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Al-Jazari (1136-1206) was an important Arab Muslim scholar. He was an inventor and mechanical engineer who gained fame and glory with his famous book of mechanics Al-Jami `bayn al-`ilm wa 'l-`amal al-nafi `fi sina `at al-hiyal (A Compendium on the Theory and Useful Practice of the Mechanical Arts), the most significant treatise of the Islamic tradition of mechanical engineering and a ground breaking work in the history of technology. Some 800 years after his death, modern history of science is appealed to give him credit and celebrate his work.
Al-Jazari's life and environment
Al-Jazari(1136-1206) was an important Arab Muslim scholar. He was an inventor and mechanical engineer who gained fame and glory with his famous book of mechanics, Al-Jami `bayn al-`ilm wa 'l-`amal al-nafi `fi sina `at al-hiyal (A Compendium on the Theory and Useful Practice of the Mechanical Arts), the most significant treatise of the Islamic tradition of mechanical engineering and a ground breaking work in the history of technology. Some 800 years after his death, modern history of science is appealed to give him credit and celebrate his work.
Al-Jazari's greatest treatise has always aroused great interest from historians of technology and historians of art. Indeed, alongside his accomplishments as an inventor and engineer, al-Jazari was also an accomplished artist. The surviving manuscripts of his book provide detailed instructions for all of his inventions and illustrate them using miniature paintings, a medieval style of Islamic art, to make it possible for a reader to reconstruct his inventions.
To have an idea of the innovative work of al-Jazari in the history of technology, we quote this sentence from the historian Lynn White who writes: "Segmental gears first clearly appear in al-Jazari, in the West they emerge in Giovanni de Dondi's astronomical clock finished in 1364, and only with the great Sienese engineer Francesco di Giorgio (1501) did they enter the general vocabulary of European machine design [1]."
Donald R. Hill, the English historian who was an academic authority in the history of Islamic mechanics and engineering, wrote in Studies in Medieval Islamic Technology: "It is impossible to over-emphasize the importance of al-Jazari's work in the history of engineering. Until modern times there is no other document from any cultural area that provides a comparable wealth of instructions for the design, manufacture and assembly of machines… Al-Jazari did not only assimilate the techniques of his non-Arab and Arab predecessors, he was also creative. He added several mechanical and hydraulic devices. The impact of these inventions can be seen in the later designing of steam engines and internal combustion engines, paving the way for automatic control and other modern machinery. The impact of al-Jazari's inventions is still felt in modern contemporary mechanical engineering [2]."
Due to his fundamental mechanical inventions, al-Jazari has been described as the "father of modern day engineering", and due to his invention of an early programmable humanoid robot, he has been hailed as the "father of robotics". Actually, he should be considered just as important an inventor as Leonardo da Vinci.
Al-Jazari's full name is given at the beginning of his book as "al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari." The title Ra'is al-A`mal indicates that he was a chief engineer, while Badi`al-Zaman and al-Shaykh are titles of honour indicating respectively that he was unique and unrivalled and a learned, dignified person. The word 'Al-Jazari' indicates that his family came from Jazirat ibn 'Umar in Diyar Bakr. Another hypothesis is hat he was named after the area in which he was born, al-Jazira –the traditional Arabic name for what was northern Mesopotamia and what is now northern Iraq and north-eastern Syria, between the Tigris and the Euphrates.
|Figure 1: Picture of one of al-Jazari's automatic machines: a musical toy in the form of a boat. From a manuscript of his book copied in Syria in 715 H/1315 CE (opaque watercolour, ink and gold on paper). (Source).
We do not know the date of his birth and our information about his life is obtained from his book. Like his father before him, he served as chief engineer at the Artuqid court, while serving the Diyarbakir branch of the Turkish Artuqid dynasty which ruled across eastern Anatolia. Al-Jazari was in the service of three Artuqid rulers: Nur al-Din Muhammad ibn Arslan (570-581 H/ 1174-1185), Qutb al-Din Sukman ibn Muhammad (681-697 H/ 1185-1200) and Nasir al-Din Mahmud ibn Muhammad (597-619 H/ 1200-1222).
It was in response to the request of Nasir al-Din Mahmud that al-Jazari wrote his book. He says in his introduction that he started his service at the Artuqid court in the year 570 H/1174, and that when he started writing the book he had already spent twenty five years in the service of Nur al-Din Muhammad, the father, and Qutb al-Din Sukman, the brother. From this information we conclude that probably al-Jazari started writing his book in the year 595/1198, two years before Nasir al-Din became king. From the Oxford manuscript copy of al-Jazari's treatise we learn that al-Jazari finished writing his book on 4 Jumada the Second, 602 H/ 16 January 1206. The oldest extant copy (preserved in Topkapi Sarayi Libray, Ahmet III collection, MS 3472) was completed by Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn 'Uthman al-Haskafiat the end of Sha'ban 602 H/ 10 April 1206. From al-Haskafi's colophon we learn that al-Jazari was not living at this date. From these indications and other data, it may be concluded that he died in the year 602 H/1206, just few months after he had completed his work.
amid, now known as Diyar Bakr, where al-Jazari did most of his engineering research, is situated on the left bank of the Tigris. Travellers who visited the city during the 11th century admired its prosperity and enjoyed a period of peace and stability. Thus al-Jazari lived in the court of the Artuqid kings under conditions favorable for the invention and construction of his machines and for writing [3].
Al-Jazari's Magnum Opus book
The title of the oldest manuscript of al-Jazari's book is: al-Jami `bayn al-`ilm wa 'l-`amal al-nafi` fi sina`at al-hiyal (A Compendium on the Theory and Useful Practice of the Mechanical Arts). The Arabic edition published by Ahmad Y. al-Hassan in 1979 carries this title. The English translation published by Donald R. Hill in 1974 carries the title Book of Knowledge of Mechanical Devices. This translation was based mainly on MS Graves 27 of the Bodleian Library in Oxford, where the Arabic title is Kitab fima`rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya. Between 1915 and 1921, two German scholars Wiedemann and Hauser published in German a series of seven articles in which they covered the six categories using the Bodleian copy [4].
The book describes in detail fifty devices (ashkal), which are grouped into six categories (anwa`):
1) ten water and candle clocks;
2) ten vessels and figures suited for drinking sessions;
3) ten pitchers and basins for phlebotomy and washing before prayers;
4) ten fountains that change their shape alternately, and machines for the perpetual flute;
5) five water raising machines;
6) five miscellaneous devices.
Each device or shakl is described in simple Arabic that is easy to understand, and each is accompanied by a general drawing. There are fifty of these and are numbered by the letters of the Arabic alphabet from one to fifty. For the complicated devices al-Jazari gave detailed drawings for the components of a device or for subassemblies so that the operation could be understood. The edited version of his book based on the surviving manuscripts, contains a total of 174 drawings. An alphabet letter marks each part in a device. The text explains the construction of the device with the aid of the letters so that the reader can understand the device by reading the text and referring to the illustrations.
The published Arabic text edited by al-Hassan enumerates fifteen manuscripts of al-Jazari's book in world libraries with one only probably in private hands. One is a Persian translation [5]. The best five manuscripts were used in arriving at the final printed text. The main one, however, was MS Ahmet III 3472 in the Topkapi Sarayi Librarary, Istanbul. This is the closest copy to the time when al-Jazari completed his writing in 602 H/1206.
Al-Jazari's achievements in the history of mechanical engineering
|Figure 2: Drawing of al-Jazari's "Elephant Clock" depicted by Fakhr ibn 'Abd al-Latif on a leaf. Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New Yourk. Online here.
Al-Jazari's book deals with a whole range of devices and machines, with a multiplicity of purposes. What they have in common is the considerable degree of engineering skill required for their manufacture, and the use of delicate mechanisms and sensitive control systems. Many of the ideas employed in the construction of ingenious devices were useful in the later development of mechanical technology.
The American pioneer historian of science George Sarton says about the special status of al-Jazari's book in the history of science and technology: "this treatise is the most elaborate of its kind and may be considered the climax of this line of Moslem achievement [6]." Donald R. Hill concludes also that "until modern times there is no other document, from any cultural area, that provides a comparable wealth of instructions for the design, manufacture and assembly of machines [7]."
Al-Jazari inherited the knowledge of his predecessors, but he improved on their designs and added devices of his own invention. The merit of his book is that it was the only book to discuss such a large variety of devices and to present them with text, illustrations and dimensions so that a skilled craftsman is able to construct any device on the basis of al-Jazari's description. This is why several of his inventions were reproduced, from the monumental water clock created for the World of Islam Festival in 1976, until the huge "Elephant clock" that stands 8 meters high in the "India" court at the Ibn Battuta shopping mall in Dubai and the recreation by FSTC scholars in Manchester of 3D-model animations of some machines of al-Jazari, such as the reciprocating pump with a water wheel as the drive source. The recreated machines as well as their animated models proved to be real machines, working perfectly well, and far from being just toys described in al-Jazari's book, as some historians have assumed erroneously.
|Figure 3: The huge "Elephant clock" that stands 8 meters high in the "India" court at the Ibn Battuta shopping mall in Dubai (free photograph by Jonathan Bowen, 2007.) To see the animation of the 3D-model recreated by FSTC of the elephant clock, click here.
Many of al-Jazari's components and techniques were useful in the development of modern mechanical engineering. These include the static balancing of large pulley wheels; calibration of orifices; use of wooden templates; use of paper models in design; lamination of timber to prevent warping; the grinding of the seats and plugs of valves together with emery powder to obtain a watertight fit; casting of brass and copper in closed mold boxes with greensand; use of tipping buckets that discharge their contents automatically; and the use of segmental gears.
Al-Jazari's double acting piston pump is unique. It is remarkable for three reasons:
- it incorporates an effective means of converting rotary into reciprocating motion through the crank-connecting-rod mechanism;
- it makes use of the double-acting principle; and
- it is the first pump known to have had true suction pipes.
|Figure 4: The reciprocating pump from al-Jazari's manuscript, Topkapi Palace Museum Library, Ahmet III 3472. (Source).
Al-Jazari occupies an important place in the history of automata, automatic control, robotics and automated musical theaters. His pioneering work is duly acknowledged in most histories. The inventions of al-Jazari are a source of inspiration to modern designers such as the use of rolling balls to sound the hours on cymbals and operate automata. This concept is currently used in toys and other devices and their makers had registered patents in their names.
Al-Jazari described a combination lock. There are now in world museums three combination locks that were made in the same period of al-Jazari. Although they are simpler than the lock of al-Jazari, they follow the same principle. Two were made around 597 H/1200 CE by Muhammad b. Hamid al-Asturlabi al-Isfahani and are located in Copenhagen and Boston. The third is in Maastricht, Holland. The first combination lock in Europe was described by Buttersworth in 1846 and the wheels of this lock are strikingly similar to the discs of al-Jazari [8].
All illustrations in al-Jazari's book are in color, and among the fifty main drawings are miniatures that are of great artistic merit. This resulted in the disappearance of some of these paintings from the manuscripts and they found their way to the international museums of art or to private collections.
Historians of art are of the opinion that there existed at the court of the Artuqids in amid a school of painting that produced narrative paintings of great value. Three of the existing al-Jazari's manuscripts were illustrated by members of this school.
|Figure 5: 3D-model recreated by FSTC of the reciprocating pump with a water wheel as the drive source. To see animation of the pump, click here.
The elephant clock
One of the most significant inventions of al-Jazari was the famous elephant clock, consisting of a water-powered clock in the form of an elephant. The various elements of the clock are in the housing on top of the elephant. The various elements that compose this clock move and make a sound every half hour. This device is reminiscent of the elaborate clocks found on medieval town halls in Europe, which made the passage of time more entertaining with the performance of the moving figures.
A modern full-size working reproduction can be found as a centrepiece in the Ibn Battuta Mall in Dubai.
The timing mechanism is based on a water-filled bucket hidden inside the elephant. In the bucket is a deep bowl floating in the water, but with a small hole in the centre. The bowl takes half an hour to fill through this hole. In the process of sinking, the bowl pulls a string attached to a see-saw mechanism in the tower on top of the elephant. This releases a ball that drops into the mouth of a serpent, causing the serpent to tip forward. At the same time, a system of strings causes a figure in the tower to raise either the left or right hand and the mahout (elephant driver at the front) to hit a drum. This indicates a half or full hour. Next the snake tips back again and the sunken bowl is raised out of the water. The cycle then repeats [9].
This was the first clock in which an automaton reacted after certain intervals of time. In the mechanism, a humanoid automata strikes the cymbal and a mechanical bird chirps, like in the later cuckoo clock, after every hour.
The elephant clock of al-Jazari was the first mechanism to employ a flow regulator, which was used to determine the time when the clock strikes at hourly intervals. The hourly intervals were determined with the use of a small opening in a submersible float, which was calibrated to give the required rates of flow under different water rates.
This appears to be the earliest example of a closed-loop system in a mechanism. The clock functioned as long as there were metal balls in its magazine.
The different mechanical and artistic components of the Elephant clock of Al-Jazari reflect the contributions of Greek, Egyptian, Indian, Chinese and Muslim civilisations. This is why it was called rightly a clock of civilisations, a device in which met influences going back to different cultures, as it was currently the case in the past, and especially in the Islamic civilisation [10].
References and resources
1. Articles on al-Jazari in www.MuslimHeritage.com
- Al-Jazari - the Mechanical Genius
- The Machines of Al-Jazari and Taqi Al-Din
- Automation and Robotics in Muslim Heritage: The Cultural Roots of al-Jazari's Mechanical Systems
- Attempts of Flight, Automatic Machines, Submarines and Rocket Technology in Turkish History
- The Clock of Civilisations
- A Review of Early Muslim Control Engineering
- Muslim Heritage Videos
- Transfer of Islamic Technology to the West
- Pioneers of Automatic Control Systems
- When Ridhwan al-Sa'ati Anteceded Big Ben by More than Six Centuries
- The Mechanics of Banu Musa in the Light of Modern System and Control Engineering
- Water Management and Hydraulic Technology
2. Further resources and works
- Aiken, Jane Andrew, "Truth in Images: From the Technical Drawings of ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari, Campanus of Novarra and Giovanni de' Dondi to the Perspective Projection of Leon Battista Alberti", Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies, vol. 25 (1994): pp. 325-359. BBC & Open University, What the Ancients Did for Us, Episode 1, "The Islamic World".
- Al-Hassan, Ahmad Yusuf and Hill, Donald Routledge, Islamic Technology. An Illustrated History. UNESCO/Cambridge University Press, 1986. French translation: Sciences et techniques en islam, Paris: Edifra, 1991.
- Al-Hassan, Ahmad Yusuf, Al Jazari and the History of the Water Clock.
- Al-Hassan, A. Y., The Origin of the Suction Pump: Al-Jazari (1206 A.D).
- Ahmad Y Hassan, Transfer Of Islamic Technology To The West, Part II: Transmission Of Islamic Engineering.
- Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y, The Crank-Connecting Rod System in a Continuously Rotating Machine.
- Al-Hassani, Salim, Muslim Engineer: Al-Jazari.
- Al-Hassani, Salim, Al-Jazari: the Mechanical Genius (2001).
- Al-Hassani, Salim, The Machines of Al-Jazari and Taqi Al-Din. (2004).
- Al-Hassani, Salim, and Abattouy, Mohammed, "La pompe hydraulique d'al-Jazari(début du 13ème siècle)", L'Islam des découvertes. Paris: Editions Le Pommier (forthcoming in 2008).
- Hariri, F. 1997. Study and Analysis of the Water Machines in the book entitled `A Compendium of the Theory and Practice of the Mechanical Arts by al-Jazari'. Applying Modern systems on Control Engineering. Master Thesis. Aleppo: Aleppo University (in Arabic), 1997.
- Hill, Donald R., "Technology and Mechanics (Hiyal)". In The Genius of Arab Civilization: Source of Renaissance, edited by John Hayes, Cambridge (Mass.): MIT Press, 1983, pp. 203-217.
- Hill, D. R., History of Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times, London: Croom Helm, 1984.
- Hill, D. R., "Islamic Fine Technology and its Influence on the Development of European Horology", Al-Abhath (American University of Beirut), vol. 35 (1987): pp. 8-28.
- Hill, D. R., "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East", Scientific American, May 1991, p. 64-69.
- Hill, D. R. "Arabic Mechanical Engineering: Survey of the Historical Sources", Arabic Sciences and Philosophy (Cambridge University Press), vol. 1 (1991): pp. 167-186.
- Hill, D. R., Islamic Science and Engineering. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993.
- Hill, D. R. "From Philo to al-Jazzari". In Learning Language and Invention. Essays Presented to Francis Maddison, edited by D. W. Hackmann & A. J. Turne. Aldershot: Variorum, 1994, pp. 188-206.
- Hill, D. R., A History of Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times, London/New York: Routledge, 1996.
- Hill, D. R., "Engineering". In Encyclopaedia of the History of Arabic Science, edited by Roshdi Rashed. London and New York: Routledge, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 751-795.
- Hill, D. R. Studies in Medieval Islamic Technology: From Philo to al-Jazari--From Alexandria to Diyar Bakr, edited by David A. King. Aldershot, Eng./Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate, 1998, Variorum Collected Studies Series.
- Hill, D.R., "Mechanical Technology" and "Civil Engineering". In The Different Aspects of Islamic Culture, edited by A. Y. Hassan, Yusuf Iskandar, Albert Zaki and Ahmad Maqbul. Vol. 4: Science and Technology in Islam, Parts I-II. Paris: UNESCO, 2001.
- Jazari, al-, The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices: Kitáb fí ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya, translated by D. R.. Hill. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1974.
- Jazari, al-, Al-Jami` bayn al-`ilm wa 'l-`amal al-nafi` fi sina`at al-hiyal. Edited by Ahmad Y. al-Hassan. Aleppo: Institute for the History of Arabic Science, 1979.
- Jazari, al-, Al-Jami` bayn al-`ilm wa 'l-`amal al-nafi` fi sina`at al-hiyal. Compendium on the Theory and Practice of the Mechanical Arts. Edited by F. Sezgin. Frankfurt: Institut für Geschichte der Arabish-Islamischen Wissenschaften, 2003.
- [Jazari, al-], The Automata of Al-Jazari. The Topkapi Palace Museum, Istanbul.
- Nick, Martin, "Al-Jaziri (sic!): The Ingenious 13th Century Muslim Mechanic", http://www.alshindagah.com/marapr2005/jaziri.html
- Kumarasvami, Ananda K. The Treatise of Al-Jazari on Automata Leaves from a Manuscript of the Kitab fi Ma'arifat al-Hiyal al-Handasiya in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and Elsewhere, Boston: Museum of fine arts, Boston. Communications to the trustees, VI, 1924.
- [Mostra (= exhibition)], Le Origini della scienza moderna nella reciproca
influenza tra Islam ed Europa: Da al-Jazari a Leonardo da Vinci.
- [Sezgin, ed.] Badi` Azzaman al-Jazari (d. after 1206). Texts and Studies. Collected and reprinted by F. Sezgin et al. (Natural Sciences in Islam, 41). Frankfurt: Frankfurt: Institut für Geschichte der Arabish-Islamischen Wissenschaften, 2001.
- Sheffield University, A 13th Century Programmable Robot.
- Kâhya, Esin & Dosay Gökdogan, Melek & Demir, Remzi Gazi & Topdemir, Hüseyin & Unat, Yavuz, Cezeri, Yesterday and Today (in Turkish). University of Ankara, Faculty of Letters, Research of the History of Science in Turkey, 2003.
- [Wikipedia]. Al-Jazari (From Wikipedia, the free online encyclopaedia).
- Yavuz Unat, "Two Scientists in the History of Technology: Jazari and Taqi al-Din" (in Turkish). Proceedings of the Congress `Turkish Science and Technology', edited by Emre Dölen and Mustafa Kaçar. Istanbul: The Turkish Society for History of Science, 2003, pp. 75-94.
End Notes
[1] Quoted in: The Automata of Al-Jazari, the Topkapi Palace Museum, Istanbul.
[2] D. R. Hill, Studies in Medieval Islamic Technology, 1998, II, pp. 231-232.
[3] Ahmad Yusuf al-Hassan, Al Jazari and the History of the Water Clock.
[4] A new manuscript never used before in all the earlier work done on al-Jazariis MS Orient fol. 3306 preserved at the Staatsbibliothek in Berlin; it is descibed in Mohammed Abattouy, "A New Arabic Text of Mechanics: Sinan ibn Thabit on the Theory of Simple Machines", forthcoming.
[5] See British Library: Supplementary Handlist of Persian Manuscripts, 1966-1998, London: The British Library Publishing, 1998.
[6] G. Sarton, Introduction to the History of Science, 3 vols. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1927-1948, vol.2: p. 510.
[7] D. R. Hill, Studies in Medieval Islamic Technology, edited by D. A. King, Ashgate, 1998, p. 231.
[8] Ahmad Yusuf al-Hassan, Al Jazari and the History of the Water Clock.
[9] Salim al-Hassani, "The Machines of Al-Jazari and Taqi Al-Din". See also this article including a photograph of the Ibn Battuta Mall elephant clock and this page providing information on a page from al-Jazari's manuscript preserved in the Metropolitan Museum in New York.
[10] See the presentation "Clock of Civilisations" by FSTC, 12 September 2007 at York University: click here for the flyer of this presentation and see this general description by Muslim Heritage Consulting: The Elephant Clock.


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Following a decision of OECD Development and Environment Ministers to work jointly on ensuring access to water supply and sanitation, a Task Team of experts from OECD governments was established on 22 March 2007. At its first meeting, the OECD DAC/EPOC Water Task Team decided that will focus its work on identifying and developing approaches that support the development of strategic financial plans for the water supply and sanitation sector. The second meeting took place on 23 October 2007. The objectives of the meeting were to review progress in implementing the Task Team's work programme, share relevant experiences and decide how to move forward.
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After their heroics last Monday against hated city rivals Manchester United, Manchester City went one step closer to securing their first league title in four decades after beating Newcastle United 2-0.
Both second half goals came from Yaya Toure against a Newcastle side desperate for victory in a bid to secure third place, and with it a place in Europe's Champions League, the world's richest club competition.
When the full time whistle was blown grown men wept in the stands as City's players celebrated knowing that, barring a miracle, this was going to be their year.
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Once the blue half of Manchester was the bigger of the two city teams. City once even relegated Manchester United on the last day of the 1973-1974 season.
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It was the purchase of the club in 2008 by the royal family of Abu Dhabi that transformed City from an average team with a glorious past into the richest football club in the world.
Hundreds of millions of dollars was spent on players like Toure, secured from Barcelona, Sergio Aguero and Carlos Tevez.
Before the game both Manchester teams were on 83 points, with City ahead on goal difference, the closest title race in Premier League history.
And it looked like Newcastle United was about to hand Manchester United advantage in the title fight as coach Alan Pardew's side held City at bay for the first 70 minutes.
The match turned on a piece of tactical genius by Manchester City coach Roberto Mancini who brought on Dutch midfielder Nigel De Jong and pushed Toure forward. Yet after the game Mancini remained cautious on his side's title hopes.
"I think it's not enough because we have another difficult game (against QPR)," Mancini told British TV network Sky Sports.
"I think we deserved to win this game today."
Later on Sunday Manchester United took on Swansea City at a subdued Old Trafford knowing that defeat would virtually hand City the title. Two first half goals for Paul Scholes and Ashley Young gave United hope that they could score enough goals to make a dent in City's superior goal difference but the match finished 2-0.
Now the season moves on to the final day of the season with City taking on QPR, who will need to win to guarantee they stay in the Premier League after their promotion last season, whilst United travel to Sunderland knowing they could win, finish the season on equal points and still lose the title.
Both sides of Manchester will endure one final, tortuous 90 minutes to decide the fate of this season's Premier League trophy.


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Plea in Child-Porn Case
An owner of a Montauk fishing tackle shop who had been arrested on child-sex and pornography charges in November pleaded guilty to reduced charges in Suffolk Criminal Court last Thursday.
Paul S. Apostolides, an Islip resident who runs Paulie's Tackle on South Edgemere Street, admitted to possession of a recorded sexual performance by a child and promoting a sexual performance by a child under 17. Each is a felony, for which a sentence of up to four years in jail may be imposed. Nine additional charges, including rape, were dropped.
Judge Barbara Kahn is due to sentence Mr. Apostolides, 50, in a court appearance on May 18.
Justice Court
Appearing in East Hampton Town Justice Court on March 22, Ana Martinez, who had been arrested in December on a contempt of court violation and harassment charge, had them reduced to disorderly conduct by Justice Catherine A. Cahill. She agreed to pay $325 in fines and court fees. However, Ms. Cahill imposed a new two-year order that Ms. Martinez stay away from Luis Castro, a former boyfriend, whom she had reportedly assaulted at a house on Three Mile Harbor Road in East Hampton on Dec. 12.
Darius Z. Petty, 22, who was arrested by East Hampton Village police on May 29 on charges of alcohol and marijuana possession and an additional charge of criminal possession of a controlled substance, pleaded guilty to misdemeanor drug possession and was sentenced by Ms. Cahill to 90 days in jail.
Also in court on March 22 was Sergio A. Gutierrez-Martinez, 30, of Maspeth, who pleaded guilty to drunken driving and will pay $1,400 in fines. He had been stopped by East Hampton Town police in March 2010.
In Justice Lisa R. Rana's court on April 5, Segundo D. Chuquiana-Cuji pleaded guilty to D.W.I. and unlicensed driving and was fined $1,635. He will be unable to reapply for a driver's license for six months. Mr. Chuquiana-Cuji, 25, had been arrested by town police in June while motoring along Springs-Fireplace Road in East Hampton.
Justice Rana sentenced Amanda S. Tomasello, 28, of Bryn Mawr, Pa., to a 90-day license suspension and $760 in fines after she pleaded guilty to first-offense D.W.I. She had been stopped by town police in June 2010.
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I love John Lescroart but I felt this spin off novel was not up to the usual standard. I'll be sticking with Dismas and Abe.
First exposure to Lescroart, and will be reading more. // Opening few chapters initially seem unrelated to main story line, then eventually become relevant. Very good who-dun-it that keeps you guessing to the end, despite ample (in hindsight) clues.
Very good read.
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text: 18.104.22.168 minor issues Hello, Using CentOS 6.4 x86_64 installationm a few issues with ispconfig 220.127.116.11 I have not come across before, wasnt sure whether to put as separate issues but here they are:- - modifying server config/mail settings results in an error "Please specify valid RBL hostnames" if that field is left empty. eg. I move /var/vmail to a different volume /data/vmail and update the location in ispconfig system >> server config ?? mail. When I hit save I get the above error if RBL field is empty. - php_open_basedir On a new installation it appears "/usr/share/php" is repeated twice in web domain options PHP open_basedir. On an upgrade it appears that the new functionality for "private" folder is not added into php_open_basedir, nor if tools >> resync websites is run. - dovecot again on new install of x86_64 version, dovecot fails to start complaining of missing files. I think there might already be another post on this. ln -s /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf /etc/dovecot-sql.conf ln -s /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf /etc/dovecot.conf fixes the issue. - monitoring / mail Would it be possible to "split" monitoring of mail services into something like secure/non-secure. eg with using courier I only use IMAPS/POP3S and disable the non-secure protocols from starting. ispconfig however reports there is an error as its expecting both secure/nonsecure to be present. Any way of enabling/disabling? Thanks for looking and Thanks for ispconfig!


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Liz's Cozy Retreat Bedroom
Like this entry? Favorite it below!
- Name:
- Liz
- Location:
- New Bern, NC
- Division:
- United States
- What do you love about your bedroom?:
- I love that our bedroom has become a cozy retreat for my husband and I. I love the rustic cottage feel and how warm the room is. Our bedroom is a place we can sit and relax in now that we have a seating area, and I love that! It's the perfect place for us to unwind at the end of the day and I actually look forward to being in our room now!
- What are your tips for creating a beautiful, healthy and organized bedroom?:
- My biggest tip is to make it's a warm and inviting place that you want to be in. Really focus and take the time to make your bedroom your own. Incorporate details that are meaningful to you and elements that make your room a cozy retreat that you can unwind in. Add furniture that has lots of storage for the items that you do not want to be out in the open. Create a seating area if you have the room for watching television or just putting your shoes on as you get ready. Add lighting that will complement your decor and that will set a relaxing mood. And last but not least make it a room that you will love for a long time. You spend a lot of time in your bedroom, make it exactly what you want.
- In modern homes, bedrooms have become more than just a place to sleep; they can be a retreat, a home office, a library, a relaxation zone. What are some ways you make the most of your bedroom?:
- Even though our bedroom is not large, we made a seating area at the end of our bed to sit and watch tv, talk, and to sit and put our shoes on as we got dressed. I love that the seating area is our new footboard and It's one of the best decisions we made when re-doing our bedroom. It's a quiet place for us where we can sit and work on our computers and just relax. No matter what size your bedroom is, I would definitely recommend adding some kind of seating area.


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Actress, Cossy Orjiakor is known for her ample bosom and clearly she is not afraid to flaunt her curves.
Photo Credits - Obsessed Hoopla, Purefoto, Bella Naija
Am i First? Goodness! i wish u had a competition on today. Id have won!!!
nice post :)
when I saw the 1st pic I couldn't help laughing. Let's face it not even the gals in Hollywood get it right and they pay a lot of money to their personal stylists.
your critic is good ... i agree totally with the Jennifer Hudson style guide. Also you are on point with Toccara as a style Guide for Cossy Orjiakor. She is wearing a great black number with the right accessories. Her hair accentuates her neck. All that coupled with a bit of panache simply makes a lady radiate amongst 'copies'
Not sure about the Kelly Rowland one sha!
chai mehhn!!! why o why...lol....great advice though Bella!
Since u r dishing out d advice, i wonder if u cud give me a few hints. I have dry/ oily face n i need to know wat type of facial wash/ moisturiser and make up is best. Also wat eyeshow can a sista wera that will show but not too flashy. ta. Will be back to read ur reply.
I concur
true! no celeb ever gets it righjt ALL the time....
EIGHT!!! I will return!!
spot on bella naija! cossy is pretty and anyone with that much bust always has some cleavage but she has to exercise moderation.
i love your blog!
so nice girls and looks!
like them so much ;)
if you don´t mind, i am adding you to my blogroll favourites, if you wanna, add me too!
a kiss and a hug for brazil,
hope to see you soon,
Waow @ Cossy that's just wrong on so many levels... bella you sha try for these people
- anonabovehasleftmeforlagosmissyoubooboo
i feel like we need a makeover show in naija...because even the so called 'stars' are a mess...
Adding my extra. Some of the Nigerian celebrities that tone their skin (as some would not accept that they are bleaching; no judgements, whatsoever) should try using exfoliators, for example, sugar scrubs to even out their skin tone. As it does help a lot to attend some pizzazz to outfits; i mean clear skin.
Aside from the tips that Bella has mentioned/given.
Sorry, i meant "to add some pizzazz to outfits" and not "attend some pizzaz to outfits."
aunty oily/dry face ... which part of your face is oily, which part is dry? im currently inbetween moisturizers and facewashes actually, because i have sensistive skin and everythiing goes haywire after awhile, but one great thing i found is visibly even night concentrate by neutrogena, it comes in one ounce tubes is really really really hard to find, but u can get it online and retails for like 13-14 USD, it also has no spf, but its great, absorbs quickly does not leave ur face looking oily and is really really moisturizing. its smells okay to others but i love the smell and also has vitamin c and soy to brighten and even out complexion. you might wanna try the whole line. i have the daily spf lotion but for some weird reason, i think its too strong for me... maybe its the SPF thing that i dont like. here are some others i tried, aveeno - did not do jack, i looked like a hot mess the entire summer i used it, never again. neutrogena face lotion with vitamin treatment or whatever was too strong. when all things fail, i used my standard gentle moisturizer oil free spf 15 from neutrogena, now that i think im reacting to the spf i think i might try the sensitive version but kai, all these creams i keep buyin and will not use again.
anyway in the fall, i will start with the murad line of essential c stuff. and see if that works. to clean my face i use the soft side of olay regenerist, but i think thats too harsh so i might go back to dove, it really really cleans ur face and negates the need for a toner IMHO.
hope that helps. finally no matter, you face will have a little bit of sheen throughout the day, blotting papers and oil control translucent powder will help.
one thing ive started doing is washing my face in the night and putting lotion and then not doing it in the morning, even when i apply moisturizer in the morning just to relieve some tighteness i dont get too oily looking.
okay sorry for the long story. bella i hope u dont mind. later o
Hey Bella, your blog is still as good as ever. This was one of the blogs I used to get info from on things happening in Nigeria before I moved back. Keep up the good work.
To my Sugar Mama Snowdrops aka madame sitsacrossfromanonabove.....Miss you too boo. Dont worry, i'm gonna come back for ya boo....I promise....lol
Top 20!!!
... still got it...
nice one, bella!
the first girl needs to contact me ASAP!! because those long braids ain't cutting it.
Bella I completely agree with ur suggestion, someone let them know please.
I know we love fashion and what not but ladies really??
Bella how now :D great post today! More grease !
Dear miss oily face -
welcome to the club. Now quick, I said quick, run, don't walk to the nearest www.sonyadakar.com and watch miracles begin to happen on ur face ok! ok.. nuff said... after you use the mud eucalyptus facewash walahi talahi you will come back to thank me here ;D
except of course something terribly goes wrong in which case you are allergic to any ingredient in it but ASIDE from that... I am talking about 17 years of looking for a product and finally finding one that works so...
Best of luck dear!
Honestly i think these ladies just don't have the money to buy the right clothes. i mean they don't live abroad and because the clothing stores in nigeria charge a fortune for their clothes, they ladies are forced to wear whatever they can afford. i'm not saying it's a good look but there isn't much they can do about it...thats what i think anyway.
Just keep in mind that they are not in America or London where they can get nice clothes for reasonable prices....xxxx
Anon 1.33 cracked me up. That is sooo not true, and sooo not an excuse.
These ladies dress that way because they want to. We all can't be fashionistas and look the same. What a boring world it would be if we all dressed "properly" and conform.
get it, bella! LOL.
ya. Nollywood actresses definitely need some style advice. Tired of seeing Uche Jombo and others squeezing into clothes too tight and too young for them.
lol @ Bella.
Where do you come up with this stuff.
With cossy i think she would go topless if you let her. Her boobs are her biggest (and some say her only) asset.
BUAHAHAHAHAHAH....ROFL - Is ANON 1:33 for real?
Please advice them. There are more people that need to be put on blast. There are so many foolywangs that need to burn down their closets
We need more posts like this. Please do one for every body type with pictures of outfit suggestions. I could use a few tips myself.
I all for fashion and everything but i have a better suggestion for these ladies... ready... how about everybody dress their age and be happy. Number 1 needs make-up, a smile and to take off that drape look. Number 2 gets three words from me "Less is More". Lastely , number 3 bless her heart... she simply needs a stylist.
loving the posts.....woohoo......u should do more make over posts....its hillarious.....wooohoo
This was a good tack: providing advice and not running them down as is usually the first instinct.
Great advice. I especially like the one for Cossy. I hope they all get to read this and follow the style guides.
Good one.
bella.... is the yellow TRUE LOVE the May edition. Im just about to order from top up nigeria cuz i see its the diaspora edition but i cant make out the month.
cheers hun.
can the nigerian ladies really put more effort in their dressing or at least hire someone to do it for them.
it hurts my eyes and soul when i see what is going on, truly.
Bella I beg left dese Naija celebrities alone ke. If they wan show bust let them (says Morountodun with his lecherous grin while drooling...)
Well at last... Ive always thought these style critique sessions pointed to a new business opportunity for stylists in Naija. I hope as I speak links are being made and services provided.
This is the sort of post I almost never comment on but I cant resist... Bell your recomendations are great but for one thing... all these ladies (Ive seen them in many other pictures) like to be OTT over the top! Your style choices are classy and body type appropriate but will not satisfy that OTT attitude these women all have. What to do?
I believe personality must shine through and thats why I detest most red carpet lets all be six categories of clones style critiques. (not yours Bella! :-))
btw Cossy is a brilliant actress (i glimpsed her in a super story episode once)her boobs actually distract from her talent
spot on. the more women realise that they have to dress to their strengths instead of weaknesses the better for them overall.
hey bella. whats ur email i have some business for you
contact me on firstname.lastname@example.com
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30. All bumbling conjurers, clumsy squires, no-talent bards, and cowardly thieves in the land will be preemptively put to death. My foes will surely give up and abandon their quest if they have no source of comic relief.
Who are you again and why in the world would you expect anything resembling rationality or civility in youtube comments?
I, for a fact, quite like Keno[tai]. He's my favorite.
I call dibs on ship AI.
How about we have a cargo-loader walker that was re-fitted for combat and Ozzy programs in a subroutine or automated program to control, or he can control it if the situation calls for it. I'm not too confident about my ability to control multiple characters, but if you insist, I'll make a second one. Also, is there anything wrong with Ozzy's bio?
just make sure you can achieve maximum fun levels.
Quote from: Slinky2* on April 14, 2012, 01:40:09 pmMe Gusta moonPlease don't call it that. :\
Me Gusta moon
What is this, Donkey Kong Country in Space?
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(UnScramble): A name of an anime/manga character whose name is scrambled. Your job is to determine who the person is AND what anime/manga they are from. Be sure to include both pieces of information when you comment as I will take the FIRST person who INCLUDES both character AND anime. Depending how difficult the character name is, hints may be posted along the way. So be sure to check back and look for them ;D
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10 Examples Of Bill O'Reilly Flubbing Economics
Blog ››› ››› ALBERT KLEINE & ALAN PYKE
Fox News host Bill O'Reilly has a long and documented history of pushing economic misinformation on his program, reinforced recently by economist Richard Wolff who said O'Reilly's claims about the economy are false.
On the March 25 edition of the independently syndicated Democracy Now!, former University of Massachusetts, Amherst economics professor Richard Wolff responded to O'Reilly's claim that European countries are going bankrupt because they are "nanny states," stating:
WOLFF: You know, he gets away with saying things which no undergraduate in the United States with a responsible economics professor could ever get away with. If you want to refer to things as "nanny states" then the place you go in Europe is not the southern tier -- Portugal, Spain, and Italy -- the place you go are Germany and Scandinavia because they provide more social services to their people than anybody else. And guess what? Not only are they not in trouble economically, they are the winners of the current situation.
[O'Reilly's] just making it up as he goes along to conform to an ideological position that is harder and harder for folks like him to sustain, so he has to reach further and further into fantasy.
O'Reilly's misinformation on economic issues, however, is not just contained to commenting on the European experience. Here are 10 other examples of O'Reilly's failure to accurately understand economics:
10. O'Reilly Falsely Compared The U.S. Debt Situation With That Of Greece. In an effort to force Congress to enact deep spending cuts, O'Reilly claimed that "like Greece, Ireland, and Spain...the USA has bankrupted itself." However, economists agree that the U.S.-Greece comparison is misguided and ignores the structure of the countries' economies.
9. O'Reilly Dismissed The Recession's Effect On Gas Prices. O'Reilly expressed doubt over the economic downturn's effect on gas prices, claiming that President Obama's explanation for low gas prices was "totally bogus." In reality, gas prices dropped precipitously during the recession, a fact that many news outlets -- including Fox -- reported at the time.
8. O'Reilly Claimed That Food Stamps Have No Economic Value. In a discussion about President Obama's stimulus bill, O'Reilly claimed that increasing spending on food stamps has "nothing to do with stimulating the economy." However, economists largely disagree, and studies have indicated that food stamps are among the most stimulative of government programs.
7. O'Reilly Suggested Bush Tax Cuts Increased Revenue. In an interview with former President Clinton, O'Reilly claimed that because of "the tax cuts under Bush, more money flowed into the federal government." However, when tax revenues are expressed as a share of the economy, the Bush tax cuts resulted in the lowest level in any decade since the 1950s, a fact noted by many economists.
6. O'Reilly Dismissed The Causes Of Income Inequality. In a discussion with Fox News contributor Kirsten Powers, O'Reilly brushed aside income inequality, claiming, "Income inequality is bull. Nobody gives you anything, you earn it." However, O'Reilly's statements ignored the fact that, at the time he said them, taxes on top income earners are at historic lows, and that, according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, "typical middle-class households face higher rates than some high-income households."
5. O'Reilly Blamed Undocumented Immigrants For California's Budget Problems. In a segment on California's budgetary problems, O'Reilly claimed that an "enormous amount of money" was being spent on the "illegal alien problem." However, O'Reilly ignored that fact that a majority of undocumented immigrants pay taxes, and that granting them legal status could have a positive impact on the economy.
4. O'Reilly Repeatedly Suggested That "Irresponsible Behavior And Laziness" Cause Poverty. O'Reilly has consistently characterized the poor as "lazy" and "irresponsible," ignoring the consequences of the recent economic downturn and the rise in income inequality in recent decades.
3. O'Reilly Claimed That The Economy "Would Be Fine" If We Cut Spending To 2008 Levels. In a segment discussing sequestration, O'Reilly called for a rollback in spending to 2008 levels, claiming that the economy "would be fine" if spending was cut to that level. However, this proposal that has been repeatedly criticized by economists as economically dangerous, costing as many as 590,000 jobs.
2. O'Reilly Claimed That The Stimulus Was A Failure. O'Reilly has repeatedly stated that President Obama's stimulus package was a failure, ignoring the fact that, according to the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office, it increased employment by over 1 million jobs and raised GDP by between 0.8 and 2.5 percent.
1. O'Reilly Repeatedly Claimed That Economy Is Worse Off Than It Was When Obama First Took Office. O'Reilly has consistently stated that the Obama administration's policies are hurting the economy, even going so far as to claim that it is worse off than it was prior to Obama's first inauguration. However, by almost every measure of economic health, including unemployment, net job creation, and GDP, the economy has improved greatly since 2009.
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New Car Review
2013 Cadillac ATS: 5 Reasons to Buy
Have you been waiting for America to make a real compact sport sedan? An honest-to-goodness 4-door sports car that can do battle with Europe's best?
Look no further than the all-new 2013 Cadillac ATS, a world-class athlete that's ready to give the BMW 3 Series some sleepless nights. We've got five reasons to put this sleek new Caddy on your shopping list.
1. Sports Car Handling
Cadillac fine-tuned the ATS model's handling on Germany's famed Nurburgring racetrack. The target? The BMW 3 Series, of course -- but not the larger, softer model that's on the market now. Instead, Cadillac went after the previous 3 Series, a smaller car that's widely considered to be sportier than its successor. If you're shopping for an Acura TL, Audi A4, Infiniti G37 or Mercedes Benz C-Class, Cadillac is looking to impress you as well. We say Mission accomplished, GM -- the ATS is a genuine blast to drive, dancing through tight corners with minimal body roll and sports-car reflexes. And at the same time, the small Cadillac doesn't sacrifice ride quality at the expense of sporty handling. The ATS feels softer than an Infiniti G37, but sharper and firmer than a Mercedes Benz C-Class.
2. Unmistakable Style
Need we say more? The ATS downsizes Cadillac's crisp design language to perfection, leaving no doubt as to who makes this car. One look at those tall taillights or that angular front end and everyone will know you're driving a Cadillac. Some of us even think that the ATS looks better than Cadillac's perennial fashion champ, the groundbreaking midsize CTS.
3. An Engine for Everyone
Unlike some of the import brands, Cadillac wants its sport sedan to be accessible, so there's a base ATS with a 2.5-liter 4-cylinder engine that keeps costs down -- and gets 32 miles per gallon, too. But if you want more power, don't worry: The ATS offers a turbocharged 4-cylinder that packs a healthier punch, and you can also specify a 321-horsepower V6 that's borrowed from the CTS. Get the turbocharged 4-cylinder engine along with the available manual transmission and you'll get the most bang for your buck. Take a test drive and compare this car to a much more expensive German sport sedan and you may be surprised just how impressive the Cadillac feels.
4. Right on CUE
On the technology front, the ATS takes a big leap forward with the Cadillac User Experience or CUE, Cadillac's new touch-based infotainment system. It has an 8-inch touchscreen that looks like a miniature iPad, and it also features a voice-command system and full smartphone integration with apps like Pandora. Plus, to enhance functionality on the fly, each of CUE's digital buttons vibrates in confirmation when you press it. But CUE take it one step further by giving the driver the option to save a variety of things as a "Favorite." You can still save radio stations as favorites, land-based broadcast radio stations can be saved along side satellite radio stations. You can also set a location, phone number, song (from the hard-drive or a CD) as a favorite. It's like combining your radio station pre-sets with your nav system's address book along with your most frequently dialed phone numbers all in one list, each with a corresponding pre-set button.
5. Available All-Wheel Drive
To compete against the best overseas sport sedans, you need to have all-wheel drive and the ATS offers it with either the turbo or the V6. So if you have to deal with the white stuff during the winter, don't worry, this Caddy's got you covered. And when the snow melts, just throw on some summer tires and let all-wheel drive add to the fun on winding roads.
The cool thing about the 2013 Cadillac ATS is that it's globally competitive -- a true alternative to European performance cars, not an American afterthought. If you're looking for a compact sport sedan, you owe yourself a test drive in Cadillac's latest.


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Right now the Interwebs are all ablaze with debate over Zack Snyder's Sucker Punch, which debuted this past weekend (read our review HERE). The film - previously heralded as one of the most anticipated films of 2011 - ultimately got KO'd as both a critical and financial dud.
That hard hit already has the fanboy community clogging website comment threads with prophecies of doom in regards to Snyder's next film, the Superman reboot, Man of Steel.
Here at Screen Rant we've recently been critical of the fickle opinions of fanboys when it comes to comic book movies, and the reactions to each casting and/or development announcement about Man of Steel have certainly proven some of our criticisms. Every single decision about this Superman movie seems to piss off a section of the fanboy nation: General Zod and Lex Luthor as possible villains; Henry Cavill as Superman; three-time Academy Award Nominee Amy Adams as Lois Lane; even Kevin Costner as Jonathan Kent and Diane Lane as Martha Kent. Certain sections of fanboys have been crying that it is all "Wrong! Wrong! Wrong!" and that Superman is doomed before cameras even start rolling on his latest cinematic outing, which Snyder has promised will envision the character in a more grounded and realistic way (unlike many of his other films).
Zack Snyder being tapped as the director of Man of Steel was always a controversial choice among fanboys - surprising, really, considering that Snyder was heretofore known primarily as 'the fanboys' director,' after delivering film adaptations of Frank Miller's 300 and Alan Moore/Dave Gibbons' Watchmen that were both extremely faithful to their respective source material in terms of aesthetic and story. Heck, back at Comic Con '09 I even saw Snyder hop into a boxing ring to accept the "Fans Award" for the loyalty he showed to comic book source material - how many directors get that much love from geeks?
Still, even with all the debate over Snyder helming Man of Steel, fans (for the most part) initially took solace in the fact that Chris Nolan, Jonathan Nolan and David S. Goyer - the team behind both Batman Begins and The Dark Knight - would be overseeing the script and development of Superman's next onscreen outing. As discussions in our comment threads progressed, the prevailing attitude was that a Snyder/Nolan pairing would be one of mutual benefit: Snyder's knack for visuals and action would combine perfectly with the Batman team's knack for unique and engaging storytelling, resulting in a Superman film that would explore the character in fresh and exciting ways, while still delivering the epic action people want to see from the most powerful superhero of them all.
Now that Sucker Punch has...er, sucker punched even the most ardent Snyder fans with a story and film that is overly ambitious at best, exploitative and shallow at worst (you be the judge), it seems that people have forgotten all about the fact that the Nolans and Goyer tackled the initial job of crafting Man of Steel's development and script, despite Chris Nolan ultimately "handing off" the picture to Snyder in order to focus on his third Batman film, The Dark Knight Rises. In the days since Sucker Punch has been released, I've personally read hundreds of comments on dozens of sites, all echoing the assertion that Zack Snyder's apparent failure with the first film he both wrote and directed automatically spells doom for 'his Superman movie.'
This is, of course, not at all the case.


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Shocking but not surprising if true.
A civil rights lawsuit filed by Thomas More Law Center (TMLC) on behalf of four Christians wrongfully arrested for proselytizing at an Arab Festival, alleges that Dearborn police and the local level government may be enforcing Sharia law - including covering up "honor killing" murders.
The four Christians, who are members of Acts 17 Apologetics Ministries, make this claim on their Answering Muslims website:
On a horrifying note, one of the police officers in the jail told us that there are honor killings in Dearborn but that they get covered up by the police department. He said that he had walked into houses where girls had been beheaded or had had their throats slit. (But check the local newspapers. You won't find any mention of these crimes.) The officer told us that some of the officers in the department support what we're doing.
I wouldn't be surprised if the Dearborn media was complicit in helping to cover up these crimes as well.
These allegations are included in the 96 page complaint filed by TMLC.
A full account of the events that led up to the arrest and, ultimately, filing the lawsuit can be read at Answering Muslims. But not only can you read the full account, most of it is documented with video, which is also available at the link.
Read the complaint:
(Cross-posted at The Jawa Report)


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Ordinary people on an ordinary street in an ordinary town on an ordinary day. If it's all so ordinary, why does one of David Weightman's old ladies seem to be crushing another, and why is a disembodied hand creeping around the corner? Explore Weightman's alternate reality in these seemingly simple snapshots, and read Alice Rawsthorn's essay exploration for clues at what lies beneath.
Images by David Weightman


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And other myths concerning everything Traditional
1. By it's very nature, the TLM prohibits lay participation in the Mass. Wrong. To quote Pope John Paul II; "silent prayer is active participation".
2. Traditionalists believe that you have to be a baptized Catholic to even hope of attaining salvation. All non-Catholics are going straight to hell. Wrong. That particular heresy (Feenyism) has been rejected by the vast majority of Traditionalists. In fact, some of the more strident supporters of Invincible Ignorance are Traditionalists, probably because they actually understand what I.I. really teaches.
3. During the TLM, the priest turns his back to the people. Wrong. The priest joins with the people in facing God physically present in the Tabernacle. It really is all about God, and not all about us.
4. The SSPX is sedevacantist (believes that there is currently no valid pope). Wrong. The SSPX has always looked upon our pope as the valid, legitimate Pontiff of the Holy Catholic Church.
5. Traditionalist reject ecumenism. Wrong. Traditionalists wholeheartedly accept and embrace ecumenism. That is if you define true ecumenism as converting heretics and pagans to the One True Church.
6. The Latin Mass didn't even exist until the Council of Trent (the mid-1500's). Wrong. The Latin Mass dates back to the time of Pope Saint Gregory the Great in the 6th century. Even before that, the Canon of the Mass dates to the 4th century, and the Latin Mass itself was in it's infancy in the 1st century. The Consecration has remained unchanged since Saints Peter and Paul first preached in Rome.
7. Traditionalists reject Vatican II. Wrong. The vast majority of Traditionalists recognize V2 for what it really is... a valid Council that essentially said "let's talk about this" rather than "this is the way it's going to be".
8. Mel Gibson is "an SSPXer". Wrong. Mel Gibson attends Mass as celebrated by a so-called independent priest.
9. Traditionalists expect you to wear expensive clothing to Mass. Wrong. Traditionalists expect everyone to wear their best... even if their best is a pair of overalls and a pull-over shirt. No one should ever purposfully dress-down to attend Mass. After all, we're going to The Lord's House, not a barbecue at the beach.
10. No one understands what's going on at a TLM. That would be true only if you're;
a. Illiterate.
b. Too lazy to ask "hey, could someone explain to me what's going on"?
c. Too lazy to learn some of the more basic prayers in Latin.
d. Irreversibly stupid.
Understanding what's going on at a TLM isn't really all that difficult. Just don't expect everything to be dumb-downed and spoon-fed to you. Yes, we're expected to put forth at least some effort.


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Slimming Beauty Bitter Orange Slimming Capsules: Undeclared Drug Ingredient
Audience: Consumers
ISSUE: FDA notified consumers that Slimming Beauty Bitter Orange Slimming Capsules contain the active pharmaceutical ingredient sibutramine, a prescription-only drug which is a stimulant. Sibutramine is not listed on the product label and could harm consumers, especially those with cardiovascular conditions, because it can lead to elevated blood pressure, stroke, and heart attack. Consumers who are otherwise healthy and who take the amount of sibutramine found in Slimming Beauty capsules can experience anxiety, nausea, heart palpitations, a racing heart, insomnia, and elevated blood pressure. Sibutramine also may interact with other medications and can cause serious side effects.
BACKGROUND: Slimming Beauty is being sold over the Internet by Beautiful Health Inc., formerly LL Health and Beauty. Slimming Beauty sample packets also have been distributed by individuals at community events.
RECOMMENDATION: Consumers should discontinue use immediately. The FDA News Release provides product photos.
Healthcare professionals and patients are encouraged to report adverse events or side effects related to the use of this product to the FDA's MedWatch Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program:
- Complete and submit the report Online: www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm
- Download form or call 1-800-332-1088 to request a reporting form, then complete and return to the address on the pre-addressed form, or submit by fax to 1-800-FDA-0178
[10/08/2010 - News Release - FDA]


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Unqualified To Drive\Live
2 years ago
I am a father of six "busy" children. In cyberspace I am known as "CWG" I passionately pursue biblical truth and desire to walk others in that truth. I love going for coffee, (Tim Horton's double double). I enjoy hockey, Calgary flames are my fave. My desire here is to upload my thoughts from my mind to some place in the cyber world, and hopefully you will be edified and encouraged as I share the things that I am learning and processing.
Hey Bro',
For those of us who don't kneel to the bean could you do the odd TWG. (Tea with God ;-) )
hehe tea is good too...as long as it's Tetley....


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After some deliberation, Fabian and I have decided to visit London in September. We sort of went back and forth and he kept giving me the run around, just as he does anytime I try to convince him to take a trip. We didn't take a vacation together last year, with the exception of a long weekend in San Francisco for his birthday and my trip to Spain, which was more like work since I took students.I was rooting for Spain for a while (I fell head over heels in love with it last summer) to which he would reply, "We'll see". One day, I randomly threw London into the mix and he could not have been more excited. I think the key is to find a destination he is really interested in as well. We are both really looking forward to this trip because we've never been to London before and we have wanted to visit for quite some time.
I've started making a list of all of the major sites we'd like to see (Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, The Tower of London, Westminster Abbey, The Tate Modern, The National Gallery, The Globe Theatre, etc). However, I would appreciate any tips you might be willing to give. Are there any specific places that we must see? Anything you felt was disappointing? Recommendations for restaurants would be great, too (mostly casual places). I would honestly love any insider tips you would be willing to offer.
Image found here.


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A photographic print of a Banksia with soft green, mauves & brown tones on a black background.
Love Your Space wall art is professionally printed with premium inks on high quality matte stock.
You now have the option to add a white border around your image. Adding a white border will not change the overall size of your print.
I recommend that you do not add on a white border if your frame already has a mat insert.
If you are ordering framed prints, then I recommend that you add a white border as my frames do not come with mat inserts.
I offer sizes:
A3 (29.7cm x 42cm)A2 (42cm x 59.4cm)50cm x 70cmA1 (59.4cm x 84.1cm)60cm x 90cm70cm x 100cmA0 (84.1cm x 118.9cm)
Not all of my prints go up to the larger sizes. The available sizes are displayed in the drop-down menu of the product.
If you're using the Kmart 61cm x 91.5cm frame, you can order the 60cm x 90cm print, then pop in the additional information box on checkout that you'd like me to re-size to fit this frame.
Framing (Australian customers only)
All frames are made to order. The current framing turnaround time is 2 weeks from placing your order.
All frames are made from a high quality sustainable timber in either an oak, black or white finish. Frame dimensions are 2cm width 2-3cm depth. Frames are all fitted with a 3mm shinkolite acrylic (higher clarity than glass).
Please note that my frames do not come with mat inserts, so if you'd like a 4cm (5cm on larger sizes) white border around your print, then please select 'yes' for white border.
Frame choices below (oak, black or white)
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If you have not received your order within 10 days from purchase you need to contact me immediately, so I can rectify this.
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All framed art is made to order. It's produced & manufactured in Australia, so please allow 2 weeks for delivery.
If your print has been damaged in transit, please let me know immediately so I can organise a replacement.
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If you simply change your mind, exchanging goods and refunding goods is at the discretion of Love Your Space.
Black Cockatoo
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… for the Linwood College appeal.
Cheques payable to:
Linwood School PTA – Orchestra
PO Box 19760
Christchurch 8241
New Zealand
DIRECT NZ BANK TRANSFERS and LARGE OVERSEAS DONATIONS:
Orchestra Trust Fund
Ainger Tomlin Trust Account
Ref No: L1015
It is imperative to cite the reference number as that identifies the College Orchestra account.
NB: Trust accounts incur a transaction/exchange fee, so it is best used for large-scale ($500+) international donations, using the following SWIFT code for the bank: ANZBNZ22.
PAYPAL for INTERNATIONAL DONATIONS:
PayPal instruction:
PayPal account ID: firstname.lastname@example.com
Or use the donate button on:
Let's get stuck in, you lot.
Tags: appeals, charity, current events


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Pass the spread, please.
In our family, we have real butter for a few special occasions during the year. The rest of the year, we misapply the word "butter" to any butter substitute. We say "Please pass the butter," when there hasn't been butter in the house for months. What we really mean is, "Please pass the spread."
We like the word "butter" a bit better than "spread." I think most people do.
I've never seen a butter advertisement that claimed it tasted just like spread. However, lots of spreads claim to taste like butter. It's clear which word has a desirable connotation.
(If you wondered where this post is going, we have now arrived.)
Have you ever noticed this? With no added letters and only a slight punctuation change, the spread named "I Can't Believe It's Not Butter!" would be named "I Can't Believe It! Snot Butter!"
Snot butter provided material for kitchen table jokes at our house for years. A few days ago, I asked Keely to get the butter out of the refrigerator. When she found a tub of "I Can't Believe It's Not Butter," she made a scornful remark about "what you call butter."
I figured she was testing me to see if I still remembered, so I replied, "That's not butter; that's snot butter!"
She seemed oddly pleased.
By the way, a Google search reveals that quite a few people have read the words "Snot Butter" on the tub of spread!


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- Home >
- Pure Water >
- Commercial & Industrial Water Conditioning & RO Systems >
- Anti-Scale Systems >
- Tank Based Systems - Cold Water (up to 450 gpm) > OF1252-30
OneFlow® Anti-Scale System for up to 30 gpm (113.6 lpm)
3/4, 1 or 1 1/4 in. (20, 25 or 32mm)
Provides protection from scale formation on internal and external plumbing surfaces. The OneFlow® system may be installed at the point entry to a building to treat both hot and cold water, or it can be located directly before a water heater, boiler or other hot water-using device that requires protection from the ill effects of hard water.
To preview and download BIM Drawings for this product, please select a model/size from the list.
Disclaimer: Watts product dimensions in U.S. customary units and metric are approximate and are provided for reference only. For precise measurements, please contact Watts Technical Service. Watts reserves the right to change or modify product design, construction, specifications, or materials without prior notice and without incurring any obligation to make such changes and modifications on Watts products previously or subsequently sold.
Please Note: Watts literature requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view.


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House immigration talks wild, wacky
For the second time in two weeks, Democratic and Republican negotiators on immigration have emerged from meeting rooms on Capitol Hill, coyly saying some variation of "we've made progress" or "we have a deal in principle" — or dodging the press altogether.
What lawmakers have discovered is that an agreement in principle means nothing when the principals don't agree.
Story Continued Below
It's been a dizzying experience for everyone in the Capitol — from leadership on down — who hasn't the faintest idea of what the group of eight lawmakers are doing behind closed doors.
( PHOTOS: 9 wild immigration quotes)
While the Senate is set to take up its bill next month that would provide for a pathway to citizenship for 11 million undocumented immigrants, the House talks have been a roller coaster of threats, unofficial statements and self-imposed deadlines.
The irony of this process is that the House's immigration bill will never become law — it's only a vehicle to get to a conference negotiation with the Senate. In fact, many Democrats are hoping that the House bill implodes, leaving the Senate bill as the only viable option.
( PHOTOS: At a glance: The Senate immigration deal)
Here's where things stand: Sources familiar with the talks — and, by design, there aren't many — say that an agreement is close enough that they will begin drafting language.
The biggest lingering issue — if the government should subsidize any health care for immigrants seeking citizenship — appears to be settled. Under a tentative deal reached Thursday, immigrants who are in the United States illegally would need to buy their own insurance, and if they accept government subsidized care, they're out of the country. Republicans agreed to exempt emergency care.
"We're hoping that we have a fix that conforms with, you know, some basic principles," said Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart (R-Fla.), one of the eight negotiators. "Which is that these people that we're dealing with — that we're trying to deal with — do not become a public charge."
Everything settled then?
Nope. Not even close.
Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) raised another potential concern Thursday — one involving the legislation's trigger. Republicans have crafted a so-called trigger mechanism that shuts down the legalization program if E-Verify — an employment verification system — isn't in place in five years.
Democrats in the negotiations had gone along with the E-Verify trigger — but not happily.
"It's not the immigrants' responsibility to make sure E-Verify works," Pelosi said. "So we just have to hope E-Verify works, or else the whole deal is off. The whole arrangement is off, and millions of what we call probationary immigrants then revert to the status that is not a path to legalization."
The problems don't end there. Democrats are concerned that Republicans want to make the E-Verify program subject to the wild world of congressional appropriations. In other words, if someone decides that 11 million undocumented immigrants should not become citizens, they could withhold federal funds, and the process would collapse. Republicans privately say they aren't bending on this point. If that trigger becomes an issue, the entire bill could crumble.


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Farmingdale State - 3, Purchase - 0
Purchase, N.Y. - The Farmingdale State women's soccer team shutout Purchase, 3-0, in a road Skyline Conference match last night. The Rams improved to 8-6 overall and 3-2 in conference action with the victory.
With only 4:15 remaining in the first half, senior forward Christina Merrill (Levittown, N.Y.) put the Rams ahead 1-0 as she scored off the cross by freshman forward Ashlee Thompson (Ronkonkoma, N.Y.). Farmingdale State held Purchase (6-6, 4-2) without either a shot or corner kick in first half.
In the 77th minute, Thompson increased the Rams advantage to 2-0 as she scored off a rebound in front of the net. Less than seven minutes later, freshman forward Sara Rivadeneyra (Longwood, N.Y.) scored her first career goal on a header to cap off the 3-0 victory for Farmingdale State.
The Rams outshot Purchase 25-3 and did not allow the Panthers to attempt a shot on goal.
Farmingdale State next will travel to Ithaca for a non-conference game on Saturday, October 13th at 1:00 p.m.


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DAC Collection Artist Information
Franz Brun, aka Franz Brun I
German draftsman and engraver, active Cologne
Brief biography, in most instances from the Union List of Artist Names® Online:
Brun, a draftsman and engraver, worked in the style of the Nuremberg "Little Masters." His many known engravings include animal and fencing scenes, military figures, Turkish figures, rustic genre scenes, allegories, coats of arms and ornaments. His cycle depicting Christ, the Twelve Apostles and St Paul (1562-1563) is initialled, but Brun also used a monogram, formerly wrongly identified as that of Friedrich Brentel I. He has also been falsely attributed with a copy of Albrecht Dürer's Passion engraving, which is actually the work of another Franz Brun (active in Cologne, 1589-1652).
Artist ID number in the Union List of Artist Names®: ULAN 500012185.
The ULAN link above leads to a cataloging authority record at the Getty Research Institute.
Objects related to Franz Brun, aka Franz Brun I:
|Franz Brun
|Two Officers on Horseback and Three Foot Soldiers, 1559
|Franz Brun
|Man with Cannon, 1559
|Franz Brun
|Soldiers on the March, 1559
ULAN biographical content is displayed with permission of the Getty Research Institute. Some ULAN content in some DAC artist records has been lightly edited. Content from the Getty Research Institute is © 2019 The J. Paul Getty Trust. All rights reserved.


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Jan. 23, 2006
SANTA BARBARA, Calif. - UCSB men's and women's teams look forward to closing out the dual meet season against Big West Championship rival UNLV on Saturday, January 28, 2006 at Campus Pool.
Nine Gauchos senior swimmers will be honored for their athleticism and leadership during the half point of the meet. This is a great opportunity for friends and alumni to come out and wish the best to these swimmers as the last official dual meet of the season. Next dual meet will be against University of California Berkeley and will be a non-scoring meet.
The five senior men include co-captains T.K. Erwin and Garrett Porteous, as well as Grant Hurst, Robbie Dame, and Pat Ota. For the women four will be honored including co-captains Jen Cook and Shannon Avison, as well as Danielle Taylor and Allison Eller.
UNLV brings tough competition to the pool. Long time rivals, 25 years according to Head Coach Gregg Wilson, who will be brining their top lineups to the pool on Saturday.
"Each team brings out the best in the other," Wilson stated. He will have his top lineup ready to face UNLV as he remains confident and optimistic about Saturday's swims. "I expect outstanding performances from both sides."
After this meet the Gauchos will be preparing for the championship part of the season including the Big West Championship and NCAA meets.
"We are grateful for all the contributions to our program that the senior athletes have given us" stated Wilson "and we are looking forward to the exciting conclusion of this years season."


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A look back at QExpo 2011 as posted by Chip-
A short note from John Carmack:
"I could write an awful lot about Quake, but since we are in the final crunch for Rage right now, I'll have to settle for just a few random thoughts.
I have a bit more subdued memory of Quake than many of our other projects, because the development was so tough. It was the first project where I really had to grapple with my personal limitations; I had bitten off a little more than I could chew with all the big steps at once – full 3D world, 3D characters, light maps, PVS calculations, game scripting, client / server networking, etc. No matter how hard I worked, things just weren't getting done when we wanted them to.
My defining memory of the game was fairly early in development, when I no-clipped up into a ceiling corner and looked down as a Shambler walked through the world with its feet firmly planted on the ground. This looked like nothing I had ever seen before; it really did seem like I had a window into another world. Of course, as soon as he had to turn, the feet started to slide around because we didn't have pivot points and individual joint modifications back then, but it was still pretty magical.
It seems silly now, but at the time we were very concerned that people wouldn't be able to deal with free look mouse control, and we had lots of options to restrict pitch changes and auto-center when you started moving.
The internet gaming aspect was almost an accident. I had moved from Doom's peer-to-peer networking to client/server primarily to allow late game entry, and UDP was supported because I was still doing a lot of the development on NEXTSEP unix workstations. The idea of playing over the internet was always there, but I didn't think it would be practical for many people due to the long latencies and variable performance of typical connections. When it turned out that people were doing it despite the low quality, it gave me the incentive to develop the alternative QuakeWorld executable with the various latency reduction mechanisms.
The other important alternative executable was glQuake, which played a significant role in the early days of 3D accelerators. 3DFX was the gold standard back then – Nvidia's RIVA128 had poor subpixel precision and didn't handle all the blend modes properly. In fact, almost everyone was under the incorrect assumption that blending was only good for alpha transparency, even companies like 3DLabs that should have known better.
Competitive deathmatch had gotten started with Doom, but the Red Annihilation Quake tournament was a high point, where I gave my first turbo Ferrari away to Thresh for his dominating tournament win.
I look back at Quake as the golden age of game modding, before the standards rose so high that it required almost a full time commitment to do something relevant. I am very proud that many of today's industry greats trace their start back to working with Quake.
The most important thing about quake for me was that I met my wife when she organized the first all-female Quake tournament. She still thinks Quake was the seminal achievement of Id, and she glowers at me whenever I bemoan how random the design was. :)"


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