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Welcome to our podcasts! Feel free to browse for an episode, then click on the PLAY button to listen instantly. Alternately, you can SUBSCRIBE to a podcast so that whenever a new episode gets placed online, you will be the first to hear it. If you're unfamiliar with how podcasts work and what it means to "subscribe", then please watch the video on the right.
Here's a handy list of all our podcast feeds that you can subscribe to:
- Georgia Center for the Book's Festival of Writers Author Talks (iTunes) (feed)
- Musical Bookings at Decatur (iTunes) (feed)
- StoryCorps Community Archive
- ALL DeKalb County Public Library Podcasts
New to Podcasts?
Start by watching this:
A James Dickey Celebration
James Dickey is one of America's most distinguished poets. Collected in one volume for the first time, The Complete Poems of James Dickey is an authoritative edition of all 331 of his poems. It is edited by Ward Briggs, Carolina Distinguished Professor of Classics Emeritus, and Louis Fry, Scudder Professor of Humanities Emeritus at the University of South Carolina. The Library hosted a celebration of Dickey's life and poems on July 15, 2013. The event featured readings of Dickey's poems by Ward Briggs, Bronwen Dickey, John Lane, and former Georgia Poet Laureate, David Bottoms.
The Library has several books of poetry by James Dickey including The Whole Poems: Collected Poems 1945-1992.
(Download mp3)
Band of Gold
Band of Gold performs music from the 1940s through today in a variety of styles including oldies, doo wop, motown, british invasion, blues, funk, rock, country, pop, disco, new wave, dance, reggae, hip hop, show tunes and more. They performed at the Decatur Library on April 9, 2013. Below is a short excerpt from that performance.
(Download mp3)
Jasper Fforde
International bestselling author Jasper Fforde visited on October 5, 2012 with a new literary thriller, The Woman Who Died a Lot. Fforde's books skillfully and playfully combine doses of reality with plenty of fantasy and sci-fi, and they have sold millions of copies around the world for the writer, who lives in Wales.
(Download mp3)
Ayana Mathis
Ayana Mathis is a distinctive and acclaimed new voice in fiction. Her new novel, The Twelve Tribes of Hattie, is the latest Oprah Book Club 2.0 selection. Beginning in the 1920s in Georgia, it tells the story of the Great Migration of African Americans through the trials and triumphs of one very remarkable, unforgettable family. Hattie Shepherd is 15 when she flees Georgia for a new life in Philadelphia. What she finds is a disappointing marriage and children she raises with grit and mettle and not an ounce of the tenderness they crave. Captured in twelve luminous threads, their onrushing lives tell the story of a mother's monumental courage and the journey of a nation. It is a powerful, beautiful story you will treasure, and we were pleased to be able to host this young author at the First Baptist Church Decatur on March 21st, 2013.
(Download mp3)
Ron Rash and Michel Stone
One of our finest and most popular writers, Ron Rash, returned to us with a powerful new novel, The Cove. He was joined by a close friend and talented young writer, Michel Stone, whose first novel The Iguana Tree is drawing high praise around the country. In his much anticipated new book, Rash, the New York Times bestselling author of Serena and Saints at the River, tells the story of a blazing but doomed love affair set against the backdrop of Western North Carolina during the World War I era. The cove is a dark, forbidding place where the spirits are said to wander, and the locals believe the young woman Laurel is a witch. When Walter, a mute, enters her life, though, Laurel finds for the first time a love and happiness that she fears places everyone at risk. Stone's debut novel "is a stirring story of love and courage under the most daunting of conditions," a moving account of an illegal border crossing by a Mexican couple and their infant daughter and their struggle to find a home. Critics call it "a gripping story of loss, grief and human dignity." They joined us for this author talk on May 15, 2012.
(Download mp3)
Yale Slavic Chorus and Children's Russian Folk Ensemble Kalinka
The Yale Slavic Chorus toured Atlanta recently and was delighted to perform with the Children's Russian Folk Ensemble Kalinka of Atlanta School #1. The Yale Slavic Chorus, established in 1969, sings traditional and arranged pieces from all over the Balkans and Eastern Europe. The Ensemble Kalinka's members are children between the ages of 7 and 15 who speak (or at least sing) in the Russian language and have an interest in Russian language and culture. Together, they played at the Decatur Library on March 10, 2013.
(Download mp3)
Tayari Jones
Atlanta's own Tayari Jones visited us on June 8, 2011 with her acclaimed new novel, Silver Sparrow. Set in an Atlanta middle class neighborhood in the 1980s, it is the mesmerizing story of a bigamist, his deceptions and the fate of a pair of teenage girls drawn into heartbreaking complicity. Jones was born and raised in Atlanta and now teaches at Rutgers University in New Jersey. Her previous books include Leaving Atlanta, set in the city during a series of terrible child murders, and The Untelling, which won the Lillian Smith Award.
(Download mp3)
Cory Doctorow
Known for his work as the co-editor of BoingBoing.net, the former European director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation and co-founder of the UK Open Rights Group, Cory Doctorow is a science fiction novelist, technology activist, and blogger. He is the author of young adult novels Pirate Cinema and the bestselling Little Brother and novels for adults, Rapture of the Nerds and Makers, as well as being a contributor to The Guardian, the New York Times, Publishers Weekly, Wired, and many other newspapers, magazines and websites. Doctorow was here on Sunday, February 17, 2013 to discuss his latest bestselling young adult novel, Homeland, the sequel to Little Brother.
(Download mp3)
David Bottoms
Georgia's Poet Laureate, David Bottoms, joined us with a new collection, We Almost Disappear, that affirms his status among the front rank of poets. Critics are calling the new title his "most personal and heartbreaking book" with its poems firmly rooted in southern soil and in the people of the south. Bottoms was inducted into the Georgia Writers Hall of Fame in 2009 and twice has been included on the Georgia Center for the Book's list of "25 Books All Georgians Should Read." He has written nearly a dozen books, and his first volume of poetry won the coveted Walt Whitman Prize. This recording was from an author talk he gave on November 11, 2011.
(Download mp3)
Mirabai Starr
Mirabai Starr is an adjunct professor of philosophy and world religions at the University of New Mexico-Taos. She has lived at the Lama Foundation, an international spiritual community, that studies the diverse paths of religion, from Buddhism to Christianity, from Jewish to Native American beliefs. A disciple of ecumenism, her new book is God of Love: A Guide to the Heart of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Critics say her book offers "an expanded vision of value to everyone" and is "a deeply personal journey exploring aspects of the God of Love." She joined us on June 3rd, 2012 for this talk.
(Download mp3)


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Seahawks Dominate Vikings in 13th Consective Home Win [PHOTOS]
The Seattle Seahawks are on a roll heading into the bye week before their Monday night showdown against the New Orleans Saints. The win against the Vikings in front of 68,235 at CenturyLink Field was the teams 13th consecutive home win and is a franchise record. The Seattle Seahawks now sit atop the NFC a game and a half ahead of the Saints and a stunning three and a half games ahead of the 49ers in the NFC West. It looks almost certain that the road to the Superbowl will roll through Seattle.


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|Birth Date:
|Redwood City, Calif.
|High School:
|Junipero Serra HS
UC Santa Barbara
As a Junior Ryan played in 51 of 52 games on the season all at third base, starting all but 3 of them... His .278 batting average was good for fourth best on the team.. had 49 hits in 176 at bats with 15 doubles and 25 RBIs...Posted a .325 batting average in conference with a .400 slugging percentage and .391 on base percentage, earning him a spot on the Big West Honorable Mention...Against Sacramento State on March 6th he went 3 for 4 with 2 runs a double and an RBI...Started the season off 5 for 10 with 4 runs, 3 RBI's and 4 doubles...Had a season high 3 RBI's on May 20th at UC Davis...
UC Santa Barbara
In his sophomore season Ryan made 48 appearances, with 44 of them being starts, all at third base ... Batted .245 in 151 at-bats tallying nine doubles, a triple and three home runs to go with his 25 runs batted in ... Hit .258 in conference play with a home run, three doubles and 12 RBI ... Against No. 24 Stanford on March 7, Ryan went 3-for-5 with two runs scored, two doubles and two RBI ... On March 20 against New Mexico State, he went 2-for-3 with his first collegiate home run and two runs batted in ... Against UC Riverside on April 30 he went 3-for-4 with a double and a run batted in ... On April 1 at Sacramento State, hit a three-run home run in a 9-0 Gaucho win ... Posted six multi-RBI games and 8 multi-hit games ... Committed just seven errors in 118 total chances at the hot corner.
2010 Summer
Ryan played in the North Woods League as a member of the Wisconsin Rapids Rafters ... In 55 games he had 40 hits in 181 at bats ... He had 3 home runs and 12 doubles to go with his 15 RBIs.
As a freshman, saw action in nine games with one start...Hit .500, notching six hits in 12 at-bats...In lone start, Apr. 28 vs. Cal State Bakersfield, Palermo played third base and went 2-for-3 with a run scored...On Apr. 10 at UC Davis, picked up his first double...Posted a .538 on-base percentage and a .583 slugging percentage.
High School
Played third base and centerfield for Junipero Serra High School in San Mateo, Calif...Batted .480 with 14 home runs, 56 RBI, and 11 stolen bases for the Padres and coach Pete Jensen...Holds school records for home runs, RBI, and total bases...Named First Team All-State...First Team All-West Catholic Athletic League, and First Team All-Metro in both his senior and junior years...Named MVP of the team as a senior...Led his team to a West Catholic Athletic League championship in his senior and junior years...As a junior, batted .460 with 16 doubles, five home runs and 40 RBI...Also played football.
Born on Aug. 17, 1989 in St. Louis, Missouri...Aspires to play professional baseball...Nickname is "P-Mo"... Majoring in sociology at UCSB with a minor in sports management ... Played for the California Smoke in the summer of 2008...Roots for the St. Louis Cardinals...Favorite athlete is Albert Pujols...Enjoys watching "Entourage" and "Baseball Tonight"...Favorite movies are "Cinderella Man" and "Superbad"...Would be played by Leonardo DiCaprio in a Hollywood movie of his life...Says he'd play football if he couldn't play baseball...Would invite Jessica Biel, Albert Pujols, and Megan Fox to dinner if given the opportunity...Most memorable sports moment came when he hit two home runs and went 3-for-4 vs. Valley Christian (San Jose, Calif.), the No. 1 team in the state...Always makes sure to rub some dirt on his hands before he hits...Was also recruited by Pepperdine, Cal and Santa Clara...Best baseball advice he received came from his father who said "Can't is not a word. If you work hard enough, you will have success"...Has a sister, Ali, who is a top softball player for Serra High and has signed to play at Sonoma State...Parents are Mark and Ann Palermo.
YearG-GSABRH2B3BHRRBISB-ATTSOBBAVG. 20099-1121610000-031.500 2010 48-44 151 18 37 9 1 3 25 0-0 38 10 .245 Totals57-4516319431013250-04111.264

  Career-Highs

  At-bats	7	CSU Northridge	5/7/10

  Hits	3	twice	twice

  Runs	2	twice	twice

  Runs Batted In	3	@ Sacramento State	4/1/10

  Stolen Bases

  Extra Base Hits	1	@ UC Davis	4/10/09

  Strikeouts	3	@ Stanford	3/5/10

  Walks	1	11 times	11 times


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Car Buying
2014 Acura RLX: Krell Audio System
If you're thinking of buying a luxury car, don't underestimate the power of a really good audio system. I recently drove the 2014 Acura RLX and came away with a greater appreciation of Acura as a luxury automaker, and the importance of great car audio.
The RLX's best feature is the Krell audio system. It's not standard. The Krell Audio package costs about $2,000 more than the RLX with the just the Tech package.
If you're an audiophile, you may or may not have heard of Krell. Either way, Krell has been building high-end home audio components since 1980. But this is more than just another high-watt, bass-thumping in-car audio system. There's something about the Krell system in the 2014 Acura RLX that makes music and maybe even life a little better.
Sounds impossible, right? Maybe not. Take a song like Delta Rae's "If I Loved You." It's an amazing song and so well written that it hits you in the chest like a pallet of bricks even if you hear it on a single-speaker transistor radio.
But listen to it on the RLX's Krell audio system and it sounds even better. The texture of singer Elizabeth Hopkins' voice is almost tangible. The presence of her voice isn't as prominent as it would be in your average pop or rock song. She sounds close but just out of reach. Combine that with the right amount of reverb (similar to an echo) and the song sounds even more heartbreaking, because you're hearing it as the producers and performers intended. The same goes for tracks from Royal Teeth, M83, Depeche Mode and The Cars; the clarity of the acoustic and electronic instruments gives you chills.
If you're shopping for a luxury sedan, such as the Acura RLX, check out a car with the upgraded sound system. It will probably make you like your new or used car all the more.


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Daily Report Quote
An additional quote from the "letter never sent" (except to the OIG). These next quotes (like some before) can be read sequentially, as they are from the same paragraph and quoted in the same order they were written. This is an extremely important part of this letter, as it shows the state of Boeing after the FAA's investigation, and my naive hopes for an ethical FAA investigation outcome even after the corrupt FAA reformed next to nothing of the many serious noncompliances at Boeing that I reported to them. Start at the 11-02-06 quote for the beginning of this important passage from the letter if you missed any earlier parts of this thread.
If PSD was now compliant with all Quality System requirements now after your investigations then they would not harrass me so.
Comments are closed.
The Last Inspector
November 2018


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BRIDGEWATER, VA – The York College softball team dropped a pair of games at nationally ranked Bridgewater College on Saturday afternoon in Bridgewater, VA. The Spartans dropped game one 6-0 before falling in the nightcap 2-0.
Bridgewater improves to 15-1 overall while the Spartans fall to 2-6. The Eagles are ranked 24th in the nation according to the NFCA.
In the opener, the Spartans never really got anything cooking offensively. The Spartans had two singles in the first inning but couldn't push home a run. The Eagles picked up a single run in the bottom of the first to take the early lead.
The Green and White got a lead off single from Brittany Schlorff in the top of the second but she was out on a fielder's choice and York could not advance the runner as they went quietly in the second.
Eagle starter Heather Jenkins then completely shut down the Spartan offense. Starting with the last two outs of the second, Jenkins sat down 12 straight Spartans before Cara Rubinaccio singled to third with one out in the sixth. Rubbiaccio was left stranded at first as York was in search of it's first run of the game.
While the Spartan offense was struggling, the Eagles scored two runs in the third, two more in the fourth and one final run in the sixth to provide for the final margin of victory.
Jenkins tossed the complete game shutout as she allowed five singles while she struck out four. Jenkins improves to 8-1 with the win.
Senior Brittany Therres took the loss as she allowed three runs on six hits with a walk and a strikeout in her three innings of work. Junior Cory Urkuski relieved Therres and allowed three runs on two hits with four walks.
Jenkins and Leigh Lam each had two hits, two RBI, and a run scored for the Eagles in game one. Kasey Anderson added two hits and two runs scored for Bridgewater.
Rubinaccio, Therres, Schlorff, and Carly Farr each had singles for the Spartans.
In game two, Aven Thomas took to the circle for the Eagles and continued to make life difficult on the Spartan offense. Thomas retired the first 11 Spartans she faced before Erin O'Leary singled to right center with one out in the top of the fourth. O'Leary would be forced out at second as Thomas retired the next two Spartans, ending the modest threat.
The Eagles reached freshman starter Sara Thacker for a single run in bottom of the fourth as Thomas walked with one out. She moved to second on a wild pitch and to third on a ground out to second. Thomas scored on a Ann Komara RBI single to center.
The Spartans finally got a runner past second as Hannah Hugel reached on an error, stole second and moved to third on a sacrifice bunt however Thomas got Vanessa Mendez to line out to left, ending York's threat.
Bridgewater extended the lead to 2-0 with an Amanda Lutz RBI double to center in the bottom of the sixth.
York got a one-out triple from Therres in the top of the seventh but Thomas got a strikeout and a ground out to preserve the shutout.
Thomas earned the win for the Eagles as she allowed just two hits while she struck out five.
Thacker suffered the loss as she allowed one run on three hits in her four innings of work. She walked five and struck out two as she falls to 0-2 for the year.
Anderson was the lone Eagle with multiple hits as she was 2-for-3. Thomas was 0-for-1 but drew two walks and scored twice. Lutz and Komara each had an RBI for the Eagles.
Therres' triple in the seventh was York's lone extra base hit of the game while O'Leary had a single to comprise the Spartans' game-two offense.
The road doesn't get any easier on Sunday as the Spartans travel to Eastern Mennonite to face the 11-1 Royals in a twinbill. Game one is slated for a 12:30 pm start.


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As it is, I get pretty stressed out around the holidays. So, had I been able to choose the optimal time for my kitchen range to burst into flames, I would not have picked the week before Christmas.
It's a frantic time of year anyway, when I get so distracted that I do things like forget appointments and put the Kleenex in the fridge and the milk in the linen closet. But this year was particularly crazy.


text: I am helping my dad out with getting a new phone (he is coming from a 6-8 year old flip phone hahaha). Is the camera on the S3 that much better than the Maxx HD? From all I have read this is one of the biggest differences (that my dad would notice/use). He has no experience with smart phones, so this is going to be a fun experience for me (many calls to "help" )


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Hubble Images Comet Tempel 1 Just Before Deep Impact Probe Arrives
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has snapped an image of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 just days before the Deep Impact spacecraft is scheduled to rendezvous with the comet. This image, taken on the morning of June 30, 2005, shows an undisturbed and quiet comet. This Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Wide Field Camera (WFC) image of Tempel 1 shows a slightly larger view of the comet than was seen in Hubble images released last week.
This image of the comet shows the dusty inner coma around the nucleus, but the solid nucleus itself is below Hubble's resolution. The nucleus was at a distance of 83 million miles (134 million kilometers) when the image was taken.
The ACS/WFC image is a composite of data taken with blue and red filters onboard Hubble. A quiescent comet is seen in this pre-impact image along with elongated star trails. As the telescope was locked on the movement of the comet, the background stars left small trailed arcs during the time the exposures were taken.
For additional information, please contact:
Paul Feldman, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (phone) 410-516-7339, (email) email@example.com or
Keith Noll, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, Md. 21218, (phone) 410-338-1828, (fax) 410-338-4579, (email) firstname.lastname@example.com.
NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA);
Acknowledgment: P. Feldman (JHU), L. McFadden (University of Maryland), H. Weaver (JHU APL)


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Description:Intel Xeon X5570 ML350 G6 (2.93GHz/4-core/8MB/95W)Full Processor Option KitPart Number(s)Option Part# 495904-B21
HP Processor Kits:
Manufacturer Part# 495904-B21
This is the full processor option kit. It includes the
Processor(s), Heat-Sink(s), Fan(s), Thermal paste
Overview:This industry's first quad-core processor for mainstream servers provides breakthrough performance and capabilities for the ultimate in powerful dense and energy efficient servers. With the Quad-Core Intel Xeon processor you get breakthrough performance - up to 50% greater than the industry-leading Dual-Core Intel Xeon processor in the same power envelope.


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Creating a more gracious, professional and high-performance sales staff can help you maximize sales production faster and minimize sales staff failure rates. That's why I recommend The Fool Proof 4 training method. Due to space constraints, I will elaborate only on the first three elements of this method.
Week one of the two-week program is the staff launch on operational aspects of the club. The staff launch starts with pre-training, which involves familiarizing new hires with club materials and testing them on the materials.
The program then moves into an independent, self-paced orientation that must be completed within seven days. The staff launch involves meeting with the general manager to understand the vision, mission and core values of the club and meeting with every department head to understand the benefits each department contributes to the club and the member.
All new hires get an operational tour of the facility so that they understand what is in every space. They also receive a spa service, get a personal training and a fitness orientation session, participate in 10 different club classes and participate in any other services that the club offers. They are then tested on these elements.
On the first day of the second week, staff members start the sales training, which involves listening skills training; goal setting; time management; daily, weekly and monthly prioritization; lead generation training on referral tools; alumni member promotions; group sales tools; community outreach; and current lead wrap-up, which results in a 90-day lead generation plan with each of the aforementioned elements occurring monthly.
The next day, they learn about business skills, which includes member demographics, market demographics, target market, points of differentiation, corporate presentations, a snapshot of the local economy, key groups/businesses with whom you want to grow your business, business leaders in the community, differences between B-to-B selling versus B-to-C selling, business etiquette and business terminology. They also learn how to prepare for business events outside of the club and the decision makers they should speak with at other businesses. The day also involves teaching phone skills, including how to handle incoming calls and follow-up calls and how to leave messages. They also must call competitors after the phone skills training to see what they do well and do not do well. The day includes 10 role play phone calls and 10 shadowed calls.
On day three, the new hires learn about face-to-face sales training, including the pre-tour elements to understand what makes a prospect say yes or no, where and how to do the pre-tour and how the service desk plays a part in the success of the sale. It also includes how to give the tour, use all of the pre-tour elements to create desire and urgency, do trial closes, handle objections, sell non-dues revenue and close. The post-tour training teaches how to do the membership paperwork, the new member guest privilege, the non-dues revenue sale and follow-up for those who do and do not join.
On day four, the staff participates in 10 role play tours of all elements mentioned with written and oral evaluation.
On the last day, new hires go through two more role-play tours, visit the competition (completing an analysis form for each competitor) and wrap up with the sales manager.
Spending more time training staff early in the process (and providing continuing training) provides them with the skills to be successful. The return on your investment will yield more gracious, professional, high-performing salespeople.
Karen Woodard-Chavez is president of Premium Performance Training, Boulder, CO, and Ixtapa, Mexico. Woodard consults and trains clubs throughout the world. She can be reached at 303-417-0653 or at email@example.com.


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Windtechnics won the tender to operate and maintain 65% of Gamesa's French wind installations in 2008. The contract was then extended to cover 260MW in France and 76MW in Romania and Bulgaria, representing over 75% of Windtechnics' turnover.
Now, Windtechnics claims it has not been paid for services provided over the last 18 months. However, Gamesa said WindTechnics threatened to walk out of negotiations in June, having demanded a "significant" price increase. Windtechnics also implied that it might launch legal proceedings, according to Gamesa.
Gamesa denies it owes Windtechnics money. It said: "Gamesa has paid all pending Windtechnics invoices related to their completed and contracted O&M scope under the original purchase order and the current O&M contract."
Gamesa terminated its contract with effect from 12 July and Windtechnics now has until 31 October in which to find a buyer.
In total, Windtechnics manages roughly 700 machines with a combined capacity of 2GW in France, Bulgaria, Romania and the UK. The company's commercial manager Julien Dupluis said it also has "a strong pipeline of contracts" waiting to be signed. But first it has to find a buyer.


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TEHRAN—Iran on Tuesday denied any links with an alleged terrorist plot that Canadian authorities claim was directed by Al Qaeda operatives in Iran and sought to derail a passenger train.
RCMP allege the suspects Chiheb Esseghaier, 30, and Raed Jaser, 35, had "direction and guidance" from Al Qaeda members in Iran, though there were no claims the planned attacks were state-sponsored by Tehran. Esseghaier is believed to be Tunisian and Jaser from the United Arab Emirates.
Related:Suspects in train terror plot were religious, say colleagues, neighbours
Some Al Qaeda members had been allowed to stay in Iran after fleeing Afghanistan, but were under tight Iranian controls. Relations have been rocky between mainly Shiite Iran and the Sunni-led Al Qaeda on many fronts for years.
Iran was a strong opponent of the Taliban, which sheltered Osama bin Laden and others before the U.S.-led invasion after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. Many Al Qaeda leaders also view Shiite Muslims with suspicion and hostility.
Iran's Foreign Ministry spokesman Ramin Mehmanparast told reporters that there is "no firm evidence" of any Iranian involvement and groups such as Al Qaeda have "no compatibility with Iran in both political and ideological fields."
"We oppose any terrorist and violent action that would jeopardize lives of innocent people," said Mehmanparast.
He called the Canadian claims part of hostile policies against Tehran, and accused Canada of indirectly aiding Al Qaeda by joining Western support for Syrian rebels. Some Islamic militant factions, claiming allegiance to Al Qaeda, have joined forces seeking to topple the regime of Bashar Assad, one of Iran's main allies in the region.
"The same (Al Qaeda) current is killing people in Syria while enjoying Canada's support," said Mehmanparast.
In a separate comment, Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi called the claim by Canadian authorities "the most ridiculous fake words."
"I hope Canadian officials resort to more wisdom," he said.
The two countries have no diplomatic relations after Canada unilaterally closed its embassy in Tehran in 2012 and expelled Iranian diplomats from Ottawa.
On Monday, Alireza Miryousefi, spokesman for the Iranian mission to the United Nations, said the terrorist network was not operating in Iran.
"Iran's position against this group is very clear and well known. (Al Qaeda) has no possibility to do any activity inside Iran or conduct any operation abroad from Iran's territory," Miryousefi said in a statement emailed to The Associated Press. "We reject strongly and categorically any connection to this story."


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This week's non-league videos of the week come from a variety of different competitions, including the Second Qualifying Round of the FA Vase. First up, though, is the match between Cambridge City and Banbury United in the Southern League Premier Division. Cambridge were beaten in the play-offs in this league last season, and are hoping to go one better than that this this season, whilst Banbury United are are hoping to challenge for the championship themselves. Our second match comes from Division One North of the Northern Premier League and is between Garforth Town, who have made an indifferent start to the season, and another side sitting just above the relegation places, Warrington Town. Our third match is the match between Enfield Town and Cheshunt in Division One North of the Ryman League, a home match for Enfield which was played, because their new ground isn't quite ready yet, at Cheshunt. Finally, in the FA Vase, we have the match between two sides from Division Two of the Northern League, Hebburn Town and Brandon United. Our thanks, as ever, go those that take the trouble to record, edit and upload these matches.
You can follow Twohundredpercent on Twitter here.


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Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics, theory dealing with the dynamics of Earth's outer shell—the lithosphere—that revolutionized Earth sciences by providing a uniform context for understanding mountain-building processes, volcanoes, and earthquakes as well as the evolution of Earth's surface and reconstructing its past continents and oceans.
Who first proposed the idea of plate tectonics?
What is the cause of plate tectonics?
What is the Ring of Fire, and where is it?
Why are there tectonic plates?
The concept of plate tectonics was formulated in the 1960s. According to the theory, Earth has a rigid outer layer, known as the lithosphere, which is typically about 100 km (60 miles) thick and overlies a plastic (moldable, partially molten) layer called the asthenosphere. The lithosphere is broken up into seven very large continental- and ocean-sized plates, six or seven medium-sized regional plates, and several small ones. These plates move relative to each other, typically at rates of 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 inches) per year, and interact along their boundaries, where they converge, diverge, or slip past one another. Such interactions are thought to be responsible for most of Earth's seismic and volcanic activity, although earthquakes and volcanoes can occur in plate interiors. Plate motions cause mountains to rise where plates push together, or converge, and continents to fracture and oceans to form where plates pull apart, or diverge. The continents are embedded in the plates and drift passively with them, which over millions of years results in significant changes in Earth's geography.
The theory of plate tectonics is based on a broad synthesis of geologic and geophysical data. It is now almost universally accepted, and its adoption represents a true scientific revolution, analogous in its consequences to quantum mechanics in physics or the discovery of the genetic code in biology. Incorporating the much older idea of continental drift, as well as the concept of seafloor spreading, the theory of plate tectonics has provided an overarching framework in which to describe the past geography of continents and oceans, the processes controlling creation and destruction of landforms, and the evolution of Earth's crust, atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and climates. During the late 20th and early 21st centuries, it became apparent that plate-tectonic processes profoundly influence the composition of Earth's atmosphere and oceans, serve as a prime cause of long-term climate change, and make significant contributions to the chemical and physical environment in which life evolves.
For details on the specific effects of plate tectonics, see the articles earthquake and volcano. A detailed treatment of the various land and submarine relief features associated with plate motion is provided in the articles tectonic landform and ocean.
Principles of plate tectonics
In essence, plate-tectonic theory is elegantly simple. Earth's surface layer, 50 to 100 km (30 to 60 miles) thick, is rigid and is composed of a set of large and small plates. Together, these plates constitute the lithosphere, from the Greek lithos, meaning "rock." The lithosphere rests on and slides over an underlying partially molten (and thus weaker but generally denser) layer of plastic partially molten rock known as the asthenosphere, from the Greek asthenos, meaning "weak." Plate movement is possible because the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary is a zone of detachment. As the lithospheric plates move across Earth's surface, driven by forces as yet not fully understood, they interact along their boundaries, diverging, converging, or slipping past each other. While the interiors of the plates are presumed to remain essentially undeformed, plate boundaries are the sites of many of the principal processes that shape the terrestrial surface, including earthquakes, volcanism, and orogeny (that is, formation of mountain ranges).
The process of plate tectonics may be driven by convection in Earth's mantle, the pull of heavy old pieces of crust into the mantle, or some combination of both. For a deeper discussion of plate-driving mechanisms, see Plate-driving mechanisms and the role of the mantle.
Earth's layers
Knowledge of Earth's interior is derived primarily from analysis of the seismic waves that propagate through Earth as a result of earthquakes. Depending on the material they travel through, the waves may either speed up, slow down, bend, or even stop if they cannot penetrate the material they encounter.
Collectively, these studies show that Earth can be internally divided into layers on the basis of either gradual or abrupt variations in chemical and physical properties. Chemically, Earth can be divided into three layers. A relatively thin crust, which typically varies from a few kilometres to 40 km (about 25 miles) in thickness, sits on top of the mantle. (In some places, Earth's crust may be up to 70 km [40 miles] thick.) The mantle is much thicker than the crust; it contains 83 percent of Earth's volume and continues to a depth of 2,900 km (1,800 miles). Beneath the mantle is the core, which extends to the centre of Earth, some 6,370 km (nearly 4,000 miles) below the surface. Geologists maintain that the core is made up primarily of metallic iron accompanied by smaller amounts of nickel, cobalt, and lighter elements, such as carbon and sulfur. (See also Earth.)
There are two types of crust, continental and oceanic, which differ in their composition and thickness. The distribution of these crustal types broadly coincides with the division into continents and ocean basins, although continental shelves, which are submerged, are underlain by continental crust. The continents have a crust that is broadly granitic in composition and, with a density of about 2.7 grams per cubic cm (0.098 pound per cubic inch), is somewhat lighter than oceanic crust, which is basaltic (i.e., richer in iron and magnesium than granite) in composition and has a density of about 2.9 to 3 grams per cubic cm (0.1 to 0.11 pound per cubic inch). Continental crust is typically 40 km (25 miles) thick, while oceanic crust is much thinner, averaging about 6 km (4 miles) in thickness. These crustal rocks both sit on top of the mantle, which is ultramafic in composition (i.e., very rich in magnesium and iron-bearing silicate minerals). The boundary between the crust (continental or oceanic) and the underlying mantle is known as the Mohorovičić discontinuity (also called Moho), which is named for its discoverer, Croatian seismologist Andrija Mohorovičić. The Moho is clearly defined by seismic studies, which detect an acceleration in seismic waves as they pass from the crust into the denser mantle. The boundary between the mantle and the core is also clearly defined by seismic studies, which suggest that the outer part of the core is a liquid.
The effect of the different densities of lithospheric rock can be seen in the different average elevations of continental and oceanic crust. The less-dense continental crust has greater buoyancy, causing it to float much higher in the mantle. Its average elevation above sea level is 840 metres (2,750 feet), while the average depth of oceanic crust is 3,790 metres (12,400 feet). This density difference creates two principal levels of Earth's surface.
The lithosphere itself includes all the crust as well as the upper part of the mantle (i.e., the region directly beneath the Moho), which is also rigid. However, as temperatures increase with depth, the heat causes mantle rocks to lose their rigidity. This process begins at about 100 km (60 miles) below the surface. This change occurs within the mantle and defines the base of the lithosphere and the top of the asthenosphere. This upper portion of the mantle, which is known as the lithospheric mantle, has an average density of about 3.3 grams per cubic cm (0.12 pound per cubic inch). The asthenosphere, which sits directly below the lithospheric mantle, is thought to be slightly denser at 3.4–4.4 grams per cubic cm (0.12–0.16 pound per cubic inch).
In contrast, the rocks in the asthenosphere are weaker, because they are close to their melting temperatures. As a result, seismic waves slow as they enter the asthenosphere. With increasing depth, however, the greater pressure from the weight of the rocks above causes the mantle to become gradually stronger, and seismic waves increase in velocity, a defining characteristic of the lower mantle. The lower mantle is more or less solid, but the region is also very hot, and thus the rocks can flow very slowly (a process known as creep).
During the late 20th and early 21st centuries, scientific understanding of the deep mantle was greatly enhanced by high-resolution seismological studies combined with numerical modeling and laboratory experiments that mimicked conditions near the core-mantle boundary. Collectively, these studies revealed that the deep mantle is highly heterogeneous and that the layer may play a fundamental role in driving Earth's plates.
At a depth of about 2,900 km (1,800 miles), the lower mantle gives way to Earth's outer core, which is made up of a liquid rich in iron and nickel. At a depth of about 5,100 km (3,200 miles), the outer core transitions to the inner core. Although it has a higher temperature than the outer core, the inner core is solid because of the tremendous pressures that exist near Earth's centre. Earth's inner core is divided into the outer-inner core (OIC) and the inner-inner core (IIC), which differ from one another with respect to the polarity of their iron crystals. The polarity of the iron crystals of the OIC is oriented in a north-south direction, whereas that of the IIC is oriented east-west.
Plate boundaries
Lithospheric plates are much thicker than oceanic or continental crust. Their boundaries do not usually coincide with those between oceans and continents, and their behaviour is only partly influenced by whether they carry oceans, continents, or both. The Pacific Plate, for example, is entirely oceanic, whereas the North American Plate is capped by continental crust in the west (the North American continent) and by oceanic crust in the east and extends under the Atlantic Ocean as far as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
In a simplified example of plate motion shown in the figure, movement of plate A to the left relative to plates B and C results in several types of simultaneous interactions along the plate boundaries. At the rear, plates A and B move apart, or diverge, resulting in extension and the formation of a divergent margin. At the front, plates A and B overlap, or converge, resulting in compression and the formation of a convergent margin. Along the sides, the plates slide past one another, a process called shear. As these zones of shear link other plate boundaries to one another, they are called transform faults.
Divergent margins
As plates move apart at a divergent plate boundary, the release of pressure produces partial melting of the underlying mantle. This molten material, known as magma, is basaltic in composition and is buoyant. As a result, it wells up from below and cools close to the surface to generate new crust. Because new crust is formed, divergent margins are also called constructive margins.
Continental rifting
Upwelling of magma causes the overlying lithosphere to uplift and stretch. (Whether magmatism [the formation of igneous rock from magma] initiates the rifting or whether rifting decompresses the mantle and initiates magmatism is a matter of significant debate.) If the diverging plates are capped by continental crust, fractures develop that are invaded by the ascending magma, prying the continents farther apart. Settling of the continental blocks creates a rift valley, such as the present-day East African Rift Valley. As the rift continues to widen, the continental crust becomes progressively thinner until separation of the plates is achieved and a new ocean is created. The ascending partial melt cools and crystallizes to form new crust. Because the partial melt is basaltic in composition, the new crust is oceanic, and an ocean ridge develops along the site of the former continental rift. Consequently, diverging plate boundaries, even if they originate within continents, eventually come to lie in ocean basins of their own making.
Seafloor spreading
As upwelling of magma continues, the plates continue to diverge, a process known as seafloor spreading. Samples collected from the ocean floor show that the age of oceanic crust increases with distance from the spreading centre—important evidence in favour of this process. These age data also allow the rate of seafloor spreading to be determined, and they show that rates vary from about 0.1 cm (0.04 inch) per year to 17 cm (6.7 inches) per year. Seafloor-spreading rates are much more rapid in the Pacific Ocean than in the Atlantic and Indian oceans. At spreading rates of about 15 cm (6 inches) per year, the entire crust beneath the Pacific Ocean (about 15,000 km [9,300 miles] wide) could be produced in 100 million years.
Divergence and creation of oceanic crust are accompanied by much volcanic activity and by many shallow earthquakes as the crust repeatedly rifts, heals, and rifts again. Brittle earthquake-prone rocks occur only in the shallow crust. Deep earthquakes, in contrast, occur less frequently, due to the high heat flow in the mantle rock. These regions of oceanic crust are swollen with heat and so are elevated by 2 to 3 km (1.2 to 1.9 miles) above the surrounding seafloor. The elevated topography results in a feedback scenario in which the resulting gravitational force pushes the crust apart, allowing new magma to well up from below, which in turn sustains the elevated topography. Its summits are typically 1 to 5 km (0.6 to 3.1 miles) below the ocean surface. On a global scale, these ridges form an interconnected system of undersea "mountains" that are about 65,000 km (40,000 miles) in length and are called oceanic ridges.
Convergent margins
Given that Earth is constant in volume, the continuous formation of Earth's new crust produces an excess that must be balanced by destruction of crust elsewhere. This is accomplished at convergent plate boundaries, also known as destructive plate boundaries, where one plate descends at an angle—that is, is subducted—beneath the other.
Because oceanic crust cools as it ages, it eventually becomes denser than the underlying asthenosphere, and so it has a tendency to subduct, or dive under, adjacent continental plates or younger sections of oceanic crust. The life span of the oceanic crust is prolonged by its rigidity, but eventually this resistance is overcome. Experiments show that the subducted oceanic lithosphere is denser than the surrounding mantle to a depth of at least 600 km (about 400 miles).
The mechanisms responsible for initiating subduction zones are controversial. During the late 20th and early 21st centuries, evidence emerged supporting the notion that subduction zones preferentially initiate along preexisting fractures (such as transform faults) in the oceanic crust. Irrespective of the exact mechanism, the geologic record indicates that the resistance to subduction is overcome eventually.
Where two oceanic plates meet, the older, denser plate is preferentially subducted beneath the younger, warmer one. Where one of the plate margins is oceanic and the other is continental, the greater buoyancy of continental crust prevents it from sinking, and the oceanic plate is preferentially subducted. Continents are preferentially preserved in this manner relative to oceanic crust, which is continuously recycled into the mantle. This explains why ocean floor rocks are generally less than 200 million years old whereas the oldest continental rocks are more than 4 billion years old. Before the middle of the 20th century, most geoscientists maintained that continental crust was too buoyant to be subducted. However, it later became clear that slivers of continental crust adjacent to the deep-sea trench, as well as sediments deposited in the trench, may be dragged down the subduction zone. The recycling of this material is detected in the chemistry of volcanoes that erupt above the subduction zone.
Two plates carrying continental crust collide when the oceanic lithosphere between them has been eliminated. Eventually, subduction ceases and towering mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, are created. See below Mountains by continental collision.
Because the plates form an integrated system, it is not necessary that new crust formed at any given divergent boundary be completely compensated at the nearest subduction zone, as long as the total amount of crust generated equals that destroyed.
Subduction zones
The subduction process involves the descent into the mantle of a slab of cold hydrated oceanic lithosphere about 100 km (60 miles) thick that carries a relatively thin cap of oceanic sediments. The path of descent is defined by numerous earthquakes along a plane that is typically inclined between 30° and 60° into the mantle and is called the Wadati-Benioff zone, for Japanese seismologist Kiyoo Wadati and American seismologist Hugo Benioff, who pioneered its study. Between 10 and 20 percent of the subduction zones that dominate the circum-Pacific ocean basin are subhorizontal (that is, they subduct at angles between 0° and 20°). The factors that govern the dip of the subduction zone are not fully understood, but they probably include the age and thickness of the subducting oceanic lithosphere and the rate of plate convergence.
Most, but not all, earthquakes in this planar dipping zone result from compression, and the seismic activity extends 300 to 700 km (200 to 400 miles) below the surface, implying that the subducted crust retains some rigidity to this depth. At greater depths the subducted plate is partially recycled into the mantle.
The site of subduction is marked by a deep trench, between 5 and 11 km (3 and 7 miles) deep, that is produced by frictional drag between the plates as the descending plate bends before it subducts. The overriding plate scrapes sediments and elevated portions of ocean floor off the upper crust of the lower plate, creating a zone of highly deformed rocks within the trench that becomes attached, or accreted, to the overriding plate. This chaotic mixture is known as an accretionary wedge.
The rocks in the subduction zone experience high pressures but relatively low temperatures, an effect of the descent of the cold oceanic slab. Under these conditions the rocks recrystallize, or metamorphose, to form a suite of rocks known as blueschists, named for the diagnostic blue mineral called glaucophane, which is stable only at the high pressures and low temperatures found in subduction zones. (See also metamorphic rock.) At deeper levels in the subduction zone (that is, greater than 30–35 km [about 19–22 miles]), eclogites, which consist of high-pressure minerals such as red garnet (pyrope) and omphacite (pyroxene), form. The formation of eclogite from blueschist is accompanied by a significant increase in density and has been recognized as an important additional factor that facilitates the subduction process.
Island arcs
When the downward-moving slab reaches a depth of about 100 km (60 miles), it gets sufficiently warm to drive off its most volatile components, thereby stimulating partial melting of mantle in the plate above the subduction zone (known as the mantle wedge). Melting in the mantle wedge produces magma, which is predominantly basaltic in composition. This magma rises to the surface and gives birth to a line of volcanoes in the overriding plate, known as a volcanic arc, typically a few hundred kilometres behind the oceanic trench. The distance between the trench and the arc, known as the arc-trench gap, depends on the angle of subduction. Steeper subduction zones have relatively narrow arc-trench gaps. A basin may form within this region, known as a fore-arc basin, and may be filled with sediments derived from the volcanic arc or with remains of oceanic crust.
If both plates are oceanic, as in the western Pacific Ocean, the volcanoes form a curved line of islands, known as an island arc, that is parallel to the trench, as in the case of the Mariana Islands and the adjacent Mariana Trench. If one plate is continental, the volcanoes form inland, as they do in the Andes of western South America. Though the process of magma generation is similar, the ascending magma may change its composition as it rises through the thick lid of continental crust, or it may provide sufficient heat to melt the crust. In either case, the composition of the volcanic mountains formed tends to be more silicon-rich and iron- and magnesium-poor relative to the volcanic rocks produced by ocean-ocean convergence.
Back-arc basins
Where both converging plates are oceanic, the margin of the older oceanic crust will be subducted because older oceanic crust is colder and therefore more dense. As the dense slab collapses into the asthenosphere, however, it also may "roll back" oceanward and cause extension in the overlying plate. This results in a process known as back-arc spreading, in which a basin opens up behind the island arc. The crust behind the arc becomes progressively thinner, and the decompression of the underlying mantle causes the crust to melt, initiating seafloor-spreading processes, such as melting and the production of basalt; these processes are similar to those that occur at ocean ridges. The geochemistry of the basalts produced at back-arc basins superficially resembles that of basalts produced at ocean ridges, but subtle trace element analyses can detect the influence of a nearby subducted slab.
This style of subduction predominates in the western Pacific Ocean, in which a number of back-arc basins separate several island arcs from Asia. Examples include the Mariana Islands, the Kuril Islands, and the main islands of Japan. However, if the rate of convergence increases or if anomalously thick oceanic crust (possibly caused by rising mantle plume activity) is conveyed into the subduction zone, the slab may flatten. Such flattening causes the back-arc basin to close, resulting in deformation, metamorphism, and even melting of the strata deposited in the basin.
Mountain building
If the rate of subduction in an ocean basin exceeds the rate at which the crust is formed at oceanic ridges, a convergent margin forms as the ocean initially contracts. This process can lead to collision between the approaching continents, which eventually terminates subduction. Mountain building can occur in a number of ways at a convergent margin: mountains may rise as a consequence of the subduction process itself, by the accretion of small crustal fragments (which, along with linear island chains and oceanic ridges, are known as terranes), or by the collision of two large continents.
Many mountain belts were developed by a combination of these processes. For example, the Cordilleran mountain belt of North America—which includes the Rocky Mountains as well as the Cascades, the Sierra Nevada, and other mountain ranges near the Pacific coast—developed by a combination of subduction and terrane accretion. As continental collisions are usually preceded by a long history of subduction and terrane accretion, many mountain belts record all three processes. Over the past 70 million years the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Sea, a wedge-shaped body of water that was located between Gondwana and Laurasia, led to the accretion of terranes along the margins of Laurasia, followed by continental collisions beginning about 30 million years ago between Africa and Europe and between India and Asia. These collisions culminated in the formation of the Alps and the Himalayas.
Mountains by subduction
Mountain building by subduction is classically demonstrated in the Andes Mountains of South America. Subduction results in voluminous magmatism in the mantle and crust overlying the subduction zone, and, therefore, the rocks in this region are warm and weak. Although subduction is a long-term process, the uplift that results in mountains tends to occur in discrete episodes and may reflect intervals of stronger plate convergence that squeezes the thermally weakened crust upward. For example, rapid uplift of the Andes approximately 25 million years ago is evidenced by a reversal in the flow of the Amazon River from its ancestral path toward the Pacific Ocean to its modern path, which empties into the Atlantic Ocean.
In addition, models have indicated that the episodic opening and closing of back-arc basins have been the major factors in mountain-building processes, which have influenced the plate-tectonic evolution of the western Pacific for at least the past 500 million years.
Mountains by terrane accretion
As the ocean contracts by subduction, elevated regions within the ocean basin—terranes—are transported toward the subduction zone, where they are scraped off the descending plate and added—accreted—to the continental margin. Since the late Devonian and early Carboniferous periods, some 360 million years ago, subduction beneath the western margin of North America has resulted in several collisions with terranes. The piecemeal addition of these accreted terranes has added an average of 600 km (400 miles) in width along the western margin of the North American continent, and the collisions have resulted in important pulses of mountain building.
During these accretionary events, small sections of the oceanic crust may break away from the subducting slab as it descends. Instead of being subducted, these slices are thrust over the overriding plate and are said to be obducted. Where this occurs, rare slices of ocean crust, known as ophiolites, are preserved on land. They provide a valuable natural laboratory for studying the composition and character of the oceanic crust and the mechanisms of their emplacement and preservation on land. A classic example is the Coast Range ophiolite of California, which is one of the most extensive ophiolite terranes in North America. These ophiolite deposits run from the Klamath Mountains in northern California southward to the Diablo Range in central California. This oceanic crust likely formed during the middle of the Jurassic Period, roughly 170 million years ago, in an extensional regime within either a back-arc or a forearc basin. In the late Mesozoic, it was accreted to the western North American continental margin.
Because preservation of oceanic crust is rare, the recognition of ophiolite complexes is very important in tectonic analyses. Until the mid-1980s, ophiolites were thought to represent vestiges of the main oceanic tract, but geochemical analyses have clearly indicated that most ophiolites form near volcanic arcs, such as in back-arc basins characterized by subduction roll-back (the collapse of the subducting plate that causes the extension of the overlying plate). The recognition of ophiolite complexes is very important in tectonic analysis, because they provide insights into the generation of magmatism in oceanic domains, as well as their complex relationships with subduction processes. (See above back-arc basins.)
Mountains by continental collision
Continental collision involves the forced convergence of two buoyant plate margins that results in neither continent being subducted to any appreciable extent. A complex sequence of events ensues that compels one continent to override the other. These processes result in crustal thickening and intense deformation that forces the crust skyward to form huge mountains with crustal roots that extend as deep as 80 km (about 50 miles) relative to Earth's surface, in accordance with the principles of isostasy.
The subducted slab still has a tendency to sink and may become detached and founder (submerge) into the mantle. The crustal root undergoes metamorphic reactions that result in a significant increase in density and may cause the root to also founder into the mantle. Both processes result in a significant injection of heat from the compensatory upwelling of asthenosphere, which is an important contribution to the rise of the mountains.
Continental collisions produce lofty landlocked mountain ranges such as the Himalayas. Much later, after these ranges have been largely leveled by erosion, it is possible that the original contact, or suture, may be exposed.
The balance between creation and destruction on a global scale is demonstrated by the expansion of the Atlantic Ocean by seafloor spreading over the past 200 million years, compensated by the contraction of the Pacific Ocean, and the consumption of an entire ocean between India and Asia (the Tethys Sea). The northward migration of India led to collision with Asia some 40 million years ago. Since that time India has advanced a further 2,000 km (1,250 miles) beneath Asia, pushing up the Himalayas and forming the Plateau of Tibet. Pinned against stable Siberia, China and Indochina were pushed sideways, resulting in strong seismic activity thousands of kilometres from the site of the continental collision.
Transform faults
Along the third type of plate boundary, two plates move laterally and pass each other along giant fractures in Earth's crust. Transform faults are so named because they are linked to other types of plate boundaries. The majority of transform faults link the offset segments of oceanic ridges. However, transform faults also occur between plate margins with continental crust—for example, the San Andreas Fault in California and the North Anatolian fault system in Turkey. These boundaries are conservative because plate interaction occurs without creating or destroying crust. Because the only motion along these faults is the sliding of plates past each other, the horizontal direction along the fault surface must parallel the direction of plate motion. The fault surfaces are rarely smooth, and pressure may build up when the plates on either side temporarily lock. This buildup of stress may be suddenly released in the form of an earthquake.
Many transform faults in the Atlantic Ocean are the continuation of major faults in adjacent continents, which suggests that the orientation of these faults might be inherited from preexisting weaknesses in continental crust during the earliest stages of the development of oceanic crust. On the other hand, transform faults may themselves be reactivated, and recent geodynamic models suggest that they are favourable environments for the initiation of subduction zones.
Although most of Earth's volcanic activity is concentrated along or adjacent to plate boundaries, there are some important exceptions in which this activity occurs within plates. Linear chains of islands, thousands of kilometres in length, that occur far from plate boundaries are the most notable examples. These island chains record a typical sequence of decreasing elevation along the chain, from volcanic island to fringing reef to atoll and finally to submerged seamount. An active volcano usually exists at one end of an island chain, with progressively older extinct volcanoes occurring along the rest of the chain. Canadian geophysicist J. Tuzo Wilson and American geophysicist W. Jason Morgan explained such topographic features as the result of hotspots.
The number of these hotspots is uncertain (estimates range from 20 to 120), but most occur within a plate rather than at a plate boundary. Hotspots are thought to be the surface expression of giant plumes of heat, termed mantle plumes, that ascend from deep within the mantle, possibly from the core-mantle boundary, some 2,900 km (1,800 miles) below the surface. These plumes are thought to be stationary relative to the lithospheric plates that move over them. A volcano builds upon the surface of a plate directly above the plume. As the plate moves on, however, the volcano is separated from its underlying magma source and becomes extinct. Extinct volcanoes are eroded as they cool and subside to form fringing reefs and atolls, and eventually they sink below the surface of the sea to form a seamount. At the same time, a new active volcano forms directly above the mantle plume.
The best example of this process is preserved in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain. The plume is presently situated beneath Hawaii, and a linear chain of islands, atolls, and seamounts extends 3,500 km (2,200 miles) northwest to Midway and a further 2,500 km (1,500 miles) north-northwest to the Aleutian Trench. The age at which volcanism became extinct along this chain gets progressively older with increasing distance from Hawaii—critical evidence that supports this theory. Hotspot volcanism is not restricted to the ocean basins; it also occurs within continents, as in the case of Yellowstone National Park in western North America.
Measurements suggest that hotspots may move relative to one another, a situation not predicted by the classical model, which describes the movement of lithospheric plates over stationary mantle plumes. This has led to challenges to this classic model. Furthermore, the relationship between hotspots and plumes is hotly debated. Proponents of the classical model maintain that these discrepancies are due to the effects of mantle circulation as the plumes ascend, a process called the mantle wind. Data from alternative models suggest that many plumes are not deep-rooted. Instead, they provide evidence that many mantle plumes occur as linear chains that inject magma into fractures, result from relatively shallow processes such as the localized presence of water-rich mantle, stem from the insulating properties of continental crust (which leads to the buildup of trapped mantle heat and decompression of the crust), or are due to instabilities in the interface between continental and oceanic crust. In addition, some geologists note that many geologic processes that others attribute to the behaviour of mantle plumes may be explained by other forces.
Plate motion
Euler's contributions
In the 18th century, Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler showed that the movement of a rigid body across the surface of a sphere can be described as a rotation (or turning) around an axis that goes through the centre of the sphere, known as the axis of rotation. The location of this axis bears no relationship to Earth's spin axis. The point of emergence of the axis through the surface of the sphere is known as the pole of rotation. This theorem of spherical geometry provides an elegant way to define the motion of the lithospheric plates across Earth's surface. Therefore, the relative motion of two rigid plates may be described as rotations around a common axis, known as the axis of spreading. Application of the theorem requires that the plates not be internally deformed—a requirement not absolutely adhered to but one that appears to be a reasonable approximation of what actually happens. Application of this theorem permits the mathematical reconstruction of past plate configurations.
Because all plates form a closed system, all movements can be defined by dealing with them two at a time. The joint pole of rotation of two plates can be determined from their transform boundaries, which are by definition parallel to the direction of motion. Thus, the plates move along transform faults, whose trace defines circles of latitude perpendicular to the axis of spreading, and so form small circles around the pole of rotation. A geometric necessity of this theorem—that lines perpendicular to the transform faults converge on the pole of rotation—is confirmed by measurements. According to this theorem, the rate of plate motion should be slowest near the pole of rotation and increase progressively to a maximum rate along fractures with a 90° angle to it. This relationship is also confirmed by accurate measurements of seafloor-spreading rates.
Past plate movements
Plate tectonics involves the movements of Earth's lithospheric plates relative to one another over the planet's weak asthenosphere. This activity changes the positions of all plates with respect to Earth's spin axis and the Equator. To determine the true geographic positions of the plates in the past, investigators have to define their motions, not only relative to each other but also relative to this independent frame of reference. Hotspots, as classically interpreted, provide an example of such a reference frame, assuming they are the sources of plumes that originate within the deep mantle and have relatively fixed positions over time. If this assumption is valid, the motion of the lithosphere above these plumes can be deduced. The hotspot island chains serve this purpose, their trends providing the direction of motion of a plate. The speed of the plate can be inferred from the increase in age of the volcanoes along the chain relative to the distance between the islands.
Earth scientists are able to accurately reconstruct the positions and movements of plates for the past 150 million to 200 million years because they have the oceanic crust record to provide them with plate speeds and direction of movement. However, since older oceanic crust is continuously consumed to make room for new crust, this kind of evidence is not available for earlier intervals of geologic time, making it necessary for investigators to turn to other, less-precise techniques. (See below Paleomagnetism, polar wandering, and continental drift.)


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Lyman Higgins Account Book
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Cite as: Lyman Higgins Account Book (MS 118). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries.
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Did you know that the average gestation for an elephant is 2 years!?!?!?… OMG!
Entering meltdown mode in 5…4…3…2… And…
Yeah. That about sums up the extent of the past 24 hours of my life. I am a total WRECK! I know it's the hormones combined with a large dose of disappointment, but I am just SO ready for this baby to be here. I'm ready to feel normal, to be able to think with a clear mind, and REALLY, REALLY ready to sleep on my stomach again. Mostly, I'm just ready to have that bundle of happy in my arms, so I can feel just that, HAPPY. I'm so beyond excited to be a mom, but I am also so very impatient. You can ask anyone who knows me and they will tell you that I do not do well with waiting for anything. I'm a need to have it, and need to have it right now type of woman. I talked with you last week about my distaste for surprise, and well, lets be honest here… we all know that stems from a lack of patience.
So here I am, in the middle of life's ultimate waiting game, and I'm about to pull my hair out. My inner control freak is freaking out!
Hey, at least I don't look this bad… hopefully. :)I'm pulling out all the stops to distract myself but nothing seems to be working. I'm flying through work because I feel like if I get everything done MAYBE God will let this baby come. I know it doesn't work like that. There is no magic key or secret action that is going to unlock my belly and let a baby fall out. (LOL… although, that makes for an interesting visual, and would be quite the story!) I seem to have a grasp on the idea that I'm out of control, but I'm having a very, very hard time getting my mind to let go and just let God do what it is He does.
That's my biggest issue. It's like I can't convince my mind that God understands what I'm feeling. (YES, I know this is ridiculous!) Part of me wants to be mad or frustrated with Him for "not listening." The other part of me is dying for Him to give me peace and joy through this period. Like with every conversation I have with you, I know balance is the key.
So for the rest of this phase of gestational purgatory I am going to do my best to find it. I think it's completely normal for me to feel like time is ticking on in slow motion. I think it's also perfectly normal that I'm impatient, but I cannot let these things become an excuse. I can't live in a constant state of disappointment, or discontentment. I need to put a smile on my face and bask in the fact that THIS TOO SHALL PASS. I won't be pregnant for much longer, and I really need to try and focus on the great moments. I know there are parts of this I will miss eventually, and if I take them for granted now I'll regret them later. I don't want to welcome regret into this world along with my son. I want him to arrive feeling nothing but how much we love him, and how excited we are to be his parents! Even though the days are long right now, the joy of the Lord is my strength! God has a specific and unique plan for his life, just like mine, and that includes his birthday.
If you think about it this week say a prayer for me; that I would really truly give up control and let God do His thing in His timing. He knows exactly the day, hour, and minute that this boy is going to arrive, and he knows exactly why. Pray that I would find joy and peace in the waiting, and that I can focus and prepare myself in this short amount of time I have left. Lastly, please pray that he arrives safe and healthy. I can't wait to meet him, but I do want what is best for him!
OH, and Thank you, Lord, I'm not an elephant!
This may sound absurd to some of you, but I REALLY, REALLY don't like surprises… well, at least surprises that I know are coming. There isn't much out there that frustrates me more than knowing something is coming my way and then having NO idea when it's happening or what is going to happen when the time comes. Now, these things are somewhat avoidable in everyday life. I can typically persuade the "surpriser" to spill the beans, or snoop my way into the knowledge I desire; however, today I find myself waiting on a surprise that I cannot talk my way through, or dig up information about.
You want to know why I hate surprises? It's because I'm a control freak. I can admit this. I have a big issue with just letting things "happen". I like lists, plans, and expectations. I prefer to feel prepared and ready for all situations, good or bad. I do not like to be caught off guard… AT ALL.
So why am I telling you all of this? Because this time, for the first time, I'm completely in the lurch. I am officially 1 month from my due date and this baby can literally decide to show up anytime it wants. The only one who could possibly take a guess at when or how he is going to show is the one who created him. Don't get me wrong, my lack of knowledge is not the result of a lack of trying. I cannot begin to describe the very deep discussions God and I have had over the past week. I have begged until I was pretty much blue in the face for Him to let me in on the "plan", but alas, NO GO!
I am starting to come to grips with the idea that giving birth to a child is like anything else that could be considered scary, uncomfortable, or painful in life… it's meant to put you in your place. Those occasions arise to prove to us that we are COMPLETELY AND UTTERLY NOT IN CONTROL! It's through painful moments that make us realize, WE CAN'T DO IT ON OUR OWN. That's when we beg God to step in and guide us through it. It's then we cling to Him for peace and comfort. Then, when it's all said and done, we can't help but tell everyone we know about the miracle God allowed us to be a part of. We tell everyone about the situation we couldn't have survived without Him… In the end the glory is all HIS.
It's these moments of understanding that allow my brain to truly grasp that this is one surprise I am going to have to suck up and live through. I know it's coming. I don't have a clue when. And there is no form of snooping that can reveal what I'm after. But I am very, very glad to know that no matter when or how he gets here, this little baby is proof that God has allowed me to be a part of a miracle, and I will make sure the world knows it!
This past weekend I had the opportunity to re-connect with a group of friends from home. Some I had kept in contact with, others I hadn't laid eyes on in almost 10 years. Moments like those are rare. I'm so glad we took the time to hangout and catch up. Life is dramatically different now for all of us. Most of us are married or in serious relationships now. Several of us even have children on the way. The entire evening was great! During the night, we took out a box of old photos and passed them around. It was fun to relive fun moments and to make fun of ourselves as the years progressed picture by picture. As I looked through the box full of memories that traced back as far as middle school, I couldn't help but wonder, "Why did NOBODY tell me!?" The hair, the clothing, everything… WHY? So today I'd like to issue an apology to the Amanda that existed from 1997-2002, and tell her what someone…ANYONE… should have said no matter how bad it may have hurt.
#1: Why didn't anyone tell me to PUT DOWN THE MAKE-UP BAG?! I was so sad to see that I didn't take the time to learn what make-up was really all about for a LONG time. Sure, my mom gave me the whole "Make-up is just to enhance what God gave you" speech, but apparently it didn't sink in for a while. My whole face was covered in foundation that was too thick and didn't match my skin at all. I was in 7th grade! Why did I even think I needed full foundation? Why didn't I pick a color that matched, and — most importantly — where did my eyes go? The only thing that could distract you from my ghostly face was the THICK BLACK EYELINER holding my poor eyeball hostage. Me with Dad, circa 2001. EEESH!I don't know what gets into us. I feel like every girl I know can relate to the eyeliner thing, but something inside us tells us that the only way to make our eyes to stand out is to cover them in goopy, black pencil. WRONG! SO wrong. The icing on the cake was my love of 12 layers of mascara that make my lashes stick together to create perfectly formed spider legs, and my lack of appreciation for bronzer or blush. For multiple years I rocked the "mask" face as I like to call it. It was a perfect white canvas with two black holes where eyes should be. TRAGIC.
#2. Why didn't somebody teach me that it's okay not to wear a size 3 (and to NOT try to anyway)?!Surely most of us can recall a time where we felt like we didn't fit in. For me that was most of my growing years, because I literally didn't fit! I started the 6th grade at 5ish feet tall and a size 16 in little girls, and by the end of 8th grade, I was already almost 6ft tall and in a size 11 in juniors. Throughout those three years my height and girth fought a battle against each other, and I would go from wide to long, wide to long, fluctuating in size the entire time. I'm pretty sure I NEVER saw a size 3. EVER. I jumped right past it. I remember crying when I had to buy my first size 11 pants. (Keep in mind I was almost 6 feet tall, and had I worn a size 3 like I wanted, something would have been really wrong with me) I hated changing out in gym class because I was afraid the other girls would see the number on my tag and make fun of me. I felt fat, and weird, and really left out. It took me a long time to understand that the number or size on a tag can't define what normal is. The best way to feel good about your body is to dress it in what is most flattering. Sometimes that means accepting that there are certain trends that "everyone else" is wearing that just aren't going to look good on you. It means quit squeezing into those jeans that are two sizes too small and give you "muffin top" just because that's the size everyone else is wearing. Trust me, trends go by quickly. And the sooner you learn to dress your body in what fits and looks appropriate on you, the easier it will be to figure out how to incorporate "trendy" ideas into your specific wardrobe. So, to Amanda circa 2000… I am so very sorry it took me so long to understand how our body looked, and how much more comfortable we could have been.
#3. Most importantly, why didn't anyone tell me I was perfect the way I was!? It just seems like a no brainer to me. Most women I speak to have experienced very similar feelings to what I've described at some point in their formative years. They remember how caught up in being "normal" they were. So why aren't there more of us out there telling young women that they are perfect the way God made them? Look, I understand that doesn't make the issues go away. In fact, I'm sure even if someone had taken the time to tell me it wouldn't have sunken in easily if at all, but it just seems important to try. You know?
When I look back on those pictures now, I'm really not embarrassed about how I looked or how I acted. The truth is that if those things had come to me naturally, I wouldn't appreciate the knowledge I have now. I wouldn't be this strong without the chance to overcome the struggle. Although I do wish someone had offered up the honest advice I've been dishing, I don't regret going through any of it. I don't even cringe at the photographic evidence, I just wish someone had told me that I was perfect in a way I could have grasped it, or enough so it could register. Maybe I could have spent more energy on the things that mattered, rather than pouring over my body issues or hiding what I thought were flaws. Maybe I could have had more friends, been more confident, or been an encouragement to someone else if someone had just told me, "You are perfect."
I know and understand so much more now. God doesn't make mistakes. Our best attributes grow out of our greatest flaws. We are made to be 100% unique, and even the slightest differences in our bodies, minds, and heart play a significant role in the path that God has laid out for us. No one else is built or equipped for your story. Even on bad hair days, or fat days, or the day the unicorn horn of a zit pops up on your face, it doesn't feel like it.
Although, I really do wish SOMEONE, ANYONE, would have pointed something's out a long the way. I am still so very happy to be me despite my awkward, clumsy, raccoon eyed phase.
So , before I finish up this rant and move on, just in case SOMEONE, ANYONE never told you…. YOU ARE PERFECT!
YOU are PERFECT…
YOU ARE perfect!
Believe it yet? 🙂
Blah… RAIN, rain GO AWAY! You make me sad and sleepy and very unproductive. Rainy days have a way of making me feel down. I figure it's the lack of light and the lack of motivation to get up and go and do. It doesn't really matter either way, they are just BLEH!
Really, the only thing I want to do on dull, gray, dreary days is sleep. But alas, I have put on my big girl britches and decided to at least write this blog. I promise I will not spend the rest of this time complaining about the weather. In fact, I will use this time to cheer you and myself up and hopefully motivate you to go out and do SOMETHING, anything, productive today!
In the words of my friends formerly, and now once again, known as Audio Adrenaline, "I get down and He lifts me up!" That's right, the Lord lifts me up. When I get all emo and blue on these types of days, I really just need to take a second and realize how blessed I am. I get to see the Lord work everyday. That's amazing! I have every single one of my needs taken care of. It's incredible! I can't help but perk up a little when I think about how great I really do have it. I have no choice but to be grateful and smile, because I don't deserve any of it. My life, my every breath, my soul purpose for being awake today is God.
I feel much better now. I guess I just needed to remind myself of what really matters. Rain, shine, sleet, or snow, my God is faithful. The least I can do is get out of bed and thank Him for giving me this day, and even this rain. Because like flowers and plants need this water to grow, maybe we people need it to remind us we're still growing too? Hmm…
And if you just still can't seem to shake those blues away here's a little bit of happy to brighten your day!


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Abreu adjusting to Major Leagues, new country
GLENDALE, Ariz. -- Jose Abreu looked up from his locker in the clubhouse at Camelback Ranch with a puzzled expression on his face and glanced at the bulletin board.
"Hey, do you know what color we are wearing today?" Abreu asked a group of teammates in English.
GLENDALE, Ariz. -- Jose Abreu looked up from his locker in the clubhouse at Camelback Ranch with a puzzled expression on his face and glanced at the bulletin board.
"Hey, do you know what color we are wearing today?" Abreu asked a group of teammates in English.
"Black, Jose. Black jerseys," one of them responded.
"Gracias, brother, gracias," Abreu answered.
The White Sox first baseman says he has been working hard at adjusting to all parts of life in the United States --from learning a new language to understanding the nuances of the sport -- since he arrived in Arizona for Spring Training almost seven weeks ago. Abreu is succeeding in Cactus League play by keeping an open mind and that's not something that he intends to change.
"The baseball is not exactly what I thought it would be. I've never played at this level and I expected it to be really, really difficult," Abreu, 27, said in Spanish. "I knew it wasn't going to be impossible, but the coaches and teammates here have really helped me and made it easier. I feel like I can handle it."
Abreu appears to be adjusting quickly. On Wednesday, he struck out on a check swing in the first inning against the Angels and then hit a two-run home run on the first pitch he saw from starter Tyler Skaggs in the third.
Later, Abreu lined a 0-2 pitch from Angels pitching prospect Cam Bedrosian to right field for a single in the fifth inning, He drove in another run with a single up the middle in the seventh inning for his third hit of the game.
"Every day is something new for him, seeing new pitchers, so he continues to improve," White Sox manager Robin Ventura said. "The more guys he sees, he's able to adjust and they are adjusting to him, too. People are throwing him inside and he's able to adjust."
Overall, Abreu is hitting .308 (12-for-39) with two home runs and nine RBIs. He has struck out six times and walked once in Cactus League play.
"The pitchers have more velocity and more control, but you adjust to them," Abreu said. "This is a game of adjustments and that might be the hardest part. That's why it's important you have a clear head and understand what you are doing at the plate and what they are trying to do to you."
It's no surprise to hear that Abreu considers himself a student of the game. He has also already built a strong reputation for his solid work ethic. In fact, the slugger's intense workouts and long hours at camp have been tempered by the White Sox staff.
He calls the change in workouts "another adjustment."
"They've corrected me a little bit," Abreu said with a smile. "For me, it's Spring Training and the season is coming with games so I wanted to be ready, but I understand what they are saying. There are a lot of games and they don't want me to overdo it. It's part of the game that I'm learning here."
Abreu believes his strenuous workouts could have contributed to the sore ankles that bothered him earlier this month. He taped his ankles when he played in Cuba and has started taking similar precautionary measures recently.
"It was one of those things that happens when you train," Abreu said. "I had some treatment and it's all better now. It's not a problem. I'm fine."
It's already been quite a year for Abreu.
Abreu and his wife, Yusmary, are believed to have left Cuba some time last summer and made their way to Haiti to begin the process of becoming eligible to sign with a Major League club. He was courted by several teams and eventually signed a six-year, $68 million deal with the White Sox in October.
Abreu's mother, father, sister and brother-in-law are expected to join him some time this year. Life without his family might be the most difficult adjustment of all for the first baseman.
"Only God knows what the plan is for all of us, but I have faith we will be fine," Abreu said. "I feel like I'm getting closer to where I can be for Opening Day. We have more time and I can improve some more."
Jesse Sanchez is a national reporter for MLB.com. Follow him on Twitter @JesseSanchezMLB.


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Owners manual for Hallicrafters S-120 receiver. Compliments of Collin Collier, N4TUA. Clean schematic for the Hallicrafters S-120 receiver. Compliments of Tom Lewis, N4TL.
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Yes, you read that right; the artist Antoine Bridier-Nahmias paints with mould, marrying art and science in an unexpectedly delightful way. His strange media include various sets of bacteria and fungi, ranging in color, texture, and density, and a petri dish serves as his canvas. Once a piece is grown to his aesthetic satisfaction, the artist photographs it from above, capturing the nuances of the material in stunning resolution.
Bridier-Nahmias's images, perhaps revolting if seen inside your fridge, are visually enthralling when viewed in the sterile confines of the dish. Like strange and serendipitous science experiments, the moldy surfaces create ordered geometric patterns found time and again in nature; unlike paint, the bacteria reproduces itself in accordance with complex biological laws, forming perfect circles and straight lines that emanate from their centers.
A gorgeous visual balance is achieved through the artist's careful and deliberate use of color and form; within the gestalt of the dish, puffy clouds of mould, large as sand dollars, are balanced out perceptually with bright reds; seemingly disparate species of bacteria work together to create a harmonious work.
In these pieces, the chaos of life and bacterial growth exists in continual tension with the neatly ordered aesthetic of the work, inviting views to examine moldy patterns not with disgust but with transfixed delight. When given free reign to multiply within the petri dish, these species create astoundingly formal compositions, flawless patterns that no master artist has come even close to replicating. Take a look. (via Design Boom and It's Nice That)


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I invented this salad as an answer to Ivonne and Lis's call for contributions to their La Festa al Fresco event. Any dish using at least one seasonal, fresh ingredient would fit. This was more challenging for me than it might appear. First off, my market, now more than any other time during the year, is an absolute embarrassment of riches. The peaches, nectarines and plums (I bought 5 different varieties of plums alone, this week!) seem to be coming in faster than they can be sold. In the past week, I have gone through pounds of stone fruit in an attempt at the summer classic, homemade fruit pie (Don't ask…really.), and I eat at least two out of hand every day. The figs (Black Mission, Calimyrna, Brown Turkey) which have been in fairly steady supply all summer are now at center stage in the produce section—two pounds for the price of one! And then there are the melons, daring me to gut and peel them with my largest, razor sharp chef's knife.
The other challenge was that, even with all these luscious items at my fingertips, I didn't really want to do much cooking. Part of my resistance was that Mike is away on business, but it also seemed quite silly to mess with nature's perfection. All of this, plus an impending tropical storm or possibly hurricane here in South Florida, set me on a search for a dish where loveliness would be the result of sheer simplicity.
For inspiration, I flipped through the pages of Once Upon A Tart, the beautifully produced cookbook by New York City bakery owners, Frank Mentesana and Jerome Audureau. Far more than just tarts, this book is full of salads, soups and snazzy sandwich ideas. Their baguette bursting with watercress and thinly sliced brie, pears and figs caught my eye, but a sandwich was not quite what I had in mind. So, I went to bed with visions of baguettes and summer fruit dancing in my head. At some point before I fell asleep, the Honey-Cress Salad came together in my mind. Of course prosciutto and melon is a gorgeous salty-sweet combination, and the enormous, pale green honeydew melons have been calling out to me from their bin every time I go shopping. I would artfully arrange them on a bed of watercress and anoint all of it with a light honey-lemon dressing and a touch of olive oil to mellow the bite of the greens. Thin shavings of manchego would add another textural element and anchor the sweetness of the melon and honey while acting as a perfect pair with the prosciutto.
As I shopped for the ingredients the following day, I wondered if my nighttime salad fantasy would actually turn into a delicious reality. I will spare you the details of my careful prep work (I sometimes lack the patience to arrange things in a way that anyone would call "artful."), and tell you that this salad is a dream come true. The bitter watercress became subtly peppery and the manchego fused with the prosciutto and melon like shavings of butter. Accompanied by crusty multigrain bread, this was all I needed for a simple summer meal. The portion above was intended to serve two, but I greedily finished most of it. For a larger crowd, or perhaps a festa al fresco, you can simply double the recipe as many times as you need to fill your largest serving platter. This is the kind of salad that can sit on the table along with your other dishes so diners can scoop up portions of it throughout a long, langorous meal, served under the setting summer sun.
Honey-Cress Salad with Prosciutto
I recommend the following amounts to serve four as part of a meal. Double the ingredients as many times as you need to serve a larger crowd.
3 tblsp. honey
1 tblsp. hot water
juice of half a lemon
1/2 honeydew melon, cut into wedges and peeled, then thinly sliced into uniform 3-inch pieces
4 cups watercress, thick stems removed
extra virgin olive oil
fresh ground pepper
6 to 8 very thin slices of prosciutto, torn into smaller pieces
3 to 4 oz. manchego cheese, shaved with a vegetable peeler
Make the honey dressing: combine the honey, water and lemon juice in a small bowl and whisk to combine.
Arrange the watercress on a serving platter. Sprinkle with a touch of olive oil and season lightly with pepper. Toss too combine. Over the watercress, arrange the melon slices and prosciutto alternating in a circular pattern. Any extra prosciutto can be used to make little "rosettes" in the center of the platter. Strew the platter with shavings of manchego cheese, sprinkle with ground pepper and drizzle the honey dressing over the salad. You will not need to use all the dressing, but it will keep in the refrigerator for a couple days.
technorati tags: la festa al fresco
To see the roundup of all the Festa al Fresco dishes, take a look here on September 5th.


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Complete list of dentists in Nevada (1,880 as of Apr 23, 2019). This database includes addresses, fax and phone numbers. Purchase for $19 and download instantly.
Nevada Dentist Database is a mailing list mostly used for direct mail marketing. It also lists dentists' phone and fax numbers.
This dental data bank is obtained from a federal agency each month hence it's complete, up-to-date and accurate.
What You Get
- Dentist's full name and credentials (name prefix, suffix, credentials and gender)
- Business address, phone and fax numbers
- Mailing address, phone and fax numbers
- Practitioner's classification and specialization
- NPI and license number
Data Facts About This List
- Number of unique NPI records (i.e. total number of dentists): 1,880
- Number of unique addresses: 1,445
- Number of unique phone numbers: 1,225
- Number of unique fax numbers: 815
NPI is a unique 10-digit identification number issued to health care providers in the United States. The reason why the number of unique business addresses (or phone and fax numbers) is much lower than the number of providers is because many dentists work in the same location (e.g. a clinic or a hospital). Hence they share the same work address and phone.
Note that Nevada Dentist Database is not an email list. That's because dentist e-mail addresses are not available from the federal agency issuing this healthcare provider data.
If you are not interested in purchasing a full Nevada database the NPI Registry Search Website will provide the same info one record at a time.
You can also download our database sample here before purchasing the full mailing list.
Last but not least, if you are looking for a complete database of every dentist in the United States please take a look at our complete United States Dentist Database.
Subspecialities Included in Nevada Dentist Database
Finally, here is a list of medical professions that are included in this product. Click on one to reveal the subspecialities of that field.