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Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
versão On-line ISSN 2224-9435
versão impressa ISSN 1019-9128
J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc. vol.81 no.2 Pretoria Jan. 2010
Isolation of pathogenic aerobic bacteria from the blood of septicaemic neonatal calves and the susceptibility of isolates to various antibiotics
E KireçciI,*; Y OzkanlarII; M S AktasII; M H UyanikIII; H YazgiIII
ISchool of Health, Kahramanmaraş Sutcuimam University, 46050, K.Maras, Turkey
IIDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
IIIDepartment of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
An automated blood culture system (BACTEC 9240) was used for the isolation of aerobic bacteria from the blood of septicaemic neonatal calves. Blood samples were collected from 90 clinically septicaemic and 20 healthy neonatal calves and inoculated into blood culture bottles. There were 89 significant isolates from 90 positive blood cultures using the BACTEC system. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen detected accounting for 56 (63 %) out of 89 isolates. The other pathogens were β-haemolytic streptococci (15.7 %), Staphylococcus aureus (10.1 %), Klebsiella sp. (5.6 %) and Corynebacterium sp. (5.6 %). All isolates showed a susceptibility rate of 100 % to enrofloxacin, cefepim, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem and meropenem while some of them were ranged from 75 to 91.7 % susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, gentamicin and cephalosporins.
Keywords: antimicrobial susceptibility, BACTEC blood culture, neonatal calves, septicaemia.
Septicaemia is an important sequel to bacterial infection that causes a high mortality. It is most likely to be present in colostrum-deprived neonatal calves kept under poor shelter and hygienic conditions6,11. Common clinical signs of septicaemia are diarrhoea, dehydration, lethargy, hypothermia, lack of suckling reflex and recumbency in 1-7-day-old calves. Because clinical signs are nonspecific, early diagnosis of septicaemia is difficult. Rapid and reliable culture with subsequent identification of pathogens from the blood is vital so that effective antimicrobial therapy can be provided. A bacteriological culture of blood is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of septicaemia11,23. Automated blood culture systems are commonly used to identify infectious agents causing septicaemia in human medicine9,13,15. In veterinary medicine, however, conventional blood culture methods are used in neonatal calves with septicaemia7. Oxoid Signal18 and BACTEC blood culture systems3 have rarely been employed in the veterinary field. The BACTEC 9240 system is one of the new automated continuous BACTEC blood culture systems using infrared spectrophotometry to monitor CO2 production by growing bacteria with a fluorescence sensor19. This system detects blood-borne organisms rapidly and accurately. It minimises the incubation time, contamination risk and false negative rate14,21. Although it seems to be a relatively expensive method, the system may reduce the cost of treatment through early recognition of the infection that enables effective management. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for the isolates using an accurate method, such as the BACTEC 9240 system, will help to determine a suitable drug treatment programme.
The purpose of the study was to detect aerobic pathogenic bacteria in the blood of septicaemic neonatal calves with the BACTEC 9240 blood culture system, and to determine the antimicrobial drug susceptibility of isolates.
Sampling and processing
Blood samples were collected from 90 septicaemic and 20 healthy (control) neonatal calves aged 0-7 days. The septicaemic calves were referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine's clinics of internal medicine in Erzurum in eastern Turkey. Prior to venipuncture, hair was shaved and the skin disinfected by scrubbing with 70 % ethyl alcohol and applying 10 % povidone iodine for 1 minute. An experienced veterinary clinician collected the samples following the antisepsis procedure to prevent possible bacterial contamination risk. Ten millilitres of whole blood was drawn from the jugular vein of each calf with an 18-gauge needle into a sterile disposable syringe and then infused into a blood culture bottle12.
The BACTEC 9240 blood culture 'kits' each contained an aerobic blood culture bottle, a needle, a syringe and an instruction brochure (BD BACTEC Aerobic, Becton Dickinson). Isopropyl alcohol was poured on the rubber septum of the bottles for decontamination and the blood samples were inoculated directly into the bottles after exchanging the needle used for venipuncture with a new sterile needle according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Inoculated bottles were immediately transported to the medical microbiology laboratory at Ataturk University for culture. All bottles were loaded into the instrument in the computer-assigned positions and incubated for 5 days with continuous agitation. The system used infrared spectrophotometry to monitor carbon dioxide, produced by microorganisms on a continuous basis. The bottles were removed from the instrument when a signal alarm was obtained. An aliquot of the bloodbroth mixture was then aspirated aseptically using a syringe for initial Gram staining. Based on Gram-staining results, aliquots from the bottles were subcultured on 5 % sheep blood agar (Merck, Germany) and MacConkey agar (Merck, Germany) plates and incubated aerobically. Microorganisms isolated from positive cultures were identified using conventional biochemical tests20.
Susceptibility testing
In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 89 isolates from septicaemic calves was carried out using the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute2. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (Merck, Germany) plates1. Bacterial isolates were tested against the following antimicrobial drugs: cefoxitin, cefaclor, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cephazolin, cephalotin, cefuroxime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefepim, imipenem piperacillin/tazobactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/ sulbactam, meropenem, cefoperazone/ sulbactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulphametaxazole (Oxoid). The antimicrobial susceptibilities were expressed as the percentage of isolates that were susceptible.
The calves included in the study showed clinical signs of septicaemia, namely lack of suckling reflex, lethargy, weakness, anorexia, recumbency, hypothermia/ hyperthermia, and/or clinical shock and diarrhoea. Of these symptoms, diarrhoea, dehydration and hypothermia were the most prominent.
The BACTEC system detected growth of bacteria in 89 of 90 aerobic bottles. A single organism was isolated from each sample of the septicaemic group. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen accounting for 56 (63 %) out of 90 isolates. The other pathogens detected were 14 β-haemolytic streptococci (15.7 %), 9 Staphylococcus aureus (10.1 %), 5 Klebsiella sp. (5.6 %) and 5 Corynebacterium sp. (5.6 %) using standard procedures (Table 1).
Eighty-nine blood culture bottles were positive within 3 days of incubation: 25 on day 0 (28.1 %), 45 on the 1st day (50.6 %), 14 on the 2nd (15.7 %), and 5 on the 3rd (5.6 %). The species are given in Table 2.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), as contaminant bacteria, were isolated in only 2 of 20 samples in the control group from healthy calves. No bacteria were isolated from the remaining 18 samples.
The results of antimicrobial drug susceptibilities of the bacterial isolates are shown in Table 3. β-Haemolytic streptococci and Corynebacterium sp. were found to be susceptible to all antibiotics tested. All the isolates showed a 100 % sensitivity to enrofloxacin, cefepim, cefoperazone/ sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, imipenem and meropenem. Susceptibility rates to other antibiotics ranged from 75 to 91.7 % to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, ampicillin/ sulbactam and gentamicin. Susceptibility to cephalosporins was 100 % to cefepim, 91.7 % to cephalotin, cephazolin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone and cefotaxime and 83.4 % to cefoxitin, cefaclor and ceftazidime.
Bloodstream infections such as septicaemia and bacteraemia result in the death of young farm animals throughout the world, resulting in economic losses in herd production. The isolation of microorganisms directly from blood can be a guide to accurate diagnosis and effective treatment in these cases4. Rapid, automated and reliable blood culture systems have been developed and are routinely used in human medicine. Of these systems, the BACTEC system is frequently used. In human medicine it has been shown that the BACTEC 9240 automated blood culture system is more effective than conventional methods14. Its main advantages over previous generations of blood culture instruments include full automation, quicker detection of blood pathogens, and improved laboratory workflow because it is not labour-intensive17.
With conventional methods, isolates needed to be checked for growth of bacteria during culturing and passaged if necessary, which is time-consuming and carries the risk of contamination. The number of passages should be restricted to increase medium reliability and method sensitivity in processing of blood cultures. The BACTEC system shakes the blood culture bottles periodically and sounds an alarm when bacterial growth is detected. This saves time and decreases the consumption of medium and the risk of contamination. Compared with conventional systems (i.e. BACTEC enrichment broth and Oxoid Signal blood culture) the BACTEC system was determined to be most sensitive and time-efficient, having a low rate of false negatives for the isolation of microorganisms in culture of blood and sterile body fluids5,22,24.
In the veterinary field, conventional blood culture systems have infrequently been used in diagnosis of septicaemia in animals6,7. Oxoid Signal blood culture and BACTEC systems have also been investigated in other studies3,18. The BACTEC system is now used not just for humans, but also for cattle. It has provided a positive diagnosis of Johne's disease caused by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle and the system was found to be faster than standard methods3.
Although the objective of this study was not a validation of the BACTEC system, it enabled the 9240 automated blood culture system to be evaluated as to whether it will be a practical method for the diagnosis of bacterial septicaemia in naturally affected neonatal septicaemic calves. To the authors' knowledge, this system has not previously been evaluated in neonatal calves.
The calves recruited in the study were clinically diagnosed as septicaemic. Most of these calves showed apathy, lack of suckling reflex, dehydration and diarrhoea. In a previous study the authors evaluated a clinical score of calves in terms of general attitude, hydration status and appearance of scleral vessels, and found a prevalence of 31 % for bacteraemia8. Accurate identification of the pathogens in their bloodstream was necessary for confirmation of the diagnosis. The pathogenic bacteria isolated were identified as S. aureus, Streptococcus sp. and species of the Enterobacteriaceae. In this study the microorganisms isolated were regarded as pathogens owing to the severe clinical signs manifested by the septicaemic calves. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) and some Bacillus sp. occurred as contaminants24. Positive blood cultures were determined in 89 of 90 bottles obtained from the septicaemic calves. Seventy of 89 cultures showed positive results within the 1st 24 hours indicating the rapidity of this system. Septicaemia is a common clinical problem in exhausted neonatal ruminants. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of septicaemia can improve the likelihood of a successful outcome. Blood culture studies on septicaemic calves indicated that E. coli was the most common Gram-negative bacterium isolated, accounting for approximately 80 % of the bacterial isolations11,23,25. These pathogens usually enter the body by means of contamination of the intestinal tract within 24 hours of parturition, resulting in septicaemia, death or local infections such as meningitis, polyarthritis and polyserositis in a short space of time.
In this study, the pathogenic species obtained were E. coli, β-haemolytic streptococci and S. aureus, in agreement with previous reports. In addition, a single organism was isolated from each of the samples from septicaemic calves. The most frequent organism cultured was E. coli (63 %) in blood cultures. Other organisms cultured were β-haemolytic streptococci, S. aureus, Klebsiella sp. and Corynebacterium sp. A previous study similarly reported that E. coli made up 51 % of isolates when blood from critically-ill neonatal calves was cultured in the conventional way7. Furthermore, E. coli and Lactococcus lactis were determined in septicaemia and septic arthritis in neonatal calves using the same method26. In Oxoid Signal blood culture systems, E. coli (65 %) and Group D streptococci (11.5 %) were isolated from the blood of septicaemic calves and foals11, while E. coli (56 %) and Actinobacillus sp. (26 %) were isolated from blood cultures in septicaemic foals18. In human septicaemia, aerobic Gram-positive cocci (particularly Staphylococcus sp.) were isolated most frequently3,13,16. The difference in isolates from humans and animals may be related to different environmental living conditions and housing. Positive blood culture results are necessary to make a definite diagnosis of septicaemia. However, septicaemia can progress quickly in neonatal calves, therefore antibiotic treatment should not be delayed until the results of blood cultures are obtained23. Antibiotic therapy currently acts as the cornerstone of treatment of septicaemic neonatal infection. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a common reason for a failure of treatment, so appropriate antimicrobial treatment to septicaemia is critical to decrease mortality rates7,23. Bacterial susceptibility patterns should be documented to determine whether the microorganism is indeed susceptible to the selected antibiotic.
In this study, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates recovered from blood samples from septicaemic calves were evaluated. Many of the isolates tested were sensitive to cephalosporins. Of the cephalosporins tested, cefepim, cefotaxime, cefoperazone and cefuroxime were likely to be the most effective. In previous investigations, enrofloxacin has been demonstrated as effective in the treatment of E. coli-induced septicaemia in calves23. In this study, all the isolates were susceptible to enrofloxacin. However, 16.6 % of the isolates were resistant to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, one of the drugs most commonly used in the Middle East (particularly eastern Turkey). Therefore E. coli antibiotic resistance in the region is not surprising.
Moreover, resistance to this drug among E. coli isolates from calves has already been observed10,11. It is suggested that the success rate of antibiotic treatment can be improved by knowing the susceptibility rate.
Although the BACTEC system may be a relatively expensive method (compared to classic blood culture systems), the cost can be offset by decreasing mortality rates through early diagnosis and accurate treatment. Further detailed studies could be undertaken to evaluate this system as a diagnostic tool for other diseases in the field of veterinary medicine.
The isolation of pathogenic aerobic bacteria from blood has been achieved in septicaemic neonatal calves using the automated BACTEC 9240 blood culture system. The system allows for rapid detection and identification of pathogens leading to an accurate diagnosis. Once the pathogen is isolated, its susceptibility to antibiotics can be determined, ensuring more effective use of antibiotic treatment.
The authors thank Prof. Ahmet Ayylldlz for giving them the opportunity to use the BACTEC 9240 automated blood culture system in the department of microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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8. Fecteau G, Paré J, Van Metre D C, Smith B P, Holmberg C A, Guterbock W, Jang S 1997 Use of a clinical sepsis score for predicting bacteremia in neonatal dairy calves on a calf rearing farm. Canadian Veterinary Journal 38: 101-104 [ Links ]
9. Frank R, Cockerill F R, Reed G S, Hughes J G, Catherine A, Torgerson E A, Vetter, W S, Harmsen J C, Dale G D, RobertsDMI, Nancy K H 1997 Clinical comparison of BACTEC 9240 plus aerobic/f resin bottles and the isolator aerobic culture system for detection of bloodstream infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 35: 1469-1472 [ Links ]
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Received: March 2010.
Accepted: June 2010.
* Author for correspondence. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Last updated September 15, 2015.
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Sijun Forums :: View topic - Yuck........ Log in to check your private messages Sijun Forums Forum Index >> Random Musings View previous topic :: View next topic Author Topic : "Yuck........" jasonNmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 842Location: Sydney Australia Posted: Wed Feb 02, 2000 11:25 pm Eh. I had a bad/good/weird day today. Actually, it's been like that for the past week. Stuff in my real life has actually been happening so I haven't posted on the board too much. I feel like crap. I just had to say it. Back to top imdakingmemberMember #Joined: 22 Oct 1999Posts: 321Location: USA Posted: Thu Feb 03, 2000 3:12 pm HELL YES! THIS WEEK SUX ASS! ARGH ARGH ARGH! =\ IT SUX! EWWWWWWW! hmm... okay... :D but you know what I say? I just say..... heh, I got an F! WHHHHHHHOHA! YEA YEA YEA! What? I now have a C+? GOD DAMN! HOT DIGGITY DAMN! WHOOOHA! Then I went and almost bunched through my 700 page history book cuz I was pissed :D :( What the hell? Is everyone having a shitty day/week ? Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Fri Feb 04, 2000 5:53 am it's been a ...........week,. not much more i can say about it,. i got another drawing finished,. still haven't had time to upload any,.. but soon, everyone will know who B is,. andif they don't well,.. then i suppose they wouldn't care so it diesn't matter anyhow, eh? tech work can get rather boring some days,. b Back to top MuzmanmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 675Location: Western Australia Posted: Sun Feb 06, 2000 3:11 pm I would join in but I barely know what day it is. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Sijun Forums Forum Index -> Random Musings All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Digital Art----------------Digital Art DiscussionWork in ProgressGallery/Finished Work Miscellaneous----------------Random MusingsArchive : Sep99 - Dec00 You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum Powered by phpBB © 2005 phpBB Group


text: 1 to 3 of 3 products Sort By: Default Name (A–Z) Name (Z–A) Price (Low–High) Price (High–Low) Filter by Custom Packaging Visit MyJellyBelly.com More Info KAPOW! Place £30 of goodies in your basket and Nab our Fab Batman 125g Gift Box of Jelly Belly beans absolutely FREE. Offer is valid during AUGUST 2019. Don't forget to use Code KAPOW! at checkout. More x


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Dream job seem out of reach? One of the biggest reasons people don't get where they want to be is they don't know where there is. Yogi Berra said it best:
"If you don't know where you are going, you'll end up somewhere else"
If you have the map, landing the job of your dreams is actually simple. You start by not "spraying and praying." Focus on a specific industry, company, and position. Then focus your plan even further.
Use your focus to identify traits of successful people already doing the job you want. Search LinkedIn and job postings for key words, skills and successful outcomes of people in the position.
Finally, make sure to find the employers 'pain point" and sell the fit, not yourself. Showing how you can solve the employer's problem is the best way to stand out. In the end, it's not about you.
The majority of your competition is not going to do everything necessary to land their dream job. They won't put enough energy into focusing their job search. They won't do the research and digging to figure out how they can solve the employer's problem. They won't have a map where X marks the spot, showing the path to their dream job.
So grab your treasure map and do these three things. Before you know it, you will hear "you're hired."
Originally published by Joel Quass August 6, 2014


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Me too! I plan on playing hookie from my pizza gig some Tues. soon and field trip to Roots to taste the First Lady of Flours great looking pies. I am near Altoona Pa so not a long ride. See you and Steve soon Norma. (maybe try that home brew too )
Awesome pizza, great service, and a lovely lady working behind the counter... You just can't beat that fine combination, for sure!!!
Yes, I agree. It is the best pizza in Lancaster County. Papa Dino's cannot even challenge Norma's! Mark
Pete,It also was a pleasure meeting you and your lovely wife! I enjoyed talking to you. Steve came not to long after you left and he would have liked to have met you and your wife. Thanks for your kind words. Did you purchase much at Root's?Norma
Just a couple subs and a big ol' 3lb. bag of Zerbe's dark potato chips for the trip back home. It was great meeting you, Norma!!! Ann and I certainly enjoyed talking with you as well!!! Sorry we missed Steve. Perhaps we'll catch him the next time we get down there to the market, whenever that may be. LOLAnd yes, your pizza was really, really good!!! I should've gotten at least two more slices but I didn't want to hold up the line.
Pete,You and your wife sure didnt purchase much. Where the subs you purchased Raubs Subs? I think they started at Roots in the year 1958 and first opened at Green Dragon Farmers Market in 1957. I havent had any of those Zerbes chips for a long while. They sure are good though. I used to know the man that started Zerbies chips, but he has passed away. Maybe you and Ann will get to meet Steve the next time, whenever that might be. I am glad you liked the pizza. If it wasnt for this forum, I sure wouldnt have been able to make the pizza you ate. I was just lost in the dark in knowing how to make pizza dough before I learned here on the forum. Maybe if you find the time sometime, you could explain how big Roots is and what kind of stand holders are at Roots. I have posted before about Roots, but from someone like you, maybe members might understand better what Roots is like. The manager of the market came and talked to me yesterday and is trying to help me with my deck oven vent leak again. This is the fourth time the vent leaks when it rains. It has been repaired 3 times already. The manager also talked to me about some advertising ideas and I am not sure what I want to do about that yet.I wish I could have talked to you and Ann more. Norma
Our trip down was more than a scouting mission than anything else since my lovely wife Ann and I haven't been down there for a couple years. Plus, I really wanted to meet you and say hello. We got away with spending less than 25 bucks so it's all good. LOL Oh yeah, I'm a huge Zerbe's fan because I absolutely love lard-fried chips and they still don't use any preservatives like just about all the others except maybe Moyer's. The dark ones are the best especially with just a little bit more salt added to them. MMMMM!!! My three-pound bag was filled right out of the big metal can so they were super-fresh as well.The subs, of course, were Raub's. Ann has always enjoyed their sandwiches although I think they could slice the meat a little thinner. I suppose that helps with speed of assembly when they're really busy like they were yesterday.Hey, this site and the membership which frequents it are a great resource and it really shows in the quality of your pizza. We could've, would've, should've had more time to gab if you weren't so busy also. LOL Living in and around the land of the plain folk definitely has it's advantages especially when it comes to stuffing our tummies. I suppose the best description of Root's can be found on their own website but it really is a great place where you can find good stuff and plenty of it. Here's what the complex looks like from overhead on every day of the week except Tuesday...http://binged.it/ODBPn7Good luck with that oven vent repair and the best form of advertising has always been word-of-mouth. I know I'll be glad to talk you and your pizza up whenever I get the chance!!!


text: Quite is a group show held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with five Singaporean and three Malaysian artists. The artists are Angela Chong, Ezzam Rahman, Stellah Lim, Nur Ain, Ghazi Alqudcy, Aswad Ameir, Azharr Rudin and Tan Hui Koon. Aswad Ameir is a multi-disciplinary artist who works with painting, installations and objects. In Quite, Ameir built a white shrine in the style of an old wooden[…..]


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IN THE COMMENTS: I and others defend Bale.
AND: slhamlet, in the comments, points us to Ain't It Cool News, where Henry Knowles is giving the background to the story:
The DP on TERMINATOR SALVATION, Shane Hurlbut, is a apparently a light tweaker. He's a fairly young DP and likes to fiddle with his lights on set during action, which is a big "NO NO" on most productions unless worked out in advance with performers. But apparently Shane was a pretty unrepentant light tweaker.We love you, Christian!
The scene in question, was a very emotional and tough scene between Christian Bale and Bryce Howard. A scene that required soul bearing and a deep level of immersive concentration. The sort of scene where everyone on set knows not to get in anyone's eye lines, and definitely not to move lights around while FILMING. You lock that shit down before the scene starts.
Bale had indeed warned the DP on multiple occasions about messing with lights while the cameras were rolling, and Bale was in the midst of a painful scene with Bryce, what was described to me as being the emotional center of the film and his character for the film.
Now, the reason I know all of this is because the person that was there, felt that it should be made perfectly clear that Christian Bale was the utmost gentleman and cool guy on set. And the DP really was doing something that professional DPs with experience just don't do. Not during a performance.
AND: Knowles isn't really a Henry. He's just a Harry. I know that. I knowl that.


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My parents are leaving not very far from Pierrelatte, a little town in Drôme Provençale (26) in the South of France. Tonight Fouguet took us to an awesome place which, I must confess, I did not expect to find there
This place is called Ellip6 and it hosts eighteen 6 axels simulators on which you run Formula 1 or Rallye races or even fly an helicopter. 16 simulation cabs are dedicated to car simulations and 2 to flying simulation. You can also practice come "extreme sport simulations" which I haven't seen tonight.
If you wonder what kind of sensation a 6 axels simulator can give, this little video should give you a nice preview
You will find some more video presenting Ellip6 on this page which seems to be their Youtube page. You will also find all practical infos and some more pics and videos on www.ellip6.com. The English translation is not perfect but who am I to blame them ( )? and if you do need any help, I'm here
Tonight we've tried the formula including lunch+10min session of car simulation. All for 35€ per person which was quite interesting as the lunch did taste pretty good.
Then Diotime, Fouguet and I tried the formula 1 race which is quite impressive. If you test it, know that it is a bit more permissive than Gran Turismo or Forza but when I realized that and decided to take profit of it I had quite an epic crash
Fouguet and I then tried the rallye race which I have prefered. Sadly there was only one cab available on the two dedicated to helicopter simulation cause I would have loved to try it patroling with Fouguet over Pierrelatte. Maybe another time. Here is a little video of the Flight Simulator screens.
The place has opened only a few months ago, I must say I'm still skeptical about its profitability in this area but I hope it will work as that's the kind of initiative I do love. So if you ever stop in French Drôme, make a detour by Ellip6!


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Domain name investing has been around almost as long as domain names were open for purchase by the general public, and the practice has picked up since the mid-90s, as companies stake out their spot on the digital frontier. Domain names can be so valuable, in fact, that people actually steal them to sell to unsuspecting companies or other domain name investors. The legal process to combat a domain name thief is complicated at best, but there is hope, as police have arrested a man accused of stealing the domain P2P.com.
An initial investigation by Florida police, where the victims reside, was dropped for lack of evidence. The rightful owners of P2P.com then filed a civil suit as they believed it was their only recourse. However, Detective Sergeant John Gorman of the New Jersey State Police Cyber-Crimes Unit later reviewed the case, and asked the victims if they wanted to pursue the case in New Jersey, where the alleged thief lived. Based on evidence gathered for the civil suit, the NJ District Attorney approved an indictment. On July 30, Daniel Goncalves, a 25-year-old computer technician for a NJ law firm, was arrested at his home and his computers were seized.
The first-ever criminal arrest for domain name theft has been made in the great state of New Jersey.
The story begins several years ago. In 2005, husband and wife Albert and Lesli Angel got together with investor and partner Marc Ostrofsky—known for his sale of the domain business.com for $7.5 million—and bought P2P.com for $160,000. Sometime before late 2006, Gonclaves hacked into the Angels' e-mail account, obtained login details for the couple's Godaddy.com account, and transferred the domain to an account he controlled using a fake name. He even falsfied Paypal transaction records to make it appear as though he had rightfully purchased P2P.com for $900. Gonclaves then put the domain up for sale on eBay, and sold it to LA Clippers player and part time domain name investor Mark Madsen for $110,000.
With the help of professional "cyber" investigators, the Angels gathered enough evidence to file a civil suit against Madsen and Goncalves to retrieve the domain name. That case is still pending, and has since been amended to include Gonclaves' brother as a co-conspirator and Godaddy.com for negligence and contributory trademark infringement under Anti-Cyber Piracy statute. The outcome of both the civil and criminal case are likely to set precedents for similar cases in the future.
The main problems affecting victims of domain name theft are lack of experience of law enforcement, lack of clear legal precedents, and the money necessary to launch an investigation. DomainNameNews, which first reported the arrest, relates the Angels' experience in reporting the crime. When the Angels called Florida police to report the theft, a uniformed officer in a squad car was sent to their home. "What's a domain?" the officer asked them, according to DomainNameNews.
Then, there is the fact that domain names aren't necessarily considered property. "The laws do not specifically identify domains as property," attorney Paul Keating told DomainNameNews. "That has been the subject of various court decisions—not all courts have issued consistent decisions."
Finally, because domain name theft is such a legal gray area, most people wouldn't have the money or the wherewithal to pursue an investigation. There is little legal precedent for criminal investigation and only one civil case has been successfully litigated in California.
Goncalves is currently out of jail on $60,000 bail. Meanwhile, prosecutors in New Jersey intend to pursue the criminal case and are pushing for a felony conviction. The Angels, along with Ostrofsky, are pressing on with their civil case against Goncalves as well. Goncalves may have thought he had gotten away scott free—he had an in-ground pool installed at his home, drove a Lotus and a Mercedes, and bragged about frequent travel—but his days of wine and roses may soon be at an end.


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BERLIN — Several physical miles and a million symbolic miles away from sterile medical offices, needles and debilitating treatments is an idyllic horse farm in Berlin where dozens of kids battling life-threatening diseases have found a brief but joyful respite all summer, thanks to Believe in Tomorrow and two local girls who shared their love of horses and horseback riding.
The Believe in Tomorrow Children's Foundation offers children fighting disease and illness and their families a retreat in Ocean City from the daily grind of treatments and hospital visits and allows them to enjoy a summer vacation similar to that enjoyed by most families at the beach. Each week all summer, six families arrive at the Believe in Tomorrow House by the Sea on 66th Street for a week of fun in the sun and activities arranged by the Director Wayne Littleton and his staff including surfing, fishing, Coast Guard tours, mini golf and amusement park visits, for example.
About two years ago, Jan Rooney, a trainer and program director at Berlin's Autumn Grove Stables, owned and operated by Kristie and Katie Naughton, suggested to Littleton an activity be added for the kids and their families at the farm. Out of that conceptual idea grew a program at Autumn Grove in which ill children and their siblings get a chance each week to ride and interact with the horses at the farm.
Georgia Parolski and Paige Kreppel, who ride competitively at Autumn Grove, each week throughout the summer invited kids from Believe in Tomorrow to the farm in Berlin to ride the horses and enjoy the hobby and sport they love so much themselves. On Wednesday, Parolski and Kreppel hosted two families from the Children's House by the Sea to ride, feed and water down the horses.
The sheer joy on the faces of the children enjoying something they wouldn't typically get to do far away from doctors and hospitals was matched by their moms who stood by and watched.
"It's amazing," said Tracee Antoine, mother of Max and Naisyn Antoine, who rode at Autumn Grove on Wednesday. "Coming off a brutal treatment, it's so hard to find things to do with the kids to get their mind off it and let them just be kids, but Believe in Tomorrow makes it happen."
Antoine said allowing the children to ride and interact with the horses at Autumn Grove, and the other activities arranged by Littleton and the Believe in Tomorrow crew is an indispensable part of the healing process.
"This is the kind of stuff that helps them forget about the year they just had," she said. "Coming to the beach and enjoying these activities, like coming out to this beautiful farm and riding the horses, is helping to bring us back to life."
Rooney said the activities at Autumn Grove on Wednesday and all summer long helped provide a release for the kids from the daily grind.
"They forget all about it for that hour and half or so that they're out here," she said. "For that hour and half, nobody out here is sick."
For his part, Littleton praised Parolski and Kreppel for their dedication to the program and presented them Wednesday with plaques of recognition.
"These girls are just terrific," he said. "For teenagers to give up a couple hours a week out of their summer to help these kids enjoy a little break from what they're going through is special. It's something they clearly love to do and they're bringing that joy to all these kids all summer."
Littleton said despite their illnesses, the participants find joy and relief in the activities Believe in Tomorrow provides for them.
"They're just kids," he said. "They want to do the same things all kids want to do. A lot of these activities are things they don't get to experience."


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Toiletology 101 as an online toilet repair course is now over 18 years old. Each day hundreds of students fill the classes of Toiletology 101 and learn they do not need to be a plumber to fix the most common toilet problems. All alumnae are encouraged to return at any time for a refresher; we welcome your participation and wish you success with all your toilet repair projects. When you need the help of a plumbing professional in the U.S., checkout eLocalPlumbers.com for the name of a plumber near you.
The information included on these WebPages is meant for toilet repairs on standard, ordinary, run~of~the~mill, two~piece American~made fixtures. There are variations, but generally American~made toilets have the trip lever (handle) on the left side of the toilet tank. However, much of the material will apply to one~piece toilets, fixtures made outside of the U.S., and newer water conservation models.
On the left is an example of a toilet that has some obvious differences. This is a toilet made by Kohler Co. but altered for use in the colder areas of Japan. It has a small heater under the trap of the bowl. The illustration was sent to me by Masamichi Ishii, a Kohler Co. representative in Japan. Mr. Ishii tells me the interior parts in the tank are similar to the typical tank.
See Anatomy for a cutaway illustration of a two piece toilet.
In the UK, you'll find more differences. A toilet is often referred to as a loo and the tank as a cistern. In addition, the trip lever is on the right side. However, inside the tank (cistern) the mechanics are quite similar, although in different places.
One more thing, our sponsors and advertisers pay your tuition for this course in toilet repairs; each of your clicks/purchases through Toiletology 101 let's them know you appreciate their support in keeping Toiletology 101 online, up-to-date and free. Thanks to the support and loyalty of Toiletology students, alumnae and plumbers, the past 16 years have been fun and gratifying. KAY
Wally Gross (email@example.com)... Hi Kay: An effort of Herculean proportions. Not only are we impressed; we are simply amazed. Who (not us) would ever believe that there is so much to know about that little throne where we all can be King or Queen (if only for a few minutes), the toilet. We are pleased to award your site with our "Best of The Net" designation.
Incredibly Useful Sites ... Know Thy Plumbing ... Take the plunge at Toiletology 101. Yahoo! Internet Life, Feb 1997.
Lifestyle.UK, Europe's most excellent directory! http://www.lifestyle.co.uk/ ... Congratulations, your site is a quality resource and will shortly be featured @ Lifestyle.UK. We apply stringent criteria to our listings and it is indeed in recognition of your good work.
Womans Day Solutions, ...for a leaky toilet, take a seat in Kay Keating's entertaining online classroom at Toiletology.com.
The Web Magazine ... Hot 5. Stop giggling; this no-nonsense site tells you how a toilet works, what can go wrong, and what you can do to fix it with engaging text and excellent graphics.
Toiletology 101 - exists as an answer to that eternal question: "Do you have what it takes to fix the Can?" (Featured June 24, 1996 ~ Yahoo)
Birmingham Post-Herald ... Weekly Web Wonder: Need to know more about your toilet? Check out Toiletology.com for the latest in repairs, upgrades and tips.
More Feedback
Website Contact InformationJay Keating @ 1-866-578-1805
Sales & Marketing Director


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Today when a friend told me about an ad at olx.in about medical seats being sold (for those unaware of the concept, it means paying and getting into medical colleges irrespective of one's qualifications and intellectual merit), I was appalled. I knew that such things do happen. However, these deals were always secretly done. Openly selling seats in colleges is equivalent to committing theft in broad daylight and proudly announcing that it is the thief's right to do so. I believe it is blasphemy against humanity. It is a pity that people consider religious blasphemy very seriously but blasphemy against humanity is so simply ignored.
There is a propagation of crime going on here. These colleges bribe their way out of accreditation process or make a temporary show of fulfilling the requirements of the accreditation. Very rarely some are caught. Obviously the quality of education in such institutes is not up to the mark. The grave question then is whether we can trust diagnoses done by doctors passing our from such institutes that offer seats for sale. This actually is a more serious concern than global warming because incorrect diagnoses will cause undeserved deaths; but sadly no politician talks of it in his/her agenda.


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Raising Concerns: speaking up about patient safety
A short film produced by Health Education England to support healthcare professionals in training and staff at all levels to report and respond to concerns about patient safety.
Jump to navigation
A short film produced by Health Education England to support healthcare professionals in training and staff at all levels to report and respond to concerns about patient safety.
Academic papers
An observational study from the USA which examined the impact of high-performance work practices on interventions to reduce central line associated bloodstream infections.
Inquiries and reports
Produced by the Canadian Patient Safety Institute, this report includes a literature review on effective teamwork and communication in healthcare, a needs assessment of Canadian healthcare organisations, a review of teamwork and communication training programmes, and a consultation with national and international experts in teamwork and communication.
An interview with Dr Kim Holt, Consultant Paediatrician who 'blew the whistle' on the Baby P case in Haringey. She also founded Patients First, which is a support group for whistle-blowers.
She discusses her experience and those of other health professionals who have been "whistle-blowers".
She discusses the need to change the system so that clinical staff feel empowered to speak up.
Dr Sinead Millwood, a junior doctor in England, talks through her innovative quality improvement project.
Junior doctors commonly make mistakes which may compromise patient safety. Despite the recent push by the NHS to encourage a "no blame" culture, mistakes are still viewed as shameful, embarrassing and demoralising events.
Dr Millwood taught sessions on "learning from mistakes" and discusses how she implemented her project to change attitudes about discussing such mistakes
Inquiries and reports
This report looks at past experience with NHS workforce planning and the challenges facing workforce planning in the future, in the light of changing health care needs and the need to deliver the future care models outlines in the NHS five year forward view.
The report focuses on three areas key to providing integrated care: mental health, primary care and community nursing.
In this webinar, Abhishek Bhartia (Director of Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research), Saru Bhartia (Quality Improvement professional) and Rinku Sen Gupta Dhar (Consultant obstetrician) talk about their quality improvement journey in Delhi, India.
Other tools and resources
A presentation by David Dalton, Chief Executive of Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust about changing patient safety culture in an organisation.
Other tools and resources
This section of the King's Fund toolkit for improving safety in maternity services focuses on the role of teamworking. It includes short case studies of team training and development, and covers a set of tools that can be used to improve teamworking in maternity services.
Safety policy
This detailed and extensive guideline document Has been developed by the Irish National Clinical Effectiveness Committee. It provides an in-depth review of the evidence relating to clinical handover particularly in maternity services from both an Irish and international perspective.


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After my previous dabble with YSL Rouge Volupte, I decided to have a little dabble in 2 other shades of pink. But before I get into that I have to confirm that –
1. The case is gorgeous and it matched the lipstick
2. It smells nice
3. The texture is smooth, creamy and gorgeous
4. The pigmentation is high and the colour is true.
Yet…I have my doubts….
On with the lippies –
Remember my no-love for Lingerie Pink? Well here it is, and I swear, its not made for darker ladies (and I'm not even that dark):
Yak. Lap Dancer pink if you ask me. Fetish Pink is far more wearable:
Its a little stronger than in the photo which means the eye make up still has to be on the low when wearing this colour.
Provocative Pink is a hot pink:
Once again, wear in moderation.
There's something about Rouge Volupte I don't love. I think its the colour selection:
I've circled other colours I like, Peach Passion, Orange Shiver and Sweet Honey (but I haven't seen them in the flesh).
I think the issue is that Rouge Volupte is SO pigmented, is SO creamy that whatever colour you choose, the lip is covered in it completely without any sheerness or sparkle. It has to be a colour that translastes well – Orange Shiver for example – I adore oranges on the lip but a true bold orange all over would make me look like the tango man – some colours are meant to be worn slightly sheer.
So all these bold shades of red, of pink etc. etc. are kind of extreme and unforgiving. I have three of these lippies now and there isn't one I would just slap on without a care, which I like to do sometimes. They require lipliner, careful application etc. etc. Yes, I like it and I will try and find a wearable every day shade but for £26 I don't think this lipstick is quite as versatile as I'd like.


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That game sucked. Chandler was nonexistent, Melo got hurt and Amar'e scored 6 points. Need I say more? Knicks lost 94-83 and it wasn't that close.
Here are some notes from the game:
- Amar'e had a really good game tonight. He got 2 fouls in the first 2 minutes and finished the game 1/7 with 6 points and 3 rebounds in 20 minutes. It was like he and Chandler got on a plane to Oklahoma City with about 6 minutes to go in the first quarter. Both players were non factors tonight, much like the rest of the beleaguered team except for Melo.
- Melo is a mess right now. He played a good game, scoring 14 points on 6/11 shooting, but he sprained both his wrist and ankle. It was just that type of a game. Melo's status is unknown right now but if he's out for any period of time, the Knicks will be in trouble. While Amar'e and Chandler were on their way to Oklahoma City, Melo kept the Knicks from drowning with his quality offensive game. Right now, he is far and away the Knicks best player but unfortunately he is the most injury beleaguered player with the exceptions of Davis and Jeffries.
- Can Baron Davis come back already? I know he won't hit the ground running but he can't be any worse than this. I love Shumpert but tonight showed why we cannot rely on Shumpert. He was…. ready for this? 5/20 shooting the ball. Yes he took 20 shots and hit 5 of them. At one point he had more shot attempts than Melo, Amar'e and Chandler combined. Knick fans will act like its the end of the world. It's not. Shumpert is a rookie, he will have games like that. That being said, this team cannot afford to have many outputs like this from Shumpert. His offensive efficiency is crucial to the Knicks success. (Hoopdata hasn't released the advanced box scores yet but I am expecting Shumpert's usage rate to be in the 70's).
- Bill Walker is a garbage time all-pro. Too bad he goes 0/11 in the playoffs.
- Douglas showed signs of life… With 4 minutes to go in the middle of a blowout
- Notes on Landry Fields: see notes on Toney Douglas
- Jeremy Lin didn't even see the court in this one… I expect him to be cut next time the Knicks sign a free agent.
- Jerome Jordan didn't even see the court in this one… he might be headed to the D-league when Jeffries comes back
- Chandler was a -22 tonight
- Novak was a +12
- Jorts continues to stroke from outside the arc
- Douglas continues to not stroke from outside the arc
- Balkman thought he was Scottie Pippen trying to pipe on people tonight at the rim. He was unsuccessful.
- Knicks play OKC on Saturday. If Melo's not there, Saturday's game might be worse than this one.


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The Azure Code Samples are currently available in English
Microsoft Azure Billing API Code Samples: Multi-Tenant Web Application
A Web application that allows the signed-in user to give consent to the application, to call the Azure Graph API and the Azure Usage API on the user's behalf. It also shows the OAuth flows required to get consent for the 'Reader' role, for the list of Microsoft Azure subscriptions that the user wants to allow access to. The Microsoft Azure Billing APIs enable integration of Azure Billing information into your applications, providing new insights into your consumption of Azure resources, allowing you to accurately predict and manage your Azure resource consumption costs.
To learn more about the Billing Usage and RateCard APIs, visit the overview article Gain insights into your Microsoft Azure resource consumption. Please note, the Billing APIs were in Preview at the time of this writing. Please refer to MSDN article Azure Billing REST API Reference for current details on the Billing APIs.
Complete billing samples index
Below is the list of all of the available Azure Billing API code samples:
- billing-dotnet-usage-api - This sample will help you get started with the Usage API.
- billing-dotnet-ratecard-api - This sample help you get started with the RateCard API.
- billing-dotnet-webapp-multitenant - This Multi-Tenant sample creates a WebApp that allows the signed-in user to give it consent, to call the Azure Graph API and the Usage API on the user's behalf. It also shows the OAuth flows required to get consent for the 'Reader' role, to access the list of Microsoft Azure subscriptions that the user wants to allow access to.
How To Run This Sample
To run this sample you will need:
- Visual Studio 2013 or higher (you can get a free version here)
- An Internet connection
- An Azure subscription (a free trial is sufficient)
You will also need to be comfortable with the following tasks:
- Using the Azure portal (or working with your administrator) to do configuration work
- Using Git and Github to bring the sample code down to your local machine
- Using Visual Studio to edit configuration files, build, and run the sample
Every Azure subscription has an associated AAD tenant. If you don't already have an Azure subscription, you can get a free subscription by signing up at http://wwww.windowsazure.com.
Step 1: Configure a Web App application in your AAD tenant
Before you can run the sample application, you will need to allow it to access your AAD tenant for authentication and authorization to access the Graph and Billing APIs.
To configure a new AAD application:
Sign in to the Azure portal, using credentials that have been granted service administrator or co-administrator access on the subscription which is trusting your AAD tenant, and granted Global Administrator access in the AAD tenant. See Manage Accounts, Subscriptions, and Administrative Roles for details on managing the service administrator and co-administrators.
Select the AAD tenant you wish to use, and go to the "Applications" page.
From there, select the "Add" feature to "Add a new application my organization is developing".
Provide a name (ie: WebApp-Billing-MultiTenant or similar) for the new application.
Be sure to select the "Web Application and/or Web API" type, then click the "next" arrow.
Then specify a valid "Sign-on URL" and "App ID URI". Both must be valid well-formed, and can be changed later.
- The "Sign-on URL" (App URL) specifies where users can sign-in and use your application. For the purposes of this sample, you can specify
- The "App ID URI" provides a unique/logical identifier which AAD associates with this application. In order to configure this application as Multi-Tenant, the "App ID URI" must be in a verified custom domain for an external user to grant your application access to their AAD data (ie:
xxxx.Test.OnMicrosoft.Com, if your directory domain is
Test.OnMicrosoft.Com). It must also be unique within your directory, and therefore not being used as the "App ID URI" for any other applications.
- Click the check mark to save.
- The "Sign-on URL" (App URL) specifies where users can sign-in and use your application. For the purposes of this sample, you can specify
After you've added the new application, select it again within the list of applications and click "Configure" so you can make the following additional changes:
- Under "Application is multi-tenant", select "Yes". Again, this setting indicates that your app can authenticate, and will require consent from, users from multiple AAD tenants.
Under "Keys", click the "Select Duration" dropdown list and pick an appropriate value.
NOTE: This key is used as a password for authentication in conjunction with the Client ID GUID, and is not immediately visible. As the comment indicates, it will become visible after you save all configuration changes later (below), at which point YOU MUST SAVE A COPY, as it will no longer be available for viewing in the Management Portal UI.
Under "Reply URL", enter
http://<domain>/Account/SignIn, where
domainis the DNS name where the Web App will be hosted. For testing purposes, you will run this application in a locally hosted instance of IIS, so you will need to use
localhost:NNNNN, where
NNNNN= the port being used by IIS. When you're finished, the URL should look similar to
Under "Permissions to other applications", click the "Add Application" button, select the "Windows Azure Service Management API" row, and click the check mark to save. After saving, hover the "Delegated Permissions" area on the right side of the "Windows Azure Service Management" row, click the "Delegated Permissions" drop down list, and select the "Access Azure Service Management (preview)" option This will ensure the sample application will have permissions to access the Windows Azure Service Management APIs, which is the permission used to secure the Billing APIs.
NOTE: the "Windows Azure Active Directory" permission "Enable sign-on and read users' profiles" is enabled by default. This allows users to sign in to the application with their organizational accounts, enabling the application to read the profiles of signed-in users, such as their email address and contact information. This is a delegated permission, which gives the user the ability to consent before proceeding. Please refer to Adding, Updating, and Removing an Application for more depth on configuring an Azure AD tenant to enable an application to access your tenant.
Finally, click "Save" at the bottom of the page to save all of the above configuration changes.
While you are on this page, also note/copy the "Client ID" GUID and the client "Key", as you will use these in Step #3 below. As mentioned above, YOU MUST SAVE A COPY of this key, as it will no longer be available for viewing in the Management Portal UI.
Step 2: If you haven't already, Clone or download the billing-dotnet-webapp-multitenant repository
From your shell (ie: Git Bash, etc.) or command line, run the following command :
git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/billing-dotnet-webapp-multitenant.git
Step 3: Edit and Build the sample in Visual Studio
After you've configured your tenant and downloaded the sample app, you will need to go into the local sub directory in which the Visual Studio solution is stored (typically in
<your-git-root-directory>\billing-dotnet-webapp-multitenant\WebApp-Billing-MultiTenant), and open the
ConsoleApp-Billing-MultiTenant.sln Visual Studio solution. Upon opening, navigate to the
web.config file and update the following key/value pairs, using your "Client ID" GUID and the client "Key" configuration information from earlier. NOTE: It's very important that all values match your configuration!
<add key="ida:ClientID" value="ENTER-CLIENT-ID-GUID" />
<add key="ida:Password" value="ENTER-CLIENT-KEY" />
The static method
GetUsage(), which is defined in
AzureResourceManagerUtil.cs, is responsible for calling the Usage API for the specified subscription, after getting the token for the signed-in user. If you would like to query for a different time range, you can change the
reportedStartTime and
reportedEndTime parameter values in this method accordingly :
string requesturl = String.Format("https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{0}/providers/Microsoft.Commerce/UsageAggregates?api-version=2015-06-01-preview&reportedstartTime=2015-05-15+00%3a00%3a00Z&reportedEndTime=2015-05-16+00%3a00%3a00Z", subscriptionId);
When you build the solution, it will also restore the missing Nuget packages which contain libraries upon which the sample depends.
Step 4: Run the application against your AAD tenant and the Billing APIs
When finished with Step 3, you should be able to successfully run the application locally.
As mentioned, this sample also demonstrates the Multi-Tenant functionality in Azure Active Directory (AAD), which is required in partner/ISV scenarios where you are building a Web App that requires sign-in and consent from multiple AAD tenants, to grant access to their directories. When you run the application, and will be greeted with the following Sign-In page in your browser where you can select the type of credentials you would like to use for authentication :
Note: The credentials you use for testing the application have 2 requirements :
The Azure Billing REST APIs are implemented as a Resource Provider as part of the Azure Resource Manager, and therefore share its dependencies. Access control for Azure Resource Manager uses the built-in Owner, Contributor, and Reader roles, via the Role Based Access Control (RBAC) feature in the Azure Preview portal. Therefore, you must make sure that the signed-in user is a member of either the 'Reader', 'Owner' or 'Contributor' roles for the specified subscription. By default, all Azure service administrator accounts are members of the Owner role. For details, see Role-based access control in the Microsoft Azure portal.
In addition, in order to access the Usage data for the Azure subscription, the credentials you use for sign-in must be granted service administrator or co-administrator access on the subscription.
If you elect to sign-in with a Microsoft Account, you will first be prompted to specify the DNS name for the AAD tenant (ie:
BLTest.OnMicrosoft.Com, etc.)
After you select the type of credentials you will use for sign-in, you will be redirected to the appropriate page for entering your credentials. The first example below is the page used for work or school account (aka: Org ID), the second is for Microsoft account :
After you successfully sign-in, the first page you see will be similar to the one below, which shows you the subscriptions available to you, given the credentials you used for sign-in. After the subscription is selected, the app retrieves and deserializes the Usage response data, and displays it on the page.
On this page, you will want to pick the subscription you are interested in seeing Usage details for, by clicking the "Connect" button :
Finally, the last page you will see will show you the Usage consumption details for the subscription you selected, similar to the one below:
Need Help?
Be sure to check out the Azure forums on StackOverflow and MSDN if you are having trouble. The Azure Billing product team actively monitors the forums and will be more than happy to assist you.
If you would like to provide feedback on the Billing APIs or ideas on how we can improve them, please visit the Azure Feedback Forums.
Contribute Code or Provide Feedback
If you would like to become an active contributor to this project please follow the instructions provided in Microsoft Azure Projects Contribution Guidelines.
If you encounter any bugs with the library please file an issue in the Issues section of the repository.


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Replica Handbag Review: Celine Luggage Phantom Bag in Light BlueCategories:Other Brands
It's no secret to anyone that the Celine Luggage Phantom Bag is one of the most beautiful and popular models these days. Countless fashionistas around the world love this design, they all love to wear it with one of their glamorous outfits. It is the perfect day purse for the office or for important meetings. It is stylish and spacious. It is everything you need to lead a modern and edgy lifestyle.
This luxury designer bag is also very much loved by movie stars and the magazines are full with photos of divas showing off their fabulous and new Celine Luggage Phantom Bag. One of my favorite versions is the one in light blue. I simply adore the look of this elegant purse. If you also like how the Celine Phantom purse looks like, but you just can't afford its high price tag then here there are a few tips for finding a perfect replica.
The most important detail about this very beautiful bag is the leather. It is manufactured from a very resistant, thick and firm leather. This type of leather looks very refined and highlights the original lines of this bag, every curve and every folding. The original Celine Luggage Phantom Bag doesn't need to be full in order to stand firm by its own. Even empty it keeps its special shape without bending. A poor replica bag will not have the same high quality leather and because of this it will look cheap and it will bend if its not stuffed.
Essential is the color of this Celine Phantom version. This unique blue is very difficult to find on the market of fake bags. Because of this, only a few replica manufacturer will manage to offer this exact color for your Celine Luggage Phantom fake Bag. Beware of lighter or darker shades of blue. These will be a clear giveaway.
The handles have a very well constructed shape. These look like tall arches made from the finest leather there is. To ensure the firmes of the handles, these are stitched on the inside part. The stitching offers an extra robustness.
The stitching is very important at a Celine Luggage Phantom replica Bag. These are used to outline the curves, the design embelishments and the elegance of the purse. Most decorative stitches are raised and represent the most fascinating part of the bag. Needless to say, each stitch is perfect. There are no symmetric errors, no loose threads or smudges.
The hardware has a very rough look. It is silver color and isn't too shiny. It has a matte finish that looks very modern and city like. I love it. It is a very nice aesthetic detail that enhances the beauty of the bag. Please note that the base must have four rectangular studs made from the same silver metal as the rest of the harware.
So just pay attention to all the details of the Celine Luggage Phantom bag you want to purchase and compare every small part of the purse with the original model. It must be an exact match. If you manage to find such a Celine Luggage Phantom replica bag then you can go ahead with your order. The result will be a glamorous and beautiful replica purse.
Tags: handbag bag replica Celine Luggage Phantom in Light Blue


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Sarah is a trained goldsmith, passionate about her craft. A native of Toronto whose love of travel led her to study in Cordoba, Spain. There she completed a two-year goldsmith program at the Consorcio Escuela de Joyeria de Cordoba and later received a study grant apprenticeship in Hamburg, Germany.
Her work has been featured in various magazines, as well as published in several books in both Canada and Europe. Sarah draws her inspiration from nature, ancient civilizations, mythical creatures and all things magical. She enjoys working instinctively, allowing each piece the opportunity to unfold on its own.
Questions? Inquiries? Please contact us at : email@example.com
Visit our Queen Street West store to see this designer's full collection in person. For our store location click here.


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Book Review: The Story of English (McCrum, et.al.) & The English Language (Barber)
Generally, we avoid reviewing older books in this space, but we make an exception this month. Over the past few years, several readers of the web site have asked about historical overviews of the English language. The essay A (Very) Brief History of the English Language on the wordorigins.org site is available, but this is simply a summary of major events and trends. Those who want a more detailed account have to look elsewhere. Here we take a look at two lengthy treatments of the topic.
Myths of Language Change, Part 1: That's Not A Real Word
The changing face of our language has created an interesting conundrum. On the one hand, people recognize and delight in the language change of the past. But on the other hand, people routinely resist current changes in the language. The language they learn as children is, for many, the only acceptable manner of speaking. Change is vehemently eschewed.
How people can revel in the changes of the past yet fiercely resist the changes of the present is just bizarre. And it is futile. The language will change whether we like it or not, and no amount of resistance will stop a change whose time has come.
American Dialect: Upper Midwest
Even if you have never been there, most of us are familiar with the accent of the Upper Midwest states from movies such as Fargo (1996) and Garrison Keillor's Prairie Home Companion on National Public Radio. The Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Minnesota, and the Dakotas (a.k.a. Baja Manitoba) have some distinct features of pronunciation and vocabulary.
The patterns we examined last month also apply up here. The Northern Cities Shift is active in the region, but there are some other pronunciation changes that are unique to the Upper Midwest.
Word Of The Month: Mount Everest
Fifty years ago this month, on 29 May 1953, two men, New Zealander Edmund Hillary (b. 1919) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay (1914–1986) became the first humans to ascend to the summit of Mount Everest, at 29,028 feet (8848 meters) the highest mountain on earth.
In honor of the fiftieth anniversary of this event, our Word of the Month is:
Mount Everest, prop.n., Himalayan peak on the border of Nepal and Tibet, the highest in the world. It is named for Sir George Everest (1790-1866), surveyor-general of India. Cf. Chomolungma, Sagarmatha.
War Words Part Deux
Last month, we featured various military terms that were likely to be on the news. Of course, predictions are not perfect. There are host of jargon and slang terms that have cropped up in the reporting on the war in Iraq. Here are some that we missed last month. Not all of these are relevant to or used in the current conflict. Some are historical, evoked by recent events.
American Dialect: The Northern Cities Shift and the Great Lakes Region
The dialect of the inland north, or the Great Lakes region, has the distinction of being "normal" American speech. As such, it is often difficult to categorize and people from the region are often not recognized as having a distinct dialect at all. Of course they do have one; all people speak with a distinct dialect. It is just that in this case there is not much to distinguish it from what is considered "standard" American speech. But there is one very distinctive feature of the accent of the region. It is one of the more distinctive pronunciation patterns in American speech. It is known as the:
The Northern Cities Shift
The shift is evident is a swath of territory stretching from the Hudson River valley in New York, across northern Ohio and Indiana, to Chicago and Detroit, encompassing the rust-belt cities of the northern Midwest. The shift is a distinctive pronunciation of short vowel sounds that was first identified by linguist William Labov and colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in 1973. Now, not everyone in the region displays the shift; many opt for "normal" American pronunciation. Some people only display the shift with specific vowels, opting for the standard pronunciation for the others. But if one spends any significant time in the region, one can begin to identify the shift.
Book Review: Oxford Dictionary of Word Histories
It seems lately that we have been reviewing books that are not in and of themselves bad or especially flawed, but whose utility is limited. The market for books on words and language is a crowded one, yet publishers seem intent on pumping out books that do not fit a particular niche or offer anything new or different.
This month we review yet another. The Oxford Dictionary of Word Histories, edited by Glynnis Chantrell, is a book that has no obvious flaws. The scholarship is uniformly excellent, relying on the extensive lexicographic files of Oxford Press. There are over 12,000 entries, which give the book considerable scope. Yet, in reading it one continually wonders if anyone would actually ever find this book useful.
Word of the Month: Space
On 1 February, the space shuttle Columbia and her crew of seven were lost during their return to earth. In the weeks since, news reports have treated the public with detailed insights into NASA and the US space program and exposed millions to jargon terms used by astronauts and aeronautical engineers. So to honor the seven who lost their lives in the exploration of the heavens, our word of the month is:
Space, n., the expanse of the universe beyond the earth's atmosphere. This sense was first used in 1667 by Milton in Paradise Lost. From the Old French espace.
Book Reviews: Dog Days and Dandelions & Coined By God
This month we take a look at two new trade etymology books, Dog Days and Dandelions by Martha Barnette and Coined by God by Stanley Malless and Jeffrey McQuain. Both are well-written, well-researched works that look at the origins of words connected with a specific topic. But both books suffer from a common defect of etymology books, organization by alphabetical order, a defect that makes what could have been interesting topics that shed light into how English creates and adopts words and turns them into volumes of etymological trivia. Both books are fine works for what they are, but one is a bit disappointed when one considers what they could have been.
On the surface, one might think that alphabetical order would be a natural arrangement for books on etymology. After all, that is how dictionaries are organized and it makes finding individual words quick and easy. But while alphabetical order is appropriate for comprehensive reference tomes like dictionaries, it is not the best format for other works. Alphabetical order masks common themes and patterns of etymological change. Other formats sacrifice the ease of looking up a particular word or phrase, but this is easily addressed with an index.
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American Dialect: African-American Speech
Our study of American dialect cannot be solely based on regional differences. While regional distinctions are perhaps the most significant influences on the way we speak, other distinctions play a role as well and one of these distinctions is race and ethnicity. For most ethnic groups, patterns of speech are quickly assimilated into the local speech, becoming indistinguishable from the regional dialect, except perhaps for some specific cultural terms.
But African-American speech is different in that it transcends regional differences. African Americans have distinctive patterns of speech that are recognizable regardless of region. That is not to say that there are not regional differences among African Americans, but the similarities in the dialect across the nation are strong.
Copyright 1997-2019, by David Wilton


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Join us for a men's group that reads a Christian book together and meets weekly over breakfast to discuss and apply what we're learning.
Past books have covered apologetics, theology, church history and Christian classics.
To find out what we're reading now and get involved, email Larry Farlow.
Wed, May 22
6:30 am - 7:30 am
Add To Your Calendar
Panera Bread


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PSU announces gift for Irene Ransom Bradley School of Nursing
Tuesday, September 10, 2013 2:00 AM
Pittsburg, KS
The Pittsburg State University Department of Nursing is now the Irene Ransom Bradley School of Nursing. PSU officials revealed the name change Tuesday at a ceremony in which they recognized Dr. Fay Bradley for a gift of $1 million to the program. The new name honors Dr. Bradley's mother.
University officials also noted the elevation of the department to the rank of a school within the university, in recognition of the nursing program's growing size and complexity.
PSU President Steve Scott said that Tuesday's announcement was a reminder of the roles families play in the life of the university.
"I always describe our alumni as family," Scott said. "Family is a powerful word. It evokes memories in each of us...Family is what brings us here today. We are here to celebrate the love and sacrifice of a mother for her family."
The president described the life of Irene Ransom Bradley, who was born in Texas and moved to Independence, Kan., in 1919. There she met and married Henry Bradley and worked as a domestic in a private home earning just $3.50 a week.
Neither Irene or Henry finished high school, but they believed in education and made sure their six children got their high school diplomas. Four of the six children earned college degrees and Fay went on to earn professional degrees in both law and medicine.
"Irene loved her family, so much so that she would often go without, in order to make certain her children had everything they needed to succeed," Scott said.
Scott said Irene wanted to be a nurse and often talked about going back to school once the children were grown. Unfortunately, she was never in a position to fulfill that dream and she died in 1996 at the age of 90.
Dr. Fay Bradley is a retired physician who now lives in Independence, Kan. He earned a bachelor of arts degree in biology from PSU in 1960.
Bradley came to PSU on a track scholarship, competing in the high hurdles, quarter-mile and mile relay. After graduating from PSU, he served in the Army as a medical lab technician. He went on to earn both a law degree and a medical degree from Howard University in Washington, D.C.
Upon earning his medical degree, Bradley began a long career as a physician, serving with the United States Public Health Service until his retirement in 1992.
Throughout his life, Dr. Bradley has maintained his love of running and has been a passionate advocate for running and physical fitness. He is a former president of the board of directors of the American Running and Fitness Association and in 1998 was selected as the runner of the year for his age group by the USA Track and Field Association. In 2004, he was inducted into the USA Track & Field Association Hall of Fame. At 75, Dr. Bradley continues to run marathons. He hopes to run the London Marathon in the spring of 2014, one of the races still on his "to do" list.
Dr. Bradley received PSU's Alumni Meritorious Achievement Award in 2009.