text:
1900 Galveston hurricane
|Category 4 major hurricane (SSHWS/NWS)
Surface weather analysis of the hurricane on September 8, just before landfall.
|August 27, 1900
|September 17, 1900
|(Extratropical after September 11, 1900)
|Highest winds
1-minute sustained: 145 mph (230 km/h)
|Lowest pressure
|936 mbar (hPa); 27.64 inHg
|6000–12,000 direct
|$20 million (1900 USD)
|Areas affected
|Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York, Eastern Canada
|Part of the 1900 Atlantic hurricane season
The Hurricane of 1900, also known as the Great Galveston Hurricane,[1] made landfall on September 8, 1900, in Galveston, Texas, in the United States.[2] It had estimated winds of 145 miles per hour (233 km/h) at landfall, making it a Category 4 storm on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. It was the deadliest hurricane in US history, and the second costliest hurricane in U.S. history based on the dollar's 2005 value (to compare costs with those of Hurricane Katrina and others).
The hurricane caused great loss of life with the death of between 6,000 and 12,000 people;[3] the number most cited in official reports is 8,000, giving the storm the third-highest number of deaths or injuries of any Atlantic hurricane, after the Great Hurricane of 1780 and 1998's Hurricane Mitch. The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 is the deadliest natural disaster ever to strike the United States. The second-deadliest storm to strike the United States, the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane, caused more than 2,500 deaths, and the deadliest storm of recent times, Hurricane Katrina, claimed the lives of approximately 1,800 people.
The hurricane occurred before the practice of assigning official code names to tropical storms was instituted, and thus it is commonly referred to under a variety of descriptive names. Typical names for the storm include the Galveston Hurricane of 1900, the Great Galveston Hurricane, and, especially in older documents, the Galveston Flood. It is often referred to by Galveston locals as the Great Storm or the 1900 Storm.
- Meteorological history 1
- Background 2
- Preparations 3
Impact 4
- Texas evacuees 4.1
- Galveston 4.2
- Midwest 4.3
- New York City 4.4
Aftermath 5
- Rebuilding 5.1
- Protection 5.2
- Historiography 5.3
- Museum 5.4
- Gallery 6
- In popular culture 7
- See also 8
- References 9
- External links 10
Meteorological history
The storm's origins are unclear, because of the limited observation ability at the end of the 19th century. Ship reports were the only reliable tool for observing hurricanes at sea, and because wireless telegraphy was in its infancy, these reports were not available until the ships put in at a harbor. The 1900 storm, like many powerful Atlantic hurricanes, is believed to have begun as a Cape Verde-type hurricane—a tropical wave moving off the western coast of Africa. The first formal sighting of the hurricane's precursor occurred on August 27, about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) east of the Windward Islands, when a ship recorded an area of "unsettled weather." The storm passed through the Leeward Islands on August 30, probably as a tropical depression as indicated by barometric pressure reports from Antigua.[4]
Three days later, Antigua reported a severe thunderstorm passing over, followed by the hot, humid calmness that often occurs after the passage of a tropical cyclone. By September 1, U.S. Weather Bureau observers were reporting on a "storm of moderate intensity (not a hurricane)" southeast of Cuba. Continuing westward, the storm made landfall on southwest Cuba on September 3, dropping heavy rains. On September 5, it emerged into the Florida Straits as a tropical storm or a weak hurricane.[4] The Weather Bureau ignored reports from Cuban meteorologists because they expected the storm to curve northeast along the coast of North America: "Assumption became fact as the official government reports stated, wrongly, that the storm was traveling northeast in the Atlantic." However, a region of high pressure had pushed the storm to the west into the Gulf of Mexico.[5]
The storm was reported to be north of Key West on September 6,[6] and in the early morning hours of Friday, September 7, the Weather Bureau office in New Orleans, Louisiana, issued a report of heavy damage along the Louisiana and Mississippi coasts. Details of the storm were not widespread; damage to telegraph lines limited communication.[7] The Weather Bureau's central office in Washington, D.C., ordered storm warnings raised from Pensacola, Florida, to Galveston. By the afternoon of the 7th, large swells from the southeast were observed on the Gulf, and clouds at all altitudes began moving in from the northeast. Both of these observations are consistent with a hurricane approaching from the east. The Galveston Weather Bureau office raised its double square flags; a hurricane warning was in effect. The ship Louisiana encountered the hurricane at 1 p.m. that day after departing New Orleans. Captain Halsey estimated wind speeds of 100 mph (160 km/h). These winds correspond to a Category 2 hurricane in the modern-day Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.[4]
By early afternoon on Saturday, September 8, a steady northeastern wind had picked up. By 5 p.m., the Bureau office was recording sustained hurricane-force winds. That night, the wind direction shifted to the east, and then to the southeast as the hurricane's eye began to pass over the island just west of the city. By 11 p.m., the wind was southerly and diminishing. On Sunday morning, clear skies and a 20 mph (30 km/h) breeze off the Gulf of Mexico greeted the Galveston survivors.[4] The storm continued on, and later tracked into Oklahoma. From there, it continued over the Great Lakes while still sustaining winds of almost 40 mph (as recorded over Milwaukee, Wisconsin) and passed north of Halifax, Nova Scotia, on September 12, 1900.[8] From there it traveled into the North Atlantic where it disappeared from observations,[3] after decimating a schooner fleet fishing off the coast of Newfoundland.
At the end of the 19th century, the city of Galveston, Texas, was a booming town with a population of 36,000 residents.[9] Its position on the natural harbor of Galveston Bay along the Gulf of Mexico made it the center of trade and one of the biggest cities in the state of Texas. With this prosperity came a sense of complacency.[7]
A quarter of a century earlier, the nearby town of Indianola on Matagorda Bay was undergoing its own boom and was second to Galveston among Texas port cities. Then in 1875, a powerful hurricane blew through, nearly destroying the town. Indianola was rebuilt, though a second hurricane in 1886 caused residents to simply give up and move elsewhere.[10] Many Galveston residents took the destruction of Indianola as an object lesson on the threat posed by hurricanes. Galveston is built on a low, flat island, little more than a large sandbar along the Gulf Coast. These residents proposed a seawall be constructed to protect the city, but their concerns were dismissed by the majority of the population and the city's government.[11]
Since its formal founding in 1839, the city of Galveston had weathered numerous storms, all of which the city survived with ease. Residents believed any future storms would be no worse than previous events.[12] In order to provide an official meteorological statement on the threat of hurricanes, Galveston Weather Bureau section director Isaac Cline wrote an 1891 article in the Galveston Daily News in which he argued not only that a seawall was not needed to protect the city, but also that it would be impossible for a hurricane of significant strength to strike the island.[13] The seawall was not built, and development activities on the island actively increased its vulnerability to storms. Sand dunes along the shore were cut down to fill low areas in the city, removing what little barrier there was to the Gulf of Mexico.[14]
On September 4, the Galveston office of the National Weather Service began receiving warnings from the Bureau's central office in Washington, D.C., that a "tropical storm" had moved northward over Cuba. The Weather Bureau forecasters had no way of knowing where the storm was or where it was going. At the time, they discouraged the use of terms such as tornado or hurricane to avoid panicking residents in the path of any storm event. Conditions in the Gulf of Mexico were ripe for further strengthening of the storm. The Gulf had seen little cloud cover for several weeks, and the seas were as warm as bathwater, according to one report. For a storm system that feeds off moisture, the Gulf of Mexico was enough to boost the storm from a tropical storm to a hurricane in a matter of days, with further strengthening likely.[4]
Weather Bureau forecasters believed the storm would travel northeast and affect the mid-Atlantic coast. "To them, the storm appeared to have begun a long turn or 'recurve' that would take it first into Florida, then drive it northeast toward an eventual exit into the Atlantic."[15] Cuban forecasters adamantly disagreed, saying the hurricane would continue west. One Cuban forecaster predicted the hurricane would continue into central Texas near San Antonio. Early the next morning, the swells continued despite only partly cloudy skies. Largely because of the unremarkable weather, few residents heeded the warning. Few people evacuated across Galveston's bridges to the mainland, and the majority of the population was unconcerned by the rain clouds that began rolling in by midmorning.
Isaac Cline claimed that he took it upon himself to travel along the beach and other low-lying areas warning people personally of the storm's approach.[16] These reports by Cline and his brother, Galveston meteorologist Joseph L. Cline,[17] have been called into question in recent years, as no other survivors corroborated these accounts. In fact, Cline's role in the disaster is the subject of some controversy. Supporters point to Cline's issuing a hurricane warning without permission from the Bureau's central office;[18] detractors (including author Erik Larson) point to Cline's earlier insistence that a seawall was unnecessary and his belief that an intense hurricane could not strike the island.
Texas evacuees
The first train to reach Galveston left Houston on the morning of September 8 at 9:45 a.m. It found the tracks washed out, and passengers were forced to transfer to a relief train on parallel tracks to complete their journey. Even then, debris on the track slowed the train's progress to a crawl. The 95 travelers on the train from Beaumont found themselves at the Bolivar Peninsula waiting for the ferry that would carry them, train and all, to the island. When it arrived, the high seas forced the ferry captain to give up on his attempt to dock. The train crew attempted to return the way they had come, but rising water blocked the train's path.
Ten refugees from the Beaumont train sought shelter at the Point Bolivar lighthouse with 200 residents of Port Bolivar who were already there. The 85 who stayed with the train died when the storm surge overran the tops of the cars.[19]
|First news from Galveston just received by train which could get no closer to the bay shore than six miles where the prairie was strewn with debris and dead bodies. About 200 corpses counted from the train. Large steamship stranded two miles inland. Nothing could be seen of Galveston. Loss of life and property undoubtedly most appalling. Weather clear and bright here with gentle southeast wind.
— G.L. Vaughan
Manager, Western Union, Houston,
in a telegram to the Chief of the U.S. Weather Bureau on the day after the hurricane, September 9, 1900[20]
At the time of the 1900 storm the highest point in the city of Galveston was only 8.7 feet (2.7 m) above sea level.[13] The hurricane brought with it a storm surge of over 15 feet (4.6 m),[21] which washed over the entire island. The surge knocked buildings off their foundations and the surf pounded them to pieces. Over 3,600 homes were destroyed[21] and a wall of debris faced the ocean.[16] The few buildings which survived, mostly solidly built mansions and houses along the Strand District, are today maintained as tourist attractions.
The highest measured wind speed was 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) just after 6 p.m., but the Weather Bureau's anemometer was blown off the building shortly after that measurement was recorded.[13] The eye passed over the city around 8 p.m. Maximum winds were estimated at 120 mph (190 km/h) at the time, though later estimates placed the hurricane at the higher Category 4 classification on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.[22] The lowest recorded barometric pressure was 28.48 inHg (964.4 hPa), considered at the time to be so low as to be obviously in error.[3] Modern estimates later placed the storm's central pressure at 27.49 inHg (930.9 hPa), but this was subsequently adjusted to the storm's official lowest measured central pressure of 27.63 inHg (935.7 hPa).[23]
As severe as the damage to the city's buildings was, the human toll was even greater. Because of the destruction of the bridges to the mainland and the telegraph lines, no word of the city's destruction was able to reach the mainland.[24] At 11 a.m. on September 9, one of the few ships at the Galveston wharfs to survive the storm, the Pherabe, arrived in Texas City on the western side of Galveston Bay. It carried six messengers from the city. When they reached the telegraph office in Houston at 3 a.m. on September 10, a short message was sent to Texas Governor Joseph D. Sayers and U.S. President William McKinley: "I have been deputized by the mayor and Citizen's Committee of Galveston to inform you that the city of Galveston is in ruins." The messengers reported an estimated five hundred dead; this was considered to be an exaggeration at the time.[25]
The citizens of Houston knew a powerful storm had blown through and had made ready to provide assistance. Workers set out by rail and ship for the island almost immediately. Rescuers arrived to find the city completely destroyed. It is believed 8,000 people—20% of the island's population—had lost their lives.[26] Estimates range from 6,000 to 12,000.[3] Most had drowned or been crushed as the waves pounded the debris that had been their homes hours earlier. Many survived the storm itself but died after several days being trapped under the wreckage of the city, with rescuers unable to reach them. The rescuers could hear the screams of the survivors as they walked on the debris trying to rescue those they could. A further 30,000 were left homeless.[27]
The dead bodies were so numerous that burying all of them was impossible. The dead were initially weighted down on barges and dumped at sea, but when the gulf currents washed many of the bodies back onto the beach, a new solution was needed.[28] Funeral pyres were set up on the beaches, or wherever dead bodies were found, and burned day and night for several weeks after the storm. The authorities passed out free whiskey to sustain the distraught men conscripted for the gruesome work of collecting and burning the dead.[19] More people were killed in this single storm than the total of those killed in all the tropical cyclones that have struck the United States since. This count is greater than 300 cyclones, as of 2009. The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 remains the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history.[29]
The storm maintained tropical characteristics and Saffir–Simpson tropical storm-force winds (39–50 mph) when it crossed the Upper Midwest, with more than 4 inches (100 mm) of rain being reported over most of the southern third of Wisconsin. Wind created problems all over, including over Lake Michigan, and other areas in the path of the storm had similar problems. (Tropical storms reach Wisconsin and surrounding areas to the east, west, and south once every 50 years on average with others in the 19th century, 1961, and (subject to debate) Hurricane Ike in 2008; tropical depressions hit twice to three times every two years; and subtropical storms and depressions hit equally or more rarely than their tropical counterparts.)
New York City
The rapidly moving storm was still exhibiting winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) by the time it reached New York City on September 12, 1900.[30] The New York Times reported that pedestrian-walking became difficult and that one death was attributed to the storm. A sign pole, snapped by wind, landed on a 23-year-old man, crushing his skull and killing him instantly, while two others were knocked unconscious. Awnings and signs on many buildings broke and the canvas roofing at the Fire Department headquarters was blown off.[31]
Closer to the waterfront, along the Battery seawall, waves and tides were reported to be some of the highest in recent memory of the fishermen and sailors. Spray and debris were thrown over the wall, making working along the waterfront dangerous. Small craft in New York Harbor were thrown off course and tides and currents in the Hudson River made navigation difficult. In Brooklyn, The New York Times reported that trees were uprooted, signs and similar structures were blown down, and yachts were torn from moorings with some suffering severe damage. Because of the direction of the wind, Coney Island escaped the fury of the storm, though a bathing pavilion at Bath Beach suffered damage from wind and waves.[31]
|Cost (2010 USD)
|$164.8 billion
|$113.4 billion
|$104.3 billion
|$ 71.3 billion
|$ 58.5 billion
|"New England"
|$ 41.1 billion
|$ 40.6 billion
|$ 35.2 billion
|$ 29.5 billion
|$ 28.1 billion
|Main article: List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes
About 8,000 people were killed and the city destroyed over the course of several days. The survivors had little to live on until relief arrived.
Survivors set up temporary shelters in surplus U.S. Army tents along the shore. They were so numerous that observers began referring to Galveston as the "White City on the Beach". Others constructed so-called "storm lumber" homes, using salvageable material from the debris to build shelter.[34]
Reporter Winifred Bonfils, a young journalist working for William Randolph Hearst, was the first reporter on the line at the flood's aftermath. She delivered an exclusive set of reports and Hearst sent relief supplies by train.[35]
By September 12, Galveston received its first post-storm mail. The next day, basic water service was restored, and Western Union began providing minimal telegraph service. Within three weeks, cotton was again being shipped out of the port.[21]
Before the Hurricane of 1900, Galveston was considered to be a beautiful and prestigious city and was known as the "Ellis Island of the West" and the "Wall Street of the Southwest".[36] However, after the storm, development shifted north to Houston, which was enjoying the benefits of the oil boom. The dredging of the Houston Ship Channel in 1909 and 1914 ended Galveston's hopes of regaining its former status as a major commercial center.[37]
To prevent future storms from causing destruction like that of the 1900 hurricane, many improvements to the island were made. The first 3 miles (4.8 km) of the Galveston Seawall, 17-foot (5 m) high, were built beginning in 1902 under the direction of Henry Martyn Robert. An all-weather bridge was constructed to the mainland to replace the ones destroyed in the storm.
The most dramatic effort to protect the city was its raising. Dredged sand was used to raise the city of Galveston by as much as 17 feet (5.2 m) above its previous elevation. Over 2,100 buildings were raised in the process,[16] including the 3,000-ton St. Patrick's Church. The seawall and raising of the island were jointly named a National Historical Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 2001.
In 1915, a storm similar in strength and track to the 1900 hurricane struck Galveston. The 1915 storm brought a 12-ft (4-m) storm surge which tested the new seawall. Although 53 people on Galveston Island lost their lives in the 1915 storm, this was a great reduction from the thousands who died in 1900.[38]
The Galveston city government was reorganized into a commission government, a newly devised structure wherein the government is made of a small group of commissioners, each responsible for one aspect of governance. This was prompted by fears that the existing city council would be unable to handle the problem of rebuilding the city.
|"Cheniere Caminada"
|"Sea Islands"
|"Florida Keys"
|"Labor Day"
|"Last Island"
†estimated total
Reference: Deadliest US hurricanes[39]
Today, Galveston is home to a cruise port, two universities, and a major insurance corporation. Homes and other buildings that survived the hurricane have been preserved, and give much of the city a Victorian look. The seawall, since extended to 10 miles (16 km), is now an attraction itself, as hotels and tourist attractions have been built along its length in seeming defiance of future storms.
The last reported survivor of the Galveston Hurricane of 1900, Mrs. Maude Conic of Wharton, Texas, died November 14, 2004, at the claimed age of 116,[40] although the 1910 census and other records indicate she was younger than that.[41]
In criminal enterprises related to gambling and bootlegging in the city. Galveston rapidly became a prime resort destination enabled by the open vice businesses on the island. This new entertainment-based economy brought decades-long prosperity to the island.
The Galveston Historical Foundation maintains the Texas Seaport Museum at Pier 21 in the port of Galveston. Included in the museum is a documentary titled The Great Storm, that gives a recounting of the 1900 hurricane.[42][43]
In popular culture
- 1934: "Wasn't That a Mighty Storm" is an American folk song concerning the 1900 Galveston hurricane that originated as a spiritual and was revived and popularized by Eric Von Schmidt and Tom Rush in the 1960s.[44][45]
1935: Film director King Vidor was born in Galveston and survived the great Galveston Hurricane of 1900. Based on that experience, he published a fictionalized account of that cyclone, titled "Southern Storm", for the May 1935 issue of Esquire magazine. Erik Larson excerpts a passage from that article in his 2005 book, Isaac's Storm:[29]
I remember now that it seemed as if we were in a bowl looking up toward the level of the sea. As we stood there in the sandy street, my mother and I, I wanted to take my mother's hand and hurry her away. I felt as if the sea was going to break over the edge of the bowl and come puring down upon us.
- 1946: Meteorologist Joseph L. Cline, who with his brother Isaac Cline played a pivotal role in the hurricane, shares his account of the storm in an autobiography titled When the Heavens Frowned.[17]
- 1999: In Isaac's Storm, Erik Larson describes the storm and the pivotal roles played by Galveston Weather Service director Isaac Cline and his meteorologist brother Joseph Cline.[29]
- 2009: Ain Gordon's play A Disaster Begins centers on the Galveston hurricane.[46]
- 2013: Widow's Tears, a China Bayles mystery novel by Susan Wittig Albert
- 2013: The Promise, an historical fiction novel by Ann Weisgarber
- 2015: The Storm of the Century: Tragedy, Heroism, Survival, and the Epic True Story of America's Deadliest Natural Disaster: The Great Gulf Hurricane of 1900 , a nonfiction account of the hurricane by Al Roker
See also
- List of Atlantic hurricanes
- List of deadliest Atlantic hurricanes
- Hurricane Ike (2008)
- List of floods
- List of tropical cyclones
- List of United States disasters by death toll
- Notes
- ^ Trumbla, Ron. "The Great Galveston Hurricane of 1900" NOAA Celebrates 200 Years of Science, Service and Stewardship
- ^ Gibson, Christine. "Our 10 Greatest Natural Disasters" American Heritage (August/September 2006). Archived from the original on December 3, 2008
- ^ a b c d Weems, John Edward. "Galveston Hurricane of 1900", Handbook of Texas Online
- ^ a b c d e Frank, Neil L. "The Great Galveston Hurricane of 1900" (PDF). AGU. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 25, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
- ^ Ackerman, Steven A. Meteorology: Understanding the Atmosphere, Fourth Edition. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett. p. 263.
- ^ Colby, Frank Moore; et al. (1901). The International Year Book. Dodd, Mead & Company. p. 859.
- ^ a b McComb, David G. "Handboox of Texas: Galveston". TSHA handbook. Archived from the original on March 2, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
- ^ Garriott, E.B. (September 1900). "West Indian Hurricane of September 1–12, 1900" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review 28 (9): 371–377.
- ^ Westcott, Kathryn (September 22, 2005). "Flashback: Galveston's great storm". BBC. Archived from the original on September 15, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
- ^ Frantz, Helen B. "Handboox of Texas Online: Indianola Hurricanes". Archived from the original on July 30, 2007. Retrieved November 27, 2008.
- ^ Hansen, Gunnar (1993). Islands at the Edge of Time: A Journey to America's Barrier Islands. Island Press. p. 69.
^ Although that view was not universally held by all Texas residents, particularly those advocating other Texas seaports, e.g., see Braman, D. E. E. (1857). Braman's Information About Texas. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. p. 46. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
Galveston Island, with all its boasted accumulation of people, habitations, wealth, trade and commerce, is but a waif of the ocean, a locality but of yesterday ... liable, at any moment, and certain, at no distant day, of being engulfed and submerged by the self-same power that gave it form. Neither is it possible for all the skillful devices of mortal man to protect this doomed place against the impending danger; the terrible power of a hurricane cannot be ... resisted. I should as soon think of founding a city on an iceberg.
- ^ a b c Heidorn, Keith C. Weather people and history: Dr Isaac M. Cline: A Man of Storm and Floods —Part 2. The Weather Doctor (September 1, 2000). Retrieved on December 18, 2007.
- ^ Ramos, Mary G. (2008). "After the Great Storm: Galveston's Response to the Hurricane of September 8, 1900". Texas Almanac. Archived from the original on September 28, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
- ^ Larson (1999), p. 111
- ^ a b c "The 1900 Storm: An Island Washed Away" Galveston Newspapers Inc. Retrieved on December 18, 2007.
- ^ a b Cline, Joseph (January 31, 2000). When the Heavens Frowned. Firebird Press.
- ^ Hurst, David. "Washington bureaucrats of the U.S. Weather Bureau prevented Isaac Cline, a weather forecaster on duty in Galveston at the time, from issuing a hurricane warning" Altoona Mirror (September 25, 2008)
- ^ a b Olafson, Steve (August 28, 2000). "Unimaginable devastation: Deadly storm came with little warning". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 17, 2007. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
- ^ Larson, Erik (1999) "Day 7 | Part 1: Telegram"
- ^ a b c Cline, Isaac M. "Galveston Storm of 1900: Introduction" National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved on December 18, 2007.
- ^ The Galveston storm of 1900—The deadliest disaster in American history. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved from February 13, 2007, version at archive.org on December 18, 2007.
- ^ "Galveston Hurricane of 1900". ESSEA. Retrieved September 11, 2008.
- ^ "Galveston May be Wiped Out By Storm" (PDF).
- ^ Green, Nathan C. (1900). Story Of The Galveston Flood. Baltimore: R. H. Woodward Company. p. 126. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- ^ Sullivan, Brian K. and Korosec, Tom (September 12, 2008). "Hurricane Ike Set to Slam Texas Coast; Thousands Flee (Update1)". Bloomberg. Retrieved September 11, 2008.
- ^ Coe, Fanny E. (1911). Heroes of Everyday Life. Ginn and Co. p. 28.
- ^ Storms of the century: 1900 Galveston Hurricane: Part 2 – Disaster Waiting to Happen. The Weather Channel. Retrieved on December 18, 2007. Archived 24 June at WebCite
- ^ a b c Larson (1999)
- ^ "Course of the Hurricane; Circuitous Route by Which the Storm has Traveled. ITS PATH 4,000 MILES LONG From Porto Rico to Florida and Texas, Then Through the Middle West and the Lake Belt to Montreal".
- ^ a b "City swept by high winds; The Storm that Wrecked Galveston Reaches New York. A MAN KILLED IN BROADWAY Struck by a Broken Banner Pole – Navigation in the Bay and Rivers Difficult – A Ferryboat's Plight".
- ^ Pielke, Roger A., Jr.; et al. (2008). "Normalized Hurricane Damage in the United States: 1900–2005" (PDF). Natural Hazards Review 9 (1): 29–42.
- ^ Blake, Eric S.; Landsea, Christopher W.; Gibney, Ethan J. (2011). "The Deadliest, Costliest, and the most intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (and other frequently requested hurricane facts)" (PDF). NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6.
- ^ Bixel, Patricia Bellis and Turner, Elizabeth Hayes (2000). Galveston and the 1900 Storm. University of Texas Press. pp. 70–71.
- ^ Kramarae, Cheris; Treichler, Paula A.; and Russo, Ann (1992). Amazons, Bluestockings and Crones. Pandora. p. 434.
- ^ History of Galveston Island. Galveston.com & Company, Inc. Retrieved on December 18, 2007
- ^ "J.H.W. Stele to Sayers, September 11–12, 1900". Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Retrieved on August 31, 2007
- ^ Frankenfield, H. S. (1915). "August 1915 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau. Retrieved September 11, 2008.
- ^ Blake, Eric S; Landsea, Christopher W; Gibney, Ethan J; National Climatic Data Center; National Hurricane Center (August 10, 2011). The deadliest, costliest and most intense United States tropical cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (and other frequently requested hurricane facts) (PDF) (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 47. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
- ^ "Oldest living Texas Republican celebrates 113th birthday" El Paso County Republican Party (September 2001). Retrieved on December 18, 2007. Archived September 19, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Table of False and Exaggerated Claims" Gerontology Research Group website. Retrieved on September 8, 2012.
- ^ "Pier 21 Theater: The Great Storm". galvestonhistory.org. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
- ^ "The Great Storm". galvestonhistory.org. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
- ^ Hinckley, D. (September 12, 2008). "Singing up a 'Mighty Storm' in Galveston".
- ^ "Wasn't That a Mighty Storm (lyrics)". The Mudcat Café. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- ^ Saltz, Rachel (October 15, 2009). "Seeking Order in a Life, a War and a Deluge".
- Further reading
- "1900 Storm". The 1900 Storm 1900storm.com. Galveston Newspapers, Inc. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
- Bixel, Patricia Bellis and Turner, Elizabeth Hayes (2000). Galveston and the 1900 Storm: Catastrophe and Catalyst (1st ed.). University of Texas Press.
- Garriott, E. B. (October 1900). "The West Indian Hurricane Of September 1–12, 1900".
- Greene, Casey Edward and Kelly, Shelly Henley (2000). Through a Night of Horrors: Voices from the 1900 Galveston Storm. Texas A&M University Press.
- Halstead, Murat (1900). Galveston: The Horrors Of A Stricken City. American Publishers' Association. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- Larson, Erik (1999). Isaac's Storm: A Man, A Time, and the Deadliest Hurricane in History (1st ed.). New York: Crown Publishers.
- Lienhard, John H. "Raising Galveston". The Engines of Our Ingenuity. University of Houston. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
- McGee, W. J. (October 1900). "The Lessons Of Galveston".
- Moore, Willis L. (October 1900). "The Weather Bureau and the Gulf Storms". The National Magazine XIII (1): 542–546. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- Moore, Willis L. (1901). Report of the Chief of the Weather Bureau, 1900–1901 1. Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau (Government Printing Office). pp. 9–10. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
- Ousley, Clarence (October 1900). "Thrilling Experiences In The Galveston Storm". The National Magazine XIII (1): 533–542. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- Ousley, Clarence (1900). Galveston in Nineteen Hundred: The Authorized and Official Record. Atlanta, Georgia: William C. Chase. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- Weems, John Edward (1957). Weekend in September. Texas A&M University Press.
External links
- Sept. 11, 1900: Galveston wiped out Wire service account published in the Minneapolis Tribune
- 1900 Great Storm Theater Galveston Historical Foundation's website
- Galveston Hurricane of 1900 Texas Archive of the Moving Image
- Galveston 1900: Storm of the Century Primary Source Adventure, a lesson plan hosted by The Portal to Texas History
- Celebrating 200 years of NOAA from the NOAA (as well as similar content from the NOAA History Archives)
- The 1900 Storm – manuscripts, photographs, and other archival holdings from the Galveston and Texas History Center at the Rosenberg Library – including a list of victims
- The 1900 Storm – Galveston Island, Texas – "Remembering the Great Hurricane, September 8, 1900 – A Galveston County Daily News Presentation"
- The early history of Galveston, by Dr. J. O. Dyer, published 1916, hosted by the *Portal to Texas History
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text:
Venture Smith, 1729?-1805
A Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Venture, a Native of Africa: But Resident above Sixty Years in the United States of America. Related by Himself
New-London, [CT]: Printed by C. Holt, at The Bee-office, 1798.
Venture Smith was born ca. 1729 in Dukandarra, Guinea, the oldest son of a prince. When he was a young child, he and his family were taken prisoner by an invading army, and his father was killed for refusing to comply with their demands. Following his father's brutal murder, Smith and his family were taken captive. When another army defeated his captors, Smith was sold to Robertson Mumford, and they departed for Barbados and Rhode Island. He grew up as a household slave and married Meg, another of Mumford's slaves, when he was 22. Shortly after, he and a few fellow slaves attempted to escape, but their plan was aborted. Smith and his wife were then sold to Thomas Stanton. Smith describes the conflicts he encountered with his new master's family and tells how he purchased freedom for his wife and family by hiring himself out to others, cutting wood, farming, and fishing. He eventually bought property in East Haddam, Connecticut, and continued to amass and cultivate adjacent property, eventually acquiring over one hundred acres. He died in September 1805.
In 1798, when he was 69, Venture Smith dictated his narrative to Elisha Niles, a Connecticut schoolmaster. Throughout the work, Smith emphasizes his desire for acceptance and assimilation into American society and his disappointment that his material success does not remove the limitations he faces. In addition to expressing frustrations about the insurmountable disparity between whites and blacks, Smith continues his narrative with several instances of his being cheated out of money or property by other blacks. He concludes by briefly describing the infirmities of his old age.
Works Consulted: Andrews, William L., To Tell a Free Story: The First Century of Afro-American Autobiography, 1760-1865, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1986; Andrews, William L., Frances Smith Foster, and Trudier Harris, eds., The Oxford Companion to African American Literature, New York: Oxford University Press, 1997; Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds., American National Biography, vol. 20, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Monique Prince
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Indie godfather Cliff Harris
One-man studio Positech on how to build the indie Steam, fear of App Stores and why Minecraft threatens big devs
Former Lionhead coder Cliff 'Cliffski' Harris has been making and selling indie games himself since 1997, making a name for his studio Positech Games with the likes of Kudos, Democracy and last year's Gratuitous Space Battles.
Here, he talks about how much the independent scene has changed and become legitimised, thanks to the rise of digital stores, as well as the realities of developers earning money without publisher support.
Q: You've been in the indie scene for quite a while now - how do you perceive it as having changed during that time?
Cliff Harris: Oh wow, it's changed beyond all possible recognition. The first game I sold online was I think in 1997 and then it was just a matter of getting on Download.com and Tucows and sites like that. It sounds laughable now... It was free then as well, you didn't have to pay to be listed on them, and people would actively go to those places and download the demo and buy it. Now it's massively, massively different because people have realised there's money in it so you can't get listed pretty much anywhere without paying money.
And there's massive competition now. Also if you did a game back then no-one would clone it, whereas now if it's a success... Cubecraft and stuff like that, things get cloned. It's got sort of worse and it's got sort of better, in that everyone will buy a game online now and they're not scared of doing it. Whereas back then you'd get people wanting to mail you a postal order or something... So it has changed massively, for better and worse.
Q: Did you have any sense back then that it might become as it is now?
Cliff Harris: Well, I was quite shocked that anybody bought any copies of the first game that I did, so I didn't think that I'd end up doing what I do now. I was probably three or four games into it before it kind of made sense that you could do this for a living and do quite nicely out of it. Although it took me more games than that to do that. At the beginning, it was just a little hobby thing, no-one was really making any money. Which is the same now, I mean most people doing it don't make much money at all, so I guess that hasn't changed.
Q: At least it's vindicated now - it's no longer unusual to hear that one guy is making games by himself.
Cliff Harris: Yeah, I used to have so many conversations... Well, not so much conversations, but I've been told many times, mostly by Peter Molyneux, that you just can't go out and do games on your own, that the market is just not there for it, it doesn't really work and it's really tough and difficult. But I'm sure all people that run studios say that. If I ran a big studio and employed lots of people, I would be petrified that the best people would just bugger off and start their own studios - because you'd lose your best people then.
It must be a nightmare now, with Minecraft, with lead coders saying "I want another £20,000 or I'm just going to go off and do what that guy did." It's not as simple as that, I know it's not vaguely as simple as that... I wish I'd gone full-time a year earlier, in fact I wish I'd done it just as Steam launched. Because I knew Steam would be massive. Nobody seemed to take it seriously at the time, they just thought it was insane. It's crazy that everyone just sat on their hands and let the few smart guys go and sort of grab the whole digital download market. It's just crazy. I mean, I did it as well. I could have remortgaged my house and tried to do the same thing, but I didn't. So we're all to blame, really!
Q: Were you thinking actively about doing something like it at the time then?
Cliff Harris: Well, at the time I was at Lionhead and we used to have this thing where everyone would ask questions of management about this that or the other. Valve had just announced that they were going to bring Half-Life 2 out using this thing, so I asked the business guy if Lionhead could do the same thing. Because to me it seemed like an absolute no-brainer, I was always selling games online part-time while I was working there. I thought 'surely Lionhead can do that, they've got the name recognition to do it.' And they just said 'no, we don't think there's any future in that.'
Q: Peter Molyneux's made a few recent comments suggesting Lionhead was becoming a lot less keen on PC in general around that time..
Cliff Harris: Yeah, possibly. It was early days of Xbox and stuff like that. I still thought it was weird that people didn't see that Steam, and services like Steam, were going to be really big. I thought it was obvious. Thing is, though, I worked for a company that sold all their games as boxes on shelves - so to them it seemed a little bit strange, I guess. I'd already done quite a few games by then that were selling online and making a little bit of money, so I knew it worked. I just wasn't good enough at it or didn't know enough to scale it up. It seems absolutely crazy, all those companies like Lionhead continued to go along, effectively taking bank loans from publishers in order to make games. It seemed crazy then and it's still crazy now.
Q: How are you feeling about Steam specifically these days?
Cliff Harris: I've been pretty ambiguous about that... [laughs] I love Steam, I buy all my games from Steam. Though I don't buy many games at the moment, just because I don't like the majority of games that are made... But I like Steam, it's been very good to me. I've made good money through it. The deal that you get through Steam is obviously confidential, but it's good, far better than all the casual game portals - Bigfish games, people like that. Much, much better. And obviously there's all these people who buy online because of Steam, who otherwise would be very wary of it. I get a lot of people who say to me 'no offence, but I'm not going to buy games direct from you, I'm going to buy them via Steam because I don't trust fly-by-night websites." Which is particularly annoying for me, because I've been selling online for longer than Valve [laughs]. I point this out, but obviously it doesn't get me anywhere...
My wariness of Steam isn't really to do with a wariness of Steam, it's not got anything to do with Valve - it's the whole concept of there being a single platform holder. A lot of developers on PC, I think, are there because nobody can tell them what to do. If, with my next game, Steam said 'oh that's great, but we want 90 per cent of the money' then I don't have to immediately panic and become a plumber. I can still sell online. Whereas if they did control the entire market, they become the de facto platform holder. That's one of the reasons I don't do console games, even though I've looked at XBLA, and some publishers wanted me to do that. Nintendo wanted me to do stuff... But the thought that there is a guy in a room somewhere who will look at my game and ideas, that are sometimes slightly strange, and say 'oh no, we don't like that, we think you should change it...' If I wanted to put up with that, I'd do it in business software or something really boring. I'm wary of the fact that no online portal should get big enough that it can actually dictate what gets made. I don't think they are there yet with Steam, and I think that's a good thing.
Q: But if they did offer you some incredibly unfavourable terms, are they a big enough part of your revenues that you wouldn't totally dismiss it regardless of principle?
Cliff Harris: I am confident about other sources. I've been doing this full-time for quite a while, and I made a good living before I was on Steam. I've only ever had one game on Steam, which is Gratuitous Space Battles and its various expansions. Even after Gratuitous Space Battles had sold quite a lot of copies and made quite a lot of money on Steam, I went back and said 'I do this politics game, Democracy, it's very popular and I've lived off it for years, do you want that?' They said 'oh no, we don't know if it fits in with Steam.' Which is entirely up to them and that's not the point - the thing is that if I never got another penny from Steam again I could still do this for a living. Which is something I find incredibly reassuring. Not that I think there would be a problem because I think that GSB sold quite well and that I'm hopefully reasonably confident that I can keep selling on Steam. And I would want to.
Q: Do you have a sense of what's going to happen on PC? It's changed so much, what with social games and free to play, so are the kinds of games that you make going to stay around in the face of that?
Cliff Harris: The only thing that keeps me awake at night worrying about it is that, if say the Apple App Store on Mac does very well, if Apple can then get away with saying for the next version of the OS that "there's too much malware out there and dodginess, so from now on you can only install stuff that comes from our App Store"... That would of course have massive, cataclysmic whining from everybody, but I can imagine there's an accountant somewhere saying "we can eat that amount of unpopularity in exchange for 30 per cent of the global app market." If that works on Apple, then Microsoft would be interested for PC. That's the only thing that I think could really be a nightmare - if Windows 9 or whatever required you to sell through the Microsoft store.
I doubt that could ever happen because of Steam... unless they did a deal with Steam. I'd probably just grin and bear it, just sell through third parties, because I love what I do so much, but I think it would be really bad. You wouldn't then get your Minecraft and your Dwarf Fortress and your little sort of hobby projects that then become huge. That's what makes the PC so good. Nobody would ever go to Sony or Microsoft and say "Dwarf Fortress, hey?" I hope they [Apple and Microsoft] are sensible enough to not go down that route.
The other thing that could happen is price pressure, that all games have to be free and monetised on the back end. I was having an argument with someone last night who thinks that will definitely happen, but I don't think it will. I think this is a bit of a short-lived thing - I'm probably going to look like an idiot for this. The idea that everybody wants everything for free, and every game should be free forever, it works now but in 20 years time I think people will think it's ridiculous because we all know they're not free, really. 'Free to play level 1': people will wise up to that to some extent.
Even though most people find it quite depressing, this "free is going to take over and everything's going to be microtransactions", what I like is that then they release another Call of Duty of Warcraft expansion and it just completely flattens all other numbers. Actually, if you make a really good or at least well-polished game, put it in a box and sell it to people for £40, you still make a billion dollars. It's going to take a long time for that to turn around.
Q: Though there's increasingly few companies who can afford to make games of that sort of calibre..
Cliff Harris: Yes, but the important thing is that people don't think it's weird to pay for a game in that old style of paying up front and getting a piece of software in exchange. I think that keeps it viable in people's minds.
Q: While you're not looking at iPhone, Gratuitous Space Battles was on the Mac App Store on launch day. Despite your fears about it, presumably you've got some interest in it? How's it been going so far?
Cliff Harris: I was hardly involved. I used to be a Mac engineer actually, which makes it amusing that a) I don't own a Mac and b) I don't do my own Mac ports. Simply because I'm insanely busy and I don't want to have to do tech support for Mac as much as anything else, so I got a third-party company that translates all my stuff to Mac to handle putting it on the App Store for me. I've been blissfully ignorant.
It's done very well, actually. I think it was the number five grossing game on there, or something like that. Though I can't even look at where it is in the charts because I don't have a Mac! Occasionally I just get an email saying it's sold however many thousand copies. I don't think that it's such a big deal, really - Steam is already selling Mac stuff, Apple was selling stuff anyway and then there's all these other places where you can get stuff. I don't think there was this huge group of people who weren't going to buy online until they had this official 'App Store.'
The experience I did have of it was, because GSB had this online challenge system, they wouldn't allow that. So that part of the game is missing if you buy it from the App Store - so it's a bit cheaper because of that. Which is a bit unfortunate, and one of the things I don't like about it, dictating how the game would work. I can understand why they do it, but I'm slightly wary of it because some people are buying it that way and thinking it's the same version. Hopefully that won't be a negative thing.
Q: The other thing you've been trying recently is Show Me The Games. How's that worked out so far?
Cliff Harris: Yeah, yeah. What is Show Me The Games? Hmm. What it isn't is Steam, and it's not an attempt to be an indie Steam. Because I've been around indie game development forever, roughly every year someone new comes along and says "you know what we need? An indie version of Steam!" Then everyone rolls their eyes and says "yes, we've had this conversation a dozen times." The problem is independent developers are independent. It's like herding cats. There's always this kind of hippy commune idea that we can all come together in this brotherly love thing and create an indie version of Steam. Not to compete with it, but for the games that don't get on it - which is quite a few. It never happens, it always crashes and burns. The last time it happened, in a little foot-stamping rant of my own, I decided that the only way anything like this will ever really happen is if someone acts like a sort of dictatorial bastard and says "this is how it's happening, and if you don't like it f--- off." [Laughs] And I thought "that sounds like something I would do."
The other problem is people always make a huge list of features for their perfect indie website, and they always bite off more than they can chew so it never happens. So I thought if I could just get even a dozen developers to just agree to having the same size screenshot, that would be progress. So Show Me The Games is basically an online directory of indie developers who sell direct. You can sell on Steam as well or wherever, but it's where the option exists to buy direct from the developer. It's kind of an experiment to see how much we can get indie developers to put their trust in a single person to manage something like that.
The thing that is real triumph about it, to any extent, is that it's also supported by advertising. What happens is all of the developers who want to contribute to the advertising put money in. They all give it to me and I spend it and that promotes their games. I really like that, because there are so many indie developers who don't know anything about the business side at all, and certainly don't know anything about running ad campaigns. As a result, they don't get a lot of attention at all. Show Me The Games is kind of a vehicle for me to manage stuff like that. It might grow into more than that, I don't know. It's kind of limited by the amount of time I have available, which is none.
Q: It's fascinating that it's all about just one screenshot, like selling your game on a single word. You have to get it right or no-one clicks through.
Cliff Harris: Yeah. Welcome to capitalism, baby! That's how it works. And a lot of the problem is that many people don't realise that. It does come down to one screenshot - and you can really tell if you swap the screenshot for another from the same game, sometimes it makes a major difference, it really does. We live in a world of stupidly short attention spans and you have to realise that when you're making games. Sadly - it'd be great if everyone had loads of time to read up critical analysis and artistic values and stuff like that, but the reality is people go "look! Explosions!" It's tragic really.
Q: Is it proving a success for you and the guys on it, largely speaking?
Cliff Harris: We've done three ad campaigns and there's going to be a fourth one next month. It works really well for some people and it's a catastrophic failure for others. It really does depend massively. It's very tricky because you have to advertise on sites with people it appeals to. With indie games you've got a vast range of stuff, so it's very difficult.
Basically, we started it with $50 each and said "we'll do this and see what happens, and if you don't think you've got $50 worth of traffic then leave." So some people did, but others said "yeah, let's do it again, and with $500." It works, but it doesn't work for everybody, which is what we expected to happen. Hopefully it'll get more and more accurate and more and more helpful as there's more data. The website itself looks rubbish, it's getting completely redesigned next month to look like a proper website. That was the whole point - to start with nothing, just the simplest co-operation, and if it works then we build it up, rather than aiming high and crashing and burning, like so many of those websites have.


text:
Feb. 29, 2004
SANTA CLARA, Calif. - The West Coast Conference officially released the pairings for next week's annual league men's and women's basketball championships, scheduled for Friday through Monday at Santa Clara University's Leavey Center.
Members of Santa Clara University's Ruff Riders will be able to purchase tickets beginning at 10 a.m. Monday at the Benson Center on campus. The top 400 Ruff Riders who attended the most athletic events during the course of the year will receive priority and be eligible to purchase tickets on Monday. If there are remaining tickets on Tuesday at 10 a.m., the next 200 Ruff Riders on the list will be able to purchase at that time. Any remaining student tickets will go on sale Wednesday at 10 a.m. in the Benson Center to any member of Ruff Riders.
A limited number of single-session general admission tickets for the men's tournament will go on sale Monday at 9 a.m. in the Santa Clara Athletic Ticket Office. For information, contact 408/554-4660. Not all session will be available for sale, depending on availability.
The Bronco men's team enters the four-day event as the tournament's fifth seed and will play eighth-seeded San Diego Friday night in the second game of the two-game session at approximately 8 p.m. Sixth-seeded Portland will face Loyola Marymount in the opener at 6 p.m.
The winner of the Santa Clara/San Diego game will play fourth-seeded San Francisco on Saturday at approx. 8 p.m., upon the completion of the contest between third-seeded Pepperdine and the winner of the LMU/Portland contest. The semifinals are scheduled for 6 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Sunday evening and the championship will be played Monday night at 9 p.m. For a complete bracket of the tournamet, click here.
On the women's side, the Broncos will face San Francisco in the first round of the tournament. Santa Clara enters the event as the tournament's number six seed and will play seventh-seeded San Francisco at approximately 2 p.m. on Thursday. The first game of the opening session, which begins at noon, will match fifth-seeded Saint Mary's versus eighth-seeded San Diego.
The winner of the Santa Clara/San Francisco will take-on third-seeded Pepperdine at approximately 2 p.m. on Friday, while the Saint Mary's/USD winner will play fourth-seeded Portland at noon. The semifinals are scheduled for noon and 2 p.m. on Saturday with the championship game on Sunday at 1 p.m.


text:
Regarding your Viewpoint ["Grandma, Sedgwick raise the hue and cry," Page 6, April 16]: Activists continue their efforts to ban the plastic bottle and the industry continues attempts at appeasement by "increasing the rate of recycling." If activists don't like 30 percent maybe they'll like 50 percent, or 60 percent?
There is always going to be an activist somewhere that is offended by something, and today they get heard. We can't stop that, but we can educate the consumer of the values and the real environmental costs of PET bottles. The two issues raised with PET bottles are, first, they consume nonrenewable resources and, second, they create litter. Let's look at these issues.
Resource consumption
The consumer has made clear they value clean, conveniently transported water. There is an environmental footprint created by these bottles, but it is less than most people think. Within the industry, studies have been done comparing the cost of providing water in different ways with different materials. Nestlé did not choose PET without some research.
Why should PET water bottles be attacked for consuming resources, which for PET is energy in a different form, if it is the best and lowest carbon footprint way of packaging water? Add to that, the impact of each bottle has been reduced by at least half via lightweighting over the last five years, and PET can be shown to be among the best options to meet a consumer need.
Air conditioners each year in the U.S. consume more energy than PET water bottles. Yet producers of air conditioners market their products as "saving" energy via the government-backed Energy Star program. PET water-bottle producers have made bigger reductions in their footprint than AC producers and both products meet a consumer need.
Bottles don't create litter any more than paper or cigarette butts. People create litter. Anti-litter campaigns, enforcement of litter laws, and education can all be used to reduce litter. Don't blame the product, blame the perpetrator and please don't encourage littering by making something degradable. Paper degrades and it still creates a litter problem.
This industry has focused on recycling as the easy way out for too long. It won't work by itself. Use the combined knowledge of the true value and cost of PET bottles in external and internal communications.
Environmental positives should be on all advertisements and product labels. Use the existing industry bodies like the National Association for PET Container Resources or the PET Resin Association to accumulate and distribute information so a consistently accurate message of environmental responsibility is out there.
There are a lot of stakeholders from raw-material producers to beverage producers. If they all use similar messaging, the consumer will be educated.
Michael Dewsbury
Resin Technology Inc.
Fort Worth, Texas


text:
Choose your room
We would like to warmly welcome you to the Akman Apart Hotel.
You will find ample parking for your car and secure parking for your two-wheeler when staying with us.
All of the guests enjoy the free newspaper delivered day-to-day.
Make yourself at home
The upper floors of the well-appointed hotel are reached easily with the elevator.
Video surveillance is operating in the lobby area.
Where you will stay
All the hotel rooms are air-conditioned.
Enjoy in-room entertainment provided by a television with cable channels.
All the rooms entail a convenient landline.
There is a kitchenette and a fridge in our guest rooms.
In all of our hotel rooms we have included a bathroom with a shower.
One of the leisure activities available in the hotel is boating. So once you've grabbed your family and friends, get on one of our boats for a relaxing day at sea.
Business hours of reception:
Every day: from 00:00 to 00:00
Useful information:Other names for Akman Aparthotel:
Akman Apartamento Kusadasi


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I've been very uneasy reading the commentary about the pending rape and sexual misconduct charges against WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. Of course, I'm suspicious about the timing of Assange's recent arrest in London, and the effort which international law enforcers put in to 'catch' him (whereas dude handed himself in, after keeping in touch with UK police for several weeks prior).
However, as Ms .45 has commented in relation to an earlier Dawn Chorus post, there's been a pretty distasteful tone to the coverage. The media seem to want to both pruriently detail the allegations against Assange, and to suggest these charges aren't that serious.
There have been various suggestions that the women were not really raped, but rather were embarrassed at having been 'played' by our snowy-haired Lothario (a media narrative we often see in allegations of sexual assault against famous men). Alternatively, they made up the rape allegations for political reasons: they want to 'bring Assange down'.
Like Ms .45, I'm pretty disappointed that Crikey's WH Chong would think "the most sensible reading [of the 'sex by surprise' charge] comes from the mouth of babes, Assange's son Daniel". What? Someone on the other side of the world who knows as little about these incidents as anyone, and who hasn't seen Assange for ages? Political commentary doesn't suit Chong; he should probably confine his thoughts to arts and culture, which is the remit of his Crikey blog.
This Salon article is probably the best rebuttal of all the subtle, hearsay misogyny in other media coverage, while this Feministe post neatly rebuts all the disbelieving sniggering that's been going on over the charge of "sex by surprise".
But most troublingly for me, some media accounts have suggested that these vexatious charges could only have been laid in Sweden, where feminism has become institutionalised. As Salon's Kate Harding sarcastically puts it:
The only reason the charges got traction is that, in the radical feminist utopia of Sweden under Queen Lisbeth Salander, if a woman doesn't have multiple orgasms during hetero sex, the man can be charged with rape. You didn't know?
The feminist project has long aimed to reach and reform the highest political institutions, and this has happened in Sweden, "where even conservative male politicians call themselves feminists".
Swedish law has also eliminated many of the subtle anti-victim legal biases that we've previously documented here at the Dawn Chorus. The idea that women can withdraw their consent is the backbone of the 'sex by surprise' charge, and Swedish activists are now agitating for further reform which recognises that women can signal their non-consent in non-verbal ways.
But I'm getting the disquieting feeling that for the mainstream (and especially the conservative) media, Sweden is becoming a case study in the crazy, Kafkaesque shit that happens if we let those wacky feminists get their hands on the wheel. The central hypocrisy of the Julian Assange coverage seems to be that it's a good thing for information to be free, but women should be kept down as much as possible – or where would society be then?


text:
Michigan companies briefly regained 20 slots on the elite Fortune 500 list of top revenue-producing companies this week. But the advancement is very short-lived. The list includes 20 companies currently based in Michigan, but Bloomfield Hills-based PulteGroup's previously announced headquarters move to Atlanta is nearly complete.
Pulte (NYSE: PHM), which ranked at No. 501 last year, advances to No. 446 in the newly released 2014 list from Fortune global business magazine after reporting 17.8 percent revenue growth to $5.68 billion for 2013. The magazine ranks U.S. companies based on revenue, including discontinued operations and excluding excise taxes, for the most recent fiscal year ending on or before Jan. 31.
Pulte is in the midst of relocating its headquarters from the 225,000-square-foot Pulte Building at 100 Bloomfield Hills Pkwy. to Atlanta.
The homebuilding company, which has already occupied 24,000 square feet of One Capital City Plaza in that city since March 21, expected to grow its footprint there to 101,000 square feet starting June 1. About 54 employees in Pulte's Michigan homebuilding operations will remain here after the move.
Jim Zeumer, vice president of investor relations and corporate communications at PulteGroup, said in a statement the relocation to Atlanta is ongoing and the company anticipates its personnel in most departments would be housed in Atlanta by Sept. 1.
The Pulte addition returns Michigan to a total of 20 Fortune 500 companies, to rank No. 9 among states by total businesses on the list. Troy auto supplier Meritor Inc., a staple of previous Fortune 500 lists, slid to No. 536 last year and is now No. 634, after revenue fell 16.3 percent to $3.7 billion.
Manufacturers accounted for 13 of the 20 ranking Michigan companies.
Detroit once again is home to the most Fortune 500 headquarters in Michigan, at three companies — General Motors Co. (NYSE:GM, No. 7 at $155.4 billion revenue), Ally Financial Inc. (OTC:ALFI, No. 273 at $10.3 billion) and DTE Energy Co. (NYSE:DTE, No. 290 at $9.66 billion).
Auburn Hills followed with two corporate headquarters — the American subsidiary of Autoliv Inc. (NYSE: ALV, No. 310 at $8.8 billion) and BorgWarner Inc. (NYSE: BWA, No. 352 at $7.43 billion). No other Michigan city was home to more than one Fortune 500 company, except Bloomfield Hills before the Pulte move.
Others to rank this year include:
- Ford Motor Co., Dearborn (NYSE: F), No. 8 (from No. 10 in 2013), $146.9 billion.
- Dow Chemical Co., Midland (NYSE: DOW), No. 48 (from No. 52) $57.1 billion.
- Whirlpool Corp., Benton Harbor (NYSE:WHR), No. 153 (from No. 154), $18.76 billion
- TRW Automotive Holdings Corp., Livonia (NYSE: TRW), No. 165 (from No. 173), $17.43 billion
- Lear Corp., Southfield (NYSE: LEA), No. 177 (from No. 187) $16.23 billion
- Penske Automotive Group Inc., Bloomfield Hills (NYSE: PAG), No. 194 (from No. 203), $14.97 billion
- Kellogg Co., Battle Creek (NYSE: K), No. 198 (from No. 192), $14.79 billion.
- Stryker Corp., Kalamazoo (NYSE: SYK), No. 306 (from No. 305), $9.02 billion.
- Masco Corp., Taylor (NYSE: MAS), No. 323 (from No. 336), $8.43 billion.
- Visteon Corp., Van Buren Township (NYSE: VC), No. 359 (from No. 351), $7.44 billion.
- CMS Energy Corp., Jackson (NYSE: CMS), No. 394 (from No. 406), $6.57 billon.
- Auto-Owners Insurance Corp., Lansing, No. 428 (from No. 443), $6.06 billion.
- Con-way Inc., Ann Arbor (NYSE: CNW), No. 464 (from No. 450), $5.47 billion.
- Kelly Services Inc., Troy (NASDAQ: KELYA), No. 468 (from No. 462), $5.41 billion.


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Thank you for visiting the NCC Media website ("Website"), owned and operated by National Cable Communications, LLC ("NCC Media," "we," "us," "our," or other similar pronouns). This privacy policy ("Privacy Policy") governs your use of the Website. By accessing or using the Website, you agree to the terms of this Privacy Policy as they may be amended from time to time.
Your privacy is a serious matter to us and we have created this Privacy Policy to inform you of how we collect, use, share and secure your Personal Information. "Personal Information" includes your full name, address, email address, other information that may identify you as an individual or allow online or offline contact with you, and any other non-personally identifiable information associated with Personal Information. This Privacy Policy explains, in general, what Personal Information and other information is collected on the Website, how the information is used, and with whom we may share such information. Please take a few minutes to read our Privacy Policy so that you understand how NCC Media treats your Personal Information. It is our general policy not to share your Personal Information with third parties for such third parties' direct marketing purposes without your consent.
Applicability of this Privacy Policy
This Privacy Policy applies to both information we may collect online and information we may collect through the Website, but does not apply to information collected through other sources or from third parties.
Information NCC Media Collects
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How NCC Media uses your information
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NCC Media may disclose to third parties Personal Information that it collects as follows:
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Automatically collected non-Personal Information
When you use the Website, we also may collect certain standard information from your browser and personal computer that websites often collect, such as your IP address, your browser information (including browser type, capabilities and language), your operating system and the date and time you accessed the Website. We also capture the country from which the visit came and the paths taken as you move from one website or webpage to another website or webpage (i.e., your "click stream" activity). We may group some or all of this information into aggregate data in order to describe the use of the Website by our users to our existing or potential business partners, sponsors, advertisers or other third parties, or in response to a government request. We may also group demographic information that we collect from the Website users into aggregate data for the same purposes. We reserve the right to use and share any such non-Personal Information collected at the Website with third parties for any lawful purpose.
NCC Media does not typically associate such non-Personal Information with any individual. However, to the extent NCC Media associates your Personal Information with non-Personal Information within our database, we will treat all the associated information as Personal Information under this Privacy Policy. Except as noted in this Privacy Policy, we do not share this associated information with third parties.
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NCC Media uses cookie technology as part of the Website's statistical reporting and for other purposes related to making the Website available to you. A cookie is a small piece of information sent by a website that is saved on your hard disk by your computer's browser. It holds information a website may need to personalize your experience. We may also utilize cookies to identify if you are logged into a Website account.
A Web beacon is an electronic image, also called a single-pixel or clear GIF, placed in the code of a webpage or in emails. The Website uses Web beacons to track traffic patterns of users as they navigate from one page to another. This information lets us tune and improve our users' browsing experience. As with cookies, the information that Web beacons collect is aggregated, anonymous "click stream" data, and is not associated with you as an individual.
We also use Web beacons through a third party website analytics provider, as well as standard Web server log files, to help us count visitors and evaluate the Website's technical capacity. This information tells us how many people visit the Website, and helps us decide how to arrange pages in the most user-friendly way. This also helps us keep the Website browser-friendly and more useful to our users. We record information on Website traffic, but not on individual visitors to the Website, so no Personal Information about you will be kept or used.
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Please be aware that when you are using the Website, you could be directed via links or other means to third party websites, content and resources that are not affiliated with the Website. These third party websites, content and resources may send their own cookies to visitors, collect data or solicit and use your Personal Information in ways different than set forth in this Privacy Policy. The privacy policies of these third party websites, content and resources may be very different from this Privacy Policy. We are not responsible for the privacy practices of the providers of these other websites, content and resources and cannot guarantee the security of any of your Personal Information collected, used or shared there. For example, any information you choose to click links leading to a social networking website or a client website, any information provided there will be subject to the applicable website's privacy policy and practices.
Our policy regarding selling or renting of Personal Information
It is our policy not to sell or rent your Personal Information to any third party, except in the event of a bankruptcy or reorganization, or a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, as further provided in this Privacy Policy.
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Privacy Policy Updates
This Privacy Policy was updated on the "Effective Date" date noted below. NCC Media reserves the right to change, modify, or amend this Privacy Policy from time to time to reflect changes in our privacy practices. You are encouraged to review this Privacy Policy periodically and to check the "Effective Date" at the bottom of this Privacy Policy for the most recent version to inform yourself about how your Personal Information is collected, used and shared when you use the Website. To the fullest extent under applicable law, your use of the Website after the "Effective Date" means you are subject to Privacy Policy then in effect.
Contact Us
How to contact NCC Media regarding your privacy concerns and questions.
If you have any questions or comments regarding our privacy practices, you may contact us at NCC Media.
Effective Date: July 16, 2010


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Colleges and Universities Official Template
Unless an official site is the only site in the main category for a school or in one of the subcats, it can be cooled.
Admissions - Includes information about and for prospective students. This category would also house all of the deep links about the university from informative sites such as www.review.com and US News and World Report.
Administration - Covers offices and support areas for colleges and universities, as well as general administrative offices.
Alumni - Includes resources specifically directed at alumni. A further category named "Regional" may be established for sites that cater to alumni in specific regions.
Athletics - The official university athletic site should be listed. @ links to school-sponsored athletics and sport teams which reside in Sports/College_and_University/ should be placed in the category. Unofficial sports clubs (i.e., teams that are NOT officially sanctioned by the athletic department) DO NOT belong in this cat. They should be moved to Student Organizations.
Departments and Programs - Subcats need to be created for all individual schools and colleges. The listings for each department should be found under the college or school it is affiliated with. If any college or school has pages for individual programs please create an individual Programs subcat (if this is confusing please see Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/ New_Jersey/Princeton_University/Departments/ for an example). If a school has no such academic subdivisions, then all departmental listings should go directly under Departments and Programs, a separate Programs cat does need to be created though.
Libraries and Museums - Covers all campus libraries and museums from individual academic libraries and museums to main branches.
Organizations - Includes campus organizations and clubs - both student and otherwise. A Greek Life subcat should also be created (if necessary). All fraternities and sororities (if they exist) should be included in this category. Since many large institutions have more than 100 club sites it will be necessary to categorize them further. This can be accomplished in one of two ways:Subdivide by the type of club (i.e Sports Clubs, A-Capella, Ethnic, etc.) This method is preferred.Create an alphabar, and categorize the sites by the letter of their first name.
Publications and Media - Includes campus publications as well as news and/or media about the institution.
Research - Includes specific research efforts and/or studies. All Centers and Institutes should be placed in this cat.
Dragan 065/884-8890
Iskusni bravari rade hale, garaže, panelima leksanom, kao i kapije, ograde, natkrivanje terasa.
Green Smarthaus +381 65 477 5001
Najpovoljnije i najkvalitetnije montažne kuće u Srbiji, uvoz iz Austrije. Eksluzivni najprodavaniji modeli. Proverite sajt www.smarthaus.rs.
Nikolija +49 176 7884 4021
Minhen i okolina - tražim posao čuvanja deteta, ili dece. Imam jako dobro iskustvo, predana sam i pedantna. Za sve dodatne informacije, možete me kontaktirati. Molim, samo ozbiljne ponude.
Jasmina 060/184-9309
Potrebni preprodavci božićnih ježića od žita. Ručni rad, mali su, simpatični, cena je povoljna i postoji mogućnost pristojne zarade pred Novu godinu.
Edo +385 98 265 705
Selidbe i dostave u Evropsku uniju, i iz Evropske unije, vršim povoljno velikim kombijem.
SZR Limaks Beška +381 022 570 799
Proizvodnja i prodaja - kvarcne peći i kaloriferi. Kvarcne grejalice za brzo zagrevanje, sa i bez daske. www.limaks.co.rs
40 korisnika prisutno: 3 registrovanih, 1 skrivenih i 36 senkica. Ulogovani: cesko, galeksic, niko650 (01:08)
za rodjendan, godišnjicu braka, srećnu slavu, ženidbu, udaju, položen vozački, prijem u radni odnos...


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Staff writer
The Goessel cross-country team will be rebuilding with a new coach, and a mostly new lineup.
Brian Lightner, Goessel's athletic director, will lead a squad of 12 — eight girls and four boys — in his first season as head cross-country coach.
Last year, the girls qualified for and placed fifth in the state cross-country meet, while the boys team had one runner qualify who has since graduated.
Jennifer Meysing returns for the girls, and will lead the group in her sophomore season. Aaron Woelk and Zach Wiens are returning letter-winners for the boys team.
"As a first-year coach, I am looking forward to getting to know the kids and excited to watch them improve throughout the season," Lightner said. Lightner has experience coaching track and field at Peabody-Burns High School.
The Bluebirds' season begins Sept. 4 with a meet at Clearwater High School. All their meets will be away meets this season. The team will compete approximately once a week until the state meet Nov. 2.


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With the company's launch of Geforce GTX 560, Nvidia expanded its performance segment offer quite nicely. The GTX 560 can be found at €150, while the GTX 560 Ti is available for €30 more, here.
Both cards were classified as so called 'gamers' sweet spot', meaning that gamers on average budgets will love it and should be pleased with the performance offered. Optimum gaming resolution is 1680x1050, although 1920x1080 is possible as well, albeit after sacrificing some detail settings.
Thankfully, there's always the option to overclock the card and allow for smooth 1920x1080 gaming ad Point of View/TGT did exactly that. In fact, PoV/TGT pushed the GTX 560 Ultra Charged Edition's GPU from reference 810MHz to as high as 900MHz.
GTX 560 cards are built around the GF114 GPU. Compared to the GF114 on GTX 560 Ti cards, the GTX 560's GF114 comes with one Shader-cluster less. By disabling the Shader-cluster, GTX 560 practically got the same specs as the GTX 460 (GF104): 336 shaders or CUDA processors, 32 ROPs, 56 TMUs and 256-bit memory interface. Hardware wise, it's the same configuration but the GTX 560's GPU is 135MHz faster and its memory is faster by 100MHz (400MHz effectively) than GTX 460's.
Thanks to the improved GPU design, Nvidia could clock the GF114 much higher than GTX 460's clocks, all the while keeping consumption at the same level.
Performance wise, the GTX 560 is somewhere between the GTX 460 and GTX 560 Ti, leaning more towards the latter.
The GTX 560 Ultra Charged's packaging is similar to that of GTX 560 Ti Ultra Charged card. Nvidia really made the design part easy for its partners, as all they had to do was erase the 'Ti's and ship them away.
The card is named TGT-560-A1-1-UC and, as you can see, is quite a charmer. PoV/TGT used a black PCB and a black dual-slot cooler.
GTX 560 UC is 21cm long, which is 2cm shorter than the GTX 560 Ti.
The card comes with two 6-pin power connectors.
Although the connectors are on the far end of the card, the card itself is short and mounting it in smaller cases will not be a problem.
PoV / TGT GTX 560 Ultra Charged has one dual-link DVI, one standard HDMI and VGA connector. The card's cooler is pretty quiet considering the card is overclocked from 810MHz to 900MHz. We're talking about a classic cooler with a circular heatsink and two heatpipes. The memory is cooled by air from the fan only.
PCB looks pretty neat and tidy. The memory is placed on the GPU side of the PCB. The memory chips come from Samsung (model number K4G10325FE-HC04) and are specified to run at 1250MHz (5000 MHz GDDR5 effectively).
Top of the PCB has an aluminum bar that's used for improved heat dissipation.
Motherboard: EVGA 4xSLI
CPU: Core i7 965 XE (Intel EIST and Vdrop enabled)
Memory: 6GB Corsair Dominator 12800 7-7-7-24
Harddisk: OCZ Vertex 2 100 GB
Power Supply: CoolerMaster Silent Pro Gold 800W
Case: CoolerMaster HAF X
Fan Controler: Kaze Master Pro 5.25"
Operating System: Win7 64-bit
Nvidia 275.20_desktop_win7_winvista_64bit
3DMark 2011
Aliens vs Predator
Dirt 2
Unigine Heaven
Point of View / TGT Geforce GTX 560 Ultra Charged comes factory overclocked.
We managed to push the GPU to 970MHz, which is pretty much a maximum you can squeeze out from the GF114 on GTX 560 cards.
Although we didn't manage to hit constantly stable 1GHz, GTX 560 Ultra Charged allowed us to enjoy the following.
Afterburner recorded an interesting thing -- after the instability caused by the 1000MHz clock, the card downclocked to 900MHz. The app we were running at the time didn't crash.
Thermals and Noise
You'll hear the fan during gaming but it is pretty quiet when idle. Pushing the card to 970MHz resulted in temperatures up to 92°C, whereas 900MHz operation saw temperatures up to 86°C.
Today we tested Point of View/TGT's GTX 560 Ultra Charged graphics card. We've grown to expect the company to come up with some nice overclocks, and today was no exception. Nvidia's partners pounced on the chance to put the GF114's overclock potential to good use and although you'll find some overclocked by only 12MHz, PoV/TGT's GTX 560 Ultra Charged boasts a 90MHz overclock.
A reference clocked Geforce GTX 560 allows for smooth 1680x1050 gaming, whereas 1920x1080 will depend on the game and graphics settings. Thankfully, overclocked GTX 560 Ultra Charged card is up to 9% faster than the reference GTX 560 and that will allow for smooth 1920x1080 gaming.
Overclocking-friendly GTX 460, GT 560 and GTX 560 Ti cards made the €120-200 offer nicely filled out and there are plenty of cards to choose from. It seems like there are more than 100 different cards derived from the aforementioned cards.
As we said, Point of View/TGT GTX 560 Ultra Charged is one of the fastest GTX 560 cards around. Point of View/TGT 560 Ultra Charged currently goes for €184, which is a few euro higher than the GTX 560 Ti. While the card is undoubtedly quality, we must say that the pricing should have been at least a bit lower in order to compete with the GTX 560 Ti.
You can find it here.


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Packages are available on arora-browser.org.
Over the past ten months Arora has received a small but steady trickle of commits. With the release of Qt 4.7.0 the current Arora 0.10.2 can not be compiled with the current Qt* so it was time to package up the current source in Git into a release.
* due to the addition of a define in QtWebKit that already existed in Arora.
When the privacy indicator is visible clicking on it will result in private mode being turned off.
Add a way to modify the user agent string from within the application.
Support arguments for the external download program
Tweak the adblock dialog spacing and size.
Change the AdBlock dialog to use a simple check box instead of a group box.
Replace Stopped with Download Complete (like in ffx it's less confusing )
Update the copyright year in the about dialog to include 2010
Issue: 768: Fix spelling mistake
Issue: 821: Sort columns in cookie dialog by data values instead of string value. This fixes the dates being alphanumerically sorted.
Behind the scene:
Issue: 891: Fix Text Encoding to work correctly
Issue: 826: Correctly save the history state of a tab when using Qt 4.6
Fix build breakage with QtWebKit 2.0.
Remove remnant of delayed QWebView creation. Fixes tab restore again.
Style fix: convert tabs to spaces.
Build system:
Add an application icon for os2.
For finding the locale tools on os2 behave like win32
When building in debug mode on OS2 just like with Windows enable the console.
Move Arora's hooks to the git-hooks format to utilize git-hooks (See: http://github.com/icefox/git-hooks)
Default to lrelease and not lrelease-qt4 on non unix platforms.
QMAKE_EXTRA_UNIX_TARGETS is deprecated; use QMAKE_EXTRA_TARGETS instead.
Enable the raster graphics system by default for X11
Make "Show Hidden Files" translatable.
Issue: 811: Fix typos in the German translation
Replaced "leichtgewichtiger" with "schlanker" in translation with source "Lightweight WebKit-based wen browser"
Fixed capitalization typo whare the word "Tab" began with a lowercase "t"
Renamed Dutch translation file from nl_BE to nl.
Benjamin C Meyer email@example.com
Christopher Eby email@example.com
Kristof Bal firstname.lastname@example.com
Jakub Wieczorek firstname.lastname@example.com
John Wimer firstname.lastname@example.com
Benjamin Poulain email@example.com
William Witt firstname.lastname@example.com
Tor Arne Vestbø firstname.lastname@example.com
Popa Marius Adrian email@example.com
mwenge email@example.com
Michael Burger email@example.com
Max Kueng email@example.com
João Abecasis email@example.com
Jakub Lužný email@example.com
Henri Valta email@example.com
Ariya Hidayat email@example.com
Andreas Kling email@example.com
Monday, September 27, 2010
Friday, August 27, 2010
Arora on os2
The group over at netlabs.org has ported Qt4 to OS2. Along with that they have got QtWebKit building on OS2 and now have an Arora on OS2 binary you can download. With a few minor build related fixes (now in git) to Arora it now builds out of box and can be run on OS2.
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


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(UPI) -- Daily Show host Jon Stewart is entertaining a different segment of the population than usually enjoy his jokes with his recent rips about Obamacare.
Stewart's bread and butter is usually clowning on Republicans and Fox News, but he has recently taken to blasting the Affordable Care Act.
"Glitches…First step doesn't work…Wrong information…Confusing error messages…Broken calculators…So how are the Democrats going to spin this turd?" he asked during Monday's episode. In fact, he spent nearly half the episode taking down Obamacare.
Chris Cillizza of the Washington Post discussed President Obama's Stewart problem.
"Stewart dedicated the entire first 10 minutes of his show -- three full segments -- on Monday to slashing hits on the Web site and the president's handling of the problems. He compared Obama to "Gil," the hapless salesman from "The Simpsons," showed "Daily Show" correspondent John Oliver stuck in a computer after trying to sign up for Obamacare and expressed amazement that even the calculator on the HealthCare.gov Web site doesn't work. (And, remember, Stewart was heavily critical of Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius during an appearance on his show earlier this month.)"
But Jon Stewart isn't the only liberal to be critical of Obamacare. Slate writer Matthew Ygelsias wrote that "after years of offering up nonsense about Benghazi, Fast and Furious, and the New Black Panther Party, conservatives finally have a bona fide scandal dumped in their lap."
"For all the talk of 'glitches,' there appear to be fundamental flaws in the site's basic architecture, perhaps driven by poor incentives for government contractors and an overall flawed contracting process," Ygelsias wrote
"Except in this case, the most disturbing thing is how little the White House seemed to know," he added. "It does look foolish. The product doesn't work, and for whatever reason, key people didn't know it didn't work. That's a mess, and it fundamentally undermines assurances that the current 'tech surge' will lead to major rapid improvements."


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Ft Sumpter Flag
Tailored & Sewn the old fashioned way Made in the USA.
Fort Sumpter Flag 3 x 5 ft made out of 100% cotton
Delivery Information
We have a large stock of items, but are not able to keep every size in every colour, rank, unit. Therefore we make your order once received. Delivery times for items to be made are 6 – 12 weeks. If your order contains items in stock, plus items to be made, then your order will not be shipped until everything is ready. If you require some of the items urgently, please contact us and we can ship items in 2 shipments, but there will be additional shipping to pay and we will send an invoice to you for this.
UK shipment is either by Royal Mail or Parcelforce, if your order is too long for these services then it will be sent via DHL, for instance Inert Muskets. There is an addition cost of this and an invoice will be sent.
We are not mind readers and can accommodate urgent orders, but we need to know at the time or ordering, we keep getting requests for urgent items ordered and at 2 days to go before it is needed are told that the order is urgent!!!!
We are in a difficult economic climate with low demand for some products, so do not keep vast amounts of any item.
Any item which is urgent has a 4 week timescale to source if not in stock. Please bear this in mind.
Price: £45.00


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Polaboy – The art of "retrography"
Finally there's a perfect frame for our InspireD-Photos. With Polaboy the Lightboys, Oliver Setlmann and Jirko Bannas, have created an individual artwork: the oversized luminous Polaroid frames can be used with the provided photo collection as well as your own photos (yes even real Polaroids!). A dream for every retro lover and definitely on my next wishlist.
Polaboy-Facts: A scale of 10:1 (to 88 x 107 cm), thickness of 20 mm, energy-saving LED area light, wooden frame, made in Germany. All photographs can be changed at any time.
Also at my wishlist:
and the LIGHTBOYS Roof Top Light
(Thank you Oliver)
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Category: Product design


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Maroon Ultimate Cotton Hooded Sweatshirt, Marine Mom with My Hero on the dog tag, suitable for any day! This is a quality, heavyweight hoodie. Patented, low pill, high-stitch density fleece with handy pouch pocket looks great wash after wash. 10.0 oz., 90/10 Cotton/Polyester, 100% Cotton face Bar-tacked dyed-to-match drawstring and metal grommets Spandex blend rib cuffs Double-needle stitched armholes
Additional Information