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This part contains troubleshooting and reference information.
This chapter contains a list of specific error messages and general problems you might encounter when installing Solaris 10 10/08 software. The chapter also explains how to fix the problems. Start by using this list of sections to determine where in the installation process the problem occurred.
When you see the phrase "bootable media," this means the Solaris installation program and JumpStart installation method.
Unknown client "host_name"Cause:
The host_name argument in the add_install_client command is not a host in the naming service.Solution:
Add the host host_name to the naming service and execute the add_install_client command again.
Error: <system name> does not exist in the NIS ethers map
Add it, and rerun the add_install_client commandDescription:
When you run the add_install_client command, the command fails with the above error.Cause:
The client you are adding to the install server does not exist in the server's /etc/ethers file.Solution:
Add the needed information to the /etc/ethers file on the install server and run the add_install_client command again.
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
On the client, find the ethers address.
# ifconfig -a grep ethers ether 8:0:20:b3:39:1d
On the install server, open the /etc/ethers file in an editor. Add the address to the list.
On the client, run add_install_client again as in this example.
# ./add_install_client bluegill sun4u
le0: No carrier - transceiver cable problemCause:
The system is not connected to the network.Solution:
If this is a nonnetworked system, ignore this message. If this is a networked system, ensure that the Ethernet cabling is attached securely.
The file just loaded does not appear to be executableCause:
The system cannot find the proper media for booting.Solution:
Verify that the system has been set up properly to install the Solaris 10 10/08 software from the network from an install server. The following are examples of checks you can make.
If you copied the images of the Solaris Operating System DVD or the Solaris Software CDs to the install server, ensure that you specified the correct platform group for the system when you set it up.
If you are using DVD or CD media, ensure that the Solaris Operating System DVD or Solaris Software - 1 CD is mounted and accessible on the install server.
boot: cannot open <filename> (SPARC based systems only)Cause:
This error occurs when you override the location of the boot -file by explicitly setting it.
filename is a variable for the name of the file affected.
Follow these instructions:
Reset the boot -file in the PROM to " " (blank).
Ensure that the diag-switch is set to off and to true.
Can't boot from file/deviceCause:
The installation media cannot find the bootable media.Solution:
Ensure that the following conditions are met:
The DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive is installed properly and turned on.
Solaris Operating System DVD or the Solaris Software - 1 CD is inserted into the drive.
The disc is free of damage or dirt.
WARNING: clock gained xxx days -- CHECK AND RESET DATE! (SPARC based systems only)Description:
This is an informational message.Solution:
Ignore the message and continue with the installation.
Not a UFS file system (x86 based systems only)Cause:
When Solaris 10 10/08 software was installed (either through the Solaris installation program or custom JumpStart), no boot disk was selected. You now must edit the BIOS to boot the system.Solution:
Select the BIOS to boot. See your BIOS documentation for instructions.
The system does not boot.Description:
When initially setting up a custom JumpStart server, you might encounter boot problems that do not return an error message. To verify information about the system and how the system is booting, run the boot command with the -v option. When you use the -v option, the boot command displays verbose debugging information about the screen.
If this flag is not given, the messages are still printed, but the output is directed to the system log file. For more information, see syslogd(1M).
For SPARC based systems, at the ok prompt, type the following command.
ok boot net -v - install
Boot from DVD media fails on systems with Toshiba SD-M 1401 DVD-ROMDescription:
If your system has a Toshiba SD-M1401 DVD-ROM with firmware revision 1007, the system cannot boot from the Solaris Operating System DVD.Solution:
Apply patch 111649–03, or later version, to update the Toshiba SD-M1401 DVD-ROM drive's firmware. The patch 111649–03 is available at sunsolve.sun.com.
The system hangs or panics when nonmemory PC cards are inserted. (x86 based systems only)Cause:
Nonmemory PC cards cannot use the same memory resources that are used by other devices.Solution:
To correct this problem, see the instructions for your PC card and check for the address range.
The system hangs before displaying the system prompt. (x86 based systems only)Solution:
You have hardware that is not supported. Check your hardware manufacturer's documentation.
WARNING: getfile: RPC failed: error 5 (RPC Timed out).Description:
This error occurs when you have two or more servers on a network responding to an install client's boot request. The install client connects to the wrong boot server, and the installation hangs. The following specific reasons might cause this error to occur:Cause:
Reason 1:/etc/bootparams files might exist on different servers with an entry for this install client.Solution:
Reason 1: Ensure that servers on the network do not have multiple /etc/bootparams entries for the install client. If they do have multiple entries, remove duplicate client entries in the /etc/bootparams file on all install servers and boot servers except the one you want the install client to use.Cause:
Reason 2: Multiple /tftpboot or /rplboot directory entries might exist for this install client.Solution:
Reason 2: Ensure that servers on the network do not have multiple /tftpboot or /rplboot directory entries for the install client. If they do have multiple entries, remove duplicate client entries from the /tftpboot or /rplboot directories on all install servers and boot servers except the one you want the install client to use.Cause:
Reason 3: An install client entry might exist in the /etc/bootparams file on a server and an entry in another /etc/bootparams file that enables all systems to access the profile server. Such an entry resembles the following:
* install_config=profile_server:path
A line that resembles the previous entry in the NIS or NIS+ bootparams table can also cause this error.Solution:
Reason 3: If a wildcard entry is in the naming service bootparams map or table (for example, * install_config=), delete it and add it to the /etc/bootparams file on the boot server.
No network boot server. Unable to install the system. See installation instructions. (SPARC based systems only)Cause:
This error occurs on a system that you are attempting to install from the network. The system is not set up correctly.Solution:
Ensure that you correctly set up the system to install from the network. See Adding Systems to Be Installed From the Network With a CD Image in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
prom_panic: Could not mount file system (SPARC based systems only)Cause:
This error occurs when you are installing Solaris from a network, but the boot software cannot locate the following:
Solaris Operating System DVD, either the DVD or a copy of the DVD image on the install server
Solaris Software - 1 CD image, either the Solaris Software - 1 CD or a copy of the CD image on the install server
Ensure that the installation software is mounted and shared.
If you are installing Solaris from the install server's DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive, ensure that the Solaris Operating System DVD or Solaris Software - 1 CD is inserted in the CD-ROM drive, is mounted, and is shared in the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
If installing from a copy of the Solaris Operating System DVD image or Solaris Software - 1 CD image on the install server's disk, ensure that the directory path to the copy is shared in the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
Timeout waiting for ARP/RARP packet...(SPARC based systems only)Cause:
Reason 1: The client is trying to boot from the network, but it cannot find a system that knows about the client.Solution:
Reason 1: Verify the system's host name is in the NIS or NIS+ naming service. Also, verify the bootparams search order in the boot server's /etc/nsswitch.conf file.
For example, the following line in the /etc/nsswitch.conf file indicates that JumpStart or the Solaris installation program first looks in the NIS maps for bootparams information. If the program does not find any information, the installer looks in the boot server's /etc/bootparams file.
bootparams: nis filesCause:
Reason 2: The client's Ethernet address is not correct.Solution:
Reason 2: Verify that the client's Ethernet address in the install server's /etc/ethers file is correct.Cause:
Reason 3: In a custom JumpStart installation, the add_install_client command specifies the platform group that uses a specified server as an install server. If the wrong architecture value is used when using the add_install_client, this problem occurs. For example, the machine you want to install is a sun4u, but you used i86pc instead.Solution:
Reason 3: Rerun add_install_client with the correct architecture value.
ip: joining multicasts failed on tr0 - will use link layer broadcasts for multicast (x86 based systems only)Cause:
This error message is displayed when you boot a system with a token ring card. Ethernet multicast and token ring multicast do not work the same way. The driver returns this error message because an invalid multicast address was provided to it.Solution:
Ignore this error message. If multicast does not work, IP uses layer broadcasts instead and does not cause the installation to fail.
Requesting Internet address for Ethernet_Address (x86 based systems only)Cause:
The client is trying to boot from the network, but it cannot find a system that knows about the client.Solution:
Verify the system's host name is listed in the naming service. If the system's host name is listed in the NIS or NIS+ naming service, and the system continues to print this error message, try rebooting.
RPC: Timed out No bootparams (whoami) server responding; still trying... (x86 based systems only)Cause:
The client is trying to boot from the network, but it cannot find a system with an entry in the /etc/bootparams file on the install server.Solution:
Use add_install_client on the install server. Using this command adds the proper entry in the /etc/bootparams file, enabling the client to boot from the network.
Still trying to find a RPL server... (x86 based systems only)Cause:
The system is trying to boot from the network, but the server is not set up to boot this system.Solution:
On the install server, execute add_install_client for the system to be installed. The add_install_client command sets up an /rplboot directory, which contains the necessary network boot program.
CLIENT MAC ADDR: FF FF FF FF FF FF (network installations with DHCP only)Cause:
The DHCP server is not configured correctly. This error might occur if the options or macros are not correctly defined in the DHCP Manager software.Solution:
In the DHCP Manager software, verify that the options and macros are correctly defined. Confirm that the Router option is defined, and that the value of the Router option is correct for the subnet you are using for the network installation.
The system boots from the network, but from a system other than the specified install server.Cause:
An /etc/bootparams and perhaps an /etc/ethers entry exist on another system for the client.Solution:
On the name server, update the /etc/bootparams entry for the system that is being installed. The entry should conform to the following syntax:
install_system root=boot_server:path install=install_server:path
Also, ensure that only one bootparams entry is on the subnet for the install client.
The system does not boot from the network (network installations with DHCP only).Cause:
The DHCP server is not configured correctly. This error might occur if the system is not configured as an installation client on the DHCP server.Solution:
In the DHCP manager software, verify that installation options and macros are defined for the client system. For more information, see Preconfiguring System Configuration Information With the DHCP Service (Tasks) in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
Initial installation failsSolution:
If the Solaris installation fails, you must restart the installation. To restart the installation, boot the system from the Solaris Operating System DVD, the Solaris Software - 1 CD, or from the network.
You cannot uninstall the Solaris software after the software has been partially installed. You must restore your system from a backup or begin the Solaris installation process again.
/cdrom/cdrom0/SUNWxxxx/reloc.cpio: Broken pipeDescription:
This error message is informational and does not affect the installation. The condition occurs when a write on a pipe does not have a reading process.Solution:
Ignore the message and continue with the installation.
WARNING: CHANGE DEFAULT BOOT DEVICE (x86 based systems only)Cause:
This is an informational message. The default boot device set in the system's BIOS might be set to a device that requires you to use the Solaris Device Configuration Assistant to boot the system.Solution:
Continue with the installation and, if necessary, change the system's default boot device specified in the BIOS after you install the Solaris software to a device that does not require the Solaris Device Configuration Assistant.
If you are using the locale keyword to test a custom JumpStart profile for an initial installation, the pfinstall -D command fails to test the profile. For a workaround, see the error message "could not select locale," in the section, Upgrading the Solaris OS.
IDE disk drives do not automatically map out bad blocks like other drives supported by Solaris software. Before installing Solaris on an IDE disk, you might want to perform a surface analysis on the disk. To perform surface analysis on an IDE disk, follow this procedure.
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
Boot to the installation media.
When you are prompted to select an installation type, select option 6, Single user shell.
Start the format(1M) program.
# format
Specify the IDE disk drive on which you want to perform a surface analysis.
# cxdy
Is the controller number
Is the device number
Determine if you have an fdisk partition.
If a Solaris fdisk partition already exists, proceed to Step 7.
If a Solaris fdisk partition does not exist, use the fdisk command to create a Solaris partition on the disk.
format> fdisk
To begin the surface analysis, type:
format> analyze
Determine the current settings, type:
analyze> config
(Optional) To change settings, type:
analyze> setup
To find bad blocks, type:
analyze> type_of_surface_analysis
Is read, write, or compare
If format finds bad blocks, it remaps them.
To exit the analysis, type:
analyze> quit
Determine if you want to specify blocks to remap.
If no, go to Step 13.
If yes, type:
format> repair
To exit the format program, type:
Restart the media in multiuser mode by typing the following command.
# exit
No upgradable disksCause:
A swap entry in the /etc/vfstab file is causing the upgrade to fail.Solution:
Comment out the following lines in the /etc/vfstab file:
All swap files and slices on disks not being upgraded
Swap files that are no longer present
Any unused swap slices
usr/bin/bzcat not foundCause:
Solaris Live Upgrade fails because of needing a patch cluster.Solution:
A patch is needed to install Solaris Live Upgrade. Ensure that you have the most recently updated patch list by consulting http://sunsolve.sun.com. Search for the info doc 72099 on the SunSolve web site.
Upgradeable Solaris root devices were found, however, no suitable partitions to hold the Solaris install software were found. Upgrading using the Solaris Installer is not possible. It might be possible to upgrade using the Solaris Software 1 CDROM. (x86 based systems only)Cause:
You cannot upgrade with the Solaris Software - 1 CD because you do not have enough space.Solution:
To upgrade, you can either create a swap slice that is larger than or equal to 512 Mbytes or use another method of upgrading such as the Solaris installation program from Solaris Operating System DVD, a net installation image, or JumpStart.
ERROR: Could not select locale (x86 based systems only)Cause:
When you test your JumpStart profile by using the pfinstall -D command, the dry run test fails under the following conditions:
The profile contains the locale keyword.
You're testing a release that contains GRUB software. Starting with the Solaris 10 1/06 release, the GRUB boot loader facilitates booting different operating systems installed on your system with the GRUB menu.
With the introduction of GRUB software, the miniroot is compressed. The software can no longer find the list of locales from the compressed miniroot. The miniroot is the smallest possible Solaris root (/) file system and is found on the Solaris installation media.Solution:
Perform the following steps. Use the following values.
MEDIA_DIR is /cdrom/cdrom0/
MINIROOT_DIR is $MEDIA_DIR/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot
MINIROOT_ARCHIVE is $MEDIA_DIR/boot/x86.miniroot
TEMP_FILE_NAME is /tmp/test
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
Uncompress the miniroot archive.
# /usr/bin/gzcat $MINIROOT_ARCHIVE > $TEMP_FILE_NAME
Create the miniroot device by using the lofiadm command.
# LOFI_DEVICE=/usr/sbin/lofiadm -a $TEMP_FILE_NAME # echo $LOFI_DEVICE /dev/lofi/1
Mount the miniroot with the lofi command under the Miniroot directory.
# /usr/sbin/mount -F ufs $LOFI_DEVICE $MINIROOT_DIR
Test the profile.
# /usr/sbin/install.d/pfinstall -D -c $MEDIA_DIR $path-to-jumpstart_profile
After the testing is completed, unmount the lofi device.
# umount $LOFI_DEVICE
Delete the lofi device.
# lofiadm -d $TEMP_FILE_NAME
The upgrade option is not presented even though there is a version of Solaris software that's upgradable on the system.Cause:
Reason 1: The /var/sadm directory is a symlink or it is mounted from another file system.Solution:
Reason 1: Move the /var/sadm directory into the root (/) or /var file system.Cause:
Reason 2: The /var/sadm/softinfo/INST_RELEASE file is missing.Solution:
Reason 2: Create a new INST_RELEASE file by using the following template:
OS=Solaris VERSION=x REV=0
Is the version of Solaris software on the system
Reason 3: SUNWusr is missing from /var/sadm/softinfo.Solution:
Solution 3: You need to do an initial installation. The Solaris software is not upgradable.
Couldn't shut down or initialize the md driverSolution:
Follow these instructions:
If the file system is not a RAID-1 volume, comment out in the vsftab file.
If the file system is a RAID-1 volume, break the mirror and reinstall. For information about unmirroring, see Removing RAID-1 Volumes (Unmirroring) in Solaris Volume Manager Administration Guide.
The upgrade fails because the Solaris installation program cannot mount a file system.Cause:
During an upgrade, the script attempts to mount all the file systems that are listed in the system's /etc/vfstab file on the root (/) file system that is being upgraded. If the installation script cannot mount a file system, it fails and exits.Solution:
Ensure that all file systems in the system's /etc/vfstab file can be mounted. Comment out any file systems in the /etc/vfstab file that cannot be mounted or that might cause the problem so that the Solaris installation program does not try to mount them during the upgrade. Any system-based file systems that contain software to be upgraded (for example, /usr) cannot be commented out.
The upgrade failsDescription:
The system does not have enough space for the upgrade.Cause:
Check Upgrading With Disk Space Reallocation in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Planning for Installation and Upgrade for the space problem and see if you can fix it without using auto-layout to reallocate space.
Problems upgrading RAID–1 volume root (/) file systemsSolution:
If you have problems upgrading when using Solaris Volume Manager RAID-1 volumes that are the root (/) file system, see Chapter 25, Troubleshooting Solaris Volume Manager (Tasks), in Solaris Volume Manager Administration Guide.
The upgrade fails and the system cannot be soft-booted. The failure is for reasons beyond your control, such as a power failure or a network connection failure.
Reboot the system from the Solaris Operating System DVD, the Solaris Software - 1 CD, or from the network.
Choose the upgrade option for installation.
The Solaris installation program determines if the system has been partially upgraded and continues the upgrade.
The following errors can occur when you use Solaris Live Upgrade and the GRUB boot loader on an x86 based system.
ERROR: The media product tools installation directory path-to-installation-directory does not exist.
ERROR: The media dirctory does not contain an operating system upgrade image.Description:
The error messages are seen when using the luupgrade command to upgrade a new boot environment.Cause:
An older version of Solaris Live Upgrade is being used. The Solaris Live Upgrade packages you have installed on your system are incompatible with the media and the release on that media.Solution:
Always use the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.Example:
In the following example, the error message indicates that the Solaris Live Upgrade packages on the system are not the same version as on the media.
# luupgrade -u -n s10u1 -s /mnt Validating the contents of the media </mnt>. The media is a standard Solaris media. ERROR: The media product tools installation directory </mnt/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot/usr/sbin/install.d/install_config> does not exist. ERROR: The media </mnt> does not contain an operating system upgrade image.
ERROR: Cannot find or is not executable: </sbin/biosdev>.
ERROR: One or more patches required by Solaris Live Upgrade has not been installed.Cause:
One or more patches required by Solaris Live Upgrade are not installed on your system. Beware that this error message does not catch all missing patches.Solution:
Before using Solaris Live Upgrade, always install all the required patches. Ensure that you have the most recently updated patch list by consulting http://sunsolve.sun.com. Search for the info doc 72099 on the SunSolve web site.
ERROR: Device mapping command </sbin/biosdev> failed. Please reboot and try again.Cause:
Reason 1: Solaris Live Upgrade is unable to map devices because of previous administrative tasks.Solution:
Reason 1: Reboot the system and try Solaris Live Upgrade againCause:
Reason 2: If you reboot your system and get the same error message, you have two or more identical disks. The device mapping command is unable to distinguish between them.Solution:
Reason 2: Create a new dummy fdisk partition on one of the disks. See the fdisk(1M) man page. Then reboot the system.
Cannot delete the boot environment that contains the GRUB menuCause:
Solaris Live Upgrade imposes the restriction that a boot environment cannot be deleted if the boot environment contains the GRUB menu.Solution:
Use lumake(1M) or luupgrade(1M) commands to reuse that boot environment.
The file system containing the GRUB menu was accidentally remade. However, the disk has the same slices as before. For example, the disk was not re-sliced.Cause:
The file system that contains the GRUB menu is critical to keeping the system bootable. Solaris Live Upgrade commands do not destroy the GRUB menu. But, if you accidentally remake or otherwise destroy the file system containing the GRUB menu with a command other than a Solaris Live Upgrade command, the recovery software attempts to reinstall the GRUB menu. The recovery software puts the GRUB menu back in the same file system at the next reboot. For example, you might have used the newfs or mkfs commands on the file system and accidentally destroyed the GRUB menu. To restore the GRUB menu correctly, the slice must adhere to the following conditions:
Contain a mountable file system
Remain a part of the same Solaris Live Upgrade boot environment where the slice resided previously
Before rebooting the system, make any necessary corrective actions on the slice.Solution:
Reboot the system. A backup copy of the GRUB menu is automatically installed.
The GRUB menu's menu.lst file was accidentally deleted.Solution:
Reboot the system. A backup copy of the GRUB menu is automatically installed.
When you use Solaris Live Upgrade while upgrading and running Veritas VxVM, the system panics on reboot unless you upgrade by using the following procedure. The problem occurs if packages do not conform to Solaris advanced packaging guidelines.
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
Create an inactive boot environment. See Creating a New Boot Environment in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
Before upgrading the inactive boot environment, you must disable the existing Veritas software on the inactive boot environment.
Mount the inactive boot environment.
# lumount inactive_boot_environment_name mount_point
For example:
# lumount solaris8 /mnt
Change to the directory that contains the vfstab, for example:
# cd /mnt/etc
Make a copy of the inactive boot environment's vfstab file, for example:
# cp vfstab vfstab.501
In the copied vfstab, comment out all Veritas file system entries, for example:
# sed '/vx\/dsk/s/^/#/g' < vfstab > vfstab.novxfs
The first character of each line is changed to #, which makes the line a comment line. Note that this comment line is different than the system file-comment lines.
Copy the changed vfstab file, for example:
# cp vfstab.novxfs vfstab
Change directories to the inactive boot environment's system file, for example:
# cd /mnt/etc
Make a copy of the inactive boot environment's system file, for example:
# cp system system.501
Comment out all "forceload:" entries that include drv/vx.
# sed '/forceload: drv\/vx/s/^/*/' <system> system.novxfs
The first character of each line is changed to *, which makes the line a command line. Note that this comment line is different than the vfstab file comment lines.
Create the Veritas install-db file, for example:
# touch vx/reconfig.d/state.d/install-db
Unmount the inactive boot environment.
# luumount inactive_boot_environment_name
Upgrade the inactive boot environment. See Chapter 5, Upgrading With Solaris Live Upgrade (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
Activate the inactive boot environment. See Activating a Boot Environment in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
Shut down the system.
# init 0
Boot the inactive boot environment in single-user mode:
OK boot -s
Several messages and error messages that contain "vxvm" or "VXVM" are displayed that can be ignored. The inactive boot environment becomes active.
Upgrade Veritas.
Restore the original vfstab and system files:
# cp /etc/vfstab.original /etc/vfstab # cp /etc/system.original /etc/system
Reboot the system.
# init 6
If you install the Solaris 10 10/08 OS on a system that does not currently include a service or diagnostic partition, the installation program might not create a service partition by default. If you want to include a service partition on the same disk as the Solaris partition, you must re-create the service partition before you install the Solaris 10 10/08 OS.
If you installed the Solaris 8 2/02 OS on a system with a service partition, the installation program might not have preserved the service partition. If you did not manually edit the fdisk boot partition layout to preserve the service partition, the installation program deleted the service partition during the installation.
If you did not specifically preserve the service partition when you installed the Solaris 8 2/02 OS, you might not be able to re-create the service partition and upgrade to the Solaris 10 10/08 OS.
If you want to include a service partition on the disk that contains the Solaris partition, choose one of the following workarounds.
To install the software from a net installation image or from the Solaris Operating System DVD over the network, follow these steps.
Delete the contents of the disk.
Before you install, create the service partition by using the diagnostics CD for your system.
For information about how to create the service partition, see your hardware documentation.
Boot the system from the network.
The Customize fdisk Partitions screen is displayed.
To load the default boot disk partition layout, click Default.
The installation program preserves the service partition and creates the Solaris partition.
To use the Solaris installation program to install from the Solaris Software - 1 CD or from a network installation image on a boot server, follow these steps.
Delete the contents of the disk.
Before you install, create the service partition by using the diagnostics CD for your system.
For information about how to create the service partition, see your hardware documentation.
The installation program prompts you to choose a method for creating the Solaris partition.
Boot the system.
Select the Use rest of disk for Solaris partition option.
The installation program preserves the service partition and creates the Solaris partition.
Complete the installation.
This appendix is for system administrators who install or remove packages, especially third-party packages. Following these packaging requirements enables the following:
Avoids modifying the currently running system so you can upgrade with Solaris Live Upgrade and create and maintain non-global zones and diskless clients
Prevents a package from being interactive to automate installations when using installation programs such as custom JumpStart
This chapter contains the following sections:
Following the requirements in this section keeps the currently running OS unaltered.
For an installation of an operating system to be successful, packages must recognize and correctly respect alternate root (/) file systems, such as a Solaris Live Upgrade inactive boot environment.
Packages can include absolute paths in their pkgmap file (package map). If these files exist, they are written relative to the -R option of the pkgadd command. Packages that contain both absolute and relative (relocatable) paths can be installed to an alternative root (/) file system as well. $PKG_INSTALL_ROOT is prepended to both absolute and relocatable files so all paths are resolved properly when being installed by pkgadd.
Packages being installed by using the pkgadd -R option or being removed using the pkgrm -R option must not alter the currently running system. This feature is used by custom JumpStart, Solaris Live Upgrade, non-global zones and diskless client.
Any procedure scripts that are included in the packages being installed with the pkgadd command -R option or being removed by using the pkgrm command -R option must not alter the currently running system. Any installation scripts that you provide must reference any directory or file that is prefixed with the $PKG_INSTALL_ROOT variable. The package must write all directories and files with the $PKG_INSTALL_ROOT prefix. The package must not remove directories without a $PKG_INSTALL_ROOT prefix.
Table B–1 provides examples of script syntax.Table B–1 Examples of Installation Script Syntax
Script Type
Correct Syntax
Incorrect Syntax
Bourne shell "if" statement fragments
if [ -f ${PKG_INSTALL_ROOT}\ /etc/myproduct.conf ] ; then
if [ -f /etc/myproduct.conf ] ; \ then
Removing a file
/bin/rm -f ${PKG_INSTALL_ROOT}\ /etc/myproduct.conf
/bin/rm -f /etc/myproduct.conf
Changing a file
echo "test=no" > ${PKG_INSTALL_ROOT}\ /etc/myproduct.conf
echo "test=no" > \ /etc/myproduct.conf
$PKG_INSTALL_ROOT is the location of the root (/) file system of the machine to which you are adding the package. The location is set to the -R argument of the pkgadd command. For example, if the following command is invoked, then $PKG_INSTALL_ROOT becomes /a during the installation of the package.
# pkgadd -R /a SUNWvxvm
$BASEDIR points to the relocatable base directory into which relocatable package objects are installed. Only relocatable objects are installed here. Nonrelocatable objects (those that have absolute paths in the pkgmap file) are always installed relative to the inactive boot environment, but not relative to the $BASEDIR in effect. If a package has no relocatable objects, then the package is said to be an absolute package (or nonrelocatable), and $BASEDIR is undefined and not available to package procedure scripts.
For example, suppose a package's pkgmap file has two entries:
1 f none sbin/ls 0555 root sys 3541 12322 1002918510 1 f none /sbin/ls2 0555 root sys 3541 12322 2342423332
The pkginfo file has a specification for $BASEDIR:
If this package is installed with the following command, then ls is installed in /a/opt/sbin/ls, but ls2 is installed as /a/sbin/ls2.
# pkgadd -R /a SUNWtest
Your package procedure scripts must be independent of the currently running OS to prevent modifying the OS. Procedure scripts define actions that occur at particular points during package installation and removal. Four procedure scripts can be created with these predefined names: preinstall, postinstall, preremove, and postremove.Table B–2 Guidelines For Creating Scripts
Affects Solaris Live Upgrade
Affects non-global zones
Scripts must be written in Bourne shell (/bin/sh). Bourne shell is the interpreter that is used by the pkgadd command to execute the procedure scripts.
Scripts must not start or stop any processes or depend on the output of commands such as ps or truss, which are operating system dependent and report information about the currently running system.
Scripts are free to use other standard UNIX commands such as expr, cp, and ls and other commands that facilitate shell scripting.
Any commands that a script invokes must be available in all supported releases, since a package must run on all of those releases. Therefore, you cannot use commands that were added or removed after the Solaris 8 release.
To verify that a specific command or option is supported in a Solaris 8, 9, or 10 release, see the specific version of Solaris Reference Manual AnswerBook on http://docs.sun.com.
Packages must not execute commands delivered by the package itself. This is to maintain diskless client compatibility and avoids running commands that might require shared libraries that are not installed yet.
All packages must pass pkgchk validation. After a package is created and before it is installed, it must be checked with the following command.
# pkgchk -d dir_name pkg_name
Specifies the name of the directory where the package resides
Specifies the name of the package
After a package is created, it must be tested by installing it in an alternate root (/) file system location by using the -R dir_name option to pkgadd. After the package is installed, it must be checked for correctness by using pkgchk, as in this example.
# pkgadd -d . -R /a SUNWvxvm # pkgchk -R /a SUNWvxvm
No errors should be displayed.
If a package exists at /export/SUNWvxvm, then you would issue the following command.
# pkgchk -d /export SUNWvxvm
No errors should be displayed.
Other commands can check the package when you are creating, modifying, and deleting files. The following commands are some examples.
For example, the dircmp or fssnap commands can be used to verify that packages behave properly.
Also, the ps command can be used for testing daemon compliance by making sure daemons are not stopped or started by the package.
The truss, pkgadd -v, and pkgrm commands can test runtime package installation compliance, but might not work in all situations. In the following example, the truss command strips out all read-only, non-$TEMPDIR access and shows only non-read-only access to paths that do not lie within the specified inactive boot environment.
# TEMPDIR=/a; export TEMPDIR # truss -t open /usr/sbin/pkgadd -R ${TEMPDIR} SUNWvxvm \ 2>&1 > /dev/null | grep -v O_RDONLY | grep -v \ 'open("'${TEMPDIR}
Packages must be added or removed without the user being prompted for information when using the following standard Solaris utilities.
The custom JumpStart program
Solaris Live Upgrade
Solaris installation program program
Solaris Zones
To test a package to ensure that it will install with no user interaction, a new administration file can be set up with the pkgadd command -a option. The -a option defines an installation administration file to be used in place of the default administration file. Using the default file might result in the user being prompted for more information. You can create an administration file that indicates to pkgadd that it should bypass these checks and install the package without user confirmation. For details, see the man page admin(4) or pkgadd(1M).
The following examples show how the pkgadd command uses the administration file.
If no administration file is provided, pkgadd uses /var/sadm/install/admin/default. Using this file might result in user interaction.
# pkgadd
If a relative administration file is provided on the command line, pkgadd looks in /var/sadm/install/admin for the file name and uses it. In this example, the relative administration file is named nocheck and pkgadd looks for /var/sadm/install/admin/nocheck.
# pkgadd -a nocheck
If an absolute file is provided pkgadd uses it. In this example, pkgadd looks in /tmp for the nocheck administration file.
# pkgadd -a /tmp/nocheck
The following is an example of an installation administration file that requires very little user interaction with the pkgadd utility. Unless the package requires more space than is available on the system, the pkgadd utility uses this file and installs the package without prompting the user for more information.
mail= instance=overwrite partial=nocheck runlevel=nocheck idepend=nocheck space=ask setuid=nocheck confiict=nocheck action=nocheck basedir=default
Packages have parameters that control how their content is distributed and made visible on a system with non-global zones installed. The SUNW_PKG_ALLZONES, SUNW_PKG_HOLLOW, and SUNW_PKG_THISZONE package parameters define the characteristics of packages on a system with zones installed. These parameters must be set so that packages can be administered in a system with non-global zones.
The following table lists the four valid combinations for setting package parameters. If you choose setting combinations that are not listed in the following table, those settings are invalid and result in the package failing to install.
Ensure that you have set all three package parameters. You can leave all three package parameters blank. The package tools interpret a missing zone package parameter as if the setting were "false," but not setting the parameters is strongly discouraged. By setting all three package parameters, you specify the exact behavior the package tools should exhibit when installing or removing the package.
SUNW_PKG_ALLZONES Setting
SUNW_PKG_HOLLOW Setting
SUNW_PKG_THISZONE Setting
Package Description
This is the default setting for packages that do not specify values for all the zone package parameters.
A package with these settings can be installed in either the global zone or a non-global zone.
In both cases, the entire contents of the package is visible in all zones where the package is installed.
A package with these settings can be installed in either the global zone or a non-global zone. If new non-global zones are created after the installation, the package is not propagated to these new non-global zones.
In both cases, the entire contents of the package is visible in the zone where the package is installed.
A package with these settings can be installed in the global zone only. When the pkgadd command is run, the package is installed in the global zone and in all non-global zones. The entire contents of the package is visible in all zones.
Note –
Any attempt to install the package in a non-global zone fails.
A package with these settings can only be installed in the global zone, by the global administrator. When the pkgadd command is run, the contents of the package is fully installed in the global zone. If a package has the package parameters set to these values, the package content itself is not delivered on any non-global zone. Only the package installation information necessary to make the package appear to be installed is installed on all non-global zones. This enables the installation of other packages to be installed that depend on this package. For more information on "hollow" packages, see Chapter 24, About Packages and Patches on a Solaris System With Zones Installed (Overview), in System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones.
For package dependency checking purposes, the package appears to be installed in all zones.
Note –
Any attempt to install the package in a non-global zone fails.
For More Information
For more details on packages and zones
Chapter 24, About Packages and Patches on a Solaris System With Zones Installed (Overview), in System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones
For an overview of sparse and whole root zones
Chapter 16, Introduction to Solaris Zones, in System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones
For information about package characteristics and parameters
For information about displaying package parameter values
The following references provide background information about packaging requirements and specific command syntax.
For more specific information about packaging requirements and definitions of terminology
Chapter 6, Advanced Techniques for Creating Packages, in Application Packaging Developer's Guide
For basic information about adding and removing packages and the installation administration file
Chapter 18, Managing Software (Overview), in System Administration Guide: Basic Administration
For detailed information about specific commands that are referenced in this appendix, see these man pages
dircmp(1), fssnap(1M), ps(1), or truss(1) pkgadd(1M), pkgchk(1M), or pkgrm(1M)
For an overview of Solaris Live Upgrade
Chapter 2, Solaris Live Upgrade (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning
For an overview of custom JumpStart
For an overview of Solaris Zones
Chapter 16, Introduction to Solaris Zones, in System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones


text:
Web 2.0rhea outbreak bought, killed
Pownce no more
Blogging software maven Six Apart has acquired and killed a minor outbreak of Web 2.0rhea.
In announcing its purchase of the Twitter-like Pownce, Six Apart also announced that the micro-bogging app would disappear in thirteen days. "As of today, Pownce will no longer be accepting new users," read an email sent to Web2.0rhea sufferers early this morning. "Our thanks go out to everyone who contributed to the Pownce community."
Six Apart — the outfit behind blogging platforms Moveable Type and TypePad — did not respond to a request for comment.
Backed by Web 2.0 poster child Kevin "Digg" Rose, Pownce made its debut in the summer of 2007, promising an even more vomitous version of Twitter's stream of 140-character sound-byte consciousness. Unlike Twitter, it was set up to instantly transfer files, and Silicon Valley types were so excited that beta accounts were selling on eBay.
But in the end, Pownce Web 2.0rhea wasn't as contagious as Twitter Web 2.0rhea.
It seems, however, that Six Apart still believes in Pownce. On some level. According to a blog post from former Pownce CEO Leah Culver — who now joins Six Apart along with Pownce co-founder Mike Malone — the micro-boggers will "come back with something much better in 2009."
And now we await the death of Twitter. It may have the industry-leading vomit share, but it lacks anything close to a business model. ®

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The National Vindicator. (Washington, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 15, Ed. 1, Saturday, November 25, 1843
Description: Weekly newspaper from the Washington, Texas area that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 25, 1843
Creator: Johnson, Thomas
Item Type: Refine your search to only Newspaper
Partner: The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History


text:
0Feature Filter
Filtering by: Edit
This theme hasnt been updated in over 2 years. It may no longer be maintained or supported and may have compatibility issues when used with more recent versions of WordPress.
SKT Yogi Lite is a simple adapatable and flexible multipurpose theme meant for yoga, fitness, business, corporate, designer, spa, health club, gym, boxing, sports, small business, beauty salon and medical and dental but not limited to only them. Check demo at:http://sktthemesdemo.net/yoga/
No themes found. Try a different search.


text:
Licensed salon & spa professionals can set up a Professional Account which entitles them to professional only pricing, professional only promotions and additional educational and marketing resources available to our salon & spa customers.
If you already have a Professional Account with us, please sign in below with your email and password in the "Sign In to My Professional Account" section.
To create a Salon - Spa Professional Account, please enter your email and a valid Cosmetology License in the section called "Create a Professional Account" below and click the "Create Account" button. You will then be asked for additional information.
tell us
you think!
Alegra by Zoya can be best described as a fuchsia pink sparkling metallic. An expensive-looking metallic shade for summer.
Finish - Metallic
Intensity - 5 (1 = Sheer - 5 = Opaque)
Tone - Cool
For Best Results
Step 1: Clean the nail plate with Remove Plus ( Remove ) nail polish remover and nail plate cleaner
Step 2: Choose and apply the right base coat: Zoya Anchor for regular healthy nails or Zoya GetEven for nails with ridges
Step 3: Apply 2 coats of your favorite Zoya Nail Polish Color
Step 4: Apply a coat of Zoya Armor Top Coat
Step 5: Drop one drop of Zoya Fast Drops to the base of your nail bed
Following these 5 steps guarantees up to 14 days of wear on natural nails.
Shade Spotlight
Ratings & Reviews
Zoya Nail Polish | Alegra-Surefire Way To Get Noticed
Sexy is the only way to describe this color. Your mani/pedi will be the center of attention without a doubt. It`s perfect for a night out or in. 2 coats will be enough, but 3 makes it smolder. You`ve got to try it. Seriously.
Zoya Nail Polish | AlegraMy favorite Zoya
Great opacity, sparkle and shine. Unusual without being too different. It is my go to color no matter what season.
Zoya Nail Polish | AlegraIf you`re on the fence, she`s worth it.
Deep fuchsia with glitter. Packed with sparkle! I didn`t originally think I would purchase this one because I have so many other pink or red glitters but I thought it might be different enough to pick up. For me it was different than anything else I own. Might need 3 coats, which is the only reason I give it a 4 out of 5.
Zoya Nail Polish | Alegrasuper pretty!
I just put this on my toes. It was too much fuschia & sparkle for my fingers (too dazzling) and now I can`t stop looking at my feet! Love it.


text:
I upgraded to Mountain Lion recently. My email changed as well. I used to have my 40K emails in different mailboxes and now I realize that the new way to do so is with 'smart mailboxes' (I actually like it).
At home, with an iMac: the transition to ML was OK until today when I had a problem with my outgoing emails. I decided to take the approach of 'delete the account and rewrite the settings':
- that caused all my emails (except 200 that are 'live' on my server) to disappear from the iMac.
Elsewhere: at my office, everything is on a Mac Pro, which also runs Mountain Lion.
Is there any way to retrieve all my emails? (Do I still have the old email's folder somewhere?)
If not, then with the data on the Mac Pro at the office: how can I export/import back home?


text:
8 takeaways from the DNC
CHARLOTTE, N.C. — The conventional summer has ended and the final lap of the 2012 election has officially begun.
President Barack Obama leaves North Carolina as the Democratic Party's official standard-bearer. Bill Clinton departs Charlotte elevated to the latest peak in a lifetime of political crashes and redemptions. And Mitt Romney, nowhere near Charlotte, was mocked for three nights straight.
Story Continued Below
( PHOTOS: Scenes from the Democratic convention)
Below, POLITICO's eight takeaways on the Democratic convention:
1. Obama was fine, Clinton was better
President Obama's speech was well-received in the convention hall and by some Democratic activists watching at home. But there was far less energy in the hall than there was for Clinton's speech a night earlier, underscoring that there is a difference between 2012 and 2008.
( Also on POLITICO: Obama: 'You are the change')
Obama himself alluded to those differences plainly, telling the party faithful he knew that "times have changed" since 2004.
"I'm no longer just a candidate. I'm the president," he said, referring to the stark realities the nation faces.
But despite rapping Romney for lack of a plan, he didn't go heavy on specifics. Obama listed a litany of numerical goals — deficit reduction in 10 years and the like — but that was about it for specifics. He spent some time on his accomplishments, but the economic stimulus, for instance, was not one he touted.
The president's language was hopeful and forward looking — Obama left the toughest attacks to others.
( Also on POLITICO: DNC speeches text)
This was not a speech that pressed reset for the president, but basically served the purpose of an incumbent dealing with a bad economy and evaporated 2008 magic. His hope is that Clinton did that for him, without also overshadowing him.
"Before last night, no one knew the rationale for keeping Barack Obama four more years — now we do. Bill Clinton made it plain," said Republican strategist Alex Castellanos. "He told us that when the sun comes up tomorrow, things will be better. He told us the greatest risk would be stopping in the desert and turning back from the promised land. Old dad came home and said, 'Trust me, give the kid another chance.'"
2. Energy and message went to Charlotte over Tampa
It doesn't dictate who will win. But the Democrats put on a better convention.
Not every metric here is the same. Republicans did the best they could under some trying circumstances, including a hurricane, a candidate to whom the base has warmed slowly and a city with logistical hurdles for such a large-scale event.
For all the talk — and polling data — showing an enthusiasm gap on the Democratic side, the partisans in the Time Warner Arena were fired up. The energy in the hall was real. The delegates stayed in their seats and listened attentively.


text:
Diana DeGette: Matt Lauer 'wrong' on Mom interview
WASHINGTON — U.S. Rep. Diana DeGette is the latest commentator to attack TV personality Matt Lauer for the questions he asked recently of GM CEO Mary Barra — in particular those directed at her dual role of boss and mother.
In a piece published today, DeGette takes aim at Lauer for raising the issue of Barra's gender and asking whether she was selected for the company's top spot because "as a woman and a mom," she could "provide a softer face," according to Lauer, as GM deals with the fallout of problems stemming from faulty ignition switches.
"Instead of asking about GM's activities while it sold unsafe cars, Mr. Lauer chose to ask Ms. Barra if her gender helped her get ahead, or if she couldn't lead the company because she is a mother," DeGette, a Denver Democrat, wrote. "Mr. Lauer was wrong, and he should have known better."
Lauer has tried to address the criticism by saying that the work-life balance is something all parents can understand.


text:
Almost no one knows exactly where National Security Agency (NSA) whistleblower/leaker Edward Snowden is.
On Monday WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange told reporters that he knew where 30-year-old ex-Booz Allen employee was, adding: "He is in a safe place. His spirits are high."
Russia's foreign minister Sergey Lavrov denied the Kremlin was harboring Snowden, saying that he "has not crossed the Russian border."
Snowden reportedly received refugee papers from Ecuador "to secure him safe passage as he fled Hong Kong over the weekend," but Assange said that he didn't know whether Snowden could travel beyond Moscow using the Ecuadorean document.
Russian news agency Interfax, citing a "well-informed source," is reporting that Snowden may be detained by Russian authorities to establish the circumstances of his arrival in Russia, noting that the U.S. reportedly voided his passport.
(Unlike suspected CIA recruiter Ryan C. Fogle, who was expelled from Russia in May, Snowden doesn't have any sort of diplomatic immunity.)
The White House thinks he's in Russia, which makes sense — Snowden is potentially a huge post-Cold War prize for Vladimir Putin and a tremendous headache for Barack Obama.
"[This] all kind of tracks with Putin's personal mantra: 'I have an independent foreign policy. I am the only world leader who has an independent foreign policy that is not dictated by Washington," Matthew Rojansky, the deputy director of the Russia and Eurasia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington, told David M. Herszenhorn of The New York Times.
Rojanksy added that Russia and America "are like Ninja masters who have taken up a new profession. It's like Mr. Miyagi at the cash register, and when a fly comes by they reach up and grab it."
U.S. officials say they don't know how many documents the former CIA technician took — Guardian journalist Glenn Greenwald said Snowden gave him "thousands" — and how willing he is to share NSA secrets.
American intelligence officials told Herszenhorn and Peter Baker of The Times that the documents could be of great value to a foreign intelligence service since they could could provide a more complete idea of NSA capabilties.
Snowden has divulged information detailing how NSA hackers systematically targeted computers and civilian targets in Hong Kong and mainland China over a four-year period.
Rojansky told the Times that the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), the post-Soviet successor of the K.G.B., would naturally want to talk to Snowden.
"The guy is supposedly carrying four laptops, plus a bunch of thumb drives, supposedly knows all sorts of other things," he said. "You don't pass up an opportunity like that. You don't just let him pass through the business lounge, on the way to Cuba."
WikiLeaks paid for Snowden's travel out of Hong Kong and sent Sarah Harrison, Assange's closest advisor, to accompany him. Last year Ecuador granted political asylum to Assange, who is holed up in the country's London embassy.
Besides China and Russia, Snowden's options for travel include Ecuador, Cuba, and Venezuela since they pride themselves on their "anti-imperialist" credentials.


text:
let $C$ be the category of $\tau$-algebras for some type $\tau$. consider the statements:
- every monomorphism is regular.
- every epimorphism in C is surjective.
it is easy to see that 1. implies 2. what about the converse?
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let $C$ be the category of $\tau$-algebras for some type $\tau$. consider the statements:
it is easy to see that 1. implies 2. what about the converse?
Update: the following exchange appeared on the categories mailing list several years ago: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.science.mathematics.categories/3094. Walter Tholen's response strongly suggests that the answer to Martin's question is that the converse does not hold, although I don't have access to the four-author article he cites as reference. It's probably worth a look though, and if I learn anything more I'll post another update.
Second update: My surmise was correct. Walter Tholen kindly emailed to me the relevant two pages (pp. 88-89) of the four-author paper
where the following example is given on page 89: in the category of semigroups with zero such that all 4-fold products are zero, all epimorphisms are surjective but not all monos are regular [a specific nonregular mono is described]. (I can forward this email if you write to me at topological dot musings at gmail dot com.)
Assuming amalgamated products exist (as they do in categories of algebras of a Lawvere theory), a mono i: A >--> B is regular if it is the equalizer of the pair of canonical maps from B to the amalgamated product B *_A B (i.e., the coprojections of the pushout of i with itself, aka the cokernel pair of i). The equalizer of the cokernel pair defines a closure operator on the lattice of subalgebras Sub(B), called the dominion operator Dom_B. So to prove a subalgebra is not regular is to show that it is not Dom-closed. The key technical result needed to prove the claim above is Isbell's Zig-Zag theorem (given in his paper Epimorphisms and Dominions in the 1965 La Jolla conference proceedings on categorical algebra), as recalled here, which gives a precise and useful criterion for an element to belong to the dominion (= Dom-closure) of a subalgebra.
Hope this helps. I am voting up your question, Martin, since it's rather nontrivial!
Certainly not. Consider the category of groups: every epimorphism is surjective (see, e.g., Categories for the Working Mathematician, p. 21 exercise 5) but not every mono is a kernel.


text:
Recent News
December 02, 2013
IQ Formulations Recalls HYDRAVAX Dietary Supplement Due to Possible Undeclared Ingredient
The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services received information regarding a recall of 45-capsule bottles of HYDRAVAX due to potential inclusion of an unlisted diuretic.
- HYDRAVAX (Lot # 2458, Exp # 07/16)
The recalled HYDRAVAX was distributed nationwide in retail stores and mail order.
Possible effects of using a diuretic include an electrolyte imbalance due to water loss. Symptoms include: polyuria, nausea, vomiting, weakness, lassitude, fever, flushed face and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are the most important concern. Excessive doses of diuretics may elicit hyperkalemia, dehydration, nausea, vomiting and weakness and possibly hypotension. Overdosing with a diuretic has been associated with hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia, dehydration, lethargy and gastrointestinal irritation. People experiencing these problems should seek immediate medical attention.
The full recall can be found at www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm377057.htm?source=govdelivery&utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery.


text:
Thanks to Priceless Joy for hosting FFftAW.
Painfully stuck in airport for hours wait,
Sitting here staring the clock ticks slowly.
Here with you life's perfect –it doesn't grate.
My arm falls asleep, your heavy head rolls,
Further onto my chest; I need to get up.
Legs start to tingle, I've sat too long so —
I gently moving your head; my 'buttercup,'
You hate when I call you that but you make me smile.
Happiness, tranquility; I'm drugged.
Departure board reads, plane is still awhile.
Walking for coffee, some lunch, magazines.
You're awake when I return, you beguile;
Your grin makes you quiver and I preen.
Unaware we stare, our stare held timeless.
You appreciate me (and food); your eyes gleam.
We're both stuck here all night, it's liveable,
We both forge a tighter bond insurmountable.
Painfully stuck in airport for hours wait.
Here with you, life's perfect — it doesn't grate.
©Mandibelle16. (2017) All Rights Reserved.


text:
Can I PAUSE the Universe for a week?
Things are pretty hectic around me right now, and I could use a little extra time to get things done. My newborn daughter is 2 weeks old (read: no sleep), I'm starting a new job this month, and I'm finishing up a contract in the next 7-14 days… Needless to say: I'm busy. However, this does not mean progress has stopped! Tonight I had a chance to quickly model and skin an elephant leg. BEHOLD:
These are a regularly diffused and a toon shaded version of the leg. Sure, not the best, but it's pretty good for programmer art! Ultimately, I'll be toon shading all character art. if I can model and skin an elephant leg in less than an hour, maybe I can get all the rest of the art done AFTER my major deadline this Friday. (Perhaps on Saturday?)


text:
Welcome to the Elmhurst College Help Desk.
Using computers, phones, and other technology can be frustrating if things do not work the way you expect them to work. Our staff members provide technology support and offer several resources and services that will allow you to resolve problems on your own if you choose. In addition, if you want to learn to use new software, applications, or systems - or just want to further your technical knowledge - you can take advantage of our training opportunities. We strive to assist with and resolve all technology-related issues.


text:
Improve your IYA2009 event evaluation with online resources
7 December 2009
A collaboration of individuals, businesses, and non-profits collectively known as GOOD have worked together to produce a series of blog-style posts on the topic of evaluation. Topics include cost-effective tools, timing, timeframes, data visualisation, uncertainty, and celebrating learning.
These resources may prove useful for IYA2009 event organisers wishing to evaluate their activities.
To see the articles, please visit: http://www.good.is/series/innovation-in-evaluation/
Search IYA2009 Updates
National Nodes: 148
Organisational Nodes: 40
Organisational Associates:33
National Websites: 111
Cornerstone Projects: 12
Special Task Groups: 11
Special Projects:16
Official Products:8
Media Partners:22


text:
hey everyone!
for those new posters on here this is where you can introduce yourself to the current posters. if you haven't signed up yet sign up here.
here are some things i recommend.
favorite former rockies player(s)
favorite current rockies player(s)
favorite rockies moment, current or past(or both)
where u live
any other interesting tidbits about yourself you'll like to add.
in advance, welcome to the forum and have a great time while your on here!


text:
Vietnam has a remarkable wind-energy story
Thursday - Vietnam is rising as Southeast Asias new wind hero, with power capacity soon to dwarf that of all other Asean nations.
Myanmar hands over forests to oil palm producers
15 Nov 19 - Myanmar has handed out more than 400,000 hectares of oil palm concessions to 44 companies, some of the land overlapping with proposed national parks.
Coal is still king in Southeast Asia
10 Oct 19 - Not only will coal continue to be the dominant fuel source in power generation in Southeast Asia, its use will grow and peak in 2027 before slowing, according to a new study.
Can indonesia avoid a capital distaster?
6 Sep 19 - Indonesia will build a new capital city from scratch in a jungle-covered area with little to no infrastructure and it could be an environmental disaster.
Most Southeast Asia banks ignore climate crisis
27 Aug 19 - Most Southeast Asian banks are indifferent to climate change in their lending operations, a new report has found.
IKEA IDEA: Inspired firm aims to electrify a million boats
27 Aug 19 - A Singapore startup on a mission to replace a million polluting diesel-powered boats in Southeast Asia has been inspired by Ikea.
Singapore expects to pay $72b for climate peace of mind
21 Aug 19 - low-lying Singapore could spend $US72 billion or more over the next 50 to 100 years to adapt to climate change and rising sea levels, according to its prime minister.
Plastic, poverty and paradox ... the sad story of a great river
15 Aug 19 - Indias most sacred river is also its most polluted, with plastic a major culprit. Now moves are afoot to monitor the flow of rubbish and assess its link to poverty.
Southeast Asia drowning in electronic waste
7 Aug 19 - As awareness of the toxic fall-out of Southeast Asia's e-waste crisis grows, what's being done to defuse an environmental timebomb in the making?
At the garbage cafe, pay for your curry with plastic waste
31 Jul 19 - No money no problem. Bring plastic waste and get a free curry at India's first garbage café.
Car craze brings gridlock and grumpiness to beaming Bhutan
26 Jul 19 - Booming car sales in Bhutan, famed for valuing Gross National Happiness over economic growth, are testing the good humour of the citizens.
Melting ice will hurt Southeast Asia
24 Jul 19 - Southeast Asia will be hardest hit by rising sea levels caused by melting and collapsing ice sheets.
Corruption and coal rule in Indonesia
16 Jul 19 - Prosecutors have indicted the head of a Indonesia's national power firm and other officials, raising hopes of a dirty energy clean-up.
Residents sue government over worlds filthiest air
12 Jul 19 - A group of citizens is suing the Indonesian government, including the president, over the poor air quality in Jakarta, which in recent weeks has ranked as the worst in the world.
Leftover spy satellites reveal Himalayas melt
21 Jun 19 - US spy satellites that secretly kept watch over the Himalayas during the Cold War are helping researchers piece together the most detailed view yet of the region's accelerating ice loss.
Coal-dependent Japan sets neutral goal
14 Jun 19 - Heavy on tech, light on any plans to tackle its coal dependency, Japan has released its climate legislation.
Students must plant 10 trees to graduate
4 Jun 19 - The PhilippineS Senate has passed a law requiring all students to plant 10 trees in order to graduate.
Malaysia loses last male rhino
31 May 19 - The last male Sumatran rhino in Malaysia has died in a nature reserve on Borneo.
TREATED LIKE TRASH: Asians send back the West's rubbish
29 May 19 - South-east Asia has begun to push back against the deluge of plastic and electronic waste from the UK, US and Australia.
More in the Asia Archive
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PDF (Acrobat) Document File
Be sure that you have an application to open this file type before downloading and/or purchasing.
Easy to Use Table of Contents
Common Core Standards for 3rd, 4th and 5th grade
10 page kid friendly blank state report template covering the following areas: geography, borders, state facts (state bird, flower, motto, tree, gem, flag, etc), visitor's center questions, weather, famous person mini biography, population, agriculture and business, and more!
Fun extension/early finisher activity: pennant state timeline!
Overall you get 20 pages of common core aligned material to use for your class. You can print this report and hand it out as an individual research asssignment, or you can fill it out as a class research project. Either way, this template is packed full of hours of research material for your students!
Thank you and happy teaching!


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Selena's Family Are "Planning An Intervention" Over Justin
While Selena Gomez's very public lash-out at Justin Bieber on Instagram was more than a little pass-the-popcorn for us, it was apparently the final straw for her loved ones.
Sel's family and friends are worried that her non-stop, round-the-world Revival tour is taking its toll on her energy levels and she's struggling to deal with the stress.
And the huge emotional fall-out from the Justin situation - him accusing her of cheating on him with Zayn Malik, her accusing him of cheating on her with a number of unnamed women and him quitting Instagram in spectacularly tantrum-like fashion - has left Selena with a shed-load of guilt.
A source told The Sun: "Justin and Selena's relationship is notoriously rocky and it hasn't been easy to see him move on so publicly with Sofia.
"But Selena is used to seeing him with other women - it's the combination of being over-worked and under pressure.
"She's been touring for four months non-stop and won't rest until mid-December with her Revival tour still to hit Europe and South America.
"There's real concern and the plan is to talk to her in the next few days to ask her to consider taking some time off."
Selena had to take some time out in 2014 after being diagnosed with lupus, an autoimmune disease disease that can cause chronic fatigue, painful joints and fevers, and checked herself into rehab in Arizona to give herself some time out.
And, paired with her emotional Instagram post from last month where she admitted to feeling "extremely unauthentic, unconnected to both myself and my music", Queen Sel's family and friends may be right - it could be time to take a step back.


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Food and agricultural research advocates are celebrating today's passage by the U.S. Senate of the long-delayed "Farm Bill." It provides $512 million for science over 5 years and kick starts new fundraising for research at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The bill, which the House of Representatives approved last week, now heads to the White House for President Barack Obama's signature.
"I'm really pleased and excited," says Tom Van Arsdall, who heads the National Coalition for Food and Agricultural Research in Washington, D.C. "We appreciate how tight money is." Aspects of the $956 billion bill are controversial. It cuts nutritional benefits for the poor and some subsidies to farmers. There's also some political heat in the research arena: Some advocates are upset about what they see as an unfair bid by state land-grant universities to get an advantage in competitive grants.
The farm bill is especially important because it provides so-called mandatory funding, which does not have to be approved by Congress each fiscal year. On an annual basis, the new Farm Bill provides 3.8% less funding than its predecessor. There are, however, clear winners and losers.
The bulk of the research funding in the bill, $400 million, goes to what are known as specialty crops, including fruits, nuts, and vegetables. Although many kinds of crops are included in this category, lawmakers stipulated that nearly one-third of this funding must be spent on addressing citrus diseases. Money for organic farming research and outreach also increases, to $100 million. Biofuels and bioproducts research was slashed.
As a new way to raise funds for research, the bill creates a nonprofit Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research, modeled on similar charities that benefit the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The independent foundation will get up to $200 million in federal funds, to be matched by outside donations. "The foundation is the biggest win for us in the farm bill," says Karl Anderson, director of government relations for the "tri-societies"—the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. "It's an exciting new opportunity."
The bill also includes a controversial policy provision regarding competitive grants awarded by USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). Applicants will be required to show that they can provide matching funds from their institutions when applying for NIFA grants. This is an unusual requirement, says Bethany Johns of the tri-societies. But what rankles some stakeholders is an exemption for land-grant universities. (The secretary of USDA can also waive the rule for grants judged to be a national priority.)
The National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition, on their blog, calls it "a discriminatory provision to prohibit federal and state agencies, private labs, and NGOs from even applying for certain competitive grants. This is part of a worrisome trend of land grant universities and colleges trying to exclude others."
"If we're trying to support basic research in agriculture, then we can't be having these caveats," Johns says. "You fund the best science."
Ian Maw, of the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities in Washington, D.C., says many kinds of USDA grants already required matching funds, but not competitive grants. To standardize practices, Congress extended the matching requirement to competitive research grants, but then waived the requirement for land grants. That is an advantage, he conceeds, but notes that other institutions can avoid the matching requirement simply by partnering with a land grant.


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Police say a possible murder suspect was driving a stolen car when he led LAPD on a chase through neighborhoods near Downtown LA for more than an hour Tuesday then crashed into another vehicle and opened fire using a long-range assault rifle.
Updated Article: Suspect Remains Hospitalized
Dozens of squad cars and at least one K-9 unit descended on the intersection of Bixel and 7th streets shortly after 7 p.m.
The driver, who is in his mid-20s, crashed into another vehicle and when he exited the car, he immediately opened fire, police said.
The driver was the only person shot during the exchange of gunfire and was transported to the hospital with several gunshot wounds, police said. An unmarked LAPD car near the scene sustained several gun shots.
"He made it clear in the past that he was not going to be taken alive," LAPD Cmdr. Andrew Smith said, adding that officers recognized the driver.
Police on Tuesday night confirmed that the driver's brother, 25-year-old Jack Schlesinger, was killed in a Downtown LA police shooting in 2010.
Schlesinger was stopped by officers when the car he was driving came up as stolen, according to a Los Angeles Times report at the time. When he exited the car, Schlesinger was wielding an AK-47 or a similar assault rifle.
Tuesday's chase paralleled several facets of that deadly 2010 shooting.
"I don't think he surrendered at all. I think he was hit by officer gunfire and hit the ground. I don't think he meant to surrender at all," said Sgt. Rudy Lopez with LAPD.
The chase started at about 6 p.m. near Sunset and Rosemont boulevards in Echo Park, where the stolen vehicle was detected using a LoJack tracker.
Lopez told NBC4 the driver was originally wanted in connection with an armed carjacking Tuesday morning in North Hollywood. No shots were fired during that incident, Lopez said.
Later Tuesday, police said the man is also wanted in connection with a murder in May near Downtown LA.
Throughout the pursuit, a minimum of seven patrol cars tailed the driver, who was driving erratically, at times using the sidewalk to get around traffic and blowing through several red lights.
It did not appear that there were additional passengers in the white, two-door Honda with the driver as he circled neighborhoods in Silver Lake, Echo Park, Elysian Park and downtown. The driver was talking on a cell phone throughout much of the chase.
"He's obviously familiar with that area...he knows the streets to drive," Lopez said.
The driver narrowly missed several cars and clipped at least one vehicle -- a Prius -- as the pursuit wound through residential streets and busy intersections. The vehicle's front left bumper appeared to be dangling after that run in with the Prius.
Because the pursuit wound through a highly populated area, Lopez said a PIT manuever -- which involves a squad car clipping the back of the pursued vehicle forcing it to spin around -- was not a safe option for ending the chase.
Tuesday's chase was the second rush-hour pursuit in the past 24 hours.
On Monday afternoon, the driver of a dark-colored truck eluded police for more than an hour before jumping out of his vehicle and scaling several fences in a residential area of Pacoima before disappearing among brush. That driver was still at large Tuesday night.
Correction: The original version of this article reported the chase ended in the intersection of Beaudry Avenue and Wilshire Boulevard. It has been edited to reflect that the pursuit ended at Bixel and 7th streets.


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Sunrise Intracoastal is an exclusive gated community surrounded by water on three sides, providing a tropical retreat just steps from the heart of Fort Lauderdale. With glamorous estates and awe-inspiring views of its intracoastal surroundings, this is a peaceful oasis for those pursuing a luxe lifestyle.
Real Estate: Luxury real estate in Sunrise Intracoastal includes a mixture of classic, mid-century modern, Mediterranean, and other eclectic styles of properties, several of which are located on the water. The community is private and gated, and includes breathtaking views of the surrounding waterways and well-maintained tree-lined streets weaving throughout the neighborhood. There are fewer than 200 luxury estates in Sunrise Intracoastal, furthering its exclusive and intimate feel.
Lifestyle: Sunrise Intracoastal residents enjoy easy access to the Galleria Mall for upscale dining and shopping, and Fort Lauderdale Beach for water recreation just steps away from home. They can easily access the activity in the heart of Fort Lauderdale, in addition to several golf courses, parks, and various upscale attractions in the area. Due to the community's location in the intracoastal community along the Atlantic, this is an ideal residence for yachters, boaters and fishers.
Education: Sunrise Intracoastal residents are located near several area public schools, including Bayview Elementary School, Sunrise Middle School and Fort Lauderdale High School. Nearby private schools include St Thomas Aquinas High School and Saint Jerome Catholic School.
Water Access: Water access is extremely convenient in Sunrise Intracoastal due to its peninsular shape and each property's proximity to the water's edge. In fact, most estates along the waterways include pristine dockage in which to park a boat or yacht. Additionally, boaters may utilize the nearby Port Everglades inlet or other marinas in this intracoastal waterway network. Residents may also access the white sand beaches of Fort Lauderdale Beach just a few minutes away.


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There are several ways to find hymns and songs on Singing the Faith Plus. A selection of INDEXES are at the bottom of this page and below are details of how else you can search for Singing the Faith hymns.
Singing the Faith Plus hymns, published on this site and not included in the printed hymn book, can be found on our New Hymns page. We've also created a contents list of our online-only hymns using the same contents headings as in the hymn book.
Using the search boxes on the right of the page, you can:
Search using the calendar for Lectionary suggestions
- Click on the date you want and this will bring up a page that includes the Lectionary readings for the day (in the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible – Anglicized edition) and suggested hymns for each reading. If you have thoughts of your own for suitable hymns, let us know
Search for hymns and songs by one or more of the listed categories
- You can choose from as many categories as you wish from the category lists on the right of the page
- e.g. If you know you're going to have a praise band available during Advent, click on Festivals and Seasons and select "Advent"; and click on Hymns in different forms and select "Song with guitar chords". Now click on search for a list of options to come up. (If a hymn has been set to more than one tune, you will find that it is listed twice.)
- Remember to click on the Reset button at the bottom of the list before you start a new search
Search by hymn metre
- Open the Metrical Index to reveal a complete list of the hymn metres in Singing the Faith. Click on any metre to get a list of all hymns in that metre
- Why? You may wish to find a tune more familiar to your congregation. Alternatively – you may wish to try a new tune to refresh familiar words
Search by keyword to find a particular hymn or song
- The keyword search at the bottom right of the page gives you an alternative way of finding the hymn or article you are after. This search picks up on any word in the hymn listings or articles already on the site
- e.g. If you know a phrase from the first line of a hymn, type that into the Search by Keyword box and click on Search
- e.g. You may want to find hymns by (or articles referring to) Graham Maule. Put either of his names in the search box and those hymns/articles will be listed. But if you only put in "Graham" the list will also include hymns by other Grahams, such as Graham Kendrick
We also plan to add a "Scripture Search" for hymns suitable for a particular Bible passage.
Or discover new hymns, not included in Singing the Faith
Alphabetical Index of First Lines and Tunes (amended 19-03-12) PDF (Note - this PDF is indexed with 'Bookmarks'. Once the PDF is open in Acrobat Reader, click 'Bookmarks' on the left to open the expandable menu.)
Contents List (in numerical order) Excel document
Contents list (in numerical order) PDF
Cross reference Singing the Faith with Hymns & Psalms
Singing the Faith shares over 300 hymns with its predecessor, Hymns & Psalms.
Here, you can check the numbers in both books of each shared hymn:
as a PDF (by First Line only)
Hymns & Psalms cross reference (by first line) REV. 1-11-11
or as an Excel spreadsheet (by First Line, StF hymn number, or Hymns & Psalms number)
Hymns & Psalms cross reference (by first line) REV 1-11-11
A note on the printed editions of Singing the Faith
You may notice some minor discrepancies between texts or information on this website and the printed copies of Singing the Faith.
Generally, the website will provide the most up-to-date information because we will try to ensure that any errors in Singing the Faith are corrected here as soon as they are spotted; corrections to the printed copies of the books will be dependent on reprints. Here you can see a complete list of corrections prepared for the 2nd and 3rd impressions of Singing the Faith (November 2011 and Jauary 2012 [Words only]). Corrections are also noted in the information about individual hymns on this website.


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It wasn't a long time earlier that hiphop was made inside the Bronx in the mid seventies. At its inception hiphop was nothing far more then a good way to show your feelings on the platform that would be observed throughout the region and in some cases the full entire world. Hiphop regardless of through an hostile preconception had not been terrifying mainly because it was mainly viewed as a lot of young adults having fun and articulating themselves. When it weren't to the songs and also the movements known as rap, an entire decades experiencing and beliefs could have approved by without having to be noticed. Whilst hip hop for the most part was positive, enlightening and personal empowering about the east coast there was a lot of youths on the west coastline who also felt their struggles and landscapes must be depicted. San Diego
- It wasn't too much time back that rap.
While the message they were relaying on the to the west shoreline was not the one that was optimistic by any means it match the mildew of hip hop within the perception which it was nonetheless a form of personal expression. Both the pioneers of hip hop in the western side coastline had been a rapper by the name of An ice pack-T and a class known as NWA! Their variation of hip hop was remarkably coarse and vulgar however they demonstrated no remorse because of it. The purpose they attempted to prove was that rap significantly like all other types of art is usually a representation of your atmosphere the artist lifestyles in. They professed that in case your daddy wasn't an element of your way of life along with your mother was totally hooked on medications your actuality would certainly differ then those of someone that originated from a greater atmosphere. outro
Shoreline was
What was after known as a calm movement experienced now became really threatening to people in power. Politicians and authorities sectors begun to battle to achieve the tunes drawn off of racks and the live shows of such debatable designer canceled. At this point over time in the us, gang abuse and authorities brutality were a serious multimedia problem. Rap artist began to generate brutal audio contacting for that eliminating of cops and discussed taking pictures other's who we're not a part of their particular gang. Hiphop since we recognized it had undertaken a severe transform and to make is important more serious the tunes which had been so dubious in the to the west coastline experienced now grow to be the most famous kind of rap. It could be known as "Gangsta Rap" because of the fact those who done it were actually in either a gang, affiliated with gangs or rapped about gangs. LA rapper
To DC pick your head up
Although many people aren't followers with this facet of rap it doesn't alter the truth that this songs is here now to stay. We have to face the point that not simply was rap developed to permit everyone to speech their viewpoints (irrespective of how crude or brutal they can be) but United states also made independence of conversation for this particular precise purpose. Whether or not you look at gangster rap as detrimental or additional to the rap activity the truth is the document sales say all of it. I grind
This facet of rap it doesn't alter
- Though many of us aren't followers.
- Although the meaning they were relaying around the west.
- What was as soon as known as the.
- chilling in Chinatown.


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Regular price £8.00
Animal prints are a great addition to a child's bedroom or nursery decor. This print looks great in a safari, jungle, or zoo animal themed room. A hippopotamus illustration makes a great gift for a little one.
- Signed giclée print.
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See my sizing guide for more details.
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- UK: Standard 2-3 Day Delivery = FREE
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Note: Delivery estimates are calculated using working days (Mon- Fri).
- A5 prints are packaged in a protective sleeve inside a stiff card backed envelope with added card inserts.
- A4 prints include a mount and backing board, which are shipped in a protective sleeve and shipped flat inside a stiff card backed envelope.
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- Return or exchange any product (excluding personalised items) for a full refund within 28 days of receiving your order.
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- Faulty or damaged products will be replaced or refunded. Let me know within 7 days of receipt.
- Please contact me first to discuss a return.
- Rarely, parcels are lost. I will replace or refund your order after consulting with the courier.
Read my full Returns Policy and FAQs.


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Program Description and Objectives:
This initiative is designed to promote, foster and acknowledge diverse student leadership, and their ability to inspire, motivate and influence others on campus and beyond. The program meets the mission of the University by providing
- Strong skills in communication, problem solving and critical thinking.
- Opportunities for experiential, cooperative and field experiences.
- A strong sense of commitment to public service.
The program enhances students' basic understanding of the skills necessary to be an effective leader. Some of these skills include civility, ethics, communication, compassion, team and community building, creative problem solving, goal setting, conflict management, financial awareness required for the management of budgets, resiliency, adaptability, transparency, and accountability. Our goal is to help develop a core of future leaders.
The Hancock Student Leadership Program provides students with a monetary award and a highly placed leadership shadowing field experience with community leaders.
Eligibility Requirements:
- WCSU full-time undergraduates with leadership experience
- with a 3.2 GPA or better
- with a minimum of 45 or maximum of 90 credits
- and who submit application materials by Monday, February 26, 2018 by 4:00 p.m.


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We originally began as a blog called ThreeCount.co.uk in September 2015 – focusing largely on television and film news. This expanded quickly however and in January 2016 we launched ScreenCritics.co.uk. ScreenCritics was a phenomenal success and in its four months of existence, drew an audience of over 120,000 viewers from over 20 different countries. The website was featured on numerous media outlets, such as IGN, Business Insider and the BBC. The decision was made in June 2016 to refocus the website for all audiences – removing the UK focus and granting the website a renewed sense of direction – this is where ScreenGurus was born.
ScreenGurus aims to grow into a media outlet that people respect. You may not agree with us, the opinions posted or the decisions we make; but the website is ours and we answer to no organisation. Our opinions aren't bought nor are influenced by the need for financial gain.
We explore all aspects of the movie industry, video games, television and the wrestling industry.


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Cheat Sheet
Psychology For Dummies Cheat Sheet
The main question that fuels psychology is "Why do people do what they do?" Psychology basically attempts to uncover what people do along with why and how they do it. Studying everyday behavior and mental processes are the focus of psychology much of the time. But sometimes the stresses of life can seem overwhelming, and in those cases people need help right away.
What to Do in a Psychological Crisis
When someone is in a state of panic or extremely angry about something, it's useful to have some basic ideas of how to help. You can use psychological first aid — a form of crisis intervention that consists of five easy steps.
Connect: Make psychological contact with the person in crisis.
Make eye contact and communicate a sense of caring. Use a calm voice. If you think the person may be dangerous, keep a safe distance and use non-threatening, nonverbal behavior. (Don't point at them or cross your arms, for example.)
Explore: Find out the who, what, when, why, where, and how of their current crisis.
Seek solutions: Help the individual generate his or her own solutions; only suggest solutions if he or she can't come up with anything.
Take action: Assist the person in taking action based on the agreed-upon solution.
Follow up: Agree to a time or a place in the near future that you will check on the person to see if the crisis was resolved or if he or she needs further assistance.
If someone you know is in crisis, these steps should help. However, they're not intended to take the place of a competent mental health or emergency services professional. If you feel like you're in over your head in a situation, do not hesitate to contact your local crisis hotline, which you can find in your local phone book, or call 1-800-352-3301, the number for College Hospital. Especially if you notice any of the following suicide warning signs:
Suicide notes
Direct threats
Giving personal belongings away
Talking about or preoccupied with death
Social isolation
Abrupt changes in appearance, risk-taking behavior, activities, or weight
Severe depression
Extreme apathy (acting like he or she doesn't care)
Feeling helpless or beyond help
Effective Ways to Cope with Stress
Stress is a constant in everyone's life. Nobody is immune from stress-inducing events and situations. Here are few tips for dealing with stress in your life:
Accept responsibility: Take charge of your own part in things instead of focusing on the activities or involvement of others.
Analyze the situation logically: Try looking at a situation less emotionally and more logically.
Gather information: The more we know, the better we're able to cope. Find out as much as you can about your situation and what can be done about it.
Reappraise or reframe the situation: Look at a situation from a different perspective and try to see the positive side of things.
Seek guidance and support: Ask for help from someone you respect or, if you're more comfortable doing so, from a mental health professional.
Use problem-solving skills: Come up with alternatives, select one, try it, and reevaluate the outcomes.
Professionals in the Mental Health Field
When you need psychological help, you have a few choices — and remembering who they all are and what they do can be confusing. The following table summarizes the differences in training and focus for psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and other mental health professionals:
|Professional Title
|Qualifications and Specialties
|Possesses a doctoral degree in psychology. Licensed by the
state in which he or she practices. Specializes in psychological
treatment of mental disorders, psychological assessment and
testing, and related consultation.
If you or someone you care about is experiencing any symptoms of
mental illness (depressed mood, bizarre behavior, disordered
speech), consider a visit to a local psychologist.
|Possesses a medical degree. Licensed to practice medicine in
his or her respective state. Specializes in the treatment of mental
disorders from a biological perspective with the use of
medications. Some psychiatrists conduct psychotherapy, but
it's not their typical focus.
If you or someone you care about is experiencing any symptoms of
mental illness (depressed mood, bizarre behavior, disordered
speech), consider a visit to a local psychiatrist.
|Social worker
|Typically possesses a master's degree. Licensed as a
clinical social worker or a psychiatric social worker in his or her
state. Specializes in issues of social welfare and assisting
individuals with problematic social circumstances and
relationships, such as domestic violence or child abuse. Social
workers also conduct therapy and counseling for groups and
Someone should consider visiting a social worker if he or she is
having problems living with his or her financial situation and
needs help finding and accessing resources.
|Other professionals
|Other mental health or affiliated professionals include drug
counselors, marriage and family therapists, pastoral counselors,
school counselors, and school psychologists.
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