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Heat Extraction
While it may be difficult to explain the technology of extracting heat from air, water or ground, the concept is easier to comprehend once one understands the principles of heat extraction and heat exchange. Consider the following:
- All matter contains heat. Zero degrees Kelvin/Rankine (minus 273 degrees Celsius/minus 460 degrees Farenheit) is absolute zero. This is a hypothetical, but fairly well substantiated, theory. There is nowhere in the universe where absolute zero exists. Temperatures in outer space have been found to be approximately three degrees Kelvin, which supports the theories developed by scientists.
- Cold is the absence of heat. Cold exists only in relative terms, and plays no part in scientific theory. While we all verbalize such expressions as "It is cold out", to be technically correct we should say "the heat level outside is ten degrees farenheit" (which, admittedly, is pretty cold).
- Heat always flows from higher temperature matter to lower temperature matter by conduction (from molecule to molecule), by convection (air currents) and by radiation (electro-magnetic waves).
- Heat can be moved or "extracted" from one source and delivered to another by various means such as "heat exchangers".
What is a heat pump water heater?
Water heating is a thermodynamic process using an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature. A geothermal water heater does exactly that... [it] utilizes the earth as a heat source to heat/cool water temperatures for your space.
Differences between air-source and geothermal heat pumps
As with air-to-air heat extraction technology, geothermal (ground water/ground source) technology utilizes a type of heat pump known as a geothermal heat pump. This type of geothermal heat pump device extracts its heat from the ground or water rather than from air (your typical a/c unit). While the principles are fundamentally similar, the methodology varies in that water or air is pumped through a special type of heat exchanger and is either "chilled" by the evaporating refrigerant (in the heating mode) or heated by the condensing refrigerant (in the cooling mode).
Geothermal Heat Pumps
Why geothermal heat pumps are BETTER.
A geothermal heat pump or ground source heat pump (GSHP) is a central heating and/or cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground. It uses the earth as a heat source (in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer). This design takes advantage of the moderate temperatures in the ground to boost efficiency and reduce the operational costs of heating and cooling systems, and may be combined with solar heating to form a geosolar system with even greater efficiency. Geothermal heat pumps are also known by a variety of other names, includinggeoexchange, earth-coupled, earth energy or water-source heat pumps. The engineering and scientific communities prefer the terms "geoexchange" or "ground source heat pumps" to avoid confusion with traditional geothermal power, which uses a high temperature heat source to generate electricity. Ground source heat pumps harvest a combination of geothermal power and heat from the sun when heating, but work against these heat sources when used for air conditioning.
Water stores tremendous quantities of heat. In nature, few substances have a higher specific heat (one BTU per pound) than does water, making it an ideal heat storage medium for both natural and man-made phenomena.
Depending on latitude, the upper 3 metres (9.8 ft) of Earth's surface maintains a nearly constant temperature between 10 and 16°C (50 and 60°F). Like a refrigerator or air conditioner, these systems use a heat pump to force the transfer of heat from there. Geothermal heat pump systems can transfer heat from a cool space to a warm space, against the natural direction of flow, or they can enhance the natural flow of heat from a warm area to a cool one. The core of the heat pump is a loop of refrigerant pumped through a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle that moves heat. Heat pumps are always more efficient at heating than pure electric heaters, even when extracting heat from cold winter air. But unlike an air-source heat pump, which transfers heat to or from the outside air, a ground source heat pump exchanges heat with the ground. This is much more energy-efficient because underground temperatures are more stable than air temperatures through the year. Seasonal variations drop off with depth and disappear below seven meters due to thermal inertia. Like a cave, the shallow ground temperature is warmer than the air above during the winter and cooler than the air in the summer. A ground source heat pump extracts ground heat in the winter (for heating) and transfers heat back into the ground in the summer (for cooling). Some systems are designed to operate in one mode only, heating or cooling, depending on climate.
The geothermal pump systems reach fairly high efficiencies (300%-600%) on the coldest of winter nights, compared to 175%-250% for air-source heat pumps on cool days. Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are among the most energy efficient technologies for providing HVAC and water heating.
The setup costs for geothermal systems are higher than its more prevelant cousin; conventional air conditions systems, but the difference is usually returned in energy savings in 3 to 10 years. Geothermal system life is estimated at 25 years for inside components and 50+ years for the ground loop.
What are loop configurations?
Open loop
In an open loop system (also called a groundwater heat pump), the secondary loop pumps natural water from a well or body of water into a heat exchanger inside the heat pump. Water stores tremendous quantities of heat. In nature, few substances have a higher specific heat (one BTU per pound) than does water, making it an ideal heat storage medium for both natural and man-made phenomena. Air, on the other hand has a very low specific heat (.018 BTU per cubic foot). There is 3472 times more heat stored in a cubic foot of water (62.5 BTU per degree F) as in a cubic foot of air . In other words it would be necessary to move 3472 cubic feet of air through a heat exchanger in an air-to-air heat pump in order to expose that heat exchanger to the same quantity of heat stored in a cubic foot of water (7 1/2 gallons) that is moved thru a geothermal heat pump.
While these differences are significant, there is more: the heat transfer characteristics of water make it superior to air. Conduction is more rapid, more complete, and more efficient a heat transfer phenomenon than convection. A ground-water heat pump extracting heat from water at freezing is approximately equal in performance to that of an air-source heat pump extracting heat from 60 degree air.
ASHRAE calls open loop systems groundwater heat pumps or surface water heat pumps, depending on the source. Heat is either extracted or added by the primary refrigerant loop, and the water is returned to a separate injection well, irrigation trench, tile field or body of water. The supply and return lines must be placed far enough apart to ensure thermal recharge of the source. Since the water chemistry is not controlled, the appliance may need to be protected from corrosion by using different metals in the heat exchanger and pump. Limescale may foul the system over time and require periodic acid cleaning. Also, as fouling decreases the flow of natural water, it becomes difficult for the heat pump to exchange building heat with the groundwater. If the water contains high levels of salt, minerals, iron bacteria or hydrogen sulfide, a closed loop system is usually preferable.
Deep lake water cooling uses a similar process with an open loop for air conditioning and cooling. Open loop systems using ground water are usually more efficient than closed systems because they are better coupled with ground temperatures. Closed loop systems, in comparison, have to transfer heat across extra layers of pipe wall and dirt.
Closed loop
A closed loop is one in which both ends of the loop's piping are closed. The water or other fluid is recirculated over and over and no new water is introduced to the loop. The heat is transferred thru the walls of the piping to or from the source, which could be ground, ground water, or surface water. As heat is extracted from the water in the loop the temperature of the loop falls and the heat from the source flows toward the loop. In closed loop operation water quality is not an issue because corrosives become rapidly "spent" or used up and corrosion caused by poor water quality is quickly curtailed. The wire-to-water efficiencies of circulators used in closed loop operation are very high and the costs of pumping the water are lower as compared to open loops. System efficiencies are somewhat lower in closed loop operation, but given the lower pumping costs associated with this method, economics favor this approach.
Closed loop tubing can be installed horizontally as a loop field in trenches or vertically as a series of long U-shapes in wells (see below). The size of the loop field depends on the soil type and moisture content, the average ground temperature and the heat loss and or gain characteristics of the building being conditioned. A rough approximation of the initial soil temperature is the average daily temperature for the region.
While there are several loop configurations used in closed loop operation, generally several types of closed loops are utilized by the industry - pond, vertical, horizontal, and slinky.
Closed Pond Loop Configuration
A closed pond loop is not common because it depends on proximity to a body of water, where an open loop system is usually preferable. A pond loop may be advantageous where poor water quality precludes an open loop, or where the system heat load is small. A pond loop consists of coils of pipe similar to a slinky loop attached to a frame and located at the bottom of an appropriately sized pond or water source.
Advantages: Can require the least total pipe length and can be the least expensive of all closed-loop systems if a suitable water body is available.
Disadvantages: Submerged loops are likely to require more regulatory permitting than buried closed-loop systems; unless properly marked, can be damaged by boat anchoring.
Vertical Loop Configuration
In vertical loop installation, deep holes are bored into the ground and pipes with U-bends are inserted into the holes, the holes are grouted, the piping loops are manifolded together, brought into the structure and closed. The argument for this type of ground-loop heat exchanger is that because the piping is in the deeper ground - unaffected by surface temperatures - performance will be higher. Generally, installed costs are higher than with a horizontal loop.
Vertical loop fields are typically used when there is a limited area of land available. Bore holes are spaced at least 5–6 m apart and the depth depends on ground and building characteristics. For illustration, a detached house needing 10 kW (3 ton) of heating capacity might need three boreholes 80 to 110 m (260 to 360 ft) deep. (A ton of heat is 12,000 British thermal units per hour (BTU/h) or 3.5 kilowatts.) During the cooling season, the local temperature rise in the bore field is influenced most by the moisture travel in the soil. Reliable heat transfer models have been developed through sample bore holes as well as other tests.
Advantages: Requires less total pipe length than most other closed-loop systems; requires the least amount of land area; seasonal soil temperature swings are not a concern.
Disadvantages: Cost of drilling is usually higher than cost of horizontal trenching, and vertical-loop designs tend to be the most costly GHP systems; potential for long-term soil temperature changes if boreholes not spaced far enough apart.
Horizontal Loop Configuration
In horizontal loop installation, trenches are dug, usually by a backhoe or other trenching device, in some form of horizontal configuration. Various configurations of piping are installed in the trenches. A larger number of horizontal loop designs have been tried and utilized successfully by the industry. While installed costs have been lower, horizontial loops have been thought to be less efficient than vertical loops because of the effect of air temperatures near the surface of the ground.
Resistance to heat transfer Two significant factors need to be considered when designing and sizing a ground-loop: 1) Resistance of the heat source to heat transfer eg. ground, pond, lake, etc. and 2) Resistance of the pipe to heat tansfer. Of the two factors, pipe resistance is the dominant one. But, while little control can be exercised over source resistance, a great deal of influence can be exercised by the designer over the pipe resistance. Plastic pipes are generally poor conductors as compared with metal. Increasing the ratio of pipe surface area to trench length yields significant gains in loop performance.
Advantages: Trenching costs for horizontal loops usually are much lower than well-drilling costs for vertical closed-loops, and there are more contractors with the appropriate equipment; flexible installation options depending on type of digging equipment (bulldozer, backhoe, or trencher) and number of pipe loops per trench.
Disadvantages: Largest land area requirement; performance more affected by season, rainfall, and burial depth; drought potential (low groundwater levels) must be considered in estimating required pipe length, especially in sandy soils and elevated areas; ground-loop piping can be damaged during trench backfill; longer pipe lengths per ton than for vertical closed loops; antifreeze solution more likely to be needed to handle winter soil temperatures.
Slinky Loop Configuration (Spiral Loop)
A variation on the horizontal loop is the spiral loop, commonly referred to as the "slinky."
The slinky ground loop, developed by the International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA) represents a good compromise between performance and installed costs. The slinky can be laid out in two ways, depending on the width of the trench that holds the pipe coils. The horizontal slinky layout consists of piping unrolled in overlapping circular loops that are laid flat in trenches of approximately the same width as the coil diameters, typically 3 to 6 feet wide.
In the vertical slinky layout, coils stand upright in narrow trenches that are deep enough to accomodate the coil diameter and a sufficient overburden so that the tops of the coils do not experience large seasonal temperature swings.
Slinky systems typically require 700 to 900 feet of piping per system ton, depending on soil properties and depth of burial. Depending on the coil pitch (overlap betweeen adjacent spirals), slinky installations can accommodate 80 to 120 feet of piping for every 10 feet of trench length. Slinky trenches typically are spaced about 12 feet apart. Overall, slinky systems require three to five times less land area than straight horizontal-loop systems, in the range of 500 to 800 square feet per ton.
Slinky coils are more prone to damage by backfill, and there also is a concern that careless backfilling could result in large voids around the slinky, particularly if the backfill material has large rocks or clods in it. Because air is a poor heat conductor, voids greatly reduce the loop's ability to exchange heat with the surrounding soil. To address these concerns, a flowable backfill has been developed, that can be dispensed directly into the trench by a mixer truck in the field, and this is described in the section below on ground loop installation procedures.
Advantages: Slinky loops equires less land area and less trenching than other horizontal-loop systems, and installation costs may be significantly less.
Disadvantages: Greater pumping energy needed than for straight horizontal-loops; backfilling the trench while ensuring that there are no voids around the pipe coils is difficult with certain types of soil, and even more so with upright coils in narrow trenches than with coils laid flat in wide trenches.
Thermal efficiency
The net thermal efficiency of a heat pump should take into account the efficiency of electricity generation and transmission, typically about 40%. Since a heat pump moves 3 to 5 times more heat energy than the electric energy it consumes, the total energy output is much greater than the input. This results in net thermal efficiencies greater than 100% for most electricity sources. Traditional combustion furnaces and electric heaters can never exceed 100% efficiency, but geothermal heat pumps provide extra energy by extracting it from the ground.
Geothermal heat pumps can reduce energy consumption— and corresponding air pollution emissions—upto 44% compared to air source heat pumps and up to 72% compared to electric resistance heating with standard air-conditioning equipment.
The dependence of net thermal efficiency on the electricity infrastructure tends to be an unnecessary complication for consumers and is not applicable to hydroelectric power, so performance of heat pumps is usually expressed as the ratio of heating output or heat removal to electricity input. Cooling performance is typically expressed in units of BTU/hr/watt as the Energy Efficiency Ratio, (EER) while heating performance is typically reduced to dimensionless units as the Coefficient of Performance. (COP) The conversion factor is 3.41 BTU/hr/watt. Performance is influenced by all components of the installed system, including the soil conditions, the ground-coupled heat exchanger, the heat pump appliance, and the building distribution, but is largely determined by the "lift" between the input temperature and the output temperature.
For the sake of comparing heat pump appliances to each other, independently from other system components, a few standard test conditions have been established by the American Refrigerant Institute (ARI) and more recently by the International Organization for Standardization. Standard ARI 330 ratings were intended for closed loop ground-source heat pumps, and assumes secondary loop water temperatures of 77°F for air conditioning and 32°F for heating. These temperatures are typical of installations in the northern USA. Standard ARI 325 ratings were intended for open loop ground-source heat pumps, and include two sets of ratings for groundwater temperatures of 50°F and 70°F. ARI 325 budgets more electricity for water pumping than ARI 330. Neither of these standards attempt to account for seasonal variations. Standard ARI 870 ratings are intended for direct exchange ground-source heat pumps.ASHRAE transitioned to ISO 13256-1 in 2001, which replaces ARI 320, 325 and 330. The new ISO standard produces slightly higher ratings because it no longer budgets any electricity for water pumps.
Efficient compressors, variable speed compressors and larger heat exchangers all contribute to heat pump efficiency. Residential geothermal heat pumps on the market today have standard COPs ranging from 2.4 to 5.0 and EERs ranging from 10.6 to 30. To qualify for an Energy Star label, heat pumps must meet certain minimum COP and EER ratings which depend on the ground heat exchanger type. For closed loop systems, the ISO 13256-1 heating COP must be 3.3 or greater and the cooling EER must be 14.1 or greater.
Actual installation conditions may produce better or worse efficiency than the standard test conditions. COP improves with a lower temperature difference between the input and output of the heat pump, so the stability of ground temperatures is important. If the loop field or water pump is undersized, the addition or removal of heat may push the ground temperature beyond standard test conditions, and performance will be degraded. Similarly, an undersized blower may allow the plenum coil to overheat and degrade performance.
Soil without artificial heat addition or subtraction and at depths of several meters or more remains at a relatively constant temperature year round. This temperature equates roughly to the average annual air-temperature of the chosen location, usually 7–12 °C (45–54 °F) at a depth of six meters in the northern USA. Because this temperature remains more constant than the air temperature throughout the seasons, geothermal heat pumps perform with far greater efficiency during extreme air temperatures than air conditioners and air-source heat pumps.
Standards ARI 210 and 240 define Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) and Heating Seasonal Performance Factors (HSPF) to account for the impact of seasonal variations on air source heat pumps. These numbers are normally not applicable and should not be compared to ground source heat pump ratings. However, Natural Resources Canada has adapted this approach to calculate typical seasonally adjusted HSPFs for ground-source heat pumps in Canada. The NRC HSPFs ranged from 8.7 to 12.8 BTU/hr/watt (2.6 to 3.8 in nondimensional factors, or 255% to 375% seasonal average electricity utilization efficiency) for the most populated regions of Canada. When combined with the thermal efficiency of electricity, this corresponds to net average thermal efficiencies of 100% to 150%.
Environmental impact
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has called ground source heat pumps the most energy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-effective space conditioning systems available. Heat pumps offer significant emission reductions potential, particularly where they are used for both heating and cooling and where the electricity is produced from renewable resources.
Ground-source heat pumps have unsurpassed thermal efficiencies and produce zero emissions locally, but their electricity supply almost always includes components with high greenhouse gas emissions. Their environmental impact therefore depends on the characteristics of the electricity supply. The GHG emissions savings from a heat pump over a conventional furnace can be calculated based on the following formula:
|Electricity CO2
Emissions Intensity
|GHG savings relative to
|natural gas
|heating oil
|electric heating
|223 ton/GWh[23][24][25]
|2.7 ton/yr
|5.3 ton/yr
|3.4 ton/yr
|351 ton/GWh[23][24]
|1.8 ton/yr
|4.4 ton/yr
|5.4 ton/yr
|676 ton/GWh[24]
|-0.5 ton/yr
|2.2 ton/yr
|10.3 ton/yr
|839 ton/GWh[23][24]
|-1.6 ton/yr
|1.0 ton/yr
|12.8 ton/yr
- HL = seasonal heat load ≈ 80 GJ/yr for a modern detached house in the northern USA
- FI = emissions intensity of fuel = 50 kg(CO2)/GJ for natural gas, 73 for heating oil
- AFUE = furnace efficiency ≈ 95% for a modern condensing furnace
- COP = heat pump coefficient of performance ≈ 3.2 seasonally adjusted for northern USA heat pump
- EI = emissions intensity of electricity ≈ 200-800 ton(CO2)/GWh, depending on region
Ground-source heat pumps always produce less greenhouse gases than air conditioners, oil furnaces, and electric heating, but natural gas furnaces may be competitive depending on the greenhouse gas intensity of the local electricity supply. In countries like Canada and Russia with low emitting electricity infrastructure, a residential heat pump may save 5 tons of carbon dioxide per year relative to an oil furnace, or about as much as taking an average passenger car off the road. But in countries like China or USA that are highly reliant on coal for electricity production, a heat pump may result in 1 or 2 tons more carbon dioxide emissions than a natural gas furnace.
The fluids used in closed loops may be designed to be biodegradable and non-toxic, but the refrigerant used in the heat pump cabinet and in direct exchange loops was, until recently,chlorodifluoromethane, which is an ozone depleting substance. Although harmless while contained, leaks and improper end-of-life disposal contribute to enlarging the ozone hole. This refrigerant is being phased out in favor of ozone-friendly R410A for new construction.
Open loop systems that draw water from a well and drain to the surface may contribute to aquifer depletion, water shortages, groundwater contamination, and subsidence of the soil. A geothermal heating project in Staufen im Breisgau, Germany, is suspected to have caused considerable damage to buildings in the city center. The ground has subsided by up to eight millimeters under the city hall while other areas have been uplifted by a few millimeters.
Ground-source heat pump technology, like building orientation, is a natural building technique (bioclimatic building).
Ground source heat pumps are characterized by high capital costs and low operational costs compared to other HVAC systems. Their overall economic benefit depends primarily on the relative costs of electricity and fuels, which are highly variable over time and across the world. Based on recent prices, ground-source heat pumps currently have lower operational costs than any other conventional heating source almost everywhere in the world. Natural gas is the only fuel with competitive operational costs, and only in a handful of countries where it is exceptionally cheap, or where electricity is exceptionally expensive. In general, a homeowner may save anywhere from 20% to 60% annually on utilities by switching from an ordinary system to a ground-source system. However, many family size installations are reported to use much more electricity then their owners had expected from advertisements. This is often partly due to bad design or installation: Heat exchange capacity with groundwater is often too small, heating pipes in house floors are often too thin and too few, or heated floors are covered with wooden panels or carpets.
Capital costs and system lifespan have received much less study, and the return on investment is highly variable. One study found the total installed cost for a system with 10 kW (3 ton) thermal capacity for a detached rural residence in the USA averaged $8000–$9000 in 1995 US dollars. More recent studies found an average cost of $14,000 in 2008 US dollars for the same size system. The US Department of Energy estimates a price of $7500 on its website, last updated in 2008. Prices over $20,000 are quoted in Canada, with one source placing them in the range of $30,000-$34,000 Canadian dollars. The rapid escalation in system price has been accompanied by rapid improvements in efficiency and reliability. Capital costs are known to benefit from economies of scale, particularly for open loop systems, so they are more cost-effective for larger commercial buildings and harsher climates. The initial cost can be two to five times that of a conventional heating system in most residential applications, new construction or existing. In retrofits, the cost of installation is affected by the size of living area, the home's age, insulation characteristics, the geology of the area, and location of the home/property. Proper duct system design and mechanical air exchange should be considered in the initial system cost.
|Payback period for replacing
|natural gas
|heating oil
|electric heating
|13 years
|3 years
|6 years
|12 years
|5 years
|4 years
|net loss
|8 years
|2 years
Capital costs may be offset by substantial subsidies from many governments, for example totaling over $7000 in Ontario for residential heat pump systems installed in the 2009 fiscal year. Some electric companies offer special rates to customers who install a geothermal heat pump for heating/cooling their building. This is due to the fact that electrical plants have the largest loads during summer months and much of their capacity sits idle during winter months. This allows the electric company to use more of their facility during the winter months and sell more electricity. It also allows them to reduce peak usage during the summer (due to the increased efficiency of heat pumps), thereby avoiding costly construction of new power plants. For the same reasons, other utility companies have started to pay for the installation of ground-source heat pumps at customer residences. They lease the systems to their customers for a monthly fee, at a net overall savings to the customer.
The lifespan of the system is longer than conventional heating and cooling systems. Good data on system lifespan is not yet available because the technology is too recent, but many early systems are still operational today after 25–30 years with routine maintenance. Most loop fields have warranties for 25 to 50 years and are expected to last at least 50 to 200 years. Ground-source heat pumps use electricity for heating the house. The higher investment above conventional oil, propane or electric systems may be returned in energy savings in 2–10 years for residential systems in the USA. If compared to natural gas systems, the payback period can be much longer or non-existent. The payback period for larger commercial systems in the USA is 1–5 years, even when compared to natural gas.
Ground source heat pumps are recognized as one of the most efficient heating and cooling systems on the market. They are often the second-most cost effective solution in extreme climates, (after co-generation), despite reductions in thermal efficiency due to ground temperature. (The ground source is warmer in climates that need strong air conditioning, and cooler in climates that need strong heating.)
Commercial systems maintenance costs in the USA have historically been between $0.11 to $0.22 per m2 per year in 1996 dollars, much less than the average $0.54 per m2 per year for conventional HVAC systems.
Governments that promote renewable energy will likely offer, renewable energy incentives for the consumer (residential), or industrial markets. For example, in the United States, incentives are offered both on the state and federal levels of government.
Because of the technical knowledge and equipment needed to properly design and size the system (and install the piping if heat fusion is required), a GSHP system installation requires a professional's services. TERRASource Geothermal Systems offers qualified geothermal installation services in the USA and Canada.


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Editor's Note: TheStreet ratings do not represent the views of TheStreet's staff or its contributors. Ratings are established by computer based on metrics for performance (which includes growth, stock performance, efficiency and valuation) and risk (volatility and solvency). Companies with poor cash flow or high debt levels tend to earn lower ratings in our model. NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- The ex-dividend date for Brinker International (NYSE: EAT) is tomorrow, June 12, 2013. Owners of shares as of market close today will be eligible for a dividend of 20 cents per share. At a price of $40.79 as of 9:30 a.m. ET, the dividend yield is 1.9%. The average volume for Brinker International has been 1.2 million shares per day over the past 30 days. Brinker International has a market cap of $2.91 billion and is part of the services sector and leisure industry. Shares are up 32.9% year to date as of the close of trading on Monday. Brinker International, Inc. owns, develops, operates, and franchises various restaurant brands primarily in the United States. It operates the restaurants under the Chili's Grill & Bar and Maggiano's Little Italy brand names. The company has a P/E ratio of 19.2, above the S&P 500 P/E ratio of 17.7.
- EXCLUSIVE OFFER: Jim Cramer's Protégé, Dave Peltier, only buys Stocks Under $10 that he thinks could potentially double. See what he's trading today with a 14-day FREE pass.

subset: commoncrawl


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A story about Ceceilia Berkowitz (D-Twitter)
Ceceilia Berkowitz came into my life in an instant.
It was around 9 p.m. one night late last month when Twitter alerted me and other reporters from around New York City to the following message: "Hi. I am running for NYC mayor and I wanted to let you know & see if you wanted to interview me. DM me."
Story Continued Below
Which prompted an informal question-and-answer session between Berkowitz, a 34-year-old college mathematics instructor, and a number of local reporters and political operatives. #AskCeceilia suddenly became a busy hashtag.
It was the first time any of Berkowitz's interlocuters had ever heard of her. And yet there we were.
"She must be serious because I see serious people talking to her," one operative said, decribing an initial impression of the candidate, upon seeing what was happening online.
I was curious about this person who managed, at least, to create a feedback loop about herself among those "serious" people. She wasn't going to be mayor, and her claim on Twitter to be "friends" with Michael Bloomberg seemed to be, well, one an actual friend of Bloomberg probably wouldn't make.
But it also seemed clear from her Twitter activity alone that she was, at the very least, no Mindy Meyer. And, as a reporter who complains regularly about lack of direct access to candidates, I kind of hoped that, with her very direct self-introduction and willingness to field and answer questions with no filter or preconditions, she was maybe even in the process of proving a little something about how an aspiring citizen-candidate with ideas but no money could go about building a public profile.
I met Berkowitz at a coffee shop near Union Square this weekend, and we spoke for nearly an hour.
As it turns out, she comes across very differently when she isn't communicating in 140-character bursts.
She spoke for nearly eight minutes, straight, before I interrupted her to ask my first question.
She said she planned to hire 20 campaign managers and allow her fund-raisers to keep 50 percent of what they raise for her until the campaign raises $1 million. (After that, the percentage given to the fund-raisers would drop.)
Her claim about being friends with Bloomberg, in the live telling, turned out to have been a reference to having attended a fund-raiser at the mayor's home and written checks for at least one of his pet causes.
She sat facing a window and rarely turned toward me when speaking.
"I was having problems with higher ed because you lose a lot of money," she said, at one point. "I lost a lot of money working for Baruch College, definitely over $20,000 in four months, because I had to get to work on time and the students needed me to always show up and the school doesn't pay for expenses. So I did everything I could to get there [on time], even if you're sick. It cost a lot money. So I need a career where I don't lose money for every year. And so, I notice it's a very good opportunity, for me, to take on the role of mayor. I have very good experience in starting new jobs, whether they are hard or easy, making sure I meet or beat expectations. Even if I lose money myself—Mayor Bloomberg himself doesn't take a salary—I would be prepared to spend the money on getting ready, like, if I have an emergency and need to buy new shoes, if I need to pay for my own car and I don't get reimbursed for that type of thing."
Cecilia Berkowitz is not going to be mayor.
If you think you might be a contender, tweet at me.


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Cosmic Vision L-class missions presentation event 2011
The Cosmic Vision L-class missions presentation event was attended by about 400 people from ESA, the scientific community, industry, national funding agencies, and international partners.
At the meeting, which was held in Paris on 3 February 2011, the three L-class mission concepts, EJSM-Laplace, IXO and LISA were presented. These are the three candidates for a launch opportunity in 2020 within the frame of the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Plan for the ESA Science Programme.
Last Update: 11 February 2011


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Gears of War, you are loved by the gaming public. We've followed the game from initial release to its impressive sales records, and then we wondered why we're still playing the damn thing. Now, after GDC and a new round of awards and accolades, the question of whether Gears of War will get a sequel is raging across the series of tubes we call our Internet. Cliffy-B isn't helping things: he hints at it! He announces it! Epic says nothing is confirmed!
I know that if you're able to break the story of Epic and Microsoft and Mark Rein and Cliff Bleszinski all saying that "yes, a sequel is coming," you're going to be on the front page of digg and be written up in every gaming blog and the glory of gaming journalism will be yours... but I'm bored with the question. I'm not going to be dropping a world exclusive on you, but I am willing to say the following:
Gears of War will have a sequel. They are almost certainly working on it. They just nod coyly at us when we bring it up to get us to spin our wheels and write story after story about how we just don't know.
But I know. You have a game that sold surreal amounts of software, ended with a cinematic that told us more content was coming, and still has a huge dedicated following online. There is no company in the world who wouldn't follow that up with another game. Successful new IP is a rare thing these days—you don't just waste it on one game.
There will be a big announcement soon about the game, but until then we're just spinning words about how one member of the development team said this and someone else said that. This cat and mouse keeps the game in the front of our minds, but the question of whether or not there will be a sequel is a silly one. At this point we're just waiting for the official announcement and the cleverly named date.
Oh, and probably an Alternate Reality Game. Can't forget that. If there is one thing that will make me miss press releases, it's an ARG.
Until then, though, have fun with the game online. Living in the future is a waste of time.


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Tidying the edges with masking tape
Wednesday, April 07, 2010
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THE NEWEST POSTS ARE AT THE TOP OF THE PAGE ... Building the Aziz. A 1:50 scale model ship from the Model Slipway (see links). The model consists of a GRP hull, with fittings to be made from plasticard and pre-made parts of white metal and brass. I will be adding lighting and other detail to the build.


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Crash on Mac OSX Yosemite when opening the Font Chooser
Support for our DiffMerge utility.
Moderator: SourceGear
For those who can't find where to change the font, feel free to contact me through our support line and I'll see if I can set it for you. The number is 217-356-0105 ext 700.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
Posts: 1
Joined: Fri Apr 03, 2015 5:33 pm
For what's it's worth... putting 2 [Font] references into the preferences threw a wWidgets error. Poking around the interwebs I found this page:
http://willkamp.com/opencpn/flyspray/in ... sk_id=1551
OpenCPN will crash in Fontselector with OS X Yosemite when not used the latest commit for wxWidgets 3.1.0. Text from commit:
"Fix wxFontDialog exceptions on OS X Yosemite
Opening the font dialog would result in an exception in
-[NSView resetFlags]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x6080001285c0
The code in question assumed that NSFontPanel's accessory view either
didn't exist or was created by wx, and casted it to
wxMacFontPanelAccView* without checking. But this assumption is no
longer true on OS X 10.10, the view is apparently pre-set to some
default NSView instance.
Fix the code to check accessoryView's class before treating it as
Changing to latest wxWidgets 3.1.0 fixes this problem.
We've created a fix, and I've tested it some. If any here would be interested in trying this out, send an email to support at sourcegear.com with a link to this forum thread.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
I have a special build with the fix in it. Just email support at sourcegear.com, and I'll send it to you.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
Posts: 12
Joined: Fri Oct 02, 2015 9:43 am
Seems I cannot email to that address. Email bounces.
Email to support at sourcegear.com bounces?
I'll grab your email address you logged in your profile and send one to that. It will come from the support email.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
Posts: 1
Joined: Thu Oct 08, 2015 2:56 pm
Hi Beth,
Can I get the hot fixed version as well?
(pull my email from the login, yes?)
Email sent.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
For all users running into this issue, we have released an update. Check out this post: viewtopic.php?f=33&t=22558 for a link or go to our downloads page.
Beth Kieler
SourceGear Technical Support
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$9 99
Milk is a Tumblr client that lets you enjoy everything you love about Tumblr, from the comfort of your desktop.Multiple accountsDo you have multiple blogs on separate accounts? Login to each account once and then switch between them with just a click.Don't leave the dashboardCreate/edit posts, follow links, search tags, view a blog and view your profile, all without losing your place in your dashboard.Work offlineHave an idea for a post but no internet connection? Create posts and save them on your Mac and then post/queue/draft
What's New in Milk
Version 1.4.1:
- Bug fix for retina icons on OS X 10.9 Mavericks
Requirements for Milk
- OS X 10.8 or later
Similar Software
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written by
David May and
David Hammer
Expertise in science involves the generation and use of analogies. How and when students might develop this aspect of expertise has implications for understanding how instruction might facilitate that development. We're at the beginning stages of trying to understand analogies as students use them in science classrooms. In a study of K-8 inquiry in physical science, we have seen several cases of spontaneous analogy generation at different levels of sophistication. In the case presented here, a 3rd-grader generates a particularly well-developed analogy and modifies it to reconcile his classmates' counter-arguments, allowing us to identify in these 3rd-graders specific elements of expertise in analogy use
Published September 9, 2004
Last Modified July 7, 2013
This file is included in the full-text index.


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Welcome to CheeseheadTV's coverage of the Green Bay Packers vs. the Jacksonville Jaguars.
As an outlet that collects news, pictures, commentary and analysis from other outlets - not just our own - we are your best source for Packers coverage.
Please be sure to support our new sponsor Ticket King. If you are going to buy tickets to a Packers game, get them from a company operating in Wisconsin for almost 25 years.
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I have a MySQL database with a set of coordinates and a shape file (Zillow Neighborhood Database for Chicago) containing the boundaries for each neighborhood which I have converted to a spatial database.
How do I map each set of coordinates to the neighborhood that it is in? UbuntuGIS is installed.


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Change the way you think: BYOD at Interop Vegas 2012
I am not a car person. When asked to describe a vehicle, I start with color and the number of doors. Then I stop talking. However, for a short time, I worked for a luxury autos website. I could pick out a Maybach on the streets of Manhattan, I knew when Tesla was launching a new model and I could tell you which James Bond movie featured a vehicle other than an Aston Martin.
Now that I spend my days thinking about wireless networking and mobility, I've realized that my perception of Vegas has completely changed as well. Plans used to revolve around restaurants, craps tables and night clubs. Now, as I get ready to head to Interop Las Vegas 2012, I find myself wondering about the network. With thousands of participants simultaneously trying to gain connectivity with all of their mobile devices, I think about mitigating network interference, being prepared for high density and maintaining security for the participants and vendors at the event.
If you're headed to Interop and these are things you wonder about as your network is growing, here is a heads up on the demos and speaking sessions that you cannot afford to miss.
Go Beyond BYOD with Cisco Demos Drop by our Interop Cisco booth (#1127)
May 8
May 9
|Go Beyond BYOD with Cisco Solutions. IT can now go beyond simply connecting mobile end devices; it can safely extend the right level of access in every situation with a unified security policy while ensuring an optimized, simply-managed experience for users with diverse device, security and business requirements.
May 8
|The Guide to Holistic BYOD Avoid turning "Bring Your Own Device" into "Bring Your Own Disaster." Learn about the critical steps for planning a successful BYOD design and implementation.
May 8
|iPads on your network? Real Secure Mobile Solutions PANEL: The proliferation of mobile devices and tablets is changing the IT landscape. Join us in conversation with customers for insights in setting policies, kinds of access being granted, user expectations and management. This special customer panel will discuss how they are effectively managing the flurry of mobile devices and tablets in their networks.
May 10
How BYOD is Driving Change in the Campus Network
The drivers of change in the campus network include the requirement to support a significant increase in video traffic, the need to support the movement of virtual machines within the campus data center and the burgeoning movement to bring your own device (BYOD). The panelists in this session will discuss technologies and design options that you can use to redesign your campus LANs.
Check out our Insider's Guide to Interop for a list of great events covering Borderless Networks – everything from BYOD, to WAN Optimization and Cloud Connectivity! Thanks to Lauren for the great scheduler!
And if you were wondering, my car is a goldish, tan, four-door. And (just for fun) these are 007's cars… not quite the same thing. Maybe one day!
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.


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America's Original and Best Selling Giant Magnetic Car Bow on the Market! Decorate your Showroom or Frontline with these giant Holiday Bows. Great for Holidays, Birthdays, Anniversaries, Graduations or any special occasion!
These Bows are designed to be used indoors or outdoors. Made of high quality weather resistant, waterproof vinyl. Each Bow has a soft non-scratch magnetic base that holds the bow to the vehicle hood or roof. Each bow is packaged so it arrives to you full and ready to display. No assembly required.
Dimensions: 30 inches wide with two 30 inch long x 4 1/2 long wide tails.
Note: There are no returns on seasonal products. Quantity discounts will be calculated when our sales associate processes your order and will reflect on your final invoice.
Thanks for using SDW for your Auto Dealer Supplies, Marketing Materials, Balloons, Banners, Drop Boxes, Flags, Forms & Folders, Hang Tags, Key Tags, As Is Buyers Guides, License Plate Frames, License Plates, Windshield Numbers and all your Dealer Products.


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[Las Vegas, January 30. Image via Getty.]
LAS VEGAS - JANUARY 30: Caressa Cameron, Miss Virginia, reacts after being crowned Miss America during the 2010 Miss America Pageant at the Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino January 30, 2010 in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Photo by Ethan Miller/Getty Images for Planet Hollywood)


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Jin Wong '98
Wong became just the second baseball All-American in UMW program history in 1996 after stealing a school-record 37 bases and hitting .425. He holds the school record with six stolen bases in one game, and for his career posted a .378 average with 102 hits, 91 runs scored, and 52 RBI. He helped the Eagles to the 1997 NCAA Division III baseball tournament. Following graduation, he has become a key figure for the Kansas City Royals, as he is currently the Director of Baseball Administration after serving as Manager of Scouting Operations and Director of Baseball Operations.


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"Nelson Mandela fought heroically for freedom and a truly democratic society. His courageous life shows what's possible when one acts on his convictions." — Gov. Jerry Brown
"The world has lost a true hero for freedom and we should all carry out his vision of equality in our daily lives." — U.S. Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif.
"Our hearts are heavy with the news of Nelson Mandela's passing. A warrior for equality and a stalwart of global peace, Mr. Mandela's legacy lives on, and he will be ever present as an example of the power of perseverance." — Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti
"A revered and humble champion for liberty and freedom, Nelson Mandela led South Africa out of apartheid by breaking the shackles of an overbearing and oppressive government." — Los Angeles County Supervisor Michael Antonovich
"He was a larger than life figure, a beacon of strength, principle and character. I still remember the day I met him and how moved I was when I had the opportunity to shake his hand. All of us who value freedom and human dignity have lost a giant of the human race." — Los Angeles County Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky, who met Mandela in 1990 when he spoke at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.
"He was an inspiration not only to the black community but to the world. He was a symbol of strong leadership and he brought a sense of reconciliation around the world with all that he went through and how he was able to come full circle and emerge again as a strong leader."
M.C. Townsend, president of the Regional Black Chamber of Commerce of the San Fernando Valley.
"The world has lost a great leader with the passing of Nelson Mandela. He commanded an unwavering fight to end apartheid in South Africa, and his resolve inspired generations of leaders around the world to fight against inequality. He is a hero who led with grace and compassion. His spirit will live on in the hearts and minds of those who continue the fight for justice." — California Attorney General Kamala Harris
"There's a deep sense of loss, because he is a once-in-a-generation leader. My hope is that South African leaders today, and the country in the years and decades to come will continue to pursue his extraordinary moral and political vision," Rachel Schwartz, a South Africa native who now lives in Santa Monica and is president of PR AdvantEDGE
"Our world should pray for more Nelson Mandelas. Having experienced the Sharpeville (Massacre) times and later struggles, one can appreciate the truly enlightened and boundless leaders that we need to raise humanity from its struggles," Charles Berman, South Africa native who is now a Los Angeles-based intellectual property and technology attorney at Greenberg Traurig, LLP.
"Rest in peace, Nelson Mandela. A man both good and great." — Elon Musk, CEO of SpaceX and CEO & Chief Product Architect of Tesla Motors and Los Angeles resident, via Twitter.


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The Stopper
Cole has turned into the stopper, big time. Seventeen days ago, he held the Nationals to one run and it came on a steal of home when Cole tossed to first base.
Second time around against them, he did even better last night. 0 runs. 114 pitches were touched for four hits and three walks, the only base-runners for the losers.
So, he has the major's best streak going, seven straight wins after a first-start loss back on April 9. Since his rookie season in 2006, Cole is 21-4 in May, best mark in the majors.
Elias Sports Bureau: Hamels is the fourth Phillies starting pitcher in the last 50 years to win seven or more consecutive decisions before the end of May. The others were Jim Lonborg in 1976 (8), Steve Carlton in 1981 (8) and Tommy Greene in 1993 (7).
Papelbon lost the shutout by allowing a solo homer in the ninth. That's OK. Rather a dinger with a four-run lead than a one-run lead.
Delta charter was scheduled to arrive at 1:15 a.m., St. Louis time, on Thursday. Sleep fast boys, game time is 7:15 p.m. Thursday.
Down On The Farm
**Lehigh Valley was idle.
**Reading lost to Erie for the second straight night, 4-2, this time. CF Tyson Gillies is 7-14 in the series that ends with an 11:05 a.m. game today.
**Clearwater scored 3 in the top of the ninth for a 4-3 win at Ft. Myers. C Cameron Rupp had the game-winning RBI single. RHR Tyler Knigge, 2nd save, with 1 scoreless inning, stretching his scoreless streak to 16 innings. Clearwater has 20 singles and one home run in three games this week, losing two.
**Lakewood won, 3-2, over Delmarva on a walk-off single by 3B Harold Martinez.
Players of the Week
**Pitcher: RHP Colin Kleven, Lakewood. 2-0, 0.75 ERA for 2 starts, 12 innings, 9 hits, 2 runs (1 earned), 4 walks, 11 strikeouts. In 4 starts this month, 2-1, 1.96 ERA. For the season, 3-3, 3.38 ERA, 8 starts. The 21-year-old was a 33rd round selection in 2009 out of R. E. Mountain High School in Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada, and signed by Tim Kissner.
**Player: INF-OF Carlos Alonso, Clearwater. Led organization with a .545 average for 6 games, 12 hits, 5 runs scored and 10 RBI. He had multi-hits in each of his last 5 games. Raised his average from .299 to .360. Alonso has started at second base, shortstop, third base and left field. The 24-year-old was selected in the 32nd round of the 2010 draft out of the University of Delaware and signed by Paul Murphy.
May 24, 1935: Phillies lose first night game in major league baseball history, 2-1, at Cincinnati's Crosley Field. Game takes 1 hour, 35 minutes. Attendance for the historic game, 20,422.
May 24, 1999: For the first time in team history, the Phillies have the same-name battery, RHP Joel Bennett and C Gary Bennett. Phillies win, 5-4, over Montreal.
Don't forget to check out www.phillies.com/alumni for news, notes and photos of the Alumni.


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I'm Alex Pino and I presented at the Tumbleweed Miami Tiny House Workshop about minimalist living. Every Monday please join me for a new post about minimalism with practical tips and strategies to create a less cluttered life. After you read this post, you'll get to grasp some of the ideas that I shared and how you can put them into practice today and experience real results.
Most of you already know you want to simplify your life. You want less clutter, stuff, square footage, and overall just more freedom. The question is, where are you in regards to that right now? How much stuff do you have to get rid of now. I was surprised yet relieved when I found out that some of the people who were attending the workshop came from a family of hoarders and that they had tons of work to do before they could ever consider themselves "simple" or even "minimalist".
What's really stopping you from getting rid of your clutter?
Most of us know that we want simpler lives already we just haven't gotten ourselves to take action towards it yet, but why not? Could it be that giving ourselves a powerful enough reason to start is harder than actually doing it? I think so. One way to overcome this is to dig deep within yourself and figure out why the heck you really want this freedom that you're looking for. Freedom itself is just way too general. So let's get more specific.
Do you want to move into a tiny house because you want to change your career, hate your job, don't like where you live, are frustrated with corrupt corporations, or maybe just because you just want to spend more time with the people in your life? Take your time with this because only something this meaningful will give you the power to separate yourself from your stuff. I believe that these are the "juicy" ideas that give you the drive to part with your unimportant stuff and keep it that way.
This is also the driving force that will get you to build your home and make this dream of yours a reality… step by step. Open up a blank word document on your computer right now and make ten bullet points then list some exciting goals you have, which you haven't yet achieved. Goals that excite you.
Here are five of my own exciting goals which help drive me towards "minimalism", yours might be different:
- To travel throughout the United States
- To build and live in a mortgage-free tiny house
- To enjoy fun times with my niece and nephews
- To live out of a backpack and travel around for 3 months
- To inspire and help other people who want to simplify and live more passionately
Do you see how these goals I have for myself might create a little leverage for me? For example, if I want to help other people simplify, I should do it myself, too. I might like having three computers right now, but will that get me the excitement to live out of a backpack and travel for several months? Nope. So I've got work to do, too!
Common mindsets that will not serve you when simplifying
Here are some of the common mindsets that I've found which have kept people like you and me from freeing ourselves from our clutter:
- "I might need this [widget] later and I paid good money for it in [year]."
- "This was my grandfather's first television, and he was in the Cold War."
- "These are worth $3 each on eBay and I have 100 of them."
- "My storage unit is packed from the floor to the roof, where do I even begin?"
Notice the difference between these bullet points (excuses) and the ones above (goals). Everyone has excuses because they're easy to create. Choose to focus on goals instead because they give you the mental power to move forward instead of one step forward, and two steps back, like some folks do (including myself at times).
Stay tuned for Part II of this post next week!
Alex Pino is an authorized Tumbleweed Tiny House affiliate who blogs about tiny houses and simple living over at http://www.tinyhousetalk.com/.


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The official Finsbury Park RFC app
Loading tweets by FinsburyParkRFC
Downhills Park Rd London Greater London N17 6PE View with Google Maps
This website is part of the Pitchero Rugby Union network. Create your own free Rugby Union club website with Pitchero.
Digital advertising by Minute Media
© Pitch Hero Ltd 2008-2019
Pitch Hero Ltd Registered in ENGLAND | WF3 1DR | Company Number - 636 1033


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Event Information
Refund Policy
Refunds up to 7 days before event
Come and meet a group of passionate business owners and professionals over a hot breakfast at BNI Bayside.
Our mission is to generate business for each other through word-of-mouth introductions.
Establishing a stream of new business referrals coming your way requires strong business relationships with other quality business people. This is what BNI is all about.
Doors are open from 6:30am. Please arrive by 7:00am for a 7:15am start.
The meeting concludes at 8:45am and if you are a first time visitor, please plan to stay until 9:00am.
Your ticket covers the venue costs which include a hot breakfast.
Free car parking is available on-site, take the 2nd entrance off of Anzac Highway (next to the Bus Stop)
Visit http://www.bniadelaide.com.au/ for more info about BNI
*Please note that the BNI Bayside - Glenelg chapter is not registered for GST and all costs are listed as GST Free
What is the refund policy?
Refunds available for requests lodged up to 7 days before the event.
Sorry, no refunds within 7 days of the event.
Date and Time
Refund Policy
Refunds up to 7 days before event


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South Dakota Medicare Part D Plans (PDP) 2019 Medicare Prescription Drug Plans
Best South Dakota Medicare Part D Plans
Each year we highlight the South Dakota PDP's with the lowest cost, most members, and the best ratings. Below are the best 2019 Medicare Part D plans based on these metrics.
Lowest Costs PDP
- The cheapest South Dakota Part D Plan with no deductible is $28.80
- The cheapest South Dakota Part D Plan with a deductible ($415.00/year) is $15.00
Most Popular Nation-Wide PDP
- WellCare Classic (0 national members)
- WellCare Extra (0 national members)
- WellCare Value Script (0 national members)
Most Popular Part D Plans in South Dakota
- WellCare Classic (0 regional members)
- WellCare Extra (0 regional members)
- WellCare Value Script (0 regional members)
Most Popular Low-Income Subsidy Medicare Part D Plans
- WellCare Classic (0 national members)
- SilverScript Choice (0 national members)
- Aetna Medicare Rx Saver (0 national members)
PDP Eligibility and Availability
You are eligible to enroll in a South Dakota PDP plan if:
- You are a resident of the state,
- You are enrolled in Medicare Part A and Medicare Part B, and
- You are age 65+ or have Medicare due to a qualifying disability.
All plans on this page are available to beneficiaries in Sioux Falls, Rapid City, Aberdeen, Brookings, Watertown, and all rural areas of South Dakota.
Tips and Disclaimers
The Medicare Part D plan (aka, "plan d medicare") data on MedicareWire.com comes directly from Medicare.gov and CMS.gov and is subject to change. CMS has neither reviewed nor endorsed the information on this site.
The MedicareWire.com website is available for educational purposes. Our goal is to present information about Medicare Prescription Plans accurately and without bias, based on our interpretation of factual information. However, this site is not intended as a substitute for legal, health, or financial advice from a licensed professional. On this page we help consumers:
Compare 2019 Medicare Part D Plans in South Dakota. Find the best Medicare Prescription Drug Plans (PDP) in SD by comparing premiums, deductibles, and copays. Get the most coverage available on your medications and enroll online.
MedicareWire.com is an independent research, technology and publishing organization. We are not affiliated with Medicare, Medicare plans, insurance carriers, or healthcare providers, nor are we compensated for Medicare plan enrollments.
The logos and brand names used on this page are legal U.S. trademarks. We make no claim to the marks whatsoever, nor do we claim to represent the brands, products or services presented. We use brand names and logos on this page for editorial purposes only, as permitted by U.S. Trademark Fair Use Law and the Great State of South Dakota.
This Medicare Part D plan information is maintained by David Bynon and was last updated on .


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BreezoMeter Air Quality API - Changelog
The BreezoMeter API accepts a user's location and responds with advanced street level real time Air Quality data stored within their database (Historical data also available). The API accepts a GET request with latitude and longitudes coordinates to respond with a rating on the air quality using a scale of 1-100 (unique to BreezoMeter, and also includes the country official AQI). The response also includes color readings for a customizable interface chart, and includes helpful tips on how to stay fit and use preventative care to remain in good health given the state of your location's air quality. If specific latitude and longitude coordinates are not at hand, the API can also process requests with an inputted city name or street address.


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The Roofing Contractors Association of Texas (RCAT) is a statewide trade association of roofing and waterproofing contractors. This group of professionals collectively represents the voice of the roofing and waterproofing industry in Texas. RCAT's mission is to help its members operate successfully by providing up-to-date continuing education, technical research data, industry contacts, consumer help and a forum for governmental and public relations.
Become a Sponsor for the Texas Roofing Conference, download this sheet with all the great opportunities.


text:
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Gerri Willis reveals ways to avoid fees, find great deals on holiday gift cards.
Shipping Companies Gear Up For Holiday
Record breaking shipments expected as shoppers send gifts all around the world.
The Science of Shopping
Researchers study shoppers in order to improve the overall experience.
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Dell Poweredge 650: Determine BIOS Version From Linux
I have a development server, which is a Dell Poweredge 650, running CentOS Linux that is used for testing PostgreSQL database replication via log shipping and recently the server has been crashing after only running for a couple hours from a kernel panic. One of the things I wanted to verify is if there is a new BIOS version available but first needed to verify the current BIOS version installed. Below is information on how to determine what BIOS version a Linux server is using while the server is running.


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Crave a veggie burger. One with Panko-crusted edges - infused with tender sweet potato and creamy, rustic white beans. Tall stacked on a toasted grain bun - crisp romaine leaves sprawling out the sides. Lime green avocado. Dijon. Pepper. Zesty onion.
These Sweet Potato Tahini Bean Burgers are super easy to make. Satisfy your burger craving in a flash. And while you are stacking toppings, humming happy burger-eating music, sipping lemonade, ginger ale or iced tea, crunching baked french fries, tater tots or chips - basically feasting however you like - you can laugh at anyone who thinks a "real" burger can't be vegan.
How-to video added Oct 2014!..
This recipe appears in my cookbook Healthy Happy Vegan Kitchen - (and on the cover!)..
Valentine's Day came and went just as it usually does. A nice meal, warm fuzzy feelings, flowers and chocolate. For our VDay meal we dined out at Real Food Daily in Santa Monica. They had a special menu that I simply couldn't pass up. Everything was delish. But the highlight of the meal for me: plump little balls of "goat cheese" - vegan of course...
"A salad of baby greens, roasted baby beets, tangerines, smoked almond crusted 'goat cheese' flirting with a creamy shallot dressing" -RFD menu
They were 'almond crusted' a slight smokiness to them. They were perched atop a light green salad. Some beets on the side and shallot dressing. When you smashed the side of your fork into these balls they burst open to reveal a tender silky interior. They were amazing. I need the recipe!
How was your VDay? Any disasters or wonderful moments to report?
And those tender crispy balls from RFD really inspired me to post one of my favorite easy veggie burger recipes.
So today, I woke up. Munched some blueberries. Played with the cat. And worked on this post as drizzly raindrops poured outside my window. Blustery trees swaying all morning and well into the evening.
Easy Burger. You simply take a baked sweet potato, some soft canned beans (I used cannellini white beans) add in a few accents, mash, saute and serve. You can also bake for a healthier preparation. And you could add in other whole food ingredients too like brown rice, finely chopped apple, hemp seeds - whatever! The sweet potato is such a nice binder - you can really get creative if you choose.
I pan-fry. More of a saute really. I use virgin coconut oil or safflower oil.
And I don't think I have to remind you how incredibly healthy sweet potatoes and beans are. Filled with good stuff. Vitamins, minerals, fiber, protein. Dig in.
The Patty. I was still feeling Valentine's Day-y..
I served the patties with tender sliced avocado, a crisp bed of romaine lettuce, a circle of onion, some Dijon mustard and some pepper and olive oil over top.
Easy Sweet Potato Veggie Burgers with Avocado
Published 02/21/2012
Sweet potato veggie burgers with avocado, family-approved go-to dinner .
- 1 medium sweet potato, baked and peeled
- 16oz. cooked white beans (canned, drained and rinsed)
- 1/2 cup white onion, chopped
- 2-3 Tbsp tahini
- 3/4 tsp apple cider vinegar
- 1 tsp garlic powder
- 1/2 - 1 tsp chipotle powder (or cajun spice) (use more for spicier burgers)
- 1/2 tsp salt
- 1/4 tsp black pepper (add more for more bite!)
- 1/3 cup nutritional yeast OR any flour (try oat flour)
- 1/2 - 1 cup finely chopped greens (kale, spinach, parsley)
- toppings: avocado, tomato, vegenaise, burger buns, greens
- skillet: 1 Tbsp oil ( extra virgin olive oil, coconut oil, or other)
- optional: Panko bread crumbs for crispy coating
- Bake your sweet potato in a 400 degree oven for 40-60 minutes or until tender. If in a hurry, you could use the microwave, but oven-baked yields a bit more flavor.
- Add the potato and beans to a large mixing bowl. Using a large fork, mash well. Fold in the onion and keep mashing. Add all the remaining burger ingredients and mash, mash, mash well until thickened and mashed well. Tip! Rinse your beans in hot water before adding to bowl, this heats them, making them easier to mash.
- Warm oven to 400 degrees.
- Warm a skillet over high heat and add the oil.
- Using hands, form the burger mixture into large patties. Place patties in the hot skillet. Note: If using Panko bread crumbs, before placing burgers in skillet, roll patties in Panko to coat well. In skillet: Cook 1-3 minutes on each side, until lightly browned. Repeat until all the burger mixture has been used. Optional: Before forming patties, place mixture in the fridge for a half hour or longer.
- Place the skillet-cooked patties on a baking sheet and bake for 10-15 minutes, until cooked through. Note: YES you could skip the skillet part and just bake the veggie burgers, but the flavor is better with those crispy oil-seared edges. If just baking, the baking time will be around 20 minutes, depending on patty size.
- Slice up all your burger toppings and toast the buns. Sprouted grain were used! Add vegan mayo or spicy mustard and the patty and toppings. Serve warm!
- Store leftover burgers, sealed, in the fridge for up to a day, or freeze and consume within a few weeks for best flavor and texture. To reheat: warm in a 400 degree oven until warmed through, about 12 minutes, depending on burger thickness.
Yield: 6-8 pattiesPrep Time: 00 hrs. 10 mins.
Cook time: 00 hrs. 20 mins.
Total time: 30 mins.
- Calories: 176g
- Fat: 4g
- Protein: 7g
- Dietaryfiber: 5g
- Totalcarbs: 30g
Note: yes this patty does fall kind of apart as you eat it. But that is OK because it tastes yummy.
Recipe Tweak Note.. The ABOVE recipe is the one I use at least once every few weeks. It is an easy and delicious version. BELOW I provide a shot of the older recipe since there were a few comments from people about when I changed the recipe. I updated the recipe based on the one I currently make on a routine basis. As always, you can add spices like cajun and nooch to the patty as you'd like. So in case you are curious, below is the original, longer recipe..
My Book! If you loved that recipe, please check out my book / wellness guide "365 Vegan Smoothies" from Penguin / Avery - details here.


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Art exhibit honors Black History Month
Wednesday, February 13, 2013 2:00 AM
Pittsburg, KS
A special exhibit in honor of Black History Month, "BSA Clay Connections," will be on display Feb. 18-22 in the Second Floor Gallery of Porter Hall on the Pittsburg State University campus.
The exhibit is a joint effort of the Office of Student Diversity and the University Art Association. The goal, according to S. Portico Bowman, gallery director, and Maria Grothaus, of the Office of Student Diversity, is to create an expressive opportunity for the modern African American student.
The students whose work will be shown participated in a three-hour workshop conducted by Bowman and Malcolm Kucharski, a member of the Art Department faculty. The instructors were aided by students from the University Art Association.
A reception for the artists will be held at 6 p.m. on Wednesday, Feb. 20, in the Second Floor Gallery.
The gallery is open from 8 a.m. until 9:30 p.m. Monday through Thursday and from 8 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. on Friday. For more information, call the Department of Art at 620-235-4302.


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As the Lipscomb track and field teams prepare for the Boston Moon Classic and Ole Miss Invite John Clevenger's blog this week takes a look back at the Margaret Simmons Invitation at Murray State last weekend.
The Lipscomb Track & Field teams split again into two parties. One team left for Arizona early on Thursday morning while the other departed Saturday morning for Kentucky. It is difficult at times to be separated from those that we practice with once competition comes, but we must drive on in order to secure victories and impressive finishes.
While one squad traveled to the sunny and tenured facilities at Arizona State University, I attended the inaugural track meet at Murray State.
Murray State is in eastern Kentucky. It was a shorter two-hour bus trip; at least, compared to the nine-hour drive to conference in Jacksonville, Fla. We left at 6 a.m. Saturday, and competitions were beginning almost as soon as we arrived. The first event up was my event, the javelin throw. Being that Murray State was hosting their first ever home track meet, they had a fantastic track facility. Unfortunately, they did not house the greatest field event areas.
Generally, there is a javelin runway extending from or through the track itself. It is usually comprised of the same surface as the track and it flows onto a flat grassy field where competitors are instructed to toss their implements.
Murray's track was built around their football field, which is a turf field, so it was not possible for the javelin, hammer, or discus throwers to compete without damaging the synthetic field. What were we to do? Well, we hopped on a bus, and we were driven about two miles away to a small park where we were instructed to throw in the grass field. Normally, javelin throwers compete on a flat track surface that provides spring, resistance, and stability. This time we were throwing on mud, uphill, and with crooked sector lines. IT WAS FUN!
I did not initially realize the incline of the field until I began my footwork to throw and found that I was running uphill. This meant that I was running slower and that the javelin would be landing sooner than desired. With all of this in mind, I believe that the javelin throwers were able to just kick back, relax, and just throw because it was not the kind of conditions in which we could maximize our best personal marks. We were just out there to compete, and we did.
The rest of the meet was going on by the time the bus brought us back to the track. We saw our teammates getting win after win at this meet, and we were probably the most noticed fans as well, because we were cheering so loud and we were cheering with such pride for our Bisons.
Several competitors from other teams were asking me about why we were cheering so vigorously, and I told them, "It's just what we love to do." And why wouldn't we? We were setting personal bests all over the meet, and taking home a couple of top performances as well!
It was one of the most exciting meets that I have been a part of here at Lipscomb. I think we owe a lot of our success to the low-pressure atmosphere of the meet.
Our Kentucky group was in such high spirits all day. We were so cheerful because not only were we dominating the meet, but the meet itself was flying by! Usually, a track meet can last from 9 a.m. until 9 p.m.
But this time we had our first event at 11 a.m. and we were on the bus before 4 p.m. We were going to get to go back to school, relax, get some homework done, and just take a break.
It's hard being a student-athlete sometimes. You have to be a student all week, and then you volunteer to give away your weekends to compete all of the time. The concept of "free-time" is almost a non-issue because you just don't have any. So when we got on the bus to return to Lipscomb's campus, you wouldn't believe the cheering and level of energy that the team was producing. Our sprints coach, Marcus Evans, got on the bus's intercom and announced that we were going home, and there was an explosion of ovations coming from the athletes!
When you're on a bus, there isn't that much to do. The energy level dwindled down a bit. We put in a movie, The Hobbit. While we watched the movie, everyone in our group was trying to text someone from the other group to find out how we were doing in Arizona.
The coaches keep a pretty good line of Twitter and Facebook updates with live results and finishes, but it's sometimes just more exciting to hear about someone's marks from the person who made them. We were texting each other and calling one another the entire ride home.
Congratulations were shared from both the eastern and western parts of the United States. The Bisons are really starting to make their presence known at the national level for track & field. People can hear the stampede coming, but I don't think they're ready for what we're bringing. Can't wait for the conference this year guys!
As the Lipscomb track and field teams prepare for the Boston Moon Classic and Ole Miss Invite John Clevenger's blog this week takes a look back at the Margaret Simmons Invitation at Murray State last weekend.


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Aug. 11, 2006
Santa Clara, Calif. - Three Santa Clara University tennis student-athletes were named ITA Scholar Athletes this week, as Kim Daniel, Stephanie Herrmann and Jan Macek received the honor. Daniel and Hermann earned the distinction for the first time, while Macek is now a two-time ITA Scholar Athlete honoree.
Daniel, who posted an impressive 3.93 GPA in 2005-06, played both singles and doubles for the Broncos this past year, posting a 10-10 singles record. In addition to being named an ITA Scholar Athlete, Daniel was also named WCC Spring All-Academic and earned a spot on the WCC Commissioner's Honor Roll. Daniel is on track to graduate with a degree in accounting in 2007.
Herrmann, a Los Altos resident, is coming off a strong freshman year in which she played in the no. 6 singles slot for the Broncos. She posted a 3.55 GPA and also made the WCC Commissioner's Honor Roll. With Daniel as her doubles partner, she reached the quarterfinals of the Saint Mary's Invitational last fall.
"This recognition is a testament to the dedication that both Kim and Stephanie have to academics," said women's tennis head coach Damon Coupe. "They both push themselves hard academically, while also performing for us on the court. We are extremely proud to have them as part of our team."
Macek, who graduated this past June with a finance degree from Santa Clara, earned the honor for the second straight year after posting a 3.57 GPA. He is also a three-time member of the WCC Commissioner's Honor Roll and was a member of the Student Athlete Advisory Committee. In his final year with the Broncos, the native of Freising, Germany earned first-team All-WCC honors as he played no. 1 singles for Santa Clara all year. He was also a WCC Spring All-Academic honoree.
In order to earn ITA Scholar-Athlete status a player must meet the following criteria: 1.) be a varsity letter winner, 2.) have a grade point average of at least 3.50 (on a 4.00 scale) for the current academic year, and 3.) have been enrolled at their present school for at least 2 semesters (including freshman thorough senior year).


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Moderator Note: At the time that this question was posted, it was from an ongoing contest. The relevant deadline has now passed.
Suppose we have a triangle of numbers. Atop the triangle is 1: each number below it is determined by summing half of each of the numbers that it is supporting, and adding 1 to the sum. The first few layers in the triangle look like this:
3/2 3/2
7/4 10/4 7/4
15/8 25/8 25/8 15/8
31/16 56/16 66/16 56/16 31/16
The numbers on the edges are such that the number on either end of layer n is $\frac{2^n -1}{2^{n-1}}$. Can we write a generalization for any term in the pyramid, given that any term is the $k$th term in the $n$th row?
Original question and proof for middle term here: A pyramid of numbers
There is also this: Proof- central term of recursive pyramid
Perhaps a similar method could be used?
(Please explain the architecture of your solution, and how you came about it. I think that an answer that simply fits is FAR less valuable than an instance where we know WHY the answer is fitting. ) Perhaps this can be done with modifications to Pascal's triangle?
I have noticed something rather interesting- if we discard the denominators of the numbers in this pyramid, which are simply $2^{n-1}$ where $n$ is the row number, and leave all the numerators behind in the pyramid, then we can produce the nth line of the pyramid by taking the following pyramid(the following is a example, that produces the fourth line of the pyramid)
h i
e f g
a b c d
If e= $\frac{a+b}{2}$, f= $\frac{b+c}{2}$, and so on and so forth, all characters in rows above the bottom one are the "average" of the two characters they are nested in. Then if we add a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i+j, we get 15a+ 25b+25c+15d/8. As you can see, the coefficients produce the fourth line in our pyramid. Similarly if we add the characters in a pyramid with base [abcde] and tip k we will get 31a+56b+66c+56d+31e/16 . The coefficients of a,b,c,d, and e are the terms in the fifth line of our pyramid. Can anyone think of WHY(what in the architecture of both pyramids) this correlation exists between these two seemingly disconnected pyramids, through connecting their production methods?


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Peer-Reviewed Publications
Found 160 resultsTitle
Filters: Author is Flaura K Winston [Clear All Filters]
An evaluation of the effectiveness of forward facing child restraint systems." Accid Anal Prev. 2004;36(4):585-9."
Factors associated with front row seating of children in motor vehicle crashes." Epidemiology. 2004;15(3):345-9."
Incidence and clinical significance of abdominal wall bruising in restrained children involved in motor vehicle crashes." J. Pediatr. Surg.. 2004;39(6):972-5."
Optimal driving conditions are the most common injury conditions for child pedestrians." Pediatr Emerg Care. 2004;20(9):569-73."
Optimal restraint reduces the risk of abdominal injury in children involved in motor vehicle crashes." Ann. Surg.. 2004;239(1):127-31."
Predicting child PTSD: the relationship between acute stress disorder and PTSD in injured children." J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43(4):403-11."
Recent trends in child restraint practices in the United States." Pediatrics. 2004;113(5):e458-64."
Accuracy of self-reported data for estimating crash severity." Accid Anal Prev. 2003;35(6):833-40."
Belt-positioning booster seats and reduction in risk of injury among children in vehicle crashes." JAMA. 2003;289(21):2835-40."
Differences In Air Bag Performance With Children In Various Restraint Configurations And Vehicle Types. Nagoya, Japan; 2003.
Differential risk of injury in child occupants by passenger car classification." Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2003;47:329-41."
Effect of vehicle type on the performance of second generation air bags for child occupants." Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2003;47:85-99."
Risk of injury to restrained children from passenger air bags." Traffic Inj Prev. 2003;4(1):58-63."
Screening for risk of persistent posttraumatic stress in injured children and their parents." JAMA. 2003;290(5):643-9."
Shifts in child restraint use according to child weight in the United States from 1999 to 2002." Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2003;47:313-28."
Suboptimal restraint affects the pattern of abdominal injuries in children involved in motor vehicle crashes." J. Pediatr. Surg.. 2003;38(6):919-23."
Upper Extremity Fractures in Restrained Children Exposed to Passenger Airbags. 2003 ed. Detroit, Michigan; 2003.
Assessing head-injury survivors of motor vehicle crashes at discharge from trauma care." Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81(2):114-22; quiz 123-5, 142."
Barriers to booster seat use and strategies to increase their use." Pediatrics. 2002;110(4):729-36."
Child bicyclist injuries: are we obtaining enough information in the emergency department chart?" Inj. Prev.. 2002;8(2):165-9."
Estimates of the incidence and costs associated with handlebar-related injuries in children." Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156(9):922-8."
Evaluation of a child with pre-existing disabilities after a traumatic event." Pediatr Emerg Care. 2002;18(3):197-9."
Exposure to traffic among urban children injured as pedestrians." Inj. Prev.. 2002;8(3):231-5."
The influence of harness type on child restraint system misuse." Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2002;46:261-9."
Injuries to children in forward facing child restraints." Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2002;46:213-30."


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The name of the Corporation is: OVERSTREET SIGNAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
The date the dissolution was authorized was:
Dissolution Of The Corporation was Duly Approved By The Members In Accordance With O.C.G.A. 14-2-1402(a).
The undersigned does hereby certify that a request for publication of a notice of intent of to voluntarily dissolve the corporation along with publication of fee of $40.00 has been forwarded to the official organ of the county of the registered office as required by O.C.G.A. 14-2-1404.1(b).
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Notice of Intent to Dissolve on 10/9/2012
James W. Overstreet, Jr.,
10-17 & 10-24pd
gpn06 NOTICE OF INTENT TO DISSOLVE
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WOOF. From 5pm-ongoing, its been a roller coaster of emotions.
About 4:30pm last night, my hubsicle came home from work saying his stomach hurt, which was odd because he seriously never ever tells me he is hurting or he's sick. So I knew something was up. By 5, he's telling me we need to go to the ER - uh oh. His stomach was hard and stiff and his pain was in his lower right side. Well, I am someone who definitely works well under pressure, but I will be honest; in those few minutes it took for me to get Troy's stuff together for Gma's and getting Nick in the car?
Long story short, after blood tests and a CT scan...dun dun duuuuun: APPENDICITIS! The freaking appendix! It hadn't burst, but it was uber swollen and that sucker had to go. Between all the nurses coming in and out of the room, surgeons coming in and telling us what the procedure would be like, my head was spinning. Basically, all the doctors confirmed what I thought and surgery was happening within an hour.
The thought of Nick getting put under scared me. Im not sure why, but it did. I mean, really, I KNEW he was going to be ok, but I think its just normal that when your significant other is about to be opened up, you get nervous. The unknown is scary, people. I have my Faith in the good Lord above, but Im human, fear at some points in life are normal.
So here we are not even 24 hours later, back at home and I am happily playing nurse to my patient. Its crazy that this sort of surgery is A) so common and B) how quickly they discharge the patients. I mean, my man IS a former Marine, so he IS tougher than most, but for real? He needs some nurse supervision with walking, getting outta bed, eating, etc. Which is where I come in....and there may be some extra entertainment for the guy


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Product 12/17
Color: BlackMaterial: SuedeThe UGG® Tasmina women's sandal features suede uppers lined with short, curly sheepskin for ultra comfort. The UGG® sun logo is embossed on a suede footbed and showcased on the extremely lightweight EVA outsole. Color pops in the midsole and uppers for a special added touch.* Suede uppers lined in short, curly fleece featuring our signature Tasman braid webbing.* Logo-embossed, washable suede insole* Cork-infused clear rubber outsoles with ribbed traction pattern* Sheepskin under straps* Available in whole sizes only. If between sizes, order one-half size up* By UGG® Australia; Imported


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Laurel Whitney | March 30, 2012
By Laurel Whitney • Friday, March 30, 2012 - 10:50
Because apparently the only way for small American farmers to sustain themselves is not with crops they produce, but by letting the good 'ole gas man tap the reserves under their land.
"Agriculture and industry go together, if you want prosperity in these little towns, you need balance, that's the story of my family."
So said Karen Moreau on Fox & Friends, refering to the New York moratorium on fracking. Moreau claims to be from the "last family mushroom farm" in Feura Bush, NY and was on the show to talk about how fracking would be an economic rainbow to many small farms in the state, if only those pesky regulators would stop getting in their way.
The story Moreau neglected to tell on Fox & Friends was that she's the executive director for the New York State Petroleum Council, a division of the American Petroleum Institute. Translation: less so "family farmer" and more so "industry lobbyist".
Moreau is the President and co-founder of The Foundation for Land and Liberty (FLL), a litigation organization formed to "protect private sector legal rights, so that land ownership remains a fundamental right derived from natural law".
The foundation is mainly a property rights group that formed to provide legal assistance surrounding development issues to land owners in the Adirondacks. Moreau has a background in law, specifically in agriculture and rural economic development. She has been previously caught spinning facts and forgetting pertinent information in her New York Post opinion articles.
Now the Foundation for Land and Liberty folks are focusing on fracking in New York to try and get the state's fracking moratorium lifted. Late in January they released their pro-fracking documentary, "The Empire State Divide", a short film running with the message that the only way struggling farmers will become prosperous again is by running into the money-rich arms of the fossil fuel industry.
It paints a picture of southern New York landowners staring over the Pennsylvania border to a land of milk and honey brought in by natural gas companies, while glossing over (actually just flat out ignoring) the facts that any economic boom there will be short-lived (as the gas runs out, so will the money) and comes with a high environmental and public health cost.
Back to Fox & Friends, where Moreau appeared to plug the film's release, complete with a set of industry talking points, including the often heard, "fracking has been around for decades." While it is true - Halliburton pioneered fracking in the 1940s - the essential caveat is that vertical fracking has been around for decades, not high volume slickwater fracking and horizontal drilling, which only began in the late 1990s.
Vertical fracking is simply drilling straight down into the rock. However, the shale formations that contain gas exist in layers underneath the ground. When wells are drilled via horizontal or directional drilling, it's easier to extract more gas. Typically directional drilling is used to manuever around obstacles they can't build rigs on - like lakes, railroads, or protected areas. Horizontal wells can make a 90-degree turn in only a few feet in order to gain better access to the reservoir.
That means that horizontal fracking is akin to vertical fracking on steroids - the wells are longer, requiring millions more gallons of water, plus sand and chemicals, pumped at a much higher volume, and consequently much more dangerous. There is a higher probability of failure in the well, potentially causing leakage of the chemicals used in the process.
Land owners should have the freedom to use their land however they wish- whether it's for farming, raising livestock, riding horses, having epic bonfires, holding naked volleyball competitions, or just being a recluse in general.
That's what owning land is all about, however you can only do what you want so long as it doesn't cause harm to others. If one person invites the industry into their backyard, can they assure it won't affect their neighbors?
Water doesn't understand the concept of property lines, nor does radiation or earthquakes. The real question should be, why is it so difficult for small farms to succeed, rather than, why hasn't your farm turned to the gas industry yet?
Considerata replied on Permalink
Agriculture and industry go
"Agriculture and industry go together"
That person on Fox&Fiends surely knows how to spin. If only this spinning expertise could be used as a source for renewable energy…
The farmers/land owners also get the added bonus of being able to conduct moon scape tours once the frackers have gone.
They could provide space suit costumes & have people prance about on ground level trampolines surrounded by scenery that now looks like the moon. They should get at least 2 months worth of business out of that.
One farmer in Alberta shot an oil executive for leaving his land like that. Esentially it was unusable after they were finished with it.
"One farmer in Alberta shot
"One farmer in Alberta shot an oil executive for leaving his land like that. Esentially it was unusable after they were finished with it."
Here in Australia, there are some strange goings on in regards to the CSG industry. The Liberals ( The Conservatives) and Labor (Centre-Left) both support CSG, yet the Nationals (Rural Conservatives) & Greens (Progressives) are against it and find themselves fighting a common foe.
Alan Jones (Australia's Rush Limbaugh) a right wing shock jock & nuts conservative supporter, is heading one of the biggest protests against the CSG industry. He has gone on radio and warned many times of the destruction of the CSG industry. His own hometown is now on its way to being worthless to anyone but the CSG industry. Here is a photo of part of the area.
In a televised speech he recently said:
Without seeking permission from the Australian
community at either an election or a referendum,
our politicians are turning some of our best land
into a quarry, and a worthless lunar moonscape.
The Great Artesian Basin and our underground
aquifers are being risked for the next 200 years by
fracking and the use of toxic chemicals. Scientists
admit that nobody fully understands the complex
interconnectivity of these systems or how they
really work - yet no matter where I go in the bush,
salt is the elephant in the room, the one thing that Page: 3
politicians and the mining companies don't want to
talk about
You name it, it's everywhere. And I say over and
over again, have a look at open cut mining. Take a
helicopter across the Hunter Valley. The land was
supposed to be rehabilitated. It can't be. It's like a
crater of the Moon
The transcript & video can be found here:
It's encouraging & also ironic that Alan Jones finds himself taking a stance alsmost the same as the Greens. However…….we have seen in the past Alan Jones play politics and be supportive of a scheme while the Conservatives are doing it, but when Labor or Greens suggest the same thing, he is against it.
Now that Labor has lost the Queensland State election just last weekend, it will be interesting to see if his opposition to CSG continues, now that he has helped the election of a party that supports CSG. I'm guessing he will quietly shut up. But it will be good if he continues his opposition to it.


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I have just downloaded and installed the XP-Pro skin. I have the skin's toolbar loaded. However, I can't change the order of the buttons, nor add any buttons, like Print.
When I go to the customize>toolbars menu, the only icons shown are the default PM3 icons. Moving these around does not change the buttons for the XP Skin Toolbar.
A forum post suggested right-clicking in the toolbar and selecting customize. That option does not appear when I right-click.
Any help out there?


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Kevin P. Walsh
Deputy Comptroller for Market Risk
Kevin P. Walsh is Deputy Comptroller for Market Risk at the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC).
In this role, Mr. Walsh directs market risk activities including policy formulation and risk monitoring for trading activities, derivatives, structured products, liquidity, interest rate risk, and asset management. He also serves as co-chair of the OCC's National Risk Committee and as a principal advisor on systemic risk facing the banking system. He took on this role in January 2014.
Mr. Walsh joined the OCC in 2012 as a capital markets examiner in Large Bank Supervision and served as Group Leader in the Office of the Chief National Bank Examiner's Financial Market Risk unit before taking on his current duties.
Prior to joining the OCC, Mr. Walsh was the Managing Director for Merchant Data Repository LLC, a start-up company providing solutions for trade reporting, collateral management, and clearing in the derivatives market. His previous positions include Managing Director for Business Development in the Global Markets Group at BNY Mellon, Senior Vice President and Manager for the Derivative Products Group at Mellon Bank, NA, as well as managerial positions with BZW Securities and Smith Barney.
Mr. Walsh earned a master's in business administration from the Columbia University Graduate School of Business and a bachelor of arts from St. Lawrence University.