exam
8:18 – 9:48am
9:52 – 11:22am
11:22 – 11:52am
11:56 – 12:41pm
11:26 – 12:11pm
12:11 – 12:41pm
12:45 – 2:15pm
Boys Basketball – Open Gym 2:30-4:00 PM
Mr. Kershaw's 3rd & 6th Hour Classes – Turn in books to Mr. Kershaw today
A reminder that tonight is the parent athlete night for football.
6:15 PM the coaches will be meeting with next year's freshmen
7:00 PM will be next year's sophomores through seniors. Both meetings will take place in the high school cafeteria.
Anyone interested in Boys Soccer can stop by the office to pick up an informational sheet regarding summer camp and open gyms. The information can also be found on the district athletics website.
Students with medicine stored in the office, please stop by and pick it up before you leave for the summer.
Varsity Volleyball – Plains League – Make sure you have turned in your Plains waiver to Coach Carlson
Tuesday, June 7:
No School – Teachers' Inservice
Senior Athletic Pictures for the Class of 2012 – 9:00 AM – in the Gym
Wednesday, June 8:
Report Card Day – 8:00-10:30 AM
General Announcements:
Boys Basketball forms are due ASAP to Coach Graven
Junior Athletes: Please complete your senior bio and send to Leesa Fletcher as soon as possible. This is the only way your bio will be included in next year's sports program.
SAVE members stop by Mrs. Lorton's room and provide a summer email address


text:
Central & Local Government Urls listed,
Having trouble viewing this email? View it as a Web page.
You are subscribed to NAOgraduateJobs - Tweets for National Audit Office.
© 2017 All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated | .gov.uk email communications
Email email@example.com | GCS - 020 7276 2295
Marketing Direct Mag - © Crown copyright | All printing supplied by PrintUK.com | Part of Spamdex - the spam archive for the internet
We have helpful advice from marketing experts across the globe, learn their tips and tricks and make your company more successful.


text:
As we have noted several times, Iran's leaders have consistently rebuffed Barack Obama's friendly overtures. They have used Obama's gestures as occasions to bash America and to demand more concrete concessions as a precondition to bilateral talks. Iran's FARS news agency reports on the latest rebuff, by Iranian MP Mohammad Karami Raad, who describes Obama's policies as "contradictory." Raad tells FARS what Iran's government expects to see from the Obama administration:
Noting that Americans should relinquish unilateralism and bullying and consider the interests of the world governments and nations, Karami Raad reiterated, "The Americans should put their words into practice. Uttering words does not suffice."
"In a bid to build (Iran's) confidence, the United States' should show respect for the great Iranian nation and the Islamic Republic ruling system, apologize for tens of years of conspiracy and hostile measures against Iran and pay the price (for the wrong measures it has adopted)," he added.
The Iranian legislator reminded the remarks by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei, and said, "Americans should accept Iran's rights to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, free all frozen assets of Iran, give up adoption of inimical decisions against Iran, respect Iran's stance on the basic rights and resistance of the Palestinian and Lebanese nations and avoid the unjust practicing of its veto power over the UN resolutions on this issue (Palestine and Lebanon)."
"It is only then that the United States can allege change (in its foreign policy)," he added.
These demands are unreasonable, of course, but Obama set the stage for them by repudiating the policies of his predecessors, holding himself out as a symbol of "change" and leading with his chin by issuing public valentines to Iran's leaders. And really: if America's foreign policy has been so terrible all these years, as Obama keeps telling everyone, then why shouldn't Iran expect concrete changes as a condition of improved relations?


text:
Discover the uniqueness of a University College degree.
Welcome to University College. Our mission is to provide interdisciplinary educational opportunities in a flexible, relevant, and responsive format. Since its creation in 1975, the college has been an entry point for students, an innovator of new programs, a catalyst for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary efforts throughout the campus, and a facilitator for the community to interact with the University.
We seek to provide access to quality educational programs and services for a diverse community of traditional and non-traditional adult learners who seek change through increased knowledge and skill.
University College offers individualized and interdisciplinary degrees not traditionally offered by other colleges on the University of Memphis campus. Courses can be completed on campus, online, or a combination of both in order to meet the flexible needs of your schedule. Areas of study include 21 concentrations among our Bachelor of Professional Studies and Bachelor of Liberal Studies degrees. Our Master of Arts in Liberal Studies degree allows students the option of developing personalized areas of emphasis, and our online Master of Professional Studies program offers areas of study in strategic leadership, human resources leadership, or training and development. Degrees can also be customized to fit specific learning interests, and credit hours may be earned through work experience and professional training.
Come learn more about University College and create a degree as unique as you.


text:
Re. "Climate-change science is immune to politics," Mailbag, (Sept. 3): Letter writer Jamie Dow claims science has proven man-made global warming and that this conclusion has nothing to do with politics. I believe she is mistaken.
Most of the reports regarding global warming are issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Many of its 3,000 members are not scientists but simply United Nations political appointees. The few real scientists on the panel have often disputed the panel's findings, but their opposing comments have not been included in any of the U.N.'s published reports.
It is significant that 37,000 scientists have disputed man-made global warming claims, and more than 17,000 signed a petition stating their objections to the IPCC panel's methods and conclusions. Quotes from their paper and petition state the following:
"The empirical evidence ... of earth's temperature shows no man-made warming trend. Indeed, over the past two decades, when CO2 levels have been at their highest, global average temperatures have actually cooled slightly."
I began to question man-made global warming alarmists after many of the statements in Al Gore's "An Inconvenient Truth" proved to be faulty, and became more suspicious when leaked emails from a British university indicated a lack of honesty among the scientists.
One such email warned: "The fact is that we can't account for the lack of warming at the moment, and it is a travesty that we can't."
I decided to do a more intense investigation of this issue and found the historical climate patterns of Iceland and Greenland enlightening. Greenland was once green, but that country's climate changed, and it is now largely ice. On the other hand, Iceland was once a frigid country, but centuries ago its climate changed and caused it to become warm and lush. Those changes happened before man was producing any pollutants that might have contributed to the dramatic changes.
Finally, it appears global-warming activism is indeed political and possibly contrived. Consider that the U.N. and specific nations want to establish a treaty that would include a global "cap and trade" policy. The United States would be charged for having more emissions, and our money would go to less industrialized nations with fewer emissions. Basically the U.N. and cooperating nations want to initiate a financial social engineering program of massive proportions. They have not yet succeeded in their global plan.
However, the Obama administration hopes to adopt a national cap-and-trade system similar to Europe's emissions policy. The government will decide how many tons of CO2 can be emitted and then auction off permits to emitters of greenhouse gases. Expected proceeds [tax increases on all consumers] over 10 years will be roughly $645 billion.
California has already initiated a local cap-and-trade program. It may account for some of the higher commodity prices in our state.
Yes, climate change is a known fact: Earth has and likely will continue to experience warming and cooling trends. However, there are reasons to question the premise that man can cause climate change. It simply is not an established scientific fact, as many have been led to believe.
As to the issue of it being politically motivated, I find it hard to argue that there has indeed been major political involvement with profound ramifications.
I'm solidly behind U.S. Rep. Dana Rohrabacher's position, and am impressed that the Costa Mesa Republican has objectively sought out all the facts rather than blindly accept the politically correct version of this important issue.
BONNIE O'NEIL lives in Newport Beach.


text:
- Click to zoom in or click
- Double click to zoom out or click
- Click to reset image
- Click and drag with to rotate
- Double click to zoom in or click
- Double click to zoom out or click
- Click to reset
All Mountain boards are for general cruising and carving
Directional - nose and tail have different shape and flex
Soft - great for beginners or park, forgiving and playful
Rocker - a playful forgiving feel with plenty of float
The Sims Switch Fakie Snowboard is a great entry board to help you progress easier and ensure that you have a fun time on the slopes. It's made of durable wood that is lightweight and poppy while remaining very stable making it a great pick for helping you to grow with confidence and get the skills to really go from the greens to the blues. The camber profile on this board has great edge hold and response to help you learn how to carve. When you own instead of rent, you'll be able to get familiar with your own board which will aid in your progression plus less time in the rental house means more time on the mountain. Hop onto the soft flexing and forgiving Switch Fakie Snowboard and up your skills and confidence so you can tackle the mountain.


text:
This entry was posted
on Monday, August 2nd, 2010 at 5:50 pm
and is filed under Travel.
You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.
Both comments and pings are currently closed.
Images and Content © The Elephant Walk - Bed and Breakfast
Switch to our mobile site


text:
Arcade Fire
With infectious melodies and introspective lyrics, Arcade Fire has won over the hearts of America with their harp-strumming, accordion-pumping, xylophone-tapping, songs that are undeniably brilliant. The band makes their second appearance on Austin City Limits performing songs from their powerful album The Suburbs.
Originally based in Montreal, Canada, the group is distinctly known for their multi-instrumental abilities, impressively switching instruments throughout their show. In 2004, they released their debut album Funeral, followed by Neon Bible in 2007 to much critical praise. Quite impressively, Arcade Fire has gone from being an underground, indie band to Grammy-winning artists in only a few, short years. A BBC Music writer said, "Emerging from a previously unexplored beyond, their story has always been theirs alone to tell. And The Suburbs is their most thrillingly engrossing chapter yet."
EPISODE LISTArcade Fire (37)
- ACL Artists at the 2015 Grammys
- Encore: Arcade Fire
- Encore: Arcade Fire
- Gear Blog: Arcade Fire
- Encore: Arcade Fire
- The ACL Season 37 commemorative book is here!
- Season 37 Poster Auction!
- ACL Season 37, Episode 9: Arcade Fire
- New Year – New Episodes!


text:
Spice up your next office party or holiday get-together with our divided tins. Each one contains #1 quality pecan halves in Roasted & Salted, Crunchy Praline, Milk Chocolate and White Chocolate.
There's no better way to show a loved one or business associate just how special they are than with a basket filled with delicious pecan products from Louisville Pecan.
Choose from our many flavors of pecans to get just the right combination for yourself, or as a gift for friends, relatives or business associates.
In the 1940's and 50's young men and women moved North from the farm life of southeast Alabama to find work at the textile mills in the valley area of east Alabama and Columbus, GA. They had many family members still in our area. Learn More


text:
DIXON – Shaw Media announced Monday that it has agreed to acquire the assets of The Herald-News in Joliet from Sun-Times Media.
The purchase is expected to close during the first week of January. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.
The Herald-News has been serving Joliet, Will County and Grundy County communities for more than 150 years and will continue as part of Shaw Media's newspaper group.
"We are excited to bring The Herald-News into our established, and growing, family-owned media portfolio," Shaw Media President John Rung said. "We expect to maintain the storied tradition of serving the Joliet region with a high-quality, community-oriented newspaper."
"We have found a great buyer for The Herald-News in Shaw Media," said Tim Knight, president of Sun-Times Media. "This sale will allow the Sun-Times to focus its resources on transforming its core products."
Shaw Media, based in Dixon, is the third oldest continuously owned and operated family media company in the nation. It is the parent company of Suburban Life Media.
The purchase of The Herald-News adds to Shaw Media's growing portfolio of publications in the Chicago suburbs. It follows the 2012 purchase of Downers Grove-based Suburban Life Media, which added 22 weekly publications in Cook, DuPage, Kane and Will counties to the company's award-winning publications in Crystal Lake, DeKalb, Dixon, Grayslake, Morris, Princeton, St. Charles and Sterling in Illinois, and in Newton and Creston in Iowa.


text:
reStart, Inc. supports veterans
Veterans Day – Only in America
We live in the greatest country on the planet. Why? Because we were founded by strong-willed dreamers who were tired of persecution and being told by decree that they had to stay in the class they were born into for the rest of their days.
The U.S. was founded on the principals of freedom, opportunity and the rights of individuals. And over the years, these values and principals have been hard fought, more so than most of us can truly understand or comprehend. Many of us don't know or don't reflect enough on just how lucky we are and how sacred these values are to our core. Over the years, much blood, sweat and tears have been shed to protect this great land of ours.
And for those reasons and so many more, we salute the very people — our veterans — who risk the most and understand at the deepest level just how great the country really is and what it takes to keep it this way for the rest of us dreamers.
So tomorrow, Veterans Day 2015, is for you — our veterans and military families — dream keepers and flag bearers of this great nation.
We salute you.
Mariner Kemper
UMB strives to honor veterans every day, but November 11 is the day that our country sets aside to recognize the men and women who have sacrificed for our freedom. We're particularly excited about the work that an organization in Kansas City is doing right now. reStart‡ was one of the 2015 UMB Big Bash beneficiaries, using the funds for the Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) program. UMB's Veterans Engagement Taskforce (VET) is also involved with reStart's veteran mentorship program.
"One of the biggest helps they were able to give me has been a mentor, and it's been through their help that I've been able to have a better life today and a brighter future for tomorrow."
Below, read more from one of the mentors, James Carlile, who is a financial analyst at UMB and also a veteran. He shares what compelled him to become a mentor and the results he's seen from the program.
At one of our VET meetings, Robin Johnson, head of reStart's SSVF, mentioned that she had several veteran clients in her program that were really wanting to turn the corner and make a sustainable transition away from the homelessness cycle and into self stability. What they needed, and what reStart's limited staffing and resources could not always provide, was personal encouragement. Our VET group jumped all over this and began to work on a plan in which our additional contribution would be the love, guidance and support of UMB veteran associates.
I really had little idea what to expect when I initially met with Robert Durham. All I knew was that he wanted and needed someone who would take the time to listen, help him think through his issues and concerns, and offer encouragement and motivation in the face of very real and very persistent adversity. I could tell he genuinely wanted to improve himself, and he didn't have anyone else to help him with a strategy on doing so. I was fortunate in my transition from the military to have a loving and supportive family that was there for me unconditionally through some very choppy times. Robert did not have that family support, and although I knew I could not solve his issues for him, I could provide him a level of consistency, positivity and encouragement.
Robert and I meet every six weeks at his subsidized one room efficiency apartment. We eat sandwiches, and talk intensely about how he is feeling, what he is working on, the status of his distant relationships with his family, and keeping him focused on his goals. I've learned just how difficult it is for those caught in the crisis cycle to make that change, even when the will is present and pure. Even though we do spend ample time discussing basic professional and life skills, our primary goal together is deliberate emotional support. Robert is currently working on his insurance licensing through the financial support of reStart. His ultimate goal through the vehicle of self sustainability is to mend his fractured relationship with his children and to be the father and example he knows he should be. My role in this is nothing compared to what Robert will have to overcome to get there, but whatever bit of guidance or encouragement I can impart on him I consider a humbling privilege when it impacts the outcome of his quality of life.
When you click links marked with the "‡" symbol, you will leave UMB's website and go to websites that are not controlled by or affiliated with UMB. We have provided these links for your convenience. However, we do not endorse or guarantee any products or services you may view on other sites. Other websites may not follow the same privacy policies and security procedures that UMB does, so please review their policies and procedures carefully.
UMB Financial Corporation
Recent Posts
- May 2019
- April 2019
- March 2019
- February 2019
- January 2019
- December 2018
- November 2018
- October 2018
- September 2018
- August 2018
- July 2018
- June 2018
- May 2018
- April 2018
- March 2018
- February 2018
- January 2018
- December 2017
- November 2017
- October 2017
- September 2017
- August 2017
- July 2017
- June 2017
- May 2017
- April 2017
- March 2017
- February 2017
- January 2017
- December 2016
- November 2016
- October 2016
- September 2016
- August 2016
- July 2016
- June 2016
- May 2016
- April 2016
- March 2016
- February 2016
- January 2016
- December 2015
- November 2015
- October 2015
- September 2015
- August 2015
- June 2015
- May 2015
- April 2015
- March 2015
- February 2015
- January 2015
- December 2014
- November 2014
- October 2014
- September 2014
- August 2014
- July 2014
- June 2014
- May 2014
- April 2014
- March 2014
- February 2014
- January 2014
- December 2013
- October 2013
- September 2013
- August 2013
- July 2013
- June 2013


text:
Michael Lohan knows how hard it is to make it in the big city -- he can't even get into rehab.
We're told Michael headed for the desert last Thursday ... to Rancho Mirage, home of the Betty Ford Center and temporary digs of Lindsay Lohan.
Michael was turned away by security. He was told visiting hours were over. Michael tells us he asked if he was on a "no contact" list and they told him no. But we're guessing his name is right under Osama's.
Michael says he's been on the horn with people at Betty Ford, asking them to please involve him in family therapy with Lindsay.
CommentsClick To View
Hot Video


text:
Words containing rtfordsh
Found 1 words containing rtfordsh. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that contain rtfordsh. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play!
- Scrabble
- Words With Friends
- WordHub
- Crossword