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BMW 230i xDrive Engine Oil Light Diagnosis Cost
Know what price you should pay to get your vehicle fixed.
What is an engine oil light?
This warning light is displayed to alert the driver of low engine oil pressure. If this light illuminates, you should pull over to a safe place and shut off the engine immediately.
How does the engine oil light work?
This light is activated directly or indirectly by the oil pressure sensor. Pressurized oil is pumped through the engine for cooling, bearing lubrication, and to actuate oil fed components. When oil pressure drops below a specified range, the engine control unit will illuminate the oil pressure warning light. In some vehicles, the engine computer will also shut the engine off as a fail safe.
What are the symptoms related to an engine oil light?
The engine oil pressure warning light will come on if the engine oil pressure is low, or if the oil pressure sensor is faulty. In either case, engine power may be reduced significantly. The check engine light may also illuminate, and an on-board diagnostic (OBD) trouble code will be stored in the vehicle's computer.
Can I drive with an engine oil pressure light on?
If the engine oil pressure warning light is on, the vehicle should not be driven. The engine may still start and appear to run normally, but assuming the sensor is faulty risks ignoring an actual engine oil pressure problem. Low oil pressure will will lead to catastrophic engine failure.
How often does the engine oil pressure light come on?
The oil light will never be illuminated while driving in most vehicles, but when it does, it is typically a surprise. The only predictor of the oil pressure light is the engine oil level being observed extremely low.
How is an engine oil light diagnosed?
When diagnosing an engine oil pressure warning light the technician will check the oil level , then the engine will be inspected for engine oil leaks. Running low on oil can cause oil starvation, and oil pressure loss issues. If the oil is full and there are no leaks, the technician will use a computerized scanner to read sensor data, and compare that to actual conditions. Before the technician can suspect any mechanical failure, or start the engine, the engine oil pressure sensor must be proven to function properly. The technician will test the oil pressure sensor and associated electrical circuit, and determine if the sensor should be replaced. If the sensor is reporting correctly, the technician will suspect a mechanical failure within the engine's bottom end, which necessitates removal of the oil pan for physical inspection.
What will be the outcome of an engine oil light diagnosis?
If the diagnosis finds the oil pressure sensor to be faulty, a new one will be installed. If the engine oil pump is suspected, the engine oil pan must be removed for further inspection. The oil will be drained, and the pan removed. Once all necessary components have been set aside, the oil pump will be physically inspected. If confirmed faulty, additional inspection of the bottom end bearings and the oil that was drained will be done to make sure there was no other damaged caused by running with low oil pressure. Assuming there is no other damage, a new oil pump will be installed, the pan re-installed, and the oil and filter replaced. The oil pressure will be checked while the engine is cranking (without starting the engine). If the pressure builds to manufacturer specification, the engine will be started, and final checks will be performed to ensure a complete repair.
RepairPal Recommendations with an engine oil light
If the oil pressure indicator light comes on, we do not recommend starting the engine until the engine has been inspected. Continued use of the vehicle after the warning has come on may result in a seized engine due to oil starvation.
What to look out for with an engine oil light
There are many types, grades, and certifications of engine oil. Before adding oil to your engine, be sure to check the manufacturer's recommendations. Consulting your owner's manual is the best way to ensure you are using the correct fluids for your vehicle. Modern engines are especially sensitive to the kind of lubricants used. If there is any uncertainty of what to top off with, contact your local certified shop.
Can I diagnose an engine oil light myself?
Oil pressure warning light diagnosis should be left to a professional. There is always the possibility that the oil pressure sensor went bad. But without proper testing, starting the vehicle becomes a gamble. Professional technicians have the tools and experience necessary to perform diagnostics and repair without causing further damage.
- Repair shops in Sterling, VA
- Repair shops in Dulles, VA
- Repair shops in Leesburg, VA
- Repair shops in Herndon, VA

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Ms. Chris Lyons
Thomas University Title IX Coordinator and Director of Human Resources
229-226-1621, ext. 1080
Students who feel that they may be the victim of some form of harassment as a result of the actions of another student should contact the Director of Student Life to lodge a complaint. These cases will be resolved in accordance with student disciplinary procedures. Students who believe they have been harassed or otherwise discriminated against by a University employee should contact the Vice President of Academic Affairs and attempt resolution of the complaint. Harassment of any kind is unacceptable at Thomas University and is in conflict with the policies and interests of the university.
Generally, harassment may be defined as verbal or physical conduct by a person or group of persons which interferes with a student's academic performance or causes discomfort in the work setting or classroom.
Sexual harassment and racial harassment have been held to constitute a form of discrimination which is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, and Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972. Other types of harassment (religious, disabled, or other protected status) are prohibited by applicable law.
Title VI
 Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the Federal law that protects individuals from discrimination on the basis of their race, color, or national origin in programs that receive Federal financial assistance.
Title IX
 Title IX of the Education Amendment of 1972 prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in education programs or activities that receive or benefit from Federal financial assistance; e.g., in recruiting and admissions, financial aid, athletics, textbooks and curriculum, housing facilities, career counseling, insurance and health care, single sex groups and programs, extracurricular activities, and employment.


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Difference between revisions of "Parties/Receptions"
(→Sunday, June 24)
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'''GLBT-RT Social'''

'''GLBT-RT Social'''

Sunday, June 24, 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.

Sunday, June 24, 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.

Come meet the myriad people of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual & Transgendered Round Table! All Annual Conference attendees are welcome.

Come meet the myriad people of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual & Transgendered Round Table! All Annual Conference attendees are welcome.

Revision as of 09:17, 5 June 2007
- See Also Events with Food for daily opportunities.
- Reception Held During Open Hours
Recommend visiting the Elizabeth Stone Gallery in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. The gallery specializes in children's book illustration and features original art, limited editions, prints, and children's books. One of the representated illustrators is Gennady Spirin. His original art work from SIMEON'S GIFT, written by Julie Andrews (a keynote speaker this year) and Emma Walton Hamilton, will be on exhibit and available for purchase. Great opportunity to acquire very collectible and beautiful art! I checked and Elizabeth will be open extended hours on Thursday, June 21 - Wednesday, June 27 from 10:00 am to 8:00 pm. She also said special transportation arrangements can be made for groups of 10 or more with advance notice. Otherwise, the gallery is easily accessible by metro; it is only a few blocks from the King Street Metro on the yellow/blue line. A very cool find and opportunity since the conference is going to be in Washington, D.C. this year! http://www.elizabethstonegallery.com
Thursday, June 21
ALCTS 50th Anniversary Gala Dinner Cruise
Boarding • 6–7pm, Set Sail • 7pm
The ALCTS 50th Anniversary Gala Dinner will be held aboard the Odyssey Cruises ship, Odyssey III, which sails up the Potomac River past many of Washington's most popular sites including dining, dancing and other delights. Please register by June 8. Cost is $75 per person. Register now.
Friday, June 22
FAFLRT Awards Reception
Friday, June 22, 6:00-8:00 p.m. Army-Navy Club on Farragut Square (901 17th St. NW).
Members and those interested in federal libraries are welcome!
For Metro and parking information, see: [1]
WebJunction Member Reception
Friday, June 22, 5:00-7:30 p.m.(Renaissance Washington, Grand Ballroom Central)
Meet with WebJunction members to connect, network and provide feedback about the site's technology, content and programs—then join us for a reception and celebration. Registration
YALSA Happy Hour
Friday, June 22, 5:00-7:00 p. m. Old Dominion Brewery, which has the convenience of being located right at the Convention Center. Join current members and those interested in joining YALSA to mingle at this informal Happy Hour! Please go to the private room for half price appetizers and discounted spirits!
Education and Behavioral Sciences Section: Dinner Cruise
Pre-registration is required. Friday, June 22 from 5:00 - 8:00 p.m. on the Potomac River. A casual social event to encourage current and prospect EBSS members to network with their colleagues and learn more about EBSS opportunities and activities. Contact Lisa Romero at mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com. Register online at https://marvin.foresightint.com/surveys/Tier1Survey/ACRL/192
PUBLIB at ALA Annual, 2007
Friday, June 22, 5 - 7 p.m.
Poste (at Hotel Monaco)
Bar menu: eclectic, plates $12-$15 Courtyard will be open for drinks, "weather permitting"
The Publib Party Disaster Preparedness Plan! If Poste is closed or unavailable for any reason, then the backup place is Zaytinya
BRASS Reception
Friday, June 22, 5:30-7:30 p.m. Gordon Biersch, 900 F St. NW, Washington, DC 20004
The Business Reference and Services Section (BRASS), of RUSA, invites attendees to join us and learn more about us at a fun, informal reception.
Instruction Section Soiree
Friday, June 22, 5:30-7:30 p.m.
Informal social event for Instruction Section members. Contact Jennifer Dorner at mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com.
MARS Happy Hour
Friday, June 22, 5:30-7:30 p.m.
Meet RUSA MARTIANS of the RUSA Machine-Assisted Reference Section (MARS). Current and prospective members are welcome to our party.
STARS Social Hour
Friday, June 22, 6:00-7:30 p.m.
All STARS ( Sharing and Transforming Access to Resources Section) members of RUSA and those you would like to learn more about becoming a STAR are invited to this truly Social Hour.
ALCTS Experience: Open House (7 to 9pm, Convention Center, room 151A)
This informal, fun event is designed for first-time conference attendees and other guests to learn about the work ALCTS does from those who are doing it.
NMRT Meet & Greet
Friday, June 22, 7:30-8:30 p.m.
Come meet current and prospective members of the New Members Round Table (NMRT). This is a casual event for people to get to know one another.
College Library Section: Friday Night Feast
Pre-registration is required. Friday, June 22. Reconnect with colleagues, meet new ones, and learn more about CLS! Contact Dawn Thistle at mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com.
YALSA's 50th Anniversary Party Friday, June 23 from 10-Midnight at the Renaissance Washington in the Renaissance Ballroom West. Free for all registered conference attendees. Help YALSA celebrate its first 50 years! The party will begin immediately following the Booklist Books for Youth Forum, which will honor the first ever Michael L. Printz winners for excellence in young adult literature: Walter Dean Meyers for Monster; David Almond for Skellig; Laurie Halse Anderson for Speak; and Ellen Wittlinger for Hard Love. Appetizers and open bar!

Saturday, June 23
American Libraries Centennial Celebration
Saturday, June 23, 12:15-1:15 p.m.
Join AL editors and columnists for birthday cake and punch at the ALA Pavilion.
University Libraries Section: Social & Poster Session
Saturday, June 23, 3:30-4:30 p.m.
Contact Janice Simmons-Welburn at mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com.
Law and Political Science Section: Marta Lange / CQ Press Award Reception
Saturday, June 23, 4:30-6:30 p.m.
Contact Brian Coutts at mailto:email@example.com.
ALA/ProQuest Scholarship Event - Scholarship BASH
Saturday, June 23, 8:00-11:00 pm
The Scholarship Event is held to provide scholarships for graduate students in library and information studies. Buy your tickets early! Stay tuned for the announcment of the evening's entertainment.
Tickets: $35
Sunday, June 24
YALSA Anniversary Bash in the Booth
Sunday, 3:30 - 4:30 in the Exhibit Hall at YALSA's Member Booth in the ALA Member Pavilion (booth #2525). Join YALSA for some light refreshments, YALSA freebies and a book signing by author Simone Elkeles. First 125 to attend get a free Elkeles book.
Literatures in English Section Social
Sunday, June 24, 5:30-7:00 p.m.
Contact Kathleen A. Johnson at mailto:email@example.com.
ALCTS Awards Member Reception (5:30-7pm, Hotel Washington, Washington Room)
follows Awards Ceremony (4-5:30pm, Hotel Washington, Ballroom)
OCLC Blog Salon (Congressional Suite at the Grand Hyatt)
Sunday, June 24, 5:45 - 8:00 p.m.
OCLC will once again host a reception for Libraryland bloggers, pals of libraryland bloggers, bloggers-to-be. IAG announcement
Western European Studies Section: Dinner Cruise
Sunday, June 24, 6:00-9:00 p.m.
Pre-registration is required. Contact Rowena Griem at mailto:email@example.com
Cafe ALA - Student Reception - ALA NMRT
Sunday, June 24, 6:30-7:30 p.m.
Hotel: Hyatt Room: 'Lafayette Park'
This free reception for library/information science students offers coffees and deserts and a host of speakers, displays, and handouts about many of the various divisions of ALA. The Student Chapter of the Year Award (SCOTYA) will also be presented. This fun and informative event is open to all students, regardless of membership in the NMRT. Black clothes and berets optional. For more information, contact William Gee at mailto:email@example.com.
Science and Technology Section Dinner
Sunday, June 24, 6:30-9:30 p.m.
Pre-registration is required. Reconnect with colleagues, meet new ones, and learn more about STS! Contact Beth Thomsett-Scott at mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com.
ASCLA COSLA Reception
Sunday, June 24, 9:00 p.m. - Midnight
Meet ASCLA and COSLA members during this very social event. All Annual Conference attendees are welcome.
2007 Annual ALA Video Round Table Gala
Free Event!
WHEN: Sunday June 24 from 5:30-9:30 p.m.
WHERE: AFI Silver Theatre & Cultural Center, Silver Theatre II
8633 Colesville Road, Silver Spring, MD, Phone: (301) 495-6720 <br.
WHAT: Screening of film clips from Florentine Films' "The War," followed by a discussion with Lynn Novick,co-director/producer and Sarah Botstein, producer.
GLBT-RT Social
Sunday, June 24, 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.
639 Pennsylvania Ave. SE
Come meet the myriad people of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual & Transgendered Round Table! All Annual Conference attendees are welcome.
Suggested donation: $5
Monday, June 25
PLA President's Reception
Monday, June 25, 5:00 - 6:30 p.m.
Following the PLA President's Program and Awards Presentation, join PLA president Susan Hildreth for a gala, music-filled reception.
Open to all conference attendees!
Tuesday, June 26
American Libraries Centennial Celebration
Tuesday, June 26, 10:30-11:30 a.m.
Join AL editors and columnists for birthday cake and punch at the ALA Pavilion.


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Toolbox for Processing and Cataloging Federal Government Documents
Under Constuction - Please use Toolbox for Processing and Cataloging Federal Government Documents until transfer is complete. Return to Cataloging Committee wiki
- 1 GPO Item Selection and Classification Information
- 1.1 List of Classes of United States Government Publications Available for Selection by Depository Libraries
- 1.2 Documents Data Miner 2 (hereafter called DDM2)
- 1.3 WEBTech Notes
- 1.4 Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications
- 1.5 Depository Item Selection Profile
- 1.5.1 Item Deselection Tools prepared by Chris Brown
- 1.5.2 GPO Classification Manual
- 1.5.3 An Explanation of the SuDocs Classification System (archived)
- 1.5.4 Inactive or Discontinued Items from the 1950 Revision of the Classified List
- 1.5.5 Checklist of United States public documents 1789-1909, congressional: to close of Sixtieth Congress; departmental: to end of calendar year 1909
- 1.5.6 Sessions of Congress
- 1.5.7 U.S. Government Online Bookstore
- 2 Depository Processing Tools
- 2.1 Autodocs
- 2.2 FDLP Desktop
- 2.3 askGPO (formerly "Help")
- 2.4 WEBTech Notes
- 2.5 Shipping List Information
- 2.6 Cataloging Records
- 2.7 Other Cataloging Records
- 3 Collection Management Information
- 3.1 Administrative Notes
- 3.2 New Depository Coordinators [Tutorials]
- 3.3 Twenty-one Things To Do When Assuming Responsibility for A Federal Depository Library
- 3.4 LSCM Performance Metrics
- 3.5 Federal Depository Library PURL Referrals
- 3.6 Government Information Clearinghouse & Handout Exchange
- 3.7 Documents Data Miner 2 (DDM2)
- 3.8 FDLP Desktop
- 3.9 GovSpeak : A Guide to Government Acronyms & Abbreviations
- 3.10 Learning SuDocs Call Numbers
- 3.11 Superseded List and Guidelines
- 3.12 Union List of Item Selections
- 4 Cataloging Handbooks, Manuals, and Guides
- 4.1 Links to Selected Tools
- 4.2 GPO Cataloging Guidelines
- 4.3 Index of CC:DA Documents
- 4.4 Internet Library for Librarians
- 4.5 International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD)
- 4.6 [OCLC] Participating Institutions search page
- 4.7 MARC Standards
- 4.8 OCLC's Librarian's Toolbox
- 4.9 Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Implications of RDA for Federal Depository Libraries
- 5 Megapages by Library Organizations
- 5.1 ALCTS Professional Resources
- 5.2 Cataloguing Resources
- 5.3 Government Information Clearinghouse & Handout Exchange =
- 5.4 Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA
- 5.5 Map Cataloging Resources
- 5.6 Map Information and Place Names
- 5.7 Tool Collections by Individual Libraries
- 5.7.1 Cataloging Documentation on the Web
- 5.7.2 Cataloging Oasis
- 5.7.3 Cataloger's Reference Shelf
- 5.7.4 Cataloguing Cheat Sheets
- 5.7.5 Cataloguer's Toolbox
- 5.7.6 Cataloging at Yale
- 5.7.7 Authority Tools for Audiovisual and Music Catalogers: An Annotated List of Useful Resources
- 5.7.8 Library and Information Science Resources on the Web
- 5.7.9 TPOT: Catalog Department--Books & Maps Cataloging Unit
- 6 Verifying PURLs and Internet Resources
- 7 Agency Publication Indexes
- 7.1 Agency Index
- 7.2 DTIC (Public Technical Reports)
- 7.4 FDsys
- 7.5 Information Bridge
- 7.6 National Ocean Service Bathymetric & Fishing Maps
- 7.7 National Transportation Safety Board
- 7.9 NTRS: NASA Technical Report Server
- 7.10 Treesearch
- 7.11 TRIS Online
- 7.12 USGS Publications Warehouse
- 8 Library Catalogs
- 9 E-Mail Discussion Lists and Electronic Communities
- 10 About this Toolbox...
GPO Item Selection and Classification Information
List of Classes of United States Government Publications Available for Selection by Depository Libraries
The List of Classes, an essential tool for Federal Depository Libraries, includes the classes of publications and GPO item numbers associated with them. The electronic versions of this title, updated monthly, are more current than the printed version. The FDLP Desktop page links to the current PDF version (equivalent to print copies distributed to FDLP libraries, and includes a key to format designation codes and current versions of these text files: Inactive or Discontinued Items, List of Active Items and Class Stems, List of Classes, Inactive SuDoc Class Stems (This file was formerly entitled Classes No Longer Active, List of Classes, Appendix II), and Alphabetic Listing of Government Authors. This information is also available through the List of Classes Data Files page, where "date added" indicates the currency of the file.
Depository library staff should read the GPO announcement Required Item Number Selections 0556-C and 1004-E regarding GPO's practice of using these item numbers "to distribute key materials to all depository libraries."
Documents Data Miner 2 (hereafter called DDM2)
DDM2 provides a searchable database version based on GPO's text files. DDM2 users may download basic files as well as specific query returns.
WEBTech Notes
A database of class changes and updates to the List of Classes is available along with video instructions for its use.
Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications
Scanned by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and hosted by the Internet Archive, provides browsable pages of volumes produced from 1895 into the 20th century. The project is not complete but is intended to end with volumes for 1970.
Depository Item Selection Profile
Depository Selection Information Management System (DSIMS) went live on April 17, 2012, replacing the Amendment of Item Selection Form. Read Amending Your Library's Item Selection Profile in order to access the system, access the tutorial, view the newly-created item numbers, and more. GPO produced a document explaining the New Item Number Procedure for Selected Congressional Publications in November 2008. Libraries may wish to use DDM2 to determine which new EL items may have been added before amending their item selection profile. Item Lister reflects each depository library's current item selection profile. Updated weekly, Item Lister's currency displays at the bottom of the listing. Depository libraries may drop items from their profiles at any time using GPO's Amendment of Item Selections form. Using DSIMS, EL-only items may be added at any time. Tangible format items may be added throughout the year but selections will become effective with the new fiscal year that begins on October 1. Item selection information is also contained in DDM2, which integrates current Item Lister, List of Classes, and Union List of Item Selections data to provide complete information on each item number.
Item Deselection Tools prepared by Chris Brown
- Background info for the Item Selection Tool
- Item Deselection Tool for Colorado Selectives (but useful to all) This tool provides clickable links to records in GPO's Catalog of U.S. Government Publications (CGP).
- PowerPoint of Item Deselection on the Fast Track (Spring Depository Council Meeting, Tampa)
- PDF version of the slides on FDLP Web site
GPO Classification Manual
Current edition of the manual, revised January 1993, may be downloaded as a PDF file.
An Explanation of the SuDocs Classification System (archived)
This is a basic explanation for those who find the GPO Classification Manual too detailed.
Inactive or Discontinued Items from the 1950 Revision of the Classified List
Also known as the Inactive and Discontinued List, this listing of items, titles, and SuDocs classifications may be used to interpret early depository selection profiles for the purpose of profiling for early record loads. Electronic options include the searchable database in DDM2, and the text file from GPO.
Checklist of United States public documents 1789-1909, congressional: to close of Sixtieth Congress; departmental: to end of calendar year 1909
The 1911 third edition (revised and enlarged) is "an approximately complete checklist of all public documents issued by the United States Government during the first century and a quarter of its history." (p. vii). The digital copies available through the Internet Archive and UNT Digital Library include SuDoc classes for many early documents.
Sessions of Congress
A simple table of dates for all sessions of Congress which links to detailed session dates cumulated in the current Congressional Directory available on FDsys.
U.S. Government Online Bookstore
Formerly known as the Sales Product Catalog (SPC) and designed as a sales tool, this database can be sometimes be used to identify and classify GPO-produced titles before they are distributed to FDLP libraries.
Depository Processing Tools
H. Vernon Leighton lists Autodocs under Depository Library Software Tools. "Autodocs is an electronic check-in and shelflist system designed to be used with Microsoft Access 97 or later. It allows one to download an electronic shipping list to check-in and shelflist receipts without keying in shipping list data." Site includes "SuperC", the 2002 Superseded List, for both new Autodocs users and current users who want to upgrade.
FDLP Desktop
The FDLP Desktop includes many useful sections and tools. Legal Requirements & Program Regulations of the Federal Depository Library Program The June 2011 Legal Requirements superseded the January 2008 Federal Depository Library Handbook, which in turn supreseded these publications: Federal Depository Library Manual and the Instructions to Depository Libraries (and Supplements).
askGPO (formerly "Help")
GPO's Online Knowledge Base (frequently referred to as the "CRM") is designed to be a single point of contact for those with questions for GPO. When GPO systems are down, call 866-512-1800 (toll-free) or 202-512-1800 in the DC area to report problems. Customer service hours are 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. EST, Monday through Friday (except Federal holidays).
WEBTech Notes
WEBTech Notes records changes formerly published in Administrative Notes Technical Supplement. For late-breaking news, LPS posts announcements to GPO-FDLP-L. An archive is available. Contact Us offers a listing of GPO Library Service and Content Management managers for when askGPO is insufficient.
Shipping List Information
Processing Procedures
The Government Information Clearinghouse and Handout Exchange compiled by the GODORT Education Committee includes materials authored and used in a variety of libraries. Federal Depository Library Directory The Federal Depository Library Directory versions listed here can be used for a multitude of purposes, including identifying the library owner of misdirected shipments. All versions provide hotlinks to depository e-mail addresses and homepages. The official Web version of the Federal Depository Library Directory (FDLP) offers many public search options and depository staff may sign in for additional options. DDM2 supports Boolean searching by Depository number, name, city, state, and library type.
Cataloging Records
The following are sources of GPO cataloging records. | Non-GPO Records are also available
WorldCat contains GPO records from 1976- , plus earlier cataloging records contributed by other OCLC member institutions. Downloads available to subscribers only. Updated daily, GPO's Cataloging Branch creates records in this database. OCLC's FirstSearch service includes GPO (GPO Monthly Catalog) as a database for subscribers. OCLC also sells monthly batches of GPO records to be loaded into library catalogs.
MarciveWeb DOCS. The MARCIVE Enhanced GPO Database is available only to subscribers. The backfile (1976- ) includes the results of a project with Louisiana State University, Texas A & M University, and Rice University in which corrections and changes as posted to the Monthly Catalog were applied, records for dead and infrequent serials were examined and corrected, incorrect MARC tagging was corrected, and many other improvements (including authorities processing) were made to the records to make them more usable. Records may be saved and downloaded in MARC format. New records are made available monthly through either Ongoing Subscription or Documents Without Shelves. Ongoing service can be supplemented with weekly Shipping List Service (brief MARC records, SuDoc labels, smart barcode labels).
ProQuest, a commercial publisher, sells records to complement CIS microfiche collections (records are not accessible through the CIS page). These include the CIS US Congressional Committee Hearings 1789-1969, the CIS Index to Publications of the United States Congress 1970-, and the CIS US Executive Branch Documents 1789-1909.
Other Cataloging Records
The following are sources of non-GPO cataloging records
DOE Information Bridge MARC Records
The Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information offers free MARC records for the full-text reports available via the DOE Information Bridge. Over 200,000 reports can be downloaded by year or by subject category. Records are for documents dating primarily from 1991 forward and were produced by DOE, the DOE contractor community, and/or DOE grantees. Legacy documents from DOE and predecessor agencies, the Atomic Energy Commission and the Energy Research and Development Administration, are added as they become available in electronic format. FAQ available.
ERIC MARC Records
MARCIVE, Inc. sells ERIC MARC Records. The backfile covers the 435,662 title commercially-sold set of microfiche that dates from the 1950's to the present. About 70% of the records have URLs that link directly to the documents. MARCIVE also has the Internet-only titles from 2004 to the present. The ongoing subscription averages about 300 new records per month and includes the URL updates to the microfiche records.
Although ERIC records are included in other indices, the patron has to consciously think to use them. An architecture student would never think to look here for information on building cafeterias, nor would a psychology student think to look here for topics such as workplace stress. When these records are loaded into the online database, students find them through keyword access and can click on the links and go directly to the document. The FAQ contains more information. For pricing, sample records, and references, please contact Joan Chapa.
Collection Management Information
Administrative Notes
The newsletter of the Federal Depository Library Program ceased in 2009. Online coverage: 1996-2009. Replaced by FDLP Connection, which has its own archive. Archive of GPO (U.S. Government Printing Office) Online Programs Since 2007, GPO has presented and archived OPAL (Online Programming for All Libraries) programs on FDLP topics.
New Depository Coordinators [Tutorials]
An overview of the basics of being a depository coordinator, a list of resources with descriptions of what they are and how they can be used, and more.
Twenty-one Things To Do When Assuming Responsibility for A Federal Depository Library
Now maintained by Bobby Griffith, Melody Kelly originally prepared this list for students taking SLIS 5660, Government Information and Access Service, at the University of North Texas School of Library and Information Sciences (Denton, TX).
LSCM Performance Metrics
Along with monthly reports, the FDLP publishes Cumulative Metrics (FY 2005 - Present) as as a PDF file. Useful for those interested in monitoring the number of titles and online resources being added to the FDLP.
Federal Depository Library PURL Referrals
For many years, GPO has assisted libraries in their measurement of PURL usage by compiling statistics. In 2010, GPO announced an FDLP PURL Referral Tool (log in using internal FDLP password). GPO Modifies PURL Referrals Reporting offers background information and links to a file repository of published data.
Government Information Clearinghouse & Handout Exchange
Compiled by the GODORT Education Committee, this site includes subject specific handouts and materials, such as collection development policies authored and used in a variety of libraries.
Documents Data Miner 2 (DDM2)
Documents Data Miner 2 is a partnership of Wichita State University, the National Institute for Aviation Research, and the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP). Designed to support management of federal depository library collections, DDM2 combines files from the latest version of the List of Classes of United States Government Publications Available for Selection by Depository Libraries, the Inactive and Discontinued List, the Item Lister's Current Item Number Selection Profiles for Depository Libraries, and the Federal Depositories Library Directory.
FDLP Desktop
Many useful FDLP titles are linked from this suite of publications and tools. Those attempting to locate missing documents, or to build a collection retrospectively should not overlook the national Needs and Offers List, listed under "Manage Your Collection."
GovSpeak : A Guide to Government Acronyms & Abbreviations
Lists acronyms and abbreviations commonly used by the United States federal government, compiled by Kelly Smith. AALL/GODORT Government Documents Tutorial "The purpose of this application is to help library workers understand and implement basic procedures for processing U.S. federal publications and information resources."
Learning SuDocs Call Numbers
An interactive tutorial for teaching SuDocs call numbers, sponsored by the Continuing Education Fund Working Group of the Education Committee of the American Library Association's Government Documents Round Table. Originally designed by Becky Fox, former staff member of the Michigan State University Libraries.
Superseded List and Guidelines
In 2008, the FDLP posted new guidelines for identifying superseded materials, retaining the 2002 and 1996 editions of the Superseded List for use as reference materials.
Union List of Item Selections
Which Federal Depository Libraries select which item numbers? The Government Printing Office's Depository Library Union List contains selections by Federal Depository libraries in two zipped file versions: one comma delimited, one fixed field. The information is also contained in DDM2, which integrates data from the current List of Classes and is updated whenever GPO issues an updated file.
Cataloging Handbooks, Manuals, and Guides
Links to Selected Tools | Megapages by Library Organizations | Tools Collections by Individual Libraries
Links to Selected Tools
ANSI/NISO Z39.71 - Holdings Statements for Bibliographic Items
This NISO standard, published in 2006, "specifies display requirements for holdings statements for bibliographic items to promote consistency in the communication and exchange of holdings information." Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Implications of RDA for Federal Depository Libraries Links to reports on the progress of RDA implementation by national libraries. GPO will update this page to reflect new developments.
Cataloging Service Bulletin
A quarterly publication published by the Cataloging Distribution Service, Library of Congress from no.1 (Summer 1978) through the last issue 128 (Fall 2010).
CONSER : Cooperative Online Serials
Many libraries participate, and still more use the serial records produced by this International Cooperative Serials Cataloging Program and Component of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging. The CONSER site includes a wealth of useful links, such as the CONSER Cataloging Manual Module 31 : Remote Access Electronic Serials (Online Serials), available from the Serials Cataloging Issues page.
GPO Cataloging Guidelines
Links to GPO's current Cataloging Guidelines. The fourth edition and its amendments through 2008 are available at from GPO Cataloging Guidelines.
Index of CC:DA Documents
Compiled by the Association for Library Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS, a division of the American Library Association) Committee on Cataloging: Description & Access (CC:DA).
Internet Library for Librarians
While not comprehensive, the Internet Library for Librarians has many pages of interest, among them, Cataloging: Organizing Internet Resources: Traditional Cataloging Approach.
International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD)
Supersedes earlier ISBDs prepared by the IFLA Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC Programme. Designed to be compliant with the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), the ISBD consolidated edition merges the texts of the seven specialized ISBDs (for books, maps, serials, sound recordings, computer files and other electronic resources, etc.) into one.
[OCLC] Participating Institutions search page
This resource allows one to"find a library or group of libraries, their symbols and policies. Enter whatever you know—part of a name, city, etc. To search for a group of libraries, type 'or' between your search terms; for example, 'DC or MD or VA'", or search by OCLC Symbol to learn the institutions' names. Don't confuse the OCLC resource (above) with the Web version of MARC Code List for Organizations. This resource, published by the Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office, "contains short alphabetic codes used to represent names of libraries and other kinds of organizations that need to be identified in the bibliographic environment."
MARC Standards
Published by the Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office. Includes standards for MARC concise format records for bibliographic, authority, holdings, classification, and community information. The following quick links may be of interest: Understanding MARC Bibliographic: Machine-Readable Cataloging, Guidelines for Coding Electronic Resources in Leader/06, Guidelines for the Use of Field 856, USMARC Concise Format for Bibliographic Data, and many others.
OCLC's Librarian's Toolbox
OCLC is a tool used by GPO and most libraries, so one should learn how to use it effectively. Browse OCLC Cataloging Connexion Documentation for authoritative information. Documentation titles include Bibliographic Formats and Standards, Cataloging Electronic Resources: OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines, revised July 11, 2006.
Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Implications of RDA for Federal Depository Libraries
Links to reports on the progress of RDA implementation by national libraries. GPO will update this page to reflect new developments.
Megapages by Library Organizations
ALCTS Professional Resources
From the American Library Association ALCTS Web site.
Cataloguing Resources
Available as a link from the Special Library Association's Librarians' Resource Centre, developed by Margaret Gross and maintained by Dave Hook .
Government Information Clearinghouse & Handout Exchange =
This GODORT Education Committee project includes links to processing, cataloging, and collection management guides.
Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA
The Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (JSC) is the new name of the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR). The JSC was responsible for maintaining the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, and is now working on a new code, "RDA: Resource Description and Access" scheduled to be released at the end of November 2009. Site includes information on the transition from AACR2 to RDA.
Map Cataloging Resources
List of resources related to Map Cataloging by Kathy Rankin, included in the Western Association of Map Libraries' Map Librarian's Toolbox, authored by Linda Zellmer.
Map Information and Place Names
From the ALA/GODORT International Documents Task Force's Toolbox for Processing and Cataloging International and Foreign Government Documents. Includes the Map Cataloging Resources above, and more.
Tool Collections by Individual Libraries
Cataloging Documentation on the Web
Created and maintained by Shirley Lincicum to support the efforts of staff at the University of Oregon's Knight Library (Eugene, OR).
Cataloging Oasis
Created and maintained by staff at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries (Cambridge, MA), the MIT Cataloging Oasis page has been designed to provide many of the "little bits" of information catalogers need on a daily basis.
Cataloger's Reference Shelf
The Library Corporation's Cataloger's Reference Shelf provides guides in theses topical areas: MARC Data Formats; MARC Code Lists; Other Reference Manuals; and Subject Cataloging Manuals.
Cataloguing Cheat Sheets
Written by J. McRee Elrod of Special Libraries Cataloging, Victoric, BC, Canada, these address many topics, including government documents.
Cataloguer's Toolbox
Maintained by Charley Pennell, Principal Cataloger for Metadata, Metadata & Cataloging Dept., NCSU Libraries, North Carolina State University and Suzanne Ellison, Bibliographic Control Services Division, Memorial University of Newfoundland.
Cataloging at Yale
The clear and thorough procedural documentation found at this site (e.g., Authority Control Workflow for Yale Catalog Librarians) serves as a model for other cataloging departments. Includes Music Cataloging at Yale.
Authority Tools for Audiovisual and Music Catalogers: An Annotated List of Useful Resources
This listing of online and printed resources, originally compiled by Subcommittee on Authority Tools, Cataloging Policy Committee, OnLine Audiovisual Catalogers, Inc., is part of the OnLine Audiovisual Catalogers website.
Library and Information Science Resources on the Web
This Intuit guide's "Tools by Department" includes links to a variety of department-based guides, including cataloging.
TPOT: Catalog Department--Books & Maps Cataloging Unit
Site has a collection of processing and cataloging procedures for U.S. government documents from the University of California, San Diego (San Diego, CA).
Verifying PURLs and Internet Resources
This section also includes Web Search Tools and Agency publication indexes.
GPO no longer makes a PURL search form available for public use. To locate a GPO PURL, search for the title in CGP and note the PURL and the associated URL recorded in the record. The following tools may assist in locating PURLs or URLs for federal information for use in catalogs or Web pages. Nan Myers and Arlene Weible's "Suggested Checklist for Local Decision-Making: Working with URLS/PURLS in Your Local Catalog" may prove a useful guide. For statistics of registered GPO PURL referrals, see the Federal Depository Library PURL Referrals link above.
Internet Archive
Also known as "the Wayback Machine", this site allows the viewing of archived Web pages. Note that not all versions of pages are available. The Internet archive at the New Library of Alexandria, Egypt, mirrors the Wayback Machine.
Federal Web Harvests
NARA harvested (i.e., captured) files from Federal Agency public web sites in 2004 and of Congressional web sites in 2006. This site may contain documents and web pages of interest.
New Electronic Titles
GPO's listing of new additions to the Federal Depository Library Program Electronic Collection. Titles are derived from GPO's Catalog of U.S. Government Publications by limiting searches to ranges of dates.
Web Search Tools
(Listed in alphabetical order.) In most cases, search titles in "quotation marks" for best results.
Formerly known as "ask Jeeves."
Microsoft's search engine.
Allows use of slashtags to search only user-chosen sites.
A mashup of many sources, including its own Web crawler (DuckDuckBot), DuckDuckGo also offers a customized Chrome browser for download.
The "search and directory" division of InfoSpace, Dogpile searches a variety of services.
Advanced search options include restricting searches to government sites by domains such as .gov, .mil. Caches indexed pages for future retrieval.
A metasearch service that combines various existing search/index guides into one service.
An official U.S. government web portal, formerly known as FirstGov.gov and USA.gov.
Web Crawler
A metasearch service that combines various existing search/index guides into one service.
Choose "advanced search options" to restrict searches to particular domains or servers.
Agency Publication Indexes
Federal agencies cataloging or indexing their own publications make it easier to verify citations or even download digitized versions. Searching agency catalogs may be necessary to locate titles not retrieved by search engines. Judith Jordet's June 2006 GOVDOC-L posting DDM2 List of Agencies is a list of 60 agencies that contribute to the FDLP through the GPO (out of 5,800). For agencies not listed, she suggests searching agency Web sites.
Agency Index
Maintained by staff of the Washburn University School of Law, this collection of links to U.S. federal agency Web pages is presented in tablular form. Where known, the list links to the agency's Homepage, Publications, Chart, Forms, Opinions, Manuals, Library, and Directory. Congressional-Executive Commission on the People's Republic of China Not all of the Commission publications are retrieved using search engines. Site includes an Index for Hearings and an Index for Roundtables.
DTIC (Public Technical Reports)
The Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)'s Scientific and Technical Information Network (STINET) Service helps the DoD community access pertinent scientific and technical information to meet mission needs effectively.
Professional Library Services Technical publications from the Army Corps of Engineers' Engineer Research & Development Center. Includes links to the ERDC Online Publications Digital Archive, ERDC Online Catalogs, and links to publication pages of these units: Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory; Cold Regions Engineering and Research Laboratory; Construction Engineering Research Laboratory; Environmental Laboratory; Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory; Information Technology Laboratory; and the Topographic Engineering Center.
Successor to GPO Access, GPO's Federal Digital System (FDsys) provides public access to government information submitted by Congress and Federal agencies and preserved as technology changes.
Information Bridge
DOE Scientific and Technical Information. Provides free public access to full-text documents and bibliographic citations of Department of Energy (DOE) research report literature. Documents are primarily from 1994 forward and were produced by DOE, the DOE contractor community, and/or DOE grantees. Legacy documents are added as they become available in electronic format.
National Ocean Service Bathymetric & Fishing Maps
Download Maps as Scanned Images. Preview files open readily but some of the full size map files are very large and are zipped to assist in downloading. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) The National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Publications Office offers Publication & Reference Links.
National Transportation Safety Board
NTSB reports include accidents and studies, arranged by topic. Topics include Aviation; Highway; Marine; Pipeline; Hazardous Materials; and Railroad.
Since January 17, 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency's National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP) includes EPA's National Environmental Publications Internet Site (NEPIS) database, with more than 24,000 digital titles available for download at no charge. Site includes an explanation of EPA's Publication Numbering System.
NTRS: NASA Technical Report Server
With consolidation, NRTS includes technical reports from 1917-1958 by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NASA's predecessor) as well as technical reports from 1959- by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Treesearch is an online system for locating and delivering publications by Research and Development scientists in the United States Forest Service.
TRIS Online
TRIS is a bibliographic database funded by sponsors of the Transportation Research Board (TRB), primarily the state departments of transportation and selected federal transportation agencies. TRIS Online is hosted by the National Transportation Library under a cooperative agreement between the Bureau of Transportation Statistics and TRB. Users may search the National Transportation Library, its NTL Digital Repository, and the Transportation Research Thesaurus.
USGS Publications Warehouse
The Publications Warehouse of the United States Geological Survey includes: Bibliographic citations for over 70,000 publications; Full product and thematic map content for over 40,000 publications; and USGS numbered series begun in 1880.
Library Catalogs
The following catalogs include records for U.S. federal publications.
"A resource of over 4,000 libraries worldwide" maintained by Marshall Breeding, Technology Analyst for the Heard Library at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN, lib-web-cats includes Library Web Pages, Online Catalogs, and System Profiles. Allows one to locate libraries using a particular library automation system to see how records appear.
Catalog of U.S. Government Publications
Also known as "CGP)", this is an Ex Libris Aleph 500 catalog and includes GPO records from 1976- (more than 500,000 records). Many search options are available. For technical services staff, the Advanced search supports Boolean searches using drop-down menus. The Expert search allows one to use Aleph's common command language for efficient searches, e.g., 035=xxxxxxxxx for OCLC number. See help for examples.
Catalog of the University of Delaware Library. This is an Ex Libris (Aleph) catalog. Online titles use "Internet" as a location and "Electronic" as part of the call number.
FDLP Libraries Directory
The public may search the catalogs of many federal depository libraries using links from this directory.
Oakland University
Catalog of Oakland University. This is a Voyager catalog. Connection can be made via the Internet. Online titles use "Electronic Data" as a location and "AVAILABLE ONLY ONLINE" as the call number. URLs are hotlinked in this catalog.
OhioLINK Central Catalog
The OhioLINK Central Catalog of the Ohio Library and Information Network. OhioLINK selected Innovative Interfaces, Inc. to develop the unique software system to create the OhioLINK catalog. Connection can be through the Web.
Peak Catalog
Catalog of the Penrose Library, University of Denver, CO. This is an Innovative Interfaces, Inc. OPAC. A special feature of this catalog are the thousands of hotlinked URLs associated with federal government titles maintained in a related database by members of the Library staff. Connection can be through the Web. A keyword search on "http" (or "ftp") should return all documents with the search term in the 856 field.
E-Mail Discussion Lists and Electronic Communities
AUTOCAT is a semi-moderated international electronic discussion list running on LISTSERV(R) software. It serves as an electronic forum for the discussion of all questions relating to cataloging and authority control in libraries. The range of topics discussed extends from the very broad to the very specific, from the very theoretical to the most pragmatic. A searchable archive is available to subscribers.
DocTech-L is an e-mail discussion list devoted to questions regarding the technical processing of Government Documents.
GOVDOC-L is a LISTSERV® based discussion forum about government information and the Federal Depository Library program. This list may be monitored and used by FDLP officials to discover problems and provide answers. Postings are archived at Penn State's Archives of email@example.com.
FDLP mailing list
GPO-FDLP-L, the GPO-sponsored list of announcements for Federal Depository Library Program participants is beling replaced and subscribers will not be automatically transferred to the new list. Go to News & Events and fill in the form to "join our mailing list" to subscribe. An GPO-FDLP-L archive exists, which may be searched or browsed. Other GPO lists are linked from the GPOLISTSERV page. Library Technical Services Group Part of the FDLP Community, the Library Technical Services Group is a forum for technical services staff in Federal Depository Libraries and others to discuss issues related to the acquisition and cataloging of U.S. federal materials. Discussion topics may include GPO item numbers, depository profiling, processing techniques, and cataloging. Postings to the group generate email notifications to those who subscribe.
The Maps and Air Photo Systems Forum is an international discussion forum primarily for Map Librarians. The list includes subscribers from the USGS and includes discussion of map processing and cataloging issues. Subscription information and archived messages are available from at the MAPS-L web site.
SERIALST (Serials in Libraries Discussion Forum) is an informal electronic forum for the discussion of most aspects of serials processing in libraries. Appropriate topics include (but are not limited to): cataloging, acquisitions, collection management, serials budgets and pricing concerns, binding, preservation, microfilm and other non-print serials media, union list activities, announcements, news, and job postings that are of interest to the serials community. Archives may be browsed or searched.
"The official catalog of LISTSERV® lists" allows users to browse or search for lists of interest.
About this Toolbox...
These tools are of use to personnel who process and catalog materials distributed through the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) which is administered by the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). Many are available at no charge via the Internet. GPO staff members catalog and index United States federal government publications, creating or adapting most of the USMARC records used by FDLP library participants. This Toolbox brings together tools and guides for both new and experienced library staff who process and catalog depository materials.
This page created and edited by John A. Stevenson and the Cataloging Committee of the American Library Association's Government Documents Round Table. It is currently being updated by the GODORT Cataloging Committee.
Comments and suggestions may be directed to the chair of the GODORT Cataloging Committee.
Document maintained on server http://www2.lib.udel.edu/ by John A. Stevenson, Acquisitions Department, University of Delaware Library. Last modified: 11/8/13


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text:
Tim Fite Reaps Enormous Praise For Over The Counter Culture
Billboard Calls Fite's New Free Disc, "The First Must-Hear Album of 2007"
Confirmed for Bonnaroo This Summer
Brooklyn-based multi-genrist Tim Fite is garnering rave reviews for his new album, Over The Counter Culture, which has been available for free download through his website (www.timfite.com), iTunes, and emusic since February 20th. Fite's fifteen tracker – a blistering examination of commercial culture and it's adverse effects on life in general, and on rap music specifically – has yielded acclaim from Billboard, NPR's Sound Opinions, The Boston Globe and The Chicago Tribune.
"One of the best albums of the new year can't be bought," writes The Tribune's Greg Kot. "Over the Counter Culture is both a critique and a celebration of hip-hop. It's packed with crackling beats, wicked humor and 'did he just say that?' audacity."
Elsewhere, The Globe called OTCC "the kind of brazen, self-aware political critique that harkens back to early Public Enemy," while Billboard's Todd Martens proclaimed the disc, "the first must-hear album of 2007, a scathingly sarcastic look and consumerism, politics and corporate hip-hop."
Temporarily putting the folkish leanings exhibited on 2005's acclaimed Gone Ain't Gone (Anti-) to the side, the sharp-edged OTCC took shape because – as Fite told The Globe – he needed "to blow off some steam," adding, "With the climate of our culture presently, with the war and the escalation of bad business and globalization and commercials, commercials, commercials, I couldn't make another encoded album."
"You cannot address politics about consumerism and put it out in the same way that any record would come out," says Fite in the Billboard feature of the decision to give his music away. "It would be wrong . . . As much as I need to pay my bills, and it'd be great to sell some records, this is not a record for sale. These ideas are not for sale. These ideas should be for free."
As word spreads on Fite, the thought-provoking artist has just been confirmed for the world famous 2007 Bonnaroo Festival, slated for June 14 – 17 in Manchester, Tennessee. And in related news, Fite's new video for "Camoflage" – in which he intones "a fashion statement for a fascist nation" – is currently featured on the You Tube main page and has already received over 150,000 plays.


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Today the always entertaining Washington political blogger Howard Mortman used a little digital photoshoppery to encourage his readers to visualize opening day at Nationals Stadium in April, 2009.
Middle of the 4th inning.
Once again, Teddy comes in last, embarrassing himself while losing
to Abe, George and Tom.
But who's that new President with the big ears and winning smile?
Howard, you may have gotten just two things wrong with your prediction. One is that instead of "Nationals Stadium," you're more likely to be reporting from Geico Field. Two is that regardless of opponent, Teddy, with his eternally sunny outlook, does not ever appear to embarrass himself.
Filed under: Presidents Race | Tagged: barack obama, howard mortman, Nationals Stadium, Presidents Race | 6 Comments »


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Last week, as the ink was still drying on the newly signed fiscal cliff bill and politicians began staking positions over a federal government shutdown, the debt ceiling and sequestration spending cuts, a sweeping proposal for tax reform that might help avoid some of this nastiness went mostly unheralded.
If Congress were to eliminate all tax expenditures, it could cut individual income tax rates by about 44% and still generate about the same amount of revenue, the IRS' taxpayer advocate said in a report that went mostly unnoticed.
Overburdened taxpayers may be surprised to learn they have an advocate at the IRS — indeed, they're paying for her extensive efforts, and politicians might do well to heed the report she is law-bound to produce at the start of each year.
As head of the Office of the Taxpayer Advocate, Nina Olson is authorized to make legislative proposals to Congress. Her proposals are independent of the administration and not vetted by the Office of Management and Budget before their delivery to the people's representatives.
Olson is required by law to report on at least 20 of the "most serious" problems taxpayers encounter, and she identified 23 for the tax year 2012.
The first one discussed (though she says the 23 are not ranked in priority terms) is the complexity of the tax code, and Olson's report does not mince words. Indeed, she views the need for tax reform as entirely independent of our current fiscal troubles:
"The existing tax code inflicts significant, even unconscionable, burden on taxpayers, and Congress could alleviate much of that burden by vastly simplifying the tax code," she writes. "Thus, our advocacy for tax reform is longstanding and wholly unrelated to deficit reduction."
What Olson finds "unconscionable" and, elsewhere "profoundly disturbing," is a low rate of public trust, as evidenced by a survey the Taxpayer Advocate commissioned, based on a representative survey of 3,300 taxpayers, finding that just 16% believe U.S. tax laws are fair.
Contributing to this view are the difficulty of compliance, with individuals and businesses devoting 6.1 billion hours a year to tax filing; the monetary costs involved, with individuals and businesses forking over $168 billion annually on return preparation; the incomprehensibility of the code, "leaving many taxpayers unaware how their taxes are computed and what rate of tax they pay;" and the tax avoidance and outright fraud that the system's complexity facilitates, among other problems the report identifies.
To these problems, Olson offers solutions that are nothing but radical in Washington's political culture, which just passed a fiscal cliff bill loaded with tax breaks for enviromentalists, Hollywood moguls and NASCAR track owners, while restoring payroll taxes for ordinary Americans.
Writes Olson:
"To alleviate taxpayer burden and enhance public confidence in the integrity of the tax system, the National Taxpayer Advocate urges Congress to vastly simplify the tax code. In general, this means paring back the number of income exclusions, exemptions, deductions and credits (generally known as "tax expenditures")… If Congress were to eliminate all tax expenditures, it could cut individual income tax rates by about 44% and still generate about the same amount of revenue."
Olson's advice to Congress is surprisingly outside of the Beltway and is based on zero-based budgeting concepts:
"Congress should look at each provision in the code and ask questions like: 'Does this government incentive make sense?'; 'If it does, is it better administered through the tax code or as a direct spending program?'; 'However well intentioned, is it doing what it was intended to do?'; and 'If yes, can it be administered without imposing unreasonable burdens on taxpayers or the IRS?' A tax benefit should be retained only if Congress determines that the public policy benefits of keeping it outweigh the complexity burden it imposes."
See also:
Tax reform: The battle has just begun
PPACA taxes and fees: Coming to a return near you
Is permanent the new temporary with the Taxpayer Relief Act?


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Campo de Fiori (Aspen)
Campo de Fiori (Aspen)
Campo de Fiori - Aspen, CO
Archival pigment print professionally made in New York City. Personally signed and approved for quality before being shipped to customers. All images come framed in either Black or White, and some are offered with special color frames (see the About page for more information).
*Note - website images are low resolution - final images may differ slightly from website to ensure highest quality accuracy (crispness, shadows, colors, etc.)
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April 28, 2019
We feel as though our calling is to be God's people at this time and place. We believe church should be a foretaste of the Kingdom of God and an outpost of Christian community and work. We try to live out this supreme calling by focusing on four more specific callings: worship, discipleship, mission and community. Learn more.
Because our identity is found in Christ, we welcome all people, regardless of race, gender, gender identity, sexualorientation, marital status, physical and mental ability, and nationality into full participation in the life of thiscongregation.
The Bible doesn't just call us to believe the faith, but to act on it. In mission, we seek to share the faith we believe and to act on the good news we celebrate. We hope to help God love the world back into wholeness. Our work includes a literacy program at MLK Elementary in Little Rock, helping house the homeless through Family Promise, opportunities for worship, education, recreation, and sanctuary at the Lake Nixon Outdoor Center, providing school supplies for at risk children in Helena, AR, and working with AIDS orphans in South Africa.
222 East 8th StreetLittle Rock, Arkansas 72202Church Office: 501.374.9284Fax Line: 501.374.9286
Lake Nixon Office: 501.225.6525Lake Nixon Preschool: 501.228.0202Fax line: 501.228.0266
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Book Direct with the Owner at Coxs Creek Australia Vacation Accommodation Great Ocean Road Agent in Coxs Creek, for all your holiday and travel needs.
Address: 1245 Coxs Creek Road, Rylstone NSW 2849
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Ameca splendens (Butterfly Goodeid)
Is the temperature range really supposed to read 24-24˚C or is that a typo? If it helps, fishbase.de lists their natural temperature range as 26°C-3...
5th Oct 2019
Trichopsis pumila – Sparkling Gourami (Ctenops pumilus, Trichopsis pumilus var. siamensis)
In my experience mature fish are not quite as hard to sex as it sounds. Once you recognize the ovary (yellowish organ extending past the belly) you ca...
5th Sep 2019
Trichopodus trichopterus (Three-spot Gourami)
I have a pair of this species in an 80 cm aquarium, that were combined with pentazona barbs and kuhli loaches. Though the gouramis sometimes quarreled...
4th Sep 2019
Horabagrus brachysoma (Sun Catfish)
This species is bread in captivity by scientists of NBFGR Kochi(kerala state,India).
29th Jul 2019
The HMF – What's That?
Awesome guide for which I am most grateful.
Question 1 - For very small tanks the the use of 40mm sponge would be impractical if not impossible to ...
27th Jul 2019
In zoological nomenclature, the biological type (normally either a genus, species, or specimen) that determines how a name is applied.
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The Aubrey Medical Lipo Laser App is an easy-to-use, free mobile app created to stay informed and connected with us every day through a variety of great features. This fantastic interactive app provides you with the following innovative features: -Quick Contact- Quick contact features including click-to-call, map directions, and e-mail. -Share- Easy to share with Friends on Facebook & Twitter with a press of a button. - Appointments - Experience Hassle-Free Appointment scheduling by using this app with Aubrey Medical Lipo Laser on the go. - Deals/Coupons - Get exclusive Deals/Coupons via this app to save big daily. - In App Messaging - Use In-App Messaging to have real time communication with Aubrey Medical Lipo Laser including audio, text, and photo message capabilities.
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We make shoes for children of all ages, from babies taking their first steps to teenagers stepping out.
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Dr. Shroom was kind enough to comment on erdoc85's "Karma" post where erodc85 opined that, even though the patient whose life he was saving was an evil-to-the-core JCAHO paper-pushing monkey screaming for narcotics (they were almost the last thing he needed to stabilize his inferior myocardial infarction), the result was that in 40 minutes the patient was in the cardiac cath lab having his heart attack stopped in its tracks. The JCAHO standard is 30 minutes so erdoc85 will probably fall out of the 'core measure' goals established by JCAHO and others, and be appropriately punished perhaps (wouldn't it just be great) by the anencephalic ass-monkey whose life he saved. But I digress. Dr Shroom, working in a system that you, the public, seem to think will 'fix' our current crisis says the following...
Nice post. Nothing sums up, for me, the difference between the UK and the US better than the phrase "door to balloon at 3a.m 40 minutes... not excellent". Where [I] work, a large University teaching hospital, a regional centre for interventional cardiology, there is NO balloon out of hours. None. Ever. Go figure.
I, and many like me, will refuse to work in such a system and you, the public, consumers of health care, should rant and scream and picket and protest to stop it. Excellence will no longer be the goal of our care, medicocrity will be the goal and it will be quickly acheived. The idea is that all should suffer equally. The reality is that excellent care will still be available, but it will be for the rich only.
As it stands now excellent care is available to everyone in our country, period, and the money is coming from people with insurance, hospitals, and nurses and doctors in the form of pay cuts and declining reimbursements- and it's not nearly enough. It is killing us, and even criminals and illegals are GIVEN this care by law (see millions of prior posts on EMTALA). Patient's HAVE to own some responsibility for their health care, if they do not, Hillary-care or its clone will make all care here for normal folks just like DMV. I don't want it to happen, I am fighting against it, but until the voting public sees this it is inevitable.
And Dr. Shroom, please understand, I hold you in the highest respect. I am fairly sure from reading your blog that you are an excellent ER physician and probably better at it than any of us car-crash physicians on this blog. I am sorry that you are in a position of learned helplessness dictated to you from above, and, as a side note, if the Archbishop of Canterbury has his way and Sharia law becomes an alternative law of the land in Great Britain then I would run, not walk, over here. We've got a spot for you amigo, even if you are a limey.


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Using natural language processing for qualitative data analysis. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 15(6). presented at the 2012. doi:10.1080/13645579.2011.625764. (2012). NLP_for_qualitative_analysis.pdf (315.93 KB)
Machine Learning and Rule-Based Automated Coding of Qualitative Data. American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIST) Annual Conference. presented at the 10/2010, Pittsburgh, PA.. (2010). ml_nlp.pdf (249.71 KB) ASIST poster 2p final.pdf (184.79 KB)
Asynchronous Decision-Making in Distributed Teams (Poster). Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. presented at the 8–12 November, San Diego, CA.. (2008). CSCW2008Poster11x17Draft.pdf (198.92 KB)
Decision Making Paths in Self-Organizing Technology-Mediated Distributed Teams. Proceedings of the International Conference on Open Source Systems. Paris, France, 14-17 December.. (2008). Decision Making Paths in Self Organizing Technology Mediated Dist.pdf (159.03 KB)
Emergent decision-making practices in Free/Libre Open Source Software FLOSS development teams. Proceedings of the IFIP 3rd International Conference on Open Source Software. Limerick, Ireland, 10-14 June.. (2007). 20070320 OSS Conference_v15_final submitted.pdf (178.87 KB)
HSD 2007 poster - Small PDF (5.93 MB) SD 2007 poster - Full Adobe PDF (41.76 MB)
Emergent decision-making practices in technology-supported self-organizing distributed teams. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS). Milwaukee, WI, 10–13 Dec.. (2006). Emergent Decision Making Practices In Technology Supported Self O.pdf (360.42 KB)
hsd2006poster (69.42 MB)


text: Join the conversation! Register at Metromix to upload photos and submit reviews for your favorite places and events in Chicago and the suburbs. Help spread the word by submitting information on an upcoming event or notifying our team of a new restaurant/bar or other venue popping up in the city and the surrounding 'burbs.


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There are total 11 letters in Confusingly, Starting with C and ending with Y.
Confusingly is a scrabble word? Yes (20 Points) Confusingly has worth 20 Scrabble points.
An Anagram is collection of word or phrase made out by rearranging the letters of the word. All Anagram words must be valid and actual words.
Browse more words to see how anagram are made out of given word.
In Confusingly C is 3rd, O is 15th, N is 14th, F is 6th, U is 21st, S is 19th, I is 9th, G is 7th, L is 12th, Y is 25th letters in Alphabet Series.


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Atherosclerosis is hardening of a blood vessel from a buildup of plaque. Plaque is made of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and calcium. It builds on the inside lining of arteries. This causes the artery to narrow and harden. As plaque builds up, it can slow and even stop blood flow.
Endarterectomy is a surgery to remove this build-up and improve blood flow. Surgery is most often performed on:
- Carotid arteries in the neck that supply blood to the brain (most common)
- The aorta (the body's largest artery)—delivers blood from the heart and circulates it throughout the body
- Iliac and femoral arteries of the legs
- Renal arteries that supply the kidneys with blood
Reasons for Procedure
This surgery is done to remove the build-up of deposits and improve blood flow. After the surgery, the symptoms of reduced blood flow, such as stroke , digestive problems, and leg cramps should improve.
Possible Complications
If you are planning to have endarterectomy, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
- Bleeding
- Stroke, particularly if the carotid arteries are involved
- Blood clots
- Adverse reaction to the anesthesia
- Infection
Before your procedure, talk to your doctor about ways to manage factors that may increase your risk of complications such as:
Your risk of complications may also be increased if you have plaque build-up in other vessels.
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
Before the surgery, your doctor will:
- Give you an exam to make sure that you are healthy enough for the surgery
- Take images of your arteries
Talk to your doctor about your medications. You may be asked to stop taking some medications up to one week before the procedure.
In addition, you may be instructed to:
- Avoid eating or drinking after midnight the night before the surgery.
- Arrange for a ride home from the hospital.
You may have:
- General anesthesia —blocks any pain and keeps you asleep through the surgery; given through an IV
- Local anesthesia—numbs an area of your body so that you stay awake through the surgery
Description of the Procedure
Incisions will be made over the diseased part of the artery. The location will depend on the artery that is being unblocked.
In the abdomen and legs, the artery above the obstruction will be clamped during the repair. The lower half of the body can go without blood supply during the time it takes to do the surgery. If surgery is done on the neck, the blood around the surgical site may first be rerouted. This will keep blood going to the brain.
The inside of the artery will be cleaned out. Care will be taken not to have small fragments of the deposits break off and flow downstream, causing stroke or arterial occlusion. After the artery is cleaned out, the artery and the skin will be closed with sutures or staples.
How Long Will It Take?
Several hours, depending on the severity of the disease
How Much Will It Hurt?
After surgery, there will be pain from the incisions. Ask your doctor about medication to help reduce discomfort.
Average Hospital Stay
This procedure is done in a hospital setting. The usual length of stay is one day to one week. You may need to stay longer if complications occur.
Post-procedure Care
While you are recovering at the hospital, you may receive the following care:
- You will be monitored to make sure that you are not bleeding, clotting, or developing an infection.
- You will also be monitored to make sure that your wound is healing properly and that your pain is managed.
During your stay, the hospital staff will take steps to reduce your chance of infection such as:
- Washing their hands
- Wearing gloves or masks
- Keeping your incisions covered
There are also steps you can take to reduce your chances of infection such as:
- Washing your hands often and reminding visitors and healthcare providers to do the same
- Reminding your healthcare providers to wear gloves or masks
- Not allowing others to touch your incisions
When you return home, you may need to:
- Take blood thinners
- Make dietary changes or work with a dietitian
- Take care of the wound to prevent infection
Call Your Doctor
After you leave the hospital, contact your doctor if any of the following occurs:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or any discharge from the incision site
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Pain that you cannot control with the medications you have been given
- Constipation or diarrhea
- Inability to urinate
- Lightheadedness
- Severe headaches
- Problems with speech or vision
- Cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain
If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Michael J. Fucci, DO, FACC
- Review Date: 09/2018 -
- Update Date: 09/23/2014 -


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|Get the Book
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Golf Merit Badge Requirements
|1) Discuss safety on the golf course. Show that you know first aid for injuries or illnesses that could occur while golfing, including heat reactions, dehydration, blisters, sprains, and strains.
2) Study the USGA Rules of Golf now in use.
A) Tell about the three categories of golf etiquette.
B) Show that you know about the definitions of golf terms.
C) Show that you understand the "Rules of Amateur Status."
3) Tell about your understanding of the USGA system of handicapping.
4) Do the following:
A) Tell about the early history of golf.
B) Describe its early years in the United States.
C) Tell about the accomplishments of a top golfer of your choice.
5) Discuss with your counselor vocational opportunities related to golf.
6) Do the following:
A) Tell how golf can contribute to a healthy lifestyle, mentally and physically.
B) Tell how a golf exercise plan can help you play better. Show two exercises that would improve your game.
7) Show the following:
A) The proper grip, stance, posture, and key fundamentals of a good swing.
B) The full wood shot, played from a tee.
C) The fairway wood shot.
D) The long iron shot.
E) The short iron shot.
F) The approach, chip-and-run, and pitch shots.
G) The sand iron shot, bunker, or heavy rough recovery shots.
H) A sound putting stroke.
8) Play a minimum of two nine-hole rounds or one 18-hole round of golf with another golfer about your age and with your counselor, or an adult approved by your counselor. Do the following:
A) Follow the Rules of Golf.
B) Practice good golf etiquette.
C) Show respect to fellow golfers, committee, sponsor, and gallery.
Source: Boy Scout Requirements, 33215, revised 2004


text: Professional Quality! Exceptional Value! NRG is proud to bring you an exclusive line of massage essentials including portable massage tables and chairs, heating pads, table linens, table carts and more. NRG delivers the quality and durability you demand while helping protect your bottom line. All NRG equipment features a Limited Lifetime warranty.


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Restaurants By Cuisine
Italian Food Restaurants In Binghamton
Mapped Restaurants Binghamton
Grotta Azzurra Italia Ristorante
52 Main St
(607) 722-2003
Donoli's Restaurant
434 State St
(607) 625-3707
Little Venice Restaurant
111 Chenango St
(607) 724-2513
Cortese Restaurant
117 Robinson St
(607) 723-6440
Pronto Cucina Italian Restaurant
790 Conklin Rd
(607) 235-3033
Grande's Bela Cucina Restaurant
1171 Vestal Ave
(607) 772-3106
Grande's Pizza Italian Restaurant
1250 Upper Front St
(607) 723-9011
J Michael's Restaurant & Lounge
59 Court St
(607) 720-6453
Italian Restaurants Binghamton
Italian cuisine reigns as one of the most popular types of food today because it remains flavorsome despite containing an average of only four to eight ingredients of high quality typically cooked with basic techniques. Because most traditional Italian recipes have been passed down in families from one generation to the next, almost everyone can try their hand at cooking delicious masterpieces. Still, each Binghamton Italian restaurant features a sumptuous array of pastas in all shapes and sizes, pizzas, soups and stews that usually contain tomatoes, olive oil, and cheeses in addition to a generous sprinkling of herbs and spices. Unlike its simple savory counterparts, desserts range from creamy gelatos to decadent pastries, cakes and even stuffed pasta! So while you're enjoying the beautiful sites of Binghamton, be sure to drop by one of its many restaurants for a taste of Italy.


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They have a great Karaoke on Thursday nights. Good service, good prices.
Outstanding. Quick, inexpensive, good flavors.
Middle school teacher here on a time limit - called in an order for delivery at 10:45. It did not arrive till nearly 1pm - I had 5 minutes. I called several times, and the person answering just said 'hello!" and would hand the phone to someone who spoke English. The English speaker, instead of saying that they were sorry, corrected me - seems I ordered at 10:48... Just as well, the Tom Yum soup had NOTHING in it - just broth - I ordered veggie Tom Yum. There were a few threads of onion. I ordered for friends, and felt bad for them. Most of the dishes are a variation of: fry up some meat and dump a slightly different sauce on it. Orange chicken and Thai chicken nearly the same. Very soggy. I will never return...
Very good sushi. Didn't try anything else, but will definitely go back.
The best fried rice in town. Great Chinese food. Authentic Viet food. And good Thai food.
Went here today, May 21st, for the first time. It was pretty good. Not much more to say other than I may be back. Give em a try.
great place for quick reasonable priced asian / thai.
i visit at least twice a month. forget pf changs, this is the place
try the chicken wrap for sure. you'll love it
The Pho is delish but I keep going back for the cha gio. It reminds me of the awesome cha gio I used to eat at my grandmother's friend's restaurant in Denver when I was a kid. Actually, almost everything here reminds me of eating with my grandma when I was little. Every time my mother visits me we make a pilgrimage here for the crepes, cha gio and pho. And everything drowned in their fish sauce. (part of why I either go alone or only with her, my abuse of that sauce grosses out all of my friends)
The PHO at this restaurant is great. everything here is nice and fresh. Clean inviting place to eat. Never been disappointed with anything I've gotten here.
Many of the diners choose Pho, a traditional Viet soup. I have Pho here often because it is as good as the best Pho anywhere including Viet Nam. It can be ordered with chicken, beef, pork or just the soup. It is a filling meal.