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We visited friends in Boulder, Colo., during the Christmas holidays and had an opportunity to visit the Celestial Seasonings Tea Company that is headquartered there. In fact, this one factory produces all of the company's tea sold worldwide.
Celestial Tea had humble beginnings with a group of "passionate young entrepreneurs" (i.e. hippies in 1969) who began collecting herbs from the slopes of the Rocky Mountains and crafted their own herbal teas to sell to local health-food stores. Today Celestial Seasonings is one of the largest specialty teas companies in North America.
By definition a true tea is an aromatic beverage made from steeping the cured leaves of Camillia sinensisin hot water. The legend surrounding the first cup of tea figures around the mythological Emperor Shen Nung.
Shen was quite remarkable. He was considered the father of Chinese medicine and agriculture (the first to invent the plow and introduce the cultivation of grains); he had a profound interest in plants and an experimental attitude that was made all the more revealing because he had a transparent stomach (better to understand the medicine side of things).
Traveling thorough his kingdom on a hot summer day more than 5,000 years ago, he paused to rest, and his servants boiled some water, which was a reasonable proposition to ensure that the water was safe to drink, and a gust of wind blew some dried camellia leaves into the kettle.
The curious emperor was more than willing to try the accidental concoction and found it to be refreshing and invigorating (a little dose of caffeine never hurt anyone!).
And so it began…tea is the mostly widely consumed beverage worldwide after water.
Tea types include a confusing array of different colors, combinations and ingredients. This how I have come to understand what I am drinking on any given morning.
The most common tea types are black, green, and white. These all come from the same plant, Camillia sinensis, which distinguishes them is the processing.
As soon as the tea leaves are plucked from the bushes, they begin to wilt and oxidize. In the most basic sense the leaves begin to change color as the chlorophyll breaks down, and tannins accumulate.
This process is called fermentation, and when the fermentation is stopped by applying heat, that is how tea becomes black or green.
So a black tea, which has the most caffeine, actually is heated as it is dried to allow for maximum drying and oxidation, which creates the black leaves.
Green tea is minimally heated right after picking with steam heat, which stops oxidation and allows the leaves to retain their green.
White tea is an altogether different animal. White tea is considered the tea of Emperors because it comes from the leaf buds of the tea bush.
Yes, before the leaves even unfurl in the spring, the silvery-white swollen leaf buds are harvested in small batches, are sun-dried and slightly heated to create a very subtle tea.
Teas are reputed to have flavonoid antioxidants, which has contributed to the increase in variety found on store shelves today. The competition is fierce (and confusing).
True tea comes from the tea plant, Camillia sinensis, so what is all that other stuff?
Rooibos, or "red bush," comes from a South African mountain bush; herbal teas are infusions of fruit and herbs; and chai is a sweet to piquant mixture of teas, herbs and spices.
Chai is of Southeast Asian origin, and I consider it a drinkable version of a good Indian curry, which is just a mixture of various herbs and spices.
It is said that many Indian families have their own signature chai recipe.
Turns out that iced tea is a relatively new way to enjoy tea. It wasn't until 1904 that iced tea came on the scene at the St. Louis World's Fair, the same year that the tea bag was invented.
So how do you take your tea?
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Wednesday, March 23, 2011
What I Learned Wednesday: 23 March 2011
This week some of the "slow and steady" transliteration and analysis has paid off.
Last week I started transcribing the probate packet materials for the estate of Bud Mathis Moore (B. M. Moore), the brother of my great-great grandfather William Spencer Moore. The main body of materials date to 1888, but there are some letters to heirs that date to 1896.
Some of the materials consisted of letters from to and from the descendants of Elizabeth Moore Bain, B. M. Moore's oldest child and his only child by his first wife, Elizabeth Brashier. The descendants in question were James D. Fields and Mary E. Fields, the children of Martha A. "Mattie" Bain, the daughter of Elizabeth Moore and James Bain, and William Fields. Mary is first referred to as "Mollie Fields" and then as Mrs. J. M. Davis.
Mattie Bain Fields did not appear with her family on the 1870 census for Etowah County, Alabama, so I looked for a Martha or Mattie Fields of the right age in 1870. I found her with her husband William and children "Jas. S." and "Mary E." in Hunt County Texas; also living with the family was her brother Richard Bain.
By 1880 James and Mary are living with their grandmother - Elizabeth Griffin - and they are all back in Etowah County, Alabama. This Elizabeth Griffin is the right age to be Elizabeth Moore Bain, and in fact, when I flipped ahead in the B. M. Moore probate materials, I saw an "E. F. Griffin" listed as one of the recipients of items from the estate, so one question which would have arisen was already taken care of. Moreover, her marital status was described as "Married - husband gone." So there appears to be a story here that I may want to look into later. I cannot find this Elizabeth Griffin on the 1900 census.
Using Mary Fields Davis' age from previous censuses and the information that her husband must have been a J. M. Davis, I found her with her husband John Davis on the 1900 census in Fort Wort, Texas (though the names are common, I knew it was the right couple because both the letters and the census gave Magnolia Street in Fort Worth as the address for the family) with their children Martha, John, Jennie, and James.
The letters addressed to James were sent to Blountsville, Alabama, and I found James D. Fields with wife Ella and children Thomas, Guss, and William on the 1900 and 1910 censuses. I may have found James' family on the 1920 census in Marion County, Alabama, but I'm not sure. It is the family of William J. Daily and his wife Ellen J. Daily, who is the same age as Ella J. Fields, and her sons Guss Fields (two years older than the Guss Fields on the 1910 census) and Bethell Fields, who is the right age to be the William Fields of the 1910 census.
So here is what the descendant report looks like for Elizabeth Moore and James Bain so far:
James Bain
b. ca 1818, South Carolina
& Elizabeth W. Moore
b. 12 Dec 1824
| Mary Emma Bain
| b. 1845, South Carolina
| Martha A. "Mattie" Bain
| b. 1846, South Carolina
| & William Fields
| b. 1848, Alabama
| | James D. Fields
| | b. Apr 1867, Alabama
| | & Ella J.
| | b. May 1876, Alabama
| | | Thomas V. Fields
| | | b. Jan 1898, Alabama
| | | Guss Fields
| | | b. 1902, Alabama
| | | William Fields
| | | b. 1909, Alabama
| | Mary E. Fields
| | b. Oct 1870, Texas
| | & John M. Davis
| | b. Nov 1866, Kentucky
| | | Martha Davis
| | | b. Nov 1889, Texas
| | | John E. Davis
| | | b. Dec 1894, Texas
| | | Jennie Davis
| | | b. Jan 1898, Texas
| | | James Davis
| | | b. Jan 1900, Texas
| William Manning Bain
| b. 1848, South Carolina
| Richard H. Bain
| b. 1851, South Carolina
| George B. Bain
| b. 1854, South Carolina
I do not know what happened to any of the other children of Elizabeth Moore and James Bain after 1870; none of them or their descendants is mentioned in the B. M. Moore probate materials. Whether this is because they died or because they had lost all contact with the family in Greenville or for other reasons, I do not know. But since this is the branch of the Bud Mathis Moore family that moved away from South Carolina quite early and about which the least is known, I would like to find out what happened to all of these people.
9 comments:
How enormously satisfying this must be. Not to mention a relief to be digging into things that have probably been lurking in the back of your mind - at least they would/do in my mine.ReplyDelete
Exactly! This is one of those families and some of those bits of information floating around that just nag at me. I'm hoping something else will turn up that sheds some light on what happened to the rest of the people in this family (maybe a descendant will contact me??).ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 24, 2011 at 9:46 AM
Your post reminds me that I must check for probate court records when I make my field trip next week.ReplyDelete
You got a lot of information out of these records. I hope your post on this yields some cousin contacts for you.
I love this kind of self imposed accountability. In the same manner, this past week I REALLY looked at all the documents related to the birth of my dad and his just older brother -- i.e., census reports, birth certificates, and newspaper clippings -- vis a vis, the old family stories and my Uncle Ralph's letters. Wow, I really opened a can of worms--- and nothing is making sense --- yet.ReplyDelete
So, posts such as yours keep me to the straight and narrow. Thanks.
dee - Hope you have a good field trip - I'm itching to get out on another one.ReplyDelete
Joan - You've guessed my problem and my trick - have to make myself carefully look at and think about the documents I am finding.
Hi Greta, I had most of these names on my tree. I had them as Bayne not Bain, was also missing a lot of the decendants. Thanks for the info. Let me research it some more. I have found that facebook is a great way to look for living decendants. Do a name search and narrow it down with the last known town. Using this method I was able to find some of the Brownlee's. They live in the very place I grew up, which is not far at all from where I live know...One of the in-law Brownlee's is into Genealogy if you would like her info.ReplyDelete
Bio and LinksReplyDelete
I am a descendant of Jennings NIX from South Carolina, and Ellison Crossroad, Altoona Etowah County, Alabama. Searching Moodys Chapel, Sauls, Samuels, Morton, Moody and other local cemeteries.
Contact: email@example.com
Leave Public Message
Forums: daltonn
Found this on findagrave if you are interested..
Dalton J. Nix (#46810816)
member for 7 years, 5 months
Ugg that probably wasn't enough info... Addie Nix married Thomas V Fields, so of James D and Ella J Fields.James is the son of William and Martha Bain. Martha, daughter of Elizabeth WReplyDelete
Ok here is another one at findagrave, this one is not from an inlaw. Its for John Hampton Fields, so on William A Fields and Martha Bain...ReplyDelete
Birth: Jun. 13, 1875
Jefferson County
Alabama, USA
Death: Dec. 17, 1921
Harris County
Texas, USA
Son of Abner Fields & Martha (Shugar) Fields. Husband of Minnie Lee Fields.
Cause of death: Gunshot wound
Humble Cemetery
Harris County
Texas, USA
Edit Virtual Cemetery info [?]
Created by: Rick Kauffman
Record added: Jun 18, 2008
Find A Grave Memorial# 27665280
Bio for Rick Kauffman
Bio and Links
Just a guy that enjoys history and thinks that history and geneology are an important part of our lives. I was born and raised in Western Pennsylvania, and now I live outside of Houston, Texas. At home, I am trying to get as many local cemeteries listed as possible. I am currently focusing on "forgotten" and out of the way cemeteries in East Texas. I also travel quite a bit with my job, so in the evenings on the road, I visit local cemeteries and try to fulfill photo requests. I also travel back to Western PA frequently and try to get cemeteries there.
I try my best to try and find out as much as possible about each person using public records, obituaries, etc. However, I know that I will make mistakes. PLEASE let me know if there are any errors so that I can correct them.
Transfers: Please follow the FAG guidelines for transfers. If the person memorialized is not a direct relative - as defined by FAG - please do not ask for transfers.
The greatest thing about love is that no matter how many ways you divide it, it never gets smaller.
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Marion VFW Post 6958 and its Ladies Auxiliary will present awards to the winners of the Patriots' Pen and Voice of Democracy scholarship essay and speech contests at 3 p.m. Feb. 16 at the post home, 420 W. Santa Fe St., Marion.
The Patriots' Pen essay was divided into two divisions, sponsored by the post and auxiliary. Devin Hamm won first in the post's division, followed by Payton Harms and Caleb Hett. Larry Zieammermann placed first in the auxiliary's division, followed by Antone Vinduska and Madison Coleman. Zieammermann also placed third at the district level.
Adam Kjellin and Bailey Robson were first-place winners in the Voice of Democracy speech contest. Second place went to Sydnee Baldwin and McKenzee Remmers. Third place went to Elizabeth Meyer and Courtney Williams.
The post and auxiliary invite the winners, their friends and families, judges, and all others who helped with the contests to a reception at 3 p.m. Feb. 16.
Jim Christensen and Marvin and Maggie Meisinger judged the Voice of Democracy entries. The staff of the Marion County Record judged the Patriots' Pen entries.


text:
Graduated from UCSB in 2007 but never left UCSB's Davidson Library.
Currently works as team leader in the audio/visual digitization lab and as library assistant in the government publications unit.
Perennial dabbler and DIY enthusiast in and out of work.
His weekly radio show LIES can be heard every Wednesday from 6-8am PST at www.kcsb.org.
@burdt on twitter.
» VIEW BLOG burdt's Blog
burdt on 07/03/2013 at 08:36AM
The Star Spangled Banner
The Star Spangled Banner became the official national anthem of the United States in 1931. It was written in 1814 by Francis Scott Key about his experiences in the Battle of Fort McHenry during the War of 1812. The lyrics are sung to the tune of a British drinking song called "To Anacreon in Heaven" composed by John Stafford Smith for the Anacreontic Society, an amateur musician's group from London.
The song's four stanzas and one and a half octave range make it a challenge to perform for amateurs and professionals alike. Nevertheless, The Star Spangled Banner has been a staple of military and public events since the 19th century.
The earliest recording of The Star Spangled Banner the CPDP has processed is a Columbia Phonograph Co. brown wax cylinder performed by George J. Gaskin sometime between 1896 and 1900. He was born in Belfast Ireland and was known as "The Silver Voiced Irish Tenor." This rendition of the national anthem has many of the familiar nuances we have become accustomed to hearing, in addition to some familiar gaffes. For example, listen to his rushed phrasing after "the rocket's red glare" and his continuous struggle to hit every high note. In spite of these flaws, this recording is an excellent representation of the single-take-warts-and-all spirit of the brown wax cylinder era.
The most common performances of The Star Spangled Banner captured on cylinder are instrumental and vocal renditions by various military bands. Edison and Indestructible records had their house military bands perform renditions of this and other patriotic songs; the New York Military Band and the United States Marine Band also recorded their own versions of the song as part of patriotic medleys or on its own. One of the most popular medley versions was an Edison Blue Amberol titled "Patriotic Songs of America" performed by the New York Military Band and The Premier Quartet in 1910. The CPDP has five different takes (two of the original and three of the reissue) of this medley alone! In terms of standalone instrumental performances of the national anthem, the United States Marine Band's 1910 version for Edison Standard Records is phenomenal in its regal spirit and subdued grandiosity.
Perhaps the most interesting recording of The Star Spangled Banner the CPDP has is Harry E. Humphrey and the choir boys of St. Ignatius Loyola's "Our National Song" on Edison Blue Amberol from 1916. This version is a didactic recitation about the history of the Star Spangled Banner followed by the St. Ignatius Loyola's choir boys' wide-eyed rendering of the anthem's first stanza. Humphrey posessed a spellbinding oratorial skill and the children choir's provides a compelling coda to his poetic eloquence.
TAGGED AS:4th of july, cylinders, patriotism, star spangled banner, america, See More...
TAGGED AS:4th of july, cylinders, patriotism, star spangled banner, america, cpdp, See Less...
burdt on 08/10/2011 at 09:00AM
Tahitian Field Recordings
Cylinders 8667 to 8671 are a mystery for several reasons.
At first glance they're run of the mill Blue Amberols. These were some of the most mass produced cylinders of the cylinder era.
Upon closer examination, however, these cylinders are something else entirely. Here's the cataloger's note for further insight:
Custom Blue Amberol recordings, possibly from a larger set of brown wax field recordings that were recorded in Faaone Tahiti, and possibly privately pressed as Blue Amberol cylinders by Edison in New Jersey. Recordings were possibly made by anthropologists Frank Stimson or Edward S. C. Handy in 1923. Four of the five cylinders are stamped "Tahiti-#" on the rim and handwritten notes on the boxes say "Himene Chorus, Faaone, Tahiti, 1923 (Handy)."
The biggest mystery here is how these cylinders were recorded. The cataloger's note suggests that these five recordings are privately pressed dubbings of brown wax cylinders. This is almost certainly not the case because the groove widths and reproduction speeds don't match up with those belonging to production Blue Amberol cylinders of the era. Furthermore, if these were dubbed from wax cylinders, the playback noise of the second machine should be audible, but extra noise just isn't there. How were these five cylinders recorded then?
The groove width and reproduction speed matches up with that of brown wax cylinders. Perhaps a brown wax recording machine was jerry-rigged into recording onto Blue Amberols. How did the field recordists find five blank Blue Amberols then? Cylinder shaving machines existed for deleting brown wax recordings. Perhaps these were also jerry-rigged into deleting pre-existing Blue Amberol recordings.
Unless the details of their recording techniques are among their papers at the Bishop Museum in Hawaii, Handy or Stimson's Tahitian field recordings will continue to puzzle cylinder enthusiasts for the foreseeable future.
Fortunately, the contents of these recordings are as interesting as the questions behind their provenance.
The recordings fade in to an already established harmony and end abruptly as the cylinder grooves run out, a common occurrence in cylinder field recordings.
Nevertheless, what is captured is undeniably human and vital in spite of the narrow dynamic and tonal bandwith the medium allowed.
Himene is etymologically related to the word hymn and the sound these cylinders capture is a marriage of the vocal songs of native Tahitians and the sacred choral music that the European missionaries left behind. It is a haunting sound that retains its distance while remaining innately familiar.
(I have posted pictures of an additional mystery object that accompanied these cylinders after the jump.)


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An Organic Olive Green and Khaki Wedding at Runnymede Plantation
Trust us, this isn't your average southern wedding. The minute we laid eyes on this stunning Runnymede Plantation affair planned by Tara Guerard, we instantly fell in love with its unique color palette of olive green and khaki hues and organic décor elements of bamboo, brass and palm leaves. Tec Petaja perfectly captured every Pinterest-worthy detail of the day. Prepare to spend a little extra time on this one, folks... it's a real beauty!
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Welcome to gradplus.com
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We are a unique Management Consultancy offering change and performance solutions that help realise business advantage for our clients, generating productivity improvements that directly relate to savings at the bottom line.
As a results-based process consultancy, we enable substantial quality improvements in all facets of any service industry organisation. Simultaneously, we generate operational cost savings, over thirty percent, in some cases.
We are focused on achieving results for our clients.
Our dynamic growth has created an opportunity for two outstanding Graduates to join our Business development team.
We sell at a very high level and we demand the best from our team, you must be able to demonstrate achievement though your career and academic results to date.
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You will be proactive, used to achieving/exceeding targets and not frightened to role up your sleeves when called upon. In addition, have the ability to develop long standing relationships and see this as the cornerstone for long term growth and sustainability.
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Level: Intermediate. Practice speaking Chinese (Mandarin) in an informal setting
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Fredrick M Wigley, M.D.
Director, The Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Center
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Expertise: Rheumatology, Scleroderma
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Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center
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Dr. Wigley received his M.D. degree from the University of Florida College of Medicine. He completed an internship and residency at Johns Hopkins where he also trained in a postdoctoral fellowship program. Dr. Wigley is a physician-scientist whose specialty is Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma. He founded The Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Center with Robert A. Wise, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins Division of Pulmonary Medicine. Dr. Wigley has been honored with two American College of Rheumatology awards over the past couple years. He received the ACR Distinguished Clinician Scholar Award in 2009 and the ACR Masters Award in 2011.
- Director, The Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Center
- Martha McCrory Professor of Medicine
- Professor of Medicine
Departments / Divisions
Centers & Institutes
- MD; Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine (1972)
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine / Medicine (1975)
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine / Rheumatology (1979)
Board Certifications
- American Board of Internal Medicine / Internal Medicine (1975)
- American Board of Internal Medicine / Rheumatology (1980)
Research & Publications
Research Summary
Dr. Wigley's research focuses on the events that cause scleroderma and on the signs and symptoms of scleroderma. He is testing new treatments for Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma.
Clinical Trial KeywordsRaynaud's phenomenon, Scleroderma
Selected PublicationsView all on Pubmed
- Joseph CG, Darrah E, Shah AA, Skora AD, Casciola-Rosen LA, Wigley FM, Boin F, Fava A, Thoburn C, Kinde I, Jiao Y, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Rosen A. Association of the Autoimmune Disease Scleroderma with an Immunologic Response to Cancer. Science. 2013 Dec 5. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 24310608
- McMahan ZH, Wigley FM. Novel investigational agents for the treatment of scleroderma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013 Nov 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 24261610
- Gerber EE, Gallo EM, Fontana SC, Davis EC, Wigley FM, Huso DL, Dietz HC. Integrin-modulating therapy prevents fibrosis and autoimmunity in mouse models of scleroderma. Nature. 2013 Nov 7;503(7474):126-30. doi: 10.1038/nature12614. Epub 2013 Oct 9. PMID: 24107997
- Tedford RJ, Mudd JO, Girgis RE, Mathai SC, Zaiman AL, Housten-Harris T, Boyce D, Kelemen BW, Bacher AC, Shah AA, Hummers LK, Wigley FM, Russell SD, Saggar R, Saggar R, Maughan WL, Hassoun PM, Kass DA. Right ventricular dysfunction in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circ Heart Fail. 2013 Sep 1;6(5):953-63. PMID: 23797369
- Gelber AC, Manno RL, Shah AA, Woods A, Le EN, Boin F, Hummers LK, Wigley FM. Race and association with disease manifestations and mortality in scleroderma: a 20-year experience at the Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Center and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2013 Jul;92(4):191-205. doi: 10.1097/MD.0b013e31829be125. Review. PMID: 23793108
- Matucci-Cerinic M, Kahaleh B, Wigley FM. Review: evidence that systemic sclerosis is a vascular disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Aug;65(8):1953-62. doi: 10.1002/art.37988. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 23666787
- Cottrell TR, Wise RA, Wigley FM, Boin F. The degree of skin involvement identifies distinct lung disease outcomes and survival in systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Apr 20. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 23606705
- Shah AA, Wigley FM. My approach to the treatment of scleroderma. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Apr;88(4):377-93. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.01.018. Review. PMID: 23541012
- Hummers LK, Dugowson CE, Dechow FJ, Wise RA, Gregory J, Michalek J, Yenokyan G, McGready J, Wigley FM. A multi-centre, blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, laboratory-based study of MQX-503, a novel topical gel formulation of nitroglycerine, in patients with Raynaud phenomenon. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Dec 1;72(12):1962-7. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201536. Epub 2012 Dec 25. PMID: 23268365
- Shah AA, Chung SE, Wigley FM, Wise RA, Hummers LK. Changes in estimated right ventricular systolic pressure predict mortality and pulmonary hypertension in a cohort of scleroderma patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Jul;72(7):1136-40. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201861. Epub 2012 Aug 11. PMID: 22887850
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London-born Peter Kyprianou worked as a designer in South Africa for many years until he could no longer contain his passion for illustration. He made the switch, and later returned to the UK, spending some time in Cyprus along the way, where he was a political cartoonist for three years. Today, icons, pictograms, infographics and storyboarding are his domain.
Peter loves travel, the sun, museums and galleries, as well as Greek and Cypriot cooking. His Greek background means he's influenced by Byzantine iconography, and he's also inspired by the pictograms and icons drawn by the German modernist Gerd Arntz. Rembrandt, Hals, Vermeer and El Greco are among his favourite artists.
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Matt Mechtley writes:
You're throwing a party for the Game Developers Conference and you think it would be cool to have a custom game. What's the natural response? How about Pong that adapts its difficulty based on how drunk you are!
Matt hacked a breathalyzer by reading the pinouts to the seven-segment LCD with an Arduino board. The Pong paddle gets bigger if you're more drunk. It was up and running for the 9bit indie games party last night at the GDC. – Link.


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This product is out of stock
Make a bold statement with this wool and cashmere blend sweater with the lamé intarsia inscription "Max It Up". The straight, relaxed fit is flattering and easy to wear. Wear it alone with jeans or layer it with a shirt or blouse for a head-turning smart casual look.
Product name: DAL
Product code: 6361929003005
Distributed by Manifatture del Nord S.r.l. Unipersonale, with registered office in Reggio Emilia (Italia), Via Mazzacurati n. 6, 42122
Knitted fabric: 80% wool, 20% cashmere; Decorative thread: 70% rayon viscose, 15% metallised fibre, 15% nylon.
Wash by hand in water. Do not bleach. Iron at max. 110 °C using a damp cloth between the iron and the fabric. Delicate dry clean with perchloroethylene. Do not tumble dry. Flat drying in the shade.
Wear it with


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" Job Vacancy: Refrigeration Engineer
Welvent LTD are looking for a Qualified refrigeration engineer to join our growing team, to assist with manufacturing, installation, service and repair work of our refrigeration units on farm and in our workshops at Lincoln working predominantly on your own but sometimes within small team.
There will be some working away normally with notice but occasionally break downs are at short notice but we do mot run an on call service
There will be a vehicle provided along with specialist tools in house training provided working with our equipment.
Hourly rate dependant on Qualifications and experience Basic week 40 hours + overtime and weekends available,
Please Email email@example.com or call the office on 01522 693008 and ask to speak to Will "
" Job Vacancy: Qualified Electrician
Due to continued growth, Welvent Ltd are recruiting for a full time electrician to work within our team.
- Electrical installations in the agriculture sector.
- Installation/Wiring of large 3 phase systems, general lighting and small power
- Installation/Wiring of VSD's from 1.5kw to 200kw
- Test & Certifying new & old installations.
- Adapting new control technology to old existing systems.
- Service & repair work
- C&G 2382-15 (17th Edition)
- NVQ Level 3 / AM2
- Previous experience with control panels, wiring schematics
- Capable at problem solving
- Flexible to be working away from home as work will be all over the country
- Ability to work overtime when necessary is important
- Ability to work on your own initiative
- Wage is dependant on experience & capability
- 40hrs a week + overtime,Monday-Friday normal working days but weekends if required
Please message for further details or interest. "
" Grain Store Electrical Installation completed near Bourne.
400Amp supply with four 37kw star-delta contra-rotating fans.
LED low bay store lights
Heavy duty dust proof distribution boards for general lighting & sockets.
LED tunnel lights.
Heavy Duty GRP housing for new supply meter & split load board. "


text:
A couple of months ago I was watching TV and I came across a commercial that I thought was quite ingenious. It was for Reese's Peanut Butter cups. The commercial was insinuating that chocolate and peanut butter was the best combination since Saturday and Sunday. I would definitely have to agree. Well, at least with the Saturday and Sunday part.
Up until about 3:45pm EST on Tuesday, February 1, 2011, I thought that the Saturday and Sunday combo would be untouchable. But after today, I'm going to have to say that I found a new combination that I like almost (if not more than) as much as Saturday and Sunday.
Here is a list of other great combinations:
1. Batman and Robin – great combo of super heroes.
2. Saturday and Sunday – enough said. DUH.
3. Peanut Butter and Jelly – greatest combo on two slices of bread…ever. This one never lets me down, especially when I'm hungry.
4. Beavis and Butthead – greatest combo of fictional characters…ever. Too bad MTV let that one die out.
5. Surf and Turf – gotta be one of my favorite combo foods. Joey's Seafood always did it right.
6. Garren C. (fellow MLHR blogger) and any class at OSU – class can be boring. But class would be double boring without Garren. Thank you G$lyce.
7. Brad Pitt and Jen Aniston – This was a good combination that is no longer a combination. Stupid, Brad. Angelina has nothing on Jen. Just sayin'.
8. Milk and Cookies (e.g. Oreos) – I could eat my weight in Oreos and milk.
9. John Mayer and a Guitar – Thank you for some great music, John.
and…my new favorite combination
10. Bad Weather and OSU canceling my class on Tuesday night – simply awesome!!
So as I sit in my apartment with NO CLASS and bad weather, I'll have to admit, I'm liking it.


text:
SPRINGFIELD – The anticipation of the upcoming holidays can create more stress than the holidays themselves, especially for someone who is grieving the loss of a loved one. Yet, for some, this special time of year may also offer a reprieve from sad feelings, and they may find themselves caught up in the moment as they experience the joy of family and friends around them.
"Planning for the approaching holidays is the first step in developing your coping strategy. There is really no one right way to deal with the holidays, but you can begin by making decisions that are comfortable for you and your family," said Marlene Quinlan LICSW, oncology social worker, Baystate Regional Cancer Program.
"Holiday preparations, traditions, and family time may all feel less than normal. It is important to remember that your emotions and energy level are strongly connected. So, get plenty of rest and pay attention to healthy eating. Plan self-care activities that will feed your mind, body and spirit," she added.
The longtime social worker noted when preparing for the holidays, include activities important to you and your family. Share the load and accept offers of help. If some activities are too difficult or draining, set limits or decide to drop them, she said.
In the spirit of Thanksgiving, Quinlan suggests turning to feelings of gratitude.
"Gratitude is a very healing emotion. As an oncology social worker, I recommend that individuals practice a gratitude-centering exercise on a daily basis," said Quinlan.
She suggests beginning by focusing on gratitude for the first 20 minutes of the day. Then, at the end of 20 minutes, take one "gratitude" with you for the day. Throughout the remainder of the day, if you notice that you are having distressing or sad thoughts, shift your thinking to the pre-selected gratitude, which may help you manage your emotions during the holidays.
And, don't let the stress of gift-giving get you down.
"Shop early. Order by catalog or online, or consider a donation to a worthy cause and limit buying to one or two special people," suggested Quinlan.
The Baystate social worker said to consider the fact that stores are filled with holiday cheer and greetings, and that you may want to be prepared for your emotional reaction, as well as having a greeting response that you are comfortable using.
"It is stressful to experience the holidays without your loved one, but you can find ways to honor and include them. Consider finding a way of formally remembering your deceased loved one, such as serving his or her favorite dessert and then reflecting on the joy that it brought to them in the past." As a family, you can add a memory ritual into your holiday by including a special activity like looking at old photo albums, or making or displaying a special decoration with significant ties to the deceased," she added.
And, don't be afraid to express your emotions, which can be very helpful, noted the social worker, who suggested undertaking daily journaling for the holiday season.
"This is a way of disclosing your thoughts and feelings, both positive and negative. Devoting 20 minutes a day for several days of the week to this activity can help you process your emotions and counteracts the effects of stress," said Quinlan.
Equally challenging during the holiday season is the difficulty of maintaining traditions and feeling joyful when you are caring from someone who is seriously ill.
According to Patricia Cocozza, hospice bereavement chaplain at Baystate Visiting Nurse Association and Hospice in Springfield, doing everything the way you always did for the holidays may not be realistic. She suggests discussing with the person who is ill what traditions they would most like to focus on.
"Do they want to purchase presents, have a family gathering, or get a Christmas tree? Discuss the simplest ways to accomplish their wishes. Maybe it's giving a gift card instead of shopping for the perfect gift. Or, instead of working for hours on the holiday meal for everyone, delegate to others certain dishes they can bring," said Cocozza.
Entertaining others can be exhausting for both the caregiver and patient.
"Explain to family and friends that their visits must be limited in time. Also, schedule visits on different days or times so everyone doesn't come at once," said Cocozza.
"Remember, despite the emphasis on family gatherings and gift-giving portrayed in the media, one of the best and most lasting gifts is the gift of time. Be present to the one who is ill and also take time to be present to your own needs and concerns. The gift of your time and attention will be the gift of love," she added.
If you have experienced prolonged grief and it is interfering with your ability to function, it may be helpful to consider bereavement counseling.
For more information on Baystate Medical Center, visit baystatehealth.org/bmc, or for more information on Baystate Visiting Nurse Association & Hospice, visit baystatehealth.org/bvnah.


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Mar 09, 2015
See various ZoomCharts exmaples in our online examples gallery. Each of examples has sample source code exposed.See ZoomCharts examples
ZoomCharts licensing is transparent and simple, yet widely configurable to fit your company's needs and budget.See pricing
ZoomCharts Advanced Visuals family has a newcomer – the long-awaited Advanced Graph Visual. This is the first visual for Microsoft Power BI platform,... Read MoreMay 10, 2019
Dig Deeper Into Your Data By Using Business Intelligence Tools There is a common saying that states you should work smarter not harder;... Read MoreSep 01, 2018
Power BI Custom Visuals: The Way to Create Outstanding and Comprehensible Reports If your job description involves anything related to data... Read MoreJun 01, 2018
Meet ZoomCharts Donut Visual: Customer Experience At ZoomCharts we're always working on improving our visuals as it's important for us to... Read MoreMar 01, 2018
2017.gada 2.-3.novembrī SIA "Data Visualization Software Lab" piedalījās starptautiskā konferencē "Data Visualization Summit 2017", kas... Read MoreJan 03, 2018
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Blizzard 2013
Connecticut College students walk the snow covered lanes of the college taking advantage of the college being closed to enjoy the snow as a serious winter storm hits the seacoast area hard Friday, Feb. 8, 2013.
James Jandreau slides down the hill at the Greeneville play area with his daughter Madison, 3, in Norwich Friday, Feb. 8, 2013.
Catherine Hyland, left, and Chris Walsh, center, talk to Norwich Police Officer Richard Cannata after the car in which they were driving slid off Beech St. and crashed into the front port of #15 Friday, Feb. 8, 2013.
Dion Barker, 10, carries a load of laundry into the Wauregan Laundromat on Broadway in Norwich to help his mother Tayla, (not pictured) as snow blankets the region Friday, Feb. 8, 2013.
Robert Maynard shovels in front of the Lawrence R. Shea Building on Bank Street to try and keep up as snow falls on New London Friday, Feb. 8, 2013, at the start of what may be an historic blizzard that could possibly drop about two feet of snow by the time it ends Saturday afternoon.
Ledyard and Center Groton firefighters work the scene of a single car, rollover accident on Center Groton Road in Ledyard Friday Feb. 8, 2013, as a serious winter storm hits the seacoast area hard.
Connecticut College students take full advantage of the college being closed to enjoy a snow football game as a serious winter storm hits the seacoast area hard Friday, Feb. 8, 2013.
Gov. Dannel P. Malloy has declared a state of emergency in response to the approaching blizzard, which he said could produce as much as 36 to 40 inches of snow Friday and Saturday.
Related Articles:
CL&P has now restored power to most southeastern Connecticut residents


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Share your vehicle reviews0
This is probably going to make no sense, but this is the deal I'm trying to work
Should come to $299 a month with a $1,000 down. Now since the first months payment is included in the $1,000 in reality I'm only putting $700 towards my cap cost correct? So if I am techincally only putting $700 towards the cap cost then the monthly price would go up by $9 making a grand total of $308 per month...right?0
I don't know how many months you are talking about, but what about the acquisition and DMV fees? Sounds to me like, with $1k due at signing, you aren't applying anything to the car itself. If paying first month up front, you are actually adding several hundred bucks to your cap cost, no?
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
Ok now I'm officially lost. It's 36 months, 12,000 miles. If I put all those numbers in the lease calculator (including $1,000 down) I get
Total Loan Amount $28,427
Monthly Payment (tax included) $299
I thought that the DMV fees and the first month had to be paid up front? I would need to put down at least $700 to pay those off to drive off. If I rolled those in wouldn't my monthly payment go up? Or are you saying I should negotiate the price of the car lower?0
Ok I see what your saying. The final neg. price would be $28402. You would have to add DMV ($450) and ACQUISITION ($595) fee to this which would make the cap cost $29,427.
I want to pay first month, DMV fees which is $730 and add the $280 as a cap reduction totaling $1000 down. I'm doing this to get my payment to be $300, I don't want to go much higher then that.
That's what I'm asking though I want to put $1,000 down, the first month is going to have to come out of that or they are going to roll it into the payments so technically I'm only putting $700 down right? Which means at that negotiated price, my monthly is going to go up by $9 correct?0
Well, I THINK you could tack the first month onto the end. I could be wrong. So, in other words, instead of first month up front and 35 payments, you actually make 36 payments, starting 30 days after you get into the car. Again, I could be totally off base here, but worth looking into.
In any case, yes, $300 additional cap cost should be roughly $9.
I haven't run your numbers through a lease calculator, but don't forget tax on the monthly payment.
edit: oK, ran it through calculator. Looks like you are right on the money. It is still telling me, however, that you should be at $300/mo with tax after just $1k down. That's probably calculating like I did above, that you would make 36 payments, not the first payment up front.
Heckuva deal on a $30k car.
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
Ok great, thanks for the help, much appreciated.0
Getting close to leasing a car, but every calculator / formula I use produces different results... so I figured I'd just ask.
I've tried about 5 different ones, as well as creating my own based on formulas found here, on bankrate, and one or two others.... all end up different.
So - if anyone can point me to a true formula, that'll really help!
It's pretty much a straight math formula... Check out Post #1 in this discussion for specifics...
I do it on a spreadsheet that my then 12-yr-old son made for me...
Did you get a good deal? Be sure to come back and share!
Edmunds Moderator0
Thanks Kirstie -
Well... that's the one I used just before posting!
FWIW that gave me a monthly (including taxes) of 356.92; Edmunds gave me a monthly including taxes of 282.51. Obviously a pretty significant difference!
Numbers are 29,625 msrp, 27,625 cap cost, 36 months, .6 res value, .0016.
I'm sure I'm messed something up... not sure what it is though!
That's $346.25, pre-tax...
Did you get a good deal? Be sure to come back and share!
Edmunds Moderator0
Ok - mind giving me a hint at how you got to that number?
what are you entering into edmunds' calculator?
I entered what you listed above, excluded acquisition and DMV since you didn't list any, used 17775 as the residual, and assumed 7% tax. It spits out $382/mo for 36 mos.
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
Hi again -
27,625 cap cost, 36 months, .6 res value (17775 based on MSRP) (I see Edmunds doesn't provide for entering MSRP?), .0016 money factor with 2,000 down. I get $338, tax included!
That was kyfdx who responded rather than me, but I'm always happy to take credit for others' work.
Need help navigating? [email protected] - or send a private message by clicking on my name.
Share your vehicle reviews0
Oops -
Well, then... thanks for the awesome pie we had on Saturday, too!0
You added $600 title/registration, and didn't mention the $2000 downpayment... (or, Edmunds calculator did...)
I did a straight calculation, based on the parameters you gave me...
Cap cost - residual = depreciation which is then divided by the lease term in months..
(Cap cost + residual) X money factor = monthly finance charge.
Monthly depreciation + monthly finance charge = lease payment.
Taxes vary depending on state and rate..
Did you get a good deal? Be sure to come back and share!
Edmunds Moderator0
$2k down makes a huge difference, obviously. About $60/mo.
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
stever Posts: 52,462A reporter would like to speak to someone who is going to be in the market for a new car in the next few months because their lease is expiring. If you fit this description, please email your daytime contact info to [email protected] by Friday, January 25, 2013 at noon PT/3 p.m. ET.0
I was given a quote for a '13 Acadia Denali of $575 w/tax in NJ but after further research I am questioning the deal. I called the dealer and seem to be getting a lot of double talk so I want to confirm my calculations to make sure I have a leg to stand on. Thanks in advance...
Here's the deal:
Base Cap Cost $47564
Rebates $4000
Additional Fees (Acq, Title, etc) $1521
Residual (57%) $27813
Money Factor .00077
Term 39 months
sales Tax 7%
Monthly Payment $500 plus tax--NOT SURE WHAT PROPER AMOUNT IS ($34??)
The dealer claims they can't get to my number but are not disputing the money factor or residual. They keep talking about the sales tax but don't seem to be making sense to me. Even if sales tax is $34 month I'm still only at $534 not $575. In NJ, is sales tax paid by the lessee on the vehicle upfront? I didn't think it was but maybe I'm wrong and need to add additional money to cost of the vehicle???0
Need more details. I have no idea what base cap cost means as it is not a term defined in the FRBB's Reg M. I would ask the dealer for their lease worksheet. It will tell you everything you need to know and then some.
Here's what is missing...
Selling Price
Amounts capitalized in the lease
Gross Cap Cost
Taxable and Non-Taxable Cap Reductions
Adjusted Cap
If you can provide this information, I can compute your lease payment to the penny.
NJ computes sales tax based on the total of the taxable payments just like in Ohio.
J. Clark
The worksheet they gave me is useless as it doesn't list the items as you requested above. I will try to answer your questions the best I can.
Selling Price is $47564 (they told me they reduced the MSRP to this amount)
GM is offering $4000 in rebates ( I think this is referred to as Cap Adjustment)So this also needs to be factored into the final selling price.
I don't know how to answer the taxable and non-taxable cap reductions, sorry
All the following fees are to rolled into the monthly payments:
Bank Fee $595
Window Etch $239
Tire Fee 7.50
Title $401
Doc Fee $279
That's all the info I have so hopefully you can calculate it from this info and the other info in the previous post.0
ok, I received the worksheet from the dealer and now they found an even lower money factor. here is the info.
Base Residual Value 27813
Agreed Upon Value (Base Cap Cost) 47564
Upfront Sales Tax/Tax on Cash Cap Cost Reduction 1575
Acq Fee 595
Other 239
Gross Cap Cost 49974
Rebates (cap cost reduction) 2762
Adjusted Cap Cost 47211
Monthly payment $540 and that should include tax
It appears that they are now not giving me the full $4000 GM rebate. These guys are driving me nuts.0
When I see this...
"Upfront Sales Tax/Tax on Cash Cap Cost Reduction 1575"
I become very confused :confuse: Upfront Sales Tax??? Upfront means that it's paid at lease signing. Yet, you show that the "Upfront" Sales tax and tax on the cash cap cost reduction ($1575) is capitalized in the lease as the gross cap is $49,973. I assume you mean that the tax is paid to NJ "upfront" but is capped in the lease. It might be helpful if you could itemize what you're paying upfront.
You also stated...
"I received the worksheet from the dealer and now they found an even lower money factor."
Is that lower than the 0.00077 that you stated previously If so, what's the new lower money factor? 0.00075?
Here's what I get given the information you provided...
agreed upon value or sell price 47564.00
total NJ state sales tax (7.00%) 1578.10
acq fee 595.00
Other 239.00
gross cap 49976.10
cap reduction 2762.00
adj.cap 47214.10
residual (57% x MSRP) 27813.15
money factor 0.00077
term 39
payment including tax 555.23
Can't imagine how they get a payment of $520 including tax. Something just doesn't seem right. Honestly, the only way I can help you would be if you emailed me your dealer's lease worksheet. Otherwise, I'm guessing.
It just occurred to me that you're leasing a GMC Acadia Denali. If you're using Ally Bank as the fund provider, you should have been quoted an interest rate and not a money factor as Ally Bank does not use a money factor. I beieve the current rate is 1.85%. And, unless it has changed, Ally's acq fee is $795. That may be part of the problem.
thngpg3388 Posts: 4I'm a little confused regarding taxes on leases:
Do we pay tax upfront or as part of the monthly lease payment?
I'm in NJ where tax is (i think) paid on total monthly payment but the local acura dealership quoted me a price w/ tax and inception fees upfront.
Also- does the lessee pay the bank fees?0
in NJ, tax is on the payment.
And, yes, you pay bank fee (also called acquisition fee).
You CAN pay tax up front... but I can't see the point. It doesn't save you any money since interest is not charged on the tax.
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
Like Ohio, NJ tax is computed on the sum of the taxable payments. The tax can either be paid upfront by the lessee or the tax can be capitalized in the lease wherein interest is levied on the tax as it would be a part of the adjusted capitalized cost. If your cost of money is low compared with savings rates, it's best to capitalize the tax from a financial perspective.
J. Clark
Are you certain?
Because any lease I've done, I can figure out the base payment and then simply add 7% on top. If total use tax were calculated, then added to the payment prior to adding the interest, wouldn't that give me a very different net payment?
EDIT: Found this resource that tells me the tax is not charged interest: http://www.leasetips.com/salestax.htm
'18 BMW 330xi; '67 Coronet R/T; '14 Town&Country Limited; '18 BMW X2. 47-car history and counting!0
I'm positive. Most States compute the tax on the payment streams for which tax is payable as payments are received. However, some States like Ohio and NJ compute tax on the sum of the taxable payments. A taxable payment is computed and that, in turn, is multiplied by the lease term (months). This is the tax base upon which the tax rate is levied. NY does something similar. I've written some articles about this on my website. You may want to look at the following article...
Questions? Please let me know.
I'm not sure what you mean by net payment. The sum of the taxable payments is used only for purposes of establishing the tax base and levying the tax. The actual tax can be capped in the lease. Naturally, the taxable payment will be different than the regular lease payment if tax is capped.0


text:
Regular price €84,00
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text:
SHOPWORN - Modern Chess - Move by Move
A Step-By-Step Guide to Brilliant ChessProduct Code: SWB0286EM
Publisher: Everyman Chess
Author: Colin Crouch
Year of Publication: 2009
Pages: 414
Notation Type: Figurine (FAN)
Book DescriptionLeading chess author Colin Crouch selects and explains over 30 sensational games, all from the new millennium. By studying battles between the world's best players, Crouch examines in detail all the key areas of modern chess. Powerful attacking and resourceful defending, bloodthirsty tactical battles, profound positional mastery, deep opening preparation and superb endgame play are all in evidence here, while Crouch also explores the ever-increasing role of computers and the way human imagination can work in harness with them.
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Attention NYC residents: Street magic legend David Blaine would like your help. All you have to do is let him blow your mind.
Blaine will be performing magic on Times Square for 72 hours straight — no sleep 'til Brooklyn. He's asking for your donations to the American Red Cross, which will be used for earthquake relief efforts in Haiti.


text:
A researcher has found that young female lawyers and other women professionals have slightly higher divorce rates than their male counterparts.
Law professor Robin Fretwell Wilson of Washington & Lee University is the author of the study. She says her study indicates that "women can't have it all because there is a social stigma to having or being a stay-at-home spouse."
Wilson spoke with the Wall Street Journal about her findings, based on her analysis of 100,000 young professionals in business, law and medicine. She found that 10 percent of women with law degrees were divorced, compared to 7 percent of male lawyers.
Wilson's study, which will be released next week, also found that female professionals are up to three times more likely to remain unmarried than men.
Economist Sylvia Ann Hewlett, who conducted research on high-achieving women in 2001, theorizes that highly educated women have higher divorce rates than their male counterparts because they are attracted to successful men, and can't give these men the care and support they need.
Hewlett has this advice for well-educated, high-earning women: Look for a husband who is particularly loving and supportive.
Source: "Women Lawyers Have Higher Divorce Rates, Need Loving Husbands, Researcher Says" by Debra Cassens Weiss, published in the ABA Journal Weekly Newsletter.


text:
A Growing List: A Guide to Azealia Banks's Beefs
Another rampage yesterday added 3 more beefs to the list.
You can call the teen quartet Mindless Behavior the much-needed return of the R&B boy band. In 2008, Princeton, Ray Ray, Roc Royal and Prodigy were brought together in Los Angeles by famed music producer Walter Millsap. Two years later, the future super group released the buzz-worthy single "My Girl," their infectious ode to texting. They also hit the road, touring as the opening act for Backstreet Boys, Justin Bieber and Janet Jackson. Fans cheered when they released their first album, #1 Girl, on September 20, 2011. The talented foursome later embarked on their own 25-city tour before dropping their sophomore LP, All Around the World, in March 2013.
Another rampage yesterday added 3 more beefs to the list.


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Veep sheet: Candidates in Colorado
Happy Friday and welcome back to the Veep Sheet. Mitt Romney tried to quell chatter yesterday that a certain announcement is imminent — he said he has yet to make a final decision on his running mate, the Los Angeles Times reported — but with the convention just a few weeks out, he's expected to make his pick soon. Romney appeared in Colorado yesterday with a number of possible veep options, so today, we sort through that and tell you what else is happening in running mate-land. We welcome your tips and insight: email@example.com.
( Also on POLITICO: 2012 Veep Watch)
Story Continued Below
Gubernatorial goodwill
In Colorado yesterday , Romney appeared with a slew of prominent Republican governors — some of whom have been mentioned as possible running mates — and enjoyed praise from the likes of Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell, Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal and former GOP primary foe Rick Perry, governor of Texas. Beth Myers, who is spearheading Romney's veep search, accompanied him on the trip. The Hill reported:
"McDonnell, who chairs the [Republican Governors Association], pledged that he was turning Virginia 'from Obama blue to Romney red in 90 days.' Hammering a familiar refrain for the Romney campaign, he mocked President Obama's recent 'you didn't build that' comment at a campaign stop in his home state.
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text:
PARIS, FRANCE and SAN DIEGO, CA – February 22nd, 2011 – SYSTRAN, the leading provider of language translation technologies, today announced the availability of a prototype of its hybrid machine translation (MT) engines dedicated to the translation of European Union legal documents into 56 language pairs.
Last year SYSTRAN announced that "excellent results were achieved by training its new award-winning hybrid MT engines on the DGT Multilingual Translation Memory of the Acquis Communautaire" 1. Enthused by its success, SYSTRAN has continued its research program to cover 56 language pairs with high quality translation results.
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2. Create a SYSTRAN account for free to access the SYSTRAN – Acquis Communautaire prototype and some free SYSTRAN services. To create a free SYSTRAN account click here.


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There are a lot of reasons why you might find yourself unable to pay your mortgage. You may have negotiated bad terms for your loan, you may encounter financial hardships, or you may be living …Continue reading »
Author: Shae H
Have An Idea? How To Start A Startup
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5 Necessities For Your Security System
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text:
She Demons (1958)
Directed by Richard Cunha / Richard E. CunhaGenres - Horror, Science Fiction | Sub-Genres - Sci-Fi Horror | Run Time - 76 min. | Countries - United States | MPAA Rating - NR
Share on
Synopsis by Hal Erickson
Irish McCalla, the statuesque heroine of TV's Sheena Queen of the Jungle, heads the cast of She Demons. Shipwrecked on a volcanic island, spoiled heiress Jerrie Turner (McCalla) and explorers Fred (Tod Griffin) and Sammy (Victor Sen Yung) fall into the clutches of unreconstructed Nazi scientist Osler (Rudolph Anders). Experimenting exclusively on beautiful, busty women, Osler hopes to create a race of super-persons, infusing his subjects with a powerful element known only as Character X. Fred and Sammy race against time to save Jerrie from becoming another of Osler's hideously mutated victims. She Demons is another triumph from director Richard Cunha, whose science-fiction quickies of the 1950s are among the worst films ever made.
accident, experiment, mad-scientist, monster, mutant, Nazism, rampage, scientist, stranded, zombie


text:
In the HoTT book issue 460 a question by gluttonousGrandma (where do people get these nicknames?) once more exposed a common misunderstanding that we tried to explain in section 5.8 of the book (many thanks to Bas Spitters for putting the book into Google Books so now we can link to particular pages). Apparently the following belief is widely spread, and I admit to holding it a couple of years ago:
An inductive type contains exactly those elements that we obtain by repeatedly using the constructors.
If you believe the above statement you should keep reading. I am going to convince you that the statement is unfounded, or that at the very least it is preventing you from understanding type theory.
Let us consider the most famous inductive type, the natural numbers $\mathtt{nat}$. It has two constructors:
- the constant $0$, called zero
- the unary constructor $S$, called successor
So one expects that the elements of $\mathtt{nat}$ are $0$, $S(0)$, $S(S(0))$, …, and no others. If our type theory is good enough, we can prove a meta-theorem:
Metatheorem: Every closed term of type $\mathtt{nat}$ is of the form $S(S(\cdots S(0) \cdots ))$.
(Incidentally, before another reddit visitor finds it productive to interpret "is of the form" as syntactic equality, let me point out that obviously I mean definitional equality.) This can be a very, very misleading metatheorem if you read it the wrong way. Suppose I told you:
Metatheorem: There are countably many closed terms of type $\mathtt{nat} \to \mathtt{nat}$.
Would you conclude that the type of functions $\mathtt{nat} \to \mathtt{nat}$ is countable? How would that reconcile with the usual diagonalization proof that $\mathtt{nat} \to \mathtt{nat}$ is uncountable?
Notice that I am carefully labeling above as "metatheorems". That is because they are telling us something about the formal language that we are using to speak about mathematical objects, not about mathematical objects themselves. We must look at the objects themselves, that is, we must interpret the type in a model.
Let us call a model exotic if not every element of (the interpretation of) $\mathtt{nat}$ is obtained by finitely many uses of the successor constructor, starting from zero. Here are some non-exotic models:
- In set theory the natural numbers are just the usual ones $\mathbb{N}$.
- In the category of topological spaces and continuous maps the natural numbers are the usual ones, equipped with the discrete topology. (Exercise: why not the indiscrete topology?)
- In the syntactic category whose objects are types and whose morphisms are expressions, quotiented by provably equality, the above meta theorem tells us that there are no exotic numbers.
And here are some exotic models:
- Consider the category of pointed sets. Recall that a pointed set $(A, a)$ is a set $A$ with a chosen element $a \in A$, called the point. A morphism $f : (A, a) \to (B, b)$ is a function $f : A \to B$ which preserves the point, $f(a) = b$. Computer scientists can think of the points as special "error" values. You might try to take $(\mathbb{N}, 0)$ as the interpretation of $\mathtt{nat}$. But this cannot be right because that would force $0$ to be always mapped to the point. In fact, the correct thing is to adjoin a new point $\bot$ to $\mathbb{N}$, so we get $(\mathbb{N} \cup \lbrace \bot \rbrace, \bot)$. The exotic element $\bot$ does not create any trouble because all morphisms are forced to map it to the point.
- Consider the category of sheaves on a topological space $X$. The type $\mathtt{nat}$ corresponds to the sheaf of continuous maps into $\mathbb{N}$, where $\mathbb{N}$ is equipped with the discrete topology. The elements corresponding to $0$, $S(0)$, $S(S(0))$, etc. are the constant maps. If $X$ is connected then these are all of them, but otherwise there are going to me many more continuous maps $X \to \mathbb{N}$. For example, if $ X = 2 = \lbrace 0, 1 \rbrace$ is the discrete space on two points, then the object of natural numbers in sheaves on $X$ will constists of pairs of natural numbers because $\mathsf{Sh}(2) = \mathsf{Set} \times \mathsf{Set}$.
- It would be a crime not to mention the non-standard models, historically the first exotic models (I hope that's correct). In these the natural numbers obtain many new exotic elements through the ultrapower construction. (To fit these into our scheme you need to consider the entire set-theoretic model formed by an ultrapower, not just an ultrapower of $\mathbb{N}$.)
In all of these $\mathtt{nat}$ gains new elements through a process of completion which makes sure that the structure obtained has certain properties. In the case of pointed sets the completion process makes sure that there is a distinguished point. In the case of sheaves the completion process is sheafification, which makes sure that the natural numbers are described by local information. I do not know what the ultrapower construction is doing in terms of it being a completion. (The ultrapower is really a two-step process: first we take a power and then a quotient by an ultrafilter. The power is just a special case of sheaves, so that is a completion process. But in what sense is quotienting a completion process?)
The situation is a bit similar to that of freely generated algebraic structures. The group freely generated by a single generator (constructor) is $\mathbb{Z}$, because in addition to the generator we have to throw in its inverse, square, cube, etc. These are not equal to the generator because there is a group with an element which is not equal to its own inverse, square, cube, etc. If the freely generated group is to be free it must make equal only those things which all groups make equal.
It is therefore better to think of an inductive type as freely generated. The generation process throws in everything that can be obtained by successive applications of the constructors, and possibly more, depending on what our model looks like.
Once you convince yourself that the natural numbers really can contain exotic elements, and that this is not just some sort of pathology cooked up by logicians, it should be easier to believe that the identity types may be non-trivial.
Let me further address two issues. The first one is this: in type theory we can prove that every natural number is either zero or a successor of something. Does this not exclude the exotic elements? For instance, in sheaves on the discrete space on two points, how is the element $(0, 42)$ either zero or a successor? It is not zero, because that would be $(0, 0)$, but it is not a successor either because its first component is $0$. Ah, but we must remember the local character of sheaves: in order to establish a disjunction it is sufficent to establish it locally on the elements of a cover. In the case of $\mathsf{Sh}(2)$ we just have to do it separately on each component: the first component of $(0, 42)$ is zero, and the second one is a successor, so all is fine. There is a difference between the internal statement "every number is zero or a successor" and its external meaning.
The second issue is a bit more philosophical. You might dislike certain models, and because of that you deny or ignore arguments that employ them. The reasons for disliking models vary: some people just ignore things they do not know about ("Oh sheaves, I do not know about those, but here is what happens in sets."), some insist on doing things in certain ways ("We shall only truly understand the Univalence axiom when we have a computational re-interpretation of it in type theory"), and some just believe what they were taught ("Classical set theory suffices for all of mathematics").
There are any number of theorems in logic which tell us that the "unintended" models are unavoidable (recall for instance the Löwenheim-Skolem theorem). Instead of turning a blind eye to them we should accept them because they allow us to complete an important process in mathematics:
- Based on previous mathematical experience, formulate a theory. Examples:
- from drawing lines and points, formulate some geometric axioms,
- from high-school math class, formulate some arithmetical laws,
- from ideas of what computation is about, formulate type theory.
- Look for other models, even if they are not "desired". Examples:
- discover non-Euclidean geometries,
- discover exponential fields,
- discover homotopy-theoretic models of type theory.
- Study the new models to gain new mathematical experience.