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News & Blog
Hi Shareholders!
I realize we just sent you an email however, I had to share this recipe with you. I found it on "riddlelove" a fun blog about organic farming and menu planning. We will have 10 pound bags of tomatoes for sale tomorrow/Thursday and this soup freezes great!
Creamy Tomato Bisque
Serves 6
- About 8 cups tomatoes
- 4 Tablespoons bacon grease (Just do it. Trust me on this one. Or use butter if it's too much to wrap your mind around.)
- 1 onion, minced
- 1 carrot, sliced
- 1 stalk celery, sliced
- 1/4 cup arrowroot powder whisked into 1/4 cup cold water
- 1 quart chicken stock
- Several sprigs of thyme tied together
- 1 pinch (or 2 or 3) red pepper flakes
- Freshly ground pepper to taste
- 4 (or 5 or 6) cloves garlic, minced
- 1 cup créme fraiche
- 1 1/2 teaspoons Celtic sea salt
- Several fresh basil leaves, cut chiffonade-style
- Freshly-grated Parmesan cheese
- Ground pepper (it's such a pretty finish)
- A drizzle of balsamic vinegar (you kinda need this one)
- Purée tomatoes in blender (a high-speed like a Vita-Mix is best) until thoroughly blended.
- Heat soup pot with bacon grease until melted and add onion, carrot, and celery. Sauté until the onions are translucent. Briefly whisk in arrowroot powder/water mixture. It might become gelatinous but it will thin out as you continue with the recipe. Add stock and puréed tomatoes and continue to whisk until it's brought to a boil.
- Turn heat to medium-low and add thyme sprigs, red pepper flakes, and pepper. Keep the top open and allow soup to reduce to about 1/3 (about 45 minutes to 1 hour), stirring occasionally.
- Turn off heat and compost thyme sprigs. If you don't mind your soup a little lumpy, add remaining ingredients, run an emersion blender through it, and you're good to go. If you're like my husband and enjoy the bisque as smooth as possible, you may also want to pour it through a sieve, composting any chunks.
Dear Shareholders,
We wanted to remind you of a few things coming up for the CSA!
Please join us for our fall potluck, Sunday October 6th 1- 4 p.m. If you would like to do the corn maze and take a hay ride while you are here, tickets are $5/$10 for a family. Please bring a dish to share (we will have power if you want to keep yours warm) and meet us under the Prairie Canopy tent which is on the far side of the Visitor Center when you arrive in the parking lot. We will have beer, lemonade, water and ice tea as well. We hope to see you all there!
Our much coveted Chatfield honey is available for purchase starting this Thursday (10/3) at distribution. Tuesday members will have the chance to purchase honey as well next week. Pint jars and half pints are available and please don't worry if we sell out - our bee keepers, Bob and Josie Dolezal will supply us with more!
Ela Farms, our apple growers unfortunately will not have apple seconds available for purchase this year. Because of the late snow in May the apple trees lost their blossoms in those storms making supply limited this year – in fact, it pays to be CSA members - a lot of other vendors have not received any Ela fruit this year because they are saving all fruit for their CSA/markets only.
The Chatfield CSA staff is hoping to make it through the end of October for distributions which would make the 29th and 31st the last day for both distributions. Thanks so much for enjoying the ride with us!
If you have any questions, we have had problems with our CSA email. We apologize if you have tried to contact us and we have not replied. Please send any urgent inquiries to: email@example.com for quicker assistance!
Thanks everyone!
Dear Shareholders,
Happy fall! The CSA is switching gears for the colder temperatures and you'll see more of our cool weather crops at distribution. The summer favorites are winding down, but we'll still have tomatoes, peppers and basil this week.
Important Reminders:
CSA Fall Potluck- The Rain Check Edition: Sunday, October 6, 1-4 p.m.
We were so sad to miss seeing everyone at the potluck last month, but we are going to give it another shot! Join us next Sunday. We will be in the large Prairie Canopy tent on the far side of the Chatfield Visitor Center. Please park in the upper CSA parking lot.
Leaf Drop
Donate your leaves to the CSA!! Our compost pile is pretty heavy on nitrogen rich rotting tomatoes and we would love to adopt your leaves to help balance the carbon/nitrogen ratio. Please bring bags of pesticide/herbicide/fungicide/chemical-free leaves to the Chatfield distribution or to the Fall Potluck.
Permaculture Design Class at Chatfield:
Saturday, October 5, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Learn the principles, ethics and techniques of nature-inspired permaculture from Jim Gibson and Mary O'Brien. Permaculture is a design system based on the joining of indigenous wisdom practices with current ecological activism. Permaculture reminds us that "everything gardens" and teaches a sustainable worldview that presents a systematic approach for gardening, lifestyle and being. Participants will learn how to build soil fertility, integrate systems and work with nature to create more resilient designs.
Pumpkin Festival: October 11-13, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Embrace the fall season at this year's Pumpkin Festival. This three day event is a great tradition for the entire family where thousands of pumpkins will be ripe for picking in our 10-acre patch. Families can enjoy live music by Stray Dog Colorado, face painting, pumpkin carving demonstrations, pumpkin bowling and much more. The popular monster hand-building station will return and kids can enjoy pony rides, amusement rides, balloon twists, giant coloring murals and a cookie decorating station.
Produce list for October 1- 3
Rainbow carrots
Watermelon radishes
Red cabbage
Red potatoes
Hot and sweet peppers
Thai basil
Weekly bread: garlic rosemary
Fruit share: two bags of pears and appples
Featured recipe: Legim, a Haitian Vegetable Stew
A tropical favorite from seasonal grower, Lena Tenenbaum
I lived in Haiti for about two years and fell in love with the flavorful Haitian stews cooked over charcoal stoves. I often cooked meals with friends and neighbors and there was one dish that always made my palate sing: Legim. I've adapted the recipe, as not all ingredients are available in the U.S., skipped some processed ingredients like tomato paste, and I've made it vegetarian. Traditionally, crab or goat is added to the stew and I would definitely recommend that step for omnivores.
1/2 head of cabbage
1 onion or leek
1 lb potatoes
3 carrots
2 sweet peppers
3 tbsp olive oil
3-5 hot peppers, habanero is best, but even a sweet pepper will do if you don't want spiciness (pepper is left whole, so flavor permeates, but doesn't get very spicy)
2-4 tomatoes, chopped
1/2 can coconut milk
15 whole cloves
8 sprigs of fresh thyme, tied together OR 1 tbsp dried thyme
4-6 cups of stock (vegetable, chicken or beef) add at the beginning OR 2-3 bouillon cubes crumbled, added at end
Salt and pepper to taste
Optional ingredients to add at the beginning:
Green papaya, skinned
Chayote squash, skinned
Spinach or arugula or amaranth
Watermelon radish
Saute onions in oil until translucent in large pot. Cut up vegetables and place in a pot. They will get mashed later, so big pieces are fine. Cover with stock and add tomatoes (if using bouillon cubes, just cover with water for now and add cubes near the end). Boil until veggies are soft. Take out carrots and set aside. Strain out most of the liquid into a separate bowl and using a pestle or masher or forks, mash vegetables until lumpy. Add liquid back in as well as coconut milk. Stick cloves into peppers, keeping them whole, and let them float on top of stew with the thyme for 15 minutes or more. Taste occasionally and remove clove peppers and/or thyme when desired flavor is reached. I've found the thyme flavor boils off, so best to serve shortly after removing thyme. Slice carrots and return them to the pot. Voila! Dinner is ready!
Serve with rice, polenta, or fried plantains. Li gou!! It's delicious!!
Grower's Perspective- Season Extension
By Lena Tenenbaum
Sing with me folks...."It's the tiiiiime of the seaaaason for....REEMAY!!!" Okay, maybe that wasn't the sixties classic you were expecting but it's the version that's been stuck in my head as the team tucks in all of our crops for the fall. We use a product called floating row cover, or reemay, which is a permeable fabric that allows sunlight and rain in and keeps bugs and cold out. It also shades fragile plants in the high heat of summer.
We create mini hoop houses by pounding pieces of rebar in to the soil and using them to anchor arches of PVC pipe that hoop over the beds. Then we drape the reemay over the hoops and anchor the system with sand bags. I'm still deciding whether this is high tech farming or so simple, it's silly. With lightweight reemay, we get quite a few degrees of temperature protection and with our first light frost already under our belt, we need all the degrees we can get. We also use greenhouse plastic at times, which is impermeable and provides even more protection.
Another trick we have up our sleeves is succession planting. We choose cold-hardy crops like kale, broccoli, cabbage, and chard and seed varieties such as carrots, beets, radishes, and spinach every few weeks so that there's always something ready for distribution.
If you're a hardcore gardener and want to try this at home, a great technique I learned gives up to 30 degrees of temperature protection. Hoop the PVCs over your garden bed, wrap them in holiday lights (non LED), and cover with greenhouse plastic. On cold nights, turn on the lights to heat your mini greenhouse. If it gets super cold, put some space blankets on the plastic, reflective side down, and enjoy greens in 0 degree weather!
Happy fall and may the harvest fun continue!!
Dear shareholders,
Below you will see our produce list for this week: Sep.23 to Sep.28.
*This list is tenative and subject to change
Easter egg radishes
Winter squash
Head lettuce or Salad mix
In addition to the produce, we will be hosting MMLocal at both distributions this week. Please read below for more information:
Eat Local, All Year Round - MM Local Harvest Shares - Sign-ups Available at your next pick up
MM Local partners with local, organic farms (like The Chatfield CSA) to preserve their fresh produce during the peak harvest months. The Harvest Share program allows people to pre-order a mix of the delicious fruits and vegetables that MM Local preserves throughout the season. You pick it up at one or two easy pick ups in November and January, and can continue to savor delicious local fruits and veggies, all year round.
Learn more about MM Local and their Harvest Shares on their web site http://mmlocalfoods.com/harvestshare/. MM Local will be sampling many of the products that will be in this year's Shares and taking sign-ups at both the York and Chatfield distributions this week!
Thanks, have a great week everyone!
Dear Shareholders,
The potluk has been rescheduled to Sunday, October 6, from 1 - 4 p.m. We hope you all can make it and for those in Downtown Denver, this date should provide much less traffic! We will be in the large Prairie Canopy tent on the far side of the Chatfield Visitor Center. Please park in the upper CSA parking lot and join us at 1 p.m.
We are asking that all CSA shareholders send us your season's favorite recipe. We would like to share these tasty ideas with our community and hopefully learn new ways to cook the excellent produce coming out of Chatfield. Who know's - maybe this could turn into a book at some point! firstname.lastname@example.com
Our fall crops are defintely in! With giant cabbages and broccolis, the cooler weather has given these crops quite a perk. We will have potatoes next week and continue to offer the warmer weather crops such as tomatoes, peppers, basil and eggplant. We have already begun the harvest process for our winter squash and it's looking like it will be a promising crop this year.
The wild plant class takes place this Saturday at 9 a.m. at Chatfield.
It is called "Wild Things Walk: Identification and Uses of Wild Plants for Food and Medicine".
link for registration details on all Chatfield CSA classes.
produce list for september 16 - 20
sweet and hot peppers
cucumbers or summer squash
salad mix
easter egg radish
tomatoes plus $10 tomato bags
Yukon gold potatoes
$10 bags of tomatillos
weekly bread: sourdough
weekly fruit: 2 small bags of pears and apples
featured recipe: BLT salad- we try to feature veggie recipes through our newsletter but this salad is so yummy we had to sneak a little bacon into the mix! Hopefully you can use up any extra tomatoes from last week!
4 heads of baby butterhead lettuce or 1/2 pound salad mix with arugula
8 strips of thick-cut applewood-smoked bacon
4 heirloom tomatoes
8 oz. bleu cheese, goat cheese or sharp white cheddder
1/2 slice sourdough bread, sauteed in garlic and oil until crisp. Chop into small bits after cooking
*sea salt and coarse pepper a must on the top of this salad!
Cook the bacon to a crisp. Drain the excess fat and let the bacon rest on paper towels. While the bacon is cooking, wash the lettuce and tomatoes. Pat dry. Separate lettuce, slice tomatoes and crumble bleu cheese. Arrange on plate. Add warm, crumbled bacon to salad. Serve immediately. You can add a buttermilk ranch or garlic mayo dressing to this salad as well, however if you use bleu cheese crumbles you wil havel a rich flavor already. Add homemade crutons.
We hope you all have a great week and please send us your recipes!
Email us at email@example.com
We are rescheduling our favorite potluck of the year, access to the corn maze is difficult, and Chatfield overall is incredibly mucky and wet. We will find a date for the potluck in the near future so everyone can enjoy the corn maze, delicious food, free beer and friends.
Distribution tonight is still taking place, please wear your mud boots and bring a jacket! Our fruit partners, Ela Farms is severly behind their delivery schedule and may not make it out to Chatfield in time for distribution this evening due to road closures. They will work out an alternative pick up time at Chatfield this week so everyone can still get their two bags of fruit.
We will keep you all posted if there are additional changes that our shareholders need to be aware of.
We thank you all for your ongoing support of the farm and our partners.
The Chatfield CSA
Dear Shareholders,
Please note that our distribution will be on the bottom level of the parking garage today 9/10 due to the forecasted rain. You will see our tables on the south end of the bottom level as soon as you drive in off York St. Please drive slowly to ensure safety for all.
Don't forget to buy your storage/sauce making tomato bags! $10 for 10 pounds!
Thanks all!
Dear Shareholders,
We would like to highlight some of the amazing CSA events we recently had at Chatfield. Our produce buyer and donation partner, Beverly Grant -- who runs the Five Point Farmer's stands, Mo' Betta Greens -- hosted a fun dinner for local food and farming partners called a Celebration of Hands. The event honored all the people in our community who have been working all summer to provide Denver with food, specifically food with integrity! Local chefs, a karaoke dj, Little Man Ice Cream with a pop up coffee bar and food donated by many wonderful organizations made the event great! We also hosted an event for the Gardens membership and research department along with members of D.U.G's Master Gardener's program for a night of education and delicious CSA-inspired food, prepared by Susan Evans. Susan teaches cooking classes for the CSA including the last weekend's tomato class. Thanks to our CSA staff for helping out with all of the events we have at the CSA!
Please join us this THURSDAY for the FALL POTLUCK, 5:30 – 8:30p.m.
We will meet in the Green Farm Barn at 5:30 p.m., with dishes to share. If you have to pick up your CSA share at Chatfield first, you can your bags of produce in our walk-in cooler during the potluck. For $10 a family (or car load) or $5 individual you can go through our corn maze before it officially opens and enjoy unlimited jumps on our giant bouncing pillow! Enjoy food prepared by other CSA members and explore the beautiful place that grows your produce. Please park in the upper lot when you arrive, pick up your CSA share if you need to and head to the barn. We will provide drinks, just please bring a dish for six people to share and other picnic items. We hope to see you there!
Produce list for Sep. 9-15
*this list tentative and subject to change
Chard (with a few small holes)
Arugula or Head Lettuce
Watermelon Radish
Herb Choice
Large canning bags of tomatoes again - $10 a bag
* Next week Yukon gold potatoes!
Weekly Bread: Cranberry Walnut
Weekly Fruit: 2 small bags of pears, peaches or apples. Now we have the smaller bags please be sure to let a volunteer help you to choose the right combination of fruit bags!
Featured recipes for the week: Gazpacho or watermelon radish salad
Susan Evans, CSA cooking instructor
6 ripe tomatoes, peeled and chopped
1 red onion, finely chopped
1 cucumber, peeled, seeded, chopped (you can use two lemon cukes)
1 sweet red bell pepper (or green) seeded and chopped
2 stalks celery if you have it, chopped
1-2 Tbsp. chopped fresh parsley
2 Tbsp. chopped fresh chives
1 clove garlic, minced
1/4 cup red wine vinegar
1/4 cup olive oil
2 Tbsp. freshly squeezed lemon juice
2 teaspoons sugar, agave or honey
Salt and fresh ground pepper to taste
6 or more drops of Tabasco sauce to taste
1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce
4 cups tomato juice
Combine all ingredients in blender. Blend slightly, to desired consistency. Place in non-metal, non-reactive storage container, cover tightly and refrigerate overnight, allowing flavors to blend. Toppings can include sour cream, chives, shredded cheese and croutons. You could also mound cooked shrimp or crab to ritz it up a notch – make a parmesan cluster to float on top as well.
Watermelon radish salad
From Eating Local by Janet Fletcher
1 large bunch of arugula
1 small fennel bulb or the bottom of fennel stalks
1 large watermelon radish or two small ones
Ricotta salata cheese (3 oz)
3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
1 Tablespoon fresh lemon juice
1 teaspoon fish sauce
1 clove garlic
Sea salt/pepper
1. Put the arugula in a bowl.
2. Shave the fennel with a mandoline or veggie peeler or knife
3. Half the radish then slice thinly into bowl like fennel
4. In a separate bowl, whisk together the rest of the ingredients in a bowl for the dressing (not the cheese)
5. Toss the veggies with a small amount of dressing – only enough to lightly coat everything.
6. Shave the ricotta salata thinly into salad
7. Serve immediately
***We hope to see you all at this Thursday's potluck at The Green Farm Barn at Chatfield.
CSA Fall Potluck Hootenanny! Sep. 12, 5:30 – 8:30 p.m. Corn Maze Preview!
This gathering should be a lot of fun – please join us for a sneak peak of the Corn Maze at Chatfield before anyone else goes through! Try out our giant jumping pillow (not just for kids) located in front of the Green Farm Barn where we will have our potluck. Bring your friends, family, lawn games and favorite fresh dish to share with everyone plus your picnic items. We can swap recipes, have a beer, jump on the pillow and then when the sun cools down a bit adventure out into the maze! Please pay $10 a family or $5 individual - which includes unlimited pillow jumps and corn maze. Pay at the front gate when driving in. The potluck will take place at the Green Farm Barn so please park in the main parking lot and walk over with your dish – following the signs to the barn.
Tomato seconds will be for sale during distribution at St. John's Cathedral tomorrow for $10. If you would like additional ideas on cooking tomatoes then please sign up for:
Totally Terrific Tomatoes at Chatfield
Saturday, Sep. 7, 9 - 11 a.m.
Come experience the vibrant beauty and flavor of one of nature's delicious, antioxidant packed foods. See how easy it is to make cool and zesty gazpacho, spicy salsa, classic caprese salad, fresh tomato sauce and more. Recipes and samples provided. Instructor: Susan Evans $17 CSA members, $30 non-members, includes a $10 materials fee Either register online and select "reciprocal member" to receive the CSA discount or call the Education registration line at 720-865-3580.
Also Modern Gingham Preserves will be selling jam and other products at distribution tomorrow, Tuesday only. www.moderngingham.com
Please bring cash or check for both of these great opportunities.
Dear shareholders,
Goodbye August! Hello September - which really means hello to tomatoes! Lots of them! We wanted to provide a little guide to the tomatoes you have been receiving at distribution so please keep reading. In addition to the extra bags of tomatoes for purchase (see below) - we also have leeks that are ready! Leeks are amazing in any tomato sauce so we will also provide all the sauce basics including garlic,onion,basil and fennel stalks. Happy sauce making!
Important reminder: We are at St. John's Cathedral for Tuesday's distribution September 3. This will be the last date we are off site for the season; we appreciate your willingness to move locations so the Denver Botanic Gardens' concert series runs smoothly.
If you are headed out of town for Labor day, and won't be picking up your share on Tuesday then please communicate with your pick up friend what to do at distribution!
tomato seconds for sale!
If you would like to purchase bags of tomato seconds for sauce making, 10 pound bags will be on sale for $10 a piece at both distributions. Please remember your wallet! Also, please share any amazing sauce recipes you have with our community and we will print them out for members. Tomato varieties will vary, but all will be good in sauce.
CSA potluck september 12 - preview the corn maze!
Please join us Thursday September 12 for our fall potluck. We will still have distribution occurring during the potluck so there is no reason not to stop by and share food with your CSA community. Also for people who live in downtown Denver, let's get a ride share going so we can have more of our Denver community join us for food and fun on the farm. All CSA members will be able to go through the Chatfield corn maze for just $5 dollars a family! For ride shares to the potluck please email: email@example.com
tomato varieties available this week:
Orange Blossom: Heirloom quality fruit, ripens early with a great taste and beautiful orange color for salsas and salads.
Martha Washington: The fruit has a pinkish skin with a melting texture and medium sweet flavor.
New Girl: A small red tomato that holds up great in sauce. Also a good slicing tomato for sandwiches, etc.
Cherokee Purple: green on the top and purple on the bottom – exceptional complex flavor. Slice and serve on its own or in simple tomato dishes no need to cook this beauty.
Striped German: A huge full tomato often large enough to feed a family with one fruit. Eat these right away as their skin is very thin and they tend to over ripen quickly.
Prudens Purple: A smaller purple tomato with rich flavor and thicker skin – great for roasted or cooked dishes.
Valencia: Deep orange or almost gold in color, smaller cylindrical shape with a meaty interior and few seeds. Holds up as a good slicing tomato.
Sweet Aroma: Red and round - strange.
produce list for september 2 – 5
*this list is tentative and subject to change
Fennel stalks Leeks!!!
Kale (may still have a tiny hail damage growth)
Bulk tomato bags ($5)
Tomatillos Peppers Beets Herbs
Weekly Bread: Multigrain with sesame
Weekly Fruit: last week of peaches! One bag please.
Featured Recipe:
Getting Saucy with Lena: The Marinara Edition
from Lena Tenenbaum, CSA grower and volunteer field coordinator
8 heirloom CSA tomatoes
1 onion, diced
1 eggplant
4 cloves of CSA garlic, chopped
1 cup of mushrooms or leeks or both
2 TBSP butter
4 TBSP olive oil
1/4 cup balsamic vinegar
2 TBSP basil, chopped
2 TBSP parsley, chopped
2 TBSP oregano, chopped
1 -2 diced fennel stalks (you can lightly sauté these ahead of time or directly add)
Salt, pepper, and to taste
Boil tomatoes for 5 min and transfer to bowl of cold water. Remove skins and squish tomatoes into a large pot. Set to a low boil around medium heat and add basil, parsley, and oregano. Heat 2 TBSP olive oil in skillet and add onions, summer squash, and fennel seed. Sauté until translucent and add to pot. Skin and dice eggplant. Toss with salt and let it sweat in a colander for 30 min. Sauté with 2 cloves of the garlic until soft. Add to pot. Sauté mushrooms/leeks in the butter with the other 2 cloves of garlic and add to the pot. Add the balsamic vinegar and let the pot hang out on the stove simmering away, stirring occasionally for as long as possible. My best batch spent 7 hours on the stove, but I like my sauce on the thick side.
Grower's Perspective: The beauty of storms
CSA Volunteer Field Coordinator and Grower - Lena!
We took a hit last week as Chatfield shareholders know--many of them hid out under overpasses on C-470, hunkered down in our washstand, or rode out the weather stranded in their cars in the parking lot while 50mph winds howled, an inch of rain fell in 15 minutes, and nickel sized hail pelted the earth. When I asked friends and family in Denver how they fared in the storm, they asked, "Storm? What storm? I guess it did rain a bit..."
As a CSA, we are more connected to our food system than grocery store shoppers. One weather event in Chatfield affects our shareholders all across the metro area. We all took the hit. You'll see a few more dings in your produce than you might in the market. But that's the beauty of a CSA--if we were trying to sell our produce in the market, the farm alone would take the financial hit and the blemished produce would go straight to the compost pile. However, our shareholders understand. You've all looked closer at the what, the how, and the why of your food and are graciously going to welcome less than perfect looking food into your home. But this is real food. And sometimes it has hail marks.
So bring me your bruised, your holey, your torn, and your tasty. Bring me your octopus carrots and five pound tomatoes. This is a CSA and this is the beauty that comes out of weathering a storm together!


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400 Years Under the Ottoman Turks and War of Independence, 1821/
My beloved spiritual children in Christ Our Only True God and our Only True Savior,
The Greek Empire of Byzantium ended on Tuesday May 29, 1453 when its capital, Constantinople, fell to the Turks. This day is the black day in Greek history. By the end of the 15th century, Greece was under Turkish Muslim rule. Over the next 400 years, the Greeks were slaves to the Turks, deprived of their human rights, considered as second class citizens (rayas means beast in Turkish language), worked and live only for their rulers. Harems of Pashas were full of Christian girls while the body guards of Sultan (Jenisaries) were Christian children who were taken by force from their parents and trained to fight and kill their own people.
Many attempts were made by the Greeks to gain their freedom, but they were unsuccessful and paid dearly for their rebellion against their masters.
The situation was intolerable in Morias (Peloponnese), Roumeli (South Mainland), Epirus and Macedonia where rayas (as Turks called the Greeks) worked all day in the field just to be able to pay their "head tax" (Kefalikos phoros) to the tyrants. It was called a "head tax" because of they refused or could not pay their huge tax, they would be beheaded or "lose their head" literally. Many Greeks rebelled against the Turks and hid in the mountains and caves. The Turks called these men "Kleftes." The "Armatoloi" also fought alongside the "Kleftes" to free their people. Places like Mani (near Sparta), Suli (near Ioannina) and Sfakia in Crete remained most of the Ottoman period free regions.
These types of Greek troops such as the kleftes and armatoloi were of great importance because they gained a significant amount of combat experience. This group was based on a simple order of rank. The "Kapetanios"(Captain), being the most prominent position and who had to be accepted by the men he would command, and his orders would not be questioned or disobeyed.
In 1814, three Greek merchants named Emmanaouil (Emmanuel) Xanthos, Athanasios Tsakaloff, and Nicholaos Scouphas established a secret organization known as "Philiki Etaireia" ("Society of Friends"). The purpose of this organization was to prepare Greece and gather support for the oncoming struggle for freedom and independence. The patriotic conspiracy took place in Odessa, now a city in Ukraine. As the struggle developed, the revolution was united with a crude plan of action. The nation was ready to start the armed struggle for independence.
The phrase "Freedom or Death" signified the Greeks' commitment to achieving their independence. On February 22, 1821 General Alexandros Ypsilantis, the leader of "Philiki Etairia" ("Society of Friends"), along with a small army crossed the Pruth River, which marked the border between Russia, Bessarabia, and Moldavia. Unfortunately, he and his army were defeated by the Turks. The unofficial but actual date of the beginning of the revolution was March 22, 1821, when Petrombeis Mavromichales, Theodore Kolokotronis, Papaflessas liberate dthe city of Kalamata. 25 March 1821, Bishop Germanos of Patras raised the Greek flag at the Monastery of Agia Lavra in Peloponnese.
As retaliation the Turks massacred thousands of Greeks (Romeoi) in Constantinople, Adrianople, Smyrne, Kydonies and elsewhere in Asia Minor. On 10th April 1821, Patriarch Gregorios 5th was tortured and hung. In 1822, the Turkish fleet reached the Island of Chios. The Turks murdered 50,000 of the inhabitants, burned their homes and property, and the rest were sold to slave bazaars.
For four years had only victories and managed to throw Turks out of Peloponnesse, Aegean sea, Rumeli and Epirus. Kolokotronis, Diakos, Androutsos, Tzavellas Papaflessas, Karaiskakis, Miaoulis, Kanaris, Nikitaras, Ypsilantis, Makrigiannis, Botsaris, Mavromichales, Panourgias, Petimezas, Metaxas, Zaimis, Plapoutas, Sahtouris, Laskarina Boumboulina, were some of the leaders of the war against the Turkish enslavement. As the revolution in Greece intensified, many powerful nations in Europe, such as Great Britain, France, and Austria became involved. Although the governments of these nations officially sided with the Turks, their people supported Greece contributing food, money, and some even fought for the Greeks' independence. The people who supported the Greeks were called "Philelliness" or "Philhellenes." Two great Philhellenes were the British romantic poet, Lord Byron, and the French artist Delacroix, who helped in raising money to support the insurrection in Greece (also French artist Victor Ugho and German Gaete supported the Greek struggle). The "Philhellenes" involvement to the conflict brought attention to it, until the powers of Europe decided to intervene.
The Turks were unable to stop the revolution and so that Sultan of Turkey asked Muhammad Al, the Pasha of Egypt for help. So under Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad, the well trained by French officers, Egyptian army successfully invaded the Peloponnese in 1825. In April 1826, Turks and Egyptians captured the city of Messologhion where they slaughtered almost the entire population.
The powerful administrative and military presence of the Ottoman Empire, the populous Muslim community which constituted almost the half of the population and the absence of preparations by the Philiki Etaireia were not in favor of a successful outbreak of the Greek Revolution. Nonetheless, from the end of spring the revolutionary climate started being formed, especially in inapproachable areas of Chania (Sfakia) and Rethymnon (Anogeia). The Ottoman authorities soon learnt about these movements and proceeded with atrocities against the Christians obviously to intimidate and prevent the outbreak of a revolt. These actions had the contrary result and soon armed conflicts took place in different parts of the island. Sfakia Anogeia and other mountainous areas constituted the main revolutionary centers and despite the fact that the Ottoman forces continued to control all the forts and strong strategic points of Crete, there was still tension until the first months of 1824.
After more than three years, immediately after the destruction of the Egyptian fleet at Navarino (October 1827), the Greek Revolutionary Administration first and then the governor Ioannis Kapodistrias favored the creation of revolutionary centers in different regions so that these could be included in the boundaries of the Greek Nation which were under negotiation. Thus the uprising in Crete was boosted and up to the end of 1828 successful operations legalized the Greek claims on the island although they could not achieve military prevalence. Two years later the Egyptian powers repressed once again the revolt in Crete.
In the following decades more revolts followed: 1833, 1841, 1858, 1866, 1878, 1895.
Crete was liberated in 1897 and it remained an Autonomous Principality under prince George of Greece. On December 1, 1913 the Union of Crete with Greece was finally achieved.
About the Greek flag: "Freedom or Death" (Eleftheria i Thanatos) was the motto during the Greek Revolution against the Ottoman Empire. It is believed that the nine lines of the flag reflects the number of syllables in the Greek phrase "Eleftheria" Freedom.
The line pattern was chosen because of their similarly with the wavy sea that surrounds the shores of Greece. The interchange of blue and white colors makes the Hellenic Flag on a windy day to look like the Aegean Sea. The Greek Square Cross that rests on the upper left-side of the flag demonstrates the respect and the devotion that Greek people have for the Greek Orthodox Christian Church and signifies the important role of Christianity in the formation of the modern Hellenic Nation. During the dark years of the Ottoman rule, the Greek Orthodox Church helped the enslaved Greeks to retain their cultural characteristics: the Greek language, the Orthodox Faith and generally the Hellenic ethnic identity.
In 1827 a treaty was signed in London in which all warfare should stop. So European powers (Russia, France, England) sent their naval fleets to Navarino Bay on October of 1827, in order to guarantee the treaty. There accidentally broke out a naval battle and the united Turkish, Egyptian and Tenesian fleet in a few hours, was destroyed. Finally and after Russian pressure against Sultan, the independence of Greece was declared in 1829 in Adrianople which was then under Russian control.
Of course there is much more to the history of Greek Independence.
With sincere agape in Christ,
+Father George

subset: commoncrawl


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Important Sources of Leakages
Gharpedia.com helps to Build/Own/Rent/Buy/Sell/Repair/Maintain your dream house by providing all the tips & tricks in easy languages. It provides solutions to all problems pertaining to houses right from concept to completion.
Sources of Leakages:
Leakage in the building always cause discomfort to occupants and discomfort of living, unsightly appearances, unhygienic conditions and at times diseases inclusive repairs beyond reach and possibility.
Leakage in the building always cause discomfort to occupants and unsightly appearances, discomfort of living, unhygienic conditions and at times diseases including repairs beyond reach and possibility. It also spoils the overall look of the house as well damage your painting however good. Water normally enters at some point and travel through some unknown capillaries and cracks and ultimately will seep or leak at some far away different point which is coherently weak. The point where the water enters is the cause of leakage and where it appears is the Source of leakage for a common man. It is easy to observe such source. But to rectify it you have to understand the cause.
Once you identify the source and also cause, than only you will be able to rightly take corrective measures. We therefore, discuss here the potential sources herein as under. Causes of leakage have been discussed "read here".
Courtesy - Shutterstock
Basically Ingress of Water in Structures can be:
From below (subsoil water), through Soil and Masonry by Capillary action.
From above i.e. external sources are such as rain/storm. Rain water and/or Water pressure exerted on structural members and their inability to withstand the same.
From inside the building owning to improper water supply, sewerage and drainage installations. Internal water sources such as leaking pipes/ improper fittings, joints incl joints which have opened.
Normal Sources as they Appear:
There are several areas in a building, internally and externally where these weather-damaging elements affect the structure. Some of the areas are terraces, parapet walls, rain water pipes, external doors and windows openings, external balconies, projections in the form of fins, bands and combination, cut-outs, ducts, open chowks, wide court-yards and sanitary and plumbing pipes and its connections incl with fixtures, bath/ toilet areas, plaster, paints, scaffold's damage, external electrification, likely additions/ alterations, plaster in exposed areas, like corridors, staircase, staircase rooms at the terrace, lift rooms, canopies, inverted beams on the exposed faces, overhead tanks, localised flower pots, terrace gardens, plumbing arrangements at terrace levels, built-in cupboards, etc. To these man-made conveniences, alterations and additions are plenty. These are some of the several areas from where these elements affect the structures on account of leakage.
The list below covers some of the common items or places in the building from where water appears. Depending on the building planning needs there are additional features and special provisions which aggravate the situation further. If one carefully browses through each of the items stated below, one can imagine what could be the collective effect on the structures and how devastating it could be.
They can be Broadly Classified as:
(I) Leakage Through Slabs, Roofs, Terraces:
01. From terrace and even intermediate slabs incl balconies, open terraces,
02. From sunken slabs of toilets, ducts
03. From ducts, shafts chowks etc
04. From cracks at column supports.
05. Leaks through ineffectively sealed expansion joints, construction joints and other active cracks.
06. Leakage due to cracks:
Water follows the line of least resistance for entering into any material. Cracks in concrete or masonry walls provide paths of least resistance for the water to penetrate.
- Cracks formed in the RCC slab, beam, walls incl masonry walls incl cracks in facades, terraces, roofs and sunken floors
- From Cracks at locations where vegetation growth has taken place
- From Cracks at lintels, sill level where lintels and sills have not been done and which leads to cracks
- Cracks between joints two different materials or where two different material meets
- From Spalled and cracked concrete due to corrosion in the RCC element
- From cracks in slab due to subsequent installation of heavy structures, antennas, solar heaters, a/c plants and any cracks due to hammering, hitting, dismantling forces
07. From water storage tanks or around areas where the water storage tank has been installed on the terrace.
08. From roof slabs near areas where rain water down take pipes starts or khurras have been provided. Khurras are other potential leaking points.
09. From parapet walls, from slab immediately below parapet walls
(II) Leakage Through Walls:
01. Damp walls on ground floor at lower heights just near the ground particularly where no DPC/coping or plinth protection has been provided
02. Damp walls due to poor masonry and plaster
03. From the joints between Chhaja/ weather shed and walls either from top, sides or bottom of chhaja / weather shed
04. From isolated patches in external brick walls due to holes in masonry made for Scaffolding or due to breakage of walls for Installation of Air Conditioners:
05. From junction of window frames with walls or sills around jambs, soffits, below jamb stones
06. From joints between RCC beam bottoms and top of masonry walls
07. From walls or beams/ columns/ slabs where Cut out in the structure has been made for the branch pipe puncturing the particular element
08. Parapet wall not in good condition particularly without coping or without appropriate vatta
09. Junction of door frame and floor on account of eventual rotting of door frame.
(III) Leakages and Seepages in Wet Areas are Normally Caused due to Following:
Normally the leakage is trough wet areas in the building. In a good number of buildings one could point out the location of kitchens or toilets/baths even without going into the buildings. When proper attention is not paid at planning stage and care is not exercised during execution stage; problems of leakage/seepage get built in. These are further aggravated by lack of awareness or attention required for proper use, maintenance and upkeep of these areas. Common sources are:
01. Depressed / sunken reinforced concrete slab to accommodate the pan and trap.
02. Joints of rainwater, soil and sanitary pipelines and in particular of the pipes which have been encased in masonry or concrete and which are difficult to attend to.
03. From pipelines for water supply, sewerage or rain water down take lines:
- The joint between flushing cistern and flushing pipe.
- Junction of the flushing pipe with the WC pan.
- Junction of WC and traps with the branch pipe and the connecting pipelines including lines running from the floor traps to the sanitary pipe
- Joints of water supply lines, water supply fittings, malfunctioning cocks, taps, valves, fixtures, etc.
- Joints between flooring tiles.
- Locations near overflow pipe of overhead water tanks
- Floor trap junction or improperly fixed floor trap.
- Faulty pipe joints incl concealed piping and fittings.
- Cold joints of construction in both underground as well as overhead water tanks.
- Floor and walls where shower splashes water.
- Area surrounding the kitchen sinks.
- Junction joint between kitchen platform and the wall.
- At the junction of the water tank wall and the various pipe fittings in the tank walls.
- Under the water tank on account of usage of scour valve.
- The poor jointing of water closets, urinals and other sanitary ware.
- Area surrounding the kitchen sinks.
- Junction joint between kitchen platform and the wall.
- At the junction of the water tank wall and the various pipe fittings in the tank walls.
- Under the water tank on account of usage of scour valve.
- The poor jointing of water closets, urinals and other sanitary ware.
(IV) Leakage of Water from Water Storage Tanks:
01. From joints particularly cold joints of construction of RCC or masonry water tanks, incl its joint with pipe lines
02. Near over flow lines
03. Around the water tank where the over flow water gets stagnated
04. Malfunctioning Ball valve in overflow tanks
05. All the causes narrated above needs preventive maintenance and if neglected will invite water from one or other way.It is therefore our common observation that most of the building elements are provided in the structure without the required detailing and thought for weather protection. Observations and results are imminent in their manifestation. One does not monitor the structures which one creates with love and passion.
06. One has to rightly relate the source with the cause. Once done you will be able to adopt right remedy in terms of right water proofing technology and of course right material.


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Travel has always been an important part of my life. To ʻtaste' a city is another way to learn about its culture, society, history, politics, education. The aromas and flavors I've experienced in new places stay with me as memories and sources of inspiration in the kitchen.
What I love about working for SUSHISAMBA is that continued education is an important part of the company's philosophy. Learning about the Japanese, Brazilian and Peruvian cultures that make up our concept -- their cooking techniques, presentation styles, ingredients, approaches to service -- help us to stay current. What's better, it gives us a platform for relevancy that can spin quickly into innovation and creativity.
Accompanying me on this great adventure was Koji Kagawa (Corporate Sushi Chef), Meredith Boyle (Corporate Culinary Manager) and the Executive Chef for our London outpost opening in the winter.
On our journey through Brazil we wanted to stop at a market in every city. In Rio de Janeiro there are street markets set up in different neighborhoods across town daily so we made our way to the Ipanema Farmer's Market (Praca Nossa Senhora de Paz).
For lunch we met up with Gionia Belmonte, a tour guide referred by our good friend, Joao Rodrigues, of Myriad Marketing for the Rio de Janeiro Convention and Visitors Bureau. Gionia, who knows the ins and outs of Rio's culinary scene - brought us to Cafeitaria Colombo, one of Rio's social and culinary institutions. Founded in 1894, the restaurant's history is reflected in its incredible Belle Epoque decor. We enjoyed a typical urban-Brazilian lunch: fresh pineapple and mint juice, guarana sodas, queijo pastels, Quiche de Palmito com Mussarela (heart of palm and mozzarella quiche), Quibe (meatballs), colorful salads and French-Brazilian inspired pastries.
Photos from Rio (scroll down to read about and see photos from Salvador and Sao Paulo):
Salvador was on our flavor radar for its more traditional cuisine. We wanted to taste the moquecas (traditional Brazilian fish/seafood stew), feijoadas (Brazilian/Portuguese stew of beans, beef and pork, commonly enjoyed for weekend brunch), acarajé (palm oil fritters stuffed with black eyed peas, onions and diced vegetables with spicy vatapá) in their more ʻoriginal' versions.
We noticed that no matter what level of restaurant, from street-side dining to white table cloth establishments, all moquecas and feijoadas in Salvador are served in panela de barro - rustic, hand-thrown clay dishes.
The beaches were another great place to discover local flavor. Hands down the best caipirinhas we tasted were made by "Caipirinha do Rasta" - straight off his beach cart in the sand of Porto da Barra. Just four ingredients: cachaça, sugar, lime and kiwi. Keep it simple. And for something to eat: Globo snacks and grilled Minas in salt and rosemary. Hits the spot!
Sorveteria da Ribeira (Largo da Ribeira, 87) is well- known throughout Salvador as ʻthe' place to go for sorbet and it's many unique flavors.
Photos from Salvador (scroll down to read about and see photos from Sao Paulo):
We'd been especially excited to explore Sao Paulo because of it's the most direct example of the mergence of Japanese and Brazilian culture. Throughout history, as economies boomed and recessed, there was a cross-immigration of populations. To this day you'll find the largest population of Japanese people living outside of Japan - in Sao Paulo.
A most obvious example of the Japanese-Brazilian combination came to the table just in time to boost the afternoon our spirits. (no pun intended) Sakirinhas, caipirinhas that use sake instead of cachaça, are available everywhere in Sao Paulo... and we enjoyed them whenever we could.
One of the meals I most looked forward to - and enjoyed - on this trip was our dinner at Chef Alex Atala's D.O.M. (549 Jardim Paulista). Born in São Paulo, Chef Atala is most known for his application of French and Italian techniques to Brazilian dishes.
Photos from Sao Paulo:
For everyone who would like to learn more about our adventure to Brazil (and our daily culinary exploits) visit www.ingredientblog.com and sign up for our daily emails. Hope to see you at the restaurant soon.


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Emotion M
Fire means unconditional emotion. Flames offer comfort or teach us fear. They move and entice. They awake old memories and images from childhood days. Emotion combines it all. This stove also creates an effect when it is not heated. It can be freely positioned and features a rotating top, thereby providing new possibilities as a room partition. Available in two different sizes, and due to its narrow depth, it perfectly fits into any room.


text:
Oysters available next week for Add ons!
Eat Fresher Fish. Support Our Local Fishing Industry.
Dear %%user-firstname%%,
We will be offering Oysters as Add ons next week, for our final week of Spring/Summer Session. Click here to order.
Oysters come from our friends at Virgin Oyster Company, Dover, NH. Fresh out of the Great Bay!
Members only price is $16/dozen, oysters come live, in the shell.
And don't forget to sign up for our Fall Session here, if you haven't already!
All the best,
NH Community Seafood
1 Peirce Island Rd-Portsmouth-NH-03801


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Hey there,
I was hoping to get a courtly companion of any gender. I am a 23 year old male dating multiple people and struggling to get/keep it up. I don't have a problem or even crave porn as it has been about 2 months since my last exposure to it. I do find myself masturbating once every week to two weeks since women I am seeing can get me riled up influencing me to let it all out of my system. Just need someone to talk to as the women I am seeing are good friends of my roommates/close friends so I just have trouble really confiding with that sort of possible communication looming.
I'm sorry to say
that this site doesn't have enough women. But it never hurts to put a request out there. Ladies???
If no one nibbles, we'll do our best to support you here on the forum.
Here's another good forum, BTW: YOURBRAINREBALANCED.COM
Does gender matter?
I wouldn't mind the courtly companion being a guy in a similar situation or does that defeat the purpose of this?
Funny Thing Is
One of my roommates is a girl who I've known for 8 years, but I just can't come to grips with telling her.
It's fine
to PM a guy and ask him to be your accountability partner. Or you could propose that instead here on the forum and see who turns up.
CCs are to help the genders understand each other's bizarre perspectives a bit better.


text:
By Colleen M. Flood
and Bryan Thomas
The University of Ottawa
A legal challenge to Canada's medicare system has given new focus to the much-needed debate about how health service is provided in this country.
The Supreme Court of British Columbia is hearing the long-anticipated challenge to the publicly-funded Canadian health system. The plaintiffs – led by Dr. Brian Day of Cambie Surgery Centre – allege that medicare violates Canada's Charter of Rights and Freedoms by forcing patients onto long wait lists for care.
By way of remedy, Day and his colleagues aren't asking the government to reduce wait times for all patients. Too bad.
Instead, they ask the court to overturn the law that stops the sale of private insurance covering medically-necessary care. They also ask the court to overturn the law against dual practice that requires doctors to choose to work for the public system or work for the private sector. They also want to overturn prohibitions on extra-billing so physicians can charge whatever they wish for the care they provide, in public hospitals or in private clinics.
Examining what this legal challenge could mean for Canadians, the question, 'Who benefits?' is a good place to start.
The physicians spearheading these challenges certainly stand to benefit handsomely.
Most physicians are locked into fee-for-service rates negotiated with the provinces. If the Cambie case succeeds, scores of private buyers will join the bargaining table, driving up prices for physician services and diverting resources to the highest bidder irrespective of medical need.
The physicians involved in the trial protest they have only medicare's best interests at heart. They point to the many western "European" nations that have two-tier health systems, purportedly the envy of the world. If only Canada would allow greater private payment, we are told, the invisible hand of the market would lead us to join their ranks.
It's not that simple.
Proponents of the "European" model of health care never tell us if it's the French, Irish, English, Dutch, German or Italian model we should follow – and they are all distinct.
In England, for example, specialists in the public system are salaried and contractually bound to a full-time 40-hour work schedule, leaving them little time to moonlight in the private sector.
A contract binding specialists to 40 hours a week in the public system is viable in England, where physicians are salaried. It's not viable in Canada, where physicians have grown accustomed over a half-century to a much higher level of independence.
Indeed, any Canadian government that attempted to force large numbers of physicians from fee-for-service payment to salary would find itself in the middle physician strikes and further constitutional challenges.
What about the Netherlands?
Private insurance plays a very large role there so perhaps it's the kind of two-tier system we're looking for. But in fact, there's no separate public system with a private tier: in the Netherlands, the private health insurance system, heavily regulated, is the public system.
The law requires that all Dutch adults buy private health insurance (and their employers contribute). The market is heavily regulated to achieve access and equity goals. And private insurers must offer coverage to everybody and cover almost everything. This means private insurers can't cherry pick the healthy and wealthy.
When the Cambie challengers and proponents of privatization speak of a two-tier system, they insist there would be a free public health-care system left with just a small private tier on the top. That's clearly not the Dutch model.
In a complex system like health care, it's purposefully naive to suppose Canada can easily shop among the models of western Europe. Selecting features from European systems and pasting them into Canadian medicare will not magically give us a "European" model.
It's certainly true that Canadian medicare is in need of improvement. All sides agree. And Canadians need to be assured that medicare can deliver timely care when they are in greatest need.
A patient ombudsman in each province – with real teeth – would be an important start to help patients get timely, quality care.
Canadians pay a great deal of tax towards our health-care system. We deserve timely care and we shouldn't have to throw ourselves at the mercy of the markets to get it.
Colleen M. Flood is a university research chair in Health Law and Policy and inaugural director of the Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics at the University of Ottawa. Bryan Thomas is a research associate at the Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics at the University of Ottawa.
The views, opinions and positions expressed by columnists and contributors are the author's alone. They do not inherently or expressly reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of our publication.


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A major perk of working for yourself: having the ability to work from wherever you want. I spent a few days down the shore this week, working and spending some quality time with Nick while he has the week off from work, and this was the gorgeous sunset we saw on Monday night.
iPhone photo with ShakeItPhoto effects
I love how quiet and serene the beach is in the off-season, and the weather has been absolutely perfect.


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Yasmin Ruvalcaba | Panel Discussion
Yasmin joins Jane Vogel (Advance Gender Equity in the Arts), Lindsey Gardner-Penner and Brenda Jean Foley (The Bridge Initiative) for a panel discussion called "2020 Call To Action: What's On Your Calendar?"
About this session: Jane Vogel is bringing together a group of artists, activists, and organizations that have an action plan for advancing gender equity in theatre. AGE is planning a partnership/coalition project that links arts organizations together in their equity efforts. The goal of this session is to embrace and support efforts and actions that help birth a new gender-balanced cultural paradigm. We will brainstorm and disseminate ideas, link and leverage assets, network, and mobilizing resources.
About Yasmin
Yasmin Ruvalcaba is the Community Engagement Coordinator for Advance Gender Equity in the Arts. She is a recent graduate from Williams College where she earned her B.A. in Political Science. While at Williams she was also active in the theatre community, directing and acting in plays for the student run Cap&Bells. She has been an advocate for increasing diversity and representation in the theatre community and is excited to continue this important task with AGE and the Portland community.


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My favorite time of the year is here again; nothing can beat springtime in the orchard! With blue skies and apple blossoms all around, it's really quite breathtaking. It can also be a rewarding time for growers, as one of the best parts of spring is getting a chance to see what type of crop potential we have out there. There is still a long road to haul to achieve that potential, but if you have a good bloom and friendly weather that's a great start!
Unfortunately for some of our friends in the Great Lakes region, the challenging weather this year has caused significant crop damage. Michigan, New York, Ontario and Quebec have been hit hard by frost damage this year. Temperatures in April dipped into the 20s (Fahrenheit), and the damage was made even worse by an unusually warm March that had caused many trees to bloom early, making them more vulnerable to the cold. Some growers were unlucky enough to lose their entire crop, and some estimate as much as 80 percent of Ontario's crop could be lost.
Growers are not completely defenseless against what nature throws at us. When cold snaps hit, we will often spend sleepless nights trying to mitigate the damage, using tools like wind machines, helicopters, heaters and irrigation water to bring warmer air down close to the ground or put a layer of ice on the blossoms to insulate them. Even with defenses like these, efforts often come up short, which is why growers like us appreciate it even more when everything goes right.
When conditions are cold or windy (or both!), it can be very stressful. Weather plays a huge role in the level of bee activity and, thus, how successful pollination is. Cold weather is especially detrimental to bee activity, which affects pollination as a result. Luckily, it doesn't look like we will have that problem here this year!
As you can see from the photo, our bees are already very active, and it's looking like we are going to have perfect pollination weather this year. We will be explaining more about the pollination process in an upcoming blog, as it is such an important topic. We have hundreds of thousands of bees in our orchard alone, and the busier they are the better! Hopefully everything will continue to go smoothly, and all the hard work – from us and the bees – results in the kind of harvest we always strive for.


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Stowell Farm Bath Salts/
So excited to launch my little line of bath salts: Rose, Lemongrass and Lavender and a "body" blend of eucalyptus, tea tree and sage. All made with the finest quality epson salts, herbs from our farm or Mountain Rose Herbs and essential oils from Aura Cacia. Custom blends to order.


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1. Short title
2. Interpretation
3. Establishment of Savings Bank
4. Establishment of Board
5. Functions of Board
6. Management of Savings Bank
7. Reserve Fund and Accumulated Deficit Fund
8. Security of moneys deposited and expenses
9. Investment of moneys
10. Interest
11. Accounts not operated on for fifteen years
12. Books, accounts, records and reports
13. Determination of disputes
14. Regulations
15. Remittances to and from other savings banks
16. Disclosure of information
17. Exemption from stamp duty
18. Liability of Government etc.
19. Authorization of payment for loss
40 of 1967
1 of 1969
44 of 1971
19 of 1993
An Act to provide for the establishment and administration of a Post Office Savings Bank and for matters incidental thereto
This Act may be cited as the Post Office Savings Bank Act.
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
"account" means an account in the Savings Bank;
"Board" means the Post Office Savings Bank Board established under section 4;
"officer" means any person employed or assigned in connexion with any business of the department responsible for postal services;
"principal office" means the principal Office of the Savings Bank situated in such place as the Postmaster-General may by notice, from time to time, specify;
"Savings Bank" means the Post Office Savings Bank deemed to be established under section 3;
"Savings Bank year" means the period of twelve months beginning on the 1st January in any year and ending on the 31st December next following.
3. Establishment of Savings Bank
(1) The Post Office Savings Bank of Malawi, hereinafter referred to as the former Savings Bank, subsisting immediately before the commencement of this Act by virtue of the Post Office Savings Bank Ordinance (now repealed), hereinafter referred to as the repealed Ordinance, shall be deemed to be the Post Office Savings Bank established and constituted under this Act.
(2) Any person who, immediately before the commencement of this Act, had money in an account with the former Savings Bank shall be deemed to have such money in an account in the Post Office Savings Bank under this Act.
(3) The Post Office Savings Bank established and constituted under this Act shall be a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal, capable of suing and being sued in its own name and which, subject to this Act, may acquire, hold or dispose of moveable and immoveable property for the purpose of its functions.
(1) There is hereby established a Post Office Savings Bank Board which shall consist of the following members—
(a) the Secretary to the Treasury or his representative, who shall be Chairman;
(b) the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Malawi or his representative;
(c) the Postmaster-General or his representative; and
(d) two other members appointed by the Minister and holding office at the Minister's pleasure.
(2) The Chairman and any two other members shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Board, and unless otherwise provided or determined by the Board, the decision of the majority of the members present and voting at any meeting shall constitute a decision of the Board. The Chairman shall have a deliberative vote and, in addition, in the event of an equality of votes, a casting vote.
(3) Meetings of the Board shall be called by the Chairman and shall be conducted in such manner as the Board may, from time to time, determine.
(4) No act or proceeding of the Board shall be invalidated merely by reason of the existence of a vacancy or vacancies among the members, and all bona fide acts or proceedings of the Board shall be valid notwithstanding any defect that may afterwards be discovered in the appointment of any member of the Board.
(5) The Chairman may invite any person to attend a meeting of the Board, and any such person attending a meeting of the Board shall have the right to address the Board but not to vote on any matter before the Board.
In addition to any functions conferred on it by this Act or any regulations made thereunder, the Board shall be responsible for the policy and general administration of the Savings Bank, and with regard to these matters the Postmaster-General shall, in the exercise of his functions under this Act or any regulations made thereunder, be subject to any special or general directions of the Board.
(1) Subject to this Act and any regulations made thereunder, the Postmaster-General shall be responsible for the day to day management and control of the Savings Bank and may take such steps as may be necessary or desirable for the encouragement of thrift, for the proper management of the Savings Bank and otherwise for the promotion of the objects and purposes of this Act.
(2) The Postmaster-General may open offices or branches of the Savings Bank at any place in Malawi and may close such offices or branches, and may cause the business of such offices or branches to be conducted on such days and during such hours as he considers necessary or desirable.
(3) The Postmaster-General shall make available to the Savings Bank such officers as are necessary or desirable for the efficient conduct of the business of the Savings Bank.
7. Reserve Fund and Accumulated Deficit Fund
(1) Profits of the Savings Bank in any year shall, after being used to offset any balance in the Accumulated Deficit Account, be placed to the credit of the Reserve Fund which shall be established for that purpose.
(2) Losses of the Savings Bank in any year shall be debited to the Reserve Fund:
Provided that if at any time the losses exceed the balance in the Reserve Fund, or if there is no balance in the Reserve Fund, such losses or such excess losses shall be charged to the Accumulated Deficit Account which shall be established for that purpose.
(3) Any profits or losses of the former Savings Bank subsisting immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be credited or debited in respect of the Savings Bank in accordance with subsections (1) and (2).
8. Security of moneys deposited and expenses
(1) The repayment of all moneys deposited in the Savings Bank together with interest thereon shall be guaranteed by the Government.
(2) Where, at any time, the funds of the Savings Bank immediately available are insufficient to meet the lawful claims on an account, or to defray expenses, the deficiency shall be charged upon and paid out of the Consolidated Fund, and a report of such deficiency and payment shall be included in the annual report of the Savings Bank submitted to the Minister under section 11:
Provided that where sufficient funds are subsequently available, the sums charged upon and paid out of the Consolidated Fund shall so far as possible be repaid to the Consolidated Fund by the Savings Bank.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) "expenses" means the cost of all works done or services rendered in connection with the Savings Bank, including such sum or sums on account of administrative and other overhead expenses as may, with the approval of the Minister, be reasonably assigned to those works or services.
(1) Except to the extent of any sums required to be kept in hand for the day to day running and administration of the Savings Bank, the Postmaster-General shall, with the approval of the Board, invest the moneys held by the Savings Bank (which shall, for this purpose, include moneys in the Reserve Fund) in all or any of the following ways—
(a) in Treasury Bills or other securities issued by the Government or for which the Government is responsible;
(b) on deposit with the Reserve Bank of Malawi or with the Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations;
(c) on deposit with any registered commercial bank, financial institution, discount house or accepting house carrying on business in Malawi;
(d) with a building society registered in Malawi;
(e) in any other securities that may be approved by the Minister.
(2) The Postmaster-General may, with the approval of the Board, and subject to this section, realize or otherwise deal with investments of Savings Bank moneys.
(3) Any investments of the former Savings Bank which by virtue of this Act become the property of the Savings Bank may be retained by the Postmaster-General or realized or dealt with by him notwithstanding that they do not come within any of the classes or categories of investments specified in subsection (1).
(4) Any sums of money that may, from time to time, be required for the repayment of deposits under this Act or any regulations made thereunder, or for payment of interest thereon, or expenses under section 8, or repayments to the Consolidated Fund, may be raised by the sale of the whole or any part of the investments referred to in subsection (1).
(1) Interest shall, subject to any regulations made by the Minister under section 14, be payable on deposits with the Savings Bank at such rate as the Minister shall from time to time, by notice published in the Gazette, determine:
Provided that no decrease in the rate of interest payable under this subsection shall take place unless at least one month's notice of such decrease has been given in the Gazette.
(2) Interest on deposits shall, subject to any regulations made by the Minister under section 14, be calculated to the 31st December in each year and shall then be added to and become part of any principal money remaining on deposit, and any reference to deposit or deposits shall, unless the context otherwise requires, include any interest so added to the principal money.
11. Accounts not operated on for fifteen years
(1) Where, for a period of fifteen years there have been no transactions on an account, or the pass book relating to such account has not been presented to the principal office, the account shall cease to bear interest from the expiration of such period of fifteen years:
Provided that such account shall not cease to bear interest unless and until the Postmaster-General, by notice published in the Gazette, specifying the account concerned, has given six months' notice of his intention to apply this subsection.
(2) Where, upon the expiration of a further period of fifteen years after the expiration of the period of fifteen years referred to in subsection (1), there have still been no transactions on the account concerned, or the pass book has not been presented to the principal office, a sum equal to the amount standing to the credit of the account shall be transferred to the Reserve Fund, and the account shall be closed. Subsequent claims in respect of the account may be permitted by the Postmaster-General at his discretion.
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Maggie Johnson
Undergraduate Academic Advisor
Counsels students to promote their academic, professional, career, and personal development. Provides specialized counseling, cultural support, and personal assistance and guidance to students with unique challenges and problems. Provides enrollment services functions to the department.
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I am a lifelong Hokie – I began visiting Blacksburg as a young child and fell in love immediately. My family began coming to football games during the 2000 season and I've been to at least one home game each year since!
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text:
Treks into Intuitive Geometry
The World of Polygons and Polyhedra
Authors: Akiyama, Jin, Matsunaga, KiyokoFree Preview
- Is a unique book combining the rich mathematical content of polygons and polyhedra, in a writing style that appeals to all readers
- Shows how the world of polygons and polyhedra connects to the world of aesthetics, with an interplay between mathematics and art
- Introduces a history of old mathematical problems and explains such problems in a fresh, enticing manner
- Presents non-trivial mathematical results in a way that is both unique and accessible, combining the richness of dialogues, mathematical proofs, and beauty of shapes
- Shows how the world of polygons and polyhedra can be viewed as useful and enjoyable without sacrificing the beauty of the deeper mathematics
- Introduces a wide range of interplay between mathematics and art and presents a more visually entertaining form of mathematics that attracts readers
Buy this book
- eBook $44.99
price for USA in USD (gross)
- Digitally watermarked, DRM-free
- Included format: PDF
- ebooks can be used on all reading devices
- Immediate eBook download after purchase
- Hardcover $59.99
price for USA in USD
- Free shipping for individuals worldwide
- Usually dispatched within 3 to 5 business days.
- Softcover $59.99
price for USA in USD
- Free shipping for individuals worldwide
- Usually dispatched within 3 to 5 business days.
- About this book
This book is written in a style that uncovers the mathematical theories buried in our everyday lives such as examples from patterns that appear in nature, art, and traditional crafts, and in mathematical mechanisms in techniques used by architects. The authors believe that through dialogues between students and mathematicians, readers may discover the processes by which the founders of the theories came to their various conclusions―their trials, errors, tribulations, and triumphs. The goal is for readers to refine their mathematical sense of how to find good questions and how to grapple with these problems. Another aim is to provide enjoyment in the process of applying mathematical rules to beautiful art and design by examples that highlight the wonders and mysteries from our daily lives. To fulfill these aims, this book deals with the latest unique and beautiful results in polygons and polyhedra and the dynamism of geometrical research history that can be found around us. The term "intuitive geometry" was coined by Lászlo Fejes Tóth to refer to the kind of geometry which, in Hilbert's words, can be explained to and appeal to the "man on the street." This book allows people to enjoy intuitive geometry informally and instinctively. It does not require more than a high school level of knowledge but calls for a sense of wonder, intuition, and mathematical maturity.
- About the authors
Jin Akiyama is a mathematician at heart. Currently, he is a fellow of the European Academy of Science, the founding editor of the journal Graphs and Combinatorics, and the director of the Research Institute of Math Education at Tokyo University of Science. He is particularly interested in graph theory and discrete and solid geometry and has published many papers in these fields. Aside from his research, he is best known for popularizing mathematics, first in Japan and then in other parts of the globe: his lecture series was broadcast on NHK (Japan's only public broadcaster) television and radio from 1991 to 2013. He was a founding member of the Organizing Committee of the UNESCO-sponsored traveling exhibition "Experiencing Mathematics", which debuted in Denmark in 2004. In 2013, he built a hands-on mathematics museum called Akiyama's Math Experience Plaza in Tokyo. He has authored and co-authored more than 100 books, including Factors and Factorizations of Graphs< (jointly with Mikio Kano, Lect. Notes Math., Springer, 2011) and A Day's Adventure in Math Wonderland (jointly with Mari-Jo Ruiz, World Scientific, 2008), which has been translated into nine languages.Kiyoko Matsunaga is a science writer for mathematics. She has contributed not only through Japanese-language books, but also in NHK TV programs on mathematics, including Math, I Like It for elementary students, Math Time Travel for junior and senior high school students, and The Joy of Math and Math Wonderland for the broader public.
- Reviews
"The subjects within Treks into Intuitive Geometry directly relate to what German mathematician David Hilbert distinguished as topics that could interest a 'man on the street.' … The book contains colorful diagrams and reprints of famous artwork. … Summing Up: Recommended. General readers through lower-division undergraduates." (M. D. Sanford, Choice, Vol. 54 (2), October, 2016)
"Treks into Intuitive Geometry is a delightful read covering various topics in geometry, from tilings of the plane to three-dimensional solids. … This book is also filled with wonderful full-color illustrations. … With these concrete topics and easy-going style, this book can be enjoyed by mathematicians and recreational puzzlers alike." (Tricia Muldoon Brown, MAA Reviews, maa.org, April, 2016)
"The authors' efforts to provide figures and experiments, as well as the many references with 'everyday life' such as art, architecture and optimization, will be appreciated by teachers or self-taugth readers. In various way, this book is poetic, and contains several references to the Japanese culture and history. It is uncommon in its construction, well illustrated and entertaining. In summary, a good outreach book for a broad audience." (Matthieu Jacquemet, zbMATH 1339.52001, 2016)
- Table of contents (16 chapters)
Art From Tiling Patterns
Pages 1-34
The Tile-Maker Theorem and Its Applications to Art and Designs
Pages 35-65
Pages 67-80
Reversible Pairs of Figures
Pages 81-141
Platonic Solids
Pages 143-158
Table of contents (16 chapters)
Buy this book
- eBook $44.99
price for USA in USD (gross)
- Digitally watermarked, DRM-free
- Included format: PDF
- ebooks can be used on all reading devices
- Immediate eBook download after purchase
- Hardcover $59.99
price for USA in USD
- Free shipping for individuals worldwide
- Usually dispatched within 3 to 5 business days.
- Softcover $59.99
price for USA in USD
- Free shipping for individuals worldwide
- Usually dispatched within 3 to 5 business days.
Services for this Book
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Bibliographic Information
- Bibliographic Information
- Book Title
- Treks into Intuitive Geometry
- Book Subtitle
- The World of Polygons and Polyhedra
- Authors
- Jin Akiyama
- Kiyoko Matsunaga
- Copyright
- 2015
- Publisher
- Springer Japan
- Copyright Holder
- Springer Japan
- eBook ISBN
- 978-4-431-55843-9
- 10.1007/978-4-431-55843-9
- Hardcover ISBN
- 978-4-431-55841-5
- Softcover ISBN
- 978-4-431-56709-7
- Edition Number
- 1
- Number of Pages
- Topics