text:
OGC Newsletter - January 2007
CTO'S MESSAGE OGC standards and the Geospatial Web Carl Reed, Chief Technology Officer, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. I recently read a number of blog entries about the role of OGC standards in the evolution of the Geospatial Web. A number of bloggers suggest that many OGC standards are neither required nor relevant for use in the Geospatial Web. Other bloggers believe that OGC standards have a central role in providing the interoperability foundation of the Geospatial Web.
My view is more centrist. The Geospatial Web has been evolving since the mid 1990's when the first mapping applications, such as MapQuest and Xerox ParcMap, were deployed. During the last few years, various applications, such as emergency services, spatial data infrastructures, and consumer mapping have accelerated the growth and evolution of the Geospatial Web. During this same time period, an increasing number of applications have implemented and use a variety of geospatial standards. Some of these standards are OGC standards but others are from the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), from ISO, from the IEEE, or from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
The reason for this is that the Geospatial Web consists of many layers. The following is a somewhat simplistic view of the number of layers that define the geospatial web. Models for defining the layers of an IT infrastructure are typically 5 to 7 layers deep.
There is the "deep" layer that deals with location as an integral component of the Internet infrastructure. An example of this is the Internet RFC (request for comment) for location enabled DHCP. (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Option for Coordinate-based Location Configuration Information (RFC 3825). Then there is the Link Layer Discovery Protocol-Media Endpoint Discover, or LLDP-MED, which is an enhancement to the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) and is designed to allow for things such as device location discovery to allow creation of location databases and, in the case of VoIP, E911 services. These standards tend to be lightweight and relatively simple and very well structured semantically. These characteristics are driven by the fact that bandwidth and packet size are significant constraints. The OGC collaborates with the IETF to insure consistency in how location is expressed at this level.
Then there is the middle layer of standards that provide "gateway" access between the deep layer and the application layer. This middle layer is where standards such as OMA's Mobile Location Platform API and a variety of OGC standards, such as WMS, WFS and WCS are implemented. It should be noted that MLP uses an application schema of GML to express geometry and CRS. Standards in this layer tend to be non-trivial. A high degree of geospatial semantic richness, expressiveness and robustness is required at this layer. There are many reasons for this, such as the requirement for more precisely expressing the vast range of properties related to location, such as time, coordinate reference systems, topology, complex geometry, measurements, and metadata.
Finally, there is the application layer. The application layer is interesting in that the standards that exist at this level can be quite simple, such as GeoRSS, or quite sophisticated and semantically expressive, such as the OGC Styled Layer Descriptor standard. As with the other layers, there are other geospatial standards being developed for this level that are not OGC standards. For example the presence architecture developed in the IETF Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol (IMPP) working group has defined a format for presence information called Presence Information Data Format (PIDF). PIDF is an XML format that provides presence information about a "presentity". An extension to PIDF has been defined with a Presence based Geopriv Location Object Format (PIDF-LO). PIDF-LO carries either civic, geospatial location information or both. PIDF-LO is a GML application schema. As such, PIDF-LO itself is a relatively simple standard but one that is grounded in a very rich and expressive standard – GML. And GML is grounded in the ISO Feature model. So, in the application layer, a common characteristic is that relatively simple standards can be developed and deployed that are profiles or application schemas of other, more "complex" standards such as GML.
Location content is being created and utilized at many levels in the internet/web infrastructure. Much of this content is not being created by the GIS community! Consider DSRC [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSRC]: a short to medium range (1000 meters) communications service that supports both public safety and private operations in roadside-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle communication environments. DSRC is really about developing and deploying an extensive roadside sensor and communication network. This network will generate billions of location messages on a daily basis – and is being done entirely outside the traditional geospatial domain. And this application area will be an integral component of the Geospatial Web.
OGC standards play an important role in all levels. This does not mean that the OGC is developing standards for all levels and all application areas. Instead, many other standards organizations, such as the IETF, IEEE, OMA, and OASIS are building on the work of the OGC to define profiles and application schemas for their specific requirements. Many of these profiles and schemas, such as those used in GeoRSS and IEEE 1451, are simple and lightweight. Each meets a specific requirement.
The Geospatial Web is not just a bunch of mash-ups or even the hundreds of SDI's that have been successfully deployed. The Geospatial Web is about the complete integration and use of location at all levels of the internet and the web. This integration will often be invisible to the user. But at the end of the day, the ubiquitous permeation of location into the infrastructure of the internet and the web is being built on standards. And the work of the OGC is a principal source and foundation of much of the standards work for the Geospatial Web.
The work of the OGC members attending the 59th OGC Technical Committee meetings, hosted by BAE Systems in San Diego during the week of December 11th, 2006, resulted in the following key motions and recommendations:
- 06173r2 "Geographic information - Rights expression language for geographic information"
- 06-080 "GML 3.1.1 Application schema for Earth Observation products" for the use of GML Observations
- 06-141r2 "Ordering Services for Earth Observation Products"
The following documents were approved for release as OGC Best Practices:
- 06-095 "Web Notification Service (WNS) Candidate Implementation Specification"
- 06-142 "GML PIDF-LO Geometry Shape Application Schema for use in the IETF"
The following recommendations were also approved by the members:
- A revision of the OGC URN namespace identifier (NID) specification will be submitted to the IETF for formal IANA approval.
- Approval of a modification of the OGC standards approval process that will reduce the overall approval process timeline by at least 60 days.
- The candidate specification "Observations and Measurements" was approved for a formal 30 day public comment period.
- The issue of consistent use of Axis order in OGC standards was discussed at length. The members agreed that a formal statement on this topic is to be drafted and used in all OGC specifications as best practices guidance. This is a go forward statement and is not intended to require existing implementations of any OGC standards to be changed.
- ebRIM was approved as the preferred meta-model for future OGC CS-W Catalogue Application Profiles. All existing CSW application profiles will remain valid and supported into the future.
- The Planning Committee strongly endorsed the proposal by Google to bring KML into the OGC standards process. The first step will be to perform limited harmonization with OGC and ISO standards and then produce a document for consideration by the OGC members for release as OGC Best Practices. There will also be a public discussion list created so that the OGC KML related work will remain open and transparent.
The OGC Architecture Board also had its first face to face meeting. The primary discussion topics were the use of ebRIM, the relationship of Sensor Observation Service and Web Feature Service, and the role of application profiles in WFS.
Carl Reed, Chief Technology Officer,
Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.
Fertile discussions of OGC specifications continue in the blogosphere (the world of blogs). Much of the recent discussion is about "neogeo" or "Mass Market Geo". Here are a few December posts:
"In this respect the attendance of the senior Google Geo staff in the form of John Hanke, Michael Jones and Brian McClendon was very important. Indeed Jones was interested in seeing how OGC could aid the standardisation of KML and clarify its relationship with GML - note these are early days but at least the right people are beginning to talk. …OGC has played a very important role is developing the 'professional' GI market. Its expertise would also have massive value to the mainstream -- important progress then!"
You can also read this e-consultancy interview with Ed Parsons for Ed's thoughts upon his departure from the Ordnance Survey. Much of what he says is relevant to the comments you are reading here in "News and Opinion from the Blogosphere."
Jo Walsh, in a December 14 Mapping Hacks entry
titled, "At the back of the 'mass market' bus", says she "…spent some time over the last month or so attempting to engage with the WFS Simple public development process marshalled by our friend Raj Singh. I backed away from it a couple of weeks ago, and wrote down at the time some of the reasons why… "
In a well-worth-reading 1400 words she says a lot about the technical and institutional difficulties and possibilities, concluding that, "I know that what I want for Simple probably falls between two stools - not expressive and flexible enough for the hardcore - not familiar and straightforward enough for the much larger neogeo constituency. Right now the process risks failing both communities and emphasising the difference between them, and that's an awful shame."
Sean Gilles, writing about "OGC and the Geo-Web" at Import cartography blog – Python, Geospatial, News and Opinion on December 17, said, "I'm pretty sure Raj Singh... gets this already, but one of the things the OGC needs to understand before it can help to geo-enable the Web is that there's more to ubiquity than just dumbing down specifications to the grade level of the mass market. Systems with simple rules allow the evolution of complex and surprising features. Our teeming, expanding, World Wide Web was made possible by its deliberately simple design.
"W*S protocols have opened minds and hinted at possibilities, but are not engendering a geo-web. Pictures and data flow dutifully through channels, but there is no evolution of linkage, no complex, organic patterns or structures, no sum that is bigger than its parts. There's no web here."
Also on December 14, Jeff Thurston wrote in his Vector One blog, after reading the posts mentioned above, "I think many people are trying to adapt, to adjust, to transition and change - toward the next plateau, the next direction, the next need.
...The continuum runs from simplicity to complexity. From local to enterprise. From closed to open. Different things will appear along the continuum, dependent on needs and requirements.
I think the so called "traditional" side of the equation is a savvy and smart bunch. I think the "non-traditional" are similarly so.
What is important to me may not be important to you, but it does not de-value what I think or need.
We need to get this part right. So what's the conduit to make that happen?
Then the sky is the limit."
And here's a set of comments from Tom Kralidis, on a range of topics, posted December 29 on his "Tommy's Scratchpad" blog:
"GeoRSS is here: GeoRSS made v1 this year at foss4g2006 and has proven to be a simple, yet very effective way to tag feeds. I've used and integrated in all my projects (I use the GML flavour) which produce RSS content by way of outputting an overview map based on the position. It gives the developers endless possibilities, and folks just love to see 'where' a post is. ….
MapServer SOS support: It's great to see OGC SensorWeb support in MapServer. Given that MapServer can already do stuff like spatial, temporal and aspatial queries, I think SOS was a relatively easy initial implementation effort...."
There's more from Tom at his blog, on the ResEau portal launch, MapServer committer access, ebRIM, OWSContext progress and MapServer Brazi.
Torsten Becker, who implemented a GeoRSS Viewer at http://ExploreOurPla.net, is also engaged in Climate Change work. He points us to the "Onearth: WMS Global Mosaic," a valuable source of daily weather-related satellite images at NASA's JPL Laboratory.
Every day two snapshots of most populated places on Earth are converted into a datasource for a WMS server. The daily snapshots are of data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) flown on two NASA satellites, TERRA and AQUA. There are three styles for each sattelite, visual, 721 pseudocolor and NDVI. A resolution of about 250m/pixel clearly shows hurricanes, floods, wildfires, ice shelves and other phenomena that have a bearing on Climate Change. An archive gives access to all pictures from yesterday back to December 25, 2004.
Composite of data collected January 19, 2007 by MODIS/Terra. Updated daily.
Another dataset from this site is the WMS Global Mosaic, a high resolution global image mosaic of the earth. It was produced from more than 8200 individual Landsat7 scenes. Each scene requires more than 500MB of storage. These images have been collected during 1999-2003. The highest resolution image has a ground relative resolution of 15 meters, or 50 feet. The mosaic contains all nine spectral bands of the Landsat7 ETM+ instrument. Access to the data is provided through an application that implements the OpenGeospatial Web Map Server Specification, band combinations can be generated using the OpenGeospatial Style Layer Descriptor mechanism.
Clicking on an image or on a caption on this site takes the user to an interactive WMS map browser that requires no software download. The browser has limited capabilities and is intended only to provide a functional view of the capabilities of the map server itself. In the browse mode, you can click on the image to recenter the view or use the zoom bar at the top of the image to zoom. The distance left or right of the black/blue center marker controls the zoom in or out amount, up to four times the current level. The browser will let you zoom out more than a single earth width, which will generate an error, and zoom in past the level of detail of the data. Other WMS clients, such as worldKit, WorldWind or Punt can be used to view the data. Users of WorldWind or Punt should use the OnEarth.xml configuration file. Save a copy of the configuration file in the WorldWind/Config/Earth subdirectory, and use the layer manager to enable layers from this server. Four different styles of the WMS Global Mosaic are configured, together with the daily TERRA/AQUA MODIS mosaics.
The WorldWind config file contains four representations for the WMS Global Mosaic and the 6 daily MODIS composites. The same data are usable by Google Earth via KML files already configured to use WMS for most of these sets. The page containing the Google Earth links is at http://onearth.jpl.nasa.gov/KML.html. The OGC WMS specification makes the data compatible with major earth viewers like Google Maps, FlashEarth and ExploreOurPla.net, and with other applications including ESRI software, TopoFusion, and GlobalMapper
An FGDC metadata compliant record is available at the site. The base dataset can be downloaded, and a mirror download site is available at Telascience. The Web Map Service (WMS) server providing access to the WMS Global Mosaic and other datasets is accessed via this base URL. An XML encapsulated document describing the datasets and the server are can be retrieved via a Capabilities Request
This project involves a large commitment of time. Lucian.Plesea [at] jpl.nasa.gov (Lucian Plesea) is the one who maintains it. As Torsten says, "I think this public project is the most valuable ever which implements the OGC WMS specification and supports time access via the TIME parameter. With any viewer capable of building WMS urls it is possible for anyone to have a close look at our planet and to conceive its delicate state."
The OnEarth WMS server itself has no current support, and in danger of being closed due to lack of funding. The MODIS WMS composites themselves have been the result of voluntary work.
Know of a website that uses OpenGIS specifications to solve a real world problem or demonstrates an interesting use? Or of a website that enhances the use and understanding of OGC's work? Drop the lmckee [at] opengeospatial.org (editor) an e-mail with the details including the URL, organization behind the website, specifications used, technology used and the goal of the website.
OGC welcomes new members who joined us recently.
SRS Technologies, Inc. (U.S.)
Technische Universitat Berlin (Germany)
University of California, Los Angeles-Center for Embedded Networked Sensing (U.S.)
- OGC in the Press
Pact aims to spark real-time 2-D/3-D Web visualization
Brian Robinson
December 28, 2006
Podcast: 2006 Year End Editors' Round Table
Directions Staff
December 22, 2006
1Spatial Addresses Hot Topic of Spatial Data Management
Susan Smith
December 4 - 8, 2006
Innovative Ways to Improve Digital Geospatial Data Infrastructure Sought
Government Technology
December 4, 2006
NASA WorldWind-based browser for large volume image data leverages OpenGIS web map service
Oil IT
December, 2006
Watershed Modelling in Kentucky
Gary R. Harp
GIM International
December, 2006
Creating a Satellite-data Integration System
The Importance of International Standards
Rong Xie and Ryosuke Shibasaki, Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
GIM International
December 2006
The Emerging Geospatial Semantic Web
Mark Reichardt
December 2006 - OGC Press Releases OGC Demos Results of OGC Web Services Test Bed
December 21, 2006
OGC Announces Invitation to Qualify for Interoperability Program "IP Team"
December 20, 2006
OGC Members Adopt OWS Common 1.1 Specification
December 20, 2006
OGC(R) and Web3D Consortium Agree to Advance Joint Standards
December 19, 2006
OGC Announces Geospatial Linking Service Interoperability Experiment
December 14, 2006
OGC and TDWG Biodiversity Information Standards will Collaborate
December 14, 2006
January 22-25, 2006
Hyderabad, India
Map World Forum
January 22-25, 2006
London, UK
(Discount for OGC members, see brochure)
January 25, 2006
Nottingham, UK
Best practice makes perfect with Open Geospatial Standards
March 1-2, 2007
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, US
2007 North Carolina GIS Conference
March 21-23, 2007
Washington, DC, US.
ETS - IV: Convergence: CAD / GIS / 3D / BIM
April 16-20, 206
Ottawa, Ontario
OGC Technical and Planning Committee Meetings
July 9-12, 2006
Paris, France
OGC Technical and Planning Committee Meetings
For further info on events please contact gbuehler [at] opengeospatial.org (Greg Buehler).
Please send comments and suggestions to:
lmckee [at] opengeospatial.org (Lance McKee)
Acting Editor, OGC News
Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.
35 Main Street Suite 5
Wayland MA 01778-5037
USA Phone: +1 508 655 5858
Fax: +1 508 655 2237
To subscribe send mail to: newsletter-request [at] opengeospatial.org
with "subscribe" (no quotes) in the subject.
To unsubscribe send mail to: newsletter-request [at] opengeospatial.org
with "unsubscribe" (no quotes) in the subject.
Visit our subscription page
Copyright 2007 by the Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.


text:
Christmas Light Greeting Card
Christmas Light Greeting Card
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The size of the greeting card is 5"x7" in. when folded. Just print on letter or A4 size paper and cut along the dashed lines and fold.
The inside will be blank, so you can write your own personal message.
This listing includes the following:
- 1 .pdf file in letter size (with card formatted as 5.5"x8.25" in. when folded. No cutting required just fold the paper in half.)
- 1 .pdf file in letter size (with card formatted as 5"x7" in. when folded. Cut along the dashed lines and fold.)
- 1. pdf file in A4 size (with card formatted as 148.5x210 mm when folded. No cutting required just fold the paper in half.)
- 1 .pdf file in A4 size (with card formatted as 5"x7" in. when folded. Cut along the dashed lines and fold.)
- 1 .pdf file of A7 envelope template in letter and A4 size paper.
PDF files are in high resolution (300dpi).
Please note that NO PHYSICAL ITEM WILL BE SENT. Shortly after payment has been processed, you will be able to instantly download your files in the Order Confirmation page. You will also receive an email containing the download link. The email will be sent to the email address you entered at checkout. Once you click the link, you have 24 hours to download the product before the link expires. Please save the files in a safe place where you may acces them at a later time.
Once you have the PDF files, you may either print them at home or from a printer of your choice!
**The printed image may not exactly match the colors displayed on your monitor.
**Due to the digital nature of the products, refunds will not be given. Also, please be sure to buy the printable card that you want as I cannot "exchange" designs.
** You will need the latest Adobe Acrobat Reader DC to open the PDF files. You can download it for free here: https://acrobat.adobe.com/us/en/acrobat/pdf-reader.html
**If you need any assistance, please visit our tutorial https://www.moncharis.com/journal/2018/2/22/how-to-download-and-print-your-instant-printable-greeting-card or contact us, we will be happy to help.
Copyright © by Moncharis 2018. All rights reserved. For personal use only. You may not resell, redistribute, or give away the digital files for free. You may not mass produce and/or print the art for reselling, redistributing and giving away for free purposes. You may print out and give the art to yourself or close family and friends. Copyright remains with Moncharis and does not transfer with your purchase. Please contact us for licensing information if you're interested.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Safety Renaldo Hill missing from start of training camp
One notable absence from the start of training camp is veteran safety Renaldo Hill, who is not on the field because of an undisclosed medical issue. (Update, 12:27 p.m.: Hill was out because of dehydration.)
Only players who passed their physicals and the conditioning test are allowed to practice.


text:
Britax Pavilion G4 Convertible Car Seat
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Britax Grow With You Clicktight Harness-2-Booster Car Seat$299.99
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Product Features:
- True Side Impact Protection is deep side walls with energy-absorbing EPP foam along with a head restraint which offers a double layer of EPP foam to distribute crash forces, shield from vehicle intrusion, and contain the head, neck and body while keeping them "in true" or aligned
- Base with SafeCell Technology features SafeCells designed to compress in a crash, significantly lowering the center of gravity and counteracting the forward rotation of the child seat which normally propels the child toward the front seat
- Integrated Steel Bars strengthen the connection to the vehicle and reduce forward flexing of the child seat during a crash
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- Click & Safe® Snug Harness Indicator is an audible aid that provides extra assurance when the harness is within range of appropriate snugness
- Tangle-Free, Five-Point Harness distributes crash forces across the strongest parts of the body and provides a secure fit
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- Rear and Forward Facing Recline for child comfort and positioning
- High Density Comfort Foam provides an extra layer of padding to gently cushion your child
- Plush, Easy-Remove Cover with matching comfort pads and infant body pillow to provide extra comfort and easy cleaning without disassembling or uninstalling the child seat
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text:
Nov. 25, 2006
Head Coach Michelle Bento-Jackson
On the win:
"The win definitely helps our confidence. The two losses that we've had this year, it felt like we were right in those games and we had the opportunity to win but unfortunately didn't pull it off. Today we were just trying to improve on some of our weaknesses. It's a progression, everyday we have to work to become a better basketball team."
On having five players in double-figure scoring:
"It was huge, one of our goals throughout this season will be to get balance in our scoring attack, and when we have that, we can be very dangerous and difficult to defend. Tonight, I thought we had spurts of playing really good basketball, but there were moments where our intensity dropped a little bit. We just need to get to a point where we can sustain that for 40 minutes."
On Jen Gottschalk's performance:
"Jen's been huge for us, obviously with her rebounding and scoring, but in addition to that she is also a good passer. When she gets the ball and defenders collapse on her, she can find the open shooter. She has just really been a bonus for us this year.
On the post play opening things up for the guards:
"We can't just rely on our outside shooting, so once we get the contribution from our inside players, its just going to open up. When you can score from the outside and inside, it becomes very difficult to defend."
Guard Chandice Cronk
On the team's second-half comeback:
"We panicked a little when they came back, but we did a really good job of having a solid last four minutes to close out the game."
On the team's long-range shooting success: "We've been a good three-point shooting team, but I also think that our posts have done a good job in helping balance our offense."
On the post players opening up the perimeter for the guards:
"Our posts have stepped up tremendously. Some teams may deny the guards open looks, and when our posts start scoring, defenders are going to have to collapse and it gives us open looks on the outside."
On beating a Pac-10 school in Washington State:
"It feels great. We only lost to a ranked BYU team in the last few minutes, and it gives us a good sense of confidence, especially since we're playing Stanford next week."
Forward Jen Gottschalk
On winning the rebounding battle:
"That's something we've really been working on, because we know that when we rebound well, we're going to win games. Its our job to get in there and box out, so we knew what we had to do today."
On her strong play this week: "Our guards are so good at seeing the openings and getting the ball to the posts. I know that when they give it to me, I have the green light, and its been working out well lately."
On the win:
"We're really excited to play Stanford, and I think that this game was a good realization for us in that we know that we can beat any team. We just have to continue to work hard and get better everyday."


text:
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text:
388 has your number. The buoyant, New American eatery covers enough territory to satisfy almost everyone at the table. Sunny, unpretentious and fairly priced, it's already a mainstay in the neighborhood.
The new spot took over the address previously occupied by Riodizio Churrascaria, that protein-and-cholesterol capital of skewered meats. The decor has been updated and brightened; the long grills and side-dish displays gone; TVs added, noise level definitely heightened.
Carnivores still are welcome. And, yes, vegetarians have some choices, too, from a menu that balances homey fare and more contemporary productions.
Nibble on bruschetta while scanning the menu. The tasty tomato-and-basil version vies with a ricotta-and-prosciutto number. You win either way. "Thin-crust specialties" is the title given to semi-pizzas. Somewhere between tortilla and flatbread, they're surfaces for some very good toppings: fontina and prosciutto, Gorgonzola and potato, mozzarella and arugula. There's fine tuna tartare, spiked with anchovies and olives, atop house-made crostini. And tempura-style shrimp arrive crisply in a paper cone, ready for soy- and rice-wine dipping sauces. Two hefty sliders with sliced tomato could be a mini-main course. Lobster pot pie, very much like chicken except for the central character, is savory and appealing, under a gilded lid. The juicy New York strip steak: easily recommended. Order the "sea salted" French fries and the creamed spinach, too. For dessert, consider the banana split, cheesecake, cannoli and, for old time's sake, a vintage tortoni.
Crab-and-lobster cakes need more seasoning. Likewise, the modest chicken-and-ginger dumplings. "388 wings" benefit from whipped blue cheese, but they're overcooked. Routine sauteed chicken with basmati rice, artichoke hearts and sun-dried tomatoes. The standard-issue "classic Caesar" with jawbreaker croutons doesn't deserve the adjective. Bland fish and chips, slightly overdone chargrilled red snapper, too-sweet baby back ribs. Dry bread pudding.
Mix and match.
We're revamping our Comments section. Learn more and share your input.


text:
(CNN) -- Journalists Laura Ling and Euna Lee told Ling's sister they were treated humanely in North Korea, and they believe they weren't sent to hard-labor camps because they have medical conditions, Lisa Ling said Friday.
Lisa Ling, left, and her sister, Laura, center, speak to their father Wednesday after Laura arrived in California.
The sister, speaking on CNN's "American Morning," did not elaborate on the medical conditions, but said her sister will soon tell her story.
"Laura is eager to tell the story about what happened. I want to let her do so, but right now, she's really getting reacclimated. The processes are slow. She's very, very weak," Lisa Ling said, adding that the stories she's heard so far are "jaw-dropping."
Laura Ling and Lee were working for California-based Current TV, a media venture of former Vice President Al Gore, when they were arrested in March for crossing the border between China and North Korea. Watch Lisa Ling share her sister's story »
Lisa Ling said that before they left the United States, the pair never intended to cross into North Korea. They have acknowledged that they briefly did, however, and they were convicted of entering the country illegally to conduct a "smear campaign" against the reclusive Communist state.
They were sentenced in June to 12 years of hard labor. North Korea's leader, Kim Jong Il, pardoned the women Tuesday after meeting with former President Bill Clinton. They arrived home the following day.
Lisa Ling said her sister was allowed to call the family on four occasions during her five months in captivity. On the last call, Laura Ling specifically requested that Clinton intervene.
"She said that in her opinion -- quote, unquote -- it would have to be President Clinton. It could only be President Clinton to secure the release of herself and Euna. We immediately jumped into action and alerted Vice President Gore," Lisa Ling said.
When their release was secured, they promptly boarded a plane home. Clinton wanted them to rest because they were clearly tired, "but the two of them were chatting away and comparing their experiences," Lisa Ling said.
Laura Ling and Lee went to see doctors Thursday, the sister added. Laura Ling is "doing well," and Lee is "skinny," Lisa Ling said, joking that her mother tried to force-feed Lee on Thursday "because she's just become so diminutive."
The women also are slowly working to assimilate to their freedom. They were kept at opposite ends of the same North Korean detention facility, and though Laura Ling had two guards in her room at all times, she would sometimes go weeks without talking to anyone. Watch as Lisa Ling describes the pair's condition »
"So even communicating is a challenge because she sometimes yesterday was even having a hard time getting full sentences out, so it's a slow adjustment," Lisa Ling said.
On Thursday, Lisa Ling told CNN that her sister was "incredibly emotional" and didn't want to be left alone after months of "relative isolation."
"Yesterday, she was so exhausted and she wanted to take a quick nap. She kept asking me: 'Are you going to be here when I come back?' " the sister said Thursday.
Emotions have run high in Lee's home as well, Lisa Ling said. Watch the journalists' family reunions »
"I hear from Euna's husband, Michael, that Hana, their 4-year-old daughter, has not wanted her mother to leave her sight," she said. "She just keeps following her around from room to room because she doesn't want her mom to leave."
Lee and her husband went to Laura Ling's house Thursday night for their first pizza since being released, Lisa Ling said Friday.
"The thing that was so wonderful to see was little Hana," she said. "I have never seen her so happy, and we all sort of remarked that it was just a beautiful thing."
Lisa Ling said her sibling will soon share her "powerful" story, perhaps in an op-ed piece, but she needs space right now.
Lisa Ling, meanwhile, is elated that her sister and Lee are safe. She said she always knew they would come home.
"I believe in the fundamental goodness," she said. "I knew in my heart that at some point, Laura and Euna would be returned back to us. I didn't know when it would happen, but I never lost that hope."
All About North Korea • Laura Ling • Euna Lee


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In this episode of Dead Pilots Society, Ben Blacker interviews Samantha McIntyre (Married, Bored to Death) regarding her dead pilot, Rollerworld. You'll also listen to a never-before-heard live table read of Rollerworld performed by some of today's funniest comedic actors.
For more Dead Pilot Society episodes, please subscribe to the podcast! Make sure to like us on Facebook, follow us on Instagram , on Twitter, and visit our website at deadpilotssociety.com
We're also having a night of musical pilots at Largo on The Coronet on June 23rd! Don't miss it!
We're reading pilots from Harry Elfont & Deborah Kaplan (Can't Hardly Wait, Josie and the Pussycats) and Emily Kapnek (Suburgatory, Selfie)!
Ticket link: http://www.largo-la.com/event/1489666-


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Debunking Power Supply Mythsby Christoph Katzer on September 22, 2008 3:00 AM EST
- Posted in
- Cases/Cooling/PSUs
Anyone building a computer system should eventually pose the question: How much power does the system actually require? This is an important consideration, since it's impossible to choose an appropriate power supply without actually knowing the demands of your system. Unfortunately, many users take the easy way out: just grab a 500W power supply and call it good. If you really want to be safe, you can even grab on 800W PSU... or if you plan to run multiple graphics cards perhaps you really need a 1000W unit, right?
If people really took the time to examine system power requirements, we would see a tremendous increase in sales of 300W to 400W PSUs. The truth is that the vast majority of systems would run optimally with such a "small" power supply. Even if you're running SLI/CrossFire, you don't actually need a 750W power supply. (Of course, we recommend purchasing a good quality power supply, as there are certainly "750W" PSUs out there that can't reliably deliver anywhere near that much power.) To help dispel some myths relating to power requirements, we've put together a couple of charts.
|GPU Power Consumption*
|NVIDIA GeForce 9600 GT
|NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GT
|NVIDIA GeForce 9800 GTX
|NVIDIA GeForce 9800 GX2
|NVIDIA GeForce 8800 Ultra
|ATI Radeon HD 3650
|ATI Radeon HD 3850
|ATI Radeon HD 3870
|ATI Radeon HD 2900 XT
|ATI Radeon HD 3870X2
* Actual power consumption for the graphics cards only. Results taken at idle on the Windows desktop and under full load running the Fur benchmark.
|CPU Power Consumption**
|Idle (EIST or CnQ Enabled)
|Intel Core 2 Duo E4500
|Intel Core 2 Duo E8500
|Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550
|Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850
|Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770
|AMD Athlon 64 X2 5000+
|AMD Athlon 64 X2 6000+
|AMD Phenom X3 8750
|AMD Phenom X4 9600 BE
|AMD Phenom X4 9850 BE
** Actual power consumption for just the processor. Results taken at idle on the Windows desktop with either EIST/C&Q enabled or disabled, and full load generated using BOINC.
|Chipset/Motherboard Power Consumption***
|Platform and Chipset
|Intel P35 (775)
|Intel P965 (775)
|Intel X38 (775)
|Intel X48 (775)
|NVIDIA 680i (775)
|NVIDIA 790i (775)
|NVIDIA 750i (775)
|NVIDIA 780i (775)
*** Actual power consumption for the motherboard and chipset. Idle and load power do not differ by any significant amount.
Top-end graphics cards are clearly one of the most demanding components when it comes to power requirements in today's systems. Only heavily overclocked CPUs even come close to the same wattages. Note that the above chart only includes last generation cards; NVIDIA's latest GTX 280 requires even more power.
Looking at the processor side of the equation, Intel's Core 2 Duo/Quad/Extreme CPUs in general have very low power requirements. AMD's latest Phenom processors aren't far behind, however, especially in light of the fact that they include the memory controller rather than delegating the task to the chipset. We should also mention that part of the reason for the extreme power requirements on the X2 6000+ come from the use of an older 90nm process.
Naturally, motherboards also require a fair amount of power. Current motherboards average around 47W for socket 775 and 39W for socket AM2/AM2+, but features and other factors can heavily influence that number. Outside of their IGP solution, NVIDIA's chipsets tend to use more power than the competition; AMD chipsets on the other hand typically require less power. Again, numerous other aspects of any particular motherboard will impact the actual power requirements, including BIOS tuning options.
Hard drives and optical drives account for another 10 to 20W each. However, remember that hard drives are a relatively constant 10 to 15W of power draw (average is around 12W) since the platters are always spinning (i.e. idle), and movement of the drive heads during read/write operations (i.e. load) only increases power draw slightly. Optical drives on the other hand stop spinning when idle, requiring only about 5W, while during read or write operations they need around 18W.
RAM power requirements measured a constant 2W per DIMM, regardless of capacity (though clearly not including FB-DIMMs). That figure is estimated, unfortunately, as we could not measure DIMM power requirements directly; we measured power draw with two DIMMs and then again with four DIMMs to arrive at the reported figures. It's also not possible to easily separate memory power requirements from the motherboard and chipset, as they share many of the same power connections from the PSU.
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nilepez - Thursday, September 25, 2008 - linkI've seen this site and countless others constantly promoting the benefit of 750 watt+ PSUs.
The reality is virtually nobody needs 500W, much less 750 or 1KW.
AnAverageJoe - Wednesday, September 24, 2008 - linkThank you for this article, it is really one of the more organized efforts at getting this kind of info out there that I have read and hopefully will save folks from overdoing it (saving $$ in the process). Couple of comments:
1. p.1 "If people really took the time to examine system power requirements": From the perspective of building a new rig, where does one find this information? Any sort of figures, short of the very few articles such as this and public power supply guesstimators, appear non-existent. As stated in the article something is better than nothing but getting precise information appears impossible for any given component. Both Intel and AMD publicly provide technical data on their parts but the only single figure one can really get out of that data is the TDP for the processors. I have failed to find any similar technical data for GPUs and although most graphics card reviews now include power draw it is for the system and not the graphics card itself thus there is is no way to get the discrete graphics card power draw. Ditto for every other component. In sum, I don't see any way for one to gather the required data to compute the power requirements for any planned build short of actually building the thing and putting test equipment to it.
2. I was left wanting a statement to the effect of "one important goal of choosing a power supply is to maximize efficiency under expected operating loads." The examples do make the point just took a bit longer for me to get it thru my dense skull.
Again, thanks for spending the time to put this together because this really is I think one of the most overlooked areas of system integration and in my experience impossible to more than generally guesstimate.
Cincybeck - Tuesday, September 30, 2008 - linkTry searching "power supply calculator" in Google. The one, eXtreme has, provides a pretty complete list and quite a bit of options. I punched in the low end and mid range computers from the article. The calculator is high according to the article's results, but close enough to give you a good idea. Reply
Johnniewalker - Wednesday, September 24, 2008 - linkI have been waiting for an article like this for years, thanks! I always suspected people were buying PSU's that were too big. Reply
rvikul - Tuesday, September 23, 2008 - linkAnandtech is back! This is exactly the kind of information Anandtech excels at providing. very relevant and very useful. Thanks and keep it up (and please dont go back to discussing social issues etc).
OddJensen - Wednesday, September 24, 2008 - linkStrange figure for the 2900XT. Knowing it's one of the most powerguzzling single GPU cards, it should have been much higher, right? Reply
CSMR - Tuesday, September 23, 2008 - linkI'm going to repeat myself because I feel this is important.
The tables claim to represent actual power consumption of processors and chipsets but the figures are very exaggerated. (There are even people who run whole systems on one or two of the chipsets listed on less power than the power the article claims for just the chipset.)
Here are more accurate CPU measurements from xbitlabs:
Behardware gets similar results. (Can't find the link straight away.)
Must fix this as Anand needs to keep its reputation for good information. You can't have figures (CPU idle power) that are out by a factor of 10!
The graphics idle power data are better than the CPU data but also too high, by a factor of about 2, compared to existing measurements:
http://archive.atomicmpc.com.au/forums.asp?s=2&...">http://archive.atomicmpc.com.au/forums.asp?s=2&... Reply
JarredWalton - Tuesday, September 23, 2008 - linkThe question is: did Christoph measure power incorrectly, or did someone else? From my understanding, he's measuring the current on the various wires leading from the PSU to the components. HDD is of course easy to measure. The ATX12V/EPS12V connector supplies the CPU, so that's simple as well. PCI-E gets 12V from the PEG connector along with the extra four pins on the 24-pin ATX connector. The remaining pins on the 24-pin ATX feed the chipset, RAM, and other motherboard components. Sum all of that together and you get the power draw for the entire system.
Perhaps the CPU power draw numbers are high and the chipset/mobo numbers are low, but worst case the point of the article is to show that higher wattage PSUs are not required for most systems. A midrange system with similar components might use a bit less than what we estimate, but I'm quite sure it wouldn't need more power than our high estimate.
I won't guarantee that the individual numbers are 100% accurate, but I doubt that desktop C2D processors are idle at only 7W or less. I know on my own C2Q Q6600 8800GT 4GB system it idles at 176W power draw, and if I put a load on just the CPU (Folding@Home SMP) the draw increases to 262W. Guessing at 80% efficiency, the components are consuming 141W to 210W, which means CPU (and mobo, chipset, and RAM) power use went up 69W. That's pretty close to the QX6850 result (fudging on the 65nm vs. 45nm and Penryn vs. Kentsfield). The Fur benchmark also gives ~262W average (one core is 100% load on the CPU), so the GPU + one CPU core increases power consumption by the same 69W, but some of it goes to the CPU and most of it goes to the GPU. That jives with the 51W increase in power Christoph measured on the 8800 GT. Running both - a "worst case" test - gives a power draw of 315W to 337W, with an average of around 324W.
So a system somewhat similar to Christoph's "midrange" setup (and estimating efficiency) uses 141W idle and 260W load. That doesn't include trying to tax the HDD or DVD, which might increase the load by another 20W, and it uses a single GPU instead of a 3870X2. What's the specific amount used by the CPU, the GPU, the RAM, the chipset, and the other motherboard components? I can only guesstimate, but stepping back to examine the whole picture I don't have any serious problems with the tables on page 1. CPU power is probably lower, since it sounds like Christoph measured the current going through the ATX12V lines and some of that will feed the VRMs and other bits and pieces on the motherboard. Reply
Christoph Katzer - Wednesday, September 24, 2008 - linkThanks for the explanation. The point being is that I measured how much current is going to the CPU through the 12V rails. What happens later doesn't matter since the power supply needs to deliver X current at that specific time.
That doesn't mean however that the CPU is actually using all of this delivered power since we loose power at the VRMs and CPU itself. SO if there is X watts going to the CPU it doesn't mean the CPU actually needs that much power but since it is being delivered it should be called the "actual power consumption".
For example the 6000+ which needs quite too much obviously. We know now it had something to do with the different VRMs at the AM2 and AM2+ boards. The power is being delivered, meaning the power supply needs to provide this amount x. If the CPU actually needs it or not is irrelevant. Of course if I would have known from the difference between AM2 and AM2+ I would have measured it in a different way, no one is perfect and I know now how to do it better next time.
As for the Chipset it is indeed tricky since every mobo vendor has different additional chips installed that take a different amount of power. So if we do publish an article about this we will have to mention the actual manufacturer of course.
It's just funny that everyone says the results are too high but I get an Email from Taipei that my numbers are far too low... Reply
Barack Obama - Tuesday, September 23, 2008 - linkNotch one up for the great AT team :D Reply


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(Reuters) - U.S. housing regulators are looking to fine Bank of America more than $6 billion for its role in misleading mortgage agencies during the housing boom, compared with the $4 billion to be paid by JPMorgan Chase & Co, the Financial Times reported on its website, citing people familiar with the matter.
The FT said the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), pursuing claims on behalf of finance agencies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac that back about half the existing U.S. home loans, are seeking the penalty. (link.reuters.com/muc93v)
FHFA and Bank of America (BofA) could not be reached for comment outside of regular business hours.
Countrywide Financial Corp, the mortgage lender acquired by BofA in July 2008, has cost the bank more than $40 billion in litigation expenses and other charges linked to its bad subprime mortgages. The bank set aside an additional $300 million for mortgage litigation in the latest quarter.
JPMorgan reached a tentative $4 billion deal with the FHFA on Friday to settle claims that the bank misled government-sponsored mortgage agencies about the quality of mortgages it sold them, according to a person familiar with the matter.
JPMorgan also reached a tentative $13 billion deal with the U.S. Justice Department and other government agencies to settle investigations into bad mortgage loans the bank sold to investors before the financial crisis, a source familiar with the talks told Reuters on Saturday.
Reporting by Richa Naidu in Bangalore; Editing by Alistair Lyon


text:
I have struggled in formulating the narrative swarming in hybrid ecosystem as a participatory design experiment. It can be it is not yet simple enough for the intended book :(, but i feel i cannot cut away much more too. It is hard to present visual data in the papers, but i feel some of the evidence needs to be presented too.
This paper describes a participatory design experiment that is influenced by the swarming activity. The paper introduces a new approach to writing narratives in virtual learning communities of the social Web 2.0 and contrasts it with traditional storytelling approaches. In the participatory design experiment we developed a hybrid virtual storytelling playground that augments the real world – a hybrid ecosystem of narratives. It consists of social software tools freely available in the Web, such as microblogs, social repositories of images, and blogs, the real locations in the city, and the storytellers who leave their digital contents. The results of writing narratives as a swarm in a hybrid ecosystem are presented. In our experiment, instead of bending old novel formats into the hybrid ecosystem, the evidences of new evolving narrative formats of this hybrid space were explored.


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Amazonite and Crystal Vintage Cuff
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