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Tool to remove circular filter retaining ring?
Posted 07 August 2006 - 02:45 PM
I'm speaking specifically of a 72mm UR Pro filter. The inner ring has two notches exactly opposed to each other...
Posted 07 August 2006 - 02:52 PM
I just use two small screwdrivers, (did it the other day) but don't do it by yourself, have someone hold the filter on a table while you do it, once you get it started then its easy...
Or... use calipers...
Join us for an Underwater Photography Workshop in the Lembeh Strait at NAD Lembeh with Doug Sloss in 2018
Blog and Photo Archive/Portfolio Site www.mikeveitchblog.com
Learn underwater photography in the ultimate classroom, Bali! or join us on a trip www.underwatertribe.com and www.baliuwphoto.com
Join us for a trip in Indonesia in Komodo or Raja Ampat
Posted 07 August 2006 - 07:14 PM
I can't for the life of me remember the name of the damn thing but way back when I used to do some Technical Drawing at school we used to have what looked like a drawing compass but with two needles on it and a threaded central bar with an advancing screw. You could set the diameter exactly and not risk the thing expanding or contracting (in this case resulting in possibly scratching the lens). Grind down the ends a bit to dull the points and I would imagine that you'd have the perfect tool for the job at hand.
The Sharks of the Forgotten Islands
- A Natural History Documentary -
Posted 07 August 2006 - 07:16 PM
Posted 07 August 2006 - 11:32 PM
Posted 09 August 2006 - 07:47 AM
Steve B)
Steve Douglas
I have worked as an unpaid reviewer for the editing websites since 2002. Most all hardware and software is sent to me free of charge, however, in no way am I obligated to provide either positive or negative evaluations. Any suggestions I make regarding products are a result of my own, completely, personal opinions and experiences with said products.
Posted 09 August 2006 - 07:53 AM
I used two tiny screwdrivers
Amphibico Phenom & EVO PRO & Navigator 900
Share Your Underwater Videos | www.flykam.com.au
Posted 09 August 2006 - 08:06 AM
Light & Motion Bluefin HD, Sony FX1, L&M HID's
Previous: AquaVideo FX1, L&M Bluefin Pro V900
Posted 09 August 2006 - 03:22 PM
However, McMaster Carr sells what they call Heavy Duty Fixed-Tip Retaining-Ring Pliers. I think that what Peter is calling CIRCLIP PLIERS.
The McMaster-Carr info is
Heavy Duty Fixed-Tip Retaining-Ring Pliers Internal W/Straight Tip, 1-9/16"- 3-15/16" (40-100mm) Bore Dia
In stock at $18.60 Each
If you are going to do a bunch of this or just want a cool tool for $85, you can buy 5770A1
Adjustable-Arm Spanner Wrench Set with 3 Pair Of Tips
In stock at $86.10 per Set.
FYI We're also investigating mounting a Expodisc in our flip macro rings.
Light & Motion
Posted 09 August 2006 - 03:27 PM
Posted 09 August 2006 - 03:28 PM
I found some circlip pliers online, but none of them will span out to 67mm or 72mm (whatever that inner diameter is). Those tools you show seem the best. I will probably give the small screwdriver thing a try, but I'm deathly afraid that i'll slip and scratch the crap out of my new $220 UR Pro filter.
Good luck with your investigations! In the meantime, we'll rig up our own...
Posted 09 August 2006 - 03:34 PM
Posted 09 August 2006 - 06:55 PM
By the way, it's funny to walk into a U.S. hardware store and ask for "circlip pliers." they looked at me like I was crazy.
This type of thing is only understood by Industrial Suppliers
Need a "Plunger fot my loo" and you might find it at a Hardware Store...
Posted 09 August 2006 - 07:34 PM
Wags, I got your Hoya set and the bugga ring is on their tight. I pretty much ruined the +1 as a guinea pig, but they are the hardest retaining rings I've ever dealt with!
This shouldn't be that difficult. Why the hell are they on so tight from the manufacturer, I wonder?
Living Ocean Productions
Posted 09 August 2006 - 08:11 PM
S&S YS110's & YS27's
Posted 10 August 2006 - 12:03 AM
Alexander Mustard - www.amustard.com - www.magic-filters.com
Nikon D5 (Subal housing). Nikon D850 (Subal housing). Olympus EM10-Mk3 (Nauticam housing).
Posted 13 August 2006 - 09:18 PM
A Wetpixel limited time offer exclusive....
Sony HDR-FX1 3CCD HiDef
Amphibico Phenom
Amphibico dual 35-50 HID's
whatever other toys I can
accumulate b4 I die
Posted 13 August 2006 - 11:07 PM
Dave...a grinder
Amphibico Phenom & EVO PRO & Navigator 900
Share Your Underwater Videos | www.flykam.com.au
Posted 17 August 2006 - 02:02 PM
its called a " spanner Wrench "
The clip plyers are for working on the " C clamps "
The ones with the small holes at each end of the C...
Posted 17 August 2006 - 02:05 PM


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The Home of Fashion Film and Live Fashion Broadcasting
Report by Lou Stoppard on 28 June 2013.
Just as the prints struggled to walk the line between deliberately repetitive and predictable, the silhouette also barely differed from last season, or indeed the season before that. You could take this as Tisci celebrating his role in single-handedly establishing a completely new set of menswear shapes, or you could take it as a sign that he's got over comfortable with churning out product.
@givenchy #pfw was all about the nerds skaters and geeks http://t.co/9AHZrW28SM
Backstage @givenchy #pfw the make up matched the print http://t.co/3qH2r6udvm
Leggins para hombre, lo nuevo de givenchy; mtaaa, no faltara la mana con tacon. http://t.co/hx9UWJM4f4
Riccardo posing up @givenchy #pfw http://t.co/EAx3joNEGt
6. See show CLOSE UP, the Spring Summer 2014 GIVENCHY @givenchy #givenchy #parisfashionweek #PFW #Menswear #Sprin http://t.co/FPdkpihxyp
a typically print-heavy finale from @Givenchy mens for SS14 http://t.co/g8gxuqX0Wy
@givenchy #pfw http://t.co/YEpHIgEZYq
Tricolor Tisci! It's @Givenchy SS14, part III #pfw http://t.co/RYdrRwBfJ5
@givenchy #pfw http://t.co/mp44PYWN6b
Transparency Tisci! It's @Givenchy SS14, part II #pfw http://t.co/tnZf0hjuNS
@givenchy #pfw http://t.co/znVP8xudSU
@givenchy #pfw http://t.co/iME9BkbAGf
Colourful analogue audio equipment print at @Givenchy #pfw http://t.co/TNeosc0ezU
Givenchy http://t.co/3C2jt7qWJs
Skateboarding, tribal, sporty elegance, vintage computers' prints for the SS14 show at #GIVENCHY #PFW
Discover the Men's Spring-Summer 2014 show invitation designed by @mmparisdotcom #GIVENCHY #PFW http://t.co/OmxKAIQ21f

subset: commoncrawl


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The homebrew scene for the PlayStation Portable has been nothing short of amazing, bringing out the best (and worst) of the unit with speed and efficiency unrivaled by the official firmware updates—and the scene shows no signs of slowing down. Crafty homebrewers have now managed to create a work-around to the black box-entrenched video out feature of the new PSP-2000, giving users full-screen PSP bliss.
The fix, put out by popular modder DAX, is surprisingly simple, making use of a modified call function for the PSP's "DisplaySetMode" to change the output image from its default to 720x480 over component. Better yet, the fix also adds support for composite video with a resolution of 720x503.
The current build is labeled as a "sample" only, but DAX leaves it open for better programmers to take it and utilize it in future projects. Given how simple the fix is, it's likely that Sony will want to implement a similar feature in a future firmware revision if it doesn't want the long-standing tradition of custom firmwares continuing with the new hardware revision.
Thanks to Troy for the heads up.


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The login box issue should be resolved. If you are still having issues you can still use the alternate link, but please inform us so we can investigate.
This forum contains 23 topics and 97 replies, and was last updated by Eric Jon Magnuson 1 week, 3 days ago.
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DESANTIS GUNHIDE Apache Ankle Rig
The Apache's wide, elasticized leg band largely eliminates the unwanted rocking motion commonly associated with ankle holsters. The Apache is made for small, medium and large frame semi-autos and small frame revolvers. All semi-auto models feature an adjustable Velcro thumb break. Revolver and .32cal holsters feature an adjustable thumb strap (without snap, Velcro closure). Designs may vary. Semi-auto and revolver holster models are constructed with elastic and have a sheepskin lining with a snap thumb break. The .32cal holster models are constructed of neoprene and feature a Velcro thumb break.
SPECIFICATIONS:Mfg Item Num: 062BAMAZ0 Category: HOLSTERS & ACCESSORIES Type :Ankle HolsterColor :BlackMaterial :ElasticSize :Model :062BAMAZ0Finish :BlackGun Mod :See MFG SiteAdd Mod :Mount Type :Belt Size :


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Choosing the Right Law School / Re: SMU Law 3L Taking Questions« on: January 23, 2011, 07:17:41 PM »
How's the Texas legal market looking right now? How well is SMU placing students in legal jobs?
The Texas legal market seems to be fairing better than other markets, but I personally have experienced issues. Like I said earlier, I went to law school to do patent work. I have had few interviews but have not gotten an internship. I thought I was the ideal candidate for these jobs because in the job posting they say that top 30% and BS in electrical engineering is preferred. I have not met one other electrical engineer in both of the law schools I have attended. I am also in the top 15-20% so you would think that I would be the ideal candidate. But the last interview I had was telling. I straight up asked them, how many interns do you plan on hiring? They candidly responded that they were still trying to decide if they were going to have an internship this year. Which is consistent with my theory. All law firms that usually do OCI dont want to tarnish their reputation by not participating in a sagging economy. So they just interview students at OCI and make 0 offers or substantially less offers than usual. So, the Dallas legal market is hurting a bit, but I think that the most hard hit are the larger firms that do corporate work. "people law" is not hurting that much. There will always be criminals, who have family that will sell their home to pay the lawyer, and there will always be injuries in accidents which the lawyers take on contingency. Transactional work is the hardest hit in a down economy. When commerce stagnates or declines, then there are less transactions. But litigation seems to not hurt as much because people will sue on their patents or contract or anything else to get money where they wouldn't normally get money. Its an avenue that people start to explore when normally they would not sue.
So to sum up everything, yes the Dallas legal market has been hurting but most legal markets are as well. Transactional work the worst, with litigation taking a hit as well but still going. We shall see where the economy takes us. One thing about Dallas though is we have a low cost of living. So the money you make goes a little further than CA or NY. Plus you get the benefit of the large population DFW = 5mill Houston = 5mill. etc.
As far as SMU's placement of students... I personally have not been placed in a job. But I do get emails from Career Services every once in a while, and they do ask for you to tell them if you currently have a job or not etc. But what they do with this information I have no idea. Ever since I told them that I had a job, I have stopped receiving emails from them lol. I used to get emails saying which jobs have been posted lately on symplicity. When I told them I was looking for a job, nothing really changed. If you want something out of career services you will have to seek them out and take advantage of what they have to offer like resume editing, and general recommendations etc. In a perfect world the career services department would be like a head hunter calling around for you trying to place you somewhere. But this is not the reality of most career services departments. SMU is not harvard or yale. The top schools career services probably would fair better with placing students. SMU on the other hand will only be able to place easily in a job those students in the top of the class. The others it would be really hard to do, and take a lot of work on the part of the career services employee. So take it for what its worth and go out and do your own thing. Take advantage of what they have to offer and dont just sit around hoping they find something for you. Dont be a job snob and apply to places you feel are beneath you and you will be fine. Sometimes these jobs end up being the job you always wanted anyway.


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NJ's Christie keeps low profile as Dems attack
WASHINGTON (AP) — Moving cautiously to repair his image, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie is maintaining a low profile this weekend as the nation's governors gather in Washington.
Republican officials have been eager to change the subject as Democrats link Christie's troubles to vulnerable GOP governors in a challenging election season.
The usually outspoken Christie is scheduled to attend just one public event over the three-day annual meeting. He avoided a media-sponsored forum on Friday, wasn't granting interviews, won't attend a White House dinner and was skipping a news conference hosted by the Republican Governors Association, an organization he heads.
This year: Christie kept a low profile at what few National Governor's Association Winter Meeting events he chose to attend. Here, Christie talks as Kentucky Gov. Steve Beshear looks on
Christie arrived at the National Governors Association meeting with his wife, Mary Pat, and a group of aides, declining to respond to reporters' questions as he entered the ballroom. Before the start of the meeting, Christie chatted with Gov. Steve Beshear, D-Ky., and agreed to a few quick photographs with attendees near the podium.
"I think he's getting a bum rap," said Lily Kersh of Arkansas, who took a "selfie" photo with Christie.
Asked by reporters afterward whether the bridge scandal came up in meetings with governors, Christie said: "No, just by you guys."
Christie is leaving Washington Sunday to celebrate his daughter's birthday and focus on an upcoming budget address, according to his office. Advisers privately acknowledge a larger effort to reduce media coverage of ongoing abuse-of-power investigations in New Jersey that threaten to derail his ambitious political future. When elected to his second term last fall, Christie was considered one of his party's strongest prospective presidential candidates.
"Governor Christie may be hiding under a bridge somewhere or stuck in traffic, but the fact that he's a liability for Republican governors remains readily apparent this weekend," said Vermont Gov. Peter Shumlin, chairman of the Democratic Governors Association.
Scandal erupted in New Jersey six weeks ago when internal emails revealed that senior members of the Christie administration ordered traffic lanes closed near the George Washington Bridge, perhaps to punish a Democratic mayor. The closures created days of gridlock that ensnared commuters, schoolchildren and emergency responders.
Federal authorities are conducting a criminal investigation, while state lawmakers are pursuing their own civil probe. Christie has denied personal involvement, but five people close to him have been fired or have resigned.
Republican governors seemed keen on avoiding questions about Christie's leadership of the organization responsible for electing GOP governors. Republicans face a challenging political map going into the November midterm contests. They are defending 22 of the 36 governor seats up for election, including six in states that President Barack Obama carried twice.
Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker, a Republican, told reporters that there was "great support" for Christie among fellow GOP governors. "I think for many of us who talked to Chris the last few months, we feel ultimately he's laid out what the facts are and acted on that and we support him both being governor and as RGA chair," Walker said.
Michigan Republican Gov. Rick Snyder, who faces his first re-election this fall, said he appreciates Christie's support as chairman of the governors association but declined to say whether he wanted Christie to visit Michigan on his behalf.
"I have a good relationship with Governor Christie," Snyder said when asked whether he would campaign alongside Christie. "If he's probably coming it's probably in the context of fundraising."
Oklahoma Gov. Mary Fallin said that she and other governors are trying not to "get distracted by all this noise."
Next week Christie is scheduled to lead his second New Jersey town hall-style meeting in as many weeks. He is also set to maintain an aggressive national travel schedule in the coming months.
The Republican Governors Association already announced his plans to travel to Texas, Massachusetts, Georgia, Connecticut and Utah and the association's executive director, Phil Cox, said that's just the beginning.
"I know we've got 10 to 12 trips planned over the next two to three months," Cox said. "You're going to see Governor Christie and many of our governors out across the country campaigning for our candidates."
Of the New Jersey scandal, Cox said, "I don't see it as an issue."
Democrats are using Christie's struggles, along with the recent indictment of former Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell, to undercut the message of Republican governors acting as change agents. Party officials also jumped on the disclosure in Wisconsin this week of tens of thousands of emails that appeared to mix official and campaign business while Walker was serving as county executive and running for governor in 2010, a campaign he won.
At the governor's meeting Saturday, Walker downplayed the documents as "old news," adding that while that investigation is closed, Christie's problems are "just beginning."
Michael Czin, a spokesman for the Democratic National Committee, said, "Especially as other Republican candidates and governors bring Christie in to campaign for them, we're going to continue to talk about how he got things done in New Jersey."
Mitt Romney, the GOP's 2012 presidential nominee, is expected to attend a Christie fundraiser in Boston next week. The event, like all of Christie's national fundraising appearances so far, is expected to be private.
Follow Ken Thomas at http://twitter.com/AP_Ken_Thomas
Follow Steve Peoples at http://twitter.com/sppeoples
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/play Nickelback instrumental here
Did You Know? WWE has over 5,000,000 Facebook Fans, more than the NFL, ESPN, Major League Baseball, NASCAR, hamburgers, the sneezing panda, the What What In the Butt guy, Stove Top Stuffing, handlebar mustaches and the word "sports" COMBINED. [citation needed]
Did You Know? WWE's next pay-per-view event, Over The Limit, takes place in two weeks!
Did You Know? "Over The Limit" is a WWE pay-per-view? I think it's the one where Raw faces Smackdown in a car race and the winner gets the prestigious "Over The Limit" trophy. I also think it's the PPV where The Big Show is always turning on people. They should at least call it "In Your House: Over The Limit."
Worst: Are We Sure This Wasn't Taped Four Months Ago
Maybe I shouldn't have tried to soldier through Raw immediately after the gym and only a few hours of sleep the previous night, but what happened, did I fall asleep in the afternoon and travel time? This Raw looked like a "WWE BEST OF 2010-2011" DVD, with Cena beating up Alex Riley to antagonize the Miz, Michael Cole making Jerry Lawler mad by insulting his dead mother, and a spotlight on the Mysterio/Del Rio, Swagger/Kingston and Punk/Big Show feuds. All we needed was for the That's What I Am commercials to be The Chaperone (tagline: "I'm the chaperone!") and we'd have been set.
Speaking of living in the past…
Worst: Either Have Michael Cole Skullf**k Jerry Lawler's Mother on TV or Move On
I championed the Cole/Lawler angle for a few months, then spent about four years wishing it would stop. They had a match at Wrestlemania that was supposed to end in blood and piledrivers, but it couldn't, and didn't. So they had another match with less heat at the artist formerly known as Backlash, complete with straps for the lashing of backs, that should've ended with Cole being held down and beaten with a belt until he apologized. It didn't end that way, so now we have to have a rushed little two week Lawler vs. Cole re-rematch for stipulations nobody outside of Lawler and Cole care about, and guess what? It isn't going to end like it's supposed to. It's going to end with Cole winning Lawler's Hall of Fame ring, getting inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame (by Lawler? Can Lawler do that?) and spending the NEXT pay-per-view cycle calling himself WWE Hall of Famer Sir Michael Cole.
Then, at Fatal 4-way we have to watch Michael Cole vs. Jerry Lawler vs. Jim Ross vs. Jack Swagger, with maybe Lawler's crown and JR's hat on the line, and Cole wins that with a roll-up after getting punched maybe once, and he can call himself WWE Hall of Famer Good Ol' Sir Michael Cole. After that, Cole wins Money in the Bank (Mr. Money in the Bank, WWE Hall of Famer Good Ol' Sir Michael Cole) and cashes in, somehow winning the WWE Championship with a roll-up on Jerry Lawler, and then we build to the big blow-off at Night of Champions where Lawler gets his "one last shot" at the WWE Championship, and nobody watches it.
And also Michael Cole wins that.


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Today is Day 24 of the 25 Days of SLO Digital Adventure through San Luis Obispo with me, The Leesh!
There is ONLY 2 more days left!!
Today, we are hitting the links in SLO. Now, I am personally not a golfer. I enjoy the driving range and about four holes, but then I am done. But that doesn't mean I can't highlight some of the amazing courses in SLO.
There are some spectacular courses all over the county including the Avila Beach Golf Resort if you want some spectacular ocean views. Sea Pines Golf Resort is another awesome course in Los Osos. Dairy Creek Golf Course is also a great course with student specials and late in the day discounts. And for the closest course to town, Laguna Lake is where my husband enjoys to play a round or two.
No matter where you go, you will be surrounded by the beauty that is SLO. In my picture above is the Los Osos course, Sea Pines, where it can get fogged in from time to time, as you can see, so make sure to bring a jacket. Enjoy!
Stay tuned to continue on this digital adventure with me during the
#25DaysofSLO and vote for Alycia Schaefer for SLO Ambassador!


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Perky Pear Kit
or make 4 interest-free payments of $6.25 AUD fortnightly with More info
This original cross stitch kit has everything you need to create a beautiful, modern work of art. 'Perky Pear' uses 4 beautifully bright summer colours and is designed with whole stitches only so it's suitable for beginner stitchers. Perfect as a great little gift for someone crafty, or if you just want to try a fun cross stitch design without the fuss.
This kit comes beautifully packaged, and contains:
- White Aida fabric (14 count)
- 5inch/12.5cm bamboo embroidery hoop
- Pre-cut and sorted DMC cotton strands
- Full-page colour chart
- 1x needle (size 7)
- Beginner cross stitch instructions
The patterns in Spruce Craft Co. kit's are original designs by Elise Ross. Our kit patterns have been lovingly stitched up to ensure all kits provide sufficient fabric and thread, with accurate and easy-to-follow charts.
IMPORTANT SHIPPING INFORMATION: Spruce Craft Co. products ship from Melbourne Australia, so shipping times may vary. If you live outside of Australia, please allow 3-4 weeks for your product to arrive. We do not use tracking in our postage services. If you would prefer tracking, please contact us - additional postage costs will apply.
Please note: Be sure to read our policies page for refund information before purchasing.


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Getty Images
A white male wearing a Jets jersey under a brown leather jacket robbed two Manhattan banks and tried to rob three others on Friday.
The crook got nearly $13,000 at one bank and $2,500 at another. Though surveillance images plainly reveal his face, he remains at large.
The suspect has been linked to an April 12 bank robbery. That makes him three for six in bank robbery attempts.
The suspect reportedly is 25. Coincidentally, former Jets quarterback Tim Tebow is 25. Apart from the fact that likely he has an iron-clad alibi, an accuracy rate of 50 percent is way too high for him.
And, yes, I wrote this blurb for the sole purpose of making that lame joke.


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The proximity of Terrebonne Parish to the Gulf of Mexico, and the abundance of waterways and wetlands that comprise the largest Parish in Louisiana combine to produce a tremendous commercial and recreational boating population.
Most weekends find residents and visitors alike traveling the expanse of waterways in the parish, partaking in some of the best fishing found anywhere. Where there are boats, there are breakdowns, and sometimes accidents.


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Promote our shirts on your own site and make money! $2 Per shirt!
Think you have a good shirt idea? Send it in, you could win $$$
Members only exclusive content and contests. Sign up now, it's free!
Tags: playground pimp baby t-shirt, playground pimp baby shirt, playground pimp baby tee shirt, baby is a pimp baby tee shirt, pimp on the playground baby shirt, pimpin on the playground


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Camp 1 at 16,200'
Aconcagua is the highest mountain in South America and one of the 7 Summits. I have summited twice - 2005 and 2008 via the False Polish Traverse route.
Aconcagua has a mixed reputation as a 'slag heap' and a challenging climb depending on your experience. I found it a fun climb a great way to gain high altitude experience without all the Himalayan hassles.


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I think art is a pretty personal thing. Although I can't afford pricey originals, I also try my best to not buy the generic mass produced stuff which you can find anywhere including the hardware and grocery store!
Tying to make your own art can be the best and definitely the most cost effective solution -even if you have never picked up a paint brush in your life! In fact, I always tell people to NOT use a paint brush. Taking a tip from an artist friend of mine, she told me that for those just starting out, using your fingers and hands or at least tools that you are more familiar with will always yield better results.
I think every single one of us has some creativity, and it's definitely worth exploring. It can be a fun thing to do with your kids or a great stress reliever to do alone on a rainy afternoon.
- INSPIRATION. Start by finding some art you like. Inspiration is important and it will help you imagine and have some sort of plan of action.
- SUPPLIES. Choose your colour palette and purchase all of your paint ahead of time. Next decide if you will paint on a canvas, poster board, wood or cloth. To keep costs down you can choose to paint over-top a cheap reproduction you already have laying around or snap up something at a second hand shop!
- BE PATIENT. Take your time and be patient. You may need to let the paint dry before applying other, different colours over top.
- GET DIRTY. Use your hands and fingers or items you are familiar using like a spatula, stick, fork, dish sponge, small roller or even a leaf from your favourite plant!
- SPRAY IT. Keep a spray bottle of water handy. It can keep the paint wet longer while you work with it, help to blend colours, water down your art piece to make it more translucent or even create cool random dripping effects! Also, a can of actual spray paint is handy to have around too: Give a list mist over top of your painting and your art will take on a different dimension and have a more interesting texture.


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TAIPEI –British chip designer ARM Holdings said it will defend its over 90 percent share of the mid-range mobile device market against hard-running rival Intel (INTC), helped by a new processor it unveiled on Monday.
ARM introduced the new Cortex A-12 processor optimized for smartphones that sell for between $200 and $350, a mid-range category that the Cambridge-based company said would number half a billion devices a year by 2015.
ARM also expects to see its chip architecture in more wearable devices in the future, such as smartwatches, which it said could be publicly available this year.
"Wearable and interneted devices are starting to come into the industry," ARM marketing executive vice president Ian Drew told Reuters in an interview ahead of the Computex show fair in Taipei. "I was riding a bike with a motion detector, and we've demonstrated a fork that has ARM control in it to count calorie consumption … I suspect sometime this year you'll see one or two (manufacturers) demonstrate smartwatches."
Santa Clara rival Intel, the world's largest chip maker, last month unveiled the most extensive overhaul to date of its Atom mobile processors that underpin its push into smartphones and tablets. Its chips now power a number of devices in the mid-market segment that ARM is targeting with its new processor.
"They are a very big competitor and they're a big competitor to our partners. We have a different business model — we license IP," Drew said. "But we're not slowing down. We focus on how we differentiate the industry … which is why we launched Cortex A-12 and all the graphics and video products around that."
ARM said the new processor would deliver 40 percent more performance than its predecessor, the Cortex A-9, using a similar amount of energy. It expects devices using Cortex A-12s to be on the market by mid-2014.
Chips based on ARM technology dominate mobile computing, from tablets like Apple's (AAPL) iPad to high-end smartphones from Samsung, and down to feature phones and entry-level devices. It licenses its designs to chipmakers like Qualcomm and Samsung, and in return receives a royalty on every chip shipped.
ARM beat first-quarter profit forecasts, driven by buoyant demand for smartphones and tablets that use its processor technology and the strength of the dollar.


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Illinois BioNanotechnology Seminar Series Spring 2011: Engineering Cellular Microenvironments for Biomedicine
Additional materials available (2)
Licensed according to this deed.
Published on
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex organization of structural proteins such as collagens and proteoglycans. Heterogeneous tissues with spatially and temporally modulated properties and their biomaterial mimics play an important role in organism physiology and regenerative medicine. With the understanding that the microstructure, mechanics, and composition of the ECM is dynamic and often spatially patterned or heterogeneous over the length-scale of traditional biomaterials, there has recently been significant effort aimed at moving away from static, monolithic biomaterials towards instructive biomaterials that provide specialized cell behavioral cues in spatially and temporally defined manners. We have been developing patterned, tunable biomaterial systems to explore the practical significance of how cell/matrix cues can be optimized to improve biomaterial regenerative potential and the mechanistic details of how individual (stem) cells sense, integrate, and respond to multiple microenvironmental signals.
Here I will present the development of biomaterials for traditional regenerative medicine applications as well as stem cell fate engineering. We are developing collagen scaffolds and photolithography-based biomolecule patterning tools for the regenerative repair of orthopedic defects. We are also creating multi-gradient and combinatorial biomaterials for rigorous investigation of fundamental questions regarding niche-mediated regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) behavior. Here microfluidic tools aid our investigation of the role played by matrix elasticity, ligand presentation, and paracrine-mediated signaling on HSC fate
S.B., Harvard University, 2000
S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002
Sc.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006
Research Fellow, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 2006-2008
Fellowship, Dupont/MIT Alliance 2000-2001
Fellowship, MIT-Whitaker Health Science Fund 2003-2005
Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 Postdoctoral Fellowship, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH 2006-2008
Cellular and Molecular Mechanics and BioNanotechnology Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (CMMB IGERT)
Midwest Cancer Nanotechnology Training Center (M-CNTC)
Network for Computational Nanotechnology at Illinois (NCN@Illinois)
Sponsored by
- T. Martin, S. R. Caliari, P. Williford, B. A. Harley, R. C. Bailey, The Generation of Biomolecular Patterns in Highly Porous Collagen-GAG Scaffolds using Direct Photolithograph, Biomaterials, 2011, 32(16), pp. 3949-57.
- S. R. Caliari, B. A. C. Harley, The Effect of Anisotropic Collagen-GAG Scaffolds and Growth Factor Supplementation on Tendon Cell Recruitment, Alignment, and Metabolic activity, Biomaterials, In Press 2011.
- B. Mahadik, T. Wheeler, P. Kenis, B. A. Harley, Development of Multigradient Hydrogels to Decode Extrinsic Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate, In Preparation 2011.
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In classical portraiture there are several things you need to control and think about to make a flattering portrait of your subjects, including: lighting ratio, lighting pattern, facial view, and angle of view. I suggest you get to know these basics inside out, and as with most things, then you can break the rules. But if you can nail this one thing you'll be well on your way to great people photos. In this article we're going to look at lighting pattern: what is it, why it's important, and how to use it. Perhaps in another future article, if you enjoy this one, I'll talk about the other aspects of good portraiture.
Lighting pattern I'd define as, how light and shadow play across the face to create different shapes. What shape is the shadow on the face, in simple terms. There are four common portrait lighting patterns, they are:
There are also Broad and Short lighting which are more of a style, and can be used with most of the patterns above. Let's look at each of them individually.
Split lighting is exactly as the name implies – it splits the face exactly into equal halves with one side being in the light, and the other in shadow. It is often used to create dramatic images for things such as a portrait of a musician or an artist. Split lighting tends to be a more masculine pattern and as such is usually more appropriate or applicable on men than it is for women. Keep in mind however, there are no hard and fast rules, so I suggest you use the information I provide here as a starting point or guideline. Until you learn this and can do it in your sleep, default to the guideline whenever you're not sure.
To achieve split lighting simply put the light source 90 degrees to the left or right of the subject, and possibly even slightly behind their head. Where you place the light in relation to the subject will depend on the person's face. Watch how the light falls on them and adjust accordingly. In true split lighting, the eye on the shadow side of the face does pick up light in the eye only. If by rotating their face a bit more light falls on their cheek, it's possible their face just isn't ideal for split lighting.
NOTE: any lighting pattern can be created on any facial view (frontal view showing both ears, or ¾ face, or even profile). Just keep in mind that your light source must follow the face to maintain the lighting pattern. If they turn their head the pattern will change. So you can use that to your advantage to easily adjust the patten just by them rotating their head a little.
What the heck is a "catchlight"?
Notice in this photo above that the baby's eyes have a reflection of the actual light source in them. It shows up as a little white spot, but if we look closer we can actually see the shape of the light I used in this portrait.
See how the bright spot is actually hexagon with a dark centre? That's the light I used which was a small hexagon shaped soft box on my Canon speedlight.
This is what is known as the "catchlight". Without the eye of the subject catching this light, the eyes will appear dark, dead and lifeless. You need to ensure that at least one eye has a catchlight to give the subject life. Notice it also lightens the iris and brightens the eye overall. This also adds to the feeling of life and gives them a sparkle.
Loop lighting is made by creating a small shadow of the subjects noses on their cheeks. To create loop lighting, the light source must be slightly higher than eye level and about 30-45 degrees from the camera (depends on the person, you have to learn how to read people's faces).
Look at this image to see where the shadows fall, and on their left sides you can see a small shadow of their noses. In loop lighting the shadow of the nose and that of the cheek do NOT touch. Keep the shadow small and slightly downward pointing, but be aware of having your light source too high which will create odd shadows and cause loss of the catchlights. Loop light is probably the most common or popular lighting pattern as it is easy to create and flatters most people.
In this diagram the black backdrop represents the bank of trees behind them. The sun is coming over the trees but they are completely in the shade. A white reflector is used at camera left to bounce light back into the subjects' faces. The reflector may or may not be in the sun but you can still pick up light even if it's not. Just play with the angles, by changing the placement of the reflector you can change the lighting pattern. For Loop lighting it will need to be somewhere around 30-45 degrees from the camera. It also needs to be slightly above their eye level so the shadow or loop of their nose angles down towards the corner of the mouth. That is one mistake I often see beginners make with reflectors is to place them down low and angle it up. That lights up the bottom of your subject's nose and does not create a flattering pattern.
Rembrandt lighting is so named because the Rembrandt the painter often used this pattern of light in his paintings, as you can see in his self portrait here. Rembrandt lighting is identified by the triangle of light on the cheek. Unlike loop lighting where the shadow of the nose and cheek do not touch, in Rembrandt lighting they do meet which, creates that trapped little triangle of light in the middle. To create proper Rembrandt lighting make sure the eye on the shadow side of the face has light in it and has a catch light, otherwise the eye will be "dead" and not have a nice sparkle. Rembrandt lighting is more dramatic, so like split lighting it creates more mood and a darker feel to your image. Use it appropriately.
To create Rembrandt lighting the subject must turn slightly away from the light. The light must be above the top of their head so that the shadow from their nose falls down towards the cheek. Not every person's face is ideal for creating Rembrandt lighting. If they have high or prominent cheek bones it will probably work. If they have a small nose or flat bridge of the nose, it may be difficult to achieve. Again, keep in mind you don't have to make exactly this pattern or another, just so long as the person is flattered, and the mood you want is created – then the lighting is working. If you are using window light and the window goes down to the floor, you may have to block off the bottom portion with a gobo or card, to achieve this type of lighting.
Butterfly lighting is aptly named for the butterfly shaped shadow that is created under the nose by placing the main light source above and directly behind the camera. The photographer is basically shooting underneath the light source for this pattern. It is most often used for glamour style shots and to create shadows under the cheeks and chin. It is also flattering for older subjects as it emphasizes wrinkles less than side lighting.
Butterfly lighting is created by having the light source directly behind the camera and slightly above eye or head level of the subject (depends on the person). It is sometimes supplemented by placing a reflector directly under their chin, with the subject themselves even holding it! This pattern flatters subjects with defined or prominent cheek bones and a slim face. Someone with a round, wide face would look better with loop or even split to slim their face. This pattern is tougher to create using windowlight or a reflector alone. Often a harder light source like the sun or a flash is needed to produce the more defined shadow under the nose.
Broad lighting is not so much a particular pattern, but a style of lighting. Any of the following patterns of light can be either broad or short: loop, Rembrandt, split.
Broad lighting is when the subject's face is slightly turned away from centre, and the side of the face which is toward the camera (is broader) is in the light. This produces a larger area of light on the face, and a shadow side which appears smaller. Broad lighting is sometimes used for "high key" portraits. This type of lighting makes a person's face look broader or wider (hence the name) and can be used on someone with a very slim face to widen it. Most people however want to look slimmer, not wider so this type of lighting would not be appropriate for someone who is heavier or round faced.
To create broad lighting the face is turned away from the light source. Notice how the side of the face that is towards the camera has the most light on it and the shadows are falling on the far side of the face, furthest from the camera. Simply put broad lighting illuminates the largest part of the face showing.
Short lighting is the opposite of broad lighting. As you can see by the example here, short lighting puts the side turned towards the camera (that which appears larger) in more shadow. It is often used for low key, or darker portraits. It puts more of the face in shadow, is more sculpting, add 3D qualities, and is slimming and flattering for most people.
In short lighting, the face is turned towards the light source this time. Notice how the part of the face that is turned away from the camera has the most light on it and the shadows are falling on the near side of the face, closet to the camera. Simply put short lighting has shadows on the largest part of the face showing.
Once you learn how to recognize and create each of the different lighting patterns you can then start to learn how and when to apply them. By studying your subject's face you will learn which lighting pattern will be best for them, and for the type of portrait and mood desired. Someone with a very round face that wants to appear slimmer in a grad portrait, will be lit very differently than someone that wants a promo shot for their band that makes them appear mean or angry. Once you know all the patterns, how to recognize and master quality of light, direction of light and ratio (we'll discuss that in a future article) then you will be well equipped to handle the challenge.
Of course it is much easier to change the lighting pattern if you can move the light source. However if the main light source is the sun, or a window – it's a bit tougher to do that. So what you will need to do instead of moving the light, is to have the subject rotate in respect to the light to change the direction it falls on them. Or change your camera position. Or change their position. So basically move the things you can move in relation to the light, if you cannot move the light source itself.
Corral yourself a subject (as in a real live person, not your dog) and practice creating each of the lighting patterns we just discussed including:
Remember to show both broad lighting and short lighting – for each of the different patterns, where applicable. Don't worry about any other aspect (ratio, fill light, etc) for now, just concentrate getting the patterns down pat first. Use light from a window, a floor lamp with a bare bulb (take the shade off) or the sun – but try and use a light source that you can see what's happening (I'd suggest that you do not try using flash until you've got more experience, it's harder to learn with because you can't see it until after the photo is taken) This also works best to start out with the subject facing the camera directly, no turning except to create the broad and short.
Show us your results please and share any challenges or problems you encountered. I'll try and help you solve them so you and others can learn from it, and get better for next time.
If you're on Pinterest – here's a graphic to save this tutorial.
This is one of the best tutorial on lighting I have found anywhere. The graphics are most helpful too. Thank you!!!
Very nice tips of lighting for the new photographers.
@Chris - yes agreed!
@Lewis so glad you found it then!
I've been looking for a simple but effective explanation of lighting patterns for a while. This is brilliant. Many thanks.
Very good article, and nice to see all examples created using just window light. I use short lighting regularly as it definitely slims the face and goes down well with clients!
thanks Rik!
Really great article Darlene, explained clearly and easy to follow in the real world. The biggest challenge is creating these portrait styles with natural light only but once you know what to look for the results are consistently good. Use of light in portraits is so key but often so misunderstood.
Hi Karen - this is NOT done in a studio. There is NO lights and NO background. This is done using AVAILABLE light coming from a window and the background is a wall in the office I borrowed to do the portraits. That's it, simple. Sorry I can't be of more help but there is no background as such.
Hi Darlene,
Thank you for the wonderful article. Could you PLEASE tell me what the background is that you are using for the photographs? Dark Gray? I love the look. Could you tell me the brand/color? Also, I am assuming these portraits were shot without any background light on the backdrop? I need to shoot some simple portraits of jr. High kids in a school play next week and this would be perfect.
I had to really study those images looking for the patterns discussed. Using the image of examples at the top of this article, I made myself a cheat-sheet of sorts.
Did I get them all right?
Thanks for this very informative article.
@cristian - great effort first of all, especially trying to set up a self portrait!
Here's what I would suggest. First, this isn't split lighting. The main light is too far behind you and is more of what is called a rim light, or kicker light. You can do that sort of thing if you have multiple lights to work with, but if you only have one softbox/flash I'd put that more forward to light your face properly. That is why you are not getting catch lights in your eyes. The main light creates them, not the reflectors. Sometimes if you are using a second flash as a fill light it will create a catch light, but mostly a reflector isn't powerful enough to give you a nice clean one. This is what is making your left eye (in the right side of the photo) dark. You can see the shadow in your eye socket from that light. It is also too high which is another reason why it doesn't produce a catchlight.
Second, your silver reflector is also too far behind you. In essence what you've created is cross lighting, with neither of them actually hitting the front of your face. This reflector is making the deep shadow in your right eye (left side on photo as we view it). It is too LOW. If you look at the light it produces in your eye I can see that it is about at eye level. You want it a bit higher. When you use a low angle for your lights it lights up the lower part of the chin/neck and adds weight to the person. It also lights up the tip and bottom of their nose which is not usually desirable.
Lastly your reflector in the front is trying to fill in all those double shadows but it's not strong enough and even if it was you'd just end up with more cross shadows complicating the issue. Try and keep things simpler. I've done a couple of diagrams to show you what you've set up and how I'd suggest to modify it for a more flattering light on your face.
diagram #1 - this is what you've set up, correct?
diagram #2 - this is what I'd suggest to change it.
Notice that the main light (softbox) is more around the front, keep it to the side if you want the split lighting. To help you get the pattern you want, do a test shot without any of the reflectors and you will be able to see better what your main light is doing. Then add in one reflector at a time, do another test. Build it one light at a time so you can see what they are doing. Make sure there is light in your eyes from the softbox, you want the light to be at about 10 o'clock on your eyeball - so not too high it disappears, and not too low as to light up your nostrils.
Notice also that I have the reflector in front of the camera, not around the other side. I keep my reflectors closer to my main light so as not to produce a second shadow going the opposite direction to work against the main light. It's called wrap around lighting - you build your light around the subject.
If you want a hair light, you can try a reflector for that, placed behind and up high behind you. Or if you have a second flash you can do a hair light with that. I didn't get into multiple light set ups in this article to keep it simpler to learn the lighting patterns first. Remember KISS - keep it simple is usually better. I would not use a second reflector in a set up like this.
Thanks for this well explained tutorial.
Hi, Darlene, I enjoyed your article. I"m experimenting with lighting, but haven't found someone with enough patience to pose for me, so I decided to try some self portraits. In the photo you will see, I tried a split lighting where main light (soft box, wireless flash) is behind me and above, a silver reflector on camera right, and I'm holding in hands a white reflector camera left. So the main light from behind, is bouncing in the silver reflector, which is bouncing on the white reflector. I went with this set up since all other lighting techniques would not give me a "3D" perspective without an additional light behind me. Now, I kind of like the hair light that main light creates, but I'm not getting the catch light with this set up. Also, I think the white reflector on the camera left, makes a shadow under the eye. Maybe I should have tried a silver one. What is your opinion about this can you give some thoughts ? Thank you, Cristian
Oh.. here is the photo:
Hi, Darlene, I enjoyed your article. I"m experimenting with lighting, but haven't found someone with enough patience to pose for me, so I decided to try some self portraits. In the photo you will see, I tried a split lighting where main light (soft box, wireless flash) is behind me and above, a silver reflector on camera right, and I'm holding in hands a white reflector camera left. So the main light from behind, is bouncing in the silver reflector, which is bouncing on the white reflector. I went with this set up since all other lighting techniques would not give me a "3D" perspective without an additional light behind me. Now, I kind of like the hair light that main light creates, but I'm not getting the catch light with this set up. Also, I think the white reflector on the camera left, makes a shadow under the eye. Maybe I should have tried a silver one. What is your opinion about this can you give some thoughts ? Thank you, Cristian
Oh.. here is the photo:
[eimg link='http://www.flickr.com/photos/42371624@N02/8559294362/' title='Self Portrait' url='http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8520/8559294362_5aff9429a0_c.jpg']
@bud sorry about that the diagram more closely represents the painting above her.
I haven't used any lights to create these portraits including background lights - this was all done simply with the light from one window.
The Rembrandt lighting diagram does not seem to follow the photo of the model. Her head is turned opposite of the diagram. Also, there seemed to be no mention of the background lights that support the rest of the images. Otherwise, this is a good quick study of simple lighting. Thank you.
Great! More power to you! This is helpful and easy to understand! :)
Nice tutorial. Thanks for sharing it.
Fantastic article! Thank you for taking the time to write and share it.
Thank you so much for this article. Very informative and now I finally understand these lighting scenarios.
Brilliant -one of the best and easiest explanations around lighting patterns I have seen. Will keep this in my book marks thank you
Nicely explained. It will be helpful.
Darlene You've got soem awesome techiques and tips- lots of great info packed into shortish articles with great examples to show what you're talkign about- Your website has soem fantastic photography as well- and I noticed you are big on gettign correct angles to make the photos really dynamic too- To me, a great photo is one youl ook at and go 'wow- great photo' and know that if the angles or composition was even just a little different that the photo woudl fall apart- and that's soemthign that I think can be learned as well too- I notice a few of your articles here talk abotu different angles and such- and this kind of info is invaluable- thansk for the great articles-
Hi Darlene
I very much enjoyed your article. I think I will be able to follow some of these techniques and my results will improve I am sure.
As many have said, well explained!
All the best
Great tutorial!!!
Superb! Great tips to do the best photos we can, even when only a window is what we have! A must! Thanks a lot!
thanks for the information, a great time saver topics are direct and straight to the point.
Oh my! What an interesting post.. Enjoyed your blog.
One of my favorite instructionals on this site. Thanx
@Product Photography - if by "fluorescent" you mean continuous lights, I would say that's good if they are neutral white or warm white. It doesn't matter what colour lighting you use, you can always do a custom white balance in camera to correct it anyway.
Harsh lighting has to do with the quality of light which has to do with the size of the light source and the distance of it to the subject - nothing else. Harsh light is from a small light source such as bright sunlight, a bare bulb single light, an on camera flash. Soft light comes from an overcast or cloudy sky, large umbrella or softbox, or a large window with indirect light (no sun coming in directly). The latter are all better for making more flattering portraits. Harsh light is required to create texture and 3D qualities. Neither is right or wrong it all depends on what you want to achieve with the portrait.
When natural lighting is not available, it is best to use florescent lights. Cool lighting is essential to use when photographing skin tones because if harsh lighting is used, the subject's good features can be hidden while their bad features are accentuated.
Jackie, wow that's crazy! Now I get it!
No thank you for reading, it's my pleasure to respond to comments.
@Darlene, ah yes! character! it is beginning to change in LA/NY, but in the Southeast (for the most part) the casting directors (CD's) want to see exactly what they are getting when the person walks through the door. any shadows or side poses are possible indication that the actor is hiding something...believe it or not ;). and some actually are hiding...scars, deep wrinkles, huge birthmarks, etc.... i've been on each side as a CD, and now currently as an actress and headshot photog. it's all about making the regional CD's and talent agents happy :). the actor has to look exactly like their headshot with no surprises....and the most frequent complaint in all regions? "DO THEY HAVE ANOTHER EAR?!" Lol. Thanks for replying, that's awesome of you to take the time!!
Hi everyone, thanks for keeping the comments coming! I was away last week so I'll try and catch up on answering your questions.
@Craig - for butterfly what you're looking at is the shadow under the nose that looks sort of like a butterfly wing. It will vary from person to person based on the shape of their nose and height of the light, but can you see that now?
@Jackie - you say actors head shots need to be evenly lit, why is that? Is someone putting that requirement on them for you? I'd say just the opposite actually. Actors need to show their character, and you can't do that with flat lighting. You need the play of highlight and shadow to create more drama as it were.
@Johnny to my knowledge flash does not hurt your eyes, nor does it damage newborns' eyes. I did some digging around after I read your comment and I can't find anything to say that it does damage them. I've personally been to Anne Geddes studio in New Zealand. Of course Anne is the master of photographing newborn babies. I can tell you that she takes the utmost care and consideration to make sure those babies are not harmed in any way. Safety is priority #1 in her studio. She does however use flash or strobe lighting. I'm sure that as she is a specialist in this she would have done research and if it was harmful she would not be doing it. This is all I could find on it with links to some doctors research on the topic http://www.sublime-light.com/index.php/2007/09/17/will-flash-damage-babies-sensitive-young-eyes/ and just a side note, the baby in the catchlights example was not newborn, she was about 6 weeks old. I'm not sure where the cutoff is for the term "newborn" though.
@Kathy yes those topics are in the works but I've just gotten back from a 6 day trip and need to work on some of my images and write something for my site too. I'll do it as soon as I can, thanks for asking!
@ljubo yes what Jayson has said is true it is broad lighting and sort of a loop but it's hard to see exactly because we see mostly the lit side of the face. The easiest way to make this into short lighting and change the pattern on the face is to turn the person's face more towards the window or light source. Take a look at the diagrams again and watch the face as they turn one way and then the other. You will see it go from broad to split to short as they turn. I hope that helps.
Thanks to those that added their comments and found it helpful.
Excellent post! One of the most clear, concise, and informative examples of portrait photography I've seen to date. These tips can be easily incorporated into any photographer's "tool set" from beginner to professional and everything in between. Nicely done.
@jayson Thank you Jayson! I am just a beginner and I have used only natural window light and dont have DSLR
@ljubo to me that looks like, firstly, broad lighting ( ie main light on side of face pointing towards the camera- and not a very flattering style as it makes this, and most people, woman look more overweight. And the slightly higher position of the main takes it from almost split lighting to almost loop. The modifiers for the main and fill are soft boxes ( either small one for fill or umbrella) which reduce the hard shadows (also evident in reflection in eyes), and the ratio ( difference in intensity of the main and fill) is very low, which makes the shadows not as evident. Bottom line, this would have been a nicer, more flattering photo if short lighting utilised, and either full loop or perhaps butterfly lighting used. But at the end of the day just my opinion.
I dont know what pattern this could be http://www.flickr.com/photos/keselj/7149696901/in/photostream
extremely well explained - well done.
This is one of the best explanations of lighting patterns I've seen. Great job!
nice post..
portraits from bombay: http://mikhailanand.wordpress.com/2012/05/20/dhobi-ghat/
I really enjoyed this article. Great examples, my favorite is the Rembrandt and if i can get my daughter to sit still long enough I'll be trying them all out today.
this is really simple and explained very well
Great post. Clear and totally gettable. The portrait and lighting examples really pulled this teaching together for me. I'm anxious to try these techniques. I see the light! Thank you Darlene for taking to the time to put this together.
Thank you for such a clear, well-illustrated article! Being self-taught I have lots of gaps in my knowledge, and I have been needing to learn more about both portraiture and lighting. Your article made it so easy to understand; now I can go out and play!
Natural light, natural pose
Excellent matter! a potrait shoot to streghten my skills was what was on my list next..and this article only helps me get better .. thankyou so much!!!
I agree with Jayson that it would have been nice to have this information early as a student. I went through a lot of classes, tutoring, workshops, books, etc...none gave me the excellent, concise explanation you give in this article! I was just astounded. It was like a curtain opened for me. I've had my camera for over a year now trying to learn on my own. Now I really feel like I have something concrete to practice. Thank you so very much! Are you going to write similar articles for the other aspects like lighting ratio, facial view and angle of view soon? I sure hope so. You are a very good teacher.
This is a great article.
However, I'd like to point out that it is ill advised to use a flash on a newborn. Their eyes are not yet developed enough to handle such an instant and extreme change in lighting. They also don't have the ability to anticipate a flash like adults do.
You could just as easily get a 'catch light' using a natural source. And still light the baby in a beautiful way.
Thanks again for the article! And please don't flash babies any more. :-)
Thank you, Darlene! This is a great concise 'cheat sheet' on the various types of lighting patterns - I greatly appreciate it! I work mostly with actors' headshots - which, for the most part, must be evenly lit. But as trends ebb and flow, these are excellent ways to determine what is best for each type of face. THANK YOU
Excellent and highly imformative article. A very interesting and educational read.
Concisely written and in a simple, explanatory style. Thank you for taking the time Darlene;)
PS. I get what Dona means about the photographs, but I think it is more to do with the monitor I'm using to view the images, combined with my limited knowledge of photography, i.e. not too sure about what I'm meant to be looking at regarding the butterfly shadow etc.
What a great article, thanks. Have bookmarked this one. I've read lots about lighting and portraits but think this gets the message over very well.
Excellent article and some great tips! Thanks.
Here's some of my recent favorite portraits:
Darlene, a fantastically written and informative tutorial with excellent and relevant supporting imagery. I am a professional photographer and your initial photos jumped out at me, very obviously, as broad, short, rembrandt, butterfly, loop and split, as i rattled them off in my head. All, also very obviously, lit by a large light source. I think your tutorial is perfect and I only wish I was exposed to such terrific examples when I went through phot school. I really enjoyed both the article and the 'light-bulb' moment responses. Well done and keep up the good work.
Thank you so much for such an easy to follow and understand article, I look forward to others from you.
An excellent writeup - I sure will learn a lot from this. Cannot wait to start putting it all into practise.
Thank you so much.
Thank you so much! I love the examples so we can clearly understand what you are saying.
Nice post about basic lighting setup well detailed and informative :)
Great article! I never knew there are so many light angles. Thanks!
"lighting ratio, lighting pattern, facial view, and angle of view"
Exactly, I learn & understand these basics, just need times to practice it.
@Dona - actually, look again. I'm not using ANY lights on the black and white images, it's all 100% window or natural light. I may have used a reflector to fill in the shadows a bit but I don't think I did. The room we were in is all white walls and it filled in by itself. So I'm not sure what 3 lights you're seeing cause there wasn't any used in this case. My article isn't about lights and I find people new to portraiture find studio lights confusing for this reason. That's why I recommend learning using natural light first.
I'm also not sure what you mean by the "all the photos are greyish" - yes they are certainly grey, but they are black and white. I did them that way to simplify and have the lighting pattern be more obvious than perhaps it would be in a colour image. I think there is plenty of contrast in these images to see the lighting patterns. At least I think the other 29+ or so commenters have found so, yes. I'm sorry if you found it hard to follow - did anyone else have this experience as well?
Excellent and concise article, with great pictures and illustrations. No doubt many people will find this extremely handy!
It would be nice post if the photos would really show the differences. I can see maybe 3 different lights, when I really look at them loong time. As a photographer with experienced in studio, I would suggest next time to use some contrast, as when you use contrast light it should be shown on the photo, not like above, where all the photos are greyish...
@Beverly - I'm not sure I understand your questions. Where to focus in a group - that depends on the size of the group. Ideally you want to focus on someone's eyes. If you have three rows of people you'd think you want to focus on the middle row but if you use the hyper focal distance (1/3 of sharpness is in front where you focus, 2/3s is behind) you want to focus a bit forward of middle. Does that help? You also need to make sure you use a small enough aperture for groups to get everyone in the group in focus. Generally f8 or smaller.
As for how to meter, I use a hand held incident light meter but you can use your camera meter too. Like anything in digital - do a shot, review it on the camera and look at the histogram. If it's within range and you aren't over or under exposing it you're good. This article isn't really designed to discuss these things though these are full articles on their own.
Thank you so much! I've started to hear these terms mentioned by judges at my photo club but haven't quite understood - seeing example photos and simple diagrams makes it so much clearer! I need to reread and have a try to really "get it" - but just wanted to say thanks for such a great piece!
Thanks for an excellent article! The descriptions of the different lighting patterns, along with example photos and diagrams are very helpful!
@Piero - thanks so much, I'm really glad it put some of the puzzle together for you.
That was such a wonder article! So educational!
@Scott - correct, but you're actually saying the same thing I am. It has to do with the relationship to the light and position of the face. So in Short of any kind you are viewing the shadow or dark side, as you say, of the face. In order to achieve that the subject's face my be turned towards the light. Does this make sense?
Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!
I have three books on portrait lighting that, taken together, don't begin to explain the subject as well as you did in one entry.
Your examples and illustrations were spot on.
Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!
Great article, immediately practical and easy to follow. I didn't appreciate how much consideration goes into portrait photography as it's not something I've done a lot. This 'guide' has therefore given me an immediate appreciation of what I'd need (and like) to consider in the future. Please write the follow-ups!
Actually I need to correct you here. Short & Broad are based on the position of the photographer and can be any of the 4 lighting styles. So, a Short Split would be viewed from the dark side, where Broad Split would be from the light site.
Thank you, this is really well written & helpful.
Wonderful explanation! Would love more such as who do you focus on in a group and what metering do you use? Thanks!!
An excellent article, Darlene. It is well-written and the examples perfectly show what you are describing.
I used some simple lighting to get this shot - large softbox 45 degrees left
Thanks for the comments everyone, glad you enjoyed the article. I've got a couple more in the works. ;-)
@Jason sorry that wasn't clear, the diagram is showing how to make the light that is actually on the Rembrandt painting. You can do Rembrandt pattern both as short or broad lighting so the painting is broad, the example of the woman is short. Does that clarify it?
@Steve all my examples were done with available light outdoors or windowlight. I teach an available light class and I find for someone that's never done portrait lighting of any kind before it's much easier to start by using available light because you can see it. When you start working with speedlights or even studio lights you can't see the affect until after you take an image. If you are using speedlights you can use Pocket Wizards to use them as TTL and still get good lighting ratios (hint that may be an upcoming article).
Cheers everyone, thanks again
Great instructions. I've tried all of these with speedlights and different modifiers. You do need to know your camera and manual setting to achieve good results. Also the distance of whatever light source and modifier used will affect your shadows and light fall off considerably.
Thanks for a great article, that's both informative and very well written.
Thank you for the helpful refresher for we still working on portrait photography.
Great article. Will use it for reference until I have these down. Thanks for the great info in a quick article.
Helpful article for the aspiring portrait/studio photographer. Thanks for the tips!
Very cool. Love the rembrandt lighting. Thanks!
Very good tutorial and I really appreciated the lighting diagrams from sylights.com which I will start using myself!
Rembrandt lighting is probably my favorite style, which I used for this business headshot:
I have a question though Darlene, in your Rembrandt diagram you have the subject looking away from the light source, but in the direction your portrait example is looking the woman is well lit on the side of her face that should be looking away from the light source, but that is the side that is lit. Could you please clarify. Thank you.
This is the first time hearing about Rembrandt Lighting.
thanks for the information :)
Awesome article!!
I'm trying to use those type of portrait lighting on my personal project about self-portrait (52 self-portrait for 52 weeks on 2012).
You can check it into my website:
Thanks. Very well done and concise. The references about face shapes vs. lighting patterns is especially helpful. Look forward to more from you.
Inspirational. This article will make me a better photographer. Great job and thanks in sharing your photographic expertise.
Very well written and concise. I loved it.
Congratulations on this post... one of the best and easiest explanations around lighting patterns I have seen.


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UPDATE 3: April Fools.
UPDATE 2: Avril Foujour of BRP has made a statement to Asphalt & Rubber confirming the press leak.
UPDATE: It looks Bomber Motorcycles has twitter and Facebook accounts both suggesting news to be released on Friday. Logo addded to the story.
A day ahead of its scheduled release, it would appear that someone inside Bombardier Recreational Products (BRP) has leaked an announcement that Erik Buell Racing and BRP will form a new motorcycle company called Bomber Motorcycles. The press release, which was posted on the Buell enthusiasts forum Bad Weather Bikers has now been taken down, perhaps by request of Erik Buell Racing or Bombardier. But it appears to have come from someone at Bombarider, and was thankfully forwarded to us by a quick spotting member. This would seem to confirm earlier chatter we heard last week in the Buell camps about a Bombardier connection that we dismissed as fallout from the Alan Cathcart article in DealerNews.
The surprise announcement couldn't come on a worse day, although it looks like it was actually scheduled to occur tomorrow to avoid April Fools confusion. Never-the-less the press release outlines the creation of a joint-venture between the two companies, with a 1190cc sportbike slated for arrival late in 2010. Dubbed the Stratofortress, the bike features what sounds like a new Rotax powerplant that has 1190cc's on board, and uses a 60 v-twin configuration. According to the release, the Bomber Stratofortress certainly sounds the part, making 160hp and weighing an alleged 365lbs dry. More after the jump.


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He's dressed Mila Mulroney and Aline Chrétien, former governor general Michaëlle Jean and the outrageous Marlen Cowpland. But it was fashion designer Richard Robinson's first client 43 years ago — his wife, Louise — that would prove to be the most important of his life. Married for more than four decades now, with three children and five grandchildren (plus two more on the way), the pair have literally grown up together; she in the administrative offices of his Sussex Drive boutique and he out front designing the clothes.
It's a long way from his humble beginnings in Gatineau, the son of a pulp mill worker who didn't much like his boy wearing his bedspread as a cape or dressing the neighbourhood girls every Saturday. "He used to yell at me about it, but it was predestined," says Robinson, now 64.
1. What does "home" mean to you?
A home is a place where you can relax and enjoy your privacy. Because I love to be outside as well, we chose a house where we have a nice garden ... We've been very happy for all the time that we've been here.
2. What is your favourite room/nook in your home and why?
My private place to be is outside, not in the house (laughs). In the morning, I like to have my breakfast outside and at night I like to have my dinner outside and to be outside as much as we can. Because of the patio and the way outside is built, often we can even be outside even when it rains.
3. What is on your bedside table?
Lots of junk (laughs). Even if my wife tries to tidy, the day after, it's all messy. When I go to sleep at night, I like to go to bed early so I can enjoy reading. I might have 10 different books on my bedside. I read part of one, then I switch to another, depending on my mood.
4. You're a fashion designer, so what's a treasured item in your closet?
One of my black suits. They're simple and I can dress it up or dress it down depending on the occasion. When I open my wardrobe, if I don't know what to wear, I'll pick my black suit and I'm OK.
5. You've dressed many women from your shop in this city. Can you name three who have been the most fun to design for and why?
Probably the most fun one was Marlen Cowpland. I was able to do outrageous designs and she wore them with (a sense of) fun and pleasure. Also, designing for Mrs. Chrétien (wife of former prime minister Jean Chrétien) was good . . . she's the opposite of Marlen Cowpland; she's very classical and she likes beautiful clothes. Madame LeBlanc, also. (The wife of the former governor general Roméo LeBlanc) is a fun person to make clothes for. Very expressive and she has a good sense of humour.
Nobody could forget the million-dollar catsuit, with the gold-and-diamond breastplate, that Marlen Cowpland once wore. Did she help you come up with that?
That (design) went all over the world. She asked me to design something very spectacular for a big event they were having here and this idea came to me just like that . . . We had to do a mould of her body exactly the shape of her breast, so that was very exciting, too, but with Marlen it was fun because she was willing to do whatever. She's a woman who has lots of guts and she was not afraid to shock. And she could afford anything, so there was no limit.
6. What is your idea of happiness?
Happiness is to be with a wonderful woman that you love and share every moment with. I'm very fortunate to have met my wife, Louise, because we're a perfect team together. We like the same things and we work so well together. We're together almost 24 hours a day.
And you don't fight?
No. Well, when we're at the boutique, she works in the administration upstairs. So, we're not really together, but we do the same kind of work. So, it's wonderful.
7. What is your idea of misery?
When you don't have money to do what you want to do . . . If you don't have enough money to live the kind of life you want to live, it's frustrating.
8. Who are your heroes?
When I decided to go to France, to study at (École de) la chambre syndicale de la couture Parisienne, my dream was to work for either Christian Dior or Yves Saint Laurent and I was fortunate enough to work for both. At Dior, I was working in the atelier where we were producing evening gowns and cocktail dresses. At that time, Dior was renowned for his evening gowns. After, I decided to go and work for Yves Saint Laurent and I was working in the atelier where they were producing suits and coats. At that time, Laurent was known for his tailored suits, jump suits and pantsuits. So, I had the best training from both of them. Then I came back and opened my own fashion house in 1969. I wanted to be like them. They were famous couturiers. So, I said, 'If I can do what they do, I'll be very happy.' "
What were they both like in person?
If people were waiting to go in the elevator, Dior would let his employees go first, ahead of him. And Yves St. Laurent was a very shy man. I remember at the end of a presentation, he had to go outside and meet clients and Mr. (Pierre) Berge — who was his friend at that time — had to push him to go outside because he didn't want to go . . . A very quiet man, always thinking.
9. Your favourite qualities in a man?
My favourite quality in either a man or a woman is honesty. If you have honest people around you, you're OK because honesty means everything.
10. Beyond honesty, your favourite qualities in a woman?
I'm trying to think of all the qualities that my wife has and . . . (laughs). Well, I like a woman that likes to look good and takes care of themselves. And my wife has that, for sure.
11. Except children, who has been the great love of your life and when/where did you first meet?
My wife, Louise. When I opened Richard Robinson Fashion House, the first order that I had was from her. She was graduating as a nurse and she came and asked me to design her ball gown for (graduation). She was a beautiful, young blond. All tanned. Then, during the summer of that year, she invited me to attend some of her friends' weddings, but I thought it was just (because she needed somebody to go with her) . . . I didn't think she would be interested in me.
12. How would you like to be remembered?
As a designer with lots of flair and somebody that could make things interesting . . . I'm a very classical designer, but I can do things very (outrageous). I hope people will remember me as (a person) who liked what I was doing for so many years.
It's been your passion?
I've been doing it for 43 years and I'm as much excited to do my work now as I was 43 years ago. Fashion is a wonderful world to be in and I thank God every day that he picked me to do this.
You can reach Julie Oliver at email@example.com.


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A friend gave me an iBook with XFCE installed.The problem is that I never used Apple computers but also never used Linux!
So I have a few questions.
1- Is there an "My Computer" place or folder where I can see what CPU,RAM etc do I have?
2- Is there any "Add/Remove Programs"? (How do I unistall a program?)
3- How do I Right click on Apple iBook?There is only one button on the touchpad of the notebook!
4-I tried to listen music with VLC but although the mp3 was playing I couldn't hear it.I know the speakers work because when I open the computer I can hear a sound.Where can I see or setup audio?
1. No: use top inside a terminal.
2. Ask on the distribution forum
3. Buy another mouse
4. Also distro question, but you could try to run alsamixer in a terminal.
Pages: 1


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Resident Mom™ Review: Medela Freestyle® Breastpump
Product: Medela Freestyle® Hands-Free Breastpump
Buy it Here
About: The latest breastpumping breakthrough from Medela, inspired by insights and conversations with over 1,000 breastfeeding moms.
-True pumping mobility with hands-free option.
-Rechargeable battery and ultra-lightweight motor.
-Easy interaction with digital display, memory, timer and backlight.
-More milk in less time with 2-Phase Expression® technology.
Reviewed By: Resident Mom™ Annie
Resident Mom™ Says:
I am a first time mom, and after 12 wonderful weeks off of work, I had to return. Wanting to continue breastfeeding, I bought the cheapest double electric pump I could find. It worked fine for me, but upon receiving the Medela I started to understand the difference between "cheap" pumps and higher grade pumps. When I first opened the Medela, I was definitely overwhelmed. There were lots of pieces (many of the intimidating ones belonged to the hands free set up.) Once I read the manual I quickly understood the set up. It has a "Stimulation" feature which is a nice way to ease into the pumping session. After your milk lets down, you can "up" the suction by entering the "Expression" phase. You can set the levels as low or high as you need. Once you find your preference, you can set a customized session. The memory feature will do the work for you. The timer on the screen is very handy, I didn't have to constantly check the clock anymore!
The bottle and pump-tops are much more streamlined than my previous pump. They have more pieces to wash/put together but the size difference is worth it. I didn't find that the Medela pumped any more milk than my other pump, but the suction was a bit more comfortable with the Medela. The Medela was also quieter and did not shake like my previous pump unit.
The rechargable battery is probably my favorite feature on the Freestyle. It's so nice not having to be tethered to a plug in! We do a lot of traveling so pumping in the car when I have to is now possible! I love the ice pack/bottle cooler that comes with it also. It all comes in a neat little bag (which isn't so little, so I use a different one when just packing the pump and the bottles). I recommend it to any mom who has the money to spend!!
Pros: Rechargable battery that goes VERY long between charges; small and streamlined parts; comes with everything you need in one bag; lots of choices for suction levels; informative digital display
Cons: Expensive
Rating: A
Reviewed By: Resident Mom™ Melissa
Resident Mom™ Says:
I have been using the pump for a little over a week and I love it! While it took awhile to get the handsfree setup (I was frequently readjusting the elastic straps that hook to the side to make sure the shield was on straight) I now have it down to a science with no problems. Everything else was easy to assemble. The strength of the suction has been consistent, and I think the sound of the motor is fine (not too loud but not too quite either, it's in between). I also like the fact that you can choose from the AC adapter, car adapter, or rechargeable batteries. I've used this at home and at the mall, and it is very lightweight and comes with a double-strap black bag that looks just like a regular diaper bag. I will be taking this to work when I go back in a week!
Pros: Lightweight and easy to carry around with you; the timer option is great; hands-free
Cons: The initial set up of the hands free option can be frustrating but as the instructions say, take your time.
Reviewed By: Resident Mom™ Grace
Resident Mom™ Says:
I had already rented the Medela Symphony pump from the hospital for the first 2 months, and I also have the Medela Pump In Style Advanced at home. When I first used the Medela Freestyle®, the first thing I noticed was that the suction feels fairly strong and I was surprised that I pumped as much out as my PISA. The size and portability of the Freestyle® are a BIG plus. I can put a pacifier in if my baby is crying across the room instead of being hooked up to a pump that's plugged in, or I can go get a snack in the kitchen. I love that there is a timer since I always forget to keep track of how long I've been pumping. The hands-free nursing straps took a little practice to use, but they do work.
I think it's great to use for the portability convenience and if you need to do a pump on-the-go. I'll definitely be using it in the future!
Pros:Portability; size; rechargeable battery with good battery life; good suction
Cons:Cannot interchange with other Medela pumps; silicone flanges were too small for me


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Recycled rockets: SpaceX calls time on expendable launch vehicles
Have we witnessed the beginning of a revolution in rocketry?
On Sunday, the SpaceX company launched the latest version of its Falcon 9 vehicle from California, placing a cluster of small satellites in low-Earth orbit.
The new vehicle has been given the additional performance it needs to start lofting commercial telecoms spacecraft and other payloads, and nearly all of these modifications appear to work just fine.
But it's what happened to part of the rocket after it had completed the primary mission goals - as it fell to Earth - that really has everyone talking.
Normally, the first-stage of a rocket – the segment that gets it up off the ground – is discarded at altitude, whereupon it begins a destructive dive back through the atmosphere.
Aerodynamic forces tear the tumbling object apart. This is the history of rocketry – everything is expendable.
SpaceX, though, has plans to try to recover these stages in good working order, to refurbish them and to put them back on the launch pad.
If the company can succeed, it would have a major impact on the cost of access to space. Expendable rockets would become reusable. Parts of them, certainly.
To this end, Sunday's first-stage was commanded to reignite three of its nine engines after separation from the rocket's upper-stage in an attempt to slow its return to Earth.
Then, as the stage got closer to the Pacific Ocean, it fired up a fourth engine to limit the descent speed still further.
SpaceX CEO and chief designer Elon Musk promises to post video on the web later this week showing what happened.
Although the stage lost some stability as it approached the water, the entrepreneur expressed great satisfaction with the way the experiment went.
"In this case, the boost stage did not have landing gear, which helps essentially to stabilise the stage like fins on an aircraft.
"The stage actually ended up spinning to a degree that was greater than we could control with the gas thrusters, and it centrifuged the propellant. It caused the boost stage to run out of propellant before hitting the water. So it hit the water relatively hard.
"We've recovered portions of the stage, but the most important thing is we believe we now have all the pieces of the puzzle."
Those "pieces" comprise the lessons learned from Sunday and the results garnered from SpaceX's Grasshopper programme, in which a Falcon first-stage has executed precision take-offs and landings from a pad in Texas. A number of videos illustrate these hops. Note the landing legs.
Retractable versions will now be incorporated on to the Falcon 9 that launches the company's next Nasa cargo mission to the space station from Florida at the beginning of 2014.
And again, once the first-stage has completed its primary tasks on that flight, it will be commanded to reignite its engines and to make a controlled return to Earth.
But it won't drop into the ocean. This time, the boost stage will try to touch down on a piece of ground at Cape Canaveral not far from the launch pad.
SpaceX is currently working through the technicalities with range officials at the Cape, and with the Federal Aviation Authority. An FAA licence will be needed before such a landing is permitted.
Obviously, with a load of kerosene fuel onboard, all matters of safety will have to be satisfied first.
"For any landing area, the landing ellipse - the error that the stage could encounter - would be an unpopulated region," Musk tells me. "We would aim to have a landing site that's unpopulated with a radius of probably a couple of miles."
SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket is currently being offered at about $54m a launch. That is very competitive by today's standards, but it would be substantially cheaper still if elements of the rocket could be recycled. The company says the first-stage represents almost three-quarters of the cost of a Falcon 9.
Clearly, in carrying extra fuel and landing gear, you take a hit on the rocket's performance – the maximum payload you can carry to orbit is cut by about 30% if you try to return the first-stage to the launch site, says Musk. But the imperative is clear.
"In terms of when we actually refly the stages, it's going to depend on what condition the stage is in, and obviously getting customers comfortable with that," Musk explains.
"If things go super-well then we will be able to refly a Falcon 9 stage before the end of next year. That's our aspiration."


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Transform your photos into one-of-a-kind, hand painted masterpieces!
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The image is near the edges of the product but doesn't cover the entire product. Some of the background color may appear around the outside edges of the image.
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Kevro's Art Bar iphone x case by Valerie Vescovi. Protect your iPhone X with an impact-resistant, slim-profile, hard-shell case. The image is printed directly onto the case and wrapped around the edges for a beautiful presentation. Simply snap the case onto your iPhone X for instant protection and direct access to all of the phone's features!
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Great job!!
I've been trying to remember where I've seen your face before. This may be where! Kevro's. I met them while he was up the street at his earlier studio, then we were showing together at the mauseleum's first (and most successful) show. He invited me to his grand opening of the current place and if you were there - it's likely that's when I said hello - or was it possibly at the Boca Raton Museum Artist's Guild where I was a member from 1995 - 2009 ? Not important. Just that I never forget a face and can't place it. I guess at 77 I'm bound to lose a few.
I like this. Your description is funny. Keep up the great work. aew
Protect your iPhone X with an impact-resistant, slim-profile, hard-shell case. The image is printed directly onto the case and wrapped around the edges for a beautiful presentation. Simply snap the case onto your iPhone X for instant protection and direct access to all of the phone's features!
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May 19th, 2019
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May 15th, 2019
A favorite hang out for artists, musicians, dancers and burlesque queens and everything in between.
http://www.galerievie.com http://www.youtube.com/bleuval Valerie Vescovi was born 1954, in Somerville, NJ. She grew up in Miami and has been a resident of Boca Raton for the last 6 years. Exhibited a natural talent for arts since early childhood and has been painting in oils for 4 decades. The artist has spent her life developing and working in different styles that always remain distinctly her own. She has evolved a neo-cubist style to express her individualized interpretation of the life around her. Her rhythmic compositions are inspired by musicians, dancers, anthropomorphic images with a palette that ranges from subtle earth tone harmonies to luscious crimson and scarlet to cerulean blues and deep ultramarine. High...
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The Fate Of Hardware Chain Masters Has Been Decided!
Masters stores will close their doors by mid-December after Woolworths decided to pull the pin on its home improvement experiment.
A few of the warehouse stores are going to be converted into shopping centres by its owners.
However, Woolworths have said in a statement that it had ''facilitated its exit from home improvement' with a $1.5 billion three-way deal.
Eighty-two of the sites will be sold to Home Consortium will see the businesses go to
Woolworth's is likely to make $500 million in profit from the deal.
The company has said ''Woolworths will work hard to find Masters employees jobs within the group, or will pay full redundancy where suitable roles are not available.''
Home Consortium will transform Master into a variety of stores including Spotlight, Anaconda, Chemist Warehouse, JB Hi-Fi, The Good Guys, Super


text:
A bagpiper was asked by a funeral director to play at a graveside service for a homeless man who had no family or friends, so the service was to be at a pauper's cemetery in Glasgow.
As the bagpiper was not familiar with the area, He got lost and, being a typical man, didn't stop for directions.
He finally arrived an hour late and saw the funeral had evidently gone and the hearse was nowhere in sight. There were only the diggers and crew left and they were eating lunch. He felt badly and apologised to the men for being late.
He went to the side of the grave and looked down and the coffin lid was already in place. He didn't know what else to do, so he started to play.
The workers put down their lunches and began to gather around. He played out his heart and soul for this man with no family and friends. He played like he'd never played before for this homeless man.
And as he played "Amazing Grace", the workers began to weep. They wept, he wept, they all wept together. When he finished, he packed up his bagpipes and started for his car.
As he opened the door to his car, he heard one of the workers say, "I never seen anything like that before, and I've been putting in septic tanks for twenty years"


text:
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ASTM D695 Compression Testing of Composites
Based on testing we have conducted in our lab, we recommend the following equipment for compression testing to ASTM D695: two 50 mm (2 in) diameter hardened-steel compression platens mounted on a tensile testing machine, our compression fixture S4931A, and a strain measuring device such as an AutoX 750 attached directly to the specimen. A strain measurement device is often required for stiff specimens where system compliance can affect test results. Our Bluehill® Universal Materials Testing Software allows you to set the desired test control, automatically calculate the desired results and statistics, and produce a test report.
The standard requires that the specimen is compressively loaded at a rate of 1.3 mm/min until fracture. Prior to testing, you should make sure all specimens are made to the sizes specified in the standard and are free of visible surface flaws. When performing compression testing, we have found that specimen alignment plays an important role in achieving even load distribution, which contributes to the consistency of the results.
We recommend reviewing ASTM D695 to fully understand the test set up, procedure, and results requirements.
Automatic Contacting Extensometer - Model AutoX 750
The AutoX 750 is a high-resolution, long-travel automatic contacting extensometer. It can be mounted onto any electromechanical 3300, 5500, or 5900 table top and floor model systems, as well as LX, DX, HDX, and KN static hydraulic testing systems. It is well suited for applications involving plastics, metals, biomedical, composites, elastomers, and more. The AutoX has a maximum travel of 750 mm and accuracy of ± 1 µm.
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- 8/15/2013