text:
Jump, push, pull, lift, move. The boom in functional fitness, led by hot, high-intensity programs such as CrossFit and P90X that use traditional exercise movements and gear, has caused people to look at old-school strength in new ways. The result: house-friendly innovations that update classic exercises to deliver surprisingly thorough all-body workouts.
Variations on push-ups
Power Press: A 3-foot-by-16–inch plastic board embedded with color-coded holes that allow you to plug a pair of handles into 15 push-up positions. A 10-week DVD workout program and chart are included.
Likes: An effective, time-efficient home workout that blasts your torso. The various hand positions work chest, shoulders, back and triceps from numerous angles. The DVD and chart cleverly create a P90X-style aerobic-and-strength workout by alternating the push-ups with plyometrics, core and cardio exercises such as split jumps, kickouts, burpees, jumping jacks and Russian ab twists. When you're done, the handles and the two interlocking sections slip into a convenient nylon zippered carry bag with shoulder straps.
Dislikes: The push-up positions are not numbered on the board. So when you see "C1" on the instruction sheet (a wide hand position), you must hunt for C1 on a small map of the board first, rather than look on the board. It's irritating, although you learn the hand positions eventually.
Price: $49.99. (800) 354-5117; www.getpowerpress.com
Radial dumbbells
Halo Balance Bell: Circular, rubber-coated dumbbell with the handle in the middle for use with all traditional dumbbell exercises. The radial design evenly distributes the weight, supposedly causing less torque to the wrists, a vulnerable link. A pair of Halos can be turned into a barbell with a proprietary bar.
Likes: Definitely more balanced than conventional dumbbells, easier on the wrists and prettier. The company says you get a better workout with less weight, but I can't be sure that it's harder or easier than a traditional dumbbell. One way Halos are better is their unique ability to morph into a barbell; they slip onto an optional bar ($115) via a sleek-locking interface that opens with the press of two buttons.
Dislikes: No adjustability, as with weight plate dumbbells. So as you get stronger, you're stuck with the weights you bought (10 to 40 pounds).
Price: $89.99 (pair). (800) FITTER-1; www.fitter1.com
Jump to it
GoFit Plyobox: A pyramid-sloped wooden box used as a landing pad during box jumps. This is a multi-joint, low-impact polymetric leap from the ground that builds speed, vertical leap, coordination, and glutes, hamstring and quadriceps strength.
Likes: Box jumps are a fantastic exercise that works the whole body. The Plyobox provides a solid platform, with two cutouts serving as handles. Made from five prefinished pieces of plywood, it assembles in about 40 minutes; 22 screws built into channels on the inside of the walls turn easily with a 6-inch-long Phillips head screwdriver (not included). Included is a laminated exercise flip book, which turns jumps into a full-blown workout routine by mixing them with lateral side steps, incline and decline push-ups, and one-legged squats. Plyobox is lower priced than similar jump boxes.
Dislikes: Although the top edges of the box are sanded, I'd have preferred them more rounded, to prevent the possibility of scratching your leg on an edge.
Price: $59.99 for 1 foot; $79.99, 11/2 feet; $99.99, 2 feet. (888) 530-4441; http://store.gofit.net
Bend, stir and sweat
Core Stix: Like an old Bowflex gym, a Core Stix workout comes from pushing and pulling fiberglass rods, which in this case are attached to a multi-angled, ground-level hub on a base platform. Invented by Pittsburgh Penguins strength and conditioning coach Mike Kadar, who was inspired by childhood memories of digging fence posts on his dad's cattle farm in western Canada, it comes with rods of three levels of difficulty.
Likes: A challenging and effective strength and flexibility workout of smooth sweeping movements and progressive resistance. I felt no need to hit the gym after this. The DVD workout, designed with Hollywood celebrity trainer Gunner Peterson, leads you through a functional, core-centric adventure that hits all body parts. The hubs, dotted with holes at different angles, allows the positioning of rods for endless arm and leg exercises. When done, the platform and rods easily slip under the bed or into a closet.
Dislikes: Not cheap.
Price: $849; $699 models designed for low-strength adults and youths. (855) COR-STIX, (855) 267-7849; www.corestix.com.
Wallack is coauthor of "Barefoot Running Step by Step" and "Bike for Life: How to Ride to 100." email@example.com


text:
As rumors fly over presumptive Republican nominee Mitt Romney's running mate, his wife Ann Romney says he hasn't decided yet.
Romney noted the heavy speculation but said "we're not quite there yet" in an interview with ABC's "Good Morning America" set to air Thursday, according to ABC News.
"We are certainly talking a lot. This last week, this last weekend, there was a lot of discussion," she said. "There was a lot of talk. We're not quite there yet. And we're going to be there soon."
Woodrow Wilson's wife ran the White House after her husband's stroke until the end of his term.
she's does look strikingly like Hillary in that shot.
So even after the Ms. Future Secretary of State Clinton Era, the mere idea of "we" is so horrific from a wife (with MS I should mention) of a Candidate, that it warrants the descriptor:
"Female Psycho *****"
Hey, funny story, I heard that (R) was waging a "War on Women". Funny, heh?
If only she were more like....
Who once said:
Funny that little "we" isn't it?"Two years ago, we made history together by finally passing health reform,' she said to the crowd on Tuesday. 'And because we passed this law, insurance companies will now have to cover basic preventive care - things like prenatal care, mammograms, contraception - at no extra cost."
Did you also know she helped win the battle on Civil Rights, saying:
We."So yes, we moved forward and we won those battles, and we made progress that our parents and grandparents could never have imagined," said Obama. "But today, while there are no more 'whites only' signs keeping us out, no one barring our children from the schoolhouse door, we know our journey is far from finished."
So wee.
Last edited by Warfish; 07-20-2012 at 05:24 PM.
'psychos. every. stinking. one of 'em.
I think I heard Romney himself say that "we haven't decided yet". Probably just referring to his campaign staff as "we". They don't make these decisions alone.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Wednesday, September 14, 2011 Preparing for Version 5010 and ICD-10: New Resources from CMS On October 1, 2013, the ICD-9 code sets used to report medical diagnoses and inpatient procedures will be replaced by ICD-10 code sets. To accommodate the ICD-10 code structure, the transaction standards used for electronic health care claims, Version 4010/4010A, must be upgraded to Version 5010 by January 1, 2012. To help providers prepare for these changes, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has released several new resources, including Version 5010 and ICD-10 transition basics fact sheets, a Version 5010 readiness fact sheet, and a timeline widget. Sign up for industry e-mail updates and receive news and information about new resources to help ensure smooth transitions to Version 5010 and ICD-10. Comments Please send me nfo Posted by Steven Cammarano on 9/18/2011 10:31 PM need updates on ICD-10 Posted by archana Singh on 9/18/2011 11:20 PM Looking forward to switching Posted by Abercrombie on 9/19/2011 8:34 AM Do you think this implementation will be post-poned or will it really occur on/by this date? Posted by Pamela C. Howard, P.T. on 9/19/2011 12:18 PM


text:
A skein of bats flutters about this deep and sinister portent.
Alchemy of England jewelry is handcrafted from fine English pewter, guaranteed to be free of both nickle and lead. Pure pewter is a strong yet malleable metal with that nice patina that silver has, yet it will not tarnish. Pewter is easy to clean and care for and will hold up for years; it is the perfect metal for the Alchemy Carta range of quality fashion jewelry!


text:
Finding Legal Help
You are not required to hire an attorney, but legal matters can be complicated. Consider talking to an attorney to go over your options. See the Finding Legal Help page for information about free and low cost ways to get legal help.
Como encontrar ayuda legal
Usted no está obligado a contratar un abogado, pero los asuntos legales pueden ser complicados. Considere la posibilidad de hablar con un abogado para hablar de sus opciones. Para información sobre cómo obtener ayuda legal vea nuestra página Como encontrar ayuda legal.
Custody Evaluation
Purpose of a Custody Evaluation
A custody evaluation provides the court with information it can use to make decisions about custody and parent-time. This is done by evaluating the parties' ability to parent, the developmental, emotional, and physical needs of the child, and the "fit" between each party and child. Unless otherwise specified in the order appointing the custody evaluator, the evaluator will consider and respond to the following factors:
- the child's preference;
- the benefit of keeping siblings together;
- the strength of the child's bond with the parties;
- continuing previously determined custody arrangements in which the child is happy and well adjusted;
- the parties' character, status and their capacity and willingness to function as parents, including:
- moral character and emotional stability;
- duration and depth of desire for custody;
- ability to provide personal rather than surrogate care;
- significant impairment of ability to function as a parent through drug abuse, excessive drinking or other causes;
- reasons for having relinquished custody in the past;
- religious compatibility with the child;
- kinship, including in extraordinary circumstances stepparent status;
- financial condition; and
- evidence of abuse of the subject child, another child, or spouse; and
- any other factors deemed important by the evaluator, the parties, or the court.
Custody Evaluation Process
The custody evaluator's report must meet the requirements of Rule 4-903 and must be in substantially the same form as the court-approved form.
The parties may also ask the court to appoint an evaluator. The court will appoint someone to conduct an impartial evaluation and submit a written report. If one of the parties resides outside Utah, the court may appoint two evaluators. If the court appoints two evaluators, the court will designate one as the primary evaluator. The evaluators may submit only one joint report, and they must confer before the evaluation starts. The out-of-state evaluator must meet the minimum qualifications and follow the standards and procedures required by Rule 4-903.
To ask the court to appoint a custody evaluator, file a motion. For more information and forms, see our webpage on Motions. If both parties agree on who the custody evaluator should be, how the expense is to be divided, and what factors are to be considered, file the motion with a stipulation. If the parties do not agree, the motion might be opposed. The motion or stipulation must include:
- the name, address, and telephone number of each evaluator nominated, or the evaluator agreed upon;
- the anticipated dates that the evaluation will start and will be finished and the estimated cost; and
- the factors to be addressed. (For a list of possible factors, see Purpose of a custody evaluation, above.)
If the court grants the motion, the court will:
- appoint a custody evaluator,
- apportion payment of the evaluator's fees among the parties,
- specify dates that the evaluation will start and will be finished,
- specify the factors to be addressed, and
- require the parties to cooperate with the evaluator.
Within five business days after gathering the needed information—and without preparing a full, written report—the evaluator will prepare a "Settlement Conference Report" (For a sample, see the Forms section, below.) and notify the court, counsel (including a guardian ad litem if one has been appointed by the court) and parties of the need to schedule a settlement conference. Within 45 days after that notice, the parties or their lawyers must schedule a settlement conference with the court and the evaluator so the evaluator may give a verbal report.
The purpose of the settlement conference is to:
- reduce the time and expense of preparing a full, written report in cases in which one is not needed;
- disclose the evaluation findings in a way that is less adversarial and less damaging to family relationships;
- allow the parties the opportunity to participate in fashioning an agreement; and
- allow the parties to benefit from the insights of the evaluator while still controlling decisions about their children.
The evaluator will verbally present conclusions and make recommendations if requested by the commissioner or judge. The commissioner or judge will decide any restrictions on what the children are told about the findings and by whom, and restrict distribution of the "Settlement Conference Report."
If any party wants a full, written report, the party must notify the evaluator. If no settlement is reached at or soon after the settlement conference, the evaluator will prepare a full, written report, and the court will set a date for a pre-trial conference. If the evaluator writes a full report, the report must follow the pattern of the "Table of Contents" form in the Forms section, below.
Minimum Qualifications to be a Custody Evaluator
"Custody evaluator" is not a separate, licensed profession. Under Rule 4-903 to be a custody evaluator, one must first be a
- Licensed Clinical Social Worker, master's degree,
- Psychologist,
- Psychiatrist, or
- Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, masters level,
all of which are licensed by the Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing, also known as DOPL. Someone with an equivalent license in another state may also do custody evaluations.
If there are areas of concern in which the evaluator does not possess the necessary education or experience, such as domestic violence, sexual abuse, substance abuse, or mental illness, the evaluator must consult with someone who has the necessary education or experience.
If psychological testing is part of the evaluation, the tests must be conducted by a licensed psychologist who is trained in their use, and who adheres to the ethical standards for the use and interpretation of psychological tests.
Complaints About Custody Evaluators
Custody evaluators do not work for the courts; neither are they supervised by the courts. They are private professionals who are regulated and licensed by the Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing. "Custody evaluator" is not a separate, licensed profession. Rather in order to be a custody evaluator, one must first be a
- Licensed Clinical Social Worker, master's degree,
- Psychologist,
- Psychiatrist, or
- Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, masters level,
all of which are licensed by DOPL. To report a claim of unprofessional or unethical conduct by a custody evaluator, you must file the claim with DOPL. For more information and forms, see the DOPL webpage Filing a Complaint. The complaint form asks for the profession of the person about whom you are complaining. You may enter "custody evaluator" or, if you know it, the profession (Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Psychologist, Psychiatrists, or Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist) that enables the person to be a custody evaluator.
If a custody evaluator is licensed in a state other than Utah, you will have to file your complaint with the regulatory agency of that state.
- Filing a Complaint about a Custody Evaluator
- Settlement Conference Report - PDF | Word | WordPerfect
- Table of Contents Child Custody Evaluation - PDF | Word | WordPerfect
Related Information
- Child Custody and Parent Time
- Child Support
- Divorce Mediation
- Divorce Orientation and Education for Parents
- Finding Legal Help
- Free Legal Clinics
- Going to Court
- Mediation
- Modifying Child Custody
- Modifying Parent-time
- Motions
- Parent Time
- Parentage
- Parenting Plans
- Public and Non-public Records
- Rule 4-903. Uniform custody evaluations.
- Rules of Civil Procedure
- Serving Papers
- Utah Legal Services - Family Law Resources
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text:
Food & Drink
Musician's passionate journey through Buenos Aires
By George Webster, CNN • Updated 7th May 2012
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9 Pictures
Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, Sarah Chang has grown through the weight of expectation to become one of the world's great violinists.
Now aged 31,
was born in Philadelphia to a composer and music teacher of Korean descent. She first dabbled with the piano at the age of three, before opting for the violin a year later. By five she had been accepted into New York's prestigious Juilliard School for Performing Arts.
By her own acknowledgment, the world of grand orchestras and opera houses that she has so long inhabited can be "very formal" and "exclusive." This perhaps goes some way to explain her choice of destination for her "Fusion Journey" challenge: Buenos Aires.
Here, in the hot-blooded Argentinean capital, she would meet with local band "
Orquesta Tipica Andariega
," to learn first-hand the sensual and mysterious art of tango.
See more
Fusion Journeys
During her visit, Chang was challenged to produce a fusion of sound that blended the traditions of Western classical music with tango's emotionally raw and folksy heritage. She says that the process has given her performance a new-found sense of intimacy that she's carried ever since.
In her own words, Chang tells the story of her Fusion Journey.
Sarah Chang:
I've been trained as a classical violinist my entire life. It's all about structure, all about technique. It's very much a polished profession. But tango music, although it has some classical elements, is very sexy and rough and, in a way, from the earth.
courtesy sarah chang
When you walk along the streets of Buenos Aires, fun is in the air. You see children with barely anything on their feet playing soccer, and there is music on every corner. They are playing all sorts of Latin sounds; they're all dancing and drinking; they're enjoying life; they are loving life.
One of the cornerstones of tango is definitely the dancing, so I first met up with dance instructor Nora Schvartz.
Now, I'm not really a dancer. I'm a very physical performer when I'm on stage, but of course tango is a completely different thing to thrusting around when you're performing as a violinist.
I learned that the best tango dancers move not just with their legs and arms, but from their guts. That's the sign of a true art form, and it's the source of so much beauty, so much soul and passion.
Even though I absolutely cannot dance -- just watch the footage! -- I always thought that to experience the whole picture, you really have to open up your vulnerabilities, and sort of take that risk.
Read related:
Photographer's Lapland journey highlights global warming
Tango is -- in a sense -- imperfect ... albeit beautifully imperfect. It's not about being always metronomically on time, it's about spontaneity and freedom.
I've worked, of course, with a piano and an orchestra before -- but never with a band. All of a sudden I find myself rehearsing with the "Orquesta Tipica Andariega," an extremely talented local tango group. So there I was, playing songs I'd never played before, alongside instruments I'd never heard before, with a group I'd never met before -- it was thrilling!
The piece we chose for our fusion was by Carlos Gardel -- the biggest name in the history of tango. The tune itself is very famous -- it's used in all these movies, you name it, any famous tango scene. But as far as I know, there is no version for a band with a solo violinist, so I asked a composer friend of mine to make an arrangement for us.
I was really thrilled with the result. We performed it in this intimate little club and it felt so immediate. Everyone was there, drinking wine, dancing, looking so happy. There were no rigid rules, none of this "clap here, oh you have to be quiet here." Instead, the audience were whistling and yelling and clapping along -- it felt like they were right up there with us.
Literally, if I just stretched my arm, I could touch them, they were so close. That sort of intimacy, that sort of physical closeness, the fact that they were dancing when we were playing, I just thought was so beautiful.
"Fusions" can often turn out badly -- I can think of some fusion cuisine that I wish I could forget! But when each side brings just the right balance of their experience, their culture and personality, then I think it can be magical -- and the only way you know it has worked is when everyone has a smile on their face.
Classical music is one of the world's longest-standing traditional forms of music-making out there -- and I don't think it will, or should, change over night. There is a sort of purity in what classical musicians do that I cherish very much and want to preserve.
But the big thing that I really took from this experience is that sense of connecting with the audience. Quite often, in grand concert halls where everyone is wearing elegant ball gowns and black tails -- that kind of old-Hollywood glamor -- it can feel like there is a big distance between the audience and the performers, a sense of "look, but don't touch."
But with Argentinean tango, it's the opposite. They are saying "please touch, please come into and share my world." Now, every concert that I do, I try to utilize that, I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level.
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text:
Early in the Universe's history, before the formation of the first stars, nearly all of the regular matter existed in the form of the three lightest elements: hydrogen, helium, and lithium. Initially, the Universe was so energetic that these elements couldn't hang on to any electrons; instead, all of the normal matter existed as a plasma. When the Universe finally cooled enough to allow atoms to come into existence, the photons that resulted formed the cosmic microwave background, which provides us with a detailed look at the physics of the Big Bang.
At that point, the Universe entered what's called its dark ages. Stars and small galaxies started to form, but the dense fog of atoms they were born in kept any record of the events from being visible for hundreds of millions of years. It was only later, once enough stars had formed, that their emissions re-ionized the interstellar gas, making the Universe transparent again. By that time, many of the most interesting events in the Universe's history had already happened.
Scientists have lately been able to make observations that are beginning to shed light on the Universe's dark ages. In the latest example, they looked at how an early supernova lit up the galaxy it occurred in, revealing the presence of heavier elements, but in much smaller quantities than we currently see.
The observations rely on the detection of a gamma-ray burst from an extremely energetic supernova. NASA's orbiting SWIFT observatory is designed to rapidly detect the area of the sky where these bursts originate, allowing other observatories to capture the event at additional wavelengths. That's exactly what happened in June, when SWIFT spotted GRB 130606A, and researchers were able to arrange additional observations at the MMT Telescope in Arizona and Gemini North in Hawaii.
Measurements suggested that the gamma ray burst was incredibly distant, at 12.7 billion light years from Earth. That places it about a billion years after the Big Bang, around the time that the dark ages were coming to a close. The researchers also captured the spectrum of the light emitted by the supernova, which had distinct regions where intervening material had absorbed some of the photons, creating a sharp drop-out at specific points in the spectrum. These drop-outs, or lines, could be used to identify the elements that were present in between the supernova and us.
Some of the material that absorbed the light was in the galaxy itself. But it's hard for light to travel for 12.7 billion years without running into anything else, and the researchers detected indications of at least four additional objects that left their marks on the light received at Earth (which didn't even come into existence until eight billion years after the supernova took place). But it was actually possible to identify and account for each of the sources thanks to a phenomenon known as redshift.
You can think of redshift as a bit like the Doppler effect, in that objects that are moving away from you have the light they emit shifted to longer—meaning redder—wavelengths. As the light was emitted from the supernova, elements nearby absorbed some of it at specific locations. As the light travelled out toward Earth, the locations of those absorption lines became more and more red-shifted. By the time they ran into another object, with its own set of elements to absorb things, the original absorption lines had redshifted out of the way. The same process took place for each of the three remaining objects, leaving a complicated fingerprint of elemental absorption lines on the light that eventually reached Earth.
To find the original galaxy, the researchers simply had to work backward, identifying the fingerprint of the first object, eliminating it, and then moving on to the next. By the time they had gotten rid of all four, what remained was the most distant object itself, the galaxy that hosted the supernova. The process also contained its own validation, as the redshifts provide distance information, and the ones from the galaxy nicely lined up with the measurements made by other observations.
The authors of the paper were able to detect elements that included nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and silicon. However, the apparent amount of these heavier elements (called "metals" in an astronomy-only usage of the term) was quite limited, being about 10 percent of what we see in the modern Universe. That makes sense, as there hadn't been enough time for more than the first generation of stars to go supernova by then. Later events of this sort added to the mixture of heavy elements available to form planets and moons.
The authors could also use some of the features of the absorption lines to infer things about the environment around the supernova (some of the elements were clearly moving). They could also combine those with measurements made using other distant objects, like early quasars, to infer some things about the reionization era in general. So far, it looks like the era was complex, and it probably didn't occur evenly throughout the Universe. But as more of these distant objects are observed, we may get a clearer picture of how the dark ages came to an end.
The arXiv. Abstract number: 1306.3949 (About the arXiv). To be published in The Astrophysical Journal.


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South African Journal of Science
versión On-line ISSN 1996-7489
versión impresa ISSN 0038-2353
S. Afr. j. sci. vol.105 no.9-10 Pretoria sep./oct. 2009
The applicability of existing topside ionospheric models to the South African region
P. SibandaI, II, *; L.A. McKinnellI, II
IHermanus Magnetic Observatory, P.O. Box 32, Hermanus 7200, South Africa
IIDepartment of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
The modelling of the electron density profile (Ne) for the topside ionosphere is challenging due to the limited availability of measured data. Over the past few years, a range of approaches to topside ionospheric modelling and representation of the Ne variation over the topside altitude range have been developed. This paper presents various topside ionospheric modelling efforts and describes their applicability for the South African region.
Key words: ionosphere, topside, electron density, vertical scale height, South Africa, modelling
There is a need to improve our global understanding of the upper ionosphere and the accuracy of critical frequency maps which are used by high frequency (HF) radio engineers to calculate communication routes. Long-term models of the height distribution of electron density in the ionosphere are essential in the planning of HF radio propagation circuits1 and in assessing the effects of the ionosphere on Earth-space links. For example, a radio signal transmitted from a satellite to a ground receiver travels through this ionised medium; the effects on the propagating signal depend on the frequency and on the plasma density along the ray path. While significant progress has been made in bottomside ionosphere modelling for the South African region,2 very little has been done to assess the situation regarding topside altitudes. This paper presents an overview of topside modelling approaches and techniques and how they are applied in some of the existing topside ionosphere models. The specific goal of this study was to find a topside model and/or a modelling approach that best represents the topside over the South African region. Existing topside ionosphere models (IRI-2001 and NeQuick) were made available to the authors and are included for comparison with measured Ne profiles that were available for the South African region. Other topside ionosphere modelling approaches (such as theoretical modelling) that could possibly be useful for application in modelling the topside ionosphere over South Africa are also discussed. Unfortunately the models that apply the theoretical approach were not available to the authors and therefore no analysis was done to assess the applicability of this approach. This investigation was undertaken as a first step towards developing a South African topside ionosphere model that could be fitted to the current South African bottomside ionosphere model.2
An overview of the topside ionosphere
Figure 1 is an illustration of the different regions into which the ionosphere can be divided. The bottomside ionosphere lies below the F2 layer peak (hmF2), and the topside extends from the F2 peak to the upper transition height (UTH) the transition height between the oxygen ion and hydrogen ion dominated plasma regions.3 The plasmasphere lies above the UTH, and for our purposes we consider the topside ionosphere to lie between hmF2 and the UTH.
A summary of the processes that dominate plasma distribution in each region of the ionosphere is given in Fig. 2. In the bottomside ionosphere, chemical reactions (such as photoionisation, ion-molecular reactions and electron-ion recombination) dominate plasma distributions,3 while in the topside ionosphere, the plasma density profiles are largely determined by field-aligned plasma flows and the plasma transport process.4 Hydrogen is the major ion species in the plasmasphere, decreasing exponentially with altitude.5
Common topside modelling approaches
Topside ionosphere modelling suffers due to the poor availability of measured electron density data.6 Measuring the topside of the ionosphere requires a topside sounder system that is located above the ionosphere, ideally onboard a polar-orbiting satellite. Such missions are costly and are therefore difficult to undertake. Many attempts to develop a global representation of the altitude distribution of the electron density in the topside ionosphere have been made.711 The modelling efforts can be placed into two categories: (1) empirical models (models based on measurements) and (2) theoretical or first-principle models.
Empirical models
Empirical models have over the years been widely used to describe ionospheric behaviour and variation. For empirical models, simple mathematical functions are fitted to measured data which are usually binned with appropriate indices. Empirical models, therefore, represent 'average' and not instantaneous conditions.12 Some mathematical functions commonly used to reconstruct the electron density profile in the topside ionosphere are given below.
The Chapman function:
where . This function can take one of two forms: an α-Chapman when c= 0.5 or a β-Chapman when c= 1, depending on assumptions related to the electron recombination theory.13
Sech-squared (Epstein) function:
Exponential function:
Parabolic function:
In each function, hm is the peak density height and His the vertical scale height, a key parameter in determining the shape of the electron density profile. Various methods of calculating the vertical scale height, such as the use of global positioning system (GPS)-derived total electron content (TEC),13,14 have been developed. The topside vertical scale height can also be obtained from ground-based ionosonde measurements,15 where it is estimated from the shape of the bottomside profile at the F2 peak and assumed constant throughout the topside. Other studies10,16 have used topside sounder data to determine the topside vertical scale height. Some of the empirical ionospheric models available are summarised below.
The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model gives a global representation of the topside, amongst other things. It has been updated and improved regularly since it was first created in the 1960s. The altitudinal variation of the electron density in the topside is based on the topside sounding records of the International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies (ISIS) and Alouette topside sounders, and is described by simple mathematical functions (such as the Booker function),17 whereby different sections are modelled with a constant scale height, represented analytically as an exponential layer (as described by Equation 3).18
The NeQuick model8 describes the topside electron density profile as an Epstein layer.19 It applies the Di Giovanni and Radicella (DGR) 'profiler' concept, a concept that uses an Epstein function (Equation 2) whose shape is controlled by an empirical parameter connected to the bottomside thickness parameter, originally introduced by Di Giovanni and Radicella20 and later modified and improved by Radicella and Zhang.8 The model is based on bottomside ionosonde measurements and the ISIS and Intercosmos 19 topside sounder measurements.
A variety of international organisations and groups have conducted topside modelling programmes. These include: (1) the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium,9,13,21 who have used GPS-based TEC, bottomside ionosonde measurements and empirically obtained oxygen-hydrogen ion transition height values to reconstruct the electron density profile in the topside ionosphere. The topside electron density is considered the sum of the constituent oxygen and hydrogen ion densities with unknown vertical scale heights. The reconstruction procedure involves incorporating a suitable ionospheric profiler (Chapman, Epstein or exponential) into equations describing ionospheric conditions, such as plasma quasi-neutrality and ion transition level, to analytically approximate the individual major ion density distributions of the oxygen and hydrogen ions. This gives a system of transcendental reconstruction equations that can be solved numerically to get the electron density profile. (2) Pulinets etal.11 and Depuev and Pulinets,16 from the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IZMIRAN), have used topside sounder data from the Intercosmos 19 satellite to develop a global empirical model of the topside ionosphere for disturbed conditions. They approximated the electron density profile using an Epstein function with the altitude-dependent F2 layer thickness parameter.
Comparison with measured profiles
Predicted topside profiles from the IRI and the NeQuick models were compared with measured profiles to determine how accurately the models represent the topside over the South African region, with an emphasis on the shape of the topside profile. The ISIS database of topside profiles (accessible through the web; ftp://nssdcftp.gsfc.nasa.gov/spacecraft_data/isis/) was used for comparison with model results. Sample profiles that fell during the daytime sector were chosen from the database for comparison with model results. Efforts to select profiles that fell on the same UT time for the different months used for analysis failed due to the paucity of data from the South African region within the database. Such data are scarce due to a number of reasonsthe satellite had no onboard memory and coverage depended on the distribution of ground receiver stations, and also the fact that, generally, satellite data exist as sets of points along the path of the satellite. The local times for the profiles ranged from 08:00 to 14:00, with each profile taken at a different local time within that range. The IRI-2001 and NeQuick topside models were computed for the corresponding times of the measured profiles.
The models were used in their original form with an emphasis on how well they represented the topside ionosphere over the South African region. For the IRI-2001 model, measured peak parameters (the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) and the maximum height of the F2 layer (hmF2)), as measured by the topside sounder, were used as anchor points in order to adapt the model to the ionospheric conditions of the measured electron density profile and concentrate the analysis on the profile shape. The IRI-2001 model has the ability to adapt to ionospheric conditions on the basis of measured peak parameters. The NeQuick model profiles were, however, determined without any adjustments. Figure 3 shows the model results compared with the measured Neprofiles. The electron density in the profiles shown in Fig. 3 has been plotted on a log scale in order to highlight the differences in a clearer way.
These results show, in general, how accurately the models represent the variation of the electron density as a function of altitude. The sample profiles used were chosen to illustrate the ability to predict during different seasons. Both models follow the shape of the measured profile but the IRI-2001 model overestimated the measurements at higher altitudes (above about 800 km) in three (autumn, spring and summer) of the four cases. The NeQuick model, on the other hand, corresponded well to the measured data at higher altitudes but overestimated the measurements at lower altitudes. The IRI-2001 model performed better than the NeQuick model at lower altitudes in three of the four cases, which could be because the IRI-2001 model assimilates additional information about the peak.
The challenge regarding applicability of an empirical approach for the South African region is the amount of measured data available andhowit is distributed under the various geophysical conditions. Coverage of the very first sounding satellites (Alouette and ISIS) depended on the distribution of ground receiving stations because they had little memory capacity and no onboard processing capability. As an example of the sparsity of the database, Table 1 shows the available ISIS 2 topside sounder electron density profiles for the southernAfrican region and how they are distributed over the four years for which data are available.
Theoretical models
Theoretical or first principle models can be used to represent the behaviour of the ionosphere.
This approach involves modelling the physical and chemical processes that are thought to be the major drivers of the distribution of the electron density in the given ionospheric region. For example, the continuity, momentum and energy equations for the electrons and ions are solved as a function of altitude and/or along magnetic field lines to determine the electron density.12 The assumption is that the calculated electron densities actually describe the variation in the real ionosphere.
Theoretical models based on the principles described above have been developed. For example, Titheridge22 developed a procedure for calculating the electron density profile in the topside ionosphere through the 'diffusive equilibrium' approach. In this approach, the topside ionosphere is assumed to be composed of the major ions, O+ and H+. He simplified the diffusive equilibrium equations, such that the scale height is given by
where k is the Boltzmann constant, Ti is the ion temperature, mj is the jth ion mass, g is the gravitational acceleration, is the mean ion mass, Te is the electron temperature and the total temperature is Tt = Ti + Te. Given the number density nj0 at the height h0, the density nj at some greater height h0+ Δh is calculated from
njTt =njoTto exp (Δh/Hj).
This form is suitable for numerical integration, such that, in a series of small altitude 'steps', the density of a given ion species at greater height can be calculated if its density at a certain base height is known.23 Webb and Essex23 used this approach to develop an ionosphere/plasmasphere model, modified in such a way that:
(i) Chemical equilibrium is used to model the H+ ions at lower altitudes and then diffusive equilibrium is used for the upper ionosphere and plasmasphere.
(ii) The diffusive profiles are calculated along the field lines, rather than simply in the vertical direction, because the plasma is constrained to move along magnetic field lines.
The advantage of the theoretical approach in modelling the ionosphere is that the response of the system to magnetospheric phenomena, such as magnetic storms and substorms, can be modelled. The main disadvantage of the theoretical approach is the extensive computing power required and the fact that the models depend on a large number of magnetospheric inputs, such as electric fields, that may not be well known.12,24 Models that are based on theoretical considerations were not available at the time this study was conducted and, therefore, analysis to test how such models represent the topside ionosphere in the South African region was not possible.
The major goal of our study was to find a topside ionosphere model or modelling technique suitable for the South African region. It is our intention that the model then be applied to the South African bottomside electron density model, such that a user can specify the location (and other essential parameters and conditions) and have the model accurately determine the electron density profile from 90 km to approximately 1 000 km. In this present study, various approaches to topside modelling were identified and described, and a few existing models were tested to see how they performed in the South African region.
The empirical modelling approach has been widely used and is probably the most practical for ionospheric applications. However, since the approach relies on the availability of good-quality measured data, the ionospheric variations may be misrepresented where data are not available. Theoretical models are a potential option for topside modelling and can provide an understanding of the natural variabilities. It is foreseen that, in the short term, an approach to topside ionosphere modelling for South Africa will include both an empirical and a theoretical component until such time as more measured data become available.
We wish to thank the National Space Science Data Centre (NSSDC) for making the ISIS 2 topside data available on CD and the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, for allowing access to the NeQuick model.
1. Bradley P.A. and Dick M.I. (1997). Use of ground-based and satellite data for an improved procedure for testing the accuracy of ionospheric maps. Technical Report, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, U.K. [ Links ]
2. McKinnell L.A. (2002). A neural network based ionospheric model for the bottomside electron density profile over Grahamstown, South Africa. Ph.D. thesis, Rhodes University, South Africa. [ Links ]
3. Marinov P., Kutiev I. and Watanabe S. (2004). Empirical model of O+H+ transition height based on topside sounder data. Adv. Space Res. 34, 20152022. [ Links ]
4. Venkatraman S. (1999). Nighttime behaviour of the equatorial topside ionosphere. Ph.D. thesis, University of Texas at Dallas, Texas. [ Links ]
5. Yoshimura R., Maruyama T. and Kawamura S. (2005). Application of dynamical equilibrium model to topside ionosphere specification. In Proceedings of the XXV111 URSI General Assembly, New Delhi. [ Links ]
6. Huang X., Reinisch B.W., Bilitza D. and Benson R.F. (2002). Electron density profiles of the topside ionosphere. Ann. Geophysics 45, 125130. [ Links ]
7. Reinisch B.W. (2004). Tenth International Digisonde Training Seminar at UMass Lowell reviews state of real time mapping of the ionosphere. IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. 45, 110117. [ Links ]
8. Radicella S.M. and Zhang M.L. (1995). The improved DGR analytical model of the electron density height profile and total electron content in the ionosphere. Ann. Geophys. 38, 3541. [ Links ]
9. Stankov S.M., Warnant R. and Jodogne J.C. (2002). Operational model for real-time reconstruction of the electron density profile using GPS TEC measurements. In Proceedings of the XXVII URSI General Assembly, Maastricht, the Netherlands. [ Links ]
10. Kutiev I.S., Marinov P.G. and Watanabe S. (2006). Model of topside ionosphere scale height based on topside sounder data. Adv. Space Res. 37, 943950. [ Links ]
11. Pulinets S., Depuev V., Karpachev A., Radicella S. and Danilkin N. (2002). Recent advances in topside profile modeling. Adv. Space Res. 29, 815823. [ Links ]
12. Schunk R.W. and Sojka J.J. (1992). Approaches to ionospheric modelling, simulation and prediction. Adv. Space Res. 12, 317326. [ Links ]
13. Stankov S.M., Jakowski N., Heise S., Muhtarov P., Kutiev I. and Warnant R. (2003). A new method for reconstruction of the vertical electron density distribution in the upper ionosphere and plasmasphere. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 1164. [ Links ]
14. Jakowski N., Kutiev I.S., Heise S. and Wehrenpfennig A. (2002). A topside ionosphere/plasmasphere model for operational applications. In Proceedings of the XXVII URSI General Assembly, Maastricht , the Netherlands. [ Links ]
15. Huang X.Q. and Reinisch B.W. (2001). Vertical electron content from ionograms in real time. Radio Sci. 36, 335342. [ Links ]
16. Depuev V.H. and Pulinets S.A. (2004). A global empirical model of the ionospheric topside electron density. Adv. Space Res. 34, 20162020. [ Links ]
17. Coïsson P. and Radicella S.M. (2004). The IRI topside parameters. Adv. Space Res. 2, 249251. [ Links ]
18. Bilitza D., Reinisch B.W., Radicella S.M., Pulinets S., Gulyaeva T. and Triskova L. (2006). Improvements of the International Reference Ionosphere model for the topside electron density profile. Radio Sci. 41, 18. [ Links ]
19. Coïsson P., Radicella S.M. and Nava B. (2002). Comparisons of experimental topside electron concentration profiles with IRI and NeQuick models. Ann. Geophys. 45, 125130. [ Links ]
20. Di Giovanni G. and Radicella S.M. (1990). An analytical model of the electron density profile in the ionosphere. Adv. Space Res. 10, 2730. [ Links ]
21. Stankov M.S. and Muhtarov P.Y. (2001). Reconstruction of the electron density profile from the total electron content using upper transition level and vertical incidence sounding measurements. C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 54, 4548. [ Links ]
22. Titheridge J.E. (1972). Determination of ionospheric electron content from the Faraday rotation of geostationary satellite signals. Planet. Space Sci. 20, 353369. [ Links ]
23. Webb P.A. and Essex E.A. (1999). Modelling the Plasmasphere. Online at: http://www.ips.gov.au/IPSHosted/STSP/meetings/aip/phil/phil.htm [ Links ]
24. Cander L.R., Leitinger R. and Levy M.F. (1998). Ionospheric models including the auroral environment. In Proceedings of the ESA Workshop on Space Weather, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands. [ Links ]
Received 10 April 2008. Accepted 8 July 2009.
* Author for correspondence E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
He walks the line … because he can
Staff writer
When walking through the wooded wilderness of Alberta, Ken Ilgunas was charged by more than 1,000 pounds of angry moose.
As he walked through the open grass prairie of South Dakota, he found himself caught in the midst of a cattle stampede. He scrambled with great haste to avoid being trampled.
He's encountered a badger on his travels starting in September. Despite the animal's fearsome reputation, he has been hassled more by dogs on his journey south through Kansas.
In addition to animals, Ilgunas has dealt with diffficult weather. He spent three days inside of his insulated tent – reading his kindle – waiting out an ice storm in South Dakota. The rest was welcome because Ilgunas' feet and shins had been battered throughout his daily 30 mile walks. The aching pain was consistent enough that Ilgunas thought his trek to the Gulf of Mexico might become impossible.
Ilgunas feels the story of braving the wilderness and finding oneself in a journey will always be interesting, worthy of a book. Although he already has one book under his belt, he said a book about his walk is still a pipe dream.
The real reason Ilgunas trip may be worthy of several hundred pages is because it is newsworthy. He is following the proposed path of the Keystone XL Pipeline from the Tar sands of Alberta to the possible destination of the Texas coast. The pipeline has yet to approved, the final go ahead waiting on the desk of Barack Obama. Ilgunas feels like he is breaking new ground, part of the first national fight over a project directly related to climate change.
Personally, he is not part of the fight. His mission has an objective view. Throughout his travels, Ilgunas has interviewed subjects directly affected by the pipeline. The oil workers and landowners in Canada were resoundingly positive. Oil is Alberta's industrial image, like automobiles for Detroit or steel for Pittsburgh. The views of local farmers and politicians grew starkly negative as he passed into the United States. Residents of Nebraska were especially worried how the oil pipeline would affect their water supply.
An iPad has been Ilgunas' writing utensil on his journey; he has blogged every few days at least. It is part of his store of items in his 35-pound pack – including his tent, several layers of warm clothing, and food he can carry. He said he set up 20 different food drops in post offices along his route. The next was setup in Potwin.
The reason Ilgunas was willing to eat a Thanksgiving meal of Ramen noodles in his tent and risk being arrested by curious law enforcement officers – Ilgunas stopped in at the Marion County Sheriff's office on his own to avoid unwanted inquiries – is because this trip is definitively unconventional.
"I live an unconventional life," he said.
Ilgunas has sought an unconventional life since graduating with a masters' degree in liberal sciences from Duke University in 2011. It's why he was inspired to hitchhike to Alberta from Boulder, Colo. He's not completely crazy. He did expedite the trip in Canada in September because he did not want to be trapped in harsh winter weather.
Ilgunas said he has tapped into the primitative part of his being – living sun up to sun down and embracing the endurance that allowed man to hunt in his early existence. It's that journey that is important – whatever happens with the Pipeline, whatever happens with the book, is all icing.


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Nineteen points, eight rebounds and two blocks.
To the casual eye, that reads as a pretty nice box score. But, for Wang Zhelin and Chinese basketball as a whole, it will remain as a historic stat line stuffed with something way more important than just numbers: Potential.
By now, word of Wang's impressive aforementioned performance has gotten around to basketball circles all around the world. In China, he's getting some love for what is by far the best showing a Chinese player has ever thrown down in Hoop Summit history (the previous high for points was Yi Jianlian in 2004 with seven). Arguably the best player on the floor for the World team that came away with a 84-75 victory over the U.S. Select team, the seven-foot center gained attention for his size, mobility, composure and his enormous chase-down block (video below via OregonLive.com).
The other thing that has people excited: He's is only 18 years-old. Which means there's plenty of the p-word still to be realized.
Portland may have been his break-out party to the rest of the world, but in the PRC, Wang has been a big-time prospect with big-time expectations for a while' so much so in fact, that he's been receiving the all-too-obvious Yao Ming comparisons by Chinese media as early as last year. Born in 1994 in Fujian province to two tall parents who played basketball, Wang grew to 5-7 (1.7 meters) by the time he was 11 and kept growing until he reached seven feet (2.14 meters) last year. In between, he's been coached domestically throughout has represented China internationally at several levels to develop into one of China's top long-term prospects.
In 2010 at the FIBA U-17 World Championship in Hamburg, Wang averaged 5.8 points and 4.9 rebounds as China took home eighth place. Last summer in Latvia, he went for 11.6 points and 6.6 rebounds the FIBA U-19 World Championship. He was also selected to the China Olympic National Team last summer, which is just a fancy way of saying China's U-23 National Team. Duke fans may remember that as the team who played and hosted three exhibition games against the Blue Devils in Shanghai and Beijing in August.
But his biggest accomplishment of all came last month when Wang was selected to Bob Donewald's 19-man Senior National Team training camp roster. It's not so much impressive because of his age, but rather because of his experience, or lack thereof: Despite his considerable resume in international competition, Wang has yet to play a single game professionally.
Despite being meeting the Chinese Basketball Association age requirement, Wang didn't play professionally this past season because his team, Fujian SBS, felt it would be better for his long-term future to let him develop his game and his body at the youth level for another year. Plus, as Wang has had considerable level of hype surrounding him in China for the last few years, the decision to hold him back was due also in part to take some pressure off and put him in a position down the road where he can deliver upon some of those expectations.
The decision was probably for the best: Given his National Team selection, and now his historic performance in Portland, those expectations are only going to increase. Though he's practically a no-shot to make the final 12-man roster for this summer's London Olympics, his inclusion in the Senior National Team setup indicates that the CBA feels he'll be a big part of China's basketball future.
And in the days after Portland, he may be a big part of China's future in the NBA. Arguably more than any other prospect, he helped his NBA Draft stock the most. Even before the game, he was turning heads during practices due to his good frame and nice touch around the rim.
But where his ceiling is isn't totally clear. Despite clocking it at close to 250 pounds with thick legs and a great motor, he lacks NBA athleticism and is equipped with short arms. Furthermore, he doesn't run tremendously well, nor does he possess anything offensively close to the basket or facing up from midrange that truly stands out. And not to keep hating on the kid, but he put up those numbers against a U.S. team that had nobody even remotely capable of standing up to his giant 250 pound frame under the basket.
Still, players with that size don't come that often, especially those who are 18 (if his age is indeed correct, not a given). As Tyler Ingle over at NBADraft.net writes in his World Summit recap: "If he continues to refine his scoring ability and upper body in China, then he's a potential draftee in a few years. He's already shown that he can bang in the post, shoot from mid-range and rebound at an effective rate. If he wasn't on the NBA radar before this event, he definitely is now."
Meanwhile, Wang is on the front page of Sina's CBA page where Chinese media is churning out hype from every direction, both from the States (where they are translating almosteverything being written about Wang) and from within the Middle Kingdom itself.
How he plays in the next few seasons in China and how quickly he can climb into the Senior National team will determine exactly how high he'll climb up scouts' draft boards, but it's clear that at present there is nobody in China with a brighter NBA future than young Wang. For now though, it's probably for the best to remain patient, temper expectations, wait until he gets some professional games under his belt, and remember that there will never, ever, ever, ever be another Yao Ming.


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Ed Sheeran Releases New Song 'All of the Stars' [VIDEO]
Ed Sheeran penned an original song for the 'Fault in Our Stars' soundtrack and it is a serious tearjerker.
The ginger singer shared on Twitter that 'All of the Stars' will play over the end-credits of the film adaptation of John Green's award-winning book. Considering the movie is going to be a giant sob-fest from start to finish, we can only imagine this hauntingly beautiful song is going to inspire a fresh round of tears.
The slow tempo of the piano- and guitar-heavy tune, paired with Ed's soft voice, evokes sadness even without any imagery from or reference to the movie. The lyrics are sweet if not forlorn: "So open your eyes and see / The way our horizons meet / And all of the lights will leave / Into the night with me." The chorus finishes with, "All of these stars will guide us home."
The official music video is a simple compilation of brief frames from the movie, inspirational quotes, and super creative fan art. The British singer-songwriter makes an appearance just for a few seconds at the end, sitting on a leather couch in front of the fan art looking as sad as his song made us feel!
'All of the Stars' will undoubtedly be an emotional end to an emotional movie. Tissues at the ready, everyone.
Ed Sheeran Shares His First Impression of Taylor Swift


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Difference between revisions of "Emsat"
From MyLabWiki
(→User Interface)
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* http://www.maemo.org/
* http://www.maemo.org/
* http://maemo.nokia.com/
* http://maemo.nokia.com/
* http://www.slashgear.com/nokia-n900-hands-on-0254743/
* http://www.slashgear.com/nokia-n900-hands-on-0254743/
* http://s60blog.com/2009/09/maemo-5-ui-screenshots-on-the-new-nokia-n900/
* http://s60blog.com/2009/09/maemo-5-ui-screenshots-on-the-new-nokia-n900/
Revision as of 17:22, 22 September 2009
Emsat is a real-time satellite tracking and orbit predictions application for the Maemo platform. The objective is to provide a full featured satellite tracking application that can support portable satellite communications.
User Interface
The user interface must be intuitive so that the user can use the basic functionality of the app without reading any manuals. The HIG[1] will be taken into account.
All function must be reachable using touchscreen only. Maemo 5 GUI design templates are available on the Maemo website[2].
Functional Requirements
- Track objects in space
- Earth orbiting satellites
- Interplanetary spacecraft using data from JPL Horizon
- Sun, Moon, other planets?
- Uses location from built-in GPS via the Location API
- User can specify a fixed location
- Lat/Lon/Alt
- Select a city (OVI map?)
- Maidenhead grid square
- Future passes can be saved to calendar with reminder option
- Hildon Alarm Framework
- Gmail (TBC)
- Emsat built-in scheduler
- Voice announcements
- 5 minute before pass
- At AOS, TCA, and LOS
- Every minute while satellite is in range
- Logging support
- Text (TBC)
- Voice record (TBC)
- Video record (TBC)
Interface Requirements
- Doppler tuning
- Full duplex: IC-910, IC-9100, FT-847, TS-2000
- Simplex: IC-706, IC-7000
- Receiver: FT-817, FT-857, FT-897
- Antenna rotator tracking
- Is this relevant at all for portable ops?
- Might be better to target portable telescope rotators, e.g. Orion TeleTrack or Meade DS-2000.
- Electrical interface
- Bluetooth
- WiFi
- Interface to other applications
- Integration with http://www.ki6amd.com/hamcentral/
- In such case, radio and rotator control should be separate apps allowing access via IPC avaialble on Maemo platform.


text:
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text:
Digigami today announced it is now shipping MPressionist HDTV 3.0 for Macintosh OS X (BSD unix-based) workstations, its flagship diagnostic testing and analysis tool for HDV/DTV/DVB device designers, and quality assurance, broadcast, and software engineers working with standard (SD) and high-definition (HD) MPEG-2 bitstreams.
The product, in it's third major revision, combines bitstream syntax analysis, bitstream standards conformance, encoder performance feedback, statistical bitrate/compression diagnostics and comparative picture analysis tools into an environment designed to increase engineering productivity by linking the engineer's technical expertise and MPEG knowhow with the bitstream syntax and actual moving picture frames. The toolset, which combines a demultiplexing/analysis preprocessing pass with true random access to the bitstream, makes it possible to understand and visualize all aspects of compressed MPEG-2 video, including the spatial/visual, statistical and syntatical elements.
First developed as an internal tool to bootstrap HD encoder development at Digigami, since it's initial public 1.0 release the feature set has grown to encompass a wider variety of testing and diagnostic activities. The product is now in use in codec development, quality assurance, compression service bureaus and post-production facilities, educational and training institions, and broadcast environments.
Built on top of the industrial-strength BSD unix platform of Macintosh OS X, the product works in conjunction with other tools customers have already developed in-house. Because the underlying OS is unix-based, the engineer has access to all the standard unix tools that are commonly used in the professional/engineering workplace. The ability to run on Macintosh hardware also means HD engineers can connect one or more 30" Apple Cinema displays and work with multiple 1920x1080i MPEG-2 HD bitstreams simultaneously.
When dealing with a complex problem space such as HD MPEG-2, the ability of an operator to increase their own knowledge of the domain depends almost exclusively on comparative analysis. It is by objective comparison, and through the identification of key and useful differences, that one's own knowledge expands. Whether it's comparing the statistical bitrate graph of two bitstreams, comparing the relative sizes of I,B and P-frames, comparing gop_header values, comparing source video quality to compressed MPEG quality, or comparing well-formed bitstreams with problematic ones, MPressionist HDTV provides both the visualization tools which lead to intuitive leaps along with the factual bitstream data that is driving the display. Problems are resolved sooner, reducing time-to-market, decreasing support costs, and increasing the productivity of key design and engineering personnel.
The new 3.0 version of Digigami "MPressionist HDTV" is available now for $2997.00 USD. Registered users of version 2.0 are entitled to a free upgrade. Site licenses, educational and volume discounts are available. Digigami is a privately held company headquartered in the greater Los Angeles area. Digigami was founded in 1994 and released its first MPEG-1/MPEG-2 encoder, MegaPEG, in 1996 along with an early Netscape plug-in that provided streaming video in AVI, QuickTime and MPEG formats. For the past 10 years, Digigami has been continuously improving its MPEG compression technology; MPressionist.X Pro HD and MegaPEG.X Pro HD are the most recent additions to the Digigami line.


text:
Which is why I can't wait now for our holiday! Italy here we come, the weather is sunny and in the low 30s. Just had a few cards to make before I pack for those people celebrating whilst we are away.
My mother-in-law is celebrating a birthday and after finding out her favourite colour is red, I made this from the kids.
From us I tried a bit of stamping although no colouring in!


text:
Advanced Search
Called "Ready-Set-Go," the program includes an incentive bonus for each mailbox migrated in addition to product margins, free 30-day use of Quest MessageStats for pre-migration assessments, co-branded marketing tools and technical training.
"This program is for helping people migrate from Exchange 5.5, 2000, 2003, Lotus Notes and Novell Groupwise," says Terri Sinclair, manager of partner marketing for Quest, an Aliso Viejo, Calif.-based developer of performance and productivity tools for applications, databases and Windows infrastructure. "We wanted to come up with a program that would help our partners identify and qualify opportunities, and we wanted to provide some tools that would help move those sales along."
Microsoft released Exchange 2007 to manufacturing in December 2006. In addition to the usual evaluation period after a new release, Exchange 2007 presents an added wrinkle because it's the first major Microsoft infrastructure product to be offered only in 64-bit mode for production environments.
About 25 Quest managed partners were already participating in the "Ready-Set-Go" program as of mid-April, and the company hopes to add more participants to the program, which runs through Dec. 31.
"New partners need to be proficient with Exchange 2007 migrations. There's a requirement to use and learn the Quest solutions, but we're open to new partners," says Sinclair. Partners that have had success with Quest products are typically at least at the Microsoft Certified level and have competencies in Exchange and communications, she says.
With 2005 revenues of $476 million, Quest receives about 40 percent of its revenues through its channel program, either by resale or influenced sales. The company has been a Gold Certified Partner since 2001.
About the Author
Scott Bekker is editor in chief of Redmond Channel Partner magazine.
Microsoft has set aside time to answer questions about its emerging Windows Virtual Desktop service on Wednesday of next week, according to an announcement.
AMD's high-profile EPYC 7002 launch has datacenter analysts wondering if the end of Intel's long reign is nigh.
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Are you in need of monitoring services related to Pacemaker Vest?Our team can help you with your Cardiac Device Monitoring needs
To get your questions answered, you can reach out to us by phone or email.
Contact: 888.948.7884
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Address 1: Rhythm Management Group, PLLC 1050 Connecticut Ave Ste. 500 Washington, DC 20036
Address 2: Rhythm Management Group Corp. 300 Cadman Plaza West One Pierrepont Plaza, 1 12th Floor Brooklyn, NY 11201
To advance the patient's quality of life is the complete health-promoting environment nationwide
Rhythm Management Group is a national provider of reliable heart machine monitoring services. If the patients want solutions for maximizing the welfare of life advantages that they can receive from their implanted apparatus, our duty is to provide such solutions. Many implantable machines for the heart like defibrillators, Heart Failure monitors, single, dual and multi-lead Pacemakers, and the newly released Loop Recorder implant, also referred to as insertable cardiac monitor are the devices suitable with our services.
Real-Time Monitoring For Pacemaker Vest
Real-time observation and event analysis and reporting of a patient's machine are being tested to enhance mortality and reduce the prevalence of hospitalization.
Uncompromised Patient Care
Rhythm Management Group is specialized only in giving a compliant and effective monitoring process for patients searching for the highest quality of care and maximized quality of life.
The Advantages of this Technology for the Patient
The technology of implanting apparatus near the heart of a patient can accomplish a real-time distant observation and is now accessible. Our work is to get the information while working with the machine producers and the doctors so that if any inconsistencies that may be revealed between the regular visits of a patient, we can report on events to the Doctor's office. More likely, the patient can prevent upcoming urgent in-patient care because a possible problem can then be cured much quicker in an out-patient surrounding.
Be Served by the World Class Group of Professionals
Our group includes competent individuals with excellent experience and the passion for patient care. Our executive group has more than 30 years of background experience working in the heart device commerce, directing main machine medical centers and leading the system of machine implantation. All of the clinicians we have are IBHRE Certified device technicians and/or Registered Nurses.
Rhythm Management Group provides you monitoring and assistance if you are looking for Pacemaker Vest.


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Which VPN Is Best for Your Small Business?
When choosing between IPSec and SSL, you might find you need both kinds of VPNs.
Mobile workers are a fact of life for most small businesses and that is often a good thing—for both the company and the employee or contractor. Users who have remote access to your small business network from their home offices or while traveling tend to be more productive and can helps save your company money. The trick, of course, is making sure that the mobile connections to your network are secure. For that, you need an encrypted virtual private network (VPN), which lets remote users safely connect to your network from any location with Internet access.
There are two different types of VPNs: Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). Both VPNs allow you to remotely access network resources—providing a secure and private link to your network via the public Internet—but in different ways. Choosing the one that's right for your small business depends on your existing (or planned) network hardware and the type of users who need remote access to the applications and data on your network.
IPSec vs. SSL VPNs
An IPSec VPN provides secure access to your entire small business network by encrypting data traveling between an IPSec gateway, which is installed on a router or security appliance, and an IPSec remote access client installed on an employee's laptop or smartphone. An IPSec VPN gives users a network experience similar to sitting in the office with native access to all your applications.
An SSL VPN allows users to securely access only specific applications and services on the network via a web browser and is ideal for those small businesses that want to offer secure access to partners, contractors, consultants and suppliers by providing access to only specific applications and services inside their business network. An SSL VPN uses a web browser's security capabilities to secure private network traffic. No special client application is necessary, so users can log into an SSL VPN from any device with a browser and an Internet connection. Because SSL VPNs use an Internet protocol, the applications users access through this type of VPN must be web-enabled.
In general, an IPSec VPN is more secure than an SSL VPN because it requires a special client and can't be accessed by non-sanctioned Internet devices, like a public PC at the local library. It also gives employees access to more applications that don't need a web version to function over the VPN. On the other hand, an SSL VPN makes it easier to give users access to web-based services such as email.
Should you choose one VPN over another, or both?
When deciding which type of VPN to install, the question isn't so much "Which one is better?" but "Which one is better for my business?". Both VPNs have their advantages, and you might even decide you need a "hybrid VPN"—an IPSec VPN for a certain group of users such as employees who need to access all the applications and data within the network and an SSL VPN for providing controlled access to specific applications and services that are pertinent to contractors, consultants, suppliers and partners etc.
In fact, depending on which hardware you choose to provide VPN functionality for your business, you don't necessarily have to choose between the two VPN types. For instance, the Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers has built-in IPSec VPN functionality, and some models, including the RV220W Wireless Network Security Firewall offer both IPSec and SSL VPNs.
See how a Connecticut law firm, Peck & Tuneski, uses a Cisco small business VPN to increase their productivity and billable hours.
Are you currently using a VPN for remote offices or mobile employees? Which did you choose—an IPSec or SSL VPN?
When choosing between IPSec and SSL, you might find you need both kinds of VPNs
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.
4 Comments
nice reference, thank you
I really appreciate this! Thank you!
I feel so much happier now I understand all this. Thanks!
That's way the best answer so far!


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DAR BAR5250 Barclay Polished Chrome Bathroom Round Flush 310mm
Our delivery schedules for lighting products:
Warehouse stock: 1 Working Day (We stock 5,000 products)
If we do not have your order available in the warehouse, then the delivery schedule is as follows: DAR Wisebuys: 2-3 Days, Febland: 5 Days, Eglo: 5-7 Days, Venture 2-3 Days, Oaks Lighting 2-3 Days, Ideal Lux 7-10 Days.
We are ordering products on a daily basis, however of you do have any time constraints, then please contact us prior to ordering to obtain an accurate delivery date - 0121 783 2726. In the unlikely event we are unable to make the schedules above, we will continue to communicate the expected receipt of your order.
Delivery to the UK and Northern Ireland is only £5.95 for orders under the value of £75.00.
If you spend £75.00 or more then deliveries are FREE.
We would normally expect you to receive your order within 2-5 working days, however from time to time we may experience problems outside our control which would delay your order. Please allow 7-10 days for delivery especially in Northern Ireland, Off the mainland UK and some Scottish regions.
A delivery charge of £19.95 per order for Channel Islands.
If you do have any concerns with time frames, please contact us on 0121 783 2726 to avoid disappointment.
Consumers - We are happy to accept any returns within 7 days from order received. The products must be returned in a resaleable condition with no damage to the product or box. Full details of the returns policy can be found here: Discount Home Lighting Terms of Business.
IDEAL LUX LIGHTING - As a hand finished product we cannot except returns for any reason. More information can be found here: IDEAL LUX RETURNS
Business Customers - Please note we are unable to accept any returns from business customers. Full details of the returns policy can be found here: Discount Home Lighting Terms of Business.
If you are unsure of any product or policy offered by Discount Home Lighting then please feel free to email us at email@example.com or tel 0121 783 2726.
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Welcome to the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) web site – the source for information on quantifying and evaluating highway safety performance using the Highway Safety Manual. This web site includes information on:
While this web site is hosted by AASHTO, the Association works closely with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety (click here to visit the FHWA HSM web page) and the Transportation Research Board (TRB)
Highway Safety Performance Committee on issues related to the HSM.
Click on the boxes below to find out what's new, view an informational video on the HSM, reach out to HSM users through our Discussion Forum, or find out the technical changes to the document.


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Jokes for people who are Married or who wants to get married. Read the jokes to know the Hidden Truths behind such relations.
Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
Allows you to choose the data by which the thread list will be sorted.
Order threads in...
Note: when sorting by date, 'descending order' will show the newest results first.
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Myths & Truths About The Ways Pregnancy Can Occur
Myths & Truths About The Ways Pregnancy Can Occur
If penetration only happens for a few seconds, a woman can't get pregnant. (False)
Anytime the penis comes into direct contact with the vaginal area, there is the change of pregnancy. The chance may not be as high as if intercourse with ejaculation took place, but there is still a risk. The transmission of STDs can also happen through any type of skin to skin contact like this.
Pregnancy can occur if a woman and a guy have faux sex or dry sex. (True)
This is when there is no penetration, but there is skin to skin contact of the genital area. Again, anytime the penis and the vaginal area come into contact, there is the slight risk of pregnancy and a risk for STD transmission.
A woman can't get pregnant from pre-ejaculation. (False)
Pre-ejaculation (seminal fluid) is the liquid that seeps out of the penis before ejaculation occurs. Most guys have no control over it and cannot feel it coming out. This type of fluid does have sperm in it and can result in pregnancy. This is part of the reason why the withdrawal method of birth control is not as effective as other methods.
Pregnancy can occur if the woman does not have an orgasm. (True)
Pregnancy can occur even if a woman does not have an orgasm. An orgasm is not related to an egg being available for fertilization.
Women can easily become pregnant from sperm that has traveled through clothing or material. (False)
If the clothing was completely saturated with semen and was in direct contact with a woman's vagina, there is a very slight chance the sperm could enter the vagina, but this is highly unlikely. No conclusive studies have been found to give a definite answer on this possibility.
A woman can't get pregnant from having sex in water. (False)
If actual intercourse takes place in any type of water, pregnancy is definitely a possibility. This is because intercourse will allow the sperm to be directly deposited in the girl's vaginal area, and the water on the outside of the body would not interfere with this.
It is very likely that pregnancy will occur if ejaculation takes place in water. (False)
It is not likely that tiny sperm could travel through the vast area of water that would fill a pool, bath tub or hot tub to reach a girl's vagina and result in pregnancy. If ejaculation occurred in plain warm water, sperm could survive for a few minutes. If ejaculation occurs in very hot water, or water filled with pool chemicals, bubbles or other substances, sperm would not be able to survive for more than a few seconds. Pregnancy occurring from this is very unlikely and in most cases is not possible at all.
Pregnancy commonly occurs from having anal sex. (False)
Pregnancy cannot occur from the act of anal sex, but because the vaginal opening and the anus are very close together, there is the chance that sperm could leak into the vagina and travel to fertilize an egg.
Ejaculating numerous times lessens the chance of pregnancy occurring. (False)
The number of times ejaculation takes place does not affect the chance of pregnancy. Each ejaculation contains about 300 million sperm, and only one is needed to fertilize an egg.
Sperm dies once it reaches the air because oxygen kills sperm. (False)
This is a myth that many people believe in, but it is not true! Once sperm is DRY it is dead and cannot travel to fertilize an egg. Sperm can live for 3-5 days if it is in a warm, moist environment such as the cervix of a woman. Sperm cannot come back to life once it has dried, even if it is remoistened!
Before getting pregnant – What you should know
- Common Questions About Pregnancy
- Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation
- Oral Contraception (Birth Control Pills)
- Possible Symptoms of Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Testing Methods
For more information:
Go to the Pregnancy health topic.


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smbclient – Backtrack 5 – Information Gathering – Network Analysis – SMB Analysis – smbclient.py
In the Backtrack menu under Information Gathering > Network Analysis > SMB Analysis there is a menu item named smbclient which should actually be named smbclient.py. While the smbclient.py script does actually use smbclient it provides a different interface, commands, no switches, etc. making it fairly different than smbclient itself. While both smbclient and smbclient.py are supposed to provide the same end results they don't because smbclient.py is extremely buggy so I will be writing an article on each so there is no confusion.


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HP, the tech giant that it is, can choose not to call its new 6-inch device a smartphone, or even a phablet, but we are pretty sure that the HP Slate 6 Voice Tab is one. And a good one at that too. Here is why.
It looks and feels like a smartphone: If you had doubts of what the Slate 6 VoiceTab would look like, you would be disappointed when you opened the box. For it looks like any other six-inch smartphone, the Sony Xperia Z or the HTC One Max. Six inches means any adult can easily grip the phone and make a call. Six inches means you can afford not to invest in a tablet to go along with your phone. The Slate 6 has superb build quality, the kind you would expect from a company like HP which has always dabbled with premium devices. But we are not so sure about the bling factor. There is a champagne finish metallic frame that runs around that device along with a shiny texture back. Not for everyone I would say.
It does everything that a phone does: Seven inch tablets with voice are primarily tablets that let you make voice calls too. That is meant for people who would use the device primary for tablet-like data-heavy uses. With the Slate 6, you don't have to make that sacrifice. Use it just as a phone and you would be quite happy. Yes, it is difficult to make calls with one hand. But people won't stare at you if you keep this device to your ear, unlike those using a tiffin box-sized tablet for the same. The audio quality is really good, and that is a plus for all tablets with voice don't do all that well on this front. In other words, you can use this as a phone without a Bluetooth device, that is almost a prerequisite with voice tabs. Plus, it has two SIM slots. How many tablets do you know that do that?
Its performance rivals top-end smartphones: Any tablet with voice calling will have the performance of a tablet, which often is not at par with that of a smartphone. It won't take you long to realise that the Slate 6 is different. It is not powered by a Quallcomm or MediaTek processor, but the Marvell PXA1088 1.2Ghz Quad Core is fast and slick. The multi-tasking that Android 4.3 affords you is seamless and easy thanks to the powerful processor. If benchmarks scores are your dope, then let me tell you that the scores are what you would find in the best mid-range phones. That would be above the Samsung Galaxy S2 and below Google Nexus 4, numbers almost impossible to achieve for the present day voice tablets. Use the Full HD screen for gaming or to watch a HD video, you won't be disappointed with the graphics quality or the overall experience. Plus, it has two front firing speakers that are never seen in tablets.
It is also priced like a smartphone: Of late, seven-inch voice tablets have been priced quite affordably. But the Slate 6 is priced more like a middle segment smartphone at a very competitive Rs 22,999.
However, it has the camera of tablet: With all those smartphone like features listed above you would expect this device to have at least a 8MP camera. But that is not the case. It seems this where HP decided to cut corners, as the rear camera has a measly 5MP sensor. Compare this to the other six-inchers that sport 13MP and so on. The results are decent in daylight and very so-so indoors and in low light. In artificial light it lacks clarity and that is very dissapointng. And yes, it reminds me of tablets, not smartphones.
It also has the battery of a tablet, and that is good: This is one of the best features of this device. The 3000 mAh battery can easily last 36 hours with decent use. It will last more if you are using it like a second device. If only more smartphones behaved this way.
So should you buy this as a tablet or a smartphone: If you are looking for a tablet that can make calls once in a while then look for cheaper options. But if you want smartphone that is as good as a tablet, then this is a good option that is much cheaper than than the Samsung Galaxy Note 3, the clear leaders in this segment. But the device is good value for money without an element of doubt.
Tech Specs: 6-inch 720p HD IPS screen | 1.2GHz quad-core Marvell PXA1088 processor | 1GB RAM | 16GB storage + microSD slot (64GB) | 5MP rear camera, 2MP front camera | Dual SIM slots 2G/3G | 3000 mAh battery | Android 4.3 | Buletooth 3.0, WiFi – 802.11b/g/n & WAPI, GPS&AGPS
Rs 22,999


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Jay-Z made the news recently after acquiring Swedish music streaming company Aspiro for $54 million. Aspiro is an umbrella corporation housing music streaming services WiMP and Tidal, the latter of which Jay-Z is planning on branding as a contender with music streaming monopoly Spotify. If Tidal does well, it will be for one ...Read More »
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Supervisor Resources
Conflict Resolution Process (CRP), Faculty/Staff Assistance Program (Encompass), Inclusion & Equity, Performance Development Program (ePDP), Policy & Contract Administration, Workers Compensation, HR Planning, PSS Development Credit Approval Form.
Time Card Policy & Procedure (Public Safety), Time Keeping Policy, Ultra Time, Time Off / Leaves.
New Staff Member Checklist, New Staff Orientation Website, Benefits Enrollment & Eligibility Overview, New Staff Onboarding, Relocation Resources.


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1938 Winchester Super Speed Shells Shotguns Model 12 vintage print ad
$ 9.95
This original vintage print advertisement from an old magazine would look great properly matted and framed. Date, if known, is listed in the title. Total approximate size is 16.5" x 11.5". See scan(s) for details regarding condition of actual item.
This is an original paper advertisement removed from a vintage magazine.
Our items are all stored in protective sheets, most with acid-free backing boards. We ship items in rigid mailers, bubble envelopes, or cardboard boxes. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask.


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|Emba-62 -- Communication wth EMBA Class 62
|About Emba-62
For use by Executive MBA instructors, administrators and staff involved with EMBA Class 62. This mailing list will be used to send/receive communication to Class 62 students with any information tied to their program.
To see the collection of prior postings to the list, visit the Emba-62 Archives. (The current archive is only available to the list members.)
|Using Emba-62
To post a message to all the list members, send email to
You can subscribe to the list, or change your existing subscription, in the sections below.
|Subscribing to Emba-62
Subscribe to Emba-62 by filling out the following form. You will be sent email requesting confirmation, to prevent others from gratuitously subscribing you. Once confirmation is received, your request will be held for approval by the list moderator. You will be notified of the moderator's decision by email. This is also a hidden list, which means that the list of members is available only to the list administrator.
|Emba-62 Subscribers
version 2.1.24


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Copper, a barometer for the global economy, broke a key support level, signaling more selling ahead for the metal and possibly stocks and other risk assets.
"Today copper has been weak because the IMF came out with lower expectations of the euro zone economy and the IMF is saying we don't see great physical demand at this time," said George Gero, an analyst with RBC.
Copper fell more than 3.5 percent and closed at $3.1875, its first close below the key support level of $3.20 since October 2011. Copper has moved down in the commodities shakeout that knocked more than 2 percent off the price of oil Wednesday. Gold attempted to stabilize at a higher level, but it was also lower on the day.
(Read More: Cramer: The Gold Market Is Being 'Frozen')


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Comfort, services and scenery help provide the Aries hotel with all the comforts to make your stay a truly unforgettable experience. Enjoy the mountain or slopes views from your room or a fine meal in one of the hotels two restaurants complimented with a Wine Bar. The hotel is located at the bottom of the Urano and Selene lifts and is ski-in-out, within walking distance of the Urano Teleski. After skiing, relax in the spa area where you can enjoy the outdoor heated pool, gym, sauna, jacuzzi or many body treatments. Guests are free to use the ski room with boot driers and a ski rental and repair center that is available and staffed with expert technicians.
This is a skier's hotel located right at the base of the slopes. Experience the warm atmosphere of the hotel and the Health facilities at the Hotel Piscis next door. Rooms enjoy a view of the mountains or slopes and come equipped with cable TV, safety boxes and telephones. A ski room which comes equipped with boot driers and expert technicians on staff is available to all guests of the hotel.
Class and comfort surround you in this resort hotel located at the base of the slopes high in the Andes' most exclusive ski resort in South America. At the Piscis you will find the perfect balance between great skiing and the complete hotel. Enjoy the mountain or slopes views from your room or a fine meal in one of the hotels 3 International restaurants. Make use of the hotels many amenities including the heated indoor & outdoor pools, sauna and spa center. In the evening come and be entertained in the casino or one of the many bars with nightly entertainment. Guests are free to use the fully funtional ski room which comes equipped with boot driers and is staffed with expert technicians to provide you with information and assistance that may be required.
210 Aspen Airport Business Center, Suite AA


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Senior softball
The Slammers, a senior softball team in Brunswick County, will open the 2008 season Tuesday, Feb. 26, with a 10 a.m. practice at Shallotte Park.
The team is entering its 13th season and is open to men 55 years and older who want to play slow-pitch softball for fun, exercise and camaraderie.
Weekly games are played locally. Players also may choose to participate in tournaments with other teams from the Carolinas and in the North Carolina State Senior Games.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the The Brunswick Beacon, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
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In addition to our seed and peanut feeder ranges we also offer a range of fat and suet feeders to help you attract and feed a wide range of birds. As a rule of thumb providing a wide range of foods will attract a wider range of bird species to your garden, and this selection of feeders will enable you to do so.
Get in touch by filling in the form below