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Viviane Reding
EU Commissioner for Telecoms and Media
Digital Europe – Europe's Fast Track to Economic Recovery
Figures and graphics available in PDF and WORD PROCESSED
The Ludwig Erhard Lecture 2009
Lisbon Council, Brussels, 9 July 2009
Dear Mr Hof heinz, dear Ms Mettler,
Ladies and gentlemen,
I feel very honoured that you have invited me to give this year's "Ludwig Erhard Lecture". The moment for this is very well chosen, and I would like to congratulate the organisers of the Lisbon Council for their excellent timing.
In these days where Europe is in the deepest economic crisis since the 1930s , it is very useful, in particular for politicians, to remember the work of Ludwig Erhard and to take another look at his writings . Before becoming German Chancellor, Ludwig Erhard was the first Minister of the Economy of the young Federal Republic after the Second World War. After years of dictatorship and centralised management of the economy, after a national catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions and total economic and social break-down, Erhard was entrusted with the Herculean task of rebuilding the German economy. That he managed to do this, that by the end of the 1950s, he was able to transform West Germany into the second most important economy in the world after the United States, is often described as "the economic miracle" ("Wirtschaftswunder").
However, when we look more in detail at what Erhard did in his policy, this was no miracle at work. It was rather a good combination of strong political determination and sound economic principles, coupled with a good understanding of the importance of psychology for macroeconomics. In view of the crisis we are currently experiencing, allow me therefore to take a step back and to elaborate a bit on this: first on the principles needed for a sound economic policy. And then on the necessary political determination.
Core p rinciples of a sound economic policy
The starting point of Erhard's policy for re-launching the German economy was a firm belief in the benefits of the market economy, in open markets and in the rules of supply and demand. The return to a market economy was not at all self-evident in post-war Germany, after a decade of nationalisation, protectionism, and centralisation of most industrial sectors. Bringing the market economy back to Germany was therefore one of Erhard's key achievements. However, Erhard also knew well that it would be naïve to trust market forces alone. The rules of supply and demand allow the market to maximise individual freedom only when one market player, or several market participants jointly, are prevented from achieving a position of market dominance. The State has thus an important role to play. In particular, the State has a responsibility to ensure effective competition on the market, and to fight against monopolies and cartels. This might appear obvious to us today, but it was not at all self-evident in the 1950s when Erhard fought hard for Germany's very first Antitrust-Law – a law that provided a lot of inspiration for the creation of the competition provisions of the EEC Treaty.
Erhard's approach did not end with a reliance on market forces and ensuring effective competition. He had personally witnessed the effects of the 1929 World Economic Crisis where millions of workers lost their jobs within days; where banks went bust and massive bank runs showed that the population had lost all trust in the financial system; and where economic depression led ultimately also to a social crisis. This experience was crucial to Erhard's personal thinking and in his policies. This is why he wanted Germany's post-war economic system to be a "social market economy" . A stable currency, protecting citizens' savings from inflation is an important pillar of such a system, and price stability a social policy measure par excellence. Another factor is a social policy that protects the weaker parts of society and compensates for market failures; and that allows each and every citizen to see the advantages of the market economy in their pockets. The title of Erhard's famous book "Wohlstand für alle" ("Wealth for All") is very telling about the real objective of the social market economy.
Erhard would be certainly proud to see that over 50 years after he and his close collaborator Alfred Müller-Armack coined the term "social market economy", the Lisbon Treaty now states that the economic constitution of Europe's single market should become a "social market economy" 1 . This means of course that the EU continues to have the core responsibility to ensure effective competition, monetary stability, and financial stability, and to create a sound legal framework for this. It also means that, ultimately, the benefits of stability and a competitive single market must be felt by citizens. As Erhard said: "An economic policy may only be called social where it makes sure that economic progress, higher performance and productivity growth in the end will benefit the consumer." 2 In this Erhardian sense, the EU's competition policy (to mention the most prominent example) is not an end in itself, but a policy that allows consumers, thanks to the determined intervention of the European Commission against anti-competitive practices, to save up to 11 billion euro per year. In the same way, telecoms liberalisation driven by the EU is a success story not only because it has led to open markets, new market players and enhanced investment. But in particular because it has allowed Europe's consumers to save around 35% on their communication bills in the past five years alone. Relying on market forces and competition on the one hand, and generating tangible consumer benefits on the other, are therefore the two sides of the same coin in a social market economy. And it should, in my personal view, certainly be the guiding principles for the first European Commission to take office under the new Lisbon Treaty.
The p olitical determination now needed for economic recovery
The sound principles of a social market alone were of course not sufficient to allow post-war Germany to recover economically; nor will the words "social market economy" suffice to bring Europe today back on track to sustainable economic growth and jobs. The principles of a social market economy must be implemented by concrete and determined policy action. Ideological solutions will not do the job. Pragmatism and an openness to new solutions are needed, in particular in times of crisis. Ludwig Erhard was very good at that, as he was telling people from the beginning what to expect from his action, sometimes also by resorting to "self-fulfilling prophecies".
What must be avoided is a "Christmas Tree Effect" in recovery measures. Let's be clear: Those who try to satisfy everybody will in the end satisfy nobody. Priorities, focus and political leadership are thus needed when the European Union works in the next weeks and months on further measures for the aftermath of the global financial and economic crisis – the measures which citizens expect will help to bring about sustainable economic recovery.
For the EU today, the first priority must be to transpose the important proposals of the De Larosière - Report into concrete EU legislation. These proposals aim to ensure financial stability, which is the pre-condition for lasting economic stability in Europe.
In addition to that, we need to focus on those measures which have the best chance of stimulating our economy and preserving jobs in the European Union. There is an important consideration which we need to bear in mind when setting our priorities. In the past months, governments and central banks have been pouring unprecedented amounts of money into the economy to provide liquidity and to limit the downturn. F iscal stimulus packages adopted by governments across the euro area amount, for 2009 and 2010, to €400 billion, or 4.6% of GDP (including automatic stabilisers). This stimulus is an unquestionable necessity, and Ludwig Erhard would probably have agreed with many of these measures. He had always warned against an ill-conceived "austerity policy", in view of Germany's bad experiences in the late 1920s and early 1930s. We also heard this week from the Ministers of Economy and Finance that the time for an exit strategy from stimulus measures is still not there yet, in spite of the first "green shoots" of economic recovery that can be detected. But public authorities should never forget that it is the taxpayer who picks up the bill for all this at the end. And that ordinary citizens would be the first to suffer from inflationary developments that could result from further monetary expansion.
If we don't want to hang this burden around the necks of future generations, governments will have to make very smart use of the public money that will now be invested into Europe's recovery. They will also have to seize increasingly those opportunities with little or no extra cost attached for the taxpayer. And yes, there are such opportunities.
The Digital Europe Strategy
This brings me to my specific answer to the present economic downturn: Europe's digital economy, where private and public investors can expect a particularly good return on investment.
This innovative sector with importance across the whole economy generates already today substantial revenues via the internet and mobile phones, in particular by providing access to news, information, music, books, films, games and other digital content. And Europe's digital economy has tremendous potential: With a mobile penetration rate of 119% (up from 84% in 2004 when the Barroso-Commission took office), there are today more mobile phone subscriptions than citizens in the EU. 60% of households are connected to the internet (up from 41% five years ago). And while in 2004, only 33% of these households had a high speed broadband connection, this has grown to 80% in the five years of this European Commission.
All this is only the starting point. Europe promises to become even more digital in the years to come. A demographic analysis tells us that today, only 35% of the total population in the EU have used advanced internet services in the last 3 months. This is markedly different for people between 16 and 24: 73% of them have recently used the internet for advanced data transmission, in particular for uploads and downloads of content and for social networking. This figure rises to 89% in Denmark, Europe's most competitive telecoms market.
With these young, regular and intensive internet users, there is a whole generation of "digital natives" ready to apply innovations like web 2.0 to business and public life, whether as podcasters, bloggers, social networkers or website owners. It is in this new generation that there is real growth potential for Europe. Very soon, these digital natives will be turning into consumers with important purchasing power. This is one of the reasons why the European Commission believes that the roll out and development of high speed broadband internet – whether via fixed or via wireless connections – could create around one million jobs in Europe, and spur broadband-related growth in economic activity to the tune of €850 billion. Let us not forget that each 10% of additional broadband penetration yields 1.3% extra growth, according to a new World Bank study.
T o seize this potential in our digital economy, Europe will need to create the right framework for ensuring effective competition and sound regulatory conditions in a well-functioning single market as well as incentives for innovation. In view of the commitment to the social market economy, we also need to make sure that, in the end, consumers benefit from the digital economy. This is particularly important if we want to convince the digital natives to become the drivers of our digital economy.
President Barroso has clearly set out our ambitions when he wrote to the Heads of State and Government on 17 June. He said that we now have to bring about "a Europe committed to the radical transformation towards a knowledge-based society."
To achieve this radical transformation, I have been working with my team in the past weeks on a strategy for a Digital Europe . This plan has two parts: First, action which the EU institutions can take or prepare still this year, under the present Commission, on the basis of work already started. And secondly, action which we believe should become a priority for the next five years.
The imminent actions for boosting Digital Europe
In line with Ludwig Erhard's understanding of the social market economy, we have so far been focussing our action on the structural pre-conditions needed to get the digital economy going. Our policy target is clear: We would like to have internet broadband for all Europeans by 2010. And high-speed internet broadband for all Europeans by 2013.
The "first movers" in Europe have already started implementing these targets: T he French government, with its plan France Numérique 2012, is pursuing the objective to equip all French households with an internet connection of at least 512 Kbit/s by the end of 2012. In the UK, Lord Carter told us, in his ambitious Digital Britain report, that the government sets the objective to serve all British households by broadband networks of at least 2 Mbit/s by the end of 2012, eased by the creation of a Next Generation Fund. In Germany, the federal government, in its Breitbandstrategie, calls for connections of 50 Mbit/s to serve 75% of the population by 2014. Finland has even committed to a universal broadband service at 100 Mbit/s . These are examples of countries who got their priorities right. They all have recognised the need for boosting the digital economy.
What can Europe add to this? We can make sure, over the next months, that these positive beginnings are accompanied and reinforced by clear European signals and complemented by concrete measures. We must encourage all EU countries to join the "first movers" swiftly, in the spirit of our open single market and our common European competition rules.
To promote competitive infrastructures for a Digital Europe, there are four concrete steps we can and should take in the next months:
Digital Priorities for the next five years
The se four measures mentioned should be implemented in the next coming months. You can be sure that I will not tire in pushing for their successful completion.
However, we already need to look today at the strategic priorities for the medium term. With other regions of the world becoming ever more competitive, Europe cannot simply tread water, by simply ensuring sufficient spectrum and modern infrastructures. Would you take a high speed train that isn't going to an exciting destination? Obviously, high speed internet requires high interest content and attractive services for the end-consumer. Also for this part of Europe's digital economy, a sound framework, combining the strength of market forces with a single-market-wide regulatory level playing field, appears to be the best answer that Europe can give. The Commission will open a broader consultation on our Digital Europe Strategy in August. Already today, I would like to present to you the four priority areas where EU action appears to be most needed 3 :
1. My first and most important priority for Digital Europe is: To make it easier and more attractive to access digital content, wherever produced in Europe. The availability of attractive content that appeals to European viewers, listeners and readers will be decisive in driving further the take-up of high-speed broadband internet. It is therefore regrettable that we currently have an extremely polarised debate on the matter: While many right holders insist that every unauthorised download from the internet is a violation of intellectual property rights and therefore illegal or even criminal, others stress that access to the internet is a crucial fundamental right. Let me be clear on this: Both sides are right. The drama is that after long and often fruitless battles, both camps have now dug themselves in their positions, without any signs of opening from either side.
In the meantime, internet piracy appears to become more and more "sexy", in particular for the digital natives already, the young generation of intense internet users between 16 and 24. This generation should become the foundation of our digital economy, of new innovation and new growth opportunities. However, Eurostat figures show that 60% of them have downloaded audiovisual content from the internet in the past months without paying. And 28% state that they would not be willing to pay.
These figures reveal the serious deficiencies of the present system. It is necessary to penalise those who are breaking the law. But are there really enough attractive and consumer-friendly legal offers on the market? Does our present legal system for Intellectual Property Rights really live up to the expectations of the internet generation? Have we considered all alternative options to repression? Have we really looked at the issue through the eyes of a 16 year old? Or only from the perspective of law professors who grew up in the Gutenberg Age? In my view, growing internet piracy is a vote of no-confidence in existing business models and legal solutions. It should be a wake-up call for policy-makers.
I f we do not, very quickly, make it easier and more consumer-friendly to access digital content, we could lose a whole generation as supporters of artistic creation and legal use of digital services. Economically, socially, and culturally, this would be a tragedy. It will therefore be my key priority to work, in cooperation with other Commissioners, on a simple, consumer-friendly legal framework for accessing digital content in Europe's single market, while ensuring at the same time fair remuneration of creators. Digital Europe can only be built with content creators on board; and with the generation of digital natives as interested users and innovative consumers .
I will give you two examples of what Europe could do concretely for this:
2. Priority two on my to-do-list for Digital Europe is: preparing for a safe and consumer-friendly European space for mobile payments. Today, the lack of common EU-wide standards and rules for "m-cash" leaves the great potential of "m-commerce" and the mobile web unexploited. W e have more than 500 million mobile users in Europe. This means that Europe has the economies of scale to offer for an innovation-friendly environment that will allow transforming the mobile phone into an electronic wallet. Very quickly, we could see the mobile phone being used for buying most day-to-day items electronically, such as tickets in a station, sodas from a vending machine or flowers in a shop. This would make life easier for consumers; and open up new business opportunities for European companies.
3. My third priority for boosting the digital economy is: Europe's digital economy should be opened up to small businesses. In Europe, we have 23 million small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) which make up 99% of all firms. Accounting for over 100 million jobs, SMEs can be the mainspring of Europe's economic resurgence. But in the use of productivity-boosting ICT tools, SMEs lag substantially behind big firms: only 9% of SMEs use electronic invoices, and only 11% of them have technology-based human resource management. If SMEs could access computing power over the web, they would no longer need to buy and maintain technologies or IT applications and services. Such web based services – called "cloud computing" – are the medicine needed for our credit squeezed economy: they can make businesses more productive by shifting from fixed costs (i.e. hiring staff or buying PCs) to variable costs (i.e. you only pay for what you use). However, today these new services are nearly all US-owned and US-based. Once again, the US has started to exploit a business model before Europe has managed to do so. We cannot let this continue. In my view, we need a major effort to set up Europe-hosted "clouds" to give European SMEs access to fast, open and productivity enhancing services. A recent study estimated that online business services could add 0.2% to annual GDP growth, create a million new jobs and allow hundreds of thousand of new SMEs to take off in Europe over the next five years. So what are we waiting for?
4. My fourth priority for Digital Europe is: making better use of innovative ICT solutions to meet our objectives of a low-carbon economy . This aspect is still neglected in our ongoing work to prepare with ambition for the Copenhagen Conference at the end of the year. Just consider the following: If businesses in Europe were to replace only 20% of all business trips by video conferencing, we could save more than 22 million tons of CO 2 per year. And cloud computing could, by helping to improve the efficiency of IT solutions, lead to electricity savings in computing activity of up to 80%. Let us also not forget what ICT could do for safer, smarter and greener cars in Europe. I firmly believe that Digital Europe cannot afford to turn a blind eye to its ecological potential, which in turn can open up new business opportunities for European ICT companies. We will therefore have to add some "green" to Ludwig Erhard's social market economy.
Ladies and gentlemen,
Ludwig Erhard wrote, in his book "Wohlstand for alle", that in the course of European integration, politicians could be tempted to focus too much on institut ions, and not enough on what these institutions are there for. Too much institutional talk and not enough concrete policy outcomes, was his criticism of the European process. I am afraid that if Erhard could have seen what sometimes happens here in the "Brussels bubble" in these days, he might have felt justified in his criticism – and rightly so.
I therefore hope that, after some weeks of hesitations and doubts, we will now swiftly get back to business. In view of the economic crisis, wait and see is certainly not an option for Europe. I personally feel very confident that with a strong, independent European Commission that seeks inspiration from the principles of the social market economy, we will indeed manage to bring Europe swiftly back on the path of sustainable growth. A clear strategy for boosting a digital economy for businesses and citizens, as outlined in my Digital Europe plan, should play an important role in this.
If we keep Ludwig Erhard, his principles and the importance of psychology for economic development in mind, we may even be able to perform a small "economic miracle" in the coming years. In the past 20 years, Europe led the mobile phone revolution thanks to the innovative force of its researchers and businesses, its team approach and its capacity for creating a level playing field that allowed economies of scale to unfold. The next decade's technologies will be as markedly changed as the economy and society. A generation of high-tech Europeans, using mobile devices to access the internet and using the internet to access mobile services, can be just around the corner – if we focus our policies on the right priorities. I believe the time for this is now. Let's get the job done.
Article 3(2) of the reformed Treaty on European Union.
"Eine Wirtschaftspolitik darf sich aber nur dann sozial nennen, wenn sie den wirtschaftlichen Fortschritt, die höhere Leistungsergiebigkeit und die steigende Produktivität dem Verbraucher schlechthin zugute kommen lässt." (Wohlstand für Alle).
This adds to, and complements, the "Digital Agenda", presented jointly with Consumer Affairs Commissioner Meglena Kuneva. See the press release of 5 May 2009 " Consumer Rights: Commission wants consumers to surf the web without borders" ( IP/09/702 ).
Side Bar


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Someone recently called LINQ "magic" in my hearing. I leapt to LINQ's defense immediately. Turns out some people don't realize "magic" is can be a pejorative term. I thought LINQ needed demystification. Here's your best demystification resource: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mattwar/archive/2008/11/18/linq-links.aspx. I won't repeat much of what Matt Warren says in his excellent series, but will talk about some core ideas and how they affect the 2.1 release of StreamInsight.
Let's tell the story of a LINQ query.
Compile time
It begins with some code:
var query = from p in products
where p.Name == "Widget"
select p.ProductID;
foreach (int id in query)
When the code is compiled, the C# compiler (among other things) de-sugars the query expression (see C# spec section 7.16):
var query = products.Where(p => p.Name == "Widget").Select(p => p.ProductID);
Overload resolution subsequently binds the Queryable.Where<Product> and Queryable.Select<Product, int> extension methods (see C# spec sections 7.5 and 7.6.5). After overload resolution, the compiler knows something interesting about the anonymous functions (lambda syntax) in the de-sugared code: they must be converted to expression trees, i.e.,"an object structure that represents the structure of the anonymous function itself" (see C# spec section 6.5). The conversion is equivalent to the following rewrite:
var prm1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Product), "p");
var prm2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Product), "p");
var query = Queryable.Select<Product, int>(
Expression.Lambda<Func<Product, bool>>(Expression.Property(prm1, "Name"), prm1)),
Expression.Lambda<Func<Product, int>>(Expression.Property(prm2, "ProductID"), prm2));
If the "products" expression had type IEnumerable<Product>, the compiler would have chosen the Enumerable.Where and Enumerable.Select extension methods instead, in which case the anonymous functions would have been converted to delegates.
At this point, we've reduced the LINQ query to familiar code that will compile in C# 2.0. (Note that I'm using C# snippets to illustrate transformations that occur in the compiler, not to suggest a viable compiler design!)
When the above program is executed, the Queryable.Where method is invoked. It takes two arguments. The first is an IQueryable<> instance that exposes an Expression property and a Provider property. The second is an expression tree. The Queryable.Where method implementation looks something like this:
return source.Provider.CreateQuery<T>(
Expression.Call(this method, source.Expression, Expression.Quote(predicate)));
Notice that the method is really just composing a new expression tree that calls itself with arguments derived from the source and predicate arguments. Also notice that the query object returned from the method is associated with the same provider as the source query.
By invoking operator methods, we're constructing an expression tree that describes a query. Interestingly, the compiler and operator methods are colluding to construct a query expression tree. The important takeaway is that expression trees are built in one of two ways: (1) by the compiler when it sees an anonymous function that needs to be converted to an expression tree, and; (2) by a query operator method that constructs a new queryable object with an expression tree rooted in a call to the operator method (self-referential).
Next we hit the foreach block. At this point, the power of LINQ queries becomes apparent. The provider is able to determine how the query expression tree is evaluated! The code that began our story was intentionally vague about the definition of the "products" collection. Maybe it is a queryable in-memory collection of products:
{ new Product { Name = "Widget", ProductID = 1 } }.AsQueryable();
The in-memory LINQ provider works by rewriting Queryable method calls to Enumerable method calls in the query expression tree. It then compiles the expression tree and evaluates it. It should be mentioned that the provider does not blindly rewrite all Queryable calls. It only rewrites a call when its arguments have been rewritten in a way that introduces a type mismatch, e.g. the first argument to Queryable.Where<Product> being rewritten as an expression of type IEnumerable<Product> from IQueryable<Product>. The type mismatch is triggered initially by a "leaf" expression like the one associated with the AsQueryable query: when the provider recognizes one of its own leaf expressions, it replaces the expression with the original IEnumerable<> constant expression. I like to think of this rewrite process as "type irritation" because the rewritten leaf expression is like a foreign body that triggers an immune response (further rewrites) in the tree. The technique ensures that only those portions of the expression tree constructed by a particular provider are rewritten by that provider: no type irritation, no rewrite.
Let's consider the behavior of an alternative LINQ provider. If "products" is a collection created by a LINQ to SQL provider:
the provider rewrites the expression tree as a SQL query that is then evaluated by your favorite RDBMS. The predicate may ultimately be evaluated using an index! In this example, the expression associated with the Products property is the "leaf" expression.
StreamInsight 2.1
For the in-memory LINQ to Objects provider, a leaf is an in-memory collection. For LINQ to SQL, a leaf is a table or view.
When defining a "process" in StreamInsight 2.1, what is a leaf? To StreamInsight a leaf is logic: an adapter, a sequence, or even a query targeting an entirely different LINQ provider!
How do we represent the logic? Remember that a standing query may outlive the client that provisioned it. A reference to a sequence object in the client application is therefore not terribly useful. But if we instead represent the code constructing the sequence as an expression, we can host the sequence in the server:
var app = server.Applications["my application"];
var source = app.DefineObservable(() => Observable.Range(0, 10, Scheduler.NewThread));
var query = from i in source where i % 2 == 0 select i;
Example 1: defining a source and composing a query
Let's look in more detail at what's happening in example 1. We first connect to the remote server and retrieve an existing app. Next, we define a simple Reactive sequence using the Observable.Range method. Notice that the call to the Range method is in the body of an anonymous function. This is important because it means the source sequence definition is in the form of an expression, rather than simply an opaque reference to an IObservable<int> object. The variation in Example 2 fails. Although it looks similar, the sequence is now a reference to an in-memory observable collection:
var source = app.DefineObservable(() => local); // can't serialize 'local'!
Example 2: error referencing unserializable local object
The Define* methods support definitions of operator tree leaves that target the StreamInsight server. These methods all have the same basic structure. The definition argument is a lambda expression taking between 0 and 16 arguments and returning a source or sink. The method returns a proxy for the source or sink that can then be used for the usual style of LINQ query composition. The "define" methods exploit the compile-time C# feature that converts anonymous functions into translatable expression trees!
Query composition exploits the runtime pattern that allows expression trees to be constructed by operators taking queryable and expression (Expression<>) arguments. The practical upshot: once you've Defined a source, you can compose LINQ queries in the familiar way using query expressions and operator combinators. Notably, queries can be composed using pull-sequences (LINQ to Objects IQueryable<> inputs), push sequences (Reactive IQbservable<> inputs), and temporal sequences (StreamInsight IQStreamable<> inputs). You can even construct processes that span these three domains using "bridge" method overloads (ToEnumerable, ToObservable and To*Streamable).
Finally, the targeted rewrite via type irritation pattern is used to ensure that StreamInsight computations can leverage other LINQ providers as well. Consider the following example (this example depends on Interactive Extensions):
EnumerableEx.Using(() =>
new NorthwindDataContext(), context =>
from p in context.Products
where p.ProductID == id
select p.ProductName));
Within the definition, StreamInsight has no reason to suspect that it 'owns' the Queryable.Where and Queryable.Select calls, and it can therefore defer to LINQ to SQL! Let's use this source in the context of a StreamInsight process:
var query = from name in source(1).ToObservable()
where name == "Widget"
select name;
using (query.Bind(sink).Run("process"))
When we run the binding, the source portion which filters on product ID and projects the product name is evaluated by SQL Server. Outside of the definition, responsibility for evaluation shifts to the StreamInsight server where we create a bridge to the Reactive Framework (using ToObservable) and evaluate an additional predicate.
It's incredibly easy to define computations that span multiple domains using these new features in StreamInsight 2.1!
The StreamInsight Team

subset: commoncrawl


text:
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The White House said on Friday it is vital for Congress to quickly resolve future tax and spending feuds, and raise the U.S. borrowing authority to avoid economic uncertainty.
"It is quite clear that the economy will be better if Congress does its job and does what it routinely has done historically which is raise the debt limit without problem," Alan Krueger, chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, said in an interview on Bloomberg television.
Speaking just days after President Barack Obama and lawmakers settled a hard-fought "fiscal cliff" deal to avert tax hikes and spending cuts, he warned a battle on borrowing costs and the budget might lead the U.S. to risk a credit downgrade.
"I think we really are playing with dynamite with the debt ceiling," Krueger said in a separate interview on MSNBC. "Just go back to August 2011, we saw confidence plunge when Congress played Russian roulette with the debt ceiling. We saw job growth grind to almost a halt. So the economy will certainly do better if Congress does what it normally does, which is raise the debt ceiling without drama."
Reporting By Margaret Chadbourn, Anna Yukhananov, Doug Palmer; Editing by Vicki Allen


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Sherman H. McClain, 93, died Feb. 18, 2009, at Richland Memorial Hospital in Olney, Ill.
Sherman was born Dec. 27, 1916, in Shelbyville to Chester and Frona (Hornbach) McClain. He was also preceded in death by two sisters, Leota Ayres and Elizabeth Zappa; and an infant brother. From 1923 to 1950 he lived in New Liberty, farming and helping in McClain's Grocery.
He is survived by his wife, Jennifer Elder McClain of Olney; a niece, Elizabeth Prewitt of New Liberty; two great-nieces, Suzanne Arnold and Dawn Davis; and a great-nephew, Edward Arnold.
Margie Mason Hammond, 86, of Owenton, died Feb. 13, 2009, at Owenton Manor. Born Sept. 16, 1922, in Owen County, she was the daughter of the late Richard and Artie Nash Mason and the widow of George Andrew Hammond. She was also preceded by a great-grandson, Charlie Miller. Margie was a homemaker and a member of Canby Tabernacle.
Henry Lloyd Wainscott, 87, of Huntsville, Ala., and formerly of Owenton, died Feb. 18, 2009.
Born Sept. 24, 1921, in Owen County, he was the son of the late Elmer and Kate Shupert Wainscott.He was also preceded in death by a grandson, Greg Wainscott; and two sisters, Mildred Smith and Lois Watkins. Henry was a WWII Army veteran where he served as a medic. He was also an upholsterer and a member of the Baptist faith.
Dee Crawford, 79, of Owenton, died Jan. 29, 2009, at New Horizons Medical Center.
Born June 23, 1929, in Dadeville, Mo., she was the daughter of the late Homer and Neva Patterson Glaze. She was a homemaker and a member of the Baptist faith.
She was preceded in death by her husband, Herbert Lee Crawford; 7 brothers and five sisters.
J.D. Turner, 78, of Owenton, died Feb. 15, 2009, at Central Baptist Hospital in Lexington.
Born Aug. 11, 1931, in Jamestown, he was the son of the late Winston and Agnes Pryor Turner. He was preceded in death by his brothers, John, Oscar, and Bules Turner; and his sister, Juanita Turner. Mr. Turner was a truck driver and a member of Pleasant Ridge Baptist Church.
Wanda Lee Tate, 65, of Owenton died Feb. 9, 2009, at Frankfort Regional Medical Center.
Born Aug. 20, 1943, in Indianapolis, Ind., she was the daughter of the late Clay and Clarice Wainscott Skirvin. She was a farmer and a member of Greenup Fork Baptist Church.
She is survived by a brother, Roy Skirvin of Lawrenceburg, Tenn.; two sisters, Frances Hopkins and her husband Charles of Owenton, and Patritica Montgomery of Bradford Tenn.
She was preceded in death by her husband, Lee Tate.
Donald Hughes Sr., 63, of Owenton, died Feb. 13, 2009, at Frankfort Regional Medical Center. He was an electrician for David Glass Electrical and an Army veteran of the Vietnam War. He was a member of the Pentecostal faith.
He is survived by a daughter, Melinda Sue Turner of Georgetown; two sons, Donald Lee Hughes Jr. of Georgetown and William Patrick Hughes of Owenton; a sister, Patricia James of Paris; a brother, Bill Hughes of Georgetown; and six grandchildren.
Harold Glenn Barnes, 62, of Owenton, died Feb. 13, 2009, at Central Baptist Hospital in Lexington. Born Jan. 20, 1947, in Wolfe County, he was the son of the late Garrett and Dorothy Bronson Barnes. He was a truck driver, an Army veteran and a member of Corinth Baptist Church. He was very active in the Odd Fellows Emmanuel Lodge #213 and the Owen Masonic #128 F&AM, where he was a past Grand Master and served as past District Deputy Grand Master of the Masonic Lodge.
Estella Louise Johnson, 66, of Lexington, died Feb. 11, 2009, at the home of her granddaughter in Lexington.
Born July 20, 1942, in Louisville, she was the daughter of the late Carl and Margaret Johnson Brent. She was a homemaker and member of Park Ridge Baptist Church.
Beatrice Hackett, 80, of Lockport, died Feb. 9, 2009, at Frankfort Regional Medical Center.
Born Feb. 5, 1929, in Henry County, she was the daughter of the late Manuel and Bernice Aynes Craven, and the widow of Bernard Hackett.
She is survived by her son, Michael Hackett of Lockport; her two daughters, Janeie Hackett-Smith and her husband Larry of Gratz, and Phoebe Hackett of Lockport; and her sister, Claircee Kemper of Pleasureville.
Her family held a private memorial service.
Online condolences can be sent via mcdonaldandnew.com.
Copyright © 2019
The Owenton News-Herald is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Owen County and Owenton, KY, and the surrounding area.


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The ASERT Resource Center serves as Pennsylvania's leading source for up-to-date and accurate information and resources for individuals with autism, their families, the community and the professionals who support them. Contact the ASERT resource center to speak with a resource specialist who can help you learn how to discover and access resources in Pennsylvania. The resource center is open Monday-Friday from 8 a.m. – 5 p.m.
If you have additional questions about information you found on PAautism.org or would like to invite an outreach specialist to attend an event, conference, or support group, someone at the resource center can assist you.
Be sure to visit the following pages below here on PAautism.org to find helpful information. If you still have additional questions, contact the Resource Center.
By phone
M-F 8:00am to 5:00pm EST
By email:
Are you located outside of Pennsylvania?
The ASERT resource center is focused on specific resources in Pennsylvania. If you are in another state, the resources specialists will not be able to help you. Please visit the resources section of PAautism.org, as some of the online resources may be applicable to residents of other states.
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Join them at Burholme Park on August 17th, for the Food Truck & Craft Festival!! Featuring the Local Philly Food Trucks, Children's Activities, Crafters, Vendors, Businesses & Music, This food truck festival is a great event for the whole family!!!!.... Bring a chair, stay a while!
This page shows social events for transition age youth. If you are looking for conferences, visit our Professional Events page.
Join our community. Connect with us.


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Kansas City Gay bars and clubs by distance
- Hamburger Mary's (1.1m) Gay gay gay burger chain...more
- Sidekicks (3.1m) Large dance bar with a 300 capacity. Country, western and retro 6 nights a week. Never a cover charge...more
- Buddies Lounge (3.1m) Buddies have daily drink specials, beer busts, pool, darts, ATM, special events and contests...more
- Missie B's (3.5m) Number one drag bar in Kansas City featuring shows 5 nights a week. Outdoor smoking patio, karaoke, leather shop, $7 beer bust Sun...more
Kansas City Gay Bars and Clubs from ClubFly
ClubFly provides a gay bar, club, nightlife and GLBT center mapper for Kansas City, Missouri and the rest of the USA. Kansas City gay bars and clubs are mapped in your gayborhood with ratings, tags, videos, tips, transit/walking directions, and driving directions.


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The Arrow of Light Award is the pinnacle of a Cub Scout's career and is the only Cub Scout award or insignia that may be worn on the Boy Scout uniform. Boys who achieve this award and the leaders and family members who help can be very proud of the these Cub Scouts' accomplishments.
For the leader, the keys to the Arrow of Light Award are to:
Remember, your goal includes bridging your Webelos Scouts to Boy Scouts!
Den meeting plans are developed around a Scouting program year that is presumed to begin in early September and continue through May, at which time Cub Scouts would become involved in summertime Scouting activities. The Arrow of Light den meeting plans outlined below offer one way of earning the Arrow of Light. If you as a den leader modify the order/badges, make sure requirements will still be met..
Download Arrow of Light Den Meeting Planning Worksheet
Download the Arrow of Light Letter Template


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MACON, Ga. – For the second time in less than a month, Lipscomb redshirt sophomore Ashley Southern has been named the Atlantic Sun Newcomer of the Week after averaging 16.5 points and 13.5 rebounds for the Lady Bisons.
In 33 minutes of play against Tennessee State on Tuesday, Southern scored 13 points on 5-of-11 shooting and grabbed 12 rebounds to help lead the Lady Bisons to an 81-78 win in overtime, their first of the season. It was her fourth double-double of the year.
Saturday against Murray State, the Bisons had a game plan to feed Southern in the post and in 36 minutes of play, she went 7-of-20 from the field and hit a career-high six free throws to give her 20 points. Southern collected 15 boards to give her a fifth double-double in six games this season.
For the year Southern is averaging 15.8 points and 13.8 rebounds. Her rebounding average ranks fourth in the nation. She had led Lipscomb in rebounding in every game this season.


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Local Communities Work to Save their Grasslands and Wetlands
We witnessed wetlands management in action in the Namuna Buffer Zone Community Forest in Amaltari, Nawalparasi district, where twenty-five men and women were working to clear dense water hyacinth and water cabbage growth from a small section of the Sano Narayani (known locally as Bhutaha Dhaab). Originally a river, the water source has become severely depleted, and is now little more than a pond. Dr. Jnawali explains: "Threats such as siltation, encroachment, overexploitation of resources, invasive alien plant species and pollution are responsible for the degradation of our wetlands and the destruction of the habitats and water sources for our wildlife." Dr Jnawali goes on to say that the degradation of grasslands is caused by overgrazing, encroachment, invasive alien plants, and uncontrolled or mistimed burning.
DB Chaudhary, Chief Advisor to Namuna Community Forest User Group is also concerned: "We have worked to increase the awareness of local people of the importance of grasslands and wetlands. They know that unless the grasslands and wetlands are maintained, there is little chance of conserving the area's biodiversity. Any loss of biodiversity is bound to affect their livelihoods which rely, to a greater or lesser extent, on agriculture, wildlife, and tourism." The Namuna group is currently working with men and women from the excluded Mushahar caste on a number of riverine grassland and wetland management initiatives in the Namuna Buffer Zone Community Forest. Activities such as these not only provide a source of livelihood for local communities, but also make them more receptive to the principles of biodiversity conservation. This initiative is supported by the Hariyo Ban Program through WWF Nepal.
The Namuna ecosystem is home to a number of rare and endangered species such as the Bengal Florican – the world's rarest bustard – and the hog deer. Bengal Floricans are ground-nesting and require a habitat with ample grassland. Hariyo Ban is working to conserve the Namuna grasslands to prevent species like these from dying out. Wetlands, wet-grasslands, pastures, and swampy areas are also home to a dazzling range of fauna and flora that Hariyo Ban is working to conserve. DB Chaudhary told us about the importance of striking a balance: "The popular notion that we must have forests everywhere is misguided. Rhinos, spotted deer (chital in Nepali), barking deer (ratuwa in Nepali), peacocks and thrushes all need grasslands for their survival. If the grasslands are healthy and full of prey, the tiger will come to the grasslands to hunt." A tiger population indicates a healthy forest, the apex predator being at the very top of the food chain.
With infestations of bitter vine (Mikania micrantha) and other invasive species reducing the hundreds of hectares of grassland in Namuna to less than 20 hectares in 7 years, work to reverse the degradation was urgent. With support from the Hariyo Ban Program, 70 hectares has already been cleared.
DB Chaudhary is also the coordinator at the Jatayu Vulture Restaurant which is managed by the Namuna User Group. The restaurant has been working to conserve the local vulture population since 2006, by providing meat that is free from Diclofenac – a common cattle mediation which is deadly to vultures. "This vulture restaurant has helped local communities to benefit from local biodiversity," says Chaudhary, "this is now a tourist attraction – and if we manage the adjoining community forest effectively we'll attract even more tourists."
Effective grassland management can also help to ensure a healthy supply of cane and thatch for building houses. Grasslands are the only source of Halfa grass (kush in Nepali - Desmostachya bipinnata) which is used in Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. What's more, grasslands capture and store carbon, and have an important role to play in greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies. The 850 households that make up the Namuna Community Forest User Group see grassland and wetland management as a way to ensure sustainable livelihoods for their communities.
By Richa Bhattarai, Communications Associate, Hariyo Ban Program, WWF Nepal
For further information,
Please e-mail: email@example.com
Disclaimer: The Hariyo Ban Program is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this article are the responsibility of WWF and its consortium partners and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.


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Pedestrians, bicyclists and traffic fatalities in Jacksonville are increasing dramatically, prompting the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office, Florida Highway Patrol and Florida Department of Transportation to start a new safety campaign, "Alert Today, Alive Tomorrow. Safety Doesn't Happen by Accident."
The campaign is asking motorists, pedestrians and bicyclists to be more aware of each other and be more alert.
"We've got a serious problem in Jacksonville," said Duval County Sheriff John Rutherford, who spoke at a news conference March 1 with Transportation Secretary Greg Evans and Maj. Anthony Allen of the FHP.
Traffic fatalities in Jacksonville have increased 34 percent, up from 103 in 2011 to 138 in 2012. Motor vehicle versus pedestrian fatalities increased to 32 in 2012, up from 23 in 2011, and motor vehicle versus bicyclist deaths increased to nine, compared with 5 the previous year.
The $100,000 campaign, funded by the Florida Department of Transportation, will include radio and television advertising, billboards and brochures.


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The Thibaut swatches have arrived! I feel like a kid in a candy store amidst all of these beautiful prints. Olivia was overwhelmed too.
After laying out a variety of different color ways, it quickly became clear that a coral, tan and brown palette was the way to go. The strong, saturated colors (mixed with a few softer pastels) would help to feminize the space while complimenting the colors of the wall animals.
Left to right: Pearl Trellis in brown, Baltic Stripe in pastel, Malibu in peach, Pearl Trellis in coral, Coco in natural, Malay Ikat in beige, Metropolis Stripe in brown and Times Square in brown.
Now which to choose for the curtains…
I knew which fabric that I thought would look best lining the windows… and I was so happy when Liv agreed.
Thibaut's Baltic Stripe – Pastel on Cream it is!
Now I'm off to pick up some lining from Joann's Fabrics today to get this party project started.
If you're catching up on Project Nursery, here's a link to the initial fabric board, vintage wall art addition, changing table makeover, nursery wall striping tutorial, painted animal project, the initial inspiration board and the before picture posts.


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I used to be an advocate for backing up your work! I even used to post monthly messages to remind all of you to back up your work.
The last time I backed up to my other hard drive I got a message telling me there wasn't enough room. Did I buy another one??????? NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
You know where this is going.....
Late Saturday night my EHD fell off the table and onto the floor...and of course it didn't work! I tried and tried but nothing!
Today I went over to Best Buy to the Geek Squad and gave them my External Hard Drive to fix.
They were very nice, took my info and EHD and I even bought another back up EHD.
Less than an hour ago, Matt from the Geek Squad called to tell me it was worse than they thought and they have to ship it out to some super duper Geek Squad place. I have to go back tomorrow morning to fill out more paper work and pay more money! And he still wasn't sure if they could fix it.
I feel sick! Just the photos of my son alone make me upset! All the scrap files I could deal with, but missing pictures from April (the last time I backed up) to August has me very upset.
You know the moral of this story.. stop what you are doing and BACK UP YOUR WORK!!
This has been a Damsel in DISTRESS public service announcement!
Sunday, September 11, 2011
OMG I am going to be sick!
I used to be an advocate for backing up your work! I even used to post monthly messages to remind all of you to back up your work.
Posted by Maria Dragone at 8:31 PM 1 comments
Labels: back up your work
Wednesday, September 07, 2011
Sept Template Freebie
Sept came in with a BANG over here with Hurricane Irene and we've been flooded over here on the east coast. I was very slow getting up my September Template Challenge, but it's up and ready now!
Get this month's freebie here
It's only FREE until September 30. Template is available in psd and png formats!
here is some amazing inspiration
from jellybean design
from Nadine
from browneyedsusan
from Marcie
and by me
If you like the September 2011 Template Challenge you'll like this bundle. Four more grungy templates for your amazing photos.
Each template has THREE (3) different photo masks for you to mix and match, use for photos or papers.
Each template comes in png and psd formats!
Grungy Template Bundle
Save: 25% off
pick it up on sale for two weeks only
Posted by Maria Dragone at 11:23 PM 1 comments
Labels: FREE, free layout, freebie, freebie layout, freebie template


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Disney Driven Week In Review 6-29-14
Maria H. (ndm#130) 0 Comments accessories, amy pohler, Animal Kingdom, anna, austin & ally, bill hader, blog conference, breakfast, C-3PO, care package, Chewbacca, Chicago, coca-cola, Cookies, Cupcakes, Darth Vader, Darthenshmirtz, Death Star, dessert, DHS, Dinner, Disney, disney accessories, Disney App, Disney channel, Disney Junior, Disney Parks, Disney social media, Disney Social Media Moms, doc mcstuffins, dog with a blog, drinks, elsa, EPCOT, Etsy, facebook. the best of disney, frozen, Frozen App, Frozen Free Fall, geena davis, ginnifer goodwin, girl meets world, HAN SOLO, hans hernke, heroes, Hollywood Studios, I didn't do it, inside out, Instagram, iphone case, jake, jake & the neverland pirates, Janty Chattaw, Jessie, jo frost, kitchen sink, kristof, lava, leigh-allyn baker, Liv & Maddie, Luke Skywalker, Lunch, Magic Kingdom, Maleficent, malibu beach, Mickey Mouse, Mickey Mouse Clubhouse, mickey mouse cookie cutter, mickeyroni & cheese, Minnie Mouse, NDP, ndps, olaf, On the Road, out of this world weekend, pancakes, Perry the Rebelpus, Phineas and Ferb, PHINEAS AND FERB: STAR WARS, Pinterest, pirates, Pirates of the Caribbean, pirates4hire.com, Pixar, princess, Princess Leia, R2-D2, randy kent, Riddle, riddle of the month, sandwiches, scott rudolph, sharing saturdays, sofia the first, Star Wars, STAR WARS REBELS, Tatooine, tea party, the legend of jack sparrow, topanga canyon, tori spelling, travel, Twitter, villains, Walt Disney Company, Walt Disney Studios
It's the Disney Driven Week In Review! We understand that life keeps you busy, so here is a list ofRead more


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SYSTRAN integrates SRI's toolkit into SYSTRAN Enterprise Server 7, its hybrid machine translation solution for publishable multilingual content
MENLO PARK, California, and PARIS, France – September 23th, 2009
SRI International, an independent nonprofit research and development institute, and SYSTRAN, a leading provider of language translation technologies, today announced that SYSTRAN has licensed and fully integrated SRI's Language Modeling (SRILM) toolkit into the SYSTRAN Enterprise Server 7 product line. SYSTRAN Enterprise Server 7, released in June 2009, provides customers with a hybrid, state-of-the-art machine translation engine, which combines the strengths of rule-based and statistical machine translation, for publishable translation quality.
The SRI Language Modeling Toolkit
Under the licensing agreement, SRI is providing SYSTRAN with SRILM, its toolkit for building and applying statistical language models for applications such as speech recognition, statistical tagging and segmentation, and machine translation. The SRI Language Modeling toolkit has been under development in the SRI Speech Technology and Research (STAR) Laboratory since 1995.
"We are excited that SYSTRAN came to SRI's STAR Laboratory when they needed a proven language modeling toolkit that has been successfully applied in research and commercial projects", said Andreas Stolcke, senior research engineer in SRI's STAR Laboratory. "SRI is pleased to have played a role in enabling SYSTRAN's innovative hybrid approach and we look forward to a long relationship with the company".
"SRI International is a leader in natural language processing technologies, with an excellent reputation for its language modeling toolkit", said Jean Senellart, chief scientist at SYSTRAN. "Based on SRI's track record, they were an obvious technology partner for us in successfully introducing SYSTRAN Enterprise Server 7 to the market. Using SRILM reduced the time-to-market of our solution".
SYSTRAN Enterprise Server 7 product information: www.systransoft.com/translation-products/server/systran-enterprise-server
SRI Language Modeling toolkit information: www.speech.sri.com/projects/srilm
About SRI International
Silicon Valley-based SRI International is one of the world's leading independent research and technology development organizations. SRI, which was founded by Stanford University as Stanford Research Institute in 1946 and became independent in 1970, has been meeting the strategic needs of clients and partners for more than 60 years. Perhaps best known for its invention of the computer mouse and interactive computing, SRI has also been responsible for major advances in networking and communications, robotics, drug discovery and development, advanced materials, atmospheric research, education research, economic development, national security, and more. The nonprofit institute performs sponsored research and development for government agencies, businesses, and foundations. SRI also licenses its technologies, forms strategic alliances, and creates spin-off companies. In 2008, SRI's consolidated revenues, including its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary, Sarnoff Corporation, were approximately $490 million.
About SYSTRAN
SYSTRAN (www.systransoft.com) is the market leading provider of language translation software products and solutions for the desktop, enterprise and Internet that facilitate communication in 52 language combinations and in 20 vertical domains. Use of SYSTRAN products and solutions enhances multilingual communication and increases user productivity and time-savings. SYSTRAN delivers real-time language solutions for search, content management, online customer support, intra or inter-company collaboration, and eCommerce. With the ability to facilitate communication in 52 language combinations and in 20 vertical domains, SYSTRAN's software is the choice of leading global corporations, portals including Apple, Yahoo! and AltaVista, and public agencies such as the US Intelligence Community and the European Commission.
SYSTRAN has been pioneering advances in machine translation for over four decades. Its latest achievement, SYSTRAN Hybrid MT, combines the predictability and language consistency of rule-based machine translation with the fluency of statistical MT.
SYSTRAN is headquartered in Paris, France with a North American office located in San Diego, California, USA.
SYSTRAN (Code ISIN FR0004109197, Bloomberg: SYST NM, Reuters: SYTN.LN) is listed on EuroNext Paris, Compartiment C. For more information, visit www.systransoft.com.
Media Contacts
SRI International
– Ellie Javadi
(650) 859-4874
Email: email@example.com
– Dina Basin
(650) 859-3845
Email: email@example.com


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9 Tips to Faking a Toned Body
Fool everyone into thinking you have a great body (until your workouts pay off) with these expert health and beauty tips
Makeup artist Dean points out that you can use gel bronzer much like a self-tanner to create lines and muscle definition on your body. Start by making sure you are able to see the areas of your body you will be exposing that day (so obviously if you're wearing a long sleeve mini dress, you'll only use a bronzing gel on your legs). Next stand under an overhead light, as this will allow you to see where the natural shadows exist on your body.
On your arms: hold one arm out and flex your muscles. Use a gel bronzer like Laura Mercier Bronzing Gel, $38 and paint in the sideline between your bicep and triceps using a foundation brush to blend. Repeat on the other arm.
On your chest: Using the foundation brush and gel bronzer, paint into the shadows around your clavicle bone.
On your legs: Put on high heels, as this will naturally flex your calf muscles, and paint the shadows created under your muscles again with the gel bronzer and foundation brush to accentuate them.
SEE NEXT PAGE: Slim down your face with makeup
Older comments
by EricaC123 Monday, March 25, 2013 at 04:45PM Report as inappropriate
Cute tips/tricks!
by robyne00 Friday, October 19, 2012 at 02:55PM Report as inappropriate
This is stupid, you\'re only giving people a reason to be lazy, why fake a toned body when you can actually have a toned body...
by rachaellh13 Tuesday, July 10, 2012 at 03:33PM Report as inappropriate
I can't wait to try toning my body with self-tanner. Love the article!
by patricia89 Thursday, June 21, 2012 at 05:59AM Report as inappropriate
OMG, I tried contouring my abs with a bronzer and it totally works! Love this article!
by florawynn Wednesday, June 13, 2012 at 10:22AM Report as inappropriate
I am totally defining my muscles with instant tanner from now on!
by Makeup.addict07 Friday, June 1, 2012 at 08:33PM Report as inappropriate
Of course working out and eating right is the true answer, but if you are just starting & need or want a confidence booster until your workouts start paying off - THIS IS AN AWESOME ARTICLE!!! I LOVE the "how to" tips to debloat your body! LOVE LOVE LOVE!!!
by jojohnson21 Thursday, April 19, 2012 at 08:42AM Report as inappropriate
a good workout is the best beauty product!
by LittleBunny Thursday, April 19, 2012 at 06:25AM Report as inappropriate
good tips..i agree with skiping heavy wights
by olkrav319 Tuesday, April 10, 2012 at 12:41AM Report as inappropriate
Great tips. I already dont drink soda or eat red meats. :D
by yestfl Saturday, February 25, 2012 at 02:33PM Report as inappropriate


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mySeat API - SDKs
mySeat is an online system for restaurant reservations. mySeat features reservation capabilities, managing waitlists, and table management for restaurants. mySeat offers both an installable version and a web-based REST version of their API. The REST API is profiled here. With the mySeat REST API, developers can access and integrate the functionality of mySeat with other applications and to create new applications. Some example API methods include retrieving restaurant information, managing user information, and retrieving availability for specific dates and times.


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Filson Opens Aspen Store
Grand Opening Events to Benefit Aspen Center for Environmental Studies
Dec 03, 2013, 05:09 ET
SEATTLE, Dec. 3, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- The American manufacturer, Filson, is pleased to announce the opening of a new retail store in the famed Rocky Mountain resort of Aspen just in time for the holidays.
(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20131203/DE27116 )
Having opened its first international store in London last spring, the new Aspen store is the company's first retail location in the U.S. outside the Pacific Northwest. Open to the public December 3, the shop will offer a mix of Filson signature luggage, leather accessories, apparel and iconic outerwear such as the 100-year-old Mackinaw Cruiser.
"Filson has been crafting durable goods for those who refuse to stay indoors since the Alaskan Gold Rush," said Filson CEO Alan Kirk. "There are few places in the world with a higher concentration of outdoor enthusiasts than Colorado. We look forward to being closer to our longtime customers in this state as well as the region's many international guests."
Filson's grand opening events will benefit Aspen Center for Environmental Studies (ACES). Filson will donate 15 percent of all sales from a VIP grand opening as well as grand opening events on Thursday, Dec. 12 and Thursday, Dec. 19th to ACES. In addition, ACES will offer guided complimentary snowshoe tours to guests at their grand opening events. Filson will also sponsor ACES popular Naturalist Nights presentations throughout the 2014 winter season.
"ACES is honored to have been chosen as a beneficiary for Filson's Aspen store grand opening," said ACES President Chris Lane. "Like ACES, Filson is committed to being stewards of our environment and connecting people to nature, thus instilling a responsibility in their clients to protect our natural resources for future generations. We welcome an environmentally responsible company such as Filson into our community."
The 900 square-foot store will be located at 402 S. Hunter Street in historic downtown Aspen. For information, call Filson at 970.925.7244 or visit Filson at www.Filson.com.
About Filson:
Established in 1897, Filson is the leading outfitter and manufacturer of unfailing goods for outdoor enthusiasts. Built upon a reputation for reliability, Filson is a favorite among fishermen and hunters, engineers and explorers, mariners and miners, and anyone who refuses to stay indoors. Headquartered in Seattle, Washington and renowned for proprietary fabrics such as heavyweight Tin Cloth and warm Mackinaw Wool, Filson stands for the highest quality and most durable apparel and accessories. Filson was acquired by Bedrock Manufacturing in 2012. For more information, go to www.filson.com.
For more information on ACES see http://www.aspennature.org/
SOURCE Filson


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BF flotation cell has two types: type I and type II. Type I is improved as suction cell referring to model SF; type II is improved as direct flow cell referring to model JJF.
Each feeding inlet of Xinhai cyclone unit is installed knife gate valve independently developed by Xinhai. This valve with small dimension reduces the diameter of cyclone unit.
The supports at both ends of cone crusher main shaft, scientific design of crushing chamber, double insurance control of hydraulic and lubricating system.
Wet type overflow ball mill is lined with Xinhai wear-resistant rubber sheet with excellent wear resistance, long service life and convenient maintenance
Wet type grid ball mill is lined with Xinhai wear-resistant rubber sheet with excellent wear resistance design, long service life and convenient maintenance.
Ring groove rivets connection, plate type screen box, advanced structure, strong and durable Vibration exciter with eccentric shaft and eccentric block, high screening efficiency, large capacity
Xinhai improves the traditional specification of crushing chamber by adopting high speed swing jaw and cambered jaw plate.
High-speed hammer impacts materials to crush materials. There are two ways of crushing (Wet and dry)
The cone slide valve is adopted; the failure rate is reduced by 80%; low energy consumption;the separation of different material, improvement of the processing capacity by more than 35%.
Cylindrical energy saving grid ball mill is lined grooved ring plate which increases the contact surface of ball and ore and strengthens the grinding.
20-30%. Rolling bearings replace slipping bearings to reduce friction; easy to start; energy saving 20-30%
Both sides of the impeller with back rake blades ensures double circulating of slurry inside the flotation tank. Forward type tank, small dead end, fast foam movement
Double jigger; A handy tool to have when mixing drinks; Accuracy counts; Great for any bar; Made out of 18-8 grade stainless steel and Size: 1½-Ounce & ¾
Amazon.com: RSVP Endurance 188 Stainless Steel Double Jigger JIGR: Double Jigger Set by Barvivo - Measure Liquor with Confidence Like a .. as Ive seen with some cheaper strainers that I have previously tried before this one.
Results 1 - 24 of 214 Double Jigger Set by Barvivo - Measure Liquor with Confidence Like a Professional Bartender - These Stainless Steel Cocktail Jiggers
Hydraulic Motor Driving Center Thickener . 2017 4 26ensp;ensp;Gold Panning Machine hsm saw tooth wave jigger mini gold separating machines Gold
1993-2018 Xinhai Machine . All rights reserved | Design by Xinhai


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Fetish Factory is North America's premiere boutique for unique and sexy fetish fashions for men and women! We have a large selection of hot, shiny vinyl clothing from the best designers in the business.
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Kransekage / Kransekake literally means 'ring cake'. It's a traditional Norwegian and Danish celebration cake (Weddings, Christenings, New Year's Eve and National Days… ) made from baked marzipan, shaped into rings and then stacked as high as
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Stellarium 0.14.3
Base class for all the GUI windows in Stellarium. More...
#include <StelDialog.hpp>
Public Slots
|virtual void
|retranslate ()=0
|Retranslate the content of the dialog. More...
|setVisible (bool)
|On the first call with "true" populates the window contents. More...
|close ()
|Closes the window (the window widget is not deleted, just not visible). More...
|visibleChanged (bool)
Public Member Functions
|StelDialog (QObject *parent=NULL)
|visible () const
Protected Member Functions
|virtual void
|createDialogContent ()=0
|Initialize the dialog widgets and connect the signals/slots. More...
Protected Attributes
|QWidget *
|The main dialog. More...
|class CustomProxy *
Base class for all the GUI windows in Stellarium.
Windows in Stellarium are actually basic QWidgets that have to be wrapped in a QGraphicsProxyWidget (CustomProxy) to be displayed by StelMainView (which is derived from QGraphicsView). See the Qt documentation for details.
The base widget needs to be populated with controls in the implementation of the createDialogContent() function. This can be done either manually, or by using a .ui file. See the Qt documentation on using Qt Designer .ui files for details.
The createDialogContent() function itself is called automatically the first time setVisible() is called with "true".
Moving a window is done by dragging its title bar, defined in the BarFrame class. Every derived window class needs a BarFrame object - it has to be either included in a .ui file, or manually instantiated in createDialogContent().
Definition at line 44 of file StelDialog.hpp.
Closes the window (the window widget is not deleted, just not visible).
|protectedpure virtual
Initialize the dialog widgets and connect the signals/slots.
Implemented in ShortcutsDialog, AstroCalcDialog, ScriptConsole, AddRemoveLandscapesDialog, ConfigurationDialog, DateTimeDialog, HelpDialog, ViewDialog, CustomDeltaTEquationDialog, AtmosphereDialog, and LocationDialog.
|pure virtualslot
Retranslate the content of the dialog.
Needs to be connected to StelApp::languageChanged(). At the very least, if the window is based on a Qt Designer file (.ui), the implementation needs to call the generated class' retranslateUi() method, like this:
On the first call with "true" populates the window contents.
The main dialog.
Definition at line 80 of file StelDialog.hpp.


text:
Thursday, March 8, 2012
Science and the Human Sciences: Prehispanic Maya Settlement and History
10 comments:
- Johan Normark said...
Indeed. In my view this study actually undermines the various "drought-models" for the collapse.
- March 8, 2012 at 2:08 PM
If Middleton's paper is already online, may we have link, please?
- March 9, 2012 at 1:32 AM
- Michael E. Smith said...
Sorry, here is the link. I sometimes hesitate on links like this, since my own access goes through the university library, and the links I use have the library as part of the URL (and thus will not work for others). But here is the direct link to the online first papers, including Middleton:
- March 9, 2012 at 8:41 AM
- David said...
Great points, Gary. The authors note that during the Classic period the region experienced similar scale drought cycles but didn't undergo radical societal transformation. The question then becomes, what was different this time (during the Terminal Classic)? It's troubling the study wasn't framed this way.
- March 11, 2012 at 5:58 AM
That is a great additional point. Many thanks.
The climatic data bear certain similarities to the correlations in the ancestral Puebloan region, where an episode of dispersal, depopulation, and site abandonment also was timed with climatic shifts. These climatic shifts often are pegged as causal, yet similar climatic perturbations occurred earlier with different, lesser consequences. The documentation of correlations is never sufficient and at most only an initial step toward understanding societal changes. For us, the more critical analytical step is to understand how different kinds of human social/cooperative arrangements respond in distinct ways to different kinds of challenges and why/how those responses vary in their effectiveness.
- March 11, 2012 at 9:35 AM
Wait a minute. Should not Feinman's review go through a peer review? This seems like a clear problematic area in blogging in academia. I happen to agree, but this is a problematic post in essence, especially when it involves very well established and senior scholars criticizing scholars of less status and position. Should anyone stop and consider this issue?
- March 12, 2012 at 12:37 PM
- Unknown said...
Hold on one moment. Scholarship, scholarly debates and dialogue now take place in many diverse venues. Some are peer-reviewed and others not. The piece that I wrote about is now published in Science, no less. Anyone is free to comment on writing that is openly published.
Mike Smith is an established scholar and he makes many useful comments and critiques on his blog. There is no peer-review. Is that a problem? Should such scholarly opinions be limited to just people who have their own blogs?
In Anthropology and many other social science disciplines, established scholars are free to offer blog posts without peer review. How about Paul Krugman, a Noble Prize awardee, you cannot get more established than that?
Regarding my comment, I asked Mike if he would post my essay since it touched on several issues that he had raised before in his blog. Mike read it and served to review it.
I see no problem in established scholars or novices or anyone in-between making scholarly blog comments as long as they (a) avoid personal attacks and stick to the issues, and (b) sign their name to their comments. Following such practices opens the door to free, open, and productive dialogues in archaeology, anthropology, and other fields. The openness of blogs actually makes debate less hierarchical and potentially more open as anyone can participate.
In actuality, I find your comment to be somewhat problematic since you are casting dispersion while hiding behind the cloak of anonymity.
- March 12, 2012 at 3:00 PM
- Michael E. Smith said...
On the issue of anonymity, I have 2 comments. First, a clarification: anyone who declines to give a name under their comments comes out as named "Anonymous." Personally, I use the site Gravatar, which has my profile and photo, linked to my email. Any time I post a comment on a blog, it finds my photo and name and sticks them in (except for Blogger, which has my identity because I have blogs here).
Second, the frequent use of "anonymous" for comments often bothers me. If you compare archaeology blogs to those in other fields (e.g., cultural anthro), commenters use "anonymous" far more in archaeology. I think this is related to a general lower level of use and sophistication of social media and internet resources by archaeologists compared to others. Why don't we have, say, a good Mesoamerican blog for discussions about Maya droughts? Why is the only listserv for Mesoamerica (Aztlan) one that consists primarily of amateurs and not professionals?
Colleagues in other disciplines (e.g., sociology) have professional listservs where they discuss -- in a scholarly fashion -- current issues in the news. I was lured into Twitter by a blog post by a psychologist who claimed she got tips to useful professional papers via twitter. Well, that certainly is not the case for archaeology. I found it worthless to send tweets, and although I find some interesting things, they are mostly fluff and not substantial professional information.
Sorry to go on like this. I wish people would use their names. Take a look at the comments on Savage Minds sometime - real intellectual discussions, by specific identifiable individuals.
- March 12, 2012 at 8:18 PM
- Patrice Bonnafoux said...
Interesting comments. Regarding the social impact of climate change, I would recommend the work of Arlene Rosen (http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/people/staff/rosen).
2012 "Climate change, adaptive cycles, and the persistence of foraging economies during the late Pleistocene/Holocene transition in the Levant" [http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2012/02/23/1113931109.abstract]
2007 Civilizing Climate: Social Responses to Climate Change in the Ancient Near East. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press.
- March 13, 2012 at 11:32 AM
- Jerry Ek said...
I also find resilience theory as a very useful conceptual framework to understand human/environmental dynamics. It definitely provides a set of concepts to go beyond the pretty blatant environmental determinism that is passed off as environmental archaeology these days.
I'm really surprised that more specialists in the earth and natural sciences that are doing archaeological or at least archaeologically relevant research don't use that approach more often.
I hadn't seen Rosen's work before, though. Thanks for posting that.
- June 18, 2012 at 10:32 PM


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text:
As record heat baked Baltimore, a wave of violence unfurled across the city: six shootings and eight people wounded over a period of less than eight hours.
The first shots were fired around dinnertime Wednesday, and the violence continued until after 2 a.m. Thursday. Police have no suspects in any of the crimes — which included two double shootings — and believe the seven wounded men and one injured woman will survive.
Several academic studies of crime suggest that it's no coincidence that the outburst of violence came as the temperature at the Inner Harbor hit 96 degrees. Researchers have debated the subject for years, but those who see a link say warmer weather drives people from their homes and into potential conflicts.
"One of the things in Baltimore is there's not a lot of air conditioning, so people move outside," said Phil Leaf, associate director of the Johns Hopkins Urban Health Institute. "The more you have different people interacting, the more chance you have for beefs."
Baltimore police say they don't need statistics to tell them what they already know from patrolling the same city streets as winter turns to spring and summer.
"We can all look at seasons of the moon and we can look at the weather," police spokesman Anthony Guglielmi said. "But if you ask a cop what their gut feelings are, yeah, things get crazy when it gets hot outside.
"What we do know is when the weather's warm, people go outside."
The National Weather Service reported a high temperature of 91 degrees at BWI-Marshall Airport on Wednesday, which broke a 91-year record. And a reading at the Inner Harbor hit 96 degrees, which tied Port Isabel, Texas, for the highest temperature in the United States on Wednesday.
It was one of the most violent nights recorded in the city so far this year.
Police are not overreacting to Wednesday night's shootings, Guglielmi said, but are working to "drill down" into each incident, looking for connections to gangs and drugs and developing sources that help police get in front of any retribution.
But the warm weather does mean police are shifting strategies. That includes shuffling schedules for patrol and plainclothes officers and even permitting officers to wear short-sleeve uniform shirts — an annual changeover that started Monday.
On the streets where the wounded were hauled away in ambulances overnight, people speculated Thursday on the causes of the violence.
"I don't know," said Meechie Thornton, 53, just half a block up from the intersection of West Fayette and North Stricker streets where a man was shot in the left side while sitting in a car. "They just go buck wild."
Thornton sat on the step of a brick rowhouse on Fayette Street talking to Kenyatta Player, 34, who wore a summer dress and sunglasses in the warm breeze.
"When it gets hot, people are crazy," Player said. As she spoke, a car screeched up the street.
"See? That made no sense whatsoever."
Researchers have tried to make some sense of the connection between heat and violence.
Psychologists at Florida International University looked at crime reports in Minneapolis for a 2000 study and found crime was more prevalent during the summer than in other seasons.
Similarly, a 2010 study conducted through Kent State University found that violent crime in Cleveland increased as temperatures rose.
Craig Anderson, who directs the Iowa State University's Center for the Study of Violence, has also studied the relationship between temperature and crime. He said heat tends to make people cranky, which can amplify minor provocations.
People also become more likely to retaliate. That can turn into a cycle, he said, and it doesn't take much to see a big effect on crime statistics.
He helped conduct a 2010 study that showed that as temperatures rise, so do people's tempers. The research examined the impact climate change could have on violent crime.
Using data from 1950 to 2008, the professors predicted that if the country's annual average temperature were to increase by 8 degrees, the number of murders and assaults would jump by 34 per 100,000 people.
Others have said the relationship between crime and temperature is complex.
James Alan Fox, a professor of criminology at Northeastern University, studied daily crime counts and temperatures in Columbus, Ohio, for a year. He discovered crime did increase with the temperature but only to a point. Once it got too hot, crime reports dropped again.
He wrote in 2010 that crime was highest when temperatures were hovering in the mid-80s, but petered out as temperatures climbed into the 90s.
He also found temperature had the greatest impact on crimes outside of the home.
Most of the overnight incidents in Baltimore took place outside, Guglielmi said.
But some research has raised questions about the link between heat and murder in the city.
A 1995 article published in the Journal of Quantitative Criminology looked at crime in Baltimore over a period of eight years to see whether temperature had a direct influence on the number of killings. The study found that "homicide in Baltimore is a surprisingly consistent — or constant — process, showing little or no variation on many temporal factors important at the national level."
On Thursday, in a home in the 800 block of Arnold Court in the Gay Street neighborhood, two women sat on a back porch speculating what may have prompted a shooting in their complex. They blamed the drug dealers who seem to proliferate in their alleys when it's warm.
"It's not even summertime and they're already outside, selling their damn weed and all that mess," said a woman who declined to give her name because the shooter has not been caught. "They stand out in front of your doors. You ask them to leave, they give you mouth."
The woman said she saw paramedics rolling the wounded man in Wednesday's shooting into an ambulance. All the while, she said, the man kept saying, "Please, just give me some cold water."
The woman looked at her friend and said, "Bullets are hot, I believe."
Baltimore Sun reporters Scott Dance, Kevin Rector and Carrie Wells contributed to this article.
Police urge anyone with information about the crimes to call 911 or 1-866-LOCKUP.
A violent night in Baltimore
Eight people were shot in six nonfatal incidents in Baltimore on Wednesday night and early Thursday morning, and all were expected to survive.
•The first reported shooting occurred about 6:30 p.m. in the 800 block of Arnold Court, close to the Kennedy Krieger Institute in East Baltimore. In that case, the man was shot multiple times.
•The second incident was in the 2500 block of Loyola Northway in the Greenspring neighborhood at 8:51 p.m., where police said two people were shot: a 20-year-old man in the left foot and a 19-year-old in the chest. Police transported the man shot in the foot to an area hospital, while the other man ran from the scene and walked into a hospital.
•In the third shooting, just after 11 p.m., a 19-year-old man was shot in the right shoulder in the 2600 block of Norland Road and ran to the 2100 block of Patapsco Ave. in the city's Lakeland neighborhood.
•A fourth shooting occurred about the same time when a 20-year-old was standing in the 1100 block of E. Madison St. He was shot multiple times.
•Police reported a fifth shooting about 11:57 p.m., a 24-year-old woman was shot in the 3200 block of Vickers Road in the city's Hanlon-Longwood neighborhood. A 28-year-old man was also shot in the incident, and police said he ran from the scene and walked into a hospital.
•In the sixth shooting, a 29-year-old man was shot in a vehicle at about 2:12 a.m. at the intersection of North Stricker and West Fayette streets, in the city's Franklin Square neighborhood. He was wounded in the left side of his body, police said.


text:
Staff writer
In addition to a new gift shop and multipurpose building suitable for all types of parties and get-togethers, this year Walters Pumpkin Patch has added a stationary wooden train with six cars and a new pedal car track.
"Carroll built the track to go through a tunnel house," Becky Walters said. "It's a small house on the track you can drive through."
Becky said they also added a new grain bin for kids to play in.
"We added more animals to look at," she said. "We have more rabbits, ducks, chickens, we got goats last year, we have a donkey too, and cattle."
Becky said that they have about 20 acres of land devoted solely to pumpkins.
They generally entertain more families in the fall due to pumpkin influenced holidays such as Halloween and Thanksgiving.
"This year's rainy weather has not been so good for raising pumpkins," Becky said. "More moisture means more fungus more weeds, and more weeds mean more bugs because we can't get into the field to spray like we do in the dryer years."
Popular pumpkin related attractions aside from picking out a pumpkin at their patch include 'punkin chunkin' and a pumpkin cannon.
"Punkin' chunkin' is basically a giant slingshot fastened to hedge posts people use shoot small pumpkins at KU and K-State targets," Becky said. "The cannon could shoot an 8-pound pumpkin about a half mile."
Becky said they try to provide a variety of fall related entertainment and are always on the lookout for new ideas because they try to provide something new every year.
The Walterses are members North American Farmers' Direct Marketing Associations and get many of their ideas from attending annual NAFDMA events.
Becky said as members they generally go to different farms to see what other people do.
For more information, call (316) 320-4150.


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I think so, I kept sending emails to the wrong address.
I like my Photons more as well, I was just saying how good the Helios is. At the time there were so many shit LEDs around so I'm glad I made the right choice.
Cant wait to get the skylines though, do you think they'll be OK with my crazy ambient temps, I suppose no fan means less heat generated by the unit? I heard putting a fan above the units to blow the hot air away is a tip for success.... what do you reckon Bro?


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