text:
Gloria Sarsgaard Pictures
A First Look at Maggie Gyllenhaal and Peter Sarsgaard's Daughter Gloria!
A First Look at Maggie Gyllenhaal and Peter Sarsgaard's Daughter Gloria!
Maggie Gyllenhaal brought her daughters, Ramona and Gloria, to visit her husband, Peter Sarsgaard, yesterday on the NYC set of Very Good Girls. Three-month-old Gloria was nestled against Maggie to check out the action. Maggie and Peter welcomed the little one back in the Spring on April 19.
The film was actually written by Maggie's mom Naomi Foner, who was seen watching a take with almost 6-year-old Ramona on her lap. Peter joined in on shooting with the movie's stars, Dakota Fanning and Elizabeth Olsen, who have been hard at work for much of the Summer. Making the film has become a real family effort — even Maggie's brother Jake Gyllenhall has been on the set.


text: Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is the U.S. Representative for Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, serving since 1999. He is a member of the Republican Party, and has been ranked among the party's most influential voices on economic policy.[1][2][3] Ryan has long been considered a possible running mate for the 2012 presumptive Republican presidential nominee, Mitt Romney,[4] with reports surfacing on August 10, 2012, that Romney had selected Ryan as his running mate.[5][6]

subset: commoncrawl


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Microsoft has continued to roll out the Windows Genuine Advantage program over the past few months. Many available downloads have been transitioned to requiring validation, and more are sure to follow.
But imagine my surprise when I went to download an MSDN video of the WinFX program manager describing the basics of the new technology, and was confronted with a validation warning. Why not just validate and download the file? Because I was using my Macintosh!
Microsoft has stated that they want to make certain value-added components available only to users of Genuine Windows. But do they really want to restrict their marketing materials? I'm not sure it's so smart to prevent programmers from learning about a new piece of development technology just because they happen to be running a Mac.


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All courses, arranged by program, are listed in the catalog. If you cannot locate a specific course, try the Advanced Search. Current class schedules, with posted days and times, can be found on the NOW/Student Dashboard or by logging in to SiS.
This course provides a detailed examination of the best known and most influential theories of crime causation. Topics include: theory construction, hypothesis testing, theory integration, and the links among theory, research, and policy.
An examination of the components of the criminal justice system and a review of the administration of federal, state and local criminal justice agencies, including a focus on criminal law and procedure.
A range of criminal justice management issues are addressed, including organizational structure, purpose, rewards and relationships, leadership and management styles, and the development of effective change strategies by criminal justice agencies. The complex role of the criminal justice manager in both the adult and juvenile justice system is emphasized.
Examines the various philosophies and theories of punishment and the distinct court structures and approaches to sentencing. Students will explore recent changes in sentencing policies and will study the social and economic costs of incarceration. We will examine sentencing disparities and their appropriateness based on offender and victim characteristics such as race and gender. Explores the debates regarding contemporary sentencing practices and investigates the increasing use of specialized courts and their effectiveness.
This course reviews the development of institutional corrections and the issues surrounding the punishment of criminals in secure settings. The course also surveys the management of correctional institutions, including custody, classification, reception, programming, release, staffing, scheduling, collective bargaining, prisoners' rights, and other related issues.
Examines the historical development of juvenile justice in the U.S., how the juvenile justice system operates, the rationale for treating juveniles differently from adults, and the extent of youth crime in the United States according to official statistics and self-report data.
Introduction to economic crime including nature, causes, consequence, investigation, and prevention. Empirical findings and major economic crime cases will also be examined.
An overview of the development and characteristics of violent offenders, some of whom will evolve to become criminal psychopaths. The class provides an analytical understanding of the unique characteristics of serial criminals and the methodologies used to commit their crimes.
This course applies psychological theories, principles, and research to issues of concern to the criminal justice system with a special focus on the intersection of the mental health and criminal justice systems.
The implications of criminal laws, criminal justice practices and programs. Focus on inequalities based on gender, race and class.
This course will look at safety, security and emergency management with regard to transportation operations; multi-modal transportation security threats, vulnerabilities, risk and strategies to mitigate and incident; and the security of supply chains and critical infrastructure. The course will use case studies to provide the student with the knowledge, skills, and abilities to effectively safeguard the movement of assets within interconnected transportation networks.
Pre-req: CRIM.5670 Overview of Homeland Security
This course will provide a broad introduction to the critical challenges of disaster management. The course will address past and present strategies for reducing and responding to hazards posed by both manmade and natural disasters. Emphasis will be placed on what we can learn from the history of disasters, and on how we can apply those lessons to the management of future events.
This course examines the evolution and contemporary nature of domestic terrorist threats and violent extremist movements that the U.S. has confronted over the past several decades. Special attention is focused on right-wing militias, religious extremists, racial supremacist/hate groups, and extreme environmental and animal rights groups. Students will also learn about political and socioeconomic factors that enable a terrorist group's ideological resonance, prison radicalization, the role of the Internet in mobilizing individuals toward violent behavior, and the legal and criminal justice dimensions of responses to terrorism.
This course examines a broad spectrum of terrorist groups and counterterrorism responses in over a dozen countries, including Colombia, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Northern Ireland/UK, Pakistan, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Turkey and Yemen. This comparative analysis will help students develop and understanding of patterns and trends within political violence (including radicalization, tactics, financing, targeting behavior, malevolent creativity, disengagement and de-radicalization) and the many different policies and strategies adopted by governments in response to terrorist threat.
The goal of this course is to enhance understanding and increase expertise regarding risk management and the impact of terrorism on economic and other critical infrastructures in the United States. The course will provide the tools (operational and statistical) and technology required to mitigate these risks. A second purpose of the course is to examine and critically discuss current and future methods to create best practices in security management.
The U.S. has embraced the homeland security monolith without a full understanding of what it encompasses. This course provides a comprehensive overview of homeland security and defense as undertaken in the United States since 9/11. The course critically examines the current body of knowledge with a specific focus on understanding security threats, sources, and reasons for these threats. The roles of the key players at the federal, state and local levels, the policies and procedures enacted since 9/11, and the homeland security system in practice are also examined.
This course examines the complex nature of key domestic and international security threats and responses. Topics include terrorism and insurgency, transnational organized crime, WMD proliferation, cyber-security, intelligence, national and homeland security strategies, critical infrastructure protection, and theories of international security.
A primary function of law enforcement is the gathering of information. However, information by itself does little to support the law enforcement mission. Intelligence, in the context of law enforcement, is the outcome of rigorous analysis of information, and often generates key decisions and/or guides tactical strategies that help facilitate the enforcement mission. This course examines the role of information and intelligence in defining and achieving the law enforcement mission. Problem solving tools such as SARA, and management tools like COMPSTAT, which rely heavily on both information and intelligence, are discussed. In a world now confronted by the threat of terrorism, the course examines the sharing/lack of sharing of information and intelligence among local law enforcement and federal agencies and the impact of this contentious relationship.
Students will examine the tradecraft of intelligence collection and analysis from various perspectives. Topics will include strategies, tactics, legal and ethical implications, sources, means, methods, limitations, covert action, methods of analysis, and case studies of prominent intelligence successes and failures in the last half century.
There is currently no description available for this course.
This course is designed to provide an overview of the past, present, and future role of intelligence in national security. The course addresses the development and institutional structure of intelligence organizations and explains their purpose, roles, responsibilities, and realms of authority. It also provides an overview on oversight and accountability of intelligence agencies, intelligence cultures, the impact of technology, the development of collection and analytic capabilities, and the iteraction between intelligence and policy. The course makes extensive use of case studies to examine incidents where intelligence played a significant role and the dilemmas in its application, primarily in the areas of national security and military policy.
This course is a rigorous introduction to statistical inference: probability theory, confidence intervals, and hypothesis tests. The course also covers regression analysis, which is developed in a non-technical way, with an emphasis on interpretation of regression results, using examples from recent research.
Research design is a graduate-level introduction to methodology as used in criminology/criminal justice. The course surveys the research design enterprise and covers a host of issues on the measurement and collection of data, and other procedures that influence whether a research study will lead the investigator to scientifically rigorous information. This course explains various strategies for devising social science studies, compares the relative benefits of various designs, and identifies the tools necessary to conduct studies that will yield data worthy of analysis and interpretation. This material will be valuable for students who will conduct research and administrators who must evaluate the research of others.
A detailed examination of methods of evaluating criminal justice programs. Focuses on both process and outcome evaluation.
This course is designed to support the professional development of doctoral students as they pursue a research-oriented graduate degree. Specific material will sensitize students to the expectations for the quality of their work, as well as enhance preparation for developing a research agenda, publishing scholarly manuscripts, seeking external funding, and navigating the job market. This course will also discuss topics relevant to preparing graduate students for teaching at the undergraduate level, including course development, lecture/activity planning, and classroom management.
The course examines contemporary criminological thought by assessing major theories that anchor the discipline of criminology. Also explores the causal structure of these theories, the level of analysis at which they reside, the assumptions that underlie them, their strengths and weaknesses, and their policy implications.
Pre-req: CRIM 501 Criminological Theory: Foundations, and CJC-PHD students only.
Exposes students to the major measurement methods for the incidence of crime and prevalence of criminals. Students will become versed in using data derived from any of the three primary sources of crime statistics: police-based measures (UCR, NIBRS), victim surveys (NCVS), and self-reports of criminal behavior (Monitoring the Future, National Youth Survey).
PhD Students only, or Instructor Permission.
This course examines the nature of the relationships among attributes and indices at the individual, situational, and aggregate levels to various forms of crime and systems of justice. The implications of criminal laws, criminal justice practices, and programs are examined with a focus on inequalities based on gender and race.
Examination of the interplay between gender, crime, and criminal justice. Since much of the information about crime and the criminal justice system is presented in relation to men, a course focused on women and crime fills a tremendous gap in the criminal justice discourse. The goal of this course is to provide an understanding o the unique ways that gender may affect crime and criminal justice experiences.
The course aims to provide advanced understanding of the various ways in which social scientists explain the manifestations of political violence, such as terrorism, insurgency, and political assassinations. Theories from the fields of political science, sociology, criminology, international relations, and economics will be introduced, and critically analyzed, to examine their utility in answering questions such as: How does violence differ from other types political action? When and why is violence employed in place of peaceful solutions to conflict? How is violence being rationalized? The course will force students to grapple with research from different disciplinary traditions, and with various methodologies, and in general, exercise an interdisciplinary approach.
This course examines and analyzes the various means by which society attempts to control criminal conduct. Social control encompasses both formal and informal mechanisms and a variety of institutions and social processes to deter inappropriate conduct, if possible, and/or punish and reform such conduct. Social control has evolved considerably over time and various social control philosophies and techniques have been prevalent at one time but not in others. Because social control is a response to inappropriate conduct, the course will also provide a brief introduction to the concepts of deviance and crime and the differential social control needs and priorities posed by different kinds of inappropriate conduct.
This course surveys the historical development and contemporary context of the use of criminal sanctions to combat the use of illicit drugs. The relationship between drug use/abuse and crime is explored. The course also provides a policy analysis of the alternative means available to deal with the drugs-crime issue (legalization, decriminalization, interdiction, tougher criminalization).
The course is an introduction to crime and the efforts to control crime through public policy. We explore the foundations of the policy-making process at the federal, state, and local levels. The course also considers broad theoretical applications pertaining to public opinion, national culture, and comparative analyses among Western democracies and their differing approaches to crime. This course employs a variety of learning tools, from roundtable discussions to policy cases.
This seminar examines the contemporary research literature in policing with a focus on the key research issues. Through a critical examination of the literature, students gain an understanding of the significant topic areas that have been pursued and develop an agenda for further research.
This seminar examines the contemporary research literature in adjudication and sentencing with a focus on the key research issues. Through a critical examination of the literature, students gain an understanding of the significant topic areas that have been pursued and develop an agenda for further research.
This seminar examines the contemporary research literature on institutional corrections with a focus on the key research issues. Through a critical examination of the literature, students gain an understanding of the significant topic areas that have been pursued and develop an agenda for further research.
This seminar examines the contemporary research literature concerning juvenile justice with a focus on the key research issues. Through a critical examination of the literature, students gain an understanding of the significant topical areas that have been pursued and develop an agenda for further research.
This course presents a detailed examination of current theory, research, and policy development in the field of community corrections, both nationally and internationally. Topic areas include sentencing, probation, parole, fines, community service, and intermediate sanctions (intensive supervision, house arrest/electronic monitoring, boot camps). Issues include the punishment vs. control argument, community justice models, special offender populations (drug offenders, sex offenders, mentally ill offenders, AIDS), and the cost effectiveness of community corrections.
This course examines the application of new technological advances in the criminal justice system. Topic areas include the new technology of crime commission, and the corresponding new technology of crime control strategies. Our focus will be on the application of both "hard" technology (e.g. equipment, hardware, devices, etc) and "soft" technology (e.g. computer software programs, information systems, classification devices, and other problem-solving applications) in each of the following areas: crime prevention, police, courts, institutional corrections, community corrections and the private sector.
This course critically examines one of the core concepts of criminology and criminal justice: change--at the individual, group, and organizational levels. There is a "brief history" of change in police, court, and correctional organizations, focusing primarily on major reform initiatives and change strategies introduced by criminal justice managers over the past fifty years (e.g. in policing--problem-oriented and broken windows policing, in the courts--federal mandatory sentencing and parole abolition, specialized courts, and in corrections--the new techno-prison, privatization of institutional and community corrections, control-oriented community supervision). For each part of the criminal justice system, we examine the major types of change strategies employed by criminal justice managers to implement major reforms: empirical rational, normative re-educative, and power coercive strategies.
This course examines the study of crime victims and of the patterns, impact, and formal responses to criminal victimization. Particular attention is given to research issues such as measurement of victimization, fear of crime and related measures, and conducting research with victimized populations, as well as discussion of current issues in the field of Victimology. Substantive topics may include theories of victimization, the overlap between victims and offenders, social-psychological and other impacts of victimization on primary and secondary victims, media coverage of victimization, and evaluation of prevention and intervention programs for victims (criminal justice system based programs and others).
An examination of the nature and extent of intimate partner violence and an analysis of the causes and consequences of violence between partners as well as the latest research regarding the criminal justice response.
Introduction to empirical findings and theoretical perspectives concerned with the maltreatment of children and youth. Includes an examination of prevalence rates, risk factors, consequences, and system responses.
This course is designed to address a broad range of topics relevant to criminal behavior and the development of the so called criminal personality. Factors that are considered to influence the evolution of criminal mentality are examined and the laws and the past and current response of the criminal justice system to repeat offenders are explored.
The course focuses on how and why individuals with serious mental illness become involved in the criminal justice system, and on how the criminal justice and public mental health systems respond to that involvement. Topics include law enforcement responses, court-based strategies, mental health and corrections, community supervision of individuals with mental illness, violence and mental disorder, and unique challenges associated with female and juvenile populations.
This course examines the nature of sex offenses as well as the mind of the sex offender, and focuses on motives, possible victims, and rehabilitation. The responses of the mental health and criminal justice systems are examined and the effectiveness of those responses is assessed.
This course provides an in-depth analysis of the causes, context, and control of a wide range of violent crimes. Topics covered in this class include: Murder, rape, robbery, assault, and violence in the helping professions, the workplace, school, gang violence, cult violence, and institutional violence. For each form of violence, we examine issues related to(1) the extent of the problem, characteristics of the crime, victim, and offender, (2) causation, (3) crime prevention, and (4)crime control strategies.
A survey of the nature and extent of criminal homicide. There will be five main components: statutory definitions of homicide; theories of homicide; homicide rates over time and across jurisdictions; trends and patterns in homicide characteristics; and cross-cultural comparisons. Homicide is an important topic in criminology for three reasons: (1) it is the crime of greatest severity in any penal code; (2) it is a fairly reliable barometer of all violent crime; and (3) at a national level, no other crime is measured as accurately, precisely, and comprehensively.
An introduction to the study of gang problems in the U.S. by exploring the nature of gangs, including issues such as defining gangs, types of gangs, female gang involvement, etc. The course also examines theory and methods of understanding gangs and the group process of gangs and investigates the criminal involvement of gangs, focusing on gang members' Involvement in extortion, drugs, violence, and other crimes. Also examines programs for social intervention and law enforcement, and policy issues.
This course introduces the concept of white collar crime as an area of scientific inquiry and theory formation. It critically examines the latest scholarship on the subject by looking at white collar crime from a multiplicity of perspectives and reference points, ranging from a focus on the offense, offender, legal structure, organizational structure, individual and organizational behavior, to victimization and guardianship, with special attention on the interaction between these components. The course also pays special attention to definitional issues, typologies of white collar crime, and assesses the nature, extent and consequences of white collar crime nationally and internationally. To enhance the understanding of white collar crime in today's IT development and society, the course will pay a special attention to roles of information and technology and E-commerce within white collar crime. Finally, the course examines current criminal justice system efforts at controlling white collar crime.
This course examines the dynamics of substance abuse, the interrelationship between substance abuse and crime, and the use of both criminal and civil law to deal with the problems posed by substance abuse.
This course examines the concept of the "Criminal career" By examining the scholarly progression through which this term has evolved. We will investigate three main venues: (1) the research that originated in the early 1900's at the University of Chicago (Shaw and Sutherland); (2) the work of the Gluecks between 1930 and 1957; and (3) the two Philadelphia Birth Cohort Studies. These three research venues are largely responsible for the origin and sustenance of the criminal career paradigm in criminology.
Pre-req; CRIM 602 Nature & Extent of Crime & Criminals, and CRIM 603 Gender, Race, and Crime.
Examines contemporary research on the "criminal career paradigm" which has dominated criminological research over the past 20 to 25 years. Despite a widely held belief that this area of inquiry has been significant, desirable, worthwhile, etc., there have been a number of polemical publications that have spawned a debate over the yield attained through criminal career research on the one hand, and the value of or necessity for a longitudinal approach to studying criminal behavior on the other. These debates will be examined and the nature of contemporary inquiry into criminal careers will be examined.
Pre-req: CRIM 654 Ellite Deviance and White Collar Crime.
This course will examine the history and evolving nature of the relationship between technology, crime, and security, with a particular focus on legitimate and illegitimate Internet commerce, and cyber criminal methodologies and techniques. We will study major issues in cyber security including criminal and state-sponsored hacking; data, intellectual property, and identity theft; financial and personal data security; cyber-terrorism; tools and methods used to exploit computer networks, and strategies to protect against them; and new and emerging technologies. This course will be taught specifically for non-computer science majors, although students with computer science backgrounds are welcome for the experiences that they can bring to the class discussions.
This course examines the impact of global issues on crime and justice and the intersection of social control and human rights approaches to crime. The course interweaves readings, lectures and discussion of justice and law; security and safety; socio-economic development; and comparative cultures and institutions in an examination of the impact of globalization, migration, labor exploitation, war and transnational agendas on the construction of crime, the development and control of criminal opportunity structures, and legal/ justice system responses. It examines the complex interactions between global context, human rights and social control approaches to crime. Topics include human trafficking; children and war; refugees and migration; and transnational crime in a global economy.
This course provides a comprehensive, global assessment of the use/misuse of prisons and jails in North America (U.S. focus), and in other parts of the world, including selected countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America. A broad range of topics are compared among U.S. and global policies and practices. Topics include: (1) who goes to prison and why; (2) sentencing disparity and sentencing reform movements; (3) prison life and prison organization; (4) prison classification; (5) inmate, staff, and management culture; (6) prison violence and disorder; (7) treatment programs; (8) the links between prison culture and community culture; (9) the prospects for offender change; and (10) offender reentry.
This course explores the threats that weapons of mass destruction (WMD) pose to the U.S. and its interests along with the strategies to meet those threats. The course will examine the technical aspects, history, and contemporary threat of each category of weapon Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear followed by a critical analysis of U.S. and global efforts to limit access to these weapons and prohibit their production, proliferation and use. The course will also review some aspects of WMD attack response, recovery, and mitigation.
Illicit economic activities are a global phenomenon with local impact. This course will examine the threat that global trafficking poses to a nation's security, political stability, economic development, and social fabric. The lessons in this advanced graduate-level seminar are organized around the trafficking activities of greatest concern to the United Nations, Interpol, IAEA and other international agencies' as well as to the U.S. Departments of State, Defense, Justice, and Homeland Security.
This course will explore the dynamics of terrorist networks and will equip students with an understanding of the drivers of terrorist network formation, development and disintegration. The course will also provide students with knowledge and understanding of how, why and when networks expand, affiliate, and occasionally splinter. And finally, students will be guided through the applicability of network theory and analysis to the design of hypothetical operational responses and contingency planning surrounding the disruption or containment of terrorist networks.
Pre-req; CRIM.5720 Terrorism/Counter-Terrorism (CRIM 5490).
This course examines the complex nature of key domestic and international security threats and how nations respond to them. While the traditional focus of security studies has been the phenomenon of war, the past two decades have seen tremendous growth and expansion of the field. Some scholars have studied the threat, use and control of military force, while others have studied various forms of political violence such as terrorism, organized crime, and insurgency or armed rebellion. Research in this field also incorporates scholarship on the politics of defense and foreign policymaking, traditional theories of international relations, comparative analysis of national and regional case studies, ethics and morality of security policies, and transnational issues like arms trafficking, piracy, and the proliferation of materials and technology for weapons of mass destruction. Overall, the study of national and international security has evolved into a complex, interdisciplinary field, as demonstrated on the list of journals and websites provided on the last page of this syllabus. Each lesson in this course draws on a large and diverse body of readings, including academic journal articles, government reports, and original source materials.
In this required course for the MS in Security Studies program, students will take this course to learn all about the efforts in the public and private sector to design new sensors, scanner, and the general role of science and technology in homeland and national security.
This course examines the formulation and implementation of U.S. national strategies for combating terrorism, protecting critical infrastructure, and preventing the proliferation of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons or materials that could be used by terrorists. Students will develop an understanding of the structure and operations of key federal agencies, state and local fusion centers, and examine the political, legal, moral and ethical issues of countering modern terrorism threats.
Pre-req: CRIM.571 (CRIM 5490) Domestic Terrorism and Violence Extremism, or CRIM.572 (CRIM 5710) Comparative Terrorism and Counterterrorism. or Permission of Instructor.
This course will offer an in-dept examination of one more special topics within the field of terrorism. Examples include terrorist psychology, the use of women and children by terrorist groups, models of successful hostage negotiation or the use of social network analysis to understand the evolving nature of a terrorist threat. Students should consult with their advisor and the program director before registering for this course.
A comprehensive examination of a current issue in criminal justice.
This course is designed as an independent study of a subject not offered in the standard curriculum.
Special topics classes are used to address timely issues that do not fit into the regular course offerings.
Pre-Req: Graduate level or Instructor permission.
This course focuses on statistical methods that are useful in the investigation of hypotheses in the social sciences and the analysis of public policies and programs. The bulk of the course is a detailed examination of the bivariate and multiple regression models estimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), with an emphasis on constructing regression models to test social and economic hypotheses. Several special topics in regression analysis are addressed as well, including violations of OLS assumptions and the use of dummy variables, and interaction effects. Throughout, examples are dawn from the literature so students can see the models and methods in action.
Pre-req: CRIM.5900 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, and CJC-PHD students only.
This course focuses on measurement and data development strategies and techniques to facilitate effective statistical analysis. Topics include the logic of causal inquiry and inference, the elaboration paradigm and model specification, handling threats to internal validity, hierarchies of design structure (experimental, quasi-experimental and non-experimental), linking design structure to affect estimation strategies, and analyzing design elements in published literature. Students will select a research topic in consultation with the instructor and prepare a written comparative design analysis.
Pre-req: CRIM.591 Research Design, and CJC-PHD Students only.
This course designed to increase students' knowledge and understanding of the design and process of qualitative research in criminology. The material covered in this course includes the nature and uses of qualitative research; the design of qualitative research; grounded theory and the use of qualitative research to advance new theories and critically evaluate tenants or assumptions of widely held explanations of criminal behavior and justice system functioning; and the ethics of qualitative research. Qualitative research methodologies including ethnography, case studies, participant observation, interviewing, content analysis, and life history narrative / life course analysis will be studied. Students will develop and initiate their own qualitative research and learn first-hand about the conduct of such research, the sequencing of data collection, data analysis, and more data collection. Students will learn the uses of computer assisted software programs designed to assist qualitative data analysis.
Pre-req: CRIM 591 Research Design.
This course exposes students to the use of survey methods in social science research. Emphasis is placed on interview and questionnaire techniques and the construction and sequencing of survey questions as well as the use of Likert and Thurstone sales. Attention is also devoted to sampling theory, sampling designs, and sampling and non-sampling errors.
This course examines the use of new technologies to analyze crime patterns and develop crime prevention strategies. Students study theories that explain the geographic distribution of crime and learn how to use Geographic Information Systems to study crime in ways that draw upon theory as well as how to apply GIS techniques in the law enforcement and corrections fields.
An examination of the methods and techniques of evaluation research. Evaluation research includes the issues that characterize the generic research enterprise. In addition to the usual research concerns and problems, evaluation research must also address problems that are unique to determining whether a program, treatment, law, or policy, has had the desired effect when implemented in practice. This task is especially problematic with social policy contexts. The agenda for the course has two main components. First, the course will concern the structural features of designing and conducting a program evaluation. The second component will be an analysis of actual program evaluations in the literature.
Under faculty supervision, students in the MS in Security Studies program will design a science or technology-related project that demonstrates mastery in a subject relevant to security. Examples could include chemical or biological sensors, computer firewall intrusion detection system, baggage scanners, signals interception device, etc.
This course is the first of a 2-part culminating capstone experience for students in the MA in Security Studies program at UMass Lowell. Incorporating the tools learned in 44.591: Research Design and Methods, students are required to design a research question, gather and analyze information, and write a Master's level research paper of at least 50 pages on a topic of their choosing related to security studies. The design of the 2-course capstone sequence emphasizes independent research and writing, thus required class periods are kept to a minimum.
This course represents the culminating capstone experience for students in the MA in Security Studies program at UMass Lowell. Incorporating the tools learned in CRIM.5900, Research Design and Methods, students are required to design a research question, gather and analyze information, and write a Masters level research paper of at least 50 pages on a topic of their choosing related to security studies. Students will provide drafts of their paper to their faculty supervisor periodically during the semester, and the final version will be submitted for grading on the basis of quality research and writing.
This course is the culminating, final core requirement for the Masters in Criminal Justice. In this course, students will write an integrative research paper (generally 50-6- pages in length, double---spaced) on a topic of their choosing within the realm of criminal justice. By integrative, we mean you are expected to draw upon material you have covered in several of the courses in this program, including (but not limited to) Administration of Criminal Justice, Criminological Theory: Foundations, Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, Research Design, Managing Criminal Justice Organizations, or Law & Public Policy. You may enroll in this course at the same time as on of your elective courses, but it is assumed that you have already completed all requirements for the Masters in Criminal.
This is the first part of a two-semester sequence in which students develop a plan and a template for the conduct of the various stages of the doctoral dissertation. Topics include: theoretical foundations, hypothesis development, sampling design, construct measurement, data collection, and analysis of quantitative or qualitative data.
Pre-req: Advanced PhD Standing, and CJC-PHD Students only.
This is the second part of a two-semester sequence in which students develop a plan and a template for the conduct of the various stages of the doctoral dissertation. Topics include: theoretical foundations, hypothesis development, sampling design, construct measurement, data collection, and analysis of quantitative or qualitative data.
Direct supervision with a dissertation advisor (3 credits).
Pre-Req: Advanced PhD standing.
Direct supervision with a dissertation advisor (6 credits).
Direct supervision with a dissertation advisor (9 credits).
This course focuses on describing and understanding how research and evidence-based analysis helps us to understand, explain and predict changes in terrorist behavior. The course makes use of case studies to illustrate quantitative and qualitative research methods, and to approach research questions on terrorism from multiple levels of analysis. The course will also examine successful examples of interdisciplinary research and will help students navigate the pathway from theoretically informed research on terrorism to policy and practitioner-relevant counter-terrorism.
Direct supervision with a dissertation advisor (1 credit).
Criminal Justice PhD Students Only, Pre-Req:CRIM703, or CRIM706 or CRIM709.
This course is an accelerated version of the CRIM 701/702 sequence. It is suitable for students who have already acquired the data for their doctoral thesis research and thus can accomplish the plan and template for the conduct of the various stages of the doctoral dissertation in one semester. Topics include: theoretical foundations, hypothesis development, sampling design, construct measurement, data collection, and analysis of quantitative or qualitative data. Prerequisite: Doctoral Candidacy in Criminology.
The estimation of empirical models is essential to public policy analysis and social science research. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis is the most frequently used empirical model, and is appropriate for analyzing continuous dependent variables that meet certain distributional assumptions. This course examines several types of advanced regression models for dependent variables that violate one or more of the assumptions of the OLS regression model. For example, some dependent variables may be categorical, such as pregnant or not, employed or not, etc. Other dependent variables may be truncated or censored, such as contributions to an individual retirement account that are limited by law to certain dollar amounts. Still others may be counts of things, like the number of children born to a given woman or the number of traffic accidents on a given day. The principal models examined in the course are binary logit and probit, multinomial logit, ordinal logit and probit, tobit, and the family of Poisson regression models. The Heckman correction for selection and Event History Analysis are also addressed. All these models are estimated using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). The course focuses on the application and interpretation of the models, rather than statistical theory.
Pre-req: Crim.690 Advanced Regression Analysis and PhD students only.
This course is an introduction to structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM represents a general approach to the statistical examination of the fit of a theoretical model to empirical data. Topics include observed variable (path) analysis, latent variable models (e.g., confirmatory factor analysis), and latent variable SEM analyses.
Pre-Req: CRIM 6900 Advanced Regression Analysis.
Criminological research often involves the study of change over time in both individuals and groups. Analyzing such over time poses a number of methodological and statistical challenges, however, and these must be addressed to derive valid inferences from data analysis. This course will examine several techniques that are appropriate for such analyses. These include the family of univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques collectively known as "survival" or "event history analysis" that are appropriate for studying processes such as recidivism and length of time individuals spend in various programs. The course will also describe zero-inflated Poisson trajectory and latent growth curve models, as well as multilevel models for change. Emphasis will be on application as opposed to theory.
Pre-req: Crim.6900 Advanced Regression Analysis and PhD students only.
Criminologists are often confronted with datasets containing numerous variables resulting from surveys and archival data extraction. It is advantageous to reduce the number of variables while still maintaining the integrity of the measurement of crucial concepts. Factor analysis is a valuable statistical technique for reducing the number of variables and detecting possible underlying structure (s) in the relationships among variables. This course will examine major factor analytic techniques such as Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) designed to find underlying unobservable (latent) variables that are reflected in the observed variables or manifest variables. In addition the course will examine the various factor rotation procedures commonly used to ensure that the derived factors or dimensions are orthogonal and do not either introduce multi-collinearity problems or exacerbate collinearity issues already present in the data.
This course covers multilevel statistical models, which are increasingly being used in the social sciences to analyze clustered data. The course will introduce students to the theory and concepts of multilevel model and will address both the statistical and theoretical advantages to using multilevel models to analyze clustered data. The course will largely take an applied approach, meaning that it is designed to prepare students for putting the techniques covered in the course to use in a "real world" context. As such, course lectures and assignments will cover a range of relevant issues, including data acquisition, data exploration, estimation of multilevel models with statistical software, and reporting of results from multilevel analyses.
This course is designed to train graduate students in qualitative research methods in criminology and criminal justice, using an applied and collaborative approach. Students in the course will activity engage in designing and collecting data for a primary research project. The collaborative project will best fit, to the extent possible each students' research interests. Data collection will be a joint effort, with each student in the course responsible for collecting data and conducting analysis, the merged dataset will be utilized by each student to develop an independent research paper on a specific topic pertinent to the project's larger research goals.
Pre-req: CRIM.6920 Qualitative Research Methods, or permission of instructor.


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In the second installment of the Battle of the Billys, Texas A&M plays at Texas Tech tonight, and the Aggies' Billy Kennedy could really use his point guard about right now.
"(Tech) is playing three guards now and doing a better job of taking care of the ball," Kennedy said. "Dash Harris was a big key to why we beat Tech (in College Station). He did a great job of getting them out of their offense. They turned the ball over a bunch, and offensively he got us some easy buckets."
That won't be the case tonight in Lubbock, because Harris likely will miss his sixth consecutive game with a foot injury. The Aggies don't have any other scholarships point guards following the transfer of Jamal Branch.
"We thought Dash would be back by now, but the pain … he has a bruised bone in his foot, so it's a little more severe than we thought," Kennedy said. "It's going to take time to get him going again."
Meanwhile Billy Gillispie's Tech squad is coming off its first Big 12 victory, 65-47 over Oklahoma. The Aggies are 12-12 and 3-9, while the Red Raiders are 8-16 and 1-9.
"We've got rebuild this program more so than I thought in a lot of areas, and it's going to take a couple of recruiting classes," Kennedy said. "These guys are battling and doing what they can do, it's just not at a championship level. That's the reality."
The Aggies won the first game against Gillispie, A&M's ex coach, 67-54 on Jan. 14. Tonight's game from United Spirit Arena tips at 6 p.m. on ESPN2.


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CBF has been working on farm stewardship projects in the Antietam Creek watershed for more than 15 years, fencing cattle out of streams and restoring stream side forest buffers. Orcino Farms is one of those projects. The farm is converting over 100 acres of cornfields to permanent pasture to establish a rotational grazing operation for beef cattle. The water well, water troughs, and cattle stream exclusion fencing are under construction.
CBF and volunteers planted more than 1,200 trees on six acres along Little Antietam in the spring. Come help us with the final stages of restoring the floodplain by planting 1,000 native trees and shrubs.
Project Partners include the Washington County Soil Conservation District, Antietam- Conococheague Watershed Alliance, the Antietam Fly Fishers and Hood College.


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Everyday a large amount of traffic comes to my website from women searching for "how to get a man to pay your bills". I honestly have no idea how that happens because I've never written anything on that topic to my knowledge. I've written quite a bit and I really can't remember everything I've ever written, so it may be a combination of the words resulting in the hits. Well, due to supply and demand, I decided to give a quick lesson on the subject.
Here's how you get a man to pay your bills!
1. Don't have any bills.
If you're deep in financial debt in this economy, and you meet a man who also has financial responsibilities, the likelihood that he will want to pay your bills is very slim. Single men have bills also, even if they don't have children. The only single men without bills are most likely living in their parent's basement or still sleeping in the room they grew up in. That man can't pay anyone's bills or he'd have his own house. And let's be honest, if you were already dating the wealthiest caliber of men to begin with, you wouldn't be looking for a man to pay your bills in the first place.
2. Don't ask a man to pay your bills.
Men look at women who ask for them to pay their bills as gold diggers. And that's me being nice. Men actually call women who ask them to pay their bills garden tools. Here's the thing, if you have something you can't afford, a man doesn't view it as his responsibility to make sure you keep it, particularly if you're just "some chick" he met at the club, at the party, or even at church. Living above your means is not anyone's problem but yours. So if you can't afford that house, car, jewelry, those purses or shoes you covet, you may need to stop buying them or downsize until you can.
3. Don't be a side chick.
In this society, the side chick gets nothing because she doesn't know what her role is and has allowed herself to become over saturated. The over saturation of anything depletes its value. Therefore, the side chick (also referred to as the "jump off", mistress or other woman) is no longer a commodity or convenience for a man to have. As a result, the smartest men will either elect to stay single, so they can date whomever they want, or get married and remain as faithful as possible. Smart men know that having a side chick is not worth losing everything they've worked for, no matter how beautiful she is or how good the sex is. The side chick is not likely to ever become his wife either, even if he does lose his marriage because of her. Plus, in this economy, unless a man is very wealthy (like Richard Branson wealthy), the wife isn't necessarily going to divorce him. She may very well remain married to him and make his life miserable for as long as she feels like it. Either way, the wife gets everything.
4. Become the wife.
Like I already said, the wife gets everything. The type of man who would pay a woman's bills wants a woman who has proven herself to be loyal, outside of his wallet and bank account. She has had his back and held him down and when needed, she has also held him up. One example of this is seen in President and First Lady Obama. The woman a man of substance marries has been his motivating factor, his muse and his best friend. She may not be the mother of his children. She may not be the most beautiful woman in the world. She may not even be the smartest light bulb in the box. However, she has been his ego stroke when he needed it, and the necessary reality check when his ego got out of control. She has encouraged him more than she has belittled him. When he gets sick, she not only takes care of him, but she'll make sure his business doesn't fall to nothing by calling his supervisor and his doctor. That woman who made him feel better, stronger and taller than he's ever felt before is the woman he will marry. And that man will pay her bills.
5. Be independent.
The only thing worse than a woman who walks around saying she doesn't need a man, is a woman who is needy and can't live without a man in her life. Men who pay bills, like women who have joy and purpose in their lives without needing a man around. A man wants to know that if something tragic were to happen to him (death, dismemberment or illness), that woman can take care of the kids, the house, the cars and the dog, without having to move another man in the very next day. If you can't do anything for yourself, if you can't go anywhere by yourself, if you have to always have a man's attention to feel good about yourself, you will never get a man to pay your bills. You might be nice to look at, have sex with, go to the club with, but you aren't going to be the woman who gets that man to pay her bills without being considered a garden tool in the process. When a man of substance opens his wallet, he likes to feel like a man while doing it; not like customer number 9.
6. Establish standards and goals that have nothing to do with getting a man to pay your bills.
This is highly essential in your pursuit. If your only standard is a man who will pay your bills and getting such a man is your primary focus and goal for a relationship, you might attain that…but at a cost. There's a big difference between a man with money and a man who is chivalrous. A man could have all the money in the world. He could drive an expensive car, live in an expensive house, wear expensive clothes and have all the expensive toys he could ever dream of having. That does not mean that he is going to spend his money on you and your bills. In my experience, some of these same men are very insecure and selfish with their money. They don't mind spending it on themselves and will do so at anytime, but the minute they meet you, they become afraid of letting you near their bank accounts. That's because they didn't grow up with money. They are what is considered "new money" or first generation money. Whatever they have financially, they had to either work extremely hard for it, won the lottery or did something illegal to attain it. Therefore, giving it up isn't easy for them. And if you manage to get them to give you their money, you now become their property. It's a lot better to have a man who is chivalrous. A man who is chivalrous believes that his role in his WIFE'S life is to be a provider and he will spend money to make her smile, because he works hard, in every way, for her: he put in time and energy to meet her, court her and has invested his emotions into her. He cares for her and wants the two of them to have a good relationship. Buying gifts, paying bills, and so-on, are something he considers to be a part of who he is as a man in that particular woman's life. He does so willingly, not by manipulation. Instead, develop personal goals and standards that will attribute to you building your own wealth and being able to pay your own bills. Upgrade yourself and your lifestyle by yourself. If your idea of traveling is going to Chicago for the weekend, you can't expect to meet a man who has lived in Italy and speaks fluent Italian. You might have to actually go to Italy for that. Which means you need to have your own money. If you work harder at improving your financial situation without the aid of a man, your overall life will improve tremendously, and so will the caliber of men you meet. You attract what you are.
This may not have been the advice you were searching for when you Googled, however, I don't write, or speak to people just to tell them what they want to hear. That's counterproductive. It only results in people continuing to do the same thing expecting different results. I tell people the truth, whether they like it or not. You don't have to take my advice or adjust your mindset. It won't change my life one bit if you don't. However, if you pay attention, and look at yourself hard and long, take my words and put them into practice, it might change YOUR life for the better.
~ When you know better, you do better.


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Water SA
versão On-line ISSN 1816-7950
versão impressa ISSN 0378-4738
Water SA vol.34 no.6 Pretoria Jan. 2008
Integrated water resource management (IWRM): lessons from implementation in developing countries#
Eiman Karar*
Water Research Commission, Private Bag X3, Gezina 0031, Pretoria, South Africa
This special edition of Water SA consists of a selection of papers presented at the International Conference on Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) entitled: Lessons from Implementation in Developing Countries which took place from the 10th to the 12th March 2008, in South Africa (The Cape Town International Convention Centre). This Conference was jointly organised by the Water Research Commission of South Africa, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry UNESCO-IHP (International Hydrological Programme) Focal Point (South Africa), the Water Institute of Southern Africa, CapNet, IWMI, CIRAD, University of Pretoria, and GWP Southern Africa.
Through its two days of parallel sessions this Conference aimed to deal with strategic themes, viz. 'Water and Society', 'Water and the Economy', 'Water and the Environment' and 'Water for Growth and Development' to encourage round-table debates where the main focus areas were on The Enabling Environment, Institutional Roles and Management Instruments, that guided the knowledge sharing of outcomes which ultimately led to the sharing of experiences and debating the latest developments in the field.
The main objectives of the conference were to:
Canvass the understanding of what IWRM actually means amongst participating countries
Collect information on the level of preparedness in developing countries for the implementation of IWRM, such as a development of formal legal instruments on IWRM, financial allocations, training, capacity building and the required infrastructure for regional IWRM implementation
Establish an understanding of the challenges facing the implementation of IWRM in developing countries
Assess progress with the implementation of IWRM, with special focus on developing countries and to identify major remaining challenges.
This conference was of importance to South Africa marking 10 years into its new water law implementation. The significance is even greater when the region and the entire continent are facing challenges of escalating demands on water resources; global climate change causing current and foreseeable uncertainties, to state but a few. The discourse on water resource management has sufficiently moved in recent years from the conceptual into the practical implementation realms. Short-comings, limitations and unrealistic expectations poured in from the experiences in developing countries and the general feeling was that there is more substance worth sharing to enhance progress in implementation. The convergence of conclusions alludes to the fact that although the desired outcome might be similar, the approaches can vary tremendously. Whilst most countries in the world are endorsing IWRM as an instrument to cope with these challenges, it was felt that the time was suitable to take stock to assess progress and share lessons that can have bearings on future discourse in the region, continent or maybe in all the developing nations. From the conference inputs, it is felt that IWRM as a tool has stood the test of time and proved relevant in providing a framework which is flexible enough to accommodate all local variations; environmental, social, political and economic.
The conference was attended by more than 400 participants converging from about 30 countries around the world, most of whom are IWRM practitioners, members of academia, policy makers and students largely from developing countries. The former Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry Prof Kader Asmal, graced the conference and reminded the audience that 'reforming water law in South Africa was a process that needed due time and thought, and it took over three years for the National Water Act to come into law. It had the advantage of being able to assess policies and practices and outcomes elsewhere in the world; to engage with many top professionals and to give effect to the progressive vision of the new democracy'. He went on 'I hear talk of implementation fatigue, coupled with capacity constraints, in terms of integrated water resource management. We cannot doubt the political will and determination to succeed in this endeavour. Water resources have to be managed. If this is not done in an integrated manner, then it is obvious that water management will be undermined. Integrated management is indeed difficult. Co-operative governance is indeed difficult. We all know about the complexities of understanding social and opportunity costs, and cumulative and synergistic impacts. But most of humankind's failings have at their heart a failure to consider options holistically. It must of course be acknowledged that the commitment to implementation, and the critical investment in capacity building, will determine the extent to which policy becomes practice' (Asmal, 2008, Appendix).
The programme of the conference was designed to allow for the sharing of diverse views on IWRM as a framework from implementation examples, findings and lessons to share. A renowned water laureate, Prof Asit K. Biswas, was an invited speaker considered to be an opponent to IWRM. It is important to engage with such renowned specialists especially when they have access to many nations' political leaderships. Hence, it was important to engage with Prof Biswas on a debate to objectively identify the source of his concerns; is it the IWRM acronym, the IWRM proponents themselves or the IWRM concept and framework contents. Also invited to the conference was a GWP regional spokesperson, Mr Jean Boroto, as an IWRM proponent as well as other speakers bringing the practitioners' views on IWRM. The conference was meant to put IWRM under the microscope by dealing with the building blocks of the concept bringing out the contested issues and ending up in convergence when the divergent views were dealt with objectively and meaningfully to take the discourse forward.
According to the organizers, the conference turned out to be a great success as far as sharing of experiences was concerned. Unfortunately, no convergence of views took place as anticipated. Moreover, in the International Journal of Water Resources Development, Sept 2008 issue, Prof AK Biswas (Biswas, 2008) claims that, after a long isolation in Apartheid, South Africa is now jumping on the band-wagon and that all but 1% of the 400 participants to the international conference on IWRM have decided that 'the country's water problems can be exclusively solved by the magic wand of IWRM, irrespective of any understanding of what is meant by IWRM, what issues should be integrated and by whom, how can IWRM be measured, or whether IWRM has been '. It is surprising that Prof AK Biswas managed to acquire such rounded conclusions when his absence was felt during the deliberations of the various regional papers, which I may add was the reason for lack of intended potential convergence of views and progress with the discourse. I presume that he was overwhelmed by the practitioners' support to the implementation of IWRM and hence probably why the audience was coined as 'misguided' (cf. same article above). Regardless of his intentions, it is deemed very damaging when such personalities are granted special audience with political leadership in African countries and probably beyond, and tend to provide ill-informed opinions without providing alternatives.
This special issue of Water SA will share a selection of 10 papers whose authors were interested to publish and is hence not meant to reflect the depth and breadth of the issues that were shared during the conference. However, in the synthesis paper which follows this note, Anderson (2008) provides a summary of the entire conference from the papers and from the discussions and summaries provided by the participants during the deliberations. The Second Annual UNESCO IHP African Regional Committee meeting which followed on from the conference aimed as a follow-on from the first meeting hosted by the Nigerian Focal Point in March 2006 in Abuja. The Abuja meeting was aimed at the IHP VII towards achieving the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Africa. The Cape Town meeting was a follow-on aimed at sharing the IHP VII implementation strategies and the future plans by the different members. The meeting was attended by 40 representatives from the following countries; France UNESCO Paris, Uganda, Namibia, Malawi, Lesotho, Mauritius, Angola, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Swaziland, Benin, Ghana, Rwanda, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Togo, Chad, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Burundi as well as the hosting country South Africa and a special representative from the German IHP secretariat.
The Local Organising Committee, chaired by the Water Research Commission and represented by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF), Cap-Net, the University of Pretoria and CIRAD, the Water Institute of Southern Africa (WISA) and Rand Water, for organizing and executing a successful programme whose valuable contribution to the water resource management debate will resonate for time to come. Ms Elanda Botes and her team, for professionally handling all the logistical arrangements. The Department of Water Affairs and Forestry as the UNESCO IHP Focal Point and the Masimambane Project, for technical guidance and financial support. The GWP-Southern Africa, for supporting their members to attend and share valuable lessons from the Region. Prof Asit Biswas, who brought out the passion of the audience towards what they do and the clarity of purpose brought about by his provocation and the commonality reflected thereof. Dr Shafick Adams (WRC) for seeing to all the arrangements for both meetings.
I would also like to express my sincere thanks to the following guest editors who contributed considerable time and effort to make this special edition possible: Dr Stefano Farolfi (Correspondent for CIRAD in South Africa, and Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA) University of Pretoria); Mr Kees Leendertse (Cap-Net, Pretoria, South Africa); Ms Barbara van Koppen (Southern Africa Regional Program, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Pretoria, South Africa); and Dr Shafick Adams (Research Manager: Water Resource Management, WRC).
BISWAS AK (2008) Foreword. Int. J. Water Resour. Dev. 24: 3,1. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713426247 [ Links ]
ANDERSON AJ, Karar E and Farolfi S (2008) Synthesis: IWRM lessons for implementation. Water SA 34 (6) 665-670. [ Links ]
# Revised version. Originally presented at the International Conference on Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) entitled: Lessons from Implementation in Developing Countries which took place from 10 to 12 March 2008 in Cape Town, South Africa, at the Cape Town International Convention Centre.
* To whom all correspondence should be addressed.
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Reflections on the Birth of the National Water Act, 1998
Professor Kader Asmal
Former Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa
International Conference on Integrated Water Resources Management: Lessons from Implementation in Developing Countries and the 2nd Africa Regional meeting of the National Committees of UNESCO's International Hydrological Programme
10 March 2008
Cape Town International Convention Centre, South Africa
"The representative of the UNESCO International Hydrological Programme, Dr Emmanuel Nash; the Italian Ambassador, the honourable Mr Alessandro Cevese; Deputy Director-General in the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Ms Thandeka Mbassa, honoured delegates, ladies and gentlemen:
Thank you for this opportunity to reflect on the development of the National Water Act of 1998, and the importance within that of the management of water resources in our country. Let me say at the outset that part of the problem that water management has faced throughout the world, is being taken for granted stagnating in the back-waters of politics. It is bizarre, really, when we all know that water is life. Perhaps that is where we have been fortunate in South Africa. As the Minister of Finance, Trevor Manuel, recently said in Parliament, water in democratic South Africa became "sexy" not because of élan and opportunism, although they have their place, but because there was collective political will and determination; there was a deep understanding of the central role that water must play in the development of our country and the human rights of our people.
Let me admit that taking over the reigns as Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry from apartheid's General Magnus Malan gave enormous scope for improvement. Apartheid South Africa's water management was not equitable, not efficient, and not sustainable. It was grounded in race-based privilege, with a perhaps inevitable resultant decadence in water management practices by the "haves". "All, for Some, for Now" was indeed apposite.
Water managers did engage in research, modelling, strategic planning, pricing structures and associated paraphernalia, in (for some) a grand self-delusion that water was being managed in a sustainable manner this when the vast majority of people, the invisible people in the eyes of the apartheid, did not have access to safe water. "Some, for All, for Ever", was indeed compelling for democrats.
But it would be wrong to simply dismiss the approaches to water management as apartheid obscenities. Along with most of the rest of the world, South Africa's approach to water management was also technocratic in nature, inward-looking in terms of the disciplines necessary to make informed decisions, and seemingly obsessed with building monuments to engineering prowess. It was an age when supply-side management was king (and I use the sexist term deliberately); an age, I suspect, when the notion of integrated water resource management was seen as a communist plot!
It was indeed both a daunting and an exhilarating challenge for a human rights law professor to get to grips with all of the nuances of water policy and management. The peculiarities of water management had their particular challenges. So, for example, I had to understand that when water managers talked about "ground water", they meant "underground water". But, in truth much of the water management challenge was as much about human behaviour, human rights, economics, administration and the law, as it was about technical issues regarding water and the environment.
The Constitution
The National Water Act of 1998 was the pivot around which equity, efficiency and sustainability in the supply of and demand for water was to be realized. But before dwelling on that, it is important to acknowledge South Africa's Constitution, for this provides the framework, the enabling environment, for a democratic Water Act.
The Constitution forms the basis of all of the policies, laws and practices developed for water management. It entrenches values of human dignity, human rights, non-racialism and non-sexism, and has specific clauses recognizing the right of access to sufficient water, and of a healthy environment.
The National Water Act of 1998
Entrenched rights and entrenched social justice principles provided the foundations upon which to address inequity, inefficiency and unsustainable practices in the water sector. Reforming water law in the country was a process that needed due time and thought, and it took over three years for the National Water Act to come into law. It had the advantage of being able to assess policies and practices and outcomes elsewhere in the world; to engage with many top professionals, and to give effect to the progressive vision of the new democracy.
The National Water Act of 1998 sought to provide the policy and legal framework upon which to ensure equity, efficiency and sustainability in the supply and use of water. While there were a great many innovations in the National Water Act, only some particular components will be mentioned here:
An important provision was the establishment by the Act of national government, acting through the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry, as the public trustee of the nation's water resources. This provision resolved a significant difficulty of the Water Act, 1956 (No. 54 of 1956), which was based largely on the riparian system of water rights and resulted in no single organisation or institution being able to exercise complete authority over water in South Africa. Public trusteeship does not mean that government owns the water, since the Preamble to the Act recognises that "water is a natural resource that belongs to all people", but it does mean that the Minister has overall responsibility and, importantly, the authority to ensure that all water everywhere in the country is managed for the benefit of all persons.
The concept of a "Water Reserve" was a world first, whereby water for basic human needs and water for basic ecological functioning have first priority. Only once these needs have been met can water be put to commercial or other use. This concept is fundamental to the conservation of the resource base upon which sustainable development must be built: healthy people in a healthy environment.
A further noteworthy provision in the Act was the change from "water rights" to "water-use rights", and with it the ability to charge all (major) water-users for their consumption. It was a step that is crucial for equity and efficiency, and is in the enlightened self-interest of all. This call for recognition of the duties to each other, initially met with fierce resistance, particularly from the Agricultural sector.
Aligned to this was the basis for integrated water resource management. Noteworthy among the implications here was that those responsible for a major reduction in the run-off of water, such as for land-use practices like forestry and sugar plantations, are (for the first time in the world) held accountable for their actions. It was a provision of profound relevance for the future of our country. It also recognized the fundamental link of ground water within the water cycle, enabling ground water to be part of the resource managed for the greater good, and not simply private water to be exploited.
Another aspect to highlight was the focus on institutional arrangements, which saw an important delegation of power to groupings of interested and affected parties. The Act was a significant shift to an integrated, and therefore co-operative, approach to governance, with engagement of other agencies across all spheres of Government, as well as stakeholders, to ensure integrated water resource management. The Department must mediate between different agencies, but the extent of the provision to allow people to make decisions that are in their joint enlightened self-interest is possibly without precedent. Due to the enormous inequities that still persist in the country, the Department as the custodian must ensure that the decisions made are developmental in nature and can serve and protect the interests of the poor. It also acknowledged that political boundaries are seldom appropriate for water management, and that catchments (watersheds) are more relevant units for this purpose.
Important to this theme of integrated water resource management was the debate regarding the privatization of water. While the law does make provision for trading in water-use rights, the management of water remains firmly within the Government's control. Nowhere in water management has the market demonstrated an ability to regulate for equity, efficiency and sustainability. Particularly challenging here is the need to understand social costs, opportunity costs, cumulative impacts and synergistic impacts fundamental considerations for integrated water resource management that are not the recognized purview of the market.
Part of integrated water resource management was the acknowledgement that South Africa has a duty to ensure that its neighbouring states have an equitable share of water from international (shared) rivers is a highlight of the National Water Act. It is a recognition that development cannot happen in isolation; that regional success is the only viable option for long-term prosperity. It must be said, too, that the provision is also an acknowledgement of the enormous debt that South Africa owes to its neighbours for the decades of exploitation, destabilization and neglect.
These and other provisions in the National Water Act of 1998 set the foundation for integrated water resource management. It must of course be acknowledged that the commitment to implementation, and the critical investment in capacity building, will determine the extent to which policy becomes practice. This was always going to be a challenge, and examples can be found regarding the complexities of giving practical effect to the measures proposed in the Act.
My point here would be that we must take full advantage of the political will to give effect to the Act. For example, the in-stream flow requirements linked to the water reserve do have inherent technical and capacity challenges. These difficulties are and will increasingly be compounded by factors such as climate change and the impacts of invasive alien plants. But the measure remains critical if we are to have equity, efficiency and sustainability in the management of water in our country.
It is also appropriate to acknowledge the importance of policy emphases. For example, whilst water demand management is given significant scope within the Act, it is clear that we still need to put far greater emphasis here if we are to succeed in our goals. The supply-side still dominates water management in our country.
I hear talk of "implementation fatigue", coupled with capacity constraints, in terms of integrated water resource management. We cannot doubt the political will and determination to succeed in this endeavour. Water resources have to be managed. Period. If this is not done in an integrated manner, then it is obvious that water management will be undermined. Integrated management is indeed difficult. Co-operative governance is indeed difficult. We all know about the complexities of understanding social and opportunity costs, and cumulative and synergistic impacts. But most of humankind's failings have at their heart a failure to consider options holistically.
Whilst we must interrogate the efficacy of the policy and regulatory framework, let us never forget the extraordinary achievements that have been secured within this framework. Let me just mention one. No country has achieved, within the period of time, what South Africa has achieved in terms of community water supply supported, as it is, by a pro-poor provision for "free basic water". While it is essential that we focus on those aspects that need to be improved, we should not lose sight of what has been achieved.
I would like to express my admiration for all those who were involved in the development of the National Water Act of 1998; for those who have toiled to give effect to the measures, and for the political will that continues to drive this commitment forward. Of course we must review the efficacy, practicability and returns on investment of the proposed measures, and be open to amendments or applications that can strengthen the Act. It must be moulded by experience. The debate over the appropriate number of Catchment Management Agencies would be a case in point. But what must not be lost and I am absolutely confident will not be lost with the progressive leadership we have of this sector are the fundamental principles and outcomes of the Act. In the context of this meeting, giving practical effect to integrated water resource management is essential for equity, efficiency and sustainability in the management of the resource. That cannot be in doubt."
Notes for introduction of Professor Asmal:
Professor Asmal was South Africa's Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry from 1994 to 1999, following the country's first democratic elections. He spent 30 years in political exile, where he qualified as a barrister in both Britain and Ireland; studied at the London School of Economics, and taught law for 27 years at Trinity College Dublin. He specialized in human rights (winning the UNESCO Prize in 1983 for teaching in the field). Professor Asmal returned to South Africa after the unbanning of the African National Congress in 1990. He was a Professor of Human Rights at the University of the Western Cape, playing a key role in the constitutional negotiations, prior to his appointment as Minister by President Nelson Mandela. During his tenure as Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry, Professor Asmal transformed water law and management in South Africa, and has won many awards, including the Stockholm Water Prize in 1999, for his work in this field. Among many achievements, he also chaired the World Commission on Dams.


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Archie McPhee Blue Logo Fez
- Red velour fez
- Fits most adult heads
- Has snazzy emblem on it
- Expresses your personality
- Read More
Item #: M6520
Finally, a fez that shows the world who you really are
Show the world you're not just any nerdy weirdo, you're an Archie McPhee nerdy weirdo. We wear ours proudly. This swanky red velour fez is soft to the touch and exudes class. It fits an average-sized adult head, but also looks pretty good perched precariously on an oversized noggin. For some people, wearing a plain fez is not enough, they have so much more nerdy weirdness to express! Fezzes are cool!


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Caution urged in highway cleanup efforts
March 22, 2006 (06-069)
News Contact: Kim Stich, (785) 296-3585, or Lt. John Eichkorn, (785) 296-6800
Caution urged in highway cleanup efforts
Highway maintenance crews and volunteers who pick up trash along Kansas roads are urged to be aware of potentially hazardous materials – particularly materials used in the production of methamphetamine – that litter highways.
Spring weather will bring more volunteers, as well as road and highway maintenance crews, to roadways for cleanup efforts. The Kansas Department of Transportation and the Kansas Highway Patrol want to prevent injuries and assist law enforcement officers in locating and arresting those who manufacture methamphetamines.
Significant amounts of methamphetamine are being transported in vehicles, which sometimes serve as mobile meth labs, said Col. William Seck, superintendent of the KHP.
"These mobile labs are a significant threat to the safety of our troopers and to the traveling public," Seck said. "We must do everything possible to reduce the amount of dangerous drugs on Kansas roadways."
Those participating in highway clean-up efforts are urged to wear gloves and eye protection.
"Our KDOT staff works hard to maintain the roadways, and the Adopt-A-Highway volunteers do a great job of cleaning along the highways," said KDOT Secretary Deb Miller. "Our top priority is their safety."
Potentially harmful substances such as anhydrous ammonia, acid, sewer cleaner, lye, antifreeze and ethanol are some of the main ingredients used to make methamphetamine. Sometimes, containers and other materials used in the manufacture of meth, such as plastic bottles, red chemically stained coffee filters, camping fuel cans and battery casings, will be discarded along roadways.
Odors associated with recent meth production are similar to ammonia, fingernail polish remover and cat urine. Materials found where such odors are present should not be handled. Local law enforcement agencies should be contacted or the Kansas Bureau of Investigation at 1-800-KS CRIME.


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W C Racing, Dave Kenney and RAP Racing's Goldencents grabbed command of Saturday's Grade 3 Delta Downs Jackpot by a short margin soon after the start and maintained the lead throughout to score a 1 3/4-length victory on the wire. With jockey Kevin Krigger aboard, the Doug O'Neill trainee ran 1 1/16 miles on the fast main track in 1:44 4/5.
Heaven's Runway pressed Goldencents through the opening quarter in :22 3/5, but the bay son of Into Mischief shook loose and opened up a comfortable lead once hitting the backstretch. He maintained that advantage while setting splits of :46 1/5, 1:11 and 1:38, then held off the late run of 9-5 favorite Bern Identity to earn his first stakes score.
"Kevin knows this colt," O'Neill said. "He's worked him nearly every out. When I heard the announcer give the early fractions I thought, 'uh oh we are going a little too quick,' but we all have so much faith in this colt. Kevin kept him out of trouble and didn't fight him and it worked out perfect.
"I don't know the exact path (to the Kentucky Derby), but we will probably look somewhere at Santa Anita after the first of the year, maybe the (Grade 2) Bob Lewis Stakes (on February 2). This horse has been in New York and Louisiana in two of his three starts, so he travels great."
In winning Saturday's Jackpot, Goldencents earned 10 points in the new Road to the Kentucky Derby points system, which will determine starting positions for the 2013 Derby.
Grade 2 victor Bern Identity flew down the short stretch at Delta Downs after being bottled up, shuffled back and forced to go six wide. He was 1 1/4 lengths clear of Mylute in third, while Hightail returned from a nose score in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Sprint to be fourth on this occasion. Completing the order under the wire were Central Banker, Itsmyluckyday, Heaven's Runway, Know More and Show Some Magic.
Bern Identity earned four points in the new Derby system for his second-place finish, followed by Mylute with two points and Hightail with one point.
Goldencents paid $7.20, $3.60 and $3.40 as the 5-2 second choice, and skyrocketed his career earnings to $722,000 with the winner's share of the $1 million Jackpot purse. The juvenile is now 2-1-0 from three starts following a 7 1/4-length debut win at Del Mar in early September and a second to next out Breeders' Cup Juvenile hero Shanghai Bobby in the Grade 1 Champagne on October 6 at Belmont Park.
Bred in Kentucky by Rosecrest Farm and Karyn Pirrello, Goldencents brought $5,500 as a Fasig-Tipton Kentucky Fall yearling before selling for $62,000 when going through the ring as the penultimate horse in this year's OBS June sale. He is out of the winning Banker's Gold mare Golden Works, who is herself a daughter of multiple stakes queen Body Works.
Farther back in Goldencents' female family one will find Canadian champion and multiple Grade 1 hero Sunny's Halo, who captured the 1983 edition of the Kentucky Derby.


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Sinkford Writes "Memo to Obama" for Tikkun Magazine
Rev. William G. Sinkford, president of the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA), was among those leaders invited to send a "Memo to Obama" by Tikkun Magazine for its January 2009 issue. Also included are memos from Rev. William F. Schulz, former President of the UUA and former Executive Director, Amnesty International USA; Rev. Robert M. Hardies, Senior Minister, All Souls Church, Unitarian, in Washington, DC; and Sharon Welch, Provost and Associate Professor of Theology and Applied Theology, Meadville Lombard Theological School.
View Rev. Sinkford's Memo to Obama on video! (Windows Media) (QuickTime)
I learned of your election on a late-night flight to Africa. When the pilot announced that you would be the 44th president of the United States, many of us wept with joy. The hopes Americans have placed in you are so high, and the challenges are so daunting. You will lead us during a critical period of war, recession, and mounting ecological threats. Some might say you have taken on a thankless job; I am deeply grateful for a president who seems equal to these challenges.
And I am hopeful that your vision will encompass all of us. During the campaign, the rights of same-sex couples were downplayed even among progressives. While I understand the strategic reasons for this, I feel called to witness on behalf of those Americans whose rights were trampled and whose dignity was assaulted by state ballot initiatives preventing marriage or adoption.
Before the presidential campaign began in earnest, back in the summer of 2007, you said something that gave me great hope: "Too often, the issue of gay rights is exploited by those seeking to divide us. But at its core, this issue is about who we are as Americans. It's about whether this nation is going to live up to its founding promise of equality by treating all its citizens with dignity and respect."
I rejoiced at those words then, and I want to lift them up now. Some people—including some wise and experienced leaders—are still seeking to divide us. They are cautioning you not to overreach as you set new policies. These people may advise you that legal equality for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people is a luxury, and they may urge you to put civil rights on the back burner for now. Wait, they are saying. Wait for a better time.
But we know there's never a better time to end discrimination. It wasn't the right time in 1954 when Brown v. Board ended segregation in public schools—the critics then said that too many states and cities weren't ready for a change as big as racial integration. And yet change came—not because we were ready but because—in the words of abolitionist Unitarian minister Theodore Parker that were echoed by Dr. King—"the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice." Progress may be delayed, but its course is unstoppable.
In 1967, if the United States Supreme Court had waited for "the right time," Loving v. Virginia would not have been decided in favor of committed couples who wished to marry but happened to be of different races. Before this decision, in many states I would not have been allowed to marry my wife. Today, just a generation later, it is unthinkable that we would ever again adopt such laws that keep loving people apart. And yet that's exactly what happened in California and in several other states last November. You have the opportunity to correct this injustice and to put us back on course.
Yes, America is facing big problems, but I urge you not to view our country as a hierarchy of competing needs, with minority rights taking a backseat to issues like the economy. Instead, I pray that you will see our society as a diverse, interconnected web, where the health of our nation depends upon the well-being of each of its citizens. It will take an act of deep faith to believe that protecting individual rights and strengthening a small percentage of families will benefit the entire country. But it will.
During my visit to Africa, I learned much from Unitarian Universalist congregations and other religious communities in Uganda, Nigeria, South Africa, and Kenya. I was humbled by their commitment to addressing dire social problems—extreme poverty, gender inequity, epidemic diseases, and profound racial and ethnic discrimination. They understand that social problems and health problems are also economic problems, and that addressing one issue means tackling them all.
Against tremendous odds, and within just a few short years, South Africans dismantled apartheid, legalized same-sex marriages, and rebuilt their entire society, and they did so by radically reimagining every economic, political, legal, and moral component. Surely we Americans can confront an economic recession, end an unjust war abroad, and advance civil rights at home. We don't have to choose peace and prosperity for the many at the expense of justice for the few. Instead, we have to understand that peace, prosperity, and justice are vitally interconnected.
You have my support and that of millions of justice-seeking Americans. With your leadership, we can be the country that finally lives up to its founding promise of equality for all.


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Violet Jordan Rule #2 of being a superhero:
Find reliable sidekicks.
Dear Diary,
Once I took down Haverty, the Primo of the city,
I thought life was going to get better. After four assassination attempts, I'm thinking not so much. Haverty's pack needs a new leader, and I've just about run out of reasons why I'm not right for the job.
Besides, having loyal followers would definitely help me fight off whoever's out for my blood. Especially sincemy boyfriend is always busy playing White Hat to every wanderer except me. I'm glad he thinks I'm tough enough to handle my own business, but a little extra backup would be nice.
So now I just need to figure out how to mentor new shifters, run a pack, keep my "real" job, and have some sort of personal life. All in a day's work for this horror movie writer-turned-shapeshifting panther.
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Story highlights
- David Belmar, 44, is charged with trespassing, possession
- He is stopped at the main gate facing Victoria Memorial, police say
- Arrest comes a month after someone scaled security fence to enter palace
British police arrested a 44-year-old man accused of trying to get into London's Buckingham Palace illegally on Monday, authorities said.
David Belmar was stopped at the main gate facing the Victoria Memorial, and a search revealed he was carrying a knife, according to Metropolitan Police.
He did not gain access to the palace grounds, police said.
The man was arrested on suspicion of trespassing on a protected site and possession of an offensive weapon, and remained in custody Monday afternoon, police said. He was later charged with trespassing and possession of a bladed or pointed article.
No injuries were reported.
Belmar is expected to appear in custody at West London Magistrates' Court on Tuesday.
Buckingham Palace, the best known of Queen Elizabeth II's palaces, is the administrative center for the royal household as well as the queen's London residence.
The incident came more than a month after police said a man scaled a security fence to enter the palace. The man was found inside the palace in an area open to the public during the day, police said. Two men were arrested on that day -- one on suspicion of conspiracy to commit burglary, the other accused of burglary, trespass and criminal damage.


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