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Skywriters see it this way (Oct, 1947)
Skywriters see it this way
They spell from right to left and make words that are 15 miles long.
SO YOU have a new pen that writes under water, a pen that writes for three years without a refill, and never leaks. Kid stuff!
I know a bunch of guys that write with a gadget that can make letters a mile high, write a word 15 miles long that's visible for 40 miles, and can write 15 miles of letters in 20 minutes.
Yes, I'm talking about "sky scribblers," the smoke writers. It all started back in 1922 on England's Derby Day at Epsom Downs. Everything was going along as dignified as usual with King George and Queen Mary there to add a bit more tone to the affair. Suddenly some chap glanced upward at the sky, clutched his ascot and yelped, "Blyme, look there now, it's bloomin' writin' in the sky!"—and thereby began a unique industry, Skywriting.
Major Jack Savage, a prewar British Pilot, invented the process and promptly gained control of World Patents on the system and smoke formula. It was he who gave the world the first pain in the neck due to reading letters in the sky, when he scribbled daily mail back there in 1922 over the Derby crowd. Since then his "smoke" has written in the skies of almost every country. Here in the United States, where a licensee of his patents does the writing, such words as lucky strike, i. j. f o x, and pepsi cola are familiar to anyone able to bend his neck back and look to the skies.
Allan J. Cameron, of Chicago, purchased the American rights to Major Savage's system and licensed the S. S. Pike Co., of New York City, to do the actual flying. This year they expect to plaster 6,000 aerial smoke signs over about 800 cities from coast to coast. Mr. Pike expects to eventually cover Canada, South America, Mexico and Cuba with his very versatile bunch of "penmen" but he'll have to dig up a Spanish speaking hombre for the last three.
Operating all over the country wherever the weather permits, his gang of 12 pilots, six reserve men and 26 planes are busy every possible hour in the air. Unfortunately but a small percentage of the 365 days of a year are suitable for skywriting. It takes more than just a cloudless sky to set the stage for their work. The air at the levels at which they work (10,000 to 15,000 feet) must be smooth, free from unexpected turbulence and as nearly stationary as possible. In the best of locations it is rare that more than two of the seven days of a week are good "writing" days and often it is two or three weeks before the right weather gives his men the green light.
His pilots check the air several times before going up to start their work to save time, material, and "bad will" for their advertiser by writing words that can not be read from below.
Of course sometimes letters that can not be read really pay off. For example take the time they were working for a big candy store chain, and one of their pilots calmly wrote ydnac tfol in mile-high letters. He had just forgotten to reverse the letters so folks below could read it correctly. The President of Loft Candy (what the pilot had written so no one but the president could read) nearly blew a fuse when he saw it, but the pilot soon saw his mistake and redid it correctly. The first version of it paid off for folks talked about it for days afterward.
Such a mistake is easily possible for every inscription must be reversed and written as seen from the back. The words are first plotted for the pilots so there will be no lost time in getting from one letter to the next. Usually on a long word, or when there is more than one, two planes work together as a team, one taking the cross bars and straight lines while the other chap fills in the curved sections and round letters.
Written at 15,000 feet the planes are invisible except for an occasional flash from a banked wing and the letters seem to appear by magic from the blue sky itself. The formula of course is secret, but it is a compound of paraffin oil and other chemicals. Pike has spent many thousands of dollars and over 15 years trying to get some color into his "long lasting smoke" but has just about decided to stick to white. He has, however, tried luminous "ink" for bright moonlight nights but this added expense hardly pays off for most folks are indoors after dark.
As I said, the smoke formula is a secret; but once, several years ago, when the Lucky Strike company was spending $2,000,000 for a three-year skywriting campaign they did have a competitor for a little while. An army pilot got hold of a few quarts of the stuff and really ran them ragged. Every time Pike's boy wrote lucky strike in the sky. this army lad, who obviously preferred another brand, darted out of nowhere and scrawled a kindergarten camel alongside.
Of course the pilots who write this sort of aerial sign stuff have a hankering to write other stuff too. They usually curb their own ideas—but not always. A few years ago weird signs appeared over Long Island. The natives watched in wonder and amazement as the thing grew. Suddenly it began to take shape. A couple of the boys were playing aerial "tic tac toe" with a ten-mile square and circles a mile across. One other pilot just couldn't resist doing a bit of arithmetic and did so to everybody's amusement but his own—when he discovered he had written 1+4=6.
The planes used for skywriting are mostly of three types, selected for their maneuverability. Early skywriters used such ships as the little British SE-5 fighter, but now AT-6's, BT-13's and some special "Speedwing" Travelaires are used. All of the ships of course have been converted to hold huge tanks of the chemical-mixture "ink" and carry the special "pens" used for the actual writing.
All of the pilots have had military training and are experts at flying exact maneuvers at exact altitudes and in following the complicated charts prepared for them before taking off. In some cases of course, when new words have to be worked out, they have to do some practicing. When this is necessary they fly 15 or 20 miles out to sea where a "hammy"
practice word will be seen by only a few ship passengers at the most.
The letter S seems to be the easiest for most of the Pike gang, while G with its cross bar seems to be the toughest. One assignment was a cinch. You could write the word upside down or right side up, backwards or forwards and it was still okay. It was an assignment in England to write 0X0, the name of a popular beverage.
A simple trademark over here however proved to be a lot tougher than it looked. It was the familiar Ballantines three-ring symbol. Each of the interlocking circles had to be at a different altitude or the plane flying through the preceding circle would have blasted it all apart, spoiling the effect. It took mighty careful pilotage and perfectly smooth air for the "penman" to write each ring at a slightly higher altitude—and of course in a slightly larger size so that the finished symbol would appear to be at the same level and the rings all the same size.
The sign that started the ball rolling in this country was win tigers — Chevrolet, etched over the Detroit Stadium back during the 1934 World Series. The effect upon the crowd was so satisfactory to the car manufacturer he promptly spent $150,000 for 350 writings of the car name all over the country.
Others taking up the idea have been I. J. Fox and Pepsi Cola to name two of the more popular ones. It is interesting, and no doubt gratifying to the manufacturer, to hear that most of the pilots of the "Pike School of Penmanship" drink "Pepsi." I Understand that one of the pilots was caught drinking "that other drink" and had to go out over the Mojave Desert and write "I must not drink it again" 500 times. Of course that may be just a story.
In perfect air the signs may be visible for nearly 40 miles and read by millions in some instances before the wind finally erases them many minutes later. Once in a while the customer gets a nice bonus. This happened a couple of years ago when an unusually stable air mass carted an entire sign perfectly intact for twenty-five miles and more from over Manhattan to Mineola, L. I., New York, before it finally came apart, having been seen by thousands of additional "readers" below.
Some times it is embarrassing to have so many folks see a little gem you have written. Take that pilot back in 1937 when the air show was being plugged over New York. This pilot just dropped out an "H" to the amazement as well as amusement of millions. He glibly wrote air sow instead. A sympathetic-wind promptly erased it and he did it perfectly the next time. The "penmen" usually drop down a few thousand feet after doing their chore to check on spelling, uncrossed T's and such, before doing the next one or getting back to the field. Occasionally they have to go back five or ten miles to dot an I or cross a T but if they don't they know darn well some school marm will call the customer to complain.
In spite of all the seeming close calls when two ships are working on the same word there has never been an accident of any kind in the 16 years the gang has been working. The pilots must have special talents and "darn good health" to hold their jobs.
When Major Savage first came to this country to demonstrate his idea, he—being a loyal British subject—wished to welcome the Prince of Wales when he made his visit here in 1924. Knowing the limitations of his technique he planned to merely write hello wales, but decided to check with the British Consul. After considerable meditation and consultation with others in the office the Consul came back with the request he change that to WELCOME TO YOUR ROYAL HIGHNESS, THE PRINCE OF WALES.
It did not get written for the reason the Prince would have probably left the country by the time it could have been completed.
When the organization was young it was a magnet for all types of wealthy pranksters willing to pay for their fun. One father hired a pilot to fly over the Yale-Princeton football game and write for all to see: send your son to harvard! Another customer, about to be married, had his and his fiancee's initials entwined in a smoke heart floating over the church during the ceremony. But the most puzzling cash customer was the quaint chap who paid good money to have eala bambus written high over the S. S. Bremen. That is a mystery no one has solved.
Although seen but occasionally over some parts of the country, skywriting is now so common in the sky over New York that no longer do fenders clank and bumpers bang in unison with the turns and banks of the writers above, although millions still gape from the sidewalks. In fact one story has it that a visitor to the Hayden Planetarium came away very much let down. Upon being asked why he replied: "There wasn't any I.J. fox across the dome!"


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The buyer will submit a $500 non-refundable deposit at time of Purchase. Deposit may be made via Cash, Check, PayPal, Visa, MasterCard, Or Discover Card. Payment is due in full within 10 Business days via: Cash, certified check, bank transfer, or 3rd-party financing. All funds must be in US dollars only. Please be sure to have payment in full or approved financing in place before purchasing a vehicle.
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CAIRO, July 29 (UPI) -- The British government said it was advising against travel to Egypt because of continued unrest and the evolving political situation.
Egypt's official news agency reported three people died in Sinai Peninsula during Sunday clashes between demonstrators Sunday. The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office said it was advising against all travel to Egypt because of the "increase in criminal activity and recent terrorist attacks."
Egypt descended into violence following the July 3 ouster of Mohamed Morsi. Catherine Ashton, the top foreign policy official in the European Union, arrived Monday in Cairo to discuss the crisis with acting President Adly Mansour and acting Vice President Mohamed ElBaradei.
Monday's visit is the second for Ashton this month. She said she would press for an inclusive political solution to the crisis.
"This process must lead, as soon as possible, to constitutional order, free and fair elections and a civilian-led government," she said in a statement.
The military removed Morsi from office. The Muslim Brotherhood, his political supporters, have so far refused to take part in political settlements.
U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay said her office had evidence suggesting more than 150 people died as a result of political violence in Egypt in July. She said she was concerned about the direction of the country.
"I fear for the future of Egypt if the military and other security forces, as well as some demonstrators, continue to take such a confrontational and aggressive approach," she said Sunday.


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Friday, 31 October 2008
Gainsborough Footbridge Lift
7 comments:
Something funny I noticed in my own pictures, on the day of the planned removal it was wind, rain and grey skies and the next day when they were lifting her a way, clear blue!
I'll email some of the shots that I got and a little video, although its not as impressive as I think most of us thought it would be. It was actually an extremely slow process but interesting all the same.
As a former student of Gainsborough it was sad to see the old thing go although I cannot deny it was ugly! After they had lifted it halfway across it seemed as if the entire area immediately brightened up. Its just sad that it wont last long seeing as we'll soon be the proud neighbours of a four lane road!
Atleast we had that yummy pasta and olive bread from Zoulla.
Thanks for the coffee!!
- 1 November 2008 at 16:05:00 GMT
- Leabank Square said...
Hi Lucy
What about your scrummy cakes?!?!
They were steaming in the bitter cold - you must have JUST pulled them out of the oven! Thanks sooooo much!!!
Yesteday was definetly the best day for pics. The day before was horrid - but today is EVEN WORSE!!
I pity the poor guys clearing up after the lifting - they're out there in the wind, sleet & rain as I write!
Lucy - please send some more pics & vids - it'll be great to have all the different views.
Also - is there any way you could write a longer piece on the experiences of using the bridge while at the school. It would be really interresting for all our readers to get a flavour of what it was like for the pupils at Gainsborough - it's actually history now - so lets not lose the opportunity to record some of it - please.
Thanks for the yummy cakes - but also for your whole family keeping everyone's spirits up - especially on the 1st day's weather.
We were all saying afterwards that it's so beautiful to see such a close & loving family - Colette has done a fantastic job!!
- 1 November 2008 at 16:27:00 GMT
Hi Leabank Square
Thanks a lot for all the delicious teas & cakes on the riverbank. We all enjoyed them enormously!
Thank you too for hosting us for the 2 days. I know the meetings are important, but it was great being able to meet you all in a more relaxed atmosphere for once.
Once we get more organised we should see about knocking through the wall and sharing the BBQ area.
Thanks again!
Wick Village RA
- 3 November 2008 at 17:36:00 GMT
Fantastic Idea for BBQ, love it and we can get to know or extended neighbours, make it a real community!!
- 4 November 2008 at 10:03:00 GMT
Hi Sóna
BBQ - I wouldn't mind even having one in Winter you know?!
How good is the one up on the riverbank? Can we all use it? How many sausages can you fit on the grid?
- 5 November 2008 at 19:45:00 GMT
Have you noticed the HUGE cracks that they left behind on the wall between our block & the school?!
It happened when they came to demolish the plinth that the bridge stood on.
Besides the incredible noise & concrete dust they produced, they also left behing an incredibly unstable wall!!
Something for the lawyers again methinks?
Mr Black
- 7 November 2008 at 13:32:00 GMT
I am all for a few more barbies before the real cold sets in. Please let us know if & when you fire it up.
I'll bring the sausages!!
- 11 November 2008 at 21:30:00 GMT


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fluidhosting review -- very impressive
Today we're taking our website down -- it was an experimental project, it was never intended to last as long as it did, but we learned a lot from having it online. Of course this has nothing to do with Fluid Hosting, it's just an executive decision on our part to take this particular website down.
In a way, it's kind of hard to believe we've been hosting this site with Fluid Hosting for almost nine years or therabouts. It's been a really, really good experience. No complaints, no downtime problems that I can remember other than the occasional maintenance -- now that's an accomplishment!
I have to say -- I mean, that's just really impressive. It's not quite a decade, but it's a long, long time. They've kept this thing up and running smoothly, and have never given us any reason for doubt. This is serious stuff.
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Thank you for your honest review and thanks for being a great customer since 2002. Take care.
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Well, I have only been a [great] client for 2 years and have to concur. After struggling for years with another host, being beyond patient when it was costing me a lot in lost sales due to down time or constant mail issues I read a lot of reviews and decided to try Fluid. I never ran a VPS before and was unsure I could handle the technical issues of self-management.
My apprehension was for naught. The only technical issues in two years have been a couple times we needed to add modules or upgraded the MySQL version. I did not have to do anything, the folks at Fluid took care of everything immediately. There have been no down time that was not announced well in advance for either scheduled maintenance or upgrading equipment, and none of those were done at a time that had any impact on our eCommerce web site.
I used to have to monitor our sites hourly just to catch the Application Pool crashes or the email outages on my old host. That meant I was thinking about the servers and access every hour for 8 years. After switching to Fluid, I forget we even have a server but for every few months when it pops into my mind that I am NOT thinking about servers anymore. That is when I check the control panel..."yep, same as it ever was.." then I check the forum(which we used to stay logged onto because other people's problem popping up there would be a predictor that it would happen to ours as well) and ...."nope, still no new posts since 4 months ago....". I was initially reluctant to signup due to the lack of activity on the forum seemed odd and might be an indicator of lack of customers. I posted that concern about lack of activity and someone answered that it was silent because all the clients forget they have a server, it just works. It is true. After being in a technical field for decades(a top world class recording studio) with reliability being the key to keeping clients....in addition to keeping hit records being popped out, I can tell everyone that a complex system that is highly reliable is no accident, it is not even mainly top gear. It is the planning, knowledge and effort by the staff to make it that way and keep it that way.
I'll check back in another 6 months;>)
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Hello Stan,
Thank you for the great review. It encourages us to strive harder in doing our work. Let us know if you have any questions and concerns regarding our service. We'll be glad to help!
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Beloit College, a liberal arts and sciences college founded on the Wisconsin frontier in 1846, was born out of a belief that a particular brand of education could energize and transform lives—and by extension, change the world. Beloit continues to believe this and delivers it through a curriculum that engages students in an exploration of ideas, compels them to deeply know their subjects, and asks them to demonstrate that they do.
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Crews install hybrid beacon at busy crosswalk
Thursday, June 13, 2013 2:00 AM
Pittsburg, KS
South Broadway in Pittsburg is about to get a little bit safer, thanks to new technology and cooperation between the university and the city.
Crews are working this week to install a new pedestrian hybrid beacon signal at Potlitzer and Broadway at a crosswalk popular with many Pittsburg State University students. Bill Beasley, director of public works for the City of Pittsburg, said the new signal is unlike anything in the city or the surrounding area.
Beasley said the Kansas Department of Transportation suggested the hybrid beacon during discussions about ways to make South Broadway around the campus safer.
The hybrid beacon, also known as a high intensity activated crosswalk, has been shown to reduce automobile-pedestrian accidents significantly, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. The agency recommends them especially for transit and school locations.
Beasley said the signal will be dark, allowing traffic to flow normally, until a pedestrian activates the beacon by pushing a button. Immediately, a yellow light will flash, followed by two steady red lights to stop automobile traffic. When the "WALK" indicator flashes for pedestrians, the red lights will begin alternately flashing until the cycle has concluded. The signal will return to its dark status until again activated by a pedestrian.
"The advantage of a signal of this type," Beasley said, "is that it does not affect traffic until there is a need to do so."
Pittsburg City Manager Daron Hall said this is just another example of the many ways that university and city officials work together on projects that benefit students and the wider community.
"By working with PSU, the City is in the position to correct a dangerous high traffic crossing area, making it safer for everyone, students and commuters alike," Hall said.
Shawn Naccarato, PSU's director of government and community relations, said the Joint Safety and Planning Committee, composed of city and university officials, had studied a variety of options to improve pedestrian safety and traffic flow around the campus.
"It was another example of how the city and the university are able to find creative solutions to shared problems by working closely together," Naccarato said.
The city and the university are splitting the $78,000 cost of the project and the city is providing the engineering services.
Beasley said because the signal looks different from what most drivers and pedestrians are used to, the city has posted an informational video on its closed-circuit television channel.


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The Supreme Court today pulled up Sahara group for issuing public advertisements accusing SEBI of being a "sarkari gunda" (government goon) for taking action against it for not refunding Rs.20,000 crore to investors.
A bench of justices K S Radhakrishnan and J S Khehar took strong exception to Sahara's newspaper advertisments alleging "witch hunt" by SEBI and asked it get apology published in same newspapers.
"We will take all this very seriously. Don't try to take us for a ride. You are not going to gain anything from this... You must understand you are facing contempt. Such acts will precipitate the matters. They (SEBI) are statutory authority, performing duties, implementing our orders. What is this?" the bench said.
The counsel, appearing for the group, immediately tendered an apology.
In the meantime, the Group agreed to hand over documents of its 71 properties which it claimed to be worth Rs 20,000 crore as security with the SEBI for refunding investors money.
The bench, however, refused Sahara's plea to allow its chief Subrata Roy to travel abroad as he was restrained by the apex court for not handing over the documents to SEBI.
"All this situation would not have arisen if you had followed our orders, given them (SEBI) documents, given them source of refunded money. All this hide and seek will lead you nowhere," the court said.
Sahara sought lifting of the November 21 travel restrain order on Roy, saying it has submitted a new set of title deeds of 71 properties with SEBI in order to show its bonafides.
The bench granted time to SEBI to verify the genuineness of the property deeds submitted by the company and posted the case for the next hearing on January 9.
The court also rejected the Sahara's plea to de-freeze the bank accounts of its group companies as ordered by SEBI earlier.
The apex court had earlier barred Sahara group from selling or "parting with" any of its properties and restrained the group's head Subrata Roy Sahara and three group company directors from leaving India after the company failed to comply with the court's order to provide unencumbered title deeds of properties worth Rs 20000 crore.
Sahara said the properties submitted are spread across cities such as Mumbai, Cochin, Noida, Ajmer, Aligarh, Haridwar, Muzaffarnagar, Raipur, Amritsar, Jhansi, Kanpur and Faridabad.


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On this day — we hardly knew ye, Haley Barbour, and as one man exists the GOP presidential race, another enters; Democrats ponder the politics and policy of the Senate budget bill; conservative groups take to the airwaves in Austin slamming Ogden's budget bill and a Texan is appointed by the MLB to run the Dodgers
***Paul Jumps in as Barbour Jumps Out
Haley Barbour announced last night that he was getting out of the GOP's crowded contest for their presidential nomination. The move wasn't all that surprising Barbour hadn't been able to gain much traction and wasn't viewed as a top tier candidate. Meanwhile, Rep. Ron Paul, who's libertarian bid for the GOP nomination in 2008 raised a lot of money without generating much in the way of Republican primary votes, is expected to announce today that he's re-exploring getting into the race.
Meanwhile, the conversation about the Republican nomination continues to be dominated by billionaire real estate mogul Donald Trump, who's made a name for himself in conservative circles by questioning President Obama's birth certificate and citizenship. The claims have been thoroughly debunked by various news organizations, most recently by CNN. All of this says something (and nothing good) about how Republican primary voters feel about their current slate of candidates.
***The Politics of 21
Over the next few days, Senate Democrats are going to have to make the tough choice between blocking the Senate's budget bill and forcing the budget into a special session or allowing it to come to a vote on the floor.
If they vote to bring it up for a vote, they could be seen as supporting a budget that would lay off 35,000 school district employees and cutting Texas' meager safety net — it's vote that could make them vulnerable to primary challenge in 2012.
However, if they block the bill, which would effectively force a special session, they could lose the leverage that the Senate's two-thirds rule provides them in the debate since the two-thirds rule doesn't apply in special sessions. That could allow Republicans to ram HB1, which contains much deeper cuts to the programs that Democrats want to protect, through the Senate.
The Austin American-Statesman's Jason Embry details the conundrum in his Tuesday column.
***Flipside of the Coin
There's nothing to say that Senate Republicans will find a vote for House Bill 1 anymore more palatable than their Democratic counterparts. Conservative Senators, such as Sen. Tommy Williams, R-The Woodlands, has said that he believes that the Rainy Day Fund will have to be tapped again to lessen the House's proposed cuts.
While Texas suburbs have a conservative tinge to them that's somewhat uncommon in the national political average (where they are the place where elections are frequently lost and won), polling suggest there's little appetite in these districts for the magnitude of cuts proposed by the House.
***Budget War Hits Airwaves
A group of conservative, anti-tax, groups — led by the Texas Public Policy Foundation — have taken to the airwaves to campaign against the Senate Finance Committee's budget proposal. The ad asks for the Senate to pass a budget that doesn't use additional money from the Rainy Day Fund and doesn't raise fees or other 'non-tax' revenue.
The interesting twist to all this — former Rep. Talmidge Helfin, the TPPF's point man on budget issues, was chairman of the House budget writing committee in 2003, when the budget shortfall was closed, in part, with massive hikes in fees and tuition deregulation.
***State Employees Could Bolt Over Cuts
While most state employees don't earn as much as their private sector counterparts do, they've opted to work for state government because of the job security and more generous benefit packages. On average they earn about $39,000 per year and more than 80 percent take home less than $50,000. Now that the budget axe may result in thousands of layoffs as well as massive cuts to retirement and benefits packages — state employees say they're ready to bolt the public sector; the Statesman's Kate Alexander reports:
About 57 percent of the respondents eligible for retirement said they would jump ship in the wake of pay cuts, increases in health insurance costs and other benefit changes now under consideration by lawmakers.
Among those respondents not of retirement age, nearly one-third said they would look for work outside of state government. Another 28 percent would wait until the economy improves and then bolt.
"There is no questioning how strongly employees feel about this," said Gary Anderson, executive director of the public employees association. "We have to be realistic. It will have an impact."
***Scheiffer to Run the Dodgers
Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig announced yesterday that former Rangers executive, US Ambassador, and one time Texas Democratic gubernatorial hopeful Tom Schieffer will take over the Los Angeles Dodgers.
– The Houston Chronicle/San Antonio Express-News Austin Bureau Chief Peggy Fikac reports on a push to up the fee for a driver's license in a bid to give the DMV more funding to hire more staff and buy new technology to shorten waiting lines.
– The Houston Chronicle's Patti Hart reports on efforts to save the 'Back to School' sales tax holiday, which retailers say generates more sales tax revenue than a typical weekend.
– The AP's Jim Vertuno reports on an effort in the Texas Senate to roll back the rights of transgendered individuals to obtain marriage licenses, which they can currently receive if marrying someone of the opposite sex.


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DescriptionMission Essential is accepting applications for linguist candidates interested in a Proposal bid for future work who can speak the Arabic-Iraqi Dialect and English and also read and write in Modern Standard Arabic and English. Linguist will provide foreign language support in support of the U.S. Military in various overseas locations supporting CENTCOM AOR.
Minimum Requirements
Specifically, the linguist will:
• Support their assigned unit up to 7 days per week for a minimum of 8 hours per day which can be extended to 12 hours or longer depending on mission requirements.
• Speak in Arabic-Iraqi Dialect and English and also write in clear and concise grammar and pronunciation in Modern Standard Arabic and English.
• Have the ability to conduct consecutive, accurate translation and interpretation of on-going conversations and/or activities.
• Have the familiarity with and ability to conduct oneself in accordance with the local culture and customs.
• Be willing and able to live and work in harsh environments, to include living and working in temporary facilities as mission dictates.
• Have the ability to serve customer operations as necessary.
• Have the ability to function effectively and efficiently during extended periods of high pressure and stress.
• Have the ability to function as an integral member of a team of highly trained professionals responsible for the safety and security of U.S. forces, U.S. and foreign dignitaries, and facilities/resources.
Desired Requirements
• US Citizens ONLY
• Score a minimum ILR level 3 Arabic-Iraqi Dialect in Speaking and Listening
• Score a minimum ILR level 3 Modern Standard Arabic in Writing and Reading
• Score a minimum ILR level 3 in English Speaking, Reading, Writing, and Listening
• Candidates who hold an ACTIVE security clearance are preferred, will review candidates eligible to be processed for a security clearance upgrade
• Hiring CAT II only – location is Oman


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Julianna Schrag, 11, of Goessel will play Mary Lennox in the Bethel College Fall Festival theater production of "The Secret Garden" next weekend.
Schrag joins a cast of college students who will perform the musical by Francis Hodgson Burnett three times, 7:30 p.m. on Oct. 12, 3:30 p.m. on Oct. 13, and 2 p.m. on Oct. 14, at Krehbiel Auditorium in the Fine Arts Center.
The story is set in the early 1900s. After a cholera outbreak in colonial India, newly orphaned 11-year-old Lennox is sent to England and her only living relatives, a reclusive uncle and his invalid son.
Austin Unruh of Goessel, a senior at Bethel, is also part of the cast.
Tickets are available at Thresher Bookstore or at the Fine Arts Center ticket office starting one hour before the performance.


text: Did anyone else have problems today with a bouncing GPS signal? Today was in the 90s, blue sky but hazy with a high ozone level. We have a Garmin Map76CS and it was all over the place today. I'm wondering if it could be atmosphere or if there is a physical problem with the unit. It would go from 2 satellites to 6 then back to 2-3 and recalculate over and over and over. I'm up to date on firmware upgrades and cannot see anything on this recalculate problem on the Garmin site. Lefty - if you are reading his, we have the same unit. You have problems today?


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A 35 kilogram ovarian cyst has been removed from a New Zealand woman who thought the growth was due to overeating.
The cyst was discovered after Sharon Watt complained about stomach pains and last week the massive growth was removed, Fairfax reports.
Ms Watt is recovering in Timaru Hospital but will likely be home for Christmas.
She had no idea about the cyst and had thought she had put on weight due to overeating.
"I can actually fit some of my clothes now, which is nice; I was wearing a 5XL T-shirt and I couldn't understand why," she said.
Gynaecologist Albert Makary told Fairfax the cyst, which weighs almost the same as 10 babies, was the biggest he had seen in his career.
The largest cyst in the world weighed about 50kg, he said.


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– The Meteorlight ball is the size of a tennis ball (diameter measures 2.55″). It can be turned on and off by pressing and holding the switch.
Nite Ize Flashlight Dog Discuit Flying Disc
– This glow-in-the-dark flying disc Frisbee is designed for year-round fun & exercise! Available in Red and Green.


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Do Morcellators Cause Endometrial Cancer?
There are studies that have gone on to prove that morcellators are directly linked with having increasing the risk of endometrial cancer in women. Morcellators, in the beginning, were highly sought after for laparoscopic procedures which are surgical procedures that require minimum incisions, which means a faster recovery time from surgery as well as reduced scarring.
Statistics have gone on to state that there have been 50,000 morcellator-involved surgeries per year since its induction into the medical field. It was only until recent that evidence has showed that 1 out of 370 women who have undergone treatment with a morcellator have developed endometrial cancer. This is a cancer that starts in the inner lining of the womb (endometrium) and can be aggressively malignant once the tumors start to develop glands.
As a result of the studies, Johnson & Johnson were forced to recall three kinds of morcellators in 2014. Included in those recalled by the manufacturers are Morcellex Sigma, Gynecare X-Tract, and Gynecare Morcellex. These morcellators were designed to suck out noncancerous growths during laparoscopic surgery procedures and, in theory, they worked. The device would latch on to the growth in question and suck it out through the tube. Even if the pieces of it were to scatter, there was an apparatus involving a small protruding claw that could get even the smallest of scattered pieces. An experienced morcellator lawyer will be aware that this kind of procedure is more often seen when a woman gets a hysterectomy, which is the removal of the womb from her body. However, complications have arisen in recent studies that link use of morcellators with then causing endometrial cancer.
In addition to the recalls, the FDA has discouraged the use of morcellators. If you or someone you know has developed endometrial cancer after having a laparoscopic surgical procedure done with a morcellator, it is recommended that who has the knowhow and experience necessary in dealing with such a case is contacted in order to get the best possible help and representation for your case.


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Apple unveils new iMac
"Now we have the world's thinnest desktop computer," Phil Schiller, head of worldwide product marketing, said in a keynote presentation at the annual Apple Expo in Paris.
Shipping from mid-September, Apple said the computer would be available in versions with a 17-inch and a 20-inch display, with a wireless keyboard and mouse.
Apple said in July the launch of the new iMac would be delayed until September. It put a dent in the share price of the company which has been at the forefront of computer innovation for decades, but whose global market share has been eroded to less than 5% amid competition from lower-priced PCs running on the Windows operating system from Microsoft
Retail prices of the new iMac will start at $1 299 for the 17-inch model, or 1 399 euros in Europe. The slightly thicker 20-inch model will cost $1 899, or 2 049 euros.
"This is a much more affordable line [of personal computers]," Schiller told a cheering audience of Macintosh users. He declined to give sales targets.
The model will take over from the current iMac, which created a buzz when launched a few years ago with its minimalist design featuring a thin display perched on a stainless steel pole above a white hemispherical base.
From itWeb


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Added Value
Fund: Origin Partners
Posted by mturner100 on 2010-07-11
I was the Founder of a company Origin invested in and had positive results with them and with Yagjian (Marc Y). He spent a lot of time with us early on (4 guys) to help with market validation, research and positioning. They participated in our Series A, B and C rounds and I often remarked that they did their home work before jumping out with a suggestion or some piece of advice. The fund is closed now but I would work with Yagjian again in a board role or early stage adviser.PRIVATE: Members Only (566 Characters)


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I have an Ubuntu micro instance running on amazon EC2.
Recently after logging in I was alerted:
*** /dev/xvda1 will be checked for errors at next reboot ***
I've rebooted a couple times using
init 6, however when I log on I am still getting the same notice, so apparently
fsck is not running at startup.
I read this blog post which mentions that if the /etc/fstab
<pass> column is set to
0 then a disk check will be skipped during reboot. Here is my
fstab file:
<file system> <mount point><type><options><dump><pass>
LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs / ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/xvdh /vol xfs noatime 0 0
This is the default configuration for an ec2 image from
- Is it normal for
<pass> to be set to
- Why would it be set to
- What is the best way to run
fsck- should I change this value or only run it manually when alerted?


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A New Concern: Superbugs
I know we already have enough to worry about, but now there's something new, and some experts are calling them a "nightmare."
USA Today carried a story about superbugs, something new to be infected with that can't be treated but can be fatal.
Seems the superbugs have turned up in hospitals and nursing homes--where people are already sick or, in the case or nursing homes, might be vulnerable to more bacteria or viruses than usual.
And here's something else if you aren't scared already: the superbugs are invulnerable to antibiotics.
The USA Today story says there's also concern that other, more common bacteria could become more resistant to antibiotics because of the superbugs.
I don't have a clever way to end this.
We'll just hope the bad bacteria will stay away from us, and that experts can come up with a way to help people fight them off.
In the meantime, I think I'll go wash my hands.


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text:
As noted over at our city site A.V. Club New York, savvy super-meta-comic (or should that be meta-super-comic?) Aziz Ansari has made lots of friends in high places of late, and yesterday he stepped out in their service to present a big-time exclusive: a Jay-Z song (with a Kanye West beat) called "Hate." Hear it here. And make sure to save room for a sandwich.
Ansari has been all over the place: as a regular character on the Amy Pohler sit-com Parks And Recreation, in the surprisingly-good-for-a-thing-called-a-"bromance" movie I Love You, Man, in the guise of the dick-swinging comic "Randy" in Funny People, as patron to a star-dazed James Murphy at the MTV Movie Awards, etc. Not bad for a guy who was a lowly Onion intern just a few years ago. (Actually, he wasn't lowly; he was totally rad and energetic and just naturally funny pretty much all the time.)
Go Aziz!


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Hello all!
I'm a middle aged dad who has been a brony for over 4 years now. I found the Fallout side of this fandom less than 7 months ago now and have already started my own fan fiction that can be found here! https://www.fimfiction.net/story/357237/fallout-equestria-wildest-dreams
Looking forward to hanging out with you guys!
Introduce yourself, say hi, welcome new members, etc.
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- Location: Pigeon Forge, TN
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My FoE Fan Fic Fallout Equestria: Wildest Dreams
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I've just done quite a long search and am surprised that nothing of this effect has been discussed of late. It's possibly a suggestion that the format hasn't been taken seriously enough yet to merit one - but amidst the present shenanigans I thought it would be interesting to see what you guys think.
My XI
+BB McCullum
CH Gayle
KP Pietersen
Yuvraj Singh
AB de Villiers
BJ Hodge
A Morkel
*DL Vettori
BAW Mendis
SL Malinga
DW Steyn


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Lyrics - First verseDixie, Dixie, I hear you calling, Dixie, Dixie, My tears are falling, That's why I'm coming to see you soon; I've not forgotten your fields of cotton; Dixie, Dixie, I'll soon be with you, Down along the Mississippi shore; 'Cause I know that you'll show some fancy dancing, as you did in happy days beforeChorusThey're always dancing, dancing, Dancing down in Dixie, On the Mississippi shore, See those steamboats gliding along Hear that Darkie's wonderful song; Singing, swinging, to the Banjo's ringing Harmony is ev'ry where, Oh! up above the moon's shining brightly, On the shores they're gathering nightly, Just play some blues and they'll wear out their shoes Dancing down in Dixie Land. They're always Land.Second verseDixie, Dixie, I'm all excited Dixie, Dixie, I'm so delighted, Because I'll soon take the choo choo train, The Dixie flyer I'll send a wire Dixie, Dixie, To say I'm comin' Back to all the folks who love me too, Wait for me, soon I'll be among the dancers, trying all the fancy steps they do.
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Whitney Owens
- Details
- Category: LCSS Principals
- Published on Wednesday, 18 January 2017 10:20
- Written by Super User
- Hits: 275042
Whitney Owens is in her first year at Lexington Middle School as the assistant principal. She is a native of Hollow Rock, Tennessee where she graduated from Hollow Rock-Bruceton Central High School. Whitney attended the University of Tennessee at Martin and received her Bachelors of Science degree in Health and Human Performance. She went on to complete her graduate degree at Carson-Newman University.
Whitney has taught Physical Education at Lexington Middle School for six years and currently coaches Volleyball. Whitney also serves as the athletic director for Lexington Middle School.


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Assistant Professor of Communication Design and Technology
Kyle Li is the program director of BFA Design & Technology. His has a diverse background in interactive/game design, American art history, and physical computing. Similar to many other Parsons Alumni, his design voice emerged while he was a MFADT candidate here in 2006. Design & Technology is built on a sustainable and customizable design process that enables designers to work, and continue working in the world of ever-changing technology. He pushes students out of their comfort zone. While they are in that foreign space, they learn new tool and explore new possibilities. They learn to design under and around various limitations by balancing software design and hardware engineering. They are also encouraged to strategically remix their own design with newly found interests for new, innovative opportunities.
Recently, he helped build two new DT concentrations, Creative Technology and Game Design, for incoming BFADT sophomores. During the old to new curriculum transition, he implemented a new mentor pool system (code name: Power Rangers) that allows BFADT juniors and seniors to access technical advice and project assistance from an elite selection of five MFADT student mentors with diverse skill sets. This is a more resourceful and flexible system compared to the traditional isolated 1 teacher with 1 teaching assistant (TA) system. Each studio teacher can assign his/her students individually to any mentor in the group based on their needs. The Power Rangers group is designed to cover most, if not all areas of interests in the DT community. The MFADT mentors in the group were hired in based on the demographic of interests across the studios to fairly distribute the workload.
When he is not maintaining crazy administration stuff, he loves to research and design new courses that bring old or new technology/tools/platforms to DT students. Realizing the powerful impact of hands-on learning in the beginning of his teaching career, Kyle taught various courses related to game design or physical computing using his sizable collection of games and electronic toys. Although his collection started out as a hobby, Kyle has built it with the intention to teach, as shown in Kyle's Embodied Play course where he utilizes his collection of gesture based game controllers to demonstrate the variety of technological solutions that can be found in the market for the same interaction. Recently, he co-taught the Recursive Reality course on virtual reality, and revived the famous 8-bit NES Game Production course, both drawing from his notorious collection.
===Kyle's research wraps around the affordance of play. He collaborates with teachers, curriculum designers, and assessment experts to create game-like learning packages (scenarios) in his other identity as the lead game developer at the Gaming SMALLab in Quest 2 Learn New York. These scenarios employ his research in play design, ludic technology, embodiment, and multimodality. He has designed and developed over 30 active learning scenarios since 2008 on science, math, biology, history, system thinking, and wellness.
NSF International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge Finalist
National Science Foundation October 2013
This competition recognizes outstanding achievement by scientists, engineers, visualization specialists, and artists who are innovators in the use of visual media to promote understanding of research results and scientific phenomena. We submitted ProteinCraft, a SMALLab game we developed for living environment students on DNA translation. Unlike other NSF photo-realistic submissions, our game is made of simple and colorful geometric shapes. However, we made sure the design principles behind all the visuals and sound effects are true to the principles of DNA translation. In a way, our play experience is not just a rendering of the event, but a fun collaborative practice ground that reinforces the connection between the color coded diagrams and symbols they learned in the classroom and the learning contents.
HASTAC Digital Media & Learning Competition 3
May 2010 Game Changer Best in Class: Innovation winner & grantee
In collaboration with President Obama's Educate to Innovate initiative and National Lab Day, the third Competition (2010) challenged designers, inventors, entrepreneurs, and researchers to create learning labs for the 21st century, digital environments that promote building and tinkering in new ways. Announced by Aneesh Chopra, Chief Technology Officer of the United States, 19 winners were selected in two categories: 21st Century Learning Lab Designers ($30,000 to $200,000)* and Game Changers ($5,000 to $50,000)*. 21st Century Learning Lab Designer awards were given for learning environments and digital media experiences that allow young people to grapple with challenges through activities based on the social nature, contexts,and ideas of science, technology, engineering, and math.
Motion Graphic Designer for U2 2005 concert
One Dot Zero July 2004 – July 2005
Chosen as one of six emerging designers worldwide to design motion graphics for the latest stage technology - a gigantic screen system made of 7 led curtains. The resolution of the screen is only 249 pixels x 64 pixels including 10 pixel gap between each curtain. It was a challenging but very fun and rewarding experience for non-screen display.
Recursive Reality
The New Arcade
Thesis Studio 1


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http://falcfans.com/falcons-2016-traini ... ek-1-23820
Falcons 2016 Training Camp Stock Report – Week 1
Through eight days of practices, we can now start to see some trends emerging in Atlanta Falcons' 2016 training camp. Let's look back at the first week and see which players have been able to raise their stock, as well as those that have not.
Stock Up
RB Tevin Coleman
Everyone that visits training camp raves about Coleman's improvement. He's made plays in the passing game, a key component of his game that was sorely missing during his rookie season in 2015. If Coleman can make significant strides there, it could lead to him carving out a bigger chunk in starting running back Devonta Freeman's workload.
Knox Bardeen @knoxbardeen
DeVondre Campbell on defense & Tevin Coleman on offense have been the two brightest stars thru four days of camp. https://twitter.com/crazybigethan/statu ... 8969678850 …
9:45 AM - 1 Aug 2016 · Georgia, USA, United States
6 6 Retweets 8 8 likes
Andrew Hirsh @andrewhirsh
Coleman just made one of the best catches of camp on a deep throw down the left sideline. He's been the offensive star of camp so far
11:44 AM - 31 Jul 2016
8 8 Retweets 11 11 likes
LB De'Vondre Campbell
The rookie linebacker has also been drawing rave reviews nearly every day during the first week-plus of camp, thanks to outstanding athleticism. Those athletic traits have shown up in coverage as it now seems routine that some observer reports that Campbell has made a spectacular defensive play in nearly every practice.
FalconsKelsey @FalconsKelsey
De'Vondre Campbell making plays out there again tonight, just broke up a pass intended for T. Ward… this guy is so valuable in coverage
8:15 PM - 5 Aug 2016
24 24 Retweets 58 58 likes
Knox Bardeen @knoxbardeen
No. 1 De'Vondre Campbell. The entire secondary has been good w/ Neal, Trufant and Collins standing out. https://twitter.com/6FALCONS6/status/760112221678698496 …
10:03 AM - 1 Aug 2016
6 6 Retweets 14 14 likes
CB C.J. Goodwin
It was telling that Goodwin got the reps at starting left cornerback during Friday Night Lights with starter Desmond Trufant nursing a hip injury. While the Falcons coaching staff is known for giving select reserves first-team reps to see how they would handle it, if they didn't think Goodwin was capable of stepping up, they likely would have called upon another player like Jalen Collins or Akeem King.
FalconsKelsey @FalconsKelsey
CJ Goodwin with the INT! A great camp so far the former WR #FalconsCamp
8:24 PM - 5 Aug 2016
8 8 Retweets 14 14 likes
Andrew Hirsh @andrewhirsh
CJ Goodwin is working with the first team due to Trufant's absence, and he just picked off Matt Schaub in the end zone. Great catch.
Andrew Hirsh @andrewhirsh
Quinn on Goodwin: He's got length, he's got speed, so he's got some of the prerequisites. He does not look out of place playing DB.
8:51 PM - 5 Aug 2016
4 4 Retweets 13 13 likes
Stock Down
It's hard to single out any individual player as seeing his stock decline. That's partially due to the fact that most camp observers usually focus on the good rather than the bad. It's also because it's hard to say someone's stock is clearly declining just off a handful of bad reps in any given practice. But here goes:
QB Matt Ryan
Clearly the Falcons' starting quarterback is going to be trade bait by the end of summer. Although perhaps offensive coordinator Kyle Shanahan could give Nick Williams a run for his money as the scrappiest receiver in the team's group. Shanahan was a wideout during his playing career at Texas:
Knox Bardeen @knoxbardeen
Contrary to rumors, Kyle Shanahan & Matt Ryan do work well together. #Falcons
10:57 AM - 4 Aug 2016
50 50 Retweets 60 60 likes
WR Aldrick Robinson
The recent addition of veteran free agent Lance Moore seems like a shot across the bow of Robinson, who has mostly been drawing positive praise through the early going. Given the vested interest the team has in seeing both Mohamed Sanu and Justin Hardy succeed this year, there's no reason to believe a veteran reserve like Moore was brought in to challenge either. Instead, it would seem the Falcons are looking to enhance the competition for the fourth wide receiver spot, where Robinson seems to have a firm lead. Another indicator that Moore's addition is intended to push Robinson is the fact that both of them have not been regulars on special teams throughout their careers. It's unlikely that the Falcons will carry more than one reserve receiver that isn't a regular on special teams on game day, meaning that between Robinson and Moore, only one will likely stick.
Falcons 2016 Training Camp Stock Report – Week 1
All things related to the Atlanta Falcons, NFL and pro football related.
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* Updated with official press release. details and participating countries/carriers.
This has been mentioned by Softbank President Masayoshi Son several times over the last few months, but finally details are starting to leak out about an unlimited data plan for international roaming.
While there has been no official release of information from Softbank PR, Japanese Apple weblog Ringo Sanco is reporting that the plan will be set at 1,980 yen ($22 US) per day. However, in a special promotion, until June 30, 2011, the service will be offered for only 1,480 ($16.5 USD) per day. Softbank subscribers using an X-Series smartphone, Disney phone, iPhone, or iPad 3G will be able to apply for the plan from July 21 of this year.
While speaking at a press conference at the launch of the iPhone 4 in Japan, Son spoke of how much he enjoyed using twitter and other online services, and how addictive they have become. While traveling abroad, customers using devices like the iPad could run the risk of gigantic bills resulting from even minimal data usage while roaming. This plan, while certainly not cheap, will make it easy for business travelers and vacationers to use data heavy devices and easily calculate the costs. Also with VoIP services like Skype now offering voice communication over 3G data, communications costs while traveling can be minimized while still offering robust options.
We're still waiting for final confirmation on this information, as well as details regarding enrollment instructions and effected countries. Stay tuned for more.
* Update 6/28 20:00: Softbank has issued a press release with details on the international roaming data plan here. It confirms the information posted previously and adds information on participating countries.
- United States (AT&T)
- Australia (Vodafone)
- Guam (Pulse Mobile)
- New Zealand (Vodafone)
- Indonesia (XL)
- South Korea (SK Telecom)
- Singapore (Singtel)
- Thailand (AIS)
- Taiwan (Taiwan Mobile/VIBO)
- China (China Unicom)
- Phillipines (Globe Telecom)
- Hong Kong (CSL)
- Malaysia (Celcom)
- Ireland (Vodafone)
- Albania (Vodafone)
- England (Vodafone)
- Italy (Vodafone)
- Netherlands (Vodafone)
- Greece (Vodafone)
- Spain (Vodafone)
- Czechoslovakia (Vodafone)
- Germany (Vodafone)
- Turkey (Vodafone)
- Hungary (Vodafone)
- France (SFR)
- Portugal (Vodafone)
- Malta (Vodafone)
- Romania (Vodafone)
- Egypt (Vodafone)
Another piece of interesting information is that it appears the cap is raised for a maximum of 2,980 yen per day for video downloads. I'm not sure I like the sound of that, but more information should be forthcoming.
iPhone photo by Gonzalo Baeza Hernández's


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BRENTWOOD — To retain some "institutional knowledge" on the East Contra Costa Fire District Board of Directors, the Brentwood City Council opted to keep Councilman Joel Bryant on as a council liaison in addition to appointing three new Brentwood board members and one alternate.
At Tuesday night's council meeting, Brentwood residents Stephen Smith, Greg Cooper and Joe Young were appointed to the board. The selected alternate was Anthony Bargiacchi, who will officially become the fourth member as Bryant phases out of the position over time.
Bargiacchi said that he was eager to learn that "institutional knowledge" that the four council members had gained while serving on the board since 2009. The four former board members were Bryant, Bob Brockman, Erick Stonebarger and Steve Barr.
"I understand there is a history that someone my age may not fully understand," he said. "The biggest thing is education and promoting our fire department."
Bryant will remain on the board for up to a year. In total, 11 residents applied for the fire board appointment.
"We had such a strong group with a broad base of understanding," Stonebarger said.
The three new appointees will officially become Brentwood board representatives for the district next month. The fire board has nine members with four from Brentwood, three from Oakley and two from neighboring unincorporated communities.
"The board being more independent makes sense," Barr said.
Reach Paula King at 925-779-7174 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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Dog Health and Nutrition For Dummies
Table of Contents
Author Information
However, it's easy to get lost in the pet store's sea of dog products, passing aisle after aisle of dog food. Keeping your dog healthy or getting her back on the road to good health doesn't have to be difficult, though. Dog Health and Nutrition for Dummies makes it easy to make sure your canine is living a healthy lifestyle. It gives you expert tips and advice on:
- Basic canine healthcare
- Feeding your dog
- Recognizing and treating common maladies
- Caring for the canine senior
Author M. Christine Zink, DVM, PhD is a specialist in canine sports medicine and professor at The Johns Hopkins University, but above all, a dog lover. She breaks down the complexity of caring for your pooch into easy terms with helpful reminders, warnings, and information, including information about:
- How to choose and work with a vet
- Your dog's anatomy with detailed illustrations
- Canine first aid
- Drug therapy for dogs
- Maintaining your dog's health with nutrition and exercise
- Common household hazards
Dog Health and Nutrition for Dummies gives you all the information you need to properly care for your beloved canine pal.


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November, 2009
Richard (Dick) Deasy: The first question I want to ask this elite group is what's been important to you in your work? I'm going to start with Mary Ann, as an artist and as someone who has made an enormous impact in this state due to her commitment to advocacy.
Mary Ann Mears: When I was on the train coming back from the event at which the Dana consortium research was released, I started thinking about conversations I've had with the absolutely wonderful arts educators that I've met across Maryland. They're wonderful not only because of the great work they do with kids, but also because of the way they think about what they do. I immediately said I would love to bring their questions to the attention of researchers.
Dick Deasy's work has been enormously important to everyone in this field all across the country. At the meeting of art supervisors from around the state last week, Nelson Fritts from Cecil County was talking about a great new program he's putting together, hiring 15 dance and theater teachers for that school system. He talked about using Critical Links in his conversations with the decision makers to win their support for the program.2
Two of my favorite studies are James Catterall's work.3 One was—and this is old but I still use it—his analysis of NELS [National Educational Longitudinal Study] data. It's a view from 30,000 feet, and it addresses the issue of equity by drawing a relationship between correlations in terms of children from low socioeconomic backgrounds having a significant benefit from the arts. Equity is where the rubber meets the road in this work.
Another study he did is a small-scale, finer grained thing I have always loved, which he presented at a 1998 symposium for superintendents in Maryland. He gave two groups of kids a prompt about Ancient Egypt. One group drew and then wrote; the other group just wrote. The students who drew the sarcophagi and the cartouches and so forth and then wrote about them had better organized and more detailed written responses. This was particularly true of the students with limited English proficiency.
I like that the study is partly about visual art and it addresses equity. It's very concrete and kind of elegant. There's insight for practitioners and a good story for advocacy. I really think it's important that whatever research is done is valuable for practitioners and brings insight and clarity for teachers.
Ever since getting a computer I've used the metaphor that we're hardwired for the arts as a species. I've always drawn on cultural historical information to back that up. But now when I'm talking to people I say the neuroscientists are beginning to discover how that works.
Deasy: Betty, you are the superintendant of a school district that has a great love for the arts. How have you drawn research into your career?
Elizabeth (Betty) Morgan: I believe that the research has helped us to build better arts programs in school systems. There's no question. I've worked in four different school systems, and it's been interesting to see how the development of programs in the arts has varied a great deal across Maryland. I think the research has strengthened arts-education programs not only in Maryland but everywhere. We've been able to use the research to be age appropriate in what we're doing in the arts, understanding, for example, the young neurons in early childhood, understanding what kids who are ten or older can accept. According to all the research, by about the age of ten your arts brain is becoming pretty developed; at the onset of adolescence your brain matures.
There's no doubt that elements we now include in various arts programs have come out of research. We've learned from the research, too, the effect of arts on cognition. Research has helped me as a superintendent to sell programs in a place like Washington County, in Appalachia. Fifty-four percent of our elementary school students qualify for free and reduced-price meals. I'll be perfectly honest with you, until I got to Washington County, I didn't even know that it had a world-class museum. That it's the home of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra. None of our school children were being given the opportunity to go through the museum or to symphony productions. I'm pleased to say that the link between the arts and cognition has helped us not only provide these opportunities for students, but also to sell the arts better in that community.
We're not an affluent suburb of a city, and we are not dealing with people who see the arts as part of their daily life—many people are struggling to survive. Many people don't see the arts as enhancing their lives. I like to feel that we've made a dent in that.
Being able to use the research really helps because it resonates with some people who wonder why we should have these programs. There are kids who are having difficulty learning how to read—why are you spending money on orchestral music in the elementary school? The research has helped us say that by introducing a violin to a child having difficulty in reading, we're helping that child develop his or her brain and form links between different areas of the brain.
We have a program through which students in various grade levels go to the museum and do a language-arts activity from the voluntary state curriculum of Maryland. We find teachers' eyes are opened when kids are at the museum and suddenly they're talking and they're able to write or want to write when they don't normally want to in the classroom. They've been inspired, and are getting input from what they see visually.
I really am very grateful to those of you who are steeped in the research because it helps people like me who are on the front lines—dealing with swine flu, dealing with kids being bullied, dealing with disciplinary issues and everything else—to justify the arts in our programs, and the expenditures the arts incur. It helps us create programs that are successful, because nothing succeeds like success. Success breeds more success and more willingness to engage in some of these programs.
Deasy: Sarah Cunningham, you are at the federal level deciding how to allocate dollars in support of arts education. How has research factored into your work and your thinking?
Sarah Cunningham: In terms of policy issues, research makes a difference to a funder when you have organizations that are aware of what in detail is happening with the children. To know that organizations really have a sense of what is happening with kids in the classroom is so important. But I would also nudge a little bit in another direction— as we build our knowledge, it's going to be so important to share this information with teachers and schools of education. It's so valuable to have this scientific investment to validate what a lot of us have known for a long time.
What's exciting is that it starts to generate conversations that have happened over the centuries, to generate a lot of excitement in the world that we live in. We revisit those conversations so that we can understand what's happening with young children as they make meaning out of the world and they begin to understand how to navigate space and time in playful ways. I think the fact that we actually have other tools to begin to understand these things is tremendous, because we're asking these questions: What is knowledge? How do we know? How do young people know? What kind of knowledge do we lose as we become adults? Are we scared to be playful as adults? Why are we scared?
This conversation with the scientific community demonstrates the richness of the moment that we're in. We have an opportunity as a federal agency to take this conversation to the press, the White House, the West Wing, and the East Wing, to engage in that conversation about where we can go with our young people. This conversation on the arts expands beyond artistic practice out into our moral effectiveness, our ability not to be depressed in high school, for example.
The final end is not utility, but it's doing things that are ends in themselves. It's things that are beautiful, it's laughter, it's these moments that we in the arts strive every day in our studios to practice or to at least reach for. From a federal point of view, this is an extremely exciting conversation.
I think there are open ears right now. I don't have my political appointee senior staff in place, but I think that this conversation is very welcome federally from the NEA's point of view.
Deasy: Janet, we ought to allow you to talk about your role at Dana, your career in dance, and your other activities. What's the research meant to you?
Janet Eilber: I've been very excited about this summit and particularly this panel about the implications for research. About five years ago, I attended the Learning and the Brain conference in San Francisco. I went to Dr. Patricia Wolfe's session for educators about strategies to use, what we know about the brain, and learning in the classroom. She spoke about how students access information better if it's presented to them with some context and in an emotionally engaging way. And I said, well that's what arts education does.
She wasn't talking about the arts. She was strictly talking about engaging education. But I recognized that these things had a relationship, that these were functions of what the arts could give us. There was little being done at that time. While there was some research, there really wasn't any momentum to how the arts might intersect with brain research and how that might be taken into the classroom.
Dana's arts-education granting began about ten years ago. It has been about delivery, how we get better arts learning into the classrooms. We assessed the pipeline. What's the role of the classroom teacher? What's the role of superintendents, policy makers, and parents? We looked for areas of need, the place to most effectively put the Dana Foundation's money to make these things happen.
But when we launched the arts and cognition study, we had to take a page from our colleagues who were overseeing the medical research and not impinge on the research with anticipation, with a wish for outcomes. We couldn't impede the process with the fact that we wanted Betty to be able to use the research as ammunition or Mary Ann to be able to use the research as credible material in her advocacy efforts. It's been very difficult to sit on our hands and wait for the day when we can look at how to take this stuff into the classroom. I'm not here to wave the flag of caution any longer. I really would like to get going and affect what seems to me a sort of glacial pace. I'm hoping the discussion today will not only support the momentum of the cognitive science and inspire future research, but will allow us to look at other types of research that may help us use what we already know more effectively.
Just as Dana began funding in arts education, the Surdna Foundation released a study called Powerful Voices, which very clearly articulated the essential elements of a successful arts program.4 It included an assessment tool so that you could assess your arts program looking at using a rubric that they had set up of the essential elements.
A study commissioned by the California Endowment called The Power of Art parsed out the elements of after-school programs bringing art to youth.5 Students were art makers, they had sustained participation, and they were in secure spaces. The thing that I found most interesting and revelatory about that study was they asked, what do these after-school programs in the arts offer that sports or vocational work programs don't offer? It came down to one thing: responsibility for self expression. The students were required to make art, and the programs ended in a performance or an exhibit that they were responsible for producing. This was the main difference— the students gained confidence and self awareness through personal expression.
Deasy: That work, as many of you know, is further elaborated by Dr. Shirley Brice Heath in her ten-year study of out-of-school experiences, finding those same things.6 But Shirley also impressed upon us that that type of engagement with the arts develops persistence and resilience in young people.
Mariale, you're the person who ran a school based on your understandings of the brain. How did that come about?
Mariale Hardiman: It is really ironic that I have spent the last year planning a conference on learning, arts, and the brain when I spent 15 years as a school principal focused on test scores. If you go around and start asking principals, "What's more important to you, test scores or art?" I don't think anybody would question what they'd say.
I will tell you about my experiences, especially at Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, which is a large school—1,300 kids and a fishbowl school in Baltimore. I was there for 12 years; after my second year, we had 11 years of improvement in reading and math. We analyzed our data through every lens. We got Maryland performance award after award. We just kept growing in scores, and that was wonderful. I worked hard and my staff worked hard at doing that. It takes so much energy to meet those accountability measures.
Yet I started to see that there was probably something wrong. We were so focused on accountability and scores that there was something that was not as holistic as it should have been about the school. Mary Ann Mears started talking to me about integration, and then [Deasy's] publication, Critical Links, was released. I was especially struck by the studies that showed how theater seemed to influence students. I started a full-time theater program, one of the first schools in the area to do that, and brought in a full-time theater teacher with whom I'd worked in a previous school. We started to see some really neat things happening with kids involved with theater. But the real research came from the teachers. A social studies teacher, Susan Rome, came to me one day and said, "Dr. Hardiman, I want to do an arts-integrated unit with the art teacher." I looked at her and I said, "Susan, are the kids going to learn any social studies? They're not going to just be doing two periods of drawing, are they? We have to get some content taught." Susan assured me that there would be teaching involved, that she would get the content taught. And I was blown away by what those two teachers were able to produce, how much the children enjoyed what they learned, and how much better they learned the information.
As I began to look at cognitive neuroscience and came up with the Brain-Targeted Teaching Model,7 we relied heavily on arts integration, especially when we knew that repetition was required for children to acquire and have mastery of information. If you're teaching the same lesson over and over again, repetition isn't going work very well. Kids are going to be bored out of their minds. We started to look at how to get children to master key concepts and do the repetition through arts integration so that they didn't think that they were repeating content, but rather manipulating it in different ways through the arts.
Clare Grizzard, an arts-integration specialist at Roland Park, with teachers Catherine Gearhart and Amanda Barnes, started to write units in the Brain-Targeted Teaching Model. What we started to see really was the school transforming, the halls coming alive with the children's work, the children talking about what they were learning in school, parents coming to me and saying, "What's going on at the school? Instead of my child saying nothing when I ask what they've learned, they start to talk in a very excited way about the content that they learned." They were learning it through art forms. We continued to become an arts-integrated school, and now a demonstration school, in Baltimore.
Charles Limb: I do research that's designed to try to understand how the musical brain works. The thing that frustrated me the most was that a lot of scientific studies, with good reason, deconstruct music into its elements and make it very sterile to the point where there's no music left in it. You almost can't tell it's a musical study anymore.
And so I said, what I really want to look at is how creativity happens in real time in a way that has what we call ecological validity, meaning you can recognize that it's a jazz musical performance that's being done. To make a long project very, very short, I took jazz musicians, brought them into an fMRI scanner, had them improvise or play something memorized, and looked at their brain activity.
The part of the brain that was really active during improvisation was a self-knowledge, autobiographical area. The parts that went way down or kind of shut off were the self-inhibitory lateral prefrontal regions. When you're improvising, these regions shut down because you want to generate novelty, you want to turn off the rules.
I'm not quite convinced that waiting for neuroscientists to come up with a study that's intriguing or helpful to the arts or education is efficient. Scientists are not supposed to be agenda-based with what we do. We often don't know what's important until maybe a decade later. Something that we can bring to the table is a systematic quantitative approach that social sciences traditionally have not had and that art has really very little need for.
Deasy: A current movement is action research. That is to have teachers, for example, develop their own questions and pursue and study them within the context of their daily lives. It's an enormously important development tool for teachers.
Mears: In conversations with artists and teaching artists, creativity, how it emerges in kids, and how to foster it was really important. Being able to find from some of the neuroscientists the potential methodologies for us to examine creativity would be fabulous. Doing it in collaboration would also be wonderful. But turning some of the teachers loose to do it through action research would be great and liberating for them.
We've talked a lot about arts integration. One of the things that came through for me is the trans-formative impact on teachers when they're trained in arts integration. I think we need to do some research about what happens in transforming the teachers. One of the most wonderful things teachers say is that they see the kids differently. I think that merits some attention from researchers because to understand that would be tremendously important and have a huge impact.
Many artists say that the creative spark at the beginning of an idea actually occurs as a visual image. I would love to talk to somebody about how we could do more research around visual thinking and visualization.
Deasy: Let's go back to Janet.
Eilber: Brain scientists often talk about the idea of repetition and drilling in a certain subject; maybe that's just as effective as surrounding a subject with integrated arts education. If Michael Jordan had practiced neuroscience for as many hours as he practiced his free throw, maybe he'd be a great neuroscientist.
In thinking about drilling and confidence, at what point do you have enough comprehension of the system that you're working in to have the confidence to be creative, to take risks? In training dancers, there's a long period of imitation and drilling and understanding the physical vocabulary. Some dancers never take the leap to have ownership of personal expression or make creative decisions about a role. Some of them are stuck with the drilling while others transcend it.
Deasy: Dr. John Bransford's work in cognitive science about how people learn grapples with that.9 How do you spark the imagination and make it the basis of a leap forward? Betty, any thoughts?
Morgan: In these really tough economic times, we need some practical tools to help us sell arts programs in the school systems. Advocacy groups can work with you and against you. I've probably faced every advocacy group that works against you in Washington County.
I'd be fascinated to look at research that would show the effect that music has on special-education students in specific special-education areas, such as autistic kids. Does it help autistic kids to communicate more? Does it help kids who are severely learning disabled respond to certain kinds of things that teachers are doing? What effect does it really have specifically?
I'd like to see research that ties the arts to academic excellence and growth very specifically. This group of kids was exposed, this group was not, and they advanced in their reading ability. It's not just about the scores, but it is about programs that work, and it is about how we want to spend money.
In my experience with the high school for visual and performing arts in Washington County, I've been vilified by advocacy groups, I have been excoriated in the press. The team and I have been through hell in putting the school together, and I'm not exaggerating. The day of the ground-breaking, a gentleman picketed with a placard against the money that was being spent on the school for the arts. The building was donated by a local businessman in memory of his wife who was an art teacher in Washington County who died at a young age of cancer.
Any research on the role of the arts at the high school level would have really helped me with the advocacy groups that were against this project— and generally they're against everything. There's a real paucity of research at the high school level. I would love to see the effects on kids who participate in arts programs in high school. I would love to see research on high schools for the arts across the country. I would like the tools to have the arts recognized as an important discipline, a discipline that makes a difference. Anything in the arts that shows a tie to increased cognition, academic growth.
Cunningham: I work right now with 19 states developing state teams to talk about how public education can put arts at the core and how to develop creative state design teams. Every state has a different microclimate for arts education, which means that it also has tremendous resources that can't be drawn through all those states. These state teams include lieutenant governors, state superintendents of schools, etc.
These folks want the information because they're making decisions on the ground about how to design all parts of public education. We need as much information as we have to give our students the best possible experiences. We don't apply this information across the board in the same way. But we aim to delicately understand its complexity and its shortcomings and find ways to get information to creative teachers who are doing a lot of inventive things and who are opening up to arts education in different ways.
What we advocate today in education are two representational languages, math and reading; maybe we should be educating kids to have multiple representational abilities. I think expanding our understanding of the human representational capacities that have been neglected is really important. And part of that is the conversation with artists with disabilities who have representational capacities that we don't fully appreciate. I think they should be at the table in a big way here.
The NEA recently did a reading-at-risk report where we did a secondary analysis of everything that's out there about literature.10 If we could also collaborate in creating secondary analyses that are useful to the field and that help us apply this information well, it would bring together all these different studies that allow us to see the bigger picture. It could be that the new research isn't as pressing as drawing together the existing research and getting it out in the field so the field can make intelligent choices about it.
Deasy: That's great. Mariale, do you want to make comments?
Hardiman: I would like to bring it back to the school level. I would like principals and schools not to have to decide between the arts and other content areas. I'd like to know if children who learn content through the arts have better long-term retention and are better at applying that content than children who learn in a traditional way. I'd like to know if children are going to be better long-term learners if we embed art forms into our teaching techniques.
I really wonder, coming back to Charles' study on creativity, whether or not we're squeezing creativity out of our children by trying to control them so much in our school environments. What would it look like if we studied that? Could we study children in the same sense that Charles studied jazz musicians, looking at their creativity versus their impulse? I think that might be an interesting study.
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Availability: In stock ships within 24-48 hrsStock Level: LowPlatforms: XBOX ONEPublisher: Bethesda# Players: 1 PlayerGenre: Action AdventureESRB: M - MatureUPC: 093155172289Region Free: YesMenus & Interface : EnglishProduct was added to our catalog on Monday 12 June, 2017.
From the award-winning developers at Arkane Studios comes Dishonored: Death of the Outsider, the next standalone adventure in the critically-acclaimed Dishonored series. Be a badass supernatural assassin and take on the role of notorious Billie Lurk as she reunites with her mentor Daud to pull off the greatest assassination conceived. Building upon Dishonored 2's signature gameplay and style, Death of the Outsider features all the series' hallmarks, including brutal combat systems, unique level design, and immersive, responsive, storytelling. With compelling characters and exhilarating action, Death of the Outsider is the perfect entry point for those new to the Dishonored series, while delivering a significant expansion of the gameplay and world for longtime fans.
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