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Generators & Power Supplies
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Generators and Power Supplies
Random power outages always seem to happen at the worst possible time, which is why having an alternative power supply like a backup generator is such a good idea. Sam's Club® offers lots of options. Whether you're looking for a small generator for a campsite, a battery charger for your golf cart or an off-grid solar panel kit to keep your home lit at night, you'll find a solution here.
Generator Options
Generators come in different sizes, ranging from small home generators to larger industrial generators. The most important thing to factor in your decision is the power rating (measured in watts of kilowatts). The generator you pick should be able to support whatever devices you want to power. You'll also need to decide whether you want a gasoline-powered generator or one that runs on diesel.
Some of the power generators at Sam's Club come with a pull cord while others come with a battery-powered ignition. You'll also find power supply generators equipped with an automatic-start feature that turn on immediately the power goes off—without you doing anything. Other things to consider include whether the generator comes with a fuel gauge, low-oil shutoff and multiple outlets. You'll also need a power supply transfer switch for your space, if you don't already have one installed.
Alternative Energy and Inverters
Powering your space with alternative energy is not just a great way of limiting your dependence on the power grid; it is also a great way of lowering your energy costs. At Sam's Club, you'll find many solar-powered lighting devices, including pathway lamps and outdoor lamp posts. Sam's Club also offers a nice array of wind-powered generators, so you have flexible options. If you own an RV, then you already appreciate the benefits of having a reliable battery or inverter system. Batteries and chargers are also a good idea, especially if you own a golf cart or equipment that depends on a battery. You'll find a wide selection of power inverters and battery chargers along with home generators and accessories at Sam's Club.


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Live Assist- Microsoft Support
(Last Updated On: February 26, 2018)
The basic trouble shooting is to repair the office program , if it fails we need to uninstall and re-install the program. The necessary steps may be helpful in understanding how to install Office and Uninstall/repair Office programs.
You might need to restart your computer after the repair is complete.
You might need to restart your computer after the repair is complete.
If the issue still persists you need to uninstall the office and re install.
Type in the product key and click on Setup It will ask you to login to your Microsoft account. So that the new installation is associated with your Microsoft Account. Hence it is not required to keep the product key for the future use. It will be added to your Microsoft Account. Follow the below steps to complete the installation Now you are good to use the new Office 2013 or Office 365.
still need assistance(remote or live) to resolve the issue initiate the chat.

subset: commoncrawl


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The drumbeat already has started in Oakland: Rookie Tyler Wilson might wind up competing to earn snaps at quarterback down the line in 2013. Coach Dennis Allen wants to make it clear, though, that Wilson and backup quarterback Terrelle Pryor have an uphill battle against Matt Flynn.
"Matt's our starting quarterback as we go forward right now, and until the competition dictates otherwise, that's where we're going," Allen said Tuesday, via the Oakland Tribune.
This isn't a true competition like the New York Jets are having; it's Flynn's job. Raiders general manager Reggie McKenzie said previously Flynn is the "presumed starter" and we highly doubt there's anything the quarterback could do in the offseason that would change that. Flynn says he's not worried about Pryor and Wilson; there's a new playbook to learn.
Early reports out of Oakland suggest that all of the Raiders' quarterbacks are struggling to pick up the offense thus far. But it's only May. We don't think Flynn has to worry about his job unless he starts struggling in September and October.
Follow Gregg Rosenthal on Twitter @greggrosenthal.


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An unbelievable phenomenon has occurred rattling kids all across Dimmsdale: there's no TV reception! Preventing kids from watching the season finale of Crash Nebula sends Timmy and his Fairy Godparents on a journey that delves deeper than simple TV static. In this adventure based on the Nickelodeon cartoon series, the ex-monarchs of the Fairy World have created a devious plan to take over Dimmsdale. By eliminating most of Cosmo and Wanda's wishing power, Timmy Turner is left to save the town by gathering enough wish stars and making inventive wishes. As Timmy Turner, the player will have to combine zany strategy with help from the wacky Cosmo and Wanda to restore order.
Release Region: United States
Release Date: September 9, 2004
Publisher: THQ
Also available on: Game Boy Advance, GameCube, PlayStation 2
For more info on these technical requirements and features, please view GameSpy's Specs FAQ.
Fairly OddParents: Sha... at IGN
Fairly OddParents: Sha... at GameSpy
Fairly OddParents: Sha... at GameStats


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Honeywell's Tuxedo Touch is a 7", high-resolution graphic touchscreen that functions as an integrated security system, home controller, camera viewer and digital picture frame in one. It a cost-effective way to capture new markets by seamlessly integrating security with cameras and Z-Wave(R) enabled thermostats, lights, locks and shades. Homeowners can receive important alerts about events remotely with Total Connect(TM) Remote Services-a great RMR opportunity.
Whether controlling the security system or other functions within the home, the large graphic icons-which also match the Total Connect interface-simplify operation. A built-in web server lets end-users control Tuxedo Touch anywhere in their home and view live video on up to four local cameras per screen on an iPhone(R), iPad(R), Android(TM), BlackBerry(R), Internet TV or any compatible wireless mobile device.* Requires Ethernet connection to premises LAN.
A digital picture frame feature can be managed by end-users with the simple insertion of an SD card-letting them create cinema-quality slideshows right at the Tuxedo Touch display. A choice of white or silver/black blend with any decor.
Tuxedo Touch is available in English, French Canadian and Spanish language options, with voice annunciation of alarm status (English only).
- 7" color widescreen display
- 480 x 640 resolution TFT display with 16 million colors
- Intuitive, easy to use interface with large icons and menu driven navigation
- Icons match Total Connect to help up-sell remote services
- Centralized control of security system, video cameras, Z-Wave enabled thermostats, lights, locks and more from your Tuxedo Touch
- Z-Wave controller built-in
- Supports up to 232 Z-Wave devices
- Most Z-Wave enabled thermostats, locks, lights and shades are compatible (see compatibility charts)
- Manage energy costs with customized scenes that can control Z-Wave enabled thermostats and lights based on system events or time and day (up to 10 scenes)
- View up to four IP cameras at once on the Tuxedo Touch display
- Built-in web server allows for local control of your Tuxedo Touch system through any Wi-Fi enabled device (smartphone, iPad, iPhone, PC, Internet TV)
- View your local weather right on the keypad
- Customizable displays:
- Dealer logo and company information can be customized on the homescreen
- Digital picture frame slideshow adds around the clock enduser value
- Video player creates digital billboard or training vehicle for your business needs
- Voice annunciation of the type and location of alarm so endusers can act quickly in an emergency (English only)
- Three different languages can be displayed (English, French Canadian and Spanish)
- Family message center lets users record and playback messages
- Available in two colors (white and silver)
- Embedded training videos inside the keypad
- Tuxedo Touch sales video
- Programming Z-Wave device into Tuxedo Touch training video
- Programming Z-Wave scenes in Tuxedo Touch
- How to use web server for local Wi-Fi enabled device control training video
- How to customize homescreen for dealer, digital picture frame and video viewer training video
- How to install and program IP cameras training video
*iPhone and iPad are registered trademarks of Apple(R) Inc. All other trademarks are properties of their respective owners.
Additional Info
Additional Info
|Part Number
|What's in the box
|(1) Honeywell Tuxedo Touch Screen Keypad - White
Write Your Own Review
|8.23" W x 5.59" H x 1.13" D
(Standard four-wire connection)
|Black Ground
Red +12VDC (Aux Power)
Green "Data in" to control panel
Yellow "Data out" from control panel
|Current Draw
|Backlight OFF, Sound OFF - 12V, 180mA
Backlight ON, Sound OFF - 12V, 260mA
Backlight ON, Sound ON - 12V, 305mA


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My love for kale chips borders on obsession. It's probably illegal in most states. I've made several version of kale chips including plain salt and olive oil, sour cream and onion, and applewood smoked. These are my favorite yet and I just had to share!
I first started making kale chips in the oven, but after burning them almost every time I decided to try a dehydrator. What a huge difference it makes! Now I can have kale chips that are crispy and crunchy but never burned, every time. Even when I forget about them and end up cooking them for almost 24 hours. Not only does the dehydrator save energy and preserve nutrients, but it's also fool proof to use since it "cooks" so slowly that the amount of time doesn't have to be exact.
But don't let not having a dehydrator prevent you from trying these out. They are so ridiculously delicious and packed with nutrition that you will want to try them out. Kale haters have been known to fall in love with these chips. I have been known to forget to tell the husband I made these in order to keep them all for myself…
Kale is an excellent source of vitamins A,C, and K as well as a good source of minerals like calcium, iron, and manganese. Additionally, as a member of the Brassica Family (like broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower), this veggie contains compounds which have been shown to inhibit cancer activity. So what are you waiting for?
Chipotle-Cheddar Kale Chips:
– 1 bunch kale (curly varieties work best for kale chips, but lacinato will work too)
-3/4 cup raw cashews, preferably soaked for at least an hour
-1 chipotle chile in adobo sauce
-1 clove garlic, peeled
– 2 Tablespoons nutritional yeast (helps contribute to "cheesy flavor and is high in B vitamins)
– 1 Tablespoon olive oil
– 1 Tablespoon apple cider vinegar (lemon juice can be substituted)
– 1 teaspoon agave nectar
– scant 1/2 teaspoon sea salt, or to taste
– 1/3 to 1/2 cup water as needed for blending
1. Wash and dry kale. Remove the tough stems and tear into bite sized pieces, placing them in a large bowl. There should be able 6-7 cups. It will look much smalled when it is dehydrated though!
2. Combine all other ingredients except water in a high speed blender. Add about 1/4 cup water and blend until smooth, adding more water as needed.
3. Pour the sauce over the kale and mix well. Distribute evenly among the trays of your dehydrator and dehydrate about 10-12 hours. I like to do this over night so I don't feel like I have to wait so long. OR you can bake these at about 250F for about an hour, or until crispy.
These can be stored in jars or plastic containers (just not bags- they may crumble) and make a great on-the-go snack. I hope you enjoy them as much as I do!


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The NFL.com Leaderboard ranks the top teams across all NFL-Managed leagues by analyzing a team's season-to-date performance and adjusting for league strength. All teams are subject to Legal Restrictions. Note that only league-winning teams will be included on the Leaderboard at the end of the fantasy football season.
|Team (League)
|Win Pct
|Tot Pts
|Pts Against
|Adjusted Pts.


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Alternate Product Views
Custom 4x9 Complete Welcome Packet
- SKU # : Custom 4x9 Pkg
Custom 4x9 Complete Welcome Packet
- A complete, fully customized Welcome Packet!
- Everything is customized with your colors, logo and information
- QR code on the inside left pocket leading to your website/facebook page
- 4" wide x 9" tall when closed
- Includes up to 7 staggered sized inserts, all customized with your information (Schedule, ministries, mission statement, etc.)
- Includes twice as many regular business cards as packets on your first order
- Free matching Guest Invitation cards (Equal to the number of packets you order)
- Includes printing on the inside body of the folder


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Made in the USA Drinkware
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Utilizing drinkware products made in the USA to anchor your next campaign is a great way showing your support for American industry. Our collection features a number of items from which to choose, including traditional coffee mugs, travel water bottles and fun stadium cups, all of which can be imprinted with a company name and logo for maximum brand exposure. Whether you work at on organization that specifically utilizes drinkware made in the USA- such as a historic restaurant, hotel or brewery- or perhaps another industry, distributing these types of products can greatly increase brand awareness. Additionally, the vast majority of these products have lids and handles so they are great for recipients on the go. Furthermore, the fact that recipients will appreciate the high functionality of these items means that companies may also use them to improve relations amongst existing clients and employees.


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Politics & Government
Texas governor to send 1,000 guardsmen to border
Gov. Rick Perry, a vocal critic of the White House's response to the surge of children and families entering the U.S. illegally, plans to deploy as many as 1,000 National Guard troops to the Texas-Mexico border, a local lawmaker confirmed Monday.
Perry, who is mulling a second presidential run after his 2012 bid flamed out in a series of public gaffes, spent part of the weekend in Iowa, where he questioned President Barack Obama's commitment to securing the border and said Texas would do so if the federal government did not.
State Rep. Terry Canales said he was briefed by his staff Sunday following a conference call with the governor's office, the Texas National Guard and the state Department of Public Safety. Perry's office hasn't commented, but he is scheduled to make the announcement Monday afternoon at the state Capitol in Austin.
More than 3,000 Border Patrol agents currently work in the region, and Perry has repeatedly asked Obama to send the National Guard to the border. Much of the area has been overwhelmed in recent months by tens of thousands of unaccompanied children illegally entering the U.S.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection didn't immediately respond to a request for comment Monday. The governor's plans were first reported by The Monitor newspaper in McAllen, Texas.
As governor, Perry is commander in chief of Texas military forces unless those forces have already been mobilized by the White House. President George W. Bush sent 6,000 National Guard troops to the border in 2006, and Obama eventually extended that deployment while ordering a second wave of National Guard forces to Texas, California, Arizona and New Mexico in 2010. But the second round saw reduced numbers of troops, and most of their work was limited to air patrols in counterdrug operations.
Perry announced last month that Texas would steer another $1.3 million each week to the Department of Public Safety to assist in border security through at least the end of the year. In a letter to Obama on June 20, Perry made several requests for help along the border, including 1,000 National Guard troops, additional helicopters and giving troops "arrest powers to support Border Patrol operations until sufficient Border Patrol resources can be hired, trained and deployed to the border."
It's not clear why Perry would need the Obama administration to authorize arrest powers and the governor's office has not offered details ahead of the announcement. Texas law simply states that the governor can "adopt rules and regulations governing enlistment, organization, administration" of the Texas State Guard.
In a White House letter to Perry on July 7, Obama adviser Valerie Jarrett laid out steps the administration was taking to deal with what the president had called an "urgent humanitarian situation," but did not mention the National Guard. Obama met with Perry two days later in Dallas, and the administration has worked with Mexico and other countries the immigrants are leaving to make it clear they will not be allowed to stay in the U.S.
On previous border deployments, National Guard soldiers have served in support roles – administrative, intelligence gathering – while the Border Patrol expanded its ranks. Some National Guard troops already participate in counter-drug operations on the border, though they don't have arrest powers.
Since October, more than 57,000 unaccompanied children and teenagers have entered the U.S. illegally – more than double compared to the same period a year earlier. Most have been from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador, where rampant gang violence and intense poverty have driven tens of thousands of people outside their borders.
Their numbers overwhelmed Border Patrol facilities in the Rio Grande Valley, leading Perry and the Texas Department of Public Safety to argue that Border Patrol agents distracted by groups of children and families were leaving gaps.
Most of those children have been turning themselves in to the first person in a uniform they see.
On Monday, Canales questioned Perry's plan of sending National Guard troops to the border.
"I don't understand what their tactic is, and I don't think it's going to work," the Democrat said.
He said the state may see a dip in the short term, but that such a surge by the state is unsustainable and the drug cartels would simply wait the troops out.
"They might get the desired effect, but it won't last long," he said.


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For this Asian Pacific American Heritage Month I asked Asian-Americans involved in the arts to get at me. The first to do so was Kent Lambert, an experimental pop guy who lives in Chicago and is the front man for Roommate.
Eric: How is your Asian Pacific American Heritage Month going?
Kent Lambert: It's going swimmingly, thank you.
Eric: Have you done anything to honor or celebrate APA Month?
KL: I consider this interview the official kick-off to my APA Month festivities. Next week I just might whip up an old-fashioned Japanese meal of miso soup with brown rice and "tofu steaks," and I'll be posting some labels of old Enka 45s I swiped from my mom to Collector Not Completist. Perhaps some bi bim bop and bánh mì before the month is through. Sake and/or sh?ch?.


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A look at what's happening all around the majors today:
Astros ace Dallas Keuchel opposes Yankees right-hander Masahiro Tanaka in the opener of their AL Championship Series at Minute Maid Park. It's a rematch of the 2015 wild-card game, when Keuchel dominated a lineup that included current New York regulars Brett Gardner, Chase Headley, Greg Bird and Didi Gregorius — that group was 2 for 9 with four strikeouts against Keuchel in a 3-0 loss. Keuchel also stumped the Yankees in a start this May, striking out nine with just an unearned run over six innings.
Tanaka had an up-and-down season but has been riding high of late. After finishing the regular season with a 15-strikeout game against Toronto, Tanaka pitched three-hit ball over seven innings in a 1-0 Game 3 win against Cleveland during the ALDS. The Japanese hurler with the nasty split-finger fastball has a 1.50 ERA over two career playoff starts.
Yankees slugger Aaron Judge was out of whack in the AL Division Series, going 1 for 20 and striking out a whopping 16 times vs. Cleveland. The rookie led the AL with 52 home runs this season and also topped the majors with 208 strikeouts.
Judge's slump brought to mind other severe playoff skids. Yankees star Robinson Cano went 3 for 40 in the 2012 postseason and was hitless in 29 straight at-bats. In 1995, big-hitting Reds outfielder Reggie Sanders struck out 19 times while going 4 for 29. Reigning NL MVP Kris Bryant fanned in six straight at-bats for the Cubs this week in the NLDS vs. Washington.
Dodgers star shortstop Corey Seager is getting over a sore back. He didn't practice during a workout at Dodger Stadium, two days before the NL Championship Series opener at home against the Chicago Cubs. The 23-year-old aggravated his back during the NLDS win over Arizona earlier this week. He's expected to be OK for Los Angeles in Game 1.
The Cubs beat Washington 9-8 in the deciding Game 5 of the NLDS late Thursday night. Chicago topped the Dodgers in six games last year in the NLCS.
Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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General Mills Says If You 'Like' Cheerios On Facebook, You Can No Longer Sue
from the likewrap deptThree years ago when the Supreme Court ruled in AT&T Mobility v. Concepcion, basically allowing binding arbitration clauses in contracts to exclude class action suits, we noted that it was an unfortunate pitting of a broken class action system against a broken arbitration system. Both arbitration and class action lawsuits may have some good features -- and the concepts behind each sound good, but both have been abused to extreme levels. On the class action side, often these lawsuits have little to do with righting wrongs, and very much to do with big paydays for lawyers (and some companies even turn class action lawsuits into marketing opportunities).
On the arbitration side, while the theory of having a neutral third party settle the dispute without having to go through an expensive litigation process certainly sounds good, the reality is quite different. Since arbitrators are hired, and large companies are frequent employers, arbitrators have very strong incentives to side with those companies, in order to make sure they'll be hired in the future. When you have one party who is likely to be a frequent employer, and another who will only engage in the transaction once, guess where the bias is going to fall. And, indeed, multiple studies have shown that's exactly what happens. In one case 94% of rulings went against consumers. Another study showed that companies that regularly use arbitration get higher awards.
So neither side in that fight necessarily could be said to "represent the good guys." However, as we noted when the Supreme Court ruling came out, it seemed likely that this would lead to companies putting arbitration clauses absolutely everywhere. At the time, we suggested a simple fix: have Congress make it clear that you can't give up your right to go to court based on a non-negotiated contract. And that still seems to make sense, but of course, nothing has actually been done.
It should come as little surprise, then, that the prediction of seeing companies put arbitration clauses absolutely everywhere is happening -- and to ridiculous levels. The NY Times has an article about how General Mills, makers of Cheerios, Chex and lots of other cereals, has updated some legalese on their own website to basically say if you do absolutely anything related to its cereals -- including liking them on Facebook, or buying them -- you give up your right to go to court and are agreeing to arbitration:
General Mills, the maker of cereals like Cheerios and Chex as well as brands like Bisquick and Betty Crocker, has quietly added language to its website to alert consumers that they give up their right to sue the company if they download coupons, "join" it in online communities like Facebook, enter a company-sponsored sweepstakes or contest or interact with it in a variety of other ways.While one might argue that you get what you deserve when you "like" a cereal on Facebook, this still seems ridiculous and excessive. I can almost see the sense of saying if it's in a binding contract you sign as a subscriber (e.g., mobile phone service) such a clause can be considered legit, but something like this, which isn't even "clickwrap" but more "likewrap" can't possibly be legally binding. Not only has the person probably not read the details, from what's being said, this "binding arbitration" clause may appear on a website they've never visited at all. I can't see how that can or should be considered a true contract in any sense of the word.
Instead, anyone who has received anything that could be construed as a benefit and who then has a dispute with the company over its products will have to use informal negotiation via email or go through arbitration to seek relief, according to the new terms posted on its site.
In language added on Tuesday after The New York Times contacted it about the changes, General Mills seemed to go even further, suggesting that buying its products would bind consumers to those terms.
Filed Under: arbitration, binding arbitration, binding terms, cheerios, class action, liking
Companies: general mills


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No one everzwijn survives dating a divorced boy, whether it's for a year, ten years, 30 years or even a hundred years.
A year ago I wrote a hub called "seven reasons why you shouldn't date a divorced man." I wrote this hub based on my practice on this matter and the practices of some people I know. Unnecessary to say, I wasgoed shocked with the responses I received. It seems this topic is a acute smash that hammers through the majority of the human wedloop and whilst some agreed with my hub, most dismissed it spil written by a scorned woman. Yes, I do admit I wasgoed scorned whilst I wrote it, but then I determined to dig deeper into this and ask people who have dated divorced studs and their practices. It took mij three months to vraaggesprek about a thousand people who have had relationships with divorced studs and their thoughts on this subject. I created a forum type of discussion and collected information based on statistical analysis.
The results were very interesting. It shows a verdadero picture of how divorce totally demolishes the human anatomy of relationships te all aspects of interacting physically, emotionally and mentally. Even tho' I gathered about a hundred reasons why dating a divorced man is just not wise, I will elaborate on the seven most common answers that I received.
Goodbye Very first Time Thrill Effect
This wasgoed the most common point that all my respondents pointed out on. Here is my favourite reaction that wasgoed submitted by Eileen Wormack, a dentist who dated a divorced dude with two kids for three years:
"You will never practice the joy of very first time-ness. I don't care if he is the prince above all princes, the flawless and supreme human being, you will never have the joy of experiencing anything very first together. He has already had that very first time thrill. When he very first proposed to the ex, the very first wedding, the very first honeymoon, the very first kid he eyed being born, the very first time he bought the eternal huis with hier, the very first time they went on holiday together etc. He waterput his heart and soul into "the very first thrill" so when he starts dating you, it is no longer a thrill to him and neither is his heart and soul te it. It's just another wedding, another honeymoon, another kid, another, another, another. It may thrill you, but you can be thrilled spil a singleton so why lodge with a bloke you can't have "the thrill" with? The thrill only happens merienda and merienda only ter a lifetime so if you choose to date a divorced man, you're denying yourself one of the fundamental joys of life and trust mij no man is worth providing that to."
It's Not a Sacred Finish Union – It's a Wound Concealer
This point wasgoed submitted by Jacqueline Summers, a beautician who is divorced and married a divorced man with three kids for fifteen years:
"I don't care what the current status of your relationship with your divorced companion is. The fact is whether you admit it or not, or pretend to be a strong character and say things like "that doesn't bother mij," or "it's not like that with us," the ample truth is you will feel that your relationship with your divorced spouse is not accomplish. The very first marriage he had wasgoed finish and accepted and he truly did feel entire and finish. With you, it is no longer a accomplish union. It's a plaster stuck on his wounded heart that's providing improvised ease. Yes, you're ter glad land and everything seems hunky dory but soon you will start to feel the void of dating someone else's leftovers. You will never get rid of that conscious wondering and comparing yourself with the very first marriage from your mind. You can suppress it, but it will creep up ter some way or another. No one everzwijn survives dating a divorced stud, whether it's for a year, ten years, 30 years or even a hundred years. That relationship is not eternal and it will end at some point."
What is your view on dating a divorced man?
Marion Bradley, a high schoolgebouw teacher, married a divorced man with four kids for seven years had this to say:
"One of the most painful things about getting involved with a divorced person is the lack of security and safety of your relationship. It doesn't matter even if you get along with his kids and the ex, there is always that feeling of being "the outsider" that remains around you. At huis, when you set the table, the kids always sit next to their father and you're further out. When you're chilling at huis, you're always on one end and never te the middle. When you go on family outings, there's always an invisible divide, for example, if dad buys an ice juices and licks some of it, the kids will gladfully eat it but if you buy the ice juices and slurp some of it, the kid will not want that and ask for another. When taking pictures together, notice how you are always on either the left or the right, but never te the middle of that picture. If you look at the pictures his ex took with him and the kids, she's always at the centre. No matter what you do, you cannot substitute that position that their mother and his ex had ter his life. Hence, you become a daily reminder that their merienda upon a time blessed huis is permanently violated and will never be mended."
Brenda Featly, a retail manager, dated a divorced stud with three children for five years:
"The one reason why I would never again date a divorced man is the fact that you will always be last ter his life. You will never be that very first person on his mind regardless of how your relationship stands. You will never feel the special effect because that honour now goes to the kids. Regardless of how his marriage ended, she will always be the mother of his children and no matter whether he hates or loves hier, she has a voortdurend place te his heart and you are just hovering around it. You can give him your heart and soul and everything else, but he will not reciprocate, not because he doesn't want to, but he no longer has that special effects feeling. He lost it when divorce crept ter. Yes he loves you and is a good, nice man that looks after you and all that but spil an emotional being, women have the capability to feel what someone else is feeling when you spend an ample amount of time with them and you will feel the "last effect syndrome."
Melissa Benbridge, an obstetrician, dated a divorced man with two kids for two years said:
"I got fed up with being a onveranderlijk "Mary Poppins" because that's what the kids and their dad witnessed mij spil, a person that cooks, cleans and babysits. Tho' I didn't mind that at very first, but it soon became apparent that my voortdurend role te their lives wasgoed that of a maid and housekeeper and not a family member. When wij went out, he introduced mij spil "just his gf," a title which I began to despise spil our relationship went along. The kids called mij "the lady that lives with us," even tho' wij got along fine but this wasgoed a heart bruiser. The straw that broke the camel's back wasgoed when one day the elder child needed to pack te a 2nd next of kin on a schoolgebouw outing form and she waterput my name on it and on relationship she packed te "my dad's caretaker." It wasgoed then I knew I wasgoed kidding myself and wasting my time so I politely exited that relationship and never looked at another divorced man again."
You Are a Onveranderlijk Consolation Prize
Wendy Primwood, a graphics designer, dated three different divorced guys and hier view wasgoed:
"Even tho' I knew the pitfalls of dating a divorced man, I didn't believe that all divorced studs were bruised goods. It wasgoed only after the third dating I realized that all divorced dudes have one thing te common. They are not looking for a fresh love. They are looking for someone who will help them heal their cracked and devastated heart. Hence, you are not and will never be the love of his life even if he tells you so. You are a consolation prize, someone they can look at to help them leave behind their ache of divorce. Ter my case, my divorced stud got along very well with his ex and it got to the point where I wondered why they divorced te the very first place because they became better friends and she become his confidant and I knew I wasgoed drowning so I abandoned ship spil there wasgoed just no point ter going on further."
You Are Always Alone No Matter What.
"What I mean by that is the onveranderlijk isolation you practice, particularly if you are a single damsel with no kids dating a divorced man," according to Beth Underwood, a fitness instructor who dated a divorced man with five kids. "Even when wij were te the same slagroom together, I still always felt a distance inbetween us. He wasgoed no longer a accomplish free man. I could feel his isolation because there wasgoed just this space and void that nobody could pack te his life even tho' he wasgoed divorced for twelve years. No matter what I did, nothing made him entire. Ter spil much spil he attempted to recuento his life inbetween mij and the kids, it became apparent that I will never love a fulfilling relationship if I remained with him."
So to sum this up, this is not a feminist article! I'm simply attempting to voorstelling you why dating a divorced man is a challenge and not worth it spil there are more cons than they are pros. Divorce does not only hurt the instant family, but it ultimately ruins anyone that comes te voeling with them. It is a contagious plague and I don't care who you are but if you are ter a relationship with a divorced man, prepare for it to end because it will end.
The author of this hub is a statistics and gegevens reconfiguration analyst.


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Meet at the Information Desk for a tour of the highlights of the permanent collection of paintings and sculpture led by one of our friendly, knowledgeable docents. No reservations are required.
Meet at the special exhibition entrance for a guided tour of The Polaroid Project. This exhibition surveys the history of the innovative photographic company Polaroid and its intersection with art, science, and technology during the second-half of the twentieth century. Featuring a wide-ranging group of artists, the exhibition showcases the diversity of works produced over several decades.
Pack a picnic, grab some friends, and watch the all-American comedy A League of Their Own (1992, PG) on the museum's lawn. Come early to save your spot, eat at a food truck, or take a tour of the museum.
Lawn opens at 6 p.m.; themed tour begins at 7 p.m.; film begins at 8 p.m.
Lawn chairs, blankets, and coolers are welcome (lawn only). No glass bottles or pets please.
If you'd like to be updated on the status of this program (e.g., changes due to weather) via text message or email, please call 817.989.5013 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Sponsored by Humphrey & Associates, Inc.


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Method Man Hosts at LAX Nightclub, 2/2
LAX Nightclub inside Luxor Hotel and Casino will welcome GRAMMY Award-winning rapper, record producer and actor Method Man Saturday, Feb. 2. Clubgoers will pile into the Las Vegas mega-club to get a glimpse of the iconic hip-hop artist when he takes over the hot spot.
Known for his famous lyrical talents and laid-back persona, Method Man was the first solo star to emerge from the groundbreaking Wu-Tang Clan. Some of his personal classics include "Bring the Pain," "All I Need" and his most well-known track "I'll Be There For You/You're All I Need To Get By" featuring Mary J. Blige. Recognized on The Source's list of "The Top 50 Lyricists of All Time," the rap icon continues to stay on top with his impending fifth studio album titled Crystal Meth, scheduled to be released this year.


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NHL exhibition sets record
Rangers and Devils fans were out in full force Thursday night at the Times Union Center in Albany as a record crowd of 9,420 saw ex-Albany River Rat players Patrik Elias and Zach Parise win an NHL exhibition game in overtime for New Jersey.
About 10 years ago, I took my son to his first River Rat game. At the time, he played for the Clifton Park Eagles and the kids were allowed to play a mini-game and mix it up with Rowdy, the team mascot, between periods. He'll never forget that day. My son was back in the arena last night with his high school friends, rooting for the Rangers. He said he had a terrific time, once again.
During his youth hockey days, we met many Rats players at community events, attended birthday parties at Rats games and bought our share of River Rats memorabilia. Tucked away in his box of childhood memories is an autographed River Rats team photo and a River Rats hockey puck.
Here's hoping the Albany Devils return to a more welcoming crowd in their second year at Times Union Center. The Devils had the lowest attendance in the league last year. The exhibition attendance figure set a record for the Albany facility. Let's hope that enthusiasm keeps up.
Parents, take advantage of having AHL hockey in the Capital Region. The memories are, well, priceless.


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Some fitness facilities treat them as an afterthought — little more than a place to sell Power Bars, Gatorade, and lifting gloves. Some go the whole 10 yards and build a shrine to branded apparel, supplements and more. But very few facility managers treat their pro shop as an invaluable place where customers interface with their brand. The pro shop is an important part of how the customer perceives the overall club experience. So if you're going to run a pro shop, run it right. Here are some tips on how to improve yours.
Not every fitness club has to have the same spot for its pro shop, but placing it at a point somewhere after check-in and before the locker room seems to be the consensus. Having your shop accessible right after the customer checks in might spur a reminder that new gear is needed before the day's workout can start. And having the pro shop appear again on the way out will serve the same purpose. In fact some clubs, such as Foxy's in Baton Rouge, LA, are making their pro shops the center of a social area with a juice bar and other refreshments.
There are times when location can serve a different purpose, however. If your pro shop faces a main shopping street it might serve you well to have two entrances — one from the street and one from inside the club. This will invite non-member shopping for branded apparel or specialized equipment such as gloves, goggles or racquets.
"Put the pro shop right near your control point," advises Bruce Carter, president of Optimal Design Systems. "Even if it's not a shop with its own separate four walls, keep it near your control point. Make sure as many people as possible pass it as many times as possible."
If your club has Web site [and today it should], it represents a great opportunity to promote traffic to the pro shop as well as sell goods online. Your Web site is also an excellent way to handle special orders. So when your best squash player breaks his top of the line graphite racquet, you can at least point him in the right direction for a new one if you don't have one in stock. This can reduce your space needs for stocking items, while keeping members happy. This may also provide an opportunity to partner with traditional and online retailers through your site, allowing you to gain a percentage of sales to your members without having to maintain a full inventory of specialty items.
To some extent the pro shop is just as important as the check in counter. It's where the customer has a personal interface with your brand and your products. It's part of the human touch at your facility. So rule No. 1: don't leave the pro shop closed or half-staffed at anytime during the day. Rule No. 2: make sure the staff members assigned to working the pro shop knows what they're talking about. Having no one in the shop when a customer needs help fosters a frustrating experience with your facility. Having someone who doesn't know his or her stuff can foster doubt about your club and staff's overall competence.
Articles like this, and shopping the local competition can certainly help you craft an accessible, successful pro shop. But don't be afraid to add your own twists. Maybe your shop has a discounted speed table with a variety of loose items in the front. Maybe you have the ultimate selection of swim goggles. Maybe you have the best selection on bulk pricing on energy bars. Finding a specialty will keep customers coming regularly, not just on an impulse or as a crisis solution when they forget their equipment at home. Also play to your strengths and what sets the club apart from the competition.
If the club has a basketball league or a swim team, capitalize on that audience with logo'd items and sport-specific products beyond lifting straps and gloves.
"Sometimes pro shops do well when they don't offer a lot of options," says Carter. "The way you have to look at it is this: you are a retailer for the population of your town. And that population is your membership. If your membership is 3,000 people, you are a retailer to them. But you also compete with all other retailers in that area. Have a good knowledge of what all your competitors offer, and you can find a way to differentiate."
More and more families workout together at the gym, and more gyms include some kind of short-term day care so parents can work out. Don't ignore the presence of kids. The pro shop can be the place where they drag mom or dad after the workout for a juice box, a healthy candy, or a toy, and who knows what other purchases that can spur for both child and parent.
If your shop is positioned so customers see it after the workout and before the check-out desk it's a good time to remind them of the roster of classes, instruction, and programs you offer. Whether its yoga, personal training, swimming for the kids, or a racquetball league, post a notice outside the pro shop and have signups available inside. Make sure the inside of the pro shop is ticked with the appropriate literature as well. Moving instruction sign up inside the shop rather than at the check-in desk creates foot traffic. And it could invite impulse purchases to prepare for the new class. Or even a PowerBar.
People change. Workouts change. TaeBo was smokin' hot, indoor cycling and Pilates still are. Make sure your pro shop staff has a way to keep in touch with the clientele to they can sense changes coming. Normal interaction between trainers and customers works as long as they communicate with the store's staff. So does a questionnaire picked up at the pro shop. You may be aware of new fitness trends, but your customers may be even more aware. Many times it will be the crest of a fad, such as kickboxing, but kickboxing means new gloves and maybe shoes. You pro shop inventory should reflect what your customers will want later as well as what they want right now.
"I'd say we do a pretty good job of that," says Andrea Bradley, assistant manager of Foxy's Pro shop in Baton Rouge, LA. "I find that sizing has changes over the recent months. We tend to sell bigger women's sizes and smaller men's sizes. We also just ran out of goggles, which have been selling like hotcakes among our members. So it is important to keep an eye on what the customer wants and provide it for them by making sure to stock the hottest items along with the staples."
Make sure your inventory is above all, relevant. It's hard to believe anybody that works out wouldn't find energy bars and energy drinks essential for a pro shop. But what about the rest of the space? Are more tank tops better than sweatshirts? Have your bathing suits been gathering dust? Is there a new line of goggles that the sporting goods store in town won't stock? Knowing these opportunities will make sure your inventory moves and moves quickly. Just because you run a pro shop inside a fitness facility doesn't mean you can avoid the basic retailing rule: If it isn't outta here, then it's outta here.
The pro shop, as a key interface with your customer, is a good place to start a dialog with the customer. Use contests and special offers to encourage customers to give you their e-mail address. After you obtain permission to send them information about the club, you can communicate special offers, give them special discounts and invite them to give you feedback — including improvements to the pro shop.
There are hundreds of ways to spike interest in your pro shops, from one-day sales events, to seasonal equipment blowouts. At Foxy's in Baton Rouge, they have an occasional "Ball Day" where all tennis balls and racquetballs are steeply discounted. The have a Manic Monday shopping discount. And they have special member days where Gold Level members get special discounts at the pro shop. "Coupons work too," says Bradley. "We have a lot of holiday events, but most of all we maintain awareness that there are a lot of different options to driving sales. You just need to use them."
In the end the real key to operating a successful pro shop profit center is to keep in mind that it needs to be run well, just like the rest of the facility.
Most clubs spend an ample amount of their time on trying to increase ancillary business from various profit centers. According to IHRSA, clubs were asked to identify their five most profitable programs or services — i.e. those programs with the greatest net operating revenue before overhead. The following figures indicate what percentage of clubs cited a given program or service as being among their five most profitable
- Personal Training 50.5%*
- Massage Therapy 28.2%
- Pro Shop 26.2%
- Aquatics Programs 24.3%
- Tennis Programs 20.5%
- Food & Beverage Sales 11.7%
- Tanning 9.7%
- Physical Therapy 7.8%
Summer Camps 7.8%
- Kids Programs 6.8%
Martial Arts 6.8%
What are other clubs selling in their pro shops? According to Club Industry Magazine's 1999 Survey of Buying Power, here is what club operators said they were stocking:
Apparel with Logo: 70%
Bottled Water: 65%
Soft/Sports Drinks: 65%
Health Foods/Snacks: 55%
Supplements/Vitamins: 38%
Other Apparel: 28%
Gym Bags: 27%
Exercise/Fitness Equipment: 22%
Books/Video: 19%
Sports Shoes: 16%
Other: 4%


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Best Indian Astrologer in New York
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- Others
No matter what your problem is, our Pandith Bhairav astrologer in USA can help to solve all the problems. Astrologer Bhairav would require the exact details of your birth chart and he will tell you everything about your life. You can get to know everything about your past, present and future life. Pandith Bhairav provides wide range of astrology services such as Numerology, Phone Astrology Reading, Vastu Shastra, Face reading and Spiritual Psychic Readings at reasonable prices. He is also a famous vashikarn mantra specialist in USA.


text: What Is a Sleep Study? A sleep study, or polysomnogram, is an overnight recording of sleep patterns and behaviors associated with sleep. It is necessary to determine what stages of sleep an individual achieves and whether any sleep-related abnormalities are present. A variety of sensors are applied with paste or tape to the body's surface to record brain waves, eye movements, muscle tone, body movements, heart rate, and breathing. Audiovisual recordings are made also. None of the sensors used are painful or invasive - even the oxygen content of the blood is measured non-invasively with a simple clip on the index finger. There are connecting wires to the sensors, but you are free to get up and walk about as needed. During the study, every attempt is made to allow for a normal night's sleep. Some people typically sleep better or worse when away from home, but in either case this does not usually affect the value of the sleep study. The sleep laboratory has a homey, bedroom-like atmosphere with a TV/VCR. You wear your own bedclothes, and you can bring your favorite pillow and shower in the morning. A trained sleep technician explains all of the recording sensors during application. He or she is stationed outside the bedroom all night to both monitor the sleep recording and make sure you are comfortable. Following the sleep study, a board-certified sleep specialist interprets the recording. The findings are integrated with your sleep history to determine a diagnosis and to make treatment recommendations. A sleep study report is sent to your physician who reviews the results with you at your follow-up office visits.


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We have a number of surfing industry giants headquartered here in our beautiful Orange County. I like to write about the good ones. The ones who are actually run by people who surf and, even more importantly, care about the sport, the lifestyle and the planet.
etnies is one of my favorites. I guess you could say that etnies is more of a skateboard based company than surfing, but the owner is a good surfer as well as skater and their shoes fit surfers just as well as skaters.
I have a great amount of respect for the owner, Pierre-Andre Senizergues, for the way he goes about running his company and the things he does outside of the act of doing business. Just recently they have hit home runs (how did baseball get into this?) in two separate events, one in Australia and one right here in Southern California: The "Buy a Shoe, Plant a Tree" and the "Journey to the Soles of Skid Row Homeless" programs.
Since 2011, through its global Buy a Shoe, Plant a Tree program, etnies has planted more than 200,000 trees to help replenish severely deforested communities throughout Costa Rica and Brazil. These efforts have been recognized by the Surf Retailers Federation (SRF) and etnies is the 2013 recipient of the esteemed Australian Surf Industry Environment Award.
etnies' environmental initiatives, led by Senizergues, have been at the forefront of the brand's plans for a brighter future. Etnies has pledged to become a carbon-neutral company by 2020; constructed the buildings of its U.S. and European headquarters with solar panels, water-saving technology and many other sustainable features; and of course, launched the Buy a Shoe, Plant a Tree program.
I have been in their research and development lab in Foothill Ranch and the place is amazing. These people care about doing things right.
"We are honored, appreciative and charged up to do more, especially after our team has received this award," Senizergues said about the award from the Surf Retailers Federation. "For the last 13 years, we have been determined to reduce our carbon footprint and take a step in the right direction. We are encouraged that our community realizes this need and embraces the importance of going in that direction. This award is for everyone who has participated in this program — our consumers for voting for the environment with their purchase so that trees can be planted, our retailers and distributors for believing in it and making this program available, and for our internal team at etnies for supporting it and working with everyone to ensure that we have so many trees planted each year!"
Through the Buy a Shoe, Plant a Tree program, etnies plants a tree for every pair of shoes purchased from its men's, women's and kids collection. More information, including a live tree counter, can be found by visiting the Buy a Shoe, Plant a Tree site and watching etnies' infographic video.
On March 29, etnies participated in the Los Angeles Mission's annual Easter event for its 16th year to donate 2,000 pairs of new etnies shoes to the homeless in Skid Row.
It was a truly amazing day of giving for those less fortunate. Senizergues, who began donating with the LA Mission back in 1998, along with etnies staff and pro riders Ryan Sheckler, Cairo Foster, Ben Lewis, Nathan Williams, Tom Dugan and Levi Sherwood, were all in attendance volunteering their time. Check out this video: etnies' Journey to the Soles of Skid Row's Homeless, if you would like to share the experience.
See, today you even get visual aids. Cool huh. Anyway I just wanted to give Senizergues and Etnies a journalistic pat on the back for the good stuff that they do. It's one thing to just make money but it's a total nother when you go far out of the way to put some goodness back into the world. Good Work.
By the way, etnies is purposely spelled with a small "e." That is the way they do it.


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Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering
versión On-line ISSN 2309-8775
versión impresa ISSN 1021-2019
J. S. Afr. Inst. Civ. Eng. vol.54 no.2 Midrand ene. 2012
Estimating soil plasticity properties from pedological data
G C Fanourakis
A number of pedological soil classification systems have been developed worldwide. These include an internationally accepted system and various national systems, some of which have been incorporated into databases which include maps. Such information is used primarily for agricultural purposes. Various physical and chemical soil properties are used for classifying soils according to these pedological systems. This paper proposes an approach, based on a research project, which may be used to statistically significantly determine the plasticity characteristics of soils from the physical and chemical properties that are used to pedologically classify soils by systems, such as the South African Binomial System. These plasticity characteristics may be used to establish the engineering soil classification groups which may, in turn, be used as a means of rapidly determining the general suitability of areas for proposed developments, particularly during the preliminary stages of transportation route locations and township developments, with a resultant saving of time and money.
Keywords: plasticity, laboratory tests, chemical properties, classification
Pedology is a branch of soil science which deals with the study of soils as natural phenomena, including their formation, morphological, physical, chemical, mineralogical and biological constitution.
Pedological classification systems
A number of pedological soil classification systems have been established worldwide and are used as a basis for mapping soils. Such systems include an internationally accepted system and many national systems.
The internationally accepted system, which is endorsed by the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS), is the World Reference Base for Soil Classification (IUSS-WRB 1998, 2006 and 2007). This system replaced the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) system, which was originally developed as a legend to the Soil Map of the World in 1974 (FAO 1974, 1990) (Rossiter 2012).
National systems include the Australian (Isbell 1996), Canadian (SCWG 1998), English and Welsh (Avery 1980), French (Baize & Girard 1998, 2008), German (ABDBG 1998), Russian (Stolbovoi 2000), American (USDA 2010) and the South African Binomial Classification System (Mac Vicar et al 1977). These national systems are also utilised by private organisations.
According to Rossiter (2001), soils that are allocated a particular national class should ideally all be allocated the same WRB system class.
Published correlations of national classification systems to the WRB system include the South African Binomial System (Fey 2010) and the USDA system (Rossiter 2012). It appears that, in future, correlations will be established between other national pedological classification systems and the WRB system. The Canadian and Israeli classification systems have already been correlated to the FAO system, which was superseded by the WRB system (Rossiter 2012).
Pedological databases
Various international, regional and national databases comprising pedological, climatic, topographical and other information have been developed.
International databases include the SOTER (Soil and Terrain) world database. This digital database, which includes maps and soil information (in a standard format), has already been compiled for a number of countries (Isric 2012).
National databases include the following.
■ Land Information System (LandIS) of England and Wales (Landis 2012)
■ Australian Soil Resource Information System (Asris) of Australia (Asris 2012)
■ National Soil Information System (Nasis) of the United States (Nasis 2012)
■ Land Type Survey of South Africa (LTSS 2012)
The soil data included in the Land Type Survey of South Africa (LTSS 2012) include the pedological properties and pedological classification in accordance with the South African Binomial Classification System (after MacVicar et al 1977).
From the above it is evident that a significant amount of pedological classification and mapping has been conducted worldwide. This data is used extensively and successfully primarily for the optimisation of the utilisation of agricultural land for crop production - so much so that pedology is often incorrectly regarded as part of agricultural science. It would be obviously beneficial if this data could benefit the engineering profession as well.
Objectives of this paper
This paper is based on a research project that was initiated by the premise that the physical and chemical properties of a soil, which are manifested in the pedological class of a soil, have a bearing on the engineering properties of that soil.
In this research, relationships were established for determining the engineering plasticity characteristics, namely liquid limit (LL), plasticity index (PI) and linear shrinkage (LS) of soils deriving from a range of pedological classes of the South African Binomial System (after MacVicar et al 1977), from their physical and chemical properties which are determined for pedological classification purposes. These physico-chemical properties include the clay content, the percentage of the different exchangeable base cations and the cation exchange capacities (CEC), which are included in the data that is made available as part of the Land Type Survey of South Africa (LTSS 2012).
The estimated properties may be used to assess the suitability of soils for proposed engineering projects. Such data could also be used to supplement other available materials data such as that included in the defunct National Data Bank for Roads (NDBR), which is discussed in TRH 2 (1978).
The Binomial Classification System uses morphology (the science of form and structure) and composition of soils as criteria for differentiation in soil classification. It groups soils according to the similarity of the properties used in the identification. This comprehensive classification system employs two categories, namely an upper or general level consisting of soil forms, and a lower, more specific one, comprising soil series.
Soil forms
The upper level consists of 41 soil forms, each defined by a unique vertical sequence of diagnostic horizons or materials, not more than four in number, occurring in the uppermost 1.2 m of the soil profile.
Soil series
Soil forms are based on selected soil properties used to define diagnostic horizons with fairly wide permissible variations and, therefore, each soil is classified further in order to narrow down such wide variations that might exist. Hence, each soil form is sub-divisible into a number of soil series, varying from one to 36. A total of 504 soil series constitute the lower category of the classification system. Soil series have in common the properties of the relevant form (that is, the prescribed horizon sequence), but are differentiated within the form according to a variety of criteria.
The criteria used for series differentiation within each soil form include the clay content, sand grade (where the clay content is less than 15%), red and non-red colouring, the presence or absence of free calcium carbonate, the degree of base status, which is a measure of the degree to which the soil has been leached, pH, and in some cases, the presence of continuous clay skins (or cutans) on ped faces, or a crusting distinct from a self-mulching surface.
Double designation
Identification and communication are achieved by means of standard designations, for example Hutton Mangano, where Hutton is the form and Mangano is the series (abbreviated as Hu 33). The soil series designation is retained regardless of where the soil occurs (MacVicar et al 1977).
A revised version of the South African Binomial Classification System, referred to as the "Taxonomic System for South Africa", was published by the Soil Classification Working Group (SCWG) in 1991. This system is a more specific extension of the South African Binomial Classification System. Many persons have found the newer system to be "unnecessarily complicated" and hence have not adopted it (Rossiter 2012).
Nevertheless, in this paper consideration is only given to the South African Binomial Classification System which has been solely adopted for soil classification in the Land Type Survey of South Africa (LTSS 2012), which was incorporated into the SOTER database, and which is still being used in South Africa.
Research area
The area studied, which is located approximately 150 kilometres northwest of the city of Rustenburg in South Africa, is approximately 4 200 km2 in extent. The area was selected for its diversity of soil types.
The soils investigated in this project
A number of soil types occur in the area, differing from one another as a result of different parent materials and/or the different soil-forming processes to which they had been subjected. The research was confined to the dominant soil series which adequately cover the range of soil types occurring in the area.
Five soil forms were selected for the research. These are the Hutton, Shortlands, Valsrivier, Swartland and Arcadia forms, which are respectively shown in the typical photographs (with the associated horizon types) in Figures 1 to 5.
Note that A horizons overlie B horizons (where present) which, in turn, overlie C horizons (where present). Therefore, for example, soils of the Hutton form comprise an Orthic A horizon overlying a Red Apedal B horizon.
The correlations of the soil series selected with the World Reference Base (WRB) Classification System are included in Table 1. These correlations are in agreement with the general correlations established by Fey (2010).
The soils at 63 randomly selected sites within the study area were classified according to the South African Binomial System (after Mac Vicar et al 1977).
A total of 111 disturbed soil samples, taken from the A and B (where present) horizons of these soil profiles, were tested to determine the physical and chemical properties which are used as criteria for pedological classification. In view of the fact that the physical and chemical properties of C horizons are not reflected in the pedological classifications of profiles which contain C horizons, C horizons were not sampled.
Details of the results, methods of analysis adopted, and references to the relevant methods, as well as brief discussions on the significance of each property determined, are given in the work of Fanourakis (1999).
The number of series encountered in the study area, the number of soil profiles classified and the number of samples tested for the determination of their plasticity properties for the soils of each form are shown in Table 2. The plasticity characteristics of the 99 samples were determined in accordance with TMH1 (1986). It should be noted that all the possible soil series in the forms considered could not be included in this research as they do not occur in the study area.
Justification for inclusion of linear shrinkage data
Generally, the plasticity index of a soil is approximately twice the magnitude of the linear shrinkage. For this reason, the possibility of excluding the linear shrinkage data from the analyses in this research was considered.
Figure 6 shows the relationship between plasticity index and linear shrinkage, for all the samples included in this research, which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.953.
With reference to the regression equation pertaining to the line in Figure 6, the plasticity index is, on average, approximately twice the linear shrinkage. However, as indicated in Table 3, the actual (measured) plasticity index / linear shrinkage ratios for the soils of each form varied from 1.373 to 3.5. Hence, the actual linear shrinkage data was included in the relationships established.
Determining plasticity characteristics from the soil series
For each of the soil series included in the project, the liquid limits and plasticity indices of the samples taken from the diagnostic horizons (A and, where present, B) which displayed plasticity were plotted on a Casagrande plasticity chart (according to the USCS after USACE WES 1960).
The plasticity data pertaining to those soil series which constitute each soil form were plotted on separate plasticity charts. The purpose was to investigate whether the soils of a particular soil series would yield points which are located within a particular zone of the plasticity chart.
An examination of the five plasticity charts revealed that, in the case of the soil forms comprising B horizons, the points representing the B horizons were generally located to the right of the points representing the A horizons. This is because B horizons generally comprise a relatively higher clay content than the A horizons of their respective soil profiles. Furthermore, it is evident that the points representing soils of the same series were not located within a particular region of any of the charts. The reason for this is that series differentiation criteria are qualitative. Therefore, pedological information more specific than the soil series is required in order to determine the engineering properties of soils.
Chemical and mineralogical data as criteria for determining plasticity characteristics
The effect of quantitative chemical properties, such as the different exchangeable base cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K), S-value, base saturation, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), exchangeable magnesium percentage, exchangeable potassium percentage, and exchangeable calcium percentage on the plasticity characteristics of the soils constituting each soil form were evaluated with reference to liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage.
The combined effect of each of the above-mentioned chemical characteristics, in conjunction with physical characteristics such as the clay content, silt content, and percentage finer than 0.075 mm on the plasticity characteristics of the respective samples, was also evaluated.
In the evaluation of the above, the fact that the physico-chemical properties were determined using the fraction finer than 2.0 mm and the plasticity characteristics using the fraction finer than 0.425 mm was accounted for.
A comprehensive list of the possible relationships between the plasticity characteristics and the various chemical and physico-chemical properties of the soils of each form investigated is given in the work of Fanourakis (1999). The magnesium in these soils was found to be the only factor that correlated with the plasticity characteristics.
Statistical methods
None of the data was transformed and no multiple regression procedures were adopted. The regression equations and correlation coefficients that were not significant at the 5% level were rejected.
Lines were fitted to the data using the least squares method.
Significance tests were carried out for each relationship established using tables of Student's t-distribution to determine the probability that the correlation coefficient could have arisen by chance in a sample of the size dealt with.
Fisher's Z-transformation technique was used to combine independent correlation coefficients, which are significant at the 5% probability level, in order to obtain an estimate of the average (pooled) correlation coefficient. This procedure took into account each correlation coefficient and the corresponding number of sets of values on which it was based.
The effect of exchangeable magnesium
In the case of the soils of each form studied, the magnitude of the liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage each correlated significantly, linearly and positively, with the amount of magnesium present in the clay-size portion of the fraction of the sample finer than 0.425 mm. This quantity which, in the succeeding discussion, will be referred to as magnesium in the clay-size fraction, is defined by Equation 1 and expressed in milli-equivalents per 100 g of soil finer than 0.425 mm.
The quantity referred to in Equation 1 was defined specifically for the purpose of this discussion and should not be confused with either of the quantities termed "exchangeable magnesium" or "exchangeable magnesium percentage (EMgP)".
The magnesium in the clay-size fraction was calculated by multiplying the value of the exchangeable magnesium (expressed in milli-equivalents per 100 g of soil finer than 2 mm, me %) by the ratio of the percentage by mass of the fraction of the total sample finer than 0.002 mm (P0.002 mm) to the percentage by mass of the fraction of the total sample finer than 0.425 mm (P0.425 mm).
The definition of magnesium in the clay-size fraction (Equation 1) is based on two premises, firstly, that the exchangeable magnesium occurs almost exclusively in the fraction finer than 0.425 mm, and secondly that the exchangeable magnesium is distributed uniformly within this fraction. These premises were regarded as applicable to all the soils investigated in this project, regardless of the degree of base saturation.
To test the validity of these premises, sets of relationships between exchangeable magnesium and plasticity characteristics were established, based on each of the following two assumptions:
Firstly, that the magnesium cations are uniformly distributed within the soil fraction finer than 2 mm, and secondly, that the magnesium cations are uniformly distributed within the minus 0.075 mm fraction.
The relationships established were not all significant and it can therefore be concluded that the upper size limit of the soil fraction in which the exchangeable magnesium predominates must be of the order of 0.425 mm. However, it must be emphasized that this is not because the engineering plasticity analyses are performed on the fraction finer than 0.425 mm of the soil.
The exchangeable cations in a soil are adsorbed onto the negatively charged clay particles (Brady 1974). In view of this fact, the relationships established between the plasticity characteristics and the magnesium in the clay-size fraction indicated that the soils researched must contain clay particles which are larger than 0.002 mm in size. Furthermore, these relationships indicated that only the exchangeable magnesium which is adsorbed onto the clay particles that are finer than 0.002 mm in size had an effect on the plasticity.
It is not unusual for soils to contain clay mineral particles which are larger than 0.002 mm in size. A study of the mineralogy of five weathering profiles developed from Archaean granite, conducted by Buhmann (1990), revealed that particles of clay minerals such as biotite occurred in the silt and sand size fractions of soils derived from Archaean granites. This was confirmed in a subsequent study of the compositional characteristics of the soils of 15 profiles developed from Archaean granite, which indicated that the proportions of certain weathering products of biotite (mica and mica/smectite interstratifications) were highest in the silt-sized fraction of the soil (Buhmann et al 1998).
The biotites have a platy structure and high charges. Therefore, exchangeable cations are adsorbed onto the surfaces of these mineral particles, regardless of their size. The relatively large size of these clay particles is thought to be as a result of the slow cooling of the molten magma (Buhmann 1990).
It is unlikely that the highly expansive soils of the Arcadia form derived from Archaean granite. In the study area these soils derived from the Bushveld Igneous Complex. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the swelling component of these soils can occur exclusively in the non-clay-sized fraction (Buhmann et al 1988).
The correlations determined for the soils of each soil form are discussed in the succeeding paragraphs.
Discussion of results
Soils of the Hutton form
The mean activity of the soils of the Hutton form was 0.47. Of the 48 soil samples of the Hutton form analysed, a total of 30 samples displayed plasticity. Examination of the grading and plasticity characteristics of these soils revealed that, on average, soils with a clay content of less than 12% did not display plasticity. This absence of plasticity is thought to be as a result of a low content of 1:1 clays in the soils.
The relationships established between liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage respectively with the magnesium in the clay-size fraction are shown in Figures 7 to 9. The regression equations and correlation coefficients are included in these figures.
The relationships established were all highly significant, being at the 0.001% level of probability. The correlation was positive -an increase in the magnesium in the clay-size fraction was associated with an increase in each of the three plasticity characteristics.
A statistical analysis of the correlation coefficients of the relationships referred to above, and the three pairs of values from which each relationship was determined, yielded a pooled correlation coefficient of 0.863. The mean of the probability that these relationships could have arisen by chance was 0.0002%.
Soils of the Arcadia form
The relationships established between liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage respectively with the magnesium in the clay-size fraction are shown in Figures 10 to 12. The regression equations and correlation coefficients are included in these figures.
The relationships established were all highly significant, being at the 0.5% level of probability. The correlation was positive - an increase in the magnesium in the clay-size fraction was associated with an increase in each of the three plasticity characteristics.
A statistical analysis of the correlation coefficients of the relationships referred to above, and the three pairs of values from which each relationship was determined, yielded a pooled correlation coefficient of 0.707. The mean of the probability that these relationships could have arisen by chance was 0.2%.
Soils of the Shortlands, Valsrivier and Swartland forms
The relationships between liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage respectively, and the magnesium in the clay-size fraction for the soils of these forms were analysed according to the six groups shown in Table 4, justified by the similarities described below.
The red structured B horizon of the Shortlands form may resemble the red pedocutanic B horizons of the Valsrivier and Swartland forms in physical appearance. When classifying a soil pedologically, differentiation between red structured B horizons and red pedocutanic B horizons is determined by certain differences in the physical characteristics (including the structure and texture) of the B horizons compared to the corresponding physical characteristics of the A horizons in that soil profile. For example, if the textural class of a B horizon is different from that of the A horizon in the same soil profile, then the B horizon would be a pedocutanic B horizon. If, on the other hand, the textural class of the B horizon is the same as that of the A horizon in that profile, then the B horizon would be a red structured B horizon (MacVicar et al 1977).
In addition, the Valsrivier and Swartland forms consist of an Orthic A horizon underlain by a Pedocutanic B horizon, and identical series differentiation criteria are applied for both. The only difference between the two soil forms is that Valsrivier and Swartland B horizons are underlain by unconsolidated material and saprolite, respectively. Therefore, the soils of these two forms were analysed as a single group.
The pooled correlation coefficients, as well as the minimum, maximum and mean levels of significance for the six groups, are shown in Table 4. From the pooled correlation coefficients and mean probabilities shown in Table 4, it is evident that the best levels of significance were yielded when combining the data of the Shortlands, Valsrivier and Swartland forms.
Therefore, the engineering plasticity characteristics of soils of the Shortlands, Valsrivier and Swartland forms can be determined from the magnesium in the clay-size fraction of each soil sample using the relationships established when the test results for the soils of all three of the above forms were grouped. Furthermore, in the case of these soils (which had a mean activity of 0.52) qualitative physical characteristics such as uniform colour, predominant colour and the presence of cutans did not bear any relationship to the soil's plasticity characteristics. This is true only for soils with physico-chemical properties within the ranges of the soils investigated, including a low exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP).
The relationships established between liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage respectively with the magnesium in the clay-size fraction are shown in Figures 13 to 15. The regression equations and correlation coefficients are included in these figures.
The relationships established were all highly significant, being at the 5E-09% level of probability. The correlation was positive -an increase in the magnesium in the clay-size fraction was associated with an increase in each of the three plasticity characteristics.
A statistical analysis of the correlation coefficients of the relationships referred to above, and the three pairs of values from which each relationship was determined, yielded a pooled correlation coefficient of 0.886. The mean of the probability that these relationships could have arisen by chance was 2E-09%.
This research showed that the liquid limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage of soils can be statistically significantly estimated from the physico-chemical data of soils, for a range of pedological groups.
All the relationships established for estimating the plasticity characteristics of the soils of the Hutton form (Ferralsols and Arenosols according to the WRB Soil Classification System), Arcadia form (Vertisols according to the WRB system) and Shortlands, Valsrivier and Swartland forms (Luvisols according to the WRB system) were highly significant (P < 1%).
With the aid of quantitative pedological data, the plasticity characteristics of soils, which are used to classify a soil for various intended engineering purposes, can be estimated with significant accuracy. Hence, this information may assist in the identification and avoidance of large areas of unfavourable soils in projects such as township development and transportation route alignment, resulting in a saving of time and money. Conversely, areas or routes covered by favourable soils can be located, hence providing the framework for more detailed testing required for the final engineering design.
The findings of this research are valid for soils of the pedological classifications investigated and their particular physical, chemical and mineralogical properties only, since the research project was intended to serve as a pilot study. The indications are that additional similar studies covering soils of the pedological classifications researched, but with different chemical properties, as well as soils with other pedological classifications with varying chemical properties, could undoubtedly lead to the extension of this work and improvement of its universality.
It is recommended that, in future research, the data of soils of forms of the same WRB class be grouped for relationship establishment purposes, as was done in the case of the Luvisolic soils in this research.
This would obviate the application of incorrect regression equations as a consequence of incorrect pedological classification of similar soils.
Finally, it is hoped that this research has succeeded in emphasising the interrelationships between pedogenesis and the engineering behaviour of soils, and in suggesting an approach for the interpretation of pedological data for engineering purposes.
The author thanks the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) for permitting the inclusion of the photographs of the soil forms in Figures 1-5.
ABDBG (Arbeitskreis für Bodensystematik der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft) 1998. Systematikde Bödenun der bodenbildenden Substrate Deutschlands. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 86: 1-180. [ Links ]
ASRIS (Australian Soil Resource Information System) 2012. Australian Collaborative Land Evaluation Programme (ACLEP) [Online] http://www.asns.csiro.au/index_ie.html, retrieved 12 January 2012. [ Links ]
Avery, B W 1980. Soil classification for England and Wales: higher categories. Soil Survey Technical Monograph 14, Cranfield, UK: Cranfield University, Soil Survey & Land Research Centre. [ Links ]
Baize, D & Girard, M C (Eds) 2008. Référentiel péd-ologique. Paris, France: Association Francaise pour l'Etude du Sol. [ Links ]
Baize, D & Girard, M C (Eds) 1998. A sound reference base for soils: The Référentiel pédologique (translated by Hodgson, J M, Eskenazi, N R, & Baize, D). Paris, France: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. [ Links ]
Brady, N C 1974. The nature and properties of soils, 8th edition. New York: Macmillan, pp 34, 107. [ Links ]
Buhmann, C 1990. The mineralogy of five weathering profiles developed from Archaean granite. Proceedings, 16th Congress of the Soil Science Society of South Africa, Pretoria, pp 302-314. [ Links ]
Buhmann, C, De Villiers, J M & Fey, M V 1988. The mineralogy of four heaving clays. Applied Clay Science, 3: 219-236. [ Links ]
Buhmann, C, Samadi, M & Kirsten, W F A 1998. Compositional characteristics of granite-derived soils in relation to topography and climate. Proceedings, 16th World Congress of Soil Science, Symposium No 15, Scientific Registration No 1899, Montpellier, France. [ Links ]
Fanourakis, G C 1999. Engineering soil properties from pedological data. DTech (Eng) thesis, Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg. [ Links ]
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 1974. Soil Map of the World, Vol 1: Legend. Rome: FAO. [ Links ]
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 1990. Soil Map of the World: Revised legend. World Soil Resources Report 60, Rome: FAO. [ Links ]
Fey, M V 2010. A short guide to the soils of South Africa, their distribution and correlation with World Reference Base soil groups. Proceedings, 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World, 1-6 August 2010, Brisbane, Australia, 32-35. [ Links ]
Isbell, R F 1996. The Australian Soil Classification. Australian Soil and Land Survey Handbook. Collingwood, Victoria, Australia: CSIRO. [ Links ]
ISRIC 2012. World soil information. Application of soil information. [Online] http://www.isric.org/main-themes, retrieved 12 January 2012. IUSS-WRB (International Union of Soil Science Working Group-World Reference Base for Soil Resources) 1998. World Soil Resources Report 84, Rome: FAO. [ Links ]
IUSS-WRB (International Union of Soil Science Working Group-World Reference Base for Soil Resources) 2006. A framework for international classification, correlation and communication. World Soil Resources Report 103, Rome: FAO. [ Links ]
IUSS-WRB (International Union of Soil Science Working Group-World Reference Base for Soil Resources) 2007. First update, IUSS Working Group. World Soil Resources Report 103, Rome: FAO. [ Links ]
LandIS 2012. LandIS-Land Information System. A soils-focused information system for England and Wales. Cranfield, UK: National Soil Resources Institute (NSRI), Cranfield University. [Online] http://www. landis.org.uk/index.cfm, retrieved 12 January 2012. [ Links ]
LTSS 2012. Land Type Survey Staff (1972-2006). Land types of South Africa: digital map (1:250 000 scale) and soil inventory databases. Pretoria: Institute for Soil, Climate and Water (ISCW), Agricultural Research Council (ARC). [Online] http://www.agis.agric.za/agisweb/landtypes.html, retrieved 12 January 2012. [ Links ]
MacVicar, C N, De Villiers, J M, Loxton, R F, Verster, E, Lambrechts, J J N, Merryweather, F R, Le Roux, J, Van Rooyen, T H & Harmse, H J von M 1977. Soil classification - A binomial system for South Africa. Scientific Bulletin No 390, Pretoria: Department of Agricultural Technical Services. [ Links ]
NASIS 2012. National Soil Information System. National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [Online] http://soils.usda.gov/technical/nasis/, retrieved 12 January 2012. [ Links ]
Rossiter, D G 2001. Principles of soil classification -Lecture notes. Enschede, Netherlands: Soil Science Division, International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences. [ Links ]
Rossiter, D G 2012. A compendium of on-line soil survey information. Enschede, Netherlands: Department of Earth Systems Analysis, University of Twente. [Online] http://www.itc.nl/~rossiter/research/rsrch_ss.html, retrieved 12 January 2012. [ Links ]
SCWG (Soil Classification Working Group) 1991. A taxonomic system for South Africa - Memoirs on the Agricultural Natural Resources of South Africa, No 15, Pretoria: Department of Agricultural Development. [ Links ]
SCWG (Soil Classification Working Group) 1998. The Canadian System of Soil Classification (CSSC), 3rd edition. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Publication 1646 (Revised), 187 pp. [ Links ]
Stolbovoi, V 2000. Soils of Russia: Correlated with the Revised Legend of the FAO Soil Map of the World and World Reference Base for Soil Resources, RR-00-13. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. [ Links ]
Technical Methods for Highways 1986. TMH 1: Standard methods of testing road construction materials, 2nd edition. Pretoria: NITRR, CSIR. Technical Recommendations for Highways 1978. TRH 2: Geotechnical and soil engineering mapping for roads and the storage of materials data, 2nd edition. Pretoria, NITRR, CSIR. [ Links ]
USACE WES (United States Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station) 1960. The Unified Soil Classification System. Appendix A -Characteristics of soil groups pertaining to embankments and foundations, 1953; Appendix B -Characteristics of soil groups pertaining to roads and airfields, Technical memorandum No 3-357, [ Links ]
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Contact details:
Department of Civil Engineering Technology
University of Johannesburg
POBox 17011
South Africa
E: email@example.com
PROF GEORGE FANOURAKIS is an Associate Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering Technology at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. He received the degrees MSc (Eng) from the University of the Witwatersrand anc DTech (Eng) from the University of Johannesburg. He is a Chartered Civil Engineer and Member ofthe Institution of Civil Engineers (UK), and a Fellow of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE). His primary teaching and research interest areas are concrete technology ane geotechnical engineering. Prof Fanourakis heads the Materials, Geotechnica and Transportation Engineering Research Group at the university. He is a member of the South African Bureau of Standards Geotechnical Standards Committee (SABS SC 59P). In 2006 he received the SAICE award for best paper published in the Journal of the South Afrcan Institution ofCivil Engneering.


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Commerce's city manager Pete Pyrzenski and finance director James Wascher breathed sighs of relief last week after Jackson County tax commissioner Don Elrod sent tax digest figures for 2013.
After four consecutive years of digest declines, the 2013 tax digest "is flat," Pyrzenski said.
It used to be that a flat tax digest was bad news because it meant that revenue per mill of taxes did not increase. But after seeing the digest go down for four years, suddenly having flat numbers is a good thing.
"If today we receive a flat digest, it's good news," Pyrzenski pointed out. "It is a relief."
That news coupled with the news that the city stands to gain a huge new natural gas customer as Athens Wood Pellets buys the former Louisiana Pacific plant in Center, suggests Commerce's financial fortunes are improving.
In the meantime, though, the city manager is not counting his revenue before it arrives.
"What we need to do is to continue to maintain our efficiency and present smart decisions," he said. "The word for right now is 'stability' and to focus on those efficiencies that lead to better operation procedures and how we do business. It's been a learned behavior — we learned to deal with it and we'll capitalize on that as we go forward."
For the full story, see the Sept. 4 issue of The Commerce News.
'Flat' tax digest 'good' for Commerce
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Since you have decided to end the MiD series, what happens to the site, the forums, and your plans for the future, comic wise?
I just wanted to ask that, and to say that I loved MiD, while it lasted, and I look forward to reading more comics from you.
~ kindly stalking your DA account, Alpha.


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Thursday, June 21, 2012
My first arrest. Ever. Yesterday. In Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
5 comments:
I did the same thing when I was in college a few years back, but the lady I talked to seemed embarrassed about it and I think she felt bad having to turn down somebody who wanted to help, as I still got the 'I gave blood today' t-shirt.ReplyDelete
Good luck, hopefully this goes away without much trouble for you.
Wow that's terrible. It's crazy that the FDA still have standards such as that..ReplyDelete
On a total side note, police are (contrary to popular belief) not required to read you a Miranda warning before arresting you - however everything you say or offer up before that warning is issued cannot be used to incriminate you in a court of law.
Uri, I am sorry to hear about your discriminatory experience with the Gay Blood Ban. I just want you to know that many of us are working to ensure this unjustified institutionalized homophobia comes to an end.ReplyDelete
I urge you to visit Saving Lives With Helpful Guys. (savingliveswithhelpfulguys.com) This website is an educational resource center for policy directors, civil rights activists, students, members of the medical community, and the public at large who are dedicated to safely and sensibly reforming the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Gay Blood Ban.
Thank you for being so brave. As a gay man, I am humbled and amazed to hear stories like this. I hope this has a happy ending.ReplyDelete


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Health topics
Headache disorders
Headache disorders are among the most common disorders of the nervous system. Primary headache disorders, such as migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache, and the so-called chronic daily headache syndrome, can cause substantial levels of disability. Headache can also occur as a symptom of a considerable number of other conditions. There are effective treatments for all types of headache.


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Odo was a wizard, apparently a male about whom a song was written.
- "And for a while after that, Hagrid and Slughorn were sitting side by side, arms around each other, singing a slow sad song about a dying wizard called Odo."
- —Rubeus Hagrid and Horace Slughorn after Aragog's burial[src]
In 1996, Rubeus Hagrid and Professor Slughorn sang the song about Odo when they were drunk right after Aragog's funeral. Also, at Bill Weasley and Fleur Delacour's wedding Hagrid, Charlie Weasley, and a "squat wizard in a purple porkpie hat" were singing "Odo the Hero".[1]
Behind the scenes
- Odo could have possibly been a friend of Hagrid's since Hagrid was around in both situations the song was sung or it could just be a drinking song of sorts. The latter seems more likely.
"Odo" is a name typically associated with historical figures from the Middle Ages and before, most especially Count Odo, who led an unsuccessful defence of Paris against the Vikings in 885. Odo, and its later form Otto (disambiguation), are etymologically related to various European names which all come from a Germanic word meaning "possessor of wealth".
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (Mentioned only)
Notes and references
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Chapter 22 (After the Burial)
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


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Rex Mundi - Valley Of Dreams E.P.
He has developed to become one of the majestic heroes of Coldharbour in recent years. He has constantly raised the bar of expectation with every release, from the enthralling 'Perspective' (and later Markus Schulz's crafted mash-up 'The Perspective Space'), to the seminal 'Opera of Northern Ocean', described by many as a track ahead of its time, to the iconic and sensational collaboration with Susana, yielding 'Nothing at All'.
He doesn't need an introduction, but we'll give him one anyway. And Rex Mundi is back on Coldharbour Recordings with another plethora of goodness.
With Markus Schulz's Prague '11 compilation recently hitting the stores and talk of the town, many of the reasons behind it are due to Rex's personal contributions. The leading track 'Valley of Dreams' boasts two high-profile compilation appearances already, having also featured on Max Graham's Cycles 2. A Global DJ Broadcast Global Selection winner on two separate occasions, 'Valley of Dreams' boasts that typical Rex drive and energy, working wonders on the crowd particularly when Markus played it at Transmission in Prague last November.
The other featured track on Prague '11 is 'Sandstone' - a deeper, darker journey that builds throughout, and one that has drawn many praises from listeners worldwide. Already picking up the Tune of the Week accolade on A State Of Trance and multiple plays on Global DJ Broadcast, Sandstone is ideal for those early liveset moments to set the dancefloor alight. Rounding off the package is Amazone - an apt description of a track full of dark tribal influence, and one which got lots of people talking following its GDJB debut in January.
Dutchman Boy Hagemann can be very proud of what he has accomplished, and the legacy of Rex Mundi continues to grow with all three tracks on offer here.
Download now on Beatport.
Valley Of Dreams (Original Mix) (07:52)
Sandstone (Original Mix) (09:32)
Amazone (Original Mix) (09:49)


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Movember is a charity that encourages hundreds of thousands of men around the world to grow and proudly sport a mustache throughout the month of November.
The idea behind Movember is to raise awareness and funds for men's health issues.
Last year alone, Movember raised over $126 million that went towards programs supporting prostate and testicular cancer initiatives.
So, in honor of Movember, we present to you the greatest mustaches in the history of sports.