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November 14, 2012
The brain contains billions and billions of neurons. These cells communicate with one another by releasing small endogenous chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters, into the synapse, where they are then taken up by specific receptors on neighboring cells. There are many types of neurotransmitters in the brain—what they have in common is that they are produced inside a neuron, released into the synapse, and then cause an excitatory or inhibitory effect on receptor cells, helping to propagate or downgrade action potentials.[i]
Neurotransmitters are often classified into two types: small-molecule transmitters and neuropeptides. Small-molecule transmitters can be further differentiated into monoamines like dopamine and amino acids like glutamate. The neuropeptide class includes endorphins, insulin, and oxytocin. Typically, small-molecule transmitters are direct actors on neighboring cells. Neuropeptides, on the other hand, are better suited for more subtle modulatory effects.[ii]
Originally, neuroscientists believed that each type of neuron released only a single, unique neurotransmitter. This theory, referred to as Dale's Law or Dale's Principle after the observations of English neuroscientist Henry Hallett Dale, was first put forward by Australian neurophysiologist and Nobel Laureate John Eccles. Further examination, however, showed that neurons synthesize and release more than one type of neurotransmitter at their terminals. Eccles later revised Dale's principle to suggest that specific neurons do not release just a single type of neurotransmitter but rather the same set of transmitter types at their synapses.[iii] Today, most neuroscientists posit that most axonal branches of a neuron release the same neurotransmitter(s)—which explains why different neuron types are still referred to as "dopaminergic" or "serotonergic" cells in scientific publications.[iv]
To date, scientists have identified more than 60 different neurotransmitters in the human brain—and expect to find more in the future. They are learning that neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate, serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, and others play important roles in human cognition and behavior. And while neurotransmitters are too often discussed as having a single role or function, neuroscientists are finding that they are multi-faceted, complex, and interact with one another in a variety of different ways. For example, dopamine has long been thought of as the neurotransmitter involved with reward processing. But new research suggests that the release of acetylcholine results in the release of dopamine—and, ultimately, both influence reward processing and learning. [v],[vi]
Acetylcholine (Ach) was the first neurotransmitter to be identified. It is a small-molecule neurotransmitter that works primarily at the neuromuscular junction, translating intention into action between the neuron and the muscle fiber. But it has also been linked to cortical neuroplasticity[vii] and attention.[viii]
Often referred to as the "pleasure chemical," dopamine (DA) was first linked to issues with decision-making in patients with Parkinson's disease.[ix] Since then, it has been one of the most extensively studied neurochemicals—mainly because it plays such diverse roles in human behavior and cognition. DA is involved with motivation, decision-making, movement, reward processing, attention, working memory and learning. It also plays an important role in addiction, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and other neuropsychiatric disorders.[x],[xi]
Glutamate (GLU) is the most excitatory neurotransmitter in the cortex. In fact, too much glutamate results in excitotoxicity—or the death of neurons due to stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Lou Gehrig's disease. Yet, GLU also plays an important role in learning and memory—long term potentiation (LTP), the molecular process believed to help form memories, occurs in glutamatergic neurons in the hippocampus and cortex.[xii]
Serotonin (5HT), sometimes called the "calming chemical," is best known for its mood modulating effects. A lack of 5HT has been linked to depression and related neuropsychiatric disorders.[xiii] But 5HT is farther reaching—and has also been implicated in appetite, sleep, memory, and, most recently, decision making behaviors.[xiv]
Norepinephrine (NE) is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. It has been linked to mood, arousal, vigilance, memory, and stress. Newer research has focused on its role in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Parkinson's disease.[xv]
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)
If GLU is the most excitatory neurotransmitter, than its inhibitory correlate is GABA. GABA works to inhibit action potentials. And, in doing so, has been linked to seizure and other pathologies. But this neurotransmitter also plays an important role in brain development. New research suggests that changes in GABA polarity, exciting immature neurons, may help lay down important brain circuits in early development.[xvi]
Other neurotransmitters
Neurochemicals like oxytocin and vasopressin are also classified as neurotransmitters. These small neurochemicals, made and released from the hypothalamus' paraventricular nucleus, act directly on neurons and have been linked to pair-bond formation, monogamous behaviors, and drug addiction.[xvii] Hormones like estrogen and testosterone can also work as neurotransmitters and influence synaptic activity [Can add link to neuroendocrine primer].
Other neurotransmitter types identified include corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), galanin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and neuropeptide Y. CRH, dynorphin, and neuropeptide Y have been implicated in the brain's response to stress.[xviii],[xix] Galanin, encephalin, and neuropeptide Y are often referred to as "co-transmitters." Galanin, for example, is released by some cholinergic neurons. Recent work suggests that it may have a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease.[xx] Enkephalin, on the other hand, is released with glutamate to signal the desire to eat and process rewards.[xxi]
As neuroscientists are learning more about the complexity of neurotransmission, it's clear that the co-expression of various molecules allows for greater range of flexibility and function. These different neurotransmitter molecules can also be released both pre-synaptically and post-synaptically to modulate neural activity in different ways.
Glia release neurotransmitters, too
It was also once believed that only neurons released neurotransmitters. New research, however, has now demonstrated, glia, the cells that make up the brain's "white matter," also releases neurotransmitters into synapses. In 2004, researchers noted that glial cells release glutamate into synapses in the hippocampus, helping to synchronize neuronal activity. [xxii] Further work has shown that glial cells don't just release glutamate—astrocytes, a type of glial cell, mediate synaptic plasticity by releasing different neurotransmitter and neuromodulator molecules into the synapse as required.[xxiii] Researchers are working diligently to understand the contributions of these different cell types—and the neurotransmitter molecules they release—to neural activity.[xxiv]
[i] Kolb B and Whishaw IQ. An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, Third Edition. (Worth Publishers, 2009).
[ii] Freberg L. Discovering Biological Psychology, Second Edition. (Wadsworth Publishing, 2009)
[iii] Taupin P. The Hippocampus: Neurotransmission and Plasticity in the Nervous System (Nova Science Publishers 2008)
[iv] http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/DMED/NeuralCommunication/Neurotransmission/DalesLaw.html
[v] You Z-B, Wang B, Ziztman D and Wise RA. Acetylcholine release in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system during cocaine seeking: Conditioned and unconditioned contributions to reward and motivation. Journal of Neuroscience, 3 September 2008, 28(36): 9021-9029.
[vi] Surmeier DJ and Graybiel AM. A feud that wasn't: Acetylcholine evokes dopamine release in the striatum. Neuron, 12 July 2012, 75(1): 1-3.
[vii] Suppa A and Papazachariadis O. Unvraveling acetylcholine impact on human cortical plasticity. Journal of Neuroscience, 8 August 2012, 32(32): 10795-10796.
[viii]Demeter E and Sarter M. Leveraging the cortical cholinergic system to enhance attention. Neuropharmacology, January 2013, 64(1): 294-304.
[ix] Labudda K, Brand M, Mertens M, Ollech I, Markowitsch HJ and Woermann FG. Decision making under risk condition in patients with Parkinson's disease: A behavioural and fMRI study. Behavioral Neurology. 2010, 23(3): 131-143.
[x] Freberg L. Discovering Biological Psychology, Second Edition. (Wadsworth Publishing, 2009)
[xi] Steinberg EE and Janak PH. Establishing causality for dopamine in neural function and behavior with optogenetics. Brain Research, 9 September 2012.
[xii] Mukherjee S and Manahan-Vaughn D. Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in persistent forms of hippocampal plasticity and learning. Neuropharmacology, 26 June 2012.
[xiii] Meyer JH. Neurochemical imaging and depressive behaviours. Current Topics in Behavioral Neuroscience, 28 September 2012.
[xiv] Sukel K. Decision-making: Beyond dopamine. The Dana Foundation Website, 17 January 2012. http://www.dana.org/news/features/detail.aspx?id=34974
[xv] Vazey EM and Aston-Jones G. The emerging role of norepinephrine in cognitive dysfunctions of Parkinson's disease. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 2012, 6:48.
[xvi] Ben-Ari Y, Woodin MA, Sernagor E, Cancedda L, Vinay L, Rivera C, Legendre P, Luhmann HJ, Bordey A, Wenner P, Fukuda A, van den Pol AN, Gaiarsa JL and Cherubini E. Refuting the challenges of the developmental shift of polarity of GABA actions: GABA more exciting than ever! Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2012, 6:35.
[xvii] Young L and Alexander B. The Chemistry Between Us. (Current, 2012)
[xviii] Lemos JC, Wanat MJ, Smith JS, Reyes BA, Hollon NG, Van Bockstaele EJ, Chavkin C, and Phillips PE. Severe stress switches CRF action in the nucleus accumbens from appetitive to aversive. Nature, 18 October 2012, 490(7420): 402-406.
[xix] Sah R and Geracioti TD. Neuropeptide Y and post-traumatic stress disorder. Molecular Psychiatry. 17 July 2012.
[xx] Counts SE, Perez SE, Ginsberg SD and Mufson EJ. Neuroprotective role for galanin in Alzheimer's disease. EXS, 2012, 102: 143-162.
[xxi] Difeliceantonio AG, Mabrouk OS, Kennedy RT and Berridge KC. Enkephalin surges in dorsal neostriatum as a signal to eat. Current Biology. 23 October 2012, 22(20): 1918:1924.
[xxii] Angulo MC, Kozlov AS, Charpak S and Audinat E. Glutamate released from glial cells synchronizes neuronal activity in the hippocampus. The Journal of Neuroscience, 2004, 24(31): 6920-6927.
[xxiii] Navarrete M, Perea G, Fernandez de Sevilla D, Gomez-Gonzalo M, Nunez A, Martin ED and Arague A. Astrocytes mediate in vivo cholinergic-induced synaptic plasticity. PLoS Biology, 2012, 10(2):e1001259.
[xxiv] Fields RD. Release of neurotransmitters from glia. Neuron Glia Biology, 2010, 6(3): 137-139.
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text: « Return to Search Mass. Eye and Ear Concord Opens in New Location at 54 Baker Avenue Extension March 05, 2012 New, State-of-the-Art Facility Offers Hearing Aid Center and Expanded ENT and Audiology Services Boston (March 5, 2012) — Mass. Eye and Ear Concord has opened in its new, state-of-the-art location at 54 Baker Avenue Extension in Concord, offering expanded ear, nose and throat services to patients west of Boston. The new location is across the street from the previous office location. Board certified otolaryngologists Drs. Stephen Smith and Brian Park will provide care at the new facility with Dr. Smith serving as medical director. Mass. Eye and Ear Concord's new location will provide a full range of hearing tests for patients of all ages, as well as dispense hearing aids. The practice will continue to offer a wide range of services in adult and pediatric ear, nose and throat disorders, including treatment of common problems such as chronic sinusitis, sleep apnea (snoring), tonsil and adenoid disorders, chronic ear infections (as well as thyroid and parathyroid disorders), and head and neck masses. The new facility also features expanded audiology services and the establishment of a Hearing Aid Center, including two state-of-the-art hearing booths. Click here for contact information, map and directions. About Mass. Eye and Ear: Founded in 1824, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary is an independent specialty hospital providing patient care for disorders of the eye, ear, nose, throat, head and neck. Mass. Eye and Ear is an international leader in Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology research and a teaching partner of Harvard Medical School. In June 2010, the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Schepens Eye Research Institute united to form the world's largest and most robust private basic and clinical ophthalmology research enterprise. For more information about Mass. Eye and Ear, call 617-523-7900 or visit www.MassEyeAndEar.org.

subset: commoncrawl


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Chief Executive Certification - The Household Assistance Package - Phase Two CALD and Indigenous Audiences
Certification Statement – Household Assistance Package Campaign (Phase Two)
I certify that Phase Two of the Household Assistance Package campaign – materials for culturally and linguistically diverse audiences - complies with the Guidelines on Information and Advertising Campaigns by Australian Government Departments and Agencies (Guidelines).
This certification takes into consideration the Report of the Independent Communications Committee, which indicates the Household Assistance Package campaign – materials for culturally and linguistically diverse audiences, in their view, complies with principles 1 to 4 of the Guidelines, dated 28 June 2012.
My certification has also been informed by advice and evidence of compliance with the Guidelines provided by officers within FaHCSIA with responsibility for the design, development and implementation of the Household Assistance Package campaign.
I certify compliance with relevant legal and procurement matters relating to the presentation and delivery of the campaign (principle 5 of the Guidelines).
Finn Pratt
Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
28 June 2012
Last updated:


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(Links to related sites outside this tour)
This transcript is a companion to the Mount Holyoke College Tour, a multimedia site presenting the Mount Holyoke experience through photos, audio clips, and video clips. The corresponding page on the multimedia tour is Five Colleges. If you have suggestions about how to improve the accessibility of this site, please contact us.


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In this blog you can see Pashto showbiz, Pashto actress and actors photos, Pashto singers pictures, Pashto trailers, Pashto movies, Pashto songs, Pashto news and much more!
Friday, April 15, 2011
Pashto Female Singer Ghazala Javed Biography and Photos
80 comments:
I Love Ghazala JavedReplyDelete
really i like ghazala javed so cute and lovely i love him .ReplyDeleteReplies
love him wrong love herDelete
- AnonymousJuly 2, 2012 at 8:55 PM
not him say herDelete
This comment has been removed by the author.ReplyDelete
awwwwwwsome she realy isReplyDelete
i heard her songs and she has a tremendous flow in her sweet voice......ReplyDelete
your nice dear thnxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 1, 2012 at 4:09 PM
how about her pussy. she has done many porn movies.. and i need her cell number if anyone has her cell number plz send that, or post that here i am watching this site everytimeReplyDeleteReplies
- AnonymousJune 21, 2012 at 12:26 AM
someone when died ,its not good to say something wrong and rubbish behind..........Delete
it show ur chracter???????????????????
which type person u r........
- AnonymousJuly 2, 2012 at 8:58 PM
Mr Anonymous!!! you know usually pussies are the same she is died now you can suck some animal pussy that will be good for you...even then if you don't enjoy you will have sisters....Delete
hi frind that is the ghazala javed nambarReplyDelete
she is verry nice picReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 30, 2012 at 11:03 PM
she has very innocent face, i like her very muuuuuuuuuuuuuchReplyDelete
- AnonymousMay 4, 2012 at 6:48 PM
kos na alepapa jor ke bea gano ta raozeReplyDelete
- AnonymousMay 16, 2012 at 12:37 PM
- AnonymousMay 17, 2012 at 12:57 AM
realy hotReplyDelete
- AnonymousMay 18, 2012 at 10:00 AM
much beautiful you and your voice.ghazala love u.........ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMay 24, 2012 at 5:56 PM
What i will say every one already took a part in her body what will left to me?ReplyDelete
but i like her in my dreams that i am doing love with her and ............ you know.
i like you very very very much gazala.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 18, 2012 at 11:07 PM
sali ab to mar chuki he....ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 18, 2012 at 11:29 PM
Ghizala go went gone gone goneReplyDelete
Allah de obakhka, AmeenReplies
- AnonymousJune 21, 2012 at 8:03 PM
allah de hagh wana bakhe zaka chy hagha yawa dama wa or da damy zai dozakh dai kho kata bia ham warta dowa kaye no khodai dai tata hedayat dark kiDelete
- AnonymousJuly 2, 2012 at 9:03 PM
Pakhtoon yaw ghairati qaom dy chy pa tola dunya k noom lagi gi. Ao pa dasay qaom k chy kala damay peda kegi no da khpala begairati ao badnami oganay...dasay damay ALLAH PAK has kala na bakhi...no dasay duaganay ma kaway...Khpal zan ta khpal iman ao Aakhirat ta dua pukaar daDelete
da allah pa amaanReplyDelete
no more comments on ghazala bcoz she goneReplyDelete
- Mahar AhmadJune 19, 2012 at 12:05 AM
may God bless uReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 1:48 AM
khuda ún ko bakhsh de,AmeenReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 5:10 AM
how old was she??ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 11:02 AM
I am Wida from Kabul, Afghanistan, i recenlty heard about her dead in facebook, i really got sad, believe it really hurts me, she was so beautiful, at least should have lived for almost 20 more years. May Allah forgive her for all she did in this fleet world.ReplyDelete
Yours Sister
she was a great singer i love her songs so very much. When ever i am free from my office working i was lisent her songs along with me and her beautiful songs. She was a noble and beautiful women. She will live long live in our harts.ReplyDelete
she is so cute but she is dead Ghazala Javed killed muftpakistanReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 12:15 PM
no one asked her why she hunted .where is Main Iftikhar Hussain the information minster of pakhtoonkhwa then they ask that give us vote in election .plz some one give me the Iftikhar cell number that i ask him that what he do for these ArtestReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 1:42 PM
the end..ghazala javidReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 2:07 PM
Ghazala javed hes end of our spicial social life.ReplyDelete
Good Bye Forever and ever Gazala Javeed God Bless YouReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 3:19 PM
According to Islam, killang of single person is like killing of all the people of univers. And specially Killing of a ladies and children are against our islamic virture and religion as well as against our pushtoon culture.ReplyDelete
May Allah blees her in Jana.
Hamad Khan
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 3:45 PM
may Allah wash your sins and our sins Ghazala and yor dad. May Allah place you both in Jannah, you are shaheed! Shahadat is a status.ReplyDelete
iA i will also be in Jannah and will meet with you:)
other sisters! stop singing etc and repent to Allah!
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 4:53 PM
Ghazala javed is realy most of the beautiful lady in the world i love her beauty and her voice and also her shairy sab log dowa karo ALLAH won ko janat ata farmai or won ko her azab say bachay ameenReplyDelete
SHE LIVES IN OUR HEARTS :(ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 19, 2012 at 10:47 PM
khuday paman daa ghazala husan da kamalReplyDelete
Allah de obakhi AAminReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 20, 2012 at 12:52 AM
"ZRE ZAMA PAGAL DEY YARA" AND "SHUKRIYA SHUKRIYA YARA OW BEWAFA" ARE THE SONGS WICH WILL FOREVER IN OUR HEARTS... THIS LOVELY VOCAL AND HER LOVELY VOICE WILL LIVE FOREVER IN OUR HEARTS... WE CAN ONLY PRAY FOR HER... WHAT HAPPEND IS VERY BAD AND WE THAT DAY WILL COME SOON WHEN THE PERSON WHO KILLED HER WILL DEAD LIKE PIG.......ReplyDelete
- Hashmatullah KhanJune 20, 2012 at 3:15 PM
Salam to all Pashton Bro.ReplyDelete
i am from Logar, Afghanistan when i get inform about ghazala javeed death it was very shoking news for me. killing of such sweet vioce and bueati face specially lady. it mean killing of huminity. but we can just pray for her. God bless her. please forget that what she did in her life. As a human pray for her. belive me i never forget her. and she will be live in our hearts for ever. at last a request from all Ghazala's fans Please Don't watch her songs, don't listen her song to give her rest.
Hashmatullah Khan
- AnonymousJune 20, 2012 at 4:33 PM
Abdul Samad KhanReplyDelete
Poverty made Ghazala a dancer cum singer and destiny made her a toy in people's hands who bought her for a crore and finally shattered the little 24 years old doll into pieces.
- AnonymousJune 20, 2012 at 6:00 PM
Abdul Samad Bhir.ReplyDelete
Please Ghazala Marhooma mazi ka tazkira mat karain.
Allah usko Jannat aata farain.
Ameen ....
Zaheer Bannusi
- AnonymousJune 21, 2012 at 12:39 AM
There are many singers in pak, but she was the one.......ReplyDelete
i like her songs and always heared her songs........
when i was informed by some one that Ghazala was killed
by someone (animal),it was very bad news and i was
in shock,i become very sad.............................
she was a good singer and no any femal singer in pakistan will replace her.We will remember her forever.
Now she is not more........God bless her....
- AnonymousJune 22, 2012 at 1:02 AM
Although she was a singer,dancer at some time and had porn movies but she didnt deserve to be killed like this.our govt is unable to provide security to its public.shame..All friends are requested plz dont say unethical words about a person who is not between us now.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 22, 2012 at 3:18 AM
afsos der afsos zamong pa pukhtun qowm bande , che da be waso pake beguna katluna kegi .ghazala javed ta allah bakhana aw janat warki , zaka che da ghazala javed marg da shahadat marg de . ZAMA kho da ghazala javed pa marg der ziat zrha khafa de . ufffffffffff allah ta ensaf okeReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 22, 2012 at 2:50 PM
ghazala will lay in all her fans heart foreverReplyDelete
I don't gauge that Pashton to forget her
She was the one allah di warta janaat ferdos nasib ki
Many singer come ,many went and many will come but singer like her impossible to come into pashto music place .
- AnonymousJune 22, 2012 at 4:38 PM
- AnonymousJune 24, 2012 at 2:41 AM
She has gone from this world. why do people say bad things about her now. i dont even know her or listen to her songs but who gives anyone the right to take someones life except allah. people have become animals and laugh at others whos lives have been destroyed. shame on all who talk crap about a dead person. what ever she did in her life she harmed no one and only allah swt is the judge of all man kind. let her rest in peace and may allah forgive her for her wrong doings and reward her for the gud she did in her life.ReplyDelete
ghazala death really upset me. God bless her. khuda zalim ko jahanam rasid kare.........pakistan the country of Islam but actions are unislamic at all. where there is no peace how we can proud to be a muslim even having no regards for our sisters. ghazala is really in my heart. she was the winer of millions of hearts. man from chitralReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 26, 2012 at 2:35 PM
God Bless You Ghazala javed as our friends mentioned you are in our Hearts and we will never forget you i love your all songs and sweet voice.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 27, 2012 at 12:01 AM
please don't comment on Ghazala Javed leave her to Allah, Allah is the judge and he is the owner of everything. May Allah forgive all our sins.and may Allah forgive Ghazala Javed!!! AmeenReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 27, 2012 at 11:50 AM
so sad, she will never come againReplyDelete
- AnonymousJune 30, 2012 at 2:56 PM
الله دی یی وبخښی، تل به یادیږیReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 1, 2012 at 2:07 PM
may allah 4give hr.she was not born 4 killing.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 1, 2012 at 2:13 PM
Allah un ki maghfirat ata farmai.aaminReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 1, 2012 at 2:21 PM
Riyan khanReplyDelete
Allah usay bakhsh day.Amin
- AnonymousJuly 2, 2012 at 1:01 PM
Allah us k gunah maaf karay ameen.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 3, 2012 at 1:49 PM
Ghazal Begium is not forgettable to the hearth loving people.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 6, 2012 at 8:34 AM
I know ghazala javed after death. I dnt know the whole story. Phr b lanat to un mardo par ho jo khud pehlay singing, dancing nd porn movies dekhtay hay or phr in k khilaf boltay b hay. Or hazzar lanat aisi mardangi par jis may qom ki lrkia aisay kam krti hay or is haal ko pohonchti hay. Kea ghazala ka koi bhai ni tha koi bara jo usay ye krnay na deta ya koi b. Poverty koi reason ni galat kam k leye. Us ne jo kea wo sb le k chali gae. Uska hisaab ho ga wo mar gae. Ap sb to zinda hay na apni fikr karay.ReplyDeleteReplies
- AnonymousJuly 6, 2012 at 11:07 PM
Well said! "Poverty koi reason ni galat kam k leye" they all could have committed succide. Also "Uska hisaab ho ga wo mar gae. Ap sb to zinda hay na apni fikr karay." you know what talking is free, otherwise no one would have said anything.Delete
- AnonymousJuly 10, 2012 at 5:17 PM
Hi all. Have anyone of you thought just for a minute whether she came herself to the world of sin or was brought by the the culprit sinner males. We have just words for criticism. We dont delve into the matter. So many muslim community of female has been used and compelled by affluent members i.e. males of society to committ sins.ReplyDelete
So its better to reform ouselves rather than criticizing others.
- AnonymousJuly 15, 2012 at 5:10 PM
ALLAH MAGHFIRAT FARMAYE..pukhtoon zinda bad...ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 20, 2012 at 4:50 PM
Don't sad on her becz she was a dancer as wel as singr.tht iz against the islam that a grl or wmen come out frm her house widout dupata and com to the stage b4 the camerz and a crwd of peplz....she has porn vedi0es,is ds right?f u pray.den pry 4 ur self.have u ever pray 4 ur parent or those who are killing in iraq,afghanistan,kashmir,palastine.they are fighting against the non muslimz.w6 iz cld jehad.shame to u all.be serius about ur family.what wil gazala do 4 u.no thing she cn't bring a janah 4 u.not pray 4 u.you all are crazy.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 25, 2012 at 6:20 PM
Plz talk nice about dead peopleReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 27, 2012 at 3:58 PM
My darling Ghazala sister I am from Afghanistan but when I heard your Shihadat along with your father I was really sad I had a meeting on that day during meeting we present special pray for you Allah bless u rest of soul and Allah give you Janatil firdos Ameen. I also request for next generation to stop Ghazala songs and pray for the rest of her soul by Doctor Agha Jan Bashar DostReplyDelete
- Noorul wahabJuly 28, 2012 at 3:39 PM
no anyone talks about her personal life.now she is dead and was muslim.hundred people tells she is good.allah padon himReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 2, 2012 at 12:28 AM
alas u r dead sooooooooo sad never to see u again heart felt feelings to all who liked her and also 2 all those who dislike her b'coz they could not get her so they call her bitch allah ap sab ko maf kare plz no more against a dead person this is un-islamic she is alone in her grave . one day it is going 2 haappen with me and u when we will be alone in the grave /////////////////////no bros n sister no mentors wil help us but allahReplyDelete
i just came to know about u n ur death u were a singer in islam i think there is prohibition on singing but whatever being muslim i pray for ur peace in jannat ul firdous ammeeennn.ReplyDelete
God Bless You Ghazala javed you are in my Heart and i will never forget you i love your all songs and sweet voice.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousFebruary 26, 2013 at 9:09 PM
ghazala javed is more famous singer becuase all the afghan people like here song to much :she has beautiful vice and good soundReplyDelete
when i was free from the work i was hear her songs more and
more but unopprotunitly she was death god bless her
- AnonymousFebruary 19, 2014 at 5:22 PM
May her soul rest in peace. She will always b alive in our hearts nd thoughts .really she war a v.v.beautiful nd cute women . I really love hr frm depth of my heart.ReplyDelete
Ghazala javed live in my heart really I miss you ghazalaReplyDelete


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A leading British medical journal has released a report slamming the increasing demand for "designer vaginas" and warning that plastic surgery to the female genitals carries a risk of decreased sexual response. Fueling the demand for such procedures? Unrealistic images of female genitalia in pornography, women's magazines, and... the fashion industry.
Patients who sought genitoplasty "uniformly" wanted their vulvas to be flat and with no protrusion, similar to the prepubescent look of girls in Western fashion ads, they found.
The fashion industry can be blamed for many crimes against women, but plastic vaginas? We don't think so. Unless, of course, designer Tom Ford has some sort of collaboration with Mattel in the works.
Top Medical Journal Blasts "Designer Vagina" Craze [Breitbart]
Designer Vagina Surgery Growing Because Of Porn [Bloomberg]
Earlier: Pimp My Vadge
Related: Prank Call To Barbie, Part 2 [Zug]


text:
As NASA's Director of Space Technology Programs, Michael Gazarik contributes to the development of technology that can be applied to NASA's exploration systems, space operations, and science missions. Gazarik integrates and tracks all investments across the agency. Prior to this appointment, he served as the Chief Technologist at NASA headquarters.
NASA Tech Briefs: The NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts, or NIAC, program is seeking proposals for revolutionary ideas that have the potential to transform future aerospace missions. What kinds of ideas are we talking about?
Michael Gazarik: NIAC is one of our most exciting programs. We have ten programs that cover a broad range of technology development. This is a program that actually ran for a number of years and then went dormant. Last year, we resurrected it, got it up and running again, and we're looking at advanced concepts that will someday enable us to do great things in exploration and exploring the universe. They range from new and advanced power systems, to new types of propulsion, to ways to protect our astronauts from radiation.
NTB: What is your role in that program?
Gazarik: As space technology program director, I oversee the day-to-day management of all of the ten programs. Each of the ten programs, including NIAC, then has a program executive who runs the day-to-day management. I look and provide guidance and steering, and the selecting of officials, for the programs.
NIAC, like many of our programs, involve competition. We look for the best ideas throughout NASA and throughout industry, and we need to run a very clean, thorough, open, and honest evaluation system so we pick in a very fair way the best ideas and move them forward.
The other part of my job — once the ideas have matured and we see some advanced concepts — is to go to the next phase: How can they be integrated into a future mission or application, or how can we get them out to industry? And so we use those other programs in space technology to do that.
NTB: This second call for proposals follows last summer's inaugural selection of Phase I concepts, which are now under study. How do you handle all of these ideas? How do you sharpen those? What is the process?
Gazarik: We had an overwhelming response last year. We had over 700 proposals to the NIAC call. For budgetary considerations, we were able to pick 30. There were many more we wish we could've selected. This year then is our second call for content. That call is actually open right now, and we're planning to do this on a yearly basis.
NTB: Who can help? Who are you looking for these ideas from?
Gazarik: We are looking across the community: academia, NASA centers, and industry. It's open to anyone to solicit and propose their ideas.
NTB: What are some examples of the most creative ideas that you've seen?
Gazarik: There are a number of those, and we have them on our website, which has a great description of them. One of them is a very innovative suit that would help to better manipulate and operate in microgravity. It's a very advanced suit that perhaps future astronauts could wear. That's just one. Others are also looking at, kind of right out of science fiction, a tractor beam: the ability to grab particles remotely using optical wavelengths of light and actually being able to acquire that sample. The applications range considerably. There are also ones that look at battery energy: trying to get energy from bacteria and looking for alternative sources of energy.


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Faculty Resources
From eLearning
Many instructors use eLearning to provide online content and resources for their traditional face-to-face courses or to teach hybrid courses or 100% online. Course spaces are automatically created for every course offered at the college. See the eLearning Policies and Procedures area for more information.
Faculty are encouraged to visit the Technology and Learning blog for Blackboard Learn tutorials, links, and resources.
Blackboard itself has created a full set of YouTube videos for faculty
Interested in teaching online? Learn more about the BCC course development process.
VoiceThread allows faculty to easily create voice-over presentations (similar to voice-over PowerPoints), and/or to create video introductions, mini-lectures, or a voice-based discussion board. VoiceThread is also a great tool for online student presentations! VoiceThread is fully integrated into Blackboard so faculty should go into their Blackboard space to create or link to a VoiceThread they've created. Faculty and students can also access VoiceThread directly by logging in with their accessBCC username at password at http://bristolcc.voicethread.com or through using the VoiceThread app.
Faculty and students are able to easily include audio files into their eLearning course spaces through the use of
Working with Audio and Video
We encourage the use of private YouTube channels for faculty due to the accessibility features of YouTube. YouTube allows the content creator (you!) to reserve rights to content and allows the creator (again, you!) to manage your content on your own time. One of the main benefits of YouTube is the automatic transcription and captioning process that can be applied to every video with recognizable speech. The Center for Instructional Technology Expertise (CITE lab) can show you how to edit the automatic captions to ensure that they are correct and/or how to upload your own transcription file to go with your video.
It is important that eLearning course spaces and the content contained within are accessible to students with disabilities. Learn more about accessibility and how to ensure you are providing content that can be accessed by students with alternative learning styles.
Working with PowerPoint Files
Many instructors upload PowerPoint presentations to their eLearning course spaces. However, not all students have PowerPoint (though a viewer is available) and some have difficulty accessing the files due to file size (if you have a dial-up connection, downloading a 2MB PowerPoint file takes a long time...)
We highly recommend posting PowerPoint files in Office 365 and then linking to them from within your course space. View this tutorial to learn more.
How to connect to Pearson MyLabs through your Blackboard Course Shell
Are you using a Pearson Mastering or MyLabs product? It's easy to link your Blackboard course to your Pearson account so that students can use their accessBCC username and password to access the Pearson content. Linking accounts makes it MUCH EASIER to troubleshoot student log-on issues and for us to locally help students who are having issues. Below are three YouTube videos that explain the linking process. If you have questions contact the CITE lab!
Detecting plagiarism
SafeAssign is a plagiarism detection tool that is built right into eLearning. Faculty and students can access it directly through individual course spaces.
When a paper is submitted, SafeAssign searches for textual matches against a comprehensive web-based database and other sources. An originality report is then generated. Both the instructor and the student can view the report and determine if plagiarism has occurred.
Many instructors use SafeAssign as a way for students to check their own papers before they are submitted for grading. Others use it to verify all submitted work.
Copyright Considerations
As you prepare to utilize materials in your face-to-face or online courses it is important to make sure that you adhere to copyright and intellectual property guidelines as specified by Fair Use, the TEACH Act, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and other applicable laws.
A great place to start is to view Copyright on Campus - a video created by the Copyright Clearance Center.
Below are a number of helpful links dealing with copyright issues:
- The Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Media Literacy Education
- Is it protected by Copyright? Try the digital slider and find out!
- The Campus Guide to Copyright Compliance
- Creative Commons
- Fair Use in Academic and Research Libraries
- Managing Fair Use on Campus: The Online Academic Administrator's Dilemma
You can also view a video created by Cindy Poore-Pariseau to learn about copyright and disabilities.
If you have questions about Copyright contact your Divisional library liaison.
Contact the CITE lab
If you have additional questions or would like one-on-one assistance with any of the technologies mentioned above please contact the Center for Instructional Technology Expertise (CITE) by calling (508) 678-2811 x2081. You are welcome to schedule an appointment or you can drop in to A208 on the Fall River campus or room 316 on the New Bedford campus during our regularly scheduled hours.


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Phil Anselmo Offers Down Fans In-Depth Look Into Next EP
Heavy metal supergroup Down, led by ex-Pantera vocalist Phil Anselmo, have unveiled some very in-depth details about their upcoming EP. Since 2008, the band has been working on a ton of new music, which will materialize in the form of four separate EPs.
Alongside Anselmo is Corrosion of Conformity guitarist Pepper Keenan and Crowbar members Kirk Windstein on guitar, Pat Bruders manning the four-string and Jimmy Bower on drums.
Anselmo gave fans the inside scoop for the first EP in the series via Down's official Facebook page:
Before I say anything, I will say this. On this — and in the past — I write to basically give an outline and let the listener garner for themselves how they want to apply their own rules and regulations to the track. For me, I find one of the biggest realities of life is that no two men, no two cultures, no two belief systems are really the same.
There's a lot lyrically where I'm kind of at odds with mankind's relationship with mankind. . . I guess it's more simple to say than ever doing it, such is history, but these days instead of ruffling feathers, I much prefer… put it this way, I'd rather have friends than enemies, any day. It's easy to make an enemy. It's easy to be negative. It's very easy to slip into that, but it's very tough to come with love.
All you have to do is open up a newspaper and you can see for yourself, man. Right here in my own city, people are killed every day. Me, as a person, there's no way I could sleep at night if I'd done any of those things. It makes me wonder: what the f— are those people thinking? There is this thug worship that has led a lot of promising youngsters down a terrible path, a sometimes irreversible path. You take somebody's life, as an adult, you're 16 years old and you're fucked. I guess when I sat down to write this record, that's where my head was at.
No official name or release date for the EP has been made public. Down have also released the track listing for the yet-unnamed EP in no particular order.
Tracklisting for Upcoming Down EP
The Misfortune Teller
The Curse Is A Lie
Open Coffins
This Work Is Timeless


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I have 12 GB worth of files (mp3) that I want to burn to CD-Rs. Is there software that's smart enough to automatically spread these files across multiple CD-Rs until all files have been burned? I have tried Nero but it said there's not enough free space.
NOTE: Forgot to mention that the platform is Windows


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We had dinner with our friends, then trick or treated together. It's so much better as a mob. Fiona stayed and handed out candy, Rowan and Saoirse were out for a half hour or so. Rowan loved the ghost costume, but it was really a disaster. She couldn't see well, it slipped all over. Chris was all...well, it worked in Charlie Brown. Yeah, maybe the fact that they were cartoons helped. I guess the fact that she liked it and got to be what she said she wanted is what counts.
Halloween 2010
Posted by Gwen Papp Monday, November 1, 2010 at 9:54 AM
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The next time you contemplate abandoning Evergreen for a restorative weekend somewhere cool and green and busting with local color, hang the car keys back on their hook and contemplate this — shoals of discriminating day-trippers from the Front Range and beyond have already done the math, and they're coming to the heart of Evergreen.
"If you look at the percentages, the majority of people downtown on the weekend are from out of town," says Janice Stutters, board member of the Evergreen Downtown Business Association.
The curtains have closed on the seven screens at Evergreen's Bergen Park 7.
The theaters, which had been part of the community for 17 years, showed their last movies on Sunday.
Owner AMC Theaters has been trying to sell the 19,370-square-foot structure and the 2½ acres of land for the past several months.
Nearby business owners and patrons are disappointed in its closure but also know that many Evergreen residents are going down the hill to see movies or renting from online movie companies.
A new ownership group has taken over the El Rancho Restaurant and totally revamped the menu and the service side. The owners have added extended happy hours, six more TVs in the bar area and cleaned the carpets twice.
The spacious dining room, which seats 163, now has tablecloths and fabric napkins, but the antler chandeliers, log walls, stone fireplace, rustic charm and western artifacts, such as Kiowa leather chaps, remain unchanged.
Fresh ingredients in breakfasts and lunches plus a variety of wines inspired the name for the new restaurant in Kittredge: From the Vine Market and Eatery.
Located in a 1,300-square-foot building just west of Comfortable Home on Highway 74, the restaurant has been open about a month with great success, according to owner Kathleen Johnson.
Johnson and her husband, Dan, own and operate Comfortable Home, and they decided to add a restaurant to their repertoire. They want the restaurant to be known for its fresh, fast food.
Real estate is still a buyer's market these days, but the picture is beginning to look a bit brighter for sellers than it did in 2008 and 2009, when the average price of a house in Evergreen/Conifer dropped 3 percent and 14 percent, respectively.
In this case the term "brighter" refers to the perception that the worst of the housing downturn is probably over, and that prices have hit bottom and are slowly starting to come back after the bursting of the nation's real-estate bubble. But many factors still are holding back the housing market.
The time was right for two friends to open a restaurant together on Main Street in downtown Evergreen.
Kitchen at the Creek has been open for almost two weeks, offering American cuisine with a French influence. The restaurant is open for dinner six days a week, with menu items including seafood, pizza, pasta, steak and chicken ranging in price from $10 to $16. There are also gluten-free and vegetarian menus.
Evergreen is getting a new Mexican restaurant at the end of March.
Tequila's Family Mexican Restaurant is moving into the space vacated by Fiesta Jalisco in the Marketplace at Bergen Park.
Owner Rodrigo Sanchez has four other restaurants in the Denver area, and he will add Evergreen to the list as soon as the restaurant's liquor license is approved.
Why would a new furniture store in Bergen Park be named 7801 Home Furnishings?
Because Bergen Park's elevation is 7,801 feet, of course.
That's the name that owner Richard Schaefer came up with for his store, which opened in mid-December.
The store in Bergen Village has packed beautiful new furniture, accessories, paintings and home-decorating gifts into a small space. Schaefer says customers can buy items off the floor or order custom-made items.
A new name and a short move are in the works for Caffe di Lucca.
The coffee shop, which bills itself as the "Cheers" of Evergreen, will soon be called EverBean, and in April it will move three doors down to the eastern end of the Lakepoint Center.
It's time for some changes for the coffee shop, according to owner Cheryl Pankonien, who with her husband, Alan, bought the shop in September 2010. The Pankoniens want to make the shop their own.
A couple with ambition, imagination and a healthy supply of entrepreneurial instinct have purchased the historic Brook Forest Inn and are determined to turn it into a destination hotel, restaurant and wedding venue.
Jon and Melissa Barton of Barrington, Ill., 41 and 40, became the new owners of the national historic location on Aug. 9 and immediately closed it for two months and began a massive kitchen renovation.
Copyright © 2019
Canyon Courier is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Evergreen, Colo, and the surrounding area.


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Here you'll find the challenges you seek, in the settings you prefer, with schedules to fit your life.
As one of America's "10 Best Integrated Healthcare Systems," MultiCare includes a fast-paced trauma center, four community hospitals, a pediatric hospital, home health, hospice and many neighborhood clinics. Employees also appreciate that we are a locally based not-for-profit system.
If you're motivated by career advancement, you'll appreciate our world-class employee education programs. If you love to work with technology, you'll find plenty of it here. And, of course, you can expect competitive pay and benefits.
And, most of all, you'll get to work with a diverse, talented team of employees who share our commitment to quality patient care.
Sonya, RN
Mary Bridge Children's Hospital
"When I'm not working, I spend time with family and friends, take walks and meditate. Mary Bridge has a very friendly staff who helps one another, our patients and their families. I serve on our Shared Governance Council, Clinical Practice Council and also take classes to continue my education"


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My lecture that you will hear below exposes the Jew Communist Sovietizing of the United States. Allow yourself to get out of the present Communist Political, and religious box and listen to the truth for once. I'm sure you'll be able to put the pieces together. Please advise others to come and listen to this extremely important information concerning the destruction of our country from within.
Dr. James P. Wickstrom
"The Sovietizing of America"
14 April 2003
Part One
The Jew and Black Communist Movement in the U.S.
The DVD has been divided into 6 parts of approximately 16 minutes each. These are .mp4's and are full quality videos that are suitable for building new DVD's.
Click Link Below
The Black and Jew Communist Movement in the U.S.


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Contribution to global warming by Australia. Australia has one of the highest per capita emissions of carbon dioxide in the world, with 0.3% of the world's population it produces 1.4% and rising(not the .08% the finders forum dope "Inhere" claims!) of the world's greenhouse gases. Australia also has the highest per capita emissions in the OECD, with 26 tonnes of greenhouse gasses being emitted per person every year.
Australia's C02 emissions rise for the 4th year in a row.
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Seth MacFarlane told IESB.net about the upcoming "Empire" themed parody episode of "Family Guy." Giant Chicken is Boba Fett.
"The Giant Chicken�'¢â'¬â"¢s fights with Peter parody Hollywood action films and usually cause huge amounts of damage to the city and can last upwards of 7 minutes."
Boba Fett was recently in a parody episode of Robot Chicken, which was a Seth Green project.
Giant Chicken vs. Peter video clipshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3Qq30cQt-o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Q8IzBZX3oU
Fan Reactions
- "I am reasonably giddy. That should be nothing short of hilarious." -- cujo


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To learn all about Nerium AD go to Independent Brand Partner LASplash.Nerium.com
The Anti-Aging breakthrough is called Nerium AD and comes from the Nerium Oleander through a patent pending extraction process.
Results will vary, but this lady used the product 90 days.
Let's start with the word REAL – it is the foundation of the greatest story for your face that does not include a prescription, changed habits, surgery, needles or a big expense.
It is REAL and the untouched 'Before and After' pictures being sent in by average people are filling the virtual galleries of this runaway company. It started at the highest level of a biotechnology research program and resulted in as the title of the story says... an accidental breakthrough now drawing thousands of people to learn about Nerium and try it for themselves.
Nerium AD, is the answer for skin issues none of us escape. Over time our aging; sagging skin, wrinkles, crapes, enlarged pores, dark circles, age and sunspots, thinning transparency and dull tone… happen.
The night cream is safe and works on all skin types with a verifiable effectiveness averaging at 30% and higher as compared to pricey cosmetics producing only 5% improvement in the appearance of fine lines.
The body is naturally restoring while we sleep. The Nerium night cream does not work on the surface like other 'cosmetics,' the biotech patent pending formula works at the cellular level. There are live enzymes in there so it's bottled with a light and airtight pump. The oxygen and blood flow is higher, so where you use the product it's promoting healthier skin developing from the inside out.
You definitely have to take a 'before picture' so you can appreciate the results.
2003, a major university did research on a variety of Oleander called the Nerium. While searching for a skin cancer treatment, the trial patients reported a curious delight and said- 'Hey just look at my skin!" Yes, the areas being treated with the biotech formula saw marked improvement in appearance. More like- the outcome was staggering.
When the Science met the Global Market Strategy, the need for superior leadership was clear so that regular people would not be left out. Surrounded by attorneys and market specialists, they sorted through all the issues and designed their approach.
The Biotech Firm knew it found something incalculably special, worth billions. Enough to fund research into the future if they structured a partnership. Fast forward… because sorry, it just took several years to do this right. Making it by the way, available to you and me at a very reasonable price, in fact as I said, risk free with a money back guarantee. You can buy retail at $110 or as a preferred customer equal to a wholesale cost of $80. Beyond that- If you refer 3 people as preferred customers, yours is FREE. Free is good.
The science will circle the globe, but don't think the plant in your back yard will yield anything beyond a pretty bouquet. The plant itself is listed as poisonous, but like many others, it may produce medical benefits. My statement to you is this, there is only one way to get this product and that is through Independent Brand Partners. LASplash.Nerium.com. From growth to production, scientists in lab coats oversee restricted access biotech fields of Oleanders. They employ special irrigation; good bugs fight bad bugs, perfect soil recipes, angled planting and tested constantly for the exact timing of patent pending by-annual extraction processes. From there- the levels of secrecy multiply.
It's been REAL,
Kathie Turner
Feel free to call with any questions 323 650 0084


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Kaiteriteri - a national treasure
Thanks to local farmer Syd Rowling and generations after him, Kaiteriteri remains affordable and accessible to all.
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Kaiteriteri is one of New Zealand's most popular seaside playgrounds. It's no wonder. Few spots boast such natural beauty and accessibility to a wide range of recreational activities as well as proximity to one of the country's most sunny national parks.
Add to this a wealth of visitor facilities, and you've got a place that knows exactly what it's there for – fun in the sun.
Its destiny could have been quite different. Back in 1841, the New Zealand Company eyed-up the bay for a colonial town, but settled upon Nelson instead. It remained under the radar for the following 75 or so years, until it coming to the attention of local farmer Syd Rowling.
The story goes that he could afford either a shiny new Model T Ford or the 136 acres spanning both Kaiteriteri and Honeymoon Bays. Of course cars never hold their value, anyway…
Syd toiled the soil for a good ten years, before ditching the apple orchards in favour of campground ownership.
He started out by leasing out land and tents for informal camping. Demand soon grew, prompting him to set aside 12 acres near the beach as a public domain and in 1936 the Kaiteriteri Domain Board was formed.
This sealed its fate, preserving for the enjoyment of the masses. Now known as the Kaiteriteri Recreation Reserve, almost 260 hectares of land is set aside for the public, with the campground still at its core.
Kaiteriteri is one of the three key gateways to Abel Tasman National Park, and for much of the year the bay buzzes with water taxis and fleet of kayakers paddling in and out.
However, there are hordes of holidaymakers who come just to hang out at this stunning beach. Rich golden sand makes it picture perfect, especially when populated with sun-kissed visitors – sun-bathing, swimming and zipping across the water on skis or a biscuit.
The creek outflow at the southern end with its friendly shallows provides lots of fun for the wee ones.
Syd could never have envisaged today's facilities, which include a playground, mini-golf, café, boat ramp, takeaways and a well-stocked shop.
But these are just some of the ingredients that cook-up Kaiteri's great holidays, and I'm sure he'd have been rightly proud.
The modern-day motor camp is a whopper, covering almost 12 acres directly over the road from the beach. At full capacity, 1800 people are spread throughout 437 sites and 17 cabins.
Sure, that's pretty busy, but for those of us that revel in the neighbourly vibe of a well-packed campground – and that's me, ever since I started caravanning here in the early 1980s – Kaiteriteri's a classic of the kind.
These good times are the result of good management, for which Rob Guild and his team can take credit.
The term 'continuous improvement' springs to mind, because when we visited plans were underway to further improve the park's layout and renovate the shop. Oh, and what was that digger doing with a fridge/freezer in its shovel? 'Delivering it to S46', replied the driver.
Innovative as ever, staff will store your fridge for next summer's stay, hire one out to you if needed. What a great idea! Whatever will they think of next?
You're well advised to book ahead during peak times, but the off season is a great time to visit, too. The crowds have gone and the summer bustle is replaced by peace and relative solitude.
There's still heaps to do though: head into the Abel Tasman, on foot, by boat or kayak and you can feel like you've got the whole place to yourself. Paradise.
Those with two wheels should check out the Kaiteriteri Mountain Bike Park, a fantastic new facility developed by keen local bikers, DOC and Recreation Reserve people.
Fifteen kilometres of inter-linking tracks – with more planned for the future – cater for all grades of riders.
Don't fret if you can't bring your bike as you can hire one nearby from Kimi Ora Lodge. The park's a good place to stretch your legs, too, with magnificent views across the bay.
So, hats off to Syd and the generations after him who have held on to the dream. Kaiteriteri's a national treasure that remains accessible and affordable for all.
Kaiteriteri Beach Motor Camp, Kaiteriteri


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How two dying dogs taught life lessons to Denver attorney
Doug Koktavy, a Denver area attorney, thought he could control life's problems with the right plan and hard work.
His two black Labrador retrievers, Beezer and Boomer, taught him lessons he'll never forget.
The dogs, adopted as litter-mates, died about two years apart – Beezer first, of kidney disease, then Boomer of bone cancer.
Koktavy, divorced after adopting the dogs, dealt alone with the final days of the pair, whom he regarded as his canine brothers. And he did it while running a successful home-based practice.
When Beezer was sick, Koltavy relentlessly searched for solutions but found few. He obsessed about losing his best friend and felt guilty that he somehow wasn't doing enough.
Beezer, however, continued to enjoy every moment he had left with his human pal, taking pleasure in even the smallest of things.
When Boomer got sick two years after his sibling died, Koktavy had learned to spend more time "in the moment." Every day became the pursuit of one adventure, one time of having fun while they could still do it together.
Koktavy now knows that, at the begiinning of his ordeal, he was suffering from something called "anticipatory grief." It was the kind of grief that robbed you of today while you feared tomorrow.
Gradually, with the help of his dogs, he says he learned that "fear lives in the future, guilt lives in the past (and) nothing bad ever happens in the present."
He believes that his dogs knew they were dying and did not fear it.
Koktavy has put his experiences into a new book, "The Legacy of Beezer and Boomer: Lessons on Living and Dying from My Canine Brothers." It goes into national distribution this week after being available locally.
This is no cute-dog story, nor is it a "doggoir". It is a remembrance full of pain and joy. It is likely to make readers cry and smile.
Most importantly, it is a roadmap of how one man learned to deal with the fact that his closest friends were dying, how to share their final days with peace and dignity and to build as many good memories with them as their remaining time would allow.
He is donating a portion of book sales to animal welfare groups.
"There are many books about grief of a scholarly nature," Koktavy said in a recent interview. "But this is my story about what I went through."
And what he went through was a transforming experience, Koktavy says.
"As legal Doug, I live in truth. I'm in control. But that offered little help when my dogs were dying," he said. "I got pretty good at sharing communication with my dogs. I could look in their eyes and began to hear them in my heart. I learned to trust that."
Has he run into skeptism from those who don't believe in such human/animal communication?
"There's all kinds of things with animals we can't explain," Koktavy answered. "When the Asian tsunami was happening, people ran to the ocean to see it going backwards. The animals headed to higher ground."
He also cites the case of Oscar, a cat that seems to have a knack for predicting when patients in a Providence, R.I., nursing home are going to die, by curling up next to them during their final hours. His accuracy, observed in 25 cases, has led the staff to call family members once he has chosen someone. It usually means they have less than four hours to live.
"Why couldn't somebody have a talent for communicating with animals?" he asks. "When you get into things you can't prove, the skeptics really go to town."
Koktavy said he has been "really blessed" to have his book win awards "in different areas, which shows how unusal the book is."
The book has been honored by the Colorado Independent Publishers Association, Eric Hoffer Book Awards and Next Generation Indie Book Awards, among others.
Part of the proceeds from the book, which will soon be available at Barnes & Noble and Amazon.com, will go to non-profit animal welfare organizations as part of a program Koktavy calls the B Brothers Project. For information: www.BeezerAndBoomer.com.
For the greyhounds – Friends of Retired Greyhounds, a non-profit, volunteer-run organization, will hold its first annual 3K, charity dog walk, Dogs in the Park, at E.B. Rains Jr. Memorial Park in Northglenn on Sunday, June 27, at 10 a.m. Funds raised will help place retired greyhounds into responsible homes. Contact: Friendsofretiredgreyhounds.org.
Birthday bargain – Rocky Mountain Alley Cat Alliance (RMACA), celebrates the first birthday of The Feline Fix – a high volume spay/neuter cat clinic – all summer through a "Beat the Heat" campaign. Cat guardians will receive $5 off surgery ($35 for tame cats; $20 for feral cats) if they mention "Beat the Heat" when making their reservation. Reservations can be made via phone at 303.202.3516 or via email at email@example.com.
Reach John Davidson at email@example.com


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Emrey Katen Williams
Saturday, April 3, 2010
Clinton and Robin Williams, of Nevada, Mo., and big sister Jacey, are proud to announce the birth of their daughter and baby sister Emrey Katen Williams.
Emrey was born at 9:52 a.m., on Feb. 25, 2010, at Mercy Health Center, Fort Scott, Kan. She weighed 6 pounds, 13 ounces, and measured 20.25 inches.
Maternal grandparents are Russ and Marian Erwin of Nevada, Mo. Maternal great-grandparents are Gerry McKee, of Stockton, Mo.; Jo and Bill Erwin, Sr., of Nevada, Mo., and Maurice and Charlotte Cundiff, of Lamar, Mo.
Paternal grandparents are Ron and Judy Maus, of Schell City, Mo., and Don Williams, of Blue Mound, Kan.


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350 Million Barrels: Why Food Waste Matters
When I worked for an outdoor school program in Oregon, we taught sixth graders about aquatic life and geology, about botany and wild animals. We took them hiking and sang around the campfire. But after each day in the field ended, we taught them about food waste. It may have been the most important lesson of each week.
At each meal, we told students that they should only take what they would really eat from the communal serving dishes. You can always take seconds, we reminded them. Anything left on the serving plates could be reused, either incorporated into a future recipe or served as a late-night snack for staff. But once it was on somebody's personal plate, it either got eaten or became compost.
David Biello recently wrote in Scientific American that Americans waste over a quarter of all of our food.
It takes about 1.4 billion barrels of oil to grow, harvest, preserve, package and transport the U.S. food supply. So wasting food means wasting energy. How much? A study published in this month's issue of the journal Environmental Science and Technology found out: roughly 350 million barrels of oil.
I can't decide if this makes me angry or sad or both. Serious Eaters: what efforts can we make to reduce food waste at home?
This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Serious Eats. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.


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Tagged With: 지각하다
학교에 관한 상급 단어들 (Advanced School Vocab)
Podcast 6: Advanced School Vocab. (Hard) In today's lesson, we'll be taking a look at words related to school life. At first blush, you may, from the topic, assume that this is going to be an easy post, but I guarantee these ain't your beginner's school words. I suppose at some point I'd better … Continue reading
Advanced School-related Vocabulary [ 12:38 ] Play Now | Play in Popup | Download (1976)
Categories: All Levels, Level 4, Level 5, Level 6 Tags: absent, Basic Korean, easy Korean, free Korean lectures, Korean expressions, Korean language, Korean phrases, learning Korean, tardy, to get expelled, to get suspended, 등교하다, 정학당하다, 지각하다, 퇴학당하다, 하교하다 3 Comments


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Colourful new football boot collection celebrates Brazil´s most iconic tradition – adidas is proud to unveil Carnaval Pack: a series of sleekly designed football boots inspired by Carnaval; the festival that brings millions of people to Brazil every year.
Brazilians and tourists flocked to Rio de Janeiro over the weekend to enjoy the most famous festival in the world, and adidas has taken inspiration from the feathers and ticker tape by producing a special collection of boots colourful enough to grace any stage.
The Carnaval Pack features a blend of colours for each of its four main silos, which follow the colourways devised for the Samba pack in November. Thenitrocharge™ is an all pink boot with a stunning blue paving pattern on the heel. The predator® is all blue featuring a distinctive green on the back. The 11pro is green with a striking orange patterned heel and the adizero™ f50 is all orange with a vibrant pink on the back.
All shoes feature a reflective treatment on the surface of the boot, designed to catch the light and spread it like Carnaval ticker tape on pitch. The feather design on the heel of each boot takes reference from the famous Carnaval costumes and completes each Brazilian inspired design.
Romain Girard, Designer, adidas Football said: "For the Carnaval Pack we wanted to make sure we brought all the freshness and excitement of the Brazilian Carnaval to the boots. Regardless of the individual features each boot has, they all connected together and were effectively part of a pack, and with the Carnaval pack we feel we have achieved this."
The Carnaval Pack is available from today for purchase in selected adidas retail outlets, associated stockists and via www.adidas.com/football. Join the adidas football conversation at www.facebook.com/adidasfootballor on Twitter: @adidasfootball #allin or nothing.


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Last-minute shoppers trade their clunkers for cash on new cars as Stark County dealerships. Now the government needs to reimburse dealers hurting for cash.
The Cash for Clunkers auto program almost ended in a crash Monday — a computer crash.
It was the end of a rewarding and frustrating time for many auto dealers, but that meant little to the shoppers looking for 11th-hour deals.
Carrie Matthews of Hartville was at the Waikem Hyundai dealership, negotiating for an Accent that has a combined city/highway rating of 29 miles per gallon.
Cash for Clunkers is the federal program that offered buyers rebates of $3,500 or $4,500 for trading in older cars for new, higher-mileage models. It's a combination of economic stimulus and environmental stewardship.
For Matthews, the program enabled her to trade in her 1999 Ford Explorer, with 149,000 miles and gas mileage that is "not good." She estimates it costs her $20 per round trip to Akron City Hospital, where she is a nurse.
"The money I'll be saving in gas alone will pay for the car payment," she said.
She was a last-minute shopper because didn't think she qualified, but her brother called her late last week and told her, "I think you may have a clunker."
She started shopping Saturday.
The Hyundai is a lot smaller than the Explorer, but that's not a problem.
"My daughters are grown. They have their own cars," she said. "They don't need me to haul them around anymore."
She said getting into a new car was just about a necessity. "My brother's like, 'You've got to get there today because I'm not fixing that Explorer one more time,' " she said.
The majority of area auto dealers cut off clunker deals last week, either because they were out of inventory or because they were worried that the government computer would cause processing problems — or both.
All deals were supposed to be completed and processed by 8 p.m. Monday. But by 4 p.m., the Car Allowance Rebate System (C.A.R.S. is the official name for the program) announced that dealers would have until noon Tuesday to get paperwork processed.
The 8 p.m. Monday was still the cutoff for sales.
"We cut it off last Thursday," when the Monday deadline was announced, said Brad Black, owner of Downtown Ford Lincoln Mercury. He was worried about getting his deals processed.
"We've been trying to put deals in since last Friday," he said. He has managed to get 72 of his 73 deals through the government's Web site.
"We can't even get in now," he said Monday afternoon. "The computer's crashed right now."
Spitzer Chevrolet General Manager Kevin Spitzer said his dealership did one clunker deal Monday, but it was for a buyer who was there late Saturday. "We wanted to make sure that we got in all the ones we had done previously.
"The way things have gone, I didn't want to take any chances."
Christopher Weisent of Green was picking up a Hyundai Elantra on Monday that he bargained for at Waikem Saturday — his first day of shopping. The transmission went out on his 1999 Dodge Ram pickup that got about 9 miles per gallon, he said.
The Elantra gets mileage somewhere in the 30s, and Weisent said that will come in handy, "now that I've got a girlfriend in Cleveland."
James Kling, executive director of the Greater Stark County Area Dealers Association, said the government's handling of the programs was "crazy, plain and simple.
"The lifeblood of any dealership is cash flow," he said. "If they can't maintain it, they will sink and die."
Because of delays in getting approvals, "dealers are in a world of hurt with this thing," Kling said.
Chip Waikem said his family's business still was making deals Monday "because we're crazy. We sell cars. That's what we do."
His brother, Doug, said the business was waiting on $1.4 million in payments from the program. It has received about $100,000.
On the upside, he believes Waikem Motors, which carries the Hyundai, Kia, Honda and Subaru brands, set a dealership sales record for Stark County this month. The old mark was 170.
"We sold 254 and may end up at 300," he said. "The program was a huge success at getting low-mileage cars off the road."
But he said the program, "functionally, from the very beginning ... was a disaster" with computer problems and multiple rule changes that involved which cars qualified, title transfers, destruction of cars and the paperwork- submission process.
"The government couldn't run a simple rebate program," he said.
Dan Sanders, owner of Progressive Chevrolet and Progressive Dodge, ran out of qualified Dodge products, but was still making Chevrolet deals Monday afternoon.
"It's crazy out here," he said. "Our problem is the system is logjammed."
Sanders said they managed to put three deals through and "tried a fourth, and we got blown out of the system."
He has sold about 90 cars through the program and had been paid about $90,000 out of $600,000 to $700,000 owed.
The dealership was so busy Saturday that customers were given numbers and bottled water. "We didn't have enough salespeople to handle it all," he said. "I've never seen it like this."
Black has been paid for only one of the 73 deals Downtown has made under the program.
"It was fun while it lasted," he said.
Canton Repository


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Halfords Wisbech Contact Number 0843 504 9402
Need to call Halfords in Wisbech? Give the customer service team a call on 0843 504 9402.
This number will reroute you through our call forwarding service to the Halfords Wisbech call center staff who will be more than happy to help with all enquiries.
Common Reasons To Contact Halfords Wisbech:
- To find the location of your local Halfords store in Wisbech.
- To trace a specific product which is not available online or in your local store.
- To apply for a job at the Wisbech Halfords branch or find out more about the application process.
- To make a complaint about a product or member of staff in the Wisbech branch.
- To report a misplaced or delayed order.
Whatever your reason you can contact Halfords on the contact number listed above.
Wisbech Halfords Contact Number:
|Contact Halfords
|Wisbech Halfords Contact Number
|0843 504 9402
|Wisbech Halfords Helpline
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|0843 504 9402
Halfords Wisbech Complaints:
If you want to file a complaint against poor services of Halfords Wisbech, you can also send a letter to the Halfords customer complaint address:
|Head Office
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Halfords Group plc,
Washford West,
|Opening Hours
|Head Office
|Monday to Friday 8am until 7pm
Please mention in your contact details so that the customer service members can contact you on your mentioned address or contact number as soon as possible.
Telephone Number For Halfords Wisbech: 0843 504 9402
Contact the Wisbech Halfords Store: 0843 504 9402
Halfords Wisbech General Information:
Halfords Wisbech was originally founded as an ironmongery wholesaler in 1892. Several years later, in 1902, the store moved to Halford Street in Leicester, began selling cycling products and was renamed as Halfords. By 1931, there were over 200 Halfords stores and 300 by 1968.
In 2004, the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange. By 2007, the company had its sights set on Europe, opening a store in a village near Prague. Later, more stores were opened in Central Europe- the company's reasoning for this is that the roads there are slightly older, so the people living there would be more open to maintaining their cars themselves by purchasing parts. However, the Central Europe stores were closed in 2010.
There are two units of business: Halfords Retail and Halfords Autocentres. There are over 450 Halfords stores across the UK with 22 stores in the Republic of Ireland.
You can order a full range of Wisbech Halfords products directly from the website. There are several delivery options available including standard delivery, next day delivery and nominated day delivery. You can also choose to collect your order from your local Halfords store free of charge when you order by 8pm. Unfortunately, home delivery is only available to addresses in the UK and not the likes of the Channel Islands or the Republic of Ireland.
Thanks for checking out the Wisbech Halfords Contact Number page.
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The quest for immortality goes back to Adam and Eve, but now some smart people are getting serious about actually bringing it within their grasp. And they're getting more attention as well.
Let's take Aubrey de Grey, for example: The British gerontologist has been beating the drum for anti-aging therapies for years. He plays a prominent role in a recently published book on the immortality quest titled "Long for this World," a new documentary called "To Age or Not to Age" and a just-published commentary on the science of aging.
In this week's issue of Science Translational Medicine, de Grey and nine other co-authors urge the United States and other nations to set up a Project Apollo-scale initiative to avert the coming "global aging crisis." The experts' prescription includes a campaign to raise the general public's awareness about lifestyle changes that can lead to longer and healthier lives; a lab-based effort to develop anti-aging medicines; and a push for new techniques to repair, restore or replace the cellular and molecular damage done by age.
"There is this misunderstanding that aging is something that just happens to you, like the weather, and cannot be influenced," another co-author, Jan Vijg of Yeshiva University's Albert Einstein College of Medicine, said in a news release. "The big surprise of the last decades is that, in many different animals, we can increase healthy life span in various ways."
When it comes to translating anti-aging research into real life, however, the experts face at least three types of challenges: First, the basic lifestyle advice is pretty pedestrian: Eat wisely and exercise moderately. Some folks might wonder what the big deal is all about. "To enjoy the fantastic voyage, stay with the tried and true," Jonathan Weiner writes in "Long for this World."
Genetic factors also affect longevity, of course, as pointed out by a recent study (which has come under question, by the way). But it's hard to tease out exactly how those factors interact with each other and with the lifestyle factors. There's no magic bullet ... yet.
The second challenge has to do with anti-aging therapies, which could offer a magic bullet someday. Some substances do seem to extend longevity, and caloric restriction has been found to be a life-extender as well ... for worms and mice. But it's not yet clear how these strategies will work for humans. It could well turn out that what works for mice would make humans sicker, or make life so unpleasant that it's not worth living that much longer.
The third challenge involves the same issue that Adam and Eve faced: Reaching too hungrily for the fruit on the tree of life might make you seem presumptuous. In his review of "To Age or Not to Age," New York Times film critic Stephen Holden complains that the movie "beats the drums so enthusiastically for a pharmaceutical fountain of youth that you have the uncomfortable sensation of being harangued by snake-oil salesmen."
Ptolemaic Productions
Ray Kurzweil is a prophet of the singularity.
Like de Grey and his colleagues, futurist/inventor Ray Kurzweil has been facing these challenges for years - not as an anti-aging researcher per se, but as a smart guy who has made his name by predicting trends in information technology that bring benefits on an exponential curve rather than a linear progression. He has applied the "law of accelerating returns" to the rise of artificial intelligence, predicting that A.I. will match human intelligence by 2029 and lead to a technological singularity by 2045 - beyond which predictions can't be made.
Extreme longevity is part of Kurzweil's vision for accelerating change in the decades to come. The way he sees it, medical scinece is becoming just another form of information technology, thanks to advances in genetics and molecular biology. And he intends to ride those advances all the way to immortality.
Kurzweil and X Prize co-founder Peter Diamandis have set up an institution called Singularity University at NASA Ames Research Park in California's Silicon Valley to train leaders to deal with accelerating change (at tuition rates ranging from $15,000 to $25,000). Next week, there's a special treat in store for the students and invited guests: a two-night double feature about Kurzweil and his ideas. "The Singularity Is Near" is closely tied to Kurzweil's book with the same title, while "Transcendent Man" focuses more on Kurzweil and his fellow travelers on the path to the singularity.
Kurzweil and I had a wide-ranging conversation about the movies and his visions for the future this week. In fact, the discussion was so wide-ranging that I'm saving some of the quotes for later, when the movies are out in more theaters. But because the quest for immortality is so much in the news, I thought this would be a good time to roll out Kurzweil's perspectives on radical life extension. Here's an edited transcript:
Ray Kurzweil: I've written three health books. The last two have been with a co-author, Terry Grossman, M.D. That's "Fantastic Voyage" and "Transcend: Nine Steps to Living Well Forever." We talk about three bridges to radical life extension. Most of the books are devoted to Bridge 1. That's the bridge you can get on right now - basically, aggressively applying today's knowledge to slow down the aging disease processes as much as possible. In fact, you can do that a lot more than people think. ... People say, 'Well, following this lifestyle and taking these supplements [150 pills a day], do you really think that's going to help you live hundreds of years?' The answer is no. The goal of Bridge 1 is just to get to Bridge 2, because it's not a static situation. In fact, Bridge 1 is constantly changing as we get more information. We get new approaches every week now.
Bridge 2 is the full flowering of this biotechnology revolution, where we can really reprogram our genes - turn off genes that promote disease and aging, add new genes that protect us from disease and aging. There's that recent study that showed certain genes, if people have them they live a lot longer. Add those genes. There are many different levels of information processing that underlie biology. It's very much an information process. Craig Venter gave a powerful demonstration of that a few weeks ago by turning a computer file into a living organism. We can reprogram the information that defines our biology. We have 22,000 software programs called genes, and we can change them. There are other ideas as well: regrowing our cells, tissues and organs, using our own DNA. These things are moving along at an exponential pace. They'll be a thousand times more powerful in 10 years, a million times more powerful in 20 years. Fifteen to 20 years from now really will be a different era.
So that's Bridge 2. The goal of Bridge 2 is to get to Bridge 3, which is the full flowering of the nanotechnology revolution. Really going beyond biology, not just reprogramming biology, but rebuilding it. Already there's not a single organ that's not being rebuilt or augmented in some way. As we get to the means of re-engineering things at the molecular level, we can do a much more powerful job of that. Eventually this will provide very dramatic extensions to human longevity.
Cosmic Log: I was just reading in "Long for this World" that although mean life expectancy is dramatically increasing due to improvements in public health, there still seems to be a maximum time limit around 120 years.
Kurzweil: That's not inexorable either. It's for very specific reasons: telomere shortening, increasing rates of genetic errors ... All of these things can be engineered around. There are mitochondrial DNA deletions because they're not protected. They reproduce using single-stranded DNA, which has a high error rate. But you can use gene therapy to put those genes in the nucleus. Each reason why there's a limit of 120 can be engineered around. There's really no absolute limit.
Aubrey de Grey uses the metaphor of a house. How long does a house last? Well, it doesn't last a long amount of time if you don't take care of it. If you kinda take care of it routinely, maybe it'll last longer. But if you're very diligent, and constantly fix everything that goes wrong and occasionally upgrade the house, it can go on indefinitely. It can last a very long time, many centuries. The reason we can't do it with the human body right now is because we don't have all the required tools, or the right level of understanding. But that is exactly what is progressing exponentially, and I make the case that we will have those tools pretty soon.
This is really a wakeup call to my baby-boomer peers. It's not too late for the baby-boomers to aggressively slow down the aging processes so we can be in good shape just 15 years from now when Bridge 2 comes around. It's not like it's going to arrive on one particular day, it'll pick up speed. Starting a decade from now we're going to see some dramatic advances.
Q: I'm sure you hear the criticism every once in a while that this quest promotes a have vs. have-not society. That there'll be one level of society that has access to technology for life extension, and the other level of society will be left out in the cold.
A: Well, my response to that is to say, 'Yeah, like cell phones.' Fifteen years ago, you had to be wealthy to have a mobile phone. When somebody took out a mobile phone at a movie, that was a signal that this person was powerful and a member of the wealthy elite. They actually didn't work very well. It took 10 years to put up the first billion cell phones, and three years to put up the second billion, and 14 months to put up the third billion. We're now at 5 billion cell phones for 6 billion people. A third of the individuals in Africa have cell phones. According to industry projections that they will all be smart phones within two or three years. So everybody in the world is going to have access to the Internet from these extremely inexpensive mobile devices.
The reason for that is that the law of accelerating returns applies approximately a 50 percent deflation rate for information technology. It's true of every form of information technology, whether it's genetic data, DNA, brain data, bits of computing, bits of memory, bits of communication. Every year the cost comes down by about half. Ultimately, by the time these technologies work well, they're extremely inexpensive.
It's also true of health technology. AIDS drugs were about $30,000 per patient per year 15 years ago, and they didn't work very well. Now they actually work pretty well, and they're $100 per patient per year.
So at any one point in time, there is a have / have-not divide, based on the current snapshot of circumstances. When it comes to things like AIDS, we should do more than we're doing. But the technology is moving in the right direction, not the wrong direction. Ultimately these things become almost free, and by that time they're extremely powerful and work very well. It's not the case that these are very expensive interventions. They're expensive at the point where they're experimental and don't actually work.
Q: Another issue that people talk about is whether, evolutionarily speaking, we're putting too much reliance on technology. People might be concerned about being in such a techno-reliant society that when things break down, some sort of crisis comes about that wipes out a whole segment of humanity.
A: What sort of breakdown would wipe out a segment of humanity?
Q: Well, let's say it's the kind of bioterror attack you've talked about. Or maybe ... for example, here in Seattle we had a big windstorm and electrical outage a couple of years ago, and it struck me while we were sitting in the dark how dependent my family was on electricity. It made me think ...
A: My response to that is that technology is definitely moving toward decentralized solutions. Solar power, for example, can be very decentralized. It doesn't have a point of disruption. There are new water technologies emerging that are very localized, like Dean Kamen's water machine, which could sell for $1,000 and meets the water needs of 100 people. These decentralized solutions aren't subject to that kind of centralized breakdown. It's really more the First Industrial Revolution technologies which are centralized and potentially damaging in that way.
That being said, there is intertwined promise and peril in all technologies. That's always been the case. There are dangers in these new technologies that I've talked extensively about. There's no simple pat answer, but the right answer is twofold: Have ethical standards for responsible practitioners, like the Asilomar guidelines for biotech, which have been very successful. And have a rapid-response system for irresponsible practitioners, like terrorists, so we can respond to them and protect ourselves.
We've been a technological species for tens of thousands of years, and it's been the case that the technologically superior species has prevailed. There's discussion now why Cro-Magnon man prevailed over Neanderthals, and it appears to be due to fairly subtle differences in our tool use. Our tools were more advanced than the Neanderthals' and that's always what prevails. We've been a human-machine civilization ever since we picked up a stick to reach a higher branch. We've extended our reach with our tools, physically, mentally. We've already done that with our health. Life expectancy was 23 a thousand years ago. I recently told some gifted middle-school kids that if it hadn't been for this progress they all would be senior citizens.
Q: I wanted to make sure I touched up your efforts to bring the memory of your father back alive, through cloning and artificial intelligence. Some people have portrayed it as a Frankensteinish exercise, but I'm sure you see it differently...
A: It's no more Frankensteiny than people keeping movies and pictures of their loved ones who have passed, which is basically what I'm doing. He was kind of a pack rat like I am. He kept 60 or 70 boxes at his house, all his letters, all his music, he was a great musician. Vinyl records he recorded, old movies, things like that. The scenario is that future A.I.s will be intelligent enough to create avatars that are convincing as people in a virtual-reality environment. Some of these will be imaginative people, like Ramona in my movie. Others will be re-creations, as best as we can do it, of people who have passed, based on the information we have about them. That would include these actual documents of all kinds, video, his works, pictures. It would also include our memories, their DNA if that's available.
Would that sort of avatar be my father? You could certainly make a strong case that it's not. But it would probably be closer to my father than my father would have been had he lived, because he'd be quite different today. He would be 98.
Q: Is the aim of this to create a sentimental memory, or to keep his legacy alive? I'm sure you've thought deeply about the purpose for doing this.
A: Well, this is a good example of the value of information. To me, information is not a dry database. Ultimately, we are information. I believe that we're fundamentally a pattern of information. There's an analogy to water in a stream. The pattern that water makes as it goes around a particular rock can be the same for years, but obviously the water is different from second to second. Am I the same person that you talked to years ago? Actually, the particles are completely different. The pattern isn't exactly the same, either, but the pattern does have continuity.
So we are a pattern of information. And that information, ultimately we'll be able to capture that. That's another aspect of extending our lives. Right now we can back up all the valuable information we have on our computers. But it's not just a poem or a metaphor to say this information in our brains, it's very literally data, but we have no backup for it. Ultimately we'll be able to back it up and retain it.
How valuable is a person? You could say it's the ultimate value. But a person is information. Information is of sacred value. In fact, going back to the origins of my family, knowledge was sacred in a way. My grandfather came back from Europe, and described how he was actually given an opportunity to handle some original document created by Leonardo da Vinci. He described it in reverential terms. These were documents created by a human, but they contained some precious information.
That's really the main point I'm trying to make here. We treasure this information because it's the ultimate value of a human being. We are information - and when I say that, it's not intended to denigrate who we are. It's really intended to elevate the concept of information.
Join the Cosmic Log corps by signing up as my Facebook friend or hooking up on Twitter. And if you really want to be friendly, ask me about "The Case for Pluto."


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The Summer Nationals were held at Fayette County Speedway in Brownstown last Friday night, and a pair of track records were set.
In the first qualifying group in the late model class, Tyler Reddick set a record with a time of 12.349 seconds. He would place third in the A-main race after winning qualifying heat No. 1.
Drivers in the late models are driving on the DIRTcar Summer Nationals Hell Tour, and the champion in the 40-lap feature race was Ryan Urzicker of El Paso, Ill,. who is third in the series point standings.
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