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|26th June 2006
Join Date: July 2005
Posts: 1,784
Emma, Lady Hamilton
As we noted in our discussion of Countess Ekaterina Skavronskaia, only one living goddess rivalled this legendary beauty for the title of "the most desirable woman in the world" in the late 1700s, and that was the celebrated English rose, Emma, Lady Hamilton.
Today, Lady Hamilton is chiefly remembered as the lover of Horatio Nelson--the heroic British admiral who crushed the French navy at the Battle of Trafalgar, thus saving England from invasion, and ensuring Napoleon's downfall. But Emma was also the greatest artistic muse of her time. She was revered as the perfect embodiment of Classical beauty, and inspired the creation of countless artistic masterpieces.
Lady Hamilton was also a media celebrity before the mass media even existed, "always . . . surrounded by a crowd of admirers" (Sherrard 90). Wherever she went, "Emma was the centre of town gossip, with her every outing the subject of conversation," and perpetually had "all the world following her and talking of her" (Peakman 60), just as today's Hollywood starlets monopolize public attention.
Emma first attracted notice through a dalliance with an English nobleman, and even as an early age, it was apparent to everyone who saw her that she had been blessed with the "beauty that nature bestows but once or twice in a century" (Barrington 31).
Nothing could be more beautiful than her countenance or more commanding than her figure at this time; the first had an unusual mixture of angelic softness . . . the other . . . would equally have served for the splendour of an Imperial throne, or the couch of voluptuous sensuality. (Sherrard 232)
Her peaches-and-cream complexion, a "velvet skin of lilies and roses" (Barrington 375), endowed her with the fair features that have been revered as the epitome of feminine loveliness throughout history. In her letters, Emma herself marvelled: "I am remarkably fair, that every body says; I put on red and white" (Sherrard 93). She also possessed "long auburn hair (with a hint of gold) and blue-grey eyes" (Peakman 7). Society raved about her "rounded arms" (Barrington 96).
Emma's allure was so extraordinary that the noted portraitist George Romney was commissioned to capture her beauty on canvas. The moment that he laid eyes on her, Romney was spellbound--so much so, that he spent the rest of his career immortalizing her beauty in one painting after another. The artist "was patently in love with his model," Romney's biographer records, but "it was a worshipful obsession on Romney's part, with Emma, like Dante's Beatrice, as the focus of his inspiration" (Cross 121).
For many years, Romney continued to work on pictures of Emma even after she had left England. In all she sat for him almost 300 times and he made over 50 pictures of her. It was Romney's paintings of her which preserved her image and helped establish her enduring fame. Emma was Romney's muse, stirring him to greater art. (Peakman 22-23)
However, Emma was no lifeless mannequin. Her natural flair for dramatic expression made her "a collaborator, rather than a passive model" (Cross 121), a co-creator of her own artistic legacy. Significantly, Romney's attentions also increased her awareness of her own allure: "His interest flattered her vanity, especially as it was exciting for her to see her beauty appearing on canvas" (Cross 121).
Emma's vanity was considerable--as is that of any true goddess--and over time, her vanity grew in proportion with her beauty, making her even more desirable. History records that "she was perfectly well aware of her own beauty" (Sherrard 33); furthermore, that "flattery was as necessary to her as the air she breathed" (Russell 66), and that she had "an incessant need to . . . be admired" (Simpson 80).
"He does nothing but entertains her with my beauty, the accounts of it" (Sherrard 93)
This bewitching vanity never abated throughout her life. A contemporary report describing the relationship between Emma and Nelson asserts that "Lord Nelson thinks of nothing but Lady Hamilton, who is totally occupied by the same subject" (Fraser 236). Another observer perceived that
there is something of the imperial air [about Lady Hamilton] . . . So a Roman lady might sit, indolently watching the sufferings of the amphitheatre, basking in the beams of her own beauty. (Barrington 331)
Another characteristic that Emma shared with every true goddess was a delight in being pampered and spoiled, and a craving for "living the good life"--the life that she knew she deserved. She found the means to do so in the person of Sir William Hamilton, the English Ambassador to Naples--and the man who would ultimately marry her, giving her the title of Lady Hamilton.
He welcomed Emma the next day with open arms and treated her like a princess. A suite of four rooms had been prepared for her overlooking the bay, and carriages, servants and boats placed at her disposal. Every day there was some entertainment or amusement--dinners, operas, plays--a whirl of distraction and gaiety, with Sir William hovering round, anticipating her least wish. (Sherrard 83-84)
After becoming Lady Hamilton, Emma grew deliciously "capricious, spoilt and extravagant" (Sherrard 12), relishing a lifestyle that allowed her to be "petted and spoilt, living in magnificence and careless of money" (Sherrard 321).
Emma shared one other characteristic with the most beautiful women in history: an abiding love of self-indulgence. One contemporary said of Emma that "Her ruling passions seem to me vanity, avarice, and love for the pleasures of the table" (Hudson 165), and modern biographers state simply, "She ate and drank what she liked; she was a big girl" (Russell 23). One of Lady Hamilton's biographers, having catalogued her receipts, notes the extraordinarily sums that she spent on sundry delicacies: "wherefrom we can deduce . . . a healthy appetite for bread and butter" (Barrington 50). And Emma's own letters refer more often to her delight in self-indulgence than to any other passions:
"I stopt one hour with them and had all the good things to eat . . ." (Barrington 175)
In fact, Emma's diaries suggest that her life as Lady Hamilton oriented itself more around self-indulgence than around any other activity. She describes
going twice a week to town to give dinners, balls, etc. etc. returning here at 2 or 3 o'clock in the morning after the fatigue of a dinner of fifty, and ball and supper of 3 hundred, then to dress early in the morning to go to Court to dinner at twelve o'clock as the Royal Family dine early . . . (Sherrard 162)
This passion, too, continued throughout Emma's life. In preparation for a visit from Emma, Nelson left the following instructions with his household: "See to it, Fanny, that there is a good table for Lady Hamilton is used to the best of everything, and especially good food" (Hardwick 161).
Inevitably, Lady Hamilton became more curvaceous by virtue of her self-indulgence: "Emma expanded daily in the atmosphere of warm caressing admiration which was her soul's delight" (Barrington 101). Visitors noted that she "appeared to be growing every day--in all directions at once" (Simpson 80).
Far from diminishing her allure, her sumptuous curves won her renown as the living embodiment of Classical beauty. Long before plus-size models brought the Classical ideal back to life in our own day and age, Lady Hamilton revived the feminine aesthetic of Antiquity for her own time. She was revered as "a Roman beauty, opulent, luxuriant, dominating, the perfect classic re-animated for the rapture of the eighteenth century" (Barrington 101).
the most amazing beauty that ever my eyes lit on . . . Contemplating her from the point of view of a student of the perfect standard of the antique I know no alteration I could have recommended either in face or figure . . . Her masses of hair spring from a brow as low and broad as the Clytie's, the length and roundness of her throat suggest our Roman Venus, the moulding of back and bosom the Venus [de Medici] . . . (Barrington 43-44)
A famous nun visiting with Emma told her, "Your figure and features are rare, for you are like the marble statues I saw, when I was in the world" (Sherrard 114). Some contemporary observers even considered her beauty superior to the Classical past. According to William Locke, "all the statues and pictures he had seen were in grace so inferior to her, as scarce to deserve a look" (Sherrard 136).
No one revered her Classical qualities more than did her besotted husband, Sir William Hamilton. A collector of Greek antiquities, and a scholar of some note, Hamilton conceived of Emma as Helen of Troy for the 1790s. "She was Hamilton's living embodiment of ideal Greek beauty," history tells us, "the Galatea to his Pygmalion, whom he regarded with the eyes of a connoisseur and who became his own living work of art" (Jenkins 84).
You do not know how good Sr. Wm. is to me. he is doing every thing he can to make me happy. He has never dined out since I came here and indeed to speak the truth he is never out of my sight. He breakfasts, dines, sups, and is constantly by me, looking at my face. I can't stir a hand, a leg, or foot but he is marking it as graceful and fine. (Sherrard 85)
Emma's increasingly curvaceous figure was particularly adored by Hamilton. As Emma notes in another letter: "He thinks I am grown much more handsome than I was, he does nothing all day but look at me and sigh" (Sherrard 86).
Although Emma had an insatiably sensual nature, and a Classically voluptuous figure, her soft, angelic facial features simultaneously gave her beauty a spiritual quality. In this, she belonged more to the Renaissance than to Antiquity--a harmonious blending of Christian and Classical principles.
Emma merited her reputation as a "living work of art" not only by virtue of her Classical beauty, but also because she devised a unique form of performance art, one involving brief scenes of acting and dancing, which became famous throughout Europe as "Lady Hamilton's Attitudes."
series of theatrical mimes and poses in which she represented various figures from classical literature, myth and history . . . While performing her 'attitudes', Emma created a living gallery of statues and paintings by clever manipulation of her long shawl, her pose and facial expression, and the use of props, such as a vase. She acted a succession of characters, for example from a Roman maiden making an offering, to a devotional saint, to the classical figure Medea slaying her child. The audiences - connoisseurs and Grand Tourists - for whom Emma performed her poses, would all have recognised the various characters familiar to them in the form of classical sculptures and in depictions in Old Master paintings. Her audiences were profoundly impressed both by how she seemed able to bring to life the characters shown in famous works of art and the emotional intensity she conveyed in a performance.
No less a luminary than the great Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, the supreme poet of the day, attended one of Lady Hamilton's performances. In his Italian Journey, Goethe describes the impression that Emma made upon him:
She is very lovely, and has a good figure. [Sir Hamilton] has had a Grecian costume made for her that suits her to perfection, and she lets down her hair, takes a few shawls, and varies her postures, gestures, expressions, etc., until at last the onlooker really thinks he is dreaming. In her movements and surprising variety one sees perfected what so many thousands of artists would have liked to achieve. Standing, kneeling, sitting, lying, grave, sad, roguish, wanton, penitent, enticing, menacing, fearful, etc.., one follows upon the other and from the other. She knows how to choose and change the folds of her veil to set off each expression, and makes herself a hundred different headdresses with the same cloths. (Goethe 171)
With this deft use of poses and facial expressions, and the manipulation of her wardrobe, what Lady Hamilton was actually doing while performing her Attitudes was . . . modelling (long before fashion modelling even existed). In a very real sense, then, she deserves to be regarded as the world's first plus-size model.
Not only was Emma the predecessor of today's plus-size models in the fact that her figure exhibited Classical proportions, and that she employed modelling techniques in performing her "Attitudes," but also because "Emma's pictures had a bearing on the trend of fashion" in her time (Sherrard 33), and effectively became the Vogue magazine of the day.
The ladies of Emma's youth wore head-dresses of anything up to three feet in height and stiff, long-waisted stays. Romney always preferred nature and truth; he allowed Emma's hair to fall free, and clothed her in simple drapery, after the manner of ancient Greece. (Sherrard 33)
Anticipating elements of today's "New Femininity" in fashion, Emma popularized longer hairstyles possessing "voluptuous volume," and an avoidance of any body-constricting "shapewear" ("stiff, long-waisted stays"), instead preferring gowns that were body-conscious, and closely embraced her generous curves. One infatuated observer enthused how "the thin white shirt clung to her opulent figure" (Hardwick 54). And Emma herself recorded that during one soirée, "though I was in an undress, only having on a muslin chemise very thin, yet the admiration I met with was surprising . . . all allowed they never had seen such a belissima creatura in all their life" (Sherrard 120-21).
Sir W. Has given me a camel's shawl like my old one. I know you will be pleased to hear that and he has given me a beautiful gown, cost 25 guineas, India painting on white satin . . . and is going to buy me some muslin dresses loose to tie with a sash for the hot weather, made like the Turkish dresses, the sleeves tied in folds with ribbon and trimmed with lace, in short he is always contriving what he shall get for me. (Sherrard 86)
Even while Nelson was at sea, leading the British navy in its life-or-death struggle against Napoleon's fleet, his letters reveal that he devoted as much thought to the fashions and accessories that he could obtain for Emma as he did to naval strategies:
I have sent to Naples, to try and get some shawls from the King's manufactory: and have requested Mr. Falconet to ask his wife to choose some for you, and also some fine Venetian chains. I only wish, my dear Emma, that I knew what you would like, and I would order them with real pleasure; therefore, pray tell me. (Nelson 85)
In his Encomium of Helen, the Roman orator Isocrates describes how the beauty of Helen of Troy was the genesis of Greek civilization, in both its artistic and martial aspects. On the one hand, "she stood over Homer at night and directed him to write about those who had campaigned against Troy," thus giving birth to Classical literature and art, and on the other, "it is owing to Helen that we are not the slaves of the barbarians. For we shall find that it was because of her that the Greeks became united in harmonious accord." Helen was the ideal that gave Classical civilization form and purpose.
Last edited by HSG : 31st December 2006 at 20:04.
|30th June 2006
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Posts: 517
Re: Emma, Lady Hamilton
Yes, Lady Hamilton was the equivalent of a paparazzi darling in her time. But how different her example was, from the example provided by the tanorexic celebrities of our own day and age! Whereas modern celebrities encourage women to punish themselves with starvation and exercise-torture, the celebrities of past centuries showed women that they could embrace their natural figures, and eat whatever they liked -- and as much as they liked.
How remarkable (and wonderful) to experience the attitude towards the female body that prevailed in another time -- a saner and better time than ours, a time when a woman's beauty was considered "much improved" when her figure became fuller.
In addition to the Helen of Troy comparison, I think one could also liken Lady Hamilton to Venus, the goddess of beauty. Venus was romantically involved with both Vulcan, the artificer, and Mars, the god of war. Those two neatly parallel the roles that Sir William Hamilton, the classicist, and Nelson, the warrior, played in Emma's life.
|31st December 2006
Join Date: July 2005
Posts: 1,784
Re: Emma, Lady Hamilton
We have discussed how Lady Hamilton influenced the arts of painting and sculpture, and even created an art form of her own--her "Attitudes," which merged acting, dance, and posing into a unique form of aesthetic performance, similar to present-day fashion modelling.
What is less widely known, at least in English-speaking countries, is the extent of her influence on literature.
Lady Hamilton was the prototype for the title character of Madame de Staël's Romantic novel, Corinne. (De Staël describes Corinne as having a "tall, slightly plump figure, in the style of a Greek statue.") And, as we have already noted, she features prominently in Goethe's Italian Journey.
If ever a human being arrived at the perfection of beauty, then it was Emma, Lady Hamilton. If you looked long at herand who could wrest the eye away?the goddess appeared where the woman stood. (11)
Dumas also records that, like present-day goddesses such as Christina Schmidt, Lady Hamilton enjoyed lounging in bed throughout the morning and long past noon, noting that Emma was supremely
indolent, so that often half the day was gone before she began her day . . . (241)
Dumas also gives us the most complete extant description of Emma's "Attitudes." In the following passage, he describes her performance on one of the most significant evenings of her life--the moment when she seduced Admiral Nelson:
Only those who participated in the queen [of Sicily]'s private evening parties, in which "Emma Lyonna" was the great charm and principal ornament, could relate to what height the modern Armida lifted her beholders in delirium and enthusiasm. If her magical poses and voluptuous pantomime had deep influence on northerners, how much more must they have electrified the violent southern imagination impassioned with song, music and poetry, and knowing Cimarosa and Metastasio by heart?
Dumas concludes his ardent account by describing the almost hypnotic trance in which the seductive moves of her voluptuous body held her audience:
When the queen retook her place, Emma Lyonna, wound in an Indian shawl fringed with gold, amid enthusiastic applause from her audience, was concluding a step by falling on a sofa with the reckless affectation of ease of a prima ballerina; no professional dancer had ever lifted her beholders to that seventh heaven; the ring around her when she began had, by insensible attraction, contracted, as if every one wished to feel the whirls of air and perfume which she sent forth. (102)
The sheer, overwhelming allure of Lady Hamilton's well-fed beauty and self-indulgent nature compelled the luminaries of her day to devote their energies to gratifying her limitless desires. She was a muse in the truest sense of the word, a goddess who inspired artisans to hone their talents to the highest, to immortalize her intoxicating presence for all eternity.
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STURBRIDGE — A New York actress who's portrayed both a cop and prisoner avoided a real-life experience behind bars, but she will be summoned to court to face charges involving her alleged attempt to flee Dec. 3 when a state trooper stopped her on Interstate 84.
Anita Storr, 63, of 232 E. 78th St., New York, allegedly told the state trooper who stopped her as she drove a damaged Fiat slowly along the highway that she's "played better cops" than him in her television and movie roles. Her resume lists her as a stunt driver in the movie "Cargo."
Ms. Storr is to be arraigned Feb. 25 in Dudley District Court on charges of leaving the scene of a property damage accident, failing to stop for a police officer and negligent driving. She was also issued a civil citation for a marked lanes violation. She has had small parts in television series, including "Ugly Betty," and a few movies, such as the 2012 Adam Sandler film, "That's My Boy," in which her uncredited role is listed on Internet Movie Database as a prisoner.
According to court documents, Trooper Jason E. Trout was monitoring eastbound traffic on I-84 about 5 a.m. Dec. 3, when a trucker told him an erratic driver was headed toward them. As the men were talking, the car, a 2013 Fiat, passed and the truck driver pointed it out.
Trooper Trout followed the car for about a half-mile and noticed it was going 35 to 40 mph where the speed limit was 65 mph, he wrote in his report. He noted the car was being driven "in a serpentine pattern," swaying from lane to lane.
When he stopped the car, the driver did not pull into the breakdown lane but instead stayed in the travel lane and put the car in park, he wrote. When he asked her to pull over into the breakdown lane, she stepped on the gas pedal, revving the car until the trooper explained she needed to put the car in drive first, the report states.
When the trooper told her another motorist had complained about her poor driving, she said, "That's nonsense," and told him she was headed to Boston, where she was working for a production company filming a movie. The report states the trooper did not smell alcohol, nor was the driver slurring her speech, though she told him she does take medication for a thyroid condition.
The Fiat had damage from the front quarter to the rear that had caused "structural and mechanical damage" which prevented the door from closing properly, the trooper wrote. Ms. Storr said the damage was caused by someone hitting her.
When Trooper Trout returned to his cruiser to gather more information about the vehicle, Ms. Storr allegedly drove off, and he followed her for about 3 miles using the blue lights, siren and air horn to urge her to pull over as she tried to close the broken door, he wrote.
The Fiat left the highway and got on Route 20 headed east, and Ms. Storr pulled in at an XtraMart gas station, where "she narrowly missed striking the gas pump and (Trooper Trout's) cruiser." He took her keys from her as she indicated she believed he was providing an escort to the gas station, according to police. The trooper warned her several times not to put fuel into the damaged car, which he was planning to have towed, as it was unsafe to drive.
The Fiat is registered to James L. Moskovitz of Long Beach, N.Y. He appears to have directed the 1988 film "Grand Slam: A Bases Loaded Celebration of Baseball hosted by Dick Schaap."
A clerk magistrate at Dudley District Court found probable cause to summon Ms. Storr to face the charges. She has hired Quincy lawyer George C. McMahon and is slated to appear for arraignment Feb. 25.
Contact Kim Ring at email@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @kimmring

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On the Beer Trail: The Alchemist's Heady Topper IPA in Vermont
Exploring the country, beer by beer.
Editor's Note: Ethan Fixell tours the country as a comedian—and as a beer drinker. Can he sip a local beer in every state? Watch him try.
Sometimes the ideal setting can elevate an excellent drink to perfection; relishing a place can make an enjoyable set of flavors even more delicious. I was lucky enough to experience this phenomenon in Burlington, Vermont, where I enjoyed one of the best beers of my life.
When my girlfriend and I took a ski weekend in Burlington, I couldn't resist manipulating the romantic getaway for my own selfish gain. (But then, with all the great beer to be had in Vermont, how could any ale-obsessed borderline alcoholic resist?) The selection at Sugarbush's ski lodges is limited, but offers some solid local standbys, including a refreshing Castlerock Ale from Otter Creek Brewing, and Switchback Brewing's smooth, sessionable namesake ale. If you're there, cut through the cold with Long Trail's Hibernator, a slightly creamy, sweetly malted winter warmer.
Slicing through fresh powder on an exciting ski trail (or, as it's known to my girlfriend: slowly saddling sideways down a mountain while praying for your life and damning your boyfriend's existence) is pretty difficult to top. That is, unless you have Burlington friends who can treat you to a beer from Lawson's Finest Liquids, a microbrewery which isn't open to the public for tours or tastings. Sampling their Oak-Aged Fayston Maple Imperial Stout, I felt like a Twilight character as I poured dark blood into my glass. This sweet, chocolatey beer proved a tasty late night treat.
And then our host permitted me to sample a snappy IPA served out of an unlabeled bottle: his very own homebrew.
"It turned out alright," he explained (and it certainly did), "but it doesn't come close to the beer it's modeled after."
I leaned in further. "Which would be...?"
"Heady Topper."
I had heard this name uttered many times before in my travels of New England bars and beer shops, the conversation almost always concluding with "...and hopefully we'll get some in again soon." Devastated by flooding caused by Hurricane Irene, the Alchemist Pub and Brewery was closed for good in August 2011. Fortunately, the Alchemist Cannery soon opened just a few miles down the road, brewing nothing but Heady Topper IPA. I feared that the tragic mythology behind this legendary nectar wouldn't allow it to live up to the hype, but I was determined to track some down.
I found it in a quintessential Vermont bar on Burlington's Bank Street. Wooden walls, giant communal tables, and a blazing fireplace make the basement lounge of the Farmhouse Tap and Grill the perfect winter refueling spot: it's like a ski lodge without the soggy socks or runny noses.
Each can of Heady Topper promises "wave after wave of hoppy goodness." It also requests that imbibers drink straight from the can rather than pouring into a glass. Never one for rebellion, I obliged, and the burst of hops (they use a proprietary blend of six different varieties) tinged with tropical fruit that filled my nostrils was almost unfathomable. The hops aren't any less intense in your mouth, and yet, despite its high ABV (8%), the beer goes down dangerously smoothly. Sitting in Farmhouse's romantic lodge, sipping the best East Coast IPA I've ever had with good friends and the woman I love, I simply couldn't have asked for anything more.
Except maybe some salted nuts. Those would have been good.
About the Author: Ethan Fixell is a writer and comedian from New York City best known as one half of comic "dating coach" duo Dave and Ethan. He is also the creator and editor of ActualConversation.com. For more on Ethan, visit EthanFixell.com.
This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Serious Eats. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.


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Screening interviews may take place on campus (OCI), via telephone, at a job fair, and in various other formal and informal settings. The typical screening interview is a 20 to 30 minute meeting with 1 or 2 interviewers. Public sector employers sometimes conduct only one round of interviews, therefore be aware that your initial interview may be your only meeting before the employer makes a decision.
Almost all legal employers will require one or more interviews, either in person or over the phone, before offering you a position for the summer. As a result, the interviewing stage is critical in the hiring process. While some students may feel more self-conscious than others about the prospect of talking with prospective employers, all students can master the art of the interview with proper preparation. Generally law school interviews do not have any questions directed toward determining your knowledge of "the law."
On-Campus Interviews: Frequently asked questions regarding on-campus interview schedules.
Meeting the Employer: The first few minutes of the interview are very important.
Following Up After Screening Interviews: Frequently asked questions about the next steps after your screening interview.
Call-Back Interviews: The call-back interview is an opportunity for both you and the employer to further explore whether there is a mutual interest in an employment relationship.
Expenses and the Reimbursement Process: What are reasonable interview expenses? There is not a comprehensive list of acceptable expenses, but here are some parameters to follow.
The Offer of Employment: You should acknowledge an offer of employment within 24 hours of receiving it.


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Bureau Receives NASA Group Achievement Award, May 23, 2000
SOCORRO, N.M., May 23, 2000 -- A field study of the Taos area conducted by geoscientists from the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources (NMBMMR) and New Mexico Tech, and done in conjunction with NASA's Astronaut Training Program, has resulted in the research group being named a recipient of the space agency's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Group Achievement Award.
Last summer, New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Tech researchers worked alongside NASA astronaut candidates, using gravity measurements to map geologic structures that exist far below Taos city streets and extend miles beneath the expanses of the Taos mesa.
Subsurface data gathered in the joint research and training program has allowed researchers to better understand how the specific locations of buried fractures in the Earth's crust, or "faults," correlate with the extent and placement of the area's limited groundwater resources.
At the same time, 31 prospective astronauts were provided with valuable "hands-on" training on properly conducting geophysical field surveys, garnering knowledge and skills which may eventually have practical applications in other-worldly locales, such as finding water below the surface of Mars.
"The program provided us with geophysical data that should be useful in evaluating groundwater availability in the Taos area," says Paul W. Bauer, assistant director and senior geologist at the NMBMMR. "And, at the same time, we also got the highest-quality field assistance that anyone could possibly hope for."
Patricia Dickerson, a NASA geoscientist who supervised the astronaut candidate exercise, initially approached Bauer with a mutually beneficial proposal to have astronauts-in-training work with Bureau geologists on the state agency's ongoing mapping and geohydrologic study of areas along the Rio Grande.
It was an offer which neither Bauer nor the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources could resist.
The Taos area's majestic landscape has long provided textbook examples of various landforms for geologists to study, and as such, has also served well as a backdrop for astronaut training exercises led by Bill Muehlberger of the University of Texas at Austin, going as far back as NASA's Apollo missions in the late-1960s.
However, last summer's NASA astronaut training program--with its 25 Americans and six international candidates--was the first collaborative project conducted with geoscientists from the
NMBMMR and New Mexico Tech.
"In the course of the program, we ran the astronauts through various exercises," Bauer says. "They collected geophysical data and then would radio the data back to a 'Mars base,' which was actually a pickup truck. Geologists at 'Mars base' would enter the data into their laptop and then process the gravity data that very day."
The astronauts and the geoscientists were then able to see the results of their labor the next day, during their daily breakfast briefing in Taos.
NASA's astronaut training program runs on a two-year cycle, so it won't be until the Summer of 2001 that an entirely new batch of astronaut candidates will step onto the Taos Plateau.
"Whether or not this program continues is largely dependent on the response of the participating astronauts," Bauer points out. "And since they all raved about it, the program is likely to continue, although we'll probably expand it by adding additional exploration techniques into the curriculum."
And since the NMBMMR was chosen to receive this year's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Group Achievement Award for providing the training, another such collaborative program is probably a near certainty.
Bauer and his fellow researchers were "greatly surprised" to receive the award from astronaut/geologist Jim Reilly at the recently held New Mexico Geological Society conference, but the Bureau of Mines researcher maintains that the honor wasn't the greatest reward for last summer's work: "The real reward for all of us was to meet and work alongside these immensely talented people--these astronaut candidates," he says.


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Guardians of the Land; Pluto Caves
10-10-10 Message from the Star Councils of Light!
Ascension Tools: Light, Electricity & Downloads
Grand Cenote: Waters of the World
Conscious Convergence
26 June: Galactic alignment
June Solstice 2010 - Call to Celebrate!
Ascension Initiations
Crop Circle Debate Channelling
Singing Stonehenge Awake!
Channellings from Peru: March 2010
Manifesting Abundance: Oct 2009
Star Alliances: August 2009
Councils of Light: June 2009
Pleiadian Message on Singing
March Equinox: The Equinox of Gratitude
Medicine Wheels: Web of Light
Garden of the Gods & Cahokia Mounds
Pleiadian Channelling on 2012
Live Andromedan Channelling
21:12 (12:21) Alchemy Through Gaia Connection
11-11-11 Stargate Transmission
Pleiadian Transmission October 2009
The Councils of Light - Manifesting Abundance
9-9-9 Urgent Transmission to the Tribe of Gaia
Secrets Revealed: Pleiadian-Sirian Transmission
Urgent Request - Councils of Light
Oct 14th & Starlight
Urgent Message - Spring Equinox
Pleiadian Answers to Questions
Pleiadian-Sirian Transmissions Dec 2008 Part 2
Pleiadian-Sirian Transmissions Dec 2008 Part 1
Assist Solara An-Ra in raising the vibration of our tribe!
Charging Crystals for Light Work
My guides asked me to film a simple lesson on the conscious use of crystals for you, dear Light tribe of Gaia. Don't have crystals lying around the house which have not been cleansed, and charged -- if you don't know why they are with you, it would be better t gift them to another or back to Gaia, where they came from!
In the video I am on the beach on the evening before the solstice with my Light tribe on the Island of the Sun, Bolivia ... you can hear the beginning of fireworks in the background.
The written transcript is coming soon.
Love love love,
Solara An-Ra Warrior of the Light
Site Designed by Cosma
© 2009-
Solara An-Ra. All rights reserved.


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The Honolulu Museum of Art is grateful to the foundations and government agencies that provide major support for the museum's efforts to bring together diverse people and great art.
The following distinguished donors help to ensure the continuing excellence of the museum's exhibitions, education programs, collection conservation, and general operations:
• Atherton Family Foundation
• Robert Emens Black Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• Louis L. Borick Foundation
• E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Foundation
• The Clarence T.C. Ching Foundation
• Cooke Foundation, Ltd.
• Mary Wilson Crawford Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art
• Cultural Heritage Administration of the Republic of Korea
• The Freeman Foundation
• John R. Halligan Charitable Fund
• Hiroaki, Elaine, and Lawrence Kono Foundation
• Korea Foundation
• Robert F. Lange Foundation
• Jack & Marie Lord Trust Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• McInerny Foundation
• Na Lei Aloha Foundation
• National Endowment for the Arts
• Lenore & Chester O'Brien Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• Omidyar 'Ohana Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• Arthur and Mae Orvis Foundaton, Inc.
• Padosi Foundation
• Stupski Family Fund of the Hawai'i Community Foundation
• Jhamandas Watumull Fund
• John Young Foundation
For more information, please contact Michelle Morihara at (808) 532-8780 or email@example.com.


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Report: Andy Dick Signs On for "Dancing with the Stars"
(NEW YORK) -- The new cast of Dancing with the Stars will be announced Tuesday morning on ABC's Good Morning America, and one of the celebrities who will vie for the Mirror Ball trophy this spring will be troubled comedian and actor Andy Dick.
That's according to TMZ.com, which reports Dick was on the Dancing with the Stars set Monday, as was another comedian, D.L. Hughley, and reality star Lisa Vanderpump.
A source says Dick has been cast "more for comedy...nobody expects much from him," though Dick himself is said to be taking the competition seriously.
Dick has struggled with substance abuse in the past and appeared on Celebrity Rehab. He's also had multiple brushes with the law in recent years.
Super Bowl-winning Baltimore Ravens player Jacoby Jones has already been confirmed to have joined the cast by ABC. Some of the other rumored names include Wynonna Judd, former American Idol contestant Kellie Pickler, and current "Bachelor" Sean Lowe.
Dancing with the Stars returns on Monday, March 18, with a two-hour premiere.
Copyright 2013 ABC News Radio


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Wednesday, October 28, 2015
Horse and Rider Art,Jockey Painting, Horse Race Art "Radio Flyer" by Western Masters Artist Patricia A. Griffin
Click HERE for pricing.
10% of the profits from each painting are donated to Conservation.
View more of my work at http://www.griffingallery.org
Click HERE to learn about Artists for Conservation.
1 comment:
- Sue Marrazzo said...
- October 31, 2015 at 10:39 PM
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text: No matter what's your shape size colour background religion status ability young or old. It doesn't matter if you are single or a couple. You do not need to have any dance experience, fancy clothes, and proper shoes. We don't even care if you have two left feet. All that matters is that you come along & have a good time. Dancing salsa is a wonderful way to have fun and enjoy a good evening out, Uksalsafeet specialise in creating the prefect safe fun friendly secure warm positive learning atmosphere for you, with a large injection of laughter throughout. You will have a brilliant evening of learning salsa whilst socialising with friends. Remember that you belong with us. Uksalsafeet is No 1 for Fun, Friendship, and Warmth & Enjoyment. The Night was made for you! No partner needed No dance experience required Join us this Thursday for a great absolute beginner salsa classes in Stourbridge. Salsa is very easy dance suitable for everyone from non-dancers to advance dancer there is something for everyone. Our salsa classes are lively, enjoyable and fun. Classes taught by Diane and Ryan (keep it Simple) of Uksalsafeet. Taking you through, the classes, step by step, with easy to follow guide. Uksalsafeet are proud to offer you the opportunity to learn salsa dance. We can seriously recommend this dance. Well worth a go. More Info


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BEIJING- The family of a woman forced to undergo an abortion because she ran afoul of China's one-child policy has accepted a cash settlement, apparently ending a controversy that caused a public uproar and embarrassed the government.
Forced abortion sparks outrage
Feng Jianmei's husband, Deng Jiyuan, told The Associated Press on Wednesday that the family accepted the settlement of 70,600 yuan ($11,200) because they wanted to return to a normal life.
Feng was beaten by local officials and forced to abort her baby last month, seven months into her pregnancy, because she did not have 40,000 yuan ($6,300) to pay the fine for having a second child.
Local authorities have often violently imposed abortions and sterilizations in an effort to meet birth quotas set by Beijing, but photos of Feng lying on a hospital bed with the blood-covered baby, reportedly stillborn after a chemical injection, set off a public outpouring of sympathy and outrage after they were posted online. The incident renewed criticism against China's tough family planning rules.
Chinese authorities issued a rare apology for the incident, fired two officials and sanctioned five others.
Deng, a villager from central China's Shaanxi province, said his family is "neither satisfied nor dissatisfied" with the amount of the settlement.
"It has never been about the money. As ordinary people, we can no longer take the pressure from all sides of the society," he said.
Deng and his family were labeled as traitors by fellow townspeople when he tried to get outside attention to the family's plight. The man later went into hiding before he made it to Beijing to seek legal help.
Deng said the family still wishes for another child.


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The Raiders may have finally identified their starting left tackle.
Donald Penn, the veteran who has been the starting left tackle in Tampa Bay for the last seven years, is headed to Oakland. Albert Breer of NFL Network reports that the deal got done today, and that the Raiders plan to give Penn the first shot at earning the starting left tackle job.
The Raiders have had a hard time getting the left tackle spot figured out. They allowed their previous starter, Jared Veldheer, to walk away in free agency, and after initially agreeing to terms with Rodger Saffold, the Raiders called that contract off when they said Saffold failed their physical.
Now Penn, who turns 31 next month, is expected to provide some veteran stability to the Raiders' offensive line. Stability was something Penn provided in Tampa Bay, where he started 108 straight games, and stability is something Oakland desperately needs.


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Log In needed $80 · apartment in Jamaica for rentReport Ad
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PostedMarch 13, 2011
RenewedJanuary 29, 2019
ExpiryApril 29, 2019
DetailsNew, Commercial Seller
CategoryReal Estate › Rentals › Vacation Rentals
EditMy ad
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Christmas Culture Guide
CHRISTMAS is upon us, so we have compiled a definitive guide of how to celebrate in style. From carol singing and this year's most atmospheric ice rink to music and theatre, be inspired by our round-up of what to see and do to get you in the festive spirit. Our list of Christmas cultural highlights is set to evoke that warm jolly feeling in even the most Grinch-like of individuals, proving that this time of year doesn't need to revolve around cheesy songs and over-sentimentality. Start planning your Yuletide social agenda here.


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Re: ARCHIE COMICS FOR JULY 2019 by ASS-P
[May 25, 2019, 11:30:32 pm]
Re: Riverdale Reviewed by Tuxedo Mark
[May 25, 2019, 10:07:46 pm]
Re: Prince Harry and Meghan's Baby's Name... by ASS-P
[May 24, 2019, 11:23:19 pm]
Re: Betty & Veronica Switcheroo Scans 2.0 by Hutch2208
[May 23, 2019, 01:15:40 pm]
Re: What comics have you been reading? by rusty
[May 15, 2019, 07:49:11 pm]
Re: Scarlet is Back in an All New Story: "FLOWER FEET!" by Captain Jetpack
[May 13, 2019, 07:19:23 am]
Archie & Me in Lunch Crunch by PTF
[April 28, 2019, 12:58:45 pm]
Re: Howdy! by Captain Jetpack
[April 25, 2019, 07:18:17 am]
Re: Jugheads new boots by Good Ole Samm
[April 18, 2019, 08:21:21 pm]
Re: Continuities that Riverdale has surpassed by Tuxedo Mark
[April 18, 2019, 04:18:10 pm]
New features
Started by Oldiesmann, February 16, 2019, 03:42:22 pmPrevious topic - Next topic
The Archie character names and likenesses are covered by the registered trademarks/copyrights of Archie Comic Publications, Inc. and are used with permission by this site. The Official Archie Comics website can be visited at www.archiecomics.com.


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Reviewed by Eric L. (age 8)
To begin with, this book is about when Tippy destroyed the world by going back in time. This really scared Kipper and his three friends. Then Mr. Krupp was fired a few weeks later by the "superintendant." So if Mr. Krupp was fired five years ago then George and Harold did not hypnotize him. But now there was no Captain Underpants so who will save the world? Beats me. So Tippy went back in time ten minutes before he scared Kipper and his three friends. Then he froze them with the Freezy Beam 4000 and then waited for the Tippy who was slightly younger than him so he does not scare the three thugs. There is so much action in this book, it will keep you looking for more!
In addition, my favorite part of the book is how George and Harold like to make comics. This book reminds me of when I write comics that are like George and Harold. I also sell them for twenty five cents for people to practice reading. This connects because we both make a lot of comics and sell them on a playground. But I sell them at home where it is really safe.
In conclusion, This book is good for ages 4 to 19 because it is funny! I hope you check it out today!


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Jerry Brown reigns in political arena
In an age of caustic partisan division, Gov. Jerry Brown sits in the political catbird seat as he prepares to lay out the agenda for the rest of his term in a State of the State address to Californians on Thursday in Sacramento.
The 74-year-old Democrat, whom conservatives once derided as "Gov. Moonbeam," is often lavished these days with praise from California Republicans. They say Brown is the reigning "adult in the room" at the Capitol, where Democrats control both houses of the Legislature.
Brown is being lauded by many Republicans as their last best hope to keep the Democratic supermajorities in the Assembly and state Senate in line, thanks to a unique combination of his trademark love of bon mots spoken in Latin, a famously cheapskate approach to finances, and political skills and resume unrivaled in the state capital.
"Are you sitting down? Because the only thing standing between a wild and crazy Legislature and you is Jerry Brown and his wild and crazy veto pen," Republican strategist Joel Fox told an audience of GOP insiders in Los Angeles recently. "He is like the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae stopping the hordes coming through the pass."
GOP strategist Kevin Spillane marvels that "Jerry Brown was triangulating when Bill Clinton was still in diapers. He knows how to play the right, left and the middle."
Wise older statesman
As he begins the second half of his third term in the job - decades after his first two, from 1975-83 - Brown is "trying to go for the older, wiser statesman," Spillane says. "Given how ideological and extreme most legislators are on the Democratic side, he looks moderate in comparison."
Bill Whalen, a research fellow with the conservative Hoover Institution at Stanford University and hardly a past admirer of Brown's politics, said that approach is one reason Republicans simply cannot muster much outrage these days over Brown's leadership.
"Yes, he did pass a tax increase," Whalen said, referring to Proposition 30, approved by voters in November, "but he hasn't exactly been a liberal governor of excess. It's hard to get mad at him."
The California governor was the savvy engineer in passing the tax proposition, which received 55 percent voter support. The measure is expected to help deliver revenue that puts California back in the black after being awash in red ink for a decade.
"What can you argue with? He took a $16 billion deficit and turned it into a surplus" of $851 million, says Democratic political consultant Eric Jaye. "He's been successful - you might even say brilliant."
In recent weeks, Brown's moves have included challenging a federal court order to relieve prison overcrowding by releasing some prisoners, saying that would put the public at risk. He also publicly warned UC regents to keep costs under control and education affordable by exploring more online programs.
Such efforts have riled some liberals while winning grudging admiration from Republicans.
Gingrich comparison
"If you're comparing him to the Assembly speaker and the Senate president pro tem, Jerry Brown sounds downright Newtonian - as in Newt Gingrich," says GOP consultant Mark Standriff.
"In the November election, he rowed to the left - and now he's back with the oar on the right," strategist Fox said in a pointed reference to Brown's "canoe theory of politics," about paddling on both sides to stay afloat in the dangerous waters of the California statehouse.
Brown has been so successful on that front that the state GOP is in the rare and embarrassing position of appearing to lack a credible challenger to oppose the governor, who's widely expected to seek re-election in 2014.
In a state where registered Democrats outnumber Republican voters by 13 percentage points, the GOP "passion" for a candidate to challenge Brown may be tepid, says Whalen.
Still, a few California Republicans insist that Brown's moderate show is just that - and say they won't be fooled.
Seeking relevance
"Some Republicans are desperate to seek relevance and are praising the governor in hopes that they'll get a place at the table," said Jon Fleischman, who publishes the state's most influential GOP blog, Flashreport.org.
"If you're willing to cede your role as a fiscal conservative to prop up Jerry Brown," Fleischman said, Republicans could find themselves without a conservative base. He added that Brown remains committed to expensive plans, such as high-speed rail and Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta water projects, while continuing to sidestep the problem of unfunded pension liabilities.
Treating Brown as "the adult supervision" for Democrats, Fleischman said, could lead the GOP to "become a permanent superminority."
But Spillane says that as Brown lays out the state agenda Thursday, battered Republicans may be grateful they've escaped complete disaster.
Carla Marinucci is The San Francisco Chronicle's senior political writer. E-mail: email@example.com Twitter: @cmarinucci


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Current Selections
Deep enough to hold vases or other decorative objects, our Trace shelves have a minimalist feel, courtesy of its sleek design. Turned-up edges help keep your picture frames and décor in place. Use one on its own or several to create a versatile gallery. Handcrafted in Minnesota, these ledges are made from contemporary brushed stainless steel for a sophisticated look.See the full Trace collection
This Minneapolis workshop is run by a brother-and-sister duo that carry on their family tradition of superior steel craftsmanship. Skilled metalworkers drill, form and weld carefully selected materials to create beautiful, durable steel pieces.
Details of Trace 36w 9d 3.5h Shelf
Product Details
- Dimensions: 36"w 9"d 3.5"h
- Construction: laser-cut, machine-formed
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- Weight Capacity: 20 lbs
- Considerations: if mounting to a surface other than drywall, alternative hardware may be necessary; consult a professional with questions
- Care: wipe with damp cloth, dry immediately
- Product Origin: made in Minnesota
- Material Origin: United States
- Item Number: 423063
- See all photos
Material Details
- Material: stainless steel
- Material Description: Our stainless steel has an upgraded metal composition to better resist corrosion and wear and tear. A brushed texture ensures wear marks will blend in over time and when cared for properly, stainless steel will last a lifetime.
- Material: stainless steel
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Receive unlimited items for only $99 within 100 miles of our stores or $139 anywhere else in the contiguous United States. Plus enjoy free UPS shipping on hundreds of select items. Learn more: www.roomandboard.com/delivery
Product Care
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List of parts
- Trace Picture Ledge or Shelf
- wall anchors
- screws
Tools needed
- #2 Phillips screwdriver
- power drill
- level (optional)
Note: Maximum recommended load is 20 pounds.
- Mark, then drill hole locations.
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- Tighten fixture in place. Note: Screws self-thread into anchors. Do not overtighten.
More items in the Trace Collection
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We treat you the way we would like to be treated, from shopping and ordering to delivery and long-term service.
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Our Design Associates put their product expertise and passion for home design into helping you create a functional and inspiring space. Their design help is always available to you for free.
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We offer free return or exchange delivery service on any item you buy from us. We understand that it can take a few days to a few weeks to determine if your new furniture will work for you. We encourage you to make a return or exchange in a timely manner because damaged, worn or altered items may be refused or result in an adjustment to your refund.
Our Guarantee
We stand behind the quality of our products and the prices we charge. If you're not satisfied with your purchase or any part of your experience, just let us know. We're here to help.


text:
Pull Ring Punk Bracelet
$ 5.99
Bracelets Type: Bangles
Setting Type: Bezel Setting
Gender: Women
Metals Type: Titanium Black Gold and Silver
Shape\pattern: Round
Please be aware that most items in the site run one size smaller and you should order accordingly.
Please ask questions if you are not sure what size to order.
Your order is always an "on demand order" directly from the brand to us and then to you. As shipment times vary for each brand, please expect your order to ship in 2-3 weeks. In some cases we can ship immediately. We will notify you via email about your shipping times and what to expect next.
Note: Some Hot items shipment may take up 4-6 weeks.
Returns: While we love to make you happy with every item that you buy from ClosetBlues, sometimes you feel your item doesn't fit quite right or something is wrong with it or you simply changed your mind. No biggie. We will accept your return as long as you are aware of our return policies.
1. Item(s) must be returned within 14 days of purchase, together with proof of purchase.
2. Item(s) must be unworn, unwashed, or otherwise unused with all original tags/labels attached
3. Swimwear, underwear, earrings and cosmetics cannot be returned or exchanged.
4. Sale, Clearance items are not eligible for a refund or exchange.
Please visit our Refunds Page for more details.
To Issue a Return Now, Please click here.


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Contributing editor Jim Richardson is a photojournalist recognized for his explorations of small-town life. His photos appear frequently in National Geographic magazine.
A thousand years ago Vikings were playing chess here. Pleasant to think that the Vikings could kick back after a hard day of pillaging and have some quiet time. I was staying at the lovely little inn called Baile na Cille, situated just out of the frame to the left. The inn is on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis, the biggest of the hundreds of islands and skerries known as the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. After dinner I went out on the lawn and saw this scene—the vast Uig Bay.
Amazingly, Uig Bay drains entirely at low tide, turning it into a stunning beach. You can walk clear across if you like. If you walked about a mile [1.6 kilometers] straight into the picture you would come to where the Vikings lost their chessmen in the dunes a thousand years ago. Known now as the Lewis chessmen, the pieces lay buried until 1831, when Malcolm "Sprot" Macleod found them and then displayed them for a while in his byre—a cow barn, to you and me. Most of the Lewis chessmen are now in the British Museum. (A side note: That the chessmen reside in London can reliably be counted on to raise the ire of locals. Some will say that the set ought to be here in the isles where they belong, and I agree.)
On this evening, I was in no mood for ire. How could I be amid this idyll? I watched rabbits chase each other around their warrens. The tide settled itself after coming in, creating a mirror-smooth surface on the bay. A stone fence carved out a territory for gravestones, once part of a churchyard. Our clue is in the inn's name, Baile na Cille, with the word cille meaning church.
After the light was gone, I went back inside and breathlessly told innkeeper Richard Gollin what I had just seen. He humored me. He lives there and sees the bay every day. Now, I should probably recite the technical details of this picture, as photographers are wont to do. If I did, the rundown would go something like this: Nikon D3 with a Really Right Stuff L Plate on a Gitzo 1228 carbon fiber tripod with a Really Right Stuff BH-40 ballhead, PCL-1 panning clamp, and MPR-CL II rail so that I could center a 24mm Nikkor PC-E lens over the nodal point. This, too, was to be a multiframe panorama.
If you were able to follow all the preceding details, then you already know what I am talking about.
If not, it hardly matters.
It's true. All my cameras and tripods and ballheads have plenty of knobs I must adjust, and as good as the equipment is and as much as I rely on it as a photographer, none of it can make an evening glorious. I'd love for equipment to create a thrilling sky like that I saw in Uig Bay that night—or calm the waters or make rabbits jump in circles in a way that made my heart glad.
So rather than trying further to explain what is best seen, I suggest relishing the history of the Lewis chessmen, and, if you get a chance, go stay at Baile na Cille out at the end of the road in Timsgarry on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis. Tell Richard I sent you.


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Hi. I'm looking to play in the evenings during the week. I am an advanced beginner getting better every day. I can play anywhere in Manhattan, Hermosa or Redondo. Looking forward to hearing from you!!!
Views: 242
Replies to This Discussion
Hi Ed...
I can play Monday, Thursday and Friday evenings. Please email me at email@example.com so we can talk. Thanks!!!
Mon & Thursdays works perfect for me too..i am in Torrance
Hi!. Wish I knew your name. Let's give it a try next week. Monday I am going to a concert but I can play on Thursday. I play at West High School in Torrance so that would be very convenient for you. Please remember that I am still somewhat of a beginner and that it's ok with you. Please email me at email@example.com and we can exchange phone numbers, etc. Thanks and I look forward to hearing from you!!!! Janismarla :-)
Hi, thanks
sent you a email
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text:
*Mr. Lamb, from the Committee on Revision and Engrossment, made a partial report, which was read by Mr. Van Winkle.
*See note, Vol. II, page 219.
Mr. Lamb moved to amend the 20th section of the 4th article, as revised, by striking out the words "unless another time be prescribed by law," which was agreed to.
Mr. Battelle moved to amend the 2d section of the 8th article, as revised, by striking out the words "not less than fifty nor more than," and inserting the word "of," in the blank, and the question was put and the amendment adopted.
On motion of Mr. Lamb the revised articles, as far as completed, were ordered to be printed under the supervision of the Committee on Revision and Engrossment. Mr. Hall, of Marion, chairman of the Committee on the Schedule, submitted the following report:
The Committee on the Schedule to the Constitution respectfully recommend that the following provisions be inserted in the schedule.
By order of the Committee,
E. B. Hall, chairman.
"1. It shall be the duty of the President of this Convention, immediately upon its adjournment, to subscribe and pause to be duly certified copies of the foregoing Constitution with this schedule annexed, and to deliver one of said copies to the governor, and the other copies to the commissioners hereinafter appointed.
"2. It shall be the duty of who are hereby appointed commissioners* with full power and authority to act for this Convention upon the receipt of such certified copy, to cause the same to be published once a week for successive weeks, in so many of the news papers published within the boundaries of the proposed State of West Virginia as they may deem necessary, and to distribute properly the printed copies of said Constitution, heretofore provided for by this Convention.
*For "Minutes of the Meetings of the Board of Commissioners appointed by the Constitutional Convention in Regular Session" see Appendix.
"3. Poll books shall be prepared under the direction of for each place of voting in the several (fifty-one) counties proposed to be included in said State, said books to contain two separate columns, one to be headed "For the Constitution," and the other "Against the Constitution," and it shall be the duty of the commissioners and officers who superintended and conducted the election in October last, or such other persons as the governor or said first named commissioners may appoint to attend at their respective places of holding elections, and superintend and conduct the election herein provided for, and if they shall fail to attend or act, any two free-holders present may act as commissioners, administer to each other the prescribed oaths, appoint a conducting officer and clerks to record the votes and qualify them.
"4. Said election shall be held on the day of , 1862, and for the causes prescribed in the code of Virginia, the polls may be kept open three days; and if at the time of said election there be in any of said counties any military or hostile assemblage of persons, or other cause to interfere with the full expression of the will of the voters they may assemble at any other place within, or convenient to, their respective counties, and hold an election as herein provided for; and if from any cause said election be not held in and for any of said counties, at the time named, the same may be held at such subsequent time or times as said first named commissioners may approve, if so done as not to materially delay the submission of the result to the legislature for its action.
"5. The commissioners, officers and clerks who shall hold said election as aforesaid shall each, before entering upon the duties of his office, take, in addition to the oath now required by the general election law, the oath prescribed by the convention, which assembled at Wheeling on the 11th day of June, 1861, and said commissioners and officers shall, as early as practicable after said election, aggregate and ascertain the number of votes cast and recorded for and the number against the Constitution, at the election so by them held and conducted, and the expenses of such election, and shall return and certify the same to said first named commissioners at Wheeling, to the following effect:
We and commissioners and conducting officers do certify that we caused an election to be held at in the county of , at which we permitted all persons to vote who desired, and were entitled to do so, under this Constitution and none other, and that we have carefully added each column of our poll books and find the following result: For the Constitution votes. Against the Constitution votes. Given under our hands this day of , 1862.
To which shall be added the following affidavit: .................................County, to-wit:
I, a justice, (or other officer authorized to administer oaths or one of the acting commissioners), in and for said county, do hereby certify that the above named conducting officer this day made oath before me that the above certificate is correct and true. Given under my hand this day of , 1862.
"6. All persons qualified to vote under this Constitution shall be entitled to vote on the question of its adoption or rejection; and said first named commissioners shall provide for taking the vote of such of said qualified voters as may at the time of said election, be in the armies or service of the United States, whether within or beyond the boundaries of the proposed State, and any other such qualified voters as may be prevented by peril or other obstacle from voting in their respective counties, may vote at any place of voting in any other of the said counties, upon making oath that they have not elsewhere voted on the question.
"7. The officers and commissioners conducting the elections shall preserve their poll books and hold them subject to the order of the said first named commissioners, who shall provide for their collection and delivery to the authorities of the State of West Virginia; shall ascertain and certify to the Governor of Virginia the result of the said election so held; and if the same results in the adoption of said Constitution, they shall request him, as provided in the 8th section of the ordinance convening this Convention, to convene, and lay before the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, for its consent, as provided in the Constitution of the United States, a certified copy of this Constitution, with the result of said vote, and to request said general assembly, as provided in the 10th section of said ordinance, to give its consent to the formation and erection of the State of West Virginia, as proposed, and to forward to the Congress of the United States such consent, together with an official copy of said Constitution, with the request that the said State of West Virginia may at once be admitted into the Union of states.
"8. Said first named commissioners shall take such steps, and do all such things as they shall deem expedient, to procure, as soon as possible, the said consent of the said general assembly and Congress to the formation, erection and admission of the said State of West Virginia; the legislature whereof, at its first session shall provide for reimbursing the expenses incurred by said commissioners in the discharge of the duties of their appointment, and may make them a reasonable compensation for their services.
"9. When the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, and the Congress of the United States shall severally give their consent to the formation, erection and admission of said State of West Virginia, as proposed, the said commissioners shall forthwith issue their proclamation, which shall be inserted, for three or more successive weeks, in the newspapers published within the limits of the said new State, declaring this Constitution in operation, and directing an election to be held in every county thereof, at the several usual places of holding elections therein, on such day, not more than sixty days after the consent of Congress shall be obtained as aforesaid, as they shall appoint, and under the superintendence of such persons or former county officers as they shall designate, by name or otherwise, for the choice and election of judges of the circuit courts, and all the State and county officers provided in this Constitution to be elected except Supervisors, and shall provide and do all things necessary to be done in holding such election, ascertaining and certifying the result, and declare the same by proclamation; and shall qualify the state officers elect, the duties of whose offices call them to act at the capital of the State, and shall designate and appoint suitable persons in each of said counties to qualify the county officers elect in their respective counties, and the judges of the circuit courts; and said commissioners shall have power, if deemed necessary, to reconvene the members of this Convention, on such day as they may prescribe.
"10. The duties to be performed by the Commissioners, officers and clerks holding and conducting said election, and the privileges of the voters, and the penalties attaching for misconduct, on the part of any person, shall be, in all things, as now prescribed by law, and in this schedule.
"11. If the first election of senators, delegates, judges and state and county officers is held not more than six months before the first day of January in any year, or within six months thereafter, their respective terms of service, except that of the governor, shall begin twenty days after such election, but shall end on the day on which they would have ended had they begun on the first day of January. The same provisions shall apply to the first elections of governor except that the third Tuesday in January shall be substituted for the first day of January.
"12. All officers elected or appointed and qualified by authority of the State of Virginia who shall remain in the exercise of the functions of their respective offices within the limits of this State up to the time this Constitution goes into operation, may continue to exercise the same within their respective counties under the authority and in the name of this State until the officers first elected or appointed under this Constitution for the discharge of similar duties are qualified.
"13. The records, books, papers, seals and other property and appurtenances of the former circuit and county Courts shall, when transferred by the Legislature of Virginia to the State of West Virginia, remain in the care and custody of the circuit court hereby established for the same county, to which all process outstanding at the time this Constitution goes into operation shall be returned, and by which new process in suits then pending or previously determined in the said former courts may be issued in proper cases. Copies and transcripts of the records and proceedings of the said former courts shall be made out and certified by the courts having the case and custody of such records and proceedings, and shall have the same force and effect as if they had been heretofore properly made out and certified by the said former courts."
On motion of Mr. Lamb, said report was taken up for consideration.
The first section being read,
Mr. Van Winkle moved to amend the same by striking out the word "copies" and inserting the word "triplicates," in the 3rd line; and striking out the words "of such copies," in the 4th line, and inserting "thereof," which was agreed to.
On motion of Mr. Hall, of Marion, the words "other copies," in the 4th line, were stricken out and the word "others" inserted.
And the first section was adopted.
The word "Constitution" was inserted in the 9th line, in lieu of the word "copy."
Mr. Van Winkle moved to amend the 2nd section by striking out all after the word "published," in the 10th line, to the word "newspapers," in the 11th line, and insert the words "in all the"; and insert after the words "West Virginia," in the 12th line, the words "willing to publish the same," which amendment was rejected.
Mr. Stevenson of Wood moved to amend the 2nd section by striking out the words "once a week for successive weeks," which was agreed to.
On motion of Mr. Van Winkle, the word "heretofore," in the 14th line, was stricken out.
The 2nd section, as amended, was adopted.
On motion of Mr. Brown of Preston, the following words were inserted in the 16th line of the 3rd section, after the word "books"; "with the oaths and forms of returns herein required, attached thereto."
Mr. Hall of Marion moved that the following words be inserted in the 22nd line, after the word "last"; "for delegates to this Convention," which was adopted.
The 3rd section, as amended, was then adopted.
On motion of Mr. Stuart of Doddridge, it was Resolved, That hereafter until otherwise ordered, this Convention will meet at 2 o'clock P. M., instead of three o'clock.
The Convention, at the usual hour, took a recess.
The Convention re-assembled.
Mr. Lamb moved that the Convention order five thousand copies of the Constitution to be printed.
Mr. Dering moved to amend the motion by inserting ten thousand instead of five thousand, which was agreed to.
And the motion of Mr. Lamb was adopted, as amended.
The question then being upon the adoption of the 4th section of the schedule, it was read, and the word "materially," in the 41st line, was stricken out.
Mr. Brown of Kanawha, moved to fill the blank in the 30th line with the "fourth Thursday of May."
Mr. Sinsel moved to amend the motion by inserting "first Thursday of April," which was agreed to - yeas 25, nays 14.
And, on motion of Mr. Dering, the vote was recorded as follows:
YEAS - Messrs. Brown of Preston, Brooks, Battelle, Chapman, Dering, Dille, Raymond, Hubbs, Hagar, Irvine, Lauck, Mahon, Parsons, Powell, Paxton, Robinson, Sinsel, Simmons, Stevenson of Wood, Stewart of Wirt, Stuart of Doddridge, Taylor, Van Winkle, Warder, Wilson - 25.
NAYS - Messrs. Brown of Kanawha, Brumfield, Cook, Dolly, Hall, Hoback, Lamb, Montague, McCutchen, Ruff- ner, Stephenson of Clay, Sheets, Walker, John Hall (President) - 14.
On motion of Mr. Van Winkle the balance of the report was passed by and the 13th section taken up.
Mr. Van Winkle moved to amend the 164th line by inserting after the word "courts," the words "within the bounds of the State of West Virginia," and insert in lieu of the word "when," in the 165th line, the word "be," and striking out all after the word "transferred" to the word "remain," in the 166th line, and inserting in the blank the words "to and," which was agreed to.
The 13th section was then adopted as amended.
And, on motion of Mr. Van Winkle, said section was taken up on its second reading.
And the question being upon the adoption of the same, it was decided in the affirmative; and the section was referred to the Committee on Revision and Engrossment.
The 4th section was then taken up and adopted, as amended.
Mr. Lamb moved to amend the 5th section by striking out all from the words "the oath" to the words "1861," and insert the following oath or affirmation:
"I solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the Constitution of the United 'States, and the laws made in pursuance thereof, as the supreme law of the land, anything in the Constitution and laws of the State of Virginia, or in the ordinances of the convention which assembled at Richmond on the 13th of February, 1861, to the contrary notwithstanding," which motion was adopted; after which the 5th section, as amended, was adopted.
Upon the reading of the 6th section,
Mr. Brown of Preston moved to amend the 77th line, by adding at the end thereof the words "or of the State of Virginia," which was agreed to, and the 6th section adopted.
Mr. Lamb moved to amend the 7th section by inserting at the end of the 90th line, the words "by the voters of the forty-four counties first mentioned in the 2nd section of the first article of this Constitution," which amendment was adopted, after which the said section was adopted.
The 8th and 9th sections were then read and adopted. Mr. Van Winkle then moved to amend the 10th section by striking out the words "and the penalties attaching for misconduct, on the part of any person," which was adopted.
And the question being upon the adoption of the section, as amended, it was decided in the affirmative.
The 11th section was read and
Mr. Van Winkle moved to amend the 152nd line, by striking out the words "third Tuesday of January," and insert the fourth day of March, which was agreed to, and the section adopted.
The 12th section was then read and adopted.
Mr. Hall of Marion then offered the following additional Section:
"In the event of the formation and erection of the proposed new State, the whole cost of this Convention, including the election of its members, the submission of the Constitution to the people, and all other expenses attending the premises shall be refunded to the State of Virginia."
On motion of Mr. Sinsel, the second reading of said report was dispensed with, and it was referred to the Committee on Revision and Engrossment, with power to fill the blanks.
And, on motion of Mr. Parsons, the Convention adjourned till Monday morning at 11 o'clock.
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Chapter Eleven: First Constitutional Convention of West Virginia


text:
Andrew C. McCarthy is the former Assistant United States Attorney who prosecuted the Blind Sheikh and his friends for the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. After he secured convictions, he recounted what he had learned along the way in Willful Blindness: A Memoir of the Jihad. When it comes to understanding the Islamist war against the United States, Andy is like Walt Whitman: He is the man, he suffer'd, he was there. I find myself returning regularly to this book.
Andy has stayed on the case. In The Grand Jihad: How Islam and the Left Sabotage America, Andy followed up with a closely argued account of Islamist designs on, and inroads in, the United States. In a sense, the book provides a counterpart to David Horowitz's The Unholy Alliance: Radical Islam and the American Left. Whereas Horowitz's book focused on the Left, McCarthy focused on the Islamists, elaborating on events that have occurred and lessons we have learned since Horowitz's book was published in 2004.
Andy's new book — to be published presently as an ebook by Encounter Books, available for preorder now — is the incredibly timely Spring Fever: The Illusion of Islamic Democracy. Encounter Books publisher Roger Kimball advises that he has moved up the publication date of the book in light of the events of the past day and that it should be live on ebook outlets within a day or two.
In part 2, we post a video with Andy discussing the book. Here Andy graciously responds to my request for his comments reflecting on current events related to the themes of his new book. He writes:
As shown all too clearly by the atrocities committed at our diplomatic missions in Egypt and Libya – on the anniversary of 9/11, of all days – there is a dear price to be paid for remaining willfully blind to the ascendancy of Islamic supremacism. That is the major theme of Spring Fever: The Illusion of Islamic Democracy.
What we are seeing play out in the Middle East, with discernible overtones in our own country, is no "Arab Spring." The regnant narrative of Muslim masses yearning for freedom and finally throwing off the yoke of dictatorship is a fairy tale. What we are witnessing is the phenomenon of choice exercised in a different civilization, a civilization in which the concept of freedom – "perfect slavery" or total submission to Allah's law – is virtually the opposite of Western liberty.
That we've failed to come to grips with this stubborn fact is understandable, although that we should remain in the dark after decades of attacks on America is inexcusable. The brute reality is that Islamic supremacism is not the fringe ideology of terrorists; it is the mainstream Islam of the Middle East.
Poll after poll, and now election after election, tells us that strong majorities of Muslims desire to live under sharia. However sharia may be interpreted by Muslims who have embraced life in the West, it is, in Islamic supremacist ideology, a totalitarian framework for society: All aspects of life – from economic and political affairs, to military campaigns, down to relations between the sexes and mundane matters of hygiene – are dictated by the repressive teachings of classical sharia, enforced by the Islamic state.
It is not that Islamic supremacists do not grasp our way of life. It is that they reject it as corrupt and dissolute. They firmly believe their own standards are not merely superior but mandatory – and that they are under a divine command to spread them until they are globally dominant. Those standards are antithetical to Western democracy, beginning with our fundamental premise that people are free to make law for themselves and chart their own destiny, irrespective of any religious or ideological code.
Spring Fever argues that what is called the "Arab Spring" has already happened, in Turkey. There, despite a decades-long secularization project and embrace of the West, the Islamist regime of Recep Tayyip Erdogan has returned the nation to the Islamist column in less than a decade.
Erdogan followed the Muslim Brotherhood's gradualist, rigorously disciplined approach, which systematically enables a dedicated minority faction to erode democratic principles and undermine their guardians. In the Arab Middle East, where no similar, thoroughgoing effort to suppress Islam in the public square was ever attempted, Islamization will happen much more rapidly. Indeed, in Egypt, Mohamed Morsi has accomplished in a matter of weeks what Erdogan needed years to achieve.


text: At 07:09 PM 10/9/97, you wrote: >Dear Ko Aung Kyaw and Ko Zar Ni, > Sorry for my late reply and for replying in a message >for both. First of all, what is the definition of blackmail Ko Aung >Kyaw? Many newspapers and many news agencies quote reliable sources >without saying their identifications. For example, when ABSDF sends out >internal information on the net, it doesn't mention the sources because >of the security reason. Everyone understand that. According to your >standard and definition, all seem like involving in blackmail. When you >say the news will not be reliable without saying the source exactly, do >you think about those factors too. I can't provide security for them >and so I can't tell their names. You will not even think to provide the >security. When ABSDF and all news groups sending out information under >that circumfrence, that doesn't mean blackmail at all. Please make sure >you know what you are saying. I feel cold in my backbone when asked to >identify the source. I am afraid of their security if I don't keep >secret. Blackmail is defined that when someone is asking a demand in >return for not disclosing information about something. I take >responsibility over what I sent. I can prove and I have sufficient >documents. However, you have the right to say that those are wrong or >right. You didn't say anything that whether those were right or wrong. >If you think you are sure those are wrong, you can post it on net and I >will prove. I am writing with my penname and so are you. Well, think >whether your accusation is meanful or not. I am just wondering that >accusing sending blackmail is a new means to stop others' opinion? Spy >and then, blackmail! You hid your position in the guise of a supporter >only and you were not sincere when you wrote the message. Why couldn't >you present ABSDF response as a representative of it? > First, I have to tell you that, I know what effects could >happen when I posted ABSDF internal informations. I will tell you my >intention under this. No reason should be an execuse to withhold >information. Moreover, I know that those will hurt our images (not >only ABSDF but also all). However, when you keep quiet, those become >parasites and will jeopardise the whole struggle. BSPP shew only good >images of it to the people and never expressed its weakness to the >people honestly. When the people learnt about those weakness, all >things were in bad shapes. We as revolutionaries, should be sincere and >open to the public. So that all can get the whole picture to examine >and to help. You have asked Radio Free Asia to stop broadcasting about >the execution too. Please stop practicising that suppresive acts as >BSPP did and SLORC does. Those are not good to copy though. > I sent out those informations with the following >intention. To compare and examine the past situation and present >situation. To make all aware that we have weakness and that we need a >change. Moreover, could you find any word that I criticize ABSDF? I >didn't criticize and I just pointed out the points and urged to mend >those. You didn't read the message well. In our struggle, you know, >I know and everyone knows that we have weakness but we never talked and >discuss about and never find out how to mend them. Never seek help from >others too. Moreover, we seem much reluctant to accept that we have >weakness. It is pretty late and we must talk and discuss about those >weakness in order to find remendies. > Look! We have weakness and we need to identify those. I >alone can't identify them and I am sure there are so many things I don't >know. To increase participation and to draw participation from all >people from Burma and all supporters, I sent those. My only intention >is want to see the proper leadership and direction. Everybody's >suggestions are needed to seek and everybody's opinion are valuable to >include in the consideration (for your leaders' consideration). After >identifying the problems, we and all come up with solutions and options >to approach the weakness. You alone, I alone and the leaders' alone >can't solve the problem since those are the problems of all. That is >what I have intended. > When pointing out some weakness, it is our task. All >people's task. Do you know what Daw Lay Aung San Suu Kyi said? "We >shouldn't blame only on BSPP for what had happened in the country >because it was part of our fault that we didn't point them out as we >needed to." When seeing a weakness, if you really love the struggle >and if you really love ABSDF, you must point out it so that it can see >its weakness and it can learn to change. As Daw Lay Aung San Suu Kyi >said, it is our task and all people's task. I won't stop it. Pointing >out and presenting my suggestion is task and you can take it if you like >and if you and ABSDF and the groups don't want those, you can just >ignore it. Accepting criticism is a practical way to see our real >image. I don't criticise yet except once to NCGUB. > This is the time to discuss about the weakness and find out >the solutions through dialogue. If people ivolve in discussion, it is >good even if it can't be creative. The more the people think and >involve, the better their brain power is and the more they become >productive. That is my will. I want to advise you that please read my >previous message throughly and interpret it. You will see, I just >suggesting and urging ABSDF. > When we live in a place where we can exercise democracy, >we should practicise democratic norms and means. I know there are so >many difficulties on the border. However, as the revolutionaries to >replace suppressive regime, no reason should be an excuse to violate the >rights and no reason should overwhelm to stop exercising of the real >democratic means. Unless we practise in our real lives, there is no >meaning in our revolution. As I told you, expression of my suggestion >is my right and you have the right to ignore. However, accusing >groundless is ridiculous and unacceptable for the democratic society. > Ko Zar Ni, > As a Burmese and as a person who still value our own >culture, I can still distinguish the gender by looking at the name. In >Burmese culture, no one I have ever seen use Mr, Ms, Mrs, Madame. I >wish living in USA didn't make you forget your own Burmese culture. I >don't mind being called Ko or U or Daw or Ma. > Importantly, does FBC list belong to you and is it >your personal list? Doesn't it accept expression of opinion on it? I >know the history. Please think the reason why it was created. If it >is your personal list and it doesn't accept expression of ideas and >opinion for the attempt to free Burma, please reply to me publically so >that everyone can know it is your personal list and it doesn't accept >expression of opinions. Don't hesitate to reply. > I know you are trying to raise awareness about Burma. >Please give the clear whole picture of the situation and it will help >all of us in practical way. When all know the whole picture, they can >come up with suggestions and practical assistance. It will not be >honest to show the portion of the picture. I know that you and Dr. >Naign Aung has close conection but that shouldn't be an issue to stop >expression and pointing out the weakness dutifully. > When saying about negative effects, it is easy way to >force someone to stop expression. What do the negative effects mean and >what can be the long term effect for withholding information? I have >to go to work and I must stop here. > The more weakness I see, the clearer I know that I need >to stay in the second country where I don't want to. The longer we need >to mend the weakness, the more we ignore the suffering of the people. >We should learn from past experiences and all should have access to >learn those weakness too. >Sincerely, >Nyein Chan > >______________________________________________________ >Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com > Dear Ko Nyein, I support you to express your views. But they are going to ban you. My newspaper was closed down by military many times. They are doing the same. They acting exactly like Burmese generals. Whant can we do? uthaung>