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2006 Infiniti G35
$5,400Plus 10,3% TaxSold
2006 Infiniti G35 2 door coupe for sale.
It's 3.5L, 6cyl, timing chain driven engine with automatic transmission. Has power windows and door locks, power mirrors, sunroof, power/tilt/telescopic steering, A/C and cruise control. Beige leather interior. Electrically adjustable, front heated seats. Comes with factory built in Navigation, AM/FM Radio/CD/MP3 Player, USB, AUX and Bluetooth connectivity. ABS and Traction control equipped. Alloy rims and good tires. Good brakes all around.
Has only 130,496 original miles and Washington Rebuilt Title. VIN: JNKCV54E86M715187.
Priced at $5400. Please call or text whenever (253) 709-3138. Thank you.
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Airbags
- Air Conditioning
- Alarm System
- Anti-theft Protection
- Audio Interface
- Automatic Climate Control
- Automatic Headlights
- Bi-Xenon Headlights
- Bluetooth® Handset
- CDR Audio
- Cruise Control
- Leather Package
- Navigation Module
- ParkAssist
- Reversing Camera
- Seat Heating
- Seat Ventilation
- Wind Deflector
|Front head room
|40 "
|Rear head room
|38 "
|Front shoulder room
|56 "
|Rear shoulder room
|56 "
|Front hip room
|52 "
|Rear hip room
|54 "
|Front leg room
|43.6 "
|Rear leg room
|33.6 "
|Luggage capacity
|14.8 Cu.Ft.
|Maximum cargo capacity
|14.8 Cu.Ft.
|Standard seating
|186.5 "
|Body width
|69.0 "
|Body height
|57.7 "
|112.2 "
|Ground clearance
|5.5 "
|3,449 Lbs.
|Gross weight
|4,500 Lbs.
|Fuel tank capacity
|20.0 Gal.
|EPA mileage estimates
|18 City / 25 Hwy
|Base engine size
|3.5 Liters
|Base engine type
|280 Hp
|Horsepower rpm
|270 Lb-Ft.
|Torque rpm
|Maximum towing capacity
|1,000 Lbs.
|Drive type
|Turning radius
|18.0 ''
The Infiniti G35 offers the sporty handling of a rear-wheel-drive car and boasts one of the best V6 engines available today. The G35 comes in sedan and coupe variants. Either way, it's clear the G35 is intended for serious driving enthusiasts, with rear-wheel drive, a sports suspension, an available six-speed manual gearbox, and nearly 300 horsepower.
Yet these are practical cars, as well. The G35 sedan offers more interior space than other near-luxury sedans. Its daring design, with stacked headlamps, catamaran fenders, and short overhangs, gives it a unique look we find appealing. The G35 costs less than a comparable BMW or Mercedes, but it gives up nothing in handling and performance. Infiniti substantially improved the G35 for 2005, with richer interior materials, more horsepower, bigger brakes, and a more refined ride.
The G35 coupe is more than just a two-door version of the sedan. It's a fastback GT with a visual character all its own. Mechanically, the G35 coupe is essentially a longer-wheelbase, more luxurious version of the Nissan 350Z. But the G35 coupe has a separate trunk instead of a hatchback like the Z, and it has a rear seat that can transport smaller members of the family. In short, it's more practical than the Z. For 2006, the G35 coupe gets some minor styling revisions.
New for 2006 is optional Rear Active Steer for the G35 coupe, which quickens the steering ratio and uses a computer and electric motor to continuously adjust rear suspension geometry. Several option packages have been upgraded for 2006: Premium packages now include a Bluetooth hands-free phone system. Projector-beam bi-xenon headlights are now standard on the coupe. Automatic coupes with the Sport Suspension Package now wear the same aero package as manual-transmission versions.
All-wheel drive is available for the G35x.
The Infiniti G35 comes in two body styles: a four-door sedan and a two-door coupe. Each offers a choice of five-speed automatic or six-speed manual transmission. All models are powered by a 3.5-liter V6 engine. In both the coupe and sedan, it's rated at 280 horsepower with the automatic and 298 horsepower with the manual.
Leather upholstery is standard, along with automatic climate control, power-adjustable heated front seats, heated power mirrors, a 120-watt AM/FM/CD stereo with RDS, steering wheel audio controls, illuminated visor vanity mirrors and high-intensity discharge (HID) xenon headlamps.
The G35 sedan 6MT ($31,050) features the six-speed manual transmission, a firmer, sport-tuned suspension, viscous limited slip differential and W-rated tires on 18-inch alloy wheels.
The G35 sedan automatic ($31,300) comes with a softer suspension and narrower V-rated tires on 17-inch wheels.
The G35x AWD ($33,100) adds ATTESA E-TS (Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All Electronic Torque Split) all-wheel drive, but is otherwise equipped exactly like the automatic sedan.
The G35 coupe automatic ($32,750) and coupe 6MT ($33,350) are equipped identically to the sedans with corresponding transmissions, except that the sport suspension on the manual-transmission coupe includes 19-inch wheels.
G35 automatics can be equipped with the sport-tuned suspension from the manual-transmission models ($750 sedan, $1,600 coupe). Coupes with this Sport Package also receive the same front bumper fascia, side sills, and rear spoiler as manual-transmission models.
Options include a glass sunroof ($1,000), a rosewood interior trim package ($250), Sirius or XM satellite radio receiver ($400), a DVD-based navigation system ($2,000), and an Aero Package ($550) that adds a rear spoiler and under-bumper fairing on G35s with the sport suspension (not available on the G35x).
Premium Packages for the sedan ($3,150-$3,500) and coupe ($2,450) add the glass sunroof, premium Bose audio with eight speakers, automatic headlights, a HomeLink transmitter, dual-zone temperature control, Bluetooth hands-free phone system, and other convenience features.
Safety features include dual-stage front air bags, curtain airbags designed to provide head protection for front and rear outboard passengers, and front-seat side-impact airbags designed to provide thorax protection. Also standard: active head restraints, seat belts with pre-tensioners and load limiters, LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren), and a tire-pressure monitoring system.
Active safety features include an electronic stability program (VDC) to help keep you from skidding off the road, antilock brakes (ABS) for maintaining steering control in an emergency stopping situation, electronic brake-force distribution (EBD) for shorter stopping distances and more stable braking, and Brake Assist to maintain full braking force in an emergency stop, even if you accidentally relax brake pedal pressure. All-wheel drive further enhances safety on the G35x AWD.
The G35 gets revised styling for 2006, but the changes are subtle. You'd almost have to park an '06 next to an '05 to see that the tail lights are different, with the white reverse lenses more subtly integrated. And projector-beam headlights are now standard up front.
The styling of the G35 sedan was freshened for 2005 with new headlights, revised tail lamps, new bumpers, and an aluminum hood and trunk lid. In the front valance, air intake ports were enlarged. The changes were subtle, but give the G35 sedan a more substantial look and emphasize its resemblance to the G35 coupe. From the front, it looks sportier, more upscale, more expensive. From the rear, it looks tidier and classier.
Coupe or sedan, the G35 grabs your attention with its stacked, vertically oriented headlamps. Fog lamps are integrated into the complex headlamp cluster, adding to its aggressive appearance. The raised front fenders were inspired by a catamaran, and look great from both outside and inside the car. Those fenders also manage airflow by reducing spillage off the sides of the hood. The short rear deck ends in a crisp crease.
Aerodynamics played a strong role in the design, especially underneath the car. Extensive use of diffusers and deflectors helps the G35 achieve 0 degrees of front lift, reducing drag and wind noise at high speeds and contributing to stability. With the optional rear spoiler, 0 degrees of rear lift is achieved. While front-drive sedans use rear spoilers for decoration, the rear-drive G35 benefits, particularly in a wet, high-speed turn. The G35 sedan has an exceptional coefficient of drag of just 0.27 for reduced wind noise and increased fuel economy.
The G35 coupe shares visual elements with the sedan, as well as its 112-inch wheelbase. Yet the coupe is shorter overall than the sedan (182.2 inches versus 186.5), wider (71.5 inches versus 69.0), and lower (54.8 inches versus 57.7). And while the coupe has a lot in common with Nissan's 350Z, the two differ in several important ways. The G35's wheelbase is 8 inches longer than the Z's, and the G35 is nearly 17 inches longer overall. While the Z is a hatchback, the G35 coupe has a separate trunk. And while the Z has no rear seat, the G35 coupe is a two-plus-two, providing tight accommodations for back-seat passengers.
The G35 sedan and coupe share the same rear-wheel-drive mechanical platform as the Nissan 350Z sports car and the Infiniti FX35 and FX45 crossover luxury/utilities. This platform was specifically designed for mounting a V6 longitudinally behind the front axle in the so-called front-mid-ship position. (Front-wheel-drive sedans typically mount their engines sideways, in front of the front axle.) Moving the engine rearward improves the balance of the car, and is key to the G35's excellent handling. Rear-wheel drive is preferred by performance driving enthusiasts for its purer steering response and its inherent capability to turn the car using the gas pedal.
A long wheelbase (112 inches between front and rear wheels) contributes to the G35's stability, especially at high speeds. A wide track (the distance between the left and right wheels) adds to its stability in corners. Short front and rear overhangs, a hallmark of the widely heralded BMW 3 Series, improve handling by moving more weight rearward.
These design elements help the G35 lead the near-luxury class in interior room and trunk volume. The location of the G35's compact V6 also allows for a low, aggressive hood line, which flows into the sharply angled windshield and contributes to the G35's sporty, powerful silhouette.
From a functional standpoint, we prefer the exterior door handles on the coupe over those on the sedan, which aren't as easy to operate.
The Infiniti G35 is roomy and comfortable, and the sedan boasts a roomy back seat and a big trunk. The G35's interior was improved for 2005, offering a higher quality look and feel, along with a redesigned instrument panel and console area.
We found good headroom for a 6-foot 3-inch driver even with the optional sunroof, along with ample leg, shoulder and hip room. The interior is designed around the driver and succeeds in this regard. Luxury features abound. The interior is nicely laid out and, for the most part, offers sound ergonomics and easy of operation.
The steering column tilts and telescopes. The instrument pod moves when adjusting the tilt of the steering column, improving gauge visibility for drivers of all heights. Infiniti's steering wheel is not a thing of beauty, but features nicely designed cruise controls and audio controls, including a power button for the audio, convenient when you want immediate silence.
The gauge cluster is legible and are brightly illuminated during the day. Infiniti's trademark analog clock graces the dash. A thin panel on top of the dash houses digital readouts for compass and climate settings.
The audio system is not particularly attractive and looks downscale for this car. Ergonomically, it's a disaster, with buttons scattered around on the unit and on the surrounding silver dash panel, so you have to look at it and search for the button you want to press. At least stations can be set up by holding one of the preset buttons down. The CD changer has the capability to play MP3 encoded discs, and the optional Bose stereo sounds great with crisp bass and highs. Volume automatically adjusts for speed.
The climate controls are mounted high on the center stack; like the stereo controls, the switches were improved for 2005 for ease of operation and aesthetics.
Seats for the driver and passenger are designed differently: In the driver's seat, a center mound of high-damping urethane foam, backed by a special spring design, provides support for sporty driving. The front passenger's seat has a flatter lower cushion and is shaped to allow a more relaxed posture. The controls for the power driver's seat are located on the right side of the seat and are a bit awkward; the manual adjustment for rake is on the left. Opt for the sedan's Premium Package, and a two-person memory function means that you won't have to use the controls as often.
The sedan's rear seats are comfortable for a 5-foot 10-inch passenger, with plenty of leg, hip, shoulder and headroom, although knee room is limited when the driver's seat is set all the way back to accommodate a 6-foot 3-inch driver. Hidden front seat rails widen foot room for back-seat passengers. With the Premium Package, rear air conditioning vents help keep back-seat riders comfortable. The rear seat itself is contoured to resemble two wide bucket seats. With the Premium Package, the sedan's rear seats can be reclined.
Storage inside the car is limited. Two glove boxes are provided, but both are small, and the optional DVD navigation system ($2,000) fills the top one. A handy storage compartment on the top of the center dash offers room for wallets and such, but the navigation system replaces it with a clever pop-up display. Center console storage is partly taken up by a power plug that's handy for cell phones. Overhead are nice map lights and a sunglasses holder.
HomeLink is available to open gates and garage doors and turn on the house lights. Visor extensions help keep the sun out of your eyes. Interior door handles are easy to grab and the doors close with a nice thunk. The optional sunroof features one-touch open and close. It's not immediately obvious whether the doors are locked, however, something we've noticed on other Infiniti and Nissan products.
The sedan's trunk leads the class with 14.8 cubic feet of storage. A large pass-through in the center armrest acc.
The Infiniti G35 is a true sports machine. Like all of the world's greatest sports sedans, the G35 uses rear-wheel drive. Rear-wheel drive generally delivers sportier handling than front-wheel drive.
The 3.5-liter V6 is rated at 298 horsepower and 260 pound-feet of torque when ordered with the six-speed manual transmission or 280 horsepower and 270 pound-feet of torque when ordered with the five-speed automatic.
The G35 feels stable at high speeds and around fast sweepers. The driver feels well connected to the road. On winding roads, the G35 rewards the driver with quick, precise steering that offers good feedback. Drive it harder and it responds beautifully. It never surprises the driver with errant behavior, yet its chassis can be rotated or steered with the throttle through corners.
The available sports suspension includes special shocks and springs and P225/45WR18 summer tires. The G35 rides nicely with this setup, comfortable but firm. There's a bit of wind noise at 70 mph.
The G35 doesn't offer the razor-sharp response of a BMW, and the rear end bobs a bit in fast, sweeping turns, especially when the pavement is bumpy, but the Infiniti is clearly one of the best sports sedans in the class, offering better handling than any of the front-drive cars. The G35's long wheelbase, low center of gravity, aerodynamic downforce, and lightweight suspension are all designed to keep its tires on the road where they can generate maximum grip.
For its part, the G35 coupe is supremely stable and offers great handling. It's precise, like a BMW, and firm, but has a nice ride. It feels like a high-performance sports car, not a sports-luxury car like the Lexus SC 430. It jiggles on highway undulations, for example. Overall, it's a great balance. You feel connected to the road in the G35. It can be driven precisely at high speeds. It's very stable, perhaps more so than the Z.
We haven't tried the available Rear Active Steer system, but Infiniti claims it improves handling by adjusting the rear suspension geometry according to steering input and vehicle speed. The system's electronic control unit calculates the desired vehicle dynamics from a series of inputs, including vehicle speed and steering angle, and directs an actuator motor to move both rear suspension lower links. With the Rear Active Steer option, you also get a slightly faster steering ratio (15.1:1 vs. 15.9:1), and the variable-assist servo tracks vehicle speed instead of engine speed.
The G35x all-wheel-drive sedan employs a system Infiniti calls ATTESA E-TS, for Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All Electronic Torque Split. That alphabetic mouthful means that a computer controls an active center differential for smoother starts, better fuel economy, and better traction and maneuverability in snow. Most of the time, the system sends 100 percent of the driving torque to the rear wheels, so the G35x handles like a rear-wheel-drive sedan. (Many all-wheel-drive sedans are based on a front-drive system that biases more torque to the front.) Nissan's system will divert up to 50 percent of the power to the front wheels if it senses that the rear wheels are slipping. A Snow mode, selected by a button on the console, locks torque distribution at 50/50 front/rear, and reduces the sensitivity of the drive-by-wire throttle. This is the same all-wheel-drive system used in the Infiniti FX luxury crossover SUVs.
The G35's V6 produces a unique and sporty sound. There's lots of low-rpm torque, which makes the G35 feel responsive around town. Stand on the gas and it delivers brilliant acceleration performance.
Shifting the manual gearbox is direct and precise, though it requires some deliberate attention. It doesn't feel as light as an Acura gearbox, and the clutch pedal is relatively firm, which makes it more challenging to drive smoothly.
The five-speed automatic transmission is super-smooth in normal.
The Infiniti G35 sedan is one of the quickest, best handling cars in its class. It's a compelling choice for drivers who want the performance and handling of a true sports sedan for thousands less than the European benchmark cars. The G35 is also comfortable and practical, with a roomy back seat, a big trunk, and the trappings of a luxury car. The G35x adds the stability of all-wheel drive, making it an alternative to the Audi A4 quattro. The Infiniti G35 coupe is a true sports car. It's more luxurious, roomier and more practical than the Nissan 350Z, with a rear seat and more usable storage space.
|Body Style:
|5-Speed Automatic
|Exterior Color:
|Rhodium Silver Metallic
|Interior Color:
|Platinum Grey
|18 City / 25 Highway
|Stock Number:
|VIN Number:
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Of particular interest was the New England Patriots. They had two starters out with injuries and their star receiver, Randy Moss, was questionable for the game. New England was playing against the NY Jets and their simmering rivalry add heat to the fire. Many of the sportscasters were lining up with the Jets and Vegas was favoring the Jets with a 6 point line at home.
When betting opened for the game the action on the Patriots was heavy. The shear volume of bets place on New England to win forced the sportsbooks to move the spread in an attempt to equalize betting on both sides. Eventually the line moved all of the way to New England being a seven point favorite by game time. New England went on to win the game 38 to 14, easily covering the spread. This is one example where the collective intelligence of the NFL fans was confident that New England would win even when the "experts" thought otherwise.
We recently released a paper examining this phenomenon entitled The Performance of Betting Lines for Predicting the Outcome of NFL Games. A copy can be found on arXiv. In this paper we investigated the performance of the collective intelligence of NFL fans predicting the outcome of NFL games using the Vegas betting lines.
-- Greg Szalkowski

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Meta tags are a great way for webmasters to provide search engines with information about their sites. Meta tags can be used to provide information to all sorts of clients, and each system processes only the meta tags they understand and ignores the rest. Meta tags are added to the <head> section of your HTML page and generally look like this:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
<META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Author: A.N. Author, Illustrator: P. Picture,
Category: Books, Price: £9.24, Length: 784 pages">
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1″>
<META NAME="google-site-verification" CONTENT="+nxGUDJ4QpAZ5l9Bsjdi102tLVC21AIh5d1Nl23908vVuFHs34="/>
<title>Example Books – high-quality used books for children</title>
<META NAME="robots" CONTENT="noindex,nofollow">
Google understands the following meta tags (and related items):
<meta name="description" content="A description of the page" />
|This tag provides a short description of the page. In some situations this description is used as a part of the snippet shown in the search results. More information
<title>The Title of the Page</title>
|While technically not a meta tag, this tag is often used together with the "description". The contents of this tag are generally shown as the title in search results (and of course in the user's browser). More information
<meta name="robots" content="..., ..." />
|These meta tags can control the behavior of search engine crawling and indexing. Therobots meta tag applies to all search engines, while the "googlebot" meta tag is specific to Google. The default values are "index, follow" (the same as "all") and do not need to be specified. We understand the following values (when specifying multiple values, separate them with a comma):
You can now also specify this information in the header of your pages using the "X-Robots-Tag" HTTP header directive. This is particularly useful if you wish to limit indexing of non-HTML files like graphics or other kinds of documents. More information about robots.txt
<meta name="google" content="notranslate" />
|When we recognize that the contents of a page are not in the language that the user is likely to want to read, we often provide a link to a translation in the search results. In general, this gives you the chance to provide your unique and compelling content to a much larger group of users. However, there may be situations where this is not desired. This meta tag tells Google that you don't want us to provide a translation for this page.
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="..." />
|You can use this tag on the top-level page of your site to verify ownership for Webmaster Tools. Please note that while the values of the "name" and "content" attributes must match exactly what is provided to you (including upper and lower case), it doesn't matter if you change the tag from XHTML to HTML or if the format of the tag matches the format of your page. More information
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="...; charset=..." />
|This meta tag defines the page's content type and character set. Make sure that you surround the value of the content attribute with quotes – otherwise the charset attribute may be interpreted incorrectly. More information
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="...;url=..." />
|This meta tag sends the user to a new URL after a certain amount of time, and is sometimes used as a simple form of redirection. However, it is not supported by all browsers and can be confusing to the user. The W3C recommends that this tag not be used. We recommend using a server-side 301 redirect instead.
Other points to note:
- Google can read both HTML and XHTML-style meta tags, regardless of the code used on the page.
- With the exception of
verify, case is generally not important in meta tags.
This is not an exclusive list of available meta tags, and you should feel free to use unlisted meta tags if they are important to your site. Just remember that Google will ignore meta tags it doesn't know.


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About Us
TTBOOK is a nationally-syndicated radio show that cracks open the world and the ideas that fuel its engine. We usually produce two hours a week, each revolving around a theme. Some themes are big, like: Are Humans Innately Good? Others go micro, like Revenge of the Nerds. Once we pick the theme, we dig in with interviews that explore the culture, the debate, the stories, the science and the actual sound of it all. And hopefully, when we're done, we've animated the questions along with the answers.
Click here to contact us.
- EXTRAORDINARY PEOPLE are at the heart of TTBOOK. Novelists and poets, scientists and software designers, theologians and physicists, composers and filmmakers, historians, naturalists, journalists.... they're people who are shaping our culture, changing our ideas, re-thinking our world.
- CREATIVE CONVERSATION is one of the most compelling forces we know. Sometimes we think of TTBOOK as a radio dinner party, where the guests are witty, engaging people full of original ideas. We're hosting the party, so our job is to help everyone shine. Connections get made, ideas hatched, imagination sparked. And you? You're the guest of honor. In fact, the whole party is for you.
- THEMES give each hour a focus and our guests a reason to be there. A good theme is a conversation starter: is the Internet making us stupid? Are humans innately good? What's the best road trip you ever took?
- THE MIX of interviews in each hour is something we think about a lot. It's a bit like designing a menu for that dinner party. Each producer goes about it a little differently. Regular listeners to TTBOOK can often identify the producer of an hour through its sound and content. If an hour is about post-modern art or pop culture, Doug Gordon probably produced it. Science and religion? That's Steve Paulson's trademark. Contemporary fiction? Anne and Veronica trade the latest novels back and forth. Incidentally, we don't know any other radio show that gives each producer a full hour, but it's one reason TTBOOK hours are like mini-docs in interview form. There's an underlying design, a subtle narrative woven into each hour – which is also why they stand up to repeat listening.
- BIG IDEAS. There are some things TTBOOK is not. It is emphatically not part of the 24/7 news cycle that dominates so much of the media. There are plenty of wonderful news shows out there and we are personally addicted to many of them. But that's not what we do. We look for guests who can give us a deeper perspective on the world we're living in. We like being hauled back from the day's headlines to think about the long sweep of history that led to this moment in time. We like grappling with perennial questions. Is it too much to ask that a radio show provide the occasional kernel of wisdom or nugget of inspiration as a complement, or even antidote, to the week's news?
- OPEN IT UP. You know that feeling when a conversation suddenly comes alive? Something opens up – an idea, a personal connection – and suddenly, your world feels a little bigger, more full of possibility. We try hard to get to that place in interviews. If we believe anything, it's that cultivating a spirit of open-mindedness and curiosity really can change the world.
- OPEN MINDS, OPEN ARCHIVES. Over the years, we've accumulated a treasure trove of interviews with extraordinary people. Now, we've opened our archives up to you. Please plunder and explore, listen and share. Assemble your own playlist, re-mix and re-mash. We've broken our shows up so you can listen to individual interviews, email and share them with friends and family. Use them to open up new conversations of your own.


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McAfee AntiVirus Plus 1 Year 1 PC
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text:
Boxer suspended after officials watch video
An Iowa boxer has been suspended indefinitely in North Dakota after allegedly taking a dive while boxing a former Minnesota Vikings football player in West Fargo.
Combative Sports Commissioner Al Jaeger said a video review of the fight between Nicholas Capes and a much larger Ray Edwards clearly shows Capes was not hit before he dropped to the canvas.
Officials are continuing to investigate.
Event promoter Cory Rapacz says Capes was a last-minute replacement for a couple of no-show boxers and didn't realize what he was getting into before he got into the ring with Edwards, a former Vikings defensive end.
He says officials expected Capes to try but says the backlash against Capes is unfair.
A telephone listing for Capes in Cedar Falls, Iowa, could not immediately be found.


text:
Journal of the Central Texas Conference, Fifth Annual Session, Methodist Episcopal Church, South
Description: Journal proceedings of Central Texas Conference include a list of members, committees, condensed minutes of the proceedings, reports of boards and committees, appointments, memoirs, statistical tables, and advertisements. Indexes to the journal and advertisements on page 109.
Date: November 1914
Creator: Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
Partner: Archives of the Central Texas Conference United Methodist Church


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A second person has died following the collapse of a stage under construction for Madonna's upcoming concerts in Marseilles, France.
A 53-year-old French man died Thursday following the accident, in which a crane collapsed while raising a steel truss. The second fatality was a 32-year-old British citizen, but no other details were known, according to CNN.
A third person was in critical condition, said Alexandre Lanzalavi, a spokesman for Marseille Hospital. Two other people were in hospital and required surgery, and seven others were treated and released, Lanzalavi said.
Madonna, who was in Italy when the accident occurred, said Thursday that she was "devastated" to hear about the death.
"My prayers go out to those who were injured and their families, along with my deepest sympathy to all those affected by this heartbreaking news," Madonna said in a statement issued by her representative, Liz Rosenberg.
At least one Madonna show had been canceled, Rosenberg told CNN.
Madonna was to play the first of five concerts for her "Sticky and Sweet" tour at the 60,000-seat Stade Velodrome on Sunday.


text: This line is crafted from full-grain calfskin leather whose grain has been treated and milled to make it more supple, uniform and soft. This type of finish also ensures that the leather is more resistant to scratches and knocks, while extending its colour fastness over time. With contrasting detailing such as original colourful interiors, this line features several different models, including bucket, tote, clutch and crossbody bags, amongst others.


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Wednesday 9th January 2013
|Text too small?
French liquor giant Pernod Ricard's local unit widened its annual loss after writing down the value of assets and investments by some $119 million and as falling sales and higher costs flattened its margins.
The New Zealand holding company, Millstream Equities, reported a loss of $182.4 million in the 12 months ended June 30, according to financial statements lodged with the Companies Office. That's up from a loss of $105.3 million a year earlier when it booked a $99 million loss on the sale of local assets including the Lindaeur brand. The liquor company wrote down assets by $19 million and booked a $100 million impairment charge on goodwill in the latest year.
Gross profit almost halved to $39.4 million on an 8.7 percent fall in sales to $235.9 million as costs were bolstered by underutilised wineries and poor weather lowered production.
Last year Pernod Ricard closed its Hawkes Bay Winery in Napier and shifted those operations to the Church Road winery down the road. The move was part of a decision to exit "non-strategic" vineyards and led to a $6 million impairment charge on the company's biological assets.
The global parent injected $715.4 million of new capital during the year, almost doubling the shares on issue and keeping the company's equity positive at the balance date.
The liquor company took a $24.1 million provision for legal claims in the period. Pernod Ricard is one of several companies fighting the Inland Revenue Department over its use of mandatory convertible notes - a hybrid security with characteristics of debt and equity.
The tax department alleges the securities, which let companies juggle debt and equity to provide a tax advantage, were used simply as a means to minimise tax.
"The company and group will continue to dispute the proposed adjustments," the statements said.
Pernod Ricard also flagged a dispute over the sale of Lindaeur and associated assets in 2010. The company said it received a High Court judgment in its favour after the June 30 balance date, which has since been appealed by Lion Nathan subsidiary, Lion - Beer Spirits & Wine (NZ).
The liquor company didn't disclose what the dispute was over citing commercial sensitivity, but didn't think it "probable that an outflow of resources will be required."
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"One time, I saw Messi play live too, against Venezuela. I was so happy! It ' s incredible how I ' ve met all these great players, " Bayan tells Goal Ghana during an interview. "Especially with Riquelme(club captain of Boca), there ' s this myth here that he ' s very snobbish and hardly relates with anyone. So everyone is quite surprised how we get along so well. He advises me a lot too. "I ' m very happy. Boca is one of the biggest teams in the world. Playing in Boca Juniors is a big deal here in Argentina. I ' m very happy and proud of myself. "You can ' t begrudge this talented attacking midfielder - turned - right full back for being this happy and fulfilled. One can ' t possibly imagine what he went through to be where he is. His past. His difficult, but inspiring past. Bayan was born in Accra, spending his formative years in the modest suburb of Awoshie. He moved with his family – father(former footballer), mother(housewife) and a senior brother one and a half years older than him - to Bawku, a town in the Northern region of Ghana. It was there that his life took a terrible twist. The famous violent conflict between the Mamprusi and Kusasi tribe led to the killing of both his parents when he was barely 11, in 2005. "We had returned home one day only to find them dead. My brother was the one who saw everything, " he painfully recalls. "I don ' t even know how to properly explain it. I don ' t want to remember it. " Tears well up in his eyes as he recalls the ordeal.
At times I remember those days I lived on the streets back in Cape Coast, hustling and suffering, and ' Oh God, thank you so much '. It wasn ' t easy. I did all that to survive.-Bayan Mahmud
He and his brother had to live in an orphanage. His life had changed drastically, and he became desperate to escape from the darkness of what had happened to him. He began living on the edge, looking for every opportunity to flee the north. He eventually got lucky in 2010, when a cargo truck driver was kind enough to give him a free ride to the Southern part of Ghana - Cape Coast to be precise. He left his brother, Muntala Mahmud, behind. He couldn ' t find him when leaving. Little did he know that would be the last time they would be in contact in a long while. Bayan was on a mission. He did not know exactly where it would take him, but he just wanted to go. To move far away. To forget. Most importantly, he had to escape. Escape from possibly suffering a similar fate like that of his parents. "I just wanted to go, to escape. To flee. I just wanted to go somewhere different and new. I had to beg a lot of people and ride on my luck. I knew I had to survive. " This drive resulted in him making friends in Cape Coast, who helped him get onto a ship as a stowaway. The risk involved was not a prospect that deterred him. He was scared of the possible repercussions of being caught, but he did not let his fear serve as an obstacle in his quest to leave the country. "I did not even know where the ship was going!" he remembers and forces a laugh. "I was afraid because of that. It was very dangerous. But I was determined. I hid in the ship with the hope of not being caught and hopefully, it taking me to Europe. I took some gari and water on board, but it all got finished. I had heard stories of how some people died on board. I was scared. But I wanted to survive, I knew I would. " The ship, contrary to Bayan ' s guess and wish, was not heading to Europe. It was headed for South America. Argentina. He eventually did get caught - but by a good samaritan. A crew member on board saw him and was kind enough to listen to his story and sympathise, eventually providing him with food and water and caring for him. Lady luck had smiled on the young boy. " He gave me everything, " he says gratefully. " I ' m sad I never really saw him again. He was a good man. " Bayan, with the assistance of the man, hid successfully on the ship for three weeks. " I remember he asked me, ' Do you know what you are doing; where you are going? You don't know anyone. You ' re a small boy. How will you even cope? ' " " I looked at him and said, ' So far as God is everywhere I will survive '. " "The ship docked at a certain place. I didn ' t know the place. But I got off, wandered around and met a family who offered to give me food. I slept at a station for three days. I hardly spoke. These kind people decided to put me on a bus to Buenos Aires because they wanted me to meet more blacks since they couldn ' t relate to me, " he remembers. " I was in luck. Getting off the bus, I met two Senegalese people, one of who spoke English, so they listened to my story and sent me to the immigration. I was then sent to a refugee shelter in Flores. "NEW LIFEAt this point, he knew a brand new life beckoned. A new beginning, a chance to overpower his dark past with a bright future. He began playing football in the town square, and his unique talents immediately shone. It was beautifully poetic. It was almost as if his life had been scripted meticulously, with the script writer knowing his football talent would finally become a definition of his potential and the avenue through which his inspiring trajectory would reach dizzying heights. He was discovered playing football by an enthusiast, Ruben Garcia, who was awed by what he saw. Garcia did not hesitate - he knew potential and he saw it in its purist form. He decided to send Bayan for trials with Boca, and Bayan didn ' t disappoint. " He ' s a very good man, and his family - his wife and two daughters - are like my family. I spend time with them most of the time, " he says. Boca were impressed with his raw quality and drive, and quickly took him in. Bayan passed the trials and was subsequently registered as a footballer with Boca, entitling him to accommodation in the club ' s facilities at Casa Amarilla. He ' s now on the books of the Under - 21s, awaiting a possible contract and a chance to become the first Ghanaian to play for one of the continent ' s most successful teams. He cites Andres Iniesta and Dani Alves as his role models and like the duo he has an incredible desire to be a success. Boca's youth team staff have recently praised his enormous talent, with head coach and legend Carlos Bianchi also impressed with his progress. "I've met him several times and we ' ve talked a lot. He likes me so much, " Bayan said of Bianchi, one of the most successful coaches in the world with a record four Copa Libertadores titles. Amidst all the drastic change of fortunes, Bayan missed his brother, and always wondered where he was, or what he could be doing, and how he was faring. He finally tracked him down, and had Mark Zuckerberg to thank for it after finding his sibling on Facebook. "I miss him a lot. We have been chatting thankfully. He's also playing football, " he said. " I ' m planning to come to Ghana by the end of the year to visit him, and my friends too. " Bayan's story has made him a superstar in Argentina. Many websites, newspapers, magazines, radio and television shows have featured him to share his incredible journey of realising his dreams against the odds. " A lot of them, " he says, smiling. " They all want to talk to me. Even to a point when I can hardly talk anymore. " And the girls can ' t get enough of him. Bayan ' s Twitter and Facebook pages have girls singing his praises and always wanting him to interact. He has got good looks and a good physique to match his admirable story. He laughs when I asked him. " They do worry me a lot. I ' ve even had to stop using my facebook pages because of that. But what can I do, I have to take care of the situation, " he laughs again. Bayan has no girlfriend, because - according to what he told Boca ' s official programme some months back - " it ' s now just football, football and football. " I know why I ' m here. I know where I ' m coming from, how I got here. I have to think about my future. I always say to them, ' You people were born here, you ' ve always been. Your parents are around. I have none of that '. " " If I say I want to concentrate on girls I ' ll stop playing football. I have to be very careful. You have to be serious everyday here. Training is very important and I have to give it the maximum focus. They(Boca) don ' t joke at all. "KEEPING EYES ON THE PRIZEThe sort of attention Bayan receives - the TV coverage, radio presence, magazine covers, social media fame, autographs and girls can easily distort his focus and hurt his ambition, and also make him a target of envy too. But he has his eyes firmly on the prize. He wants to finally walk through the tunnel of the iconic La Bombonera, to wild cheers from 49,000 fans. He knows that first team dream debut can only come with hard work, focus and prayers. Bayan does not joke with his praying time as a Muslim. He believes Allah saw him through his ordeal, and has granted him an opportunity to be great. He said: " I never miss my prayers. I never joke with it because I know that God is helping me. Bayan has come a long way. From orphaned street hustler to teenage footballing sensation within the space of eight years. He has met the right people along the way, and has endured remarkably. His experiences serve as a guide to him in his quest to reach the top. "Life has not been easy for me, " he reflects. "I've suffered a lot. I've been there before. Now look at me, I might not be okay, but my life has changed. "At times I remember those days I lived on the streets back in Cape Coast, hustling and suffering, and think ' Oh God, thank you so much '. It wasn ' t easy. I did all that to survive. When I got here too, within one year, I had had all my documents sorted. It's like I ' m living with luck. It follows me everywhere I go. And I believe it ' s the hand of God. " And then the big question. Ghana or Argentina? " Ghana, " he says. " I want to play for Ghana. Argentina has been good to me, it has given me all of this. But Ghana is my home, where I was born. " Bayan ' s parents will be proud of their little boy wherever they are.


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Home > Patients & Visitors > Health Library > Sensory and Motor Development, Ages 12 to 24 Months
Learning to walk is the defining athletic accomplishment for children between 12 and 24 months of age. Those first steps are possible because of changes taking place within the brain and the spinal cord. Coordination and muscle control advance as the brain grows and matures.
Most children start walking by 13 months of age. The usual range for starting to walk is any time between 9 and 15 months.
When your toddler reaches a developmental milestone, such as walking, it means he or she has mastered the physical and cognitive skills needed to advance to another skill. For example, about 6 months after your child has learned to walk with ease, he or she will likely be able to run. Most toddlers also learn the basics of climbing, kicking, and throwing.
Also during the second year, children gain more control and coordination over the many small muscles in their hands, fingers, and wrists. These fine-motor skills enable your child to begin drawing with crayons, eating with a spoon, and manipulating small items.
Current as of: December 12, 2018
Author: Healthwise StaffMedical Review: Susan C. Kim, MD - PediatricsKathleen Romito, MD - Family MedicineLouis Pellegrino, MD - Developmental Pediatrics
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Medical Review:Susan C. Kim, MD - Pediatrics & Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine & Louis Pellegrino, MD - Developmental Pediatrics
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Best of RWN Humor
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The Conference of the Parties
Expert group meetings and other inter-sessional meetings
Expanded programme of work
Noting that the elements for an expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity developed by the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice, as annexed to its recommendation VII/6, constitute a comprehensive set of goals, objectives and activities required for the conservation of forest biodiversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of forest genetic resources,
Underlining the sovereign rights and responsibilities of countries over their forests and the biodiversity within them;
The study should evaluate the link between the concepts in their application and the differences and similarities with a view to improve the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, taking an integrated approach, and in accordance with Article 8(j) and related provisions. The study should be reported to and provide recommendations to the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice for consideration as part of its work on the ecosystem approach and to the United Nations Forum on Forests at its fourth session for information;
The resulting report should be submitted to the seventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties for its consideration. The report should include recommendations for further implementation of the relevant areas of the work programme (element 1, goal 4, objective 2 and element 2, goal 1, objective 4), and should be provided for use by the liaison group on non-timber forest resources agreed in paragraph 42 of the present decision;
National level
Collaboration on specific issues
Noting that both the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Forum on Forests have important and complementary roles in addressing the problem of forest biological diversity loss, that collaboration between the United Nations Forum on Forests and the Convention on Biological Diversity can strengthen their ability to support and guide immediate and effective action by governments and other bodies, and that such collaboration will also facilitate the integration of forest biodiversity considerations in national development programmes, which will be vital for effective implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity,
Recognizing that there are many other bodies addressing issues of relevance to forest biodiversity (for example, other members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests including in particular the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification), and collaboration with these bodies is also important,
In undertaking this expanded programme of work, Parties, Governments, international and regional organizations and processes, civil society organizations and other relevant bodies and all relevant implementers are invited to take into account the following considerations:
To apply the ecosystem approach to the management of all types of forests
Objective 1
Develop practical methods, guidelines, indicators and strategies to apply the ecosystem approach adapted to regional differences to forests both inside and outside protected forest areas as well as both in managed and unmanaged forests.
To reduce the threats and mitigate the impacts of threatening processes on forest biological diversity
Prevent the introduction of invasive alien species that threaten ecosystems, and mitigate their negative impacts on forest biological diversity in accordance with international law.
Objective 2
Mitigate the impact of pollution such as acidification and eutrophication on forest biodiversity
Objective 3
Mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on forest biodiversity
Taking into account the work of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Climate Change and Biodiversity:
Objective 4
To prevent and mitigate the adverse effects of forest fires and fire suppression
Objective 5
To mitigate effects of the loss of natural disturbances necessary to maintain biodiversity in regions where these no longer occur.
Objective 6
To prevent and mitigate losses due to fragmentation and conversion to other land uses
To protect, recover and restore forest biological diversity
Restore forest biological diversity in degraded secondary forests and in forests established on former forestlands and other landscapes, including in plantations.
Promote forest management practices that further the conservation of endemic and threatened species.
Ensure adequate and effective protected forest area networks.
To promote the sustainable use of forest biological diversity
Promote sustainable use of forest resources to enhance the conservation of forest biological diversity
Prevent losses caused by unsustainable harvesting of timber and non-timber forest resources.
Enable indigenous and local communities to develop and implement adaptive community-management systems to conserve and sustainably use forest biological diversity.
Taking into account the outcome of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Inter-Sessional Working Group on Article 8(j) and Related Provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity:
Develop effective and equitable information systems and strategies and promote implementation of those strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation and sustainable use of forest genetic diversity, and support countries in their implementation and monitoring.
Access and benefit-sharing of forest genetic resources
Promote the fair and equitable sharing of benefits resulting from the utilization of forest genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge
Based on the Bonn Guidelines on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of the Benefits Arising out of their Utilization, as adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its sixth meeting(48):
Enhance the institutional enabling environment.
Improve the understanding of the various causes of forest biological diversity losses
Parties, Governments and organizations to integrate biological diversity conservation and sustainable use into forest and other sector policies and programmes.
Parties and Governments to develop good governance practices, review and revise and implement forest and forest-related laws, tenure and planning systems, to provide a sound basis for conservation and sustainable use of forest biological diversity.
Promote forest law enforcement and address related trade
Address socio-economic failures and distortions that lead to decisions that result in loss of forest biological diversity.
Mitigate the economic failures and distortions that lead to decisions that result in loss of forest biological diversity.
Increase public education, participation, and awareness.
Increase public support and understanding of the value of forest biological diversity and its goods and services at all levels.
To characterize and to analyse from forest ecosystem to global scale and develop general classification of forests on various scales in order to improve the assessment of status and trends of forest biological diversity.
Review and adopt a harmonized global to regional forest classification system, based on harmonized and accepted forest definitions and addressing key forest biological diversity elements.
Develop national forest classification systems and maps (using agreed international standards and protocols to enable regional and global synthesis).
To develop, where appropriate, specific forest ecosystems surveys in priority areas for conservation and sustainable use of forest biodiversity.
Improve knowledge on and methods for the assessment of the status and trends of forest biological diversity, based on available information.
Objective 1
Advance the development and implementation of international, regional and national criteria and indicators based on key regional, subregional and national measures within the framework of sustainable forest management.
Improve understanding of the role of forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Conduct key research programmes on the role of forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Improve the infrastructure for data and information management for accurate assessment and monitoring of global forest biological diversity.
Enhance and improve the technical capacity at the national level to monitor forest biological diversity, benefiting from the opportunities offered through the clearing-house mechanism, and to develop associated databases as required on a global scale.


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Prehistoric, I never been that
I just pursue rap because my rap is like chloric
Clearing you out, yo, and I'm all for it
Then I come to the rock of ages, with different type of pages
This ain't no dinosaur rap, prehistoric
This is for the people that like the pro-black
Hell on wheels
Hell on wheels, you can tell that I'm so real
Cause I come through with the beard, you think it's weird
But it's all clear by the whole show
The AMC, check it out, in the studio
With Sway, we do it today
Hottest MC
The hottest MC is me
Plus I be here with Heather B
And it's all free, you know Rashid
Y'all can watch me like I was ?empire sea?, but nah
It's hell on wheels, whatcha gonna say next, Sway
Dissers talk about Com Sense, I gotta rock 'em
Though I never been at the bottom, I never been rock bottom
I been through some stuff, but still I came rough and rugged
And they ask me, will you be nasty
That's just a microcosm of the things I did
Let me tell you since I was a kid
Serena Williams
Serena Williams
Peace to her getting the gold, you know she got soul
People said "Was you just trying to go against
That brother Common Sense, yo, too much confidence"
They asked a question
I told you "I be out there just hustling"
Talking 'bout MCing, and then you ask me 'bout the girl
But it's all respect to her, she change the world
Chicago hip-hop
Chicago hip-hop
Peace to Chief Keef and King Louie
You know we coming through the
Doors with some new type of flows
Plus we have brothers that always did shows
Like me and 'Ye, and Twista, I'm the Mr
Plus Lupe, check it out, we got a fist of
Fury coming down, I've been clearly to due to do it
And I just came down with fluid
Gas pedals
Gas pedals, put the gas to the pedal
The metal, and I don't need metal
All I need is some things to take it through the ghetto
And even in the gas pedal, rolling in the Hyundai
I went down the street that was one-way
Forensic evidence
Forensic evidence, searching for
Talk about Com Sense, yo, I murdered more
MC's, you should understand then try to test me
Baby talking 'bout the forensic, and on evidence, it's ESPY
Aw, you can see me on the ESPY awards
I take it like that, my mic cord
Left ventricle
Left ventricle -- check it out, it's not too mental for
The brother Com Sense, I keep on breathing more
Different type of styles
Yo, I told you I'm coming from my chest
So I always been the best
Escrow, yo, my house never been in that
I talk about I'm down with ?esco? and we invented rap
That's just how it is, the brother Com Sense
Check it out, I got a biz
And the biz is the show that I've been on
And I talk about y'all, I can swim on
Any type of beat that goes down as complete
Peace to Gang Starr and my man Biggie, yo
Your favourite girl you ever banged
The favourite girl I ever banged was hip-hop, aah!
I do it political like I'm the president
Yo, it's like that, it's so evident
Sway gives the Chi-town legend an increasingly absurd series of prompts to freestyle about


text:
North Carolina Mom Busted for Tattooing 11-Year-Old Daughter
(HAVELOCK, N.C.) -- A North Carolina mother was arrested after she gave her 11-year-old daughter a small heart-shaped tattoo near her shoulder, authorities said.
Odessa Clay, 30, of Greensboro, N.C., faces one count of tattooing a person under age 18.
It is illegal to tattoo a minor in North Carolina, regardless of parental consent.
The Havelock Police Department charged Clay, who has a few tattoos of her own, with the offense in late September.
In her defense, Clay said she did not know tattooing a minor, especially her own daughter, was illegal.
"She asked me to do it," Clay told ABC News affiliate WCTI-TV, adding that she only drew a heart outline and did not fill in the shape.
Clay said she believes an ex in-law turned her in after she filed a report against her 11-year-old daughter's paternal grandfather.
Copyright 2012 ABC News Radio


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Recently I gave a short intro course on functional programming languages to people at work, introducing some basic comments. At the end, I added a very very tiny compiler to show how easy it is to create a compiler in Haskell.
I thought it might be interesting for the people out there to see it as well. As mentioned, it is very minimalistic. Keeping with the trend of the previous post, I will ensure this blogpost is proper literal haskell code.
So first we create our module. We also import the Control.Monad for liftM and liftM2. Finally, we import QuickCheck so we can create some easy tests at the end.
> module Alg where
> import Control.Monad
> import Test.QuickCheck
Next, we define the domain of our compiler. Namely, our compiler will compile simple arithmetic expressions, that can be nested arbitrarily deep, to a stack machine. An expression consists of either a simple number, the addition of two expressions, the multiplication of two expressions, or the substraction of two expressions. We add some standard typeclasses that allow us to easily work with them in the GHC interpreter (for instance Show to show them).
> data Exp = Simple Integer
> | Mul Exp Exp
> | Add Exp Exp
> | Sub Exp Exp
> deriving (Eq, Ord, Show)
Without compiling, we can already write a mini interpreter that interprets an expression straight away. One option of making this more generic is abstracting away the specific binary operator instead of creating a specific data-constructor for each, but I will leave that as an excercise.
> interpretExp (Simple i) = i
> interpretExp (Mul a b) = interpretExp a * interpretExp b
> interpretExp (Add a b) = interpretExp a + interpretExp b
> interpretExp (Sub a b) = interpretExp a - interpretExp b
Next we define the codomain, or the target, of our compiler. For this I have opted for a very simple stack machine with only four instructions. Either one pushes a number, or one applies an operator to the top two numbers on the stack. As for the stack, it is simply a list of numbers.
> data Op = OpPush Integer | OpAdd | OpMul |OpSub
> deriving (Eq, Ord, Show)
> type Stk = [Integer]
We can also write an 'interpreter' for this stack-based language. First, we write the function that interprets a single stack operation with a given stack and returns a new stack. For clarity sake, I have not included error code for when the stack is empty but numbers are required.
> interpret :: Stk -> Op -> Stk
> interpret s (OpPush i) = i:s
> interpret (a:b:s) OpAdd = (a+b):s
> interpret (a:b:s) OpSub = (a-b):s
> interpret (a:b:s) OpMul = (a*b):s
To run a set operations, one can simply fold over the list of operations, starting with an empty stack:
> run :: [Op] -> Stk
> run = foldl interpret []
Next, we define the compiler function. This compiles algebraic expressions to a list of stack operations. Notice to do this, first we calculate the two sub expressions, and then compile the operation in question:
> compile :: Exp -> [Op]
> compile (Simple i) = [OpPush i]
> compile (Mul a b) = compile b ++ compile a ++ [OpMul]
> compile (Add a b) = compile b ++ compile a ++ [OpAdd]
> compile (Sub a b) = compile b ++ compile a ++ [OpSub]
The code is now done, and in fact, one can simply type 'ghci Alg.lhs" and try it out. However, we will add a quickcheck instance so we can test the correctness of the compiler. Simply, we require that interpreting an expression yields the same result as the top of the stack after compiling and interpreting the stack operations. To enable this, we first need to define a quickcheck instance for the domain, namely algebraic expressions. The code is a bit more complicated as it makes sure that it never generates infinite expression trees, so I will not explain it in detail. I suggest for those interested to check The quickcheck manual, or the haskell documentation.
> instance Arbitrary Exp where
> arbitrary = sized tree'
> where tree' 0 = liftM Simple arbitrary
> tree' n | n > 0 =
> oneof[liftM Simple arbitrary,
> liftM2 Mul subtree subtree,
> liftM2 Add subtree subtree,
> liftM2 Sub subtree subtree]
> where subtree = tree' (n `div` 2)
> coarbitrary (Simple i) =
> variant 0 . coarbitrary i
> coarbitrary (Mul a b) =
> variant 1 . coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b
> coarbitrary (Add a b) =
> variant 2 . coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b
> coarbitrary (Sub a b) =
> variant 3 . coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b
Now that we have an implementation that generates arbitrary algebraic expressions, it's time to write our test case. Namely we always require (True ==>), that the result of interpretation of the algebraic expression is the same as the top of the stack after compiling and interpreting the stack operations. We could add an additional requirement that the stack only has 1 element remaining in it.
> prop_compile tree = True ==> (head $ run $ compile tree) == interpretExp tree
Well, I hope that was useful
A friend of mine suggested I add some examples. Once you have saved the above in a file named Alg.lhs, load it up in the interpreter with 'ghci Alg.lhs'. Then you try it out:
> interpretExp (Add (Mul (Simple 5) (Simple 4)) (Simple 3))
> compile (Add (Mul (Simple 5) (Simple 4)) (Simple 3))
[OpPush 3,OpPush 4,OpPush 5,OpMul,OpAdd]
> let x = [OpPush 3,OpPush 4,OpPush 5,OpMul,OpAdd] in run x
As final note, please feel free to leave comments or questions.


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Consider the elliptic curve $y^2 = x^3 + x$ over $\mathbb{F}_p$, where $p \equiv 1 \pmod 4$.
If memory serves correctly, the number of points (excluding the point at infinity) is $p - a$ where $a$ is the residue of the binomial coefficient $\binom{\frac{p-1}{2}}{\frac{p-1}{4}}$ modulo $p$ of smallest absolute value.
Therefore, Hasse's bound implies that $a \leq 2\sqrt{p}$, which for large $p$ is quite a strong statement about a number you might otherwise expect to be anything mod $p$.
My question is:
Is there a direct simple proof of this fact about $\binom{\frac{p-1}{2}}{\frac{p-1}{4}}$ being small mod $p$? Could one try to unwind the proof of Hasse's theorem or more generally a proof of the Riemann hypothesis for curves to get such a proof?
On a related sidenote: of course the $(\frac{p-1}{2})!$ occuring here is a primitive fourth root of unity. The other relevant term is $(\frac{p-1}{4})!$. This leaves me to wonder if there is any useful connection with the $p$-adic $\Gamma$ function evaluated at $\frac{1}{4}$, and hence with some kind of $p$-adic analogue of the Chowla-Selberg formula...? (I don't know anything about this, so I could be clutching at straws here.) If there is anything interesting to say about this part, I should perhaps make it a separate question.


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Session organizer, David Vine recorded the session Understanding Militarism: Critical Anthropological Perspectives. If you missed the session, click on the play arrow button to listen:
Sponsored by the Society for the Anthropology of North America and Society for Urban, National and Transnational/Global Anthropology, the session was held on Friday, November 16, 2012.
The militarized response of the United States to the attacks of September 11, 2001—involving at least two wars, the expansion of global military deployments, and skyrocketing military spending—has reminded many that militarism is a major underexplored phenomenon affecting the lives of humans worldwide. Militarism is found in places obvious and not-so-obvious from standing armies to camouflage fashion, the military industrial complex to the Pentagon's relationship with Hollywood, the growth of drone warfare to the militarization of language and our discipline. Panelists will discuss militarism as a phenomenon and the development of a critical reader on the subject aimed at compiling essential readings on militarism and educating students in anthropology, history, political science, international relations, sociology, and beyond. Each panelist will discuss a different facet of militarism including militarism and human nature; histories and roots of militarism; theorizing militarism; militarized economies; military culture and soldiering; militarized families; fear as a way of life; militarized language, militarized minds; the militarization of place; military bases; post-September 11, 2001 wars; the militarization of law; militarized humanitarianism; militarized popular culture; the militarized university; the militarization of anthropology, social movements against militarism, alternatives to militarism, and demilitarization. The panel will conclude by inviting audience members into a critical discussion of militarism and how anthropologists can better investigate, theorize, and understand the phenomenon. The panel will focus special attention on the United States as today's "wellspring" of global militarism (C. Lutz), but will explore various forms of militarism across places and times. In the spirit of the panelists' critical reader and as part of efforts to broaden the impact of anthropological scholarship, the panel will be made freely available to the public as an internet podcast.
This session would be of particular interest to:
Practicing and Applied Anthropologists, Teachers of Anthropology in Community Colleges, Students, Those involved in mentoring activities
Organizers: David Vine (American University) and Andrew Bickford (George Mason University)
Chairs: Hugh Gusterson (George Mason University)
Discussants: Catherine Besteman (Colby College)
10:15 AM The Militarization of Anthropological Knowledge: Elizabeth Bacon's Revelations of CIA Efforts to Recruit Anthropologists David H Price (St. Martin's University)
10:30 AM Base Nation: Military Bases Overseas and the Foundations of Militarism David Vine (American University)
10:45 AM Reconciliation and Permanent War In Honduras Adrienne Pine (American University)
11:00 AM Outsourcing War: Militarism and Corporate Contractors Roberto J Gonzalez (San Jose State University)
11:15 AM Discussant Catherine Besteman (Colby College)
11:30 AM Discussion


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Vulvar Cancer
When cancer starts in the vulva, it is called vulvar cancer. Treatment is most effective when vulvar cancer is found early. Vulvar cancer is extremely rare, although all women are at risk, and it affects approximately 3,500 patients each year in the United States.
The signs and symptoms of vulvar cancer can include the following:
- Itching, burning or bleeding on the vulva
- Color changes on the skin of the vulva, such as being whiter or redder than normal for you
- Skin changes in the vulva, such as a rash or warts
- Sores, new lumps or ulcers on the vulva that do not go away
- Pain in your pelvis
There is no way to know who will be diagnosed with vulvar cancer, however there are factors that increase the risk. These include:
- A history of abnormal Pap tests
- HIV or another condition that makes it hard for your body to fight off health problems
- Being age 50 or older
- Having chronic vulvar itching or burning
- A history of smoking
The risk of vulvar cancer can be lowered by getting the HPV vaccine as recommended, limiting the number of sexual partners and not smoking.


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The Digital Entertainment Content Ecosystem (DECE) has selected the upcoming Adobe® Flash® Access software as one of the approved content protection solutions required for premium video.
Adobe is a DECE Founder, and there are over 45 companies from every industry involved in digital media participating in this effort. In case you haven't heard of DECE before, it is a consortium of leading technology vendors, content providers, consumer electronics companies, and service providers working to enable improved consumer access to entertainment content.
I've been spending a lot of my time over the last year or so working in DECE with representatives of these various companies, so it was great to be able to announce a number of key milestones today. Adobe is pleased to contribute to the creation of a vibrant ecosystem that makes possible new ways to connect users with premium content. DECE's adoption of Adobe Flash Access will vastly expand the reach for DECE content and generate new revenue streams for participants.
Flash Access software will allow retailers and content owners to utilize the Flash Platform to reach hundreds of millions of devices in a short period of time, enabling compelling end-user experiences. DECE's approval also signals broad studio support for this technology.
If you follow this blog, you probably already know that the Adobe Flash Platform is a complete system of integrated tools, frameworks, clients and servers for the development of Web applications, content and video that runs consistently across operating systems and devices.
Adobe Flash Access 2.0, a key component of the Adobe Flash Platform, is a scalable, flexible content protection solution that enables the distribution and monetization of premium content. Flash Access 2.0 provides a way to combine the unprecedented reach and interactivity of the Adobe Flash Platform with robust security and flexible usage rules so that businesses can enforce necessary constraints, such as limiting viewing to a given rental period or set of devices.
As announced last year, content protected with Flash Access 2.0 will play on the upcoming version of Flash Player. Adobe Flash Player is on over 98 percent of connected computers and delivers approximately 75 percent of Web video worldwide. Major broadcasters and media companies including Hulu, Warner Brothers, MLB.com, and DirecTV use the Adobe Flash Platform, which also powers the popular social media sites YouTube and MySpace.


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Concrete + Extremophile Bacteria = Walls That Repair Themselves
When William McDonough and other pioneers of the sustainable architecture movement first envisioned the concept of living, breathing buildings, it's safe to say that they probably didn't have structures teeming with actual living, breathing bacteria in mind. But don't tell that to Henk Jonkers of Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. What he and his colleagues have developed—a self-fixing bacteria-concrete hybrid—may do more to propel sustainable architecture into the mainstream than McDonough could have ever hoped for.
While it may sound unheard of, scientists have been pressing bacteria into service in construction for years. The use of mineral-producing bacteria has already been explored in a variety of applications, including the hardening of sand and in repairing cracks in concrete. But there are two problems inherent to this approach. First, the reaction that these bacteria undergo to synthesize calcium carbonate results in the production of ammonium, which is toxic at even moderate concentrations. The other problem is a more prosaic one. Since the bacteria have to be applied manually, a worker or team of workers would have to go out every few weeks to patch up every little crack on every slab of concrete—nearly defeating the purpose of making the repair process simpler and more cost-effective.
Jonkers' solution was to track down a different bacterial strain that could live happily buried in the concrete for prolonged periods of time. Because the bacteria would be mixed into the concrete from the start, they could immediately nip small cracks in the bud before they had a chance to expand and become exposed to water, rendering them vulnerable to further wear and tear. (Concrete structures are typically reinforced with steel bars, but these can easily become corroded when water seeps into the cracks.) Such a strain would have to endure the high pH environment of concrete and churn out copious amounts of calcium carbonate without also producing large quantities of ammonium.The researchers found just the right candidates: a hardy bunch of spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus that make a great living in the alkaline soda lakes of Russia and Egypt. Jonkers and his colleagues placed the spores and their food source, calcium lactate, into small ceramic pellets to prevent them from being activated prematurely by the wet concrete mix and adversely affecting the integrity of the material. The spores remained dormant until the formation of a crack allowed water to sneak in, waking the bacteria and their appetite. As they began to chow down, gobbling up the calcium lactate and water, they also began to pump out calcite (a very stable form of calcium carbonate), which quickly went to work filling up the holes. Now that they've successfully tested the bacteria's mettle, Jonkers and his co-workers plan on comparing the strength of their natural concrete to that of the real thing. While not examined in the New Scientist story, I imagine that it should be possible to genetically tweak the bacteria into building a stronger form of calcite (or an even tougher material) that would match up more favorably to its man-made counterpart.
For those of you who would prefer to keep bacteria out of your walls (not that you need to worry, since these particular strains wouldn't survive outside), there are other alternatives. Michelle Pelletier, an engineer from the University of Rhode Island, has created a microencapsulated sodium silicate healing agent that, like the bacteria, springs into action when a crack begins to appear. The sodium silicate reacts with the calcium hydroxide embedded in the concrete to form a malleable gel that covers the holes and hardens within a week of activation. According to Pelletier, the material may also help ward off corrosion by enveloping the steel bars in a thin, protective film.
Though their approaches to solving the problem may differ, both Jonkers and Pelletier tout the climate benefits of their inventions: Cement production already accounts for roughly 7 percent of worldwide carbon dioxide emission production, so any technology or procedure that could make concrete structures more durable would be a welcome development.
Image: sociotard/Flickr
Comments (12)
Links to this Post
- Link Conglomerate – MSC, Orca and Nature's Giants | Ninjameys | September 5, 2010
This could be huge for civil engineering if it can be broadly commercialized. Self-healing concrete? Concrete is everywhere! Bridges, buildings, foundations, roads, walls. All could get significantly longer lifespans and become safer as well.
I do see a couple of possible problems. If the concrete is under tension rather than compression, the bacteria may have no time to repair a crack before it separates and becomes unrepairable (by that mechanism).
Another is, if the bacteria are metabolically active even in the absence of cracking, that's probably going to be a problem. I have trouble imagining that's good for concrete's structural integrity. On the other hand, if the bacteria can be persuaded to go dormant, reviving only in the presence of a crack (the presence of water is an obvious trigger but air would do too), that could work.
It's a fascinating idea, regardless.
I can see how this can be used in the maintenance of school facilities. In many schools, with small maintenance budgets, it would be so beneficial to have the building "heal" itself. Some talk about cracks generated through wear. I can see how important it would be to be able to heal after any type of damage.
Another important factor is appearance. Concrete can easily be turned into different colors; can this be able to continue to generate colors? If the exterior can be set a specific color, painting maintenance would no longer be necessary.
It sounds wonderful.
P.E. Bray
Hmm… living walls… oh no! The ZEEEERGGGG!!!!
Fascinating article, but from an engineering standpoint we should not give up on essential reinforcing structures. Even driveways require reinforcing mesh to keep from turning into, basically gravel. In the USA, the State of California has been using stainless steel reinforcing bars in all coastal bridges. If there is potential to increase bridge life from 50-100 years to 1000+ years, then reinforcing bars and/or cables should be made of Titanium or another highly corrosion resistant alloy. The future of this technology looks bright indeed. Even though it may not work for pre-tensioned structures like bridges, this could be used in concrete paving blocks, sidewalks, statues, stairs, park benches, foundations and boat ramps, and more. Good work, science!
If possible then the construcions done with this technology would even grow b'coz bacterias keep on multiplying.
This is indeed good idea. The same may rightly be called as bio-concrete ! The walls made on such can be called as bio-wall !
can the quantity of calcite generated be controlled upto that required to fill up the holes only???…..if not so and pumped out in excess wont it cause problems like spalling……..
btw the idea and above suggested name "bio-concrete" both are fascinating
Quite a fascinating post and supporting comments that you have here. I would like to point out that other sites may make a different case, particularly in regards to natural health. Have you found additional information on the Internet, and could you give me some direction?
We used EM•1® ceramic powder in our concrete and diamond- blue finish of our pool. What that does is:
1/ Prevent creation of sulfides in the concrete that decay the concrete.
2/ Prevent the re-bars from rusting.
3/ The microbial impregnated ceramic powder's electro-magnetic forces aline like the way they used to build "bunkers" out of concrete and Iron filings.
But also these microbial impregnated ceramic powder's electro-magnetic forces emit beneficial vibrations that encourage an anti-Oxidant state (Does not putrefy things).
I am also interested in http://throughthesandglass.typepad.com/through_the_sandglass/2009/04/sandstonemaking-microbes-tafoni-and-an-extraordinary-design-idea.html
sir i need a complete detailed note on the curret topic. as i want to work on it as my reaserch n development topic for my final sumissions before my degree completion
sir i need complete detail for doing my final year project


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How to Find a Reputable Ferret Breeder
Good ferret breeders should be pleasant, honest, and direct with you about the responsibilities of having a ferret as a pet. They don't want to give their ferrets to just anybody. As you research ferret breeders, use this list as a guide for finding a good breeder:
Try to get references from people who've bought kits from the breeder, and be sure to check those references. If a breeder won't give you references, beware.
If geographically feasible, travel to see the breeder's facility to get a sense of how the ferrets are kept. Also, you don't want to buy a ferret sight unseen!
Ask the breeder about his motivation for breeding ferrets. A good breeder might say that he or she is breeding ferrets to improve the species' temperament and health.
Ask the breeder about vaccination and vet schedules and any illnesses he has encountered with the ferret. Make sure, if you purchase a kit, that you get a written health guarantee from the breeder. An adoption (or purchase) contract should be available for you to see ahead of time.
A good breeder will offer after-sales support. Ask if the breeder is willing to chat with you when you call with a question regarding your newly purchased baby.
Ask about what happens if the ferret doesn't work out for you. Will the breeder take the ferret back? A responsible breeder will do this.


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Variations in the Little William Theater
Saturday, March 20, 1-4PM
Melinda Rice, violin
Chris Votek, cello
Melinda and Chris perform a series of improvisations in the Little William Theater exploring communication and variation in music. In using a limited collection of themes and motives, they take a look at cognition, coherence, and chance play in contemporary improvisation.
The Little William Theater is located in a coat-room in the lobby under the stairs at the Hammer Museum. It is one of the world's newest and smallest theaters, with seating for two patrons, and different performers every week.
Curated by Chris Kallmyer


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The Exploded guys (that's what I'm calling em') have done it again! This time, they've deconstructed the original Nintendo Zapper for our geek pleasure. Designed by artist Garry Booth, this design brings us all the way back to the 80's when Duck Hunt was a fresh faced phenom and not regulated to the used video game bin at the local video game store.Â
Growing up I LOVED playing Duck Hunt if only because using a gun to shoot flying pixels resembling ducks on my TV screen was the closest I would get to duck hunting in Hawaii.Â
This gem can be had from ZapExploded.com for $17.Â


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Here you can track detailed statistics of transactions made to/from your partners - sent customers, number of viewings, depositted transactions and missed deals.
Registered - The different ways of registering or sending your clients to partners are described here - by request from Domaza through your personal site in Domaza entered manually and sent to the partner through a banner.
Sent clients - the number of registered and sent clients. In the different columns you will see the number of clients sent by request from Domaza or request from your site, manually entered or sent through a banner.
Tour - the quantity of clients you sent to partners, who have made property inspections.
Deposit - shows the amount of customers who have paid a deposit.
Deal - shows the amount of customers who stuck a deal.
Missed - shows the number of sent clients who didn't make a deal.