text:
First Claim
1. -42. (canceled)
6 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method to read energy-related data in a power meter. In one exemplary embodiment, the method includes the step of sending a request message to an on-premise processor, directing the on-premise processor to read energy-related data from a power meter, using an 802.11 X-based wireless protocol. The method further includes the step of retrieving energy-related data stored in a memory of the power meter by the on-premise processor, using the 802.11 X-based wireless protocol, and the step of receiving a response message sent at a host processor, communicated from the on-premise processor, using the 802.11 X wireless protocol. The method further includes the step of recording the energy related data in a data structure in memory of the host processor, along with a date and time information.
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52 Claims
- 1. -42. (canceled)
- 43. . A method to read energy related data in a power meter comprising:
sending a request message to an on-premise processor directing the on-premise processor to read energy related data from a power meter identified by a meter identification number using an 802.11X-based wireless protocol; retrieving energy related data stored in a memory of the power meter by the on-premise processor using the 802.11X-based wireless protocol and the meter identification number; receiving a response message sent at a host processor communicated from the on-premise processor using the 802.11X wireless protocol indicating the energy related data and the meter identification number; and recording the energy related data associated with the meter identification number in a data structure in memory of the host processor along with a date and time information.
- View Dependent Claims (44, 45)
- 46. . A method for reading data from a utility meter, comprising:
storing a utility meter address and a utility meter reading schedule in an on-premise processor indicating a time to read data from at least one utility meter; communicating a meter reading request message incorporating the utility meter address from the on-premise processor to the utility meter using an 802.1 1X wireless protocol at a time indicated by the meter reading schedule; receiving a meter reading response message at the on-premise processor containing usage related data communicated using the 802.1 1X wireless protocol; and sending a meter reading report message from the on-premise processor to a host processor, the meter reading report message including usage data, meter type, and the utility meter address.
- View Dependent Claims (47)
- 48. . A method for a host processor to read measurement data from a utility meter, comprising the steps of:
receiving a first request message at the on-premise processor sent from the host processor requesting measurement data from an utility meter wherein the request includes a meter identifier associated with the utility meter; sending a first acknowledgment message in response to the first request by the on-premise processor to the host processor indicating error free receipt of the first request; sending a second request message from the on-premise processor to the utility meter communicated using a 802.11X wireless protocol requesting measurement data from the utility meter; receiving a first response message at the on-premise processor from the utility meter communicated using the 802.11X wireless protocol including the measurement data and a date; sending a second acknowledgement message from the on-premise processor to the host processor including the measurement data and the date; and recording the measurement data and the date in a data structure associated with the meter identifier in the host processor.
- View Dependent Claims (49)
- 50. . A method for a host processor to obtain measurement data from a utility meter, comprising:
receiving periodic measurement data at the on-premise processor from the utility meter communicated using an 802.11X wireless protocol containing a utility meter identification number; storing the measurement data and the identification number in a memory in an on-premise processor along with time-related data; receiving a first request message at the on-premise processor from the host processor requesting the measurement data for the utility meter, the first request message including the utility meter identification number; retrieving the measurement data and the time-related data in the memory of the on-premise processor associated with the utility meter identification number; and sending a reporting message from the on-premise processor to the host processor incorporating the measurement data, the utility meter identification number, and the time-related data.
- View Dependent Claims (51)
- 52. -70. (canceled)
1 Specification
This application is a continuation and claims priority to and benefit of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/259,975, filed Oct. 28, 2008, entitled "Systems and Methods for Remote Power Management Using 802.11 Wireless Protocols," the status of which is allowed, which claims priority to and is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/028,730, entitled "Systems and Methods for Remote Power Management Using 802.11 Wireless Protocols," filed Feb. 8, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,451,019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/370,705, entitled "Systems and Methods for Remote Power Management Using 802.11 Wireless Protocols," filed Mar. 8, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,349,766, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/658,493, entitled "Systems and Methods for Remote Power Management Using 802.11 Wireless Protocols," filed Sep. 8, 2003, now abandoned, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth herein in their entirety. Claims 1-70 were originally filed in the '"'"'493 application on Sep. 8, 2003. Claims 43-51 in the present continuation application correspond to the subject matter in claims 43-51 of the '"'"'493 application as originally filed.
This invention is directed to systems and methods for remote power management using the IEEE 802.11 suite of wireless protocols to effect various power management functions including: power load control, power meter activation and deactivation, and utility meter data gathering for residential and commercial applications.
The growth in energy consumption has outstripped the power generating capabilities in various areas. It is not uncommon in various regions for power utilities to mandate temporary reductions in power usage because of limited power generating capabilities. This is most prevalent in the summertime in conjunction with hot weather, when air conditioning usage peaks. Such air conditioning loads often represents the single largest power consumption loads for many residential and business locations.
In other instances, the power supply in the aggregate for a region is able to meet the power demand for the region, but limitations in the power distribution and transmission infrastructure result in instability, or unequal availability of power throughout the region. The blackout in the northeastern United States on Aug. 14, 2003 illustrates that impact of problems in power transmission and distribution can also lead to power outages and load imbalances.
If power consumption exceeds the available supply, regardless of insufficient power generation or inadequate distribution and transmission facilities, the power grid has automatic safeguards to limit the demand and prevent permanent damage to the power grid. These procedures may result in power blackouts and are undesirable as they indiscriminately remove power to all users located in a service area without warning. Another approach is to temporarily eliminate power on a planned basis to a selected service area. While still undesirable, this approach has the benefit of being planned and the impact (e-g., area effected) is known in advance. However, the economic costs of such blackouts is significant, and has been estimated by the government to cost the U.S. economy between $119-$188 billion dollars annually.
More preferable to rolling blackouts are approaches where power is maintained, but consumption is reduced so as to avoid a subsequent blackout. Typically, large power consumers (e.g., commercial and industrial customers) voluntarily enter into a demand load reduction program offered by the power utility. These arrangements are typically regulated by an appropriate state regulatory agency (e.g., Public Utility Commission) and in this arrangement customers agree to reduce or eliminate their load consumption upon request of the utility in exchange for a lower energy prices (power rates). Customers are typically requested to reduce their power consumption for a fixed number of hours (e.g., four hours) upon request, for a fixed number of times a year (e.g., six per year). If at the time of the request the customer does not reduce their power, then a penalty is levied on the customer. This requires the power utility to individually contact large energy consumers and request load reduction, which typically is accomplished by user deactivating a power load. Frequently, these users 'turn off' or deactivate air conditioning systems or other industrial processes for a limited time period when usage is predicted to peak (e.g., typically afternoon). Often, peak usage is predictable and involves comparing past usage and anticipated temperatures. Thus, the need for limiting consumption can be often predicted hours in advance.
Typically, the power utility maintains a list of customers that consume large amounts of power, with names and telephone numbers for the purpose of requesting voluntary reduction in power usage. If a power reduction is required, utility personnel will telephone the customers and request power reduction. Under the incentive/disincentive program characteristics, customers typically comply as the alternative typically results in penalties and the ultimate result in a blackout.
The process of manually contacting and deactivating power loads is labor intensive and slow. Further, once a power utility contacts a customer for load reduction, the power utility has no immediate feedback as to whether the customer did reduce their power consumption and the associated impact. Typically, determination of a power load reduction is determined at the end of the billing cycle, and it is not clear whether the load was reduced for the entire time period or not. In addition, the power utility is not readily able to determine the real time power demand reduction by such power load demand activities, except at a very aggregate level. Consequently, the power utility may request far more (or less) power consumers to reduce their load than is required. Further, the power company is not able to tailor the time period for what is required. For example, the power utility may request load deactivation for a 4 hour window, but if after 3 hours it is determined that no further load reductions are required, the utility may not contact the various power consumers indicating that load reduction is not longer required. Contacting each of the power consumers may take so long so as to render the process moot.
Clearly, an automated approach for managing loads would be preferable. Further, the management of power loads may allow distinguishing between voluntary reduction and involuntary reduction. For example, if a power provider requires reducing power consumption, it may be preferable to obtain power reduction by voluntary load reduction, rather, than to institute involuntary power reduction. Typically, only if the voluntary reductions are insufficient are involuntary power reductions instituted. Thus, in managing loads, a user may require to know the distinction whether an indication for power reduction is a voluntary request or a precursor to a demand for power reduction. Further, automated approaches may allow flexibility in defining load reduction programs. Users may selectively volunteer to reduce their power consumption if economic incentives are provided to them even, if they have not enlisted into a traditional power load reduction scheme. Thus, users not enlisted in a power load reduction scheme could still be offered an economic incentive via variable rate schedules for power consumption. A normal, or 'off peak' usage rate indicates the rate normally used to calculate a bill for power usage while a 'peak rate' indicates a higher rate for peak demand. However, communication of a dynamic schedule of peak/off peak rates can be scheduled on a real time basis to hundreds or thousands of users that would not be practical on a manual basis. Therefore, an automated approach for communicating rate schedules would be preferable.
Existing technology has not proven practical in many instances in addressing these problems, partly from a cost perspective. However, the wide scale development of a relatively recent developed wireless LAN standard known as IEEE 802.11 allows the low cost application of wireless technology to address many of the above problems, as well as providing additional benefits.
A major impediment to the application of wireless data communication technology is that in many circumstances, radio transmission is limited by regulation by the FCC. The FCC defines frequency bands, ('spectrum') which are subject to various regulations regarding its use and technical operation. For example, transmission of radio frequencies in most spectrum is regulated and only available for use by licensed entities. Thus, a power utility desiring to utilize wireless technology to remotely manage power loads would have to, in many cases, obtain a FCC license and comply with the associated regulations. In many instances, the regulatory compliance is complicated, and obtaining a license for using the spectrum can be very difficult and costly. Typically, a license requires a significant revenue producing application to justify its use.
The FCC has allocated a portion of the spectrum for unlicensed use, as defined in a portion of the regulations known as 'Part 15' of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. So-called 'Part 15' devices include garage door openers, cordless telephones, walkie-talkies, baby monitors, etc. These devices operate on defined channels in frequency bands and are subject to interference from other devices. To minimize interference, the FCC limits the maximum power that may be used during transmission.
A technology developed initially for the military radio communications, called 'spread spectrum' has been adapted for cellular applications and is now available for use in other applications at very economical costs. This technology has the benefit of minimizing interference from other devices using the same bandwidth. This technology is mandated by the FCC for equipment transmitting in a portion of the unlicensed spectrum, namely frequencies of 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz. The devices in this range typically are allowed to transmit at a maximum of 1 watt, though most transmit at a lower power. This technology allows a variety of users to share the spectrum and minimize interference with each other. Heretofore, the historical approach to minimizing such interference was to license the frequency to a specific entity, which in turn coordinates individual users (typically in the role of a service provider in relation to its subscribers).
The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) sponsors various standards settings bodies, and the group known by the numerical designator "802" is responsible for various Local Area Network (LAN) standards. A group formed to define various wireless technical standards for LAN standards, is known as 802.11. This group has defined various approaches for using spread spectrum techniques in the unlicensed 2.4-2.4835 GHz spectrum for LANs and has spawned an entire industry of manufacturers building equipment allowing wireless data communication from various devices including laptops, PDAs, and other devices.
The 802.11 group has divided into various task groups focusing on various technologies and has evolved over time. The following lists some of the task groups and their focus:
802.11—Wireless LAN Physical and MAC layer specification (2.4 GHz.),
802.11a —Wireless LAN Physical and MAC layer specification (SGhz),
802.11b—Higher speed (5.5 and 11 Mbps),
802.11c—Bridge Operations,
802.11d—Operation in additional regulatory domains,
802.11e—Quality of Service parameters,
802.11f—Multi-vendor access point interoperability Access Distribution Systems,
802.11g—Higher rate (20 Mbps) extensions in the 2.4 GHz band,
802.11h—Enhancements for Dynamic Channel Selection,
802.11i—Security and Authentication.
Thus, the 802.11 suite of protocols encompasses a variety of past and present protocols designed to inter-work together.
The 802.11 protocols are based typically on using TCPIIP protocols, which are well known in the art and adapted from wireline LAN usage. This facilitates. interworking of existing infrastructure (e.g., hardware and software) for use with the wireless LAN equipment.
The wireless LAN task groups have defined various wireless architectures including end-points (also called stations) that originate and terminate information, and access points that provide access to a distribution infrastructure for extended communication. The 802.11 standard defines various capabilities and services associated with an end device pertinent to wireless operation. For example, 802.11 defines procedures to authenticate an end-point to an access point, associate/disassociated an end-point to an access point, ensure privacy and security, and transfer data between an 802.11 LAN and non-802.11 LAN.
The development of these standards along with industry cooperation to ensure interoperability has lead to equipment which when certified is termed "Wi-Fi" and can provide for wireless data communication heretofore not possible. The large-scale development of specialized semiconductors has lead to economies of scale allowing low cost equipment that heretofore has not been possible for wireless products. Thus, the use of 802.11-based equipment provides a whole new opportunity for communication capabilities for devices heretofore not possible. This allows greater automation and control for applications previously not considered.
The present invention is directed, in part, to remote energy load management, including power load control, real time load curtailment verification, meter, activation/deactivation, and meter reading. Although the principles of the present invention are largely illustrated using a power meter and load control device, the principles equally apply to other embodiments of resource management. For example, in lieu of a power load and power meter, a natural gas flow controlled by a valve or gas meter could be used. Other examples include devices controlling resources in the form of fluids, solids, and the corresponding devices for metering or handling such fuel resources as coal, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, etc. A variety of measured resources controlled by a metering device may be adapted to the principles of the present invention. Thus, illustrating the principles by using a power meter should not be construed to limit application of principles of present invention solely to such embodiments.
One of the several main functions associated with energy management include power load control, or simply 'load control.' This refers to an external entity, which in some cases is associated with the power provider (e.g., power utility company) influencing the control of a power load. The 'control' of the load can take various forms, including deactivating a load, requesting deactivation of a load, requesting deferment of activation of a load, requesting the activation of on site generating capacity (e.g. distributed generation) or even advising an intelligent load controller of the relative rates associated with power consumption. For example, one embodiment of load control is controlling the activation of an air conditioning system. For many energy related applications, air conditioning systems represent the single largest power load at a location. Typically, the control of whether such systems are 'on' or 'off' occurs using a thermostat in an autonomous manner. More sophisticated building control systems may integrate a processor to control the A/C systems so that they are only activated during business hours. Such systems may define preset temperature levels to prevent individuals from overriding the settings.
One motivation for controlling power loads occurs when the power utility company is not able to fully supply the electrical power demands for all users. This results in 'brownouts' or 'rolling blackouts,' and typically occurs in the summertime during peak usage. From the power utility company'"'"'s perspective, it is imperative that when the demand exceeds the available power, that loads be controlled. Otherwise, various automatic measures in the power grid will automatically reduce loads to prevent harm to the power grid. This results in an unplanned blackout, which is a total termination of power to selected service areas.
One solution is for the power utility company to selectively terminate power in certain areas ('rolling blackout'). Another solution, which is often preferable, is to lower the load by terminating selected energy intensive loads (e.g., A/C systems). One method of accomplishing this is for the power utility company to telephone selected customers and verbally request deactivation of A/C units at a specified time for a specified duration. Alternatively, the power utility company can request the customer to alter their power consumption in other ways. For example, the power company can request a customers to set A/C thermostats at a higher temperature.
Another method for reducing consumption involves an economic based incentive where usage rates may be increased during peak usage hours (e.g., typically during afternoon business hours). This relies on users to monitor their usage carefully and adjust their power consumption accordingly.
However, these schemes heretofore have relied on manual intervention. While many sophisticated control systems may be deployed to controlling loads, the inability to communicate and readily exchange information has hindered more efficient power load control approaches. The incorporation of 802.11X-based wireless capabilities offers the ability to overcome this problem in a cost effective manner, and allow full integration of remote management capabilities for power load control.
As used herein, 802.11X (upper case 'X') does not specifically refer to a task group within the 802.11 committee structure, nor a specific standard of a task group. While there is a set of capabilities known as 802.11x (lower case 'x'), which focuses on a method for transporting an authentication protocol between the client and access-point devices involving the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, the term 802.11X (upper case) as used herein refers to any of the protocols and procedures associated with the 802.11 wireless communications, including 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g and others (including 802.11x) that may be used singularly or in conjunction with each other. Further, even pre-cursor wireless protocols, such as "Bluetooth" are considered to be a variation of 802.11X-based protocols and thus within the scope of 802.11X.
The present inventions now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
Turning to
A host processor 6 is illustrated as connected via a communications facility 17 (such as a T1 communications line) to the Internet 10. The communication facility 17 can be any type of the high speed digital facilities commonly used. This architecture allows the user to seamlessly communicate using a TCP/IP connection 16 with the host 6.
This architecture can be adapted for remote energy management as illustrated in
"End device" as used herein is a generic descriptor for any type of device that initiates and terminates data transmitted to the on-premise processor. As used herein, an "end device" is not limited to the functionality of an end station as defined in the 802.11. architecture, but may incorporate additional functions, including applications for controlling loads, processing energy-related data and so forth. End devices may be embodied in various forms, typically by augmenting a controller of some sort with the capability to transmit and receive information using the appropriate 802.11X-based wireless standard. In this illustration, an intelligent A/C thermostat is an end device, and may comprise an A/C thermostat that has been adapted with a processor and programmed for allowing remote load management.
The second main component in the architecture embodied in
The third main component in the architecture is the host processor 6. This may be a computer, such as a PC, mini computer, or host server. It incorporates the typical hardware and software associated with a transaction oriented host processor, including a database for retaining address and data for numerous distinct and separate power loads. The host processor may be an integral part in controlling the power load, either directly or directly, in addition to performing other functions as will be discussed. The details of a host embodiment will be discussed subsequently.
In the embodiment illustrated in
The end device can also establish communications 9 with the host on a peer-to-peer basis. However, since the end device utilizes a limited power 802.11X-based wireless communication capability, the communications link between the end device and host may involve the OPP acting as a relay and/or a protocol converter. Because the radio range of the end device may be limited, the OPP facilitates communication with a distant host. Further, because the host may not implement any form of 802.11X-based wireless communication, the OPP acts to convert the wireless protocol into a protocol format recognized by the host, which may even be wireline based. This allows the host processor to be isolated from the changes in the 802.11X-based technology, and vice versa.
There are two main portions of the system comprising a host power meter 200 and the On Premise Processor 202, which is also referred to as an 'On Board Processor' because the processor is typically co-located with the same circuit board containing components associated with the meter. The OPP may be mounted on the same circuit board containing the other components or may be on a separate circuit board that 25 connects in some manner to another circuit board. The meter portion 200 obtains and retains power related measurements, including usage, status, and power quality measurements. It communicates with the OPP portion 202 via a defined interface 207. Although this may be embodied as a connector, it may also be embodied as a logical interface only. One aspects of the interface is that various types of data 206 are provided 30 from the meter to the OPP and the OPP may issue control commands 208 to the meter, such as providing data requested by a control command.
The OPP is controlled by a processor 210 which can be one of various types of microprocessor or microcontroller chips. The processor 210 typically interacts with memory 214 that includes both volatile 214a and non-volatile memory 214b. The processor also can communicate data to/from the host by using a wireless data transceiver 216 that sending/receiving data using radio waves using an antenna 218. The microprocessor 210 provides visual status indications via various status LEDs 212, which may facilitate diagnosing the status or condition of the system by service personnel. The processor 210 also interacts with various circuits to ensure continuous operation, namely a wakeup timer 224, a timer 222, and a CPU supervisor 220. The wakeup timer 224 ensures that the CPU exits a sleep mode after a reset has occurred. The timer 222 ensures the application executed by the CPU does not 'lock up' in an unknown state. If this occurs, the timer will function as a watchdog timer and reset the CPU. The timer 222 also functions to maintain real time so that elapsed time or current time may be noted by the microprocessor. Finally, the CPU supervisor 220 ensures that when a brownout or reset occurs, the restoral of the CPU occurs in an orderly manner, including that the input voltages are sufficient. The aforementioned system also incorporates a second transceiver 217 that incorporates an 802.11X-based protocol(s). This transceiver is used to transmit and receive data, with an end device. The 802.11X wireless transmit signal is limited to maximum power by the FCC and has a corresponding range which is typically less than the range of the host-OPP transceiver 216. The transceiver 216 typically uses a regulated frequency spectrum and a different power level. For example, host-OPP wireless communication may use digital cellular, WAP, or a paging protocols. Each of these operates on different frequencies with different operational characteristics.
As the embodiment of
The intelligent thermostat typically incorporates a display 260 that indicates the current and desired temperatures and the thermostat incorporates a temperature sensor 264 providing ambient temperature data. The temperature sensor 264 could provide digital values that the microprocessor scales to the appropriate temperature scale, or the temperature sensor may provide an analog voltage input which is converted to an analog to digital (A/D) converter, either incorporated into the microprocessor or by discrete A/D circuitry.
The microprocessor 210 controls an electronic switch 266 via a control interface 208. An alternative embodiment of the switch could be an electro-mechanical switch, such as a relay. Regardless, the switch 266 completes the circuit for a A/C load activation line so that the input A/C load Activation line 268 is connected to the output A/C load activation line 269. When the connection is completed, the load may be activated. In alternative embodiments, the completion of the connection byb the switch 266 may de-activate the load.
Starting at the top layer, the Energy Management Application 306a resides in the end device and communications with a peer application in the OPP, also an Energy Management Application 306b. Though the applications are peers, this does not necessarily mean that they contain identical functionality, just that they are designed to communicate with each other. For example, the OPP may issue a command to deactivate a load, and the end device will recognize and process the message. It does not necessarily follow that the end device has the capability to issue the same request to the OPP.
The communication between the peer entities is represented by the dotted line 301 between the two protocol stacks. Although not shown, typically similar peer-to-peer communication occurs between the other layers as well. For example, the End Device Energy Management Application 306a typically will request authorization to activate a load. The OPP Energy Management Application 306b is designed to receive such a request and provide a response. Further, the End Device Energy Management Application is designed to understand the response. Such applications may be defined for load management, requesting energy usage information, reporting energy related status conditions or data, and so forth. The communication capability is typically defined for accomplishing a specific application—in this embodiment, it is for energy management, but it could be used for process control systems, alarm conditions, asset tracking, etc.
The Energy Management Application layer 306 uses the services of the transaction protocol layer, 308a, 308b. The transaction protocol layer may be based on the X.408/409 remote operations protocol or any other transaction protocols, such as X.400 message handling, or IP. Other standard or proprietary protocols can be used. The transaction protocol typically conveys simple transactions, comprising a 'request' message and a 'response' message. In addition, some transaction protocols may allow multiple intermediate messages, such as 'continuation' messages. The transaction protocol defines the basic message structure, meaning, and procedures for requesting data and receiving the response. It also incorporates procedures for indicating the presence of errors in messages and requesting retransmission as well as acknowledging receipt of error free messages. It conveys messages defined by the Energy Management Application, so that the transaction protocol could convey requests for energy status and associated responses, or the transaction protocol could convey requests for any other application just as easily. Typically, the transaction protocol in the end device 308a has the same functionality as contained in the transaction protocol in the OPP 308b. Thus, these are typically peers.
Finally, the transaction protocol messages are conveyed using the IEEE 802.11X wireless protocol 310a, 310b. This could be, for example, 802.11b, 802.11g, or other versions. Even non-802.11X wireless protocols could be used, such the "Bluetooth" wireless standard. As described in the Background section, 802.11 provides a wireless LAN like capability allowing the OPP to readily communicate using radio signals with the end device. The 802.11X protocols are peers, and communicate using radio waves in a defined frequency spectrum that are represented as providing connectivity 309 between the two systems.
Because each protocol layer is modular, this facilitates implementation, interoperability, and lowers cost. Thus, implementing such a system can be accomplished by integrating 802.11X capabilities and transaction protocol software from different vendors, focusing on the application level functionality.
The transaction protocol layer 314a in the OPP and the host 314b may very well be the same as in the end device, but this is not required. Frequently, the OPP to host interaction may be more sophisticated and require additional transaction capability functions beyond that required for the OPP—end device interaction. It may be that the OPP—host transaction protocol layer is a superset from that implemented for end device-OPP communication.
The lowest level protocol layer in the OPP 316a and the host 316b are typically not the same as between the end device and OPP. The lower protocol layer in the host could be a wireline based protocol 316a, 316b. Examples include power line carrier systems or telephony based protocols. The wireline connectivity is represented by line 311. Alternatively, a wireless protocol could be used, potentially based on 802.11, cellular, paging, satellite or any other type of wireless communication capable of conveying data.
Again, protocol layers are used to provide modularity, so that a system incorporating OPP-Host communication can be adapted with minimal changes. For example, an OPP-Host communication system incorporating power line carrier lower protocol layers could be adapted to wireless communication by replacing the lower protocol layer without having to reprogram/modify the transaction protocol layer or the application layer. Other implementations may have additional layers, such as a network layer, for providing connections to a plurality of nodes on a network. For example, an OPP may desire to connect to one of several hosts, and this would require an addressing capability that may justify using a network layer protocol. This could be, for example, based on the IP protocol.
Turning to
In the embodiment of
A typical end device—host interaction starts with the end device energy management application 321a initiating a message that is conveyed by the transaction protocol 308a, which in turn is conveyed using a 802.11X-based 310a wireless protocol. This is wirelessly conveyed using radio waves 309 to the OPP. There, the radio waves are received by the 802.11X-based wireless protocol receiver protocol handler 310b that provides the information to the transaction protocol layer 308b, which in turn, provides the message to the energy management application 321b. At this point, the energy management application processes the energy management message, and determines the appropriate action. In this embodiment, the application determines the message is to be routed and relayed to be communicated to the host. Thus, the application in the OPP is involved in determining how to process the energy management application message. A corresponding energy management application 323a receives the message from the routing and relaying function 322 and formulates a message that is passed down to the transaction protocol layer 314a, which in turn passes it down to the wireline protocol layer 316a, which in this embodiment is a TCP/IP protocol. This is conveyed by a physical medium, such as a cable 311 and received by the host system wireline protocol handler 316b and passed up to the transaction protocol layer 314b, which is turn is passed up to the energy management application 323b.
In this embodiment, the communication 317 from the end device energy management application terminates in the OPP, but the OPP is "intelligent" enough to relay the message using a potentially different energy management application between the OPP and host. The communication between the OPP and host may involve a different application protocol than between the OPP and end device. As long as the OPP can handle the different end device protocols, it is possible for the host to implement only a single energy management application. For example, an OPP maybe deployed that handles two versions of an energy management application that are located in two different types of end devices. The OPP can handle either type of end device, or both, and convert messages from either end device to a single energy management protocol to the host processor. The OPP determines the appropriate protocol to use when communication with the end device based on the address of the end device. Thus, each time a new energy management protocol is introduced into an end-device, the host does not necessarily have to be upgraded, but the OPP must be upgraded. This may occur by downloading additional software to the OPP.
The embodiment of
Those skilled in the art of data communications will appreciate other variations are possible, and
The OPP may access a distribution network that is based on a variety of communication technologies. For example, a paging network 40 may be used to communicate information between the OPP and a host. Such technology has been developed and uses a two-way paging capability to send ASCII based messages between a power meter and host processor. The paging infrastructure is well known in the art, and provides low bandwidth data transfer to a large number of widely distributed paging terminals. This distribution network requires compliance with the appropriate FCC regulations regarding transmission of information in the specific frequency band.
The OPP 4 alternatively can communicate to the host computer using a power line carrier network 42. This network provides communication using the power line infrastructure as the physical medium for transferring data using a high frequency carrier signal. Although various limitations may be present due to various power components affecting the signal, this network is well known in the art as well. This network also has the advantage that every residential and commercial location with power from a power utility has connectivity via the power distribution network. Thus, the power distribution infrastructure itself can be used to convey power load management information.
The OPP 4 could also use the telephone network 44 to convey information to a host, using well-known modems for data transfer. Typically, a bandwidth of 56 kps is available using low cost modem technologies that are well known in the art. Typically, locations having access to power service also have access to telephone service, though the power meter may not necessarily be conveniently located to the appropriate telephone line.
The OPP 4 could also the use cable network 46 to convey information to the host 6. The cable network is frequently available in urban residential locations. The OPP may access the cable network by having a physical connection to the cable network or communicate using 802.11X-based wireless protocols to a cable set top box interworking data to an IP service provided on cable, typically using an industry standard cable modem standard (e.g., DOCSIS).
Finally, the OPP 4 could access the host 6 using a cellular/PCS network. These wireless networks are also fairly ubiquitous. While providing voice service, they have been adapted to provide data transfer, e.g., via GPRS protocols, EDGE protocols, Short Messaging Service, cellular data modems, etc. The use of wireless cellular/PCS capabilities requires an appropriate transceiver integrated into the OPP, and requires appropriate FCC regulatory approval.
Each of the above schemes has relative advantages and disadvantages. For example, some schemes require regulatory approval or equipment certification (e.g., transmitting on a specified radio frequency) and require that the equipment be certified for use on that frequency. Other schemes may require local wiring, for example physical connection of a phone line or cable line to the OPP. This may increase installation costs as the access from the telephone line or cable drop may not always be nearby to the power meter. Further, not all types of distribution networks may be available in the desired service area (e.g., cable service may not be available in rural or industrial areas). Finally, certain schemes may be more operationally difficult to install or maintain.
Another embodiment of a distribution network is shown in
In this particular embodiment, the end device 2 is within the transmission range of an OPP 4a. The transmission range is illustrated for the OPP 4a using a circle 5. This represents the range of the OPP for a given transmitter power level. Thus, if end-device transmitting is within the range 5 of the OPP 4a, then the end device will be able to communicate with the OPP, and vice versa.
The end device is illustrated as just within the range 5 of the OPP 4a. In turn, OPP 4a is able to communicate to OPP 4b since they are within communication range of each other, which in turn is able to communicate to OPP 4c, then to another OPP 4d, then to another OPP 4e, then in turn, finally to the host 6. The mesh network can be modeled in a number of ways from a protocol layering perspective. For example, the mesh network 20 may function in the aggregate as the single OPP comprising the protocol stack 302a, 302b of
This scheme requires less regulatory compliance compared to other forms of wireless transmission since the 802.11X-based suite of protocols operates in the unlicensed frequency band. However, FCC regulations still require transmission within certain power levels. The typical range of such units is flexible and depends on the power levels and transmission bandwidth. As the number of OPPs is deployed, the average distance to the nearest OPP decreases and the required power levels can be decreased.
Typically, the TCP/IP protocol is used for addressing messages between the various elements. The 802.11X-based suite of protocols is based on using TCP/IP and incorporates the well-known IP addressing scheme using MAC (media access control) addresses. MAC addresses uniquely identify a node on a LAN, and
The energy management host computer 6 is further defined in
The processing system 72 is also connected to a communication interface 71, which in turn connects to the distribution network 54. Since a variety of distribution network technologies may be used, the communication interface 71 allows the remainder of the host processing system, namely processing system 72, to be independent of the particular distribution network used.
The processing system 72 also accesses a database 75 for storing meter-reading data. Typically, meter-reading data are stored on a historical and present basis. Historical data may be stored in a separate database with slower performance requirements. Present data is typically accessible on a real time basis, since information of current usage is typically compared with recent past usage in previous years. Thus, the storage and reliability requirements may be different.
A typical record format 80 stored in the database 75 is illustrated in
The host may maintain in each record a load restriction status 87. This field indicates whether the customer is participating in a load reduction program. Specifically, if 'allowed', the customer is willing to receive and act upon a load reduction request in exchange, potentially, for a favorable billing rate. In
Also included for each meter are various meter-reading data. For example, column 85 indicates the first reading, and the next column 86 indicates the next meter reading, and so on. Typically, a finite time period of data is retained (e.g., the 12-24 months) in the present database. For example, the meter of row 81d has an initial reading of 34.5 units measured at 12:48 p.m. on Jun. 3, 2003 85d. The meter reading data typically includes the current reading and the time and date the reading occurred. Other variations on the data structure are possible. Although the embodiment of
Now that the communications architecture and host processing system have been discussed, various energy management applications are presented. One such application is the limiting of power consumption by major power loads. Typically the power utility companies maintain a list of large power consumption users. If power consumption within a region reaches a threshold, the power utility will typically telephone these customers and request that they voluntarily lower their power consumption. This typically occurs by the customer voluntarily turning off loads, such as air conditioning systems, for a limited time.
Power companies may offer reduced rates to customers if customers voluntarily reduce their consumption when requested. The procedures for reducing power consumption is largely a manual process, and automated procedures using the aforementioned architecture would facilitate such situations.
When the circumstances require, the host 6 issues a 'power demand status' indicator 93 that is communicated to a target OPP 4. The communication may occur using a variety of the distribution networks identified, such as the aforementioned paging network, and using either standard or proprietary signaling. The message is sent from the host to the OPP and terminated at the OPP. The message 93 may include a time duration indicating a default duration or requested time duration (e.g., four hours) that the power restriction procedures are in place. The OPP has a timer so that the appropriate amount of time can be determined. Alternatively or in addition, a follow up message terminating the power restrictions can be issued by the host. The recording of the status indication as well as each customer'"'"'s response can be incorporated into each embodiment, but is only illustrated in this embodiment for brevity. In this embodiment, the OPP is integrated into the power meter and is able to control the flow of power as required in various applications. The 'power demand status' indicates the presence of a 'high power demand' condition. This is triggered when power demand is, or is projected to, exceed a pre-set threshold. The receipt of this message by the OPP in this embodiment does not result in termination of power by the power meter. Rather, the OPP simply records this status in order to respond to a request from a load controller for permission to activate a load. Similarly, the host can reset the power demand status (indicating the absence of a 'high power demand' condition) by sending a subsequent message altering the status indicated.
The 'power load' in
Whenever the intelligent thermostat 2 determines that load activation is appropriate, it will first initiate a "request message" 90 to the OPP requesting authorization to turn on. Since the intelligent thermostat does not know the power demand status, it must first check with the OPP. The OPP 4 receives the request and reads the current power demand status indication that it previously received from the host, which is stored in non-volatile memory. The OPP processes the request 91 and responds to the controller with a "response message" 92. The "response message" may indicate authorization or denial to activate the load.
This energy management communication architecture supports two different energy management schemes. In the first scheme, the OPP has absolute control over whether the intelligent thermostat can activate its load or not. The "response message" directly controls the operation of the end device. In some scenarios, this type of energy management may be desirable. However, there are numerous applications in which the customer would like to chose whether they would voluntarily comply with the request to lower power consumption or not. In this second architecture, the 'response message' indicating authorization or denial to activate a load is only an advisory indication from the OPP. The intelligent thermostat after becoming aware of the status, then determines on its own whether to activate the load or not. This allows the customer to have final control over any voluntary reduction of load consumption.
The architecture presented in
Another variation of the previous control architecture involves the end device querying the OPP prior to load activation, but the OPP defaults to authorizing activation unless a power restriction indication has been received from the host. If a power restriction indication was received, the OPP will initiate a query to the host indicating the particular end device that is requesting load activation. The host response is received and relayed by the OPP to the end device. In this manner, the host is not burdened with handling load activation request until the host first notifies the OPP. However, the OPP is burdened with processing messages from the end device. Similarly, once conditions warrant, the host can indicate the absence of a power restriction to the OPP, where after the OPP defaults to approving load requests from the end device.
Whereas the OPP in
In other embodiments, the host system can also provide data to the OPP that is used by the OPP to process requests subsequently received by the OPP for yet another variation of energy management. For example, an 'intelligent' appliance may obtain power rate information prior to activating itself. Such rate information could include times when 'off-peak' and 'peak' billing rates occur. Specifically, an appliance or power load may initiate a query for information regarding current power rates and use such information in determining whether to activate the power load. Many appliances, such as A/C units, refrigerators, and dishwashers may be able to defer activation for a short time period if power rates are reduced in the near future. This is embodied in
Subsequently, the intelligent appliance 126 illustrated here as a dishwasher, initiates a query 122 requesting information regarding the rate status. As with the other embodiments, the communication typically occurs using one of the 802.11X-based suite of wireless protocols. The OPP 4 receiving the message performs internal processing 121 to retrieve the rate information stored. The OPP 4 then generates a response message 124 containing the rate data. The OPP may provide a subset of the rate data in the response, e.g. only that data of the schedule pertaining to future times. Upon receipt of the rate data, the intelligent appliance 126 processes the rate data 125 to determine whether it should self activate or defer self activation until an 'off-peak' rate occurs. In this manner, information from the power system management host 6 can be disseminated to a plurality of OPPs, which in turn disseminates the information to an end device allowing the end device to determine whether it should activate or defer activation of a power load.
Another variation of the end device obtaining rate information is possible in which the end device sends a query for rate information to the OPP, and the OPP relays the request to the host. The host responds to the OPP and in turn, the OPP relays the response to the end device. This message flow would be analogous to the message flow of
The aforementioned system is not limited to energy management for load activation, but can also be used to read data from an electrical meter, or other types of meters. One such embodiment is illustrated in
Other variations are possible. For example, in
Assuming the OPP 4 acknowledgement message indicates compliance is expected, at some time the host may issue a load deactivation notification 134 requesting immediate shut down of all loads. After interacting with the power meter to effect the termination of any power at the output of the meter, the OPP issues an acknowledgement message 135 indicating that the power load has been terminated. The host then records this information and may sequence through other OPPs to reduce additional loads until the necessary overload to the power grid is reduced.
The above sequence can be adapted to accomplish deactivation of a meter, typically for non-payment or normal termination of service. A similar 'activation' sequence could be used to activate a meter for establishment of service. This would facilitate normal activation/termination of power service and avoid a service call to the location.
In each of the energy management schemes, variations are possible that are included within the principles of the present invention. For example, although embodiments incorporating an intelligent thermostat are disclosed, the system could apply to any type of electrical controller, including solenoids, mechanical switches, or solid state relays or other electronic components. The power load activated is not limited to motors in A/C units, but any type of motor in a device, including a pump, compressor, machine, drive unit, material handling system, etc. The controller is not limited to controlling power loads, but may control the flow of liquids, gases, or solids through valves, manifolds, gates, or various types of material handling devices. The controller can control industrial machines, processes, lighting, sensors, detectors, or other type of devices. The control mechanism can control access to locations, authorization activation of security systems, or activation of an industrial process. The system can be used to activate/deactivate a device, such that the unit could be taken 'off-line' if necessary. The unit can be remote activated once service is restored.
Although the embodiment discloses a residential type power meter, the OPP could be standalone or integrated into valves, machines, or any of the various types of controllers. The system may be used to read or write data from a particular device, such as reading meter data, including obtaining readings from water or gas utility meters. The information obtained may be usage data, status indications, or periodic usage or rate of use information. Information other than usage that may be obtained by a meter or device can be reported or read to/by the host computer, including water line or gas line pressure readings, line voltage, line voltage dips, voltage frequency, or any other measurable parameter.


text:
This is a wonderful Fall scene in the Midwest of a pond surrounded by the beautiful elm trees. A friend asked me to do this picture from a photo he took. And I must say, he was very happy with the results. You too can escape away to Fall days where the leaves cover the ground like a carpet and the ducks play in a nearby pond. I hope your drawing will give you pleasure as much as a beautiful Fall day can.
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subset: commoncrawl


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OCEAN CITY – In a situation that would be comical if it weren't so serious, an attempted armed robbery at a resort department store was thwarted this week when the clerk, a foreign seasonal worker, allegedly could not decipher the suspect's note demanding money.
Resort police this week are searching for man who attempted to rob the Rose's department store in the old Ocean Plaza Mall on Monday night. Police responded to the store after receiving a call around 7:15 p.m. According to police reports, the suspect entered the store and proceeded to one of the cash registers where he presented the cashier a note demanding money.
The note indicated the suspect was armed with a handgun. The cashier, a Russian woman working in Ocean City for the summer, explained to the suspect she could not read the note and did not understand what he wanted. The cashier said she did not see a weapon, but described a bulge in the suspect's waistband.
The suspect became frustrated with the communication breakdown and left the store, but not before leaving a key piece of evidence behind. The video tape of the incident captured by the store's surveillance system clearly shows the clerk throw up her hands as if to indicate she didn't understand the note, at which point the clearly frustrated suspect tore up the note and deposited it in a trash can next to the check-out line.
Police recovered the torn up note and were analyzing it this week for finger prints or any other information that might lead to the suspect. The video tape also shows the suspect entering the store at the same time as another man, but police are not certain if the second man is involved in the attempted armed robbery.
While the videotape of the incident appears to indicate the foreign cashier did not understand the note or what the suspect was demanding of her, presumably because of the language barrier, the statement she wrote out for police following the incident appears to indicate she knows and understands more English than she let on. The witness statement was perfectly legible and written in clear, concise English, according to police officials, so it remains a possibility she feigned ignorance to throw off the suspect.
In any event, OCPD detectives are seeking the suspect, who is described as a white male in his mid-20s, short and thin in stature with a dark complexion. He has brown hair in a pony tail and light facial hair. The suspect has a large tattoo on his left arm from the wrist to the bicep. The cashier described the tattoo as having skulls and dragons.
Anyone with information on the incident is encouraged to call 410-723-6604.


text:
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It's hard to imagine that our written words of encouragement to our children can act as a lifelong inspiration to them.
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text:
Heart procedure gives doctors, patients options
FDA approves procedure for patients not qualifying for open-heart surgery
A unique treatment is giving new life to heart patients who had few options, if any.
Bob Smejkal said he has more energy than he's had in years, thanks to a special heart procedure. The 87-year-old recently underwent a trans-catheter aortic valve replacement, or TAVR.
"I'd say anybody that passes this up is making a big mistake," Smejkal said.
In a TAVR procedure, doctors said, a patient gets all the benefits of open-heart surgery without a chest incision.
"I go through the groin and take the catheter, take the valve up, stretch it open and this new valve takes over," said Alegent Creighton Health cardiologist Ruby Satpathy.
Satpathy said it's a shorter procedure and patients have a faster recovery.
The procedure was approved by the Food and Drug Administration late last year for patients who do not qualify for open-heart surgery, either because of age or medical complications.
"We do have an option for these patients now," Satpathy said.
Smejkal said the procedure has changed his life. He'd been slowing down and just wasn't himself.
"Over a two-year period, I quit cutting grass," Smejkal said. "Kids said, 'Don't get him on a ladder because he'll fall off,' which I did a couple times anyhow."
But Smejkal isn't wasting any time getting back on his feet.
"I'm getting more strength now," Smejkal said.
In the past few weeks, TAVR has been FDA-approved for high-risk patients, giving even more people another option over open-heart surgery.
To find out whether you're a good match, call 402-398-5880 to schedule an evaluation.


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Analytical rundown of Global Cavitation Devices Market with an elaboration of current market trends, leading segments, potential, scope, and growth prospects.
The Global Cavitation Devices Market research report delivers precise evaluation and authentic predictions for essential facets in the global Cavitation Devices industry. The report mainly intends to offer a thorough analysis of dominant market participants, competitive landscape, market size, share, profitability, and attractiveness. The most influential factors in the market including dynamics, driving forces, restraints, and limitations are also highlighted in the global Cavitation Devices market report.
Scope of the global Cavitation Devices market study:
Sample Global Cavitation Devices Market Report 2019
The report illuminates the historical and existing status of the market and derives reliable forecast estimations based on market size, shares, product demand, sales volume, and revenue. It offers a profound overview of the market that comprises market establishment, definitions, market scope, and futuristic performance. The report also provides valuable evaluations by employing SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, and Feasibility analysis.
Detailed analysis of leading vendors in the global Cavitation Devices market:
- Cheng Fluid Systems Inc.
- Furness-Newburge
- Sugino Corp.
- New Source Technology
- Ppb
- Cavitation Technologies
- Arisdyne Systems
- Advanced Sonic Processing Systems
- Sonaer
While several Cavitation Devices manufacturers/companies are performing in the global Cavitation Devices industry, some of them are dominating the market with their robust performance, revenue earnings, and larger customer base, that leading market participants have been analyzed in the report. The companies are continuously striving to satisfy the overall demand for the Cavitation Devices regionally and globally and to strengthen their footholds at both levels. They are mainly focused on innovations, new product developments, and research activities.
The report aims to deliver thorough enlightenment based on participants' financial ratios, capital investments, cash flows, Cavitation Devices sales volume, revenue outcomes, profitability, gross margin, and growth rate. It also elaborates on their production processes, plant locations, manufacturing capacities, product specifications, raw material sourcing, distribution network, and global reach. Industry players often adopt diverse business strategies to place strong challenges for their competitors, which includes business expansions, product launches, brand developments, and promotional activities.
Sample Global Cavitation Devices Market Report 2019
Global Cavitation Devices market segmentation analysis in brief:
The global Cavitation Devices market has been divided into a number of crucial segments such as types, regions, applications, end-users, and technologies. The report elaborates on each market segment and offers a valuable forecast for their profitability and attractiveness. It also considers active regions such as North America, Europe, the Middle East, South America, Asia Pacific, and Oceania with its market growth momentum.
The report also underscores the global industry environment that consists of factors including provincial trade policies and frameworks, as well as regulatory, social, political, and economic concerns that may pose severe effects on market growth. The report eventually offers intelligence counsel to market participants to help them in making informed business decisions.
Market Research Explore holds keen intrest in providing report customization services to fulfil addition requirments of our clients. In case of any qurey for report customization get connected with us at email@example.com.


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Available in 13" to 16" size range, this tyre uses sipes and grooves on the center to properly evacuate water. This translates into superior wet grip. Solid shoulder blocks improve the cornering capabilities and keep the vehicle stable.
Ideal for- City use and occasional highway runs
Key Features & Benefits
- Low rolling resistance provides for improved fuel efficiency
- Reinforced sidewall improve the durability of the tyre
- Extra rubber provides for good resistance to cuts and abrasions
- Sipes and grooves provide for superior wet grip
- Wide contact patch provides for better steering response
- Width185
185 is the width in millimetres of the tyres cross section.
- Aspect Ratio60
60 is the Aspect Ratio, it is the ratio of the sidewall height to the cross section width.
- ConstructionR
Radial construction. R stands for radial-ply construction.
- Rim15
15 inches, stands for the diameter of the wheel that the tyre is designed to fit.
- Load Rating84
84 (500 kg) is the load index i.e. the maximum weight each tyre can carry at full speed.
- Speed RatingT
T (190 kmph) is the speed rating i.e. the maximum speed for the tyre at full load.


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Puzzle Levels
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Download a FREE Solution for your puzzles!
Write your own review! Request the FREE solution for this item!
Don't Count on It - Raffia
Currency Converter: * Exchange rates shown above are estimates only, and may vary slightly from the rates charged by PayPal or your Credit Card Company.
Product Information
|Open the Box
|Level 8 - Demanding
|Family Games
|Puzzle Boxes / Trick Boxes, Other Wood Puzzles
|8 1/8 in x 4 in x 3/4 in / 20.7 cm x 9.9 cm x 1.9 cm
|Cardboard Box
Product Description
Instead of giving money in a plain white envelope, slip it into this crafty wooden puzzler and watch the recipient turn green!
Fits gift certificates, concert, airline or lottery tickets, paper money, greeting cards, paychecks...
Detailed instructions included. Measures 8 1/8 in x 4 in x 3/4 in / 20.7 cm x 9.9 cm x 1.9 cm.
Customer Reviews |Write your own review!
Disclaimer: These reviews are written by our customers. Puzzle Master makes every attempt to keep these posts informative and relevant. If you find a post objectionable or inappropriate, please let us know by sending an email to email@example.com
This money holder is constructed well. It's just not fun to play with. I suppose it's a puzzle - the trick is to figure out how to open it. The problem is this: the box is packaged and shipped with the lid off, so you have to close the box before you can actually try to open it. But with the lid open, the trick to the puzzle is revealed. So there's no mystery as to how the puzzle works. So if you intend to give this away as a money holder, it may serve its purpose. I did try to open the box following the instructions that were included, and I wasn't successful. I may have to try the other reviewer's method.
I am 12 and it only took me 30 min to figure it out!!I some open it by breaking it but i did it the right way. ~first find the right side and stand it ~ then grab a bar magnet and slide it slowly upward ~let go and look to see if the metal pieces are still there. if they are that's good. ~do the same w/ the other side and then open it up to get ur treasure. sadly mine did not have any thing it it. Ow well!! have fun and GOOD LUCK!!!!!!
How do you open the 'don't count on it' box?


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Something of an anomaly, this: New York's Panthers aren't known, at all, for fitting with commercial trends - their forthcoming Things Are Strange is harDCore with an Icarus Line intensity via Dead Meadow's dronescapes - yet 'Thanks For The Simulacra' is the greatest punk-funk single to hit shelves this year.
Deplore that pigeonholing with all you have if you must, but this _is_ some truly punky funk, albeit courtesy of Jesse Keeler's MSTRKRFT remix. The man best know as fifty per cent of Canadian full-throttle rockers Death From Above 1979 has twisted Panthers' original into a Rapture-plays-Daft Punk, slap-bass-happy dancefloor anthem, all coo-along vocal harmonies and incessant party beats. If DFA1979 expanded their minimalist ranks, a song like this could conceivably be the result.
The original, for the curious, is a little meatier: guitars are manhandled 'til they cry feedback-soaked mercy and vocalist Jayson Green spits 'n' hollers rhetoricals with absolute menace. However good it is, though, it's no potential anthem in the making. Turn on the remix, turn it up and get the fu(n/c)k down.
8Mike Diver's Score


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If your side panel door is rusted, dented, twisted or otherwise damaged you can either have it expensively repaired, or you can replace it with a new one! For this reason we have numerous different types of side panel doors reproduced in high quality available at unbeatable prices.
The side panel door for the Vespa 50-125 PV/ET3 models including the lever fastening mechanism, are available primed, ready to paint. The side panel doors we have in stock with the lockable fastening mechanism are available as a chromed design. The side panel door for the first and second series of the Vespa 50 N models are noticeably smaller than those on later models, which is also a quick and reliable method of identification of these particular models. The side panel door, for both the left and right hand sides of the Vespa PK50-125 S/XL/XL2 models are available as a chromed version or primed.
The dimensions of the chromed variety do not correspond 100% to those found on the original item. This creates a slight gap between the cover itself and the bodywork when it is closed, but this is regrettably the only chromed cover currently available for this scooter.
Conclusion: Ideal replacements for rusted or dented side panel doors.
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Wednesday, April 27, 2011
Forge: The Worst X-Man Ever
Did it annoy me when he constantly said "Plasma coil charged" as my buddy Jordan and I played X-Men: Mutant Academy 2 in college? A bit. Despite Chris Claremont's best efforts do I remain more or less unconvinced that his mutant power of being able to build cool stuff is of any use in actual combat situations? For the most part. Do I feel that fringed cowboy boots and a ponytail clash with the standard blue and gold X-Men uniform? Y'know what, jury's out on that one.
But ultimately, I don't have strong feelings towards Forge, and those I do have tend towards thinking he's not a bad character with some good stories to his credit—he was awesome in Lifedeath and was actually quite a stud in my beloved Muir Island Saga—and untapped potential for somebody with a good idea.
However, simply observing objectively, he is the worst X-Man of all-time in terms of damage done to the team. Forge makes Dark Phoenix look like a drunk girl who knocked over a drink and then passed out as far as being a plague upon his own allies.
Let's examine (and to be nice I'm even going to jump right over the part where his entire platoon died in Vietnam and his response was to go nuts, order a bombing of the area, and use a Cheyenne spell to unwittingly unleash The Adversary—I'm glossing over that):
After Tony Stark stopped making weapons for S.H.I.E.L.D. because he was a on a peace kick, Forge subbed in and designed some goodies including a power neutralizing thing meant to be used on Dire Wraiths but that Henry Peter Gyrich co-opted to de-power mutants with. To his credit, Forge wasn't pleased with this decision—y'know, being a mutant and all—but his good intentions didn't help Storm when she got zapped by the device trying to protect Rogue and lost her powers as a result. Forge actually attempted to romance the now former X-Man and did a decent job of it until she realized it was kinda his fault she lost her powers. Whoops.
Forge did a decent job making amends in the war with the Wraiths and even got Storm her powers back, but then that pesky Adversary, the Native American god of evil he had freed awhile back—said I wasn't going to mention it, but just realized it's kind of crucial—showed up to try and destroy the world. Fortunately Forge had a solution: He could reverse the spell and banish The Adversary, he just needed nine people to sacrifice their lives, and wouldn't you know it, there were eight X-Men and Madelyne Pryor.
So yeah, Forge totally killed the X-Men. They got better, but it bears repeating: Of all the enemies the X-Men have faced over the years, only one has ever killed all of them and it was Forge.
Being the forgiving types, after they came back from the dead, the X-Men let Forge join the team, but since he wasn't much good in a fight other than to get them killed or take away their powers, they smartly relegated him to "Mansion Support Staff"—the way you let the scrawny kid be the mascot—where he promptly blew his one responsibility and allowed Professor X and Moira MacTaggert to be captured by Magneto, who just wrenched the room they were in into space while our buddy was out for a stroll.
Years later, long after leaving the X-Men and getting dumped by Storm then Mystique then Mystique again, Forge popped back up as a mentor to some of Xavier's younger students, like Surge, and the go-to tech guy for the team; it was honestly a great and useful role for him. Of course the poor bastard still couldn't catch a break and was attacked by Nimrod, who revealed an alternate reality Forge had created him; the New X-Men saved our guy, but in the process he sent Nimrod back in time to menace the X-Men in the first place, creating one of their deadliest foes essentially twice (I think; it was a rad story, but truth be told I got confused at parts).
Somewhat understandably, Forge seemed to want to be left alone after this, probably realizing he was as much a danger to the X-Men as they were to him, but Bishop needed his time machine, so he gave him a concussion and took off with it. After this, our boy went a bit batty and locked himself in his house (literally).
Most recently, a completely unhinged Forge—at least partially round the bend because Storm married The Black Panther—came up with a plan to save the world from an other-dimensional invasion by sending the X-Men on a suicide mission; when they turned down that offer, he nearly blew up the planet by opening a portal, but fortunately Beast shot a big laser through it and ended the invasion threat. There was a big explosion afterward and Forge may or may not have died in what would have been possibly the ultimate mercy killing for both him and the X-Men.
In short: took away Storm's powers, brought a ridiculously powerful bad guy to Earth, killed the X-Men, got Professor X kidnapped, created another ridiculously powerful bad guy, allowed Bishop to pursue Cable and the potential mutant messiah through time by not paying attention, tried to kill the X-Men again, then nearly destroyed the world before getting killed in an explosion.
Did I mention he killed the X-Men?
Forge: A snappy dresser, but seriously, the worst X-Man ever.
23 comments:
- Jason Kerouac said...
I love you, man
- April 27, 2011 at 1:25 AM
Forge is the Hank Pym of the X-Men.
- April 27, 2011 at 10:25 AM
- Brandon said...
Can't argue with that.
- April 27, 2011 at 10:45 AM
- Nick Marino said...
I love Forge.
- April 27, 2011 at 10:48 AM
- Martin Gray said...
Not when you consider the likes of Marrow, Maggott and Stacy X. Fun piece!
- April 27, 2011 at 11:15 AM
- Scott said...
I also think that Forge is one of the greatest foes the X-Men have ever seen. You forgot to mention that time when Forge teamed up with Banshee to make a team of "X-Men" on Muir Isle, and led them to slaughter as they took on The Reavers and Freedom Force.
- April 27, 2011 at 11:20 AM
- Ben Morse said...
That's true, I forgot he got Sunder killed!
See, the thing is, Martin, while the folks you listed may have been relatively useless, they didn't cause the X-Men any harm, they just took up roster spots for a bit. Maggott never got anybody killed and Stacy X didn't create Bastion.
- April 27, 2011 at 12:30 PM
While Forge may be the reigning champion in endangering his teammates (Prof. X is a close second - Onslaught, Danger, etc.), Maggot takes the title for sheer lameness.
- April 27, 2011 at 12:39 PM
- Ben Morse said...
Lamest X-Man is a whole other post.
- April 27, 2011 at 12:42 PM
- Martin Gray said...
Surely 'lamest X-Man' will always go to Professor X?
Er, can I say that?
And you're right Ben, Forge is the biggest menace!
- April 27, 2011 at 12:48 PM
- David Gallaher said...
I love Forge, he and Banshee went on a roadtrip to find the X-Men. I'll always love the both of them for that.
- April 27, 2011 at 2:10 PM
- Ben Morse said...
They never even found them, David! THEY NEVER EVEN FOUND THEM!
- April 27, 2011 at 2:49 PM
And ultimate forge built that thingy for magneto he used to ruin the ultimate universe and kill all the x-men!
- April 27, 2011 at 4:36 PM
- Alexander Lorenzen said...
In that second picture he looks like Sinestro/Frenchie/Beetlejuice but fruitier.
- April 28, 2011 at 8:14 PM
- HardtravelingHero said...
Awesome analysis. Want more.
- April 29, 2011 at 8:48 PM
- Ben Morse said...
Thanks! I may have to figure this out for other teams. Watch out, Doctor Druid!
- April 29, 2011 at 10:31 PM
- Lazarus Lupin said...
Maybe Hank Pym, Forge, and Dr. Druid can all get together and just fargle the entire marvel universe.
Lazarus Lupin
art and review
- April 30, 2011 at 7:12 PM
Stacy X was a real X-woman...
- May 22, 2011 at 3:11 PM
- www.publicidad.org.es said...
Quite useful material, thanks so much for the post.
- October 10, 2011 at 4:47 PM
- Maciej Pałka said...
My favorite X-man!
- October 10, 2013 at 4:17 PM
I'm (multiple years) late to comment on this, but I think Forge also caused Archangel to be captured by some cult by throwing a power dampening belt on him when they were hunting him.
- March 27, 2014 at 11:01 PM
- Liza said...
In a school function my son got a dress code. He is looking for a dress of any x men characters but not finding anything of his size. I really wish I could find one that will make him happy.
- December 7, 2014 at 4:02 AM
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- April 21, 2017 at 4:03 AM


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Quote from: Mandoli on August 13, 2009, 01:41:47 AMCongrats on 80k, puddin. Dang! Thanks Mandy I do not keep track anymore, lol by the way you rock!
Congrats on 80k, puddin.
Thanks Will .. and let me rant .. cripes these fish are getting old
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Comedian Mike Polk Jr., author of "Damn Right I'm from Cleveland," will visit the Kent State University Bookstore in the Kent Student Center from noon to 2 p.m. Thursday to greet fans and autograph copies of his book. The event is free and open to the public.
Polk's book is a rustbelt satire lampooning Cleveland's quirks, including the city's boundless obsession with disappointing sports teams, its nonstop quest to reinvent its civic image, and a grab-bag collection of odd local celebrities.
Mike Polk Jr. is a Cleveland-based writer and comedian. He graduated from KSU in 2002 with a degree in communications and wrote for the Daily Kent Stater.
For more information about the event, call 330-672-1588. For more information about Polk's book, visit www.MikePolkJr.com.


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Comedian and accomplished actress (and producer, Golden Globes host, writer, director and all-around awesome person) Amy Poehler was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame Thursday in Los Angeles, and with the help of friends Mike Schur and Rashida Jones, Poehler's celebration of such an achievement was both heartfelt and, obviously, pretty hilarious.
After Schur agreed that Poehler was indeed the 2,566th best actress in America, Jones took the podium and clarified that she and her "Parks and Recreation" co-star aren't actually friends, but she showed up because a good friend of Poehler's dropped out last minute. She then proceeded to read a speech from said-friend, who happened to be Johnny Depp.
The lengthy letter, which opened with "my golden haloed-angel baby," included a lot of detail about "his" love for Poehler, and Rashida decided to end it before things got weird. Then it was Poehler's turn to speak.
U.S. & World
"I've been told I'm in-between Roseanne Barr and Sally Field, which also describes my career in a way, if I play my cards right. I wanna share a story with you from this morning," she began.
"I woke up and I felt so excited to be here with my friends and family and I had tea with my family and I received a text from Carol Burnett, which was really exciting and I'm front-door bragging about that, she did text me this morning. We're friends. I have her number. And she said, 'Best of luck on getting your star.' Then I went to the gas station and as I was pumping my gas, I left my wallet on the roof of my car, and I drove away, and I thought I had lost my wallet forever, but it was returned to me just an hour ago from a charming, slim gentleman who works at Ford models, who goes by the name of Dilly. And I tell you this story to remind us that people can be good, that no one can do it alone, and I still pump my own gas"
Poehler continued by thanking a number of her colleagues and friends before acknowledging her family and upbringing. "Growing up as a daughter of two public school teachers, I knew very little about Hollywood or Los Angeles and I'd never seen the Walk of Fame. I had no brush with greatness. I knew no one that was an actor or writer. I never imagined I would be here, truly. It's a genuine honor."
And she made sure to give an extra special (and sweet) shout out to her two young boys, Abel and Archie. "Thanks for coming to this weird thing, and thank you for understanding all the time when I have to go to work. I really appreciate it. You guys are awesome guys. Thank you for filling me with love and laughter every day."
Poehler and Tina Fey are set to host the "Saturday Night Live" holiday special on December 19 on NBC.
WATCH: Tina Fey & Amy Poehler Play the "Most Likely" Game With E! News and the Results May Surprise You


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|Hopewell Junction, NY
|High School:
|John Jay
2011-12: Received All-NEC Second Team honors finishing fifth overall at the conference tournament, her top finish of the season...Played in 24 of 26 rounds for the Blue Devils...Led the team in average score with an 80.8 as well as top-ten finishes with five...In 24 rounds she recorded 1,938 strokes...Her lowest round score came in the second round of the C&F Bank Invitational where she wrote in a team-best 73.
2010-11: Finished tied for sixth at the NEC Championships, while shooting a team-low 234…Led the team in average score and top-10 finishes with four…Played every round for the Blue Devils…Recorded 1,859 strokes over 22.5 rounds for a 82.6 average score…Captured fourth place at the Blue Devil Shoot Out for her best finish of the season…Season low round of 75 came in the final round of the conference championship.
2009-10: Played in 16 rounds for Central as a freshman...Won the CCSU Shootout scoring a 79...Placed 13th at the Northeast Conference Championships where she carded a three-round score of 250...Over 1,336 strokes, she averaged a score of 83.5 and placed in the top-ten three times.
Before Central: Captained John Jay golf team for three years...Won all of her individual matches during junior and senior seasons...Placed second in the New York State Public High School Athletic Association Girls Golf Championships...Named to the Poughkeepsie Journal First Team All-Star for three years and was name Player of the Year twice.