text:
Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure that
allows your doctor to look at the inside of a joint in your body through a thin
viewing instrument called an arthroscope. Arthroscopy allows your doctor to
look at the joint surfaces and the surrounding soft tissues, such as tissue
that connects bone to bone (ligaments) and the tough tissue that
covers the ends of the bones at the joints (cartilage) and
provides a cushion between the bones. This procedure can be used to diagnose a
joint problem, perform surgery that repairs a joint problem, remove a loose or
foreign body, or monitor a disease or the effectiveness of a treatment.
Arthroscopy is commonly performed on the knee, shoulder, and ankle. It also can
be done on the hip, elbow, and wrist.
During arthroscopy, the
arthroscope is inserted into your joint through a small cut (incision) in the
skin. The arthroscope has a light source and a video camera attached to it.
Images from the camera can be seen on a video monitor. These magnified images
provide a clear picture of your joint. A sample of joint tissue can be
collected during arthroscopy for biopsy. If surgery is done, additional
instruments will be inserted into your joint through other small
See a picture of
arthroscopy of the knee.
Like open
surgery (which is done using a larger incision), arthroscopy allows your doctor
to see what is wrong with your joint. But compared to open surgery,
Arthroscopy is
used to:
Examples of when arthroscopy is used to perform
Some joint problems may sometimes be repaired using a
combination of arthroscopy and open surgery.
Arthroscopy is often done on an
outpatient basis without requiring an overnight stay in a hospital.
Tell your doctor if you:
Before the procedure, you will be asked to sign a consent
form. Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have regarding the need for
the test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results will mean. To
help you understand the importance of this test, fill out the
medical test information form(What is a PDF document?).
You may have more tests, such as
blood tests or urine tests, before your arthroscopy.
Arrange to
have someone drive you home after the procedure.
If you have
arthroscopy of your ankle, knee, or hip, your doctor will talk to you about
having crutches available after the procedure. If you have arthroscopy of a
joint in your arm, you will likely wear a sling or splint after the
Arthroscopy is usually done by a doctor
who specializes in bone, muscle, and joint surgery (orthopedic surgeon).
You will be asked to remove any jewelry and to wear a hospital gown. You
may be given a sedative shortly before the procedure to help you relax. The
skin around your joint may be shaved.
general or regional anesthesia is used, an
anesthesia specialist will administer the medicine.
A general anesthetic will make you unconscious during the procedure. Your heart
rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and respirations will be monitored during the
procedure. If a
local anesthetic is used, it will be injected into the
skin and joint space. If a local or regional anesthetic is used, your limb will
be numb and you will be relaxed and drowsy but will remain conscious.
You usually lie on your back. Depending on which joint is being looked
at, an inflatable band (tourniquet) may be used to temporarily restrict blood
flow to your joint so your doctor can see all the structures in your joint.
Your joint is scrubbed with an antiseptic solution and draped with sterile
towels. Before the tourniquet is inflated, the joint will be elevated and may
be wrapped with an elastic bandage to reduce blood flow to the joint.
A small incision about
0.25 in. (0.6 cm) will be made
near your joint. Before inserting the arthroscope, an irrigation solution
(usually saline) will be used to flush the joint space to provide a better view
of the entire joint. A steady low flow of solution is usually used during the
procedure to clear out any debris or blood in the joint so your doctor can
evaluate your joint.
Once the arthroscope is inserted, your doctor
will be able to see inside the joint by viewing a video monitor attached to the
arthroscope. Your doctor or the surgical assistants may bend, extend, and
reposition the joint to see it from different angles. Videotapes or photographs
of the joint may also be taken.
If additional surgery is required
to repair your joint problem, more small incisions will be made and other thin
instruments will be inserted into your joint. When the arthroscope and any
other instruments are taken out, any blood and debris will be flushed with
saline and drained. To reduce inflammation or pain, local anesthetics or
corticosteroids may be injected into your joint.
The small incision is closed with stitches. Depending on which
joint was looked at, you may need to use splints, slings, or crutches to
support movement of your joint during recovery.
After the
procedure, you may need to rest your joint for several days. You may not be
able to drive for 24 hours after the procedure, depending on which joint was
looked at and what type of anesthetic you had. If your stitches are not
absorbable, they will be removed in 7 to 10 days. Ice, elevation, and a
compression bandage may be used to reduce any swelling, and pain relievers may
be used to relieve any pain or discomfort. Ask your doctor for advice on
strengthening your joint with exercise and when you can resume normal activity.
The time arthroscopy takes depends on what is done. It may take
only about 15 minutes but it could take an hour or longer.
If you are given a local anesthetic
before the procedure, you will feel a temporary burning or stinging sensation
in your skin. As the arthroscope is inserted into the joint, you will feel a
thumping sensation. You may feel slight pulling sensations in the joint area as
your doctor moves joint structures around.
If you are given a
general anesthetic before the procedure, you will be unconscious and will not
feel anything during the procedure. If you are given a regional anesthetic,
your arm or leg will be numb for several hours.
You may have some
soreness and pain after the procedure. Your doctor will give you instructions
on using pain medicine and applying ice to your joint (and possibly to elevate
it) to reduce swelling and pain. Keep the bandages that cover your incision
clean and dry.
After arthroscopy, you may notice bruising of your
skin around the incision. This is temporary and should disappear within 2
weeks. It is normal for your joint to feel tender for about a week. Ask your
doctor how much bleeding, drainage, or swelling from the incision site to
expect. If you needed more extensive joint surgery, you may have more bleeding,
drainage, pain, and swelling, and it may last longer than a simpler
Complications are not common during arthroscopy.
Sometimes there is joint stiffness or long-lasting joint pain. Bleeding within
the joint can occur, particularly if surgery is done during the
There is a small chance of infection, formation of a
blood clot in the affected limb, or nerve or joint damage. Also, there is a
small risk of damage to the structures within the joint.
In rare
cases, a serious condition called
compartment syndrome can occur if pressure builds
within a muscle compartment (most commonly in the front of the calf or
forearm). When this occurs, immediate medical treatment is needed to release
the pressure.
In very rare cases, death can occur from
complications of general anesthesia.
Contact your doctor immediately
Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure that
allows your doctor to look at the inside of a joint in your body through a thin
viewing instrument called an arthroscope. Your doctor can determine whether
your joint is normal by looking at it through the arthroscope. Usually your
doctor will be able to discuss the results with you right after the
In a normal, healthy joint, the
ligaments look like white cables. The
cartilage is smooth and white. The joint fluid is
clear, and there are no loose pieces of tissue in the joint. If there is no
damage or disease seen in the joint, your doctor may conclude that your joint
is normal and is not the cause of your symptoms.
In a damaged or diseased joint, the
ligaments and cartilage are abnormal in color and shape. If there is damage or
disease in the joint, your doctor may identify the condition and may even
perform surgery during the arthroscopy to repair the joint problem. Examples of
damage or disease in the joint include:
After your doctor has evaluated your joint, further
treatment with medicine, physical therapy, or surgery may be
Reasons you may not be able to
have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:
Other Works ConsultedChernecky CC, Berger BJ (2008). Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 5th ed. St. Louis:
Saunders.Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2009).
Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 8th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Next Section:
Previous Section:
Last Revised:
January 14, 2013
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine & Kenneth J. Koval, MD - Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Trauma
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
To learn more visit Healthwise.org
© 1995-2012 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.


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text: Here is a two way switching solution posted for one of our users who had run the power feed to one of the switch boxes and had no radial circuit to pick up a neutral at the lamp holder.. Wiring a three way light switch is not a particularly difficult task - there are only 3 connections to be made, after all. Making them at the proper place is a little more difficult, but still within the capabilities of most homeowners - that's where understanding a wiring diagram can be of help.. A 4 way switch wiring diagram is the clearest and easiest way to wire that pesky 4 way switch. I have a few of the most common ways in wiring a 4 way switch to help you with your basic home wiring. Take a closer look at a 3 way switch wiring diagram. Pick the diagram that is most like the scenario you are in and see if you can wire your switch!. Option 1. Fixture Controlled by Two Switches: Power Through a Switch Box Two three-way switches control one light with the electric power coming through the first switch, flowing to the second switch, and then to the light fixture.. 2 way switching means having two or more switches in different locations to control one lamp.They are wired so that operation of either switch will control the light. This arrangement is often found in stairways, with one switch upstairs and one switch downstairs or in long hallways with a switch. A "Dead End 3 way" switch wiring method. This method is commonly used by professional electricians. There are 2 variations of Dead End 3ways; extending the switch leg over to the common as shown in the photo above, or extending the hot over to the common as described below.. On This Page: Wiring a Single Pole Switch; Power to Switch; Power to Lights; 3 Way Switch Wiring; Hiring a Contractor; If you enjoy doing the occasional project around the house, wiring a basic light switch is one of the simplest DIY wiring jobs to complete.. Buy Nilight LED Light Bar Wiring Harness Kit 12AWG Heavy Duty 12V 5Pin Rocker Switch Laser On off Waterproof Switch Power Relay Blade Fuse-1 Lead, 2 Years Warranty: Wiring Harnesses - Amazon.com FREE DELIVERY possible on eligible purchases. How to Wire a 3 Way Light Switch. In this Article: Article Summary Wiring the Switches Installing the Switches and Light Alternative Wirings Understanding Common Cable Types Community Q&A A 3-way light switch allows you to control a light source from two separate points. Although a 3 way is one of the hardest electrical circuits to figure out, it's also one of the most useful.. Automotive wiring diagrams basic symbols. Automotive electrical diagrams provide symbols that represent circuit component functions. For example, a few basic symbols common to electrical schematics are shown as: (1) Switch, (2) Battery, (3) Resistor and (4) Ground.. Multiple Light Wiring Diagram. This diagram illustrates wiring for one switch to control 2 or more lights. The source is at SW1 and 2-conductor cable runs from there to the fixtures.. line-switch-load-switch-1 If your wiring is like the diagram below, you can wire your smart switch in the box with line. Having additional lights wired in parallel will not change the wiring below.. May 21, 2011 · Other; Brakes, Electrical, Hitches, Weight Distribution & CDL Discussion - Standard SEVEN WAY plug wiring diagram - Since there are so many questions on it, I'm posting this as a quick reference. The trailer side is the reverse of what you see below, but if you remember DRIVER SIDE/CURB SIDE it can be followed.


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Safari Children's Melamine Divider Plate
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text:
- Who We Are
- What's ON
- The Waterfront
- Learning
- Support Us
What's On Calendar
Saturday, March 17, 2012
The Chimera Project - FRESH BLOOD
Saturday, March 17, 2012
An evening of fresh dance! FRESH BLOOD presents interesting, innovative and surprising dance works of tomorrows contemporary dance superstars who have less than five years experience. Presented in association with Harbourfront Centre.
Kalanidhi Dance Festival - Spring Festival of Contemporary Indian Dance - CANCELLED
Saturday, March 17, 2012
Please note that this performance has been cancelled. Under the artistic direction of Sudha Khandwani, Kalanidhi Fine Arts of Canada presents four evenings of contemporary Indian dance featuring artists from Calcutta and Canada's top Indian dance companies.
For details, inquire at the Info Desk or call 416 973 4000.


text: 2019 Dodge Grand Caravan SE (STQ-21082) Vehicle Inquiry Back to Search Get our ePrice Reserve Now Print Vehicle Overview Vehicle Details TypeNew Year2019 MakeDodge ModelGrand Caravan TrimSE Mileage2337 Exterior ColorBILLET SILVER Interior ColorBlack Engine Size MPG (City/Hwy)/3 StockSTQ-21082 VIN2C7WDGBG6KR678569 LocationMadison Heights MI 48071 Request Pricing Request Price Conversion Details Conversion MakeBraunAbility Conversion ModelBraun ADA Rear Entry Entry LocationRear Entry Entry OperationManual Entry TypeFold Out Vehicle Features Mobility Equipment Tie DownsRubberized Floor Optional Equipment NavigationPower Adjustable Mirrors View All Disclosures Disclaimers: *Prices and are subject to change, please see store for details and eligibility of rebates. Price does not include tax, title or dealer fees. We reserve the right to change any information at any time, including prices and makes no guarantee on the accuracy of the information contained herein. **The results of this loan payment calculator are for comparison purposes only. Estimated Payment will be an approximation, actual payments from a financial institution may vary. Subject to credit approval and terms. †Relocation fees are estimates and based upon current vehicle location and your store it is subject to change. ‡Discounts and Rebates are based upon geographic information and are subject to change. Discounts and Rebates are estimations and may vary from actual amount based upon your region and eligibility. ††This information contains EPA estimates for this vehicle when new. Actual fuel economy will vary for many reasons, including driving conditions and how the car was driven and maintained. Aftermarket modifications to the vehicle can affect fuel economy, especially those that change the vehicle's weight, aerodynamics, or wheel/tire size. Estimates based on data from fueleconomy.gov. General Disclaimer: Mileage listings are estimates and are not necessarily accurate odometer readings. Photos may be stock and may depict colors, options, and accessories that differ from the actual vehicle offered. Subject to prior sale. Dealer is not responsible for typographical and reserves the right to modify errors. See dealer for full details regarding the offered vehicle and applicable warranties and financing options (if any). Any and all differences between the depicted vehicle and the actual vehicle sold must be addressed to the dealer in writing prior to the sale of this vehicle. MobilityWorks will endeavor to correct such discrepancies in a commercially reasonable manner upon Customer notification of such errors or omissions, but pricing errors and listing errors are considered invalid and may or may not be honored at the sole discretion of MobilityWorks. Some pictures, specifications, and features may be provided by the original manufacturer and these images and information may be used as needed.Some pictures, specifications, and features may be provided by the original manufacturer and these images and information may be used as needed. Back to Top Vehicle Saved! The tracking code is a cookie we place on your computer to remember when you visit us again. We use this code to lookup vehicles viewed, saved and to provide recommendations. We do not use this number to identify any personal information about you unless you specifically supply it to us. For more information you can review our entire privacy policy here History Recommended Saved/Compare Inventory Selection Resource Guide Our Inventory Selection Resource lets you save, compare and view history of vehicles. Click Saved to view all the vehicles you have saved or compared. This is the main screen for managing the vehicles you are interested in. Click Compare to see saved vehicle details in a chart format. Click History to show all the vehicles recently viewed. Click Suggested to show more vehicles you may also be interested in based on your view history.


text:
Lost In The Trees Announce Tour Dates
Widely acclaimed Chapel Hill band Lost In The Trees have just announced a series of North American live dates in the following months. The band will be playing in support of their new album Past Life which arrives in stores on February 18th. The record is the anticipated follow up to the band's critically heralded album A Church That That Fits Our Needs which Esquire called "a luxuriantly orchestrated remembrance that ping-pongs between introspection and celebration" and the Los Angeles Times proclaimed "stunningly gorgeous."
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The Brighton Car Coat
€1,790.00 €1,790.00
All orders will be fulfilled by Burberry Limited and shipped from the UK. When you place your order, you accept Burberry's Terms and Conditions and confirm that you have read our Privacy Policy.
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text:
Low latency howto
Low latency audio with Linux 2.6
Real-time audio work is a relative idea, latency is inherent when processing audio in the digital domain, however it is possible to get latencies far below perceptible levels. The steps needed to get such results is what this article will address.
The Kernel
The kernel is critical, since it has to respond quickly to interrupts. Much of the configuration needed for low latency audio is done within the kernel.
For the sake of being recent and for ease of use, this article will use the 2.6 kernel source.
Be familiar with building custom kernels. It is easy to stop the system from booting. Read up on the steps needed to build a kernel that will boot on the system with necessary drivers.
Get, Extract, Patch
To build a new kernel, get the source to it. This can be had from Kernel.org (at the time of writing the latest stable version is 2.6.22). Next get the corresponding real-time kernel patch by Ingo Molnar, which is available from his website. Download the latest version for the choice of kernel version. For example, patch-2.6.22-rt9 for kernel version 2.6.22. Next un-gzip the patch in the directory of the kernel source and apply it. This is usually done with patch -p1 -i patch-2.6.xx.x-rtx.
# gunzip patch-2.6.22-rt9.gz # patch --strip 1 < patch-2.6.22-rt9
Config, Build, Boot
Configure the newly patched kernel. Use the make menuconfig command on a text console, or make xconfig for a GUI.
Make sure that the drivers needed to boot the system are built in. Usually this is an IDE driver and ext3 file system support. Configure other drivers such as network and video as well as USB/firewire/parallel drivers.
Some prefer leaving the ALSA drivers for their sound card out of the initial kernel configuration, as they like to download the latest version from the ALSA website and build them later. Enable sound card support within "Device Drivers". Building and installing the ALSA drivers will be covered later.
Navigate to the "Processor type and features" category. There will be an option "Preemption mode". Set this to "Complete Preemption (Real Time)".
There are also some additional tweaks which are commonly recommended by the Linux Audio Users community:
- enable deadline as the default IO scheduler (Block Layer -> IO Schedulers),
- enable HPET timer support (Processor type and features),
- enable enhanced real time clock support (Device Drivers -> Character Devices),
- disable priority inheritance debugging (Device Drivers -> Character Devices), and
- enable the high precision event timer (Device Drivers -> Character Devices).
After changes are made, exit and save the configuration.
Build the kernel. Exactly how to do this depends on the Linux distribution, but on Debian or Ubuntu use make-kpkg like this:
# make-kpkg kernel_image
which makes a package that you can then install.
After installing the kernel, reboot, and the system should be real-time capable.
System Tuneage
Even though the kernel may be real-time capable, jackd may not run with a frame size of 16, which is 0.667ms latency with 2 periods/buffers. Further tweaking is needed.
Building ALSA
Build the ALSA sound drivers (and libraries if necessary) for the new kernel.
The latest version is on the ALSA project website.
Note: if this is the first time ALSA has been installed on this system, install the libraries and utilities from the ALSA website as well. After extracting the drivers package navigate into the new directory (alsa-driver-1.0.14 at the time of writing) and issue the following command:
# ./configure –-with-sequencer=yes –-with-oss=yes –-with-cards=<drivers>
replace <drivers> in the above command to include a comma separated list of the drivers for the sound card(s) on the system. ./configure –-help will give a full list of drivers and options, or find out which driver is needed through the sound card matrix Matrix:Main.
Once the ALSA system is configured type the make command to build it.
Then, as root type make install to install the ALSA modules into the /lib/modules/<kernel version> directory.
Then, install the libraries and utilities (if necessary) by typing ./configure && make && make install commands.
Reboot to allow the drivers to be loaded, or load them manually.
To verify, use the alsamixer utility to adjust settings and volumes. alsamixer may not show settings unless the correct drivers are loaded.
After ALSA is installed modify the PAM security system to allow regular users to operate software at a high priority (real time) level. Edit /etc/security/limits.conf as root (in Debian based systems). Add the following lines to limits.conf:
@audio - rtprio 95 @audio - memlock 512000 @audio - nice -19
This is from Florian Schmidt's website and is a starting point only, though it should work nicely for any system. The rtprio setting is the maximum priority a user of the audio group can run a task. The memlock setting is the maximum amount of memory that a member of the audio group can lock with a realtime task. This should be less than the maximum physical amount of memory, some recommend it to be half. nice is the minimum "nice level" a task can be run as (the willingness of a task to give up it's cpu time). These settings will get jackd, ardour and other RT capable programs runing at higher priorities, but there is still a bit more to do.
Thread Priorities
The next and final step is to set a few thread priorities. The real time patch should have created several IRQ threads as well as added a "hrtimer" thread. These can be viewed with ps -e. Use the chrt command to set thread priorities (in Debian this is part of the schedutils package). It doesn't matter which order the priorities are set. Scan the output of the ps -e command looking for threads like "softirq-timer" and "softirq-hrtimer", taking note of the pid of each one (on a dual core system there are two of each, one for each CPU). Find the pid of the IRQ thread that the sound card resides on. Looking at the output of cat /proc/interrupts should reveal this. Set new priorities for each thread:
chrt -f -p 99 6 chrt -f -p 99 12 chrt -f -p 99 818
These will set the threads identified (6, 12, and 818) to a real-time priority level (99). That high of a priority may not be necessary and a bit insecure, feel free to tweak as you see fit. These commands are the last settings that need to be changed and allow the kernel timers to operate on a much higher priority, thus insuring more satisfactory scheduling latencies.
The priorities of these processes will need to be reset after each reboot, so a simple init script would suffice for doing this as the pids shouldn't change. Or use the pgrep command to locate the threads:
# chrt -f -p 99 `pgrep softirq-timer`
A more detailed explanation of thread priorities can be found over at the ffado project's wiki: IRQ priorities How-To
Start recording
Now start recording and making music. It should now be possible to jackd with much lower frame sizes than before and much fewer xruns. Enjoy!
Notes on APIC
It is a common problem to experience problems of many types when dealing with APIC enabled kernels and motherboards. These can range from dificulties in setting IRQs to full system lockups when using certain IRQs. If you experience any new problems after booting a real-time patched kernel try adding the noapic boot option to grub and see if that solves the problem, also, if the processor is single core, or there is no need for a kernel optimized for dual core processors then you can try disabling IO-APIC in the kernel config.


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Whitewater Merit Badge Requirements
|1. Do the following:
a. Review with your counselor the first aid for injuries or illnesses that could occur while working on the Whitewater merit badge, including hypothermia, heat reactions, dehydration, insect stings, blisters, bruises, cuts, and shoulder dislocation.
b. Identify the conditions that must exist before performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a person. Explain how such conditions are recognized.
c. Demonstrate proper technique for performing CPR using a training device approved by your counselor.
2. Do the following:
a. Review and compare BSA Safety Afloat and the American Whitewater safety guidelines and demonstrate your understanding of these principles by answering questions from your counselor.
b. Identify and explain the use and importance of safety equipment on moving water. Include in your explanation a discussion about throw ropes, whistles, and how to choose and properly fit PFDs (personal flotation devices) and helmets.
3. Before doing requirements 4 through 13 earn the Canoeing merit badge if you will be using a canoe to earn this merit badge. If you will be using a kayak, earn the Kayaking BSA Award.
4. Do ONE of the following:
a. If you are completing these requirements as a tandem canoeist, demonstrate basic canoe-handling skills by completing the Scout gate test within 160 seconds while paddling tandem with a buddy. Then demonstrate the following strokes: cross forward, cross draw, bow pry, Duffek, high brace, and low brace,
b. If you are completing these requirements as a solo canoeist, demonstrate basic solo canoe-handling skills by completing the Scout gate test within 160 seconds. Then demonstrate the following strokes: cross forward, cross draw, stern pry, Duffek, high brace, and low brace.
c. If you are using a kayak to complete these requirements, demonstrate basic kayak-handling skills by completing the Scout gate test within 160 seconds. Demonstrate the following strokes: Duffek, high brace, low brace, and sculling draw. Then do the following:
1. Move the kayak forward in a reasonably straight line for 10 yards.
2. Move the kayak sideways to the right and to the left.
3. Pivot 360 degrees to the right and left.
4. Stop the kayak.
5. Do the following:
a. Explain the importance of scouting before committing to running a rapid, and discuss good judgment when evaluating a stretch of river or a particular rapid.
b. Explain the terms downstream V, riffle, strainer, eddy, eddy line, pillow, ledge, bend, shallows, falls, low-head dam, current, rock, drop, horizon line, wave, standing wave, hydraulic, and sleeper.
c. Explain how to scout and read a river while ashore and while afloat, and discuss the importance of hazard recognition.
d. Demonstrate your ability to read the river where you are practicing and demonstrating your whitewater skills.
6. Explain the International Scale of River Difficulty and apply the scale to the stretch of river where you are practicing and demonstrating your whitewater skills. Identify the specific characteristics of the river that are factors in your classification according to the International Scale.
7. Explain the importance of communication during every whitewater outing. Explain and then demonstrate using the following river signals: "Run right," "Run left," "Run down the center," "Stop," "Are you OK?" and "Help!"
8. Do the following:
a. Explain the differences between flatwater and whitewater canoes; identify the advantages and special uses for kayaks and decked canoes in running water. Identify the different materials used in modern whitewater canoe construction and the advantages and disadvantages of each.
b. Describe the various types of kayaks and how they differ in design, materials, and purpose.
c. Identify the advantages and special uses for kayaks and decked canoes in moving water.
d. Discuss the construction, safety, and functional features of paddles used in whitewater activities.
9. Discuss the personal and group equipment necessary for a safe whitewater outing and how and why it is used. Explain how to pack and protect these items.
10. Wearing the proper personal flotation device (PFD) and being appropriately dressed for the weather and water conditions, perform the following skills in moving water in a properly equipped whitewater craft of your choice (tandem canoe, solo canoe, or solo kayak). If a tandem canoe is used, the skills must be demonstrated from both the bow and stern positions.
a. Launch and land.
b. Paddle forward in a straight line.
c. Backpaddle.
d. Sideslip, both sides.
e. Ferry upstream and downstream.
f. Eddy turn.
g. Peel out.
11. Explain and demonstrate:
a. Self-rescue and procedures when capsized in moving water, including a wet exit if necessary
b. Safe rescue of others in various whitewater situations situations using a throw rope.
c. Portaging - when and how to do it.
d. The whitewater buddy system using at least three persons and three craft.
12. Discuss the use of inflatable boats on moving water. Discuss the use of inflatable rafts on moving water. In your discussion, explain the special safety precautions that should be taken when using an inflatable raft and the risks of "tubing" on moving water.
13. Participate in a whitewater trip using either a canoe or kayak on a Class I or Class II river. Help to prepare a written plan specifying the route, schedule, equipment, safety precautions, and emergency procedures. Determine local rules and obtain permission from landowners and land managers in advance. Explain what steps you have taken to comply with BSA Safety Afloat and the American Whitewater safety guidelines. Execute the plan with others.
Source: Boy Scout Requirements, 33215, revised 2007


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- BY James Sawyer
- POSTED IN Blog
The Meticulous Methods Used By Expert Water Damage Restoration Services
It is not an easy task to overcome the effects of water damage without proper knowledge and experience. It is essential to know the details involved in water damage restoration that would efficiently bring back your house to its pre-loss state. However, people who are attacked by water intrusion unexpectedly are not actually supposed to have sufficient knowledge regarding its remedies. This is the reason people find it more convenient to contact professional water damage services for perfect cleaning of your house.
Severe mold removals can cause considerable devastation to your house. The longer the water retains in the area, the more serious would be the devastation. For safety purposes, your house and objects should not be exposed to water penetration for long. But laypersons are neither experienced nor equipped to fight against mold removal with promptness. They are usually too overwhelmed to act instantaneously. So it is wise to call for expert services to deal with the devastation competently.
In case of severe water damage like flood or sewage overflow, your house needs to be carefully examined and the levels of damage accurately identified. Every part of your house, including the walls, basement, ceiling and attics need to be checked for damage and meticulously repaired. Also, the plumbing, sewage systems, home appliances and furniture need to be fixed and restored back to their normal state. And all these need to be done as quickly as possible. This is surely not an easy task.
Expert technicians are experienced to fight against the damaging effects of water intrusion on a regular basis. They are trained to rid your house of undesirable water presence, and restore it to its original state. The methods commonly used by reputed companies for mold removal include:
Meticulous examination of every portion and objects in your house for the detection of water damage. The use of measuring tools like moisture detectors and hygrometers make it easier to identify the levels of damage accurately. Moreover infrared camera helps in locating the damaged areas that might not be possible for laypersons to identify. To identify the extent of water damage is probably the most important factor helping in an efficient property restoration.
When your house is intruded by high levels of water you cannot remove it quickly without proper tools. Professional services have powerful and high-tech machineries to ensure fast extraction of high amounts of water. They use tools like powerful gas pumps and portable water removal machines that can pull out large levels of water in a short period of time.
After the entire water is removed from your premises, it is important to clear the area of any extra moisture and humidity that can lead to further material damage and health hazards. Expert technicians use, powerful Dehumidifiers and air movers to extract moisture from the air and facilitate proper ventilation.
Lastly, once the cleaning and drying process in complete they focus on restoring back the hygiene of your house by the use of excellent quality deodorizers and disinfectants.
The professional methods followed by experts cannot be known to laypersons. They are effective for proper mold removal, and hence be implemented for the protection of your house and properties.


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If you have asthma, you probably have a routine at home for taking care of it. Maybe you have to keep your room really clean, stay out of the garage when your mom or dad is painting, or take long-term control medicine (also called controller or maintenance medicine) at the same time every day.
But for much of the year, you're not at home. You're at school. What can you do there to take care of your asthma? Let's find out.
When you're dealing with asthma, you need an asthma action plan. This plan is what tells you and the grownups around you how to treat your asthma, including all the medicines you take, what to do when you have a flare-up, and how to use your peak flow meter if your doctor wants you to use one.
This plan should be written down. You and the adults who care for you should have a copy. And the plan should definitely go to school — all of your teachers and the school nurse should have it. It will cover situations that could occur at school.
It might tell you which medicine to take if you have a flare-up. It also should tell you what kinds of situations to avoid — such as outdoor activities on days when there's a lot of pollen in the air. Of course, you'll want to know what to do in these situations. But the plan is also helpful for the teachers and other grownups at your school. With the asthma action plan, they know how to take care of you if a flare-up happens.
Your mom or dad will probably be the one to bring a copy of the plan to your school. He or she might want to meet with teachers, coaches, and the school nurse to review the plan and make sure these adults understand it.
At this meeting, they'll talk about your asthma medicines so they can make sure you take the medicines just as the doctor prescribed. That may mean using your peak flow meter and inhaler before gym class and recess every day. Or it may mean you just need to have your inhaler where you can get to it in case you have an asthma flare-up at school.
Depending on what your school's rules are, your teacher may keep your medicine for you, or it might be kept in the school office or the nurse's office. Some kids are allowed to keep their medicine in their lockers or bags. Your mom, dad, or teacher can help remind you to always have your medicine with you, even on unusual days, such as when the class goes on a field trip.
You probably don't want to make a big deal out of your asthma. If you follow your asthma action plan, you are more likely to keep your asthma from becoming a problem at school. But it's a good idea to let your friends know about your asthma. That way, they'll understand why you take medicine and they could help you if you were having breathing trouble. Because 1 or 2 out of every 10 kids has asthma, you may find out that other classmates have asthma, too.
If your plan tells you to use a peak flow meter and take medicine every day, it's important to do it. If you don't, you could end up having breathing problems or flare-ups at school. It's no fun missing recess or having to go home because you're wheezing and coughing.
If your medicine is in the health office, you can just take it there. If you have it, or your teacher keeps it for you, you might not want to take it in front of the other kids in your class. If that's how you feel, ask your teacher if you can go to the school office to take your medicine.
And don't think that because you have asthma you can't run around the playground, play ball in gym class, or go out for the school soccer team. Lots of professional athletes have asthma. Just make sure that you talk to your doctor about when you should take your medicine (many kids with asthma have to take it before they exercise) and that your coach or gym teacher knows about your asthma.
Don't feel bad if you have to sit out a game or practice now and then. Sometimes kids with asthma need to take it a little bit easy, especially when they are sick or if the weather outside is really cold.
Triggers are the things like pollen or exercise that lead you to have asthma symptoms. Your mom and dad have probably taken steps to remove triggers from your home, but it's harder to avoid triggers at school.
Still, you can do a few things. For example, if cold air makes your asthma worse, make sure you have a scarf or ski mask if you'll be outside during the school day. If chalk dust is a problem, your teachers may be able to use dry erase boards instead. If mold and pollen counts are high, your teacher might be willing to close the windows.
Cleaning products and classroom pets, such as hamsters or gerbils, also could irritate your lungs. Your teacher might be willing to make changes so you don't have breathing problems in class. If you feel funny asking your teacher for these special requests, ask your mom or dad to speak to the teacher, school nurse, or principal. Most teachers are glad to help. You can't learn if you can't breathe!
Reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD
Date reviewed: January 2014
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text: Share: March 31, 2011 Dear Friends of the Cary Institute: Snow shapes temperate ecosystems. Here in Millbrook, we can expect that soil microbes are well insulated by snow and busy decomposing fallen leaves and releasing nitrogen that will help plants grow in early spring. The microbes are happy. And the piles of snow that we've shoveled off our driveways and sidewalks will help recharge groundwater supplies. The ecological effects of snow occupy the thoughts of several of our scientists, including Peter Groffman, who recently gave a public lecture at the Cary Institute entitled "Snow is Good." Meanwhile, Rick Ostfeld is contemplating how the heavy winter snowpack will effect populations of white-footed mice, the dominant hosts for the ticks that will carry Lyme disease next summer. As our climate warms, future snowpacks are likely to be smaller and shorter lived. We are studying the consequences of these changes. What will reduced snowfall mean for the animals that influence the spread of infectious disease? How will snow reductions impact the quality and quantity of freshwater resources? These are issues that should concern every citizen in New England.Climate change and water will be among the topics discussed at a spring Science and Management Forum that the Cary Institute is hosting. The forum, which will focus on regional freshwater issues, will help inform effective stewardship by connecting decision makers and concerned citizens with current thinking about the state of our freshwater resources.I hope that all of you have had a chance to take in one or more of our monthly public programs. In addition to Peter's great talk, we heard from Simon Winchester in December and will be featuring upcoming lectures by NRDC president Frances Beinecke and environmentalist Bill McKibben; see our calendar for more details. It's been wonderful to see the Cary Institute expand its role as a resource for regional environmental programming. This is a role at which we excel, and society is better for our efforts. Our forums and lectures are made possible by unrestricted gifts from people like you. Dr. William H. Schlesinger, President Share: Feature From our President › March 31, 2011


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Best Practice Spotlight Organizations (BPSO)
What is a Best Practice Spotlight Organization?
Best Practice Spotlight Organizations (BPSOs) are health-care and academic organizations selected by the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) through a request for proposals process to implement and evaluate the RNAO's best practice guidelines.
It is a dynamic partnership that focuses on making a positive impact on patient care though evidence-based practice. Requests for proposals are released every three years. The Best Practice Spotlight Organization (BPSO) initiative has been a great success. It provides support to organizations that have formally agreed to implement and evaluate multiple RNAO best practice guidelines over a three (3) year period.
First launched in 2003, the BPSO initiative is an off-shoot of the RNAO's Nursing Best Practice Guideline program which began in November 1999 and has since spread across Canada and to countries around the world.
BPSO Host Model
The RNAO BPSO Host Model is a feature of the national/international BPSO Program. A BPSO Host Organization enters into a formal agreement with RNAO to oversee the RNAO BPSO Program in the country or region where it is located. The BPSO Host is responsible for all aspects of the BPSO Program from selecting the BPSO organizations interested in becoming BPSOs to reporting progress back to RNAO. Generally the BPSO Host acts as the liaison between RNAO and the BPSOs in the specific country or region.
As the service and/or academic organizations become BPSOs, to implement, disseminate and evaluate RNAO Best Practice Guidelines, the BPSO Host provides support by monitoring through regular meetings and reporting processes. The BPSO Host then reports to the RNAO with updates from the BPSOs as well as an overview of successes, challenges, questions and issues of the BPSO Program in that country or region.
RNAO provides support for implementation, through training, access to all available resources such as the draft contract agreement for BPSOs, reporting prototypes, Best Practice Champions Network including the Champion Workshops, the Implementation Toolkit, and Educator's Resource, BPG APPs and other implementation resources. RNAO also engages with the BPSO Host in regular meetings, and offers expert mentorship and consultation on guideline dissemination, implementation, uptake, sustainability and evaluation. Furthermore, the BPSO Host and BPSO in the country or region are paired with mentor organizations, who have experienced the BPSO Program.


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The prices on this site (baysideperformance.com) are in US Dollars. Use baysideperformance.ca for orders shipping to a Canadian address.
The prices on Baysideperformance.ca are in Canadian Dollars.
Click here to place an order shipping to a Canadian address.
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text: There are many reasons to celebrate life & to appreciate those you love!We offer gift items for every occasion, all highest quality, offered at excellent affordable prices. We offer fun collectibles, vintage and new! And we offer beautiful home decor to make your house a home!Also, Special and Unique Finds, Doll & dollhouse collectibles, Wade Whimsies, Collectible Thimbles, Record Albums, Books, DVD's, Games & so much more!There is definitely something for everyone here!Bring joy to the special people in your life, with beautiful items from Butterfly Wings n Things!!


text: Monday, March 11, 2013 PTA Education Feasibility Study Work Group Members Selected APTA has selected 9 association members to serve on the PTA Education Feasibility Study Work Group: Wendy Bircher, PT, EdD (NM), Derek Brandes (WA), Barbara Carter, PTA (WI), Martha Hinman, PT, EdD (TX), Mary Lou Romanello, PT, PhD, ATC (MD), Steven Skinner, PT, EdD (NY), Lisa Stejskal, PTA, MAEd (IL), Jennifer Whitney, PT, DPT, KEMG (CA), and Geneva Johnson, PT, PhD, FAPTA (LA). The work group is addressing the motion Feasibility Study for Transitioning to an Entry-Level Baccalaureate Physical Therapist Assistant Degree (RC 20-12) from the 2012 House of Delegates. The work group will address the first phase of the study, finalizing the study plan and identifying relevant data sources for exploring the feasibility of transitioning the entry-level degree for the PTA to a bachelor's degree. APTA supporting staff members are Janet Crosier, PT, DPT, MEd, lead PTA services specialist; Janet Bezner, PT, PhD, vice president of education and governance and administration; Doug Clarke, accreditation PTA programs manager; and Libby Ross, director of academic services. More than 200 individuals volunteered to serve on the work group by submitting their names to the Volunteer Interest Pool (VIP). APTA expects to engage additional members in the data collection process. Comments This is good that PTA is transitioning to Bachelor's degree so PTA will gain enough knowledge in patient care. In view of this a name Physical therapy technician could be apply to PTA's nomenclature so people will look them differently not just an assistant. I don't see any reason why you can call a CNA a nurse whereas you can't call a PTA a therapist. Posted by Noel on 3/15/2013 5:30 PM Should really not be surprised that there are only 2 PTAs in this work group that was formed to complete a study for the PTA...No wonder PTAs don't want to belong to this association. Out of the more than 200 that applied, how many were PTAs and what was the rationale behind only choosing two? Well, to the two of you, we are proud of you! Posted by Ann Lowrey on 3/16/2013 12:50 PM I hope that the PTA population will work to influence this group as to the need for the development of the PTA programs at the BS level. With the advance of PT to DPT level it puts more emphasis on increasing the training and clinical time to the advancement of the PTA to be of greater value to the PT they work with on a daily basis. We need to encourage more colaboration between the PT and PTA to become partners in the treating of our patients. Posted by Vanie L. Jones on 4/1/2013 12:02 PM I agree with Ann regarding the PTA/PT ratio on the committee. I know that we have been bridging the gap with attitudes and perceptions between the two but we still have a long way to go. With the phasing out of Masters and Bachelors PT programs and the implementation of Doctorate level only for the PT to gain direct access we might want to start thinking about the total education vs PT/PTA. Why not have a Bachelor and/or a Masters along with the Doctoral Education level and quantify the degree by those criteria instead. Each level of education could be associated with certain entry level skills and expected clinical rules and regulations. Instead of having a PTA or a PT we might have a BPT, MPT or DPT. The technician (as mentioned above) might be qualified as an aide that has a certificate of a shorter duration such as six months or nine months. There are numerous benefits to the increased education level of all professionals in the physical therapy profession. Sheila Posted by Sheila Meier, PTA on 4/3/2013 12:00 PM No PTA educator would deny that more time is necessary to teach all the material necessary for entry level practice, however I am concerned regarding the cavalier comments I have heard about how "easy" this will be. These individuals obviously have never done curriculum development or attempted to negotiate agreements between schools. The majority of PTA programs are in 2 year institutions and, in our states, they cannot grant a Bachelor's degree. Finally, has anyone though about how much more money a BS PTA is going to demand. Will the system bear that cost? Posted by Sharon Reid on 4/4/2013 8:59 AM As a PTA educator for the past 7 years, I would like the work group to consider how to treat individuals who already have a bachelor's degree. Over half of my current and past students have already earned bachelor's degrees when they are enrolled in the PTA program at my institution. Posted by Nancy Greenawald on 4/4/2013 2:27 PM I, too, am a PTA educator for over 20 years now. I agree with both Sharon Reid and Nancy Greenawald. Many students choose the PTA path over PT because of finances and time...most (in our program at least) are nontraditional students with other commitments and responsibilities. The added time and expense of a bachelor's degree would not be feasible for most of them. Our college has a quality PTA program, with a 96% pass rate on the certification exam....we cannot confer Bachelor's degrees...so does that mean that this quality program...and many others like it across the country...will no longer be offered....so that we can add two years of general education requirements? Posted by Deborah Matuch -> ENWZD on 4/6/2013 11:36 AM I graduated last year with my AAS PTA. I feel that in order to keep up with the growth in the profession and the direct access we are striving for, then we should also advance the PTA as we have the PT. I was a nontraditional student with a blended family of 5. My purpose was to become a PTA, and would have cont through with a bachelor's if it was offered. I will return and earn that degree if ever it is offered in the future. There needs to be more time in the program. So for now, I will cont to watch and hope that the decision is in our favor. Thank you! Posted by Jo Ann Trowbridge -> AMXa?O on 4/15/2013 1:41 PM Would their be a transitional program offered for PTA's with an associates degree to advance to BS? Posted by nicole on 4/15/2013 1:42 PM I am not against a Bachelors degree for upcoming PTAs; however, I graduated from what I feel was an outstanding PTA program earning a AAS degree. With rigouous studying and hard work my degree prepared me to pass my state boards exam and earn my license. It prepared me to enter the field with an adequate knowledge base and foundation. After 4 years of working in the field I feel the education, knowledge, manual skills, techniques, and clinical reasoning abilities I have acquired on the job far exceed what I could gain with two additional years of schooling. While earning a Bachelor's degree may sound like an improvement to one's education it will not take the place of experience. College is a money making business, the more courses a student is required to take the more revenue that institution brings in. Being sucessful in the field is not about how many years of schooling you completed or what title you have. Every day is an education. Posted by Tawna Bovero on 4/16/2013 2:05 PM I too wonder how much more schooling (if any) I will require to compete in the PTA profession if this change goes into affect. I have been practicing for 20 years now and need to concentrate on saving for my kids educations, I cannot think about going back to further my career. I feel that if it will be required for current PTA's that hold an AAS degree to go back to earn the BS degree, you are going to loose a lot of wonderful, knowledgeable PTA's out there. Plus, how will it work with the job competition? Will potential employers look at the PTA with an AAS and 20+ years of work experience or the PTA with a BS degree? I just hope that the right decision will be made. Posted by David on 1/22/2014 3:44 PM For those of you who are currently PTAs, you won't have to worry about going back for a bachelor's..you're going to be grandfathered in. You won't have to pay more. This will be for prospective students in the future who choose this profession. This is the case for almost any profession where education evolves once you've left school. They may create an option where you can go back and get your bachelor's if you're already licensed, but it would be a choice not a necessity. You can even do that now! I know PIMA and NAU have Bachelor programs for PTA. Requiring a bachelor's degree for this profession can help with the over saturation that this field is starting to face and bring in more qualified, well-rounded people. That means better job security, more respect, more opportunities to specialize, and potentially a higher salary. Nothing is really promised in the health care field anymore, but I think if APTA decides to go with a required bachelor's, it will show that they are concerned with the future growth of our profession as well as the DPTs. Posted by Jen C. on 8/7/2014 12:47 AM Well said Jen.I agree. Those with an Associate PTA will be grandfathered in much like bachelors PT when MPT was implemented and masters were when DPT was implemented for new physical therapists. You will not be required to go back to school. I for one think this is a great idea. There is a huge gap between the PT/APT (use to be only 2 yr degree difference!). PTss have advanced and so should the PTAs to keep the field growing, qualified and respected. And good point about saturation in the field. I see it happening in my area and think that this will slow down the new graduate rate so that job demand can improve new grads can find work easier. Just my 2 cents. Posted by Alisa K. on 1/29/2015 11:22 AM


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Every new born baby is God's opinion that the world should go on.
Photo Storybook 8"x10" 20 pages
Isabella Kae - Baptism Picture Book
About Us
Hi lovely mommies and handsome daddies! Special Life Events is a husband and wife tandem of Rex (chief photographer) and Judith (reservations). We believe in capturing those fleeting yet special moments in your life so you could relive them through our photos and videos. We offer quality yet affordable photography, video coverage, picturebook and photobooth packages for kiddie birthday parties, debuts, and baptisms. We cover events in Metro Manila, Quezon City, and neighboring cities and provinces. We have been in this business for five (5) years.
Rex & Judith
Rex is IT consultant and in-house photographer for Cebu Pacific Air while Judith manages CassiBea Gift Shop. We specialize in personalized Crochet Event Souvenirs.
For reservation and inquiries, text Judith at:
Globe: (0995) 089 3116
For wedding reservations and inquiries, please refer to our wedding site.
February 2019


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Grinderman "Heathen Child" - New Single Out September 7th
"Heathen Child," the new single from Grinderman, will be released through Anti- on September 7, 2010. The first track available from Grinderman's new studio album Grinderman 2 (due September 14), "Heathen Child" will be available as a two-track download, accompanied by exclusive track "Star Charmer."
A special "Heathen Child" Limited Edition double A-side 12" Coloured Vinyl will offer the two single tracks, a poster, plus the bonus track "Super Heathen Child" -- a collaboration between Grinderman and legendary guitarist Robert Fripp.
Limited Edition 12" Coloured Vinyl w/ poster:
Side A: Heathen Child/ Star Charmer
Side AA: Super Heathen Child (w/ Robert Fripp)
Single Download:
1) Heathen Child
2) Star Charmer
href="http://soundcloud.com/muterecords/heathen-child">Listen to "Heathen Child"
See the latest trailer, directed by John Hillcoat: http://www.youtube.com/user/MuteChannel#p/u/7/lZcBlQeoQIE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qj9W4bGVB9o (directed by John Hillcoat)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1YFQkKJa5s (directed by John Hillcoat)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BK2589VacP8 (directed by Ilinka Hoepfner)


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Box of Assorted Chocolates.
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Where the hell have I been?
November 16, 2009, 11:06 am
It takes a lot of time to sit around with a thumb up your butt. Trust me, I know. Basically that's what I have been doing. Check out
Dueling Analogs
while we all wait for that thumb to be removed.
This is...
August 10, 2009, 1:53 pm
...the beginning of the end.
I'm a Right Bastard...
June 26, 2009, 4:02 am
Yesterday was my thirty-fifth birthday and it will be known forever as the day the King of Pop died. Just like Elvis, Jackson appears to have died from a massive heart attack. I'm quite curious nw to see if Jackson will replace Elvis as most profitable dead celebrity. Anyway, with the subject of "Thriller" being about a zombie uprising, how could I resist? I'd post the video for "Thriller" but it seems all they are all embed disabled. Bastards! So here's 1500 prisoners doing the Zombie Dance. Screw you W&M and your "world record over 200 people Zombie Dance."
It's Up!
June 19, 2009, 5:48 pm
Posted the comic a bit later than intended but at least it's up on time. You may have noticed the little tail walking across the panels. Looks a lot like Garfield's, huh? Well today is Garfield's birthday, so I thought I'd throw that in as an homage. Honestly I thought it made more sense since he's a comic strip character. Paula Abdul would have looked out of place (today is her birthday as well...).
Comic Will Be Up Later...
June 18, 2009, 7:52 pm
Due to a number of factors, mainly being that I had to work two extra hours at work and only just got in a little while ago, the comic will be updated Friday afternoon. Just wanted to give yu guys the heads up.
Links and Affliates
News and
generated by
Bored & Evil Online Comic and its characters © 2019 Time Bomb Media


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101 tracked gamers have this game, 18 have completed it (17.82%)
This is a rare trophy on PSN.
Copyright © 2019 TrueGaming Network Ltd, All Rights Reserved
Playstation, Playstation Network, and all other Playstation specific terms are registered trademarks of Sony.
Concept, Design, Programming and Server Stuff by Rich Stone
aka TrueTrophy
Site version: 5.1.3, also available on Mobile


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You pick the music, we'll set the stage
One definite way to liven things up is to bring a concert to the crowd. Live music will provide top-notch entertainment and pump up the energy for a fun, sociable atmosphere. Our cozier, more intimate club spaces are ideal venues for smaller ensembles or single performers. Promoters can even utilize our outdoor spaces to showcase talent in a rarified atmosphere.
Famous stars such as Kenny Chesney and Tim McGraw will play in a sold out concert here this summer, but you don't have to be Kenny Chesney to perform outdoors here. Whatever the size of the gig, Target Field® hits all the right notes to keep your event electric.
Delaware North Companies is the exclusive caterer of Target Field events. With Executive Chef Pastor Jimenez and his staff conjuring up exquisite spreads, it's musical accompaniment with just the right flavor.
Get a glimpse of Target Field from behind the scenes. Treat guests to private tours.
Display a live feed of the concert on one of our video boards for big, bold visuals.
Liven up the concert by having Twins mascot T.C. dance along with guests.
Target Field could not have been better received by our associates. The Carew Atrium is amazing and
the adjoining space with its stage made the entertainment unforgettable. We'll remember it for
years to come.
Dave Toner, 2011 Nestlé HealthCare Nutrition
Add a touch of urban sophistication to your event. Enjoy superb views of the field and city skyline. Capacity for up to 490.Explore this venue »
Our largest interior space works well for concerts and entertainment. Offers big views of the video boards and downtown. Capacity for up to 1,500.Explore this venue »
Target Field offers several outdoor areas for concerts big and small. Capacity for up to 40,000. Contact a Target Field Events representative.Contact us »


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Vermont Supreme Court to hear arguments on nuclear power plant
Associated Press
MONTPELIER -- A lawyer for the Vermont Yankee nuclear plant's owner told the state Supreme Court on Wednesday it should dismiss a complaint that the plant has been disobeying orders from state utility regulators and should be shut down.
The arguments before the Vermont Supreme Court are just the latest in a long series of fights involving regulators, lawmakers and plant owner Entergy Corp. At issue this time is a clause in Entergy's 2002 purchase agreement for the plant over a 2012 deadline for a new state permit.
Entergy lawyer Kathleen Sullivan disputed two rulings by the Public Service Board last year that the plant had been operating since March 21 in violation of the 10-year-old agreement with the state that it would shut down by that date if it didn't have a new state permit.
Brice Simon, a lawyer for the anti-nuclear New England Coalition, told the justices he had decided to bring the group's complaint to them because going to the Public Service Board "probably is futile." He said the board "already has issued multiple orders finding that Entergy is in violation" of its 2002 order approving New Orleans-based Entergy's purchase of Vermont Yankee from a group of New England utilities.
In the orders Simon referred to, the board stopped short of ordering the plant to shut down immediately, but made clear it would consider Entergy's actions as it decides whether to grant the company's request for a new state permit to operate until 2032. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission renewed Vermont Yankee's federal license for that 20-year period in 2011.
The plant's continued operation has been the subject of much legal and legislative wrangling.
Entergy's attorney blamed the plant's inability to get a new state permit on interference by the Legislature, which had passed two laws saying Vermont Yankee needed a green light from lawmakers in addition to the NRC and the Public Service Board. The Senate then denied the plant permission to continue operations while the matter never saw action in the House.
After it got its new NRC license, Entergy sued the state in U.S. District Court in Brattleboro, where a judge last January ruled that the Legislature had overstepped its bounds.
That put the question of the plant's future back before the Public Service Board, where it had been before the Legislature's involvement. While pre-empted from ruling on safety, the board maintains jurisdiction over the impacts of Vermont Yankee on the state's environment and utility economics. Meanwhile, Vermont Yankee has kept operating, past the expiration of its initial state and federal licenses on its 40th birthday last March.
The Public Service Board raised the alarm in decisions in March and November that the plant's continued operation appeared to violate part of a 2002 order approving Entergy's purchase of Vermont Yankee. The agreement said the plant would stop operating if it did not get a new state permit before its 40th birthday.
A provision in Vermont law allows parties to cases before the Public Service Board to petition the Supreme Court if they feel board orders are not being adequately enforced. The anti-nuclear group New England Coalition, which had been a party to the 2002 PSB case on the sale of Vermont Yankee to Entergy, seized on that rarely used section of law last month, asking the court to shut Vermont Yankee down based on the sale agreement.
Wednesday's hearing was on a request by Entergy to dismiss that complaint. The company argued that state law allows the plant to continue operating under its old license while its renewal is pending before the Public Service Board.
The only just outcome of the board process would be a win for Entergy, Sullivan said. "If they shut us down after this hearing they will be in defiance of Vermont law and of the District Court in Brattleboro. So they can do it, but it would be unlawful."
The court did not indicate when it would rule.
If you'd like to leave a comment (or a tip or a question) about this story with the editors, please email us. We also welcome letters to the editor for publication; you can do that by filling out our letters form and submitting it to the newsroom.


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Your daily news briefing, with the video of the day, top news and quote of the day.
News to know
A Marine shot two of his fellow officers before killing himself at a Quantico, Va., base Thrusday night, CNN reports. Investigators have not yet released the identites of victims, as family members are still being notified. No motive has yet been disclosed. The officer candidate school on base was locked down after the first victim was found; the shooter and second victim were found in one of the school's barracks. A Pentagon spokesman said Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel was "saddened to learn" of the shooting and that he expressed his sympathy to the victims' families.
Quote of note
"I am hopeful that today's exchange between the two leaders will enable them to engage in deeper cooperation on this and a range of other challenges and opportunities." - President Barack Obama, after Israel apologized to Turkey for a flotilla attack in 2010 that killed nine Turkish activists.
Hot video: Gov. Chris Christie's kindergarten Q & A
GateHouse News Service


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Radical Homemaker Shannon Hayes discovered that producing what she needs at home lets her live on a fraction of what she thought she needed.
It should have been a high point in my life. I had just successfully defended my dissertation and had three potential job opportunities. But I found myself pacing around our cabin or walking the hills of my familys farm, alternately weeping and hurling invectives into the country air. Bob and I were fighting with a force Id never seen.
The simple fact was, I didnt want the job Id spent years working toward.
I thought you wanted this! Why the hell did you just spend the last four years at Cornell? Why did we just go through with this? Why did you say thats what you wanted?
What could I tell him? Because I didnt know any other way to stay close to my familys land and make the kind of money I thought we needed? Because I didnt believe there was a future in farming? Because the only way I thought I could manifest my talents was within an institution that would offer me a paycheck?
What do you want?
To write and farm.
Then do it.
We need money. I dont know how to do it.
But I did know how. Since our arrival on these shores, every generation of my family has farmed. I was in the first generation that didnt believe we could make a living doing it. Our neighbors lived, laughed, and loved on these rocky hillsides, and they did it with four-figure incomes. And yet, Id come to believe that, on these same hills, we needed six. Somewhere along the line, I had stopped believing the evidence that was before me and started believing one of the central myths of modern American culture: that a family requires a pile of money just to survive in some sort of comfort and that his and her dual careers were an improvement over times past.
What had changed? Why did I believe we needed so much? It was a puzzle to me at the time. In retrospect I see that my generation grew up immersed in media that equated affluence with respect, happiness, and fulfillment. We heard a national dialogue that predicted the end of the family farm. Those messages shook our security in our lifestylewe ended up questioning our own experience.
After all, I grew up working on my neighbors farm. We had fantastic midday feasts, the house was warm in the winter, and there was always a little spare cash on hand to donate when someone was in trouble. And plenty of pies got baked, gratis, to contribute to the local church bake sale and turkey supper. I was in my mid-20s before I discovered just how little money they lived on.
That was how many people lived as I was growing up in West Fulton, N.Y., where my family still farms. The steep hillsides and frosty valleys render most modern industrial farming technologies impractical in my community. Cash crops are few. To survive, my neighbors had to produce as many of the things they needed as possible and buy only the things they absolutely couldnt make or grow at home. They grew and preserved food, sewed and mended clothes, and did their own repairs, improvements, and upkeep on the farm.
But most American lives reflect a transition that happened in households following the Industrial Revolution. Before then, the home was a center of production, not very different from the original households that first emerged in 13th-century Europe, as the feudal period was coming to an end. The familys economic security was a result of the householders combined efforts to produce what they needed. They raised their food, cured their meats, made soap, wove fabric, and produced their own clothing.
Once the industrial revolution took hold, the household changed. Men were first to leave the home to work in factories, where they earned wages and used them to purchase the goods and services they were no longer home to produce. The more men worked outside the home, the more households had to buy in order to meet their needs.
For a time, women continued to produce from within the home, but factories eventually supplanted the housewives duties as well. As time wore on, domestic skills were no longer paramount for survival. Instead of cultivating skills to provide for our own needs, we pursued skills to produce for others needs in exchange for the money to buy what was once produced in the home. The household had changed from a center of production that supplied most of its own needs to a center of consumption that bought nearly everything it needed.
At first, there were some pretty great consumer items that, in all fairness, lightened a burdensome domestic labor loadautomatic washing machines, for example. But the idea of buying labor-saving devices that cant be made at home gradually turned into our modern consumer culturewhere everything from bread to entertainment must be boughtand generated our national assumption that a middle-class family requires one or both spouses to make lots of money.
The families I grew up around were exceptions to the trend. The agricultural industrial revolution is a relatively newfangled phenomenon that really only took hold in the last 60 years. For a long time after most American households became centers of consumption, the family farm was still a center of production. The survival of the pre-industrialized farm was contingent partly on products grown for sale, but also on household production that reduced the need to buy things.
Ultimately, Bob and I joined my parents in the grassfed meat business, where we now work, like many others, to help build a local, sustainable food system that enables us to make an adequate living. Keeping the lessons of our neighbors in mind, we determined that the key to survival was producing as much as we could and buying only what we must. We raise and sell meat for our income, but we also render fat into soap, preserve the summer harvest for winter, and spend more time socializing with friends and neighbors at home for entertainment than we do going out and spending money on amusements. Even with two children, we live very well on a bit more than $40,000 per year, a far cry from the six-figure income that I once thought we needed.
Bob and I are fortunate in having access to my parents land and to the knowledge that they and other farmers in the area share with us. That has made our transition easier. But it doesnt take a farm to begin the journey. Americans from different walks of life all around the country are taking steps in their own households, whether they are rural, urban, or suburban. Even without a land base, they are finding ways to turn their homes from units of consumption to units of production. They are walking and biking, rather than driving; cooking rather than going out for fast food; playing music and creating art rather than buying entertainment from mass media; preserving the harvest from local farms rather than buying packaged foods from an industrialized food system; brewing beer in the corner of their apartments; learning how to fix their own toilets and cars; repairing their clothing or finding ways to repurpose it; networking with neighbors to barter for goods and services that they cannot produce.
The upshot is a growing movement of Americans who are creating a new home economics where there is time for family members to enjoy each other, where the ecological footprint is greatly reduced, and where, instead of the family working to support the household, the household works to support the family. With this new home economy, relationships are deeper, children are more connected with the life systems that support them, and the family can make it through economic hard times with dignity and joy.
source http://www.alternet.org/food/149231/...p/?page=entire