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The Daniels Fund, a Colorado-based private foundation that provides grants to nonprofits in the southwest region, awarded Teach For America a $400,000 grant that will expand opportunities for teachers and students in high-need areas.
The grant is the latest gift in the Daniels Fund's long-standing relationship with Teach For America. Including the $400,000, the organization has given Teach For America $3 million in grants. The money will aid Teach For America in recruiting, training and retaining teachers working in areas of high need.
The Daniels Fund is the product of cable-television trailblazer and World World II pilot, Bill Daniels. When he passed away in 2000, his $1 billion estate was transferred to the Daniels Fund. Now, the organization offers grants to nonprofits and scholarships to traditional and nontraditional students in New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Debbie Pierce, the Daniels Fund's vice president of media and community relations, said the foundation believes Teach For America is an effective and reputable organization.
"We believe that Teach For America is a very important and respected and prominent voice in education reform," she said. "They have a track record of success in providing quality teachers which directly increases student achievement."
In the past school year, Teach For America teachers and affiliates reached more than 35,000 Colorado students. Sean Vanberschot, the executive director of Teach For America-Colorado, said he is eager to expand Teach For America's reach.
"We're thrilled to receive support from the Daniels Fund that will enable us to take important next steps in our partnerships with districts," Vanberschot said in a news release. "We are eager to increase our impact as part of the broader efforts to expand educational opportunity and excellence for all of our state's students."

subset: commoncrawl


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Touchstone Turok
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Turok is an epic, story-driven FPS game set on a dark, mysterious planet in the near future. Players take on the role of Joseph Turok, a former Black Ops commando, now part of an elite Special Forces squad on a mission to take down a war criminal on a genetically-altered planet. After the ship is shot down while approaching the planet, Joseph Turok must use his instincts and elite military training to elude an army of well-trained soldiers, and the ravenous, unpredictable creatures that populate the dangerous environment. Joseph Turok's mission? Survive at all costs.
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Have you read Past President, Alan Goodman's recent Huffington Post piece – Biophobia Not. Biology and Science in Anthropology?
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I'm new to Mac and its software. But when I had my PC, I used a plug-in from Native Instruments with Fruity-Loops. So I'm wondering: Can I do the same with GarageBand?
migrated from avp.stackexchange.com Jan 27 '14 at 15:17
This question came from our site for engineers, producers, editors, and enthusiasts spanning the fields of video, and media creation.
I believe yes, with limitations. The last time I used Garageband was version 2, and at that time it could host Audio Units (but not VST) plugins. I presume it's the same now.
I don't know which Native Instruments plugins you're thinking of (Native Instruments is a company, not a product) but if any of them are offered in Audio Units format, Garageband should be able to host them.
2I just checked with Garageband '09 and used Absynth 5's AU plugin with it. – iain Aug 2 '11 at 23:38
2All of the NI plugins are available out of the box in Audio Unit format. – ObscureRobot Dec 18 '11 at 4:32
It can indeed be done. If you have installed the Native Instruments plug-in on your system, you can create a new software track in Garageband, click the little "i" icon in the bottom left corner, chose "edit" in the menu that pops up and then in the drop down box under "Sound Generator" chose you plug-in. All set!


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Alpha Sigma Alpha ~ AΣA
Open Motto: "Aspire, Seek Attain."
Mascot: Dot the Lady Bug
Symbol: Phoenix
Jewel: Pearl, Ruby
Colors: Crimson, Pearl White, Palm Green and Gold
Flower: Narcissus and Aster
Alpha Sigma Alpha was founded November 15, 1901 at the Virginia State Female Normal School, which is now Longwood University. During the time of its founding, higher education for women was still a highly debated topic. Because of this, many women who were enrolled in these schools sought out the commandery and support of other women facing the same obstacles. The founders of Alpha Sigma Alpha were searching for the same.
Virginia Lee Boyd-Noell, Juliette Jefferson Hudley-Gilliam, Calva Hamlet Watwon Wootton, Louise Brooks Cox- Carper and Mary Williamson-Hudley had become very good friends and i the fall of 1901 they were recruited and bid by other sororities. However, they quickly realized that this would mean the five friends would not be sorority sisters. So in November of that year they formed AΣA. Early on it was decided that only teacher's colleges or universities and colleges of education within universities.
According to the official Alpha Sigma Alpha website the sorority's purpose as stated in the charter is as follows:
"The purpose of the association shall be to cultivate friendship among its members, and in every way to create pure and elevating sentiments, to perform such deeds and to mould such opinions as will tend to elevate and ennoble womanhood in the world."
In 1958 Alpha Sigma Alpha's philanthropic focus became aiding the mentally challenged and in 1976 the Special Olympics was named their national project. In 1990 and additional project was added:
"The S. June Smith Center is a private non-profit agency providing early identification, education, training and therapy to infants and children in the Lancaster area with developmental disabilities and delays." via www.alphasiggmaalpha.org
Currently there are 145 Alpha Sigma Alpha chapters and over 100,00 members nationwide.


text: Why certify your products with BSI? The British Standards Institution, an independent organization established more than 100 years ago and owner of the prestigious BSI Kitemark, has tremendous experience in the creation and implementation of all types of standards, both in the UK and globally; we currently operate in more than 100 countries. BSI is a UK Business Superbrand with the BSI Kitemark symbol being recognised by 82% of the UK Adult population.


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This information is produced and provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The information in this topic may have changed since it was written. For the most current information, contact the National Cancer Institute via the Internet web site at http://cancer.gov or call 1-800-4-CANCER.
Note: Separate PDQ summaries on Cervical Cancer Prevention, Cervical Cancer Treatment, and Levels of Evidence for Cancer Screening and Prevention Studies are also available.
Screening With the Papanicolaou (Pap) Test: Benefits
Based on solid evidence, regular screening of appropriate women for cervical cancer with the Pap test reduces mortality from cervical cancer. The benefits of screening women younger than 25 years are small because of low prevalence of lesions that will progress to invasive cancer. Screening is not beneficial in women older than 60 years if they have had a history of recent negative tests.[1,2]
Magnitude of Effect: Regular Pap screening decreases cervix cancer incidence and mortality by at least 80%.
Screening With the Pap Test: Harms
Based on solid evidence, regular screening with the Pap test leads to additional diagnostic procedures (e.g., colposcopy) and treatment for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), with long-term consequences for fertility and pregnancy. These harms are greatest for younger women, who have a higher prevalence of LSIL, lesions that often regress without treatment. Harms are also increased in younger women because they have a higher rate of false-positive results.
Magnitude of Effect: Additional diagnostic procedures were performed in 50% of women undergoing regular Pap testing. Approximately 5% were treated for LSIL. The number with impaired fertility and pregnancy complications is unknown.
Screening With the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Test: Benefits
Based on solid evidence, screening with HPV DNA or HPV RNA detects high-grade cervical dysplasia, a precursor lesion for cervical cancer. Additional clinical trials show that HPV testing is superior to other cervical cancer screening strategies.
Magnitude of Effect: In one prospective, clustered randomized trial, HPV testing was superior to other strategies for preventing cervical cancer mortality.[3,4]
Screening With the HPV DNA Test: Harms
Based on solid evidence, HPV testing identifies numerous infections that will not lead to cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer. This is especially true in women younger than 30 years, in whom rates of HPV infection may be higher.
Magnitude of Effect: In one study, 86.7 % of women with a positive HPV test did not develop cervical cancer or related premalignant disease after more than a decade of follow up.
Screening Women Without a Cervix
Based on solid evidence, screening is not helpful in women who do not have a cervix as a result of a hysterectomy for a benign condition.
Magnitude of Effect: Among women without cervices, fewer than 1 per 1,000 had abnormal Pap test results.
Natural history, incidence, and mortality
In the United States in 2012, it is estimated that 12,170 cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed and that 4,220 women will die of the disease.[1] These rates have been improving steadily. From 2004 to 2008, mortality rates decreased by 2.6% per year in African American women, and have remained stable in white women.[1] This improvement has been attributed largely to screening with the Papanicolaou (Pap) test.
Invasive squamous carcinoma of the cervix results from the progression of preinvasive precursor lesions called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), or dysplasia. CIN is histologically graded into mild dysplasia (CIN 1), moderate dysplasia (CIN 2), or severe dysplasia (CIN 3). Not all of these lesions progress to invasive cancer; many mild and moderate lesions regress. A further categorization, the Bethesda system, is based on cytologic findings: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or cannot rule out low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), LSIL (consisting of cytologic atypia and CIN 1), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), primarily CIN 2–3 plus carcinoma in situ.[2]
The rate at which invasive cancer develops from CIN is usually slow, measured in years and perhaps decades.[3] This long natural history provides the opportunity for screening to effectively detect this process during the preinvasive phase, thus allowing early treatment and cure. Because many of these preinvasive lesions (especially LSIL) would have never progressed to invasive cancer,[4,5,6] screening also runs the risk of leading to treatment for women who do not need to be treated.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic virus and the etiologic agent of cervical cancer and related premalignant disease. HPV is transmitted by sexual contact. Sexually inactive women rarely develop cervical cancer, while sexual activity at an early age with multiple sexual partners is a strong risk factor.[7] Nearly all women with invasive cervical cancer have evidence of HPV infection.[8,9,10,11] Most women with HPV infection, however, never develop cervical cancer; thus this infection is necessary but not sufficient for development of cancer.[12]
Although cervical cancer mortality increases with age,[13] the prevalence of CIN is highest among women in their 20s and 30s. Mortality is rare among women younger than 30 years; HSIL is rare among women older than 65 years who have been previously screened. About 70% of ASCUS and CIN 1 lesions regress within 6 years, while about 6% of CIN 1 lesions progress to CIN 3 or worse. In about 10% to 20% of women with CIN 3 lesions, the lesions progress to invasive cancer.[3,6,14]
Cervical cancer mortality is about 40% higher in black women younger than 65 years than in white women of the same age. Among women older than 65 years, cervical cancer mortality for black women is more than 250% higher than for white women.[15] In either case, mortality is rare among women of any age who have regular screenings.
The Pap Test
The Pap test has never been examined in a randomized controlled trial. A large body of consistent observational data, however, supports its effectiveness in reducing mortality from cervical cancer. Both incidence and mortality from cervical cancer have sharply decreased in a number of large populations following the introduction of well-run screening programs.[16,17,18,19] In Iceland, the mortality rate declined by 80% for more than 20 years, and in Finland and Sweden by 50% and 34%, respectively.[16,20] Similar reductions have been observed in large populations in the United States and Canada. Reductions in cervical cancer incidence and mortality were proportional to the intensity of screening.[16,20] Mortality in the Canadian provinces was reduced most remarkably in British Columbia, which had screening rates two to five times those of the other provinces.[21]
Case-control studies have found that the risk of developing invasive cervical cancer is three to ten times greater in women who have not been screened.[22,23,24,25] Risk also increases with long duration following the last normal Pap test, or similarly, with decreasing frequency of screening.[26,27] Screening every 2 to 3 years, however, has not been found to increase significantly the risk of finding invasive cervical cancer above the risk expected with annual screening.[27,28]
Accuracy of the Pap Test
Ideally, determining the sensitivity and specificity of a screening test would involve a study that applies a "gold standard" test (such as colposcopy with appropriate biopsy) to all participants (whether the screening test is positive or negative). Sensitivity (the percentage of "true-positive" cases that are detected by the screening test) and specificity (the percentage of "true-negative" cases that are negative by the screening test) could be calculated. Such studies have rarely been done for any screening test for cervical cancer. Studies that compare the Pap test with repeat Pap testing have found that the sensitivity of any abnormality on a single test for detecting high-grade lesions is 55% to 80%.[29,30] Because of the usual slow-growing nature of cervical cancer, the sensitivity of a program of regular Pap testing is likely higher.
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Pap smear, both a test threshold (i.e., the point at which the test will be considered to be "positive") and a reference-standard threshold (i.e., the point at which the reference standard is considered to be "positive") must be defined. In practice, ASCUS is often used as the test threshold, and CIN 1 is often used as the reference threshold. This combination gives a sensitivity of about 68% and a specificity of about 75%. A more appropriate test threshold may be LSIL, with a reference threshold of CIN 2–3. This combination gives a sensitivity of 70% to 80%, with a specificity of about 95%.[31]
One important factor in the accuracy of the Pap test is the adequacy of the specimen obtained. Adequate training and using techniques such as the cytobrush may improve sensitivity.[32]
New Screening Technologies
Newer techniques that employ liquid-based cytology (e.g., ThinPrep) have been developed to improve the sensitivity of screening. As with the Pap test, the optimal studies to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these technologies have not been done. Some less-than-optimal studies show that sensitivity is modestly higher for detecting any degree of CIN, with modestly lower specificity.[33,34] One careful study, however, showed that conventional Pap testing was slightly more sensitive and specific than liquid-based cytology.[35]
The evidence is also mixed about whether liquid-based techniques improve rates of test adequacy.[33,34] One advantage of liquid-based cytology is that HPV testing can be done on the same preparation; one disadvantage is that liquid-based approaches are more expensive than conventional Pap testing. No study has examined whether liquid-based cytology actually reduces the number of women dying of cervical cancer compared with conventional Pap testing.
Screening Women Who Have Had a Hysterectomy
Women who have had a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix for benign disease rarely have important abnormalities found on Pap testing. Several studies have shown that the rate of high-grade vaginal lesions or vaginal cancer is less than 1 in 1,000 tests;[36,37] no study has shown that screening for vaginal cancer reduces mortality from this rare condition.
Screening Interval
Because cervical cancer is slow growing, considerable uncertainty surrounds the issue of the optimal screening interval. The most direct evidence about this issue comes from a prospective cohort analysis of a randomized controlled trial.[38] Among 2,561 women (mean age 66.7 years) with normal Pap tests at baseline, 110 had an abnormal Pap test within the next 2 years. No woman was found to have CIN 2–3 or invasive cancer, and only one had CIN 1–2. Thus the positive-predictive value (PPV) of screening 1 year after a negative Pap test was 0%; after 2 years, the PPV was 0.9%. The authors concluded that Pap tests should not be repeated within 2 years of a negative test. A large (n = 332,000) prospective cohort study of cervical cytology and HPV DNA co-testing in U.S. women aged 30 years and older found that a negative Pap smear was associated with a low risk for developing CIN 3 or cancer (CIN 3+) for up to 5 years after the test (cumulative incidence of CIN 3+ at 3 and 5 years was 0.17% and 0.36%, respectively).[39]
A large study that included data from the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program together with modeling found little further mortality reduction from cervical cancer for screening every year as compared with screening every 3 years.[40] A similar modeling study from Australia found no differences between every 2 year and every 3 year screening.[41]
HPV Testing
Noninvasive cervical squamous cell abnormalities are graded histologically as CIN 1, CIN 2, or CIN 3, according to the severity of the cell changes and the percent of the epithelium replaced by abnormal cell growth. CIN 3 is a reasonably reproducible diagnosis and has an approximate 30% risk of developing into invasive cancer over many years if untreated.[42] CIN 2 has poor interobserver reproducibility,[43] and the biologic behavior is variable.[44] CIN 3 is therefore a more rigorous endpoint for clinical trials, while CIN 2 represents the threshold for treatment to provide an additional measure of safety.
Approximately 15 cancer-associated (high-risk or carcinogenic) HPV genotypes cause virtually all cases of cervical cancer and precursor lesions of CIN 2 and CIN 3. However, carcinogenic HPV infections are very common, particularly in young women, and the majority clear on their own within 1 to 2 years. Therefore, the challenge of incorporating HPV testing in cervical screening programs is to balance sensitivity for detection of CIN 2 or CIN 2+ and to minimize the over-referral of women with transient HPV infections and cervical changes that are destined to regress.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several HPV tests. Most of these tests are based on the detection of DNA from one or more oncogenic types of HPV. One test detects HPV RNA. HPV testing is approved for use in two contexts: (1) as a second (i.e., triage) test following an equivocal cytology result of ASCUS; and (2) for primary screening in conjunction with cervical cytology for women aged 30 years and older.[45].
A large randomized clinical trial, the ASCUS/LSIL Triage Study (ALTS), demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of using HPV testing to clarify the risk of an ASCUS Pap result.[46] ALTS randomly assigned women with ASCUS to one of three management strategies: Immediate colposcopy regardless of enrollment test results, referral to colposcopy if the HPV test was positive or if the enrollment cytology was HSIL, and referral to colposcopy only if the cytology was HSIL. The HPV triage strategy was as sensitive for detection of CIN 2+ as immediate colposcopy, while referring only about half of the women for the procedure. Repeat cytology with referral to colposcopy at the threshold of HSIL was less sensitive for CIN 3+ (60%) compared with HPV triage (92%); however, using a cytologic threshold of ASCUS for referral increased sensitivity but resulted in 72% of women with ASCUS undergoing colposcopy.[47] HPV testing is not recommended for adolescent women with ASCUS because most of these women are HPV positive.[48,49]
HPV DNA testing is generally not appropriate or clinically useful following cytology results of LSIL, which is more severe than ASCUS, and most of these women (84%–96%) are carcinogenic HPV DNA positive.[50] One exception may be to clarify the risk for postmenopausal women with cytologic LSIL, which is an interpretation that can be falsely positive, presumably due to atrophic changes.[51]
Primary screening
Testing for HPV DNA as a primary screening test has been FDA approved only in conjunction with cervical cytology and only in women aged 30 years and older. Women who are negative by cytology and HPV testing are at extremely low risk of CIN 3+ and therefore may be screened less often. A prospective cohort study of nearly 332,000 U.S. women aged 30 years and older undergoing HPV DNA and cervical cytology co-testing every 3 years found that the cumulative incidence of CIN 3+ in women negative for both tests at baseline was 0.047% at 3 years and 0.16% at 5 years.[39] Screening more frequently than every 3 years would not improve sensitivity significantly but would increase costs and overtreatment.[52,53]
Numerous studies have demonstrated that, compared with cytology, HPV DNA testing is more sensitive for identifying women who have CIN 2+ (range of sensitivities 84%–97%).[33,54,55,56,57,58,59] In one randomized trial using both Pap and HPV testing in random order among women aged 30 to 69 years, sensitivity of HPV was 95% compared with 55% for Pap cytology. The combination of HPV and cytology had 100% sensitivity and a referral rate of 7.9%.[55]
The lower specificity of HPV DNA testing compared with cytology is a consideration. Among women older than 30 years, cytology had a specificity of 97% compared with 94% for HPV testing.[55] The specificity of HPV DNA testing would likely be even lower among women younger than 30 years, who have more transient HPV infection that is of little consequence. Thus, detecting such women would potentially increase the number of follow-up diagnostic workups. Potential approaches to minimize over-referral with HPV DNA testing and improve specificity include: (1) triage HPV-positive results with cytology [59] or another more specific molecular assay;[60] and (2) trigger further workup only after two sequential positive HPV test results because it is the persistence of carcinogenic HPV that confers the greatest risk of CIN 2–3.[61,62]
An Italian population-based randomized, controlled trial of HPV DNA testing versus cervical cytology performed at 3-year intervals in approximately 94,000 women aged 25 to 60 years found a statistically significant decrease in the number of invasive cervical cancer cases diagnosed in the HPV DNA arm at the second round of screening (0 cases vs. 9 cases; P = .004). However, about 48% of individuals in the HPV DNA arm also received conventional cytology testing at the first screening round, making it impossible to discern whether the observed difference resulted from the use of a combined testing strategy or HPV DNA testing alone. Of note, many more women in the HPV DNA arm were referred to colposcopy for abnormal findings than in the cytology-alone arm (4,436 women vs. 1,416 women), prompting the authors to conclude that if the HPV DNA test is used as a primary screening strategy, women with positive test results should be triaged by cytology before referral.[63]
A study using data from a population-based randomized trial of cervical screening among women aged 32 to 38 years compared 11 different screening strategies using HPV DNA testing and cytology. The strategy of initial screening with an HPV DNA test and a triage of HPV-positive results with cytology, and subsequent repeat HPV DNA testing after 1 year for women who were HPV positive but cytology negative, increased the sensitivity for detection of CIN 3+ by 30% compared with cytology alone, and increased the total number of screening tests performed by only 12%.[64]
Screening Benefit According to Age
Cervical cancer mortality, usually occurring among unscreened women, increases with age, with the maximum mortality for white women between age 45 years and 70 years, and for black women in their 70s.[52,65] (Also available online.) Mortality among women with negative Pap screening is low at all ages.
Screening by Pap testing with associated diagnostic testing and treatment is effective in reducing the incidence of all histologies and stages of invasive cervical cancer.[66] The benefit increases with age. Whereas the odds ratio (OR) is 0.79 (95% CI, 0.57–1.1) among women screened at age 30 to 31 years for developing cancer at age 35 to 39 years, it improves to 0.26 (95% CI, 0.19–0.36) among women screened at age 52 to 54 years for developing cancer at age 55 to 59 years.
Women aged 20 to 24 years are those most likely to have Pap abnormalities leading to further testing and treatment (refer to the Evidence of Harm section of this summary for more information), so forgoing Pap testing in these women may improve the benefit-risk balance for this intervention.
HSIL are rare among women older than 65 years who have been previously screened. For women with a negative Pap test at age 60 years and older, the likelihood of having a new diagnosis of CIN 3+ on repeat screening is less than 1 in 1,000 (in some studies, as few as 2–6 in 10,000).[38]
Alternative Screening and Treatment Strategies in Low-resource Settings
Choice in methods of screening for cervical cancer in resource-limited countries or underserved populations has prompted the evaluation of one-time screen-and-treat approaches for cervical cancer screening.
A clustered, randomized, controlled trial in rural India evaluated the impact of one-time visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) and immediate colposcopy, directed biopsy, and cryotherapy (where indicated) on cervical cancer incidence and mortality in healthy women aged 30 to 59 years.[67] Fifty-seven clusters (n = 31,343 women) received the intervention, while 56 control clusters (n = 30,958 women) received counseling and education about cervical cancer screening. After 7 years of follow-up, with adjustments for age, education, marital status, parity, and cluster design, there was a 25% relative reduction in cervical cancer incidence in the intervention arm compared with the control group (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55–0.95). Using the same adjustments, cervical cancer mortality rates demonstrated a 35% relative reduction in the intervention arm compared with the control group (HR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.47–0.89); the age-standardized rate of death due to cervical cancer was 39.6 per 100,000 person-years for the intervention group versus 56.7 per 100,000 person-years for the control group. However, the same authors have subsequently reported that HPV testing is superior at reducing cervical cancer mortality using the same cohort.[68] This population was essentially screen naive at entry into the study and demonstrated a much higher overall risk for cervical cancer death (11% of the controls) than that observed in the U.S. population; the applicability of these findings to the United States and similar western health care systems is therefore difficult to assess. Histological diagnosis of cervical lesions happened after treatment had already taken place, and approximately 27% of patients in this trial received cryotherapy for lesions later determined to be nonmalignant.[69]
A study of the feasibility of single-visit management of high-grade cervical lesions was conducted among a predominantly Latina population in California.[70] Women were randomly assigned to a single-visit group (n = 1,716) in which the Pap test was evaluated immediately and treatment administered the same day for women with HSIL or atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) results; or to usual care (n = 1,805), with results of the Pap test provided within 2 to 4 weeks and referrals for treatment based on results. The program was feasible, with a high degree of acceptability and results in 14 of 16 (88%) women with abnormal test results completing treatment by 6 months versus 10 of 19 (53%) women in the usual care arm completing treatment by 6 months. Follow-up at 12 months was also higher among women in the single-visit group with HSIL/AGUS than among those in the usual-care arm; among all women, only 36% in each group had a follow-up Pap test at 1 year.
Self-collected HPV testing may be an alternative method for cervical screening in communities with limited access to health care providers. A pooled analysis of cervical screening studies conducted in China compared sensitivity and specificity of self-collection of cervical specimens for HPV DNA testing, physician-collected specimens for HPV testing, liquid-based cytology (LBC) and visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA). The study included 13,004 participants in the analysis. Women had all three sampling methods; in one study included in the pooled analysis, all women had colposcopy and biopsies. Of note, the women were instructed in the self-collection methodology by physicians, which likely affected the quality of specimen collection and thus the accuracy of the test in these studies. Physician-collected specimen HPV DNA testing had the highest sensitivity 97% for CIN 2+ (95% CI, 95.2%–98.3%) and 97.8 for CIN 3+ (95% CI, 95.3%–99.2%). Self-collected specimen HPV testing had moderate agreement with physician-collected specimen testing (k = 0.67). Pooled sensitivity for self-collected HPV testing was 86.2% for CIN 2+ (95% CI, 82.9%–89.1%) and 86.1% for CIN 3+ (95% CI, 81.4%–90.0%). Pooled specificity for self-collected HPV DNA testing was 80.7% (95% CI, 75.6%–85.8%) for CIN 2+ and 79.5% (95% CI, 74.1%–84.8%) for CIN 3+. The specificity of HPV testing was lowest of all screening modalities. Whereas pooled sensitivity was highest for physician-based HPV testing, it was lowest for the VIA screening methods—50.3% for CIN 2+ and 55.7% for CIN 3+. Pooled specificity was highest for LBC—94.0% for CIN 2+ and 92.8% for CIN 3+.[71]
A randomized trial in South Africa evaluated the impact on diagnosis of CIN 2+ at 6 months with a screen-and-treat approach with VIA and HPV versus delayed evaluation.[72] Women underwent HPV DNA testing and VIA testing (n = 6,555) and then returned in 2 to 6 days and were randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive (1) cryotherapy if the HPV DNA test result was positive (n = 2,163; 473 HPV+ and 467 treated); (2) cryotherapy if the VIA test result was positive (n = 2,227; 492 VIA+ and 482 treated); or (3) delayed evaluation (n = 2,165). At 6 months, CIN 2+ was diagnosed in 0.80% of women in the HPV+/cryotherapy group, in 2.23% of the VIA+/cryotherapy group, and in 3.55% of the delayed evaluation group. Differences in the prevalence of CIN 2+ persisted among the subset of women evaluated at 12 months. For the secondary outcome of CIN 3+, prevalence of CIN 3+ lesions was low among the three groups but followed the same pattern (two cases in the HPV DNA group, three cases in the VIA group, and eight cases in the delayed evaluation group).
Annually in the United States, an estimated 65 million women undergo cervical cancer screening;[1] about 3.9 million (6%) will be referred for further evaluation.[2] About 11,000 cases of invasive cervical cancer were diagnosed in 2008. Thus, Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening results in a large number of colposcopies for benign conditions.
The major potential harm of screening for cervical cancer lies in the screening detection of many cytologic abnormalities such as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), the majority of which would never progress to cervical cancer. Women with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive ASCUS or LSIL on Pap testing are usually referred for colposcopy. Histological CIN 2+ is treated with cryotherapy or loop electrosurgical excision procedure. These procedures permanently alter the cervix and have consequences on fertility and pregnancy.[3] Younger women are more likely to acquire HPV infections and be referred for diagnostic workup, and they are more likely to suffer harms from interventions for a condition that often resolves spontaneously.
Based on an analysis of screening records from nearly 350,000 women in Bristol, England, investigators projected that 1,000 women would need to be screened for cervical cancer for 35 years to prevent one death from the disease. For each death prevented, the authors estimated that more than 150 women have an abnormal result, more than 80 women are referred for investigation, and more than 50 women have treatment.
Added Screening With the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Test: Benefits as a new subsection.
Added Screening With the HPV DNA Test: Harms as a new subsection.
Description of the Evidence
Revised text to state that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved several HPV tests and that most of these tests are based on the detection of DNA from one or more oncogenic types of HPV.
Added text to state that self-collected HPV testing may be an alternative method for cervical screening in communities with limited access to health care providers (added Zhao et al. as reference 71).
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This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about cervical cancer screening. It is intended as a resource to inform and assist clinicians who care for cancer patients. It does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions.
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Hooters tries to keep image, but lure female customers
Hooters, the chicken-wing chain known for waitresses in tight orange shorts, wants to make it easier for guys to drop by. That means paying a little more attention to their wives and girlfriends.
Walk into almost any Hooters and it's easy to see why some women might be creeped out. Wall-to-wall dark wood. Posters of bikinied Hooters girls. Titillated guys downing pitchers of beer and making cracks like: "They have great wings."
When Chief Executive Officer Terry Marks was hired last year to make over the chain, he found women also were steering clear because the menu was stale, the restaurants were dated and the food was overpriced. Marks wants to remove the Hooters stigma so men aren't embarrassed to put the chain on an expense account and women aren't as quick to veto a meal there.
"Face it, females are 51 percent of the population," said John Gordon, principal at Pacific Management Consulting Group in San Diego. "They've enjoyed more employment growth and you can't ignore them."
Make no mistake. Hooters is still mostly for guys, who make up two-thirds of the chain's customers. Marks insists Hooters will be every bit as sexy as always and that the iconic uniforms are there to stay. Instead, he's freshening up the menu, creating a night scene and bringing more light into the restaurants to make it clear there is nothing to be ashamed of.
No sweaters
"There's an opportunity to broaden the net without putting wool sweaters on the Hooters girls," Marks said in an interview at his office in Atlanta. "Everything we do should appeal more to women, but nothing we will do will turn men off."
There's reason to look for a happy balance. After Hooters' U.S. revenue peaked in 2007 at $960 million, the recession took a toll, pushing down sales every year since, according to Technomic Inc. Revenue dropped 3.4 percent to $858 million last year, while U.S. full-service restaurant revenue increased 1.8 percent, data from the Chicago-based researcher show.
Hooters, which is facing increasing competition from other so-called "breastaurants," including Titled Kilt and Twin Peaks, is vying for customers as U.S. consumer confidence declines and prices for raw ingredients rise. Confidence among Americans fell in August by the most in 10 months as households grew more pessimistic about the economic outlook.
The first Hooters opened in Clearwater, Florida in 1983, a lark by six businessmen who didn't take the beach bar too seriously. The name is from a Steve Martin comedy skit and the Christmas lights found in most locations became iconic after the owners were too lazy to take them down after the holidays. A group of Atlanta investors added capital and the chain has since grown to 430 restaurants in 44 states and 28 countries.
Private-equity owners
Hooters of America LLC, the franchiser that hired Marks, operates the majority of stores and is controlled by a group of investors, including private-equity fund Chanticleer Holdings LLC. Marks, a former Coca-Cola Co. bottling executive, has spent most of his 10 months with Hooters improving the menu.
Hooters now touts fresh-not-frozen wings and hamburger patties. The chain doubled its salads to six, replacing iceberg lettuce with mixed greens and adding shrimp, spinach and fresh herbs to give women and health-conscious men more choices. In company-owned locations, burgers now come with fries, and wings are served with blue cheese after research revealed customers felt "nickeled and dimed" buying them separately, Marks said.
The changes come as Hooters scored below Chili's Grill & Bar, owned by Brinker International Inc., and DineEquity Inc.'s Applebee's for value, food quality and menu variety, according to an August consumer report from Nation's Restaurant News and consultant WD Partners.
Getting traction
There are signs of traction, said Jessi Isola, marketing director at Oceanside, California-based Hoot Winc LLC, a Hooters franchisee with stores in California, Washington and Oregon. More women are showing up at the company's 18 West Coast locations, she said.
On a recent weekday, a Hooters in Chicago's Near North neighborhood was advertising "Buncha Lunches" for $5.99. A sign above the entrance said, "U Have The Draft, We Have The Fantasy." Inside, multicolored Christmas lights were strung above the bar and a Leinenkugel canoe paddle hung front and center.
Jeaneth Mazzocco, 38, had just finished a batch of classic wings with co-worker James Pierson, 47. Mazzocco dines at Hooters about once a month and said colleagues from University of Illinois at Chicago "find it funny that we go."
Girls gimmick
"It might have been seen as scandalous 40 years ago," Pierson added. "We're going there for the food" and the beautiful girls are just a "gimmick" to get diners in the door, he said.
It's that internal dialog that Hooters wants to hit head on with new television ads, said Noel Cottrell, chief creative officer at Fitzgerald & Co. Ads by the agency feature devil owl and angel owl finger puppets giving advice to guys.
"With Hooters, for guys in particular, there's a thing that goes through their head, which is like, 'Well, should I go or shouldn't I go?'" Cottrell said. "We just wanted to make light of that discussion."
The menu isn't all that's evolving. Hooters will renovate 70 percent of its U.S. stores. They're adding amenities such as street-level patios and replacing some of the dark wood with more contemporary furnishings to evolve the beach shack vibe. One of the most important design elements will be larger windows so people outside can see in.
New design
"There is nothing to hide," Chief Marketing Officer Dave Henninger said. "For those folks who are convinced there's something to hide inside a Hooters, this new design should disabuse them of that notion."
New flatscreen TVs have replaced old box televisions and Marks sprung for costly sports programming packages for professional football, baseball and other leagues so they could make a nationwide promise to show every game. National Football League games and Ultimate Fighting Championship mixed martial arts bouts are huge draws for couples, Henninger said. New TV ads feature former NFL Super Bowl coach Jon Gruden, once a Hooters cook, pitching the chain as the place to watch football.
Bars often located at the back of Hooters facing the kitchen will be moved into the middle of the restaurant and circled with seating for late-night socializing. And Hooters is expanding beyond beer with new cocktails and more wines as some locations are now open until 2 a.m.
"They haven't really changed the aesthetic of the restaurant" since its founding, said Nima Samadi, senior analyst at Santa Monica, California-based researcher IBISWorld Inc. Giving the stores a more modern look may "help them transition from the Boomers to Generation X."
While the uniforms will stay skimpy, more contemporary fits and fabric may be in the works, said CMO Henninger, who predicts any changes will spark a "world debate."


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text:
Topic: lawsuit
Apple v Samsung jury validates American patent system, raises new questions for the future of tech
08/24/2012, 10:08 pm
The complex verdict reached by the jury in the Apple vs. Samsung case sends a strong message about a willingness of a jury to enforce U.S. patents against flagrant infringement while at the same time rejecting patent claims that lack strong support, particularly when it comes to prior art.
Apple seeks preliminary injunction against Samsung devices in post-trial motion
08/24/2012, 09:08 pm
Following its significant court win over Samsung on Friday, Apple is seeking a preliminary injunction against the devices found to be infringing on the company's patents, citing "irreparable harm" if the units were to stay on sale.
Samsung says verdict is not an Apple win, but a 'loss for the American consumer' [u]
08/24/2012, 08:08 pm
Minutes after the Apple v. Samsung jury handed down a pro-Apple verdict on Friday, Samsung released a statement decrying the ruling, saying the judgment was less of a win for Apple as it was a loss for consumers.
Samsung guilty of patent infringement, Apple awarded nearly $1.05B [u]
08/24/2012, 05:08 pm
After only two and a half days of deliberations, the Apple v. Samsung jury handed down a sweeping victory for Apple, finding Samsung infringed on all but one of Apple's asserted patents while the iPhone maker didn't violate any of the Korean company's properties.
South Korean court finds both Apple and Samsung guilty of patent infringement
08/24/2012, 12:08 am
In what could be a harbinger of the U.S. Apple v. Samsung trial, a South Korean court on Friday found both companies were guilty of infringing on each others' patents, banning sales of Apple's iPhone 4 and iPad 2 as well as a number of Samsung smartphones and tablets.
Apple, Samsung portray different visions of the future given jury's decision
08/23/2012, 06:08 pm
After a month of presenting the jury with their respective cases, attorneys for Apple and Samsung spent their final allotted minutes in closing arguments this week, each warning that jury's decision will have far reaching consequences on the future of the American tech industry.
DoJ accuses Apple of prolonging price fixing suit for financial gain
08/23/2012, 05:08 pm
In a reply memorandum filed on Wednesday, the U.S. Department of Justice said Apple's request to block a summary judgment is driven by the company's unwillingness to compete in the e-book market.
Apple, Samsung present closing arguments in California patent trial
08/21/2012, 06:08 pm
Apple and Samsung on Tuesday presented closing arguments in their high-stakes patent trial, with each side jockeying for position ahead of jury deliberation expected to start on Wednesday.
Jury won't be informed of deleted Apple, Samsung emails
08/20/2012, 06:08 am
In an early-morning order on Tuesday, Apple v. Samsung presiding Judge Lucy Koh ruled that the jury will not hear that both parties may have inadvertently, or purposefully, destroyed email evidence which may have been pertinent to the case.
Motorola's seven-patent ITC complaint against Apple detailed
08/20/2012, 11:08 pm
In Motorola's second U.S. International Trade Commission complaint against Apple, the company asserts a number of products infringe on seven owned patents pertaining to wireless technologies like location-based reminders, multimedia applications and managing messages and content.
'No resolution' in last-minute Apple, Samsung settlement talks
08/20/2012, 09:08 pm
Apple and Samsung CEOs met on Monday in a final attempt to resolve issues related to the ongoing patent trial in California, however one of the company's counsel informed presiding Judge Lucy Koh the talks yielded no resolution.
Overly complex verdict questionnaire could confuse jury, judge says [u]
08/20/2012, 08:08 pm
Apple v. Samsung presiding Judge Lucy Koh on Monday voiced her opinion on the parties' tentative jury verdict forms, saying the 21-page document could confuse jurors with its complexity.
Samsung Galaxy Nexus copied iPhone features to steal market share, Apple says
08/20/2012, 07:08 pm
During opening arguments of an appeals court hearing on Monday, Apple counsel said Samsung sought to steal iPhone market share with its Galaxy Nexus smartphone by copying a number of the Apple handset's features including a patented unified search invention.
Apple witness builds Fidler tablet replica to disprove prior art claims
08/20/2012, 05:08 pm
An Apple expert witness on Friday brought out a detailed recreation of the Fidler tablet concept in an effort to disprove Samsung's claims of prior art against the iPad.
Jury likely to decide Apple and Samsung case as parties fail to narrow dispute
08/18/2012, 10:08 pm
Apple and Samsung on Saturday said no progress was made in narrowing claims against each other in the two companies' ongoing high-stakes California patent trial, making the possibility of a jury verdict all the more likely.
Apple, Samsung rest cases in patent trial as testimony phase wraps up
08/17/2012, 08:08 pm
Both parties rested their case in the Apple v. Samsung trial on Friday, bringing an end to the testimony portion of the proceedings ahead of closing arguments and jury deliberation set to take place next week.
Motorola files new ITC suit against Apple, claims patent infringement [u]
08/17/2012, 07:08 pm
Google-owned Motorola on Friday filed its second U.S. International Trade Commission suit against Apple, claiming the iPhone, iPad and certain Mac computers infringe on owned patents.
Judge Koh allows Samsung to present Fidler tablet concept as iPad prior art
08/17/2012, 02:08 pm
Over Apple's objections, Samsung was granted the right to present pictures of a tablet newspaper concept from 1994 as evidence of prior art refuting the originality of its iPad design patents.
Judge denies Samsung's 'me too' evidence spoliation filing
08/17/2012, 02:08 am
In an order filed late Thursday, Apple v. Samsung Magistrate Judge Paul Grewal denied Samsung's request that the jury be told Apple may have destroyed email evidence pertinent to the case.
Samsung rests it case, says Apple could owe nearly $422M in royalties
08/16/2012, 07:08 pm
Samsung on Thursday rested its case in the Apple v. Samsung trial, concluding its phase of the trial with a pair of expert witnesses who believe Apple could owe $421.8 million in royalties over five patents owned by the South Korean company.


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MENOMONIE (November 1, 2013) - A second straight 100-yard game for Adolfo Pacheco (Fr, South Elgin, Ill), five quarterback sacks by the defense and three Hank Kujak (Jr, Blair) touchdown passes led the Blue Devils to their first conference win of the season, 35-27 over UW-Eau Claire.
Despite a late rally by the Blugolds, the defense came up big when it mattered most to reclaim the War on Interstate 94 trophy for the Blue Devils.
Pacheco finished with 124 yards on 24 carries, including two touchdowns, both coming in the third quarter. Kujak was 20-36 for 215 yards. He also was the team's second leading rusher, picking up 21 yards on 4 carries.
The Blue Devils (3-5, 1-4) staked out an early 7-0 lead, as they drove 63 yards on their opening drive, capped off by a Trevor Morning (Sr, Bloomer) touchdown reception from seven yards out. Morning finished with 4 grabs for 43 yards on the day.
A short punt by Eau Claire early in the second quarter set the Blue Devils up in great field position. Starting from the Blugolds 38, Stout needed a little over a minute to make up the difference, as Kujak found his brother Reggie Kujak (So, Blair) in the middle of the enzone for a 6-yard scoring strike.
Two drives later, Kujak found Kujak again, this time in the corner, with the younger Kujak making an acrobatic one-handed catch to put the Blue Devils up 21-3.
A Joel Sweeney touchdown run with under a minute to go in the half cut the lead to 21-10 going into the break.
Stout's defense was able to force a punt on the Blugolds first drive of the second half, but an interception by Luke Hoyord gave Eau Claire the ball back with a short field in front of them.
Three plays later, Sweeney took it in from 18-yards out to cut the lead to 21-17.
From there, Pacheco took over. For the third quarter, Pacheco carried the ball 10 times, racking up 65 yards and both of his touchdowns. His first came from 2-yards out midway through the period and extended the lead to 28-17.
On Stout's next drive, an offside penalty on a Ricky Marteney (Sr, Greenfield) 49-yard field goal try gave the Blue Devils a first downand they took advantage, as Kujak found Cody Rosemeyer (Jr, Gilman) for 15 yards down to the Eau Claire five. Pacheco punched it on the next play for a 35-17 Stout lead.
Rosemeyer finished with 4 grabs for 41 yards. Brian Alvarez (Jr, Atwater, Cali.) led teh Blue Devils with 5 catches for 54 yards.
Sweeney would do his best to lead the Blugolds back with a 70-yard touchdown run to start the fourth quarter, but the Blue Devils defense was able to clamp down and preserve the victory.
A field goal with just under two minutes to go put the score at 35-27 and that would be as close as the Blugolds would get. An onside kick on the ensuing kick-off was recoverd by Stout and the Blue Devils were able to run out the clock.
Stout's defense had five sacks and 11 tackles for loss on the afternoon, as Kevin Houts (Jr, Bloomington, MInn), Spencer Adler (Sr, Little Chute), and Mike Bond (Jr, Milwaukee) each recorded a sack. David Lindell (Sr, New Richland, Minn), Josh Archibald (Jr, Cottage Grove) Jamie Rohrig (Jr, Owatonna, Minn), and Chris Biederman (Fr, Plum City) all had a half sack on the afternoon.
Biederman also had a forced fumble that was recovered by cornerback Dominque Rhodes (Jr, Milwaukee) that led to the second of Reggie Kujak's touchdown receptions.
Lindell tied for the team lead with 14 tackles, 4 solo. Luke Bakkum (Jr, Oconomowoc) also had 14, 6 solo. Adler finished with 9 tackles, 4 solo and Tyler Naatz (Jr, Menomonie) had 9, 2 solo.
Next week, the Blue Devils will travel to River Falls (0-8, 0-5) to take on the Falcons. It will be the 100th meeting between the teams.
Don Williams a major contributor to the recreation athletic complex passed away this week. Don and Nona Williams Stadium is named after him and his wife.
Blue Devils Triumph 35-27 in Battle for I-94
|UW-Eau Claire (1-7)
|UW-Stout (3-5)
MENOMONIE (November 1, 2013) - A second straight 100-yard game for Adolfo Pacheco (Fr, South Elgin, Ill), five quarterback sacks by the defense and three Hank Kujak (Jr, Blair) touchdown passes led the Blue Devils to their first conference win of the season, 35-27 over UW-Eau Claire.


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Teen's Project Could Impact Cancer Treatment
Pennsylvania's Jonah Kallenbach, 17, won second place in Intel's Science Talent Search contest for his bioinformatics and genomics research to could open doors to new treatments for breast and ovarian cancer. Photo: Intel.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... it's ... the winner seventy five cents ... from ... Pennsylvania ... and Germantown Academy ... Chase ... Jonah column ... the the the ... I was from the Intel Science award so many of the of this week while commit Digits I'm Simon console on the young man eighteen and show it was Jonah column back ... and he has discovered some that could help in the fight against cancer he joins us now from Amla Pennsylvania ... I'm good to adapt the names of congratulations and thanks for joining us ... Q so what's going to be here ... so ... tell us in the simplest um so ... what you discovered because it is quite amazing ... you will other blight deals ... I was working and was bioinformatics ... which is the application of computer science biology ... and essentially what it was was trying to figure out when I was is the closet for teens would interact with another class of proteins in the present is particularly interested in studying ... our work on this order turkeys and these are proteins that are flexible and have many different shapes ... and that could be developed into a broad therapies right that's that's the idea that's why this is so groundbreaking ... well we've never actually been able to design drugs that can target disordered regions because we didn't really understand how they work ... this of this research could potentially allow for new methods for drugs IH and which disorder regions can be targeted as well as used in strokes ... okay now ... you have the idea of this cuz when I was sixteen and seventeen I suddenly want them to ... making groundbreaking now ... breakthroughs in and signed some lean on him from therapy ... well I've been interested in biochemistry Cincinnati in each ... of my grandfather's actually biochemistry professor ... on the scene is always buying me chemistry and microscopes ... I'm so so I was really interesting the stock and designer I was working at this this program called the recent Science Institute which is not a diet eating matches the entry area ... of NY Mets are basically told me not dispute that disordered proteins and he showed me one of the problems that they've been proposed in a keeper ... and I was really I was hooked from the beginning I think they're really really interesting concept that ... that haven't ... been hasn't been explored as much as it should ... I'm ... so so that's how I got it gets its research ... and to um up on a sunny mine and the partnering with some drug companies does that mean you can skip college the strength of the big time ... well um I think I intend to go to college and he's the imports have a general education ... before you go into a more specific you would see that you know knowledge is to try it out ... however I am interested in collaborating with pharmaceutical company and in contact with a ... pharmaceutical executive so ... I'm hopefully ... this discovery will be translated into a ... more viable medical treatments within the next ... five to ten or more years ... and what a wonderful time ... I did do you do guards and forty one a day ... I live TV things ... I play our Steve water pollution and ice ... as well ... so those are very good stretch theaters actually the car ... ISG ... Campbell College a gun to sew ... actually I share just yet ... I've sorted it sells through the house up in my mind I was there a lot of really interesting places ... Harvard MIT Stanford ... definitely up there ... that well but not good good places to go into ... on of eleven from getting and then the congratulations again had shown that column back coming to us from hamlet Pennsylvania is an Intel Science Award winner ... we appreciate time so ... think you so much for having me ...


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1GHz Qualcomm MSM8250, 576MB of RAM, 1,300mAh Li-Pol battery, 3.7-inch WVGA Super LCD screen, and an 8 megapixel camera with Xenon flash around the back. Those are the handsome, albeit somewhat predictable, specs of the purported HTC Mozart we have on show today. It looks and reads very much like HTC has just transported the Nexus One/Desire recipe into the Windows Phone 7 world, which isn't exactly the worst idea in the world. But you know what, every time we see one of these WP7 devices in action, we're taken aback by the swiftness of their responsiveness (honestly, Microsoft didn't have to pay us to say that... not extra, anyway), so do yourself a favor and witness this humbly-named device cranking through a Bluetooth pairing process after the break.
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With elections in February, Israel searching for its Obama
JERUSALEM — While U.S. Sen. Barack Obama was running for president, Israeli pundits publicly fretted that he was too green, too liberal and too naive to capably navigate diplomatic quagmires in the Middle East.
Now, Israeli politicians can't get enough of the president-elect.
Candidates across the Israeli political spectrum are doing everything they can to wrap themselves in the Obama mystique as they position themselves for national elections in February.
The conservative front-runner has re-designed his campaign web site to mirror Obama's.
The religious right wing party has appropriated Obama's trademark "Yes We Can" slogan - and personalized it by adding "...with God's help."
And one of Israel's small, left wing parties enlisted help from a pair of Obama campaign consultants.
But the mad rush by Israeli politicians to wrap themselves in Obama sloganeering hasn't obscured an uncomfortable reality recognized by most pundits: There is no Israeli Obama poised to become a transformative voice in the Middle East.
"Israel is undergoing a profound transition from leaders who had moral authority and competence to a younger set of leaders who have demonstrated that they're not quite up to it," said Aaron David Miller, author of "The Much Too Promised Land: America's Elusive Search for Arab-Israeli Peace," and an adviser to six former U.S. secretaries of state. "Israel is going to have enough trouble finding a competent leader, much less a transformative Israel is heading into a period of political change, but no one expects elections to produce dramatic changes.
The current front-runner is conservative Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu, who served three lackluster years as prime minister in the late-1990s.
That hasn't kept Netanyahu from trying to lay claim to some Obama charm in the weeks since the Illinois Democrat beat U.S. Sen. John McCain to become U.S. president-elect.
The Likud Party now deliberately mirrors the Obama campaign Web site's color, format and style. And Netanyahu aides played up their decision to enlist advice from two low-level Obama political consultants.
Netanyahu's attempts to link himself to Obama earned him the ridicule of Amos Biderman, the Haaretz newspaper political cartoonist who drew the Likud leader getting an extreme Obama-esque makeover. In the cartoon, stylists put blackface on Netanyahu and curl his newly-dyed-black hair to look more like the U.S. president-elect.
"I don't see anybody that is new and has (Obama's) talent and coolness," said Biderman. "I'm sure that there could be an Israeli Obama, but so far nature hasn't supplied one."
Of the next potential Israeli prime ministers, Netanyahu probably represents the one least ideologically aligned with Obama.
When compared with Obama, Netanyahu favors go-slow diplomacy with Israel's Arab neighbors and a more confrontational approach to deterring Iran from pressing ahead with its nuclear program.
But Netanayhu's not the only conservative Israeli appropriating Obama imagery.
Israel's conservative-religious Shas Party has adopted Obama's signature "Yes We Can" slogan, translated it into Hebrew, added "...with God's help" and plastered it on bus billboards across the country.
And Shas is even farther from Obama's ideological foundations than Likud.
The problem in Israel, said former Israeli adviser Daniel Levy, is that the nation's voters are still largely driven by fear, whereas Obama's election was a direct rejection of the politics of fear.
"The path to change is really challenging that existing paradigm," said Levy, who served as an adviser to Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and is now a senior fellow at the New America Foundation in Washington, D.C.
In the upcoming election, voters are facing a choice among members of a new generation of political leaders whose resumes lack the gravitas of the country's warrior-statesmen who helped found Israel.
Each potential next prime minister has had a chance to lead the nation - and fallen short.
Netanyahu served three years as prime minister before losing to Labor leader Ehud Barak in 1999.
Barak unsuccessfully sought to secure a breakthrough peace deal with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. Within months, the second Palestinian uprising broke out and Barak was forced from office after less than two years as prime minister.
Now back as Labor Party leader and defense minister in the current coalition led by Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, Barak is a long-shot to regain the post.
Netanyahu faces a stronger challenge from Tzipi Livni, Israel's foreign minister and the woman elected to succeed Olmert as head of the young center-right Kadima Party.
Had Livni been able to pull together a coalition government this fall, she could have avoided elections. But Livni refused to agree to political demands from Shas for joining her coalition. That sent Livni into the elections with a weak hand and little political cachet.
If there were to be an Israeli Obama, some think the leader would have to come from among Israel's Arab minority - an idea that isn't within the realm of possibility in the current political climate.
"Israel hasn't gone through its own civil rights struggle, so we're so not in a place where someone could have credibility inside the Arab community and have appeal to the broader community," said Levy. "We're not in that place because the narrative of Israeli-ness is still structured on such a level of exclusivity rather than inclusiveness that, until you address that reality, it's fantastical to think in those terms."
Cuba at 50: Has a half-century of revolution improved lives?
Raul Castro's visit with Chavez shows Cuba's need for oil
New elections could turn Israel to the right


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When you are first diagnosed with
HIV, your doctor will check your current health
status. He or she will ask questions about your current symptoms and past
health to find out whether you have had any HIV-related illnesses, whether you
have medicine allergies, whether your immunizations are up-to-date, and whether
you have ever been hospitalized for illness or surgery.
Many of
the tests a doctor does during the initial exam will be repeated during regular
checkups to monitor changes in your health.
You can help your doctor diagnose
and treat your condition by being prepared to answer the following
Your doctor will do a complete
physical exam to find out your present state of health. This may include the
following exams:
The medical history and physical exam are done right
after a person has been diagnosed with HIV infection (2 positive
ELISA tests and 1 positive
Western blot assay).
A thorough physical exam will
provide information about your present state of health. Your doctor will talk to you about the benefits and risks of starting treatment for HIV.
During later visits,
your doctor will do tests, such as viral load and CD4+ cell count, to see whether your health status is
These exams will be
done during regular follow-up exams or if specific symptoms develop.
The medical history and physical exam may
provide the following results.
No abnormalities are found. After the initial workup, talk
to your doctor to decide how often to schedule follow-up exams.
If you do not have symptoms but you have a high CD4+ cell
count and a low viral load, your doctor will probably recommend that you have
follow-up exams at least every 6 months or sooner if you develop symptoms of
Signs of illness are found. Follow-up and treatment will
depend on the specific problem.
Your family medicine physician or
internist may not be able to diagnose and treat all the problems that can be
caused by HIV infection. Your doctor may refer you to another doctor who
specializes in conditions that affect different body systems. Before you make
an appointment with a specialist, find out whether he or she has experience
treating people who have HIV-related illnesses.
Complications of
HIV may require treatment by the following doctors:
Complete the medical test information form (PDF)(What is a PDF document?) to help you prepare for this test.
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Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & Peter Shalit, MD, PhD - Internal Medicine
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By posting on its own website a threat to attack Kenya, and then disavowing that threat as a "fake," Somali insurgent group Al Shabab may seem a bit confused.
But that doesn't make either the threat or the people who made the threat any less dangerous, nor Kenya any less vulnerable, security analysts say. It may indicate a split among the group's leadership between jihadists and nationalists.
With hundreds of thousands of Somali refugees residing within its borders, and a sizable indigenous Somali ethnic community as well, Kenya must remain vigilant against potential threats such as the Islamist Al-Shabab militia, which professes close ties to and a shared ideology with Al Qaeda. Kenya's vulnerability was seen plainly last week, after protests over the planned deportation of a radical Jamaican cleric turned violent in Nairobi's Somali neighborhood of Eastleigh, and as protesters unfurled the black flag of Al Shabab to show their radical allegiances.
"If the Mungiki [an ethnic Kikuyu militia] can carry out attacks in Nairobi, anybody can," says Richard Cornwell, a veteran Africa analyst from Tshwane (Pretoria). "Whether this is really Al Shabab or ordinary criminal elements pretending to act in the defense of Islam – we're more than just bandits, we're religious bandits – it doesn't really matter. They can do bloody well what they want."
'When we arrive we will hit, hit until we kill'
This week, after Kenya's security forces detained hundreds of protesters in the Somali-dominated neighborhood of Eastleigh, Al Shabab's official website carried an audio recording of a threat to attack Kenya.
"God willing we will arrive in Nairobi, we will enter Nairobi, God willing we will enter ... when we arrive we will hit, hit until we kill, weapons we have, praise be to God, they are enough," Reuters news agency quoted the seven-minute long chanting message from Swahili.
On Saturday, Kenya's Interior Minister George Saitoti accused Al Shabab of infiltrating the demonstrations in Nairobi against the arrest and deportation of Jamaican-born cleric Abdullah Al-Faisal.
Al Shabab spokesman Sheikh Ali Mohamud Rage later told Reuters that the audio recording was fake.
"We didn't threaten Kenya. That story is a false one," Mr. Rage told a Reuters reporter. "We never posted that on the Internet. ... Everything needs to be checked first by the media to make sure they know what they are writing about."
Rashid Abdi, a Horn of Africa specialist at the International Crisis Group in Nairobi, says that the threat – even if disavowed by Al Shabab's leadership – could indicate splits within top Al Shabab leadership.
"I think you have a nationalist group within Al Shabab, who are fed up with global jihadist agenda, and they saying our plate is already full with fighting the African Union and Western-backed transitional government, so we have no business taking on Kenya," says Mr. Abdi. "On the other side you have the foreign jihadis, who say, 'no, no, no, you signed up for global jihad."
In any case, the threat against Kenya is likely to prompt Kenya to clamp down on Islamists in particular and the Somali community in general, which will likely push more young Muslims into the arms of Al Shabab. "If the jihadis don't want peace, then this is good for their agenda. It will radicalize ethnic Somalis in Kenya, and boost their recruitment."
'Measured response' is needed
Al Shabab – a militia that controls most of southern Somalia, including most of the capital of Mogadishu – has threatened to attack other countries before: against Ethiopia for its December 2006 invasion of Somalia, and against Uganda and Burundi for contributing troops for the African Union peacekeeping mission that supports the shaky transitional government in Somalia. As yet, none of its threats have been carried out, although Al Shabab has claimed credit for a series of suicide bombings throughout Somalia itself.
Security analysts say that the porous nature of Kenya's borders with Somalia, and the fact that Al-Qaeda influenced supporters have carried out bombing attacks in Nairobi – most notably the 1998 bombing of the US embassy – are reason enough for Kenya to be on its guard. But Mr. Cornwell says that Kenya must be careful to be measured in its response.
"This called for a measured response and circumspection about one's foreign policy," says Cornwell. "When the American government supported Ethiopia in its invasion of Somalia, for the first time the mullahs in Eastleigh were putting politics into their sermons."
Strong actions can have unintended consequences and actually fan the flames of radical sentiment, Cornwell says, "but unfortunately, that isn't the way people's minds work" in the world where foreign policy is made.


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New Malware Specifically Targets Firefox
The malware resembles DNSChanger, a common DNS hijacking threat, but operates differently. Instead of hacking the registry to change DNS, the new variant throws a DLL into the C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\components directory and therefore runs inside the browser.
This is not a vulnerability in Firefox in any sense; in order for this to happen the user has to run a malicious program as Administrator or some other privileged account. But it does show that some malware authors see enough potential in Firefox to write special malware for it. The use of a DLL does make the malware specific to Windows, although it may be possible to write versions for other platforms as well.
Like DNSChanger it intercepts certain operations, like search requests, and redirects them through a Ukrainian host previously used by DNSChanger.
A second piece of Firefox adware came bundled with the installer for a 3rd party Firefox plugin called PlayMP3z. The terms of service agreement that everyone just clicks through explicitly permits the software. It's called Foxicle and it generates popup and popunder ads. Once again this isn't Firefox's fault; you chose to install it, you got what you asked for.
Success for the early entries in the Firefox malware market could set a signal for other IE-only players that it's time to go cross-platform.
Originally posted on the PCMag.com security blog, Security Watch.


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Published at Friday, May 10th, 2019 - 19:59:24 PM. Furniture. By Georgitte Jouan.
Memory foam mattresses are a good way to get your body shape and feel comfortable. You can get a memory foam mattress topper that is a good addition to your bed. In addition, you can purchase a bed topper that is designed to be a good memory foam mattress. The memory foam topper is a good idea for the comfort of your home. A great way to prevent a person from getting back to bed is to take a nap. This is a great way to get rid of the stress and get relief from the pain. The first step is to take a good look at the pain. The mattress is a great way to get the body to sleep properly. It is important to know that the best mattress is the right size for your body. In addition, the mattress should be firm enough to be able to support your body. A great way to get your back is to take a look at the bed. The first thing you should do is to get a mattress that is comfortable and firm. The compelling factor is the amount of weight you have. The important factor to consider when buying a mattress is to determine the number of points you will be able to purchase. The mattress should be evenly positioned to prevent the body from escaping. A good way to get the right sleep is to get a mattress topper. At the same time, a good way to get a mattress topper is to buy a bed that is full of foam and latex. The foam mattress is a good choice for the person who wants to stay in the bed. The tempurpedic pillow is a great gift for anyone who wants to sleep on a regular basis.
Hard Vs Soft Mattress. Mattresses come in a wide range of solidity. From the ultra soft to the extremely hard, it is more a matter of preference than necessity. However, there are some basic truths that hold for the majority of us. Very soft cloud-like mattresses can wreak havoc on bad backs. This is because there is very little support in a soft mattress. While hard mattresses might be better for a bad back, very hard mattresses can cause just as much trouble. It all boils down to what works best for each individual.
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Management Taps Successful Company Veteran Nacho Abia of Europe
CENTER VALLEY, Pa., Monday, May 2, 2011 -- Olympus, a precision technology leader whose global business lines include creating innovative digital cameras and audio products, has appointed Nacho Abia as president of Olympus Imaging America Inc., effective April 1. In this role, he is responsible for leading and expanding all business activities related to the performance of the company's award-winning consumer electronics product line, including digital cameras, professional and consumer interchangeable lens imaging systems as well as related underwater products and accessories, digital and microcassette recorders, digital media and binoculars in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America.
Abia reports directly to Shuichi Takayama, president of Olympus Imaging Corporation in Japan. Abia brings more than 11 years of success creating and managing new businesses and product lines for Olympus Europe.
Mark Gumz, president and CEO, Olympus Corporation of the Americas said, "Nacho has demonstrated leadership and outstanding performance within the European region and has a unique understanding of Olympus' global business strategies. His connection to our company's culture and his natural leadership skills made him a strong and obvious choice for this significant leadership position."
Abia's prior experience positions him well to successfully lead in his new role. Abia began his career with Olympus in 2001 as the managing director and CEO of Olympus España with responsibility for all Olympus businesses in Spain and Portugal. One of his most significant achievements was the successful integration of Olympus Spain and Olympus Portugal. He was promoted to managing director of the Consumer Products Division for Olympus Europa Holdings in 2008. Prior to joining Olympus, Abia was the South European marketing manager at Sony Europe's Digital Imaging Division.
"I am honored by this appointment. Through this expanded role, and together with the leadership team and Olympus employees, I look forward to contributing to the success of the company by building on its core strengths to develop innovative products for consumers," said Abia.
A graduate of the Universidad Politecnica de Cataluyna (Barcelona, Spain) with a Masters Degree in Telecommunications Engineering, Abia also holds a Masters in Business Administration from Barcelona Business Administration School. In addition to his corporate position, he also serves as a board member for Olympus Imaging Corporation of Japan and is chairman of the board for Olympus España S.A.
Mark Gumz, president and CEO of Olympus Corporation of the Americas, who previously oversaw Olympus Imaging America Inc., will take on additional responsibilities as executive managing officer of Olympus Corporation, Tokyo and as a member of the Global Management Office representing the Americas.
ABOUT OLYMPUS IMAGING AMERICA INC. Olympus Imaging America Inc. is a precision technology leader, designing and delivering award-winning products for consumer and professional markets.
Olympus Imaging America Inc. works collaboratively with its customers and its ultimate parent company, Olympus Corporation, to develop breakthrough technologies with revolutionary product design and functionality that enhances people's lives every day. These include:
Digital Cameras
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Related Underwater Products and Accessories
Digital and Microcassette Recorders
Digital Media
Olympus Imaging America Inc. is responsible for sales in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. For more information, visit: www.olympusamerica.com.


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I am currently 4 months into an internship, and when reviewing my code, my boss didn't like that I had kept a specific object local to a number of methods across a few separate classes within one assembly. He didn't like that I was created a new object each time, and instead told me to create a single object that can be accessed from anywhere. I have therefore had to create it as a static object within a static class, and simply reference it from here I want to use it!
How would you deal with this, as I have only been programming professionally for 4 months!


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This month, the University of Wyoming will host a field course where students will explore the geographic, historical and religious significance of Heart Mountain in northern Wyoming.
Two educators will split the teaching of the course, one focusing on history, and the other on religion. The latter, Mary Keller, is a historian of religions and a lecturer at U-W. She spoke with Wyoming Public Radio's Rebecca Martinez from the Big Horn Radio Network in Cody about what makes Heart Mountain so special.