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Posted by Nydia Streets of Streets Law in Child Custody
Florida child custody cases are no doubt difficult to decide when parents do not agree on a time-sharing schedule and parental responsibility. Above all, the court must consider the best interest of the child when creating a parenting plan. There are several factors the court looks at to determine the best interest of the child.
According to the Florida Statutes, the following factors must be considered when determining parental responsibility and time-sharing in a Miami child custody case:
(a) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to facilitate and encourage a close and continuing parent-child relationship, to honor the time-sharing schedule, and to be reasonable when changes are required.
(b) The anticipated division of parental responsibilities after the litigation, including the extent to which parental responsibilities will be delegated to third parties.
(c) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to determine, consider, and act upon the needs of the child as opposed to the needs or desires of the parent.
(d) The length of time the child has lived in a stable, satisfactory environment and the desirability of maintaining continuity.
(e) The geographic viability of the parenting plan, with special attention paid to the needs of school-age children and the amount of time to be spent traveling to effectuate the parenting plan. This factor does not create a presumption for or against relocation of either parent with a child.
(f) The moral fitness of the parents.
(g) The mental and physical health of the parents.
(h) The home, school, and community record of the child.
(i) The reasonable preference of the child, if the court deems the child to be of sufficient intelligence, understanding, and experience to express a preference.
(j) The demonstrated knowledge, capacity, and disposition of each parent to be informed of the circumstances of the minor child, including, but not limited to, the child's friends, teachers, medical care providers, daily activities, and favorite things.
(k) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to provide a consistent routine for the child, such as discipline, and daily schedules for homework, meals, and bedtime.
(l) The demonstrated capacity of each parent to communicate with and keep the other parent informed of issues and activities regarding the minor child, and the willingness of each parent to adopt a unified front on all major issues when dealing with the child.
(m) Evidence of domestic violence, sexual violence, child abuse, child abandonment, or child neglect, regardless of whether a prior or pending action relating to those issues has been brought. If the court accepts evidence of prior or pending actions regarding domestic violence, sexual violence, child abuse, child abandonment, or child neglect, the court must specifically acknowledge in writing that such evidence was considered when evaluating the best interests of the child.
(n) Evidence that either parent has knowingly provided false information to the court regarding any prior or pending action regarding domestic violence, sexual violence, child abuse, child abandonment, or child neglect.
(o) The particular parenting tasks customarily performed by each parent and the division of parental responsibilities before the institution of litigation and during the pending litigation, including the extent to which parenting responsibilities were undertaken by third parties.
(p) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to participate and be involved in the child's school and extracurricular activities.
(q) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to maintain an environment for the child which is free from substance abuse.
(r) The capacity and disposition of each parent to protect the child from the ongoing litigation as demonstrated by not discussing the litigation with the child, not sharing documents or electronic media related to the litigation with the child, and refraining from disparaging comments about the other parent to the child.
(s) The developmental stages and needs of the child and the demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to meet the child's developmental needs.
(t) Any other factor that is relevant to the determination of a specific parenting plan, including the time-sharing schedule.
A parent who is claiming majority time-sharing and/or sole parental responsibility must show the court, via the above factors, why this is in the best interest of the children. Evidence such as report cards and third party witnesses who are involved in the children's lives are examples of what can be shown to the court to support a parent's position.
It is important to know how to navigate Florida child custody laws so that you can present a case that is in your child's best interest. This is why it may be important to consult with a Miami child custody lawyer to understand the best course of action.


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Dr. Goldsmith is professor of management at the University of Massachusetts, Boston.
While delivering the keynote address at a National Endowment for Democracy event in 2005, President George W. Bush singled out Islamic extremism as the number-one foreign policy challenge facing the United States. A primary reason for this threat, he asserted, is the lack of democracy in Muslim countries. "If the peoples of that region [the Greater Middle East] are permitted to choose their own destiny," Bush argued, "then the extremists will be marginalized, and the flow of violent radicalism to the rest of the world will slow, and eventually end."1
Bush did not mention it, but he was wading into a longstanding controversy about "Muslim exceptionalism" regarding democracy. For example, the UN Development Programme has identified a "freedom deficit" in the Greater Middle East that places it last among the regions of the world in terms of political freedom.2 The World Bank has also lamented what it calls a "governance gap" in the Middle East and North Africa.3 Among academic observers, the main dispute is over what produces this pattern of embedded authoritarianism, not whether it exists. Some influential writers, such as Samuel Huntington, consider Muslim culture averse to norms of democracy and rule of law.4 Other experts, for instance Larry Diamond, attribute Muslim authoritarianism to entrenched leadership and lack of opportunity for participation by ordinary people, not retrograde values or beliefs.5 Left largely unchallenged is the prior assumption common to all sides of the debate, which holds democracy to be unusually lacking in Muslim countries whatever the root causes might be.
There are 47 countries (including the Palestinian Authority) where over half the population adhere at least nominally to the faith of Islam. This is approximately one quarter of the world's nation states, a distinctly large share to be impervious to democratic practice, if this is so. For convenience, these 47 nation states will henceforward be identified simply as Muslim or Islamic countries, though there are obviously other countries with substantial Muslim populations. They range in size from Indonesia, with a population of more than 200 million, to the Maldives Islands, with a population under 300,000. We should be wary of brushing such a diverse group with the same broad stroke.
This essay uses independent data to show that Muslim authoritarianism may not be as rife and entrenched as many in the international-relations field seem to take for granted. The existence and dimensions of any modern-day democracy gap are not settled issues but constantly changing empirical questions. Just how exceptional is democracy in the Muslim world today? Is it helpful or valid to think of a generic Islamic democracy gap, or is that too easy an assertion that gives the wrong impression about many specific societies? To be clear, the goal of this paper is modest: to plumb the depths of contemporary Muslim exceptionalism with regard to democracy. The analysis gives context to the excessively polarized debate in international relations about clashing civilizations and suggests it is more fruitful to look at countries in a less monolithic way.
Democratization is an irregular process of replacing authoritarian regimes with rule-bound competitive systems. The pace of democratization has picked up dramatically since the end of the Cold War, with many additional countries undergoing political renaissance that opens them up to greater involvement by citizens and civil society. Democratization is not a universal historical sequence ending in the same types of political systems, even though more and more nation states are adopting similar-looking political institutions and practices based on a common set of Western models. Public-opinion surveys in Muslim countries show broad support for democracy as a system that can work in those societies.6 What local respondents actually have in mind when they respond to questions about democracy, however, may not be quite the same as in the United States or Europe.7
Democracy means different things to different people. At the simplest level, it is a form of government in which citizens pick their rulers, and rulers are therefore responsive to the preferences of citizens. What are the common denominators?
Valerie Bunce puts forward a concise definition that captures two essential aspects of democracy. She suggests we think of the term as "a two-part proposition, having uncertain results (or competition) but also having certain procedures" — in other words, "competition bounded by rules."8 This will be our minimal definition of democracy in this paper.
Multi-party elections, held at regular intervals, tell an important part of the story about democratization. Elections are not the full story, because elections obviously connote different things in different national settings. Applying Bunce's two criteria for democracy, electoral competition may be lacking because of weak opposition, or electoral procedures may be uncertain because of lax enforcement, or both. Provided we do not read too much into elections, they are still among the best indicators of where a country is heading along the authoritarian-democratic gradient. Even rigged electoral contests can reveal discontent and may influence authoritarian leaders to bend to popular will or to introduce incremental political reforms as a way to co-opt displeased citizens.
There were 126 "electoral democracies" in place at the end of 2005, according to Freedom House, a nonprofit organization that monitors democracy around the world.9 To qualify as an electoral democracy in Freedom House's lexicon, a state must have a competitive, multi-party political system, universal adult suffrage, regular elections and open media. Only nine of the 126 countries are from our sample: Albania, Bangladesh, Comoros, Indonesia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Turkey. Although Muslim countries are clearly underrepresented among the world's electoral democracies, any representation at all calls into question the simplified mental picture of an Islamic democracy gap. It is also worth noting that these nine nations account for nearly half the total population in the 47 Muslim countries (and about one-third of all Muslims in the world).
Neither Bunce's idea of bounded competition nor Freedom House's electoralism says much about constitutional liberalization, whereby citizens gain freedom from interference by government in addition to the right to vote and run for office. Electoral participation and constitutional liberalization are not entirely compatible. Political philosophy has long recognized a tension between giving voice to the "general will" of society and protecting individuals against the "tyranny of the majority." Many fledgling democracies in the developing world are "illiberal" populist systems, not self-restraining liberal democracies. They embrace mass participation but are indifferent about safeguarding individual freedoms or minority group rights.
The Islamic Republic of Iran is a good example of such a system among Muslim nations. It is a religious state that abridges freedom of worship and does not allow people to speak and write freely, yet elections are held on a reliable schedule. Within the bounds set by spiritual leaders, there is lively political participation and vigorous competition for office. The opposite blending of liberalism and autocracy is also possible and quite common in the Middle East.10 These are countries that steer clear of multi-party national elections but do allow at least some of the individual rights emphasized by Enlightenment-era liberal philosophers. Many autocratic regimes tolerate or even encourage some liberal freedoms as a strategy to stave off pressures to open the leadership selection process and make it more inclusive. Qatar is an illustration, having freed its press and allowed broadcasting of the free-wheeling satellite television station al-Jazeera, while making few concessions to open the political realm to new participants. Political systems are neither black nor white, suggesting care about drawing too bright a line concerning regime type. Democratization moves in starts and stops, and real countries often exhibit unexpected combinations of democratic and authoritarian features.
One way of roughly marking the line between regimes is to start with one of the available quantitative indicators of democratization in different countries. Freedom House publishes an annual Index of Political Freedom that is widely used for such purposes in comparative empirical research.11 The organization codes all countries for both political rights and civil liberties. It ranks countries on a pair of declining seven-point scales. These scales are combined into a composite political-freedom score that can be interpreted as a snapshot of the degree of democracy obtained by any country in a given year.
The lower the composite score (two points is the lowest possible mark), the closer the nation approaches liberal democratic norms. Results go back to 1972, making it possible to witness long-term trends in democratization around the world. Freedom House establishes three cutoff points and categorizes countries as "not free," "partly free" and "free." To make more subtle comparisons, however, this paper uses the entire 13-point composite scale.
A very elementary approach toward identifying an Islamic democracy gap is to plot the average indexes for Muslim nations versus non-Muslim nations through 2006. The results are shown in Figure 1 (the y-axis is reversed to make the slope of average composite Freedom House rating registered a slight improvement starting in the 1990s, but the upswing was too little to narrow the difference with non-Muslim countries' mean annual ratings, which continued along an improving path as well. It took until 2003 for the Islamic countries' mean score to get back to what it was in 1972. This certainly looks like a democracy gap.
But the divergent trends graphically portrayed in Figure 1 may be an unfair comparison. First, we should be wary about making any inference that what is true of a whole must also be true of its constituents. The average Freedom House score conceals considerable variation; specific Islamic countries perform considerably better or worse than the group average. Second, the democracy gap that we see in Figure 1 may partly be an "income gap." A well-established correlation exists between national income and democratic governance, which makes the raw freedom-index scores a questionable basis for cross-national comparisons. Poor countries tend to be less democratic than rich countries, and Islamic countries on the whole have low incomes. In 2000, the median GDP (gross domestic product) per capita in the 47 Muslim nations was only $3,567, compared to $6,496 for the non-Muslim nations.12 All other things being equal, poorer average democratic performance is to be expected.
It is more instructive, therefore, to make comparisons of regime type that control for the influence of national income in recent years, and to look at individual country achievement, not just averages.
This dual task can be accomplished with a worldwide regression model that finds the extent to which you can predict a country's 2000-06 average Freedom House rating by knowing the logarithm of its GDP per capita in 2000. The logarithmic transformation of GDP per capita is used because democratization probably does not respond linearly to income. Gains in democracy are likely to diminish as countries get richer.
The resulting estimate indicates that the logarithm of GDP per capita "explains" one-quarter of the international variation on the index (the adjusted r-squared is 0.25). Knowing a country's recent individual income level thus tells you a good deal about the average level of its democracy since 2000, as indicated by the Freedom House composite index.
Given that national income is not the only factor that accounts for the Freedom House scores, the observed value for most countries falls above or below the value predicted by the regression model. If we look at the unexplained (or residual) variation after fitting the regression model, we see Islamic nation-states either "over-perform" or "underperform" their economic status. In other words, some countries get better marks for political and civil rights than they "should," given their level of income; others get lower marks.
Figure 2 displays the results in graphic form. Eleven Islamic nation-states are at or above the world trend line and thus meet or exceed expectations for democratic performance; the remaining 36 countries are below the trend line and fall short of expectations.
Looked at this way, Turkey has disappointing democratic attainment. It is among the top-rated Islamic countries for civil and political freedom since 2000, but you would expect somewhat better performance of a country with Turkey's income level. Niger, on the other hand, has superior political freedom positive and therefore more intuitively readable). A persistent noticeable difference appears in the Muslim-country data line. Mean freedom scores were about two points worse on the composite scale than non-Muslim countries' mean scores in the 1970s. As the "third wave" of democratization gathered force in the 1980s, the disparity in scores increased to about five points, with Islamic countries bucking the international trend by becoming even less democratic. Their attainment in governance relative to its meager resources. Niger's democracy rating is almost the same as Turkey's for 2000-06, but that is a surprisingly high achievement level given Niger's low per capita GDP. As these two examples suggest, the distribution of income-adjusted performance is quite different from the distribution of unadjusted scores. "Over-performing" Muslim countries are largely African (Burkina Faso, Comoros, Gambia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone in addition to Niger). However, the list of "over-performers" also includes two very large Asian countries, Bangladesh and Indonesia, plus one European country, Albania.
Which countries "underperformed" for the 2000-06 period? In addition to Turkey, they include Arab Mediterranean countries (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia) and the Persian Gulf oil states (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and modest oil exporter Yemen). Eight additional "underperformers" are nations in sub-Saharan Africa (Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Guinea, Maldives, Mauritania, Somalia and Sudan); five are former republics of the Soviet Union in Central Asia (Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan); and the remaining "underperformers" are scattered in Asia (Afghanistan, Brunei, Malaysia and Pakistan).
This is a long list of Muslim countries that have less democratization than expected according to their per capita GDP. However, the regression model probably overstates the likelihood of open governance in several oil-exporting states.
Because oil wealth inhibits democratization, high national income is a misleading indicator in these countries. According to Michael Ross, an abundance of oil hinders democracy in several ways, including its delaying effect on economic diversification, which, in turn, forestalls development of an indigenous professional and commercial class that would push for liberal democratic reforms.13 Oil-exporting countries jump out as outliers in Figure 2, but the actual extent of their underperformance is possibly less striking than appears at first. The former Soviet states of Central Asia are also outliers. There may be special historical reasons for their lagging performance in democratization that have more to do with the legacy of communist rule than with either national income or religion.
In any case, the widely scattered distribution of countries in Figure 2 suggests that blanket charges about a uniquely Islamic democracy deficiency are misleading, especially if income level is taken into consideration. Muslim countries run the gamut. Enough of them do so poorly on the democracy index that it is easy to see how perceptions of Muslim exceptionalism have arisen. However, the relatively positive performance of other Muslim countries serves to refute any strong claim that Islam and democracy are irreconcilable, at least as Freedom House measures regime type. What is fair to say is that over half the Muslim countries do worse than expected on the index, which could be interpreted as support for a weak or probabilistic version of the democracy gap thesis.14
Because the Freedom House index is highly aggregated and subject to many possible biases, it is useful to approach Muslim exceptionalism in an entirely different way and see if results are analogous. An obvious method is to turn to election campaigns and election results.
Rather than trying to rank or label countries using a vague or disputable index of political freedom, we can simply count the number of electoral contests and catalog their outcomes. Table 1 shows comparative election data for Muslim countries from 1990 through 2006. Voting seems far more common than might be assumed based on strong assumptions about a democracy gap.
During those years, 33 countries in the Islamic world held at least one multi-party leadership election (usually a presidential election, but included are legislative elections under constitutional monarchies or in systems where presidents are indirectly selected by legislatures). Multi-party election means a contest where opposition parties can compete even if sometimes under duress. (Since these are emerging democracies, it seems reasonable to allow for a somewhat less-level playing field than if U.S. or European standards were applied.) Thus defined, there were a surprisingly high number of these multiparty leadership elections over the 17-year period: 83 in all without double-counting runoffs.
Nonpartisan legislative elections have also occurred or been scheduled in five additional Persian Gulf states (Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar and the UAE).
These particular elections are not leadership contests that affect the national executive directly, but they do give some voice to popular sentiment. After the balloting takes place in these countries, de facto parties often do emerge in the national parliament among the elected representatives, so labeling the elections nonpartisan may not be entirely accurate. In other recent developments, Saudi Arabia is experimenting with local government elections, and Maldives has legalized political parties in anticipation of national elections. Only eight Muslim countries appear to have had no competitive campaigns for political office whatsoever since 1990 (Brunei, Eritrea, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan). Even with these holdouts, the number and extent of contested elections in Islamic countries seems far higher than the Muslim-exceptionalism thesis would predict.
Recurring elections are also more common than might be expected. Over one-third of the sample (or 17 countries) held three or more such contests. Three elections in 10 or 15 years would probably meet Bunce's test for regular electoral competition and would qualify those countries as democratic under that narrow criterion.
What about the uncertainty of results, also emphasized by Bunce as the second important dimension of democracy? Here the evidence is more in line with a modest version of the democracy-gap thesis. The third column in Table 1 shows the top vote getters' share of ballots cast in the most recent leadership elections. The winners' median vote total was 65 percent of votes cast, a lopsided victory margin that suggests many of the contests failed to meet the democratic criterion of having uncertain results. Hosni Mubarak's reelection in Egypt in 2005, for example, was never in doubt. In other countries, boycotts by major opposition parties assured the outcome, as when Lansane Conté ran unopposed in Guinea in 2003. These sorts of predetermined election results suggest the limits to democratization in many Muslim countries.
The best measure of uncertain outcomes (or the degree of competition) in an electoral system is how often it produces changes in leadership or simply revalidates the existing power structure. Incumbents always have an insider edge, and they will invariably use those advantages to extend their own power.15 Rather than democracy, this sort of system is better described as "competitive authoritarianism," with duly elected leaders misusing their office to manipulate the electoral system and hold onto power. It is opposition victories that usually catch us unaware and indicate the sort of electoral unpredictability associated with democracy. Column 4 in Table 1 shows that such unexpected outcomes happen more frequently in the Muslim world than might be assumed.
Ten Muslim countries had one or more opposition victories between 1990 and 2006, with the losing incumbent (or the incumbent's designated successor) accepting defeat and agreeing to step aside. The countries range from Albania in Europe to Iran, Lebanon and Turkey in the Middle East; to Bangladesh, Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan in Asia and to Mali and Senegal in Africa. These ten nation states would appear to satisfy both of Bunce's minimal conditions for democracy— certain procedures plus uncertain results. The ranks of modestly democratic systems may well grow in the future if elections keep recurring in other Muslim countries at the rate they have for the past decade. The law of averages suggests additional incumbent losses are inevitable.
Even a relatively peaceful transfer of power through the ballot box is no proof that democracy has been consolidated — that it has become institutionalized and unlikely to break down or be reversed. A simple check of democratic consolidation is the "two turnover test." The first time an opposition leader replaces an incumbent power holder does not necessarily establish a tradition of peaceful political change. It is only after the former opposition leader is defeated and leaves office that we can begin to be confident democratic procedures have taken root.16 Second turnovers are still rare in the Muslim world. They occurred in only four countries (Albania, Bangladesh, Mali and Iran) during the 1990-2006 period, but additional turnovers can be anticipated as time passes and more ruling parties wear out their welcome with voters.
Muslim exceptionalism is not exactly a mirage, but the closer you look at the latest data, the harder it is to see a powerful, unique pattern of democratic deficiency in these countries. This paper has looked at two different types of political data: the Freedom House index and the results in raw numbers of multi-party national leadership elections. Each set of figures suggests that to talk about a generic Muslim democracy gap is to simplify matters to the point of misrepresentation.
Putting aside any preconceptions, individual variation dwarfs many of the aggregate similarities among Islamic polities. Policy makers should be cautious not to overgeneralize and stereotype or to speculate strongly about any particular Muslim country's democratic prospects based on political attributes of Muslim countries as a group. The average Muslim country is not very democratic, but this is a dubious abstraction. Depending on how we define our terms, perhaps ten or so (the list varies) mildly democratic systems already exist in the Muslim world today. More may be on the way.
That said, policy makers also need to be careful about projecting the experience of these less authoritarian countries onto all the rest. The strong version of the Muslim exceptionalism thesis is an obvious oversimplification, but that does not mean President Bush is on firm ground when he says that despite "skeptics of democracy [who] assert that the traditions of Islam are inhospitable to representative government.…It should be clear to all that Islam — the faith of one-fifth of humanity — is consistent with democratic rule."17 Every country has unique characteristics, and sweeping claims about Muslim societies' capacity for democracy are just as suspect as broad claims to the contrary. In considering the role of democratization in foreign policy toward the Greater Middle East, it is important to try to set aside prior judgments and look at the nuances of each case.
1 George W. Bush, "President Discusses War on Terror at National Endowment for Democracy," The White House (October 6, 2005).
2 Arab Human Development Report: Freedom and Good Governance (UNDP, 2004).
3 Better Governance for Development in the Middle East and North Africa: Enhancing Inclusiveness and Accountability (World Bank, 2003).
4 Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (Simon and Schuster, 1996), p. 29.
5 Larry Diamond, "Can the Whole World Become Democratic? Democracy, Development, and International Policies" (Center for the Study of Democracy, Paper 03-05, April 17, 2003), p. 13. For additional observations regarding this debate, see Muqtedar Khan, "Prospects for Muslim Democracy: The Role of U.S. Policy," Middle East Policy, Vol. 10 (September 2003), pp. 79-89; Sanford A. Lakoff, "The Reality of Muslim Exceptionalism," Journal of Democracy, Vol. 15 (October 2004), pp. 133-139; and Marcus Noland, "Explaining Middle Eastern Authoritarianism" (Institute for International Economics, Working Paper No. 05-5, 2005): Available at Social Science Research Network: http://ssrn.com/abstract=759652.
6 Pew Research Center, "Iraqi Vote Mirrors Desire for Democracy in Muslim World" (A Pew Global Attitudes Project Commentary, February 3, 2005): Available at <http://peoplepress.org/commentary/display.php3? AnalysisID=107>.
7 Salwa Ismail, "Democracy in Contemporary Arab Discourse," in Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World: Vol. 1, Theoretical Perspectives, ed. Rex Brynen, Bahjgat Korany, and Paul Noble (Lynne Rienner, 1995).
8 Valerie Bunce, "Comparative Democratization: Big and Bounded Generalizations," Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 33 (August-September 2000), p. 714.
9 Freedom House, Global Survey 2006: Middle East Progress amid Global Gains in Freedom (New York, 2005).
10 Daniel Brumberg, "Democratization Versus Liberalization in the Arab World: Dilemmas and Challenges for U.S. Foreign Policy" (Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College, July 2005).
11 Several other indexes of political-regime type exist, most of which correlate highly despite using different methodologies, according to Adam Przeworski and his colleagues in Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Material Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990 (Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 56-57.
12 Calculated from Alan Heston, Robert Summers, and Bettina Aten, Penn World Table Version 6.2 (Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices, University of Pennsylvania, September 2006).
13 Michael L. Ross, "Does Oil Hinder Democracy?" World Politics, Vol. 53 (April 2001), p. 356.
14 For similar conclusions, see Manus Midlarsky, "Democracy and Islam: Implications for Civilizational Conflict and the Democratic Peace," International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 42 (September 1998), p. 504; and Steven M. Fish, "Islam and Authoritarianism," World Politics, Vol. 55 (October 2002), p. 16.
15 Marc Howard and Philip Roessler, "Liberalizing Electoral Outcomes in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes," American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 50 (April 2006), pp. 365-366.
16 Samuel P. Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (University of Oklahoma Press, 1991), pp. 266-267.
17 George W. Bush, "Remarks by the President at the 20th Anniversary of the National Endowment for Democracy," The White House, November 6, 2003.

subset: commoncrawl


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Happy Friday x Isabel (Bag & Bracelet Giveaway)
Happy Friday, Chic ones!
For today's giveaway the winner will receive a real leather bag from Monica Chiang and a minimalist bangle from Jane & Sophie. The bangle opens and so, it should fit a wide range of wrist sizes.
I'll keep it short and sweet since you already know that I am doing a Friday giveaway series :-)
To refresh your memory, ALL my existing subscribers are entered AUTOMATICALLY for all the giveaways. I think it is only fair to reward loyaltyJ
1. Follow me on Instagram
2. Subscribe to my blog's newsletter
****Existing subscribers: You are automatically entered in this giveaway
Additional contest info:
The contest is OPEN INTERNATIONALLY and will run until Thursday, April 21st, 2017 at 12:00pm EST. The winner will be randomly selected from my subscriber's list and announced on Instagram, Instagram Stories and via email on Saturday, April 23rd, 2017.
Good luck and enjoy!


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Seabreeze (SHS) Class of 1967 Alumni List
Help us Update the Seabreeze 1967 Class List by adding any names missing from the list below:
Registered Alumni
1967 Class List
- Peepsie Blank
- Laurel Bracey
- Patricia Brother
- John Coulter
- Carol Culvr
- Barbara Curtiss
- Martha Dando
- Sharon Royal Dickens
- Joy Durley
- Roger Epps
- Marcie Furbee
- Janis Green
- Roz Hall
- Larry Hepler
- Larry Heplery
- James Joyner
- Marc Klein
- Rikki Knipple
- Jack Martin
- Nancy Murphy
- Nancy Nasser
- Kathy Nelson
- David Shaw
- Andrea Lynn Sherry
- Grace Smith
- Debbie Smith
- Joan Teets
- Steve Tomaston
- Susan Tucker
- Eloise Valente
- Clydie Williams
- Ross Yost
Know Seabreeze Class of 1967 graduates that are NOT on this List? Help us Update the 1967 Class List by adding missing names.
1967 Seabreeze High School Yearbook
1967 Seabreeze High School Yearbook
Click here to view at Classmates.com®
The top movie in theaters during 1967 was The Jungle Book, grossing over $141,843,000 in its lifetime. The most popular television series for 1967 was Bonanza
Hit Songs From 1967
Society's ChildJanis Ian
Groovin'Booker T and The MG's
I Was Made To Love HerStevie Wonder
Let It Out (Let It All Hang Out)Hombres
I Never Loved A Man (The Way I Love You)Aretha Franklin
Cold SweatJames Brown and The Famous Flames
I'm A BelieverMonkees
Thank The Lord For The Night TimeNeil Diamond
This Is My SongPetula Clark
It Must Be HimVicki Carr
Hit Movies From 1967
Reunions and Seabreeze High School News
More 1967 alumni from Seabreeze HS have posted profiles on Classmates.com®. Click here to register for free at Classmates.com® and view other 1967 alumni.
The Seabreeze High class of '67 alumni are listed below. These are former students from Seabreeze in Daytona Beach, FL who graduated in 1967. Alumni listings below have either been searched for or they registered as members of this directory.
While you are reminiscing about the times you spent in high school at Seabreeze High School, you should also check out alumni photos, yearbook listings and share any reunion info if possible.


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The CLA has welcomed proposals announced by the Home Secretary, Sajid Javid on illegal encampments on private land, which would make it easier for police officers to intervene and remove travellers.
The measures include reducing the number of vehicles needing to be involved in an unauthorised encampment before police powers can be exercised and extending the period during which travellers would be unable to return to land from three to 12 months. The Home Office will also consult further on making it a criminal offence to set up an unauthorised encampment.
CLA President Tim Breitmeyer said: "Illegal encampments in rural areas can have a detrimental economic, environmental and social impact on local businesses and communities as well as to the private landowner, and we welcome this announcement from the Home Secretary.
"The time it takes to seek the successful removal of an encampment varies widely. Existing police powers for removal have proved ineffective on private land, resulting in frustration to the landowner who has to use alternative legal mechanisms, which are often time consuming and expensive.
"Making it a criminal offence to set up an unauthorised residential camp would act as a deterrent to those who might consider occupying land without consent and provide greater certainty for the police to act if they understand that an offence has been committed.
"However, this will mean the Government will need to ensure there is suitable provision of lawful traveller sites through up-to-date local plan policies to avoid the issues that arise from unauthorised encampments.
"We look forward to engaging with the forthcoming consultation to bring about this change in the law."


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Intellectual Property
As technology speeds the pace of innovation, no business can afford to take its intellectual property for granted. The Intellectual Property practice at Seyfarth Shaw offers clients powerful protection for their most valuable assets.
Backed by the resources of one of the nation's premier law firms, our veteran team of IP attorneys represents a diverse roster of clients, from Fortune 500 and multinational corporations to fast-growing start-ups. With broad experience in all areas of intellectual property law, we help our clients identify and secure their intellectual property rights, exploit them in the marketplace and enforce or defend them anywhere they do business.
Our firm has distinguished itself as a leader in the field and we have helped hundreds of companies to develop, protect and monetize their intellectual property assets. Likewise, we have a long track record of successfully representing clients in high-stakes litigation in federal courts and before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Our intellectual property litigation experience extends from patent, copyright and trademark infringement to those involving trade secrets, counterfeiting, advertising, e-commerce and more. Over the years, we have worked in industries and technologies spanning consumer goods to retail, semi-conductor fabrication, computer software, business-methods, Internet technologies, telecommunications, medical devices and pharmaceuticals.
Members of our team have negotiated a broad range of agreements relating to trademarks, copyrights and patents, including licenses, alliances and transfers, and a host of others involving electronic commerce. To further assist our clients, we developed one of the first trade secrets protection training programs for businesses and their employees, and we deliver client-specific training on trademark, copyright, advertising and promotion law, e-commerce and licensing. We are also frequently tapped to handle transactions involving emerging multimedia issues, including Internet-related strategy development and implementation, and the creation of affiliation and strategic alliance agreements and cross-promotion arrangements. We provide ongoing client counseling on advertising, promotions, sweepstakes, trade regulations, entertainment and other federal and state regulatory matters regarding both online and offline initiatives.
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Practical and actionable insights into patent legal developments affecting the Life Sciences Industry.
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- 3/29/2019 Bart Lazar quoted in CBS News
- 1/1/2019 Jamaica Szeliga quoted in Law360


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How many times have you asked yourself this question? And how many more times are you going to ask again before you give it a try?
You'd like to, you think to yourself, except it's probably a waste of time. Something that's best left for yogis in India, Zen Masters in Japan, or New Age hippies in LA. Actually, you think it could be beneficial – of course, you haven't tried it yet, so you don't really know… or you've tried a form of meditation that didn't work for you – but the bottom line is right now you're too busy with your "real life" and "real things to do" and so, in your mind, you continue to choose to do anything but meditate.
Sound about right? Of course it does. We're human. And we have that complex biological super-computer called "the mind." And because we live in the 21st century, that mind is stimulated by 400 billion bits of data every single waking second via the five senses as well as our thoughts and emotions, all competing for one thing and one thing only – our attention.
And since you probably don't live in a cave in the Himalayas with no responsibilities or worldly concerns, you are totally and completely stressed out. Gotta pay your rent, car payment, car insurance, health insurance, cable bill, gas bill, electric bill, etc. Gotta pay for food, fun, your husband or wife, your kids. Not married? Well then, gotta pay for the gym, your monthly dues for the "I'm-Unhappy-But-A-Relationship-Will-Magically-Make-Me-Happy-Dot-Com" dating website, not to mention drinks and dinner for all your dates which, by the way, almost always lead to a sense of frustration, emptiness, and the question, "Why did I just do that?"
Of course, you've gotta get a job to pay for all these wonderful expenses. And not just any job… a good job! One with a good salary so you can lease that BMW you're salivating over. And you've gotta work like a slave to keep that job because thousands of other people who are competing for it are just as qualified because, let's face it, you probably don't even like your job. How could you possibly be any good at it?
This leaves you stressed out. Worried. Always in some form of panicked state. You're putting on weight. Not exercising. Indulging in the quick fixes of food, alcohol, drugs, sex, movies, TV, video games, relationships, shopping, etc.
In fact, the only time you ever really get any real relief from all of this is when you go to sleep. In other words, the only time you achieve any lasting peace, is when you're unconscious!
So, I ask you again… Why meditate?
Because. This cycle must end. And it can. It's actually quite simple.
Here's the problem. If you are one of 99.9% of the human population, your mind and emotions currently control you. There's nothing wrong with you by the way, this is just how it is living in modern civilization. We react to virtually every thought, desire, and feeling that pulsates through our bodies. Like a water-skier who's just fallen, we latch on to these things while the speedboat rakes us through the water. We believe that these thoughts, desires and feelings are what define us. I mean, who are you if not your name, career, body type, age, personality, preferences, and stuff?
Well, this is exactly what you need to find out. And you begin this process by meditating. By stopping what you're doing, sitting down, and breathing for a few minutes.
By doing a basic breathing meditation, you sit and follow your breath. While doing this, you will notice many different thoughts and feelings that arise. Observe them and let them go. Do not indulge them by letting them take you on a magic carpet ride, but you don't need to fight them either or pretend they don't exist. By simply noticing what is happening in your body, you will begin to increase your awareness.
As you practice this more and more, you will notice your thoughts and feelings as they arise in your daily life. No longer will these things control you. When your thoughts and emotions no longer control you, a sense of peace arises. You get in touch with your intuition and inner wisdom. You feel connected to the universe and all living beings.
Synchronicity starts to happen. Things start to suddenly go your way. The world is no longer the crazy stressed-out place it seemed to be. Suddenly you find yourself in a world filled with peace, love, joy, and happiness. A happiness that is no longer dependent on some outer thing or event, but which arises naturally from within.
And so you wonder, "Can this meditation thing really lead to something as elusive and profound as true peace, joy, and happiness?"
And I say to you, without a shred of doubt…


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This week we hear from former Gettysburg College golfer JC Egbert, his mother Carla and his performance coach at Parabolic Performance and Rehab, Jonathan Hudak. In the fall of 2009, JC suffered from what doctors believe was a swine flu-induced cardiac arrest episode, which left him with an anoxic brain injury (similar to a stroke). This incident occurred only two weeks into his first semester at Gettysburg College in Pennsylvania. JC obviously does not remember a lot from this incident, so Carla Egbert helps tell the tale of the steps taken to save JC's life. Carla's input gives us a unique perspective on the story and stresses the importance of staying positive even when doctors give an unfavorable diagnosis.
Carla and her family's positive thinking paid off because the hospital JC was transported to in York Pennsylvania not only had an ECMO machine, but it was a portable ECMO machine (very rare) that could travel with JC via helicopter to University of Pennsylvania Hospital. Fortunately, JC survived this ordeal, but was left with a drop foot and other physical limitations similar to those of stroke survivors. JC has had to re-learn how to walk and talk and it took him close to three years after his injury to get back on the golf course. Prior to suffering the anoxic brain injury JC was a 2-handicap golfer. JC has been playing golf since he was 5 years old and we talk about how hard and frustrating it has been for him to struggle to get back to that elite level of play.
Below is a video of how JC has adapted his golf swing because of his drop foot. JC, a natural lefty like his favorite golfer Phil Mickelson, now swings with only has right hand and holds a cane in his left hand for balance.
JC is still rehabbing with an occupational therapist, his swing coach and with his performance coach Jon Hudak. He is also taking on-line classes at Southern New Hampshire University and actually finds school easier now than he did before his injury.
Jonathan Hudak, CSCS, FMS, also joined us in this interview and talked about how far JC is come from when he first started training at Parabolic and what they have been working on together most recently. Jon and JC work on pulling heavy kettle bells, pushing the sled, walking without a cane and getting up and down from the ground, just to name a few. He also taught us about the sport specific attributes elite golfers need in terms of strength, balance, coordination and timing. Jonathan completed a Masters' in Exercise Science from Ithaca in 2007 before interning and working under multi-directional speed specialist Lee Taft. He spent 2008-2009 training independently before acting as assistant strength and conditioning coach at RPI in Troy, NY. In 2012 he moved to Fairfield County, CT and managed the fitness division in the Stamford office of Moore, PT & Fitness before coming on to Parabolic in August of 2015.


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March 30, 2014
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"Unless a person submits to this original creation--the wind hovering over the water creation, the invisible moving the visible...its not possible to enter God's kingdom....You know well enough how the wind blows this way and that. You hear it rustling through the trees, but you have no idea where it comes from or where it's headed next. That's the way it is with everyone born from above by the wind of God, the Spirit of God." (John 3 Message)
When Holy Spirit hovered over the face of the earth in creation (Genesis 1) it said He was waiting for the command of God's Word. Then He went into action! Performing what was spoken, we know light came into being, and waters found their limits, herb-yielding trees, and animals were brought forth and even man was created and then breathed into so that he became in the image of God.This is the way the invisible moved the visible into place. As born again children of God, we now submit to that original creation. Our lives are moved about by the invisible, the wind of God, so to speak. We are to live 'full of and controlled by' the Holy Spirit. That's what allows us to be in the right places at the right times for the God connections! We are carriers of His glory, frail human vessels, yet carriers of the divine light of Him. We know and understand that of ourselves, we are nothing, and yet filled with Holy Spirit we become more like Jesus, going about--doing good, and carrying His love and healing power to those that are oppressed by the enemy.
I find that living a Spirit led life means submitting my plans to His greater plan, and believe me I HAVE plans! Prov. 19:21 says 'many plans are in a man's mind' and I can assure you there are many MORE in a woman's!! The secret is submitting our plans and days to 'the wind hovering over the water creation' and being willing to be interrupted by the God plans. Jesus greatest miracles happened as He went about His day, interrupted by the needs and draw from people. Oh, that we would be willing to be vessels for Him to use as hands extended, words released, provision made, anointed to breakyokes and free the oppressed.
These are days of the greatest signs and wonders the earth has ever seen...Jesus Himself said we would do the greater works...I believe God is demonstrating His love and power through us in this hour that ALL may know Him! So, get out in the fresh air...listen for His 'wind-words', feel the wind at your back moving you about each day and participate in the GREAT ADVENTURE of the Spirit-led life.


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Allow me this not-very-bold prediction: The Moore, Okla., tornado is going spawn debate over whether climate change will increase the frequency of these deadly storms.
Some say "yes." Others aren't so sure. NOVA, the acclaimed PBS science series, examined it in a recent installment that aired Wednesday on KACV-TV. You can view it online at pbs.org/nova, the link to which is posted here: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/oklahoma-tornadoes.html
The Moore tornado left 24 people dead. It was an F5 twister that blasted a mile-wide swath through the city just south of Oklahoma City. The discussion has turned, as it usually does in cases like this, to whether climate change is causing the frequency of these storms to increase, or whether it is increasing the violence of the storms.
NOVA reports that 2011 was the worst tornado season in history, and that year included the Joplin, Mo., twister that killed 158 residents. Scientists are grappling with trying to predict the ferocity of these storms, when to expect them and trying to provide advice on how to avoid tragic outcomes.
The debate, of course, also turns on whether the climate change is manmade or whether it's part of the Earth's natural cycle.
NOVA does its usual good job of examining the science of an event such as the Moore tornado. Take a look and judge for yourself.


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Ok. Just a warning: This post isn't for everyone. There's nothing explicit, but a discussion on canning, or specifically on glass jars, may be quite boring. Some may find it a little old fashioned, tedious, nerdy or, yes, matronly. And, I do use the word "Ball," so the innuendos are there; I've tried to eliminate the possible "That's what she said" opportunities. But, for those who can get their heads out of the gutter, keep reading.
Over the last two years, I've been collecting different types of mason jars. I've scoured antique and thrift stores looking for these gems. (I don't pay more than $2.00 on them, depending on their age; Emm, I thought you would be proud.) It's become a borderline obsession, but I swear that I'm not like one of these people - I do package homemade snacks in them to give away, so I know how to let go. I also use the jars for storing grains, seeds and other bulk items in my pantry instead of using plastic containers. And, for their primary purpose, I really got into canning last summer and use new jars for these projects, which, again, I also give away or put up for the winter.
Well, to my surprise, I turned on Martha today - as I am currently looking for a full-time job so I have the luxury of watching TV at 11 a.m. (hint to anyone who wants to hire me!) - she had a whole show on uses of Ball Jars! Of course, I'm one step ahead of Ms. Stewart in this department, but still a good show. Let's just say it made my day a little more worthwhile. Click here to see the segment on the history of Ball Jars; way better than I make it sound, and I'm on the look out for some of the one's featured on the show.
On a side note, I don't feel as self-conscious about my infatuation with glass jars because Martha likes them and it was noted that a younger member of her staff also collects them, so I'm not alone.
I checked out the Ball Web site, and to commemorate the 125th anniversary of the popular home canning jar, there was a canning exhibit this past summer. I wish I knew about it!
Not that I'm looking for a gift or anything, BUT if anyone wants to get me this shirt, it would make a great present...


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Supporting Leeds Food Bank
Posted 21/01/2015
In December I had the opportunity to visit a food bank in Moortown and witness the volunteers and their clients which they look after and this left a lasting impression. The clients using the food banks look just like you and I and sadly today I saw a young mum with two children struggling to make ends meat.
The food bank is for those who are deemed in a sudden crisis - this can be redundancy, benefit delay or even an unexpected bill – which can mean they go hungry. Leeds (North) Food Bank provides emergency food which is to last three days!
Food banks need our support and thankfully each branch of sales and lettings in Preston Baker got fully behind this - Thank you for all your donations, we are planning another collection later in the year.
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About Us
Jason Stuart
Jason likes nothing more than to point out little, nitpicky errors in other people's writing and speech. This is probably because it makes him feel superior despite the fact that he's never really accomplished anything significant himself. Apart from this, he's good people, as they say. He lives with his wife, child, dog, and two cats in Albuquerque, NM, where he is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in American History at the University of New Mexico. He holds an MA in the same field from San Diego State University. Lately, he's really been getting into Krautrock for some reason. He also makes a mean cocktail, and enjoys playing vintage-rules base ball whenever possible. (Yeah, "base ball." Two words. Not a typo. That's how it was written back in the day.)
George Aleman III
George's Uncle Sam pose illustrates just how much he wants YOU to make sure your work is perfect. Indeed, this 100 year-old iconic posture, thanks to James Montgomery Flagg, is allegorically on par with George's grammatically draconian nature and his never-ending campaign against the scrawling deluge, syntactic errors, and negligent prose of the day. Aside from this, however, George loves family and friends. He also has a passion for books, movies, and video games of the post-apocalyptic genre and is an avid/nerdy consumer of collectibles. He attended San Diego State University and earned a BA in Social Science, a California Single-Subject Teaching Credential, and an MA in history within the span of just ten years. George has worked at the university level as a teaching associate, adjunct professor, and administrator. He now works around the clock for The Editry and is a high school teacher in sunny San Diego, CA.


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Ultimate Vocal Library WAV26 June 2018
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We proudly present one our best sample packs – the Ultimate Vocal Library. We hired 4 professional female singers who recorded full songs, phrases, chants, ad libs and one-words at the highest quality. So, this package features 356 different vocal files as a dry as well as a wet version. The perfectly sorted zip file unpacks into over 1 GB of pure vocal sounds. We included six full bpm-labeled songs, which are broken down into their seperate phrases, background vocals or even alternative versions. Our 4 singers deliver a wide spectrum of different vocal needs, may it be EDM, Chillout, Hip Hop, RnB, Dubstep, Drum and Bass, Glitch Hop, Future House, Techno or any other form of (electronic) music.
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#1 Akram
13 July 2018 / 1:41
How can I download this??


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For wildlife, visitor experience, and wilderness protection Point Reyes National Seashore will be including the following closure to the Superintendent's Compendium. The NPS invites the public to submit written suggestions, comments, and concerns about this change. Questions and/or comments will not be accepted by FAX, e-mail, or in any manner other than hand delivery or mail until August 19, 2014. Bulk comments in any format (hard copy or electronic) submitted on behalf of others will not be accepted. Comments may be mailed to:
The following closure will begin on August 20, 2014:
Unmanned Aircraft:
This closure is necessary to protect wildlife, visitor experience, and wilderness within the seashore. Due to the variety and wide distribution of wildlife, the accessibility of the park to visitors, and the wilderness area geography, nothing other than a full closure will be sufficient for protection.
Current Superintendent's Compendium (PDF)
36 CFR 1.5 Closures and Public Use Limits
Last updated: April 5, 2018


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On a plane we have finite amount of points. Any three of them are not collinear. Show that there exist circle (formed with three or more points) that doesn't contain other points in it.
Source: a national mathematics magazine.
My approach:
Assume we have some circle created from 3 or more points. If in this circle (interior) exists some point, we take any two points from the border and one from the inside and create new circle.
And we can repeat it until we have circle without inner points.
Does this work?


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Last night was just one of those nights. I didn't have adequate time throughout the workday to get my work done — much less take a break for meal planning. After work, I stopped at the grocery store. Frazzled, stressed, still thinking more about work than dinner, I wandered the store aisles.
Here's something interesting, I'd think, holding a vegetable we haven't had in a while or a tempting marinade or sauce. Then, I'd consider different preparations ... pasta, stir fry, tacos, the grill. Followed by: Who cares? It's not like my boy will eat it anyway.
Between my son's allergies and his pickiness about food (yay, toddlerhood!), I get into rut after rut. Then, I find something that I think he'll like — like a gluten-free taco pasta! And I'm always wrong. (Though, I guess, to his credit last night, he did TRY the pasta. That's a victory in our house. And my husband, after complaining about the presence of onions, had two helpings.)
So, to all the busy, tired mamas in a dinner rut, I get you. Big time.
I know this isn't the end of the world. I know I shouldn't get so worked up about it. But when I get excited about a new dish and my son wrinkles his nose without even tasting it, I don't know whether to cry or get angry. And on evenings like last night, when the stress of the workday carried into the dinner hour, it's hard to not get flat-out depressed over meal preparation. Ugh, then, I have to clean up and do dishes? Adding insult to injury.
But we press on.
Does my son have to eat, I wonder? Yes, I guess he does. Sigh.
OK, now we press on.
So, tonight I will not worry about introducing or re-introducing some new food. Tonight will not be about getting creative. Tonight will be something I know he's eaten in the past. That's not to say he'll eat it tonight, of course. But I shall try to minimize the pain and aggravation of mealtime. With toddlers (or is it all ages?), though, this is hard.
Maybe I'll see if he wants to help cook the meal. Getting him involved in the kitchen has failed to prove to be any sort of barometer as to whether he'll actually eat the meal. But at least if he doesn't eat, I can go to bed mildly irritated by his eating habits yet confident he had a positive experience with food today.
And maybe — just maybe — I'll get over this darn rut.
Wish me luck.


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HALIFAX - A Halifax man accused of threatening police with dangerous chemicals has been committed to stand trial.
Defence lawyer Mike Taylor waived the right to a preliminary inquiry for his client Christopher Phillips, who appeared briefly in Dartmouth provincial court today and was remanded into custody.
Phillips, who is charged with uttering threats and possession of a weapon for a dangerous purpose, is due in Nova Scotia Supreme Court on Thursday to set trial dates.
He has elected to be tried by judge alone.
Police have alleged that a cottage and a shed that the 42-year-old man owned in the Halifax area were filled with chemicals in various states of degradation.
The discovery prompted evacuations in Halifax and the Ottawa hotel where Phillips was arrested in January.
The Crown says it estimates the trial will take five days and it is trying to accommodate having it soon.
Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said Christopher Phillips appeared in Nova Scotia Supreme Court Wednesday.


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From the sidelines of the Reese's Senior Bowl!
This past week was a big one in the City of Mobile. Around mid-week, flights filled with NFL coaches, scouts and fans descended upon the Port City for one reason: to watch senior football players from colleges all over the Country in a North vs. South exhibition game we call the Reese's Senior Bowl. The city was buzzing and the entire feeling can be best described as electric.
Locals casually ran into MAJOR NFL names like John Gruden (Head Coach of the Oakland Raiders) at their favorite downtown eateries. Others made sure they made it to the "Meet the Players" event at the Mobile Convention center because they knew these boys were about to become stars.
On Friday, the Inaugural Senior Bowl Leadership Summit was held at the Saenger Theater in downtown Mobile and I was BLOWN AWAY by the amount of local business owners, entrepreneurs, students and Average Joe's like myself that made it a point to be there. The team that organized this now annual event, lead by Scott Tindle, Susan Shaw and Bradley Flowers among others, deserve MAJOR applause. The speakers were both informative and entertaining while speaking on a variety of topics including, "Emotional Intelligence, Interpersonal Relationships and How to use Emotional Connection to Strengthen Teams". The panels ranged from coaches like Shanahan and Gruden to Human Performance Expert, Dr. Jim Brennan (Our very own Dan Brennan's brother) and owner of the Savannah Bananas Baseball Team and one of the most brilliant Marketing minds I've ever met, Jesse Cole. See if you can tell which one he in from the pics below ;) The one and only Gary Vaynerchuk, or GaryVee, was in attendance and in FULL support of the Summit, announcing he would be next year's Keynote Speaker and enticing interest from the community an entire year in advance! If you don't believe that people want to become better or feel a need to grow and learn from the best, then you didn't see the amount of people pouring out of the Saenger on Friday. Job well done, friends! I seriously cannot wait.
This Statement from Bradley's Facebook says it all:
SATURDAY MEANT GAME DAY! Confession: Most times I have been to the actual Senior Bowl in recent years were because of work. I love the "Girls of Fall' event at the Convention Center and the pre-game events during the week of the game but the actual game never really drew me in. This year I decided to really dive in. I ended up with field access (how do I actually get this lucky? Will someone call and let me know, please? I don't deserve this.) and took my nephew Tyler along for the ride. He's 22 and a complete savant when it comes to all things football. Really. You don't want to bet him on anything because he knows all stats and remembers every play of every game. He once yelled at me to call Dan Brennan during a Friday night high school broadcast that Dan was working because he had input! I did not call Dan Brennan and in fact, hid the phone. He's a giant weirdo and I love him.
Before the game we hopped around the tent areas to see the local businesses and eat the good food. I even showed up in my #34- Bo Jackson- jersey that my dad bought for me when I was 8yrs old because he made a special appearance in the Piggly Wiggly tent with fans! HOW COOL IS THAT? #BoKnows
By the time we made it to the field, the weather was perfect and I was really ready to get my football on! I was in awe. Everything looks different from the sidelines. The stands were filling up. The coaches were 3 feet away from me and the NFL Network was reporting right behind me. I think I was more geeking out about the reporters than the football players to be honest.
It was 30 minutes to game time. Our lovely Azalea and Dogwood Trail Maids lined the North and South end zones resembling beautiful pastel bouquets of flowers, welcoming guests to our city. The Raiders and 49er's cheerleaders danced mid-field. People loved it...but not nearly as much as who was next...
Look, I was raised an Auburn (and Notre Dame) fan. My only goal in school was to make decent enough grades to get into Auburn (and I did) but I am not one of those fans that hates Alabama because I like Auburn. Honestly, I have had just as many good times in Tuscaloosa as I have on the Plains. AND my cousin Sarah was Big AL when we were in college! So there I am, on the sidelines watching The University of Alabama Marching Band, the WORLD FAMOUS "Million Dollar Band" take the field and bring the entire stadium to their feet with the team's fight song. Side note: not sure when it happened but apparently I know every word to it and sang it LOUDLY! #DrownEmTide! The moment gave me chills. Uncle Henry would've been proud.
I saw Mayor Sandy Stimpson walking over and my friend Maya and I went to give him hugs. I adore our Mayor. I wanted to thank him personally for the love and tenderness he displayed this past week as our city mourned the loss of another one of it's protectors, Officer Sean Tuder. I told him that my father retired from MPD having worked the exact same job as Officer Tuder for over 25 years. He asked who my father was, gave me a big hug and told me to tell my dad to stay safe. Let me say this clearly, I LOVE our Mayor.
It was almost immediately after this moment that the crowd was asked to bow their heads in a moment of silence on behalf of Officer Tuder, followed by our National Anthem. Yep. You guessed it. Completely sobbing at this point. Oh! And I ended up on the Mayor's Instagram (3rd pic)! #markthatoffthebucketlist #heymomlookImfamous
The game was fun and the stands were packed! The boys were HUGE and the t-shirt cannon is LIFE GOALS. I want to own and shoot that thing everyday for the rest of my life. I don't know if I will get to experience the game from that perspective again any time soon, but I will experience it!
The thing about living in a town like Mobile is that you will always have people who bash it. It's "too small" and "there's nothing to do". First of all, look at those stands in the photos. FULL. Second, I don't even LOVE football. This was a week-long experience! These people who makes such comments are the same people who will stay here their entire lives and complain about it without venturing out of their comfort zones. Let me clarify their grumblings for you...to truly experience something you must dive in head first. If you don't like the lack of variety in entertainment around town, create some! Our city is thriving on creativity and innovation right now. The opportunities have never been more available to make some magic. Maybe you have lived in Mobile your entire life, but have you ever immersed yourself in the culture? The Reese's Senior Bowl is huge for our city, but even on a smaller scale there is always something happening in town. And if you need a friend to go exploring and get weird with, call me up. I love the Port City. I believe in the Port City. This weekend just made the love a little stronger. With innovation, a sense of community and understanding, we can change lives and Mobile proved this week that we are DOING IT. I'm so proud and eager to be a part of something monumental.


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The SIGHPC Big Data chapter was formed in July 2015 to share best practices in High Performance Computing (HPC) Big Data solutions. In particular the chapter objectives include:
- Providing a means of communication and collaboration among individuals having an interest in the convergence between HPC and Big Data, in order to exchange ideas and best practices
- Promoting the parallelization of state-of-the-art big data analytics frameworks to use HPC platforms efficiently and the adaptation of common software stacks
- Promoting the development of new tools for data intensive supercomputing
- Promoting the use of HPC and Big Data technologies in commercial analytics
To encourage worldwide membership, SIGHPC Big Data is established as a virtual chapter. Members attend the annual meeting at SC and join talks and learning activities via the internet.
Attending SC18?
Join us!! Our Third Annual SIGHPC-BigData Meeting and Presentation BOF is at SC18 on Wednesday, November 14, 2018 from 12:15 – 1:15 pm at Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center room D169.
Click here for SC18 BOF speakers and agenda.


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Warning: This post contains major spoilers.
Well, it's just a big party in Bon Temps.
The shifter-killing gang is still on the loose getting its kicks, Tara is reacquainting herself with old high school friends-torturing them-, Lafayette throws a shindig for Terry and Patrick, and the werewolves hold a farewell gathering (exit) for Alcide.
Meanwhile, the Vampire Authority, now headed by Russell Edgington, is still "high as a kite" off their V trip and begins plotting its next move against mankind.
And, it looks like someone new may be coming after Sookie.
Eric used to be the bad guy we loved to hate on "True Blood"; however, in spite of all this ridiculous Lilith talk, he's the only one keeping his cool and staying sane.
The original plan to "stay alive" included going along with the Authority's beliefs to escape; however, the longer the two stay, it appears Bill may consider there's more to the afterlife than being the white knight.
Bill appears to be transitioning into a colder, darker version of his former self. We can't say this is surprising since his world turned upside down: everyone's suddenly okay with Edgington's return, Steve Newlin is a vampire, and, to top things off, he sees the love of his life supposedly moving on with a werewolf.
As he tells Eric, he's evolving.
Luna's sick of being locked up in the hospital, so she decides it's time to exit by shifting into Sam.
She should be careful about that … considering Sam's brother shifted one too many times into a human and ended up dead.
Only problem? She's stuck that way.
Any time the two Sams appear on screen together, especially one point where we believe he's about to make out with himself, the show feels weird.
Turns out she can see into the past.
The faeries meet at the bridge where Sookie's parents died and uses her new powers to see things from her mother's perspective. While under a trance, Sookie sees a glimpse of the vampire who killed her parents.
The logistics are kind of hazy; however, given we've seen a smoke monster, mediums, witches and more throughout the show's run, we go with it.
Tara gives a gal from high school a piece of her mind: Pam first reprimands her, but then hand delivers her as Tara's personal slave.
Eric tries to break through to Nora: It's pointless.
Alcide challenges the new packmaster: However, the match isn't fair … as they were going to hunt down and murder a track star of a university. Alcide instead gets kicked out of the pack.
Bill gets bullied into feeding on a mother: In the process, we learn the fate of his daughter. While she was on her deathbed, he refused to turn her into a vampire. Harsh.


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Log in
Who is online?In total there is 1 user online :: 0 Registered, 0 Hidden and 1 Guest
Most users ever online was 69 on Wed Jul 03, 2019 1:23 pm
Squads - Groups
Sun Nov 29, 2009 1:14 pm by MonkeySpotted
Greetings Apes!
I have made a new system of squads and grouping. You now can choose your favorite class and be part of a team like you.
There are 3 Open Groups:
Sniper - for those who like sniping, just go to the Snipers Group.
Riflemen - do you think rifles are the best? Join the Rifle People.
Pointman - SMG and Shotguns match you, join the Pointmen.\
And 2 Closed Groups
Inactives - …
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Comments: 0
Double Posting.
Fri Nov 27, 2009 4:53 am by Classic
EVERYONE listen up i dont like people double/triple posting there is no need for it please use the edit button it will not increase your Posts because when i find them i will delete them! if you do it too much i will get fed up and warn then hit u with my ban hammer dont let me see it again thankyou.
Comments: 0
Reputation and Rank Points
Wed Nov 11, 2009 3:57 am by MonkeySpotted
Greetings Apes!
From now on, we are tracking your movements. Everytime you help or provide assistance to any of your mates, you will receive a Reputation Point if whoever you helped thought your assistance was useful.
Rank points are enabled now. Everytime you make a thread or post something useful, you will receive a rank point. Gather as many rank points and you may receive a moderator …
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Comments: 2
Active Clan
Mon Nov 23, 2009 5:06 am by Classic
Greetings clan,
I just wanted to post a note that this clan needs to be a little more active please, on the website and ingame we need more players active so we can start arranging clan events, if you are not active for 2 weeks you will be kicked or given a warning if you come back in time. UNLESS you give us clear notification that you are going away ect..
Well thats all Happy gaming!
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Comments: 0
Planet of Apes Email!
Tue Nov 10, 2009 4:45 pm by MonkeySpotted
Greetings Apes!
We got new features! Now all of our mates apes will be able to have a Planet of Apes' Clan E-mail!
Here are the links:
E-mail hoster - http://planetofapes.zzn.com/
Sign up here!
For technical help, either post a topic at our Site - Technical Help, or send us an e-mail to:
Thank you for the attention,
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Comments: 0
Mon Nov 09, 2009 5:22 pm by MonkeySpotted
Greetings Apes!
One of our min. req. is having Teamviewer, for those who dont have it, here`s the tutorial, download link and site:
Site - http://www.teamviewer.com/index.aspx
Tutorial - http://www.teamviewer.com/help/teamviewer_manual.pdf
Thank you for the
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Xfire Names
August 2019
Top posters


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A new study just released by the Suffolk County Association of Municipal Employees (AME) raises serious concerns about proposals by New York political leaders to divest the state pension from fossil fuels. If the pension were to do so, the report finds that it would lose $2.8 billion over 20 years. The report's analysis found that the fund's energy investments have outperformed other sectors and were responsible for strong returns in 2016. Eliminating these well-performing stocks would impact the overall performance of the fund and diminish returns on an annual basis and over the long term.
The report is timely, given that New York Governor Andrew Cuomo just last week endorsed divesting the New York State Pension from fossil fuels. New York State Comptroller, Tom DiNapoli however, has consistently rejected such calls citing his fiduciary duty. DiNapoli responded to the governor's call last week by reiterating that the fund had no plans to divest.
The study, commissioned by the Suffolk County Association of Municipal Employees, provides several financial reasons for avoiding divestment. From the report:
"Given the unique role of the energy sector in the economy, investors that chose to remove traditional energy from their investments reduce the diversification of their portfolios and thereby suffer reduced returns and greater risk. Investor costs are further compounded when considering the additional costs of transactional fees, commissions, and compliance costs that are unavoidable when divesting. During a period when many pension funds are underfunded." (emphasis added)
The idea that divestment leads to reduced diversification benefits and higher transaction costs is something that has been well-established in academic studies by respected Professors Daniel Fischel of the University of Chicago Law School and Hendrik Bessembinder of Arizona State University. They found in their respective studies that when these costs are imposed on pension funds, the losses could top billions, if not trillions of dollars collectively over the long term. In fact, these two studies helped inform AME's analysis of how divestment would specifically impact the New York State Common Retirement Fund, with both professors' work referenced throughout.
Given this financial reality, Comptroller DiNapoli cannot in good conscience divest from the fossil fuel sector. The law clearly requires him to act in the best interests of the fund,
"In fulfilling mandated responsibilities, the Comptroller is legally bound by a fiduciary duty to act prudently and solely in the interest of, and for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to, the Retirement System's participants… Investment decisions must be guided by his fiduciary duty and cannot be driven by unrelated motives, no matter how compelling." (emphasis added)
Further, under a divestment policy, the New York State Pension Fund would be giving up the ability to influence targeted companies when it comes to issues of climate change. DiNapoli has pointed out in the past that engagement is preferable to divestment. The report reached the same conclusion:
"Selling shares to other investors who might not share our concerns about these issues or worse deny climate change and support the status quo is not a wise option."
And what is to gain by ceding influence and taking on lower returns? Not a whole lot, according to the report.
"It is a venerable concept to think divesting from fossil fuels would provide the "silver bullet" for climate change; however this is foolish and does not take into account the large and generational role this natural resource has had on global markets."
Instead, pensioners and state governments will be forced to make up for the shortfalls resulting from this empty gesture. From the report:
"Sector based divestment would adversely affect the New York State Retirement System and result in a significant increased pension contribution by local governments. Divestment losses would jeopardize critical civic services such as public safety, healthcare, and education, which according to the 2018 budget for the State of New York account for 74% of budget spending. The losses from divestment would mean that State and local governments would have to cut critical services or raise taxes to ensure that the pension system is funded." (emphasis added)
Luckily for New York pensioners, the comptroller is in charge of investment decisions, not the governor. DiNapoli has maintained an anti-divestment stance and has emphasized the importance of engagement over divestment. This latest report shows direct losses can be expected if the fund were to heed Gov. Cuomo's advice and to divest—this would not impact the targeted companies but would negatively impact vital services and force local governments to pay more to make up for the fund's financial losses.
Hopefully, for the sake of New York beneficiaries, DiNapoli will continue to rebuff divestment efforts by politicians and instead continue to adhere to his fiduciary duties.


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October 6, 1995
Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, United States Of America
Evil Jared came up with his rendition of the town's name quickly today, Ft. LotsO'Tail. There are a lot of girls here, I guess its the beach community thing. Right before we went onstage tonight, Jimmy Pop came into the dressing room and expressed concern over performing "She Ain't Got No Legs" tonight. When questioned as to why he would think this, Jimmy's reply was simple, "Go look out by the merch booth." We all did and there he was; a man in a wheelchair with no legs.
This was the first time I had ever seen Pop worry about something like this, but I was with him, I felt funny playing it in front of that guy. Of course, we decided to do it anyway and during the song, the guy rolled right up to the front of the stage and started singing along. He loved it! He was rolling about in his wheelchair, doing his version of dancing, having a grand ole' time. It was great to see. After the show, Evil made out with a girl in front of her boyfriend and the guy got pretty pissed. Jared didn't care of course, that's why he's called Evil.


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Pollen–pistil barriers to crossing in maize and teosinte result from incongruity rather than active rejection
- 283 Downloads
- Citations
Many popcorn strains cannot be fertilized by pollen of dent and flint strains although the reciprocal crosses are successful. Similarly, plants of some annual teosinte populations can fertilize maize but do not accept its pollen. Single genes or gene complexes govern these two unilateral barriers to crossing. Failure of fertilization could reflect active rejection by the pistil of pollen containing a contrasting allele (incompatibility). Alternatively, the pistil could require presence of a matching allele in pollen (congruity). To distinguish between these possibilities genetically, the receptivity to pollen having both alleles was determined. If there is active rejection, heteroallelic pollen would not be accepted; if presence of a matching allele is required, heteroallelic pollen would be accepted. In both the popcorn and teosinte crossing barrier systems, heteroallelic pollen functioned, consistent with the congruity model.
KeywordsCross incompatibility Incongruity Pollen–pistil interaction Zea mays L
We thank Millard Susman for suggestions concerning the manuscript. Research supported by USDA NRI award 35301–13314.
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