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Germany Population: 80,722,7922 VISITORS FROM HERE!
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|As Europe's largest economy and second most populous nation (after Russia), Germany is a key member of the continent's economic, political, and defense organizations. European power struggles immersed Germany in two devastating World Wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union in 1945. With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR). The democratic FRG embedded itself in key western economic and security organizations, the EC, which became the EU, and NATO, while the communist GDR was on the front line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact. The decline of the USSR and the end of the Cold War allowed for German unification in 1990. Since then, Germany has expended considerable funds to bring eastern productivity and wages up to western standards. In January 1999, Germany and 10 other EU countries introduced a common European exchange currency, the euro.
Strategic location on North European Plain and along the entrance to the Baltic Sea; most major rivers in Germany - the Rhine, Weser, Oder, Elbe - flow northward; the Danube, which originates in the German Alps, flows eastward
|Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 357,022 sq km
land: 348,672 sq km
water: 8,350 sq km
Size comparison: three times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Montana
|Land Boundaries:
|total: 3,714 km border countries (9): Austria 801 km, Belgium 133 km, Czech Republic 704 km, Denmark 140 km, France 418 km, Luxembourg 128 km, Netherlands 575 km, Poland 467 km, Switzerland 348 km
|2,389 km
|Maritime claims:
| territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
|temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind
|lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south
|Elevation extremes:
|Natural resources:
|coal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land
|Land use:
| agricultural land: 48% arable land 34.1%; permanent crops 0.6%; permanent pasture 13.3% forest: 31.8%
other: 20.2% (2011 est.)
|Irrigated land:
|6,500 sq km (2012)
|Natural hazards:
|Current Environment Issues:
|emissions from coal-burning utilities and industries contribute to air pollution; acid rain, resulting from sulfur dioxide emissions, is damaging forests; pollution in the Baltic Sea from raw sewage and industrial effluents from rivers in eastern Germany; hazardous waste disposal; government established a mechanism for ending the use of nuclear power by 2022; government working to meet EU commitment to identify nature preservation areas in line with the EU's Flora, Fauna, and Habitat directive
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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| noun: German(s)
adjective: German
|Ethnic groups:
|German 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish)
|German (official) note: Danish, Frisian, Sorbian, and Romany are official minority languages; Low German, Danish, North Frisian, Sater Frisian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, and Romany are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
|Protestant 34%, Roman Catholic 34%, Muslim 3.7%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%
|80,722,792 (July 2016 est.)
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 12.83% (male 5,317,183/female 5,040,664)
15-24 years: 10.22% (male 4,203,985/female 4,044,789)
25-54 years: 40.96% (male 16,721,667/female 16,345,911)
55-64 years: 14.23% (male 5,695,117/female 5,788,493)
65 years and over: 21.76% (male 7,709,799/female 9,855,184) (2016 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 51.8%
youth dependency ratio: 19.6%
elderly dependency ratio: 32.2%
potential support ratio: 3.1% (2015 est.)
|Median age:
| total: 46.8 years
male: 45.7 years
female: 47.9 years (2016 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|-0.16% (2016 est.)
|Birth rate:
|8.5 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
|Death rate:
|11.6 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
| urban population: 75.3% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: 0.16% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|BERLIN (capital) 3.563 million; Hamburg 1.831 million; Munich 1.438 million; Cologne 1.037 million (2015)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
|Mother's mean age at first birth:
|29.2 (2012 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|6 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 3.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 80.7 years male: 78.4 years
female: 83.1 years (2016 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|1.44 children born/woman (2016 est.)
|Contraceptive prevalence rate:
|66.2% note: percent of women aged 18-49 (2005)
|Health expenditures:
|11.3% of GDP (2014)
|Physicians density:
|3.89 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
|Hospital bed density:
|8.2 beds/1,000 population (2011)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2015 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 99.3% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 99.2% of population
urban: 0.7% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 0.8% of population (2015 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|0.15% (2013 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|77,500 (2013 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|400 (2013 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|22.7% (2014)
|Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
|1.1% (2006)
|Education expenditures:
|4.9% of GDP (2013)
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 17 years male: 17 years
female: 17 years (2014)
|Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
| total: 7.7% male: 8.3%
female: 7.1% (2014 est.)
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|Country name:
| conventional long form: Federal Republic of Germany
conventional short form: Germany
local long form: Bundesrepublik Deutschland
local short form: Deutschland
former: German Empire, German Republic, German Reich
etymology: the Gauls (Celts) of Western Europe may have referred to the newly arriving Germanic tribes who settled in neighboring areas east of the Rhine during the first centuries B.C. as "Germani," a term the Romans adopted as "Germania"; the native designation "Deutsch" comes from the Old High German "diutisc" meaning "of the people"
|Government type:
|federal parliamentary republic
| name: Berlin
geographic coordinates: 52 31 N, 13 24 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
|Administrative divisions:
|16 states (Laender, singular - Land); Baden-Wuerttemberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen (Hesse), Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony), Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate), Saarland, Sachsen (Saxony), Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony-Anhalt), Schleswig-Holstein, Thueringen (Thuringia); note - Bayern, Sachsen, and Thueringen refer to themselves as free states (Freistaaten, singular - Freistaat), while Hamburg prides itself on being a Free and Hanseatic City (Freie und Hansestadt)
| 18 January 1871 (establishment of the German Empire); divided into four zones of occupation (UK, US, USSR, and France) in 1945 following World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West Germany) proclaimed on 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) proclaimed on 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone; West Germany and East Germany unified on 3 October 1990; all four powers formally relinquished rights on 15 March 1991;
notable earlier dates: 10 August 843 (Eastern Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire); 2 February 962 (crowning of OTTO I, recognized as the first Holy Roman Emperor)
|National holiday:
|Unity Day, 3 October (1990)
|history: previous 1919 (Weimar Constitution); latest drafted 10 to 23 August 1948, approved 12 May 1949, promulgated 23 May 1949, entered into force 24 May 1949 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage and enactment into law require two-thirds majority vote by both the Bundesrat (upper house) and the Bundestag (lower house) of Parliament; articles including those on basic human rights and freedoms cannot be amended; amended many times, last in 2012 (2016)
|Legal system:
|civil law system
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: President Joachim GAUCK (since 23 March 2012)
head of government: Chancellor Angela MERKEL (since 22 November 2005)
cabinet: Cabinet or Bundesminister (Federal Ministers) recommended by the chancellor, appointed by the president elections/appointments: president indirectly elected for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) by a Federal Convention consisting of the 630-member Federal Parliament (Bundestag) and 630 delegates indirectly elected by the state parliaments; election last held on 19 February 2012 (next to be held 12 February 2017); chancellor indirectly elected by absolute majority by the Federal Parliament for a 4-year term; Federal Parliament vote for chancellor last held on 17 December 2013 (next to be held following the general election, no later than autumn 2017)
election results: Joachim GAUCK elected president; Federal Convention vote count - Joachim GAUCK (independent) 991, Beate KLARSFELD (independent) 126, Olaf ROSE (National People's Union) 3; Angela MERKEL (CDU) reelected chancellor; Federal Parliament vote - 462 for, 150 against, 49 abstentions
|Legislative branch:
| description: bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Federal Council or Bundesrat (69 seats; members appointed by each of the 16 state governments or landtags) and the Federal Diet or Bundestag (631 seats - total seats can vary each electoral term; approximately one-half of members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and approximately one-half directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)
elections: Bundestag - last held on 22 September 2013 (next to be held no later than autumn 2017); most all postwar German governments have been coalitions; note - there are no elections for the Bundesrat; composition is determined by the composition of the state-level governments; the composition of the Bundesrat has the potential to change any time one of the 16 states holds an election
election results: Bundestag - percent of vote by party - CDU/CSU 41.5%, SPD 25.7%, Left 8.6%, Greens 8.4%, FDP 4.8%, other 10.9%; seats by party - CDU/CSU 311, SPD 193, Left 64, Greens 63
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Federal Court of Justice (court consists of 127 judges including the court president, vice-presidents, presiding judges, and other judges, and organized into 25 Senates subdivided into 12 civil panels, 5 criminal panels, and 8 special panels; Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht (consists of 2 Senates each subdivided into 3 chambers, each with a chairman and 8 members) judge selection and term of office: Federal Court of Justice judges selected by the Judges Election Committee, which consists of the Secretaries of Justice from each of the 16 federated States and 16 members appointed by the Federal Parliament; judges appointed by the president of Germany; judges serve until mandatory retirement at age 65; Federal Constitutional Court judges - one-half elected by the House of Representatives and one-half by the Senate; judges appointed for 12-year terms with mandatory retirement at age 68
subordinate courts: Federal Administrative Court; Federal Finance Court; Federal Labor Court; Federal Social Court; each of the 16 German states or Land has its own constitutional court and a hierarchy of ordinary (civil, criminal, family) and specialized (administrative, finance, labor, social) courts
|Political parties and leaders:
|Alliance '90/Greens [Cem OEZDEMIR and Simone PETER] Alternative for Germany or AfD [Frauke PETRY and Joerg MEUTHEN] Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Angela MERKEL] Christian Social Union or CSU [Horst SEEHOFER] Free Democratic Party or FDP [Christian LINDNER] Left Party or Die Linke [Katja KIPPING and Bernd RIEXINGER] Social Democratic Party or SPD [Sigmar GABRIEL]
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|other: business associations and employers' organizations trade unions; religious, immigrant, expellee, and veterans groups
|International organization participation:
|ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CD, CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
|National symbol(s):
|golden eagle; national colors: black, red, yellow
|National anthem:
| name: "Das Lied der Deutschen" (Song of the Germans)
lyrics/music: August Heinrich HOFFMANN VON FALLERSLEBEN/Franz Joseph HAYDN
note: adopted 1922; the anthem, also known as "Deutschlandlied" (Song of Germany), was originally adopted for its connection to the March 1848 liberal revolution; following appropriation by the Nazis of the first verse, specifically the phrase, "Deutschland, Deutschland ueber alles" (Germany, Germany above all) to promote nationalism, it was banned after 1945; in 1952, its third verse was adopted by West Germany as its national anthem; in 1990, it became the national anthem for the reunited Germany
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Hans Peter WITTIG (since 21 May 2014)
chancery: 4645 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007
telephone: [1] (202) 298-4000
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador John B. EMERSON (since 26 August 2013)
embassy: Pariser Platz 2
mailing address: Clayallee 170, 14191 Berlin
telephone: [49] (30) 8305-0
consulate(s) general: Duesseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich
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The German economy - the fifth largest economy in the world in PPP terms and Europe's largest - is a leading exporter of machinery, vehicles, chemicals, and household equipment and benefits from a highly skilled labor force. Like its Western European neighbors, Germany faces significant demographic challenges to sustained long-term growth. Low fertility rates and a large increase in net immigration are increasing pressure on the country's social welfare system and necessitate structural reforms. Reforms launched by the government of Chancellor Gerhard SCHROEDER (1998-2005), deemed necessary to address chronically high unemployment and low average growth, contributed to strong growth and falling unemployment. These advances, as well as a government subsidized, reduced working hour scheme, help explain the relatively modest increase in unemployment during the 2008-09 recession - the deepest since World War II. The new German Government introduced a minimum wage of about $11.60 (8.50 euros) per hour that took effect in 2015. Stimulus and stabilization efforts initiated in 2008 and 2009 and tax cuts introduced in Chancellor Angela MERKEL's second term increased Germany's total budget deficit - including federal, state, and municipal - to 4.1% in 2010, but slower spending and higher tax revenues reduced the deficit to 0.8% in 2011 and in 2015 Germany reached a budget surplus of 0.9%. A constitutional amendment approved in 2009 limits the federal government to structural deficits of no more than 0.35% of GDP per annum as of 2016, though the target was already reached in 2012. The German economy suffers from low levels of investment, and a government plan to invest 15 billion euros during 2016-18, largely in infrastructure, is intended to spur needed private investment. Following the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, Chancellor Angela MERKEL announced in May 2011 that eight of the country's 17 nuclear reactors would be shut down immediately and the remaining plants would close by 2022. Germany plans to replace nuclear power largely with renewable energy, which accounted for 27.8% of gross electricity consumption in 2014, up from 9% in 2000. Before the shutdown of the eight reactors, Germany relied on nuclear power for 23% of its electricity generating capacity and 46% of its base-load electricity production. Domestic consumption, bolstered by low energy prices and a weak euro, are likely to drive German GDP growth again in 2016.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $3.979 trillion (2016 est.) $3.911 trillion (2015 est.) $3.854 trillion (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $3.495 trillion (2015 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|1.7% (2016 est.) 1.5% (2015 est.) 1.6% (2014 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $48,200 (2016 est.) $47,600 (2015 est.) $47,500 (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
|Gross national saving:
|27.9% of GDP (2016 est.) 27.7% of GDP (2015 est.) 27% of GDP (2014 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 53.7%
government consumption: 19.5%
investment in fixed capital: 20.1%
investment in inventories: -1%
exports of goods and services: 45.7%
imports of goods and services: -38% (2016 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 53.7%
government consumption: 19.5%
investment in fixed capital: 20.1%
investment in inventories: -1%
exports of goods and services: 45.7%
imports of goods and services: -38% (2016 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, cabbages; milk products; cattle, pigs, poultry
|among the world's largest and most technologically advanced producers of iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, automobiles, food and beverages, shipbuilding, textiles
|Industrial production growth rate:
|1.5% (2016 est.)
|Labor force:
|45.3 million (2016 est.)
|Labor force - by occupation:
| agriculture: 1.6%
industry: 24.6%
services: 73.8% (2011)
|Unemployment rate:
|4.3% (2016 est.) 4.6% (2015 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|15.5% (2010 est.)
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 24% (2000)
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|27 (2006) 30 (1994)
| revenues: $1.507 trillion
expenditures: $1.484 trillion (2016 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|43.1% of GDP (2016 est.)
|Public debt:
| 69% of GDP (2016 est.) 71.2% of GDP (2015 est.)
note: general government gross debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and
|Fiscal year:
|calendar year
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.4% (2016 est.) 0.1% (2015 est.)
|Current account balance:
|$301.4 billion (2016 est.) $284.2 billion (2015 est.)
|$1.283 trillion (2016 est.) $1.309 trillion (2015 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|motor vehicles, machinery, chemicals, computer and electronic products, electrical equipment, pharmaceuticals, metals, transport equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, rubber and plastic products
|Exports - partners:
|US 9.6%, France 8.6%, UK 7.5%, Netherlands 6.6%, China 6%, Italy 4.9%, Austria 4.8%, Poland 4.4%, Switzerland 4.2% (2015)
|$987.6 billion (2016 est.) $1.017 trillion (2015 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|machinery, data processing equipment, vehicles, chemicals, oil and gas, metals, electric equipment, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, agricultural products
|Imports - partners:
|Netherlands 13.7%, France 7.6%, China 7.3%, Belgium 6%, Italy 5.2%, Poland 5%, US 4.7%, Czech Republic 4.5%, UK 4.2%, Austria 4.2%, Switzerland 4.2% (2015)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$173.7 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $173.7 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$5.326 trillion (31 March 2016 est.) $5.21 trillion (31 March 2015 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|$1.416 trillion (31 December 2016 est.) $1.36 trillion (31 December 2015 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|$2.08 trillion (31 December 2016 est.) $1.972 trillion (31 December 2015 est.)
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|$1.716 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) $1.739 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) $1.936 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
|Exchange rates:
|euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.9214 (2016 est.) 0.885 (2015 est.) 0.885 (2014 est.) 0.7634 (2013 est.) 0.7752 (2012 est.)
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|Electricity - production:
|591 billion kWh (2014 est.)
|Electricity - consumption:
|533 billion kWh (2014 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|74 billion kWh (2014 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|40 billion kWh (2014 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|198 million kW (2014 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|45.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|6.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|2.5% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|41.2% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|48,060 bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Crude oil - exports:
|6,569 bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Crude oil - imports:
|1.844 million bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|100 million bbl (1 January 2016 es)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|2.175 million bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|2.372 million bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|462,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|785,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|9.469 billion cu m (2014 est.)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|79.21 billion cu m (2014 est.)
|Natural gas - exports:
|22.27 billion cu m (2014 est.)
|Natural gas - imports:
|89.89 billion cu m (2014 est.)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|47.4 billion cu m (1 January 2016 es)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|805 million Mt (2013 est.)
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|Cellular Phones in use:
|total: 96.36 million subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119 (July 2015 est.)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: one of the world's most technologically advanced telecommunications systems; as a result of intensive capital expenditures since reunification, the formerly backward system of the eastern part of the country, dating back to World War II, has been moderniz
domestic: extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, and a domestic satellite system; cellular telephone service is widely available, expanding rapidly, and includes roa
international: country code - 49; Germany's international service is excellent worldwide, consisting of extensive land and undersea cable facilities as well as earth stations in the Inmarsat, Intelsat, Eutelsat, and Intersputnik satellite systems (2015)
|Broadcast media:
|a mixture of publicly operated and privately owned TV and radio stations; national and regional public broadcasters compete with nearly 400 privately owned national and regional TV stations; more than 90% of households have cable or satellite TV; hundreds (2008)
|Internet country code:
|Internet users:
|total: 70.82 million percent of population: 87.6% (July 2015 est.)
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|539 (2013)
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 318
over 3,047 m: 14
2,438 to 3,047 m: 49
1,524 to 2,437 m: 60
914 to 1,523 m: 70
under 914 m: 125 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 221
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 35
under 914 m: 185 (2013)
|23 (2013)
|condensate 37 km; gas 26,985 km; oil 2,826 km; refined products 4,479 km; water 8 km (2013)
| total: 43,468.3 km standard gauge: 43,209.3 km 1.435-m gauge (19,973 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 220 km 1.000-m gauge (79 km electrified); 15 km 0.900-m gauge; 24 km 0.750-m gauge (2014)
| total 645,000 km
paved: 645,000 km (includes 12,800 km of expressways)
note: includes local roads (2010)
|7,467 km (Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North Sea and Black Sea) (2012)
|Merchant marine:
| total 427
by type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 6, cargo 51, carrier 1, chemical tanker 15, container 298, liquefied gas 6, passenger 4, passenger/cargo 24, petroleum tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 6, vehicle carrier 1
foreign-owned: 6 (Finland 3, Netherlands 1, Switzerland 2)
registered in other countries: 3,420 (Antigua and Barbuda 1094, Australia 2, Bahamas 30, Bermuda 14, Brazil 6, Bulgaria 12, Burma 1, Cayman Islands 3, Cook Islands 1, Curacao 25, Cyprus 192, Denmark 9, Dominica 5, Estonia 1, France 1, Gibraltar 123, Hong Kong 10, Isle of Man 56, Jamaica 10, (2010)
|Ports and terminals:
| major seaport(s): Baltic Sea - Rostock; North Sea - Wilhelmshaven
river port(s): Bremen (Weser); Bremerhaven (Geeste); Duisburg, Karlsruhe, Neuss-Dusseldorf (Rhine); Brunsbuttel, Hamburg (Elbe); Lubeck (Wakenitz) oil terminal(s): Brunsbuttel Canal terminals
container port(s): Bremen/Bremerhaven (5,915,487), Hamburg (9,014,165) (2011) LNG terminal(s) (import): Hamburg
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|Military branches:
|Federal Armed Forces (Bundeswehr): Army (Heer), Navy (Deutsche Marine, includes naval air arm), Air Force (Luftwaffe), Joint Support Services (Streitkraeftebasis, SKB), Central Medical Service (Zentraler Sanitaetsdienst, ZSanDstBw) (2013)
|Military service age and obligation:
|17-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription ended 1 July 2011; service obligation 8-23 months or 12 years; women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 (2013)
|Military expenditures:
|1.18% of GDP (2015) 1.35% of GDP (2012) 1.34% of GDP (2011) 1.35% of GDP (2010)
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|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|Refugees and internally displaced persons:
| refugees (country of origin): 115,604 (Syria); 51,396 (Iraq); 30,026 (Afghanistan); 20,281 (Turkey); 19,763 (Iran); 10,980 (Eritrea); 9,157 (Serbia and Kosovo) (2015)
stateless persons: 12,569 (2015)
|Illicit drugs:
|source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors; transshipment point for and consumer of Southwest Asian heroin, Latin American cocaine, and European-produced synthetic drugs; major financial center
|^Back to Top
« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview
Source: CIA - The World Factbook


text:
Contact & General InformationAmerican Indian College Fund
8333 Greenwood Blvd
Denver, CO 80221
Tax Status: 501(c)3
Other Names
Is this rating different than what you expected based on what the charity reports about itself or what other raters report about this charity? Read about what makes CharityWatch's independent ratings different from other sources of information.
Calculated Total Expenses (rounded) : $24,000,000
A charity's Program % is the percentage of its cash budget it spends on Programs relative to Overhead (Fundraising and Management & General Expenses)
Government FundingCharityWatch calculates the percentage of a charity's cash revenue received from government sources for informational purposes for those donors who would like to factor a charity's range of government funding into their giving decisions. Donors should keep in mind that funding from the government does not automatically signal that a charity is well-governed and/or more efficient than other charities.
For the reporting year rated by CharityWatch, this charity received cash grants/contributions from government sources within a range of:
0% to 24%
Financial DocumentsAmerican Indian College Fund's rating is based on CharityWatch's in-depth analysis of the following documents for the fiscal year represented:
|Document Type
|Tax Id #
|American Indian College Fund
|IRS Form 990
|American Indian College Fund
|Audited Financial Statements
See the CRITERIA to learn why CharityWatch analyzes multiple documents before computing a charity's rating.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Windows RT has had a rough year. It launched alongside Windows 8 late last October, but hasn't exactly fared well in both sales and reception. It's been tough to sell to consumers with the Surface RT being considered a flop by many and other OEMs not doing any better. Asus is now joining the growing list of OEMs who aren't going to be working on Windows RT in the near future.
Another blow to Microsoft and their plans with ARM processors. Windows RT is reportedly not being considered in any future products from Asus. The CEO of Asus, Jerry Shen, confirmed today that they will no longer product tablets running Windows RT. Here's what he had to say in an earnings call:
"It's not only our opinion; the industry sentiment is also that Windows RT has not been successful."
There you have it. It seems at this rate the only new Windows RT device you'll be likely getting in the future is the Surface RT from Microsoft or Lenovo.
What do you guys think of Windows RTs future with OEMs like Asus and Acer stating no plans to build further devices?
Source: ComputerWorld


text:
Matte and bright display, Full HD with high contrast ratio
Slim elegant chassis, Extremely portable, Good overall performance
Powerful gaming laptop surprisingly thin and light
Haswell processor, powerful Nvidia graphics, bright, high-quality screen
Attractive stealth fighter design, Excellent keyboard
Good performance, Dedicated graphics
With impressive performance, solid quality, and a reasonable price tag, the G750 is the top choice for hardcore gamers lacking a hardcore budget.
Sexy design, Very quiet, Excellent overall performance
Very Good 3D performance, Quad Core Haswell processor
Sexy redesigned chassis, Customizable lighting
Great design and lighting system
Very bright, clear image with great viewing angles
Gaming on the go
Sexy lightweight chassis, Extremely portable
Sleek, attractive design
Excellent Build Quality
Class-leading performance, Multimedia-oriented features
Big storage capacity, attractive case, backlit keyboard
Loud quad-array speakers, Very good graphics performance
Attractive multimedia laptop with impressive audio and video capabilities
Gorgeous 1080p display, Powerful performance, Impressive audio
High-end components deliver impressive performance
Intel Haswell CPU, new Nvidia graphics, a combo SSD/HDD drive
Comfortable, backlit keyboard, Beautiful 1080p display
small, fast and in a league of its own
Not a Retina MacBook Air, but awfully close
Eye-pamperingly gorgeous Retina display
While the new Pro with Retina isn't a huge leap forward from its predecessor in anything except battery life, its generous price drop offers good value and makes ultrabook alternatives look over-priced.
Several configuration options for more features, Quick charging battery
Good input devices, Very bright display, Fast SSD
Handsome durable chassis, Full 1080p display
Gaming ultrabook with slim portable design
Lightweight design, Good gaming performance
Sleek and appealing design, Sturdy and well-built chassis
Gorgeous design, Bright vibrant touch screen
Unique Casing, Strong Performance
A Buggy But Beautiful Laptop
ReviewGist helps you find the best products to buy by making sense of online reviews.
We are currently aggregating 376,500 reviews
covering over 29,474 products.
© 2019 ReviewGist.com. All Rights Reserved.


text:
I saw that commercial again. It's for some kind of chocolate thing. Maybe Dove Bars? Anyhow, two women are sitting on lounge chairs talking about how delicious the thing is and one of them says, "It's like Zen wrapped in Karma dipped in chocolate." Which I'm sure is an apt description.
I'm here at my grandma's house while grandma recuperates from a broken hip and my dad's at some trade show in downtown Cincinnati so I have to deal with my mom who is severely disabled. I've ended up doing all the things she used to do for me, feeding her, watering her, carrying her from place to place. I haven't burped her, but I'm sure that's coming. While doing all this I was thinking about one of the ideas in Buddhism that just doesn't get enough press. We're all worried about solving stupid koans and having Enlightenment experiences, finding ourselves, and all that nonsense. But one of the most important aspects of Buddhist philosophy is that we do not live our lives just for ourselves. We exist for the people and things we encounter as much as we exist for ourselves.
This is why Buddhism is not solipsism, though far too many people think it might be. Solipsists believe only in their own existence. You sometimes see people saying that Buddhism is the belief that the whole Universe is our own creation. This is true. But it is also the belief that we are the creation of the whole Universe. You are God and God is the guy who has to pick up all the dog shit on the lawn. The real value of your life is the service you render to the Universe. It doesn't need to be big service either because the universe can be a very tiny place sometimes. Maybe Jesus died for us, I don't know. But I do know that it is our duty to give our own lives over to the Universe. We'll work ourselves to the bone just to do what's required and then, when we can't do no more, the Universe gets rid of us. And that is the best thing there could ever be.
We miss out on how good this is because we want to have things the other way around. We want to take as much as we can, amass power, wealth, fame, social position. We want to suck the whole Universe into ourselves and carry it around in our bloated bellies, giving back a little only if it will get us more than we give. In doing so we experience misery upon misery. But when you give back without hope of receiving anything in return, the reward is immeasurable. Following the rule of the Universe is the best life a person can live.
Your duties to parents, friends, acquaintances, even enemies is your karma. So wrap your karma in some Zen and dip it in chocolate then feed it to someone who needs it.


text:
Preventing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Reducing Your Risk
Carpal tunnel syndrome is most often caused by activity associated with repetitive hand motion on the job. Those most at risk, such as keyboard operators, factory workers, typists, musicians, barbers, and bus drivers, can do much to prevent development of carpal tunnel syndrome. Ergonomic specialists can help you set up your workplace to be as comfortable and efficient as possible.
Lifestyle Changes
You may reduce your chances of getting carpal tunnel syndrome by taking these steps:
- Minimize repetitive hand movements when possible.
- Alternate between activities or tasks to reduce the strain on your body.
- When using your wrists, keep them straight and let your arms and shoulders share the stress.
- Use your whole hand or both hands to pick up an item.
- Avoid holding an object the same way for a long time.
- If you work in an office, adjust your desk, chair, and keyboard so you are in the best possible position:
- Back straight
- Feet flat on the floor or resting on a footrest
- Knees level with or slightly lower than your hips
- Shoulders in a neutral position, not forward or back
- Elbows bent at a 90 degree angle
- Forearms parallel to the floor and wrists straight
- Take breaks at least once an hour to:
- Rest or shake your hands.
- Massage the palms and backs of your hands.
- Do a few stretches and loosening movements of the shoulders and arms before settling in to work. Do them often during the day.
- Keep hands warm, with gloves if necessary.
- Get regular aerobic exercise such as walking or swimming.
- Cut down on caffeine and smoking, which may reduce blood flow to your hands.
According to a report published by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, a simple warm-up routine may greatly reduce the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome.
The warm-up routine is as follows: * Hold your hands in front of you as if pushing on a wall. Count to five. * Relax your wrists and fingers. * Make tight fists with both hands. * Bend both fists downward. Count to five. * Repeat each step ten times. * Then shake arms loosely while hanging at your side.
Sleeping Position
A simple change in how your wrists are positioned during sleep may reduce your risk of getting carpal tunnel syndrome. Sleep with your wrists cocked upward instead of bent downward to minimize pressure in the carpal tunnel.
American Academy of Family Physicians website. Available at:
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons website. Available at:
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research website. Available at:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration website. Available at:


text:
With state surplus less than forecast, tax rebates are off
Hartford — The state's projected $505 million surplus for this year is now estimated to be several hundreds of millions of dollars less than expected.
This means taxpayers will no longer receive tax rebates of $55 to $110 and the state will not make an additional $100 million contribution to employee pension funds.
The budget proposals for the fiscal year that begins July 1 are going to be tweaked over the next eight days because both the Appropriations Committee's and the Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee's proposals relied on the $505 million surplus and increasing revenue returns to help fund the 2014-15 budget.
"It's clear that we are going to have enough money to do our priorities, which is additional funding in education and additional funding for job creation," said Gov. Dannel P. Malloy. "What we are not going to be able to do is everything that we wanted to do."
On Monday, the governor's budget chief, Benjamin Barnes, said in a letter to the General Assembly that the budget surplus was lower than anticipated because less in capital gains were claimed in calendar year 2013 than initially assumed. But House Minority Leader Larry Cafero, R-Norwalk, said the low tax returns are because the economy is not doing well.
"What does that indicate to me?" Cafero said. "The economy is not near as good as everyone predicted it would be good — based on many of the policies that have been put forth by this governor, this administration and the Democratic majority."
A couple of Malloy's gubernatorial competitors also weighed in on the surplus reduction.
"Priority number one for Dan Malloy when he was elected in 2010 was to lead Connecticut out of the Great Recession," gubernatorial candidate and Danbury Mayor Mark Boughton said in a press release. "After four years of trying, Dan Malloy has clearly failed at the task."
Gubernatorial candidate and Greenwich businessman Tom Foley called the reduced surplus an example of "Malloy Math."
"Even with phony accounting including revenues brought forward from last year, overestimating capital gains revenues, and excluding many expenses, the governor couldn't get to a fictional election year surplus," Foley said.
Earlier this year, the nonpartisan Office of Fiscal Analysis and the governor's budget office projected a $505 million budget surplus and Malloy proposed contributing $250 million to the state's Rainy Day Fund, $100 million to the state employee pension fund and $155 million to taxpayers in the form of a rebate. Barnes said any surplus this year would be deposited into the Rainy Day Fund.
The rebate would have been a $55 check to single filers and a $110 check to joint filers. Republicans have frequently called the $55 rebate an election year gimmick that wouldn't even fill up someone's gas tank. Cafero said he believed the governor eliminated the tax rebate because he had to.
"It was the most unpopular election year gimmick," Cafero said.
Malloy defended his rebate proposal and said, "It wasn't a gimmick. I happen to firmly believe and still believe when we have lots of money come in, well in excess of what we otherwise predict, that that should be shared with taxpayers. Let's be very clear my position is not different — circumstances are different."
Barnes said that the tax revenues were hundreds of millions of dollars less than expected because of the expiration of the federal tax cuts, named after George W. Bush, on Jan. 1, 2013. In 2012, many investors sold their securities in order to have their capital gains taxed at the lower rate, he said. In 2013 the state was able to collect more tax revenue than anticipated because of the high volume of claimed capital gains, which are part of Connecticut's income tax.
But in 2013 investors were charged a higher federal tax for realizing capital gains, which could have deterred investors from selling securities.
Connecticut was not the only state affected by the tax cut expiration.
"A survey of preliminary data from states with similar tax structures and high net worth taxpayers shows that final payments in April are down between 10 and 30 percent," Barnes said.
Cafero called this reasoning "baloney."
"How in God's name can a $55 tax rebate plan have something to do with George Bush?" Cafero said. "It is beyond my comprehension. You screwed up, take it on the chin and move on."
The reason there is less revenue from capital gains this year could be that investors often sell securities when the stock market peaks and then drops, Cafero said.
"The stock market didn't drop; it maintained in 2013," Cafero said. "It maintained at a high level so there was no reason for people to cash in capital gains."
Legislators also planned some additional ways to spend this year's surplus.
The Appropriations Committee was going to spend $51 million of the surplus to pay for retired state employee health care expenses and the Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee was going to spend $500,000 of the surplus on a comprehensive tax study and $12.7 million on payments to municipalities that were never paid last year. The finance committee had also allocated $3.5 million of the surplus for the state-run television program called CT-N Connecticut Network, which had requested funds to upgrade equipment and increase staff.
Besides having to deal with the reduced budget surplus this year, the legislature and Malloy administration will have to figure out by May 7 which programs will receive less funding or how to obtain new revenues in order to balance next year's budget.
"This will require some significant changes to our plans and expectations," Barnes said.
Senate President Pro Tempore Donald Williams, D-Brooklyn, urged lawmakers to complete a fair and balanced budget on time.
OFA has not released official revenue figures and Malloy's administration would not provide precise figures on Monday. But OFA and Malloy's budget office are expected to release consensus revenue projections on Wednesday.
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text:
7' 3 x 10' 6 Heriz Persian Rug
This rug is currently unavailable.
Authentic Persian Rug
40-50 Years (Semi Antique)
Hand Knotted
Design: Heriz Collection
Pile Material: Hand Knotted of 100% Natural Wool
100 knots per square inch
Has fringe.
Colors include: Red, Blue, Burgundy, Ivory, Navy Blue, Olive, Tan, Pink. The primary color is Red.
Pile Height: 1/2"
In Very Good condition, with minor blemishes (Low Pile). Further details can be seen in the pictures
Size FT: 7' 3" x 10' 6"
Size CM: 221 cm x 320 cm
All of our hand-knotted rugs are professionally washed and treated. All rugs are individually inspected before leaving our warehouse.
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Today's rug is this beautiful rug valued at !


text:
One of my favorite resources for North Carolina research is the Guide to County Records in the North Carolina State Archives published by the North Carolina Office of Archives and History. The current edition was published in 2009 and constitutes a major update to the previous edition.
After a short introduction, the Guide goes on to describe both original records, bound and loose, and microfilmed records held at the Archives for each of North Carolina's 100 existing and four defunct counties. The whole is rounded off by a Glossary where one can find short explanations for the various terms used.
While the Guide does not include original records maintained by county or other agencies (like historical societies), it does list a large portion of the official county records most used by genealogists. These are very detailed lists. For each county, original records are listed first, then microfilmed records. Each of these sections is divided into record types, arranged alphabetically: Bonds, Court Records, Election Records, Estates Records, and so forth, and each of these is further subdivided, where necessary. The subsection for Court Records, for instance, is divided into County Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions, Inferior Court, Justice's Court, and Superior Court, among others, where records for these courts exist. The records are then listed under each heading or subheading alphabetically by title. After the title, each entry includes the range of years covered, and the type and number of records available.
As an example of how useful this resource can be: I've run across a few criminal cases recorded in the court minutes for Macon County that interest me. One is a murder case, State v. Alsey, a slave. The court minutes of this case did not include the victim's name or the name of Alsey's owner. Are there loose court records or other bound volumes available that would be useful in investigating this case further?
The entry for Macon County can be found on pages 201 – 204 of the Guide. Microfilmed records for this county are fairly scant: Minutes from the County Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions, 1829 – 1868; Plaintiff and Defendant indexes to Judgments, 1938 – 1966, Superior Court; Minutes of the Superior Court, 1869 – 1963; and a Cross Index to Minutes of the Superior Court, 1869 – 1963.
Only one of the reels of microfilm named covers the years during which this murder case was tried. I've already exhausted that resource, so I flip back over to the original records section for Macon County to see what court records the Archives might hold. There are a couple of interesting items, including various dockets (covering a wide range of years) and Criminal Action Papers covering the years 1743 – 1971,1 the latter housed in 24 Fibredex boxes. I'm particularly interested in the Criminal Action Papers, since these are loose papers related to criminal cases.
Now I know that there are records that might contain the information I'm looking for. What next? Since these are original, unmicrofilmed records, it means I'll have to travel to Raleigh to visit the Archives or hire a professional researcher to access these records for me. Still, at least now I know there's a possibility for further research into both of these court cases, and I can plan my time and resources accordingly.
The Guide to County Records in the North Carolina State Archives is available for purchase through the North Carolina Genealogical Society. It is a must have for anyone researching their Tarheel ancestors.
* * * * *
1. The first date may be a typographical error. Macon County wasn't formed until 1828.


text:
product description page
34"x23" Fancy Nancy Friends Unframed Wall Poster Print - Trends International
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From the manufacturerNo information loaded.
Prices, promotions, styles and availability may vary by store & online. See our price match guarantee. See how a store is chosen for you.


text:
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text:
To kick off 2009, we put together a quiz based on citizen questions and some crime/quality-of-life problems we encounter regularly in Jeffco. We invite you to take the quiz and see if you know the best way to handle the following scenarios.
Q: You want to teach your young child to stay away from adults who could harm him or her. What's a good phrase to help them remember?
a. "Trust no one"
b. "Say no to strangers"
c. "Check first before you go anywhere with anyone"
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Canyon Courier, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
|ZIP Code:


text:
Baisley Park Community Library, located at 117-11 Sutphin Boulevard in Jamaica, will close on Friday, March 15 at 6pm for an emergency project to replace the building's air-conditioning system.
We expect Baisley Park to reopen in Summer 2019.
Mobile library service will be provided on Fridays from 10am to ...
Free computer access is available at all the libraries.
The Baisley Park Community Library has:
International Language Collections at the Baisley Park Community Library include:
Special Interest/Noteworthy Collections at the Baisley Park Community Library include:
| Community Board
Community Organizations & Services
Fire Department
Local Hospitals
Local Newspapers
| Parks and Playgrounds
Police Department
Post Office
Public Elementary Schools
Public High Schools
| Elected Officials
Special Services
|Community Board
Queens Community Board District # 12
90-28 161st Street
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718)658-3308
fax: (718)739-6997
|Community Organizations & Services
Afro-American Parents #2
112-06 Sutphin Blvd.
Jamaica NY , 11435
phone: (718) 322-9080
Afro-American Parents #1
117-16 Stuphin Blvd.
Jamaica NY , 11434
phone: (718) 322-2030
Quick Start Head Start
126-22 150 Street
S. Ozone Park NY , 11434
phone: (718)659-6928
|Fire Department
Engine 302 Ladder 155
143-15 Rockaway Blvd.
|Local Hospitals
Cath Medical Center Brooklyn
8825 153rd Street
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718)558-6900
Queens Hospital Center
82-68 164th street
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718) 558-2000
Mary Immaculate Hospital
15211 89 Ave.
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718)558-2000
Long Island Jewish Medical Center
Merrick Blvd.
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718)291-5400
|Local Newspapers
38-15 Bell Blvd
Bayside NY, 11361
phone: (718) 224-5863
Press of Southeast Queens
150-50 14th Road
Whitestone NY, 11357
phone: (718) 357-7400
fax: (718) 357-9417
Laurelton Times Timesledger Newspapers
41-02 Bell Blvd 2 fl
Bayside NY, 11361
phone: (718) 229-0300
Queens Chronicle
62-33 Woodhaven Blvd
Rego Park NY, 11374
phone: (718) 205-8000
fax: (718) 205-0150
|Parks and Playgrounds
Baisley Pond Park
Foch, Rockaway Boulevard
Dr. Charles Drew Memorial Park
Van Wyck, 116 Avenue, 140 Street,115 Avenue
Van Wyck Playground
Van Wyck Exwy, Rockaway Boulevard, 140 Street,
|Police Department
113th Precinct
167-02 Baisley Blvd.
Jamaica NY , 11434
phone: (718) 712-7733
|Post Office
Rochdale Village Post Office
165100 Baisley Boulevard
Jamaica NY , 11434
phone: (718) 723-1726
|Public Elementary Schools
PS 45 - The Clarence E. Witherspoon (K-5)
126-28 150th Street
South Ozone Park NY , 11436
phone: (718) 529-1885
PS 223 - Lyndon B. Johnson School (PK-K-6)
125-20 Sutphin Blvd
Jamaica NY , 11436
phone: (718) 322-9012
145-01 119 Avenue
South Ozone Park NY , 11435
phone: (718) 529-4300
P.S. 160 -Walter F. Bishop School
109-59 Inwood Street
Jamaica NY , 11435
phone: (718) 526-8196
|Public High Schools
August Martin High School (8-12)
156-10 Baisley Boulevard
Jamaica NY , 11434
phone: (718) 528-2920
Q752 - Queens School for Career Development
142-10 Linden Blvd
Jamaica NY , 11436
phone: (718) 322-3580
|Elected Officials
|NYC Council
Hon. Adrienne E. Adams
District Office Address 165-90 Baisley Boulevard, Store # 5
Jamaica NY, 11434
phone: 718-206-2068
Manhattan Office Address 250 Broadway, Suite 1877
New York NY , 10007
phone: (212) 788-6850
fax: (212) 442-2729
|NYS Assembly
Hon. Vivian E. Cook
District Office 142-15 Rockaway Blvd
Jamaica NY , 11436
phone: (718) 322-3975
fax: (718) 322-4085
Albany Office LOB, Room 939
Albany NY , 12248
phone: (518) 455-4203
fax: (518) 455-3606
|NYS Senate
Hon. James Sanders, Jr.
District Office Address 142-01 Rockaway Boulevard
South Ozone Park NY , 11436
phone: (718) 523-3069
fax: (718) 523-3670
Albany Office Room 711, Legislative Office Building
Albany NY , 12247
phone: 518-455-3531
fax: 518-426-0529
|US Congress
Hon. Gregory W. Meeks
District Office 153-01 Jamaica Avenue, Suite 204
Jamaica NY , 11432
phone: (718) 725-6000
fax: (718) 725-9868
Legislative Office 2310 Rayburn House Office Building
Washington DC, 20515
phone: (202) 225-3461
fax: (202) 226-4169
|Boro President
Hon. Melinda Katz
Hon. Bill de Blasio
The Baisley Park area was originally in the territory through which the Rockaway Indians (who spoke the Algonquin language) passed on their way to Jamaica.
Sutphin Blvd and Rockaway Blvd at present are built on much of the old Indian trail. The community was named for early Queens resident David Baisley, who sold his pond (Baisley Pond) to a Brooklyn water supply company in 1857. In 1858, a large quantity of teeth belonging to the American Mastodon were found near the pond. There was speculation that a herd of Mastodons came down to Baisley Pond to drink and were trapped by a huge wall of ice.
At the beginning of the century, Baisley Park was still farmland. The modern suburban development of Baisley Park began about 1923. The area became settled with one-family frame homes; small business and shopping centers grew up on Sutphin Blvd in the heart of the development. Churches and schools were also established.
Baisley Pond was drained to provide deeper water for residents to go boating and ice skating, and a picturesque Baisley Park was built around the pond. In the past 50 years area residents and others have put great efforts in beautifying the area, improving housing, and fighting drugs.
Community library service began on July 17th 1930, when the Queens Library Book Bus, "The Pioneer", made its first regular stop in the neighborhood. The public response to this service was enthusiastic: in the first 6 months, 6000 books were circulated. In 1933, the Cherokee Democratic Club offered its club room for after-school children to wait for the book bus. Finally, in 1935, the Baisley Park station (as a sub-branch) was opened next to the park. It was designated as a branch in 1956.
According to the American Cancer Society, approximately one of two American men and one of three American women will have some type of cancer at some point during their lifetime. Queens Library HealthLink seeks to increase access to cancer screening and cancer treatment among medically underserved communities in Queens. Queens Library HealthLink is a partnership between Queens Library, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Queens Cancer Center of Queens Hospital and the American Cancer Society.
Cancer Action Council
The Baisley Park Cancer Action Council is a group of community leaders who discuss community health issues and make plans for action in Baisley Park. Contact (718) 990-5197 or (718) 529-1590


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- Red House Museum 1.25 miles away
- Smith Art Gallery 3.31 miles away
- Dewsbury Museum 3.65 miles away
Nearby Hospitals
- York House Surgery 1.28 miles away
- Kirkgate Surgery 1.92 miles away
- Birkenshaw Health Centre 2.17 miles away
- Sunnybank Medical Centre 2.49 miles away
- Dewsbury District Hospital 2.98 miles away


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Please enter information in the form below to process registration for event [MSOC] Apply Workplace Safety and Health in Metal Work (English) - 29 August 2019.
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- Health
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Chao-Wei Hwang, M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Languages: English, Chinese, Mandarin
Expertise: Acute Coronary Care, Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), Angina, Angioplasty, Atherosclerosis, Cardiac Catheterization, Cardiac Disease, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Disease in Women, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Interventions, Cardiovascular Medicine, Chest Pain, Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion, Chronic Total Occlusions, Circulatory Support Devices, Clinical Cardiology, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Artery Stenting, Dyslipidemia, Echocardiography, General Cardiology, Heart Attack, Heart Conditions, Heart Disease, Heart Disease Prevention and Treatment in Women, High Cholesterol, Hypertension, Interventional Cardiology, Invasive Cardiology, Ischemic Heart Disease, Laser Atherectomy, Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), Percutaneous Treatment of Valvular Stenosis, Pericardiocentesis, Peripheral Angiography, Premature Coronary Artery Disease, Right Heart Catheterization, Rotational Atherectomy, Stenting, Stress Testing, Stress-induced Cardiomyopathy, Trans-Radial Intervention, Transthoracic Echocardiogram, Treatment of Bypass Graft Disease with Distal Protection Devices, Valvular Heart Disease, Valvuloplasty for Valvular Stenosis ...read more
Research Interests: Active sensing drug delivery systems; Cell-based therapy for the heart and peripheral vasculature; Optimization of PCI and stent-based drug delivery using computational fluid dynamics; Pharmacologic Agents to Improve Outcome of PTCA and Stenting ...read more
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Dr. Chao-Wei Hwang joined the Cardiology Faculty in 2011 and practices Interventional Cardiology at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Howard County General Hospital and Frederick Memorial Hospital. His area of research interest is in the design and development of active sensing drug delivery systems and local delivery systems for cell-based therapies to the heart.
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Departments / Divisions
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medicine - Cardiology
- Medicine - Cardiovascular
Centers & Institutes
- MD, Harvard Medical School (2004)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital / Internal Medicine (2007)
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine / Cardiology (2011)
Board Certifications
- American Board of Internal Medicine / Cardiovascular Disease (2010)
- American Board of Internal Medicine / Internal Medicine (2009)
- American Board of Internal Medicine / Interventional Cardiology (2011)
Research & Publications
Selected Publications
1. Wan WK, Lovich MA, Hwang CW, Edelman ER. Measuring macromolecule distribution in vascular tissue using quantitative fluorescence microscopy. J Pharm Sci. 1999 Aug 2; 88(8):822-829.
2. Hwang CW, Wu D, Edelman ER. Stent-based delivery is associated with marked spatial variations in drug distribution. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Feb;37(2) Supp A:1-2A.
3. Hwang CW, Wu D, Edelman ER. Physiological transport forces govern drug distribution for stent-based delivery. Circulation. 2001 Jul 31; 104(5): 600-605.
4. Lovich MA, Creel C, Hong K, Hwang CW, Edelman ER. Carrier proteins determine local pharmacokinetics and arterial distribution of Paclitaxel. J Pharm Sci. 2001 Sep; 90(9): 1324-1335.
5. Hwang CW and Edelman ER. Arterial ultrastructure influences transport of locally delivered drugs. Circ Res. 2002 Apr 19; 90(7): 826-832.
6. Janicki C, Hwang CW, Edelman ER. Dose model for stent-based delivery of a radioactive compound for the treatment of restenosis in coronary arteries. Med Phys. 2003 Oct; 30(10): 2622-2628.
7. Hwang CW, Wu D, Edelman ER. Impact of transport and drug properties on the local pharmacology of drug-eluting stents. Int J Cardiovasc Intervent. 2003; 5(1): 7-12.
8. Levin AD, Vukmirovic N, Hwang CW, Edelman ER. Specific binding to intracellular proteins determines arterial transport properties for Rapamycin and Paclitaxel. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004 Jun 22; 101(25):9463-7.
9. Saxena V, Hwang CW, Huang S, Eichbaum Q, Ingber D, Orgill D. Vacuum-Assisted Closure: Microdeformations of wounds and cell proliferation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Oct; 114(5):1086-1096.
10. Hwang CW, Levin AD, Jonas M, Li PH, Edelman ER. Thrombosis modulates arterial drug distribution for drug-eluting stents. Circulation. 2005 Apr 5; 111(13): 1619-1626.
11. Levin AD, Jonas M, Hwang CW, Edelman ER. Local and systemic drug competition in drug-eluting stent tissue deposition properties. J Control Release. 2005 Dec 5; 109(1-3):236-43.
12. Hwang CW and Edelman ER. Principles of continuum pharmacokinetics in stent-based drug elution, in Handbook of Drug-Eluting Stents, Serruys PW and Gershlick AH, eds. London, United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis Press, 2005: 47-56.
13. Le KN, Hwang CW, Tzafriri AR, Lovich MA, Edelman ER. Local therapeutic angiogenesis is limited by microvascular clearance. Circulation. 2008 Oct 28; 118(18), S457, Abstract 3642.
14. Le KN, Hwang CW, Tzafriri AR, Lovich MA, Hayward A, Edelman ER. Vascular regeneration by local growth factor release is self-limited by microvascular clearance. Circulation. 2009 Jun 9; 119(22): 2928-2935.
15. Blumenthal RS, Hwang CW, Nasir K. Selective use of coronary artery calcium screening: Worth the cost? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Sep 29; 54(14): 1268-1270.
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Parma Eldalamberon 19
|Parma Eldalamberon, issue 19
|J.R.R. Tolkien; Christopher Gilson (ed.)
|Mythopoeic Society
|Novemer 15, 2010
Parma Eldalamberon 19: Quenya Phonology is an issue of the journal Parma Eldalamberon.
From the publisher
Parma Eldalamberon 'The Book of Elven-tongues' is a journal of the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship a special interest group of the Mythopoeic Society. The current issue presents previously unpublished writings by J. R. R. Tolkien concerning his Elvish languages. These have been edited and annotated by Christopher Gilson, under the guidance of Christopher Tolkien and with the permission of the Tolkien Estate.
The Comparative Tables are a series of charts laying out the regular correspondences among the sounds of the various languages Tolkien had invented by the late 1930s or conceived of as part of his history of the Elves, including Valarin, Quenya, Lindarin, Telerin, Noldorin, Ilkorin, Danian and Lemberin, as well as the Mannish language Taliskan. There are charts for word-initial and medial consonants and consonant groups, and for long vowels and diphthongs. These are accompanied by Tolkien's notes on the general phonetic characteristics of the historical development of the languages, and on their phonological types in terms of the "real" languages on which they were modelled.
The Outline of Phonetic Development is a detailed description of the historical changes that produced of the sounds of Quenya from the sounds of Primitive Eldarin, including the regular developments in word-initial and medial positions and the distinctive changes of sounds in contact. Phonetic variations among the historical dialects of Quenya are described, as well as those divergent developments occurring in the closely related languages of Lindarin, Telerin and Noldorin, and the influences of these on the dialects of Quenya. The text appears to be from the late 1930s or 1940s.
The Outline of Phonology is a revised and expanded version of this text, dating from the 1950s. It describes the phonology of Quenya as primarily the speech of the Noldor in Valinor; but it is similarly arranged, giving variations within the historical dialects of Quenya and divergent developments in the related Vanyarin and Telerin.


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Only hotels in 48121 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Dearborn, MI for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 48121 hotels and motels so you can review the Dearborn hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Wayne county and area code 313 are also listed.
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On behalf of the sixth annual "Feed the Need" fundraiser for ADFAC (Aid to Distressed Families of Appalachian Counties), I would like to express a huge "thank you" to all those individuals and businesses who helped make this event a great success and a wonderful opportunity to share ADFAC with all of you.
To the Editor:
On behalf of the sixth annual "Feed the Need" fundraiser for ADFAC (Aid to Distressed Families of Appalachian Counties), I would like to express a huge "thank you" to all those individuals and businesses who helped make this event a great success and a wonderful opportunity to share ADFAC with all of you.
ADFAC is a community-based United Way agency that addresses the diverse needs of low-income East Tennessee families. Serving more than 6,000 individuals each year, ADFAC's goal is to help local impoverished families become stable and self-sufficient through a variety of direct assistance and educational programs.
As with any fundraiser, sponsorship is critical for success; and, as such, we thank our sponsors UT Battelle, TnBank, SAIC, The Assurance Center of Oak Ridge, Downtown Hardware, Enrichment Federal Credit Union, Holman's, J&M's Butcher Shop, Mortgage Investors Group, and ORNL Federal Credit Union.
Certainly, excellent publicity is especially key to all events, so we are very grateful to our media sponsors who were all especially helpful in getting "Feed the Need Week" in front of the public. And a huge debt of thanks goes to SAIC for providing valuable in-kind printing support of the "Feed the Need" advertising materials.
During "Feed the Need," the following local restaurants donated a generous portion of their sales to support ADFAC and its work: The Apple Blossom Cafe (Clinton), Buddy's BBQ (Oak Ridge), Buddy's BBQ (ORNL cafeteria), Burchfield's (Oak Ridge), Dean's Restaurant & Bakery (Oak Ridge), El Cantarito (Oak Ridge), Hibachi/Time Out Deli (Oak Ridge), Hoskins (Clinton), Los Caballero's (Clinton), Mediterranean Delight (Oak Ridge), Nature's Marketplace (Oak Ridge), Oliver's (Oak Ridge), The Other One (Oak Ridge), Papa Murphy's (Oak Ridge), Rancho Viejo (Oak Ridge), Razzleberry's (Oak Ridge), Riverview Grill Seafood & BBQ (Clinton), Salsaritas (Oak Ridge), Snappy Tomato (Oak Ridge), The Soup Kitchen (Oak Ridge), and East TN Subway LLC (Clinton, Lake City, Oliver Springs and Oak Ridge).
The ADFAC Committee worked ever so diligently to make all the details come together for a successful fundraiser — Roxy Benning, Mireya Carnes, Mary Lou Daugherty, Sally Haywood, Brenda Hackworth, Peg McDonough, Carol Smallridge, Ray Smith and Linda Wetzel.
We also appreciate all the individuals who shared the list of participating restaurants with their friends and co-workers, churches and schools to encourage participation and support of this delicious event.
And a special thank you to the ADFAC staff who diligently help others every day — Executive Director Annie Cacheiro; Social Services Program's Liz Herbes, Dianne Kane, Doris Doherty and Betty Collins; Affordable Housing Program's Cindy Ross, Bronzie Harris, Connie Ball, Dot Robbins and Caroline Munyard; Finance Associate Cindy Gwane; and Development Director Jamie Olson.
Cande Seay
2012 'Feed the Need' Chairperson
Oak Ridge


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On whose authority do Nancy Cope's religious views have "no place in this debate" on same-sex marriage but Dr. Amesh Adalja's do?
I'm referring to Adalja's Jan. 21 letter to the editor.
The Creator of human life created people male and female. Is there any other explanation for this gender differentiation in evolution?
Without a joining-together sexually, there would be no humanity around to debate the issue. This joining-together of the sexes has been known historically as marriage in our culture and in our dictionaries — at least until recently.
Would somebody please explain why the same-sex people must call their joining-together "marriage"? Why not call that "specific type of contractual agreement between consenting adults" a civil union?


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Mimi's Rotisserie Style Sticky ChickenThere must be a hundred sticky chicken recipes on the internet for how to make a homemade rotisserie chicken, every one different from what I consider to be the original sticky chicken - Mimi's.
Several years back when I had a few extra mouths to feed and was working more than full time, I did the once a month freezer method of cooking. This sticky chicken was one of the most popular chicken recipes back then to make ahead and reserve the meat for casseroles. It's one of the carryovers I have held onto all these years, and that I still love today.
Even this original sticky chicken recipe has taken on a life of its own across the internet as often happens, but it is rarely credited to the original creator of it, Mimi Hiller, who came up with the seasonings and specific method back in the mid-80s.
A smaller chicken is used, something under 4 pounds, which slow roasts at 250 degrees for 5 hours. Yes, you read that right - 250 degrees. 5 hours - which seems to frighten the heck out of some people. Ms. Hiller claimed that it's safe to roast a small chicken at 250 degrees F however, stating that "...anything over 225 degrees is safe as long as the chicken reaches an internal temperature of at least 155 degrees, (which this does, and more) for about 5 hours."
Still, I suppose that I should throw in a disclaimer here about how the federal government a/k/a the U.S. Department of Agriculture recommends cooking poultry at oven temperatures of 325 degrees F or higher. So there. I told you. You should therefore proceed with this recipe with that knowledge.The result of this slow roasting is an incredibly tasty chicken that is both infused with flavor throughout, but is also fall apart tender and juicy, and is somewhat reminiscent of the rotisserie style deli chickens that are so popular these days. I have made this chicken multiple times since those days back then and with absolutely no ill effects and I'm still around, however... if you have concerns about cooking at that low of a temperature, bump up your temperature and adjust the cooking time accordingly. The flavor from the rub will be great ... I just can't vouch for the same exact result. You'll want an internal temperature reaches 175 degrees F, when an instant read thermometer is inserted into the thickest part of the thigh, without touching bone.
If the only thing that you can find is a larger chicken over 4 pounds, prepare it in the same way, however increase the oven temperature to 350 degrees F, and bake it for about 20 minutes per pound.
If you remember, put this chicken together the night before so that it marinates overnight with the seasoning rub, but I've forgotten and just roasted it immediately after applying the rub with excellent results too. Grab a couple of smaller chickens when you find them on sale and roast them to shred up and freeze for future meals.
This is just one of many ways to roast a chicken, but it is one of the best I've ever eaten. Don't limit the spice mixture to only roasted chicken - there are many applications it can be used for. Here's how to make it.
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Adapted from a 1980s recipe by Mimi Hiller
Recipe: Rotisserie Style Sticky Chicken©From the Kitchen of Deep South Dish
Prep time: 15 min |Cook time: 5 hours | Yield: About 6 to 8 servings
- 1 (under 4 pounds) whole chicken
- 1 medium onion, cut into chunks
- 4 teaspoons kosher salt
- 1 teaspoon freshly cracked black pepper
- 1 teaspoon Cajun seasoning (like Slap Ya Mama), or to taste
- 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1 teaspoon onion powder
- 1 teaspoon white pepper
- 2 teaspoons paprika
- 1 teaspoon dried thyme, crushed
Preheat oven to 250 degrees F. (See cook's notes for chickens over 4 pounds) Remove giblets from chicken if it has them. Place the chicken into a roasting pan.
In a small bowl, mix together thoroughly the salt, pepper, Cajun seasoning, garlic powder, onion powder, white pepper, paprika and thyme and rub this mixture all over the inside and outside of the chicken. Cover loosely and refrigerate overnight if possible, to marinate. If you did not remember to do this, I've cooked them right away also and it is excellent. If cooking right away, stuff onion into the cavity of the chicken. If marinating overnight, wait to stuff the onion in the chicken until just before roasting.
Roast uncovered at 250 degrees F for 5 hours. After the first hour passes, begin basting the chicken with the pan juices periodically. The chicken is ready when the internal temperature is 175 degrees F when an instant read thermometer is inserted into the thickest part of the thigh. Let rest 10 to 15 minutes before carving.
Tip: Roast two chickens at a time and reserve one for use in other dishes. Check out Ten Delicious Things to Do With a Rotisserie Chicken!
Slow Cooker Version: Prepare the chicken as above and refrigerate overnight to marinade if desired. Halve 2 small onions and place in the bottom of a 6 quart crockpot along with 6 to 8 whole red potatoes. You may also line bottom of crockpot with balled up aluminum foil instead of the vegetables if you prefer. Place seasoned chicken on top, cover and cook on low for about 6 to 7 hours, or high for 3 to 4 - actual time will be dependent on size of chicken. Chicken will be done when an instant read thermometer inserted at the thickest part of the thigh registers 175 degrees F. Use a long fish spatula to extract the chicken whole if possible and let rest before carving. Defat the drippings if desired to make a gravy, or cool, transfer to refrigerator and scoop off fat, freezing the remaining broth for another use. Chicken will be very tender that it may fall off the bone, so this method of preparation is not recommended for a presentation pretty chicken.
Important Disclaimer: The U.S. Department of Agriculture recommends cooking poultry at oven temperatures of 325 degrees or higher. You should proceed with this recipe with that knowledge and at your own risk.For Larger Chickens: For larger chickens, over 4 pounds in size, increase oven temperature to 350 degrees F, prepare as above and bake for about 20 minutes per pound, or until juices run clear and an instant read thermometer registers 175 degrees F when measured at the thickest part of the thigh, away from the bone. Let chicken rest 10 to 15 minutes until carving.
Source: http://deepsouthdish.com
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Delicious things to do with a Rotisserie Chicken
Oven Roasted Chicken with Butter Pan Sauce
Spicy Ginger Garlic Chicken
Spicy Sweet Bacon Chicken Breasts
Roasted Balsamic Chicken Thighs


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