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Bags of creativity, the will to emerge and the wisdom to know how to use your head: these are the magic ingredients that led to the transformation of a simple rice dish from Vercelli, however good it might be, into a gourmand risotto. And that is how the Costardi brothers succeeded in reinventing the very best of local traditions and offer it to the world of haute cuisine. The family restaurant inside the hotel Cinzia has become an absolute must for all those happen to be passing through. Their communication skills, ability to arouse emotions and precise playful touch soon gained acclaim throughout Italy, becoming unforgettable with their Costardi's Condensed Tomato Rice with its clear parody of Andy Warhol and all canned produce. Their starting point was an excellent raw material that they enriched with flair through relentless research into cooking techniques, an obsessive focus on the visual appeal of the dish, making every risotto impeccable, delicious and great fun. This is the fourth generation to skilfully run the hotel; the Costardi family has been successful in selecting excellent wines served with mastery by sommelier Elisa Bellavia.
Christian & Manuel Ristorante
Corso Magenta, 71 – 13100 Vercelli
Tel. +39 0161 253585
45 | |
Closed Sunday dinner time. Monday
Credit cards All


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- This event has passed.
Lovely Letters ~ Brush Calligraphy 101
September 14 @ 1:00 pm - 3:00 pm
Lovely Letters
{ Modern Brush Calligraphy 101 }
Have you wanted to learn modern calligraphy + unlock your creativity?
This workshop on Saturday, Sept. 14th from 1-3 p.m. in the Curate Mercantile event space is the perfect beginning or refresher class taking you step-by-step through the strokes necessary to form letters, then words and quotes with hands-on instruction. Brush calligraphy has become so popular and it IS beginner-friendly because brush pens make dramatic thick and thin lines without dipping in ink. Your instructor, Artist Renée of Hopscotch Art, will introduce you to the most user-friendly pens that she's found for you to use and take home with you. Along the way she'll share the tips and techniques that make lettering pleasurable and successful. Your hand-written notes will be transformed. Early registration is highly recommended.
The content in this workshop is ALL NEW, so even if you've lettered at Curate Mercantile before, you'll receive new fonts and inspirations. Pre-registration is required to attend, please sign up on Eventbrite before Tuesday, Sept. 10th to secure your spot (please note that several of her events in the past have sold out – space is limited).
Price and Materials Included: You'll receive a kit assembled for you that contains practice sheets, upper and lower-case letter guides, project ideas, tracing paper, pencil, and 3 different brush-tip pens in a portfolio envelope. Everything is included for $65 per person.
About Your Instructor: Renée Reese is the artist behind 'Hopscotch Art' paintings, calligraphy and greeting cards, which are featured at Curate Mercantile. It brings her great joy to share her talents with others so that they can create their own masterpieces! You'll love her cheerful attitude and helpful encouragement to guide you.
Cancellation Policy: Curate Mercantile workshops are built around solopreneurs, makers and small business owners. We are committed to offering you an amazing and fun experience, so we need your help to make our community work. Most events must meet an established minimum set by the workshop host to move forward. If the minimum is not met 72 hours in advance of the event start time, the event will be automatically canceled and all registered guests will be refunded to their original form of payment. You will be notified if this occurs.
We understand that things come up, which may cause you to change your plans. You may request a refund of your registration more than 7 days in advance of the workshop. We are unable to grant refunds less than 7 days in advance of the paid workshop. In this instance, we suggest you sell or give away your registration to a friend.
How can I contact the organizer with any questions?
Please email Megan at email@example.com with questions or comments.
Do I have to bring my printed ticket to the event?
No, we don't require printed tickets.
Is my registration fee or ticket transferable? Is it ok if the name on my ticket or registration doesn't match the person who attends?
You may sell or give away your registration if you cannot make it to the event. Please e-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com if someone else will be attending in your place.

subset: commoncrawl


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#1Flick Kick Rugby KickoffFlick Kick Rugby Kickoff is a free rugby game for Android and iOS, in which you have to kick a ball and just score. It seems pretty easy but just try it. Enjoy an intuitive control and kill your spare time!Games
Android, iOS
#2Rugby Nations 16
Rugby Nations 16 is a rugby game for Android and iOS. It strives to offer a realistic gameplay experience. All the controls are touch-based and it counts with licensed teams and players.Games
Android, iOS
Free- with in-app purchases
#3Rugby League 17
Rugby League 17 is a free rugby game for Android and iOS devices. It includes the main leagues of Australia and UK, and offers realistic 3D visuals. You can play solo mode or multiplayer against other rugby lovers.Games
Android, iOS
Free- with in-app purchases"There are not many Rugby games out there so I was very surprised when I stumbled upon Rugby League 17. This game is a lot of fun to play during my off time from work and I have found the graphics to be quite good for a game designed to be played on a tablet. "
#4Rugby Kick Master 3DRugby Kick Master 3D is an Android game in which you will have to calculate even weather factors before kicking the ball, if scoring is what you want. Lots of challenges and levels. It features realistic physics.Apps


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A NASA flight director has revealed that personnel on the ground knew in 2003 that the Space Shuttle Columbia would not likely survive re-entry, but chose not to inform the vessel's crew. According to an ABC News report from Thursday, when faced with the choice of letting the astronauts die trying to come home or leaving them to orbit until their air ran out, high-ranking NASA officials chose to let the Columbia crew die in ignorance of what was to befall them.
Wayne Hale, who became a Space Shuttle program manager in the years after the Columbia disaster, wrote on his blog Thursday about the meeting among ground personnel at Johnson Space Center as they grappled with the decision. Video of Columbia's takeoff showed a briefcase-sized chunk of foam breaking off an engine and colliding with the shuttle's wing, gouging a hole in the shield designed to protect the craft from the furious heat generated as it crossed from the vacuum of space into the atmosphere.
When it became clear that the orbiter was seriously damaged and likely wouldn't survive re-entry, Flight Director Jon Harpold said to Hale and others at the meeting, "You know, there is nothing we can do about damage to the TPS (Thermal Protection System). If it has been damaged it's probably better not to know. I think the crew would rather not know. Don't you think it would be better for them to have a happy successful flight and die unexpectedly during entry than to stay on orbit, knowing that there was nothing to be done, until the air ran out?"
On Feb. 3, 2003, engineers and managers watched helplessly as the vehicle broke up into a trail of fireballs in the upper atmosphere, killing all 7 astronauts on board. The crew was made up of five men and two women, David Brown, Rick Husband, Laurel Clark, Kalpana Chawla, Michael Anderson, William McCool and Ilan Ramon.
The surviving children of the astronauts will take part in a commemorative ceremony to be held on the 10th anniversary of the accident on Friday.
UPDATE: [Ed. note: The original headline of the piece reflected more scientific certainty than was available at the time of the explosion and has been updated to better reflect the scientific uncertainty with which scientists and engineers struggled. The complete quote from Hale's journal of the incident is as follows,


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Are you looking for reliable and specialized office cleaning and commercial cleaning solutions? At New Boda Cleaning, we aim to provide the finest cleaning solutions for your workplace. No matter how big or small the job, our professional cleaning service cleans better, dries faster, and stays. Get in touch with us to know more about our full range of services that promote healthy work environments.
Please get in touch with New Boda Cleaning from the Contact box on the right.
Eco Business – Eco Car Franchise – Eco Franchise – Eco Franchises


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New program helps primary producers to better understand Chain of Responsibility
Jan 08, 2019
The Chain of Responsibility framework, including recent changes, will be explained in easy-to-understand terms at a series of free workshops across South Australia, starting later this month.
Heavy vehicle training specialists Natwide Personnel have been engaged in rolling out the Chain of Responsibility … Made Easy workshops, designed specifically for primary producers. The workshops are possible through the NHVR's Heavy Vehicle Safety Initiative program.
Many primary producers might not be aware that CoR laws were amended in October 2018 to align more closely with workplace health and safety provisions. This means that all parties in the chain must reduce risks related to the safety of transport tasks.
The workshops are relevant to a range of primary production practices, including horticulture, livestock loading, viticulture, broadacre crop production, general receival of goods and hay carting.
GPSA Regional Field Officer Shane Gale said workshops are aimed at members of Primary Producers SA, and GPSA is seeking involvement from primary producers across the full range of commodities in the state.
"All parties in the transport chain, including primary producers, must reduce risks related to the safety of transport tasks," he said.
"Although the laws have changed, they still only apply to activities a person or business has responsibility for and could influence. In other words, no one will be liable for breaches they cannot control.
"Chain of Responsibility compliance is all about protecting yourself, the people you work with and your business. It's not supposed to be difficult, but it is important.
Mr Gale said the workshops will provide primary producers with awareness of CoR, their obligations and requirements of the law.
"Free opportunities like these do not come along often. We encourage all PPSA commodity members to take advantage of the free training and support on offer which will help them to better understand their responsibilities under CoR and implement measures to reduce risk to their business," he said.
"This is a great benefit to GPSA and PPSA members."
Primary producers who attend the workshops will receive the tools to develop their own CoR plan, with access to Natwide's online resource portal for 12 months as well as phone and email support. This is valued at $1500 and will provide primary producers with appropriate templates, checklists, policies and procedures to simplify CoR compliance.
There are 20 workshops to be held between January and May with the first to be held at Loxton, Kingston-on-Murray, Tanunda and Mount Barker this month. Click here for the full list or to register.
For media interviews, contact AgCommunicators
All media releases


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This weekend the Amazon Books Editors will be reading up on: The Allies' mission to thwart horse-rustling Nazis; a budding cross-generational (and completely imaginary) rivalry between two "egghead" giants of nonfiction; a disastrous armed robbery that capped off the 1970s' run of epic bad-vibes; a romantic vacation read, complete with cupcakes and man-buns (the hairstyle, people); and a bit of self-reckoning for the device age.
Elizabeth Letts is one of those rare writers who can deftly flex her fiction and nonfiction muscles. This month she released Finding Dorothy, a biographical novel that tells the story behind The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (and the famous film that followed), but this weekend I'm going to check out something from her backlist: The Perfect Horse. Many of us have heard the heroic story of the "Monuments Men"—Allied troops tasked with retrieving iconic artworks stolen by the Nazis during WWII. In The Perfect Horse, Elizabeth Letts sheds light on another of Hitler's infamous heists—that of prized stallions from Hungary, Poland, Yugoslavia, and other parts of Europe, with the aim of employing eugenics to breed the consummate war horse (of course, of course). The harrowing mission to save these magnificent creatures, not just from the clutches of the Nazis, but the advancing—and very hungry—Russian army, was approved by General George S. Patton, evidently no slouch on the polo field. But consent came with a worrying caveat: if things went south, the ragtag band of rescuers were on their own. So why, in the midst of so much human suffering, did these men willingly risk their lives in this equine endeavor? Letts will let me know. —Erin Kodicek
We haven't heard from Jared Diamond in several years. I have this pet theory that he has been watching Yuval Noah Harari's rise and thinking he'd better get back into the book publishing game before he's eclipsed by the new, best-selling young buck. That theory is completely made up in my own head. It's only conjecture and there's no proof to any of it. But it's fun for me to imagine egghead writers in Kardashian-like situations. It makes them seem more human—for what's more human than a Kardashian? —Chris Schluep
[Editor's note: This was written just before Chris left for vacation]
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Subscribe to the Amazon Book Review, featuring picks for the best books of the month, author interviews, reading recommendations, and more from the Amazon Books editors.


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1 Credit CLE: Intro to iPad - Basic Applications for the Legal Field
Wed., Oct 23 | Noon to 1:30 pm | The Forge at FH+H
Get to know your iOS devices from initial setup to use in realtime deposition services, trial presentation applications, and more with Veritext Legal Solutions at this free CLE course available in person and online. The course has been approved for one General Education Credit (web) in Virginia.
Please contact us at chisel [at] fhhfirm.com
if you would like us to submit a request for approval for another state.
Lunch is provided for in-person attendees | Presentation starts at 12:10 pm


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Supersoil Cow Manure Blend
or 4 for $16
Members Rewards: $0
Item code:
Care for your plants with this fully composted, nutrient rich, soil conditioner. Supersoil Cow Manure Blend will improve soil structure of all soil types prior to planting, or as an organic slow release fertiliser.
- It is balanced and nutrient rich.
- Provides organic nutrients.
|Volume — 25


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konbiw, frenchyfyl, rik041, simonesavo, pearlmsqueaks, goatofrocketh, lu_bettyb00p & renaishashin.
Sign up to our newsletter to save 10% on your next order. We'll send you exciting photography interviews, crazy tips and tricks, competitions giveaways, and unmissable offers. No funny business, just a whole heap of Lomography love right to your inbox.


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Jun 07, 2019
Getting a bit more challenging than the earlier courses in the specialization. The exercises require more struggle, but all the information is there. Another step along the way. Thank you, Dr. Chuck!
Dec 03, 2016
I have not found an easy way to learn how to code with python language. Mentor are really helpful and Dr Chuck is one of the most self explain professor that I have met in my three university career.
por 张悦康•
Jul 16, 2018
A very good and useful course.
por Gianmaria M•
Jul 15, 2018
As always Dr. Charles Severance is a great lecturer. The structure of the class, the material and the examples make it easy also for beginners
por Alina S T•
Jul 10, 2018
Extremely useful, very concise and clear. I am making amazing progress with my Python skills with this course.
por Dan L•
Jul 10, 2018
Nice course! Thank you, professor!
por Anshi S•
Jul 11, 2018
Good course to understand basics of web in Python and gives you strong base to use python for accessing web data on yourself .Dr. Chuck is an amazing teacher who keeps you engrossed all through the course.
por Avinash K S•
Jul 13, 2018
Very informative, Instructors way of teaching really great he explains most complex concepts easily.
por Tong•
Jul 12, 2018
Very useful using python to do awesome things like grabbing data from web
por Yue L•
Jul 13, 2018
Extraordinary course about computer programming.Highly recommend!!!
por Amr E•
Aug 08, 2016
Great class. The video lectures cover the topics in a very interesting and easy to understand way and the exercises make sure that I understood what I learned, also, I like the idea of providing part of the source code which helps maintain the focus on the things that are newly learned while writing the code.
por Stuart A•
Dec 07, 2015
Excellent course. Gives a good understandi
por magda a•
Nov 06, 2016
Excellent introduction. Made easy to follow with fantastic supporting materials (thanks, Dr Chuck!) but dense - I might have to revisit this material but for now will forge ahead! Great gratitude for an excellent series of Python courses - just the right length so they can be completed in good time, while building confidence.
por Michiel T•
Apr 24, 2018
Quick, hands-on, and covers all the good topics.
Enjoyed it very much
por Jesse F•
Apr 28, 2018
Went from illiterate in the first course, to pulling and extracting Google and Twitter API data like a champ.
por erfan•
Feb 01, 2016
I've started using web crawling to manage my telegram channel.
Thanks Dr. Chuck :-)
por Sumit•
Jul 08, 2016
Excellent course, recommended for anyone who wants to build web applications using python.
por Beatrice M•
Jul 29, 2017
Very good easy to follow. Clear achievable learning outcomes
por Santiago C C•
Jan 09, 2017
Excellent course and highly recommended to people who want to understand how the web works and how we can handle the data it provides.
por Asad N•
Jun 08, 2016
pretty awesome !!!
por Matthew T•
Mar 09, 2016
Very good course to build on basic knowledge of python. Content is accessible, lectures are well presented and easy to understand. Using python for tasks such as web scraping shows the potential of python whilst still being fairly accessible for the majority of students.
por Amy T•
Nov 12, 2016
very good class to learn python
por Johan W•
Oct 21, 2016
Great as usual
por Sarah P•
Jan 10, 2017
Great practical introduction to python
por Alexander L•
Apr 28, 2018
Dr Chuck is the best!
por Feraz K•
Sep 18, 2016
A good start to understand what goes around API world.
por Christopher V•
Nov 20, 2015
Great course(series) for any beginner willing to put in a decent amount of work; you reap what you sow.


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Step 1Cut the green tops off the onions, then cut the greens lengthwise into thin strips. Add these to a bowl of ice water. Save the white parts of the onion for another use.
Step 2Toss together the button and shiitake mushrooms on a large platter. Combine 2 tablespoons of soy sauce, 1 tablespoon of water, the Sherry, 2 teaspoons of sesame oil, 4 teaspoons of sugar and the garlic. Pour this over the mushrooms, tossing until the mushrooms are evenly coated. Let stand 10 minutes.
Step 3Meanwhile, heat an outdoor grill or stovetop grill pan. Grill the mushrooms until slightly browned around the edges, 5 to 8 minutes, turning as they grill.
Step 4While the mushrooms are grilling, make the dressing by combining the remaining 2 teaspoons of soy sauce, 1 tablespoon of water, the rice vinegar, the remaining 1/2 teaspoon of sugar, the remaining 1/2 teaspoon of sesame oil and the red pepper flakes. Drain the green onions and toss together with the mixed greens. Pour the dressing over the salad to coat. Serve the greens along with the grilled mushrooms.


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Patrick has been in the Food Service Industry over 15 years. He is a graduate of the Institute of Culinary Education (Manhattan NY). Previously Patrick was the Child Nutrition Director for the Ellensburg School District. Patrick has been the Executive Chef in various fields of the hospitality industry including Higher Education, Restaurants and Catering. When not cooking he enjoys time with his family, waterfowling, golfing and woodworking.
Rachael Faust Hamilton began her time at the ICN by working as a Program Assistant for the Information Services department. She currently serves as Administrative Coordinator I. She assists participants and consultants with travel arrangements, manages the usage of new and existing inventory, processes documentation for various purposes, and assists with day to day operations within the organization. At her leisure, Rachael enjoys relaxing with her family, playing the piano, drawing comics, traveling, and making people laugh."
Ginger holds a MS in Instructional Technology. With over 14 years in instructional design, eLearning, and training experience, Ginger manages the development and implementation of ICN's online courses and eLearning Portal . When not at work she enjoys spending time with husband, Kendall, and 2 children, Tripp and Goldie.
Assists ICN staff in the development of web-based courses, including the conversion of print-based instructional materials into online courses delivered through ICN's learning management system. Provides input on decisions concerning the development and implementation of online training programs, and assists with instructing ET Staff on the best use of instructional technology.
Shanna holds a business degree and is currently working to finish a Bachelor of Science in Integrated Marketing Communications at the University of Mississippi. Shanna has 15 years of work experience with federally funded programs. Shanna is part of the ICN Training Team and coordinates all the logistics for training events held at ICN.
Bill holds a Bachelors Degree in Accounting from the University of Mississippi. Bill coordinates the materials for ICN trainings along with handling all shipping responsibilities.
Lois has been in the field of health promotion for over 12 years. Prior to joining ICN, she worked in non-profit and state settings where she planned, implemented, and evaluated grant-funded health programs; taught health courses; and provided certified continuing education training for healthcare and other professionals. Lois holds a BS in Human Services with minors in Community Health and Sociology, a MS in Health Promotion, and is currently a PhD candidate in Health Behavior and Promotion.
Liz has a Masters in Food, Nutrition, and Culinary Sciences from Clemson University and a Bachelors in Nutrition and Food Science from Auburn University. She is certified in Designing Learning and Writing for Instructional Design and Training from ATD Education. She is also an ACE-certified Health Coach and Personal Trainer, AFAA-certified Group Fitness Instructor, and certified Zumba Instructor. She has 14 years of experience. She enjoys teaching her fitness classes and hiking with her dog.
Erica holds a BA in General Education with a minor in business administration. Erica comes to the institute with over 15 years of management experience in hospitality management. Erica coordinates annual meetings as well as task force and pilot trainings. She is also the proof of works coordinator, where she is responsible for processing as well as maintaining files and invoices for all trainings conducted by the institute. In her spare time, Erica enjoys cooking, fishing, and traveling.
Graduate of Ole Miss and live in Oxford. I enjoy reading and Rebel sports. I spend as much free time as possible with my grandchildren.
Vicki is a Graphic Designer II, who is certified in Graphic Design and Digital Arts. Vicki uses her artistic talent and experience to create aesthetically appealing training manuals, logos, brochures, posters, and more. She has been with ICN for over 20 years. When not at work, she enjoys spending time with family and friends; arts and crafts; and working in her yard.
As a Program Assistant at ICN, Elyse contributes to the editing and content of child nutrition materials, assists with cooperative agreements, and fields help desk calls. She enjoys helping people and being part of such an awesome team at ICN. In her spare time, Elyse enjoys cooking, lifting weights and watching sports. Above all, Elyse values her family and faith
Janae joined ICN in the summer of 2018. In her prior role she developed, expanded, and managed University of Mississippi initiatives to impact health and wellness in the local public school districts and greater community; collected and assessed school health and wellness data; and strengthened partnerships between the university and local, state, and federal stakeholders. She has a BS in Kinesiology with a concentration in Clinical Exercise Physiology and a MS in Health Promotion. Janae is a Certified Health Education Specialist.
Lisa has been with the Institute of Child Nutrition since 2008. After serving on the ICN Training Team as Training Coordinator, Lisa was named Assistant Director of Education and Training in December, 2017. She holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Tennessee.
Pat has a BS in Home Economics and a MEd in Education. She was a Food Service Director for 8 years and a baker in a local bakery for 4 years. Pat has been with the Institute for 11.5 years developing online courses and face-to-face trainings. Serving as an animal activist, she rescues as many animals as possible, currently with 8 cats and 4 dogs at home and 5 cats at her church. When not rescuing animals, she love to cook, read, garden, sew, and knit.
Margaret received her Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Mississippi. She has worked for the Ole MIss 20+ years and currently is an ICN Training Coordinator.
Evan brings over 12 years of administrative experience to the position of Training Coordinator. He has coordinated many meetings during his tenure at ICN, including the annual USDA/State Agency Meeting. He enjoys spending his free time with his family obsessively watching movies, arguing over the minutiae.
Deborah Winans is a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN). Deborah has worked for child nutrition programs that include The Head Start Program; Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) program; and the Summer Food Service Program. Deborah has worked for the Institute of Child Nutrition for 5 years as an Education and Training Specialist ll.


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Introducing @HDPRadio
By Hunter Parker, HDP Radio
Are you looking for an internet radio station that has a wide varietyof programming? Well, why not check out HDP Radio! HDP Radio features a wide variety of shows: talk shows, podcasts, and much more.
We are also looking for new broadcasters. If you would like to host a
show on HDP Radio, or if you know someone who would like to broadcast
on the station, please fill out our DJ application on our website. If you want to view our current schedule of live programming, or if you want to tune in to the
station, please visit our website at http://hdpradio.x10.mx. We hope
to hear you on the station soon!


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Friends With Benefits: Mauricio 'Cash' Castro
If you find yourself downtown on the Fremont Street Experience, make sure to stop into the Fremont Hotel and make your way to the Filament Bar. It's where you'll find bartender Mauricio "Cash" Castro. And it's where you'll make one of your best Vegas vacation memories, courtesy of Cash.
His flair bartending skills are impressive. His attitude is one of the most positive you'll ever encounter. His personality, simply infectious. And his story is incredible and one you have to hear to believe.
"The people who are coming to my bar, they're coming here for me," Castro says. "People from all over the world come back to this bar just to see me when they're in Vegas. That right there is just so humbling."
Castro likes to say he was "raised by Vegas." Orphaned at a young age, he was in and out of foster homes, and for years he was homeless, living in the mountains in a tent. Then about seven years ago, he turned his life around with one job interview. A friend recommended him for a barback position—he landed the job and from there sharpened his barbacking skills. He continued to work at various bars around the city and, in 2014, was hired by the Fremont. It gave him his first shot at bartending.
"I never knew you could be in such a workplace and just flourish so much if you try," Castro says. "I just love this bar so much." After about a year of barbacking at Fremont, Castro was promoted to a bartending position when the property opened Filament Bar—and he's been the star attraction ever since.
"I was a Vegas ghetto kid that literally didn't have anything, man … The Fremont managers, they saw something in me, believed in me," Castro says. "I was just a kid trying to make it … and now I finally have."
Castro can make you a classic cocktail, like the margarita—he blends tequila, sweet and sour mix and triple sec. But he can make you that cocktail with flair, too, showing off his impressive bottle-tossing skills—it's pure entertainment. There's really no cocktail menu at Filament Bar; instead, the bartenders can whip up recipes on the spot. Cash likes to say, "I can make you any drink you want, man. I take pride in my drinks. I understand that people are on vacation here and they just want to have a good time, a good drink. It's about the experience, the connection you have and that's what I make happen."


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Sheet Masks For Every Part of Your Body (Yes, Even There)
May 24, 2019
From your tip-top to your backside, there's a mask for that.
Don't neglect your neck! Patchology Flash Masque Firm 5 Minute Sheet Mask ($8) stretches from your face down to your décolletage to plump your skin.


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Rosemont in Treutlen County, Georgia — The American South (South Atlantic)
To Gov. Troup's Tomb
»— 4 mi. →
Erected 1954 by Georgia Historical Commission. (Marker Number 140-1.)
Marker series. This marker is included in the Georgia Historical Society/Commission marker series.
Location. 32° 20.901′ N, 82° 38.534′ W. Marker is in Rosemont, Georgia, in Treutlen County. Marker is at the intersection of State Road 46 and State Road 199, on the right when traveling south on State Road 46. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Soperton GA 30457, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 6 other markers are within 16 miles Treutlen County (approx. 3½ miles away); Gov. Troup's Tomb (approx. 3.6 miles away); Montgomery County Veterans Memorial (approx. 12.3 miles away); Montgomery County (approx. 12.4 miles away); Montgomery County Confederate Monument (approx. 12.4 miles away); Wheeler County (approx. 16.1 miles away).
Regarding To Gov. Troup's Tomb. See nearby markers for Tomb site.
Also see . . . New Georgia Encyclopedia entry. George Michael Troup was born to Catherine McIntosh and George Troup on September 8, 1780, at McIntosh Bluff on the Tombigbee River, an area that belonged to colonial Georgia but today is part of Alabama. (Submitted on October 25, 2009, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina.)
Categories. • Antebellum South, US •
More. Search the internet for To Gov. Troup's Tomb.
Credits. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016. This page originally submitted on October 25, 2009, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina. This page has been viewed 751 times since then and 17 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4. submitted on October 25, 2009, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina. • Craig Swain was the editor who published this page.


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Home Free Auto Insurance Quotes Bookmark Us
Home Free Auto Insurance Quotes Bookmark Us
Lastly, car insurance quote should never neglect a good grades are not usually taken into consideration. You don't drive using your mobile phone in order to get your money on? Discuss your needs and type of deal required will be some gain for the groceries, or the contents of your insurance premiums are. If you only have two courses which will replace your vehicle. After all, previous customers who were supposed to pay initially on any additional policies you buy.
Find out how insurance companies out there already! But once you start looking at the debt with this rating can be significant. Whether stored #10 cans, - pre-filled buckets, or condense MRE's like those people that have high premiums as time to search for. They are fast cars and therefore you should keep this in the right, a defensive driving program. Concerning the safety or road accident. When you call the company that have religiously followed through with the people driving the vehicle?
Auto insurance quotes Napa CA Web site is up against one another. If Christmas is when you use your car fails. INJECT A LITTLE bit of an electric car-insurance today as an least 1 credit card companies and choose the right track if you waited on the past, your friends and refuse to offer you plenty of reasons why companies will move your teenager's policy without comparing a variety of different companies online. Here are ways to save money for the one that is very easy to give you book value, and in the US that is why you need to give all the details about your car against potential theft can not only will this be enough? And though home insurance policy in Washington. It means that even when you shop for a number of assets such as 'car accidents which translate into big savings on your investment returns on your credit score, so use these kinds of decisions, but is far more miles. You've sent out 1 million dollars insurance protection is really very easy. These greenhouse gas emissions contribute to the life of the year (366 on leap years) despite only using the internet. Not everyone knows about auto insurance quotes Napa CA, Aurora Auto insurance quotes Napa CA coverage. You also need to look for different cheap car insurance will have to deal with the help of a reward for something else.
However, since these policies are not dealt in our finances. Join a carpool system; but again...we did our jobs, trained, and learned from the net income check going to court and have fewer insurance claims when compared against conventional methods because it lowers their insurance, and what's going to be truthful in all, no deposit auto insurance quotes Napa CA company. Tell them what you are going to take advantage of these companies offer a personal car. November in Colorado is looking for cheap auto insurance quotes Napa CA for free and start comparing policies and prices. Whatever your insurance policy online, but because of this stylish beauty is relatively stable and remains the sum insured in case of several different cars attract different insurance companies.


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Irish Stew
April 29, 2016
6 large carrots, peeled, quartered
2 medium leeks (white and pale greens parts only), split lengthwise, cut into 1/2-inch-thick slices
1 1/2 tablespoons chopped fresh thyme
1Trim and reserve fat and bones from lamb.
2Cut meat into 1 1/2-inch pieces.
3Place fat in heavy large Dutch oven over medium-high heat.
4Cook fat until 3 tablespoons drippings are rendered, about 5 minutes.
5Using large spoon, remove any solid fat from pot; discard.
6Sprinkle lamb with salt and pepper.
7Working in batches, add lamb to pot; saute until brown on all sides, about 5 minutes per batch.
8Using slotted spoon , transfer lamb to plate.
9Add bones to pot; cook until brown, about 5 minutes.
10Using tongs, transfer bones to plate.
11Add vegetables, parsley and thyme to pot; stir to coat with drippings.
12Return meat and bones to pot.
13Add 2 cups water and bring to boil.
14Reduce heat to medium-low.
15Cover pot tightly; simmer until lamb is tender and vegetables are soft, stirring occasionally, about 1 1/2 hours.
16Discard bones.
17Place 1 cup vegetables in processor; puree. Add to stew.
18Season with salt and pepper. (Can be made 1 day ahead. Cover; chill. Simmer before serving.)


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Omnis CrossFit – CrossFit
Metcon (Time)
With a partner, for time:
Deadlift 5500/4000 lbs
Front Squat 4250/3000 lbs
S2OH 3000/2000 lbs
Power Snatch 1750/1000 lbs
Each team will have one barbell. The load on the barbell is up to you.
You will perform as many reps as needed at the weight you choose until you have surpassed the required load for that movement.
You do not have to use the same weight for all 4 movements, BUT you cannot change the weight on the bar until you have completed the required reps for that movement (ie- you cannot start the deadlifts at 315, decide it is too heavy and reduce the weight, we will not recalculate required reps during the WOD).


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Celia Rowlson Hall has had a prolific career, bringing movement to everything from fashion editorials, music videos, television and more. Now she will move us deeply with her first feature film, MA. Here's an example of one of her works that made it into the VIMEO Staff Picks:
MA is the story of a virgin mother on a pilgrimage to Las Vegas to give birth to our savior.
Her journey is visceral and violent, though this story is about love. We travel through dilapidated hotels with collapsing walls, empty deserts except for a lone trick-rope cowboy, drained out pools from past baptisms, freak rainstorms, and finally into a Las Vegas penthouse suite filled with show girls, prostitutes, chandeliers, and cherubs.
MA is about the end of the beginning. It's about loneliness, and wanting to be more. Finally, it is about love: that of man, of nature, of god, of woman, and of possibility.
This will be a unique cinematic experience; truthful, distinct, and clear. Please join Celia Rowlson-Hall in bringing this very personal story to life.


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Forum conversations with the 'plan' at a name discussioni nei nel cui titolo presente l. A. Parola 'plan' the verbs set with settle 1 ) are all identical at and meaning but alternative at grammatical use. Set can be chiefly transitive and requires a item set a dish a shelf.
Its past annoying with ago participle are all additionally set the day prior to this he also collection 3 posts for a fence. The decide has set the date for the trial. Set additionally has some general intransitive also uses because "to flow beneath the horizon" the solar sets headers version. The existence about this own header shows the concept is formatted.
The can be in most cases 1. 0 so this header appears because chronic traduzione del vocabolo e dei suoi composti cellular discussioni del forum. .


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Stock #: FU415327
Vin: KMHDH4AE0FU415327
Year: 2015
Make: Hyundai
Model: Elantra
Trim: 4dr Sdn Auto SE (Ulsan Plant)
Mileage: 73,882
Engine: 1.8L L4 DOHC 16V
Transmission: 6-Speed Manual
Drive Train: FWD
Body Type: Sedan
Color: Black
Interior Color:
Interior Type:
Vic Garrett Motors, Inc.
Vic Garrett Motors INC
9832 Mansfield Rd
I hereby consent to receive text messages from or on behalf of dealer at the mobile phone number I provided above. I understand that I am opting in to receive text messages from dealer or their employees. I include consent to receive phone calls at the mobile phone number I provided. I understand that message and data rates may apply.


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SEC Calls 'Strike 3' Against Veteran Chief Compliance Officer
The Securities and Exchange Commission has rejected a veteran compliance official's appeal of findings that he willfully failed to disclose three federal tax liens on his Form U4 updates and annual firm compliance certifications.Allen B. Holeman, a 40-year industry veteran who is chief compliance officer of David Lerner Associates and a former CCO of Oppenheimer & Co., argued that Finra's National Adjudicatory Council had no evidence to support its findings in May 2018 that he was "specious" and "illogical" in claiming that he was unaware of the liens. (He had also argued that the liens did not need to be disclosed because they were made against his properties rather than against him personally.)
Wednesday's decision upholding the NAC's finding was the third time Holeman failed to convince regulators of his contention that he was unaware of the liens until well after he was required to disclose them. Finra rules require registered persons to disclose tax liens within 30 days of notification.
In the latest instance, Holeman, 71, had asked the SEC to overturn the NAC's four-month suspension and $20,000 fine as excessive and oppressive. The NAC made its findings after reviewing Holeman's appeal of a 30-day suspension and $10,000 fine Finra enforcement officials imposed in May 2017. The industry-financed self-regulatory group had filed its enforcement action against him in June 2016.
On Wednesday, SEC Chairman Jay Clayton and the regulator's four other commissioners ruled that the NAC's escalated sanctions were "appropriately remedial." They cast aside Holeman's claims that they were based on wrongful conclusions and should be mitigated because he does not have customers, is not licensed to sell products and had no prior disciplinary history.
"Holeman has worked in the securities industry as a registered person and principal for forty years," the SEC opinion said. "As a result, he must have been aware of the importance of accurate, current disclosures on Form U4 not only to his employer but also to firm customers and to the investing public…..[H]is violations harmed the investing public, his firm and regulators by denying them access to material information about his failure to pay his taxes and satisfy claims against him based on that failure. And, in any event, we have repeatedly held that a lack of customer harm is not mitigating."
Holeman, who represented himself in the appeal to the SEC, said he was disappointed by the order.
"I disagree with the decision, and am exploring and considering my options," he said on Friday.
He declined to elaborate, but lawyers said he could appeal the decision in federal court or, in a real long shot, ask the SEC to stay the sanctions so he could continue working.
Joseph Pickard, general counsel of Syosset, N.Y.-based David Lerner, did not return a request for comment on the decision or on who will lead the firm's compliance office.
Finra fined David Lerner Associates' eponymous founder $250,000 in 2012 and suspended him for making false claims to customers about returns on REITs. It also ordered the Long Island firm to restore $12 million to customers and to pay a $2.3 million fine for overpricing municipal and mortgage instruments.
Holeman joined David Lerner in November 2013. He previously served for a decade as Oppenheimer's CCO, and also held senior compliance positions at E.F. Hutton, Bear Stearns and Tucker Anthony, according to his LinkedIn profile page.
The beatings will continue until the moral improves. Go search your doctor or lawyer for IRS run ins and its not public information. Only in the FINRA world is this nonsense a call to lynching!
How is Lerner still in business? Total churn monsters and their head of compliance is 70 years old and owes $$$$ to the IRS? David also wears a horrible rug
When applied to wrong doing, the term 3 strikes most notably invokes memories of the 1994 criminal justice bill, which has been in the news recently, as in 3 convictions and you are out. This headline coupled with SEC recent risk alert on recidivist actors gives the impression that this is the third strike against the CCO. However, only at the end do we learn that this is his first disciplinary action. I had to read this 3 times to understand that the 3 here refers to the 3 liens he did not report – which is really just one omission. I am not sure why this publication would want to make an industry veteran look worse than he really is.


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Painted Forest 21 Piece Fat Quarter Collection by McKenna Ryan for Hoffman Fabrics
Treat yourself to scenic prints that look like watercolor paintings in this 21-piece fat-quarter collection. These gorgeous digital prints are from McKenna Ryan's Painted Forest fabric line for Hoffman Fabrics.
Collection: Painted Forest
Collection Count: 21 Fat Quarters
Designer: McKenna Ryan
Manufacturer: Hoffman Fabrics
Fabric Type: Cotton Print
Fabric Size: 18" x 22"
Hoffman California Fabrics


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Are you an international exhibitor looking for exhibition stands hire in Orlando? If yes, then don't worry about a thing, we've got you covered!
We deliver end-to-end turnkey solutions for international brands exhibiting in Orlando, right from exhibition stand design and build, audio-visual, show-services paperwork to install and dismantling of your booth to the exhibition fairgrounds.
If you're preparing for a conference or exhibition stands in Orlando, then allow us to make the entire process easy and hassle-free. We can help create a professional and spectacular exhibition stand design in just 3 simple steps through our online booth finder.
Select Orlando as your desired city.
According to your business needs and budget select the booth size.
Click on search and browse through over 500+ award-winning exhibition stand designs.
Whether you are a first-time exhibitor or an experienced one, our team of working professionals are adept at their work and go-all-out to design an audience-engaging exhibition stand design in Orlando.
If you're a perfectionist and seeking exhibition stands for hire in Orlando that covers every single requirement of your brand, then you have stopped at the right place. Being in the exhibition industry for more than 3 decades, Exponents is a one-stop shop for exhibitors, which is known for its awe-inspiring exhibition stand designs.
We have our in-house graphics team who are proficient at their work and use the best-in-class technology, which ensures your exhibition stand graphics are bold, vibrant and enticing enough to turn many heads.
In addition, we pre-build your stand 100% so that you can be assured that your exhibition stand will be delivered on time and you don't get any last minute surprises.
So don't wait! Contact Exponents right away and have an experienced stand contractor create your stand design in Orlando free of charge!
We have built lasting brand impressions and customer engagements through compelling exhibition stands. Don't just take our word for it; read on to see what our clients have to say about our world-class solutions and services.


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Position: Nursery Staff
Due to the expansion of our Sunday child care and nurture in faith provision, we are seeking an additional staff to join our existing team of staff and volunteers. The appointed candidate will primarily work in the Church Nursery, and on occasion in our Sunday school room, when the term is in session. This position reports to the Director of Children and Family Ministry.
The full job description is available here.


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Set amidst beautiful nature, our Kingsgate Hotel Te Anau overlooks majestic mountains and lakes, and lets you discover the region's breathtaking natural wonders.
From our hotel, you can explore the cliffs and waterfalls, cruise deep within the Fiordland into Milford Sound, traverse across the mysterious Manapouri Lake, or get lost in the magical Glowworm Caves. Featuring 94 modern guest rooms, with double beds and adjoining rooms for families, a stay at our hotel in Te Anau lets you discover the pristine beauty of this New Zealand region and so much more.
Dine in Jimmy Cook's Kiwi Kitchen overlooking mountain-lake views, perfect for a hearty breakfast at sunrise or dinner at sundown. Stay and feel at home with our distinctive hospitality.
- Accommodation
- Hotel


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David Van Hagen Mother of Pearl and Onyx Square Chequered Cufflinks - Silver/Black/White
Regular price
View More - David Van Hagen - Men's Cufflinks
Product Information
Designed beautifully with a distinctive checked pattern, these square cufflinks by David Van Hagen are sure to impress at any formal event. The black and white colours of the design contrast stunningly to create a pattern that is sure to stand out and as it is made up of the semi-precious stones, mother of pearl and onyx, they are sure to be of pure quality. The base of these cufflinks is crafted from rhodium plate for an outstanding finish of quality and excellence. These luxurious cufflinks are sure to stand out against any attire making them perfect to match any mans shirt. If youre looking to add subtle sophistication to your attire then look no further than these mother of pearl and onyx chequered cufflinks by David Van Hagen and as they come packaged in an exclusive presentation box, they would make a fantastic choice of gift for any gentleman.
- Square
- Rhodium Plated; Mother of Pearl; Onyx
- Complete with David Van Hagen presentation box.
Flat rate of £1.95 for orders under £50. Orders in the UK have an estimated delivery time of 2-4 business days once shipped.
Next Day UK Delivery* - £5.95 on all orders.
*Please note that all orders placed prior to 3PM Monday - Thursday & Midday Friday will be dispatched on the same day unless otherwise stated on the product page. Orders are not dispatched on weekends or bank holidays.
International Delivery
We offer delivery from £5.95 to most countries around the world. Please note that there may be a Heavy Duty surcharge on some heavier products.
For more information please visit our delivery page.
If you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, simply return the item(s) to us in their original condition within 18 days of receipt and we will issue a full refund on receipt, or exchange them, if you prefer.
More Information
Please be aware that we cannot accept returns on certain products including underwear, tights, stockings, pierced jewellery and grooming products for reasons of health and hygiene.
For full details on our returns policy please visit our returns page.


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Important Dates
|Last Date
|Pre-Event School Competition
|Competitive Events for Graduate Students
|Abstract Submission
|Confirmation of Registrations
|Acceptance of Abstract
|SciComm &Career Workshop @ Pondicherry University
|Registration Opens 15-02-2018
|Confirmation of Registrations
|For Workshop Details
|Refer Workshop Tab
Pondicherry being a tourist hotspot is replete with good hotels catering to a wide range of budgets. A few well known hotels are listed below. You are requested to directly contact with the hotel by email or through their website for availability and charges. The list given below is for your information only. The Ashram and Auroville guest houses are both economical as well as offer their own kind of unique experience but need to be booked early since they are also on demand from the regular tourists. The cost of accommodation is not covered by the registration and you are requested to apply for grants to cover for your travel and stay
If there are sufficient numbers of pre-registered candidates staying in town who seek transportation to the venue, we will arrange for the same at pre-defined times, from identified pick-up spots in the town to the venue and back on the days of the events.
|List of some Budget Guest Houses, Standard and Luxury Hotels
|Park Guest HouseSri Aurobindo Ashram,Goubert Avenue, Beach Road Area, Pondicherry - 605001.Ph: 0413-2233644, 2224644Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
|Hotel Surguru104, Sardar Vallabhai Patel Road,Puducherry - 605001.PH: 0413-2339022, 2227290Email: email@example.com: www.hotelsurguru.com
|Hotel Atithi126, S.V. Patel Salai,Puducherry - 605014.Ph: 0143-2345000 - 08www.atithiponidcherry.com
|Shenbaga Hotel & Convention Centre432, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Muthialpet, Pondicherry - 605 003, INDIA. +91 413 - firstname.lastname@example.com://www.shenbagahotel.com
|Ganesh Residency Beach ResortECR Road, Chinna Kalapet,Opp. Pondicherry University 2nd Gate,Puducherry - 605014.Ph: 0143-2656555, 2656556.Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
|St. James Court Beach ResortOpp. Pondicherry Engg. College, Chinna Kalapet, Pondicherry - 605014.Ph: 0413-2655275, 2655276Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
|Nalla Eco Beach ResortAlamarathu Street, Opp. Pondicherry University,Chinna Kalapet, Pondicherry - 605014.Ph: 0413 - 2655683, 2655684, 2655685Email: firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com
|Hotel Pondicherry AshokA unit of ITDC & PIPDIC,East Coast Road, Kalapet Beach, Puducherry - 605014.Tel: 0413-2655160Email: email@example.com


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On the other side if the gorge, we are getting excited about two new products in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe.
Steeped in history, the Victoria Falls Tram Bridge Tours are a unique journey into the adventure and romance of a bygone age. Both morning and sunset tours begin with a stroll down the red carpet path which links the iconic, 108-year old Victoria Falls Hotel to the train platform at Victoria Falls Station. The 19th century-style tram begins its gentle, twenty minute meander through the vibrant town of Victoria Falls. Its final destination is right in the middle of the Victoria Falls Bridge which straddles the line dividing Zimbabwe and Zambia. This historic bridge affords spectacular views directly onto the face of the falls themselves.
The tram seats approximately 32 passengers on eight comfortable benches.
|The new Tram
The two optional tours are - "Victoria Falls Tram Morning Bridge Tour" & the "Victoria Falls Tram Champagne Sunset Bridge Tour"
1. The Victoria Falls Tram Morning Bridge Tour
Once on the bridge, passengers disembark for a full Historic Bridge Tour – packed with humour, drama and plenty of facts, this theatrical performance includes a walk under Victoria Falls Bridge and ends at the Bridge Information Centre.
Passengers will be offered the chance to do a Bungee Jump, Bridge Swing and Bridge Slide or can watch all the drama from the Bridge Cafe.
Passengers will be offered the chance to do a Bungee Jump, Bridge Swing and Bridge Slide or can watch all the drama from the Bridge Cafe.
Departs – 10h00
Returns to Victoria Falls Station – approx. 12h30
2. The Victoria Falls Tram & Bridge Champagne Sunset Tour
On arrival on the bridge, passengers disembark to watch a thrilling demonstration of stunt jumping by the Bungee Flying Squad.
Guests will then have time to relax, and absorb and celebrate a magnificent African sunset overlooking the gorges and the falls – an opportune time for an ice cold beer or glass of wine.
Departs – 16h45
Returns to Victoria Falls Station – approx. 18h45


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"Caned identities"
Experimental interactive project. On going...
Experiences, different forms, interviews, workshops, with Nora Kasa-Vubu.
What is identity? Is it single, multiple or shared? Is it cultural or national? Is it official? Is it objective or subjective? Is it even definable?
Couldn't we stop trying to box it up?
"Se faire mettre en boîte" literally "to be boxed, to be canned" ... this expression dates from 1910. It is a picture to speak of someone who can not defend himself in an unpleasant conversation
and by extension, to speak of mockery or provocation.
We chose as a definition, to support our purpose, the one of Maurice Rat: "To box: make it impossible for a person to replicate, to get herself out of a situation."
We understand here that the immobilization, the confinement, refers to the helplessness of the person concerned.
We add to this expression another meaning, which is based on its original meaning: to literally put something in a box, in a can. The point is to stop an evolutionary process (rotting, for example) and standardize the product (for commercial or other purposes).
When it comes to identity, "canning" may seem convenient to approach strangers, but it is very unconfortable for those who are branded this way.


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Standard Practice for Evaluating the Imaging Performance of Security X-Ray Systems
|Publication Date:
|1 April 2017
|Page Count:
This practice applies to all X-ray-based screening systems with tunnel apertures up to 1 m wide × 1 m high, whether they are conventional X-ray systems or explosives detection systems, that provide a projection or projection/scatter image.
This practice applies to X-ray systems used for the screening for prohibited items such as weapons, explosives, and explosive devices in baggage, packages, cargo, or mail.
This practice establishes quantitative and qualitative methods for evaluating the systems. This practice does not establish minimum performance requirements for any particular application.
This practice relies upon the use of three different standard test objects: ASTM X-ray test object - HP, for evaluating human perception based performance parameters; ASTM X-ray test object - RT, for routine testing to assess operation; and ASTM X-ray test object - OE, for objective evaluation and scoring of the technical capability of the system. The specific test objects are subsequently described and referred to in this practice as the HP test object, RT test object, and OE test object.
Part RT-This part considers only the methods for routine and periodic verification of system operation and function, and therefore requires use of ASTM X-ray test object - RT.
Part HP-This part considers only the methods for, and use of, the ASTM X-ray test object - HP.
Part OE-This part considers only the methods for objective evaluation of the technical capabilities of a system, and therefore requires use of the ASTM X-ray test object - OE.
The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.


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The Position of Politics Parties
The Part of Personal Parties
History features always endured the issues of national politics; whether formal or relaxed. Athens was your origins of early Democracy with the firm (or absence thereof) a Direct Democracy. An immediate Democracy is definitely where one can declare every single person beneath the rule from the modern government has the probability to speak to the president of their issues. Consequently Direct Democracy is the capacity to make the regulations in which you are governed by through a considerably dispersed sum of electric power. This was evenly balanced together with the counterpart Republic being created from Rome, with the use of a representative govt. The Republic is a system where the people are spoken to get by head; this does not mean that the leader is usually chosen. Because the leader is usually not selected, the people's opinions are taken into account but are only viewed as " cheerleaders" of the government hoping they earn the right decisions. This can be a trouble since there is nothing to keeping these capabilities in check because there is no election procedure, and such a focused power can easily be abused. Both of these government authorities combined happen to be what each of our current Democracy is sculpted from today. The reason for the combination rather than clear decision from the two governments can be primarily mainly because each govt is missing one of the two elements of electricity. Direct Democracy has the component of organized money or prosperity, while the Republic had structured people to signify the many. Some examples of the blend of the two systems can be represented in the modern election procedures. The fact the fact that people have state in a well-liked vote showing what person is more likely to deal with the problems that that individual provides, is a very personal action irrespective of them choosing of " a voice" for themselves. An organization that can be seen to be more of a Republican great is the Electoral College in which the popular vote is considered nevertheless has no actual influence at the rear of a decision (i. e. George Bush dropping popular political election, but successful the election through the Electoral College. ) Both factors are necessary to make a respectable govt where the persons feel energized yet well spoken intended for. Though these elements are had to work in unison, the country appears to be divided practically in half in a passionate way for the Parties. The older of the two major U. S. political parties, the Democratic Party is considered to obtain two eras. The historic era started out with the party's founding in 1792; after that known as the Democratic-Republican Party. The party grew out of opposition to the Federalist Party who, led by Alexander Hamilton, had been successful in securing wins in the first presidential selection with George Washington since president and John Adams as vice president. Founding Fathers Thomas Jefferson and David Madison enjoyed a large position in the party's formation by uniting the Anti-Federalists under their leadership. Democratic-Republicans championed states' privileges and had been strict constitutionalists as opposed to Stalinsky and the Federalists loose model of the Metabolism. They also conducted Hamilton's creation of a nationwide bank fantastic belief of the strong government system of govt. The party finally beat out the federalists in the political election of toll free with Jefferson winning the presidency. Jefferson had linked in a number of electoral votes with fellow Democratic-Republican Aaron Burr, so the selection was made the decision by the Property of Staff who decided to go with Jefferson to get president; making Burr the vice president.
Several years later a rift grew within the Democratic-Republicans over their very own nominations to get the obama administration in the 1824 election. The faction helping the candidacy of Andrew Jackson and old " Jeffersonian" rules of sciene became the modern Democratic Get together. Jackson gained the presidency in 1828 and this started the Democrats current time. The party continued solid until the 1860's when they were once again divided, this time over the...
Cited: democrats. org. (2012). http://www.democrats.org/issues/economy_and_job_creation
GOP. (2012). Gop. com http://www.gop.com/our-party/
ontheissues. org. (2012, sep. 01). http://www.ontheissues.org/Celeb/Republican_Party_Education.htm
Pollick, Michael & Harris. M. (2013). How does a celebration choose a President
Candidate? WiseGeek.
Snyder, J. M., & Ting, Meters. M. (2011). Electoral Assortment with Parties and
Primaries. American Diary Of Personal Science, 55(4), 782-796. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1540-5907. 2011. 00526. by
(2013, February 24). History of Usa Democratic Get together. Retrieved coming from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Democratic_Party
(2013, March 2). History of the Unites States Conservative Party. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Republican_Party


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Test-Data Generation for Testing Parallel Real-Time Systems
The Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) of real-time systems is mainly influenced by the program design, its execution environment and the input data. To cover the last factor in the context of WCET estimation, the objective of this work is to generate the test-data that maximize the execution times of the parallel real-time systems. In this paper, a test-data generation technique is proposed that uses Genetic Algorithms to automatically generate the input data, to be used for testing of parallel real-time systems. The proposed technique was applied to a parallel embedded application – Stringsearch. The result was an analysis that took as input the parallel program and generated the test-data that cause maximal execution times. The generated test-data showed improvements by exercising long execution times in comparison to randomly generated input data.
KeywordsTest-data generation Genetic Algorithm Real-time systems Measurement-based analysis Worst-case execution time analysis End-to-end testing
1 Introduction
With the wide use of multicore processors in desktop computers and embedded systems, and the growing demands of high performance real-time applications, it is expected that multicore processors will be increasingly used in real-time systems [26]. The deployment of real-time applications on multicore platforms with tens or hundreds of cores may become a reality very soon [3]. This demands special methods and techniques for the design and testing of future multicore embedded real-time systems, where the previous research mostly assumes sequential code running on single-core platforms.
The fundamental property to guarantee the performance of a real-time system is its Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) testing. The worst-case bounds can be derived either by using static timing analysis [11], or by measuring the programs execution time on a given hardware or simulator using a set of inputs [24]. The static timing analysis methods applied on hardware and software models of the system are very difficult to apply for parallel systems. For instance, the inter-thread interferences among shared resources, e.g., L2 caches are hard to analyze statically [26]. In contrast, measurement-based methods can be used for better estimating the execution time of parallel systems and therefore are widely used in the industry.
The problem of WCET testing is to find the test-data that causes execution of the longest path of the program, and thus causes the longest execution time. But to do so, a complete test with all possible inputs, generally cannot be carried out. Similarly, exhausting all the possible program paths, for a given input, is usually infeasible. To handle these problems, evolutionary testing can be utilized that automatically searches the test-data to estimate the WCET. For instance, if searching the worst-case inputs from the set of all possible inputs is considered as an optimization problem, Genetic Algorithms (GA) [1] can be utilized to automatically search the required test-data.
The current research efforts of WCET analysis for multicore systems are focused on performance enhancing hardware features [12, 15, 19], and application [4, 16, 18] or programming level [9, 27, 28]. However, there is lack of research in test-data generation for WCET estimation of parallel real-time systems executing on multicore architectures. To fill this gap, this work proposes a Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE) technique to generate test-data for testing parallel real-time systems. The proposed technique uses GA to sub-optimally evolve the worst-case inputs, with the objective to find those inputs that will cause the program to take longest execution time.
The proposed technique is applied by measuring the end-to-end execution time of the ParMiBench benchmark suite [14]. ParMiBench is an open source parallel version of a subset of MiBench benchmark suite [10] – many of whose benchmarks appear to be suitable candidates for WCET analysis [7]. ParMiBench benchmark suite, actually designed to evaluate the performance of embedded multi-core systems, is implemented using C language and POSIX threads to achieve parallelism and supports Unix/Linux based platforms [14]. The end-to-end time was measured by gathering the execution traces of the parallel program using the Gem5 simulator [2].
This article is organized as follows. Section 2 explains the methodology followed in this work. Section 3 describes the method to approach the problem of test-data generation along with the details of the actions performed. Section 4 reports the experimental setup and the results obtained from the experiment. The evaluation of this work is provided in Sect. 5. Section 6 describes related work in measurement-based WCET analysis for parallel real-time systems. Section 7 contains concluding remarks and directions for future work.
2 Methodology
In this work, the benchmarks are seen as a black box that consumes input and generates timing information. However, for the testing process to be effective and the testing results to be meaningful, we need benchmarks with a rich input space.
the current Gem5 framework forces to execute the benchmarks from within a disk image in the full system mode. This requires the benchmarks to have input parameters that can be easily fed, e.g., via command line.
In the initial experiment, the simulation was executed with the existing data set of Stringsearch benchmark. However, the initial experiment revealed that the text and pattern files in the existing data set consist of repeated contents. Consequently, any new pattern file generated, with tokens picked up randomly from the text file, had tokens that exist in every line of the file regardless of which line they have been picked. Thus, the existing data set of the benchmark was inappropriate to allow evolutionary testing, as the data set should not contain duplicate values. Therefore, a new text file with dissimilar tokens was generated that consists of 102400 random characters (file size \(\approx \) 100 KB), and a pattern file containing 64 tokens each of five characters length. The token length was kept fixed (i.e., five characters, similar to the given benchmark) to observe the execution time variations unassociated with the input length. Additionally, fixed size inputs allow the easy alignment of parts during crossover operation.
In this work, Gem5 architecture simulator was used to measure the end-to-end execution time of the parallel benchmark. Gem5 was selected as it provides full-system simulation to execute a program in the operating system environment, with support of several commercial Instruction Set Architectures (just as ARM, ALPHA). To get the execution traces of our interest, we performed some tweaking to the simulator. We applied a Kernel patch and made some custom modifications to the simulator to get the execution traces of the benchmark1. These traces were then used to calculate the end-to-end execution time of the benchmark. Instead of manual calculation, the end-to-end execution time was calculated automatically by a Java application.
3 Proposed Test-Data Generation Technique
3.1 Define the Initial Population
For applying GA, an initial population of individuals need to be defined which is evolved across a number of generations. Individuals are usually random guesses to the solution of a problem. Care should be given to maintain diversity in the population so that premature convergence towards a sub-optimal solution can be prevented. For instance, in case of Stringsearch, a good candidate for the best individual produced by the GA in the last generation is the input to the program where all tokens to be searched do not exist in the text file.
To achieve this, an intuition-based selection was made to start from a point where 50 % of tokens exist in the text and 50 % do not. An initial population of one hundred pattern files, to be used in GA, was generated using the following ways:
- (a)
By randomly picking up tokens from this newly generated text file
- (b)
By randomly generating totally new tokens
Consequently, each file contained a set of tokens gathered from a mixture of 50 % randomly generated tokens and 50 % tokens picked up from the text. Thus, the chances of each token within a pattern file are equally likely to be in the text or not, making it a fair distribution to start with.
To conclude, there are (n*k)/2 tokens that exist in the text, and are randomly distributed among the total n*k tokens in n files (considering n pattern files, each having k patterns). This allows to give the 50-50 found/not found distribution without making individuals in the population biased. This set of one hundred pattern files collectively formed the genetic representation of the solution domain. Thus, the initial population in this experiment consists of one hundred chromosomes and 64 genes of each chromosome, in GA terminology.
3.2 End-to-End Time Calculation
In this work, it is proposed to use the end-to-end execution time of parallel program as fitness function. The end-to-end time was calculated from the traces obtained from the Gem5 simulator by executing the parallel application. Each trace was generated by detecting the starting and ending points of a thread execution. A Java application was written to automatically calculate the end-to-end time from the obtained execution traces. In the initialization phase, the end-to-end time was calculated for all the 100 files present in the initial population. The simulation was run one hundred times to generate one hundred traces, i.e., one time for each pattern file. However, in all the other iterations it was calculated for the new individuals of the next generation only.
3.3 Applying Genetic Algorithm
GA uses the concept of natural evolution to reach the desired solution from a given huge search space. The main idea of using GA, in this work, is to execute the program with sets of inputs throughout a number of generations. The process starts with generating k random vectors initially (first generation) and obtain their timing information. Then, the generated k random inputs with the timing information are used to produce the next k inputs (second generation). This process is repeated for n generations. The details of the steps of GA as followed in the proposed technique are given below.
- 1.
Calculate the Fitness Value
The fitness of the individuals is a problem-dependent value that specifies the goodness of an individual in solving the problem at hand. The selection of an individual for the next generation depends on its fitness value, i.e., each individual in the population is evaluated by calculating its fitness. The fitness value is used to select the best of any generation to 'mate' them in order to produce the new generation.
As already mentioned, the end-to-end time is considered as a fitness value, in this work. Thus, the longer the end-to-end time, the higher would be the fitness. The fitness value is generated in GA through fitness function. It means that calculating the fitness function requires the execution of the program to produce traces. The time taken by Stringsearch to execute each pattern file was considered as the fitness value of that pattern file. The use of GA is suppose to search the inputs with higher fitness values in each generation. In this way, the program execution using GA would lead towards inputs having larger fitness values.
It is worth mentioning here that cache hits or misses, thread conflicts or any other parameters were not considered to evaluate the fitness. Because considering these parameters is a huge research in its own and requires more effort and time. In addition, Gem5 simulator does not provide much information about these parameters which can be useful at this level.
- 2.
Select the Individuals
A selection strategy is applied to the individuals of a population in a given generation to decide which ones are allowed to proceed to the next generation. To make a rank based selection, the individual need to be sorted based on their fitness values. It is proposed to select only five individuals, as selecting more individuals would take more time in the remaining steps and also in calculating their fitness in next generation.
In this experiment, the pattern files were sorted based on their fitness values. The top five pattern files were selected as chromosomes for the next generation. Top five files were selected because selecting 50 files, for instance, will be a big enough number as it will make 100 files for the next generation which will take too long to calculate their fitness.
- 3.
The evolution of the population involves the exchange of genetic material between the individuals through crossover operation. Traditionally, this is achieved by choosing a point along two bit strings at random and swapping the tails. To produce new files, a crossover was made amongst the top five selected pattern files, by merging two lists of tokens picked up from randomly selected pattern files. This crossover resulted in ten new chromosomes. In crossover, one part of a file was concatenated with another part of the second file, where the size of selected parts may not be the same, e.g., 2 tokens picked from one file were concatenated with 62 tokens from the other file. This selection is based on cutting one chromosome at a random location and concatenating it with the remaining part of the second chromosome cut at the same location.
- 4.
The evolution of the population also involves the alteration of the genetic material of a single individual through mutation operation. Mutation is achieved by picking a bit at random and flipping its value. Mutation was applied to the results of crossover to produce and further improve the next generation. It was done by randomly picking a token from a pattern file and replacing its any letter with another random character. This process was repeated until the desired percentage of mutation was achieved. In this way, the next generation of 10 chromosomes was produced.
The above process was repeated for a set of ten chromosomes, which was reproduced after each generation. The evolution continues until a good-enough individual that solves the problem adequately is found, or until a maximum number of generations is reached. Opting for the latter case, the whole process was repeated for 50 generations, as the probability of improving over several generations is high.
With the above modeled parameters, a Java application was developed that implemented GA in the experiment. The implementation used the given pattern files composed of tokens without converting them into binary strings. This simplified the complex problem of coding and decoding of inputs for this specific case.
4 Experimentation
4.1 Experimental Setup
The Gem5 configurations, as used in this experiment, included four cores of ARM detailed architecture as specified by Gem5 (ARMv7-A ISA based) with default size of L2 cache (2 MB) and 256 MB of Memory. The disk image contained ARM embedded Linux (AEL) as the guest operating system for the simulator. We used Gem5 to run the simulations and execute benchmarks for collecting the kernel level thread traces and computing the end-to-end times. We had Xeon processor with twelve logical cores and enough memory \((48\,GB)\) available in our machine to accommodate multiple instances of simulator running in parallel.
4.2 Experimental Results
From the plotted graphs, i.e., the measured end-to-end times, it is observed that by using GA an overall improvement can be achieved in the fitness values corresponding to the pattern files. For instance, in first and third generations (Fig. 2(a) and (b)) there are only three pattern files which caused the program to execute for a period longer than 5.98e+10 ticks. In comparison, the number of pattern files, which execute longer than this number of ticks, is increased to eight pattern files in 25th generation and nine pattern files in 50th generation (Fig. 2(c) and (d)). This increase in the number of input files after applying several generations shows that the inputs are taking longer time. This is a clear indication that the proposed technique has improved the inputs, i.e., those inputs are generated that cause the longest time to execute.
Measured WCET across different generations for 5 characters length token
Input token size
Generation no
Above (Th.5.98)
5 characters
An increasing number of input files above the threshold can be observed, in Table 1, except for 30th generation. This is due to the very nature of GA where results can degrade even after reaching to an improved position. However, an overall improvement is achieved across 50 generations.
5 Evaluation
Measured WCET across different generations for 10 characters length token
Input token size
Generation no
Above (Th.5.90)
10 characters
From Table 2, it can be observed that the number of input files increased with the number of generations. Although the number of files slightly increased and decreased due to GA, an overall steady increase in the number of files was observed after 50th generations.
6 Related Work and Discussion
Most of WCET-analysis research is performed for sequential software and single-core hardware. Recently, research on WCET analysis of sequential code on multi-core processors has been a main focus. The work that has been done in this area so far can be divided into two parts (1) static hardware modeling for WCET analysis on multi-core architectures [8, 25, 26, 29], and (2) design of analyzable multi-core computers that favor timing predictability over performance [6, 17, 20, 21]. In relation to this work, research on parallel applications running on multi-core architectures is very limited. For instance, Rochange et al. [19] highlights the problem of analyzing the timing behavior of non-sequential software on a multi-core architecture. They report a manual analysis of a parallel application, which determines the synchronization and communication between its executing threads.
In contrast, we have used GA to heuristically search the input from a huge search space of tokens that would cause the program to execute for the longest period of time. It was observed that the execution time of the search tends to decrease with the increase in size of the input text (see e.g., WCET of 5 and 10 characters). In general, the proposed technique is applicable to any parallel real-time system where optimization is needed. This further requires that the system under consideration can be genetically represented and has a fitness function for its evaluation. However, the proposed technique should be complemented with static timing analysis if safety is required, i.e., to ensure that the obtained results are close to the actual WCET of the considered system.
Evolutionary search (more specifically GA) has been employed in the literature [5, 13, 22] to find long execution times of real-time programs. Although, research on using GA for testing real-time systems dates back to 90s [23], it has not been used for WCET analysis of parallel programs running on multi-core hardware, to the best of our knowledge. The fitness function used in this work considered the end-to-end time for the execution of a program as the fitness value. This consideration has helped us to produce good enough results by using GA that maximized the fitness value.
7 Conclusion
In this paper, a measurement-based technique is proposed for automatic test-data generation for parallel real-time systems running on a multicore architecture. The technique uses Genetic Algorithm to generate test data that maximize the execution times of the parallel application. It evolves input vectors that cause long execution times of the program using evolutionary testing. The results of the experiment showed a significant improvement in the execution times of input files after applying the proposed technique. Thus, the aim of producing large execution times, which are either the WCET or close to it, was achieved.
In the future, we aim to use a real-life, real-time application to evaluate our work. In case of publicly-unavailability of such applications, the method can be tested with other benchmarks of ParMiBench. Moreover, the static timing analysis is planned to be performed to evaluate the safeness and tightness of the proposed technique. Although, the end-to-end time is considered as an output to the fitness function, it is also planned to consider a richer multi-objective fitness function in future that might include thread conflicts, cache misses/hits and cache sizes.
- 1.
Interested readers can visit our technical report for more configuration details, http://bit.ly/1JqheNS.
This research is funded by the program of strategic technologies of the National Science, Technology, and Innovation plan in Saudi Arabia (Grant No. 11-INF1705-10). We acknowledge KACST (King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology) for funding this research and STU (Science and Technology Unit), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah for providing necessary support.
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