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Policy Agenda (policy + agenda)
Selected Abstracts
A Policy Agenda for Post-Apartheid South Africa (Introduction)IDS BULLETIN, Issue 4 2006
Raphael Kaplinsky
No abstract is available for this article. [source]
Leading from Below: How Sub-National Governments Influence Policy AgendasAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 1 2009
J.N. Keddie
This article takes a state's eye view of trends towards a more centralised system of governance in Australia. It argues that while globalisation strengthens the roles of national governments it also provides less noticed public policy and management opportunities for sub-national governments. The article shows how state governments in Australia can use high-level policy proposals to reinforce their continuing relevance as key members of a federal system of government. It proposes that skilful deployment of policy ideas and analyses can enable the states to sustain alternative national agendas despite hostility or lack of interest by the federal government. In conclusion, the article examines the implications for federal-state relations under the Rudd government. It suggests that the elements for productive reform agendas are present but that bringing them together will require considerable effort. [source]
Education for Social Change: Girls' Secondary Schooling in EritreaDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2006
Tanja R. Müller
One central pillar of the Eritrean revolution is the modernization of gender roles within Eritrean society, through education. This article, based on ethnographic style research, looks at the personal experiences of young women in Eritrean secondary schools. These girls' journeys are discussed in terms of gender resistance, exemplifying modernity, and gender accommodation, exemplifying tradition. It is argued that these categories are not as dichotomous as claimed by the education policy agenda: in contrast, many young women strive to find a balance between the two. Ultimately, the success of the Eritrean model of the modernization of gender roles should be measured in terms of having created an environment in which women are able to strive to fulfil their aspirations. [source]
Recapturing the Universal in the UniversityEDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY, Issue 6 2005
Ronald Barnett
Abstract The idea of ,the university' has stood for universal themes,of knowing, of truthfulness, of learning, of human development, and of critical reason. Through its affirming and sustaining of such themes, the university came itself to stand for universality in at least two senses: the university was neither partial (in its truth criteria) nor local in its significance (at least, the university was an institution of the nation state and even had global significance). Now, this universalism has been shot down: on the one hand, universal themes have been impugned as passé in a postmodern age; in the ,knowledge society', knowledge with a capital ,K' is giving way to multiple and even local knowledges (plural). On the other hand, the very process of globalization has been accused of being a new process of colonization. Global universities, accordingly, may be seen as a vehicle for the imposition of Western modes of reason (often suspected in turn of being no more than Western economic reason at that). Diversity is the new watchword, a term that,we may note,has come to be part of the framing of the contemporary policy agenda for higher education. Accordingly, in such a situation of multiple meanings, both within and across institutions, the university becomes an institutional means for developing the capacities,at both the personal and the societal levels,to live with ,strangeness': perhaps here lies a new universal for the university? But, then, if that is the case, if strangeness is the new universal for the university, some large challenges await those who would claim to lead and manage universities. [source]
Alcohol and Russian mortality: a continuing crisisADDICTION, Issue 10 2009
David A. Leon
ABSTRACT Background Russia remains in the grip of a mortality crisis in which alcohol plays a central role. In 2007, male life expectancy at birth was 61 years, while for females it was 74 years. Alcohol is implicated particularly in deaths among working-age men. Aims To review the current state of knowledge about the contribution of alcohol to the continuing very high mortality seen among Russian adults Results Conservative estimates attribute 31,43% of deaths among working-age men to alcohol. This latter estimate would imply a minimum of 170 000 excess deaths due to hazardous alcohol consumption in Russia per year. Men drink appreciably more than women in Russia. Hazardous drinking is most prevalent among people with low levels of education and those who are economically disadvantaged, partly because some of the available sources of ethanol are very cheap and easy to obtain. The best estimates available suggest that per capita consumption among adults is 15,18 litres of pure ethanol per year. However, reliable estimation of the total volume of alcohol consumed per capita in Russia is very difficult because of the diversity of sources of ethanol that are available, for many of which data do not exist. These include both illegal spirits, as well as legal non-beverage alcohols (such as medicinal tinctures). In 2006 regulations were introduced aimed at reducing the production and sale of non-beverage alcohols that are commonly drunk. These appear to have been only partially successful. Conclusion There is convincing evidence that alcohol plays an important role in explaining high mortality in Russia, in particular among working age men. However, there remain important uncertainties about the precise scale of the problem and about the health effects of the distinctive pattern of alcohol consumption that is prevalent in Russia today. While there is a need for further research, enough is known to justify the development of a comprehensive inter-sectoral alcohol control strategy. The recent fall in life expectancy in Russia should give a renewed urgency to attempts to move the policy agenda forward. [source]
Moving Mountains: will qualifications systems promote lifelong learning?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, Issue 4 2007
This article aims at providing a check list of possible mechanisms to trigger more and better lifelong learning from within the national qualifications system. It analyses the existing policy responses to the lifelong learning agenda in the countries under study and identifies possible mechanisms within the qualifications system that could impact on the behaviour of the many stakeholders. There are many other ways to impact on lifelong learning but they are not addressed in this article which focuses on the role of national qualifications systems. Two mechanisms in particular are studied in more detail because they seem to be at the top of the research and policy agenda of many countries: qualifications frameworks and recognition of non-formal and informal learning systems. [source]
Managing Diversity? ,Community Cohesion' and Its Limits in Neoliberal Urban PolicyGEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2008
Julie MacLeavy
The concept of ,community cohesion' has played a defining role in the institution of a new policy agenda for regenerating urban areas in many liberal welfare states. Its particular interpretation supports the installation of urban programmes that are based not on the improvement of the built environment, but rather investment in the social and cultural composition of cities. In particular, the economic and civic participation of individuals living within deprived urban areas is positioned as a key means of redressing situations of inequality and disadvantage. This article reviews the concept of ,community cohesion', its use in urban policy in the UK, and the recent literature on this subject. Through an indicative discussion of the New Deal for Communities programme, it explores the potential implications of ,community cohesion' for disadvantaged policy subjects and considers especially its provisions for ethnic minority groups: a constellation of community in which individuals are understood to experience a ,double disadvantage' as a result of their disproportionate concentration in deprived urban areas, and their subjection to the consequences of racial discrimination (as well as language and cultural barriers). [source]
The European Parliament and the Commission Crisis: A New Assertiveness?GOVERNANCE, Issue 3 2002
David Judge
This article examines two claims made about the "Commission crisis" of 1999: first, that the accountability of the Commission to the European Parliament (EP) was significantly increased; and, second, that the model of parliamentary government in the European Union (EU) was advanced by events in 1999. In analyzing the crisis and its consequences, this article focuses upon the powers of dismissal and appointment, and what these powers reveal about the capacity of the EP both to hold the Commission responsible for its collective and individual actions and to influence its policy agenda. If a parliamentary model is to develop in the EU, the negative parliamentary powers of censure and dismissal have to be balanced by the positive powers of appointment and enhanced executive responsiveness. On both counts,dismissal and appointment,the 1999 "Commission crisis" did not point to the clear and unambiguous dawning of a "genuine European parliamentary democracy." [source]
Global crisis and beyond: Sustainable growth trajectories for the developing worldINTERNATIONAL LABOUR REVIEW, Issue 2 2010
Jayati GHOSH
Abstract. Despite recent signs of output recovery, casual resumption of the growth model that crashed in 2008,09 will exacerbate the domestic and global imbalances that caused the crisis in the first place , to the detriment of the real economy, equitable development, and employment recovery. The model's environmental unsustainability is also evident. The author therefore argues for a broad policy agenda including reform of the international financial system, development strategies re-focused on wage-driven domestic demand and viable agriculture, fiscal promotion of greener technologies and demand patterns, and redistributive social policies to reduce inequalities and act as macroeconomic stabilizers in downturns. [source]
The Concept of Social Exclusion in the European Union: Context, Development and PossibilitiesJCMS: JOURNAL OF COMMON MARKET STUDIES, Issue 3 2000
Rob Atkinson
In recent years the term ,social exclusion' has come to occupy a central place in the discussion of social policy and inequality in Europe. While the notion has acquired important strategic connotations, by stressing structural and cultural/social processes, the precise meaning of the term remains somewhat elusive. This article focuses on the reason for and the manner in which the notion of social exclusion has developed within the EU social policy discourse, aiming to provide a clearer understanding of its origins, functions and multiple dimensions. Whilst adopting a critical approach to the notion of social exclusion, the article suggests that the concept has played a positive role in keeping issues such as inequality and poverty on the policy agenda. The article also suggests possible ways in which social exclusion might be developed in a climate which has become less conducive, if not hostile, to an autonomous, activist EU social policy. [source]
Solving nursing shortages: a common priorityJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 24 2008
James Buchan
Aims and objectives., This paper provides a context for this special edition. It highlights the scale of the challenge of nursing shortages, but also makes the point that there is a policy agenda that provides workable solutions. Results., An overview of nurse:population ratios in different countries and regions of the world, highlighting considerable variations, with Africa and South East Asia having the lowest average ratios. The paper argues that the ,shortage' of nurses is not necessarily a shortage of individuals with nursing qualifications, it is a shortage of nurses willing to work in the present conditions. The causes of shortages are multi-faceted, and there is no single global measure of their extent and nature, there is growing evidence of the impact of relatively low staffing levels on health care delivery and outcomes. The main causes of nursing shortages are highlighted: inadequate workforce planning and allocation mechanisms, resource constrained undersupply of new staff, poor recruitment, retention and ,return' policies, and ineffective use of available nursing resources through inappropriate skill mix and utilisation, poor incentive structures and inadequate career support. Conclusions., What now faces policy makers in Japan, Europe and other developed countries is a policy agenda with a core of common themes. First, themes related to addressing supply side issues: getting, keeping and keeping in touch with relatively scarce nurses. Second, themes related to dealing with demand side challenges. The paper concludes that the main challenge for policy makers is to develop a co-ordinated package of policies that provide a long term and sustainable solution. Relevance to clinical practice., This paper highlights the impact that nursing shortages has on clinical practice and in health service delivery. It outlines scope for addressing shortage problems and therefore for providing a more positive staffing environment in which clinical practice can be delivered. [source]
Parental negotiations of the moral terrain of risk in relation to young people with intellectual disabilitiesJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2009
Kathryn Almack
Abstract This paper draws upon parental accounts from a study of the process of transition for a cohort of 28 young people with relatively severe intellectual disabilities who left special schools in 2004 and 2005 in two adjacent English localities. This paper examines how parents negotiate these boundaries and position themselves in relation to risk. A primary concern identified by parents during this transition period focuses on the risk of harm facing these vulnerable young people (whether through accidents or through sexual, emotional, physical or financial abuse) as they move into the adult world. These concerns are juxtaposed with discourses that increasingly promote the possibilities for people with intellectual disabilities to express and follow their own wishes and aspirations. For example, the policy agenda in England and Wales actively endorses the start of adult life as a time of opportunity for young people and promotes the values of independence and choice. In accounting for the management of risk in the young people's lives, we conclude that parents navigate complex boundaries between being seen to be over-protective and ,letting go'; between trusting others to act in the young adults' best interests and allowing these young people the autonomy to negotiate risk. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]
Social planning: past, present, and futureJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 7 2003
Ray Bromley
This article discusses the history of the idea of social planning, and of the pioneering Masters Programme in Social Planning established at the University of Wales Swansea in 1973. Swansea's initiative in social planning led to the creation of the University's Centre for Development Studies (CDS), and it broadened development studies as an academic and policy field. Social planning is a controversial term because it has sometimes been associated with social engineering and totalitarianism. Nevertheless, it has a very important intellectual and policy agenda, and if the word ,planning' proves a liability it can be replaced by ,policy' or ,strategy'. The major questions reviewed at CDS-Swansea in the 1970s are still pertinent, and new dimensions have been added through growing concerns for nation-building, sustainability, democracy, gender equity and human rights. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]
Business Power and Tax Reform: Taxing Income and Profits in Chile and ArgentinaLATIN AMERICAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY, Issue 2 2010
Tasha Fairfield
ABSTRACT This article examines efforts to increase taxation of highly concentrated, undertapped income and profits in Latin America in the aftermath of structural adjustment. Argentina has advanced further than Chile in two policy areas: corporate taxation, which taps firm-level profits; and tax agency access to bank information, which helps reduce income tax evasion. These outcomes are explained by drawing on the classic concepts of business instrumental power, which entails political actions, and structural power, which arises from investment decisions. In Chile, strong instrumental power removed reforms in both areas from the policy agenda. In Argentina, much weaker instrumental power at the cross-sectoral level facilitated corporate tax increases. Bank information access was expanded after Argentina's 2001 crisis weakened the financial sector's instrumental power and reduced structural power. [source]
Evaluation across an intergovernmental context: Issues raised through different perspectives on Even StartNEW DIRECTIONS FOR EVALUATION, Issue 95 2002
Susan Boser
Although the authorizing environment may dictate the nature and use of evaluations, state and locally conducted evaluation provides a distinct lens for understanding the conditions affecting program implementation and the outcomes of programs under study. The learning that transpires at the state and local government levels through evaluation can motivate stakeholders to use evaluation to influence the policy agenda. [source]
The Reagan Democrat Phenomenon: How Wise Was the Conventional Wisdom?POLITICS & POLICY, Issue 4 2005
Julio Borquez
This article examines vote defection by white Democrats in the presidential elections of 1980,1988 and reconsiders the foundations of the "Reagan Democrat" phenomenon. The conventional wisdom has been that the defection of Reagan Democrats was motivated by conservative policy preferences, especially on race and redistribution. National Election Study data from 1980,1988 are used to test a multivariate model of vote choice. In 1980 and 1984, Democratic defectors were much more influenced by performance assessments than by policy preferences. Contrary to the prevailing storyline, Reagan Democrats were not voting to endorse a conservative policy agenda, but were more generally punishing Jimmy Carter in 1980 for poor performance in office and rewarding Ronald Reagan in 1984 for a job well done. Racial policy was a more potent influence on defection in 1988. [source]
Getting Dirty-Minded: Implementing Presidential Policy Agendas AdministrativelyPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 4 2009
Robert F. Durant
With polarization in Congress persistent, with staggering issues and international threats facing the nation, and with fiscal stress an enduring fact of life, presidents have for decades turned to the tools of the administrative presidency to advance and implement their policy agendas. As the Barack Obama administration completed its first six months in office amid great challenges and hopes, the president was no exception in counting on his appointees to wield the tools of the administrative presidency to advance his protean policy agenda for America. This essay offers 10 research-based lessons for new appointees charged with advancing presidential agendas administratively to ponder as they do so. [source]
From Cooperative to Opportunistic Federalism: Reflections on the Half-Century Anniversary of the Commission on Intergovernmental RelationsPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 5 2006
Tim Conlan
In 1955, the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations,the Kestnbaum Commission,embellished the intellectual framework of cooperative federalism and laid out a policy agenda for promoting it. Since then, our intergovernmental system has evolved from a predominantly cooperative federal,state,local system to one characterized by corrosive opportunistic behavior, greater policy prescriptiveness, eroding institutional capacity for intergovernmental analysis, and shifting paradigms of public management. These trends threaten to undermine effective intergovernmental relations and management. Recent developments, however, offer some promise for building new institutions of intergovernmental analysis, more effective paradigms of intergovernmental public management, and greater horizontal cooperation. [source]
Designing out vulnerability, building in respect: violence, safety and sex work policyTHE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007
Teela Sanders
Abstract One recent finding about the prostitution market is the differences in the extent and nature of violence experienced between women who work on the street and those who work from indoor sex work venues. This paper brings together extensive qualitative fieldwork from two cities in the UK to unpack the intricacies in relation to violence and safety for indoor workers. Firstly, we document the types of violence women experience in indoor venues noting how the vulnerabilities surrounding work-based hazards are dependent on the environment in which sex is sold. Secondly, we highlight the protection strategies that indoor workers and management develop to maintain safety and order in the establishment. Thirdly, we use these empirical findings to suggest that violence should be a high priority on the policy agenda. Here we contend that the organizational and cultural conditions that seem to offer some protection from violence in indoor settings could be useful for informing the management of street sex work. Finally, drawing on the crime prevention literature, we argue that it is possible to go a considerable way to designing out vulnerability in sex work, but not only through physical and organizational change but building in respect for sex workers rights by developing policies that promote the employment/human rights and citizenship for sex workers. This argument is made in light of the Coordinated Prostitution Strategy. [source]
The Government Agenda in Parliamentary DemocraciesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2004
Lanny W. Martin
Lawmaking is a challenge for coalition governments because it inherently demands cooperation and compromise by parties with divergent policy goals. The jurisdictional system of cabinet government exacerbates the problem by providing parties the means to undermine the coalition bargain in the pursuit of their own policy interests. In this article, I explore whether arrangements that allow partners to police one another induce compromise on one of the most important decisions taken by a government,the organization of the policy agenda. In an analysis of original data on the timing and policy content of over 800 government bills from four European democracies, I show that coalition governments pursue a largely "accommodative" agenda. Policy initiatives dealing with issues that are more attractive to all partners in the coalition are likely to be given priority on the agenda, while those dealing with relatively unattractive issues are likely to be postponed. [source]
Effective Practice in Probation: An Example of ,Advanced Liberal' Responsibilisation?THE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 1 2002
Hazel Kemshall
This article argues that the dominant emphasis upon effective practice in probation work, particularly the emergence of effective programmes can be understood as an example of a key mechanism of social control in advanced liberal societies. Utilising Rose's concept of ,responsibilisation' the article examines the role of effective programmes in the emerging social policy agenda of citizen re-moralisation, responsibilisation and inclusion exemplified in late modern advanced liberal welfare states. The article concludes that the embracement of effective programmes has reconstituted the probation service as a key agency in the social control and exclusion of those citizens deemed ,intransigent' or ,irresponsible', thus assisting in the demarcation of those who can play a full role in the welfare society from those who cannot. [source]
Women, Armed Conflict, and Peacemaking in Sri Lanka: Toward a Political Economy PerspectiveASIAN POLITICS AND POLICY, Issue 4 2010
Asoka Bandarage
This article discusses women's roles as victims, perpetrators, and peacemakers in armed conflicts in contemporary Sri Lanka. It covers such phenomena as rape as a weapon of war, women IDPs, "war widows," female-headed households, women suicide bombers, mothers for peace, and feminist peace activism. The article points out that aggression and victimization need to be understood as occurring across ethnicity and gender as well as within ethnic and gender groups. Contributing toward a political economy perspective, the article considers the complex intersection of gender, ethnicity, caste, and social class within the confluence of local, regional, and international forces. The article concludes by emphasizing the need to broaden the social class and local bases of feminist peace activism and to formulate an integrated gender-, ethnicity- and class-sensitive policy agenda for postconflict development in Sri Lanka. [source]
The Policies and Politics of Industrial Upgrading in Thailand during the Thaksin Era (2001,2006)ASIAN POLITICS AND POLICY, Issue 3 2009
Laurids S. Lauridsen
What happens when developing countries can no longer grow by simply exploiting their existing comparative advantages in natural resources or cheap labor? When entering the 21st century Thailand was confronted with that question, but in comparison with other East Asian countries it was also a laggard in relation to industrial technology development. Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra placed industrial upgrading high on the policy agenda. This article combines a policy cycle analysis with a political analysis. It examines the ability and willingness of the Thaksin government to design and implement an adequate and coherent set of industrial upgrading policies with a particular emphasis on implementation issues. It is argued that although many initiatives were taken during the Thaksin era, they did not add up to an adequate and coherent set of industrial upgrading policies. This was partly due to institutional legacies in the bureaucratic system but mainly a result of the logic of politics, including the nature of political coalition-building. [source]
An Evaluation of the Economic Approaches Used by Policy Actors towards Investment in Place-Based Partnerships in VictoriaAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 1 2010
Chris McDonald
Place-based partnerships are supported by the state and include various organisations and interests within particular geographic areas. The Victorian government has established place-based partnerships to plan and coordinate resource allocation decisions to meet objectives such as economic development and social inclusion. In the literature there are positive and negative views of these partnerships. One view is that they allow regions to build competitive advantage, while another is that they are a means of pursuing a neoliberal policy agenda that seeks to reduce government protection and investment. We help clarify the tensions between positive and negative views of partnerships by examining the economic approaches used by policy actors toward place-based partnerships in Victoria. We find that policy actors combine neoclassical and institutionalist approaches to argue that partnerships generate networks that enable more efficient and equitable resource allocation within places. [source]
Coerciveness and the selection of environmental policy instrumentsCANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION/ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE DU CANADA, Issue 2 2001
Douglas Macdonald
This article analyses the relative coerciveness associated with the instruments used by municipal, provincial and federal governments in Canada to address three major successive pollution threats - sewage, industrial toxic waste, and greenhouse-gas emissions - that have appeared on the policy agenda over the course of the past century. During that time, there has been an overall trend of declining coerciveness, with one exception. In the case of toxic waste, established regulatory regimes were made more coercive some years after they were first put in place. These findings can best be explained by theories of instrument choice that look to interactions among relevant state and societal actors in the policy network. It is suggested that one aspect of that process in particular - the balance of power between regulator and "regulatee" -is of importance in explaining relative coerciveness. We must first understand theability of the regulator to coerce before we can explain the selection of more or less coercive instruments. Sommaire: Le degré de coercition est un attribut souvent utilisé pour classer les politiques publiques. L'auteur de cet article analyse la coercition associée aux instruments politiques utilisés par les gouvemements fédéral, municipaux et provinciaux au Canada au cours du siècle demier. Les gouvernements en question tentent de s'attaquer à trois importantes menaces successives de pollution qui ont figuré au programme d'élaboration des politiques, à savoir les égouts, les déchets toxiques industriels et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Pendant cette période, les politiques coercitives connaissaient un déclin, exception faite des déchets toxiques où des règlements établis sont devenus plus coercitifs quelques années après leur mise en place. Les théories du choix des instruments politiques qui étudient les interactions entre les acteurs gouvernementaux et sociaux en matiére d'élaboration des politiques expliquent mieux les résultats relevés. On pense qu'un aspect particulier de ce processus, à savoir l'équilibre du pouvoir entre l'autorité de réglementation et les réglementés, est important pour expliquer la coercition relative. Nous devons dans un premier temps comprendre lacnpacité de l'autorité de réglementation à contraindre avant de pouvoir expliquer le choix d'instruments plus ou moins coercitifs. [source]
Childhood disadvantage and health inequalities: a framework for policy based on lifecourse researchCHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2004
H. Graham
Abstract Tackling health inequalities is moving up the policy agenda of richer societies like the UK, with governments looking for evidence to guide policy review and development. Observational studies of how childhood disadvantage compromises health in adulthood are an important part of the evidence base, but are largely inaccessible to the policy community. We develop a framework which captures the findings of these studies. Our framework highlights how disadvantage in childhood adversely affects both socio-economic circumstances and health in adulthood through a set of interlocking processes. Key among these are children's developmental health (their physical, cognitive and emotional development) and health behaviours, together with the associated educational and social trajectories. In breaking down the link between childhood disadvantage and adult health into its constituent elements, the framework provides a basis for understanding where and how policies can make a difference. The paper argues that the process of policy review and development needs to include both new programmes and the mainstream policies in which they are embedded. [source]
Childhood risks and protective factors in social exclusionCHILDREN & SOCIETY, Issue 5 2001
John Bynner
Combating social exclusion is a dominant theme in the current policy agenda. Yet the term social exclusion is of relatively recent origin. It was promoted originally in France in policy debates surrounding disability (Evans, 2000) and through theoretical developments in sociology and political science about the increasing detachment of certain individuals and groups from the state in late modernity (Beck and others, 1994). A quite different and more long-standing research tradition is to be found in developmental psychology,respectively in the sub-fields of ,developmental psychopathology' (Rutter, 1993) and ,life course theory and lifespan developmental psychology' (Elder and others 1993, 1998a&b; Lerner,1998; Lerner and others, 2000). The two themes come together in the idea of risk: Which children are most vulnerable to adult psychiatric disorders or criminality? Which children are likely to become socially excluded as adults? A dialogue between risk and social exclusion is likely to be fruitful in bringing together large and diverse research literatures combining both explanatory and intervention studies to bear on a central problem of modern society. The purpose of this paper is to begin such a task, but selectively, focusing on the main themes of research, as illuminated by key findings. The paper concludes with a consideration of recent policy initiatives to combat social exclusion, in which the ideas of risk and protection have a central place. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]
Rethinking the Emerging Post-Washington ConsensusDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2005
Ziya Öni
The objective of this article is to provide a critical assessment of the emerging Post-Washington Consensus (PWC), as the new influential vision in the development debate. The authors begin by tracing the main record of the Washington Consensus, the set of neoliberal economic policies propagated largely by key Bretton Woods institutions like the World Bank and the IMF, that penetrated into the economic policy agendas of many developing countries from the late 1970s onwards. They then outline the main tenets of the PWC, emerging from the shortcomings of that record and the reaction it created in the political realm. The authors accept that the PWC, in so far as it influences the actual practice of key Bretton Woods institutions, provides an improvement over the Washington Consensus. Yet, at the same time, they draw attention to the failure of the PWC, as reflected in current policy practice, to provide a sufficiently broad framework for dealing with key and pressing development issues such as income distribution, poverty and self-sustained growth. [source]
Conceptualizing desertification in Southern Europe: stakeholder interpretations and multiple policy agendasENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE, Issue 4 2005
M. Juntti
Abstract This paper explores the link between agricultural, environmental and structural policies and desertification in Southern Europe. The focus is on the way policy goals evolve in the implementation process and become translated into actions at the operative level. The results derive from policy stakeholder interviews from four research areas situated in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain. The significance of policies as drivers of desertification varies between the case study areas, and harmful land management practices often result from power imbalances between interest groups involved in land-use planning and policy implementation rather than from flaws in the policies themselves. The vagueness of the definition of what ,desertification' constitutes allows for different interpretations of its nature, significance and the consequent weight it is given in land management decision-making, thus lending itself to be both misinterpreted and misappropriated by different stakeholder interests. The paper discusses the interplay between five different discourses of desertification and four distinct agendas of policy implementation and land use. The agendas either enhance or mitigate desertification and represent the interests of actors who have acquired a powerful position in the network of stakeholders, often relying on, and simultaneously maintaining, discourses and structures that lend them first right to decision-making over the natural resources of the locality. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]
The "strong leadership" of George W. BushINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOANALYTIC STUDIES, Issue 3 2008
Fred I. Greenstein
Abstract This paper further explores the phenomenon of the "strong leader" by presenting an account of President George W. Bush, whose early conduct in the White House seemed far from strong, but who rose to the challenge of the terrorist attacks on the US of September 11, 2001 and began to preside with authority and assertiveness over an administration that went to great lengths to put its stamp on the national and international policy agendas, but was intensely controversial in the policies it advanced. The paper provides a three dimensional account of Bush, reviewing his early years, political rise and presidential performance, and then analyzes his leadership style in terms of six criteria that have proven useful for characterizing and assessing earlier chief executives , emotional intelligence, cognitive style, effectiveness as a public communicator, organizational capacity, political skill, and the extent to which the president is guided by a realistic policy vision. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


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Happy Thanksgiving!
I'm taking the day off to celebrate Thankgiving with my loved ones and I hope you are doing the same, dear readers! I am incredibly thankful to be able to share my savvy shopping snippets with you each and every day. But, I'm even more thankful that we have the opportunity to be a part of the incredible Goodwill of Greater Washington mission each and every time we shop and donate to Goodwill.
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"Putin's theatrics represented a farrago of theater, fantasy and bluster. For many cause, Putin mentioned he was unveiling a nuclear-driven cruise missile with just about endless range. It is a Bizarre issue to say, for quite a few motives. It can be technologically tough to do (Which is the reason the Us citizens never ever crafted one, even following considering it over fifty yrs in the past), but far more to the point, it serves no intent.
Length by yourself was no promise of safety, as Somalia was strike more challenging than Bangladesh Irrespective of remaining Significantly farther absent.
In the event the gods are form, Putin's speech three times before AIPAC circus means that's the very last AIPAC humiliation the American persons will endure.
However justified that pleasure might have been at enough time, it speedily mutated click into distasteful vanity. Now, it is actually an outright Risk on the nation. Maybe nothing at all exemplifies this risk better than the Pentagon's dysfunctional acquisition program.
Each and every of such megathrust earthquakes also spawned tsunamis within the Pacific Ocean. Nevertheless, in reference comparison to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, the Demise toll from these earthquakes was significantly decreased, mostly due to decreased populace density together the coasts close to influenced regions, the Significantly increased distances to far more populated coasts, as well as the superior infrastructure and warning programs in MEDCs (Extra Economically Created Countries) for example Japan.
Also, the education has experienced the unanticipated result of improving relations between workers associates. "When you've ever worked inside a union atmosphere, there's a great deal of paranoia, lots of misinformation," Andy Schneider stated to me.
"In other words, Russia introduced the gun to a knife struggle and it appears that evidently Here is the only way to deal with America nowadays."
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The short respond to is that a framework, like flexibility itself, is inherently fragile. It needs servicing. You may't hope it to final Unless of course you give frequent infusions of Vitality. So one particular major danger is neglect. Folks must retain an express recognition of the corporation's objective, priorities, and rules.


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Tampa Bay/Hudson, Florida — Regional Medical Center Bayonet Point announces its recent appointment of Jessica Saunier, RN TNCC (Trauma Nurse Core Course) as Nurse Manager of its Med/Oncology 3 North unit. Ms. Saunier was promoted to that position from the critical care unit where she worked for years. She is currently completing her Bachelors of Nursing degree from Grand Canyon University where she also plans to continue with a Masters.
Ms. Saunier began at RMCBP in the Critical Care Unit after completing nursing school at Pasco-Hernando State College and was nominated to begin an internship in critical care. While in the CCU, Jessica acted as a relief charge nurse when needed and has developed a reputation as a patient experienced champion.


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Investigative journalist currently with Unravel True Crime. Formerly ABC News South Australia, triple j News, and ABC News Northern Territory. 2015 Marchbanks young journalist of the year. 2013 ABC journalism cadet. firstname.lastname@example.com / @rubyraetsjones
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It was a single drink in a London wine bar that tipped investigators to a possible connection between Donald Trump's campaign and Russia. For the first time, both men give their accounts of the evening.
Topics: donald-trump, world-politics, security-intelligence, foreign-affairs, united-states, australia
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In letters from jail, former top cop Mark Standen defends his relationship with career criminal Neville Tween, who was the prime suspect in Trudie Adams' disappearance.
Topics: murder-and-manslaughter, law-crime-and-justice, crime, sydney-2000, nsw, australia
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Inside the disturbing life and vicious crimes of the "evil old man" suspected of killing 18-year-old Trudie Adams.
Topics: law-crime-and-justice, crime, human, police, journalism, abc, people, youth, grief, drug-offences, sexual-offences, missing-person, death, sydney-2000, newport-beach-2106, avalon-beach-2107, australia
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The ABC's investigative true crime podcast series Unravel unearths a long-lost film that reveals the carefree life of Trudie Adams, who disappeared on Sydney's Northern Beaches 40 years ago.
Topics: law-crime-and-justice, film-movies, missing-person, avalon-beach-2107, nsw
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Several women contact the ABC's investigative true crime podcast Unravel recounting terrifying stories about attempted abductions and assaults in the 1970s on Sydney's Northern Beaches.
Topics: sexual-offences, law-crime-and-justice, crime, missing-person, sydney-2000, avalon-beach-2107
Nearly five years after virtually collapsing under millions of dollars of debt, South Australian food processor Spring Gully Foods has turned its fortunes around with the help of the public.
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Adelaide has seen its fair share of grisly killings over the years, but its reputation as the nation's murder capital comes down to a number of factors.
Topics: murder-and-manslaughter, crime, law-crime-and-justice, history, community-and-society, adelaide-5000, sa, snowtown-5520, truro-5356, australia
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Under the Federal Government's national redress scheme, victims of child sexual abuse who go onto commit sexual offences will not be eligible for compensation. But one perpetrator says that's not fair.
Topics: sexual-offences, family-and-children, law-crime-and-justice, child-abuse, community-and-society, royal-commissions, adelaide-5000, sa, vic
Guarded by her golden retriever, equestrian great Gillian Rolton is remembered as a courageous, determined and trailblazing sportswoman at a state funeral held at Victoria Park in Adelaide.
Topics: olympics-summer, cancer, diseases-and-disorders, community-and-society, sport, adelaide-5000, sa
Schoolteacher Sebastian Cielens desperately hopes his children have not inherited his glaucoma, but is one of almost 300,000 Australians looking forward to a day when the disease may be curable.
Topics: eyes, diseases-and-disorders, health, sa, adelaide-5000
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Singer Miller Upchurch from the band Slum Sociable talks about how the band's debut album was delayed as he focused on his mental health and how the music industry is working to address the issue.
Topics: mental-health, music, melbourne-3000, adelaide-5000
As ARIA prepares to hand out its first Teacher of the Year Award, singer-songwriter Katie Noonan is pushing for music to be taught in all schools.
Topics: music, arts-and-entertainment, education, music-education, schools, teachers, sa, sydney-2000, australia, adelaide-5000
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One of the biggest "voluntourism" companies in the world is cutting ties with all overseas orphanages, as evidence grows of children being stolen or trafficked to fulfil demand created by tourists.
Topics: government-and-politics, community-and-society, family-and-children, child-abuse, human-trafficking, travel-and-tourism, australia
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Sexual assault victim Nikki Keating was told she should feel "fortunate" her attacker had "got lucky" when she reported the incident. Now, she's trying to change the culture of her industry, as the Sex Discrimination Commissioner prepares to launch a workplace harassment survey.
Topics: sexual-offences, law-crime-and-justice, women, work, community-and-society, men, discrimination, australia, adelaide-5000, melbourne-3000, brisbane-4000
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Two carers employed by SA's Child Protection Department are deemed unsuitable to work with children, after undergoing psychological testing introduced in response to the crimes of paedophile carer Shannon McCoole.
Topics: states-and-territories, child-abuse, law-crime-and-justice, community-and-society, sa, adelaide-5000
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At her lowest points, Melinda Burke would stop eating and hurt herself. She says the creation of a $10 million centre for people with borderline personality disorder in SA will help her and others.
Topics: mental-health, health-policy, health-administration, healthcare-facilities, health, sa, adelaide-5000
Adelaide will host the 2019 Masters Games, with the State Government expecting the event to provide a multi-million dollar boost to the state economy.
Topics: athletics, sport, community-and-society, adelaide-5000, sa
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SA health authorities urge parents to have their children vaccinated for whooping cough, saying those who don't without good reason are putting others at risk.
Topics: vaccines-and-immunity, diseases-and-disorders, infectious-diseases-other, respiratory-diseases, health, sa, adelaide-5000
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Doctors are seeing an alarming spike in the number of young people using "nangs" — small canisters of nitrous oxide gas designed for whipping cream that can cause brain damage and death.
Topics: drugs-and-substance-abuse, health, doctors-and-medical-professionals, australia
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A recent spike in suicides of young men has brought the New South Wales town of Lithgow together, but a looming battle over the Springvale coal mine has thrown the future of this tight-knit community into doubt.
Topics: mental-health, regional, coal, community-development, suicide, lithgow-2790
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The world's biggest school-based volunteer travel company, World Challenge, will no longer offer trips to orphanages in the developing world after research showed the practice was harming vulnerable children.
Topics: community-and-society, travel-and-tourism, lifestyle-and-leisure, children, australia, cambodia, vietnam, asia
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Loud rumbles and shaking windows woke hundreds of residents across Adelaide in the early hours of Saturday but Geoscience Australia says no earthquake was recorded.
Topics: community-and-society, weather, adelaide-5000, sa
Australia's largest undeveloped copper project will be turned into a $916 million mine after OZ Minerals' board approves the Carrapateena project near Port Augusta.
Topics: mining-rural, unemployment, community-and-society, state-parliament, port-augusta-5700, sa, whyalla-5600
Workers at a major tomato producer are not being given a fair deal by their employer, with many still on precarious casual contracts, a national union and the Greens say.
Topics: food-processing, rural, unions, food-and-beverage, sa, two-wells-5501, adelaide-5000
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It's a type of domestic violence you probably haven't heard of: dowry abuse. Some Indian-Australian men are extorting thousands of dollars from the women they're marrying, under the guise of the tradition of dowry-giving. After marriage demands can escalate, with threats and violence if more gifts aren't provided. This is Kasish's story.
Topics: domestic-violence, community-and-society, marriage, family-and-children, religion-and-beliefs, australia, asia, india


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A useful test that has usually been done in a laboratory is the measurement of blood HbA1c levels. This is the ratio of glycated hemoglobin in relation to the total hemoglobin. Persistent raised plasma glucose levels cause the proportion of these molecules to go up. This is a test that measures the average amount of diabetic control over a period originally thought to be about 3 months (the average red blood cell lifetime), but more recently[when?] thought to be more strongly weighted to the most recent 2 to 4 weeks. In the non-diabetic, the HbA1c level ranges from 4.0–6.0%; patients with diabetes mellitus who manage to keep their HbA1c level below 6.5% are considered to have good glycemic control. The HbA1c test is not appropriate if there has been changes to diet or treatment within shorter time periods than 6 weeks or there is disturbance of red cell aging (e.g. recent bleeding or hemolytic anemia) or a hemoglobinopathy (e.g. sickle cell disease). In such cases the alternative Fructosamine test is used to indicate average control in the preceding 2 to 3 weeks.
Implementing integrative and functional medical nutrition therapy, I helped the patient understand that she could reverse the trajectory she was on by making lifestyle changes—and that's what she did. We engaged in shared decision making in our ongoing nutrition consultations. Over the course of one year, her physiology and health status changed for the better. Her A1c dropped from 7.2% to 5.6%, and she no longer required medications. She continues to adhere to her new lifestyle program and is confident she'll remain free of a diabetes diagnosis.
Beware of claims that seem too good to be true. Look for scientific-based sources of information. The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse collects resource information for the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Reference Collection, a service of the National Institutes of Health. To learn more about alternative therapies for diabetes treatment, contact the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Clearinghouse.
To help you avoid or limit fast food, Chong recommends planning ahead by packing healthy meals or snacks. Diabetes-friendly snack ideas include a piece of fruit, a handful of nuts, and yogurt. Also, if you absolutely must stop at a fast-food restaurant, steer clear of anything that's deep-fried — such as french fries, chicken nuggets, and breaded fish or chicken, Chong says.
Random blood sugar test. A blood sample will be taken at a random time. Blood sugar values are expressed in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Regardless of when you last ate, a random blood sugar level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher suggests diabetes, especially when coupled with any of the signs and symptoms of diabetes, such as frequent urination and extreme thirst.
Type 2 diabetes develops when the body cannot use insulin properly or make enough insulin, so the body cannot properly use or store glucose (a form of sugar) and sugar backs up into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels. In the United States, some 8.9 percent of adults 20 and older have been found to have diabetes, and health officials estimate that another 3.5 percent have undiagnosed diabetes.
"High glycemic index foods are going to be primarily processed foods," says Lori Chong, RD, CDE, at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center in Columbus. Those processed foods tend to have more white sugar and flour in them, which are higher on the GI, she says. Foods lower on the GI include vegetables, especially non-starchy vegetables, like broccoli, cauliflower, and leafy greens and whole-grain products, such as brown rice (as opposed to white rice), Chong says. She notes that even many fruits are low on the GI, with pineapple and dried fruit being some of the highest (Berries, apples, and pears tend to be fairly low.)
Diabetic persons are advised to make morning appointments to the dental care provider as during this time of the day the blood sugar levels tend to be better kept under control. Not least, individuals who suffer from diabetes must make sure both their physician and dental care provider are informed and aware of their condition, medical history and periodontal status.
There have been some small, limited studies as well as anecdotal reports that certain alternative or "natural" treatments can help control blood glucose levels in people with diabetes or otherwise prevent the condition or prevent its complications. These can include herbs or dietary supplements. Examples include garlic, cinnamon, alpha-lipoic acid, aloe vera, chromium, ginseng, and magnesium.
Over a year ago I was diagnosed with DT2. I was devastated… I told that I needed to take medication and eat according to the ADA recommendations. I never did anything that I was told. I refused to take the medication and went to a LCHF diet. My A1C has never been above a 4.7 for an entire year and I lost 80 pounds with doing nothing but eating. I feel great and my labs are stellar…
A spice that is popular for soothing your stomach and aiding digestion, Ginger also has the ability to normalize blood sugar levels. Multiple studies conducted on rats show that ginger extract can have a significant anti-hyperglycemic effect. It lowers serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and increases the HDL-cholesterol levels. Diabetes is a digestive disorder. Diabetics often face issues with acid reflux. Ginger soothes the entire digestive tract, giving diabetics another reason to add ginger to their supplement regimen.
Gene therapy can be used to manufacture insulin directly: an oral medication, consisting of viral vectors containing the insulin sequence, is digested and delivers its genes to the upper intestines. Those intestinal cells will then behave like any viral infected cell, and will reproduce the insulin protein. The virus can be controlled to infect only the cells which respond to the presence of glucose, such that insulin is produced only in the presence of high glucose levels. Due to the limited numbers of vectors delivered, very few intestinal cells would actually be impacted and would die off naturally in a few days. Therefore, by varying the amount of oral medication used, the amount of insulin created by gene therapy can be increased or decreased as needed. As the insulin-producing intestinal cells die off, they are boosted by additional oral medications.[76]
Like the sulfonylureas, meglitinides is a class of drugs that work by promoting insulin secretion from the pancreas. Unlike the sulfonylureas, which last longer in the body, repaglinide (Prandin) and nateglinide (Starlix) are very short acting, with peak effects within one hour. For this reason, they are given up to three times a day just before meals.


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Since there are various distinct means by which you can advertise your site, it can get too much to handle. Write article content you might post in your web page or you could submit in various sites. Just like you learn to market your site, a second skill you need to develop is normally list building'. How and where to publicize your website If your site is all about cartoons, obviously the top spot to industry your website is definitely on additional anime sites, forums and blogs. There are countless ways to publicize your site and a combination of strategies would be even more advisable.
Getting different websites to link to you have an excellent way to publicize the church site. Keep in mind, a tiny tweak every now and then on your internet site can cause a very huge shift in your provider. Finally, when you're working out how to advertise your site, it is critical to ensure that you will absolutely building a community. With the the most suitable content a website can get immediate attraction just by simply being shared with the correct individuals. Although an excellent webpage is a meaningful means to symbolize your brand identity and enhance buyer experience, you are going to still require a promotional marketing campaign to have the attention you have attained. To stay in front of your competition on-line today, you will need an up-to-date, professional internet site.
If you help to make a site, you should not pay everything to promote it. Nonetheless a bit intricate, but the specific first thing to completely promote your internet site is to try to create it is Wikipedia page. Your website should be a central link where all of your fans and possible sales opportunities can congregate together. Promoting your site is actually a continuous treatment to enhance search results visibility and boost website traffic. You should industry your site to a present industry. Other forms of sites happen to be marketing equipment in and of themselves, featuring information about the organization and the way to greatest get in touch pertaining to services within a web-based brochure. You might have the very best designed web page on Earth, when non-e can find it, your webblog isn't of any benefit.
If it pertains to marketing your web site, there are specific across the internet tactics that has to be synchronized to make sure an extensive and cohesive online advertising approach. Before you begin looking at how to marketplace a website making use of business sites, it's essential to be aware of a fast disclaimer. As being a promotion software, websites deliver info regarding your business simply in the event the marketplace knows about and visits this. Figuring out how you can publicize your blog to get the the majority of essential feasible traffic enhance is easier said than performed.
Once more, you will want to pick websites which are inside your specialized market. Again, you will definitely want to choose websites that are within your specialised market. Promoting your site merely only to get visitors to your site, you intend to create unique and valuable content to make sure they stay much longer and more significantly arrive backside regularly. Allow your market understand your site exist. Your website are certain to get maximum struck thereafter. It is essential that your web sites ought to be present in virtually every internet search engine outcome, networking communities, and transmitting websites. Many websites offer an individual section to incorporate important responses from their clientele tmp-stag.cloudaccess.host.
You'll be a little more successful if you are using many methods to publicize your websites. As you put together to promote your internet site, here are a few things you can do and remain in mind. Be sure to are endorsing your site to your intended projected audience. Hence it is going to become essential to advertise your web site through felicitous channel. By using article directories with back links, your web blog will get lots of points to boost search engine ranking standing. If you're likely to create a Web-site for your business, you must consider how you'd utilize Web-site promotion to draw tourists. The very first step you will need to get website advertising is a site. It doesn't should be a nightmare. It is an internet marketing answer pertaining to organizations who would like to publicize online. A superb site promotion holds the secret to success of any company. At this time a-days web page Promotion converted into the vital item to get virtually any business simply to make it through in the sector, after you make due on the market you are able to make your company from Internet Marketing. The trick to powerful site advertising is using all of the tools out there!
Promo can be a demanding job to get successfully. Always keep in mind that internet site promotion is actually a vital requirement of virtually any web page. Website Campaign is the best way to attract internet consumer at the website employing that you're able to improve our readers and also introduce our company products and services to users. The absolute most important issue to keep in mind is that webpage promotion isn't really something that you may rush .


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In the site, you can get StumbleUpon toolbar for your browser so that you can explore it at any time. You can also download StumbleUpon Addon for browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. StumbleUpon app is also available for devices like iPhone, Android phone etc… And you can also download the StumbleUpon App for Windows 8 from the Windows Store.
Traffic exchange users are comparatively low quality, but they're still real humans. You're getting real people to view your site, you're just not bringing them in organically the way Google intends. You can make money from these users, but your conversion rate will be typically lower than what you might see from organic traffic. Of course, it's also much cheaper and faster to find this traffic than it is to invest in SEO and content marketing.
I find it interesting that you talked about nutrition supplements for athletes. I am very close to launching such a product for enhancing aerobic exercise performance in women (ie. improved times in a 3 mile run).. The product contains no stimulants or exotic herbs. In fact three of the five ingredients are well known minerals, but in forms not found in most multi-vitamin-mineral supplements. The research behind the product comes from me. The credibility behind the research is that I am a professor of human nutrition with over 100 research papers. Now, the trick will be to use my connections and credibility in a business savvy way.
"With my background in digital marketing, I realize the importance of having an overall strategy, and I put great emphasis on setting realistic, actionable goals that work to accomplish a master plan. If you're in IM for a quick, easy buck, then all you are going to do is waste your time and money chasing fantasies. The reality is, it takes dedication and hard work to be successful, but for those who are willing to learn, we can teach you what it takes to set up a long-term profitable business." – Brian Gray
Traffic is therefore a decisive success factor for every website. Where does traffic come from? How can you increase your traffic? There are important questions to be answered if you want to run a successful website. You can answer these questions with analysis tools, for example – one of the most frequently used is Google Analytics. This is an external service from Google that you can integrate visibly into the source code of your website. Most web hosts now also offer traffic monitoring options.
I am new at this. I have been researching keywords and have found a few keyword phrases that nobody in the first page of Google results is even using in their Title Tag or H1 Tag. Some of the companies on the results page have a high pagerank and lots of backlinks. If I optimize for this exact keyword phrase with a new website, would I have much of a chance of getting on the first page eventually?
This is another program doing much the same as the previous two, but it has a few unique aspects that put it on this list above the hordes of others. Particularly, it comes in many forms; a web interface, a stand-alone browser, a windows or mac executable or even a paid version. In a fit of goodwill, the paid version – costing $30 for the cheapest version – comes with a huge warning to try the free version before buying. It also warns of a lack of refund policy, so buyer beware.
Slide presentation, though this seems traditional way, a presentation with attractive slides can bring more traffic and leads to your business. If you're more concerned about leads than traffic, start creating a slide or hire a designer. I recommend Slideshare.net to share your slides, as this can bring more exposure to your slides. You can check out the Harsh's profile on Slideshare, where he utilized his webpage to PDF technique, to create slides for SlideShare.
Piggy back on the success of others. Create a presence on websites which are highly trafficked. This is beside the Facebooks, the Twitters, and the YouTubes. Figure out the relevant sites in your niche and get yourself linked in there. If you are a music producer, it's Soundcloud. If you are a Joomla developer, it's the JED. If you focus on WordPress, it's the Plugins directory. Find the behemoth in your niche, and piggyback a ride on their success. It's also good to find a niche in your niche. Riding on somebody's success is a guaranteed way of increasing website traffic. Hence the reason people guest post. More on that later.
Not sure exactly why, perhaps I used a number too big and since my page is about classifieds, it probably seemed too much to browse through 1500 ads, I assume? Somewhat like you would post 800 tips for better ranking? Don't know, will try to change things a bit and see how it goes, but you really gave me some new suggestions to go for with this article. Thanks again 🙂
The third criterion is derived from the behavior of the users of the site, which becomes more complex as the user rates more and more websites. Until you have tried StumbleUpon and experienced what the website has to offer, it is hard to figure out what it does and what are its benefits. Suffice it to say that being an active member of StumbleUpon may gain you more targeted traffic to your website.
This was very interesting. I run a website that promotes sports entertainment amongst teenagers who are graphic designers or video editors. The foundation is in place (Over 60 contributors) so my only focus is how to blog consistently about what goes on in the sports world with appeal to teenagers. I am confident i took a huge step today after learning these 4 steps!
Thanks Jure. That actually makes sense. Exactly: I've tested lowering the number of tips in a few posts and it's helped CTR/organic traffic. One thing to keep in mind is that the number can also be: the year, time (like how long it will take to find what someone needs), % (like 25% off) etc. It doesn't have to be the number of tips, classified ads, etc.
Why Rebels? In the exciting and sometimes frustrating world of IM, there is one constant: hype. Too much of it, The Rebels believe. Excitement is great but too much hype can mislead prospective consumers, even lead them to make poor decisions. And that has led to many people having a perception of this industry that ranges from caution to considering it a complete sham.
The largest search engines, Google, Bing and Yahoo, each have fairly simple programs to get started. You determine the key words or search phrase as well as the amount you are willing to spend (per click and/or per day). Most of them offer simple programs that require you to fill out a form and put a certain amount of money down as credit; you can also use a credit card to pay as you go. Like anything new, start small with paid SEM and add complexity (and budget) as you learn more and see results over time.
I'm a big advocate of quality. It's so much more important than frequency. In my experience, one great piece a month will get much better results than a so-so post once a week. But if you don't want to reduce your frequency, you could try creating a format or series of posts that are easier to create, like interviews. This can fill in the weeks in between while you write something with more impact. Mix it up! 🙂
By purchasing cheap, high-quality and targeted site traffic you also get an opportunity to track the number of visitors who are visiting your site. This will allow you to incorporate changes in your marketing and selling strategies and thereby convert more visitors into permanent clients. Besides, you also get the opportunity to track real-time results and find out whether your investment is actually bringing you the desired results.
You probably visit at least a few sites that are relevant to your business on a regular basis, so why not join the conversation? Commenting doesn't necessarily provide an immediate boost to referral traffic right away, but making a name for yourself by providing insightful, thought-provoking comments on industry blogs and sites is a great way to get your name out there – which can subsequently result in driving more traffic to your own site. Just remember that, as with guest posting, quality and relevance are key – you should be engaging with other people in your niche, not dropping spam links on unrelated websites.
This information hits the mark. "If you want your content to go viral, write content that influencers in your niche will want to share." I love the information about share triggers too. I'm wondering, though, if you could share your insights on how influencers manage to build such vast followings. At some point, they had to start without the support of other influencers. It would seem that they found a way to take their passion directly to a "ready" world. Excellent insights. Thanks for sharing.
Note: Some of the high ranking pages may be on famous websites (Domain Authority of 90+). If so, it's unlikely you'll outrank them …unless, their high ranking page isn't very focused on the topic. If you can make a higher quality page that better indicates it's relevance by using the keyphrase, you may be able to outrank them! More on using keywords in a bit…
I find it interesting that you talked about nutrition supplements for athletes. I am very close to launching such a product for enhancing aerobic exercise performance in women (ie. improved times in a 3 mile run).. The product contains no stimulants or exotic herbs. In fact three of the five ingredients are well known minerals, but in forms not found in most multi-vitamin-mineral supplements. The research behind the product comes from me. The credibility behind the research is that I am a professor of human nutrition with over 100 research papers. Now, the trick will be to use my connections and credibility in a business savvy way.


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Cumbria Tours Guide
Explore the very best of Cumbria without the strain of driving. Sit back... Relax... and enjoy the stunning views.
Prices shown are for a private cab and driver for the full day and do not necessarily cover all costs such as admission. Be sure to check tour details by getting in touch.


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customer, Enterprise Project Management Office, EPMO, feedback, PMO, Project Management, project review, survey
Are your customers thrilled with the performance of your EPMO? Or do they hate the EPMO? Are they lukewarm – take it or leave it?
Do you know how they feel? How do you know their thoughts?
Maybe you don't really know at all.
Additionally, do you have any idea of ways that your customers think the EPMO can improve?
I have two pretty good guesses for you:
- You don't know how your customers feel about your EPMO
- You don't know ways that your customers want you to improve
You really, really need to know those two things.
Not a good place to be for you or your EPMO.
So change it.
The answer…
You need to survey your customers after projects. You may do post-project reviews, but I am not talking about that. I am talking about a confidential survey sent-out by the leader of the EPMO to the members of the project team that worked with the project manager. Ask for the project team members candid feedback.
In this survey, the project team will give the EPMO leader direct feedback that will never show-up in a post-project review. And this feedback will tell you two things:
- How your customers feel about your EPMO
- Ways that your customers want you to improve
The exact two things that you don't know now.
You don't know how your customers feel about your EPMO. You don't know ways that your customers want you to improve. You really, really need to know those two things.
How to get started
After a project, sit down with the project manager and identify team members that were involved in the project that will be surveyed. Stick with team members that were involved enough in the project that they can give good feedback. Someone that only contributed a very small amount to the project and wasn't very involved can be left-out of the survey.
Since this was likely a cross-functional project, team members to be surveyed can be from all across the company. You may have people from Marketing, HR, IT, Operations, etc. that all need to be surveyed. And in some cases, people external to the company may also need to be surveyed.
Once you have decided on who to survey, you need to determine what to ask them. I have a base survey that I use. It can be modified as needed for a specific project, but my base survey is just 10 questions.
The 10 questions to ask your customers
For the first 6 questions, I ask for one of five responses:
- Strongly agree
- Inclined to agree
- Neither agree nor disagree
- Inclined to disagree
- Strongly disagree
Here are my 10 base questions:
- (PM name) was always organized and prepared
- (PM name) worked well with all team members
- (PM name) did a good job of keeping the team aware of the project schedule and status
- (PM name) tracked issues and action items effectively
- (PM name) showed the proper amount of urgency in moving the project forward
- (PM name) was effective at helping the team identify solutions
- What are the greatest strengths that you saw demonstrated by (PM name) on this project?
- What are the greatest improvement needs for (PM name) based on your experiences on this project?
- I would like to work with (PM name) on a future project (yes/no)
- What additional comments would you like to share about your experiences with (PM name)?
Note that question #9 is just a simple yes/no. In a survey I always like one thumbs-up/thumbs-down question. That way, even if the person taking the survey has improvement needs for the PM, I still want to know if they were dissatisfied enough that they would never want to work with this person again.
Sending the survey
If you have an on-line tool available for the survey (I like SharePoint) use that. But if you don't, you can send each person a spreadsheet and have them take the survey that way.
In the email that I send to the project team members that will take the survey, I always include a paragraph something like this:
To make you feel comfortable in providing your candid and honest feedback, I want you to know that no one other than me will see your survey responses. This survey is going out to a number of people that worked with (PM name) on (project name) – but I will use the feedback to provide (PM name) with an overall view of the feedback, and not to share individual responses with (PM name).
Survey Results
You will be amazed at the honest feedback you will get with this survey. Hopefully much of it is positive, but what you are most interested in are ways to help the PM improve.
When I look at the survey results, I am looking for trends. When only one or two people mention something I don't give that the same weight as when a large number of the respondents say something similar. So you will have to use your judgment to determine what is valid feedback to provide the PM.
And please provide this feedback to the PM as soon as you can. The PM is always a bit antsy knowing that feedback on them is being collected, so let them know the results as soon as possible.
The end result
Surveys let you know how your customers feel about the EPMO. They also let you know how to improve. They provide you with more information to evaluate the performance of the PMs, and they help your team members develop into even stronger project managers.
And when handing our recognition at the end of the project, the survey responses often have great ideas that you can use to highlight the strengths of the PM on a project.
Just 10 questions. 10 questions that will open your eyes. 10 questions that will improve your EPMO. 10 questions that will tell you how your customers view your EPMO.
So what project do you have in progress right now that you can survey when it completes? Find one and get started. Ask the 10 questions. Learn. Improve.
Become an EPMO that your customers can't live without.
Be irreplaceable.


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Athens, GA
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I'm a 21-year old college student at the University of Georgia. I have always thought mopeds rocked and I finally got one... a beautiful Grande! Now I am in the process of getting her running and then out to swarm and destroy Athens! Puahahaha!


text: Pets Early in human history, man domesticated an early ancestor of the modern day dog. For its part, this creature helped protect people from wild animals and guarded his domestic animals such as goats and sheep. In return, it received food and shelter. Over time, man and dog came to trust each other. These first "dogs" were mostly likely especially gentle jackals, or perhaps ailing wolves exiled from their packs. Traces of an indigenous dog family can be found in almost all parts of the world. There are several exceptions –in New Zealand, the Polynesian Islands, Madagascar, the eastern islands of the Malaysian Archipelago and the West Indian Islands have no evidence of any dog, fox or wolf existing as a native animal. In the ancient Oriental lands, and generally among the early Mongolians, the dog remained savage and neglected for centuries, prowling in packs, gaunt and wolf-like, as it prowls today through the streets and under the walls of every Eastern city. No attempt was made to allure it into human .panionship or to improve it into docility. It is not until we .e to examine the records of the higher civilizations of Assyria and Egypt that we discover any distinct varieties of canine form. The great multitude of different breeds of the dog and the vast differences in their size, points, and general appearance are facts which make it difficult to believe that they could have had a .mon ancestry. One thinks of the difference between the Mastiff and the Japanese Spaniel, the Deerhound and the fashionable Pomeranian, the St. Bernard and the Miniature Black and Tan Terrier, and is perplexed in contemplating the possibility of their having descended from a .mon progenitor. Yet the disparity is no greater than that between the Shire horse and the Shetland pony, the Shorthorn and the Kerry cattle, or the Patagonian and the Pygmy; and all dog breeders know how easy it is to produce a variety in type and size by studied selection. In considering the question of dogs and wolves sharing a .mon origin, we should first look at their skeletal structures, or the osseous system. These are close enough in both species that their transposition from one to the other could hardly be noticed. The spine of the dog consists of seven vertebrae in the neck, thirteen in the back, seven in the loins, three sacral vertebrae, and twenty to twenty-two in the tail. In both the dog and the wolf there are thirteen pairs of ribs, nine true and four false. Each has forty-two teeth. They both have five front and four hind toes, while outwardly the .mon wolf has so much the appearance of a large, bare-boned dog, that a popular description of the one would serve for the other. Nor are their habits different. The wolf's natural voice is a loud howl, but when confined with dogs he will learn to bark. Although he is carnivorous, he will also eat vegetables, and when sickly he will nibble grass. In the chase, a pack of wolves will divide into parties, one following the trail of the quarry, the other attempting to intercept its retreat, exercising a considerable amount of strategy, a trait which is exhibited by many of our sporting dogs and terriers when hunting in teams. Yet another similarity between canis lupus and canis familiaris is the gestation period, which is sixty=three days for each. The wolf's litter usually has from three to nine cubs. These are blind for twenty-one days. After two months of being suckled, they are capable of eating half-digested flesh which their dam or even sire has disgorged for them. The dogs and wolves native to almost all regions closely resemble each other in size, coloration, form and habit, a fact too widespread to be simply coincidental. An observer in 1829, Sir John Richardson, .mented that the only difference he could see between the wolves of North America and the domestic dog of the Indians was the greater size and strength of the wolf. It has been suggested that the one incontrovertible argument against the lupine relationship of the dog is the fact that all domestic dogs bark, while all wild canidae express their feelings only by howls. But the difficulty here is not so great as it seems, since we know that jackals, wild dogs, and wolf pups reared by bitches readily acquire the habit. On the other hand, domestic dogs allowed to run wild f.et how to bark. The presence or absence of the habit of barking cannot, then, be regarded as an argument in deciding the question concerning the origin of the dog. We might consider Darwin's belief that domestic dogs descended from several species of wolf from places as diverse as Europe, India and North Africa, as well as several species of jackal, and possibly from one or more species now extinct. This suggestion that our modern dogs had such a diverse ancestry could be the truest explanation we will find. About the Author: 相关的主题文章:


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The National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness should continue.
It provides an unmatched analysis of the factors involved in the unacceptable numbers of these suicides and homicides and points the way to preventing future tragedies. But we are concerned there still appears to be no intention to monitor the implementation of inquiry recommendations.
We agree with Louis Appleby's emphasis on clinical practice and training in improving safety in mental health services. SANE has identified a disturbing failure of risk assessment in two thirds of the 69 independent homicide reports we analysed - a figure echoed in our experience in cases of suicide. Without rigorous follow-up to the findings of these national inquiries, there will be more unnecessary loss of life.
Marjorie Wallace, chief executive, SANE


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Quito Panecillo Kites Ecuador
Learn Spanish in classes in two cities in Ecuador – Quito and Cuenca – with professional teachers who'll improve your level.
You'll practice plenty on these year-round courses, studying by day and practising with your host family in the evenings.
The school offers cultural and social activities that include salsa classes, cooking and visits to places of local interest.
Speaking the language makes your holiday even more rewarding with more contact with locals.
The ladies there are really welcoming, patient and had a keen interest in my pushing forward in learning Spanish.
Thank you again for your assistance, the entire experience was wonderful.
K. Radoll, Spanish classes
Let our experts put together the perfect language holiday to fit your time, budget and tastes.
Join a small group of like-minded travellers on a fixed date, language course in Ecuador.
What's a group trip?
Join a small group of like-minded travellers on a guided trip.
What's a tailor made trip?
We put together a bespoke tour to fit your requirements.
Prices From $3,121 / £2,517 per person
Dates: From January 2019 to December 2020
Duration: 10
Capacity: 16 people
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A. Heineike, USA, 2013
» Learn Spanish & Trek The Inca Trail
We were very lucky to have the company of some fantastic guides on the tour. Marco, our main tour guide, was as helpful as ever. The children will also mention Willow (Colca Canyon), Maria and Ruben (Puno and Taquile), Marlene (our host in the barrio [poor neighbourhood] of Cusco), Cristian and his rafting team, 'George of The Jungle' at Wasai and Fabiola (our tour guide in Lima). Enthusiastic and caring people – all of them. There were others too which i haven't mentioned. The trip would not have been such a great success without the superb organisation of Andean Trails and the personal attention of Kathy (the boss). We may have been their paying customers but their organisation, attention to detail and efficiency was fantastic. If you or any members of your family are ever planning a South American trip in the future then I don't think you need to look any further for a quality organisation to organise your trip. Anyone who is familiar with our previous trip in 2006 will find it hard to believe that we actually crammed in more than we did then. For example, we had a great open-top-bus tour of Arequipa, saw a lot more of Lima including San Francisco and its catacombs and Lima's Inca gold museum. The most significant addition to the trip was the visit to the poor barrio (bar-ee-oh) arranged by Andean Trails. We left a great quantity of clothes, football kits, pencils and 80+ 'Tiny Tots' watches donated by the Ragdoll TV company. A few members of the St Benedict's community also donated a bit of money which we left with Marlene. The kids had great fun playing football with them and friendships were made the following day when 16 of them joined us on the rafting trip. On the bus to the river communication was easy and fun – we sang a song in English and then they sang a song in Spanish – again and again. It was great to see the handshakes and hugs between them all as we all said goodbye. We hope to maintain our contact with Andean Trails and Marlene and their work and are planning to raise money for 'the project' through our Advent and Lenten charity appeals.
Alex Hendry, UK, 2016
» Tailor made school trip to Peru
South America Travel Special - mailchi.mp/495f89cb32bd/south-…
11th May, 2019 12:59 am
The Kaieteur falls in Guyana are one of the world's tallest single-drop waterfalls by volume of water. At 226 metres they are almost 5 times higher than the Niagara falls and have an average flow rate of 663 cubic metres per second. They are located in the Kaieteur National Park which is roughly 241 kms south-west of Georgetown within the Pakaraima Mountain Range. They are also totally off the beaten path and unspoilt. This means that you may be one of only a handful of people visiting when you go – unlike the Iguassu or Niagara Falls. Legend …
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If you want a lawn that you?ll be really proud of get a wolf on the job. The Wolf Ambition 53AHW lawn mower is a robust and reliable petrol-driven mower with a powerful 3.5hp, 4-stroke OHV engine. It will make short work of your lawn with its 53cm cutting width and with a large 80L collection bag you?ll spend more of your time mowing and less time emptying the bag. You?ll know when it needs emptying because an indicator will alert you. Manoeuvring the 53AHW is made easier thanks to the large rear wheels, and you get a great choice of how short you want your lawn with 6 height adjustments of between 2.5cm and 9.00cm. The Wolf Ambition 53AHW petrol lawn mower is simple to clean and has a folding handle for easy storage.
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For a long time now I've wanted to add the ability for storing data from twitteR into a RDBMS. In the past I've done things by concatenating new results onto old results which simply becomes unwieldy. I know that many people have doctored up their own solutions for this but it seemed useful to have it baked in. Unfortunately I never had the time or energy to do this so the idea languished. But then dplyr happened – it provides some revolutionary tools for interacting with data stored in a database backend. I figured I'd kill two birds with one stone by finally implementing this project which in turn would give me a lot of data to play with. This is all checked in to master on github.
This is still a work in progress, so please let me know if you have any comments, particularly as regards making it more seamless to use.
First, some basics:
- While theoretically any DBI based backend will work, currently only RMySQL and RSQLite are supported.
- The only types of data able to be persisted are tweets (status) objects and user objects. Granted, this likely covers 95%+ of use cases.
- Data can be retrieved as either a list of the appropriate object or as a data.frame representing the table. Only the entire table will be retrieved – my expectation is that it will be simpler for users to interact with data via things like dplyr.
To continue, suppose we have a list of tweets we want to persist. Simply call store_tweets_db() with your list and they'll be persisted into your database. By default they will be persisted to the table tweets but you can change this with the table_name argument.
Finally, to retrieve your tweets from the database the function is load_tweets_db(). By default this will return a list of the appropriate object, although by specifying as.data.frame=TRUE the result will be a data.frame mirroring the actual table. Much like store_tweets_db() there is a table_name argument.
Note that for user data there is a mirror set of functions, store_users_db() and load_users_db(), and the default table name is users.
R-bloggers.com offers daily e-mail updates about R news and tutorials on topics such as: Data science, Big Data, R jobs, visualization (ggplot2, Boxplots, maps, animation), programming (RStudio, Sweave, LaTeX, SQL, Eclipse, git, hadoop, Web Scraping) statistics (regression, PCA, time series, trading) and more...


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The Abia State Chapter of All Progressives Congress (APC) has described 2019 as a year of liberation of the people of Abia from the clutches of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) misrule in the state.
The APC, in its new year message, thanked Abians for their cooperation and wished them successful entrance into the New Year.
In a statement by its Publicity Secretary in the state, Comrade Benedict Godson, APC pleaded with Abians to exercise patience as their sufferings will soon be over following the defeat that awaits what it described as the anti-people government of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in Abia.
Read Also: Obasanjo attacks Buhari's govt again
The statement quoted the state leadership of APC as advising Governor Okezie Victor Ikpeazu to begin to pack his loads in readiness to vacate the Umuahia Government House for a suitable, God-sent liberator in the person of Dr. Uche Sampson Ogah, who according to it, will take the state to its real height.
The message reads: "It's a New Year and everything about this year must be totally new in our state. For us here, it's a year of total liberation and transformation. Our people have endured a lot from the PDP. Our people have suffered a lot, but there's always a time to say it's enough.
"Abians should start now to feel the change that's coming our ways. From the campaigns down to the main election, we urge them work, vote and see the devastating downfall of their oppressors and return all glory to God at the end.
"Every citizen of this state and those dwelling in the state who are not comfortable with where we are currently languishing in this terrible condition as a result of bad governance, must as a matter of commitment and patriotism play roles necessary towards this incoming liberation and transformation.
"God has already sent us someone that will make things easier and better for us. We urge Abians to understand that no one can give what he doesn't have.
"The emergence of Dr. Uche Sampson Ogah, an industrialist and an employer of labour as governorhsip candidate in a state that's begin for the revival of her industrial prowess and revitalization of her commercial and business status is not a mere coincidence.
"This is God sending us a liberator of which all we need to do as a people is to believe and work together with him to rescue Abia from the shackles of this reckless and incompetent government currently being run by group of people that are allergic to giving the people good things, but enjoy watching our people suffer.
"The PDP should start packing their loads. Their fraudulent tactics and picture project strategy has failed woefully. Every agent of stagnation and backwardness is not needed in Abia and that's what PDP is.
"Abia State must be liberated and APC is the answer. We shall match and beat them in all ramifications. They know very well that we are not a party they can bully around and intimidate hide or shy away from the real game when it all begin.
Read Also: MURIC blows hot as court grants suspected killers of army general bail
"There'll be no hiding space for all their incompetent candidates and oppressors of NdiAbia who just wants to remain in power as if it's their birthrights.
"They'll be thoroughly swept aside by the heavy wind of change that's whistling from afar to whom it may concern to stay clear off the path of change or be swept away."