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Specifically, win the $150,000 California Cup Classic Presented by City National Bank.
The Classic, which will be run at 1 1/8 miles over Cushion Track, is the richest of seven stakes races for California breds to be contested as part of the 21st California Cup.
A three-time winner of the Hollywood Gold Cup, Lava Man was defeated in two Classic appearances. The gelding's best finish was a second behind Cozy Guy in 2004.
Owned by W.C. Racing, Westside Rentals.com and Neil Haymes, Enriched, a 5-year-old High Brite gelding out of the Nostaglia's Star mare Li'l Ms. Leonard, has won seven of 22 and earned $512,656. He is among eight entered in the Classic.
Three of Enriched's wins have come in 13 starts since he was claimed for $32,000 by his current connections - including trainer Doug O'Neill – Nov. 1, 2009. Enriched became a graded stakes winner when capturing the Del Mar Mile Handicap, a Grade II, Aug. 28.
Fifth in the Shadwell Turf Mile Oct. 9 at Keeneland, Enriched is seeking his second victory over Cushion Track. His only win in four starts here came by 7 ¾ lengths against $80,000 maidens May 8, 2009.
Unusual Suspect will be looking for his first win in his 13th start of 2010. The 6-year-old Unusual Heat horse out of the Crested Wave mare Penpont has won eight of 53 in his career with earnings of $855,171.
Owned by David, Dyan and trainer Barry Abrams, Unusual Suspect has lost 15 in a row since his 24-1 upset in the Cougar II Handicap Aug. 5, 2009 at Del Mar.
Low Gear Power will aim for the richest victory of his career for trainer Mike Mitchell, who won the 2006 Classic with Texcess.
Owned by a partnership that includes Jim Ford, the 4-year-old All the Gears gelding out of the Incinderator mare Breeze Gal has won five of nine since being claimed for $12,500 June 26, 2009 at Hollywood Park.
Overall, the gray has six wins in 19 attempts and banked $165,114. Low Gear Power won over Cushion Track in July, his first start of 2010.
Trained by Victor Garcia for Lucky Charm Stable, Cayambe enters off a 25-1 surprise in the Ralph M. Hinds Handicap Sept. 26 at Fairplex Park. The win was the ninth in 37 starts for the 6-year-old Helmsman gelding out of the Restless Con mare Pacaya. He has earned $360,976. The win in the Hinds, which is the same distance as the Cal Cup Classic, was his third in six races since he was claimed for $25,000 July 31, 2009 at Del Mar.
The field also includes Lodi Red, who has yet to win over synthetic, Mobilized, who is 0-for-2 in two turn races, My Boy Walsh, looking to become the first 3-year-old to win since the aforementioned Cozy Guy, and Soul Candy, who will be racing for the first time on something other than turf.
The Classic is the ninth of 10 races.
From inside out, the lineup for the Cal Cup Classic: Unusual Suspect, Patrick Valenzuela rides, 116 pounds; Enriched, Joel Rosario, 123; Mobilized, David Flores, 116; My Boy Walsh, Mike Smith, 113; Low Gear Power, Joe Talamo, 118; Lodi Red, Martin Garcia, 113; Cayambe, Alonso Quinonez, 120 and Soul Candy, Rafael Bejarano, 118.
Liberian Freighter and Colgan's Chip, who finished a nose apart when running 1-2 in the Oak Tree Mile, a Grade II, Oct. 9, will square off again in the $100,000 John C. Mabee California Cup Mile Presented by TVG.
Owned by Shawn Dugan, breeder King Edward Racing Stable and Charles Winner and trained by Neil Drysdale, Liberian Freighter was 22-1 when winning the Oak Tree Mile. The victory was the eighth in 22 outings for the 5-year-old son of Bertrando and the Slewpy mare Anachristina. He has earned $571,740. Liberian Freighter was third behind Swift Winds and Bold Chieftain in this event in 2008.
Trained by Jenine Sahadi for Green Lantern Stables LLC, Colgan's Chip has won four of 12. The 5-year-old Cee's Tizzy gelding and the Theatrical mare Leaning Tower has banked $212,712. Sahadi has two previous wins in the Mile. Both were with Megan's Interco (1993, 1995).
Bruce's Dream, who is 3-for-3 in races restricted to California breds, has won five of seven overall and earned $233,940 for owner-breeder Bruce Corwin and trainer Mike Puype. The 4-year-old gelded son of Atticus and the Smokester mare Remember Dorothy defeated Colgan's Chip by a head when winning the California Dreamin Handicap July 25 at Del Mar.
From inside out, the field for the grassy California Cup Mile: Tiz Argent, Joel Rosario rides, 115 pounds; Pop'shandsarehot, Corey Nakatani, 116; Colgan's Chip, Brice Blanc, 118; Jiggly, Patrick Valenzuela, 116; Bruce's Dream, Joe Talamo, 120 and Liberian Freighter, Martin Garcia, 123.
Lady Railrider will look to become the second repeat winner – joining Dream of Summer (2004-2005) – in the $100,000 TOC/CTT Cal Cup Matron.
Owned by breeders Mr. and Mrs. Larry D. Williams and trained by Steve Specht, Lady Railrider won by nearly two lengths in 2009. The 5-year-old Ride the Rails mare, who has won seven of 20 and earned $413,180, will have six opponents. The Matron is run at 1 1/16 miles over Cushion Track.
Her rivals include Camille C and Ultra Blend.
Owned by Carlos Polanco and trained by Marcelo Polanco, Camille C won the Melair Stakes earlier in the year on California Gold Rush Day. The 3-year-old Roman Dancer filly and the Rahy mare Paris Operetta has three wins in 15 tries. Her bankroll is $287,551.
Ultra Blend will be making her first start around two turns on a synthetic surface in the Matron. The 4-year-old daughter of Richly Blended and the Desert Classic mare Ankha has won five of 15 for owners Nels Erickson and trainer Art Sherman.
From inside out, the field for the Cal Cup Matron: Camille C, Martin Garcia rides, 117 pounds; Warren's Jitterbug, Patrick Valenzuela, 117; Tiz Smoke Tiz Fire, Joe Talamo, 113; Catsalot, Brice Blanc, 118; Ruffled Feathers, Victor Espinoza, 118; Ultra Blend, Joel Rosario, 119 and Lady Railrider, Frank Alvarado, 116.
The day's opener is the $100,000 Donald Valpredo California Cup Sprint. Cost of Freedom, a Grade I winner for owners Gary and Cecil Barber and trainer John Sadler, tops a field of five in the race at six furlongs over Cushion Track.
A 7-year-old Cee's Tizzy gelding out of the Moscow Ballet mare Freedom Dance, Cost of Freedom collected his biggest win in the 2009 Ancient Title at Santa Anita. An earner of $692,263 – most of it since he was claimed for $50,000 by the Barbers in July, 2008 – Cost of Freedom will be making his first start in a race restricted to state breds since he finished second in the Tiznow Stakes April 27, 2008 at Hollywood Park.
Sadler is aiming for his third Sprint win, having tallied with Valiant Pete in the inaugural running (1990) and Ceeband (2001).
Goggles McCoy, who has yet to lose in four races around one turn, cuts back in distance for owner-breeders Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Shapiro and trainer Steve Sherman.
The 3-year-old son of In Excess and the Slew City Slew mare Swahili Song finished fourth as the 3-2 favorite in his first try past seven furlongs in the El Cajon Sept. 3 at Del Mar. Goggles McCoy has earned $126,160.
Rounding out the Sprint field are A Lil Dumaani, a six time winner making his second start since being claimed for $62,500 by Peter Miller for the Barbers, My Summer Slew, who won the Robert K. Kerlan Memorial Handicap over the Hollywood Park turf in his last local start June 27, and Runaway Bandido.
From inside out, the field for the California Cup Sprint: Cost of Freedom, Joe Talamo rides, 123 pounds; A Lil Dumaani, Martin Garcia, 116; Goggles McCoy, Russell Baze, 119; My Summer Slew, Alonso Quinonez, 120 and Runaway Bandido, Victor Espinoza, 116.
U R All That I Am, who won a pair of California bred stakes during the Hollywood Park spring-summer meet earlier in 2010, is among eight fillies and mares entered in the $100,000 John Deere California Cup Distaff. The race will go at six furlongs on turf.
Trained by Jerry Hollendorfer for owner-breeder Tommy Town Thoroughbreds, U R All That I Am won both the B Thoughtful Stakes and Fran's Valentine in the spring. The latter victory came on the grass.
A 4-year-old Valid Wager filly out of the Fort Calgary mare Fort Silver, U R All That I Am has nine wins in 19 starts. She has earned $358,219.
Trainer Eric Kruljac is scheduled to run a pair in Money Lover and La Nez.
Owned by breeder Rancho San Miguel, Money Lover, a 4-year-old Marino Marini filly and the Unbridled mare Affordability, will be making her initial start on turf. She has won two of seven and banked $105,740.
La Nez, a 3-year-old daughter of Storm Creek and the Iz a Saros mare Iza Bay has won three of 12. She has earned $261,000 for A&R Stables LLC and Class Racing Stable. One of La Nez's wins came in the 2009 California Cup Juvenile Fillies.
From inside out, the field for the California Cup Distaff: Perfect Vintage, Rafaqel Bejarano rides, 118 pounds; Ms. G.I. Jane, Chad Schvaneveldt, 116; Money Lover, Joe Talamo, 120; U R All That I Am, Joe Talamo, 120; I Can Hear, Martin Garcia, 115; U Turn Me Crazy, Russell Baze, 115; Ruination, Patrick Valenzuela, 116 and La Nez, Victor Espinoza, 119.
The two remaining stakes are for 2-year-olds. Eight fillies are entered in the $75,000 Robert H. Walter California Cup Juvenile Fillies while nine will go in the $75,000 Bob Benoit California Cup Juvenile. Both are at 1 1/16 miles over Cushion Track.
Bob Baffert, who won the inaugural Juvenile Fillies in 1990 with Theresa's Pleasure, will send out recent maiden winner Queenie Marini. Her rivals include Swiss Wild Cat, who won the CTBA Stakes July 23 at Del Mar for owner-breeder Heinz Steinmann and trainer Mike Harrington.
From inside out, the field for the California Cup Juvenile Fillies: Warren's Idol, Patrick Valenzuela rides, 120 pounds; Excellent Point, Jose Verenzuela, 120; Warren's Flyer, Martin Pedroza, 120; Queenie Marini, Martin Garcia, 120; Arta B Tappin, David Flores, 117; California Nectar, Rafael Bejarano, 120; Swiss Wild Cat, Victor Espinoza, 120 and Table for One, Joe Talamo, 120. Warren's Idol and Warren's Flyer will race coupled.
O'Neill, who won the 2009 Juvenile with Bench the Judge, will seek another victory with Jailbird Jimmy.
The son of Momentum and the Formal Gold mare Farnham has one win in six starts for owner-breeder J. Paul Reddam and has earned $31,820.
The Juvenile field features four last out winners – Contemplated, Warrens Good Storm, Woodmans Luck and Slammer Time.
From inside out, the field for the California Cup Juvenile: Contemplated, Joel Rosario rides, 120 pounds; Mr. Gennaro, David Flores, 120; Bluegrass Reward, Russell Baze, 120; Warrens Good Storm, Pedro Arambula, 120; Woodmans Luck, Joe Talamo, 120; Slammer Time, Rafael Bejarano, 120; Jailbird Jimmy, Patrick Valenzuela, 120; Luckarack, Frank Alvarado, 120 and Joy Boy, Corey Nakatani, 120. Luckarack and Woodmans Luck are coupled.


text:
enjamin D. Brantley became chief theater critic of The New York Times in September 1996 after having
served as its drama critic since joining the newspaper in August 1993.
Prior to joining The Times, Mr. Brantley was a staff writer at The New Yorker magazine from August 1992 to July 1993. Before that, he was a writer at Vanity Fair magazine from January 1987 to August 1992 and he reviewed films for Elle magazine from September
1988 to March 1993.
From June 1985 to December 1986, he was a freelance writer and from January 1983 to June 1985, he was European editor, publisher and Paris bureau chief for Women's Wear Daily. Previously, from 1978 to 1983, he was a reporter and then editor at Women's
Wear Daily. He was a summer intern at The Winston-Salem Sentinel in 1976 and an editorial assistant at The Village Voice in 1975.
Mr. Brantley is the editor of The New York Times Book of Broadway: On the Aisle for the Unforgettable Plays of the Last Century, which was published by St. Martins Press in 2001. He received the George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic
Criticism for 1996-1997.
Born in Durham, N.C., on October 26, 1954, Mr. Brantley received a B.A. degree in English from Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, P.A., graduated with high honors, and is a Phi Beta Kappa.
Mr. Brantley is single and lives in New York City.

subset: commoncrawl


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Dan Akerson, currently chairman and CEO of General Motors, recently gave a commencement speech for the business school graduates of Columbia University that touched on an interesting theme for the leaders of tomorrow: the concept of doing good out in the world versus just being good.
Sounds strange, I know, coming from the top guy at an automaker that in his own words described GM this way: "A one-time colossus that ruled the corporate world, that set the standard of success for business schools to study, that became the case study for failure. GM was broken and nearly died."
Yet he stressed that men and women of goodwill, working together, did something that is all too rare today: they rose above their own particular worldview to serve what he called "the greater good." While many might argue whether the taxpayer-funded bailouts that saved GM were worth it – or even proper business strategy – Akerson argues that's almost beside the point. The rescue of GM, to his mind, exemplifies something that's often missing in the business world today.
"As holders of an Ivy League MBA [master of business administration], your prospects look good for an exciting, challenging and lucrative career; [but] what a shame that would be, if that's all you intend to do with your education," he stressed.
"I hope you came to this great university with more in mind than getting a degree that would help maximize your earning power," Akerson noted. "Let me be clear. Making money is good; I'm all for it. I have been blessed in ways I never imagined, and I hope that everyone here has the same opportunities and success that I've enjoyed. But society needs more from you right now. Some of the institutions that our society relies on are in serious disrepair, if not outright broken."
[One of those is the transportation industry, which will see half of its current workforce retire over the next decade. Professor Denver Tolliver discusses that and other transportation workforce concerns in the clip below.]
Akerson emphasized that the "Great Recession" exposed so much that's wrong with some of the fundamental structures of our nation. "The economy broke and teetered on failure; our banking system ground to a halt; our housing market collapsed; and millions of jobs evaporated. And while things are improving, complete recovery is a long way off."
He also believes stepping up to put all of this back in good working order isn't as hard as it seems, either, because the U.S. has been here many times before.
"Looking at this class, I can't help but reflect on the days when I was handed my undergraduate and graduate diplomas," he said. "The economics of the times weren't much better, and there was plenty to make one worry about the future. Our country was in the midst of a protracted war in Vietnam, one that cost us about 250 young lives every week for roughly 10 years. I transitioned out of the military and into the civilian world at a time of high inflation, deficits, and interest rates – the days when the term 'misery index' was created. I lost classmates; I lost a roommate."
Akerson noted that interest rates on home loans in the late 1970s and early 1980s approached 15% to 16%, while unemployment in 1982 almost reached 11%. "Our country seemed to lose its confidence in our institutions and its respect for them," he added.
And at that time, amid all the troubling indicators, Akerson said he tried to formulate a life's plan that would define who he was based on what he saw lacking in society at the time—leadership and service.
"They go together, hand in glove, because you cannot lead people or an organization without a commitment to serving them as well," he pointed out. "This concept has guided my life and frankly, led me to accept this job at GM."
[Noted logistics giant Lynn Fritz expressed some of the same sentiments during a speech two years ago concerning the challenge of carrying out humanitarian logistics efforts.]
To his mind, "leadership" is comprised of character, integrity, competence, and hard work. "It's making the right decisions, not just the easy ones," Akerson added. "It manifests itself in your relationships, your marriage, your family, your community and your company. And to lead effectively, you must serve your family, your community, your country."
The most critical thing about leadership to his mind, however, is this: while being good is commendable, doing good is beneficial. "I urge you to put your country's interests above your own: get involved in your community; serve your fellow citizen; bring your intellectual firepower, your ambition, and your energy to making America the country we know it can be," he stressed. "People who want to lead us forward start by serving others. To me, that is the stuff of heroes."
One example Akerson pointed to is the late Arthur Ashe, a world champion tennis player who blazed a trail in the sport by being the first—and thus far, only—African-American male to win the U.S. Open and Wimbledon tennis tournaments.
Ashe went on to become a philanthropist, a fighter against South Africa's Apartheid racial segregation system and an AIDS activist. But Akerson stressed that while Ashe was a hero to many for his professional achievements, those didn't count much to Ashe himself.
"As he put it so well, 'True heroism is remarkably sober, very un-dramatic. It is not the urge to surpass all others at whatever cost, but the urge to serve others at whatever cost,'" Akerson noted. "I hope you find within yourselves the heroism that Ashe describes. Our nation is counting on you."


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To become extremely fascinated and or nostalgic/longing for past events. "Retro" meaning "the past" and "trip" because you get lost and trip out on things that you still remember. It can also be portrayed as wishful musing about certain events in history. You do not need to be high while under the influence of this highly-natural state of consciousness.
If I could go back to a different era in time, I would like to see what life was like during the roaring-20s. All that free alcohol and underground clubs, not to mention the Harlem Renaissance. The 30's presented to us a golden age of movies, the 40's was notable for popular icons such as Frank Sinatra. The 50's pretty much sucked, except for the beatniks~now THOSE people had it goin' on. The 60's was all about freedom and rebellion, not to mention the birth of the modern horror movie (look up Psycho) The 70's were funky and psychedelic, also the starting place for disco. The 80's, as we all know was slammed with violence in the media (Friday the 13th and many, many others...) but the often overlooked aspects include new wave and other trends (like retro-style coke/pepsi cans and rubik's cube. The 90's are pretty much like they are today, except that hip-hop was just getting started with artists such as Slick Rick and Salt 'n Peppa. Now we are here in the 21st century, where everything is digitalized and progressive. Thank you for listening to me ramble about my retrotrip and remember: Always take time out of your day to remember the past.
by Tony May 12, 2004


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An insomniac's guide to the curious mathematics of mattress flipping
Having run out of sheep the other night, I found myself counting the ways to flip a mattress. Earlier that day I had flipped the very mattress on which I was not sleeping, and the chore had left a residue of puzzled discontent. If you're going to bother at all with such a fussbudget bit of housekeeping, it seems like you ought to do it right, rotating the mattress to a different position each time, so as to pound down the lumps and fill in the sags on all the various surfaces. The trouble is, in the long interval between flips I always forget which way I flipped it last time. Lying awake that night, I was turning the problem over in my head, searching for a golden rule of mattress flipping.
The essential characteristic of a golden rule is universality: One rule works all the time, for everyone. The famous archetype of such rules—the one about doing unto others—certainly has this property. So does the rule of the road: "Drive to the right." ("Drive to the left" works just as well; what matters is not which side you choose but that everyone make the same choice.) Not all rules generalize so smoothly. A sign saying "Please use other door" is not helpful when it's posted on every door. A golden rule of mattress flipping would be some set of geometric maneuvers that you could perform in the same way every time in order to cycle through all the configurations of the mattress. Following this algorithm might entail more physical labor on each occasion—perhaps making multiple flips or turns—but at least it would eliminate the mental effort of remembering.
If you too spend sleepless nights fretting over this problem, I'm afraid I have some disappointing news. You will not find the golden rule of mattress flipping in this column. As a matter of fact, no such rule exists—at least not in the form I originally imagined. But please read on anyway: The search for a mattress-flipping algorithm leads to some diverting mathematics, not just in the bedroom but also in the garage and at the breakfast table. Furthermore, although I can offer no golden rule for mattress flipping, I do have some practical advice.
Sleepers Awake
In the morning, when I Googled "mattress flipping," I learned that I'm not the only one who's been obsessing about this silly business. Linda Cobb, The Queen of Clean®, recommends flipping on a seasonal schedule—side-to-side in spring and fall, and end-over-end in summer and winter. Or maybe it's the other way around; I forget. A Web site called eHow, which promises "Clear Instructions on How To Do (just about) Everything" offers the following counsel: "Rotate your mattress twice a year, or more often if instructed by the manufacturer. Flip it over completely after the first six months. Then, after another six months, flip it over and turn it so that the head is at the foot of the bed." Is that clear? What would it mean to flip it over incompletely? And what's the difference, exactly, between rotating, flipping and turning? Does the final instruction to flip and turn do anything that couldn't be achieved with a single motion?
Another Web page, Phyl's Furniture Facts, takes on the task of defining some of this terminology: "Flipping means to turn it over while rotating means to make a 1/4 turn of the mattress while it lies flat on the bed." (I tried the quarter turn, but it didn't look very comfortable.)
Versions of the illustration reproduced at right appear on dozens of Web sites. When I first saw this diagram, I thought for a fleeting moment that I had found my golden rule. A quarter turn, a flip, another quarter turn—"AND THERE YOU ARE.... Turned Over and End to End as well!" Maybe this was the magic formula. But no: A quick experiment with a small model of a mattress—I used a paperback book—showed that the elaborate sequence of operations in the diagram has exactly the same effect as a half turn end-over-end. (But the more-complicated procedure may be worth following anyway, especially in a room with a low ceiling.)
A Flying Mattress Ride
To make sense of all this turning and flipping, the first thing we need is some clear notation. A mattress can be rotated around any of three orthogonal axes. I could label the axes x, y and z, but I'd just forget which is which, so it seems better to adopt the terminology of aviation. If you think of a mattress as an airplane flying toward the headboard of the bed, then the three axes are designated roll, pitch and yaw as shown in the illustration to the right. The roll axis is parallel to the longest dimension of the mattress, the pitch axis runs along the next-longest dimension, and the yaw axis passes through the shortest dimension.
Turning the mattress by 180 degrees around any one of these three axes is a symmetry operation: If you start with the mattress properly installed on the bed and then apply one of these actions, you return to another state where the mattress fits the bed frame correctly. Assuming that the various surfaces of the mattress are not labeled in any way, the states before and after the symmetry operation are indistinguishable. Note that no rotation through an angle smaller than a half turn has this property; despite the advice of Phyl's Furniture Facts, a quarter turn around any axis leaves the mattress in a decidedly awkward position. And for a mattress that has the usual, rectangular, shape (technically, it's called an orthotope), there are no other symmetry axes. If you were to try making a half turn around one of the diagonals, you'd be left with a very catterwumpus bed.
A mattress has two sides suitable for sleeping on, and each of those sides has two possible orientations—with one end or the other toward the headboard. Thus there are four configurations overall. A golden rule of mattress flipping would be an operation that, when applied repeatedly, would cycle through all four configurations and then return to the original state. It's easy to see that none of the three basic symmetry operations, taken alone, accomplishes this trick. If you always flip the mattress end-over-end (that is, around the pitch axis), you alternate between just two of the four states and never reach the other two. Repeated roll turns or yaw turns also visit just two of the states (although not the same pairs of states). Hence any golden rule would have to involve some combination of motions—maybe a roll followed by a pitch followed by a roll the other way and then a yaw, or some such intricate dance move.
Mattress Multiplication
If you are inclined to undertake a search for such a magic combination, by all means flip away; but it's less strenuous to bring some mathematics to bear on the problem. Particularly helpful is the branch of mathematics known as group theory, which is the traditional tool for studies of symmetry.
In general, a group is a set of objects together with an operation for combining them. For example, one can have a group in which the objects are numbers and the combining operation is addition or multiplication. In this case, however, the "objects"—the elements of the group—are themselves operations. They are the various ways of flipping a mattress. The rule for combining the elements is simply to perform one operation after another.
Not just any set of operations can qualify as a group; they have to meet four criteria. First, among the operations there must be an identity element—an operation that leaves the system unchanged. For mattress flipping, the identity operation is obvious: Just do nothing.
Second, every element of the group must have an inverse, an "undo" action that returns the system to its former state. Again this requirement is easily met for mattress flipping: Each of the three basic rotations is its own inverse. If you flip the mattress a half-turn around the roll axis, and then do exactly the same thing again, you come back to where you started. The same is true of half turns around the pitch and yaw axes. (Even more obviously, the do-nothing identity element is also its own inverse.)
The third criterion for grouphood is that the operations obey an associative law, so that (f g) h means the same as f (g h), where f, g and h are any operations in the group. For mattress flipping this is true but not very informative, so I'll say nothing more about it.
The final requirement is closure, which says the set of operations is in some sense complete. More formally, if f and g are any elements of the group, then the combination of f followed by g must also be an operation in the group. The implications of closure are made clear by drawing up a "multiplication table" for the group, as in figure 2. The table gives the result of all possible pairwise combinations of the four operations I, R, P and Y (which stand for the identity operation and for 180-degree rotations around the roll, pitch and yaw axes). The crucial point is that every such combination is equivalent to one of the fundamental operations. For example, a roll turn followed by a yaw turn has exactly the same effect as a pitch turn. This fact is what dooms the search for a golden rule. The table shows that any combination of two basic operations can be replaced by a single operation. Since we already know that none of the single operations yields a cycle through all four states of the mattress, it's clear that no pair of operations can be composed to make a golden rule.
What about longer sequences of symmetry moves? They too are ruled out. Someone might come forward to claim that a complicated, n-step sequence of roll, pitch and yaw turns has the desired effect. But by consulting the multiplication table, we can replace the first two of these actions with a single turn, creating an equivalent procedure with n-1 steps. Continuing in the same way, we eventually reduce the entire sequence to a single symmetry operation, which cannot be a golden rule.
But wait! Maybe there's some tricky maneuver that involves motions other than the symmetry operations, as with the quarter turns in the diagram in figure 1. The trouble is, any move that qualifies as a mattress flip has to begin and end with the mattress in one of the four canonical positions on the bed frame. In between, you are welcome to twirl it over your head on one finger while riding a unicycle, but when you put it down again, only the net effect of your gyrations can be observed. And the multiplication table for the group says that all your manipulations, no matter how acrobatic, can be replaced by a single symmetry operation—-either I, R, P or Y.
There is no golden rule hidden under the mattress.
Group Theory in the Garage
Not all household chores are as mathematically intractable as mattress flipping. In rotating the tires of a car, for example, it's easy to find a golden rule. One simple strategy says: Always rotate a quarter turn clockwise. In other words, move the right-front tire to the right-rear, move the right-rear tire to the left-rear, and so on. The analogous counterclockwise rule works just as well. In either case, when you repeat the process four times, the tires return to their original positions, each one having visited all four corners.
Why is tire rotation so different from mattress flipping? It is governed by a different group. The quarter-turn operations are elements of a group known as the cyclic 4-group, which describes the symmetries of a square that rotates in a plane (but cannot be lifted out of the plane and flipped over). The fundamental symmetry operations are turns of 0 degrees (the identity element), 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees. (Alternatively, the 270-degree turn could be described as a 90-degree rotation in the opposite direction.) The multiplication table for the cyclic 4-group is shown at left. The quarter-turn and three-quarter turn operations are golden-rule moves within this group: Repeatedly applying either of them cycles through all the orientations of the square.
The other group we have been discussing, the one associated with mattress flipping, is known as the Klein 4-group, after the German mathematician Felix Klein. This group describes the symmetries of a rectangular object rather than a square; moreover, the rectangle resides in three-dimensional space, so that it can be flipped over (or, equivalently, reflected in a mirror).
Comparing the multiplication tables for the two groups reveals an important similarity. Both tables are symmetrical with respect to the main diagonal (running from upper left to lower right). In other words, the symbol at row j and column k is invariably the same as the symbol at row k and column j. This implies that any two actions can be performed in either sequence with the same effect. For the mattress, a roll followed by a yaw is the same as a yaw followed by a roll. Groups with this property are said to be commutative, or Abelian, after the Norwegian mathematician Neils Henrik Abel.
It turns out that the cyclic 4-group and the Klein 4-group are the only groups with exactly four elements; there is just no other way to combine four operations and satisfy all the requirements of grouphood. But both of the four--element groups are embedded within a larger group, called S 4, which describes all possible permutations of four things. Taking group theory into the kitchen now, S 4is the group enumerating the ways to arrange a family of four at the breakfast table. The earliest riser can choose any of the four places; then the next person to get out of bed has three chairs available; the third person has two choices; and the last to arrive must take whatever's left. Thus the number of arrangements is 4 factorial (denoted 4!), equal to 4 x 3 x 2 x 1, or 24. The 24 elements of the group S 4are all the ways of reshuffling the seat assignments.
Among the 24 permutations, nine are derangements—they leave no person in the same chair. Except for the identity, all the elements of both the Klein 4-group and the cyclic 4-group are derangements. There are four more derangements in S 4, not members of either four-element group. These additional derangements provide further useful patterns for rotating tires—as shown in the illustration at left—but they still offer no help for the mattress problem.
A Silver Rule
The absence of a golden rule for mattress flipping is a disappointment, but it does not portend the demise of Western Civilization. We can adapt; we can learn to live with it.
Suppose you flip your mattress at regular intervals, but each time you choose an axis of rotation at random. This is clearly a less-than-optimal algorithm, but how large a penalty does it carry? Under the ideal rotation schedule, each orientation of the mattress would get 25 percent of the wear. A quick computer simulation shows that if you do random flips quarterly over a period of 10 years, the most-used orientation will get 31 percent of the wear and the least-used 19 percent. Except for those among us who suffer from a severe Princess-and-the-Pea complex, ±6 percent is probably good enough.
But we can do even better. We can cheat.
The no-golden-rule theorem for mattress flipping assumes that the surfaces of the mattress are unmarked, so that the four allowed configurations are indistinguishable. Everything changes if you label the surfaces. Specifically, suppose you go through the four possible orientations of the mattress and label each one with a number from the set 0, 1, 2, 3. You might place the labels so that in each configuration, one of these numbers is facing upward in the corner closest to the righthand side of the headboard. Given this labeling, the mattress-flipping algorithm calls for nothing more than counting. Each time you are ready to make a flip, you note the number that appears in the upper righthand corner, and calculate the successor of that number modulo 4. (In other words, you cycle through the sequence 0, 1, 2, 3 and then return to 0 again.) Turn the mattress in whatever way is necessary to bring the successor number into the upper-right position. The turn needed will not always be around the same axis, but the closure property of the group guarantees that you will always be able to bring the next number into position with a single flip around some axis.
The counting algorithm is not a golden rule, but perhaps it deserves to be called a silver one. As a practical matter, this solution is so simple that I would expect mattress makers to adopt it, by embossing numbers on their products. Some of the manufacturers require periodic flipping as a condition of maintaining a warranty, and they give complicated—often ambiguous—instructions on how to comply. Wouldn't it be easier just to count?
The algorithm can be simplified even further for those who can't count as high as 3. If a mattress had lengthwise stripes on one side and crosswise stripes on the other, you could cycle through the four states by always flipping parallel to the stripes. Another possibility is to somehow adapt to our purposes the label that reads "Do not remove this label." (Now there's a golden rule!)
Pillow Talk
I'm not a mathematician, but I've been hanging around with some of them long enough to know how the game is played. Once you've solved a problem, the next step is to generalize it beyond all recognition. There's a nerdy joke with the punchline, "Consider a spherical cow"; in the same spirit I ask, "Consider a cubical mattress."
A cube has a much higher order of symmetry than the generic orthotope of an ordinary mattress. Any of six faces can be turned uppermost for sleeping on, and each face has four orientations, so there are 24 states in all. (The group is S 4, the same group we encountered at the breakfast table and in the garage.) Is there a golden rule for flipping an unlabeled cubical mattress—a single maneuver that can be repeated 24 times to cycle through all the configurations? The answer is no, but I'll leave the proof of that fact as an exercise.
There is a silver rule for cubical mattress flipping: As with an ordinary mattress, if we label the configurations, we can step through them one by one by counting. But there is a subtle difference. On the ordinary mattress, there are six essentially different ways to label the configurations—six ways to arrange the numbers 0 through 3— but it doesn't matter which one you choose. With any arrangement of the numbers, you can always go from one state to the next in a single flip. For the cube, there are many more labelings (the exact number is 23!, or 25,852,016,738,884,976,640,000), and they are not all equal. When you tour all 24 states in numerical order, some labelings allow every transition to be accomplished by a simple quarter turn around the roll, the pitch or the yaw axis. Other labelings require more-complicated maneuvers—rotations around multiple axes (or, equivalently, around a diagonal). How many of the labelings fall into each category? Is there any simple rule that distinguishes the two classes?
If you have answered those questions and you still can't get to sleep, you are welcome to go on and consider a hyper-cubical mattress—one that takes the form of a cube in n-dimensional space, for some n greater than 3. The 4-D mattress has 24 square faces and 96 configurations.
As far as I know, neither Sealy nor Simmons nor anyone else is yet selling a four-dimensional mattress. As a matter of fact, the trend seems to be in the opposite direction. Mattress makers now promote the one-sided, "no-flip," mattress, whose only symmetry operation is a 180-degree turn around the yaw axis. This innovation finally gives us a golden rule for mattress flipping, but it solves the problem in a trivial, dull and unsatisfying way.
Still, there remain ways to increase the number of permutations, to provide opportunities for creative problem-solving, to make life more interesting. One could get married.
© Brian Hayes


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The Medical Center Sleep Center also performs pediatric sleep studies and tests for all sleep disorders in children. The Sleep Center can help with issues such as night terrors, nightmares, bed wetting, teeth grinding, and many others issues that affect children.


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This is the block for J as you can see it has a cluster with prima flowers, gingerbread and silver heart. Black dotted ribbon has been wrapped around the block and big bow added to the top.
If you look down in the left corner you can see that I have added spacers with tiny green pearls.
I have taken a wooden knob and painted it with acrylic paints sanded it and added it to the top of this block. I have added ribbons and star stick pin and candy cane charm, four sparkle domes in the corners.
I think that this one is my favorite. I love this cute little image with her sitting on her Christmas present. I have added prima flowers, silver star, gingerbread, a few pearls and ribbon to the front of the block. On the top I have made a cluster of prima roses.
All Sugar Nellie Stamps can be bought at Funky Kits.
big hugs, Janiel


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Apr 2, 2009
Just wanted to pop on and say hello. My name is Anabelle O'Malley and I'm so excited to be one of the new Tulip Girls. Tulips are actually my very favorite flowers in the world. I love that they are the first that bloom in the spring and I love their simplicity. That's why I think it's a perfect fit for me to be at Label Tulip! Oh, and the fact that I absolutely adore the kits contributes a bit to my excitement, too. ;)
I live in Delaware with my husband and my son. I've been scrapping for the last five years and absolutely love it. I guess you could call it an obsession! One of the things that I love most about this hobby is the connections I have been able to make with other scrappers onine. I don't have an LSS nearby and none of my 'real world' friends scrap. So, the friendships I've formed online have been great. I'm looking forward to getting to know everyone at Label Tulip and finding inspiration from you all.
I've also been lucky to work on the publication side of things. I've had cards published in Paper Crafts and Cards and my layouts have been found in Scrapbooks Etc., Scrapbook Trends, and Scrapbooks and Cards Today, to name a few. This past August, I found out that I was selected as one of the 2009 Memory Makers Masters, so my pages have been featured in this magazine this year! It's been an amazing experince.
I do have a life outside of scrapping, though. ;) Pre-Ryan I was a teacher (mostly first grade) and I taught for 16 years. Now, I work part time at the local university, but mostly spend time with Ryan and tackle the never ending laundry pile at home! He'll be going to school for a full day next fall, so I'm taking full advantage of the time I have left with him at home.
I could probably ramble on even more, but don't want to bore you to death! I'll leave you with one last thing. An image of my very favorite type of tulip.
Now it's your turn. Leave a comment by midnight Friday, April 3 telling me about your favorite kind of tulip or your favorite flower. I'll choose a winner from the comments and send out a little RAK. ;)
Thanks for stopping by! Have a wonderful day!
32 comments:
congrats! my favorite flower is the paperwhite...also simple, but with an amazing smell.
- April 2, 2009 at 4:19 AM
- scrappermimi said...
Big congrats to you! The spell of a Peony gets me every time!
- April 2, 2009 at 5:00 AM
- Danielle said...
Hey you! It was fun to read more about you! We don't have 1/2 day kindergarten here, so it will be a shock to my system when Kati starts school!
My favorite flower is a hydrangea - love them!
- April 2, 2009 at 5:59 AM
- Laurel said...
Congrats Annabelle! I'm with you I love white tulips! A close second is the lilac!
- April 2, 2009 at 6:10 AM
- Regan said...
woohoo- cant wait to see what you show us!!
My Fav flower is the calla lily
- April 2, 2009 at 6:53 AM
- scrapcat said...
congrats on making the team!
my fave flower is the peony :)
- April 2, 2009 at 7:04 AM
My absolute fave flower to cut is lilac, but I love tulips in my garden, especially the pink ones. I am not crazy about them cut though, I don't like the way they droop, lol
- April 2, 2009 at 7:14 AM
- AnnaMarie said...
Soo glad you're here, I lurk on your blog! :) Congrats on being a new Tulip Girl, I am so looking forward to seeing more of your work! :) There is a BIG tulip festival each year here in MI that I am hoping we can actually get to this year - we love tulips in our household, as well as sunflowers and roses. :)
- April 2, 2009 at 7:24 AM
- kelli said...
I love, love, love the "Queen of the Night" Tulip. Dark, velvety, and totally unexpected.
I can't wait to see what you bring :)
- April 2, 2009 at 8:48 AM
- jen said...
i love the double tulips, which tend to look like roses.
- April 2, 2009 at 9:47 AM
- Leslie Ashe said...
I love getting to know you more Anabelle!! Guess what? I LOVE tulip's too! They're my absolute FAVE. I love them all...especially the pink ones!
so glad you're here!
- April 2, 2009 at 9:48 AM
- HL0517 said...
my favorite flower is the peony - I wish they grew down in the south because they are soo gorgeous.
- April 2, 2009 at 9:48 AM
- angie gutshall said...
So glad to meet you. My favorite flower is a gerber daisy.
- April 2, 2009 at 9:54 AM
- Jennifer said...
Welcome to Label Tulip Annabelle! So exited to see your work!
I love all flowers - since lots represent different times of my life or about life in general. My crocuses, daffodils and dogwood tree bloom in the spring. I just love the smell of jasmine too. When my clematis blooms in my archway I just love to sit under it and watch the sunlight filter through. Roses, mostly odd colors - purple, orange, yellows, are some of my favorite. And in the fall love to have a bouquet of daisies and mums.
Have a wonderful day!
- April 2, 2009 at 10:56 AM
I just love the scent of Lilies and they last much longer than a typical cut flower. More time to enjoy! thanks for the giveaway....exciting stuff!
- April 2, 2009 at 11:58 AM
- Rach H said...
hey Annabelle!
welcome to LT. Can't wait to see your fab creations in the gallery.
Well my fav flower is tulips as well.......but it has to be yellow!! Nothing like a little bit of sunshine in your garden!!
- April 2, 2009 at 12:29 PM
I adore flowers of all sorts! Tulips are pretty high on the list, but my absolute favorite flower is the Tiger Lily!
- April 2, 2009 at 1:22 PM
It depends on the season, but my favorite spring flower is definitely the tulip--red is the color of choice! Squirrels and deer eat them here so I have to buy them at the grocery store!
- April 2, 2009 at 7:02 PM
- Sophia said...
Congrats to you!! I love tulips, the yellow ones but alas! It's difficult to get them in Singapore and once I did receive them but the petals opened out too wide due to the humidity!
My 2nd favourite flower has got to be the Lily... I just love the serene and classy feel/look to them! Not to mention my then-bf-now-DH gave me lilies on our first date (coz I'm not a rose type of gal)
- April 2, 2009 at 7:29 PM
- Lisa said...
My favorite flower is the daffodil--they are so happy and when I see them I know that spring is coming! Congrats on becoming an LT girl! :)
- April 2, 2009 at 7:58 PM
- Whozz Me???... said...
I lurveeeeeeeeeee Tulips...... in Brunei its hard to get Tulips not unless its the season and most likely get dem during Chinese New Year.... but re-potting is def a no no... not rite for the weather....
My other likings... cabbage flowers and the gerber daisies.....
- April 2, 2009 at 7:58 PM
- Sophia said...
Congrats to you...
My flower would be the yellow tulip, love it's beauty.
- April 2, 2009 at 11:41 PM
- Cathy said...
Welcome to Label Tulip Annabelle!! Happy to hear that Tulip is your favorite flower! Yay!! Other than tulip, I love Peony in pink color!
- April 2, 2009 at 11:43 PM
- Kimberly said...
Congrats Anabelle! My favorite flower is the Gardenia and Daisy.
- April 3, 2009 at 3:11 AM
- Svala said...
Love the tulips that look like roses, pink with a shot of green in them, don't know what they are called. I've tried growing them in my garden but no luck yet. I also love clematis but they struggle to bloom here in Ice(cold)land. Congrats on you CT spot, love your work.
- April 3, 2009 at 4:33 AM
- Anna Sigga said...
Congrats on being a Tulip girl - I know you are gonna rick the kits!!
My fav flowers are orange roses and light pink tulips!!
- April 3, 2009 at 5:56 AM
I am generally allergic to flowers and their perfume, but when I do get flowers it is always a TULIP or the Gerber daisy... I prefer the flowers only - no greenery and a smart simple vase!
love to garden, but need drugs to do it!!! LOL
- April 3, 2009 at 6:49 AM
- maddeco said...
My favorite flower is the Gardenia.....the smell is so fragrant....it is also my Grandmother's favorite.
- April 3, 2009 at 1:30 PM
- pattyo said...
My favorite flower is the wisteria, although it only blooms for a short time. I love all flowers especially wild flowers.
- April 3, 2009 at 4:25 PM
- Stephanie Baxter said...
Tulips are my favourite! Especially pink ones or yellow ones!
- April 4, 2009 at 1:29 AM
- Playing with Dandelions said...
Well, as my blog's name suggest, DANDELIONS is definitely my favorite flower. Till now, its such a wonder to see this tiny piece of flower going along with the wind and being strong enough to withstand it! :)
- April 4, 2009 at 1:29 AM
- Kimberly said...
I am so looking forward to knowing you more here at LT! What fun to read more about you too...and how fun that I share the same love of tulips with you...They are my all time favorite flower!
- April 9, 2009 at 12:29 PM


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2018 CJJ National DMC Conference
"Claiming The Future: Uniting To End Disparities"
Nov. 27-30, 2018
Baltimore Marriott Waterfront
700 Aliceanna Street
Baltimore, MD 21202
Every two years, CJJ hosts a conference focusing specifically on the issue of disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in the juvenile justice system. These conferences give juvenile justice stakeholders from around the country an opportunity to share strategies and explore solutions to this serious problem. This year's conference will bring together stakeholders working to fight disparities at the local, state, and national levels, as well as the larger juvenile justice community.
CJJ's 2018 National DMC Conference will focus on ways that young people and their communities, as well as law enforcement, court officials, advocacy groups, and State Advisory Groups can work together to combat racial and ethnic disparities (RED). Specifically, the conference will focus on:
The primary goal of CJJ's 2018 National DMC Conference is to help system stakeholders--including policymakers and state DMC Coordinators--combat DMC through peer-to-peer learning, and expert training. Workshop sessions will provide participants a hands-on opportunity to explore solutions that have been shown to work in other jurisdictions.
Join the Coalition for Juvenile Justice in Baltimore, Md., for the 2018 DMC Conference! This year's conference will take place at the Baltimore Marriott Waterfront and will explore ways communities and states can achieve the goal of "Claiming the Future: Uniting to End Disparities". Click here to view a draft agenda.
For more information or to register, please visit https://www.juvjustice.org/2018-dmc-conference
A great deal of theoretical and empirical work has established that gender is one of the strongest, and most persistent, correlates of criminal offending and victimization. This association holds across time and across space. Additionally, gender and gendered views can shape law making itself, influencing the criminalization and stigmatization of behaviors, which can further integrate gendered cultural structures and offending. Simply, if one wants to understand crime (be it offending, victimization, or criminalization), one must understand its gendered nature. [...]
For further reading, please follow the link to the Special Issue Website at: http://www.mdpi.com/si/socsci/Gender_Crime_Criminal_Justice
The submission deadline is 30 December 2018. You may send your manuscript now or up until the deadline. Submitted papers should not be under consideration for publication elsewhere. We also encourage authors to send a short abstract or tentative title to the Editorial Office in advance (email@example.com).
Social Sciences is fully open access. Open access (unlimited and free access by readers) increases publicity and promotes more frequent citations, as indicated by several studies. Open access is supported by the authors and their institutes. We are very pleased to announce that Social Sciences has been accepted for funding by the Knowledge Unlatched initiative (http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org). The Article Processing Charges (350 CHF) for papers published in the journal are fully covered via the Knowledge Unlatched crowd-funding mechanism. Please note this is a pilot program experimenting ways to support authors in the humanities and social sciences fields publishing in open access format.
For further details on the submission process, please see the instructions for authors at the journal website (http://www.mdpi.com/journal/socsci/instructions).
Calls for Submissions to a Special Issue of the
International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice
Making Rights Real: Rights Protection for Crime Victims
Special Issue Editors: Prof. Paul Cassell, Dr. Robyn Holder, A/Prof. Tyrone Kirchengast
Since the 1985 UN Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, countries have legislated to recognize the special status of victims within criminal procedures and to set out the basic obligations of police, prosecutors, courts, and corrections to respond. Alongside legislated legal reforms, civil society groups have pressed for greater recognition of and protections for specific victimized populations to enable access to justice. At their introduction, rights instruments were faulted as soft law and lacking enforcement provisions. Rights for victims, it was said, were not 'real'. However, while there have been advances in many areas, there has been no comprehensive compilation of scholarship on contemporary practice in the promotion, protection, and enforcement of rights for crime victims.
The Special Issue of the International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice (IJCACJ) aims to fill this gap in the academic literature by bringing together research on these dispersed activities in one volume. It will comprise a comprehensive and comparative review of existing crime victims' regimes, critical reflection on their efficacy, and suggestions for future reforms. Contributors from different countries and different legal systems are invited to submit articles (6000 words) that are conceptual and/or empirical. Data-driven pieces may be quantitative or qualitative or mixed. The Special Issue will pay particular attention to existing practices with a view to influencing future policy and law reform. In order to paint this comprehensive but pragmatic picture, contributions will examine (but not be limited to):
· Strategic litigation
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Contributions should be submitted directly to the IJCACJ through ScholarOne with the subject line as Special Issue: Victim Rights. Each article will be reviewed by 'blind' peer assessors selected by the IJCACJ in their usual process. Guest editors will offer a preliminary review of contributions. Publication is not automatic. Contributions for the special issue will comply with the IJCACJ guidelines. The deadline for all contributions is 1st March 2019 with a view to online publication in December 2019.
Further information is available at:


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Yep ... it happened.
Kirstie Alley had to pick herself up off the ground last night after Maksim Chmerkovskiy suffered a "charlie horse" type pain that made his leg give out.
Kirstie eventually forgave Maksim -- tweeting after the show, "I salute u... U r a gladiator .... A champion... I'm honored to be your partner."
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People are disappearing in Christchurch. Cooper Riley, a psychology professor, doesn't make it to work one day. Emma Green, one of his students, doesn't make it home. When ex-cop Theodore Tate is released from a six-month prison stint, he's asked by Green's father to help find Emma. After all, Tate was in jail for nearly killing her in a DWI accident the year before, so he owes him. Big time. What neither of them know, however, is that a former mental patient is holding her captive as part of his growing collection of serial killer souvenirs. Now he has acquired the ultimate collector's item—an actual killer.
Meanwhile, clues keep pulling Tate back to Grover Hills, the mental institution that closed down three years ago. Very bad things happened there over the years. Those who managed to survive would prefer keeping their memories buried. Tate has no choice but to unearth Grover Hills' dark past if there is any chance of finding Emma Green and Cooper Riley alive.
"New Zealander Cleave marks the return of PI Theodore Tate, last seen in 2009's Cemetery Lake, in a pulse-pounding serial killer thriller. Soon after Tate is released after serving four months in the slammer for a drunk driving accident that seriously injured a 17-year-old girl, a former Christchurch police colleague asks him to help track a murderer known as Melissa X, who's been targeting men in uniform. Donovan Green, Tate's former lawyer, also approaches him. Donovan wants Tate to find his daughter, Emma, who happens to be the girl Tate nearly killed in the accident. Emma's disappearance is connected with the abduction of a college psychology professor of hers, Cooper Riley. The city of Christchurch becomes a modern equivalent of James Ellroy's Los Angeles of the 1950s, a discordant symphony of violence and human weakness. Cleave tosses in a number of twists that few readers will anticipate, but the book's real power lies in the complexity of its characters, particularly the emotionally tortured Tate." Publisher Weekly


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While in the Park, experience activities such as flightseeing, rafting, kayaking, hiking and guided park tours. Shopping and restaurants are available from Healy to Cantwell. Visitors to the park often spot brown bears, moose, caribou, Dall sheep, wolves, and other wildlife. Many opportunities exist for photographing the wildlife and this awe-inspiring mountain which towers above the Alaska Mountain Range.
Be sure and include Denali National Park on your next Alaska vacation.
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Buick LeSabre Starting/Stalling Problems
I have a 1992 buick lesabre limited and it has lately been acting up. when you press on the accelerator it surges and makes it hard to get up a hill. It also stalls when you are idling and not moving for example waiting at a traffic light. The service engine soon light is almost always on and I haven't been driving it because it isn't safe or dependable on the road. If you have any info on how I can fix it please tell me.
Thanks :confuse:
See Also
Edmunds Answers: Le Sabre Engine Issues
Thanks :confuse:
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Edmunds Answers: Le Sabre Engine Issues
kcwolfpack59 Posts: 122I had a 92 Olds which is the same basic car as yours. Mine did the same thing and it was the coil packs. However, I urge you to take it to a garage so they can check it out. It can be about anything.0
I purchased a 94 with 140k on it a few months back. It's a FL car and in super shape. But it has a funny misfire, sometimes very subtle and sometimes very hard, almost a "bucking", for lack of a better term, and the engine light comes on but will go back off if I shut the car off and start it again. It's even begun stalling every now and then at a traffic light but always starts right back up like nothing happened. It happens at different times; when the engine is cold, when it's hot, when I'm cruising down the highway, when I'm driving in the city, when I accelerate, when I'm stopped at a light. I can't connect the misfire with any given driving condition.
I've replaced the plugs and wires, air and fuel filters, changed the oil, repaired a leaking vacuum line to the fuel pressure regulator and replaced the crank sensor. I've run a bottle of dry gas through the tank, thinking that maybe some condensation built up from sitting while it was for sale. And a bottle of fuel injector cleaner as well. Nothing has seemed to make the slightest bit of difference.
Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.0
Get a full scan done to see if the code is in memory, many issues can cause this, bad wire, plug, coil, too lean a mixture, a bad injector and others also. An intermittent or dirty maf can also cause this, again a full scan by a knowledgeable tech should show something.0
Thanks d,
I have to apologize, I left out the part about the scan.
A very close friend of mine owns and runs a shop where I have my work done, or do myself if the job is not too hard. The day I brought it in to replace the crank sensor, about 2 months ago, he tried to read the code and could not. I guess in 94 GM installed a newer type of connection in the car where you plug in the reader (under the dash) however the newer reader won't connect to the car. I mean it plugs in of course but the reader doesn't acknowledge the vehicle. We searched for the older style reader connection under the dash and under the hood and could not find one.0
A professional scanner will read this transitional year obd system, Snapon 2500 for one or Actron 9145, you really need the codes here.0
sizzman Posts: 2I am working on 1995 Buick LeSabre. It will run ok for awhile, but then it stalls and is hard to start. Recent work on it was a normal tune up, Spark plugs, wires, gas filter, and air filter. I even dropped the gas tank and cleaned it out. Also, when I rev the engine, I can not get it to go over 4000 rpms. It seems like it gets too much gass or air and starts to choke out until it gets back down to 3500 rpms. I have also cleaned out the port injectors. The check engine light comes on, but Autozone states that there computer reader only does 1996 and newer vehicles. Any ideas on the problem?? Any help is appreciated!!0
classicbuff Posts: 18I'm wondering if the problem isn't fuel related. I had a GM that was hard to start when hot (you had to floor the gas pedal) and it turned out to be the fuel pressure regulstor, which, I'm told, is a common GM problem. A weak fuel pump could "starve"the engine above a certain RPM. There's tests for both of them. How about posting what the answer is when you find out?0
davidrc3 Posts: 1i just bought a 95 lesabre and it runs great, but has one maddening problem. it won't start sometimes unl;ess it's been inused for about at least 4 hours. i mean if it's left overnight, it fires right up, after work, it fires right up, but if i go anywhere, and i'm only there for an hour or two. it may not start at all when i come back. it turns over line normal, it just won't fire up. any suggestions?0
guest Posts: 770I'm not a mechanic, so take my advice with a grain of salt. When the car won't start, I would pum the gas pedal while it's cranking, to see if the problem is fuel relatd, or ignition(see above). I've heard of problems when the ignition module is hot, also. Good luck!0
You have to determine if it's fuel or spark.
You can try listening for the fuel pump to prime for two seconds when you turn the key to on without turning it to start. You can do that three times as a way to check if the backflow valve isn't holding pressure after the engine is turned off; three times rebuilds pressure completely in the fuel line.
You can check for spark by using a spare plug and putting the spark plug wire from the car on it and laying the plug on something solidly attached, grounded, to the motor. Have someone turn key and see if you get spark.
Pumping the accelerator pedal doesn't do anything in this day of fuel injection. If you think the car is flooded, hold pedal to the floor while cranking, otherwise keep foot off of gas pedal. The days of carburators have different algorithms for troubleshooting.
You would be able to smell gas at the exhaust pipe if you were flooded.
You may have an electronic spark control part failing when warm. You may have a crankshaft position sensor or cam position sensor failing. How many miles are on the car?
The last two guesses are from what I've reach in a Bonneville discussion of higher mileage failures that are odd in behavior, making them difficult to troubleshoot with codes.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
wingnut691983 Posts: 3Hi!
I have been looking for a place to get some help for a 'do it yourselfer' who doesnt want to pour a lot of cash into a 13 year old car. We had a really rainy day last week and one road that I go through to get home from work had a substantial amount of water over it, after going through it (i was probably going 20 or so) I went about 200 feet and the sucker stalled out. After that it would not start, i sat there for 10 minutes or so and then it would start and run fora bout 3 seconds and then stall out. It did that several times. Since the last time it did that it has not started since and will only crank.
A buddy of mine and I looked at it today, we found that the plugs are not sparking. Took one out and cranked it and nothing. The wires and all are fine. Suspected the coil packs, took them off and took them to auto zone and they tested out fine. The guy at autozone said we might want to check the camshaft sensor which is one the side of the engine down by one of the pulley wheels, said if that gets water in it it will not work and will not spark.
To "test" that would be 36 bucks for a new one and have never replaced that before so am not even sure I can do it myself so I would like to have some semblance of it being a good idea before I do that. Obviously it wont start so if i need to take it someplace I will have to have it towed. (I was 3 miles away from home so a friend pulled it back to my house with his truck)
Anyone have any suggestions? Thanks! :sick:0
msutton Posts: 1I have a 99 lesabre with less than 80,000 miles that just stop running. It was fine when I cranked it in the morning and 2 hours later would not turn over. Could it be a starter problem or water in the crankcase? It does not sound like a starter problem to me. It seems to be based more in the engine. It also misfired before it quit cranking altogether. Help!0
When starting my buick after 5 minutes I touched the hose to the radiator from the thermostat and it don't have any pressure. Then I pushed the gas pedal and it stalled.0
How's the battery state of charge? Has battery been replaced since the car was new? You're way past due if not.
Do the lights dim when you turn the key? Does the battery voltage drop below the orange line on the voltmeter while cranking or belw 10 volts on a digital readout?
Have you removed and cleaned both battery cables to get off corrosion? Have you cleaned both of the positive cables that piggyback onthe post. Check between them for corrosion and get bare clean metal contact. Check the short lead that grounds on the fender next to the battery. Check the lead at starter for corrosion.
I'd go with the easiest first. The cables and corrosion have given lots of people trouble. Your mileage is too low for crank position sensor problems and cam sensor.
Oh wait. When you put the key in, does the security light come on for 10 seconds and then go off or does it flash? Does it go off after 3 minutes. Could be the VATS system not reading the key chip...
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
What is the VATS system? The battery and cables are all good. I drove it last night a short distance and as long as you only push the gas slightly the car will keep going, but if you put any kind of pressure on the gas pedal it will stall.0
Antitheft system in the key using a resistor chip. The lock cylinder has two contacts that rub the key on the chip contacts and measure the resistance using a small circuit board in the glovebox area. If the resistance is within parameters from the original setting when the circuit was installed at the factory, the circuit sends Okay signals to the drivetrain computer telling it is okay to operate the starter and the fuel injectors.
Otherwise the car waits three minutes for a new key to be tried and hopefully get a good reading indicating a real key for the car is inserted.
If your car is running badly, it needs to be checked. I'm surprised the SES light isn't on. You could have low fuel pressure (fuel filter clogged?), fuel pump going out, you could be in limp mode--but it will not stall above a certain pedal amount, it just doesn't run great so you can get the car home for repair.
Yours sounds like you need someone with a TechII that can read the codes and who knows how to diagnose the problem--not just the circuit and sensor involved and replace parts without understanding what's happening.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
Engine does turn over. It will even drive, if you push the gas ever so lightly because as soon as you push it with any pressure it stalls. And when the car is running there is no flow in the hose from the thermostat to the radiator. Is there supposed to be something moving through that hose?0
That only opens to flow when the thermostat opens and lets hot water out of the motor to go back to the radiator. That happens when the thermostat water around it gets to 190 deg. F. approx. The motor recirculates water through the heater and probably an internal bypass when the water's not going through the radiator.
If the motor idles for 10 minutes it may start getting hot enough to send water back to the radiator--depends on outside temp.
The touchy throttle could be a throttle position sensor on the air intake. It changes resistance as you push down on the throttle and tells the computer how much air you're giving the engine so it can adjust the gas flow. But the piece needs to be tested to see if it's not making contact at certain points along its movement before replacing. It works like a rheostat for you dimmer on a light in the house.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
:blush: Thank you very much. The throttle position sensor was the problem. Now the car runs great.0
toddcrowther Posts: 3My 1989 Buick with the 3800 is hunting for idle, and idling low it sometimes stalls when accelerating during the hunting. This only seems to happen after the car is warmed up.Error code is 34 (Check vacuum and electrics for MAF sensor). The MAF is pretty new. New plugs and wires. I have noticed when the AC is on, the engine doesn't increase the RPM slightly like it used to do before this problem. It runs nicely as long as my foot is on the gas, but won't idle properly. Is there a way to test the throttle position sensor and the idle control motor? What else could this problem be. I don't suspect fuel pressure problems because the car runs well, except at idle. I would appreciate any suggestions or ideas.0
jyvette Posts: 1I own a 1995 Buick Lesabre which has been pretty dependable. It has been in the garage for about a week and today I was going to drive it to work but, it wouldn't start. All the panel lights came on and when I tried to start it I heard a clicking noise but the engine didn't turn over at all.
This buick has about 160,000 miles on it. I replaced the starter about three years ago, changed the valve cover gaskets last year and had the oil pan gasket replaced about 1 month ago. Regular maintenace items also.
What do you think I should try first, jumpstarting?0
Mr_Shiftright Sonoma, CaliforniaPosts: 64,482Yep dead battery or bad battery cables.
Clean up the cables on the battery post if you see corrosion, then jump start it but DON'T let the alternator do the work of re-charging the battery. Either take it to a station for a slow charge or better yet go buy yourself an inexpensive charger and let it trickle charge the dead battery overnight.
Please observe safety precautions when jump starting the car.
MODERATOR --Need help with anything? Click on my name!0
I have a 94 Buick Park Ave. Tests show that I need to replace the fuel pump. In looking up replacements, there are two different types, CAC and CRC according to what is stamped on the connector. So, I'll bring in the old pump to compare. Any tips on doing this job with minimum of work. All pressure is off and both fuel lines are disconnected. Is it worth snipping a hole in the trunk floor above the pump for removal and then fabbing a simple patch panel? It just seems it might be little easier than dropping the tank. Thanks in advance.0
persuazion Posts: 4I have a 99 buick lesabre with 50,000 miles on it and I have noticed when Im at a red light I can feel the car starting to stall but it never does.This is bad especially at night and I can see the headlights dimming from it.It used to do it while only in drive but I have noticed it starting to happen in park too.Also the other day my car would not start at all....wouldnt even turn over.So I wiggled the red cable a little bit even though it was tight and it started right up.What could be causing this.I have some washers inbetween the post and cables to keep the cables tight.Could they be causing this.I dont see any corrosion.THe inside of the cables look kinda greyish white on the ends.I had to take the rubber connector cover off to hook up my ampwire.0
YOu should take off both the positive and negative cables. Clean them completely. The positive has a washer between the two cables that bolt to that post. Clean completely.
You mentioned an amp. It's possible your amperage load from an amplified is loading the motor too much.
Another possibility is coking up around the throttle butterfly valve. You can take off the rubber connector that leads the air into the throttle body. Then take of the snapring that holds the honeycomb filter in place. Carefully remove honeycomb, I used two paper clips bent as hooks, and then with a piece of wood and cloth use intake cleaner from a spray can onto the cloth to clean the black soot from around the throttle body interior and the butterfly valve itself. Mine had gotten so I could feel it let go when it would sit overnight and I'd press on the pedal slowly. It disrupts the ability of the air bleed that opens and closes to adjust the idle speed because it' calibrated for a certain air flow rate around the throttle platewhen fully closed. Gum that up and th idle control solenoid can't open up enough at times to bleed enough air
Some people remove the whole throttle body to do the cleaning. don't use a brush, the fibers can come out because of the solvent. Be sure to get air intake that says it's safe for catalytic converters. Some carburetor type cleaners aren't.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
For others contemplating this.... It is possible to cut a hole and expose the top of the tank. However, to remove the pump, it would have to be a very long hole or the three solid lines to the pump would have to be cut and flared and joined by short pieces of high pressure line and clamps. Probably not worth the trouble. And the floor would have to be patched back up. However, the 99 Park Aves were made with an access panel and designed to be removed from the top of the trunk floor.0
A neighbor replaced his 95 MonteCarlo pump. He placed jackstands under the rear of the car. Removed the bolts on two straps holding the tank. Supported the tank with a small hydraulic jack to lower it and the 5 gallons of fuel in it. A neighbor who had done these before helped and guided. I helped with the lowering and getting the tank back up.
The caveat is many people say to buy GM pumps only. There has been trouble with some aftermarket pumps. It's a job I'd only want to do once. The Monte had 85K mi. It had been run low on fuel all the time after the guy inherited it from his father.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
joho4241 Posts: 4I have a 2001 Buick Lasabre that will not start.. it just makes a clicking sound when I try to start it and the panel light all come on when I turn the igition on.. I have bought a new a new battery and it still does the same.. put the old battery back in an put a charger on it.. after awhile I tried to start it with the charger in the boost position.. it started,but when I turned it off it would not start again.. It has started several times now in the boost position.. but will no start on its on..any ideas0
Could be a bad starter.
But you need to go through the battery cables completely to be sure connections are not corroded and are tight. that includes the grounds and at the starter.
It could be low voltage from the battery not applying the solenoid enough that engages the gear and starts the cranking.
Park with headlights on where you can see them as in a garage. Turn key. If the click occurs and the lights don't dim as if under load, you may have bad solenoid or bad cable. If the lights are dimmed because the starter is drawing lots of amps while the key is urned to start but nothings happening may be the starter is defective, old, bad, gone.
The fact that it starts with the charger on boost makes me suspicious of the battery having a bad cell shorting out giving low voltage without the extra power from the boost.
2015 Cruze 2LT, 2014 Malibu 2LT, 2008 Cobalt 2LT0
beaumont Posts: 1This is a beautiful car and I love it. When there is mist on the windshield the silly thing won't start. It sounds like it wants to but it won't. A few hours later, when the mist is gone, the thing starts right up and runs like a champ! It seems to happen more when it is misty out than when it is straight out raining. We've even sprayed the engine with a hose (in the middle of the day) and it starts right up. I'm pulling my hair out and my wife isn't too happy about this turn of events (with the Buick). The hair loss I can handle! Any help? [please email me directly at [email protected] if you're able to. thanks!]0


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Robinsons Place Iligan Cinema Schedules
Find out the current cinema schedules of the different movies now showing at Robinsons Place Iligan Cinema, including the movie Eerie. If you can't find the right movie or schedule for you at this cinema, try searching Flixseats for other cinemas in Iligan City.
Didn't find the perfect movie or schedule at this cinema? Try other nearby cinemas in the area.
Every one of us at Flixseats aims to provide accurate and up to date movie screening schedules of your favorite cinema.
However, this cinema is operated by Robinsons Movieworld and is not affiliated with Flixseats. It is possible that the cinema operator will make last minute changes in their screening schedules that will not reflect automatically on Flixseats.


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Emerich Honored by Select Sires as 2013 Genetic Consultant of the Year
PLAIN CITY, Ohio, June 19, 2013 - Jerry Emerich of Select Sire Power was honored as the Select Mating Service™ (SMS™) genetic consultant of the year in front of an audience of his peers at Select Sires' national SMS Genetic Consultant Conference held in Visalia, Calif., on May 6-9, 2013.
This national award is presented annually to genetic consultants who exemplify the qualities that make SMS known throughout the world as the premier mating program in the industry to assist dairy producers in developing genetic business plans. The recipient must have several years of superior service, a history of high-quality evaluations and the ability to build and maintain successful relationships with dairy producers.
"It is refreshing to watch Jerry as he consults with dairy producers and explains the value of making every mating the best it can be," says Norman Vincel, general manager, Select Sire Power. "His knowledge of our bulls, our programs and our resources are useful in educating our employees and customers. His customers appreciate his thoroughness as they always have up-to-date mating information and the latest sire information."
Emerich was born and raised on a dairy farm in western Ohio and attended The Ohio State University where he received a bachelor's degree in dairy science. Jerry began working for Select Sires Inc. as a sales representative in Minnesota after graduating. He then worked for nine years in international marketing at Select Sires Inc., making corrective matings for Select Sires customers in Latin America and Canada. In 1993, Emerich moved to the northeastern part of the country to develop the Program for Genetic Advancement™ (PGA™) and SMS markets. He continued to provide SMS services to Latin American customers for several years.
Currently, he serves as a SMS genetic consultant for Select Sire Power, working with five sales representatives and numerous technicians in New England and eastern New York. He is also the beef specialist in the Northeast, drawing upon his personal experience and knowledge as an owner of purebred Angus.
Emerich has served as treasurer of the New England Jersey Breeders' Association for the past 13 years and recently served as the finance chair for the 2012 American Jersey Cattle Association Annual Meeting in North Conway, N.H. He is a past president of the Vermont Angus Association and was recently elected to the New York Beef Producers' Association board of directors. He and his wife, Wanda along with their daughter, Katarina, raise Angus and Jersey cattle in Mooers, N.Y.
Based in Plain City, Ohio, Select Sires Inc. is North America's largest A.I. organization and is comprised of nine farmer-owned and -controlled cooperatives. As the industry leader, it provides highly fertile semen as well as excellence in service and programs to achieve its basic objective of supplying dairy and beef producers with North America's best genetics at a reasonable price.


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Two People In Australia Are $20 Million Richer
Two people in Australia are sat on $20 million each, and they are yet to claim their prize!
The two winners are from Victoria and New South Wales and are lucky enough to take home half of the money each.
As yet, nobody has come forward to claim their prize, so everyone in both states is being urged to check their tickets ASAP to stop them missing out on the life-changing sum of money.
If you want to check your ticket, the numbers are in drawn order: 21, 5, 32, 15, 45, 36 and 1.
Supplementary numbers (drawn order): 31 and 9.


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Ivy Renfroe named USA Softball National Collegiate Player of the Week
OKLAHOMA CITY --- Ivy Renfroe (Jackson, Tenn.) is the USA Softball Collegiate Player of the Week for March 4-10, the Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America and USA Softball announced today. The Tennessee senior played a key role in helping the then-No. 10 Lady Vols take two wins over then-No. 2 Alabama last week.
"It truly means a lot and I just want to give all the glory to the Lord," said Renfroe. "I want to thank my team also for backing me up on defense and making great plays behind me."
On the week, Renfroe went 2-0 with a .68 ERA and eight strikeouts over 10.1 innings against Alabama. She tossed one inning of relief to earn the win in game one of the series and threw seven strong innings with seven strikeouts to earn the win in game two. In Sunday's final game, she tossed 2.1 scoreless innings of relief.
"We are very proud of Ivy," said Tennessee Co-Head Coach Karen Weekly. "She performed outstanding in the circle against one of the top offensive programs in the nation. She was a key to our series win."
This marks the first time this season that a Tennessee athlete has garnered Player of the Week honors and the eighth-consecutive season a Lady Vol has been selected. The last Tennessee athlete to earn Player of the Week was Raven Chavanne for her efforts in Week 12 of last season. Up next for the No. 7 Lady Vols is a home match-up against Winthrop before heading to Gainesville, Fla. for a three-game conference series against No. 3 Florida.
2013 USA Softball National Collegiate Players of the Week
Week 1 (Feb. 7-10): Keilani Ricketts - Oklahoma - Senior - Pitcher– San Jose, Calif.
Week 2 (Feb. 11-17): BB Bates – UCLA – Senior – Outfield – Victorville, Calif.
Week 3 (Feb. 18-24): Mel Dumezich – Texas A&M – Senior – Pitcher – Whiting, Ind.
Week 4 (Feb. 25- March 3): Katie Keller – Louisville – Junior – Second Base –Livermore, Calif.
Week 5 (March 4-10): Ivy Renfroe – Tennessee – Senior – Pitcher – Jackson, Tenn.
About ASA
The Amateur Softball Association, founded in 1933, is the National Governing Body of softball in the United States and a member of the United States Olympic Committee. The ASA has become one of the nation's largest sports organizations and now sanctions competition in every state through a network of 76 local associations. The ASA has grown from a few hundred teams in the early days to over 210,000 teams today, representing a membership of more than three million. For more information on the ASA, visit http://www.asasoftball.com/.
About USA Softball
USA Softball is the brand created, operated and owned by the ASA that links the USA Men's, Women's, Junior Boys' and Junior Girls' National Team programs together. USA Softball is responsible for training, equipping and promoting these four National Teams to compete in international and domestic competitions. The USA Softball Women's National Team is one of the only two women's sports involved in the Olympic movement to capture three consecutive gold medals at the Olympic Games since 1996. The U.S. women have also won nine World Championship titles including the last seven consecutive as well as claimed six World Cup of Softball titles. For more information about USA Softball, please visit http://www.usasoftball.com/.
About the NCAA Women's College World Series
The ASA Hall of Fame Stadium serves as the home to the NCAA Women's College World Series (WCWS). For the 23rd year, the top eight college teams in the nation will head to Oklahoma City and complete for a National Championship title. Last year, over 75,000 fans attended the WCWS. Experience It Live May 30 to June 5 in Oklahoma City. Tickets for the 2013 NCAA WCWS are on sale now, click here to purchase your tickets and make a date with champions!


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87 Comments
Justin Bieber Attacks A Camerman At 7-11! Is He Heading For A Breakdown?
Biebs sure has been acting out lately. We hope he can handle the pressures of his new high-profile relationship!
We were shocked when we saw seemingly sweet Justin Bieber whip out his middle finger for the cameras while out with Selena Gomez — but that wasn't the only out-of-character move from Biebs this week. A new video has hit the web of Justin and Selena at a 7-11, and when a camerawoman gets a little too close for comfort, he attacks her!
Despite the outbursts, however, Justin swears he's the same Biebs we know and love.
"The lady in the store was paparazzi not a fan," Justin tweeted March 3. "I would never mistreat my fans. ill never change. ill always be the same. #ipromise."


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Printer Friendly Version
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Once more, the Ahtisaari Days will be celebrated in November. In schools, the goal is to increase awareness about conflict prevention and mediation both at the international level and within the school community.
Held now for the third time, the Ahtisaari Days have already become part of the curriculum in many schools, from the lower grades of comprehensive school to general upper secondary education. One example of an interesting way to learn about mediation is to invite students to play the Kurkum conflict resolution role play produced by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. The game, designed for upper secondary schools, encourages students to think about conflicts, crises, peace and mediation.
The idea of the role play is for the negotiators to work out a solution to a conflict in the imaginary country of Kurkum and to practise negotiation skills in situations imitating real life. During the game, students step into the shoes of, say, the Government of Kurkum, the negotiator, or a non-governmental organisation working at a refugee camp. The aim is that, through their roles, students understand the complexity of various conflicts and the reasons why the resolution of conflicts and crises both between and within states involves many types of challenges.
During the Ahtisaari Days held in past years, Minister for Foreign Affairs Erkki Tuomioja and Minister for International Development Heidi Hautala have visited Finnish upper secondary schools to play the game with students. The Ministers have, for instance, given the players tips on how to find a common compromise during the negotiations. Every game played has proved to be unique, because the dynamics between the students and the roles have led to a different outcome each time.
The Kurkum negotiations game has now been translated into English. The game materials can be downloaded freely for use in teaching among students of different ages.
Questions about the Ahtisaari Days and the role play can be sent to the address: firstname.lastname@example.com. In 2013, the Ahtisaari Days will be held on 5 to 7 November.


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The minute I found this editorial of Vlada Roslyakova in Marie Claire's October issue I felt hypnotized by her glance! These photos have something freak-ish and a feeling of dark romance which give me the chills and I love that! The photo of her and that little doll is creeping me, and it's also so stunning!
P.S I have almost finished my college project! I will post soon some photos.