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Just days after the worst U.S. coal mine disaster in a quarter-century, the World Bank approved a $3.75 billion loan to South Africa to build one of the world's largest coal-fired electric power plants. Though both South African and U.S. environmentalists had urged the U.S. to vote no, abstention was the best they could achieve.
Coal plays an outsized role in our politics. Just how and with what consequences are questions that must be addressed if we are to enjoy sustainable growth.
Coal's advocates argue that it provides the cheap electricity that can lift the poor both here and abroad out of poverty. Coal, however, is far less cheap than its advocates suggest once a full accounting of its social costs is included.
Over the last century, mine accidents have killed more than 100,000 miners. Since miners' compensation seldom reflects the job's risk, miners and their families in effect subsidize our cheap energy. The effects of coal mining, however, do not stop with death from mine disasters.
A family friend, Sarah Vekasi, an ecochaplain in West Virginia, put the case eloquently after the tragedy: "Imagine if the national press came in and camped out at our local elementary school every time we reported that 30 men in our community were diagnosed with Black Lung and 30 children have missed an inordinate amount of days of school due to unidentifiable illnesses caused by drinking polluted water and breathing toxic air? This is a national emergency and the issues reach further back than just how this particularly horrible mine explosion happened to how a single industry has dominated this region and what we, as a national and re-gional community are going to do to change that."
Economic domination and environmental degradation may worsen as jobs in coal country become scarcer. Mining corporations resort to job blackmail and routinely buy political influence. Coal mining today reflects and is part of a transformation in U.S. capitalism from a system of regulated and countervailing powers to what economist James Galbraith labels predatory capitalism.
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In the wake of President Ronald Reagan's assault on the air traffic controllers, Massey Energy joined the growing group of U.S. corporations that used every technique, legal or illegal, to bust its unions. Neither regulations nor unions were to limit profits. The strategy paid off, giving Massey mines liberty to slash wages and flout safety rules.
Massey CEO Don Blankenship is right out of Vince Lombardi's playbook where "winning isn't everything; it is the only thing." Lives rather than football games, however, are at stake here. Blankenship's notorious memo instructing mine superintendents to put coal production ahead of all other considerations encouraged cut-ting corners on worker safety at every turn.
Unionized mines are safer because miners who spot and seek to address safety concerns cannot be arbitrarily fired. Preventing future disasters and addressing coal's environmental impact depends on activism on several fronts and across several national and ideological boundaries. Even with a sensible energy policy, some min-ing will continue. It is imperative that the right of miners to unionize be protected. Mine standards must be strengthened and enforced.
Environmentalists should support these efforts for at lest three reasons: 1) Social justice requires it; 2) empowered and fairly compensated workers will force coal's price to better reflect its social cost; and 3) occupational risks to miners, such as fine particulates in the air or mercury residue are also often precursors or indicators of broader dangers to the community.
For both environmental and technological reasons coal mining is unlikely to be a long-term job creator. Nonetheless, miners dependent on those jobs now are more likely to resist broader environmental goals until they see real employment prospects. In Yes Magazine, Brooke Jarvis points to a West Virginia initiative to compare Massey Energy's proposed mountaintop-removal surface coal mine with an alternative 328-megawatt wind farm. The study found that wind would bring the county government far more revenue while costing $600 million less in health expenses and lost resources.
Nonetheless, as a recent study by the Pew Charitable Trust indicates, the U.S. spends less of its GDP on alternative energy than even such coalaholics as China. Our priorities are economically and ecologically shortsighted.


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The movie was better than expected. I'm not going to lie - I've never read the Green Lantern comics, but I'm familiar with the lore and the different origin stories as Chris is a huge fan and has done a great job explaining the evolution of the comic characters over the years. So I had a basic working knowledge of what to expect. So for me, the movie wasn't bad. I could fill in gaps here and there if need be.
Is it the most wonderfully written screenplay? No. But the Carol Ferris character bothered me much less than Jane Foster in Thor (not that I liked either character).
Plus, for me, the constructs in the movie were amazing. While I understood the concept of the Green Lanterns seeing it brought to life on the screen was something else. This movie made the Green Lantern universe more interesting to me.
Chris has a nice short review on his site that explains what he thought about the movie and adaption from comic to screen.

subset: commoncrawl


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Posts Taggedghost hunters
Do you think you could tell if your best friend were a zombie? Thankfully, using one of the apps below, you can be certain, no matter which stage of infection your friend may be currently experiencing.
And since we want you to be completely covered when it comes to potential paranormal happenings in your life, we've also included apps for locating werewolves, finding haunted houses, keeping up on UFO activity and hunting ghosts. Use at your own risk. (more…)


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Based on Intel's P67 chipset
Following the recent launch and availability of Intel's 2nd generation Core processors, Asus has now officially announced its Maximus IV Extreme motherboard based on Intel's P67 chipset.
As noted, the new Maximus IV Extreme is an ATX motherboard based on Intel's P67 chipset and features support for Intel's Sandy Bridge LGA1155 processors. It has a recognizable red on black color scheme and comes packed with all the Republic of Gamers goodies like the ROG Connect, iDirect, on-board buttons, debug LED, voltage measure points and much more.
Specs wise, the Maximus IV Extreme features four DDR3-2200 memory slots, four PCI-Express x16 slots, dual Gigabit Ethernet, four SATA 6.0Gbps and four SATA 3.0Gbps ports, a total of 10 USB 3.0 ports, two eSAT ports, and an integrated 7.1-channel audio.
The new Maximus IV Extreme P67 motherboard is already listed all around the EU and can be found for as low as €299,73.


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Part of National Museums Liverpool
Also in this section…?
Vincent van Gogh, 'The Oise at Auvers' © Tate, London, 2011
This exhibition was part of the Liverpool and the World Exhibition Series, part-funded by the European Union.
'Art in Revolution: Liverpool 1911' is an exploration of a ground-breaking exhibition held in Liverpool in 1911 which displayed international Post-Impressionist artworks alongside local avant-garde artists.
Featuring work by van Gogh, Matisse, Gauguin and Signac, 'Art in Revolution: Liverpool 1911' looks at the relationship between the pioneering exhibition 100 years ago and Liverpool's radicalism.
"Anarchy in the paint pot, mutiny in the brush"
- Liverpool Courier, 1911
The exhibition also examines the reaction of Liverpool's artistic and political establishments to the major unrest in the city, which resulted in mass demonstrations and troops on the streets.
'The Oise at Auvers', Vincent van Gogh
'Sister of Charity', Paul Gauguin
'Saint-Tropez, le sentier de douane', Paul Signac
'Portrait of Dorothy Reilly', Albert Lipczinski
Photos and audio of crowds of protestors in 1911
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Senate 1931-38 (District 64)
Party when first elected: Nonpartisan Election-Liberal Caucus
Counties Served: Mahnomen, Norman
Spouse: Dora Schreiber (married on February 16, 1898) Children: Seven children: Walter, Clarence, and another son who preceded him in death (sons); Hazel, Mrs. Russell Honningschmidt, Harriet, and Mrs. Lloyd Sweet (daughters) Family Members Who Have Served in the Minnesota Legislature:
He moved to a farm near Ada, Norman County, Minnesota in 1880, with his parents.Isle PJ SALVAGE All Fair Shorts Day "Mr. Sprung took an active part in politics as a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor party." (In Memoriam, 1957, p. 20)He was politically Liberal and Progressive.His funeral was held at the First Lutheran Church in Ada, Minnesota.He was a member of the First Lutheran Church of Ada, Minnesota.Religion provided by In Memoriam.
All Day SALVAGE Isle PJ Shorts Fair Minnesota Legislative Reference Library, 645 State Office Building, Saint Paul, MN 55155


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Science Friday® is produced by the Science Friday Initiative, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
Science Friday® and SciFri® are registered service marks of Science Friday, Inc. Site design by Pentagram; engineering by Mediapolis.
Fed up with human shortcomings, the characters in Madeleine George's play turn to high-tech companions. Could machines be assistants, friends, and even partners? The (Curious Case of the) Watson Intelligence explores the amazing things technology can do for us…and what it can't.


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A proposal for a new Devonport Library boasts a fireplace "snug" for readers and a 24-hour space for youthful Wi-Fi users - but its toilets will block the view of the Waitemata Harbour from the main street.
Last week, Auckland Council chose award-winning Athfield Architects to design the $7.8 million North Shore project to be built on the Windsor Reserve site of the existing library, which will be demolished.
Devonport-Takapuna Local Board member Mike Cohen said concept plans so far had not respected local concern to get views from Victoria Rd through the reserve to the sea.
"If you were building a $3 million house with a view of Rangitoto Island, you wouldn't put a toilet in the middle of the view like we've done here," he said. If views had to be blocked, another site should be found.
A group of six architects, who live in Devonport, also said Windsor Reserve was the wrong location.
One of them, Tony Koia, said the board was after an iconic building.
"But our view is the original Windsor Reserve is iconic and no building or place will be better than the Windsor Reserve returned to its whole. At the moment it's cut in two and the library disconnects the township from the reserve."
However, the board voted to endorse the appointment of the design and planning team and call for public consultation in the next few weeks. It said feedback would help get the design to the stage where it would be tested by the urban design panel and the council's major projects team.
Board chairman Chris Darby said the concept was "an elegant pavilion in the park".
Athfield architect Jonathan Rennie said the plan would draw people to the library's first floor where the view was better than from the main street. "We accept the toilets may not be in the best place and are working through their location."


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DC Super Friends Episode 2
Cartoon : DC Super Friends
The Super Friends are the World's Greatest Super Heroes! They work together to stop the villains and protect the innocent, keeping the world safe. Go, Super Friends!
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Are all cervical dysplasias associated with HPV?
Last Reviewed: August 18, 2002
Dear OncoLink "Ask The Experts,"
If you are told that you have Mild Cervical Dysplasia do you have HPV?
Christina S. Chu, MD, Assistant Professor of the Division of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, responds:
Most, but not all dysplasia lesions of the cervix are associated with an HPV infection. A biopsy or pap does not pick up all HPV infections. However, you should know that most people who are infected with HPV never develop cervical dysplasia. Your body's immune system can also clear the HPV infection. HPV is transmitted through sexual contact.


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It's a discovery that's got Bernice and Wardell Chavis outraged. For the second time this month the couple has found remnants of mail-in-ballots tossed in the gutter near their Vallejo home.
"Ballots in the street... we said 'No this should not be here,'" said Wardell Chavis.
Two weeks ago while out for a walk, the couple found three soggy ballots in the gutter. Then last week, in the very same spot, they discovered a voter's envelope with the ballot missing.
"I'm appalled," said Bernice Chavis. "I don't care whether it's a Republican or Democrat or Independent.... These people voted. They're Americans and they voted and they have a right to vote and their vote has to be counted."
Solano County's Deputy Registrar of Voters John Gardner said ballot tampering is a federal offense. He said his office will contact the postal service to look into the matter.
"The ballots and envelopes we receive in our office are usually in pristine shape," said Gardener. "A situation like this is extreme."
Gardner said his office is doing all it can to contact the impacted voters. He also advises voters who are concerned their mail-n ballot may have been intercepted to contact their county elections office to check the status.
Meanwhile, the Chavis's are worried more voters ballots could have been tossed.
"We don't know how many more they have done this to. If they have done it to the four we've found, how many more have they done it to?," said Mr Chavis.
The couple says they're not taking any chances with their own mail-in ballots. They plan to deliver them to the Solano County Elections Office in person.


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Prognosis and survival for childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and their parents may have questions about prognosis and survival. A prognosis is the doctor's best estimate of how cancer will affect someone and how it will respond to treatment. Prognosis and survival depend on many factors. Only a doctor familiar with a child's medical history, type of cancer, stage and risk group, characteristics of the cancer, treatments chosen and response to treatment can put all of this information together with survival statisticsto arrive at a prognosis.
A prognostic factor is an aspect of the cancer or a characteristic of the child that the doctor will consider when estimating likelihood of relapse and long-term survival. A predictive factor influences how a cancer will respond to a certain treatment. Prognostic and predictive factors are often discussed together, and they both play a part in deciding on a treatment plan and a prognosis.
The following are prognostic and predictive factors for childhood NHL.
Response to treatment
Children with NHL that responds well to the first treatments given (called first-line therapy) have a better prognosis than those who respond poorly.
Children with early stage (stage 1 or 2) NHL have a slightly more favourable prognosis. Children with advanced (stage 3 or 4) NHL have a slightly poorer prognosis.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels can give the doctors an idea of how much cancer is in the body, which is called the tumour burden. A higher LDH level is usually linked with a greater tumour burden. LDH is often higher than normal in children with a fast-growing lymphoma.
Where the cancer is in the body at diagnosis
Lymphoma that is only in the lymph nodes or lymphatic tissue where it started (called the primary site) is more easily treated and has a more favourable prognosis. Lymphoma has a less favourable prognosis when it has spread outside the primary site to organs, such as the lung, liver or spleen.
Some children with NHL in the mediastinum, or chest, may have a higher risk of early treatment-related side effects and may need more intensive treatment.
Children with NHL in the brain and spinal cord (called the central nervous system, or CNS) or in the bone marrow have a higher risk that the cancer will come back, or recur, and so need more intensive treatment.
Chromosome changes
Certain chromosome changes in the cancer cells can affect the prognosis for children with mature B-cell NHL. Children with Burkitt lymphoma who have a gain of 7q or deletion of 13q may have a poorer outcome on certain chemotherapy protocols.
Chromosome changes can also affect the prognosis for children with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is when one allele, or form, of a gene in the cancer cells stops working. This can mean that a gene that normally helps limit the growth of cancer cells (called a tumour-suppressor gene) stops working. Children with LOH at chromosome 6q may have a poorer prognosis.
The presence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in lymphoma cells is a prognostic factor for children with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Children with lymphoma cells that have ALK, or are ALK-positive, have a better prognosis and higher survival rates. Children with lymphoma cells that don't have ALK, or are ALK-negative, tend to be diagnosed at a later stage and have a poorer prognosis.
NHL in infants is rare, but infants diagnosed with NHL have a poorer prognosis than older children with NHL. Teenagers diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma tend to have a poorer prognosis than younger children with these types of NHL.
The space in the chest between the lungs, breastbone and spine that contains the heart, great blood vessels, thymus, trachea (windpipe), esophagus and lymph nodes.
How can you stop cancer before it starts?
Discover how 16 factors affect your cancer risk and how you can take action with our interactive tool – It's My Life! Presented in partnership with Desjardins.


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(NBA series)
Xbox 360
In Verzameling
2K Sports
Visual Concepts
NBA 2K6 hits the hardwood with all the ingredients necessary to continue its reign as the #1 rated pro basketball game*. Achieve NBA superstar status with the new 24/7 mode, where created players now partake in training camps, competitions and even land endorsement deals. Elevate your game by utilizing the innovative V.I.P. System to challenge profiles of friends and other NBA 2K6 ballers across the country that match their gameplay tendencies down to every minute detail. Then head over to The Crib to customize your pad, buy music and unlock mini-games with crib credits earned playing the game. With the industry leading online experience and unrivaled franchise control, NBA 2K6 offers the most complete and entertaining roundball experience available.
24/7 - Modeling the life of the next NBA superstar, 24/7 lets you create your own player and guide him through all of the facets of an elite NBA career. Train your player, improve his skills, and outshine your competition to land endorsement deals and even your own shoe contract.
V.I.P. System - After your game, save your friends' profiles to compete when they're not available! Learn opponents' tendencies, moves, and tactics, or take your game to the next level by downloading profiles of the top players in the country.
The Crib - Making its basketball debut, the Crib offers a totally unique way to show off your in-game accomplishments. Earn crib credits with every game you play to deck out your crib, buy music, or play mini-games.
The Association ... The deepest franchise in the business just got deeper. Take total control of your NBA franchise by hiring your own coaching staff and scouts, all with their own individual personalities and expectations. Track top draft picks with year-round scouting and communication controls. Lastly tie everything together by receiving feedback from players, agents, coaching staff, press, and even the fans.
The Online Experience - 2K Sports continues to lead the online gaming revolution as NBA 2K6 features seamless online play and the most comprehensive online features anywhere including complete online stat tracking, buddy lists management, and online leagues.
Product Gegevens
Aantal Disks
Meerdere Spelers
Internet, Same Screen
Persoonlijke Gegevens
NBA 2K6 at Game Collector Connect


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Baby Markets
Money and the New Politics of Creating Families
- Editor: Michele Bratcher Goodwin, University of Minnesota
- Date Published: May 2010
- availability: Available
- format: Paperback
- isbn: 9780521735100
Other available formats:
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Creating families can no longer be described by heterosexual reproduction in the intimacy of a couple's home and the privacy of their bedroom. To the contrary, babies can be brought into families through complex matrixes involving lawyers, coordinators, surrogates, 'brokers', donors, sellers, endocrinologists, and without any traditional forms of intimacy. In direct response to the need and desire to parent, men, women, and couples - gay and straight - have turned to viable, alternative means: baby markets. This book examines the ways in which Westerners create families through private, market processes. From homosexual couples skirting Mother Nature by going to the assisted reproductive realm and buying the sperm or ova that will complete the reproductive process, to Americans travelling abroad to acquire children in China, Korea, or Ethiopia, market dynamics influence how babies and toddlers come into Western families. Michele Goodwin and a group of contributing experts explore how financial interests, aesthetic preferences, pop culture, children's needs, race, class, sex, religion, and social customs influences the law and economics of baby markets.Read more
- Offers daring analysis of contemporary reproduction
- Supplies an honest analysis of the challenges in creating families through adoption and assisted reproduction
- Unpacks the thorny issues of race, class, and sexuality in the neopolitics of procreation
Reviews & endorsements
'Michele Goodwin has done a masterful job of weaving together a wide range of contrasting points of view in law, policy, economics, and philosophy on the timely topic of [baby markets] in our contemporary post-Brave New World society. As a person who defends the interests of families after formation but who had only passing knowledge of reproductive technology and developments in marketing of component baby-making parts, I learned a great deal from this cutting-edge work.' Diane L. Redleaf, Executive Director, Family Defense Center, ChicagoSee more reviews
'Today children are conceived, born, and adopted in the marketplace - like it or not. By collecting a wide range of cutting-edge perspectives by leading experts on reproductive technologies, adoption, and economics, Baby Markets is an essential resource for understanding how these markets function as well as their profound implications for our society and the world.' Dorothy Roberts, Northwestern University, and author of Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty
'Baby Markets is a groundbreaking, must-read in today's growing era of adoption, surrogacy, and 'non-traditional' families. Goodwin does an excellent job of integrating a broad array of authors and material in a manner that crystallizes the issues, and highlights the challenges and controversies involved. I have no doubt that Baby Markets will be increasingly and directly relevant in public policy decision-making and legal jurisprudence. The analysis of law and economics, social mores, parental rights, ethics and baby taboos should be required reading for anyone interested in the supply and demand for children in modern times.' Steve P. Calandrillo, Charles I. Stone Professor of Law, University of Washington School of Law
'The family is not private, and contemporary baby markets in transnational adoption and artificial reproductive technologies underscore this fact. The question is not whether but how the law has supported the commodification of family and kinship - racial and gendered enterprises of taste and choice - and what can be done about it now. Goodwin's brave and eye-opening collection paves the way for an intelligent and ethical response.' David L. Eng, University of Pennsylvania, and author of The Feeling of Kinship: Queer Liberalism and the Racialization of Intimacy
'Financial considerations are becoming ever more important in adoption and new reproductive technologies. Is this good or bad? How will it change the way we think about babies and the way we think about families? Baby Markets brings together some of the best thinkers on these subjects, and creates a vibrant exchange of ideas. It is the volume one must read for this increasingly important and controversial topic.' Brian H. Bix, Frederick W. Thomas Professor of Law and Philosophy, University of Minnesota
'Goodwin's Baby Markets is indispensable reading for anyone interested in learning how something so basic as having a baby has been transformed by the intersection of commerce and technology. These essays illuminate the promise and perils of this new way of becoming a parent better than anything else that I have read.' Rick Banks, Jackson Eli Reynolds Professor of Law, Stanford Law School
'A welcome entry to the important conversation about new ways of creating parenthood. This book gathers a stellar cast of scholars to consider the marketization of babies through ART, embryo and egg donation, international and transracial adoption. Recognizing that this train has already left the station, the authors analyze, in short and readable entries from a variety of perspectives, the economics of these new arrangements and revisit the question [of] whether this commodification is an entirely unfortunate development - or whether, and how, harms associated with it may be controlled while allowing the benefits to infertile heterosexuals and to gays and lesbians who desire children.' Cynthia Grant Bowman, Dorothea S. Clarke Professor of Feminist Jurisprudence, Cornell Law School
'Baby Markets offers a radical critique of a cherished principle - that commodification devalues human life and is a moral affront. Unafraid to ask hard questions and challenge fundamental assumptions, the authors show us how the making and procuring of babies has become a multi-billion dollar industry deeply influenced by the wealth and social status of those seeking progeny. With equal parts economics and ethics, calculation and compassion, the essays in this volume provide a trove of insights that map a new field of study in a brilliant and provocative way.' Eric A. Feldman, University of Pennsylvania Law School
'Whoever said 'you don't choose your family' never read this book. Goodwin and the authors take us through riveting analyses of how law, technology, markets, and crime have functioned together or individually to shape new constructions of families and, in some cases, destroy others. A must read!' Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Professor of Law and Charles M. and Marion J. Kierscht Scholar, University of Iowa College of Law
'Baby Markets is an outstanding book. Professor Goodwin has gathered a group of the brightest legal minds to weigh in on subjects that strike at the very heart of our human existence. Through a provocative and far reaching exploration of how individuals construct families in the marketplace(s), this text provides critical insight into the politics of race, class, gender and sexuality. Moreover, the intersecting forces that frame baby markets in today's world: technology, policy, litigation, legislation, economics, transnationalism, identity, and desire, are explicated with remarkable clarity and rigor.' Imani Perry, Princeton University
'In Baby Markets, Professor Goodwin and her colleagues provide an unflinching account of the largely unregulated world of reproduction and adoption. They begin by exposing the vast extent of world markets for these services, expertly assessing their troubling racial and national implications. More surprisingly, several chapters suggest the possibilities these same markets hold for poverty-relief, equality, and justice. This varied collection is for anyone interested in the complicated and controversial world of [twenty-first-century] family creation.' Jill R. Horwitz, Louis and Myrtle Moskowitz Research Professor of Business and Law, University of Michigan Law School
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Product details
- Date Published: May 2010
- format: Paperback
- isbn: 9780521735100
- length: 338 pages
- dimensions: 229 x 152 x 18 mm
- weight: 0.45kg
- contains: 10 b/w illus.
- availability: Available
Table of Contents
Part I. What Makes a Market?: Efficiency, Accountability, and Reliability in Getting the Babies We Want:
1. Baby markets Michele Goodwin
2. The upside of baby markets Martha Ertman
3. Price and pretense in the baby market Kimberly Krawiec
4. Bringing feminist fundamentalism to the US baby markets Mary Anne Case
5. Producing kinship through the marketplaces of transnational adoption Sara Dorow
Part II. Space and Place: Reproducing and Reframing Social Norms of Race, Class, Gender and Otherness:
6. Adoption laws and practices: serving whose interests? Ruth Arlene-Howe
7. International adoption: the human rights issues Elizabeth Bartholet
8. Heterosexuality as a prenatal social problem: why parents and courts have a taste for heterosexuality Jose Gabilondo
9. Transracial adoption of black children: an economic analysis Mary Eschelbach Hansen and Daniel Pollack
Part III. Spectrums and Discourses: Rights, Regulations, and Choice:
10. Reproducing dreams Naomi Cahn
11. Why do parents have rights? The problem of kinship in liberal thought Maggie Gallagher
12. Free markets, free choice? A market approach to reproductive rights Debora Spar
13. Commerce and regulation in the assisted reproduction industry John Robertson
14. Ethics within markets or a market for ethics: can disclosure of sperm donor identity be effectively mandated? June Carbone
Part IV. The Ethics of Baby and Embryo Markets:
15. Egg donation for research and reproduction: the compensation conundrum Nanette Elster
16. Eggs, nests, and stem cells Lisa Ikemota
17. Where stem cell research meets abortion politics: limits on buying and selling human oocytes Michelle Oberman
Part V. Tenuous Grounds and Baby Taboos:
18. Risky exchanges Viviana Zelizer
19. Giving in to baby markets Sonia Suter.
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Teaching Geography: Workshop 5
Sub-Saharan Africa
Part 1: South Africa
Part 2: Kenya
- Program Overview
A summary of this workshop's video programs and learning objectives is below.
- Before You Watch
Read these materials prior to watching the video.
- Programs and Activities
Plan your workshop with this grid of professional development activities.
- Terms
Definitions of terms used in this workshop.
- Featured Lesson Plans
Ideas to take back to your classroom.
- Resources
Additional print and Web resources.
Program Overview: Sub-Saharan Africa
This workshop focuses on the geographical issues of Sub-Saharan Africa, with case studies on the impact of apartheid on present-day South Africa as well as on disease diffusion in Kenya. Classroom segments show educators using role-playing activities to teach students about land allocation in South Africa and the impact of the AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa.
This video is currently not available.
Part 1. South Africa: This Land Is My Land
This program considers present-day issues in South Africa resulting from the redressing of land inequities under apartheid. In the case study, we follow a geographer investigating the redistribution of land and the disparity in land productivity of black and white farmers. During the classroom segment, students come to understand land allocation in South Africa through a role-playing activity.
- Analyze how cooperation and conflict influence the development and control
of social, political, and economic entities.
- Evaluate the geographic impacts of policy decisions related to the use
of resources.
- Identify how role-playing activities help students analyze the relationship between the spatial distribution of settlement and resources.
Part 2. Kenya: Understanding Sickness
This program examines disease in Sub-Saharan Africa and how geography can play a role in developing strategies to reduce loss of life. Our case study takes us to Kenya, where tropical diseases like malaria and river blindness have always been a high risk. But today, AIDS threatens to take an even greater toll on the population. Following the case study is commentary by Gil Latz and Susan Hardwick, and then a visit to the classroom of Shirley Hutchins. There, her students develop an understanding of AIDS in Kenya through multiple methods of analysis.
- Identify how understanding population movement can contribute to disease
- Explain contemporary issues in the context of spatial and environmental
- Identify strategies for helping students develop plans to solve local and regional problems that have spatial dimensions.


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Infrared technology helps catch marathon bombing suspect
NH hopes to upgrade state's equipment
People are still talking about the thermal-imaging camera used to track the suspect in the Boston Marathon bombing last week when he was captured inside a boat in a Watertown backyard.
While the equipment used in the man hunt is the cutting-edge technology spy movies are made of, the New Hampshire State Police said the state's gear is due for an upgrade.
When authorities were closing in on suspected Boston bomber Dzokhar Tsarnaev who was hiding inside a boat in a Watertown backyard, they got a good look at him using a thermal-imaging camera -- a tool used by troopers in Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
"The technology is designed to help us in locating missing or wanted subjects," said Sean Faherty of the New Hampshire State Police. "Assisting with presidential and vice presidential airborne security and also in allowing us to take aerial photography for crime scenes or motor vehicle crashes."
Faherty said the camera, which is attached to the base of a helicopter, can pick up heat signatures, which in the Boston case helped confirm that Tsarnaev was alive inside the boat. The camera generally doesn't work through glass, walls or roofs. It's really meant to track people outside.
"We're able to monitor or see people in a field or going through the woods," Faherty said. "People that run from a motor vehicle stop. We're able to tell the heat that they're giving off from the cold temperature around them."
Besides tracking criminals, the heat-sensing technology is also used to find lost children or the elderly. It works best in colder conditions, which allow it to pick up body heat, experts said.
New Hampshire's technology, however, is already 40 years old, and unlike the state-of-the-art equipment in Massachusetts, the local cameras have been in use for more than a decade.
Faherty said the Watertown capture is proof that New Hampshire could use an upgrade in its equipment.
"We absolutely need more of these resources and updated technology," he said.
The new equipment comes with a hefty price tag. The robot used to pull the tarp off the boat last week cost $200,000.


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Why is Cupertino a BoConcept Design Icon? Because it's an amazing piece of work. Because it's as functional as it's beautiful. Because it innovatively combines workspace, storage and sound in a perfect home office solution. That's why!
Designer ARDE combines a Master Degree in Architecture with many years of experience within the furniture industry. With professional know-how and a strong passion to move boundaries in the use of materials, new technology and manufacturing processes, ARDE creates designs that are not only beautiful but provide maximum value for the user. The Cupertino desk is a perfect example of this.


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Application Visibility & Control: CleanAir at the Applications Level
The Problem:
There are many challenges IT managers face on a daily basis. As the proliferation of user devices and the growth in business, personal and collaborative applications continue to grow, almost exponentially, these challenges only make the job of an IT manager harder. For instance, imagine what goes through the mind of an IT administrator who is responsible for helping a hospital and medical school get a handle on device and application growth and usage:
- Is a guest or patient downloading movies using Bit-Torrent –in other words, stealing valuable airtime away from my mission-critical applications?
- My network supports a mixed use of guests, employees and vendors/doctors. Without prioritizing applications on the network, employees risk losing productivity and response time to patients, insurance providers, labs. Can I prioritize business-class applications such as Cisco Webex/Jabber and de-prioritize the applications such as Netflix?
- Who are my top 10 users and the top 10 upstream and downstream applications? Can I save a detailed report of all application flows in my network for compliance purposes?
- The number of devices, number of users is exploding, and use of video is growing 50% year over year. Should I add more access points in my auditorium or conference room areas? Or should I upgrade to 802.11ac for more capacity?
Enter Cisco Application Visibility Control(AVC) integrated into wireless infrastructure.
While I use the medical center as an example, I'm sure you're asking yourself these same questions about your network. I'm excited to introduce you to Cisco Application Visibility and Control (AVC), fully integrated into Cisco's wireless networking solutions. Just as CleanAir helps you understand what is happening in your spectrum so you can prioritize and strategize ways to optimize your network spectrum, Cisco AVC is a powerful, pervasive and integrated solution that provides unprecedented visibility and control at the application level. Not only has AVC already been shipping within the ASR 1000 Series and ISR G2 series routers, it has also been proven in the market and deployed worldwide in conjunction with a variety of partners providing netflow collectors. Having AVC's functionality fully integrated into the wireless network means that an IT administrator can tie it directly into user-based policies and make critical decisions in real-time.
The AVC solution has the following components:
- Next-generation Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) technology called NBAR2 which allows for identification and classification of applications.
- Quality of Service: Ability to remark applications using DiffServ to prioritize and deprioritize the applications
- A template for Cisco NetFlow v9 to select and export data of interest
- Cisco Prime Assurance(Optional) or a third-party Netflow collector of your choice to collect, analyze and save reports for troubleshooting, capacity planning and compliance purposes.
Application Visibility & Control is a market-leading Cisco innovation, with features such as:
- Robust, proven NBAR2 library supports a massive (1000+) number of applications. New patches are released periodically to support additional applications. This is similar to the IT administrator adding signatures to the anti-virus tool on a regular basis to keep updated with the latest threats.
- Ability to identify and remark on a sub-category level so the IT administrator can differentiate between patients using Google video vs Google mail, Skype Voice vs Video, and place them in different QoS queues. Even when a guest is using encrypted applications, such as Kazaa version 2 or Microsoft Lync, the IT administrator will still be able to identify it, because NBAR2 supports heuristics based classification.
Consistent wired-wireless application visibility on Cisco Prime Infrastructure (Assurance) and 3rd party Netflow collectors allows customers that are already using Netflow collectors to now monitor wireless traffic in conjunction with wired.The following youtube video shows a demo of AVC's capabilities
This functionality will be available in an upcoming Cisco controller software release. For more information or if youare interested in participating in a beta trial, you can contact your local Cisco sales representative.
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.
2 Comments
Nice blog!!!…..thnks Cisco
Great blog post! We demonstrated AVC at Interop NY last week and it was very well received. Customers can still see AVC live, in action, at Interop Mumbai this week, as well as Cisco Live Cancun and Educause in Denver, both in early November.


text: Our name is YesPorn and we have only one reason to be and that is to share all the goodness of free porn with anyone who wants to enjoy it. We are not discriminating in any fashion and we provide our fans and our random visitors with all the free hardcore porn we can get on our hands. Of course, this does not mean that we will feature just about anything. We are very careful and meticulous in our selection of porn that we share with our fans. We want them to be exposed to the very best of porn – nothing less will work. We always care about the quality of our vids. If we think that the quality of the picture is inferior, we do not bother you with that. We want you to enjoy the porn the way it needs to be enjoyed- in highest quality possible and with the best production values, where expected. When we choose amateur vids, of course, we cannot be too picky as the quality is often inferior to studio-produced stuff but we still share them because the action is great. In essence, it all comes down to how steamy the action is and how wild the stuff is. If we feel that the girls are getting into it and if we feel that our fans would like to see this particular scene, we include it. We are also fans of porn and we know what other fans of porn might like. You may think that this is too self-assured but that is the only way in which a fan of porn would choose what to share with their friends. And we feel that you are our friends. We have also gone out of our way to make sure that our porno selection is as varied as it is humanly possible. We understand that some people like vanilla action while others like things to get steamier and kinkier. We also understand that some people like anal, just blowjobs or lesbian action. We are even catering to those who like a bit of hentai action or some fetish stuff that other porn tubes will not provide their fans with. The formula for YesPorn is quality and quantity combined, with tons of vids that need to be of a certain quality to be featured here.


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MEDIA ALERT—Milpitas, Calif.—September 16, 2014
SanDisk will officially open the doors to its newest research and development facility in Marlborough, Massachusetts with a ribbon-cutting ceremony hosted by company Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer, Sanjay Mehrotra, along with the entire executive staff. They will be joined by Mayor Arthur G. Vigeant, as well as several other city and state officials, who have worked closely with the company to make this new facility a reality.
SanDisk's new Marlborough location provides approximately 60,000 square feet of new space, which includes 15,000 square feet of modern lab facilities and a new open workstation concept, which will encourage further collaboration and innovation around its enterprise, data center and hyperscale flash-based solutions. The company invested $14.5 million to lease and upgrade this new facility, which will not only help further its product innovation, but also contribute to the creation of new jobs in Marlborough.
Mehrotra will highlight how the energy, efficiency, scalability, and performance benefits of SSDs make it possible for businesses to address today's application demands, while moving closer to realizing the benefits of a flash-transformed data center.
|Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer, Sanjay Mehrotra, SanDisk executive staff, Mayor Arthur G. Vigeant, and several other city and state officials
|Thursday, Sept. 18, 11:00 a.m. ET
|200 Donald Lynch Boulevard
Marlborough, MA 01752
Additional information about the full range of SanDisk's storage and software solutions is available at www.sandisk.com.
SanDisk Corporation (NASDAQ: SNDK), a Fortune 500 and S&P 500 company, is a global leader in flash storage solutions. For more than 25 years, SanDisk has expanded the possibilities of storage, providing trusted and innovative products that have transformed the electronics industry. Today, SanDisk's quality, state-of-the-art solutions are at the heart of many of the world's largest data centers, and embedded in advanced smart phones, tablets and PCs. SanDisk's consumer products are available at hundreds of thousands of retail stores worldwide. For more information, visit www.sandisk.com.
© 2014 SanDisk Corporation. All rights reserved. SanDisk is a trademark of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the United States and other countries. Other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be the trademarks of their respective holder(s).
This news release contains certain forward-looking statements, including expectations for markets, products and customers that are based on our current expectations and involve numerous risks and uncertainties that may cause these forward-looking statements to be inaccurate. Risks that may cause these forward-looking statements to be inaccurate include among others: the market demand for our products may grow more slowly than our expectations or our products may not be available in the capacities that we expect or perform as expected, or the other risks detailed from time-to-time in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings and reports, including, but not limited to, our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K. We do not intend to update the information contained in this news release.


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Kodiak Island Charters
Please complete all of the required fields below to inquire about a reservation.
Cancellation, Deposit & Booking Policies
DEPOSIT: We require a 50% deposit upon confirmation of the reservation. We accept US Currency cash, traveler checks or personal checks. Balance is due upon arrival. FINAL PAYMENT: Please make sure you have exact amount to minimize the 'making of change' with the cashier. CANCELLATION: If the trip is cancelled by the operator due to weather or mechanical problems, clients can choose to be rescheduled on a later date or receive a full refund.
This is a Secure form.
Service Provided by Availability Onlineprivacy policy


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Enter your email address to receive special offers and promotions from Kimono Yukata Market Sakura.
Women > Kimono > Long-sleeved kimono / Furisode
|Long-sleeved kimono has gorgeous patterns all over. It is suitable for
wearing on casual events and also for celebration day or events. Features:
- Mostly worn by Maiko but ordinary girls also wear them on celebration
days. - One of the most formal Japanese kimonos with gorgeous patterns
all over. - Can be used for ornamental purposes.
|This is only kimono. you need those items to wear kimono.
|Condition AAA
|As good as new. We can see very little signs of wear and stains on it. No problem to wear it.
|Condition AA
|Use only a few times so far. We can see little signs of wear. There are very little stains on it but they are unnoticeable. No problem to wear it.
|Condition A
|Very good condition of all the used kimono. We can see a little signs of wear. There are small stains on it but not mind too much. You can wear it.
|Condition B
|We can see signs of wear and stains on it. You can wear it if you don't mind the stains.
|Condition C
|Well-used Japanese kimono. We can clearly see signs of wear and stains on it. It isn't suitable for wearing on formal occasions. But it is suitable for enjoying the traditional atmosphere of Japanese kimono, or for cosplaying, costumes for a play or ornamental purposes.
|Condition D
|Very well-used Japanese kimono. We can see damages and big stains on it. You can use it for a play or cosplaying of hard training priest by using the oldness of the kimono, or you can use it as reference materials for your study.
Happy comments & photos from our customers all around the world. Thank you so much!!
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Jesus said in Matthew 25, ��for I was hungry and you gave Me food; I was thirsty and you gave Me drink; I was a stranger and you took Me in; I was naked and you clothed Me; I was sick and you visited Me; I was in prison and you came to Me. �Then the righteous will answer Him, saying, �Lord, when did we see You hungry and feed You, or thirsty and give You drink? When did we see You a stranger and take You in, or naked and clothe You? Or when did we see You sick, or in prison, and come to You?� And the King will answer and say to them, �Assuredly, I say to you, inasmuch as you did it to one of the least of these My brethren, you did it to Me.�
In July 2012 I became the executive director of Cornerstone Christian Center. When I came here I felt the presence of God and I knew that I was finally on the mission field that God had been preparing me to serve on. I felt that God was truly in this place and that this place belonged to God.
There have been many ups and downs over the last ten months. We have seen men come to Christ. We have seen men reunited with their families. We have seen men overcome their addictions, go to work, have homes of their own, and begin to live normal, sober lives.
On the down side, we have also seen men fail, wind up homeless, in jails, hospitals, and yes in graves. None of us can take credit for these transformations. It is through the power of God that men are changed, that men are healed, and that men are made whole. God is working at Cornerstone. It is a mission field in your backyard and in mine.
There have been many people, organizations, and churches that have played an integral part in Cornerstone both in the past and now. Were it not for them, Cornerstone would have closed long ago. But by the grace of God and the kindness of others Cornerstone remains open. I am writing to you today because I have been asking God to provide many more people who will step forward and Save Cornerstone.
Cornerstone�s financial situation is critical at this time. Unless God intervenes through the people of Gaston County in the next few weeks, Cornerstone will close its doors. And so we are asking you to help Cornerstone in any way you can, either individually, through your church, or through your business. If every man and woman in Gaston County would give one dollar a year to Cornerstone, then there would always be a Cornerstone where men can get their lives back through treatment and a new relationship with God. If every church in Gaston County would pray and include Cornerstone in your mission�s budget, men would always have a place to recover what they�ve lost.
Cornerstone is nondenominational. It is a faith-based, nonprofit 501 ( C ) 3 organization which preaches and teaches the gospel of Jesus Christ. It provides food, shelter, counseling, treatment, employment, 12 Step Recovery, and new beginnings to those who want it. We believe that God is speaking to hearts and that there are more people that support Cornerstone then there are that are against it.
Maybe you didn�t know about Cornerstone, but it has been here a long time helping men become whole. With your help, it can be here for many years to come. Please help us serve �the least of these� by giving to Cornerstone Christian Center.
Lance is the Executive Director of Cornerstone Christian Center.


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Product name: DAMI
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Wear it with


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Plan your week with our guide to everything going on 1/23 through 1/29.
MOVIES OPENING (Friday)
The Grey
Man on a Ledge
One for the Money
House (returns; 8 p.m.; Fox)
Hart of Dixie (returns; 9 p.m.; the CW)
The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (season finale; 9 p.m.; Bravo)
Alcatraz (time period premiere; 9 p.m.; Fox)
Bizarre Foods America (season premiere; 10 p.m.; Travel)
Bad Girls Club: Las Vegas (season premiere; 10 p.m.; Oxygen)
Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too (season finale; 11 p.m.; Oxygen)
All Star Dealers (series premiere; 8 p.m.; Discovery)
Joan & Melissa: Joan Knows Best? (season premiere; 9 p.m.; WE)
Touch (series sneak preview; 9 p.m.; Fox)
The Challenge (season premiere; 10 p.m.; MTV)
Dark Minds (series premiere; 10 p.m.; ID)
Fat Chef (series premiere; 10 p.m.; Food)
Russell Simmons Presents The Ruckus (series premiere; 10 p.m.; Comedy Central)
Inside Comedy (season premiere; 11 p.m.; Showtime)
Chuck (series finale; 8 p.m.; NBC)
Spartacus: Vengeance (season premiere; 10 p.m.; Starz)
Bering Sea Gold (series premiere; 10 p.m.; Discovery)
Swamp Volcano (movie premiere; 9 p.m.; Syfy)
The Pregnancy Project (movie premiere; 9 p.m.; Lifetime)
SAG Awards (special; 8 p.m.; TNT/TBS)
Luck (series premiere; 9 p.m.; HBO)
NEW ON DVD/BLU-RAY (Tuesday)
Annie Hall [Blu-ray]
Another Happy Day
Anthony Bourdain: No Reservations, Collection Six – Part Two
Manhattan [Blu-ray]
Paranormal Activity 3
Real Steel
Revenge of the Electric Car
Stripes [Blu-ray]
Today's Special
The Whistleblower
NEW ALBUMS (Tuesday; subject to change)
Bhi Bhiman, "Bhiman"
Chairlift, "Something"
Cloud Nothings, "Attack on Memory"
Craig Finn, "Clear Heart Full Eyes"
First Aid Kit, "The Lion's Roar"
Foxy Shazam, "The Church of Rock and Roll"
Gonjasufi, "MU.ZZ.LE"
Ingrid Michaelson, "Human Again"
Joe Cocker, "Hard Knocks"
Kellie Pickler, "100 Proof"
Lacuna Coil, "Dark Adrenaline"
Lamb of God, "Resolution"
Nada Surf, "The Stars are Indifferent to Astronomy"
Porcelain Raft, "Strange Weekend"
Rodrigo y Gabriela, "Area 52"
Scorpions, "Comeback"
Seal, "Soul 2"
Skrillex, "Bangarang" [EP]
Tim McGraw, "Emotional Traffic"
You Me at Six, "Sinners Never Sleep"
Various Artists, "2012 Grammy Nominees"
Various Artists, "Chimes of Freedom: The Songs of Bob Dylan"
RAMS HEAD LIVE: Crowded Streets (Friday); Amij/VC7 (Saturday); Matt Nathanson (Sunday)
BALTIMORE SOUNDSTAFE: Dub Nation's 3 Year Anniversary (Saturday)
1ST MARINER: Miranda Lambert (Thursday)
SONAR: Oh Sleeper (Thursday); Affiance (Friday); Abigail Williams (Saturday)
GOLDEN WEST: Have Mercy/the Dialogue (Saturday)
METRO GALLERY: "The 9" singer/songwriter series w/ Justin Trawick, Michael Huckleberry, etc. (Wednesday)
OTTOBAR: The Baby Grand, Gardening Not Architecture (Monday); Rocky Loves Emily (Tuesday); Girlfight, Whenskiesaregray (Thursday); Harvard, Vinny Vegas (Friday); Yury Sanchez benefit w/ Next Step Up, Stout (Saturday); Sal Bando (Sunday)
8x10: Diego Garcia (Thursday); Fiction 20 Down/Can't Hang (Friday)
RECHER: Ugly Oranges, Pretty Little Kennedy Curse, California Start (Thursday)
RAMS HEAD ON STAGE: Aimee Mann (Monday; sold out); Steve Earle (Tuesday); Griffin House (Wednesday); Jane Monheit (Thursday); Jimmy Webb (Friday); Iris Dement (Saturday); Tinsley Ellis (Sunday)
FILLMORE SILVER SPRING: Widespread Panic (Tuesday and Wednesday)
9:30 CLUB: D.R.U.G.S. (Tuesday); Coeur de Pirate (Wednesday); Cowboy Mouth (Thursday); Big Head Todd and the Monsters (Friday); Lamb of God (Saturday; sold out)
BLACK CAT: Carsie Blanton (Thursday); Lightfoot (Friday); Socket Records showcase (Saturday); Beach Week (Sunday)
ROCK AND ROLL HOTEL: Twin Sister (Monday); 4th Annual H St. Karaoke Championship (Thursday); Lethal Peanut (Friday)
Baltimore Winter Restaurant continues (now through Sunday; various locations)
Fresh Thoughts sustainable seafood series w/ Chad Wells (Tuesday; National Aquarium)
"Tyler Perry's The Haves and the Have Nots" (Tuesday-Sunday; Modell Performing Arts Center at the Lyric)
Maryland Morning Screen Test film series w/ Karen Yasinsky (Wednesday; the Windup Space)
"A Skull in Connemara" play (Opens Wednesday, through March 4; Center Stage)
Decoded: A Night of Conspiracy Theories and Comedy (Wednesday; Magooby's Joke House)
Comedian John Witherspoon (Thursday-Saturday; Baltimore Comedy Factory)
Comedian Jimmy Dore (Thursday-Saturday; Magooby's Joke House)
"Night Sweats" play (opens Thursday, runs through Feb. 4; EMP Collective)
Baltimore Blast vs. Norfolk SharX (Friday; 1st Mariner)
Baltimore Blast vs. Rochester Lancers (Friday; 1st Mariner)
The GalHause Revue's Big Show (Friday and Saturday: MICA)
Baltimore Build, Remodel and Landscape Expo (Friday-Sunday; Baltimore Convention Center)
Comedians Jim Holder and Jesse Thomas (Friday and Saturday; Sully's Comedy Cellar, Parkville)
"Under Cover" exhibition (Opens Friday, on view through March 11; MICA)
"LIFE: A Journey Through Time" performance (Friday and Sunday; Meyerhoff)
"SIGNALto.NOISE" exhibition (Opens Friday, on view through March 11; MICA)
The Collective presents "SHORTS" (Friday and Saturday; Theatre Project)
"Frank O'Hara and Jan Cremer: The Amsterdam New York Set or the End of the Far West. 1963/1978" exhibition (Friday-Sunday; Load of Fun)
Advanced Auto Parts Monster Jam (Friday-Sunday; Verizon Center)
Charm City Kitty Club: Episode 2: Hot and Bothered (Saturday; Creative Alliance)
Coffee Clinic at Lamill Coffee (Saturday; Four Seasons Hotel, Baltimore)
8th Annual Jazz @ the Lake concert (Saturday; Jim Rouse Theater, Columbia)
Motown & Paint Factory – Special Tribute to Michael Jackson (Saturday; Hippodrome)
Belated Boxing Day Ball fundraiser for Glass Mind Theatre (Saturday; Load of Fun)
Maryland State Police Polar Bear Plunge (Saturday; Sandy Point State Park, Annapolis)
Washington Bridal Showcase (Sunday; Patriot Center)
Open Marley Night (Sunday; Theatre Project)
Chinese New Year: The Year of the Dragon event (Sunday; Walters Art Museum)
Mini Film Series: "Sholem Aleichem: Laughing in the Darkness" (Sunday Gordon Center for the Performing Arts, Owings Mills)


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Adhere Industrial Tapes Ltd. manufactures a wide variety of single- and double-sided foam tapes used in construction and industrial applications. The company is based within the borough of Colchester in Essex, England.
Headquarters: Colchester, Essex, England Phone: 44 (0) 1206 871999 Website: www.adhere.co.uk
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The Bennet campaign might want to avoid metaphors after it rained on their solar panel parade at East High School Sunday, but there's no reason we have to. Bennet and representatives of Boulder solar company Namaste pointed out the newly installed panels were generating electricity despite the steady drizzle, so they tried to make their political hay without the sunshine.
Namaste and private capital companies are installing the solar panels on 16 Denver Public Schools, taking advantage of state and federal energy and tax incentives to make the deals work. Installers say the just-finished panels atop the East gym are generating 5 to 10 percent of the school's needs; even more important, they say, is the contribution on hot, sunny days when utility companies are now charging premiums for power during peak air conditioning times.
Senator Bennet said the project highlighted differences with Republican Ken Buck that resurfaced as recently as Friday night's debate in Pueblo. Buck has said repeatedly he is against the government picking "winners and losers" in energy by favoring one form over another. He has also said he is against a national renewable energy minimum similar to laws already passed in Colorado, because they might unfairly restrict oil and gas and subsidize expensive alternative energy. Renewable standards require utilities to start generating minimum percentages of their electricity through energy that renews itself, such as wind or solar power.
Buck scoffed at Bennet during the Friday debate that the policy is inane because anybody can call for a standard or wish for a self-sufficient energy economy. Bennet said Sunday, on the East roof, "some of us are actually trying to do something about it."
Bennet says he believes Colorado can lead the nation and international competitors on renewable energy engineering and production. The recent state standards, combined with abundant wind, solar and cleaner natural gas energy in Colorado, uniquely position the state, he says. The school installation projects have helped Namaste create 26 full time jobs this year, company officials said.


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Several years ago Dr. Joseph Mercola wrote in his newsletter about a theory to stop colds and flu. He only left the article up a few hours because he thought it was from a flawed source. Since I saw it as a harmless method, I have tried it several times at the first symptom of an upper respiratory problem and it has worked for me every time!
Several years ago Dr. Joseph Mercola wrote in his newsletter about a theory to stop colds and flu. He only left the article up a few hours because he thought it was from a flawed source. Since I saw it as a harmless method, I have tried it several times at the first symptom of an upper respiratory problem and it has worked for me every time!
It was in 1928 when Richard Simmons, M.D. hypothesized that colds and flu virus enter through the ear canal. His findings were dismissed by the medical community. Dr. Simmons said that contrary to what you may think or have been taught about how you catch the flu or the cold, there is only one way that you can catch the two, and that's via the ear canal—not through the eyes, nose or mouth as most believe.
In 1938 German researchers had great success using hydrogen peroxide in dealing with colds and the flu. Their data has been ignored for over 70 years.
Mercola had so much positive feedback from the few hours he had the article posted that he now is a believer. He writes, "If you do get the flu, one of the most important and simple things you can do is to use hydrogen peroxide in your ears. Yes folks, simple hydrogen peroxide, about a half of a capful in each ear, several times a day, is more than likely to abort the flu reaction. I didn't believe it when I first saw it, but I have now seen many hundreds of cases that have been rapidly aborted with the use of hydrogen peroxide. It costs less than a penny, so you really don't have much to lose. Give it a try. I can guarantee you that it is less toxic and more effective than any flu vaccine on the planet."
In another newsletter, Mercola writes: "I don't advise over-the-counter medications, but one simple treatment you can try that is surprisingly effective against upper respiratory infections is hydrogen peroxide. Many patients at my Natural Health Center have had remarkable results in curing colds and flu within 12 to 14 hours when administering a few drops of 3 percent hydrogen peroxide into each ear. You will hear some bubbling, which is completely normal, and possibly feel a slight stinging sensation. Wait until the bubbling and stinging subside (usually 5 to 10 minutes), then drain onto a tissue and repeat with the other ear. A bottle of hydrogen peroxide in 3 percent solution is available at any drug store (or grocery or discount store) for a couple of dollars or less. It is simply amazing how many people respond to this simple, inexpensive treatment."
The peroxide starts working within 2 to 3 minutes. I have found that if I am getting a cold, the peroxide bubbles so much that bubbles sometime run down the side of my face. It takes at least 10 minutes for the bubbling to subside if I am getting a serious cold. The most discomfort I have is itching inside the ear. However, my ears feel good when I am finished and have let the peroxide run into a tissue. If I am not getting a cold and I put peroxide in my ears, it hardly bubbles at all. That tells me that the old doctors were onto something.
Mercola says this method is perfectly safe for infants and children, but the bubbling and stinging frightens them and they will need someone they trust to put the peroxide in their ears. If you accidentally get peroxide in the eyes, flush with water.
This email is from one of Dr. Mercola's subscribers, "Thanks to one of your articles in your newsletter about using peroxide in the ears for flu or colds, my family and I have had a relatively flu/cold free winter! We have been exposed to a serious flu in our area, but have managed to dodge it. My 6-year-old son had kept me up during one night with coughing and sneezing. By noon the next day he had a fever. I then remembered recently reading in your newsletter about using three drops of peroxide in each ear for 10 minutes. You should have seen his face when I told him I was going to put peroxide in his ears! He was nervous, but soon settled down. It bubbled a lot in both ears. I did only one treatment in each ear, and from then on, his fever went away and his symptoms were reduced to the sniffles. The cold did not return!" She went on to tell of several other instances of peroxide success.
I have found peroxide and baking soda to be an invaluable combination when mixed in water and gargled for a sore throat. Those two treasures are always close at hand in my house.
If you happen to try the peroxide in the ears method for a cold or flu, I would like to hear from you.


text:
Hey everyone!
I am back with daily Posts!! So happy :)
Thanks so much for waiting and i will check out your Blogs soon and every Day again :)
This is my Christmas Outfit - i wore it on December 24. :)
dress: H&M Garden Collection
tights,cardigan,lace-glove,butterfly ring: H&M
shoes: Deichmann
bag: Gift from my Mum
» Read More...


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|2011-06-11, 15:07
|Link #42
Yuri µ'serator
Join Date: Nov 2009
Location: FL, USA
Age: 31
|2011-06-12, 02:40
|Link #44
Join Date: Mar 2011
Location: Trendy Backwater
Age: 33
Final Fantasy 9's first one I played and finished, so that would be my favourite. I played ff x and ff vi for quite a while but I found it too hard and the random battle was getting annoying, I gave up almost before the last boss.
Sure FF9 and Dragonball had a few similarities on the surface but that was it. FF9 had one of the most genuinely touching story and I felt every characters had recognisable personalities even the minor ones. It's kind of insulting in a way to compare it DBZ not the original one when they are completely different medium. It's a shame how far Square Enix came to now. For some reason, I'm not too fond of Tetsuya Nomura's character designs. It's all hip, funky and cool everytime that's why I didn't enjoy FF7. It was amusing for a while and quickly became boring.
|2011-06-12, 12:43
|Link #46
Join Date: Feb 2008
Location: Eden Hall
I like the cast, I like the music (next to X the best of the series imho), it has my favorite airship and my favorite summon design. I am also quite fond of the setting and detail put into it. You can easily miss a lot of things (Adel's messages on the screen in Timber for instance). Since I'm a sucker for romance I can't help but love it even more. Rinoa is just adorable, even if perhaps she is a but too adorable. The Ragnarok scenes are just HNNNNG.
Besides that I enjoy Triple Triad more than any other mini-game in the series.
It is however, as no game is, perfect.
The story, I think, is quite lacking considering the motives of the villain. Even if you replay the game and know that you-know-who is you-know-what by you-know-who and thus can read deeper into her statements it still misses a lot.
That and the beginning of Disc 2 is absolutely atrocious. Desert prison, the unending Winhill walk and the Rocket Base in succession? Oh my god.
The drawing and junctioning is annoying. You don't really need to draw given you know how the game works, but even then the junctioning is a nuisance, especially when you have to switch groups, again. It's also way too easy to break the game and eliminate any challenge.
If it wasn't for VIII I would probably name X my favorite, while I hate XIII and XII (good voice acting and side missions though) the most.
|2011-06-12, 13:27
|Link #47
Senior Guest
Join Date: Jan 2009
Location: Athens (GMT+2)
Age: 30
|2011-06-12, 20:03
|Link #48
Join Date: Feb 2008
Location: Eden Hall
That and the Faultwarren was simply atrocious game design.
|2011-06-12, 21:23
|Link #49
Senior Member
Join Date: Sep 2007
Age: 29
From all the FF games I played (haven't played I, II, V & Tactics) these are my fav:
X-2- I loved the battle system i had a lot of fun playing it, but the story was just>_> ...it ruins X imo & Yuna...i still like her but i love her in 10.
IX- I did like it, but it didn't feel as special for me as other FF... i don't know why...but for some reason i just wasn't attached to the world & characters as much as in other FF games...
III- Same as 9.
XII- ...First FF game that i didn't like much. I didn't like most of the characters besides Balthier, Fran, Ashe & Rasler(yup i thought he was cool ...& than he dies in the intro)
XIII- I actually like it. yeah it wasn't as good as the other FF games as it was missing few things i really liked about Final Fantasy....so I hope XIII-2 improves that. But i still enjoyed it & l love Lightning
|2011-06-13, 03:33
|Link #51
I find almost all of Final Fantasy games to be equally entertaining, but after FFX it went downhill for me. Anyway, my favorites would be VIII and VII, mostly because they are the first which I played and they threw me in JRPG genre that I'm so addicted to this day.
|2011-08-20, 22:12
|Link #53
~Official Slacker~
Join Date: Aug 2010
Location: Xanadu
Age: 25
Final Fantasy VII - Is my all time favorite simply because it was the very, very first game that I played when I first purchased the Playstation. Then I turned to Nintendo games after that
Final Fantasy X - Is going to be my second with Final Fantasy VIII falling behind it because I couldn't get enough time on 8 to fully enjoy it before I had to give it back to my friend. But I haven't really played that much Final Fantasy games, so that leaves X to be my 2nd FF game to finish
|2011-08-20, 22:42
|Link #54
Senior Member
Join Date: Oct 2008
Location: Quebec
Age: 27
FF VII, far from being perfect, but it's my first RPG (wrong, my first one is The Legend of Dragoon, but it's my first final fantasy). After I would put FF X because it's my second final fantasy.
And FF XII, even if it has a "bad" story, the gameplay is so much fun and the "almost" open world if sweet.
After that, I haven't played FF I to VI, VIII, IX, X-2, XI. And I haven't finish XIII (way to boring...)
|2011-08-21, 03:13
|Link #55
Black Steel Knight
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Indonesia
For me, its FF Tactics Advance. Love the battle and the jobs. The story is simple but not without substance. Also, the story/missions that appear after I finish the game is quite interesting too^^.
FF VI comes next^^.
|2011-08-21, 10:06
|Link #56
Join Date: Apr 2011
I'd say IX is my favourite. It was the first FF I ever played as a kid, and I still think it has the best soundtrack and setting amongst them. So much traditional fantasy and so little Sci-fi, just as I like them.
That said, I just finished FFVI the other day, and I really loved it. Kefka is so insane and the Opera scene just blew my mind, 16-bit style. Next one on the list is the FFIV remake for PSP, which I already caught a glimpse of and can say I really like the storyline.
Never played FFI, FFII or the online ones though, so I don't know about them.
|2011-08-21, 12:17
|Link #57
ダメ人 - 人間失格
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Germany
Age: 33
Final Fantasy IX was nice even though the german pal version used the deepest slangs on some characters >_< (bavarian regional slang isn't quite pleasant to read imho). Overall the game was pretty enjoyable. You have to love the playable moment with Beatrix! The drawback was the final, final boss who appeared out of nowhere and was very annoying without enough status protection. I know that many found him easy to beat, but I had on my first run a few difficulties.
Final Fantasy VI is one of my favorites. A great OST, Terra, Celes, Shadow, Mog. And casting double or quadruple Ultima is fun.
FF VIII: As a great fan of corny/clisché love stories I felt "at home" with it. The draw system wasn't that great imho even if you could become overpowered at the very start thanks to card transformations. Laguna's battle theme is still as catchy as ever.
|favorite series, final fantasy, jrpg, mmorpg, square enix
|Thread Tools


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Roman rule was followed by centuries of domination by successive foreign powers: Byzantine, Arab, Crusaders, Mamluk, Ottoman and British.
The Arab conquest of the Land came four years after the death of Muhammad (632) and lasted more than four centuries, with caliphs ruling first from Damascus, then from Baghdad and Egypt. At the outset, Jewish settlement in Jerusalem resumed, and the Jewish community was granted the customary status of dhimmi (protected non-Muslims), which safeguarded their lives, property, and freedom of worship, in return for payment of special poll and land taxes.
However, subsequent restrictions against non-Muslims (717) affected the Jews' public conduct as well as their religious observances and legal status. The imposition of heavy taxes on agricultural land compelled many to move from rural areas to towns, where their circumstances hardly improved, while increasing social and economic discrimination forced others to leave the country. By the end of the 11th century, the Jewish community in the Land had diminished considerably and had lost some of its organizational and religious cohesiveness.
7th century on the Temple Mount (Haram-esh-Sharif) in Jerusalem
(I. Sztulman)
For the next 200 years, the country was dominated by the Crusaders who, following an appeal by Pope Urban II, came from Europe to recover the Holy Land from the infidels. In July 1099, after a five-week siege, the knights of the First Crusade and their rabble army captured Jerusalem, massacring most of the city's non-Christian inhabitants. Barricaded in their synagogues, the Jews defended their quarter, only to be burned to death or sold into slavery.
During the next few decades, the Crusaders extended their power over the rest of the country, partly through treaties and agreements, but mostly by bloody military victories. The Latin Kingdom of the Crusaders was that of a conquering minority confined mainly to fortified cities and castles.
When the Crusaders opened up transportation routes from Europe, pilgrimages to the Holy Land became popular and, at the same time, increasing numbers of Jews sought to return to their homeland. Documents of the period indicate that 300 Rabbis from France and England arrived in a group, some settling in Acre (Akko), others in Jerusalem.
Following the overthrow of the Crusaders by a Muslim army under Saladin (1187), the Jews were again accorded a certain measure of freedom, including the right to live in Jerusalem. Although the Crusaders regained a foothold in the country after Saladin's death (1193), their presence was limited to a network of fortified castles.
Crusader authority in the Land ended after a final defeat (1291) by the Mamluks, a Muslim military class which had come to power in Egypt.
The Land under the Mamluks became a backwater province ruled from Damascus. Acre, Jaffa, and other ports were destroyed for fear of new crusades, and maritime as well as overland commerce was interrupted. By the end of the Middle Ages, the country's towns were virtually in ruins, most of Jerusalem was abandoned, and the small Jewish community was poverty-stricken.
The period of Mamluk decline was darkened by political and economic upheavals, plagues, locusts, and devastating earthquakes.
Following the Ottoman conquest in 1517, the Land was divided into four districts, attached administratively to the province of Damascus and ruled from Istanbul. At the outset of the Ottoman era, some 1,000 Jewish families lived in the country, mainly in Jerusalem, Nablus (Shechem), Hebron, Gaza, Safed (Tzfat) and the villages of Galilee. The community was comprised of descendants of Jews who had always lived in the Land, as well as immigrants from North Africa and Europe.
Orderly government, until the death (1566) of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, brought improvements and stimulated Jewish immigration. Some newcomers settled in Jerusalem, but the majority went to Safed where, by the mid-16th century, the Jewish population had risen to about 10,000, and the town had become a thriving textile center as well as the focus of intense intellectual activity.
During this period, the study of Kabbala (Jewish mysticism) flourished, and contemporary clarifications of Jewish law, as codified in the Shulhan Arukh, spread throughout the Diaspora from the houses of study in Safed.
With a gradual decline in the quality of Ottoman rule, the country suffered widespread neglect. By the end of the 18th century, much of the Land was owned by absentee landlords and leased to impoverished tenant farmers, and taxation was as crippling as it was capricious. The great forests of Galilee and the Carmel mountain range were denuded of trees; swamp and desert encroached on agricultural land.
The 19th century saw medieval backwardness gradually give way to the first signs of progress, with various Western powers jockeying for position, often through missionary activities. British, French, and American scholars launched studies of biblical archeology; Britain, France, Russia, Austria, and the United States opened consulates in Jerusalem. Steamships began to ply regular routes to and from Europe; postal and telegraphic connections were installed; the first road connecting Jerusalem and Jaffa was built. The Land's rebirth as a crossroads for commerce of three continents was accelerated by the opening of the Suez Canal.
Consequently, the situation of the country's Jews slowly improved, and their numbers increased substantially. By mid-century, overcrowded conditions within the walled city of Jerusalem motivated the Jews to build the first neighborhood outside the walls (1860) and, in the next quarter century, to add seven more, forming the nucleus of the new city. By 1870, Jerusalem had an overall Jewish majority. Land for farming was purchased throughout the country; new rural settlements were established; and the Hebrew language, long restricted to liturgy and literature, was revived. The stage was set for the founding of the Zionist movement.
Zionism, the national liberation movement of the Jewish people, derives its name from the word "Zion", the traditional synonym for Jerusalem and the Land of Israel. The idea of Zionism – the redemption of the
Jewish people in its ancestral homeland – is rooted in the continuous longing for and deep attachment to the Land of Israel, which have been an inherent part of Jewish existence in the Diaspora through the centuries.
Political Zionism emerged in response to continued oppression and persecution of Jews in Eastern Europe and increasing disillusionment with the emancipation in Western Europe, which had neither put an end to discrimination nor led to the integration of Jews into local societies. It found formal expression in the establishment of the Zionist Organization (1897) at the First Zionist Congress, convened by Theodor Herzl in Basel, Switzerland. The Zionist movement's program contained both ideological and practical elements aimed at promoting the return of Jews to the Land; facilitating the social, cultural, economic, and political revival of Jewish national life; and attaining an internationally recognized, legally secured home for the Jewish people in its historic homeland, where Jews would be free from persecution and able to develop their own lives and identity.
Inspired by Zionist ideology, two major influxes of Jews from Eastern Europe arrived in the country at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Resolved to restore their homeland by tilling the soil, these pioneers reclaimed barren fields, built new settlements and laid the foundations for what would become a thriving agricultural economy.
The new arrivals faced extremely harsh conditions: the attitude of the Ottoman administration was hostile and oppressive; communications and transportation were rudimentary and insecure; swamps bred deadly malaria; and the soil had suffered from centuries of neglect. Land purchases were restricted, and construction was banned without a special permit obtainable only in Istanbul. While these difficulties hampered the country's development, they did not stop it. At the outbreak of World War I (1914), the Jewish population in the Land numbered 85,000, as compared to 5,000 in the early 1500s.
In December 1917, British forces under the command of General Allenby entered Jerusalem, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule. The Jewish Legion, with three battalions comprising thousands of Jewish volunteers, was an integral unit of the British army.
In July 1922, the League of Nations entrusted Great Britain with the Mandate for Palestine (the name by which the country was then known). Recognizing the historical connection of the Jewish people with Palestine, Great Britain was called upon to facilitate the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine-Eretz Israel (Land of Israel). Two months later, in September 1922, the Council of the League of Nations and Great Britain decided that the provisions for setting up a Jewish national home would not apply to the area east of the Jordan River, which constituted three fourths of the territory included in the Mandate and eventually became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
Motivated by Zionism and encouraged by British sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations, as communicated by Foreign Secretary Lord Balfour (1917), successive waves of immigrants arrived in the Land between 1919 and 1939, each contributing to different aspects of the developing Jewish community. Some 35,000 who came between 1919 and 1923, mainly from Russia, strongly influenced the community's character and organization for years to come.
These pioneers laid the foundations of a comprehensive social and economic infrastructure, developed agriculture, established unique communal and cooperative forms of rural settlement – the kibbutz and moshav – and provided the labor force for building houses and roads.
The next influx of some 60,000, which arrived primarily from Poland between 1924 and 1932, was instrumental in developing and enriching urban life. These immigrants settled mainly in Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Jerusalem, where they established small businesses, construction firms, and light industry.
The last major wave of immigration before World War II, comprising some 165,000, took place in the 1930s following Hitler's rise to power in Germany. The newcomers, many of whom were professionals and academics, constituted the first large-scale influx from Western and Central Europe. Their education, skills, and experience raised business standards, improved urban and rural amenities, and broadened the community's cultural life.
The British Mandate authorities granted the Jewish and Arab communities the right to run their own internal affairs. Utilizing this right, the Jewish community, known as the Yishuv, elected (1920) a self-governing body based on party representation, which met annually to review its activities and elect the National Council (Vaad Leumi) to implement its policies and programs. Financed by local resources and funds raised by world Jewry, a countrywide network of educational, religious, health, and social services was developed and maintained. In 1922, as stipulated in the Mandate, a 'Jewish Agency' was constituted to represent the Jewish people vis-a-vis the British authorities, foreign governments, and international organizations.
Economic Development
During the three decades of the Mandate, agriculture was expanded; factories were established; new roads were built throughout the country; the waters of the Jordan River were harnessed for production of electric power; and the mineral potential of the Dead Sea was tapped.
The Histadrut (General Federation of Labor) was founded (1920) to advance workers' welfare and provide employment by setting up cooperatively-owned enterprises in the industrial sector as well as marketing services for the agricultural settlements.
Day by day, a cultural life was emerging which would become unique to the Jewish community in the Land of Israel. Art, music, and dance developed gradually with the establishment of professional schools and studios. Galleries and halls provided venues for exhibitions and performances attended by a discriminating public. The opening of a new play, the appearance of a new book, or a retrospective show by a local painter were immediately scrutinized by the press and became the subject of lively discussion in coffee houses and at social gatherings.
The Hebrew language was recognized as an official language of the country, alongside English and Arabic, and was used on documents, coins, and stamps, as well as for radio broadcasting. Publishing proliferated, and the country emerged as the world center of Hebrew literary activity. Theaters of various genres opened their doors to enthusiastic audiences, accompanied by first attempts to write original Hebrew plays.
Arab Opposition and British Restrictions
The Jewish national revival and the community's efforts to rebuild the country were strongly opposed by Arab nationalists. Their resentment erupted in periods of intense violence (1920, 1921, 1929, 1936-39), when unprovoked attacks were launched against the Jewish population, including the Hebron Massacre of 1929, as well as the harassment of Jewish transport, and the burning of fields and forests. Attempts to reach a dialogue with the Arabs, undertaken early in the Zionist endeavor, were ultimately unsuccessful, polarizing Zionism and Arab nationalism into a potentially explosive situation.
Recognizing the opposing aims of the two national movements, the British recommended (1937) dividing the country into two states, one Jewish and one Arab, to be linked by an economic union. The Jewish leadership accepted the idea of partition and empowered the Jewish Agency to negotiate with the British government in an effort to reformulate various aspects of the proposal. The Arabs were uncompromisingly against any partition plan.
Continuing large-scale Arab anti-Jewish riots led Britain (May 1939) to issue a White Paper imposing drastic restrictions on Jewish immigration, despite its consequence of denying European Jewry a place of refuge from Nazi persecution.
The start of World War II soon after caused David Ben-Gurion, later Israel's first prime minister, to declare: We will fight the war as if there were no White Paper, and the White Paper as if there were no war.
Three Jewish underground movements operated during the British Mandate period. The largest was the Haganah, founded in 1920 by the Jewish community as a defense militia to safeguard the security of the Jewish population. From the mid-1930s, it also retaliated following Arab attacks and responded to British restrictions on Jewish immigration with mass demonstrations and sabotage. The Etzel, organized in 1931, rejected the self-restraint of the Haganah and initiated independent actions against both Arab and British targets. The smallest and most militant group, the Lehi, was set up in 1940. The three organizations were disbanded with the establishment of the Israel Defense Forces in June 1948.
organization hiding rifles, 1947 (GPO/H.Pinn)
During World War II (1939-45), the Nazi regime deliberately carried out a systematic plan to liquidate the Jewish community of Europe, in the course of which some six million Jews, including 1.5 million children, were murdered. As the Nazi armies swept through Europe, Jews were savagely persecuted, subjected to torture and humiliation, and herded into ghettos, where attempts at armed resistance led to even harsher measures. From the ghettos they were transported to camps where a fortunate few were put to hard labor, but most were either shot in mass executions or put to death in gas chambers.
Not many managed to escape. Some fled to other countries, a few joined the partisans, and others were hidden by non-Jews who did so at risk of their own lives. Consequently, only one third, including those who had left Europe before the war, survived out of a population of almost nine million, which had once constituted the largest and most vibrant Jewish community in the world.
After the war, Arab opposition led the British to intensify their restrictions on the number of Jews permitted to enter and settle in the Land. The Jewish community responded by instituting a wide network of "illegal immigration" activities to rescue Holocaust survivors. Between 1945 and 1948, some 85,000 Jews were brought to the Land by secret, often dangerous routes, in spite of a British naval blockade and border patrols set up to intercept the refugees before they reached the country. Those who were caught were interned in detention camps on the island of Cyprus, or returned to Europe.
Jewish volunteers in World War II: Over 26,000 men and women of the Jewish community in the Land volunteered to join the British forces in the fight against Nazi Germany and its Axis allies, serving in the army, air force, and navy. In September 1944, following a prolonged effort by the Jewish Agency in the country and the Zionist movement abroad to achieve recognition of the participation of the Jews of Palestine in the war effort, the Jewish Brigade was formed as an independent military unit of the British Army, with its own flag and emblem. Comprised of some 5,000 men, the brigade saw action in Egypt, northern Italy and northwest Europe.
After the Allied victory in Europe (1945), many of its members joined the "illegal immigration" efforts to bring Holocaust survivors to the Land of Israel.
Britain's inability to reconcile the conflicting demands of the Jewish and Arab communities led the British government to request that the 'Question of Palestine' be placed on the agenda of the United Nations General Assembly (April 1947). As a result, a special committee was constituted to draft proposals concerning the country's future. On 29 November 1947, the Assembly voted to adopt the committee's recommendation to partition the land into two states, one Jewish and one Arab. The Jewish community accepted the plan; the Arabs rejected it.
Listen to UN vote
Following the UN vote, local Arab militants, aided by random volunteers from Arab countries, launched violent attacks against the Jewish community in an effort to frustrate the partition resolution and prevent the establishment of a Jewish state. After a number of setbacks, the Jewish defense organizations routed most of the attacking forces, taking hold of the entire area which had been allocated for the Jewish state.
On 14 May 1948, when the British Mandate came to an end, the Jewish population in the Land numbered some 650,000, comprising an organized community with well-developed political, social and economic institutions – in fact, a nation in every sense and a state in everything but name.