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Roofing work is expensive, and, if you hire the wrong contractor, you can spend thousands of dollars too much and still get terrible work. Our ratings of area roofers will help you nail down the best roofers for your job.
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There are a few algorithms around for finding the minimal bounding rectangle (OBB) containing a given (convex) polygon.
Does anybody know about an algorithm for finding a minimal-area bounding quadrilateral (any quadrilateral, not just rectangles)?
I've been refered to this site from stackoverflow.com (original post), since the guys over there did not know the answer to this...
(PS: I'm a programmer and not a mathematician, so I would appreciate especially if you could point me to exisiting implementations if there are any... Thanks a lot!)

subset: commoncrawl


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One question I am frequently asked is when do I sleep (or if I ever sleep). I can assure you that I do sleep, sometimes when I really should be doing something else. But the real question is how do I keep up with all the genealogy news? There seems to be things happening every day.
Let's take an example. FamilySearch announces the addition of millions of more new records added to the Historical Record Collections on FamilySearch.org. So how do I know this? Simple, I am on an e-mail list from FamilySearch. I also subscribe to a large number of blogs and so there are many eyes watching the news. Why do you think the same announcement shows up in different blog posts at about the same time? We all read the same sources.
But don't I have to spend a lot of time reviewing my e-mail and blog posts? Well, yes and no. All of my e-mail goes directly to my iPhone, so I can review e-mail almost anytime and anyplace. Most of us have a surprising amount of down time every day, that is time where we are waiting or watching and if some of this time is used to keep up with e-mail and such, then the job gets done without any additional time being set aside.
The blog traffic is managed with Google Reader (there are a lot of other readers available). I get a list of headlines of new blog posts and every few hours I can go through the list and read or save anything that looks vaguely interesting. Some people use Facebook and Twitter for the same reason, to keep tabs but not spend a lot of time.
There are some things I don't do. I don't spend a lot of time online on anything other than genealogy and the other things I am interested in. I never "surf" the Web or spend time posting notes to Facebook. I do read a lot of books, especially on technical subjects. I am used to working about 12 to 14 hours a day, so I get a lot done every day. The idea is to focus on the things you want to do, like genealogy and other positive things and try not to waste time doing things that either don't matter or in which you have little or no interest.


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- Brazilian Grand Prix
Fifth still a 'super result' for Hulkenberg
- News:
Hulkenberg had the pace to win - Fernley
- Report:
Vettel secures third title in epic season finale
- Race:
- Brazilian Grand Prix
- Drivers:
- Nico Hülkenberg
- Teams:
- Racing Point
Nico Hulkenberg described fifth place in the Brazilian Grand Prix as "a super result" despite leading the race at one stage.
A good start and strong opening stint saw Hulkenberg chasing the McLarens of Lewis Hamilton and Jenson Button in damp conditions, and he and Button were left clear of the field after remaining on slicks when the rain relented. However, a safety car bunched up the pack and Hulkenberg dropped behind Hamilton before hitting the McLaren when trying to retake the lead.
Hulkenberg was given a drive through penalty for the incident but said that fifth place was "still a super result" in his last race for Force India having been involved in the battle for victory.
"That was a lot of fun - very entertaining and there was so much happening all the time!" Hulkenberg said. "We had a great chance to finish on the podium today, but it slipped away, which is a shame. In the early laps it was difficult to keep the car on the track in the very damp conditions, but it was not really wet enough for intermediates and I stuck with the slicks. It was the right decision and soon I was leading the race.
"I felt comfortable but eventually I made a small mistake and Lewis got ahead of me. I managed to stay with him and was fighting to get the lead back when we touched. It's hard to say what happened but I was making a move going into turn one and had a slightly loose rear. I was about to turn in and suddenly there was contact. It's a shame for both of us because we were having a great battle. I managed to keep going but I had lost a lot of time. Fifth place is still a super result to end the season and I think the team did an excellent job this weekend. I hope they enjoyed the race - it's a nice leaving present in my last race."


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- Riverside Tennis Club, Brunswick Tce, Mullumbimby, NSW 2482
- Business can travel to you
Tennis School Holiday Activities for Kids in New South Wales (NSW)
Best match results for tennis school holiday activities for kids in New South Wales.
Red Hot Tennis offers professional tennis coaching for adults & children of all ages from beginners through to tournament players. With weekly lessons held in Mullumbimby & Byron Bay, each players standard, goals & inspirations are evaluated to establish the best pathway for the development of their game. Owner / Head Coach Justin de Candia has been teaching tennis in the Northern Rivers for the past 15 years & adopts a learning through play teaching philosophy in a welcoming & inclusive ... Read more environment. Offering both group & private lessons, the 8 week coaching program is tailored to develop the skills needed to take your game to the next level. The 8 week coaching program for children covers fundamental technique & tactical concepts while incorporating a "life lesson" element through which students explore a range of valuable self development skills such as building self confidence, concentration, respect & team work. Popular adult programs include the weekly ladies group ...
Term 4 Tennis Coaching
Dates: from 03 Oct 2019 to 19 Dec 2019
Bookings are now being taken for Term 4 tennis coaching. Covering fundamental technique & tactical strategies, the program will equip you with all the skills & knowledge necessary to enjoy playing the game of tennis. All ages & ability's catered for with group or private lessons available.
Quality coaching
26-08-2019 by Ora
Justin is a great person and a skilful coach. He customize the lessons to your level and your goals. With an acute observations he will improve your technique and equipped you with "go to" tools to use if/when you drop your game. His approach to strategy is through discussion which make you think and deepen your understanding of the game. I am delighted with the progress I have made. Easy going yet highly effective coaching.
Exceptional Tennis Coach
23-08-2019 by Kay Long
Justin is a tennis coach with exceptional ability, creative and fun, inspiring children through to adults to develop their skills and love of the game.
Awesome Teacher
22-08-2019 by sheldon
Justin has been teaching my son for a few years. He's fantastic with kids in both privates and group lessons. His creativity with his games keeps them engaged every minute. His dedication to what he does is rare. Highly recommend if you want your child to love tennis.
Awesome Teacher
22-08-2019 by sheldon
Justin has been teaching my son for a few years. He's amazing with kids both with private lessons and group. His dedication and creativity with games keeps the kids engaged every minute. Highly recommend.
Justin's coaching
14-08-2019 by Richard Hil
There are tennis coaches and tennis coaches. Justin is among the very best: insightful, intelligent, supportive and fun. He's consultative and very observant, focussing on things that other coaches would overlook. After each session I am left thinking about the insights and advice Justin has offered - that's the sign of a great teacher.
About us "Our Mission is to develop tennis players into a competitive and elite profile through our Methodology of hard training , education and ethic supported by our professional team " Who are we ? Tennis United is a company made of a team of former international tennis players. Our team is willing to share their expertise and passion in order to maximize a tennis player's potential. Tennis is our passion we have been surrounded by the tennis world as a young age, we have won experienced ... Read more through coaching around the world. How do we Work ? Our methodology is made by strong work ethics, education, enjoyment and preparation (technical, physical and mental ) our players will be monitored with the latest technology in tennis ( video analysis, high technology tennis sensors, high quality fitness trackers, heart rate monitors etc ). PRIVATE LESSONS Private lessons are the best option if you would like to have a customized program plan that is designed for your specific ...
Validity: from 29 Mar 2019 to 20 Mar 2020
Point play, practice, learn, get advice on equipment, tactics or on fitness Memberships 2 sessions weekly 25$ (most popular option) 3 sessions weekly 30$ Unlimited 40$ Single session 23.50$ Packages 5x20$ each session 10x 18$ each session Tennis sessions in Burwood Park (15 minutes from the city)
Wentworth Tennis is an Eastern Suburbs Tennis and Fitness coaching business based at Trumper Park Tennis Centre Paddington, which was formerly known as "The Palms". We Cater for all age brackets, running programs for children, school programs as well as private and squad tuition throughout the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney. The centre is also only 10 minutes drive from the the City of Sydney and the Sydney CBD, is adjacent to the iconic Lord Dudley Hotel and just 5 a minute walk from Edgeciff train station. With ... Read more countless years of coaching involvement from beginner to tournament level players, the team is extremely experienced at coaching all ages and standards and are currently providing Private lessons, Group lessons, Advanced Squad lessons, Lady's Groups, Socials, Corporate days, Holiday Camps and Tennis Specific Fitness, not to mention courts for hire between 6am and 10pm Monday to Friday and 6am and 8pm Weekends as well as all your tennis needs from our pro shop. Please see our court ...
School Holiday Tennis Camps
Dates: from 30 Nov -1 to 30 Nov -1
School holiday camps are on every school break. We have 11 camps per year. Please see our website for up coming dates. Bookings can be made daily or weekly at a discount and must be paid in advance. The terms and conditions for camp bookings, payments and credits at Wentworth Tennis are listed below. Please note that we do not provide refunds and we only provide credits on your account. Cancellations can only be made by phoning us. BOOKINGS 1. Bookings can be made by phone, in person or online, and will only be accepted with full payment. 2. Once you have booked at our daily rate you cannot change to a weekly booking rate once the camp has started (ie you can add extra days at the daily rate, but not pay the balance of a weekly rate). Cancellations 1. If Wentworth Tennis is informed by 8pm the day before the day you wish to cancel, a credit is given for that cancellation. 2. If Wentworth Tennis is not informed by 8pm the day before the day you wish to cancel, zero credit is given. (This includes if a child is sick) 3. To change a camp day you must first cancel the day you currently have booked and therefore points 1 & 2 of this cancellation policy applies. Please phone Wentworth Tennis to do this. Change of Day(s) booked 1. Please be aware that if you want to change the day(s) your child is booked in a camp then it equates to cancelling a day and rebooking a new day, and therefore the above cancellation fee system applies. Wet Weather 1. All our camps are held every day, and fully staffed, irrespective of the weather and therefore no credit is given due to the weather.
The Queenwood Tennis and Sport Centre in Oxford Falls has recently undergone refurbishment and now has 12 NEW resurfaced synthetic tennis courts, with LED lights for night matches. Our facility offers everyone the amazing opportunity to experience tennis in the beautiful surrounds of the Garigal National Park, away from the hustle and bustle of Sydney City, but close enough to enjoy all that Sydney has to offer. In close proximity to Manly and Narrabeen beaches, shopping malls and the main Sydney ... Read more attractions, the Queenwood Tennis and Sports Centre creates the perfect venue for your best Tennis experience. Tennis competitions are run all year round, with Ladies Doubles and Singles, Mixed teams and singles competitions. New teams and reserve players are always welcome to join our weekly competitions, and can register online. Saturday Social group players may turn up without prior booking, $10 a session! Social groups, casual and permanent court hire, coaching clinics, private and ...
FACILITY FEATURES..... *Courts – 8 premium syn grass courts with professional lighting *Hot Shots Indoor Court – Aust Open surface with LED lighting *Pro Shop – full range of products along with drinks etc *Clubhouse & Kitchen – with fridge, microwave & BBQ etc *Showers & Toilets – freshly renovated *Practice Wall – for fine tuning your skills *Parking Area (large) – conveniently positioned next to club SERVICES AVAILABLE..... *Hot Shots (morning pre school & afternoons) – ... Read more featuring Indoor Court *Coaching – delivered by TA/ATPCA coaches for all player levels *School Programs – provide students with tennis as a sports option *Holiday Clinics – provide a fun, safe & supervised environment *Leagues – choice of multi formats for all player levels *Memberships – great value for families, adults/seniors & juniors *Court Hire – available day & night *Party & Corporate Days – delivering a fun & active element *Restring Service – professional ...
Our beautiful facility at Collaroy Tennis Club warmly welcomes you to come and enjoy all the fantastic health and wellbeing opportunities offered at the club. The facility offers: - 6 Floodlit Synthetic Grass courts - An beautiful abundant all glass club house - Pro Shop with food and beverage options, tennis gear, rackets, etc - Shower and Bathroom facilities - A kiddies sandpit and free 'mini' court for the kids to use prior to lessons We aim to offer the best tennis coaching experience on the ... Read more northern beaches - we have programs to suit all ages from 2 years to 100+. Whatever your age, whatever your skill level we have a program to suit. A taste of our programs include: - Pee Wee Daytime Program (2 - 5 years) - Tennis Australia Hot Shots Program (6 to 12 years) - Juniors (12 - 18 yrs) and Squad level Programs - Adult and Juniors competitions - Midweek Ladies coaching clinic, beginner and intermediate - Activ Tennis (Adults only program!) - Footwork and Fitness sessions - Talented ...
Tennis Lessons Northern Beaches, Tennis Lessons for kids and adults in Terrey Hills, ANZ Tennis Hot Shots, Tennis Court Hire and more - Inspire Tennis Coaching Sydney
Sydney Tennis Coaching is based in Burwood, Sydney. We aim to provide nearby residents with the opportunity to learn new tennis skills or polish up on ones that you may already have. With a wide range of coaching options available, we aim to provide a valuable experience that not only helps you understand and play the game of tennis, but how to have fun while you're doing it. We offer a variety of classes for different skill levels, ages and groups sizes. Mums & Bubs: Designed for kids 5 ... Read more and under, the lesson involves the parents pairing up with their children to teach them basic motor skills and tennis techniques. This improves the bonding between the parent and kids while providing the mothers with a chance to get back to sport gently. Kids Group Lesson: Designed for kids 5 and over. Group lessons are great ways for kids to learn the sport while also meeting new friends. Cooperative games are frequently used to build teamwork. Competitive games will be introduced later to ...
At Kingscliff Tennis Club we offer the following range of services for kids and adults of all ages: - Junior group lessons - Adult group lessons - Private lessons - Social tennis - Court hire - Match play - Re stringing - Holiday clinics Call us today for further information about any of our services
Court hire 7.30am-10.30pm 7 days Hot Shots coaching squads for kids School Holidays Tennis Camps Adults & Ladies coaching squads Cardio Tennis Private lessons for all ages and standards High Performance - Talent ID & Development Pro Shop - restrings & equipment On-site cafe Off-street parking ...plus kids birthday parties & functions!
Have Fun! - Get Active! Evolution Tennis Academy (ETA) is a NEW and EXCITING business primarily based in Wauchope NSW priding ourselves on providing quality coaching for children and adults of all ages and abilities to get CONNECTED, have FUN and keep ACTIVE whilst EVOLVING their game to the next level!! Tennis Coaching: - Junior Development Programs - Private / Semi-Private Lessons - Squad Training - Holiday Camps - Adult Group Sessions - Ladies Group Sessions - Birthday Parties Services ... Read more & Hire: - Ball Machine Hire - Racket Re-Stringing - Replacement Grips & Over-Grips - Tennis Rackets & Tennis Accessories - Gift Certificates Contact John Now!
Highly Recommended! Thankyou!
11-06-2013 by Karen
I booked private lessons for both my children ages 7 and 11 with John at Evolution Tennis Academy whilst up for holidays. He built a great rapport with Sophie and Jacob, was enthusiastic and very knowledgeable. I recommend John to anyone! He has inspired my kids to take up tennis at home here in Manly. Much Thanks!! Karen
Ambrose Tennis Academy pride themselves on maximum learning in a Fun and Positive environment. Lessons are available at 3 locations; Miller Park, Branxton Fairfax Rd, Rutherford And Wyee Rd, Wyee With at home private tuition available upon request Tennis coaching is available for all; Kids coaching -Tennis For Tots (2-5 years) -Just For Fum (5-8 years) -All About Technique (7-11 years) -Advanced Junior Technique (10-15 years) -Teens Tennis (available soon) (13 years and up) Adult ... Read more clinics Competitive training and squads Private and semi/private tuition As well as; Junior comps and Adult comps Our coaching is structured and enjoyable for all levels. We hope to rebuild a strong community around tennis, offer a safe zone for kids and teens to come after school and put on special tennis events throughout the year. Our team is family oriented and we enjoy seeing siblings and parents watching their special someone is enjoying the lesson. Programs range ...
Voyager Tennis Academy provides tennis coaching opportunities and holiday camps for all ages and abilities. The programs on offer are Tennis Hotshots for kids, holiday camps, performance squads for elite players, weekly competitions and many other coaching programs designed for juniors and adults who are looking to have fun and improve their tennis.
Great tennis coaching
13-07-2018 by Sonia Popat
Really happy with the coaching here. My daughter (age 6) has gone from only being able to hit the odd shot, to now serving, rallying and scoring. Couldn't be happier with the progress! And they have a pathway all the way to the pro tour!!
- Duffys Road, Terrigal, NSW 2260
Lead by esteemed Head Coach, Stephanie Bowler, the Tennis Learning Company has created an environment which focuses on fostering the enjoyment of tennis, social interaction, and promoting fair sportsmanship at Terrigal. We offer junior and adult coaching, competitions and school holiday camps.
- 1110 Oxford Falls Road, Oxford Falls, NSW 2100
- Business can travel to you
Tennis Coaching for all ages and skill levels Tennis equipment for sale Tennis Restrings Tennis Competitions Social tennis Tennis court hire Tennis Club Membership Hotshots Tennis Cardio Tennis Adult clinics Kids coaching Squad training
Tennis centre located in the heart of Haberfield. 10 tennis court centre open 7 days a week. 8 synthetic grass and 2 tru-flex hardcourts all with lights. Popular tennis camp holiday programs. Also offering private lessons, group lessons, junior competition and casual court hire.
- 13 Learmonth Street, Rooty Hill, NSW 2766
Blacktown Tennis Association 4 synthetic grass tennis courts, 2 plexi-pave tennis and and 2 Squash courts for hire. Accredited coaching staff for tennis coaching Tennis & squash Tennis and squash social court hire. Booking on above land line. Equipment available for hire if you are starting out. Founded in 1926 tennis has been a popular sport for the local for over 90 years. The sport is suitable activity for all age from 5 to 105 years. It can be played at any level from beginner ... Read more to advanced. Give it a go.
Great Tennis Facility
07-05-2014 by
Well maintained, neat, clkean & tidy. Excellent amenities including showers. Wheelchair accessible
Online Tennis is a very well regarded North Shore Tennis Coaching business that has been operating since 1991 (over 24 years). We incorporate 3 clubs and 6 schools. Our object is to ensure players are taught the fundamentals of tennis, to provide them with enjoyable, rewarding and competitive activities, all in a safe and fun environment. We cater for players of all ages and abilities. Comprehensive techniques are taught by professional and experienced tennis coaches. Our tennis school caters for ... Read more children from a number of different schools, who attend our before and after school coaching clinics at 7 convenient locations. We offer bus transportation service. We conduct group, private, school sport classes, women's clinics and birthday parties. Saturday morning at Roseville Park Tennis Centre has a very good reputation. It offers coaching, set play and competition against other schools and clubs in the Northern Suburbs Tennis Association (NSTA). Our concept of providing free shuttle bus ...
Inspire Tennis is Sydney's leading professional tennis coaching group, located throughout the North Shore of Sydney including Killara, Longueville, Lane Cove West, Lane Cove, Lindfield, St Ives, Gordon, Pymble, Wahroonga and Turramurra. Partnered with Tennis NSW and Tennis Australia to offer high quality and affordable tennis programs and lessons for players of all ages and standards. Our courses are fun, friendly, innovative and easily accessible to the community of Sydney. We provide ANZ Tennis ... Read more Hot Shots coaching and competitions, kids holiday camps, ladies clinics and classes with creche, private tennis lessons, shared private lessons, school tennis programs, NSTA (Northern Suburbs Tennis Association) mixed adult classes, competitions, court hire and tennis function/event hire.
* Tennis Coaching - squad, semi-private, private * Hotshots Modified Junior Program * Cardio Tennis * Court Hire * Online Court Bookings - visit our website * Proshop * Racquet Restrings * Comps - Junior & Adult * School Holiday Camps * Tennis Australia (TA) & ATPCA Accredited Professional Coaches - over 100 years experience
Inner West Tennis Academy provides high quality professional tennis training. We offer private coaching, semi-private coaching, children's groups and squads, adult clinics and elite squad. Choose from nine quality Synthetic Grass or Hard Surfaced courts located at: Strathfield Sports Club 4a Lyons Street (Main Entrance & Parking via Morwick Street) Strathfield, NSW 2135 Alex (Director): Shaun (Junior Development Coach) HAVE FUN DURING SCHOOL HOLIDAYS... Kids Holiday Camps Inner West Tennis Academy ... Read more provides fun and learning skilled activities during the school holidays. We have experienced tennis coaches to train your kids to play tennis and have fun. Kids will be placed in appropriate age groups so they will receive proper training and be well looked after.
Rushcutters Bay Tennis & Kiosk has 5 x Floodlit courts and a small cafe attached. The centre provides tennis coaching of all ages and levels. There are also competitions for men and women and social tennis for people looking to meet new people and get a bit of exercise. The cafe provides small snacks to full breakfasts and lunches. Toby's Estate is the coffee of choice and all our staff are trained baristas to ensure a quality coffee every time. Children are able to attend our school holiday programs ... Read more which are held at the end of each term. Our coaches are very experienced which ensures all children have a great time at the camps while they also learn the finer points of how to play tennis. Grassroots tennis is paramount. Hotshots classes are held 6 days a week at various times. So children as young as 3 can start to learn how to play tennis and elite squads for teenagers who are looking to consolidate and improve their performance on the court. For more information please contact the ...
Beautiful place to play tennis
17-06-2014 by
Great place to play tennis. Has great facilities and the coaches are extremely professional and great with kids.
If you're looking for a tennis coach on the Coffs Coast, New South Wales you've come to the right place. Our programs offer a range of coaching options for the beginner to the advanced player, for any age, at almost any time of the day. They include: Hot Shots Pre-school Tennis(3-5yrs), Hot Shots PeeWee Tennis(5-7yrs), Hot Shots Development Groups(7-15yrs), Squads, Private Lessons(Children or adults), Adult Group Tennis Lessons, Cardio Tennis. Our team of coaches are Tennis Australia qualified. ... Read more We work closely with Tennis Australia and deliver the MLC Hot Shots Kids starter program and the very popular Cardio Tennis. As well as our weekly Tennis Coaching Programs, we offer a range of other activities including: •School Holiday Tennis or Multi Sports Clinics •Modified Hot Shots Competitions •Junior and Adult Competitions •Kanga Kidz Multi Sports Program •Multi Sports Birthday Parties •Social Tennis. Our philosophy is to form strong relationships with students regardless ...
Sydney Uni Tennis is an affiliated club of #Tennis Australia/Tennis NSW and registered #ActiveKids program provider. We pride ourselves on providing professional and the highest quality tennis coaching in small class ratio (4:1 coach) available in Sydney. We deliver official Tennis Australia ANZ Hot Shots (Junior Tennis Programs) from aged of 3 or older and we welcome anyone to join from beginners to advanced players. We cater for juniors, adults, parents, university staff and students, and demonstrate ... Read more a commitment to all those interested in playing tennis. Great facilities at convenient location, 5-10 mins walks from #Redfern train station and 5 mins from bus-stop at City Road. Parking is also available out the front of the Centre and surrounding streets, including Darlington Rd, Abercrombie St and Shepherd St. Program is led by Tennis Australia Qualified and registered coach. All Tennis Coaches conduct lesson with structured plan and there is progression for all players. In addition, ...
Junior tennis group coaching
Dates: from 29 Jan 2019 to 21 Dec 2019
Term 3 Junior coaching will be opened for enrollment in 2 weeks. Our Junior Tennis Coaching Program runs according to criteria from Tennis Australia. There are four levels in coaching, children need to be assessed before enrolling into a class. Players/Coach Ratio: 4:1 All coaches are cleared with "Working with Children Check" Please feel free to send us enquiry for more information. This booking is for assessment only. After assessment is completed, we will be able to offer you a class level, time and day for your child(ren)'s enrollment in the term. This booking is for assessment ONLY. We may be able to offer an one off trial, availability is subject to lesson enrollment. - Participants must be assessed before joining any tennis program. For a free assessment please contact us via email. - Places are subject to availability and at the absolute discretion of SUSF. - Junior Tennis programs operate in accordance with the NSW Public School Terms calendar. - Term payments must be made in full before the start of the first lesson. If payment has not been made admission to the lesson will not be permitted. - All group lessons are to be booked and paid for in advance. - All Tennis Programs are non-refundable and non-transferable. Once payment is accepted, the time and day of coaching become fixed for the duration of school term. - SUSF reserves the right to change the day and time of the class if there are not enough participants to sustain the viability of the class. - SUSF reserves the right to cancel any programs at any time.
We live and breathe tennis and are absolutely passionate about it. We understand that everybody has different tennis goals and a different journey. So whether you are here just for a coffee and playing some social tennis, trying to make the next division in your local competition, need some advice on your backhand or need some new equipment, we have you covered with the best advice. We believe in creative teaching techniques but also in being able to do the simple things exceptionally well. We hope ... Read more to share your passion, skills and knowledge with you.
Weekly Tennis Coaching for all ages and abilities. Competitions available for neighbouring towns. School holiday sessions available for children. Restringing and Head racquets available for purchase.
Tennis is a fun sport that everyone can play & it's easy to get started. Lessons are available for every age and ability from juniors to adults, Monday to Friday. Services also available for schools and disabilities. Please contact us for more information.
ANZ Tennis Hot Shot Lessons during school term. Holiday Tennis clinics every school holidays
If you want to play tennis in Sydney you will not find a more convenient location than the Sydney Centre for Tennis. Located in the heart of Camperdown, the Sydney Centre for Tennis is open for all ages and skill levels. We are just 10 minutes from Central Rail by bus, in easy reach of the University of Sydney and the University of Technology Sydney. A quick walk from Newtown, Glebe or Annandale. Our courts and facilities feature state-of-the-art lighting and surfacing. We are wheelchair accessible. ... Read more The off court rest area provides a sun-safe sanctuary for observers or during play breaks. Customer Service staff are on site to assist from 3.30pm to 7.30pm Monday to Friday and 8am to 12pm Saturday and Sunday. Call us to book.
We are a family run business with over 23 years experience. We service adults and children and multiple schools, incorporating tennis into the school curriculum on the northern beaches of Sydney. Programs: Ladies clinic, Adult and junior group lessons, Cardio tennis, Round robins, Adult and junior competitions, Birthday parties, Social events, Corporate events and Private lessons. Whether your a weekend warrior or looking to play competitively, we are the place to be. Qualifications: We ... Read more have level 3 professional coaches with the most up to date knowledge and skill sets in tennis. All our coaches are trained to adopt the Tennis Australia's Hot Shot program to ensure your children are exposed to the successful tennis pathways. Join us for the best tennis experience on the Northern Beaches, Sydney.


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ATLANTA BALTIMORE BIRMINGHAM HASKINS & SELLS PHILADELPHIA PITTSBURGH PORTLAND BOSTON CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS PROVIDENCE BUFFALO SAINT LOUIS CHICAGO SALT LAKE CITY CINCINNATI SAN DIEGO CLEVELAND BULLETIN SAN FRANCISCO DALLAS SEATTLE DENVER TULSA DETROIT WATERTOWN KANSAS CITY LOS ANGELES BERLIN MINNEAPOLIS HAVANA NEWARK LONDON NEW ORLEANS EXECUTIVE OFFICES PARIS NEW YORK HASKINS & SELLS BUILDING 37 WEST 39TH ST., NEW YORK SHANGHAI VOL. VII NEW YORK, DECEMBER, 1924 No. 12 Embezzlement Prevention THE proverbial "ounce of prevention" has its application to fiduciary lapses as definitely and specifically as to anything to which it may be applied. The recovery of funds misappropriated is uniformly attended with time, annoyance, and grief; often with worry and additional expense. One of the characteristics of defalcations is that they usually have their beginnings in small amounts. It is equally true that most defalcations might have been minimized in amount, if not prevented, by precautions of accounting system, properly planned assignment of duties and routine, internal control and check, and independent audit. While the last mentioned is frequently efficacious as a deterrent and means of detection, the other precautions, if exercised, frequently would eliminate the necessity for independent audits considered solely from the viewpoint of discovering irregularities. The number of instances wherein employers would be guilty of contributory negligence, were a defalcation to occur, is almost beyond belief. Not only does the employer fail to surround his funds with natural safeguards, but at times he actually puts temptation in the way of honest employes and encourages them to steal. A certain concern which is by no means an exception in this respect employs as bookkeeper a man who also acts as cashier. This individual, or someone under his direction and control, prepares the sales invoices, makes the charges to customers accounts, enters the credits for returns and allowances, keeps the cash book, handles the cash, makes deposits, prepares and enters disbursement checks, reconciles the bank account, sends out statements to customers, takes the trial balances from the customers ledger and runs the general ledger. To the dishonestly inclined cashier, what could be easier? The ways in which irregularities may be perpetrated are legion. Probably all have not been discovered yet. But there are enough opportunities under the conditions just described to satisfy the most nefarious crook. Nothing on the face of the earth except an armed guard will prevent, as once happened, an employe who is an out and out thief from putting the money for a Saturday morning pay-roll in his pocket Friday evening and walking out with it, never to return. This illustration is the more ironical because in the case which suggests it, the cashier, on his way out, passed through the room in which public accountants were working and bade them "good-night," if not "good-by." The number of employes, their lack of attainment, or other limitations of one kind or another, within an organization may interfere with an ideal assignment or arrangement of duties. Generally speaking, however, it is ill-advised to allow the
Object Description
Embezzlement prevention
Haskins & Sells Bulletin, Vol. 07, no. 12 (1924 December), p. 89-90
|Originally published by: Haskins & Sells
|Deloitte Digital Collection
|Digital Publisher
|University of Mississippi Libraries. Accounting Collection
|Date-Digitally Created
|HS Bulletin 7-p89


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Architecture: Norman McGrath brings his photos to Denver Nov. 17
Norman McGrath produces the kind of photographs that stop you dead in your tracks – beautiful shots of buildings mostly, that capture views you might have missed even if you lived or worked in the structures. He's spent a half century shooting skyscrapers, museums and works of art, publishing the material in several books.
McGrath will share some of his favorite images and give a talk about architectural photography at the Denver Press Club on Thursday, Nov. 17, in a program put together by the Colorado Chapter of the American Society of Media Photographers
The cost is $15 for members, $10 for students, $20 for nonmembers.
An additional field workshop will take place on Saturday November 19th. The details, yet to be finalized, will be posted at asmpcolorado.org. You can make reservations for either event at the same web address.
The event is sponsored by the Canon Explorers of Light program, which presents and supports the work of top photographers.


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Bert Craven, enterprise architect at easyJet, has said that IT departments should loosen their controls and let business users buy and deploy software-as-a-service (Saas) applications in order to drive innovation.
He believes that IT should always secure and ring-fence core systems that are vital to the business' operations, but it shouldn't block tech-savvy business employees trying to deliver value through the public cloud.
"There have been secret PCs under people's desks as long as there have been PCs - stuff that IT didn't know about. IT has to decide the level of control that it really needs, not the level of control that it wants," Craven told Computerworld UK.
"Lots of IT departments want to control everything, but we should be asking ourselves: what is the bare minimum of control and governance that we need to exert to make sure that nobody gets fired?"
He added: "You can only control so much and ultimately there are very determined people that will find a way around you, because it's getting easier to buy stuff in the cloud. If you give everybody a little bit of freedom it's far more beneficial."
Craven's comments come off the back of a Forrester and Microsoft report that has been released this week that finds that there are an increasing number of cloud projects coming out of businesses that are not driven out of the IT function. The report describes the business people driving these innovative projects as 'change agents', who are finding value for their company independently of IT, in the cloud.
Computerworld UK also spoke to Rob Fraser, CTO of cloud services at Microsoft, who said that these public cloud projects are almost always focused on applications and are important for companies if they want to drive business value.
"We have been finding ourselves engaging with a broader range of characters within the organisation, whether that be CMOs, product designers or heads of business lines," said Fraser.
"Change agents are having an important impact in terms of being able to deliver business transformation and real value in the cloud. SaaS is being used as an important and effective tool in fostering innovation and business transformation in the company."
He added: "These projects are exclusively focused on applications, which reinforces the idea that the business doesn't really care about infrastructure, what they care about is functionality."
easyJet's Craven urged other businesses to consider developing a set of APIs that that allowed 'change agents' to go off and buy SaaS that can be easily integrated into the company's core systems.
"At easyJet there are things that are the absolute crown jewels of the business that are for very good reason completely ring-fenced - for example, our engineering system, our aircraft information management system, our reservation system. These are systems where hours of downtime mean our organisation grinds to a halt," he said.
"If you do these core things well and surround them with a rich set of APIs so that the marketing department can go off and find a third party to build some mobile apps, why shouldn't they? That's not our core business."
He added: "I don't want to go out and hire twenty iPhone developers. We have got a company in Ireland - I'm not even sure who they are - but they turn out a damn good app once a month and we just plug them into our API."
But how does easyJet control this without creating a sprawl of applications in the public cloud that link to its IT estate but isn't being run through the IT department itself? Craven said that easyJet doesn't even have a policy of employees needing to ask the IT department's permission to go to the cloud, but insists that it inevitably ends up getting involved because it has created a culture where business units don't feel scared to tell IT what it is doing.
"We do governance but we do it in the lightest possible way, with a minimum amount of friction placed on the organisation. I've never heard it phrased as 'they've got to come to us first', but they come to us because they know once that the app is up and running, if something goes wrong with it, the end-users will phone the helpdesk. If the helpdesk have never heard of it, that looks bad," he said.
"We have built an ecosystem using cloud that fosters innovation. If you do this then nobody feels the need to bypass you - you are the enabler and not the blocker."
It was revealed last year that EasyJet had completed the roll-out of a new website content management system designed to help convert more website visits to sales and 49 percent of all UK adults with internet access visited the site in the first quarter of 2012.
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There's a new online resource available on the latest in electrical circuit protection technology, thanks to the Low-Voltage Distribution Equipment Section (LVDE) of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Rosslyn, Va. The new Web site (www.AFCIsafety.org), launched in early May, is devoted to educating homeowners, electrical contractors, and anyone involved in home construction about arc fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs).
Getting up to speed on this topic is more important than ever, given the fact that anticipation of the controversial expansion of AFCIs will become a reality in the 2008 National Electrical Code (NEC). Revised wording in 210.12 will require combination-type AFCI protection for all 15A and 20A, single-phase, 120V circuits in dwelling units by Jan. 1, 2008. (The combination-type AFCI detects both parallel and series arcing at lower current levels than its predecessors.)
Through this Web site, NEMA hopes to accomplish the following objectives:
Increase the level of awareness of AFCI technology and its uses in residential applications.
Inform about the differences between branch/feeder AFCIs, combination AFCIs, and GFCI devices.
Provide information related to AFCIs' preventive aspects of arcing faults and their links to fire safety.
Highlight proper installation and operation of AFCI devices.
The site offers a variety of educational resources on AFCI technology, including specific product information, definitions of the latest NEC requirements, a Q&A section, expert endorsements and testimonials, and links to Web sites of AFCI supporters and manufacturers. Visitors can also download brochures and view presentations highlighting the technology's safety benefits, its installation and use, and the overall impact AFCIs may have on the residential construction industry.
"The new Web site is NEMA's way to make homeowners, builders, and electrical contractors aware of the safety benefits that AFCIs provide," says Gerard Winstanley, LVDE technical program manager for NEMA. "Safety needs to be the No. 1 priority in home construction, and the expanded NEC requirements for AFCIs support this important safety measure."
AFCIs are endorsed by the National Fire Protection Association, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the Electrical Safety Foundation International, and other organizations. Although there are still those in the industry who oppose the expansion of AFCI requirements in the home, the CPSC estimates that AFCI protection in homes nationwide could prevent more than 50% of an estimated 67,800 home fires each year.


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- America's #1 Car Donation Charity
or call 1-800-242-7489
Relax. We do the rest.
within 24 Hours
(same day pickup possible)
Full "Fair Market" Value
Tax Deduction Possible*
Donate a Car by simply calling 1-800-CHARITY CARS or fill out the online car donation form. Once we receive your vehicle and donor information our representatives will contact you to schedule a convenient time for our free tow service to pick up your tax-deductible vehicle donation. Help a struggling family get back on the road. Donate a car today.
To learn more, visit our page about the car donation process.
When you donate a car to Charity Cars, running or not, 100% of your donation goes to our charity and helps us provide the gift of transportation to a family in need. Cars that do not qualify to be given to a family are sold and help fund repairs to program cars. This way, even if your car does not run, you are helping a family receive a reliable, working car.
Your Donation Changes the Lives Of:
Charity Cars' experience with recipients is that the receipt of a vehicle donation has a profound effect upon their outlook on life. When we donate a car to these deserving people they seem to experience a rebirth of hope and self-esteem leading to renewed energy and ambition to succeed. Many individuals who have received donated vehicles have even expressed the feeling that they have been given a second chance at life. Few vehicle donation programs can impact the quality of life of the disadvantaged as immediately and dramatically as the Charity Cars donation program can.
Year after year, Charity Cars leads the nation in providing free vehicles to struggling families all across America. The relationship of the American people with their automobiles has traditionally been a deep-rooted love affair. The automobile has been and continues to be a symbol of personal freedom and self-sufficiency. This may explain, in part, why the Charity Cars donation program has been so enthusiastically embraced by the general public and has elicited so many vehicle donations. Many donors report that they can empathize with the poor who lack a vehicle in our car-dependent society, having had the experience themselves.
Charity Cars began pairing donated cars with families in 1996. Our mission is to assist disadvantaged families as they are transitioning from a life of dependency to a life of self-sufficiency. We are a 501(C) (3) non-profit organization; and we are the first car donation charity of its kind in the nation.
Charity Cars' donation program has been featured on Oprah, ABC's Good Morning America, CBS Morning News, the Montel Williams Show as well as national publications, such as People Magazine, The Non-Profit Times, The Chronicle of Philanthropy and the Associated Press, to name a few.


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Local, instructor-led live Auto-Keras training courses demonstrate through interactive hands-on practice how to use Auto-Keras to automate the process of selecting and optimizing a machine learning model.
Auto-Keras training is available as "onsite live training" or "remote live training". Onsite live Auto-Keras training can be carried out locally on customer premises in Canada or in NobleProg corporate training centers in Canada. Remote live training is carried out by way of an interactive, remote desktop.
Auto-Keras is also known as Autokeras or Auto Keras.
NobleProg -- Your Local Training Provider
We are looking to expand our presence in Canada!
If you are interested in running a high-tech, high-quality training and consulting business.Apply now!


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My uncle, Leland Keith Bergeron (fourth from the left, front row). WWII veteran serving in the 8th Air Force, 440th BG based out of Rattlesden Field in East Anglia. This B17 crew came together at Moses Lake, WA, for training. They then flew to England and went on to complete their required number of missions with everyone continuing to serve in the position that they were assigned with the same unit of men. Something that rarely happened during WWII and a source of pride of all the crew members. This crew was regularly assigned to aircraft known as Stormy Weather and American Maid. Lee served as the crew's engineer (top turret gunner). Proudly remembering Uncle Lee and his crew this coming Memorial Day.
"Stormy Weather." Digital Image. Undated. Original photograph privately held by
Cindy Bergeron Scherwinski (c) 2011.


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TRENTON, N.J. (AP) - Members of Congress investigating shortages of crucial drugs are targeting nearly two dozen fake pharmacies allegedly set up solely to buy and resell the drugs at huge markups.
Two senators and one U.S. representative on Wednesday sent letters to three individuals believed to have obtained licenses to operate both a pharmacy and a prescription drug wholesale business in a 'shell game' - to make money by taking advantage of the drug shortage crisis that's disrupting hospital and other patient care. The letters request detailed information by April 11 about the businesses and their purchases and resale of cancer and other lifesaving drugs.
The letters were sent by Rep. Elijah Cummings, the ranking Democrat on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, along with Sen. John D. Rockefeller, chairman of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and Sen. Tom Harkin, chairman of the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions.
Cummings sent letters to 19 other pharmacies that may be doing the same thing, but investigation of those companies is in an earlier stage.
The three lawmakers have been investigating the role of the wholesalers, known as 'gray marketers,' together with government agencies and hospital and pharmacy groups. Their letters state that they've found evidence of pharmacies speculating by buying prescription drugs in short supply from legitimate wholesalers, transferring those medicines to their own wholesale company and then selling them to other gray marketers at exorbitant markups.
'If it's not illegal, we're going to have to find a way to make it illegal, because this threatens virtually every person in the country,' Cummings told The Associated Press in an interview.
Laws vary by state, but generally wholesalers may only buy drugs from manufacturers or other licensed wholesalers.
Drug shortages have been wreaking havoc in hospital pharmacies, forcing doctors to postpone chemotherapy and surgeries and give patients treatments that may be less effective, have more-serious side effects or cost substantially more.
Patients have had to endure unnecessary discomfort, preventable complications and longer hospital stays, which is costing hospitals millions of extra dollars. Most of the drugs that are unavailable or hard to find are generic injectable drugs that normally would be cheap, including sedatives for surgery and powerful antibiotics and painkillers.
An Associated Press investigation last fall found at least 15 deaths since 2010 have been caused by the shortages, which have set a record high in each of the past five years. Future treatments also are endangered, as patient testing of new experimental medicines has been delayed or halted by lack of the standard medicines against which they must be compared.
The lawmakers' investigation found evidence of one transaction where a licensed pharmacy called Priority Healthcare bought a chemotherapy drug called fluorouracil for $6.77 per vial. A distributor it owned called Tri-Med America allegedly soon sold the cancer medicine to another company for more than 10 times the initial price - $69 per vial.
The other two pairs of companies under investigation are Columbia Med Services and Columbia Medical Distributors, and LTC Pharmacy and International Pharmaceuticals Inc.
The presidents of Priority Healthcare/Tri-Med America and Columbia Med Services/Columbia Medical Distributors did not return calls seeking comment. Jessica Hoppe, who is listed as the president and owner of both LTC Pharmacy and International Pharmaceuticals, declined to comment.
'We are following this paper trail and intend to see whether people with life-threatening illnesses had trouble finding the medications they need because of these companies' business practices,' Rockefeller said in a statement.
Cummings noted a doctor who testified at a Nov. 30 hearing of his committee, Dr. Michelle Hudspeth of Medical University of South Carolina, said 'she has to practice medicine as if she were in a Third World country because of the shortage of medicines.'
LTC Pharmacy, which has been under investigation by the North Carolina Board of Pharmacy, surrendered its operating permit last September, and International Pharmaceuticals was denied a permit renewal. The two businesses shared offices in a building in Durham, N.C., but had no actual pharmacy, according to the board.
The letter to Hoppe noted it appears International Pharmaceuticals has active wholesaler licenses in at least 23 other states.
Manufacturing lapses and production shutdowns for contamination and other serious problems are behind many of the shortages, and there's no quick fix for those problems. Other reasons include increased demand for some drugs, companies ending production of some drugs with tiny profit margins, consolidation in the generic drug industry and limited supplies of some ingredients.
Yet some gray marketers - who may not be licensed, authorized distributors - have used the crisis to make money by cornering the market on drugs in short supply and then offering them to desperate hospital pharmacists and cancer clinics at outrageous markups.
Currently, there are 268 prescription drugs in short supply in the U.S. That includes 34 new shortages reported this year, 204 that began in 2010 or 2011 and remain unresolved, and others that have persisted even longer, according to Erin R. Fox, manager of the University of Utah Drug Information Service, which tracks national drug shortages.
A report based on a survey last summer said that hospitals forced to buy crucial drugs from wholesalers outside their normal distribution chain were being charged markups averaging 650 percent. In one case, a drug for dangerously high blood pressure, normally priced at $25.90 per dose, was being offered to hospitals for $1,200.
--- Online: http://democrats.oversight.house.gov/index.php?option=com-content&view=article&id=5647&Itemid=119
--- Linda A. Johnson can be followed at https://twitter.com/LindaJ-onPharma


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Fiji is getting a strong dose of khaki democracy as its de facto military rulers shift from "go slow" to "go fast" on the road to elections they've promised next year. It's a shift that could create big problems forNew Zealand.
This week, Commodore Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama is coming home to a stormy political scene in the country he's ruled for six years after Fiji's fourth and latest coup. He's been in New York, for Fiji's installation in the chair of the G77 group of 119 developing nations plus China– a move that marks his country's growing international influence as the world moves into the Age of the Pacific. That's worry number one.
Most New Zealanders know something about the event that's stoked the storm – a showdown at the Government Printers on 22 December between Fiji police and the chair of the Fiji Constitution Commission, Professor Yash Ghai.
Chairman Ghai had just finished overseeing the printing of 600 copies of the draft Constitution he'd presented to Fiji's President the previous day. The police seized the copies, burnt some before Ghai's incredulous eyes, and then left. That's worry number two.
Ghai was left to air his complaints to the media, including an accusation that the Fiji Government had imposed "an illegal ban on the publication of the draft constitution and the Commission's explanatory statements. He countered the police action by releasing both for publication in full on the London-based FijiLeaks website.
This development leaves the governments of New Zealand, Australia, Britain and the United States in an awkward position. After all, they'd jointly contributed around $1.7 million to support the work of the Ghai Commission - only to see its reports seized by the police. The Christmas confrontation was a jarring contradiction of the dove-cooing diplomacy that was going on between them for most of 2012.
Last July, two months after the Fiji Constitution Commission started its work, Foreign Minister Murray McCully, his Australian counterpart Senator Bob Carr and Fiji's Foreign Minister Inoke Kubuabola met in Sydney. There'd been enough progress for the three Ministers to agree to exchange High Commissioners and to review the travel sanctions on Fijians linked to the Bainimarama administration. In October, the three met again in New York and reaffirmed their intention to continue working together to supportFiji's return to democracy.
Now, McCully describes the "trashing of the work of the Commission" as a "backward step" and "a very disappointing development". He's talking with Kubuabola to get an "understanding of what was happening". Since that guarded response, the New Zealand Government has maintained a diplomatic silence on the issue. And so have our mainstream media.
It should have come as no surprise. Anyone who cares to look closely enough could have seen the prospect of a train wreck since last May.
On 14 May, former director of development studies at the University of the South Pacific Crosbie Walsh signaled that Kenyan-born constitutional authority Ghai was "no pushover". Ghai had resigned from his home country's Constitution Review Commission in 2004 over government heel-dragging, resigned from a UN posting in Cambodia in 2008 after bitter arguments with the Cambodian government, and last year called for the impeachment of Kenya's president for lobbying against International Criminal Court trials of associates charged with genocide.
On 18 July, the Bainimarama government issued two decrees – one governing the process of the Ghai Commission and the other authorizing the Prime Minister to appoint a Constituent Assembly to process the Ghai Commission's recommendations into a final Constitution for the country. The second decree also requires the Constituent Assembly to preserve immunities from prosecution for a list of coup-makers and supporters (including the Commodore and members of the military, police force, corrections service, Cabinet Ministers and other individuals in State Services) granted by decrees issued in 1990, 1996, and 2010.
The next day, members of the Ghai Commission hit the roof. Their joint public statement said the decrees ignored essential principles of democracy by determining issues on which there had been no public consultation and negated the independence of the Commission. Ghai also said that "since members of the government may wish to compete in the forthcoming election, it is important that they should not control the process that will set out the rules for the elections."
It was subsequently revealed by FijiLeaks that the Commission had developed a long list of other noxious government decrees that would require attention during the country's return to democracy.
Relations between Bainimarama and Ghai finally rose to toxic level last October when the Commodore discovered that Ghai had employed a former Vice President of Fiji, Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi, as a consultant. Madraiwiwi had been forcibly removed from his office and official residence during the Commodore's coup. He had also appeared before the Ghai Commission to make a submission arguing against some of the fundamental principles decreed to guide the development of the Constitution.
Bainimarama claimed Madraiwiwi's involvement with the Commission as a consultant as well as a submitting party breached the rule that the Commission's consultants had to be "politically neutral". Ghai argued the toss. The Commodore was obviously in no mood for drawn-out academic debate. On 31 October, he had another decree issued to bring the Constitution Commission under tighter control.
The new decree required the Commission to present monthly reports, listing all staff and consultants and a record of all its financial transactions. On top of that, the original decrees governing the Commission and the Constituent Assembly were amended to remove requirements for any further public hearings by either of these bodies. That removed Ghai's excuse for publishing and distributing copies of the Commission's draft recommendations before Ghai went to the printery in December.
Bainimarama has also undermined Ghai's claim that he was banning the publication of draft constitution. He says it is to be presented to the Constituent Assembly when he calls it together next month, together with an "improved" draft currently being prepared by his Justice Ministry for consideration by the Assembly. But we've yet to see it happen.
This week, the Commodore's government issued yet another decree, tightening the screws on Fijians and political parties preparing to contest the promised elections next year. This decree requires parties to have a minimum of 5,000 members, with membership and offices spread across the four divisions ofFiji. The parties must complete their registration within 28 days starting next Friday.
Members of statutory boards, the judiciary, military, police force, corrections service, other public service organisations, trade unions and the Employers Federation are not permitted to be officials or in the initial 5,000 members of political parties seeking registration. That's a sizeable chunk ofFiji's population being forced to quit their jobs, their parliamentary ambitions, or their politics.
The decree also limits political party funding to sums of no more than $10,000 from the same source. Contributions from companies, foreign government, inter-government and non-government organizations are prohibited.
The Commodore looks like he's taking his country on a fast, rough ride to deliver "Democracy – My Way" and in one colour: khaki.


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In the rush to privatize the country's schools, corporations and politicians have decimated school budgets, replaced teaching with standardized testing, and placed the blame on teachers and students.
New approaches to kindergarten offer us a glimpse of what childhood used to be, and still could be—the modern re-creation of the children's garden. If we looked to these examples, we might be able to rescue childhood.
New Mexico's traditional landrace chile varieties have adapted to hot days, cold nights, and long dry spells. But can they survive modern agribusiness?
There are huge profits to be made in privatization, and much of it will come from teacher pay.
For decades the myth of failing public schools justified industrial-scale testing and a privatization agenda. Now radical educators are bursting the bubble test, getting culturally relevant, and restoring justice to the classroom.
Musical inspiration while putting out this issue.
Devices we use every day are turning our personal data over to huge corporations. But can we win our privacy back?
When it comes to limiting digital rights, big companies are in cahoots with governments like never before. But the belief that everyone deserves safe, affordable, and private access to the Internet is taking off.
"The United States of Energy" was a colorful series of lessons on the advantages of coal, aimed at 4th-graders—and sponsored by Big Coal. Here's how educators and activists worked together to get it out of classrooms.
In the tradition of "Maus" and "Persepolis," "March" tells the story of young African Americans who, like its author, rose up from the Jim Crow South to assert their human rights.
Parents, students, and teachers all over the country have joined the revolt to liberate our kids from a test-obsessed education system.
In her new book, Diane Ravitch—one of the leading thinkers behind the controversial Bush-era law—explores how the faulty logic of high-stakes testing, charter school expansion, and privatization hinders education.
On the heels of pot legalization in Washington and Colorado, the movement for less punitive drug policy is coalescing at every level. Its new leaders could come from the very countries that have suffered the most.


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This information is produced and provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The information in this topic may have changed since it was written. For the most current information, contact the National Cancer Institute via the Internet web site at http://cancer.gov or call 1-800-4-CANCER.
Tumors of the endocrine pancreas are a collection of tumor cell types collectively referred to as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). These tumors originate in islet cells. Although they may be similar or identical in histologic appearance to carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, differences in their underlying biology and likely differences in response to therapeutic agents suggest that they should be treated and investigated as a distinct entity.[1] They are uncommon cancers with about 1,000 new cases per year in the United States.[2] They account for 3% to 5% of pancreatic malignancies and overall have a better prognosis than the more common pancreatic exocrine tumors.[2,3] Five-year survival is about 55% when the tumors are localized and resected but only about 15% when the tumors are not resectable.[3] Overall 5-year survival rate is about 42%.[2]Figure 1. Cancer of the Pancreas: Relative Survival Rates (%) by Histologic Subtype, Ages 20+, 12 SEER Areas, 1988-2001. Key, C. Ch 7: Cancer of the pancreas. In: Ries LAG, Young JL, Keel GE, et al. (eds). SEER Survival Monograph: Cancer Survival Among Adults: U.S. SEER Program, 1988-2001, Patient and Tumor Characteristics. National Cancer Institute, SEER Program, NIH Pub. No. 07-6215, Bethesda, MD, 2007.
Most pancreatic NETs are sporadic, but some occur as part of the autosomal dominant multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN-1) inherited syndrome consisting of tumors of the anterior pituitary, parathyroid, and endocrine pancreas glands, which results from the inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene Menin located on chromosome 11q13.[4] When part of the MEN-1 syndrome, there may be multiple pancreatic tumors.
Islet tumors may either be functional (produce one or more active hormones) or nonfunctional.[4] The functional tumors, which usually present with symptoms of hormone hypersecretion, include:
Most islet cell cancers are functional, but about 15% are nonfunctional, with presentations similar to the far more common exocrine adenocarcinomas of the pancreas.[5,6,7] Because of the presence of several cell types in the pancreatic islets (alpha, beta, delta, A, B, C, D, E, F), the term, islet cell tumors, refers to at least five distinct cancers that, when functional, produce unique metabolic and clinical characteristics. The clinical manifestations in functional tumors may result from the distinctive metabolic effects of the polypeptide(s) secreted by the cancer cells rather than from tumor bulk or metastatic disease. Functional tumors may even be too small to be detected by conventional imaging techniques.
Nonfunctional tumors tend to present at later clinical stages with symptoms attributable to mass effect or metastases.[4] Although nonfunctional tumors do not produce specific clinical syndromes, they may secrete inactive amine and peptide products such as the following:
The frequent long delays between initial symptoms and diagnosis and the varied effects of the polypeptides secreted often necessitate involvement of multiple surgical and medical subspecialties. Surgery is the only curative modality. Surgery is often used even in the setting of metastatic disease to alleviate the symptoms of hormonal hypersecretion.[4] Effective palliation may be achieved because of the slow-growing nature of the majority of these tumors and the potential use of antihormonal pharmacologic therapy (e.g., cimetidine in the ulcer-producing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). In patients with indolent, slow-growing metastatic islet cell tumors, the best therapy may be careful observation, and no treatment until palliation is required. In patients with MEN-1 in which 85% have pancreatic islet cell tumors, 90% have hyperparathyroidism, and 65% have pituitary tumors, and they are less likely to be cured by pancreatic resection than are patients with sporadic islet cell tumors. With the exception of pain relief from bone metastases, radiation therapy has a limited role in this disease.
Tumor localization and staging studies include imaging with computed tomography (CT) with or without magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopic ultrasound. In addition, somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy and single-photon emission CT may be useful adjuncts. However, somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy has diminished utility in localizing insulinomas versus other pancreatic NETs, since insulinomas often have a low density of somatostatin receptors.[4] If the noninvasive tests do not reveal a tumor, but clinical suspicion remains high, more invasive and technically demanding tests, such as selective arteriography or selective arterial stimulation (with a secretagogue specific for the suspected tumor type), may be useful.[7]
Some of the tumor types have unique characteristics that require specific approaches in their diagnosis and initial evaluation:
Diagnosis is dependent on elevated serum gastrin and elevated gastric acid levels. Provocative testing with calcium and secretin shows considerable overlap, and the value of these tests is limited. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a syndrome of unrelenting peptic ulcer disease, diarrhea, and gastric hyperacidity, associated with a gastrin-producing tumor. (Refer to the Diarrhea section in the PDQ summary on Gastrointestinal Complications for more information.) It accounts for less than 1% of all peptic ulcer disease. About 15% to 35% of gastrinomas are associated with the MEN-1 syndrome and up to 50% are malignant. Up to 33% of gastrinomas have liver metastases.[4]
Diagnostic tests:
Insulinomas are far more likely to be benign than malignant. Only 10% are multiple, and only 10% are malignant. About 5% to 8% are associated with MEN-1 syndrome.[4] The clinical manifestations are those of hypoglycemia, which results from inappropriate secretion of insulin by the tumor. Fasting hypoglycemia (<40 mg/dL) associated with an elevated insulin level (in the absence of exogenous administration of insulin) is pathognomonic. Measurement of plasma proinsulin may be helpful for diagnosing insulin-secreting carcinomas. These tumors are usually slow-growing tumors and, when localized to the pancreas or regional lymph nodes, can be cured with pancreatic resection.
The approach to management depends on carefully performed preoperative localization studies and the findings at exploratory laparotomy. In a retrospective case series of 30 patients with 32 pancreatic insulinomas, the combination of preoperative dual-phase thin-section multidetector CT and endoscopic sonography correctly identified and localized all of the tumors.[8] These tests, with or without MRI, have replaced older, more invasive, and technically challenging tests, such as percutaneous transhepatic portal venous sampling and arterial stimulation with venous sampling except for unusual circumstances in which the imaging tests are unsuccessful.[4,9]
Glucagonoma is the third most common endocrine-secreting islet cell tumor. About 75% of glucagonomas are malignant.[4] Necrolytic migratory erythema, hyperglycemia, and venous thrombosis comprise a virtually diagnostic triad. A serum glucagon level greater than 1000 pg/mL confirms the diagnosis. These tumors tend to be large and easily visible on CT scan. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy scanning may be a useful adjunct in detecting metastases.
Miscellaneous Islet Cell Tumors
These tumors are rare but have defined clinical syndromes associated with specific production of polypeptide hormone production by islet cell tumors. Because of their rarity and similar approaches to management, they are grouped in the section on treatment. Miscellaneous tumors include the following:
A serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) greater than 200 pg/mL is diagnostic.[4] These tumors can generally be easily localized by CT scan. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy scanning may be a useful adjunct in detecting metastases.
These tumors are particularly rare. They often present with diarrhea, steatorrhea, diabetes, and/or gallstones. Decreased pancreatic secretion of enzymes and bicarbonate accounts for the diarrhea and steatorrhea. Somatostatin-mediated inhibition of cholecystokinin leads to gallstone formation. Somatostatin also inhibits insulin, producing hyperglycemia. The diagnosis is made by a fasting serum somatostatin level greater than 100 pg/mL. CT scan, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasound can usually help localize and stage the tumor. Most of these tumors are malignant and have metastases at diagnosis.
Related Summaries
Note: The American Joint Committee on Cancer has published the 7th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, which for the first time incorporates pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in the same staging system as pancreatic exocrine tumors.[1] The classification of these tumors as benign versus malignant is not always consistent, so the AJCC recommends that all pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors be staged using this system and reported to cancer registries. It also recommends that the protocol developed by the College of American Pathologists for endocrine pancreatic tumors be used to examine and stage specimens.[2]
Definitions of TNM
The American Joint Committee on Cancer has designated staging by TNM classification to define pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors).[1]
Histologic Grade (G)a
A two-, three-, or four-grade system may be used. If a grading system is not specified, generally the following system is used:
Current Clinical Trials
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with islet cell carcinoma. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
General information about clinical trials is also available from the NCI Web site.
Localized Disease
If technically and medically feasible, primary management of endocrine tumors of the pancreas involves surgical resection with curative intent. Given the rare nature of these tumors, surgical approaches are based upon case series and expert opinion rather than randomized controlled trials.[1] The surgical options listed below are based on retrospective series from single reporting centers.[2,3,4][Level of evidence: 3iiD or 3iiiD]
Adjuvant therapy has no proven benefit and is, therefore, investigational. There have been no well-controlled trials of adjuvant therapy after complete tumor resection.[5]
Surgical Cytoreduction for Metastases
Surgery plays a role even in the setting of metastatic disease. The symptoms of metastatic functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) may be ameliorated by the reduction of overall tumor burden through surgical debulking.
The liver is a common site of metastasis from pancreatic NETs. Because of the slow growth rate of many NETs, liver metastases are often resected when technically feasible. Resection of all grossly visible liver metastases can be associated with long-term survival and, in the case of symptomatic hormonally functional tumors, symptom relief.[6] Most symptoms from functional tumors respond to this form of surgical debulking. How much of the favorable survival rates is attributable to patient selection factors is not known (e.g., underlying patient condition, extent of metastases, slow doubling time, and so forth).
A variety of alternative approaches to the management of liver metastases have been reported, including gel-foam embolization or transarterial chemoembolization,[7] radioembolization with radioactive microspheres,[8,9,10] radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and percutaneous alcohol ablation. These alternative approaches have been reviewed.[11]
Results from surgical resection series appear to be more favorable than with these techniques, and surgery is considered to be the standard approach to resectable liver metastases. However, there are no high-quality studies comparing the various approaches. A systematic review of evidence comparing liver resection versus other treatments for patients with resectable liver neuroendocrine metastases found no randomized trials, or even quasi-experimental, cohort, or case-control studies in which the patient population given the alternative therapies was similar enough to the surgery group to draw reliable conclusions.[12] The evidence for resection of all grossly visible liver metastases derives solely from case series.[Level of evidence: 3iiD or 3iiiD]
In most cases, liver metastases are not completely resectable. Cytoreductive surgery, with or without radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation, has been used to palliate symptoms. A systematic review found no randomized or quasi-randomized trials comparing cytoreductive surgery to other palliative approaches such as chemotherapy or tumor product inhibitors.[13] The evidence for surgical cytoreduction of unresectable liver metastases is restricted to case series [Level of evidence: 3iiD or 3iiiD], and interpretation of outcomes may be strongly affected by patient selection factors.
Systemic Therapy for Advanced and Metastatic Disease
Somatostatin analogs may be effective in reducing the symptoms of functional tumors.[14]
Chemotherapy using drugs such as the following, either alone or in combination, has been shown to have antitumor effects, but evidence is weak or conflicting regarding the impact of chemotherapy on overall survival:[15,16,17]
More recently, a variety of systemic agents have shown biologic or palliative activity, including:[5,18]
Nearly all of the evidence of activity derives from case series.[Level of evidence 3iiiDiv] However, there are ongoing placebo-controlled randomized trials of everolimus [19] and sunitinib [20] that have been reported in abstract form showing an increase in progression-free survival in each case.[Level of evidence 1iDiii]
Favorable responses have been reported in patients with advanced progressive pancreatic NETs after treatment with several radiolabeled somatostatin analogs in which the analogs octreotide, octreotate, lanreotide, or edotreotide are stably attached to the radionuclides 111Indium, 90Ytrium, or 177Lutrium.[21,22,23] The relative efficacy of these various compounds is unknown. Study designs have been limited to case series with tumor response, biochemical response, or symptom control as the measure of efficacy.[Level of evidence 3iiiDiv]
As noted in each of the clinical situations, there is a paucity or absence of high-level evidence, and a need for randomized controlled trials.[5]
The approach to treatment often depends on the results of preoperative localization studies and findings at exploratory laparotomy. At exploration, 85% of these tumors are found in the gastrinoma triangle with 40% on the surface of the pancreas and 40% outside of the pancreas. Only 15% are found within the substance of the pancreas. Percutaneous transhepatic venous sampling may occasionally provide accurate localization of single sporadic gastrinomas. Resection (enucleation of individual tumors, if technically feasible), and even excision of liver metastases, is associated with long-term cure or disease control.[1]
Standard treatment options:
Patients with hepatic-dominant disease and substantial symptoms caused by tumor bulk or hormone-release syndromes may benefit from procedures that reduce hepatic arterial blood flow to metastases (hepatic arterial occlusion with embolization or with chemoembolization). Such treatment may also be combined with systemic chemotherapy in selected patients. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors or H2 blocking agents may aid in control of peptic symptoms.
In the era of proton pump inhibitors and H2 blocking agents, the potentially lethal hyperacidity and hypersecretory states induced by excessive gastrin production can usually be controlled. In a series of 212 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), no patients died of causes related to acid hypersecretion. Of those patients, only 2.3% had been subjected to total gastrectomy, and the cohort upon which the report was based had a long median follow-up period of 13.8 years. Although 32% of the patients died during the course of the study, only 50% of the 67 deaths were attributable to ZES-related causes. Those causes were mainly liver metastases with progressive anorexia and cachexia (67%) or secondary endocrine tumors consequent to MEN-1 syndrome. The development of bone or liver metastases (especially diffuse liver disease) or of ectopic Cushing syndrome during the study period predicted for decreased survival times.[24]
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with gastrinoma. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
Curative surgical excision, by open laparotomy or laparoscopy, is the treatment of choice when possible. The open surgical approach is used if the tumor is suspected to be malignant, since en bloc lymphadenectomy is performed for malignant tumors without distant metastases. Intraoperative ultrasound aids the localization of tumor extent and the relationship to other anatomic structures.[1]
Standard treatment options:
Patients with hepatic-dominant disease and substantial symptoms caused by tumor bulk or hormone-release syndromes may benefit from procedures that reduce hepatic arterial blood flow to metastases (hepatic arterial occlusion with embolization or with chemoembolization).[6,8,9,10,11,12] Such treatment may also be combined with systemic chemotherapy in selected patients.
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with insulinoma. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
As with the other pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, the mainstay of therapy is surgical resection, and extended survival is possible even when the disease is metastatic. Resection of metastases is also a consideration when feasible.[1]
Patients with hepatic-dominant disease and substantial symptoms caused by tumor bulk or hormone-release syndromes may benefit from procedures that reduce hepatic arterial blood flow to metastases (hepatic arterial occlusion with embolization or with chemoembolization).[6,8,9,10,11,12] Such treatment may also be combined with systemic chemotherapy in selected patients.
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with glucagonoma. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
Immediate fluid resuscitation is often necessary to correct the electrolyte and fluid problems that occur as a result of the watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria that patients experience. Somatostatin analogs are also used to ameliorate the large fluid and electrolyte losses. Once patients are stabilized, excision of the primary tumor and regional nodes is the first line of therapy for clinically localized disease. In the case of locally advanced or metastatic disease, where curative resection is not possible, debulking and removal of gross disease, including metastases, should be considered to alleviate the characteristic manifestations of VIP overproduction.[1] (Refer to the Treatment Option Overview section of this summary for information about the remaining principles of therapy.)
Complete excision is the therapy of choice, if technically possible. However, metastases often preclude curative resection, and palliative debulking can be considered to relieve symptoms.[1] (Refer to the Treatment Option Overview section of this summary for information about the remaining principles of therapy.)
Other Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
For these very rare tumors, complete surgical excision is the only curative option when technically possible, and debulking or somatostatin analogs are used for palliation of symptoms if the tumor is functional. (Refer to the Treatment Option Overview section of this summary for information about the remaining principles of therapy.)
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with islet cell tumor. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
There is no established therapy for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that recur or progress after prior therapy.[1] Deciding on further treatment depends on many factors, including:
Attempts at re-resection of local tumors that have recurred or metastatic lesions may offer palliation, when technically feasible. Intra-arterial chemotherapy is a consideration for patients with liver metastases. Patients with hepatic-dominant disease and substantial symptoms caused by tumor bulk or hormone-release syndromes may benefit from continuous-infusion intra-arterial chemotherapy or procedures that reduce hepatic arterial blood flow to metastases (hepatic arterial occlusion with embolization or with chemoembolization).[2,3,4,5,6,7] Such treatment may also be combined with systemic chemotherapy. A variety of systemic agents have shown biologic or palliative activity,[1,8] including:
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with recurrent islet cell carcinoma. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.
Editorial changes were made to this summary.
Purpose of This Summary
This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors). It is intended as a resource to inform and assist clinicians who care for cancer patients. It does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions.
Reviewers and Updates
This summary is reviewed regularly and updated as necessary by the PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Board members review recently published articles each month to determine whether an article should:
Changes to the summaries are made through a consensus process in which Board members evaluate the strength of the evidence in the published articles and determine how the article should be included in the summary.
The lead reviewers for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Treatment are:
Any comments or questions about the summary content should be submitted to Cancer.gov through the Web site's Contact Form. Do not contact the individual Board Members with questions or comments about the summaries. Board members will not respond to individual inquiries.
Levels of Evidence
Some of the reference citations in this summary are accompanied by a level-of-evidence designation. These designations are intended to help readers assess the strength of the evidence supporting the use of specific interventions or approaches. The PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board uses a formal evidence ranking system in developing its level-of-evidence designations.
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PDQ is a registered trademark. Although the content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text, it cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless it is presented in its entirety and is regularly updated. However, an author would be permitted to write a sentence such as "NCI's PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks succinctly: [include excerpt from the summary]."
The preferred citation for this PDQ summary is:
National Cancer Institute: PDQ® Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Treatment. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Date last modified <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/isletcell/HealthProfessional. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>.
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Peyton Manning donates $581,000 to children's organizations in Colorado and other states
Last month, Broncos quarterback Peyton Manning gave $500,000 to the Pat Summitt Foundation for the fight against Alzheimer's Disease.
Today, Manning's PeyBack Foundation is donating $581,000 that will be distributed to more than 90 youth-based community organizations in Colorado, Indiana, Tennessee and Louisiana for 2013.
Add it up and Manning has donated more than $1.081 million in the past two months.
"The mission and work of the PeyBack Foundation is something we are very passionate about," Manning said in a statement.
"We are pleased to add Colorado to our giving cycle and are proud of the positive impact that so many youth-based organizations in this state, as well as in Indiana, Tennessee and Louisiana, have on our communities."
In Colorado, 37 youth-related charities will receive a total of $288,750 in grants. Twelve organizations in Indiana will receive $52,500 while 15 Louisiana organizations will receive $78,750 and 25 Tennessee organizations will receive $161,000.
The PeyBack Foundation, a public non-profit corporation, was established by Manning in 1999 to promote the future success of disadvantaged youth by assisting programs that provide leadership growth and opportunities for children at risk. The PeyBack Foundation has donated more than $6.5 million through its grants and programs since its inception.


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Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
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SKF lubrication system helps cement mill increase availability and safety while decreasing grease costs
The challenge
Costly downtime and high monthly grease expenses often followed. As some points were manually re-lubricated, workers risked being burnt by hot clinker particles. Looking for a solution that would increase process availability, cut costs and increase safety, the mill turned to SKF.


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How did Usain Bolt celebrate winning a ninth Olympic gold medal?
He went into a darkened Olympic Stadium, surrounded by volunteers — and started throwing a javelin.
After his news conference ended in the wee hours of Saturday morning, the Jamaican sprint superstar who says the Rio Games are his last Olympics came back onto the track with most of the lights in the stadium having already been turned off.
Bolt took a couple throws of the javelin, the last one going about 50 meters.
He posed for some pictures afterward, the javelin — which he requested a formal measurement of — still stuck in the Olympic Stadium turf.
Bolt's final throw, by the way, would have earned him a sixth-place finish at this year's Jamaican national championships.