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Modern Industries, Inc.
613 W 11th Street
PO Box 399
Erie, PA 16512
West Building, Level 3 - 432380
About Modern Industries, Inc.
mPower is the product development division of Modern Industries, a diversified, multi-division corporation founded in 1946.
As a manufacturing operation that faces global competition, we fully understand that the need work to faster, smarter and at a lower cost is the key to success in today's competitive marketplace.
The mPower line includes the SpeedLoc™ precision quickchange fixturing and mounting system, ModLoc™ modular tooling columns, SpinLoc™ indexers, and Spin-Select™ multi-pocket tool holders. The advanced technology engineered into our unique product line offers you numerous exclusive benefits.
SpeedLoc™ ---- at IMTS 2018 COME SEE FANUC ROBOTICS INTEGRATED WITH SPEEDLOC QUICKCHANGE
No quick change fixture mounting system available today for tooling and workholding equipment compares to the speed, ease of installation and precise repeatability offered by the SpeedLoc™ precision fixturing and mounting system. SpeedLoc offers .0004" repeatability, significantly greater hold down strength and our patented self extracting design. All at a fraction of the cost compared to zero point systems. No one can compare to the mPower SpeedLoc system.
SpeedLoc can also be integrated into mPower's Modular tooling columns or cast tooling columns manufactured by Abbott and TombstoneCity. Ask for our special fixture plate docking system along with speedloc to decrease fixture change over time while improving saftey and ease of loading.
Spin-Select™ -- NEW FOR 2018 --- SpinSelect DRIVEN BY LIVE TOOLING STATION !
Our Spin-Select™ tool was created to increase productivity and consistency by decreasing downtime associated with lathe cutting tool and insert setups or changeovers. This product is a game-changer for the industry. Spin select allows automated lather cells to operate at least 5X longer between insert changes, without redundant tool holders.
SpinSelect's patented, unique design allows for quick indexing and changing between its five pockets with a simple ¼ turn of a socket head cap screw. Each pocket can house a different tool, allowing for a quick change between operations without having to requalify the tools. It excels at cutting harder materials, as the pockets are 30% stronger than traditional shank tools, allowing more rigid tools to be loaded.
Designed for use on most lathes having a turret or tool post, SpinSelect™ offers significantly better throughput on machining tasks such as heavy roughing, harder material removal, and short runs. Machining operators have seen up to an 85% savings on changeover and setup times as SpinSelect™ creates a nearly continuous runtime with offline insert changes/reloading.
mPower's™ SpinLoc™ indexers provide an economical way to expand the capabilities of your existing vertical and horizontal machining centers with 4th or 5th axis accessibility to the work piece. SpinLoc's™ unique, patented rotary indexer delivers mechanically actuated 5° movement without costly external power supplies or hydraulic pumps.
SpinLoc's™ vertical pump indexers are also available for VMC/HMC applications and for use on the exclusive SpeedLoc™ Trunnion Kit. No other system compares to the range of features, benefits and operating advantages of SpinLoc™. Consider how these exclusive indexers can positively impact your competitive edge.
In designing the unique ModLoc™ modular tooling columns, mPower™ engineers borrowed heavily from the principles of advanced structural engineering to produce a tooling column where the fixture plates essentially become the structure and strength of the system.
Rigid and strong, yet substantially lighter than cast tombstones, ModLoc™ modular tooling columns assemble quickly and feature an open architecture that is ideal for systems requiring hydraulic or electrical control systems.
ModLoc™ modular tombstones take full advantage of the incredible precision and efficiency of the SpeedLoc™ work holding system to cut fixture plate setups to just seconds.
- Automation & Material Handling > Workpiece Handling, Loading and Feeding Equipment
- Cutting & Forming Tools > Cut-Off Tools/Attachments
- Cutting & Forming Tools > Facing Tools/Heads
- Cutting & Forming Tools > Tool Holders and Adapters
- Cutting & Forming Tools > Tooling Systems, Modular and/or Quick-Change
- Machine Components and Accessories > Connectors & Fasteners
- Machine Components and Accessories > Indexers and Rotary Tables
- Machine Components and Accessories > Machinery Mountings, Levels, Anchors, Dampers
- Machine Components and Accessories > Milling Heads/Attachments
- Machine Components and Accessories > Tool Turrets
- Services > Consulting Services
- Services > Contract Manufacturing and Machining Services
- Services > Tool Repair, Coating, and Treatment Services
- Workholding Devices > Angle & Sub Plates
- Workholding Devices > Chucks, Index
- Workholding Devices > Fixturing Systems
- Workholding Devices > Workholding, Custom


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Hilltop Unit
1500 State School Road, Gatesville, Texas 76598
Hilltop Unit Visiting Information:
Visiting Hours are as follows:
Visits are normally conducted on Saturdays and Sundays between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. The names of all visitors, 18 years old and older (except offender's attorney), must be on the approved Visitors list, with a limit of 10 people. For more information on visiting an inmate click here and read the visiting rules and regulations. Since visiting times change frequently we suggest you contact the institution directly at the number provided above.
No time limit unless space availability is limited.
Have a Question/Comment about Hilltop Unit ?
Please be respectful (Terms of Service Rules)

subset: commoncrawl


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You may remember Elle Mcpherson as the lithe, leggy and lovely supermodel that graced the covers of a record five Sports Illustrated Swimsuit issues in the 1980's and countless fashion magazines in the 1990's, which is why she came to be called "The Body." The Elle Macherson Body brand has been designed for women who are modern, with a bold outlook and self confidence, providing a youthful look that transcends age or body shape. The brand encompasses the Australian free spirit and incorporates an uncontrived, dynamic look that's sexy and strong.
Elle McPherson Body provides a luxury designer look in lingerie that may be worn every day and is affordable. Her new intimates collections carried at HerRoom include:
The Body collection, inspired by a sports aesthetic, and includes a t-shirt bra, microfiber demi bra, balconette demi bra and a microfiber bodysuit.
The Zest collection features gorgeous daily wear stretch lace with contrast color tassel at center front.
The Touch collection combines a geometric mini-print with contrasting color stetch trim and includes a T-shirt bra, bralette and hiphugger panties.
The Crisp net t-shirt bra has a modern, sporty look with mesh cup overlays.


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May 07, 2010
LOS ANGELES -- Dart Container Corporation, the world's largest manufacturer of foam cups and containers, has pledged $75,000 in support to the UCLA Anderson School of Management.
The three-year grant will establish the Dart Containers Social Entrepreneurship Fund, providing financial support to students interested in effecting positive social impact on both local and global scales. This Fund could be deployed on a variety of Anderson programs, such as student-created Applied Management Research projects aimed at exploring issues like the environment or microfinance; summer internships for students interested in working for nonprofits or public/government organizations; or fellowships for students interested in social entrepreneurship. These new opportunities will greatly aid existing efforts, both at Anderson and throughout UCLA -- such as the Leaders in Sustainability program -- in making a lasting difference in communities throughout the world.
Established in 1937, Dart Container achieved early success producing high-quality insulated foam cups, which later expanded into a huge variety of single-use products for the foodservice, retail, and packaging industries. Dart now operates production facilities throughout the world.
Dart strives to set industry standards for excellence by producing effectively with a minimum of waste and expense. The company has established award-winning recycling programs throughout the country, and is a signatory to Operation Clean Sweep, a voluntary "best practices" industry program that is designed to prevent the release of plastic pellets into the environment.
About UCLA Anderson School of Management
UCLA Anderson School of Management, established in 1935, is regarded among the leading business schools in the world. UCLA Anderson faculty members are renowned for their teaching excellence and research in advancing management thinking. Each year, UCLA Anderson provides management education to more than 1,800 students enrolled in MBA, Fully-Employed MBA, Executive MBA, UCLA-NUS Global Executive MBA, Master of Financial Engineering, and doctoral programs, and to more than 2,000 professional managers through executive education programs. Combining highly selective admissions, varied and innovative learning programs, and a world-wide network of 36,000 alumni, UCLA Anderson develops and prepares global leaders.


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From the kitchen of One Perfect Bite...My New Year's resolution this year was to lose weight. I actually did it and hit my goal weight this morning. Whether it was the result of dieting or the worry that accompanies major life style changes I'll never know, but I've been walking on air for most of the day. Soups like the one I'm featuring tonight have been one of my secret weapons. A bowl of this fabulous creation is just over 200 calories and everyone of them is delicious. As it happens, except for the most restricted food budgets, the soup is also a perfect choice for a Frugal Friday feature. It is simple to make and can be on the table in less than 30 minutes. Do try this one. It made my socks go up and down and I think you'll love it. Here is how this fast, fabulous, frugal, figure friendly soup is made.
Orzo Soup with Spinach and Peas...from the kitchen of One Perfect Bite courtesy of Fine Cooking magazine
6 cups lower-salt chicken or vegetable broth
1/2 cup orzo
1-1/2 teaspoons dried oregano
Kosher salt
1/4 cup coarsely grated yellow onion
1-1/2 oz. (1-1/2 cups) finely grated Parmesan cheese
3 cups baby spinach
1/2 cup frozen peas
2 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
Freshly ground black pepper
1) Combine broth, orzo, oregano, and 1 teaspoon salt in a 3- to 4-quart pot. Cover and bring to a boil over high heat. Uncover, add onion, and reduce heat to medium. Simmer until orzo is just tender, about 2 to 3 minutes.
2) Remove from heat, and whisk in cheese until fully incorporated. Stir in spinach, peas, and lemon juice. Season to taste with salt and pepper, and serve immediately. Yield: 4 servings.
Older Posts
One Year Ago Today: Two Years Ago Today:Pasta with Lamb Sauce Apricot and Almond Cookies
Three Years Ago Today: Four Years Ago Today:Pumpkin Peanut Risotto Moroccan Carrots


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Return of the Nemesis…
It may be brief, but the view from the top is magnificent…
After tonight's games, the Yankees may or may not be in first place, but at least they started the day that way. Of course, the last time I was excited about this was at the start of the last series with the Boston Red Sox. That didn't end so well for me, and a pink hat and a Red Sox shirt later; the Yanks were back chasing the Sox in the standings.
Once again, thanks to a series sweep of the Minnesota Twins, combined with a Red Sox loss last night, the Yankees were once again tied atop the AL East Standings with Boston (despite the 0-8 mark against same).
Associated Press
The Yankees open a weekend series against the Los Angeles Angels in Anaheim tonight. Of all the teams I want to face right now, the Angels aren't one of them. For whatever reason, the Yankees have historically not done very well against the Angels. I don't know the exact stats off the top of my head, but it seems that the team loses more than it wins against those pesky Halos. I'd like to say that this dates back to the 2002 play-offs, but it has been much longer than that. I remember teams with Bobby Grich, Rod Carew, and Reggie Jackson giving the Yankees fits.
Getty Images
You can't say that the Angels' mastery over the Yankees is because the team doesn't match up very well against the Angels. If you compare the starters of Game 4 of the 2002 American League Division Series in Anaheim on October 5, 2002, only Derek Jeter and Jorge Posada remain with their original team (you could consider Juan Rivera but he has switched sides). The Yankees lost that night, 9-5, effectively ending the Yankees' most recent World Series run. But despite the roster turnover, the Angels' domination continues.
Getty Images
I wish I understood the reason, but the Yankees did to figure out the Angels if they want a chance to return to the World Series.
I know, they also need to figure out Baltimore and Boston. But one thing's for sure, they know Minnesota!
For the record, the Red Sox won tonight, so pending the Yankees game against the Angels (which starts shortly), the Sox are up by a ½ game. Why is it that Boston gets the Royals while the Yankees get the Angels? It's so not fair! 😉
I thought the New York Mets' acquisition of Jeff Francoeur from the Atlanta Braves for Ryan Church was a solid move. I realize that Francoeur has struggled the last couple of years, but I still think that the "light bulb" will eventually come on and he'll be every bit the productive player that he showed in Atlanta when he first came up.
I still think that there's no way that either the Red Sox or the Yankees will trade for Roy Halladay. Both teams have done such a great job protecting their young talent in recent years, and it would "break the bank" to bring Doc to Boston or New York. They've mentioned the Philadelphia Phillies as the front-runner and I agree with that, or perhaps the St. Louis Cardinals. I'd like to see the San Francisco Giants become a player but I don't think they have what it takes to make a deal. A starting rotation led by Tim Lincecum and Halladay would be incredible, and would definitely be a major roadblock in the Los Angeles Dodgers' attempt to crush the NL West.
Tony Avelar/AP
Luc Leclerc/US Presswire
I am definitely in agreement that the question is 'when' Brett Favre joins the Minnesota Vikings, not 'if'. He has apparently placed a $30,000 deposit on a condo in Edina, Minnesota. I am sure that he didn't do it just so he could go ice fishing this winter. The Vikings' single-game tickets go on sale July 20th, so an announcement could be forthcoming prior to that date. I don't think it is the right move and I think that Vikings coach Brad Childress will be forced to play Favre the entire season regardless of how he performs. There would be a huge stigma attached to the coach who "sat" Brett Favre. It's really shaping up to be a 'lose-lose' scenario…
Well, it's time to go check in to see how Mr. Chamberlain is doing…


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My girls love headbands. I love them, too, as they are such a cute, creative way to keep wispy hairs out of eyes and add a touch of easy fun to simple hairdos.
Alice and I were bored a few weeks ago and I had collected a bowl of broken vintage jewelry parts and old buttons and bright beads just awaiting a project. The girls had amassed quite the collection of headbands, many just plain or solid colors. Add a glue gun, and voila!
A whole new collection of quirky hair accessories! And who doesn't love a little bling in the spring, right?


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At Lolablue, we believe Angels are attracted to candlelight. May our candles bring you peace, light + love.
From start to finish. We take pride in creating, designing and packaging our products to be as earth-friendly as possible. Our glass is American made.
Our soy wax is pesticide & herbicide-free, NON-GMO, kosher certified, food grade, a renewable resource, biodegradable, paraffin & petroleum-FREE and is back with a Certificate of Analysis. We use unbleached cotton-cored wicks with phathate-free fragrance infused with essential oils for scent. We support American Farmers. Burn time: 50+ hours (depends on user)
PLEASE REUSE OUR GLASS. Use hot water and soap to clean out the glass, our wax is biodegradable. If wick does not pop out soak in water to loosen the glue. Makes a GREAT drinking glass or store FUN things in it.
GOOD CANDLE CARE: Important: Initial burn of our candles needs to be at least 4 hours. Soy has a memory when it burns and the initial burn is important to establish the first melt pool. Always keep wick trimmed after each burn.
Do not leave a candle unattended. Keep out of the reach of children & pets.


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PORTLAND — Prosecutors and the defense in the trial of a Falmouth couple accused of allowing teenagers to drink at a party on their property last year painted vastly different scenarios Monday of what happened that night.
Cumberland County's top prosecutor, District Attorney Stephanie Anderson, said in her opening statement that Barry and Paula Spencer knew minors were drinking at their Falmouth home on June 16, 2012 and did nothing to stop it.
Defense attorneys said the Spencers did not allow alcohol and did their best to control a party that got out of hand.
The Spencers are on trial in Cumberland County Unified District Court in Portland. Each faces nine misdemeanor counts of allowing minors to possess or consume liquor. They each face up to a year in jail and thousands of dollars in fines.
Both sides agree on some facts: The Spencers had permitted their son, Nick Spencer, the captain of the Falmouth High School baseball team, to hold a party at their house at 35 Fieldstone Lane to celebrate winning the state championship. The Falmouth High lacrosse team won its state championship the same day, and the party grew larger as members of the lacrosse team and their friends arrived.
But Barry Spencer's attorney, Walter McKee, said in court Monday that the Spencers made it clear the party was non-alcoholic, and that Barry Spencer spent the evening in the driveway stopping every teenager, searching bags for alcohol and dumping out any he found.
"They were doing the best they could under difficult circumstances to keep alcohol from being on the property," McKee said.
Paula Spencer's attorney, William Childs, read from the report of Falmouth Police Sgt. George Savidge, who stopped by the party: "(Barry Spencer) informed me that the party was alcohol free. However, Barry was concerned about alcohol being secreted onto his property."
Anderson called three witnesses, including two teenagers who were at the party, on the first day of what is expected to be a three-day trial with Judge Jeffrey Moskowitz presiding.
Anderson's first witness was Savidge, the police officer, who said he went to the Spencers' home around 10:40 p.m. after receiving an anonymous tip. He was greeted in the driveway by Barry Spencer.
"I told him that I was there investigating a tip that underage drinking was occurring," Savidge said. "He was very open and said he had a party going on and that he was the host to the baseball and lacrosse teams and that it was alcohol free."
Savidge said that he offered to help keep the party from getting out of control.
"I told him we would monitor the area around his property to make sure no one sneaked in," he said. "(Barry Spencer) would be responsible for his property, and we would be responsible for the area around his property."
Savidge said he then left, but went back about an hour later after another patrol officer stopped a car in the area driven by a woman whose daughter was in the passenger seat and appeared to be intoxicated.
Other officers broke up the party and took teenagers into custody. Savidge said he found a teenage boy passed out drunk on a neighbor's lawn.
"He was covered in vomit, and there was vomit where he was lying on the ground," he testified.
Callan Donovan said she was a student at Falmouth High at the time and learned about the party via text message.
Donovan, now 19, said she arrived with a backpack filled with beer and that no one at the party told her drinking was not allowed.
Donovan said the "majority" of the people at the party were drinking openly, that teenagers were playing a "beer pong" drinking game in the basement and that Nick Spencer had told them to put their empty beer cans in a plastic trash bag.
Donovan said when police arrived the second time, an officer pulled her to the ground when she tried to run. She was not charged and was promised immunity in exchange for her testimony, she said under cross-examination by McKee.
A 17-year-old Falmouth High student said she was given a beer at the party by a boy she didn't know and that her friends shared their mixed alcoholic drinks with her.
She said she was not told that drinking was not allowed, but said she saw Barry Spencer in the driveway after police came the first time and that partygoers tried to hide their alcohol after that.
"It definitely quieted down some, but there were definitely some kids that were still drinking," she said.
The teen testified she tried to drive home but was pulled over and taken into custody after she registered 0.03 percent blood alcohol level on a breathalyzer test. She lost her driver's license and was grounded by her parents into the following school year, she said.
The Falmouth case has sparked discussion on the Falmouth School Board about teenage substance abuse and parental responsibility.
Among the most controversial proposals from the board is a "knowingly present" clause, which would hold students responsible for illegal activity at a party they attend, even if they don't do anything wrong themselves.
The draft policy, which still requires a vote by the board, is to be presented at a board workshop at 7 p.m. Tuesday at Falmouth Elementary School.
Staff Writer Scott Dolan can be contacted at: 791-6304 or at
Send questions/comments to the editors.
MCP announces auditions for "The Mousetrap"
Hey, Balloon Festival-goers: Stop me if you've heard this one before…
Religion and Values
Churches arm, train congregants in wake of mass shootings
Connors Elementary School grand opening this Thursday
Maine Crime
Rash of burglaries hits Portland restaurants, stores


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The performer displays a large envelope with four Jumbo Queens. A spectator is asked to call out any of the four Queens - Queen of Spades, Hearts, Clubs or Diamonds. The four cards are removed from the envelope and fanned. There are three face down cards, with the selected Queen face up in the fan. This card is now turned face down, and the back is of a different color to the other three cards.
Do you own this product? Write a review.


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Tiger Woods PGA Tour 08 (PlayStation 3)
Published by
Developed by
Also For
ESRB Rating
Critic Score
100 point score based on reviews from various critics.
User Score
5 point score based on user ratings.
DescriptionThe 2008 edition in the Tiger Woods PGA series introduces enhancements and improvements to the previous version without major graphical or gameplay changes. There are new courses (Xbox 360/PS3: 5 new, 16 in total - PS2: 6 new, 18 in total) and different licensed professional golf players to choose from (21 on the Xbox 360/PS3 - 23 on the PS2/Wii).
The Xbox 360, PS2, PS3 and Windows versions allow players to import photos to create in-game faces on the characters based on custom images, using the Xbox Live Vision camera, PlayStation EyeToy, PlayStation Eye or a webcam. Further customizations include clothing, hair or eye color and more. The initial statistics can be improved by completing challenges based on power or putting precision. They can also be raised by performing well in the PGA Tour, taking into account skill shots and not just the overall ranking. Players can unlock additional golfers and spend their winnings in the shop on new equipment.
The game incorporates the FedExCup championship format (a collection of tournaments) with rounds of golf at Westchester Country Club, TPC Boston, Cog Hill, and East Lake. The putt preview has been improved, allowing the player to simulate the ball's path once per individual spot, taking into accounts elements such as power, speed and elevation. On the Xbox 360 and the PS3, shots are not performed using the analog stick, but with the 3-point timed principle for start, power and accuracy. Shot Confidence is a new addition, keeping track of the player's performance on certain courses, for specific puts and using certain clubs. Great performances raise the confidence, which translates into experience and better performance on specific courses. Low confidence leads to lower accuracy, a pumping heartbeat, and rumbling controls on the Wii.
The multiplayer (up to 4 players) has been expanded with GamerNet, where players can create and play custom challenges with their scores posted online (Xbox 360/PS3/Windows).
On the Wii, players can shake the controls to taunt the opponents with 4 different moves, to throw them off. It can be used to influence air conditions, spin, or adds audio distractions. The controls are available in 3 modes: Full Swing (wii remote), Sitting Swing (new, waggle the wii remote) or the classic controls using the nunchuck for analog play. In Full Swing, twisting the wii remote adds hooks and slices prior to shots. Also exclusive to the Wii is a Miniputt mode.
There are no PlayStation 3 user screenshots for this game.
There are 65 other screenshots from other versions of this game or official promotional screenshots.
Promo Images
Part of the Following Groups
- EA Sports games
- Electronic Arts PGA Tour Golf series
- Licensed title: Athletes
- PGA licensees
- Portability Engine: Cider
- Technology: FaceGen
- Tiger Woods PGA series
User Reviews
There are no reviews for this game.
Critic Reviews
|Sep 04, 2007
|Game Tap
|Aug 28, 2007
|9 out of 10
|Game Vortex
|Sep 14, 2007
|85 out of 100
|PGNx Media
|Sep 19, 2007
|8.5 out of 10
|Game Freaks 365
|8.5 out of 10
|Sep 07, 2007
|7.7 out of 10
|Oct 02, 2007
|7.1 out of 10
|Nov 01, 2007
|7 out of 10
|Video Game Talk
|Oct 23, 2007
|Aug 29, 2007
|7 out of 10
There are currently no topics for this game.
There is no trivia on file for this game.
Related Web Sites
- Tiger Burns Bright (An Apple Games article about the Macintosh version of PGA Tour 08 (October, 2007).)
- Tiger Woods PGA Tour 08 (Official game website)
- X360A achievement guide (X360A's achievement guide for Tiger Woods PGA Tour 08.)
There are no game credits on file for this release of the game. Everything in MobyGames is contributable by users.


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Business Groups Size Up Obama's Overtime Plan
Expected Proposal Prompts Debate About Whether It Would Benefit Low-Wage Workers
President Barack Obama's plan to propose new overtime protections for millions of American workers prompted a debate—echoing the one over his call for a higher federal minimum wage—about whether the effort would benefit low-wage and middle-class workers.
The president will launch the rule-change process Thursday at the White House, where he will sign a memorandum directing the labor secretary to revamp regulations that determine which salaried workers can earn overtime pay. Many businesses now aren't required to pay overtime...


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Haven't tested how reproducable this is.
Plan: Stack Wizard:Magic Affinity + Mysteria Annur: Refreshment
Result: Magic Affinity stops providing bonus conversion points
Current setup:
Orc Wizard
Level 9: 22/45xp
Favor: 28
Gold: 11
Conversion points: 20
Damage: 62 (69 -10%)
Health: 133/133
Mana: 9/16
Magic Sense
Magic Affinity
Magic Attunement
Alchemist's Pact
Physical Resist 65%
Stone skin: 5
Corrosion: 1
Current Items:
Glyph: (Fireball)
Glyph: (Biceps)
Glyph: IMAWALL
Glyph: ENDISWALL
Glyph: (Teleport)
Glyph: LEMMESI
Mana Potion x4
Health Potion x1
Perserverance Badge
I took Extra Glyph power. At start it didn't seem to reduce conversion value on potions, nor did it cancel/reduce conversion bonus from Magic Affinity when checking potion conversion ratio (Drag and Hover over conversion to check, didn't actually convert a potion with only 1-2 glyphs)
I recycled a bunch of items already, only stopped once I realized I wasn't getting the right conversion ratios.
I grabbed refreshment after recycling a lot of non-glyph stuff, I think conversion was working prior but I wasn't looking for it specifically since I checked potion conversions at the start


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Click Here to Watch Our TV Show Karma Kundali aur Jyotish on YouTube
हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए यहॉ किल्क करें
Related Articles : Vedic Poojas in Jyotish
Vedic Poojas for planets and nakshatras are among the most potent and trusted remedies of Vedic Jyotish and these pujas can be so powerful that they can even make some of the most impossible things come true for the native and for this reason, Vedic pujas have been given supreme importance in Vedic Jyotish and accordingly many astrologers make use of these pujas in order to gain benefits for their clients. Vedic Jyotish recommends the pooja for each planet among navagraha as well as the pooja for each nakshatra among 27 nakshatras, performed with a specific count of chant of their Veda Mantras in order to rectify various defects made by a nakshatra among 27 nakshatras or a planet among navagraha, in order to reduce the negativity of a malefic nakshatra or a planet in a horoscope as well as to strengthen already positive planets and nakshatras in a horoscope in order to get more gains from such planets and nakshatras. The procedure for conducting Vedic pooja for different nakshatras is different in some aspects and similar in some aspects but the basic rules and principles are the same in case of most of such Vedic pujas. In today's article we will discuss the procedure for conducting a Vedic puja for Uttarashada Nakshatra in order to pacify malefic Uttarashada Nakshatra in a horoscope or in order to gain benefits from already benefic Uttarashada Nakshatra in a horoscope.
Uttarashada Nakshatra puja is generally performed to rectify the malefic effects of Uttarashada Nakshatra in a horoscope and to pacify negative Uttarashada Nakshatra in a horoscope but this pooja can also be performed to increase the benefits given by benefic Uttarashada Nakshatra in a horoscope as in this case, Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja can provide more positivity and more strength to Uttarashada Nakshatra due to which Uttarashada Nakshatra will give its benefic effects to the native with more frequency and more quantum. Uttarashada Nakshatra puja is generally started on a Sunday and it is generally completed on a Sunday where the day of start of a Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja can sometimes change depending upon the time which is required by the Pandits doing this pooja to complete the chant of Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantra. Generally the Pandits are able to complete this chant or Jaap of Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda Mantra in 7 days and hence this pooja is generally started on a Sunday and it is completed on the following Sunday and all the necessary steps are for this pooja are conducted during this time which is Sunday to Sunday. Uttarashada Nakshatra puja vidhi or procedure may include many different steps at many stages and it is not possible to mention all of these steps here but we will cover most of the important steps for this pooja.
The most important step in performing any puja is to perform the chant of a Mantra specified for that pooja and this chant or jaap amounts to a number of 125,000 in most of the cases and accordingly a Uttarashada Nakshatra puja should ideally include a chant of 125,000 Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantras and rest of the procedure is built around this chant. To start with Uttarashada Nakshatra puja, a specific day is chosen for the start and completion of this puja both of which are Sundays in most of the cases. At the day of starting of this puja, a Sankalpam or resolution is taken by the Pandits which are usually 5 to 7 in number. In this Sankalpam, the head Pandit or the main Pandit takes an oath in front of Lord Shiva, Goddess Parvati and Lord Ganesha that he and his other assistant Pandits are going to perform a chant of 125,000 Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantras for a specific person who is the native and whose name, his father's name and his family surname is also mentioned in Sankalpam. The names of the Pandits doing this chant are also mentioned, the days taken to complete this chant are also mentioned which are generally 7 to 10 days and the specific wishes required by the native as a result of this puja are also mentioned and this is the first step which starts a Vedic Uttarashada Nakshatra puja. The specific wishes asked by the native may include rectification of a defect made by Uttarashada nakshatra, to reduce the negative or malefic effect of Uttarashada nakshatra or to gain more benefits from the already positive or benefic Uttarashada nakshatra in the horoscope of the native.
After this, all the Pandits start chanting Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantra on daily basis for about 8 to 10 hours a day and in such a way that they are able to complete the total chant of 125,000 mantras till the decided day of completion of this puja. The pundits keep on chanting the Uttarashada Nakshatra Ved mantra on daily basis till the day of the completion and they complete the committed chant of mantras on that day. After completion of chant of Uttarashada Nakshatra mantra, the completion ceremony is arranged for the puja which can take about 2-3 hours if done with proper procedure. A puja for lord Shiva, goddess Parvati, Lord Ganesha, other members of Shiv Parivaar and gods Vishwedevas who are the presiding lord of Uttarashada nakshatra, is performed first and many kinds of offerings like flowers, fruits, sweets, halwa, dhoop, Deepak, milk, curd, honey, desi ghee, sugar and many other things are offered to these gods and goddesses and the completion of the resolution or Sankalpam taken by the pandits is repeated and it is conveyed to the gods by pandits that they have completed the chant of 125,000 Uttarashada Nakshatra Ved mantra in the time promised by them and in the manner promised by them at the day of start of this pooja and it is also mentioned that all this chant and puja has been done on behalf of their client whose name and other details are again mentioned and it is then preyed that their client should be blessed with the good results of this Uttarashada Nakshatra puja since he has followed all the procedures for this puja and he has got this puja performed through pandits in order to get benefic results from Uttarashada Nakshatra. It should be noted here that this puja performed at the day of completion of Uttarashada Nakshatra puja follows specific procedures and accordingly this puja and procedure can differ for different kind of Vedic Poojas.
Things related to and the things signifying navagraha or some specific planets among navagraha are also offered and donated during the course of this final puja ceremony for Uttarashada Nakshatra puja and these things may include, rice, wheat, sugar, salt, oil, milk, blanket, copper utensils, pulses, lentils, white and black moles and some other things each of which relate to one or the other planet or nakshatra. After completion of this puja, the blessings are taken from the gods and goddesses and then the final ceremony of Havana is started which is the final and a very important ceremony as this is a ceremony through which a direct connection between the native and the corresponding planets or gods is established with the help of pandits and through the holy fire of havana. Havana is a very important and technical procedure and it should be done by expert pandits with great attention and care. After lighting the holy fire of havna, after starting the Havana and after doing the necessary formalities, the chant of Uttarashada Nakshatra Ved mantra is again started and this time with the completion of each mantra, a sound of Swaaha or Swaha is chanted by the pandits and upon the chant of this sound of Swaha or Swaaha, certain specific things which form the constituents of Puja Samagri and which can vary from puja to puja are offered in a specific way to the holy fire which has been lit to perform the Havana for Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja.
This process is repeated again and again and each time the pandits chant the sound of Swaaha or Swaha or Swaham after completing one chant of Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantra, puja samagri is offered to the holy fire of Havana in a specific way. Once the specific chant or Jaap of Uttarashada Nakshatra mantra fixed for the Havana is completed, some other important mantras are chanted which may differ from puja to puja and here again the puja samagri is offered to the holy fire of Havana at the sound of Swaha or Swaaha at the completion of each mantra. A dry coconut is finally cut and filled with certain specific things which may again be different for different pujas and this coconut is then placed in the holy fire of Havana as the final offering and with the chant of some specific mantras, and the desired result is again preyed by the pandits on behalf of the native. The client or the native is then asked to complete 1, 3 or 7 circles around the Havana kund where each one of these circular movement is called a Pradakshina or a Parikarama and upon the completion of this Parikarma the Uttarashada Nakshatra puja is completed. And though a Uttarashada Nakshatra puja includes some other steps and procedures than the ones mentioned above, but the above mentioned steps are the most important steps of a Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja and they should be done and executed by expert and established pandits. Missing some of the important procedures or not doing them properly can reduce the desired effects of the puja and the native may not get the proper benefic effect from his Uttarashada Nakshatra puja.
There are some precautions which should be observed by the native during the running time of his Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja otherwise he may not get proper results from such Uttarashada Nakshatra Puja. From the time of start of a Uttarashada Nakshatra puja till the time of completion of this pooja, the native for whom this pooja is being performed should abstain from eating non vegetarian food of all kind including fish and egg, he should stay away from liquors and alcohols of all kinds and he should also stay away from smoking for all this time. Apart from this the native should also not make sexual contacts with any female including his own wife and in case of unmarried natives they should stay away from their girlfriends as long as the Uttarashada Nakshatra puja is going on. The native should also not engage in any kinds of bad conducts of violence, hatred or any other kinds of conducts which are considered immoral during the running time of Uttarashada Nakshatra puja. The native should try to connect himself to Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja on daily basis which he can do by praying to Lord Shiva and gods Vishwedevas daily after taking bath and repeating the Sankalpam that the main Pandit had made on his behalf at the start of this pooja. The native should address Lord Shiva and gods Vishwedevas and say with his words or with his mind that he is getting a Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja performed with a chant of 125,000 Veda Mantras of Uttarashada Nakshatra and this pooja is being performed at such and such place by a specific number of Pandits and that he is following all the procedures and precautions with complete dedication and devotion and that Lord Shiva and gods Vishwedevas should bless him with the best possible results for this pooja.
It should be noted here that a Uttarashada Nakshatra puja can be done in the presence of the native as well as in the absence of the native and in case the native is unable to be personally present at the place of Uttarashada Nakshatra puja, this pooja is conducted with the help of native's photograph or Picture in which the native should be alone and no one else should be present in the picture and this picture should be as recent as possible. In this case, the main Pandit will take the sankalp for Uttarashada Nakshatra Pooja on behalf of the native in the presence of his photograph or picture. The name of native's father and the surname of his family is spoken in the sankalpam and it is also mentioned by the main Pandit that this native is unable to attend to this pooja by means of his personal presence and hence a specific Pandit whose name and surname is mentioned, will be performing all the rituals to be performed by the native on behalf of the native. It should be noted here that this Pandit is one of the Pandits who are going to do a chant of 125,000 Uttarashada Nakshatra Veda mantra for the native. This way the rituals to be performed by the native at the starting day and completion day of Uttarashada Nakshatra Puja are performed by the chosen Pandit and it is conveyed by him on both of these days that he is performing these rituals on behalf of the native whose photograph is always kept present during the puja and it is used as a symbol of the native. For example, if the chosen Pandit is supposed to offer flower to Lord Shiva, he will first touch his hand carrying the flowers with the picture of the native and then he will offer those flowers to Lord Shiva and all other rituals are also performed likewise. It is important to note here that even if the native is personally not present for his Uttarashada Nakshatra puja, he is strictly supposed to practice all the necessary and above mentioned precautions for his Uttarashada Nakshatra puja, in whichever part of the world he may be present during the running time of such Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja. The native should also keep on repeating his Sankalpam for Uttarashada Nakshatra puja on daily basis as mentioned above and he should ask for the best results of this pooja from Lord Shiva and gods Vishwedevas.
Completing a Vedic Uttarashada Nakshatra Pooja with a chant of 125,000 Veda mantras of Uttarashada Nakshatra and doing it with due procedure, dedication and devotion can definitely bring good results for the native whereas missing important steps of puja or altering the Uttarashada Nakshatra pooja vidhi or procedure in an improper way may reduce the benefic results of such Uttarashada Nakshatra puja from some extent to great extent.
Himanshu Shangari


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Most women with breast cancer have some type of surgery. Surgery is often needed to remove a breast tumor. Options for this include breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy. The breast can be reconstructed at the same time as surgery or later on. Surgery is also used to check the lymph nodes under the arm for cancer spread. Options for this include a sentinel lymph node biopsy and an axillary (armpit) lymph node dissection.
Breast-conserving surgery
This type of surgery is sometimes called partial (or segmental) mastectomy. It only removes a part of the affected breast, but how much is removed depends on the size and location of the tumor and other factors. If radiation therapy is to be given after surgery, small metallic clips (which will show up on x-rays) may be placed inside the breast during surgery to mark the area for the radiation treatments.
Lumpectomy removes only the breast lump and a surrounding margin of normal tissue. Radiation therapy is usually given after a lumpectomy. If adjuvant chemotherapy is to be given as well, radiation is usually delayed until the chemotherapy is completed.
Quadrantectomy removes more breast tissue than a lumpectomy. For a quadrantectomy, one-quarter of the breast is removed. Radiation therapy is usually given after surgery. Again, this may be delayed if chemotherapy is to be given as well.
If cancer cells are found at any of the edges of the piece of tissue removed, it is said to have positive margins. When no cancer cells are found at the edges of the tissue, it is said to have negative or clear margins. The presence of positive margins means that some cancer cells may have been left behind after surgery. If the pathologist finds positive margins in the tissue removed with surgery, the surgeon may need to go back and remove more tissue. This operation is called a re-excision. If the surgeon can't remove enough breast tissue to get clear surgical margins, a mastectomy may be needed.
The distance from the tumor to the margin is also important. Even if the margins are "clear", they could be "close"—meaning that the distance between the edge of the tumor and edge of the tissue removed is too small and more surgery may be needed, as well. Surgeons can disagree on what is an adequate (or good) margin.
For most women with stage I or II breast cancer, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plus radiation therapy is as effective as mastectomy. Survival rates of women treated with these 2 approaches are the same. But breast-conserving surgery is not an option for all women with breast cancer (see the section, "Choosing between breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy" below).
Radiation therapy can sometimes be omitted as a part of breast-conserving therapy. This is somewhat controversial, so women may consider BCS without radiation therapy if they are at least 70 years old and ALL of the following are true:
- They have a tumor that measures 2 cm or less across that has been completely removed (with clear margins).
- The tumor is hormone receptor-positive, and the women are getting hormone therapy (such as tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor).
- No lymph nodes contained cancer.
You should discuss this possibility with your health care team.
Possible side effects: Side effects of these operations can include pain, temporary swelling, tenderness, and hard scar tissue that forms in the surgical site. As with all operations, bleeding and infection at the surgery site are also possible.
The larger the portion of breast removed, the more likely it is that you will see a change in the shape of the breast afterward. If the breasts look very different after surgery, it may be possible to have some type of reconstructive surgery (see the section, "Reconstructive surgery"), or to have the size of the unaffected breast reduced to make the breasts more symmetrical. It may even be possible to have this done during the initial surgery. It's very important to talk with your doctor (and possibly a plastic surgeon) before surgery to get an idea of how your breasts are likely to look afterward, and to learn what your options might be.
Mastectomy is surgery to remove the entire breast. All of the breast tissue is removed, sometimes along with other nearby tissues.
Simple mastectomy: In this procedure, also called total mastectomy, the surgeon removes the entire breast, including the nipple, but does not remove underarm lymph nodes or muscle tissue from beneath the breast. Sometimes both breasts are removed (a double mastectomy), often as preventive surgery in women at very high risk for breast cancer. Most women, if they are hospitalized, can go home the next day. This is the most common type of mastectomy used to treat breast cancer.
Skin-sparing mastectomy: For some women considering immediate reconstruction, a skin-sparing mastectomy can be done. In this procedure, most of the skin over the breast (other than the nipple and areola) is left intact. This can work as well as a simple mastectomy. The amount of breast tissue removed is the same as with a simple mastectomy.
This approach is only used when immediate breast reconstruction is planned. It may not be suitable for larger tumors or those that are close to the surface of the skin. Implants or tissue from other parts of the body are used to reconstruct the breast. This approach has not been used for as long as the more standard type of mastectomy, but many women prefer it because it offers the advantage of less scar tissue and a reconstructed breast that seems more natural.
A variation of the skin-sparing mastectomy is the nipple-sparing mastectomy. This procedure is more often an option for women who have a small early-stage cancer near the outer part of the breast, with no signs of cancer in the skin or near the nipple. In this procedure, the breast tissue is removed, but the breast skin and nipple are left in place. This is followed by breast reconstruction. The surgeon often removes the breast tissue beneath the nipple (and areola) during the procedure, to check for cancer cells. If cancer is found in this tissue, the nipple must be removed. Even when no cancer is found under the nipple, some doctors give the nipple tissue a dose of radiation during or after the surgery to try and reduce the risk of the cancer coming back.
There are still some problems with nipple-sparing surgeries. Afterward, the nipple does not have a good blood supply, so sometimes it can wither away or become deformed. Because the nerves are also cut, there is little or no feeling left in the nipple. In women with larger breasts, the nipple may look out of place after the breast is reconstructed. As a result, many doctors feel that this surgery is best done in women with small to medium sized breasts. This procedure leaves less visible scars, but if it isn't done properly, it can leave behind more breast tissue than other forms of mastectomy. This could result in a higher risk of cancer developing than for a skin-sparing or simple mastectomy. This was a problem in the past, but improvements in technique have helped make this surgery safer. Still, many experts consider nipple-sparing procedures too risky to be a standard treatment of breast cancer.
Modified radical mastectomy: This procedure is a simple mastectomy and removal of axillary (underarm) lymph nodes. Surgery to remove these lymph nodes is discussed in further detail later in this section.
Radical mastectomy: In this extensive operation, the surgeon removes the entire breast, axillary lymph nodes, and the pectoral (chest wall) muscles under the breast. This surgery was once very common, but less extensive surgery (such as modified radical mastectomy) has been found to be just as effective. This meant that the disfigurement and side effects of a radical mastectomy were not needed, so this surgery is rarely done now. This operation may still be done for large tumors that are growing into the pectoral muscles under the breast.
Possible side effects: Aside from post-surgical pain and the obvious change in the shape of the breast(s), possible side effects of mastectomy include wound infection, hematoma (buildup of blood in the wound), and seroma (buildup of clear fluid in the wound). If axillary lymph nodes are also removed, other side effects may occur (see the section, "Lymph node surgery").
Choosing between breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy
Many women with early-stage cancers can choose between breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy.
The main advantage of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is that a woman keeps most of her breast. A disadvantage is the usual need for radiation therapy—most often for 5 to 6 weeks—after surgery. A small number of women having breast-conserving surgery may not need radiation while some women who have a mastectomy will still need radiation therapy to the breast area.
When deciding between BCS and mastectomy, be sure to get all the facts. You may have an initial gut preference for mastectomy as a way to "take it all out as quickly as possible." This feeling can lead women to prefer mastectomy even when their surgeons don't. But the fact is that in most cases, mastectomy does not give you any better chance of long-term survival or a better outcome from treatment. Studies following thousands of women for more than 20 years show that when BCS can be done, doing mastectomy instead does not provide any better chance of survival.
Most women and their doctors prefer BCS and radiation therapy when it's a reasonable option, but your choice will depend on a number of factors, such as:
- How you feel about losing your breast
- How you feel about getting radiation therapy
- How far you would have to travel and how much time it would take to have radiation therapy
- Whether you think you will want to have more surgery to reconstruct your breast after having a mastectomy
- Your preference for mastectomy as a way to get rid of all your cancer as quickly as possible
- Your fear of the cancer coming back
For some women, mastectomy may clearly be a better option. For example, breast conserving surgery is usually not recommended for:
- Women who have already had radiation therapy to the affected breast
- Women with 2 or more areas of cancer in the same breast that are too far apart to be removed through 1 surgical incision, while keeping the appearance of the breast satisfactory
- Women whose initial BCS along with re-excision(s) has not completely removed the cancer
- Women with certain serious connective tissue diseases such as scleroderma or lupus, which may make them especially sensitive to the side effects of radiation therapy
- Pregnant women who would require radiation while still pregnant (risking harm to the fetus)
- Women with large tumors (greater than 5 cm [2 inches] across) that didn't shrink very much with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (although this also depends on the size of the breast)
- Women with inflammatory breast cancer
- Women with a cancer that is large relative to their breast size
Other factors may need to be taken into account as well. For example, young women with breast cancer and a known BRCA mutation are at very high risk for a second cancer. These women often consider having the other breast removed to reduce this risk, and so may choose mastectomy for the breast with cancer as well. A double mastectomy may be done to treat the cancer and reduce the risk of a second breast cancer.
It is important to understand that having a mastectomy instead of breast-conserving surgery plus radiation only lowers your risk of developing a second breast cancer in the same breast. It does not lower the chance of the cancer coming back in other parts of the body. It is important that you don't rush into making a decision, but instead take your time deciding whether a mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery plus radiation is right for you.
Lymph node surgery
To determine if the breast cancer has spread to axillary (underarm) lymph nodes, one or more of these lymph nodes may be removed and looked at under the microscope. This is an important part of staging and determining treatment and outcomes. When the lymph nodes contain cancer cells, there is a higher chance that cancer cells have also spread through the bloodstream to other parts of the body. The presence of cancer cells in the lymph nodes under the arm is often an important factor in deciding what treatment, if any, is needed after surgery (adjuvant therapy).
Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND): In this procedure, anywhere from about 10 to 40 (though usually less than 20) lymph nodes are removed from the area under the arm (axilla) and checked for cancer spread. ALND is usually done at the same time as the mastectomy or BCS, but it can be done in a second operation. This was once the most common way to check to see if breast cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes, and it is still done in some patients. For example, an ALND may be done if a previous biopsy has shown one or more of the underarm lymph nodes have cancer cells.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB): Although axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is a safe operation and has low rates of most side effects, removing many lymph nodes increases the chance that the patient will have lymphedema after surgery (this side effect is discussed further on). To lower the risk of lymphedema, the doctors may use a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) procedure to check the lymph nodes for cancer. This procedure is a way of learning if cancer has spread to lymph nodes without removing as many of them.
In this procedure the surgeon finds and removes the first lymph node(s) to which a tumor is likely to drain. This lymph node, known as the sentinel node, is the one most likely to contain cancer cells if they have started to spread. To do this, the surgeon injects a radioactive substance and/or a blue dye into the tumor, the area around it, or the area around the nipple. Lymphatic vessels will carry these substances into the sentinel node(s).
A special device can be used to detect radioactivity in the nodes that the radioactive substance flows into or can look for lymph nodes that have turned blue. These are separate ways to find the sentinel node, but are often done together as a double check. The surgeon then cuts the skin over the area and removes the node(s) containing the dye (or radiation). A pathologist then looks closely at these nodes (often 2 or 3). (Because fewer nodes are removed than in an ALND, each one is looked at more closely for any cancer).
The lymph node can sometimes be checked for cancer during surgery. If cancer is found in the sentinel lymph node, the surgeon may go on to do a full axillary dissection. If no cancer cells are seen in the lymph node at the time of the surgery, or if the sentinel node is not checked at the time of the surgery, the lymph node(s) will be examined more closely over the next several days. If cancer is found in the lymph node, the surgeon may recommend a full ALND at a later time.
If there is no cancer in the sentinel node(s), it's very unlikely that the cancer has spread to other lymph nodes, so no further lymph node surgery is needed. The patient can avoid the potential side effects of a full ALND.
Until recently, if the sentinel node(s) had cancer cells, the surgeon would do a full ALND to see how many other lymph nodes were involved. But more recently, studies have shown that this may not always be needed. In some cases, it may be just as safe to leave the rest of the lymph nodes behind. This is based on certain factors, such as what type of surgery is used to remove the tumor, the size of the tumor, and what treatment is planned after surgery. Based on the studies that have looked at this, skipping the ALND may be an option for patients with tumors 5 cm (2 inches) or smaller who are having breast-conserving surgery followed by radiation. Because this hasn't been studied well in women who have had mastectomy, it isn't clear that skipping the ALND would be safe for them.
SLNB is done to see if a breast cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. This procedure is not done if any of the lymph nodes are known to contain cancer. If any of the lymph nodes under the arm or around the collar bone are swollen, they may be checked for cancer spread directly. Most often, a needle biopsy (either a fine needle aspiration biopsy or a core needle biopsy) is done. In these procedures, the surgeon inserts a needle into the lymph node to remove a small amount of tissue, which is then looked at under a microscope. If cancer cells are found, a full ALND is recommended.
Although SLNB has become a common procedure, it requires a great deal of skill. It should be done only by a surgeon who has experience with this technique. If you are thinking about having this type of biopsy, ask your health care team if they do them regularly.
Possible side effects: As with any operation, pain, swelling, bleeding, and infection are possibilities.
The main possible long-term effect of removing axillary lymph nodes is lymphedema (swelling) of the arm. Because any excess fluid in the arms normally travels back into the bloodstream through the lymphatic system, removing the lymph nodes sometimes blocks the drainage from the arm, causing this fluid to build up. This results in arm swelling.
Up to 30% of women who have a full ALND develop lymphedema. It also occurs in up to 3% of women who have a sentinel lymph node biopsy. It may be more common if radiation is given after surgery. Sometimes the swelling lasts for only a few weeks and then goes away. Other times, the swelling lasts a long time. Ways to help prevent or reduce the effects of lymphedema are discussed in the section, "What happens after treatment for breast cancer?" If your arm is swollen, tight, or painful after lymph node surgery, be sure to tell someone on your cancer care team right away. More information about lymphedema can be found in our document, Lymphedema: What Every Woman With Breast Cancer Should Know.
You may also have limited movement in your arm and shoulder after surgery. This is more common after an ALND than a SLNB. Your doctor may give you exercises to ensure that you do not have permanent problems with movement (a frozen shoulder). Numbness of the skin on the upper, inner arm is another common side effect because the nerve that controls sensation here travels through the lymph node area.
Some women notice a rope-like structure that begins under the arm and can extend down towards the elbow. This, sometimes called axillary web syndrome or lymphatic cording, is more common after an ALND than SLNB. Symptoms may not appear for weeks or even months after surgery. It can cause pain and limit movement of the arm and shoulder. This often goes away without treatment, although some patients seem to find physical therapy helpful.
Reconstructive surgery
After having a mastectomy (or some breast-conserving surgeries), a woman might want to consider having the breast mound rebuilt; this is called breast reconstruction. These procedures are done to restore the breast's appearance after surgery.
If you are thinking about having reconstructive surgery, it is a good idea to talk about it with your surgeon and a plastic surgeon experienced in breast reconstruction before your cancer surgery. This will allow you to consider all reconstruction options. You'll want your breast surgeon and your plastic surgeon to work together to come up with a treatment plan that will put you in the best possible position for reconstruction in case you decide to pursue it, even if you want to wait and have reconstructive surgery later.
Decisions about the type of reconstruction and when it will be done depend on each woman's medical situation and personal preferences. You may have a choice between having breast reconstruction at the same time as the mastectomy (immediate reconstruction) or at a later time (delayed reconstruction). There are several types of reconstructive surgery. Some use saline (salt water) or silicone implants, while others use tissues from other parts of your body (called an autologous tissue reconstruction).
To learn about different reconstruction options, see our document, Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy. You may also find it helpful to talk with a woman who has had the type of reconstruction you might be considering. Our Reach To Recovery volunteers can help you with this. You can find out more about our Reach To Recovery program on cancer.org or by calling 1-800-227-2345.
Some things you can expect
For many, the thought of surgery is frightening. But with a better understanding of what to expect before, during, and after the operation, many fears can be relieved.
Before surgery: Usually, you meet with your surgeon at least a few days before the operation to discuss the procedure and your medical history. This is a good time to ask specific questions about the surgery and go over potential risks. Be sure you understand what the extent of the surgery is likely to be and what you should expect afterward. If you are thinking about breast reconstruction, ask about this as well.
You will be asked to sign a consent form, giving the doctor permission to perform the surgery. You might also be asked to give consent for researchers to use any tissue or blood that is not needed for diagnostic purposes. This may not be of direct use to you, but it may be very helpful to women in the future.
Ask your doctor if you will possibly need a blood transfusion. If the doctors think a transfusion might be needed, you might be asked to donate blood beforehand. If you do not receive your own blood, it is important to know that in the United States, blood transfusion from another person is nearly as safe as receiving your own blood.
You will probably be told not to eat or drink anything starting the night before the surgery.
You will also meet with the anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist, the health professional who will be giving you the anesthesia during your surgery.
During surgery:
You will have an IV (intravenous) line put in (usually in a vein in your arm), which the medical team will use to give medicines that may be needed during the surgery. Usually you will be hooked up to an electrocardiogram (EKG) machine and have a blood pressure cuff on your arm, so your heart rhythm and blood pressure can be checked during the surgery.
General anesthesia (where you are asleep) is used for most breast surgery. The length of the operation depends on the type of surgery being done. For example, a mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection will usually take from 2 to 3 hours.
After surgery: After your surgery, you will be taken to the recovery room, where you will stay until you are awake and your condition and vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, and breathing) are stable. How long you stay in the hospital depends on the type of surgery being done, your overall state of health and whether you have any other medical problems, how well you do during the surgery, and how you feel after the surgery. Decisions about the length of your stay should be made by you and your doctor and not dictated by what your insurance will pay, but it is important to check your insurance coverage before surgery.
In general, women having a mastectomy and/or axillary lymph node dissection stay in the hospital for 1 or 2 nights and then go home. However, some women may be placed in a 23-hour, short-stay observation unit before going home.
Less involved operations such as breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy are usually done in an outpatient surgery center, and an overnight stay in the hospital is usually not needed.
You may have a dressing (bandage) over the surgery site that may wrap snugly around your chest. You may have one or more drains (plastic or rubber tubes) coming out from the breast or underarm area to remove blood and lymph fluid that collects during the healing process. You will be taught how to care for the drains, which may include emptying and measuring the fluid and identifying problems the doctor or nurse needs to know about. Most drains stay in place for 1 or 2 weeks. When drainage has decreased to about 30 cc (1 fluid ounce) each day, the drain will usually be removed.
Most doctors will want you to start moving your arm soon after surgery so that it won't get stiff.
How long it takes to recover from breast cancer surgery depends on what procedures were done. Most women can return to their regular activities within 2 weeks after a BCS with ALND, while recovery time is often shorter for BCS plus a SLNB. It can take up to 4 weeks after a mastectomy. Recovery time is longer if reconstruction was done as well, and it can take months to return to full activity after some procedures (for more information about recovery after breast reconstruction, please see our document Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy). Still, these times can vary from person to person, so you should talk to your doctor about what you can expect.
Even after the doctor clears you to return to your regular level of activity, though, you could still feel some effects of surgery. You might feel stiff or sore for some time. The skin of your chest or underarm area may feel tight. These feelings tend to improve over time. Some women have problems with pain, numbness, or tingling in the chest and arm that continues for a long time after surgery. This, sometimes called post-mastectomy pain syndrome, is discussed in more detail later.
Many women who have breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy are often surprised by how little pain they have in the breast area. But they are less happy with the strange sensations (numbness, pinching/pulling feeling) they may feel in the underarm area.
Ask a member of your health care team how to care for your surgery site and arm. Usually, you and your caregivers will get written instructions about care after surgery. These instructions should include:
- The care of the surgical wound and dressing
- How to monitor drainage and take care of the drains
- How to recognize signs of infection
- Bathing and showering after surgery
- When to call the doctor or nurse
- When to begin using the arm and how to do arm exercises to prevent stiffness
- When to resume wearing a bra
- When to begin using a prosthesis and what type to use (after mastectomy)
- What to eat and not to eat
- Use of medicines, including pain medicines and possibly antibiotics
- Any restrictions of activity
- What to expect regarding sensations or numbness in the breast and arm
- What to expect regarding feelings about body image
- When to see your doctor for a follow-up appointment
- Referral to a Reach To Recovery volunteer. Through our Reach To Recovery program, a specially trained volunteer who has had breast cancer can provide information, comfort, and support (see our document, Reach To Recovery for more information).
Most patients see their surgeon about 7 to 14 days after the surgery. Your doctor should explain the results of your pathology report and talk to you about the need for further treatment. If you will need more treatment, you will be referred to a radiation oncologist and/or a medical oncologist. If you are thinking about breast reconstruction, you may be referred to a plastic surgeon as well.
Chronic pain after breast surgery
Some women have problems with nerve (neuropathic) pain in the chest wall, armpit, and/or arm after surgery that doesn't go away over time. This is called post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) because it was first described in women who had mastectomies, but it occurs after breast-conserving therapy, as well. Studies have shown that between 20% and 30% of women develop symptoms of PMPS after surgery. The classic symptoms of PMPS are pain and tingling in the chest wall, armpit, and/or arm. Pain may also be felt in the shoulder or surgical scar. Other common complaints include numbness, shooting or pricking pain, or unbearable itching. Most women with PMPS say their symptoms are not severe.
PMPS is thought to be linked to damage done to the nerves in the armpit and chest during surgery. But the causes are not known. Women who are younger, had a full ALND (not just SLNB), or who were treated with radiation after surgery are more likely to have problems with PMPS. Because ALNDs are done less often now, PMPS is less common than it once was.
It is important to talk to your doctor about any pain you are having. PMPS can cause you to not use your arm the way you should and over time you could lose the ability to use it normally.
PMPS can be treated. Opioids (narcotics) are medicines commonly used to treat pain, but they don't always work well for nerve pain. But there are medicines and treatments that do work for this kind of pain. Talk to your doctor to get the pain control you need.


text:
Soldado del Mar
in stockSKU: soldado_del_mar
Benito Ortega Vargas
"Soldado del Mar" 2004
Benito is a Mexican sculptor, and draws on a centuries-old culture that gives his work a universal appeal.
Benito's style is unique within Mexican sculpture. His work is technically excellent and of high quality. His art is a call to harmony, an expression of a soul singing through his hands. His sculptures touch the heart.
Made of wood, bronze, stone and other materials, his sculptures overflow with poetry and beauty.
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Long before gas topped $4 a gallon and the price of just about everything we need to live and entertain ourselves increased, we heard tales of struggling senior citizens and working-class families.
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SF Planetary Orbiter Bold Italic Fonts
<link href="//db.onlinewebfonts.com/c/c66dd5ba06b1e211dfee456743ee9e51?family=SF+Planetary+Orbiter" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>#2 Using @import CSS directive, put the following line in add to your css file.(http | https)
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Copyright (c) 2008 by ShyFoundry. All rights reserved. Freeware for personal use only. To purchase a commercial license, please visit our site at http://www.shyfoundry.com.
For additional information about the usage of this font, please read the included ShyFoundry Freeware EULA or visit our site at http://www.shyfoundry.com/licensing.
SF Planetary Orbiter Bold Italic is a trademark of ShyFoundry.
For additional information about the usage of this font, please read the included ShyFoundry Freeware EULA or visit our site at http://www.shyfoundry.com/licensing.
Highjinks BB Italic
Style : ItalicPackages
Highjinks BBStyle
Nate Piekos. Blambot.comAuthor
Nate PiekosTrademark
Highjinks BB Italic is a trademark of Nate Piekos. Blambot.com.Copyright
Copyright (c) 2011 by Nate Piekos. Blambot.com. All rights reserved.Description
Copyright (c) 2011 by Nate Piekos. Blambot.com. All rights reserved.
Natura Play Bold
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Natura PlayStyle
Reza SanAuthor
Reza SanTrademark
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O 10 Type
O 10 TypeStyle
1.00 July 2, 2014, initial releaseCompany
Galdino OttenAuthor
Galdino Otten. 2013. All Rights ReservedTrademark
Typeface Galdino Otten. 2013. All Rights ReservedCopyright
Typeface Galdino Otten. 2013. All Rights ReservedDescription
This font was created using FontCreator 6.5 from High-Logic.comLicense
O 10 Type Font Family By Galdino Otten (copyright) Free for personal use Donation required for Commercial use. Contact: Email email@example.com or call: 00 55 83 98067774 Donate to Galdino Otten at PayPal.com to firstname.lastname@example.com Blog: http://onlyillustration.blogspot.com/ http://galdinoottenbr.blogspot.com/ http://galdinootten.com Terms of Use/End User Lisence Agreement Upon downloading this font the user bound to abide the Free Font Terms of Use/Free Font End User License Agreement (TOU/EULA) defined below. This agreement pertains to you/the user and the liscencing rights aquired with this download. These rights are specific to free download and usage of this font, i.e. a personal use License agreement. ----------------------------------------------- Free Font Terms of Use Free Font End User License Agreement: ----------------------------------------------- 1.)This font is free for personal use. 2.) The distribution of this font for financial gain or profit is not permitted under any circumstances and is strictly prohibited. Do not add this font to a font CD or compilation and or archive that is to be sold for a profit. Basically, don't sell this font, and do not make things that are to be sold with this font... It's free for personal use only. Commercial use requires the user to obtain a Commercial Font End User License. A Commercial Font End User License is granted after a PayPal donation has been received. contact me firstname.lastname@example.com for more details. For profit scrapbooking and digital scrapbooking material (s) or scrapbooking and digital scrapbooking material(s) intended to be sold/resold with this font are also prohibited under this license, and require a commercial License. To obtain a Commercial Font End User License for this font contact me firstname.lastname@example.com Please note, scrapbooking and digital scrapbooking use of this font is only restricted when pertaining to the making of any for profit items. Otherwise creating items to be used personally, whether in a traditional scrapbook or digital scrapbook is entirely permitted under this free License. 3.) This font file must be kept intact as downloaded. Under no circumstances may this font file itself be edited, altered, or modified at any time or in any measure. This prohibits and indcludes but is not limited to, renaming this font file, as well as the creation of so-called new and/or derivitave fonts from this font file or any other possible digital representations. 4.) Redistribution of this font is permitted only if this readme is, as well as the font file itself, kept intact as is, and it is offered free of charge, no fee is implemented upon the aquistition of this font. If you do redistribute this font, please contact me email@example.com with details. 5.) Upon downloading this font, the user accepts all liability and sole responsibility for the font file and any accompanying files therein. Galdino Otten is not responsible or liable for any damages, loss or other consequences incurred as a result of downloading this font, or otherwise relating or associated with the download. *Personal use does not constitute public domain. **If you are interested in the commercial use of this font or using this font in any manner outside the realm of personal use, you must obtain the rights to use this font commercially (Commercial Font End User License) prior to doing so. To obtain a Commercial Font End User License Agreement with this font, contact me firstname.lastname@example.com Thanks for accepting these terms.
1.00 November 6, 2003Trademark
Ogrejuice Trademark of your company.Copyright
Typeface your company. 2003. All Rights ReservedDescription
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FreightSans Medium
Style : MediumPackages
Joshua Darden & Phil's Fonts, IncAuthor
Joshua DardenTrademark
Freight Sans is a trademark of Joshua Darden & Phil's Fonts, Inc.Copyright
Copyright 2004, Joshua Darden & Phil's Fonts, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by Garagefonts USA 301-260-2285 www.garagefonts.comLicense
---------------------GARAGEFONTS---------------------Phil's Fonts/GarageFonts End User License AgreementSoftware means the computer program contained in this package (which may include digitally encoded, machine readable, scalable outline font data as encoded in special format), together with all codes, techniques, software tools, formats, designs, concepts, methods and ideas associated with the computer program and all documentation related thereto.Phil's Fonts, Inc./GarageFonts (Phil's), hereby grants you, and you agree to accept a non-exclusive, non-transferable, limited license (the License) to use the Software solely for your own customary business or personal purposes. Under the terms of this License Agreement, you have the right to use the software on up to five (5) CPUs.If you need to have access to the Software on more than five (5) CPUs, you must pay Phil's the applicable fees for typefaces used in a multi-system environment. You acknowledge that licensing fees for the Macintosh and PC formats are separate and individual fees.Fonts can be embedded in files such as Adobe Acrobat PDF files for viewing and printing purposes only.No rights are granted to you other than a License to use the Software on the terms expressly set forth in this Agreement.You agree to maintain the Software and other proprietary information in strict confidence and to establish reasonable procedures regulating access to and use of the Software.You will not make or have made, or permit to have made any copies of the Software or portions thereof, except as necessary provided, however, that you may make one copy for back-up purposes for its use with the authorized number of systems hereunder. You agree that any such copies shall contain the same proprietary notices which appear in the Software.Except as stated above, this Agreement does not grant you any right to patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trade names, trademarks (whether registered or unregistered), or any other rights, franchises or licenses in respect of the Software.You agree that you will not modify, alter, disassemble, decrypt, reverse engineer or decompile the Software.This License shall continue until the last use of the Software, unless sooner terminated. This License may be terminated by Phil's if you fail to comply with the terms of this License and such failure is not remedied within thirty (30) days after notice from Phil's. When this License expires or is terminated, you shall either return to Phil's or destroy all copies of the Software as requested.You agree that you will not export or re-export the Software in any form without the appropriate United States and foreign government licenses.The parties agree that all warranties, express or implied, including warranties of fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability and noninfringement are excluded.Your sole and exclusive remedy and the sole liability of Phil's in connection with the Software is repair or replacement of defective parts, upon their return to Phil's. In no event will Phil's be liable for lost profits, lost data or any other incidental, or consequential damages, or any damages caused by abuse or misapplication of the Software.You shall not sublicense, sell, lease or otherwise transfer the Software without the prior written consent of Phil's.Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 252.227-7013. Maryland, USA law governs this agreement.You acknowledge that you have read this agreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms and conditions. Neither party shall be bound by any statement or representation not contained in this agreement. No change in this agreement is effective unless written and signed by properly authorized representatives of each party. By opening this package or downloading these font files from the internet you agree to accept the terms of this agreement.Call Phil's Fonts if you need to purchase additional licensing.In USA and Canada call 1-800-681-9375, all others call 1-301-879-6955. Fax: 1-301-879-0606.Phil's Fonts/GarageFonts License Upgrade ScheduleEach Phil's Fonts/GarageFonts Font package is automatically licensed for use with five (5) computers (CPUs) at a single (1) location(site) in a single format (e.g. Mac PostScript). Licenses for additional CPUs must be purchased. Additional formats and/or platforms may be purchased at the same time as the original purchase for 50% of the price of the first format. Individual sites, persons or business entities must purchase individual licenses beginning with the original price. The following upgrade cost schedule is calculated based on multiples of the original list price of each font or family:-------------------------------------------------6 to 25 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 1-------------------------------------------------26 to 50 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 2-------------------------------------------------51 to 75 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 3-------------------------------------------------76 to 125 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 4-------------------------------------------------126 to 175 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 5-------------------------------------------------176 to 250 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 6-------------------------------------------------251 to 375 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 8.5-------------------------------------------------376 to 500 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 11-------------------------------------------------501 to 625 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 13.5-------------------------------------------------626 to 750 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 16-------------------------------------------------751 to 875 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 18.5-------------------------------------------------876 to 1000 CPUs, multiply original font or family price by 21 -------------------------------------------------For more than 1,000 CPUs use the following formula to get multiplication factor:CPUs: In increments of 250.(maximum number of CPUs divided by 100) plus 11 (=Multiplier).Example: End user has 1350 CPUs, so the Multiple User License price is to be calculated as follows:(1500 divided by 100) + 11 = 26 (= Multiplier)(c)Phil's Fonts/GarageFonts501 Olney Sandy Spring Road, Suite 201Sandy Spring MD 20860Ph. 301.260.22851.800.681.9375Fax 301.260.2277
Neuropol X Xp Bold
Style : BoldPackages
Neuropol X XpStyle
1.200 2004Author
Ray LarabieTrademark
Neuropol is a trademark of the Typodermic foundry.Copyright
Copyright (c) Typodermic, 2002. All rights reserved. Do not distribute. Report piracy to email@example.com
Copyright (c) Typodermic, 2001. All rights reserved. Do not distribute. Report piracy to email@example.com
Booster Next FY W01 Light
Booster Next FY is a trademark of FONTYOU.Copyright
Copyright (c) 2013 by FONTYOU. All rights reserved. www.fontyou.comDescription
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SleuthSerif BB Italic
Style : ItalicPackages
SleuthSerif BBStyle
Nate Piekos. Blambot.comAuthor
Nate PiekosTrademark
SleuthSerif BB Italic is a trademark of Nate Piekos. Blambot.com.Copyright
Copyright (c) 2013 by Nate Piekos. Blambot.com. All rights reserved.Description
Copyright (c) 2013 by Nate Piekos. Blambot.com. All rights reserved.
Madawaska W00 Smallcaps Bold
Ray LarabieAuthor
Ray LarabieTrademark
Madawaska is a trademark of Typodermic FontsCopyright
Copyright (c) 2008 Typodermic Fonts. This font is not freely distributable. Visit typodermic.com for more info.Description
Please read the current Typodermic Fonts license agreement at http://www.typodermic.com/license.html


text:
Mechanical Design Instructor Pool - Adjunct (Part-time)
Job description
Posting # 2018-1252
Location US-WI-River Falls
US-WI-Eau Claire
Category Adjunct Faculty - Manufacturing, Technology, & Engineering
Type Part-Time
FLSA Status Exempt
Hourly Pay Rate/Salary $35 per instructional hour (includes a built-in preparation time factor)
Hours per Week Average instructional hours vary and may range from 3 to 8 hours per week.
Work Schedule Schedule and hours vary and may include day and evening classes.
Anticipated Start Date Varies
Overview and Responsibilities
Chippewa Valley Technical College (CVTC) is establishing a pool of qualified candidates to be considered when adjunct and/or substitute instructors are needed to teach Mechanical Design courses. Needs may become available prior to or during each semester. Program and course information can be found at https://www.cvtc.edu/academics/programs/mechanical-design.
Upon successful submission of your application, resume, and transcripts, you will be considered for future adjunct and/or substitute teaching opportunities. CVTC will keep your application on file as a prospective candidate who could potentially fill a position when a need arises. If the need shall arise and review of your application materials result in a decision to pursue your candidacy, you will be contacted via the contact information provided on your application.
Adjunct instructors are hired on a per course basis. Courses are taught face-to-face in classroom, lab, or clinical settings; online; or a combination of online and face-to-face.
All CVTC instructors are required to meet with students and/or attend meetings on-site on a regular basis. This means that all instructors, including online instructors, must live within driving distance of CVTC campuses. Campuses are located in Chippewa Falls, Eau Claire, Menomonie, Neillsville and River Falls, Wisconsin.
CVTC adjunct instructors are dynamic partners for both students and the College. An adjunct instructor works with students beyond the classroom to ensure their success, models CVTC core abilities, and demonstrates commitment to excellence in program/course content and delivery. An adjunct instructor is able to work effectively in a collaborative environment; is willing to innovate and change to meet evolving program and industry needs; and demonstrates competency with use of technology that supports learning and teaching. Generally, an adjunct instructor will be hired to instruct specific open classes based upon the adjunct instructor's qualifications and availability.
- Plan for and instruct courses in the area of Mechanical Design.
- Implement relevant and progressive curriculum.
- Deliver high-quality instruction through the planning and implementation of effective learning strategies and environments.
- Create performance-based assessments aligned with competencies through formative and summative measures.
- Promote student success through timely communication, growth-based feedback, and implementation of strategies that meet the needs of diverse learners.
- Meet professional expectations by maintaining professional currency and contributing to a collaborative culture across the College.
- Ability to model integrity through self-awareness, personal accountability, ethical behavior, quality standards, and sustainable practices.
- Ability to think critically by applying problem solving practices, acquiring relevant information, using technology and other resources appropriately, and evaluating alternatives.
- Ability to communicate effectively by speaking and writing clearly, concisely, and professionally; practicing active listening; reading critically and adapting communication for audience.
- Ability to value diversity by recognizing personal biases, adapting to culturally diverse situations, and demonstrating a commitment to equity, inclusion, and respectful interactions with persons of diverse ethnic, cultural, social-economic, or educational backgrounds.
Please view the Adjunct Instructor Position Description for additional roles and responsibilities of adjunct instructors at CVTC.
Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Technology, or related field.
Minimum of 2 years (4,000 hours) of occupational experience in a target job for the program or programs being taught, of which at least 1 year (2,000 hours) shall be within 5 years prior to date of hire. One year (2,000 hours) of recent related occupational experience may be waived if the instructor has at least 2 years of post-secondary teaching experience in the appropriate occupational field within 5 years prior to date of hire.
- Certified Solidworks Associate (CSWA) or Certified Solidworks Professional (CSWP) credential.
- Manufacturing Skill Standards Council (MSSC) Certified Production Technician (CPT) authorized instructor credential beneficial.
Prior teaching or training experience preferred.
- Qualified per CVTC requirements at time of, and throughout, employment as an instructor. Must also meet and maintain Higher Learning Commission (HLC) requirements, Faculty Quality Assurance Standards (FQAS), and/or other job specific licensing standards.
As an equal opportunity/access employer and educator, CVTC is committed to creating and sustaining a diverse and inclusive environment. All qualified candidates are encouraged to apply.
Benefits Summary
This position is not eligible for benefits.
About CVTC
Chippewa Valley Technical College (CVTC) is part of the Wisconsin Technical College System (WTCS) and serves an eleven-county area in west central Wisconsin. The largest campus is located in Eau Claire and includes a Business Education Center and Health Education Center, plus a Manufacturing Education Center at the Gateway Campus and an Emergency Service Education Center and Energy Education Center at the West Campus. CVTC has regional centers in Chippewa Falls, Menomonie, Neillsville and River Falls. The College is one of 16 WTCS colleges located throughout the state.
CVTC offers 66 programs, over 25 certificates, and customized training to an average of 140 businesses annually. CVTC has an outstanding placement rate, with 91% of CVTC graduates are employed within six months of graduation, with 88% in a related field.
CVTC has a nationally recognized faculty and state-of-the art facilities and equipment. Business and industry leaders serve on advisory committees and help CVTC match its curriculum to the needs of today's workplace. Courses are offered at numerous locations in traditional classroom settings, as well as online and in a variety of blended and hybrid formats.
Equal Opportunity/Access Employer and Educator
Non-Discrimination Notice
Chippewa Valley Technical College (CVTC) does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age in its employment, admissions, programs, or activities.
View Complete Equal Opportunity/Access Employer & Educator Statement at https://www.cvtc.edu/about-cvtc/equal-opportunity-college