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This study examined changes in sleep parameters between the laboratory and the home setting before and after laboratory monitoring in depressed insomniacs undergoing treatment.
This study was a post hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial performed with 60 depressed, insomniac outpatients. Patients underwent actigraphic monitoring along with sleep diaries over a continuous 2-week period. After one week of baseline monitoring, subjects spent one night in the laboratory with concurrent actigraphic and PSG monitoring with sleep diaries. Actigraphic monitoring and sleep diaries were continued for another week at home, along with initiation of open-label fluoxetine (FLX).
Actigraphically recorded laboratory sleep during the night in the laboratory was found to be improved relative to actigraphically recorded sleep at home, with less wake time and greater sleep time and sleep efficiency occurring in the laboratory. In contrast, sleep diaries indicated a slight worsening of sleep in the laboratory compared to home, with significantly more awakenings in the laboratory compared to the week at home before and after the laboratory night.
The differences between objective and subjective sleep measurements seen in depressed insomniacs may be influenced by the monitoring setting and measurement modality.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00247624
McCall C; McCall WV. Objective vs. subjective measurements of sleep in depressed insomniacs: first night effect or reverse first night effect? J Clin Sleep Med 2012;8(1):59-65.
Many individuals experience worse sleep during their first night in a sleep laboratory than on successive nights. This "first night effect" (FNE) is typically characterized by increased sleep onset latency, increased REM latency, a lower percentage of REM stage sleep, and lower sleep efficiency as measured by polysomnography (PSG). While many studies have observed the FNE phenomenon in normal subjects and in those with depression or insomnia,1–3 others have observed a reduced or absent FNE.4–6 It has been suggested that factors such as the location of monitoring or pleasantness of the laboratory environment may attenuate this effect, or that individual variability may cancel out differences for entire samples.5,7–10
Many studies observing a FNE have also noted a "paradoxical" or "reverse" first night effect (RFNE) in some of their subjects.11–14 The RFNE is characterized by the observation of decreased sleep onset latency, decreased REM latency, a higher percentage of REM, and greater sleep efficiency in the first night at the laboratory relative to successive nights, as measured by PSG.13 For insomniacs who demonstrate this phenomenon, several explanations have been proposed. Hauri et al. suggested that maladaptive reinforcements are formed between the insomniac's sleeping problems and their normal sleep environment.13,15 This conditioned arousal reaction to their normal sleep environment does not generalize to the novel sleep environment of the laboratory, where they fall asleep more easily. Alternatively, de la Pena proposed that some insomniacs require a higher level of waking sensory stimulation to induce sleep, and the greater sensory stimulation of the novel laboratory environment improves their sleep.16
Current Knowledge/Study Rationale: Actigraphy and subjective sleep reports are used to measure sleep continuity, but few studies have compared these methods in both home and laboratory environments. This study analyzed differences between sleep continuity in the laboratory and sleep at home before and after laboratory monitoring using actigraphy, PSG, and subjective sleep reports, in depressed insomniacs undergoing treatment.
Study Impact: This study found that the presence of a first night effect versus a reverse first night effect depended upon the measurement modality used. Measurement of sleep using actigraphy and sleep diaries produced contradictory patterns of sleep continuity between home and laboratory settings in this sample of depressed insomniacs.
Studies investigating sleep laboratory adaptation effects have typically focused on comparing the first night of sleep in the laboratory with successive nights in the laboratory. In the explanations for the RFNE postulated by Hauri et al. and de la Pena, one assumption is that sleep during the first laboratory night is not only better than sleep during successive nights in the laboratory, but also better than sleep at home; however, this assumption has not been tested. Studies on the FNE comparing home sleep monitoring with laboratory sleep monitoring have typically compared the first night at home to successive nights at home.5,17–20 None to our knowledge have directly compared sleep in the laboratory with sleep at home before and after laboratory monitoring.
Also, studies reporting a RFNE in insomniacs have largely excluded patients with significant psychiatric illnesses such as depression; however, it has been shown that insomnia and depression are frequently comorbid conditions, with over 90% of depressed patients suffering from sleep complaints.21,22 Some studies on first night adaptation effects in depressed patients have observed a reduced or absent FNE2,9,23; however, it is unknown whether patients suffering from both insomnia and depression exhibit similar laboratory adaptation effects as those suffering from only one of these disorders.
The aim of this study was to analyze differences between sleep continuity variables in the laboratory and sleep at home before and after laboratory monitoring using actigraphic monitoring and sleep diaries, in subjects undergoing a 9-week clinical trial of simultaneous treatment of major depressive episode (MDE) with open-label fluoxetine (FLX) and insomnia with eszopiclone (ESZ) or placebo. Actigraphy was used as an objective sleep measurement method because of its utility as a noninvasive, cost-effective method of capturing sleep intervals over the entire 10-week course of the study. Although the use of actigraphy is controversial in some populations, including insomniacs,24–26 it has been indicated by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine as a valid method to characterize sleep patterns in insomnia.27 In previous analyses of this sample, actigraphy was found to provide a close approximation to polysomnography (PSG) in measurements of sleep onset latency (SOL), wake time after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency (SE).28 Although actigraphy and subjective reports provide a far less invasive way to test differences between familiar and novel sleep environments, few studies have used actigraphy or subjective reports in testing the FNE, and those studies did not report a FNE with these methods when used at home.18,29 This study thus also examines the utility of actigraphy and subjective reports in capturing changes between home and laboratory environments.
This is a post hoc analysis of a study whose primary endpoint was quality of life; full details of the research protocol are described elsewhere.30 Briefly, 60 patients diagnosed with both insomnia and MDE underwent a week of continuous baseline data collection with actigraphy and sleep diaries, followed by one night in a sleep laboratory with actigraphy, sleep diary, and polysomnographic data collection. This was followed by a second week of continuous data collection with actigraphy and sleep diaries. During this second week of the study, subjects also began the clinical treatment component of the study with the initiation of open-label FLX monotherapy, starting at 20 mg each morning.
Sixty participants aged 19-64 years participated in the study. At baseline, participants either (a) reported sleep latency > 30 min and sleep efficiency < 85% at least 4 nights per week, or (b) met Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for insomnia ≥ 4 nights per week.31 Phone screening confirmed a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 35, absence of habitual snoring or daytime sleepiness, absence of significant restless leg symptoms, and absence of substance abuse or medical illnesses likely to interfere with sleep.32
A confirmation diagnosis of unipolar MDE per Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) was made during the first face-to-face visit after > 7 days of abstinence from all psychotropic medications (4 weeks for FLX).33 After baseline monitoring with PSG, participants with significant sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > 15) or clinically significant periodic limb movement (PLM) disorder (PLM-arousal index [PLMAI] of > 15) were excluded.34
The measurements of sleep continuity variables for this study included self-reported sleep diaries and actigraphy. PSG data were also obtained during laboratory monitoring nights.
Participants continuously wore a Mini Mitter actigraphy monitor (AW64 Actiwatch) on their non-dominant wrist for the duration of the study. The AW64 output was scored using the proprietary Actiware Software, version 5.0. The medium sensitivity setting at 30-sec epochs was used for actigraphic data. The first week of the study collected baseline data prior to beginning treatment. The laboratory monitoring period occurred at the end of the first week, and was timed to begin at each participant's median bedtime as defined from prospective diary collection of the week prior. Actigraphic data for the second week was collected at the end of that week. Weekly averages of sleep variables obtained from week 1 and week 2 were computed from actigraphy software algorithms.
Participants were instructed to keep prospective, daily sleep diary entries of their bedtime, sleep latency, number of awakenings, WASO, TST, and rising time for the duration of the study. Sleep diaries were collected at the end of each week and at the end of the laboratory monitoring night between week 1 and week 2. Participants also completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at baseline. Higher scores on the ISI represent greater degrees of insomnia.35
Sleep parameters obtained from actigraphic recordings and sleep diaries included SOL, number of awakenings, WASO, and TST. Actigraphic recordings additionally obtained sleep efficiency (SE) and rest period data.
At the end of their first week, participants completed one night of 8-h PSG in the sleep laboratory for baseline data collection. At this time participants were free of psychotropic medications for > 2 weeks. PSG was started at their median bedtime as defined from the prospective diary collection. The PSG montage included 4 EEG channels (C3-A2, C4-A1, C3-O1, and C4-O2), left and right EOG, chin EMG, right and left anterior tibialis EMG, EKG, nasal thermistor, oral thermistor, respiratory effort, and pulse oximetry. The PSG data were digitally collected on a VIASYS SomnoStar system. Scoring was completed according to standard criteria, and was blind to participant identity.36
Post hoc analyses of the differences between sleep continuity variables at home and sleep in the lab were performed using SAS JMP (version 8.0) data analysis software. Basic analytic approaches included two-tailed paired t-tests to calculate whether the difference between home and laboratory sleep parameters were different from "0." For all analyses, a two-tailed p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Using this approach, we compared the mean values of sleep parameters during the first week of the study to the values obtained during the first night of laboratory testing, which occurred at the end of the first week. We also compared the laboratory values of that night with the mean values of the week afterwards. The rest period as recorded by actigraphy was also compared between home and laboratory environments, as differences in the rest period may potentially impact differences in the total amount of sleep and sleep efficiency seen between sleeping environments. Bonferroni corrections were applied to address the problem of multiple comparisons, with p < 0.005 required to achieve significance.
The overall randomized sample was middle-aged, two-thirds women, and 23% minorities. The baseline severity of insomnia as reflected by the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was in the moderate range, while depression severity as reflected by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was in the moderate to severe range.37 Most participants experienced MDE of the melancholic subtype (Table 1).
Baseline demographics and measures of depression and insomnia (N = 60)
[i] N (%) or mean ± standard deviation.
(more ...)
In the analysis which compared week 1 mean values with laboratory night 1 values (following week 1), actigraphic recordings for laboratory night 1 demonstrated improved sleep for all parameters, except the number of awakenings, compared to the mean values of week 1 (p < 0.005), including a significantly shorter SOL, shorter WASO, and longer TST. There was no significant difference between the duration of the rest period between week 1 and laboratory night 1 (Table 2).
Actigraphic differences between home and laboratory settings
* With Bonferroni corrections, < 0.005 was considered significant.
Mean actigraphic recordings for week 2 (following laboratory night 1) demonstrated significantly longer mean SOL and shorter TST compared to laboratory night 1 (p < 0.005). The number of awakenings was also higher for week 2 than laboratory night 1, but this difference was not significant. As before, there was no significant difference between the duration of the rest period between laboratory night 1 and week 2 (Table 2).
In contrast with actigraphy, sleep diaries recorded slightly worse sleep in the laboratory compared to home (Table 3). For the analysis between week 1 and laboratory night 1, sleep diaries recorded significantly more awakenings in the laboratory relative to the week prior (p < 0.005). Differences for SOL, WASO, and TST recorded by sleep diaries were not significant. The mean number of awakenings was also significantly lower during week 2 compared to laboratory night 1 (p < 0.005). SOL, WASO, and TST showed nonsignificant improvements during week 2 relative to laboratory night 1.
Sleep diary differences between home and laboratory settings
Figures 1-4 plot the mean weekly home values as well as laboratory values for actigraphy and sleep diaries over the course of the study.
Changes in sleep onset latency over course of study
Changes in number of awakenings (diaries) and wake bouts (actigraphy) over course of study
Changes in wake time after sleep onset over course of study
Changes in total sleep time over course of study
Table 4 provides data for polysomnography measurements, as well as actigraphy and sleep diaries, for all subjects during the laboratory monitoring session.
Laboratory night measurements for all subjects (mean ± SD, minutes)
The results of this study found that, overall, actigraphic sleep measurements demonstrated significantly increased sleep time and decreased wake time in the laboratory relative to the home environment; all nonsignificant differences occurred in the same direction of a greater quantity of actigraphic sleep in the lab relative to home. In contrast, sleep diary variables showed significantly increased number of awakenings in the laboratory relative to home; nonsignificant differences occurred in the same direction of a lower quantity of self-reported sleep obtained in the laboratory relative to home, with the exception of sleep latency.
The actigraphic results support the hypothesis that some insomniacs may sleep better in the laboratory setting than at home.13,16 While previous studies have supported this hypothesis only by demonstrating worsening of sleep from the first night to successive nights, this study directly compared actigraphic sleep at home versus the lab, and found that actigraphic sleep was better in the laboratory than at home. Unlike Hauri's finding that insomniacs demonstrating a RFNE were less depressed than those demonstrating a FNE, the current study observed a RFNE with insomniacs diagnosed with depression. However, the authors noted in their study that patients diagnosed with mood disorders other than dysthymia were typically excluded by their selection process.13
As Hauri et al. suggested, the RFNE effect may be due to maladaptive associations of insomnia, formed in the normal sleeping environment of the insomnia patient, that are then disrupted by the novel sleeping environment of the lab.13 Alternatively, the increased sensory stimulation of the novel sleep environment and monitoring equipment may provide better sleep in those insomniacs whose poor sleep may be caused by "information underload" in their normal sleep environment.16 A third possible explanation is related to the nature of the sleep laboratory, as it has been suggested that the quality of the sleep environment and staff interactions may have an effect on sleep in a laboratory setting.7,8 The laboratory environment used for this study was underground and sound attenuated, with little ambient light and simple bedroom furnishings; it is possible that this setting facilitated better sleep than the patients' normal sleep environment.
In contrast to the actigraphic data, sleep diaries indicated no significant changes between self-reported sleep in the laboratory setting except an increased number of awakenings in the laboratory setting. Actigraphic differences between home and laboratory were much greater than the differences for sleep diaries, showing a strong reverse first night effect measured by actigraphy, and a weak first night effect measured by sleep diaries.
There are several possible explanations for these discrepancies. Differences between objective and subjective measurements of sleep are commonly reported in insomniacs. In studies using PSG, patients with insomnia are noted for underestimating their total amount of sleep and overstating sleep latency, compared to PSG.3,38 Insomniacs often report a degree of sleep disturbance not reflected in PSG sleep, and may report improvements also not reflected in PSG sleep.39 A previous study by Saletu et al. also found that FNE observed with PSG was not reflected in subjectively experienced sleep quality.18 Therefore, it might be concluded that these depressed insomniacs underestimated their self-reported sleep in the laboratory relative to actigraphy.
Another possibility is that participants accurately portrayed their self-reported sleep as being slightly worse in the laboratory, while actigraphy falsely recorded better sleep in the laboratory. This might occur if the presence of PSG monitoring equipment caused participants to lie awake but still, thus leading to incorrect recording of sleep continuity by actigraphy. This is supported by the fact that the differences between home and laboratory measurements were much greater with actigraphy than with the sleep diaries. To address the validity of actigraphy versus PSG and sleep diaries in the laboratory, previous analyses of this sample have been performed to compare these methods.28 In those analyses, it was found that sleep diary measurements were significantly different from PSG in variables of SOL, WASO, and TST, whereas actigraphy and PSG were not significantly different for those variables. Because it was found that actigraphic sleep provided a closer approximation to PSG sleep than did sleep diaries during the laboratory night in this sample, it may be concluded that the lack of agreement between actigraphy and sleep diaries may be due more to subjective misperception of sleep duration in this sample of depressed insomniacs, rather than actigraphy falsely recording sleep continuity when subjects are lying awake but still.
This study was limited by a number of factors. One general limitation was that there was no systematic measurement of daytime sleeping that could have affected nighttime measurements of sleep at home. Also, the study was conducted with thermistor technology without a nasal pressure transducer, so it is possible the extent of sleep apnea in this sample was underestimated. Given the high proportion of comorbid anxiety in this sample, it is possible that anxiety may also have influenced some of the effects noted in this study. However, trait anxiety and bedtime state anxiety have each been more closely associated with FNE rather than RFNE.13,14 In our analyses, the number of direct comparisons between variables introduced the possibility of falsely significant differences; we attempted to reduce this possibility with Bonferroni-corrected significance levels < 0.005.
Measurement-specific limitations may also have affected the results of this study. Choice of actigraphy product and accompanying proprietary algorithm, sensitivity level, use of non-dominant versus dominant wrist, and the analysis of the first night in the sleep lab may have affected our actigraphic findings. In regards to sleep diaries, it is possible that changes in medication, alcohol use, or tobacco use may have affected self-reporting. PSG monitoring, particularly that of REM sleep, may have been affected by the washout of prior antidepressant medications used before the initiation of the study. Lastly, although we speculate that PSG monitoring equipment may have influenced participants to lie still in the laboratory relative to home (thus increasing actigraphically measured sleep), we did not conduct PSG monitoring in the home environment. Future research to isolate changes in actigraphic measurements based on the environment should conduct simultaneous PSG and actigraphic monitoring in both environments.
In summary, the present study found that the first night in the laboratory resulted in better actigraphic sleep for this sample of depressed insomniacs, but slightly worse self-reported sleep as measured by sleep diaries. These results emphasize the importance of using multiple methods for measuring sleep continuity in populations of patients such as those with depression and insomnia, particularly in the assessment and diagnosis of sleep problems. It may be that the discrepant results between objective and subjective methods frequently seen in insomniacs are influenced by the laboratory setting. While comparisons between actigraphy and the gold standard of PSG have found that actigraphy data more closely mirrored PSG data than did sleep diaries, this study revealed significant differences between the laboratory and home for actigraphic sleep that were not reflected in sleep diaries, calling into question whether actigraphy is appropriate for all monitoring environments. It may be that actigraphy has better application as a monitoring tool in the home than in the laboratory, especially when PSG monitoring equipment may influence body movement and thus affect actigraphic sleep recording. It must also be noted that although this sample as a whole demonstrated a strong RFNE by actigraphic measurements, a small number of individual subjects may have demonstrated variable results that included FNE or no adaptation effects at all. Further research is needed in comparing sleep in the laboratory with sleep at home using actigraphy and sleep diaries to determine if this phenomenon is truly a "reverse" first night effect.
This study was partially funded and medications provided by Sepracor; in addition, funding and material support was provided by Mini Mitter. Dr. W. Vaughn McCall was on the Speaker Bureau for Sepracor and Merck and has received research support from Sealy, Sepracor, Mini Mitter, Corcept, and Sanofi. He is an advisor to Merck. The other authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
Work for this study was performed at Wake Forest University Health Sciences. This study was funded by NIH grants: MH70821 and M01-RR07122.
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By banning the sales of pesticides and herbicides Bhutan has outlined a clear path for the future of its agriculture: it will become the first wholly organic country in the world. Bhutan was already largely organic, but the recent decision announced at the Delhi Sustainable Development Summit 2013 aims to make it possible for the tiny Himalayan country to cut the last bond with dangerous agricultural chemicals.The goal is not only to go organic, but to grow more food as well. Bhutan aims to achieve this with a region-by-region and crop-by-crop approach. At the same time it will study and introduce new methods of growing traditional crops in order to increase yields.
This will set an example to show how ecological farming, which organic farming falls under, is a valid alternative to industrial agriculture when it comes to increasing food production. The only hurdle is in the consistency of investment, which ecological farming lacks when compared with the financial resources industrial farming attracts.But apart from the higher yields, an added benefit is the boost to Bhutan's export potential as the country tries to increase organic foods exports to neighboring China and India, where the demand for organic produce is on the rise. It makes business sense!Bhutan already has an important record to be proud of: it is a carbon neutral country and food secure while also being able to guarantee water and electricity supplies to more than 95% of its population. It is now making the next step to become 100% organic, not only for practical reasons to grow more food, but also from philosophical point of view to protect the environment."Hopefully we can provide solutions. What is at stake is the future. We need governments who can make bold decisions now rather than later," Agriculture Minister Pema Gyamtsho said in an interview. The small country in the eastern end of the Himalayas is not new to taking a lead role on issues around the environment and sustainability.In 1971 Bhutan set a new concept for measuring progress. Rather than using the amount of goods and services produced by the country (known as Gross Domestic Product or GDP) it implemented a new measure and criteria known as Gross National Happiness or GNH. This measures the spiritual, physical, social and environmental wellbeing of its inhabitants and territory. This type of development model has been discussed at the UN and has been publicly backed by leaders from Britain and France.The latest move by Bhutan to ban the sales of pesticides and herbicides is testament to the country's leading environmental stance: these chemicals are petrol based and their residues end up in the food we eat and damage the soil and the water quality.So what are we waiting for? While Bhutan is small and its agriculture scale rather limited, from a global perspective we can still learn from its approach. The move to turn 100% organic is prompted by farmers becoming convinced that they need to work in harmony with nature. This idea that we need to work with nature is a central aspect of farming that we seem to forget and which should be put at the core of agriculture.Let the world learn from Bhutan … once again!

subset: commoncrawl


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K1 World Max Final 4: Results
Monday, 24 February 2014 | Carl
SOURCE: www.liverkick.com
Today is the day, with that day being the one in which we find out what the K-1 World MAX Finals will look like. The Final Four is Buakaw Banchamek vs. Sung-Hyun Lee and Shane Campbell vs. Enriko Kehl in a winner takes all environment. The event kicks off at 11am Eastern time/8am Pacific and can be watched here on LiverKick entirely for free. So join me in waking up extremely early to watch some K-1 action on this fine Sunday morning (afternoon or evening to those of you beyond the Western hemisphere).
Ruslan Kobzev (R3 - Decision) Dennis Ippema
Zakaria Zougarry (R2 - TKO) Amil Shakhmarzade
Miodrag Olar (R3 - Decision) Babek Rustamov
Cedric Manhoef (R3 - Decision) Ismat Agazade
Alim Nabiev (R3 - Split Decision) Chad Sugden
Ziya Bayramov (R3 - TKO) Omar el Amrani
K-1 World MAX Final Four: Buakaw Banchamek (R3 - Unanimous Decision) Sung-Hyun Lee
K-1 World MAX Final Four: Enriko Kehl (R3 - Unanimous Decision) Shane Campbell
Tural Bayramov (R3 - Unanimous Decision) Marco Groh
Samet Keser (R3 - Decision) Daniel Lazar
George Colin (R1 - TKO) Samir Kazimov


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Hi Kim (and other TX chapter ladies!) -
Just wanted to check in with you and get some feedback on what's been happening in your chapter lately. Since I've recently taken on the role of helping to coordinate the activities of the state groups, I'm trying to finally make some progress in observing/monitoring/leading all the state/regional efforts and get all of us better connected.
Kim - take a look at my post in the Diva Network section (Calling all Divas) and give me your comments/feedback/questions. I would also love to hear an update on TX and how your recent Meet and Greet went!
Looking forward to hearing from you!
Carol Hamilton, Pharm.D.
Michigan Coordinator
Director of Chapter Development
Ann Arbor
TX Chapter update?
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Tula Torbas are beautifully handcrafted handbags designed and sewn in Poland from Tula Woven Wraps, which combine the art and beauty of modern weaving with the quality of generations of European textile traditions. These handbags are a representation of our passion for textiles in a way that is elegant, useful, and lasts beyond the babywearing years.
Placement of the woven wrap pattern is not guaranteed, and may vary from the photo pictured. Due to the unique and limited nature of these Torbas, the placement on some of them may be one-of-a-kind and not exactly represented by the product photo.
Width: 11.5"
Height (without straps): 11.5"
Side & Bottom Depth: 5"
Tie Straps: ~34" each


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ARLINGTON, Texas, Oct. 2 (UPI) -- Lance Briggs and Charles Tillman each returned an interception for a touchdown Monday and the Chicago Bears manhandled Dallas 34-18.
The Bears defense picked off Dallas signal-caller Tony Romo five times overall, helping Chicago (3-1) win its second straight.
Jay Cutler tossed a pair of scoring passes en route to 275 yards, going 18-of-24 through the air.
His favorite target was Brandon Marshall, who made seven receptions for 138 yards receiving with a score.
Matt Forte shook off an ankle sprain to pick up 52 rushing yards on 13 carries for the Bears.
The five pick-offs were a career high for Romo, who finished with 307 yards and a touchdown on 31-of-43 efficiency.
The Cowboys (2-2) got 112 receiving yards and a score from Jason Witten on 13 catches in the loss.


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Uganda president ousts army boss amid dispute
KAMPALA, Uganda (AP) — Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni fired his top military commander Friday, the ouster apparently linked to turmoil over Museveni's alleged plan to have his son succeed him as head of state.
Sacked army chief Gen. Aronda Nyakairima was appointed minister of internal affairs, effectively cutting his links to the army's chain of command. Some other government officials were also moved around in a sudden shuffle of civilian and military officials.
Police, meanwhile, occupied for the fifth straight day the premises of a Kampala newspaper that had published details of a letter by another army general who asked for an investigation into reports that high-ranking officials opposed to the rise of Museveni's son could be assassinated. In letter late last month to the chief of the internal security service, Gen. David Sejusa Sejusa cited himself, Nyakairima and Prime Minister Amama Mbabazi as among those officials who are at risk of being murdered in the alleged plot.
Police on Monday disabled the Daily Monitor's printing press after forcibly entering its premises to look for evidence against Sejusa, nearly two weeks after the independent newspaper published details of the letter. They cordoned off the premises of with yellow tape Thursday, officially designating it a crime scene. Media watchdogs condemned the attack on press freedom.
Sejusa, who has postponed his journey back home from a trip to London, is wanted for questioning by Ugandan police who have searched his house and arrested four of his aides on unspecified charges.
After Sejusa's letter became public, Nyakairima dismissed it, saying it was divisive and full of opposition propaganda. Karoro Okurut, a spokeswoman for the government, has since said the Sejusa case is "a matter of national security."
Sejusa is a decorated hero of the bush war that brought Museveni to power in 1986, a four-star general with a seat on the army's high command. He is also in charge of the country's domestic and foreign intelligence agencies, the reason some in this East African country say his concerns about a purported plot to assassinate people should be taken seriously. Some lawmakers have called for an inquiry.
Rumors that Museveni is grooming his son, Muhoozi Kainerugaba, as a future president have been fueled in part by Kainerugaba's meteoric rise in the military. Kainerugaba was promoted to the rank of brigadier in changes last year that saw him take full charge of the country's special forces, an elite unit that protects the president and guards national assets such as oil fields. Analysts say Kainerugaba's powerful position in the army has alienated senior army officials including Sejusa and Nyakairima.
Ladislaus Rwakafuuzi, a prominent Ugandan lawyer and political analyst, said the new changes by Museveni are clearly part of the ongoing fallout from discontent over the alleged succession plan.
"In my opinion it is true that the army leadership has been grumbling about its loss of power to the first son," he said.
Journalists at the Daily Monitor there insist they will not reveal who gave them a copy of Sejusa's letter or give a copy to the police. Details of the letter were published May 7. The Daily Monitor says on Twitter that "police have defied the court order directing them to vacate the Monitor Publications premises they seized since Monday. Instead of opening the gates to allow employees to access their offices, police deployed more officers."
Uganda's army code of conduct bars serving army officers from speaking to journalists without official authorization. If the police can prove that Sejusa himself leaked the letter, he could face a court martial. Frank Tumwebaze, a government minister who speaks for Museveni, says Sejusa has "clear presidential ambitions."
Museveni, who says he was born in 1944 but doesn't know the exact date, has held power for nearly three decades. His current term expires in 2016.
Copyright 2013 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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Wood Alphabet Factory Blocks
These handmade wooden blocks are inspired by the original House Industires factory logo and feature a generous selection of letters, numbers, and symbols fro Houses's timeless font collection. The blocks are made in the USA from replenishable basswood and are printed with non-toxic inks. Set contains 24 printed cubes and 7 assorted factory pieces.
Size: 1.75" cubes
Code: 23939
Member price: $67.50
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The Life of Samuel Johnson: A Critical Biography
The Life of Samuel Johnson: A Critical Biography
ISBN: 978-1-557-86664-6 January 1995 Wiley-Blackwell 392 Pages
Download Product Flyer
Table of contents
A Note on the Form of Citation.
1. Lichfield.
2. Oxford and Birmingham.
3. Irene.
4. London.
5. Early Biographical Writings.
6. Miscellaneous Prose.
7. The Harleian Library.
8. Johnson's Dictionary. .
9. The Vanity of Human Wishes.
10. The Rambler.
11. Sermons.
12. The Adventurer.
13. The Literary Magazine.
14. The Idler.
15. Rasselas.
16. Shakespeare.
17. Lectures on the English Law.
18. Late Political Writings.
19. A Jourey to the Western Islands of Scotland.
20. The Lives of the Poets.
21. Final Years.
"DeMaria is himself a fine commentator, and some of his paraphrases outshine the originals..." Bostonia
"DeMaria's scrupulous patient exploration of the career in all its aspects is - right down to his book's informative and skillful Notes and Index - a heroic undertaking. He has carried it out beautifully." Professor William H. Pritchard, Amherst
"DeMaria's penetrating biography..." Gwin J. Kolb
"Balanced, incisive, and wide-ranging..." Bruce Redford
"Robert DeMaria has written a learned and at times provocative work which undoubtedly adds to our understanding of the great man." The Times
"Robert DeMaria has very nearly done it ... a thoroughly serious, even solemn Johnson." Keith Walker, TLS
"This is a fine and original critical account." Literary Review
"A pleasantly written, useful introduction to Johnson's writing." Library Journal
"A very readable account." Times Educational Supplement
"Johnson observed that people require reminding more often than instructing. Demaria's study provides both." Magill's Literary Annual 1994
"Demaria's biography is a balanced book, and - as one might expect - a learned one." Studies in English Literature 1500-1900
"An erudite, fact-packed work that delves into the social context for Johnson's writing." The Observer
"Anyone wishing to enjoy a highly readable and informative book on Johnson should find a copy of Robert DeMaria's The Life of Samuel Johnson, A Critical Biography. Even the most ardent Johnsonian will learn something new, and it can be recommended to students without qualification... Most of the facts of Johnson's life are well known; DeMaria uses them to guide us on a journey through Johnson's intellectual landscape. Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association
* Integrates the most recent scholarship.
* Provides a closer examination of Johnson than any previous study.


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Reckoning Day - Live with the Big Picnic Band
"Reckoning Day -- Live" performed by Jeni & Billy with the Big Picnic Band at the Pasadena Folk Society on November 15, 2014.
Tremendous thanks to Pattie Van Over and Mark Indictor for creating the video with such love and care. And many many thanks to Dave Way for mixing the live performance so lushly and beautifully.
This night was made possible through the enormous talents of the Big Picnic Band -- Craig Eastman, Dillon O'Brian, Denny Weston Jr., and Dave Way. Special thanks to Ali Moynihan Eastman for being our angel that night and looking after ever detail as only a best friend can.


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The Dragon Ball series is one of those TV references for a whole generation, and its products are all over the Internet: games, wallpapers, screensavers, etc. This is an illustration that shows you Goku, together with seven balls.
Then you`ll have a great time with Lemming Ball Z!As you have guessed, Lemming Ball Z is a curious hybrid of two classic games: Lemmings and DragonBall Z.
Dragon Ball Heroes uses a card based system. Instead of buttons the player need to move the cards on the game board. The game offers 5 On 5 battles. Train, Fight and Explore to become the most beloved or feared warrior in the whole universe.
Thanks to it you can get comic-style images in the style of Dragon Ball and others that are simmilar.
oung Songo during his journey at the magic cloud comes across the army of Pilaf's robots. Poor young hero has to soldier on against the evil forces, while Piccolo and others are sunbathing on holiday somewhere far, far away.
Welcome to the continuation of famous Mario Forever. After what happened in first part many things changed. Evil bowser rebuilt his army and kidnapped princess to another planet. This time Mario is not alone.
Mario Forever Flash - Adaptation of the famous Super Mario Bros 3 : Mario forever now available in the world of online games. Project built in Macromedia Flash. Of course the mission is to face evil Bowser and the army of his small soldiers.
You can become the brave X-wing Sniper today! Destroy evil swarms, which will try to anihilate planet Earth. Face pernicious Boss commanding a huge spaceship - Obliterator. Numerous bonuses to gain, affixable guns to your spaceship in option.
Speed Line for making the object have air of swiftness all about it. Radial Lines for turning all eyes on one point. Flash for making a balloon to show object's mental state. Other effects: a glance, magic effect.
Lite version of Mario Forever Galaxy. Welcome to the continuation of famous Mario Forever. After what happened in first part many things changed. Evil bowser rebuilt his army and kidnapped princess to another planet. This time Mario is not alone.
Speed Line for making the object have air of swiftness all about it. Radial Lines for turning all eyes on one point. Flash for making a balloon to show object's mental state. Other effects: a glance, magic effect.
From the makers of Bugatron comes Z-Ball a new breakout-style game using hardware 3D graphics. Z-Ball has impeccable physics, silky-smooth playability, and a bunch of fantastic new power-ups. At less than 4 megs, Z-Ball is a quick download.
3d graphics, spell check, nice music, and oh yah the hot fire breathing dragon that changes easy letters to harder ones like Z or X. First 5 levels as much as you want, get all 30 levels and customize with purchase.
From the makers of Bugatron and Z-Ball comes Marbles Deluxe. Guide your little marble home in this super-addictive puzzler. Based on the legendary Amiga classic, Marbles Deluxe features gorgeous 3D rendered animations and 16 free levels.
3D gameplay compete with innovative approach make XRay Ball not a simple remake but rather a product of evolution of the popular arcade. Enjoy new game elements and fun bonuses that bolster game performance and make it much more intriguing.
Magic Ball is now includes more bonuses and contains 30 new levels guaranteed to have you hooked up! Professional 3D graphics, studio-level sound effects, awesome original soundtrack and well-designed gameplay are at your service.
Ping Ball is a fun new arcade puzzle game. The idea is simple; bounce the ping balls around the screen by dropping mirrors in their path, and use them to collect all the energy crystals on each level. Includes 3 bonus mini-games!
Ball Attack is an arkanoid / breakout style game that merges the best features of its classic ancestor with fresh ideas and new twists.
Play with Fun Ball on your desktop for FREE and access your toolbar menu with a right-click on the ball. Toss it all around, it bounces right back. Don't ever get bored again!
Jump with funny dragon in the lake to eat fruits, collect prizes, diamonds and avoid evil monsters. Monsters want to catch and eat him. They are fast and cruel. In order to live a long life try to be quick and smart.
© 2000-2015 Xentrik.Net


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To honor Halloween, I think we should scare someone in the dark. There are two great ways for doing this. The first is to play Murder in the Dark! This is an awesome game. Here are the rules:
Make enough slips of paper for 1 each. On one write "murderer", on another write "detective", and on all of the rest write "suspect". Put the slips of paper in a hat and draw. You can not reveal to anyone what you are. Someone counts to three and turns off the lights. (Be sure to play this in a room where no one will bump into any sharp things) and the game begins. Also fun is to play in a house or building with multiple rooms, but again: make sure no one will accidentally bump into fine china or your ancient sword collection. The murderer finds people and taps them on the shoulder. If you are tapped on the shoulder and are a suspect, simply fall to the ground, making a few dying noises. If you are tapped and you are the detective, you say "detective is dead". When the detective is killed, the lights go on. All dead suspects must pretend to be dead, and even the murderer himself can play dead. The detective then surveys the "bodies" and accuses who they think is the murderer. If they guess wrong, the murderer has won, but if they guess right, the detective has won. To make it easier for young detectives, people can call out "Murderer, murderer" when they are killed.
Variation (Hyperion's Family Rules): When the game starts, the detective is cloistered somewhere that he or she cannot hear what's going on. The rest of the people mill around the house, freaking out, until the murderer strikes. Then everyone gathers in the living room around the dead body and the detective comes out and does his/her best Sherlock Holmes impression, interrogating suspects. EVERYONE MUST TELL THE TRUTH BUT THE MURDERER, who can lie or tell the truth as it suits the purpose of evading detection. After the detective has asked the questions necessary, a guess is made and the murderer is revealed, and then you play again. This is a GREAT game to play at family gatherings, provided everyone is between 12 and 70.
I can't tell you how much fun it is to bump around in the dark, terrified that you're going to get killed. (And if there are eligible ladies in question, well, I always say to lead with your hands out at chest height, if you know what I mean!)
The next way to scare someone in the dark is to turn off all the lights and tell them a scary story. The one I have below comes from an English nursery rhyme, and it used to scare everyone to pieces as a kid. Even now it can be quite effective.
The problem: reading it, the story will seem silly and inane. YOU HAVE TO TRUST HYPERION HERE! What you do is: memorize the story, or the basic flow to it. (Once you read it a few times, it's not hard.) When you tell the story, you then have to follow these few rules:
- The lights have to be completely off. Setting the mood will help add suspense
- Tell the story very slowly and very softly. If people are straining to hear, they will be even more tense, and you set them up effectively.
- When you get to the bold parts (from the cupboard), read those lines even slower and more wailing, as if from the grave. I don't care if your audience is 9 or 39, this will be effective.
- Don't ignore all the teeny/tinys. They seem stupid reading them over down below, but when you tell the story, the repetition adds to the cadence and eventually suspense.
- Most importantly, when you get to the end, the words in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, you must shout that as loud as you can. In the dark, after the entire story told slowly and softly: trust me, they'll freak.
And without further ado, here is your story. Please leave a comment on whom you tried to scare, and how it went over.
ONCE upon a time there was a teeny-tiny woman who lived in a teeny-tiny house in a teeny-tiny village.
Now, one day this teeny-tiny woman put on her teeny-tiny bonnet, and went out of her teeny-tiny house to take a teeny-tiny walk. And when this teeny-tiny woman had gone a teeny-tiny way, she came to a teeny-tiny gate; so the teeny-tiny woman opened the teeny-tiny gate, and went into a teeny-tiny churchyard. And when this teeny-tiny woman had got into the teeny-tiny churchyard, she saw a teeny-tiny bone on a teeny-tiny grave, and the teeny-tiny woman said to her teeny-tiny self, 'This teeny-tiny bone will make me some teeny-tiny soup for my teeny-tiny supper.' So the teeny-tiny woman put the teeny-tiny bone into her teeny-tiny pocket, and went home to her teeny-tiny house.
Now, when the teeny-tiny woman got home to her teeny-tiny house, she was a teeny-tiny bit tired; so she went up her teeny-tiny stairs to her teeny-tiny bed, and put the teeny-tiny bone into a teeny-tiny cupboard. And when this teeny-tiny woman had been to sleep a teeny-tiny time, she was awakened by a teeny-tiny voice from the teeny-tiny cupboard, which said:
'Give me my bone!'
And this teeny-tiny woman was a teeny-tiny frightened, so she hid her teeny-tiny head under the teeny-tiny covers and went to sleep again. And when she had been to sleep again a teeny-tiny time, the teeny-tiny voice again cried out from the teeny-tiny cupboard a teeny-tiny louder,
'Give me my bone!'
This made the teeny-tiny woman a teeny-tiny more frightened, so she hid her teeny-tiny head a teeny-tiny further under the teeny-tiny covers. And when the teeny-tiny woman had been to sleep again a teeny-tiny time, the teeny-tiny voice from the teeny-tiny cupboard said again a teeny-tiny louder,
'Give me my bone!'
And this teeny-tiny woman was a teeny-tiny bit more frightened, but she put her teeny-tiny head out of the teeny tiny clothes, and said in her loudest teeny-tiny voice, 'TAKE IT!'


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Hey ladies,
Thought I would post this over here in the 2011 thread since y'all all have a baby (or babies) now.
Do you have a video monitor that you recommend? Or is a video monitor necessary? Maybe I just need a regular sound monitor?????
I would love your input. Six more weeks for me. We are getting so excited.


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Bipolar Disorder Support Group
Bipolar disorder is not just a single disorder, but a category of mood disorders marked by periods of abnormally high energy and euphoria, often accompanied by bouts of clinical depression. This is the place to talk about your experience with bipolar disorder, learn from others' experiences, and find support.
4 Online
been taking it for 3 weeks. should it have worked by now?
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Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN) — a member of the Senate's "dwindling band of deficit hawks," as the AP put it — had sought to limit the deficit increases of the GOP tax plan. But he signaled some flexibility in announcing the budget committee's potential tax cut deal on Tuesday. "I'm all for pro-growth tax reform but over a decade it needs to pay for itself per valid models," he said, according to the Associated Press.
Corker had said recently that he was willing to accept a budget framework that assumed that some lapsed or expiring tax breaks would be extended by Congress, lowering the official cost of tax cuts by some $250 billion. The so-called "dynamic" effects baked into the official scoring of the tax plan — projections of the economic boost from the policy changes — could add hundreds of billions more.
But those dynamic scoring models are the subject of debate and disagreement among economists — and those debates are bound to intensify as tax legislation winds its way through Congress. "Congress' impartial scorekeepers have accepted the premise of such "dynamic scoring," but past studies by the Joint Tax Committee and Congressional Budget Office have been more pessimistic about how much economic growth and tax revenues would follow tax cuts," AP's Andrew Taylor notes.
Corker, meanwhile, was one of eight senators who voted against the $700 billion defense policy bill on Monday. He explained his "no" vote by saying, "The inability to get our fiscal house in order is the greatest threat to our country, and I will continue fighting for an agreement that responsibly funds our military without adding to our massive deficits."


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The teen stowaway, whose 5 1/2-hour journey from San Jose, Calif. to Maui in the wheel well of a Hawaiian Airlines jet captured the world's attention, has left Hawaii, officials said.
A statement from Kayla Rosenfeld, a spokesperson for the Hawaii Department of Human Services late Friday night, said that the Santa Clara teen is "safe and no longer in Hawaii." Rosenfeld's statement said the department was no longer involved in the case.
Rosenfeld's statement did not specify when or with whom 15-year-old Yahya Abdi had left Hawaii.
Abdi scaled the fence at San Jose Airport on April 20, stowing away in a Boeing 767's wheel, surviving high altitudes, low oxygen and freezing temperatures. When he was found several hours later in Maui's main airport, he was hospitalized for breathing problems.
Yahya's father Abdilahi Yusuf arrived in Hawaii last week to meet his son. Sources told the San Jose Mercury News that Hawaii social service agency officials have denied the father Yusuf access to his son.
A social worker likely escorted the teenager back to the South Bay sometime Friday evening, according to sources. But officials are not commenting on where he might be.
According to media reports, Yahya was trying to go to Africa to see his mother, who lives in a refugee camp in Ethiopia. He had just transferred to Santa Clara High school where, according to his father, he was having academic troubles.
He had just transferred to Santa Clara High school where, according to his father, he was having academic troubles.


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Security: Your security is our priority. All on-line ordering information you submit will be transmitted via a secure server. A secure server uses a protective mechanism called SSL encryption (industry standard security through your browser). We use the Stronghold secure server, currently the second best selling secure server software, and in our opinion, technically the best product. It supports industry-standard 128-bit SSL encryption. When you enter your credit card number into the order form, it is transmitted across the Internet in an encrypted (scrambled) form, then decoded when it gets to us. Information regarding you and your order will be kept confidential and used only to process your order
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For safer transmissions, with any site, configure your browser security settings to: 1. Alert you when toggling between secure and insecure transmission modes. 2. Warn you about failed site authentication before your data is sent to a suspicious site. 3. Notify you when you transmit over an "e;open"e; or unsecured connection. You can also look for the following safety signs: Security icons such as a "e;closed lock"e; in Microsoft Internet Explorer or an "e;unbroken key"e; in Netscape Navigator.
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Map of Bungendore, NSW
Not the 'Bungendore' you were after? Try the other Bungendore (the regional area) in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory.
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100% Cotton. Handcrafted in Somerset, UK.Read More
In collaboration with L E J, we present this work shirt which takes its inspiration from the uniforms of artists and craftsmen, and their adoption of utility wear. Cut from a breezy cotton poplin, it has large single flap pocket on the chest, as well as an expressive pointed collar. Cut slightly looser for freedom of movement, it can be layered on top of a shirt or t-shirt, or simply worn as a standalone piece. It is an effortlessly stylish and pleasingly durable item.
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Join us this Saturday for our exciting burlesque dinner and show at 7 P.M. The Boom Boom Bombshells will provide a fun night of entertainment, through burlesque, comedy, cirque acts and more. You will also enjoy a four-course meal to your delight. Dinner, drinks, and a show, who could ask for more. This is perfect for date night, bachelorette/bachelor parties, birthdays, girls' night out, tourists and more visiting downtown St. Louis.
Back to All Events
Earlier Event: June 14THE BOOM BOOM REVUE FRIDAY LATE SHOW
Later Event: June 15THE BOOM BOOM ROOM REVUE SATURDAY LATE SHOW


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Find all the essential items you need to keep your business running as efficiently as possible.
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Stress less every day
Stress can be a good thing. Seriously. After all, it's what kick-starts our body's fight-or-flight response so we can swerve away from an oncoming Hummer. Trouble is, our bodies often get stuck in that heart-racing mode long after the Hummer (or deadline of the moment) has passed. And when stress stays, our body pays. "We tend to eat more and sleep less when we're anxious; our stress hormone levels also remain elevated," says Bruce McEwen, Ph.D., head of the neuroendocrinology lab at Rockefeller University in New York City. The result: Our bones and immune system may weaken, memory can dull and plaque is likelier to accumulate in the arteries. No wonder up to 90 percent of doctor visits are for stress-related ills.
That's where SELF comes in. If you're pretty much always keyed up, try our daily de-stressors. If Mondays do you in, give these once-a-week worry remedies a go. If paying the bills ruins your mojo, follow the monthly tips. Try them all, whenever and wherever you like, and get ready to live a more relaxed life.
Do it DAILY
Get your groove on. Music not only soothes the savage beast, it mollifies the slightly frazzled one as well. The Journal of Music Therapy reports that people who delivered impromptu speeches while listening to relaxing music—in this case, Pachelbel's Canon in D Major—showed no jump in heart rate, blood pressure or the stress hormone cortisol. In contrast, their counterparts who said their bit to the sound of silence turned into virtual stress monsters. Although researchers aren't sure why some tunes chill us out, it may be just a matter of time before doctors prescribe an iPod instead of Prozac.
Watch The Daily Show. Tuning in to Jon Stewart (or anyone who makes you smile) does a body good. Hearty laughter ramps up your immunoglobulins—the immune system's seek-and-destroy weapons—for 12 or more hours post-guffaw, notes Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. Not into late-night TV? Call your funniest friend. Simply knowing you're in for a chuckle boosts immunity.
Pick up the pace. Of all the things you can do to bring on calm, aerobic activity may be most effective, McEwen says. Besides bestowing heart benefits, workouts seem to counteract stress-related memory loss by speeding up production of new nerve cells in the hippocampus, the brain's memory-processing center. Exercise also increases blood flow to the prefrontal cortex, the decision-making area. "That's why your thoughts start to flow on the treadmill," McEwen says.
Play a word game. Don't let meditation's hippie-dippy reputation keep you from enjoying the rewards. Taking time to do absolutely nothing for a few minutes each day is soothing, and it also lowers blood pressure, reduces aches and pains and revs up the immune system. Try this: Sit still, clear your head and spend five minutes concentrating on a calming word such as float or relax and repeat it to yourself over and over. What are you waiting for? Stop right there and do nothing.
Ditch the morning rush hour. "Too often the alarm goes off, we jump out of bed and we never get the chance to slow down," says Darrin Zeer, author of Everyday Calm (Chronicle Books). Tomorrow, before you emerge from under the covers, take five deep breaths, squeeze your knees to your chest while lying on your back, then let them drop to each side to stretch your lower back. "This will help you start off on the right foot," Zeer says. Slowly roll out of bed and begin your day feeling more flexible.
End on a positive note. Venting to a friend is good for your emotional state, but now there's evidence that venting on paper is even better. According to the Journal of the American Medical Association, nearly half of a group of asthma and rheumatoid arthritis sufferers saw an improvement in their symptoms after writing down their thoughts about a stressful event in their life. As for the rest of us, Laurie Cunningham, author of Happiness in Half the Time (Writers Club Press), suggests ending vitriolic journal entries with a positive thought. ("Renovating my kitchen has sapped my soul, but if I can learn to use a power sander by myself, I can do anything.") "Happiness doesn't depend on what's going on in your life," Cunningham says. "It depends on how you cope with what's going on in your life."
Count to eight. You probably think you already know how to breathe, but even so, your respiration could likely use a brushup. When we feel anxious, we may take shallower breaths or too-deep gulps of air. To regain your equilibrium, exhale fully and place your tongue on the roof of your mouth, behind your front teeth. Next, inhale through your nose for a count of four. Hold your breath for seven counts if you can and exhale with a whooshing sound through your mouth for eight counts. Repeat for two minutes. The result? More O2 and, as Victoria Maizes, M.D., executive director of the integrative medicine program at the University of Arizona in Tucson, points out, "It's tough to tick through a mental to do list when you're counting."
Do a self exam. Spend some time every day checking yourself out—and not in the hubba-hubba way. Ask: What's going on in my body? What am I thinking and feeling right now? No matter how hokey the exercise seems, giving yourself an emotional once-over on a regular basis can improve your mood and health. In fact, in a study of 62 stressed-out volunteers at West Virginia University in Morgantown, people who used meditation techniques to recognize when they were most relaxed—and when they weren't—cut their anxiety levels by more than half. They also saw a 46 percent drop in run-of-the-mill stress-related medical symptoms. Our advice: Once you're able to identify the relaxed you, hold on to her as long as you can.
Dine by candlelight. You'll look movie-star gorgeous surrounded by flickering candles, and the dim setting actually signals your brain to dispatch melatonin, the good-for-you sleep hormone. That's a good thing, because a better night's rest doesn't only make you feel better, it also shores up the immune system. Plus, the more zzz's you get, the easier time you'll have keeping a smile on your face no matter what the day brings. So stop feeling guilty about last night's $50 dinner at that fancy-schmancy new Italian restaurant.
Do it WEEKLY
Go to your quiet place. John Lennon was on to something when he asked us to "imagine all the people living life in peace." Numerous studies have shown that visualization (aka guided imagery) can help manage pain and depression as well as stress. Moreover, this mind/body technique has been proven so effective that the insurer Blue Shield of California now sends patients guided-imagery tapes and CDs before surgery because of visualization's ability to speed the healing process. But don't wait until you're about to be cut open to try it. Log on and find how-to CDs at SerenitySupply.com. Otherwise, picture yourself relaxed and healthy in your favorite place. With a pi?a colada in hand. Soon you'll feel as if you've actually been away.
Bite your nails all at once. Listen up, worrywarts: "You're essentially creating lots of little stresses in your mind all the time," says Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology at the University of Kentucky in Lexington. Her solution: Anytime you start to fret, jot the thought down in a notebook and set it aside. Then block out half an hour at the end of every day to address your concerns. Saving up your angst this way has been shown to reduce the total time spent worrying—which may very well benefit your health. Write on!
Make like Gumby. Ever wonder why yogis seem so mellow when they leave class? According to Roger Cole, Ph.D., a psychologist in Del Mar, California, engaging in some serious Downward Dogging can slow respiration and cause a dip in the stress hormones that elevate blood pressure. Plus, people who practice yoga regularly seem to be less prone to insomnia, notes Cyndi Lee, author of OM Yoga Today (Chronicle Books). Who says pajamas can't double as workout gear?
Do it MONTHLY
Drum up relaxation. Perhaps you've seen—or maybe heard—those wacky folks in the park who sit in a circle and beat drums. Surprise: It's the music making, not the marijuana, that brings on the happy buzz. Group drumming has been shown to lessen the impact of stress, improve mood and increase the activity of white blood cells, the body's natural cancer fighters. Not into percussion? Joining any recreational music group, regardless of the instrument or players' abilities, has a positive effect on health. Yes, there is a right time to sing "Kumbaya."
Join the club. An ultimate-Frisbee league, a church or synagogue—they're more than just good places to meet and mingle. Belonging to a club, attending services and volunteering have all been shown to make as big a difference to your health as getting enough exercise or quitting smoking, according to Joseph Grzywacz, Ph.D., assistant professor in the department of family and community medicine at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. (But remember not to overdo the doing good. Stretching yourself too thin can be detrimental.) "Being connected to others and contributing to society is beneficial for your health," Grzywacz says. Plus, you'll likely meet lots of interesting people—and who couldn't use more of those in her life?
Be touchy-feely. Go straight to the spa. Do not pass go, but do collect $200, because once you experience the bliss of massage, you'll need more moola to get another. And another. And so you should, says Tiffany Field, Ph.D., director of the Touch Research Institute at the University of Miami School of Medicine. Massage combats pain, Field says, by triggering the release of serotonin, a brain chemical thought to influence mood. It also slows the release of cortisol, a stress hormone. Field recommends regular professional rubdowns. In the meantime, stand with your back to a wall with a tennis ball nestled in the small of your back. Bend your knees slightly and straighten for a do-it-yourself quickie.
Ditch the Windex. When men come home from work, their blood pressure usually drops. Not so for women. According to research published in Psychosomatic Medicine, university-educated women who return home to two or more kids or to loads of housework at the end of the day have a diastolic blood pressure about three points higher than those who arrive to fewer children or minimal chores. If you don't think three points sounds like a lot, chew on this: A five-point drop in blood pressure decreases the risk for stroke by 34 percent and heart disease by 21 percent. So don't be cheap; hire a cleaning lady. It's less expensive than sending the kids off to boarding school.
Do it in your LIFETIME
Become happily hitched. The key word is happily. Harmonious unions can make for lower blood pressure, while rocky marriages may put you at a greater risk for high blood pressure, shows a study at the University of Toronto. Of course, having a mate who leaves his socks on the floor can be stressful, but if the guy also makes you smile, it's worth it.
Adopt a pet. The truth about cats and dogs is that they can keep you calm. That's what researchers found when they paired furry animals with keyed-up stockbrokers and then asked the brokers to give a speech and do math problems. People given pets not only performed better, but their blood pressure and heart rate also stayed lower than those of their animal-free counterparts. Moreover, pet owners claim that their four-legged companions make them "better able to see what is really important in life," says study author Karen Allen, Ph.D., professor of psychology at the University at Buffalo in New York. A note for all those wondering: Sea monkeys don't count as pets.
Light up at your desk. No ashtray required. Simply plunk down a lamp with an incandescent bulb, especially if your office or cubicle is illuminated with those ungodly fluorescent lights. "The two kinds of bulbs work together to more closely mimic outside light," says George Brainard, Ph.D., professor of neurology at the Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia. Good ol' sunshine (or the perception of it) is what regulates the body's biorhythms. Not getting enough of it can throw your hormones out of whack, suppressing the immune system and increasing the probability of mood swings, depression and sluggishness. And you thought it was your boss!
Call U-Haul. You've heard your real estate broker extol the benefits of just the right location. Now it's your doctor's turn. The Annals of Behavioral Medicine reveals that neighborhood problems such as noise pollution, litter and foul smells contribute to chronic stress. The cure: moving to a more pleasant locale. Where to? See SELF's list of America's healthiest cities for women and find ideas on how to make your hometown happier.
Photo Credit: David Tsay


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Greetings from New York City where right now am in the Chelsea District on 25th Street down the block from where the production crew trucks from Law & Order are setting up for a shoot that will run through tonight. As I walked by the shoot, I half-expected to hear that L&O signature doom doom sound effect emit from the set. According to one tech guy I talked to briefly, the television show's film crew are "hoping it won't rain again." That's a valid concern since, over the past week here in NYC, we've been enduring a series of thunderstorms (plus humidity). In fact, the heavy rainstorms over the Memorial Day weekend disrupted a lot of planned outdoor events, which was a bummer for New Yorkers and visitors, including the 1500 sailors in town for Fleet Week. But weather forecasters predict good weather to arrive with June, just round the corner.
Otherwise, things are pretty good in NYC: a recently released report says that NYPD's stop and frisk incidents under the new mayor are down a whopping 89%. This is good, but from what I've seen round town, random stops of cyclists seems to be on the increase. Alex Baldwin's recent national news-grabbing arrest for riding his bike the wrong way on a one-way street was just one of many citations and arrests made by busy NYPD on cyclists in the past month. Meanwhile CitiBike - the Manhattan bicyle sharing program that boasts 6,000 blue bikes at 330 docking stations from 59th Street all the way downtown - just celebrated its one year anniversary yesterday and, despite a few problems that are all being worked on including budgetary ones and keeping up with demand, is doing real well.


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The FNR Human-Environment Modeling and Analysis (HEMA) Laboratory located in Forestry 204-206 is devoted to the study of the causes and consequences of land use/cover change. Grounded in the theoretical framework of complex socio-ecological systems, research in the HEMA lab employs advanced technologies and methodologies from a wide array of disciplines. Research focuses on the development of spatially explicit models that can be used to forecast and backcast land use/cover change in many regions of the world. Another interest of the lab is the development of acoustic sensors and sensor networks that can be used to understand the impacts that humans have on animal behavior and species richness.
The HEMA lab is composed of (a) two large computational labs, (b) a high tech conference room and (c) a computer room with a High Performance Compute Cluster (HPCC). The computational lab houses student workspaces each containing a high-end workstation with dual flat panel monitors. The HPCC is composed of nine low (2GB) computational nodes and one high (8GB RAM) node. Two Dell PowerVault 221S SCSI raid disk storage systems (with 5.2 TB of storage) serves as the centralize storage facility for the lab. A Dell PowerVault Autoloader Tape Backup Library (LTO-2) that stores and retrieves up to twenty-four 432 GB tapes (for a total of 9.1 TB) is used for long-term backup. The ten dual Xeon (3.8 GHz) rack mounted workstations are used to support modeling and analysis and twenty-four 1 Gb/s CAT6 network lines provide high speed data transfer. A VPN server and Linux firewall secure the laboratory. The conference room has a PolyVision electronic white board, a conference table for meetings accommodating up to eight people. Also available is a Polycom VSX 5000 videoconferencing unit and a 30in Dell LCD panel. Software in the lab includes: ArcGIS 9.2 and all ESRI extensions including Spatial Analyst and Statistical Analyst, Erdas IMAGINE 8.X, ENVI and IDL, IDRISI (Andes Version), SAS 9.1, SPSS 14.0, MathCAD, Netica (Bayesian Software), Oracle, 3DMiner, S-Plus, R, Microsoft Visual Studio Professional and SNSS.
Acoustic equipment includes Larson Davis 824 microphones, custom portable data loggers capable of remote, wireless communication that are connected to a variety of environmental sensors (e.g., air and soil temperature, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation).
Forestry and Natural Resources, 715 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2061 USA, (765) 494-3590
© | An equal access/equal opportunity university | Integrity Statement | Copyright Complaints | Maintained by Agricultural Communication
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It's always a good time for real estate in Listingid Test!
Just-lookers, market researchers,and serious home shoppers alike will have a great time getting to know Listingid Test's properties through our site, and we are always here to answer any questions you have!
Whether it's a buyer or seller's market, our team at PB&J knows Listingid Test like no one else. We pride ourselves on that and we're excited to share our expertise with you.
Type anything you want here and we will see what we can find in the property descriptions. Maybe a name of a golf course you want to live by or a term like fixer upper.


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Beyonce and Jay-Z's trip to Cuba for their fifth wedding anniversary has a trio of GOP lawmakers asking questions of the White House.
Reuters reported that the pop music power couple had traveled to Cuba on a "cultural exchange" license from the Treasury — the only way Americans can legally travel there, in light of a 51-year-old trade embargo between the two countries.
During Monday's White House briefing, a spokesman declined to address the questions about the couple's trip, however. "That's not a White House matter, that's a Treasury matter, and I would refer you to Treasury," White House Press Secretary Jay Carney said.
Sources in Cuba told NBC News, however, that during their four-day visit, the two stars had met with a number of Cuban artists and music producers and had visited a fine arts college, children's theater company and modern dance company there.
After photos of Beyonce and Jay-Z in Havana first surfaced, showing them posing with locals and Jay-Z holding a cigar, Sen. Marco Rubio and two Florida congressmen began questioning whether the pair were educating themselves.
"According to recent news reports, Jay-Z and Beyonce's Cuba trip, which the regime seized on for propaganda purposes, was fully licensed by the Treasury Department. If true, the Obama administration should explain exactly how trips like these comply with U.S. law and regulations governing travel to Cuba," Rubio's office said in a statement Monday.
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen and Mario Diaz-Balart, who both represent large Cuban-American populations within their Florida districts, had earlier sent a letter to the Treasury, requesting information on the license the couple received to make the trip and who approved it.
"Cuba's tourism industry is wholly state-controlled; therefore, U.S. dollars spent on Cuban tourism directly fund the machinery of oppression that brutally represses the Cuban people," Ros-Lehtinen and Diaz-Balart said in the letter.
"Despite the clear prohibition against tourism in Cuba, numerous press reports described the couple's trip as tourism, and the Castro regime touted it as such in its propaganda."
If the couple did not have a license to take the trip, they could face a fine. A spokeswoman at the U.S. Interests Section in Havana told the UK Independent that she did not know if one had been obtained.


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A variant of fold that allows the specification of the algebra in a convenient way, and that fixes the result type to a constant.
The type family of convenient algebras.
type Algebra phi r = forall ix. phi ix -> Alg (PF phi) rSource
The algebras passed to the fold have to work for all index types in the family. The additional witness argument is required only to make GHC's typechecker happy.
The class to turn convenient algebras into standard algebras.
The class fold explains how to convert a convenient algebra
Alg back into a function from functor to result, as required
by the standard fold function.
fold :: forall phi ix r. (Fam phi, HFunctor phi (PF phi), Fold (PF phi)) => Algebra phi r -> phi ix -> ix -> rSource
Fold with convenient algebras.


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Do Men Need Beauty Regimens?
How an average guy who'd never even moisturized undertook a foolhardy, four-month, 13-product quest for (relative) perfection.
LAST NOVEMBER, my female co-workers at The Wall Street Journal discovered that the sole product I used on my face was soap. Their reaction to this mundane revelation wasn't all that nice. They began calling me "the man who doesn't moisturize." As in, "Would you ask the man who doesn't moisturize if I can borrow his stapler?"
One of our style editors took pity. "You've never moisturized?" she asked gently. "I don't remember," I admitted. Judging by her expression, she graciously decided...


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Jays still looking for starting shortstop
Despite re-signing veteran shortstop John McDonald to a two-year contract on Wednesday, the Blue Jays are still actively searching for a starter at the position. Jays GM Alex Anthopoulos said McDonald's role is "undefined" heading into the season.
Toronto has a free agent in shortstop Marco Scutaro, but Anthopoulos noted that talks with him have "stalled more than anything." If the Jays do retain Scutaro, it would likely have to be with a one-year deal, according to the GM. That one-year deal likely means the Jays are only going to offer Scutaro arbitration.
Since Scutaro is a Type A free agent, the Blue Jays would receive two compensatory picks in the 2010 First-Year Player Draft if the shortstop declines the one-year arbitration offer and signs with a new team. Gaining Draft picks is tempting for a Toronto club that is in transition and looking to strengthen its farm system.
Anthopoulos added that he is still searching for a long-term solution at short, but the 2010 starter at the position will likely be via a short-term signing through free agency. Two options would be Miguel Tejada and Orlando Cabrera, who are both Type A free agents. Cabrera could fill the leadoff role vacated by Scutaro as well.
2 Comments
No doubt somebody is going love today's signings, but they basically leave us where we were — good defensively at shortstop at worst — at best, Gonzales cat hit 30 pts higher for average than his counterpart, JM. Hopefully, we can obtain a long-term solution to SS by trading DOC; that said, I am reading in different articles that teams are reluctant to offer blue-chip prospects. Teams agree that he is worth the prospects, but apparently feel that the Jays must trade him (or let him walk for 2 picks), so the Jays are dealing from a position of weakness. In general, I see the sense in this argument. However, if you have multiple teams that are serious, this should not be a problem for Antho to overcome. As long as he keeps his hand close to the vest, one team will likely panic and part with the prospects. I just hope that it happens sooner than later. The longer this drags out, the weaker the Jays' hand is. Also, I would NOT require MLB pitching in return. For example, if the deal is with Boston — forget about Bucholz but demand Casey and a couple more prime picks from AA. What we must get for Roy is a potential star player. We do not want to get fleeced as the twins did with Santana. We need at least one true blue-chip prospect coming back, that we can control for the next 5 years.
Hopefully, Scuturo gets the message and signs elsewhere. Those picks look good.


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Partridge in a Pear Tree Salt & Pepper Shakers
Earn $25 back in rewards* for every $250 spent with your Pottery Barn Credit Card.Learn More
- Overview
Our carol-inspired salt and pepper set makes the holiday table special, and makes a perfect hostess gift. The partridge and pear are made of stoneware with a rustic white glaze, and are held by a cast iron tree.
- Shakers made of glazed stoneware; rubber stoppers.
- Tree made of cast aluminum with a bronze finish.
- Dimensions & Care
- Overall: 4.5" wide x 2.5" deep x 5" high
- Partridge: 3" long x 2" high; 2 ounce capacity
- Pear: 2" long x 3" high; 2 ounce capacity
- Hand-washing recommended.
- Shipping & Returns
UPS can deliver most in-stock items within 3-5 business days.
Next Day Delivery and Processing
We can arrange for next day delivery to most destinations within the contiguous 48 states, for an extra charge of $26.00 per address. If we receive your order by 6pm PT Monday through Friday, you'll receive your order the next business day; orders placed on Friday after 6pm PT through Sunday will arrive on Tuesday. Note: Next Day Delivery service is not available for some oversized items, White Glove Delivery, out of stock items, personalized items or for items shipped directly from the manufacturer.
View the complete Shipping and Delivery Information page.
You can return eligible item(s) within 30 days of receiving an order or 7 days for Quick Ship upholstery items for a refund of the merchandise value. An original receipt or gift receipt is required. Monogrammed items and Made to Order furniture or rugs are not eligible for returns. Review the full list of ineligible items and our refund policy below before starting the process.
Easy Ways to Return:
- Stores - You can return most non-furniture items to your local Pottery Barn store for free.
- Bring to UPS Location (under 70 lbs) – See our full Easy Returns Policy to start the process.
Ineligible Items
Items non-eligible for returns or exchanges:
- Monogrammed items
- Mattresses
- Gift cards
- Made to Order items, including custom rugs and furniture
- Final sale items (with prices ending in $.X7 or $.X9)
- Items damaged through normal wear and tear
Questions? See our full Easy Returns Policy.