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Two arrested after a mother, 36, her son, 11, her daughter, 5, and her Partner, 22, were 'tied up and had their throats slit' in grisly upstate New York quadruple murder
Two suspects have been arrested in a quadruple homicide in upstate New York
Justin Mann, 24, and James White, 38, entered 'not guilty' pleas on SaturdaThey face four counts of second-degree and one count of first-degree murder
Both of their preliminary hearings will be held on January 4 in Troy City CourtIsaiah Smith, 15, was the sole survivor of the grisly murder in his family home
His mother, 36, her partner, 22, and his siblings, five and 11, were killed their bodies were discovered just before 1pm on Tuesday in Troy, New York
Police say it's not a random act of violence; bodies found with throats slashed
They say the family appear to have been targeted for an unknown reason
Troy Police Chief said murders were an abominable act of 'savagery'
Two people have been arrested in the quadruple homicide that took the lives of two women and two children in their upstate New York apartment.
Justin Mann, 24, and James White, 38, were arraigned in Troy City Court around 8.30am Saturday after being arrested Friday night. Both men face four counts each of second-degree and one count each of first-degree murder.
According to CBS 6's Steve Maugeri, both Mann and White have entered 'not guilty' pleas. Their preliminary hearings will be held January 4.
Isaiah Smith, 15, who was not home at the time was the sole survivor of the homicide in Troy.
The teenager's mother Shanta Myers, 36; his brother Jeremiah, 11; and sister, Shanise, five, were found tied up with their throats slashed alongside Shanta's lesbian girlfriend Brandi Mells, 22, inside their basement apartment on Tuesday by the building's property manager.
Troy Police Chief James Tedesco revealed at a press conference on Saturday morning that the crime appeared to have been committed around 9pm on December 21 – meaning the victims had been dead for nearly five days.
Justin Mann, 24 (left and James White, were arrested in the quadruple homicide that took the lives of two women and two children in their upstate New York apartment
Mann (front, center) and White (back, in white) face four charges each of second-degree murder and one charge each of first-degree murder
Additionally, it was revealed that one of the defendants was acquainted with one of the victims but further information could not be given 'because the investigation is ongoing'.
District Attorney Joel Abelove said that during the arraignment the defendants were given notices of intent to present the case to a grand jury
Being convicted of the first-degree murder charge comes with a maximum sentence of life in prison without possibility of parole.Isaiah, the sole survivor of the crime who was away in Massachusetts, said he was scared that the suspects were 'coming for [him] next,' he told the Times Union.Speaking about the moment he found out about his family he said 'Couldn't believe it. Heartbroken. I fell down to the ground right in the bathroom and cried thinking who would've done this?' reported CBS6.
Before the arrests, his aunt Shakera Symes, the sister of 36-year-old victim Shanta, appealed to the public. 'Give the information to the authorities so that they can help find the person who has destroyed us, emotionally, mentally. It feels like somebody has ripped us to shreds,' she said.
'My sister was supposed to be with me and her children, all three of them for Christmas. And I got robbed of that,' she emotionally told reporters.
Isaiah Smith, the sole survivor of the family, said he was terrified for his safety and is even 'scared to go to the corner store.
Based on evidence uncovered in the course of the investigation, police do not believe there is imminent danger to the community.
Troy Police Captain Daniel DeWolf said earlier that the deaths were 'certainly suspicious.'
The unit where the bodies were found is one of five in a home located in a residential neighborhood along the Hudson River's east bank, just north of Albany.
How can the older son be the only survivor of the homicide, as DM stated?


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Note: This system weighs 85lbs less than the factory DPF for increased performance and fuel economy.
This is a "Race Only" product used solely for competition. Its use is limited to closed-course racing that is formally sanctioned by a recognized racing organization. Any other use, including recreational off-road use, could be in violation of local, state and federal laws. This system also requires an aftermarket electronic module to work properly with the vehicle.
The urea bracket reattaches the urea device to the frame and away from the exhaust.
This product may defeat emissions systems via electronic or mechanical means and is STRICTLY for off-road use only. According to the EPA Clean Air Act, it is illegal for use on any Federal, State, or Local public highways and illegal use is punishable by the penalties enacted by the mentioned laws. We do not condone illegal use of these products, and a Liability waiver must be filled out, signed, & returned before this item will ship. Click here for Online Liability Waiver or here for Fax/Email Liability Waiver. We do NOT accept returns on ANY emissions defeating electronics or equipment. NO EXCEPTIONS! This item CANNOT be shipped to California.
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When homes go into foreclosure, the owners are generally far more worried about the mortgage payment than something else. You will find several costs involved with owning a residence, though, and all of these need to become paid just before and through the foreclosure. If they are not paid, as well as the homeowners are in a position to stop foreclosure prior to losing the residence, they can quickly uncover themselves back in the similar circumstance, in danger of getting sued again for delinquent property taxes, homeowners association fees, or discover themselves owning an uninsured house. Even worse, the lender may impose an escrow account or forced insurance on the property. Thus, it can be important for foreclosure victims to keep on top of as many of the payments relating to the residence as they can.
The county and city property taxes work slightly differently from the other charges mentioned above, because of their greater priority in the foreclosure proceedings, but they, along with any other liens on the property, will probably be wiped off immediately after the sheriff sale of the residence. When the sheriff sale is conducted, the property will probably be sold for whatever the highest bid amount is. These proceeds is going to be used to pay off every thing that is affecting the residence. First to be paid is any delinquent or currently due property taxes. The county gets paid first if the homeowners do not postpone the sheriff sale or function out a remedy to prevent foreclosure.
If the foreclosure victims can not save their home, there might be a possibility of delinquent taxes becoming added as a lien on the property before the foreclosure. The lender will make an effort to stop this, as they will want as significantly of their dollars as feasible without a tax lien, which will involve the expenses for acquiring the lien, as well as the taxes themselves. Nevertheless, this possibility depends on how the property tax is being paid, whether or not via escrow using the mortgage business, or if the homeowners are paying it on their own.
If property taxes are paid via the escrow account, then the lender will pay the property taxes as they come due. Not surprisingly, the amounts paid for taxes will be added to the total payoff necessary to sell the residence or refinance to stop foreclosure, but the taxes will likely be paid to the county on time. The bank won't let the house go into a property tax foreclosure though they are pursuing their own foreclosure, and this gives them the chance to add more interest and charges to the total payoff, as they can stack up far more junk fees on a negative escrow balance.
If the homeowners are paying the taxes on their own, although, and they get behind, then the proceeds from the sheriff sale will probably be used to pay off the property taxes. When the sheriff sale is conducted, the sale price will probably be used to pay the taxes first, then the mortgage, then any second mortgage as well as other liens. But the property taxes might be paid, so as to stop the county from taking possession of the residence. The possibility of the county acquiring a lien on the house could possibly be smaller, however it is typically adequate for the bank to impose an escrow account on the homeowners. They merely spend the delinquent taxes and add that amount to the total payoff, in addition to associated charges and interest, which drives up the amount necessary to reinstate the loan or steer clear of foreclosure fully. The homeowners could not even know they are now paying additional every month to help keep up a new escrow balance, until they have saved the property and are now creating typical payments once again — it can be just that the payments could be much greater than they originally were because of the imposed escrow payment.
Immediately after the property taxes are paid off through the sheriff sale, the very first mortgage will be paid off with as much of the proceeds as are left. If there's not sufficient to spend the first mortgage completely, then the Homeowners Association (HOA) as well as other lienholders will just get absolutely nothing.
Now, the HOA could try and sue the homeowners soon after the foreclosure for the amount of fees that had been owed up to the date that they were no longer the owner of the residence. It might not be worth the time or effort for them to attempt to sue and obtain a judgment, although, specially as it's typically known that most foreclosure victims don't have the extra resources to pay a deficiency judgment and little motivation to work out a payment plan or other arrangements. It's much more likely the HOA will just quit on collecting the fees, as they will not be able to cover the costs in the lawsuit.
Hazard insurance, the last in the costs most frequently related using the mortgage payment, is generally paid with the mortgage in the escrow or monthly payment. If that is not being paid, or the owners are responsible for paying the insurance on their own, there will be no lien placed on the property for it; the property just doesn't have hazard insurance. If something occurs to the home even though the insurance is not paid, the insurance will not cover it, definitely. This really is an additional charge that the bank can impose on the property, if they know that the foreclosure victims aren't taking care of it. Mortgage organizations undoubtedly do not want to loan money on a house that, if it is destroyed, will likely be a total loss to them; insurance is most generally mandatory for obtaining a loan in the first place.
The longer the foreclosure goes on, the greater costs will climb as well as the a lot more hard it is going to be for homeowners to solve the crisis and avoid foreclosure. Various expenditures will still need to be kept on time, such as the property taxes, homeowners association fees, and hazard insurance, or else the danger of future foreclosures will probably be present, or the lender could impose a forced, costly escrow account to ensure they're paid. Added liens could possibly be placed on the title, along with the homeowners could be sued soon after foreclosure or discover that their insurance has lapsed and won't cover any damages that happen to the property. Therefore, homeowners may well find that they are fighting foreclosure on numerous fronts at when, but they want to be conscious of all the possibilities of letting their housing payments go into default. Foreclosure is obviously probably the most pressing concern, however it may be all of the small charges that trigger them to lose their houses, unless they acquire adequate foreclosure info to understand the whole process and what's really at stake.


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Harley "Bagger" Rat Bike/
Have you ever heard of a custom style known as rat bikes? It's where you customize your bike, but go for a practical or unfinished look. Usually it's primer, sometimes there's rust, but they're all meant to ride and they all have personality. These aren't show bikes, they're cobbled together from spare parts, made functional (and presumed legal), gassed up and on the road. They're the product of love, and so is this 1/10th scale rat bike from bricksonwheels, gritty magnificence.


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Regular price
TREKTOP NX for 1997-2017 Jeep Wrangler
We've covered all the angles. Bestop's innovative fastback styling has made Trektop NX the best selling soft top on the market today. Trektop NX is truly a complete soft top but doesn't need all the frame hardware and bows of traditional soft top designs. It takes advantage of the Wrangler's sport bars to give it shape and support for an easier installation. And there's an added bonus to the Trektop NX - just zip out the windows and it transforms into a Safari Bikini Top.


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WWII Battle Reenactment
May 5th & 6th, 2018 (10am-4pm)
This annual battle reenactment showcases the lives of both Allied and Axis troops during WWII both at home and abroad. Each demonstration will take you back to that tumultuous time in world history. Get a glimpse into the life of both soldiers and civilians and learn about how their lives were impacted during this particular war-time. Enjoy food vendors, self-guided tours, visiting with reenactors, and a live battle each day at 2:00pm.
Admission: $9 Adults, $8 Seniors/Students, Children 5 and under are FREE
Event Itinerary:
Patrol Demos at : TBA
Weapons Demos at :TBA
Victory Talks at: TBA
Battle Reenactment at 2:00 pm (Bring your own chair, arrive early to ensure a spot)
Ongoing Activities: Open House, Soldier Encampments, Exhibits, Interactions with Reenactors, Self-guided Farm Tour
Bring Extra Cash to shop with vendors. Picnic areas available.
Call for more information: 704-875-2312


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GUILFORD COUNTY, N.C. — A car crashed down an embankment Wednesday off westbound Hwy. 311 in Guilford County near the Greenway at Deep River Road.
The crash happened between Greensboro Road and Eastchester Drive.
The female driver — the only occupant in the car — was not seriously injured but was taken to the hospital.


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Bye baby weight! Janet Jackson has shed almost all of the weight since giving birth to baby Eissa Al Mana about six months ago.
Jackson delighted her fans by showing off her new sexy body in a new picture on social media.
Via Twitter, the pop star shared a snapshot where she is dressed in black from head to toe during a dance rehearsal.
The long orange/brown hair is back, and so is her fabulous figure.
The mother of one has dropped over 60 pounds since the arrival of her gorgeous baby boy.
A close source to the entertainer revealed that she is a perfectionist and has been sweating day and night for her upcoming "State of the World Tour."
The concert series will launch in Lafayette, Louisiana, on September 7.
The tour will zigzag across America before heading to Europe.
Baby Eissa will be with his mom as she travels on two continents.
A close source to the 51-year-old singer said she has been rehearsing "almost 15, 16 hours" a day to make sure she gives her fans the best tour ever.
The insider revealed: "It is a grueling schedule, but she is up to the task. She wants to blow the crowd away. She will be perfection like her brother, Michael. She is all about the showmanship."
The person with knowledge of the story said she has about ten more pounds to shed before September and added: "She has lost more than 65 pounds and has her pre-baby body back and then some. It is possible that she could lose another 10 pounds before the start of the tour."
The same source went on to explain that Jackson is happy to be back in California where her son is meeting his maternal family for the first time.
The tipster shared: "She is happy to be back in the states in L.A. where she learned about music and performing with her brothers, and it was important for her to give this experience to her son. She wants baby Eissa to know her family."
Jackson has never been so happy in her life, and she owes that to her baby boy, according to the family friend.
The pal revealed: "Janet was in great spirits. She was a very doting mother. She looked amazing. She has slimmed down and ready for her tour."
The source reassured Jackson's fans by saying that her estranged husband, Wissam Al Mana, who is in London, England, is a wonderful father who supports her decision.
They are supposedly great friends, they communicate, and he still showers her with love and gifts.
For her birthday, he surprised her with hundreds of roses and other rare and expensive flowers.


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Casino Park (ASR)
From Sonic Retro
|Casino Park
|Level, Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing
|Number of Acts: 3
|Level theme: carnival/casino
The Casino Park tracks in Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing are a set of courses traveling through a casino, with coins and chips everywhere! While obviously inspired by the stage of the same name from Sonic Heroes, there are also elements of Bingo Highway (particularly in the Pinball Highway course).
- Roulette Road - This course has a steep drop. This is followed by traveling across branching paths which end up turning you upside down, then sweeping turns finish the course.
- Pinball Highway - After a split, the course goes up a steep incline to a huge tube, which leads to a pinball table! Sweeping turns end this course.
- Bingo Party- Hard turns and steep hills make up the majority of this course. Don't fall into the Bingo table or the ball-catcher! The ending involves maneuvering around the huge poker chips to the finish.
Roulette Road also appears in Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed as the third track of the Classic Cup with a few modifications.
- Casino Park (Sonic Heroes)
- Bingo Highway (Sonic Heroes)
- Back 2 Back (Sonic Rush)
- Be Cool, Be Wild, and Be Groovy (Sonic Adventure)
- Super Sonic Racing (Sonic R)
Note: In Transformed, only Casino Park will play.
|Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing
All-Stars Racing
| Sonic the Hedgehog:
|Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed
Main page
Dragon Cup:
Rogue Cup:
Emerald Cup:
Arcade Cup:
Classic Cup:


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Ricotta Herb Dumplings Recipe
by Kimberley Thompson, Tastemaker in Residence
Bring a large pot of salted water to boiling on your stove while you mix the dumplings.
Beat together in a large bowl:
1 c ricotta, (I am using homemade)
4 egg yolks
3 Tbsp. melted butter
Stir together in a separate bowl:
1/4 c. flour
1 c. Italian bread crumbs
1/4 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. black pepper
1/3 c. parmesan
1/2 tsp. good Italian seasoning
1. Blend dry mixture into wet; lightly until all dry spots eliminated. Mixture will be firm.
2. Using a spoon and your hands (keep them wet to prevent sticking) shape the dough into tight balls the size of a SMALL egg.
3. You might need a couple more tablespoons of flour or breadcrumbs depending on the moisture content of your ricotta.
4. Drop into boiling water. Do about 8 or 10 at a time for 4 to 5 minutes. Gently rotate so they cook evenly.
5. Scoop out and drain. Put in individual bowls and top with your favorite marinara sauce. Grate fresh parmesan over the bowl and serve.


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If you want an engagement ring that is unique and classy at the same time, you might consider giving your lady love an antique engagement ring. Nowadays, brides-to-be are showing their unique style and individuality by selecting antique and estate engagement rings. Many couples look at the future brightly by purchasing something from the past.
You may choose that extraordinary engagement ring from many fine collections of beautiful yet unusual and non-traditional antique engagement jewelry. You can buy beautiful engagement rings in Glasgow via https://www.bejouled.co.uk/.
These two pearl and diamond antique engagement rings are somewhat evocative of this romantic age of their past. Oldfashioned filigree diamond engagement rings feature craftsmanship and premium quality which helps make it look good for almost any lady's hand.
Also popular are classic engagement rings with diverse diamonds, classic rubies, and classic sapphires. Does your upcoming bride enjoy unconventional colors? Then go to get an aquamarine classic gemstone.
It's the best mix of modern and classic styles. You also ought to check at classic freshwater engagement rings which take colors which fit with the skyline with a marginally violet color. A common round faceted, mixed-cut sapphire gemstone put in a classic ring weighs roughly .70 carats using four diamonds, two baguettes, and 2 cuts the sapphire, place horizontally.
Additionally, there are classic diamond cluster engagement rings which have diamonds at a bunch layout. The middle diamond is generally around the advanced clip, whilst the neighboring diamonds are around only cuts. Before purchasing the classic engagement ring, then you may wish to think about carefully your finances and personal taste.
It's a good idea to first see stores selling these exceptional items of jewelry before the exact purchase. You can also see online retailers to save yourself a bit of time trying to find the ideal ring to purchase.
Make sure that you verify the credentials of the ring designer that you are going to. Do not hesitate to do a bit of research on the engagement ring designer that is going to make you your ideal engagement ring. Also some designers are experienced with a particular type of cut. So if you are looking for a particular cut, then look out for such designers.


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JRN 210: Introduction to Copy Editing
In this course, students practice editing copy for publications with an emphasis on newspapers and newspaper websites. Students write headlines; edit news articles for tone, style, and content; and exercise news judgment as it pertains to story placement, page layout, and audience with attention to legal and ethical standards.
Level I Prereq: Academic Reading and Writing Levels of 6
- Credits
- 3
- Lecture Hours
- 45
- Clinical Hours
- 0
- Lab Hours
- 0
- Other Hours
- 0
- Total Hours
- 45
Some classes are not offered every term. To see if this class is currently available, check the schedule.
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Save a trip to campus. Just fire up your computer webcam and microphone to talk to an advisor online.more »
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What Students Say About Online Classes
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News Columns & Blogs
Deficit reflects difficult challenge
The Treasury Department's announcement Monday that the government deficit this year topped $1 trillion was not a surprise; the Obama administration estimated in May that the annual deficit would reach about $1.84 trillion by the end of the fiscal year. Still, breaking the trillion-dollar barrier is a serious concern and reflects the difficult challenge of trying to prime the economy without crippling it in the longer term. One big worry about a large deficit is that it could increase interest rates, but so far that hasn't been a problem. Also, demand for buying Treasury debt has remained strong, which is fortunate. But the high deficit could pose political problems for President Obama, as lawmakers may be more leery of health care reform or other costly legislation.


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Body of Clinton County woman found near pond where her car was recovered
The body of a Clinton County woman was found in a field early Monday near a car she had been driving, which was in a pond, police said.
Authorities believe Casey Burchett, 24, was able to get out of the car after driving into the pond accidentally, but then died as she walked to get help.
It's possible Burchett died of hypothermia, but the cause of death won't be known until an autopsy is completed, Clinton County Sheriff Rick Riddle said Monday.
Burchett apparently wrecked sometime early Sunday, Riddle said.
A farmer found the break in the fence she went through.
Police had the pond drained Sunday during the unsuccessful search for Burchett.
Early Monday, a volunteer found her body about a quarter of a mile from the car, in a spot that had been used as a road in the past, Riddle said.
State police are investigating Burchett's death, but no foul play is suspected, according to a news release.


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The question title may need some editing, but here's the situation:
I'm in the process of writing a procedure to setup Windows PCs that will be sent to customers that buy equipment from us. As I go through this, many of these steps seem tedious ("Uncheck show window contents while dragging", "Change the background to the corporate background", etc.). I'd like to have some type of installer that takes care of setting up a system so that PCs leave our shop setup the exact same way, every time. I had thought about making a custom Windows installer, but then I would have to slipstream all of the drivers that came pre-installed on the HP or Dell computers that we use, and as the models change, I would have to keep creating new versions of the installer. My next thought was to make a software installer that programmatically changes all of those settings, but it seems that not everything can be changed programmatically (e.g. the picture used for the user's login).
For those of you who deploy PCs directly to customers, how do you ensure that all PCs leaving your shop are setup correctly? Do you have an automated process, or is everything done manually?


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The Atomic Universe, also known as Earth-17, is a post-apocalyptic alternate universe that features DC characters who have survived an atomic war that has eliminated most life on Earth.
As the Cold War was brewing between the world's superpowers, a mysterious object from space crashed into Kansas. Mistaking the crash for a first strike, the United States unleashed its full nuclear arsenal against the Soviet Union, who retaliated. The ensuing nuclear war instantly vaporized 97% of all life on Earth. The survivors hope the Earth can be healed, but the nuclear aftermath has left them with scars that never will.
The following is a list of "champions" from this universe currently found in Infinite Crisis.
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


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At the request of the authors, the article titled "Role of Wheat Based Diet on the Pathology of Necrotic Enteritis in Turkeys" [1] has been retracted. The article was found to contain a substantial amount of material from published sources. The first author confirmed that all the experiments were carried out in Pakistan, and the affiliation to the National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France, was added by mistake. Muhammad Younus and Muhammad Ali Abdullah Shah did not contribute to this research and should not be considered as coauthors of this article. They were added by Dr. Umar and the journal in error, without their knowledge or permission. The journal apologizes for the mistake of not confirming their authorship.
View the full Retraction here.
- S. Umar, M. Younus, M. Shahzad et al., "Role of wheat based diet on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in Turkeys," Scientifica, vol. 2016, Article ID 4381067, 8 pages, 2016.
Volume 2016, Article ID 4381067, 8 pages
Role of Wheat Based Diet on the Pathology of Necrotic Enteritis in Turkeys
1National Veterinary School of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
2Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
3Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
4Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
5Veterinary Research Institute (VRI), Lahore, Pakistan
6Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes 44300, France
Received 25 December 2015; Revised 26 March 2016; Accepted 7 April 2016
Academic Editor: Haiqi He
Copyright © 2016 Sajid Umar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat based diet on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys. Turkeys were divided into four groups. Groups A and B were kept as noninoculated and fed normal commercial diet while groups C and D were challenged orally with C. perfringens and fed wheat based diet to promote the development of experimental disease. Infected turkeys showed clinical signs of depression, ruffled feathers, and dark yellowish faeces showing the most prominent disease signs in turkeys of group D with 30% mortality. Similarly, turkeys of group D showed more striking gross and histopathologic lesions as compared to turkeys of group C. The most severe gross lesions comprised intestinal distension, small necrotic spots and haemorrhages on intestine, fragile intestinal wall, and gas bubble formation in the small intestine. Histologically, inoculated turkeys showed patchy necrosis, desquamation of intestinal epithelium, and intense leukocyte infiltration in the intestine. Microscopic examination showed significant decrease in the height of intestinal villi of inoculated birds. Haematological studies showed significant influence of necrotic enteritis on the blood profile of turkeys in group D. The findings revealed that simultaneous feeding of wheat enhanced the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys.
1. Introduction
Enteric diseases are an important concern to the poultry industry because of production losses, increased mortality, reduced welfare of birds, and increased risk of contamination of poultry products for human consumption. Necrotic enteritis is a major disease of poultry caused by infection with C. perfringens [1–3]. Necrotic enteritis is widespread in broilers, imposing a significant economic burden on the poultry industry worldwide. Necrotic enteritis has primarily been controlled with antibiotics. Growth-promoting antibiotics have been banned from animal feed in the European Union and worldwide [4]. The use of antimicrobial growth promoters is being reduced because of concern for the spread of antimicrobial resistance. One of the negative consequences associated with the prohibition of antibiotic growth promoters in commercial poultry production is the increase in intestinal infectious diseases, such as necrotic enteritis, coccidiosis, and cryptosporidiosis [4, 5]. Identification of antibiotic-free, alternative disease control strategies has been hindered by the difficulty of experimentally reproducing necrotic enteritis by C. perfringens infection alone [6–8]. Predisposition to experimental disease has been achieved by a high protein diet, high amount of water-soluble indigestible nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP), and intestinal damage after coinfection with the apicomplexan protozoa Eimeria spp. [6, 7, 9]. Necrotic enteritis has increased in occurrence and severity over the years. According to estimation, necrotic enteritis losses increased to approximately US$6 billion in 2015 as compared to US$2 billion in 2000 [10, 11].
Several studies have shown that feed (barley, rye, and wheat) containing high amount of water-soluble indigestible NSP, such as β-glucans or arabinoxylans, increases the viscosity of the digesta and predisposes chickens to necrotic enteritis [2, 12]. The higher viscosity of digesta leads to higher clostridial counts by prolonging transit time in the intestine [12–14]. Moreover, equally or more importantly, NSP also interact with glycoproteins on the epithelial surface to increase mucin production [2]. The size of the feed particles also influences the proliferation rate of C. perfringens in the intestine and thus can predispose poultry to necrotic enteritis. In the past, it has been documented that C. perfringens proliferates faster and to larger numbers in highly ground feed than coarse ground feed [2, 15, 16]. Moreover, large amounts of animal-origin protein and calcium in the diet also predispose poultry to necrotic enteritis. The presence of high crude protein concentration and some amino acids is related to commencement of C. perfringens overgrowth and production of toxins [2, 8].
Little is known about the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys and to the best of our knowledge no one has studied the role of wheat based/barley based diets on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys. Increased incidences of necrotic enteritis with wheat based diets are well established in broilers [16]. Proliferation of C. perfringens or production of the toxins may be enhanced by components present in wheat and barley, or wheat and barley diets may inactivate intestinal digestive enzymes, thereby decreasing the degradation of toxins. Conversely, the lower incidence of necrotic enteritis in broiler fed corn-based diets could be due to suppression of either clostridial proliferation or toxin production or to enhanced degradation of clostridial toxin by substances present in corn. It is crucial to create a model that enables experimental induction of necrotic enteritis under controlled environmental conditions in turkeys for better control of necrotic enteritis. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the effects of diet manipulation on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkey model.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Diets
Experimental study protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Research Committee of the University of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Lahore, and experimentation was performed under supervision of the ethical committee. Turkey grower wheat barley based and normal diets were formulated and analysed to be nutritionally complete for macronutrients as documented previously [12, 17–19]. The diets were all provided as 3 mm diameter pellets. No antibiotic growth promoters or anticoccidial drugs were used in the diets. The manipulated diet was wheat/barley (60%/10%) based, with soybean meal as the protein source and obtained from the Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan (Table 1).
2.2. Turkeys
One hundred and sixty meat type turkeys (1-day-old) were obtained from local hatchery, housed in the brooder units on wood shaving litter, and provided with feed and water ad libitum. Turkeys were kept in brooder pens in a disease-free facility with optimal rearing conditions for 14 days after hatch and transferred into separate rooms (forty turkeys/rooms) at a separate location where they were challenged and kept until the end of the experimental period [20, 21].
2.3. Challenge Infections
C. perfringens strain was isolated from the intestine of turkeys with severe necrotic gut lesions. The strain was characterized using previously described methods [3] and was classified as a type A strain (netB toxin positive). C. perfringens was obtained directly from triple sugar iron (TSI) media that were preserved in Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. The organism was cultured in nutrient agar and nutrient broth. The organism was stained with Gram's stain for morphological study. Biochemical tests for C. perfringens were performed following routine standard procedures. Bacterial culture was tested for the presence of netB gene before the inoculation as described previously [5, 22, 23]. Nutrient broth was used in order to determine the CFU of C. perfringens.
2.4. Experimental Design
Turkeys were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) each containing fifteen turkeys. Turkeys of group C were fed with antibiotic-free normal commercial diet from day 28 to day 35 after hatch and challenged orally on day 28 with 108 CFU/2.5 mL of C. perfringens inoculums for next consecutive three days as long term exposure trail [24, 25]. Turkeys of group D were fed with wheat barley based diet and challenged orally on day 28 with 108 CFU/2.5 mL of C. perfringens inoculums for consecutive three days, while turkeys in groups A and B (negative controls) received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) orally and were fed normal commercial diet and wheat based diet without antibiotics, respectively. Experimentally inoculated turkeys were observed every 24-hour interval up to day 35 after hatch (0–7 days after infection). In the experimental period the clinical signs, morbidity, and mortality were recorded. Body weights of all turkeys were measured on days 28 and 35 after hatch (days 0 and 7 after infection with C. perfringens) as described previously [2]. On day 36 after hatch, all turkeys from each group were necropsied for the study of gross lesions.
The severity of clinical signs and gross lesions was graded as severe (+++), moderate (++), mild (+), and almost normal [2, 25]. All histological examinations were conducted on 5 μm tissue sections cut on a Thermo Scientific Microm HM340E microtome (Microm International GmbH, Walldorf, Hessen, Germany) and floated onto Starfrost glass slides (ProSciTech, Thuringowa, QLD, Australia). Sections were stained with Lillie-Mayer's haematoxylin (Australian Biostain Pty Ltd., Traralgon, VIC, Australia) and then counterstained with eosin yellow and mounted in DPX medium (Apex Finechem Pty Ltd., Taron Point, NSW, Australia). Villus height, crypt depth, and villus width were measured from randomly selected villi and associated crypts on one section per turkey using a 42x magnification on an Olympus WH B10X20 microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and a Colorview Soft Imaging System CX41 camera (2048 1536 pixel resolution; Soft Imaging System, Brook-Anco Corp., Rochester, NY, USA) with the aid of the image analysis program, analySIS FIVE (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Villus height (μm) was measured from the tip of the villus to the villus-crypt transition. Crypt depth (μm) was measured from the base of the crypt to the villus-crypt transition [26]. Villus width (μm) was measured at the tip, midpoint, and base of the villus and the mean of these three measurements was calculated. Apparent villus surface area (μm2) was calculated using the formula [27]. Severity of histopathological lesions in different group of birds was graded as severe (+++) that indicates presence of reactive cells, congestion, necrosis, and sloughing off luminal epithelia. The moderate (++) indicates moderate presence of reactive cells, congestion, necrosis, and sloughing off luminal epithelia. The mild (+) indicates the mild presence of reactive cells, congestion, and necrosis. Almost normal indicates normal structure as described previously [2, 8, 25]. Lesion scores were evaluated in a blinded manner by three independent observers. The gross and microscopic lesions of sacrificed turkeys were recorded [13, 17, 24]. Blood samples were collected from turkeys after infection. Turkeys were physically restrained and blood collection was performed from the wing vein within 5 min of restraint. Blood samples were immediately transferred to ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) tubes and refrigerated. Blood smears were prepared immediately after blood collection. Samples were transported to the laboratory and analysed within 2–6 hr. Routine haematologic methods were used to determine the blood parameters [28]. Erythrocytes and leukocytes were counted manually using the Natt-Herrick staining solution and a Neubauer chamber. Haemoglobin was measured with the cyanmethemoglobin method. Differential leukocyte counts were performed manually for 100 cells on Rosenfeld-stained blood smears.
2.5. Statistical Analysis
All data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS 15.0 for Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). Mean values of treatment groups were compared using Duncan's multiple range tests. Anderson-Darling tests were applied to determine normality of blood profile data. Parameters following normal distribution were tested using ANOVA; post hoc comparisons were performed with the Tukey tests. Parameters not following normal distribution even after natural logarithm transformation were tested using Kruskal-Wallis tests; post hoc comparisons were performed using Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney tests. Significant level was for all tests.
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Signs
Turkeys fed wheat barley based diet and challenged with C. perfringens (Group D) exhibited significantly decreased body weight at day 7 after infection compared with challenged turkeys fed normal commercial diet (Table 2). Inoculated turkeys showed clinical signs, while control negative turkeys (groups A and B) remained healthy and active through the experiment. However, clinical signs were more prominent in turkeys of group D than of group C. The clinical signs of necrotic enteritis in group C turkeys were mild (+) yellowish diarrhoea, somnolence, and ruffled feathers. On the other hand, clinical signs in group D turkeys were severe sickness (+++) dark yellowish diarrhoea, depression, and anorexia. There was 30% mortality among turkeys of group D due to necrotic enteritis (confirmed through necropsy and laboratory findings). Sixty percent of turkeys of group D showed severe (+++) clinical signs while 35% of turkeys of group C showed only mild (+) clinical signs. Turkeys of groups A and B remained healthy and active through the experiment (Table 2).
3.2. Macroscopic Observations
At necropsy the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) was found congested especially in group D. The following were present: the foul smelling brown fluid and bubble in the duodenum, jejunum, and caecum, large amounts of haemorrhagic necrotic spots and epithelial debris in the lumen of the bowel, enlarged liver and heart, and haemorrhage on the base of the heart (Figure 1). All these lesions were graded as severe (+++). Turkeys of group C developed similar lesion as group D turkeys but with mild (+) severity. Turkeys of groups A and B showed no gross lesions in the intestine (Table 2). Turkeys fed wheat barley based diet and challenged with C. perfringens exhibited significantly increased intestinal lesion scores at day 7 after infection compared with challenged turkeys fed normal commercial diet. No differences in lesion scores were seen when comparing turkeys of group A versus turkeys of group B (Table 2).
3.3. Microscopic Observations
The histopathological features of the affected organs of experimental turkeys are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2. Turkeys of group D showed the sings of haemorrhage, congestion in submucosa of small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and sloughing off epithelium in small intestine. Focal necrosis in liver (hepatitis), haemorrhage, and accumulation of reactive cells were also found in epicardium of heart (epicarditis). The lesions in group D turkeys were graded as severe (+++). Group C showed the signs of haemorrhage and congestion in the submucosa of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). Haemorrhage and accumulation of reactive cells were also found in liver and heart, but all of the lesions were mild (+) in severity in comparing to the turkeys of group D (Figure 2). Turkeys of groups A and B appeared almost normal histopathology (± to +) in different organs. The villus height and width in the duodenum and ileum were lower and higher, respectively (), in group D than groups A and B. There was no significant difference () in the height and width of villi in groups A, B, and C. The cell area of the duodenum and jejunum displayed more decreasing values () in group D than C (Table 3). Haematological studies showed significant () influence of necrotic enteritis on the blood profile of turkeys in group D and revealed no change or nonsignificant change () in the blood parameters of groups A, B, and C as shown in Table 4.
4. Discussion
Necrotic enteritis is an emerging and devastating poultry disease caused by C. perfringens infection. The key risk factor for the development of necrotic enteritis is an intestinal environment that favours growth of C. perfringens. The nature of the diet is an important nonbacterial factor that influences the incidence of necrotic enteritis. Diets with high levels of indigestible, water-soluble, and nonstarch polysaccharides predispose to necrotic enteritis. On the other side, large amounts of protein in feed have also been associated with C. perfringens proliferation and the occurrence of necrotic enteritis. Having a diet with or changing the diet to one with high protein before the time of challenge seems to enhance the severity of necrotic enteritis although this effect has not been critically evaluated in detail. In general, protein-rich diets containing relatively high concentrations of poorly digestible proteins lead to high concentrations of protein in the gastrointestinal tract and thus act as substrates for the bacteria. The dietary fat source may also have an effect on the C. perfringens population. Animal fat increases C. perfringens counts compared with vegetable oil. Even the physical form of the feed may influence the incidence of necrotic enteritis. Feed containing some large-sized and many small-sized particles predisposes more to necrotic enteritis than feed containing particles uniform in size. Some of these effects may be related to differences in digesta viscosity, decreased nutrient digestibility, and prolonged intestinal transit time. Apart from the feed, any factor that causes stress in broiler chickens could predispose them to necrotic enteritis because it could alter the intestinal environment in such a way that the risk of induction of necrotic enteritis is elevated. Programmed alterations in the feeding regime (moving from starter diets to grower diets) are frequently associated with necrotic enteritis. Furthermore, immunosuppressive agents such as the viruses of chick anaemia, Gumboro disease, or Marek's disease reduce resistance to gut infections and may increase the severity of disease. Also, increases in stocking density predispose to necrotic enteritis. The best-known predisposing factor for necrotic enteritis is mucosal damage caused by coccidial pathogens, probably because leakage of proteins including plasma into the lumen of the gut during Coccidia infection provides the protein-rich nutrient substrates favourable to C. perfringens proliferation and toxin production. Coccidiosis is often seen to precede or occur concurrently with field outbreaks of necrotic enteritis [2, 4, 8, 29, 30]. Prior studies have demonstrated that experimental C. perfringens infection alone produces some of the clinical signs associated with necrotic enteritis on commercial poultry farms. Kaldhusdal and Skjerve [31] reported that C. perfringens isolates taken from field cases of necrotic enteritis in broilers, combined with wheat, produced greater weight loss, increased gut lesions, and higher mortalities compared with nonchallenged controls.
This study was undertaken to know the effect of a wheat rich diet on the pathology of necrotic enteritis caused by C. perfringens in turkey poults. The turkeys of group D challenged with C. perfringens 108 CFU/bird following feeding with wheat barley supplemented diet showed severe (+++) anorexia, depression, ruffled feathers, and diarrhoea and the incidence of infection was 60%. The turkeys of group C (challenged with C. perfringens 108 CFU/bird with normal feed) showed mild (+) clinical signs and the incidence of infection was 35% based on clinical signs and necropsy findings. The similar findings were also reported in broilers by Miah et al. [32].
In this study, wheat barley supplemented group of turkeys (group D) showed clinical signs like natural cases of necrotic enteritis. From this finding it is highly likely that wheat and barley enhanced viscosity of feed and developed an anaerobic environment in the lumen of intestine influencing the growth of C. perfringens. High amount of water-soluble indigestible NSP, for example, beta glucans and arabinoxylans in wheat, increases viscosity and prolongs transit time in intestine, leading to more favourable environment for the attachment and multiplication of C. perfringens. Secondly, NSP interact with glycoproteins of epithelial surface to increase mucin production [2, 15]. Almost similar clinical signs in experimental necrotic enteritis cases corresponded with the findings of other authors [9, 25]. Gross lesions in turkeys of group D as observed in this study corroborate the results of others [13, 17, 33, 34]. Damaging nature of toxins produced by C. perfringens may be the cause of necrotic spots on intestinal mucosa. C. perfringens causes chronic damage to the intestinal mucosa, which leads to decreased digestion and absorption, reduced weight gain, and increased feed-conversion ratio [6]. There was significant increase in width and decrease in villi height was shown by turkeys challenged and fed wheat barley based diet. Blood parameters showed significant changes in blood of turkeys in group D only but nonsignificant change for all other groups. Similar findings were documented by some other scientists in broilers [24, 34, 35]. This decrease in villus length may be due to more damaging effects of C. perfringens in the presence of wheat and barley and increase in villus width seems to be a result of a compensatory mechanism to increase the absorptive capacity in an attempt to assimilate any nutritional benefit from a hypoprotein diet. The impression smear from intestinal lumen showed short, thick, and Gram-positive rod shaped bacteria found in turkeys of group D later confirmed as netB positive C. perfringens. The finding was almost similar to that observed by Miah et al. [32]. The histopathological lesions described in this study corresponded with the findings of other investigators [18, 25, 29, 30]. This study did not cover the pathogenesis of changing of microecology in intestine produced by wheat and barley in turkeys. However, reports from published data describe that high level of NSP in diet like wheat increases the risk of occurrence of necrotic enteritis by causing high concentration of beta glucans and arabinoxylans levels in lower small intestine. This increased level may act as a triggering factor for overgrowth of C. perfringens and clinical necrotic enteritis [12, 31]. In this study, orally inoculated C. perfringens produced disease but the severity was mild. But feeding of excess wheat in association with C. perfringens caused more pathological lesions than only Clostridium treated group of turkeys. These results confirmed that the excess dietary wheat and barley have effect on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys. Additional studies are necessary to better understand the interactions between host and pathogen, as well as between pathogen and diet factors (C. perfringens, wheat) during avian necrotic enteritis.
Competing Interests
The authors declare that there are no competing interests regarding the publication of this paper. None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organisations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
The authors thank the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan, for providing funding for this study; Dr. Azim Ali Nasir (at Veterinary Research Institute Lahore, Pakistan) for providing the Clostridium perfringens strain; Dr. Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry for helpful discussions and scientific advice on preparation of the paper.
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TOP 10 world's most beautiful Indian brass lamps
Now we all know that brass is an expensive metal but india is the only country that has so many traditions and using Indian brass lamps is one of them.these traditional brass lamp is made up of pure brass and are of many shapes.
Tall brass lamp is usually on the stand where he wicks are placed on a certain height.
Brass is the only metal that has a unique shine and glow. Indian brass lamps has a unique style because these are probably used in worshiping their god.
Talking about the size, It comes in so many sizes and every size and shape is different and unique from others. Some indian brass lamps are made with the idol of their gods made on them, frequently speaking.
These brass lamps are placed either in their temple or at any place for the beauty and charm of its speciality. indian brass lamps design are the most beautiful lamps around the globe because they make them with pure heartedly and affection.


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Image source: pinterest.com
One of the biggest parts about traveling is the preparation, and one of the biggest mistakes is not preparing enough. It's understandable how people can get caught up in the excitement of going to a foreign land and exploring places they've only read in books or seen in movies. But it shouldn't keep them from doing their due diligence – especially if they're traveling alone.
When traveling solo, one can only rely on themselves for information. This is where research comes in. In today's world where information can be accessed with just a few clicks, swipes, and taps, it won't take 20 minutes for someone to learn about a place well enough to stay safe.
Yes, safety should be every traveler's number one priority. This is why 20 minutes of research can make a world of difference. With the information one gets from research, they can share information with relatives and loved ones in case something untoward happens.
Image source: theconversation.com
Research can also provide a person with relevant information such as the location of medical facilities and police stations in the area, should they need to go to these places while on the trip.
Beyond safety, research can also help travelers save money. They'd know where to find the most affordable food establishments, or how to use the cheapest mode of transportation, or even when to purchase the best discounts and better deals for accommodations.
Cox and Kings Global Services is a specialist business process outsource agency focused on serving the consular sections of diplomatic missions. The agency was incorporated in 2008. For more information about the company, visit this website.


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George A. Romero Speaks From The Lund IFFF: "I Am Writing A Comic For Marvel"
Being used to Godzilla and Hammer fare, which I loved but weren't scary to me (I had already experienced the mind-bomb that was Friedkin's The Exorcist by that time) I was the sarcastic one that night, more-so than my beloved cigar-chomping movie host. My "show me and prove it" attitude had given way to abject fear within 15 minutes of the film's beginning, and I spent the rest of that fateful viewing scared out of my little wits, right down to making my Mom come with me to the bathroom for pee breaks during the commercials.
As I got older I saw both Dawn/Day Of The Dead on first release in theaters, and while other kids noted Star Wars as their favorite trilogy, I held up Romero's Dead films as the series as my favorite films of all time (along with the aforementioned The Exorcist). Nowadays as a contributor to both thsi site and the long running horror film bible Fangoria, I still look to those first three films in Romero's Dead universe as some of the greatest fright films made, ever. With their sometimes not-so-subtle social metaphors, and all the wonderfully visceral fx, to say Romero and his work have had a profound impact on my life would be an understatement.
Luckily, this Creature Features kid has had the opportunity to now have an audience with The King Of Zombies not once, but twice. First was at ZomBcon in Seattle, where we had a 90 minute discussion in front of an intimate crowd, which was just about as life changing for me as the first time I saw the man's NotLD. The second is thanks to my friend, Christian Hallman, who hooked me up with the always affable and genuine Romero, who was recently serving as a judge at the wonderful Lund International Fantastic Film Festival over in Sweden, where Christian serves as a director of programming. The following interview is the result of that conversation, and if you enjoy it even a fraction as much as I enjoyed conducting it, my work here will be done.
So without any more hyperbole, here is the man who brought the celluloid apocalypse shambling forth on dead legs and changed the face of terror forever.
TWITCH - So what time is it over there in Lund, George?
GEORGE A. ROMERO - It's twenty to three, in the afternoon. What time is it where you are?
TWITCH - It's about twenty to six in the early morning. It's dawn...and I'm dead! [laughter at the crummy pun] Ok ok, bad joke. It's early and I'm not on my game yet! But anyway, how are you enjoying your visit to Sweden?
ROMERO - Well, as you know, I'm here for the Lund International Fantastic Film Fest, which is a sister festival to Sitges and many other Fantastic Film festivals that I have attended. They invited me here, and asked me to be on the jury, and it's great. So here I am, looking forward to seeing some films.
TWITCH - So are you just hanging out, or are you over there also for the new updated Document Of the Dead, the Roy Frumkes documentary?
ROMERO - Well, no. But Roy is updating the film, and he'll even be shooting at my funeral! But I'm not here with any specific film, I'm here to look at films, and pick as a jurist, one to award the prize.
TWITCH - Very cool. No pressure on the other genre film makers then!
ROMERO - [laughs] I hope not.
TWITCH - This being a general discussion, I guess we can kind of go all over the place. To really open things up...the rules of your zombie films, man. For nerds like me your word comes from on high, and we embrace what you lay down almost like it's Asimov's Laws Of Robotics. Yet you yourself don't really adhere to them film to film, which of course drives us uber fans a little crazy, and has started many a good natured argument in many a horror convention hall!
ROMERO - Oh I'm sure it has, and I've been involved in many of those arguments myself. I think NotLD is the only film where I hadn't really thought about rules yet, I hadn't developed the zombies yet? I didn't even call them zombies in that first film. I don't know...the only thing I've really changed is do they eat something other than human flesh, and that's really in the last film. But, then again, in the first film, NotLD they were eating bugs off trees. I think those are the only, you know [laughs] where have I gone astray otherwise? You tell me.
TWITCH - Are we ever going to see the proposed sequel with the survivalist guys who have the warehouse in Diary?
ROMERO - I don't know. I don't know if that's the one I want to make. You know if it comes time to make another one, I just don't know. I'm kind of waiting for something else to happen in the world.
TWITCH - You should move back to the states, it's happening here buddy!
ROMERO - Yeah I know, I know. I don't know how to do an economic crises among the zombies though!
TWITCH - You've said if you were ever given something like fifty-million dollars, you'd just make ten five-million dollar movies. In that regard, what is next? Or even what is the next project you'd dream to make? Is there a novel out there you want to adapt, even non-dead related?
ROMERO - I am in fact adapting a novel right now, and it is a zombie novel, but it's not my kind of zombies. It's a novel called The Zombie Autopsies written by a Harvard medical doctor. It's a wonderful book and I'm having a wonderful time adapting it into a screenplay. I am also working on an original story, which I guess if I had to categorize it, I would say it's a psychological thriller. it's....mmm, Psycho like? But it's not really. I don't know how to tell you anything more without giving it away. But in reality I don't actually know for sure what the next one is going to be. It often comes up out of the blue. You just don't know which one the money is going to come through for. I am also writing a comic for Marvel. I'm writing it now, but it's plot is a secret.
TWITCH - Awww c'mon George, just a little nibble? A tid bit?
ROMERO - Well I can tell you it won't involve any of their on-going characters, there will be no superheroes. But it will involve zombies!
TWITCH - I know that you prefer to look ahead, and don't watch much of your own work after it's complete. I wonder how you, for lack of a better term, "calibrate" your work. In that regard too, what kind of director do you see yourself as?
ROMERO - I see myself as a director who is still learning. I'm still learning how to control the pencil. That's it. As far as calibrating my own work? I don't know. I get an idea for a film and I act on it. I sit down and bang out a script. But that goes back to it's all about getting the financing. I've written a dozen scripts for every one I've gotten to shoot. I try not to get too attached to anything I write. I mean I've been involved in some big projects, that looked like they were sure -fire, then never happened. I had a project at MGM called Before I Wake. I wrote a script for The Mummy that got approved, before the version we ended up seeing. But MGM wouldn't let me out of the original deal, so that's another one that never happened. I was on Goosebumps The Movie (from the RL Stein series) and was positive that was going to get made. Didn't happen.
TWITCH - Talking about sitting down at writing a dozen scripts to one that's made, how hard is the writing process for you?
ROMERO - Well, if I have an idea I like it actually comes pretty easily. Obviously you face the blank page initially, but yeah when I have what I think is a good idea it flows pretty easily. I try to get through a first draft as quickly as possible, then it's easier to play around with revisions and all that. It's much more pliable.
TWITCH - Since you've moved to Canada, have things changed for you as an artist? Or does it even make a difference?
ROMERO - You know that's hard to say. One thing is the crews have a much greater higher work ethic. That's my opinion. Back in Pittsburgh with my old crew and friends, we had a great time and everything was wonderful. Once I was bounced out of that and Pittsburgh went south and there wasn't much production, it became a lot of hire-on guys, who were just sort of doing a job, and I really got sort of upset with that. I was used to people who really cared about the projects we were doing, and it was just great. So I think I've found that again in Canada, and I work pretty much the same people on every project. It's kind of back to the old days of having really cooperative and very creative crew people, that you can bounce ideas around with. True collaborators.
TWITCH - We spoke at length at the first ZomBcon in Seattle, and about your favorite filme Tales Of Hoffman in particular. I know you wonder why someone would watch Dawn Of The Dead two hundred times (guilty here!), and considering that, what you say to your fans who may not have ever seen a Bergman film such as The Virgin Spring (which was remade as Last House On The Left), or an Antonioni film like Blow-Out (which influenced your friend Dario Argento profoundly) ?
ROMERO - Well those types of films have always fit into my life. Back in the days when I was in college for example, those films were hit. They were coming in on regular theatrical runs back then, so it was easy to find them. My friends and I went to see all kinds of European films, more-so than the American stuff. There were screens that would only show those films, so we were always going to see a Bergman, or a Fellini, or something else. We were well exposed to those things. Today no one is exposed to them.
You got to Pittsburgh today and no one is showing them except for the film society. We can't even see them in Toronto. There's one theater that occasionally brings in so-called serious films. But what is it? It's something like The King's Speech, which is actually a biggie that is already reaching in audience through Canada and the USA. But what would I say to anyone? Go find them. Go to Netflix, go to Hulu, go where you need to find them. Any thoughtfully made film is part of the vocabulary and very important.
SCREENANARCHY - Wonderfully said sir. Look out Lund, here come da judge!
ROMERO - (laughter)
And at that, once again I say what an honor it was to speak with Mr. Romero again. A true independent, who lives to work.
Remember to keep your eyes peeled ScreenAnarchistss for more interviews conducted from the Lund International Fantastic Film Festival, coming over the next few days.
An expanded version of this interview can also be heard soon on The Night Crew podcast. Updates coming!
Are there still people who would get excited by a new George Romero zombie project?
definitely more than there are for a new comment from you
kick-ass, man.. just today I saw this tweet (RT'ed by Neil Gaiman, by the way) about some kind of campaign to get George Romero a star in that Hollywood-thing.. the guy deserves a lot of recognition. A lot.
Oh snap!
Am I supposed to be insulted that you think I'm less popular than a legendary director?
I know that was supposed to be some amazing burn towards me, but it's also an incredibly backhanded compliment towards Mr Romero, so, well done on your part!
"It's about twenty to six in the early morning. It's dawn...and I'm dead!"
It wasn´t that bad....Romero seemed to like it.
A psychological thriller from Romero would be nice, thanks for the interview Mr Smithson.


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Like these J.W. Hulme Co. bags.
|Mini Excursion Satchel
|Linwood Bucket Bag
Based in the good ole U S of A, they have been hand-making leather, purses and accessories since 1905. Found these while exploring the Anthropologie gift guide. Two of my favorite things about these bags? They come with a lifetime guarantee and they can be monogrammed.
|Legacy Shoulder Bag
|With Monogram
I am beyond obsessed and thinking about calling an audible on my Christmas list and requesting one of these gorgeous bags.
Their website is really worth checking out. Anthropologie's collection is only the beginning - many more styles and amazing colors online.
Have you heard of J.W. Hulme Co.?


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Our Seismic bases are specially sized boxes that allow you to protect your products or artwork from being dislodged by bumps or shakes. Used with our super-strong wood pedestals, these bases can greatly increase the stability and security of your pedestal. THESE WEIGHT BOXES ARE SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED FOR OUR STANDARD RECTANGULAR PEDESTALS AND MUSEUM PEDESTALS. However, custom weight bases can be produced for any of our display pedestals. Please call us for details.
To use, the box is placed on the floor where the pedestal will be located. The base is then filled with your ballast materials (gravel, sand, lead shot, marbles or even concrete). The pedestal is slid over the top of the filled base providing increased stability!
All Seismic Anti-Tip Base are produced in the US, under strict quality control policies, with attention to detail.Our experienced staff, combined with state of the art CNC equipment, allow us to build seismic anti-tip base fast and ship to your home, store or gallery promptly.
Special Note: Wood is a living thing. Each pedestal is unique. Every natural grain, color and tone will vary and enhance over time.
WW Pedestals - Display Pedestal manufacturer.
Browse our online display pedestal catalogue or contact us for a custom request.


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Partnership with Fudan University
PolyU partners with Fudan University to jointly design a series of entrepreneurship education programmes for young entrepreneurs in Hong Kong and Shanghai. The first programme - High Potential Entrepreneurial Leadership (HiPEL) Programme was launched in the summer of 2013, in which a group of 30 Hong Kong and Shanghai entrepreneurs participated. The Programme aims to further build their entrepreneurial leadership and to re-align their business models to achieve sustainable development. Following the encouraging success in the last summer, the Programme will continue in the coming summers.
Apart from the HiPEL Programme, a Shanghai-Hong Kong University Students Entrepreneurship Bootcamp is organized in the summer.
Innovation & Entrepreneurship Training Programme for Startup Founders
A series of short term training workshops are designed and soon to be launched for startup founders who are eager to enhance their skills and knowledge on selected areas like Design Thinking, Entrepreneurial Risk Management, etc.
Out-of-Classroom Learning
A series of out-of-classroom learning opportunities as extra-mural activities to augment traditional classroom learning:
- Entrepreneurs Sharing Seminars
- Social Innovation & Entrepreneurship Seminars
- Study Missions & Visits
- Entrepreneurship Bootcamp
- Forum & Conference
Online Entrepreneurship Learning Tools
Online Self-paced Entrepreneurship Learning Tool and a Startup Portal (www.starthub.hk) are currently under development.
Entrepreneurship Bootcamp
A 3-day entrepreneurship training camp was designed to guide students to develop their entrepreneurial ideas / projects with mentor support.
From Research to Business
A month-long training programme: From Research to Business: Nurturing Techno-preneurs was organized specifically for research students with a "flip classroom" approach, using both online learning tool and face-to-face workshops. Participants appreciated the opportunities and what it would take to commercialize their research outcome.


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That's what kinds of car insurance companies.
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The eight-year-old Dalit girl whose semi-nude body was recovered from a sugarcane field in Pilibhit district Friday was brutally raped and sodomised. The minor also tried to fight off her assailants but was badly beaten up before being strangulated to death. The facts came to fore in the autopsy report submitted by the doctors Saturday.
As per the report, the girl had sustained serious injuries on her private parts. Signs of struggle were visible on her body and she had cut marks on hands, lips, eyes and chest.
Following the revelations made in the autopsy, police added Sections 376 (rape), 377 (sodomy) of IPC and Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO) Act in the FIR lodged at Bisalpur police station following a complaint by the victim's father, said Pilibhit's SP (City) Ram Suresh Yadav.
On Friday, the police had lodged a murder FIR.
"Four persons were detained for interrogation. While three have been let go, one is still being questioned," Yadav said.
Meanwhile, at the victim's home, her mother remained inconsolable. "I won't be able to sleep ever. I still hear her asking me not to send her to school," said the wailing mother.
The semi-nude body of the girl was found a day after she had gone missing after she was reportedly sent home alone by her school teacher for failing to deposit her fee. Following the incident, the district administration came to know that the private school where she was studying was being run without recognition from the state education department. The school has been sealed.


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A fast moving lilt makes for an easily digestible pop song.
If you are a Pandora subscriber/user (I am not), you'll find that some of their musical suggestions are based on meter. Typically in pop songs, when you have symmetrical compound meter, like 6/8 or 12/8 time, the songs are slower and more lilting. This song is a good example of 12/8 time that moves very quickly. If you have students playing a piece that's in a quick 6/8 or 12/8 time, this might be a good listening example to reinforce playing 6/8 at a fast tempo.
Why do we call it symmetrical compound meter? It's all about the subdivsion. In simple meter, you would divide the beat in two, essentially by eighth notes (and further by sixteenth notes) -- think "one-and two-and three-and four-and." In compound meter, at least some of the beats are divided into three rather than two -- think "one-pu-let two-pu-let", or in terms of words, "strawberry strawberry." However you want to count that; I'm not up on the latest research as to what helps students to best subdivide (but there is research done on the subject). Either way, this song is a good listening example.
"The Way You Make Me Feel" - Michael Jackson
Intro: Quite possibly the most famous American performer of the 20th century, the man known as the King of Pop was unusual also in that the second act of his career was even larger than the first, even with the massive success of the Jackson 5. "The Way You Make Me Feel" was the third single in a row from Jackson's 1987 Bad album to reach #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 Chart and it reached #1 in Ireland as well. The song was written by Jackson, who also co-produced it with longtime collaborator Quincy Jones. This song serves as another portion of Jackson's legacy, which includes multiple Guiness World Records (including Most Successful Recording Artist), 13 Grammys, and the biggest selling record of all time.
Analysis: With a quick tempo and lilting feel, this song serves as a good example of symmetrical compound meter. Published in 12/8 time, this song is a good listening example to use as students learn to play in that particular time signature.
Considerations for Teaching: Students are very familiar with Jackson's ouvre. This song is slightly less known by students, but their reaction to Jackson's music is generally positive. In hindsight, the video for this song has been criticized for promoting cat-calling, and the subject of the song is a narrative of Jackson trying to get the attention of a beautiful woman, but generally speaking, the song contains no offensive material.


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ENGINEERED HARDWOOD FLOORING VS LAMINATE Wood Flooring
- 1.1 Engineered Hardwood Flooring | Lumber Liquidators
- 1.2 Wood Vs. Laminate Flooring: Which One is Right for You? Yahoo
- 1.3 HARDWOOD FLOORS | HOMESTEAD TIMBERS The Nations Premiere
- 1.4 Hardwood Flooring Types: Solid VS Engineered VS Laminate
- 1.5 Laminate vs. Engineered Hardwood | eHow.com
- 1.6 Hardwood vs. Laminate Flooring | Article by FindAnyFloor.com
- 1.7 Real Wood, or Laminate Flooring? Im lost.
- 1.8 Laminate Vs. Engineered | Engineered Hardwood Flooring
- 1.9 Comparing hardwood flooring and laminate flooring
- 1.10 Solid/Engineered hardwood VS Laminate flooring? Yahoo! Answers
- 1.11 Why an engineered hardwood floor rather than a laminate flooring
- 1.12 Engineered versus Solid Hardwood Flooring Construction | Efloors.com
Engineered Hardwood Flooring | Lumber Liquidators
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Please visit https://candaceboggan.contently.com/ to view my complete portfolio.
Samples of published travel work:
Basking in the Grandeur of the French Riviera
Expat at the Helm, America's CEO, James Henderson, of Ferretti Group
By Candace Boggan, May 2014, Global Living Magazine
Candace Boggan has worked with and/or interviewed an extensive list of individuals throughout her travels and professional network. She has contacts from Canada to Africa, and all points in between. Her (writing/content) work has been featured in Global Living Magazine, Upscale Living Magazine, on A Luxury Travel Blog, Wayfaring.me, with Creative Edge Public Relations, as well as throughout various other companies and social media outlets. If you have interest in partnering with Candace on a future project, please contact us directly at firstname.lastname@example.com


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The steep and rugged Siskiyou Mountains dominating eastern Del Norte County are riddled with hundreds of miles of old logging and mining roads, and county gravel roads connecting, providing many ideal opportunities for off-highway vehicles, like ATVs and dirtbikes.
But off-highway vehicle (OHV) use on the roads winding across the Smith River National Recreation Area has long been on the short side. To promote these recreation opportunities, Del Norte County has received a $54,110 grant to develop an OHV master plan, of sorts, with most of the funding going towards four-wheel drive vehicles that can scout the terrain.
1375 Hits


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Our Work Gallery
Iron Railings Toronto / GTA
Railings crafted from iron offer a stylish and attractive design element for both the inside and outside of a property. They are available in a seemingly endless array of options to suit everyone regardless of specification, cost or building style. For exterior use they are extremely robust, able to withstand harsh environments and will last for many years without losing their quality finish and appearance.
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Wrought iron railings have become increasingly more popular than traditional wood railings for interior design projects because of the extensive variety of styles possible with this versatile material. Iron railings will enhance any interior; the design of wrought spindles or railings can satisfy any tastes from contemporary modern to classic traditional, unadorned or luxurious and opulent.
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Whatever style appeals to you, there are railings in our collection for everyone from simple, clean-cut and geometric lines through curvy and gothic designs to ornate and 'baroque'.
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If you look to the next lane and see two 18-wheelers roar past at 70 mph with just 10 yards between them, you'll probably think they are dangerously close. In this high-tech age, that may no longer be true. In fact, it might be just the opposite, and it might even end up saving you money. A wave of new technology intended to make trucks safer — using radar, cameras and reflective light scanning — is sweeping the industry. By next year, much of it may be combined to put pairs of trucks on the road at a distance that before would not have been possible or safe.
Read full article by Ashley Halsey III in the Washington Post