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- Home
- 'Show Your Stripes' 36-inch Tree Rose
Unique and beautiful bi-colored blooms.
|Item Form
|36-Inch Bareroot Tree
|5 - 9
|Bloom Size
|3.5 in - 4 in
|Bloom Color
|Dark Magenta, Dark Purple, Light Pink, Mix, Variegated, White
|Bud Shape
|Classic, Pointed
|Flower Shape
|Double, High-centered
|Foliage Color
|Glossy, Medium Green
|Light Requirements
|Full Sun
|Moisture Requirements
|Moist, well-drained
|Disease Resistant
|Soil Tolerance
|Normal, loamy
| *Due to state restrictions we cannot ship to the following:
Canada, Guam, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
Bareroot, Own Root & Container
Have you browsed through your favorite gardening catalog or website looking for the newest roses to plant in your garden and wondered whether it would be best to choose bareroot roses or those in nursery pots? Or does it matter? If you're like most rose gardeners, this question has come up at one point or another. And we want to help you find the answer as to what's the best for you and your garden.
Bareroot roses are an inexpensive and easy option for early-season planting. In fact, late winter is the best time to plant. Bareroot roses meet the highest industry standards. They arrive dormant, which makes them ideal for planting. The roots get to acclimate to native soil, as opposed to the packaged soil. And of course, since they aren't in soil when you get them, there's no mess to contend with.
Own-Root Rose
Own-root roses are developed by taking a cutting from an existing stock plant, then it's planted directly into the soil. This type of rose is the same variety above and below the ground. They are easy to plant, typically hardier in colder climates, and can produce more shoot and blooms for the variety than if it was traditionally grafted or budded.
Bareroot roses will have brown roots and dormant stems when they arrive. Plants that arrive this way actually have the advantage of being able to focus their energies on strong root development rather than having to support an extensive growth of leaves during planting.
You can plant your bareroot or own-root roses earlier in the growing season as well, since there aren't any leaves to get nipped back by frost. They can typically be planted as early as six weeks before your area's last frost date in the spring. Since they don't have to provide water to leaves or flowers, they usually establish quickly.
Container roses should typically be planted in late spring and fall. They're easy to plant (all you need is a trowel), and they provide instant gratification, as they aren't dormant and will have buds within a few short weeks, if they don't when they arrive. They're also perfect for transplanting into decorative containers and make an attractive gift. All of our potted roses are own root, unless otherwise noted.
As you can see, there are advantages to both bareroot and container roses, so whichever you decide is the best for your garden, we feel certain you'll become a lifelong rose lover, if you aren't already!
The Jackson and Perkins Difference
Grown in California by the World's Best Rose Professionals
California provides one of the finest rose-growing environments in the world. All of our roses are grown in soil that is tested and analyzed to ensure they are grown with the exact level of essential nutrients needed. The proper amounts of fertilizer, water, and nutrients are then added to the roses during their active growth cycle by our experienced rose growers.
Each rose is hand selected and prepared by seasoned professional rose growers. Our experienced growers are continually evaluating and testing the roses in the fields to ensure maximum rose health.
All of this tender loving care under the generous California sun results in a young but vigorously growing rose plant with a root system that is ready for fast blooming in your rose garden.
Exclusive and Superior Rose Breeding Process
Jackson and Perkins exclusive rose varieties have been bred to exhibit the most preferred rose characteristics for rose gardeners. It takes many years to develop a single rose variety, and our rose breeders have painstakingly evaluated, tested, and grown superior new genetic features into these new rose varieties for introduction.
The healthy rose plant canes are now hand groomed for the customers' garden presentation. The roses are then harvested at the perfect time in preparation for shipping and customer planting. All of these steps, from rose research, planting, budding, growing, harvesting and storing, are essential to ensure you receive a healthy, vigorous Jackson & Perkins rose plant, the WORLD'S FINEST ROSE.
Bare root roses may appear to be dead upon arrival, but the plants actually have the advantage of being able to focus their energies on strong root development rather than having to support an extensive and stressful growth of leaves right after planting.
Bare root roses are the best option for early-season planting. In fact, late winter is the best time to plant. Our bare root roses are fully established plants that meet the highest industry standards. They arrive dormant, which makes them ideal for planting. The roots get to acclimate to native soil, as opposed to the packaged soil. Of course, since they are not in soil when you get them, there's no mess to contend with.
You can plant your bare root roses earlier in the growing season, since there are no leaves to get nipped back by frost. They can typically be planted as early as six weeks before your area's last frost date in the spring and no later than two weeks after that average date. Since they don't have to provide water to leaves or flowers, they usually establish faster than those that arrive in containers.
Due to the nature of plants and the fact that some are younger than others, there will be some variance in the size of our bareroot roses. However, they have all gone through the same quality inspections in order to make sure they meet the high standards we expect from all of our roses.
At the end of the rose growth cycle, when the rose plant has hardened off and is ready to be harvested, the roses are hand selected according to our top-quality Jackson and Perkins rose standards.
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Nutrition Facts
Ingredients and Preparation
- Preheat oven to 425˚F.
- Combine crème fraiche and sweet pepper relish in a small bowl.
- Spread oil onto an oven-safe baking dish and then place fish, skin side down, in the dish.
- Sprinkle fish with salt, and then spread the sauce over the fish.
- Bake for 20-22 minutes or until fish flakes easily.

subset: commoncrawl


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We love our long-term Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG. It's loud, obscene, over-engineered to the point of absurdity, and gulps fuel like an M1 Abrams. But now it's just completely inadequate.
Because this 6x6 version is available starting in October. Figure on shelling out SLS AMG Electric Drive money—a little shy of half a million bucks.
Hey, when you want a six-wheeled, 19-foot-long, 8,000-pound AMG monster, you gotta pay to play. Maybe we can score one of these in time for next winter...
Now watch the video:


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Animal Model
LEH- Park7 tm1sage
Zygosity Genotype
Colony Size
Diet Value
LabDiet #5R24 (RMH2500)
Research Application
Research Area
Parkinson's Disease
If you need any support, advice or additional documentation then don't hesitate to contact us here. We accept orders using the following methods:
Our online catalog and ordering system can be used to search our full menu of available Animal Models. Select your desired animal models and add them to the shopping basket. Your order can be submitted instantly using credit card, telephone ordering or a purchase order number as the preferred payment method.
If you prefer to send us orders outside our online ordering system, please see the Contact Us page for telephone, fax, and email details in order to place an order. We recommend that you use our online system to identify the products you require and their respective product codes. To order offline we will require the following information:
Shipping information for all territories can be found on our Shipping Charges page. This includes Shipping and Handling fees, as well as shipping conditions for each product range.
If you're having trouble ordering or finding what you're looking for, or if you require something we don't yet offer, please contact us.


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Neil Sedaka famously sang that breaking up is hard to do, and wealth management firms have certainly had their share of rough changes of leadership.
Overspending, backstabbing, family intrigue and just plain surprise resignations can all play a part when it comes to cutting ties with a chief exec.
Of course, not every tenure ends with days or months of headlines breathlessly reporting the latest twists and turns. One firm has generated headlines for its ability to keep a secret while maintaining an air of calm, while it plans its succession.
To find which firm that is, look at our list of 5 Messy Financial Firm Breakups, and One Keeping Mum:
1. Mohamed El-Erian, PIMCO: 2014
Wall Street might have been shocked in January when El-Erian, the CEO and co-CIO of the bond giant, announced he would leave, but Bill Gross, the company's founder and co-CIO, was having none of it. In fact, by early February Gross let the world know "we are a better team at this moment than we were before." Time will tell.
2. Ronald O' Hanley, Fidelity Investments: 2014
After El-Erian announced his split from PIMCO, O'Hanley let it be known he would leave his post as Fidelity Investments' head of assets. Maybe it was expected. Some industry experts said being No. 2 at the family-run company was never a long-term assignment. So maybe all we can do is warn the next manager up. For O'Hanley's part, he said he had accomplished his goals of aiding Abigail Johnson as she took over the company from her father and improving asset management at the firm.
3. John Mack, Morgan Stanley: 2001 and 2010
There might have been a handshake agreement that Mack would someday take the helm at Morgan Stanley, but it wasn't to be. Chairman and CEO Philip Purcell, who had landed as Mack's boss after his Dean Witter bought out Morgan Stanley, didn't have any thought of leaving. After a tempestuous relationship, Mack finally left in 2001, three years after his co-CEO proposal was rejected. Morgan Stanley denied there was ever a handshake agreement.
Mack went on to two other firms before getting his revenge: in 2005, he was named to replace Purcell at Morgan Stanley. In 2007, he received $41 million in pay. Things had soured by 2009 as Morgan Stanley took some of the blame for the financial crisis. Mack stepped down on Jan. 1, 2010.
4. John Thain, Bank of America Merrill Lynch: 2009
As head of Merrill Lynch, John Thain had a job many in the financial industry envied. And those who worked for him probably thought he was a good boss. Who wouldn't want to work for a boss who hands out big bonuses even when the firm is bleeding money? After Bank of America took over the venerable firm, those bonuses to top executives led to his ouster in 2009. Thain turned a debacle into a victory by taking over the helm of CIT Group barely more than a month later and returning it to profitability last year from the depths of a $31 billion debt.
5. Jeffrey Gundlach, TCW Group: 2009
It's not often that being fired is cause for an expensive party, but that's how Jeffrey Gundlach reacted when he was let go by TCW in 2009. Gundlach was a master of fixed income investments and his portfolio was half of the company's assets. Accusations that he was stealing company secrets to start his own fund led to his firing. Suits and countersuits followed. Out of the controversy, Gundlach created DoubleLine Capital, which has $50 billion in assets under management.
6. Warren Buffett, Berkshire Hathaway: ????
There's no internal controversy here. No messy board fights. Matter of fact, the successor chosen by Warren Buffett, the "Oracle of Omaha," is completely unknown; the big man says he is solidly in agreement on the choice. Most observers expect the next head of the investment company to come from within.
The only things we know for sure is that there will be a successor. How do we know that? Well, the Oracle said so. Anyone who thought he'd stay forever has been warned.
– Related stories on ThinkAdvisor:


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Hopefully not a repost - The day after his wife disappeared in a kayaking accident in the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, a man answered his door to find two grim-faced Mounties. "We know it's late, sir, but we have some information about your wife," said one of the Mounties.
"Tell me! Did you find her!?" the husband shouted.
The Mounties looked at each other. One said, "We have some bad news, some good news, and some really great news. Which do you want to hear first?" Fearing the worst, the ashen husband said "Give me the bad news first."
The second Mountie said, "I'm sorry to tell you, sir, but this morning we found your wife's body in the bay."
"Oh my God!" exclaimed the husband.
Swallowing hard, he asked, "What's the good news?"
The Mountie continued, "When we pulled her up, she had 6 twenty-five pound snow crabs and 12 good-size lobsters clinging to her."
Stunned, the husband demanded, "If that's the good news, what's the great news???"
The Mountie answered, "We're gonna pull her up again tomorrow".


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square needs to learn to do more with less. im pretty sure we arent getting it because it would sell less than million copies.
http://gematsu.com/2012/11/rumor-final-fantasy-type-0-localization-nearly-completed-in-2011Granted this is firmly within rumor territory, but at least it's something.
Currently, the publisher is awaiting strong interest from fans, as itââ¬â¢s having hard time coming to a resolution regarding a western release, according to a second source. And Sony has apparently not been of any help to the matter.
That's not a port...
Square Enix localization specialist lists Final Fantasy Type-0 on resume -- Source: Nova Crystallis"Final Fantasy Type-0's localization has been on the table since 2010 if an employee's resume is to be believed."


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State Codes and StatutesStatutes > West-virginia > 16 > 16-5p-7
§16-5P-7. Creation and composition of the West Virginia council on aging; terms of citizen representative; vacancies; officers; meetings.
(a) There is hereby created the West Virginia council on aging, which shall be composed of five government members and ten citizen members, and shall serve as an advisory board to the commissioner.
(b) The five government members shall be: (1) The director of the division of health; (2) the director of the bureau of medical services; (3) one administrator designated by the secretary of the department of health and human resources; (4) one administrator designated by the superintendent of the West Virginia state police; and (5) the director of the division of rehabilitation services.
(c) The citizen members shall be appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate. No more than five of the citizen members shall belong to the same political party, and no more than six members shall be of the same gender. The members shall be selected in a manner to provide balanced geographical distribution.
(d) The designated administrators and the citizen representatives of the council shall be appointed for terms of four years each, and shall serve until their successors are appointed and qualified. The citizen representatives appointed to staggered terms pursuant to section two, article fourteen, chapter twenty-nine of this code to the state commission on aging shallcontinue to serve the remainder of their term or until their successors are appointed and qualified.
(e) A majority of the members of the council shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The council shall elect a chair, a vice-chair, and such other officers as it deems necessary. The council shall meet at least two times each year. Each government representative shall designate a person with the authority to attend meetings and act on behalf of the government representative, who shall be considered a member of the council for the purpose of obtaining a quorum for the transaction of business.


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Paper-Saving Technologies
The Hardware Installations and Repair Shop work side-by-side to separate, sort, and recycle all electronic equipment. Packaging materials are disposed of in the following manner:
|Goodwill Computer Works
|M. Lipsitz & Co., Ltd.
|Monitors (LCD, CRT)
Computers (Desktop, Laptops)
Printers (Laser, Inkjet)
Ink & Toner Cartridges
Printer parts (drums, rollers, trays, duplexers)
Mother boards
VCR and projectors
|Server boxes and racks
Hard Drives (degaussed and crushed)
Power cables and wires
Power supplies
DVI/VGA cables
DVI/VGA splitters
Power adapters
Aluminum frames and cans
ITS is currently recycling all printers through the HP Trade-In Program. During the packing procedure, the installations department reuses the same boxes and packing material (Styrofoam) in which the new printer is shipped.
Technology Procurement
The following list represents the vendors used by the University for purchasing computers and printers. All of these vendors have established green initiatives that we take advantage of by purchasing their products:


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So, I mentioned on the Stop Lying about Your Weight thread (among other places) that I was making my best guess at my own weight (170-180), but I haven't stepped on a scale in ages, for the sake of my sanity. But then I started thinking, well, what if I'm underestimating my weight and therefore being part of the problem? So for the first time in a looooong time, I actually wanted to know the real number, for a good reason. Unfortunately, I still didn't have a scale and wasn't about to go buy one.
But today, when I took Lucille to the vet and had to weigh her, it occurred to me to ask if the doggy scale could hold a person. The answer was yes. And it turns out my pants were indeed on fire.
I weigh 184.6 lbs.
And I am 5'2″.
And I look like this:
Just so we're clear.


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Rana boylii (Foothill Yellow-legged Frog)
This track was found in fine river silt along the Eel River near Redway, California.
This is the left hind track of a yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii). The tips of the toes are not globular or bulbous like those of the Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla). Pacific treefrogs have toe pads on the tips. Yellow-legged frogs have toes that are more pointed than those of the Pacific treefrog. Penny for scale is 1.9 cm (3/4 in.) across.
Kim Cabrera (photographer; copyright holder; identification)
This resource may not be downloaded and used without permission of the copyright holder except for educational fair use.
The Animal Diversity Web team is excited to announce ADW Pocket Guides!
Help us improve the site by taking our survey.
To cite this page: Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2019. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed at https://animaldiversity.org.
Disclaimer: The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742. Additional support has come from the Marisla Foundation, UM College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Museum of Zoology, and Information and Technology Services.
The ADW Team gratefully acknowledges their support.


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Open: Winter Tours
Sunday, February 18, 2018
The Reformatory is open for our Winter Tour Season from February 2 to March 31 on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday only.
Please note, in the event of a level 3 in Richland County, the Reformatory will be closed for all events. You may check the local weather here.
During the colder months please expect temperatures up to 20 degrees colder in the cell blocks than the outside temperature currently reads. Please prepare yourself, and your children, for the extreme cold when touring the Reformatory. Winter tours are not recommended for those younger than 7 and the elderly.
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Unicode Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples - Version 5.21, by Dr. Herong Yang
U1F300: Miscellaneous Symbols And Pictographs
This section provides a quick summary of the Unicode code point block: 'Miscellaneous Symbols And Pictographs', which contains 768 code points to represent miscellaneous Symbols and pictographs.
Block name: Miscellaneous Symbols And Pictographs
Block range: U+1F300 ... U+1F5FF
Number of code points: 768
Introduced since: Unicode version 6.0
Complet list of code points: unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1F300.pdf
Code point samples:
The "Miscellaneous Symbols And Pictographs" block contains code points to represent miscellaneous Symbols and pictographs.
Table of Contents
ASCII Character Set and Encoding
GB2312 Character Set and Encoding
GB18030 Character Set and Encoding
JIS X0208 Character Set and Encodings
UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format - 8-Bit)
UTF-16, UTF-16BE and UTF-16LE Encodings
UTF-32, UTF-32BE and UTF-32LE Encodings
Java Language and Unicode Characters
Encoding Conversion Programs for Encoded Text Files
Using Notepad as a Unicode Text Editor
Using Microsoft Word as a Unicode Text Editor
Using Microsoft Excel as a Unicode Text Editor
►Unicode Code Point Blocks - Code Charts
U0000: C0 Controls and Basic Latin
U0080: C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement
U02B0: Spacing Modifier Letters
U0300: Combining Diacritical Marks
U1400: Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics
U18B0: Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended
U1D80: Phonetic Extensions Supplement
U1DC0: Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement
U1E00: Latin Extended Additional
U2070: Superscripts and Subscripts
U20D0: Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols
U2300: Miscellaneous Technical
U2440: Optical Character Recognition
U27C0: Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A
U2980: Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B
U2A00: Supplemental Mathematical Operators
U2B00: Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows
U2E00: Supplemental Punctuation
U2E80: CJK Radicals Supplement
U2FF0: Ideographic Description Characters
U3000: CJK Symbols and Punctuation
U3130: Hangul Compatibility Jamo
U31F0: Katakana Phonetic Extensions
U3200: Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
U3400: CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A
U4DC0: Yijing Hexagram Symbols
UA830: Common Indic Number Forms
UAAE0: Meetei Mayek Extensions
UDB80: High Private Use Surrogates
UF900: CJK Compatibility Ideographs
UFB00: Alphabetic Presentation Forms
UFB50: Arabic Presentation Forms-A
UFE30: CJK Compatibility Forms
UFE70: Arabic Presentation Forms-B
UFF00: Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms
U10B40: Inscriptional Parthian
U111E0: Sinhala Archaic Numbers
U12400: Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation
U12480: Early Dynastic Cuneiform
U16FE0: Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation
U1BCA0: Shorthand Format Controls
U1D000: Byzantine Musical Symbols
U1D200: Ancient Greek Musical Notation
U1D400: Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols
U1EE00: Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
U1F100: Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement
U1F200: Enclosed Ideographic Supplement
►U1F300: Miscellaneous Symbols And Pictographs
U1F680: Transport And Map Symbols
U1F780: Geometric Shapes Extended
U1F900: Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs
U20000: CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B
U2A700: CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C
U2B740: CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D
U2F800: CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement
UE0100: Variation Selectors Supplement
UF0000: Supplementary Private Use Area-A
U100000: Supplementary Private Use Area-B


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Meindert Hobbema (Dutch, Amsterdam 1638 - 1709)
A Pond in the Forest, 1668
Signed and dated at bottom right: m Hobbema/f 1668
Oil on panel (oak)
23 5/8 x 33 1/4 in. (60 x 84.5 cm)
Bequest of Mrs. F. F. Prentiss, 1944
Listen to a podcast about this artwork here
Meindert Hobbema specialized in painting wooded landscapes inspired by the flat countryside of the eastern region of the Dutch Republic. In unusually fine condition, this superb example focuses on pure landscape forms and diminishes the traces of habitation and cultivation found in most of his paintings.
Almost without exception Hobbema's subject matter was drawn from the heavily wooded landscape of the eastern Netherlands. The majority of his paintings fall into the following categories: 1) dirt roads by farms in woods; 2) water mills near or set back into woods; 3) pools at the edge of woods, usually with farms or villages in the distance; and 4) ruins in woods. A Pond in the Forest belongs to the third category, but is unusual for the absence of any domestic architecture.
Hobbema's stylistic development, from his early years through 1671, can be established through dated paintings.1 His initial influence was Jacob van Ruisdael (ca. 1628-1682), yet even in his early works Hobbema demonstrated a certain independence. As his style evolved, he began to concentrate on landscapes with stately deciduous trees set before a dramatic canopy of clouds. As Stechow recognized, Hobbema's Wooded Road with Cottages of 1662, in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, represents a milestone in the artist's oeuvre; it includes all the classic ingredients associated with Hobbema landscapes--mature deciduous trees in full leaf, farms partly screened by trees and shrubs, and a boldly patterned cloudy sky that silhouettes the trees. The figures wandering along the dirt road become incidental staffage.2
Shortly after 1662 Hobbema produced the first of his water mill compositions, including the well-known pictures in Chicago, Toledo and the Wallace Collection.3 At the same time he also painted many representations of farmhouses along dirt roads in the woods.4
During the later 1660s Hobbema began to minimize the presence of man within his vast vistas of woods and sky. For example, his A Woody Landscape of 1667, now in the J. Paul Getty Museum in Malibu, lacks any prominently visible buildings.5 One year later, in the dated A Pond in the Forest at Oberlin, there are no buildings at all and attention is focused on the dynamic interaction between the sharply silhouetted trees, the partially screened, deep vista and the magnificent cloudy sky. By eliminating much of the undergrowth between the trees, the artist presents the viewer with a far greater sense of vast continuous space than in his earlier works.6 He opened his landscape vistas in this manner in other paintings as well, notably in the somewhat later Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill, in The Minneapolis Institute of Arts.7
The one conspicuous reminder of human enterprise in the Oberlin painting is the sluice to the left. In all likelihood sluiceways were part of the water systems serving water mills. Thus, A Pond in the Forest may be associated stylistically with several pictures in which the artist represents the water mills at the Singraven estate at Denekamp in the province of Drenthe. The characterization of trees, the reduction of undergrowth, and the cloudy sky are particularly comparable to his Landscape with a Stream and Several Water Mills in the National Gallery in London.8 Conceivably the Oberlin painting represents Hobbema's response to the stately forests of this eastern region of the Dutch Republic and constitutes a prelude to his views of the water mills at Singraven.
A Pond in the Forest has a distinguished provenance. Edward Drummond Libbey of Toledo acquired this painting in 1914. Libbey's interest in Hobbema paralleled that of many of the greatest American collectors of old master paintings during the "Gilded Age." For these collectors Hobbema was one of the most eagerly sought-after names. His stately concept of landscape represented a prosperous and untroubled world that doubtlessly appealed to these American collectors whose industrial pursuits involved them in the transformation of the United States during these turbulent years. Indeed, many of the greatest Hobbemas in the United States were once owned by Henry Clay Frick, Henry B. Marquand, Peter E. O. Widener, Andrew Mellon, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles Taft. As a result of their collecting efforts, museums such as the Frick Collection, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art, the Taft Museum, and Oberlin all possess important pictures by the artist.
G. S. Keyes
Hobbema was baptized Meindert Lubbertsz on October 31, 1638, and later adopted the surname Hobbema. His mother died when he was a child and he and his two younger siblings were placed in the care of the Amsterdam orphanage. By 1655 Hobbema had left the orphanage and, presumably soon thereafter, entered the household of Jacob van Ruisdael, who became his mentor and presumed teacher. In July 1660 Ruisdael testified that Hobbema had served and studied with him for several years and was a man of good character.
In 1668 Hobbema was appointed one of the winegaugers (wynroyers) of Amsterdam, a socially prestigious sinecure which he held until his death on 7 December 1709. He was buried in the cemetery of the Westerkerk, the same church in which Rembrandt had been interred forty years earlier.
Virtually all of Hobbema's most important paintings date from the 1660s. He produced little after 1671, except for what has become his most celebrated picture, The Avenue at Middelharnis, dated 1689, now in The National Gallery in London.
General References
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Most Eminent Dutch Painters of the Seventeenth Century. Vol. 4. London, 1912, pp. 351-451.
Stechow, Wolfgang. Dutch Landscape Painting of the Seventeenth Century. London, 1966, pp. 76-80.
Sutton, Peter C. In Masters of 17th-Century Dutch Landscape Painting (exh. cat., Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, 1987), pp. 345-54.
Collection John Smith, London (by 1825)
Collection Michael Zachary, London (acquired from John Smith in 1825 for 600 gns.)
Collection Frederick Perkins, London (1835)
By descent to George Perkins, London
His sale, London (Christie's), 14 June 1890, lot 7 (3,300 gns.; catalogue illustration engraved by P. Teyssonier)
Collection H. M. W. Oppenheim, London
His sale, London, 13 June 1913, lot 53 (£15,750 to Emerson)
Collection Edward Drummond Libbey, Toledo (acquired in 1914)
With Martin Knoedler & Company, New York (1916)
Collection Mrs. Dudley P. Allen (later Mrs. F. F. Prentiss), Cleveland, acquired from Knoedler in 1916
Bequeathed by her in 1941
London, British Institution, 1817. Cat. no. 54.
New York, M. Knoedler & Company, Inc., 1954. Paintings and Drawings from Five Centuries: Collection Allen Memorial Art Museum. 3 - 21 February. Cat. no. 47.
New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1954. Dutch Painting: The Golden Age. 28 October - 15 December (also shown at Toledo Museum of Art and Art Gallery of Toronto). Cat. no. 43.
Buffalo, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1957. Trends in Painting 1600-1800. 2 October - 3 November. Unnumbered cat., pp. 32-33.
Smith, John. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish and French Painters. Vol. 6. London, 1835, p. 133, no. 62.
Waagen, G. F. Treasures of Art in Great Britain. London, 1854, vol. 2, p. 336.
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Most Eminent Dutch Painters of the Seventeenth Century. Vol. 4. London, 1912, pp. 423-24, cat. no. 218.
Valentiner, William R. "The Hobbema from the Oppenheim Collection." Art in America 2 (1914), pp. 165-66.
Broulhiet, Georges. Meindert Hobbema. Paris, 1938, p. 435, no. 438, ill. p. 321.
"The Prentiss Bequest." Allen Memorial Art Museum Bulletin 1, no. 2 (1944), p. 35, no. 51, ill. p. 70.
Faison, Lane. "Art." The Nation, 10 November 1954, p. 449.
Dutch Painting: The Golden Age. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1954, cat. no. 43.
Trends in Painting, 1600-1800. Exh. cat., Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, N. Y., 1957, pp. 32-33.
Stechow, Wolfgang. "The Early Years of Hobbema." Art Quarterly 22 (1959), p. 15.
Stechow, Wolfgang. Dutch Landscape Painting of the Seventeenth Century. London, 1966, p. 78, fig. 156.
Stechow, Wolfgang. Catalogue of European and American Paintings and Sculpture in the Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College. Oberlin, 1967, pp. 74-75, fig. 69.
Stechow, Wolfgang. "Varieties of Landscape." Apollo 103, no. 168 (February 1976), p. 113, fig. 9.
Mittler, Gene A. Art in Focus. Peoria, Ill., 1986, p. 40, fig. 3.1.
Sutton, Peter C. Dutch Art in America. Grand Rapids, Mich., 1986, p. 210.
Keyes, George S. "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill." The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), p. 51, fig. 10.
Technical Data
This painting is on a joined, cradled oak panel which was thinned leaving no bevelling along the edges on the verso. The transverse members of the cradle have been thinned, causing the oak support to bow slightly. The fine ground, probably comprised of glue and chalk, has become transparent, revealing the wood grain in places. The blue sky is comprised of a thin layer of smalt that has not lost its coloration, but has become transparent over time. The remaining pigments are more thickly applied, and tend to be pastier, with evidence of visible brushwork. By good fortune the greens have not deteriorated; as a result the foliage remains resonant and displays the subtle modulation of tone that enhances the intended three-dimensionality of the tree crowns and the sense of sparkling light.
In 1951 a light wax moisture barrier was applied to the back of the panel, and in 1953 a yellowed natural resin varnish was removed and replaced with a standard PVA synthetic varnish. Subsequently this was replaced with an experimental high polymer varnish (27H) that, to date, shows no signs of opacity or yellowing.9 Whereas most of Hobbema's works on panel have deteriorated seriously, A Pond in the Forest is remarkably well preserved, and is rightly considered one of the artist's masterpieces.
1. See Wolfgang Stechow, "The Early Years of Hobbema," Art Quarterly 22 (1959), pp. 3-18; and George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), pp. 42-57.
2. Oil on canvas, 107 x 130.8 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, inv. E' 24-3-7; see Wolfgang Stechow, "The Early Years of Hobbema," Art Quarterly 22 (1959), pp. 3, 10; and Peter C. Sutton in Masters of 17th-Century Dutch Landscape Painting (exh. cat., Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, 1987), cat. no. 44.
3. Oil on canvas, 81.3 x 109.9 cm, The Art Institute of Chicago, inv. 1894.1031; oil on canvas, 94.9 x 131.8 cm, Toledo Museum of Art, inv. 67.159; and oil on panel, 69.2 x 92.1 cm, London, Wallace Collection, inv. P99. Reproduced in George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), pp. 44-46, figs. 3, 5, and 6, respectively.
4. Oil on canvas, 84.1 x 111.8 cm, The Cleveland Museum of Art, inv. 42.641; oil on panel, 76.2 x 110.5 cm, New York, Frick Collection, inv. 02.1.73; and oil on canvas, 93.1 x 127.8 cm, Washington, D. C., National Gallery of Art, inv. 1937.1.62.
5. Oil on panel, 61 x 85.1 cm, J. Paul Getty Museum, inv. 84.PB.43. Hobbema adumbrates this direction in his Wooded Landscape of 1663 (oil on canvas, 94.7 x 130.5 cm, Washington, D. C., National Gallery of Art, inv. 1937.1.61), in which the roof of the distant farm is almost entirely obscured from view. See George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), p. 44, fig. 2; and Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr., Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth Century (The Collections of the National Gallery of Art Systematic Catalogue) (New York and Oxford, 1995), pp. 117-20.
6. Hobbema's Hut Among Trees (oil on canvas, 96.5 x 108 cm, Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art, inv. 1942.9.30) anticipates this development; reproduced in George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), p. 48, fig. 8; Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr., Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth Century (The Collections of the National Gallery of Art Systematic Catalogue) (New York and Oxford, 1995), pp. 120-23.
7. Oil on canvas, 102.2 x 134.6 cm, The Minneapolis Institute of Art, inv. 412; reproduced in George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), p. 42, fig. 1.
8. Oil on panel, 60 x 84.5 cm, London, National Gallery, inv. 832; reproduced in George S. Keyes, "Meindert Hobbema's Wooded Landscape with a Water Mill," The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 67 (1995), p. 52, fig. 14.
9. For a detailed discussion, see the condition report and treatment proposal by Richard D. Buck dated 25 September 1953 (ICA 31/53) and the letter from Buck to Charles Parkhurst dated 20 January 1958, with additional correspondence on 27H varnish from Buck to John Walker, National Gallery of Art, dated 3 January 1954, and from Robert Feller, Mellon Institute for Industrial Research, to Buck, dated 8 August 1957; museum files.


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2012 Subaru Forester 2.5X Premium
Dealership Information
Scarlett`s Auto Sales
Scarlett`s Auto Sales
157 South Main St
Crossville, TN 38555
The 2012 Subaru Forester drives more like a car than like an SUV and it features a superb all-wheel-drive system giving it excellent foul-weather capability. A compact SUV that seats five, the Forester offers good cargo capacity.
Visit Scarlett`s Auto Sales online at scarlettsautosales.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 931-484-4007 today to schedule your test drive.
It competes with the Honda CR-V and Toyota RAV4, but the Forester offers much better handling than those two, on dry pavement but especially on wet pavement, snow, ice or dirt.
The current-generation Forester was launched as a 2009 model. For 2011, Subaru gave the Forester a new standard engine with chain-driven dual overhead camshafts rated at 170 horsepower and 21/27 mpg City/Highway. The turbocharged Forester 2.5XT models retain their belt-driven twin-cam engine, which produces 224 horsepower on Premium fuel, with EPA estimates of 19/24 mpg.
For 2012, there are only minor changes. Among them: 2012 Forester Limited and 2012 Forester Touring models offer an integrated navigation system with a 6.1-inch touch-screen display. Included in the navigation package is a rearview camera and an AM/FM/HD/CD stereo with six speakers (seven on Touring), voice-activated controls, Bluetooth hands-free phone connectivity and audio streaming, iPod control capability, iTunes tagging, USB port, 3.5mm auxiliary input jack, SMS text messaging capability, and satellite radio capability. The old removable Tom-Tom nav system is still offered on 2.5X Premiums with automatic transmission. Also new, the front-passenger seat adjusts for height on all 2012 Subaru Forester models.
The Subaru Forester is a very practical vehicle. The rear seats are split 60/40 and easily fold flat to make a gigantic cargo area capable of carrying lots of gear. Rear-seat legroom is excellent, at 38.0 inches. That alone is a big plus, and it's one of the reasons the Forester is such a good family vehicle. The front doors are wide, and the rear doors swing open 75 degrees and feel light, making it easy to get in and out.
The Forester is supremely secure in its sure-footed handling. It will go around corners like few SUVs, with its all-wheel drive working to grip the road. Subaru excels at all-wheel drive. The Forester has a low center of gravity thanks to its horizontally opposed engine mounted low in the chassis. The suspension is solid but doesn't feel too firm, while its long travel offers a comfortable ride and better grip on rough roads. Rack-and-pinion steering helps give the Forester a tight steering radius, tighter than the RAV4 or CR-V, making parking and maneuvering easy. It all adds up to an enjoyable and capable vehicle to drive.
Model Lineup
The 2012 Subaru Forester comes in four trim levels, each with all-wheel drive. The 2.5X models come with the 170-hp engine that was all-new last year; 2.5XT models get the familiar 224-hp turbocharged engine.
Forester 2.5X ($20,595) comes with rugged cloth upholstery, air conditioning with rear vents and an air filtration system, a 60/40 split rear seat, four-speaker AM/FM sound system with single-disc CD, height adjustment for both front seats, cruise control, rear window wiper, a trailer wiring connector, and 16-inch steel wheels with wheelcovers. A 5-speed manual transmission is standard. The only options are a 4-speed automatic transmission with manual mode ($1200), and 16-inch alloy wheels, which come with roof rails ($400).
Forester 2.5X Premium ($23,295) adds 17-inch alloy wheels with wider-profile all-season tires, privacy glass, 10-way power driver's seat, tilt-and-telescope steering, a reclining rear seat with retractable tray, roof rails, power moonroof, and an upgraded six-speaker audio system that adds steering wheel-mounted controls, an auxiliary input jack, Bluetooth hands-free calling and audio streaming, iPod control capability, USB port and Sirius satellite radio capability. An all-weather package ($500) includes heated front seats and side mirrors, plus a windshield wiper de-icer. The 2.5X Premium with automatic transmission ($24,295) makes available a package ($1,095) combining the all-weather equipment with a removable TomTom navigation system.
Forester 2.5X Limited ($26,595) features perforated leather seats in black or platinum, seatback storage pockets, leather-wrapped steering wheel and shifter, an even more deluxe sound system with 4.3-inch display screen, automatic climate control, and foglights. It comes with the automatic transmission and cold-weather package as standard. All-new integrated navigation ($1200) includes a rear camera and additional sound system upgrades.
Forester 2.5X Touring ($27,895) adds HID headlights (low beam) with automatic height adjustment, backup camera, a subwoofer for the Limited-level stereo, dual zone automatic climate control, silver finish roof rails, electroluminescent gauges, and side mirrors with integrated turn signals. The integrated navigation option ($1000) costs less because the backup camera is standard.
PZEV versions of all of the models above are available in 13 states and cost about $300 more.
Forester XT Premium ($27,095) and Touring ($29,895) use the more powerful turbocharged engine with 4-speed automatic transmission. They're distinguished by a hood scoop that takes in air for the turbocharger intercooler, a rear roof spoiler, and aluminum pedal covers. Otherwise equipment and options correspond to the X Premium and X Touring models.
Safety equipment on all Foresters includes two-stage frontal airbags, side-impact airbags in front, and airbag curtains; active front head restraints; LATCH child safety seat system; and a tire pressure monitor. All Forester models also come with all-wheel drive, Vehicle Dynamics Control with four-wheel traction control and electronic limited slip differential, and anti-lock brakes with Electronic Brake-force Distribution (which adjusts front-to-rear brake balance as the car's weight pitches forward under hard braking), and Brake Assist (which applies additional braking, based on how quickly the driver applies the pedal).
The Subaru Forester is not about looks. It's not bad looking, but it's a pragmatic vehicle, not meant to be a pretty one. There are no touches that you could call especially lovely, as there are none you could call unattractive. Its shape is sporty enough, but it doesn't shout sport. It's squarish, but not blocky. It's slightly longer than a Honda CR-V, slightly shorter than a Toyota RAV4, and an inch narrower than both; slightly taller than the CR-V but not as tall as the RAV4.
The Forester's wing-shaped headlamps might be the snazziest feature, somewhat Saab-like in their appearance. Nice amber turn signals in the headlamp corners blend into fenders that are nicely wrapped around the car. The hood has sculpted edges, so subtle they're not noticed, but like the headlamps/eyes, the hood is a reminder that looks are not abandoned.
The front and rear fascia and rocker panels surround the car, and they're not very pretty in flat black plastic. They too have a function, being more rugged than shiny paint on sheetmetal, although no one does metal fascia any more anyhow. And at least the flat black plastic doesn't continue around the wheelwells, like on some SUVs. Also, those wheelwells are not overflared to attract attention. That would be unlike Subaru.
Along the sides, above the flat black rocker panels, there's a straight styling groove where once there were ding strips.
The 10-spoke 17-inch alloy wheels that are standard equipment on the 2.5X Premium are nice. We also like the wheels on the Forester XT we drove.
The Forester XT is mostly distinguished by the scoop on the hood that takes in air for the turbocharger intercooler. From the rear, the XT has a twin chrome-tipped exhaust and a spoiler over the rear window that makes its statement.
Interior Features
The Forester cabin is comfortable and the seats are good. We like the leather better than the cloth. The cloth seats come in gray or black, are more conservative than sporty, and the material doesn't feel as rugged as the material that Mazda uses. The available perforated leather is a whole new ball game, eclipsing the mundane cloth. Forester XT gets sporty aluminum pedals.
Visibility is excellent through the windshield, with a modest hood, tight front fenders, and A-pillars designed to minimize blind spots. Visibility in the rearview mirror is not so good. The rear glass fills the mirror, but the rear seat headrests, middle seatbelt hanging from the ceiling, and rear center-mounted-stoplamp all intrude. Over your shoulder around the C-pillars, visibility is okay again, the blindspot a small one.
We drove the Forester in summer and winter, and found that the air conditioning cools fast, but the heater heats and defrosts less fast, not a feature when it's cold. The fan is louder than in other models, also.
The dash has a beautiful sweep like sculpture, from the center stack off to the passenger side, in dark titanium plastic that looks nice, with more of that trim on the center stack, instrument panel, and doors. The glovebox is big. There's a thin digital display inserted at the top center of the dash for time, temperature, and fuel mileage.
The tachometer is on the left and larger speedo in the center, both with blue rims at the numbers. There's a smaller fuel gauge to the right, in a space where there could and should be an engine temperature gauge, but it's been erased by an idiot light, which we only knew because it comes on blue when the engine is cold.
Just forward of the shift lever is a big deep slot for storage, although you have to reach around the lever to use it. Climate and audio controls on the center stack are simple to operate, no touch screen that doesn't always respond or menus to figure out and navigate, just old-fashioned knobs to turn. We like this, because old-fashioned knobs always work, at a time when always working seems not to be in fashion. The front doors have a nice elbow rest and large pockets each with a recess for 24-ounce bottles. The center console is deep, and slides forward four inches to make an armrest, on all models but the base 2.5X.
The new integrated navigation option, available on Limited and Touring models, is accessed through a 6.1-inch touch-screen display. The navigation package includes a rearview camera and an AM/FM/HD stereo with six speakers (seven on Touring, which adds a subwoofer), voice-activated controls, a single-disc CD player with MP3/WMA capability, Bluetooth hands-free phone connectivity and audio streaming, iPod control capability, iTunes tagging, a USB port and 3.5mm auxiliary input jack, SMS text messaging capability, and satellite radio.
We drove a turbocharged XT as well as the X Limited with the old TomTom navigation system and cold-weather package. The TomTom was just as effective for getting around as navigation systems whose option prices are twice as much, although the buttons, combined with the audio system buttons and screen, were tiny and few. TomTom found an address for us using our voice command, and its own voice instructions were good. Although nav systems all seem to have quirky flaws; for example, the TomTom lady insisted on calling interstate route 405, "four-west-five."
The cold weather package is a good thing to have. We got to test the windshield de-icer one morning when there was a sheet of clear ice, and it worked fabulously; the ice slid off in big thin slices, within seconds. By comparison, the rear window defogger took a long time to melt the ice on the rear window. The switches for the heated seats are way back between the front seats where you can't see them, but it's no big deal, you just feel for them.
Cargo space measures 33.5 cubic feet with the rear seat up, 68.3 with the seats flat. The rear seats are split 60/40 and easily fold flat to make a gigantic cargo area capable of carrying lots of gear.
The rear seat reclines and includes a retractable center tray with fixed drink holders. Legroom is excellent for a compact SUV, with 38.0 inches; that's a big plus, and it's one of the reasons the Forester is such a good family vehicle. The front doors are wide, and the rear doors swing open 75 degrees and feel light, making it easy to get in and out.
There's also good front and rear headroom, even when you jack the height-adjustable driver's seat to the top. The panoramic moonroof, standard on our Limited, cuts into headroom, but if you're not tall it feels like more because it's the sky that's over your head.
Driving Impressions
The Forester is supremely secure in its sure-footed handling. It will go around corners like few SUVs, with its experienced all-wheel drive working to grip the road. It has a low center of gravity thanks to its horizontally opposed engine, which is mounted even lower in the chassis than before. The suspension is solid but doesn't feel too firm, while its long travel offers a comfortable ride. Rack-and-pinion steering helps give the Forester a tight steering radius, tighter than the RAV4 or CR-V, making parking and maneuvering easy.
The Limited comes with good all-season tires on handsome 17-inch alloy wheels. Forester owners who drive in the snow country will want to spring for some winter tires. All-season tires won't get you everywhere in snow and ice. We had to drive up a short slope into a snow-covered yard, the rear wheels on slick asphalt and the fronts on soft earth under the wet snow, and it wouldn't do it, as fronts and rears both spun. Even with Subaru's legendary all-wheel drive, if you don't have snow tires for winter, don't expect miracles.
There's a huge 8.7 inches of ground clearance for obstacles that might be encountered, such as the slope up into our yard. The electronic stability control is programmed to allow the tires to spin under acceleration, as long as the car isn't sliding sideways, so the throttle won't cut out on dirt roads. During an off-road test of the Forester 2.5X, we tackled an awe-inspiring steep rutty hill that required full throttle to climb the final 100 yards. The Forester made it to the summit, while a Honda CR-V could not even come close.
The turbocharged engine in the Forester XT delivers a very healthy 226 pound-feet of torque at 2800 rpm and 224 horsepower. The new-for-2011 normally aspirated 170-hp engine makes a bit more usable torque than before, now 174 pound-feet at a slightly lower 4100 rpm. It still doesn't compare to the turbo, however, if acceleration performance is what matters to you. On the freeway or any open highway, a Forester 2.5X has to work to keep up with a Forester XT.
But that's not to say the 2.5X is inadequate. It provides all the acceleration most drivers need. The new engine is a competent 16-valve four-cylinder. Curiously, we found it a bit harsher than the base four-cylinder in the Subaru Legacy, which is still the old belt-drive SOHC unit that powered pre-2011 Foresters. But it might not be fair to compare Forester to Legacy because their construction is so different. And our standards in harshness and NVH in cars with four-cylinder engines keep rising, because all engines are getting so much smoother and stronger.
Some of this is due to the horizontally opposed design of the engine, giving it that distinctive sound familiar in traditional, horizontally opposed Volkswagen and Porsche engines. Often, we can identify one of these flat fours without turning to see. On cold mornings, temperature in the low 30s, the Subaru 2.5-liter we tested made a rappeta-rappeta-rappeta noise upon startup that lasted for just two seconds. At 36 degrees it was still there but very faint, and at 40 degrees it went away.
We found the 4-speed automatic transmission and the 170-horsepower engine to be lacking, on hills at least. Running 70 mph on a slight upgrade on the freeway, it kicked down to third gear more often than we would have liked. It's got to be an improvement over the 2010 model when we commented on the same thing, because the new engine peaks at 174 pound-feet of torque at 4100 rpm while the previous engine made 170 at 4400, but still, a 5-speed automatic transmission seems called for to match the competition. The good news is that manual shifting is available, by pushing the lever forward and back, and it works smartly, giving the driver more control over the kickdowns.
The 5-speed manual transmission feels a bit soft, has a longish throw, and raises the NVH level in the cabin. But it might be considered as a choice with the 2.5X, partly because of Incline Start Assist. If the car is stopped on a hill, the brake stays applied for a moment after you take your foot off the brake pedal, allowing time to get your foot on the gas pedal and disengage the clutch smoothly. So we'd vote for the manual transmission with the 2.5-liter Forester X models.
The Subaru Forester is a compact SUV with stable and secure handling, unsurpassed all-wheel drive. There's excellent room and convenience inside, so passengers, families and cargo are all happy. Forester XT models use a turbocharged engine with potent power, while the Forester X models use a 2.5-liter DOHC engine that debuted for 2011.
Visit Scarlett`s Auto Sales online at scarlettsautosales.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 931-484-4007 today to schedule your test drive.
- Air Conditioning
- Alloy Wheels
- Automatic Headlights
- Cargo Area Tiedowns
- Child Safety Door Locks
- Daytime Running Lights
- Driver Airbag
- Driver Multi-Adjustable Power Seat
- Electronic Brake Assistance
- Front Air Dam
- Front Power Lumbar Support
- Front Side Airbag
- Interval Wipers
- Keyless Entry
- Locking Differential
- Passenger Airbag
- Power Windows
- Rear Wiper
- Second Row Folding Seat
- Side Head Curtain Airbag
- Steering Wheel Mounted Controls
- Telescopic Steering Column
- Tire Pressure Monitor
- Traction Control
- Trip Computer
- Vehicle Stability Control System
- ABS Brakes
- AM/FM Radio
- CD Player
- Cruise Control
- Deep Tinted Glass
- Manual Sunroof
- Power Adjustable Exterior Mirror
- Power Door Locks
- Power Sunroof
- Rear Window Defogger
- Tachometer
- Tilt Steering
- Tilt Steering Column
- Vehicle Anti-Theft


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Story highlights
- The decision could pressure governments to impose stricter limits on emissions
- Previously, there was no clear evidence linking diesel exhaust to higher cancer rates
- Mining group says decision has "little bearing" on the current conditions
- One group says the results are "confusing"
Exhaust from diesel engines can cause cancer, a prominent global cancer group that's part of the World Health Organization said Tuesday.
While the International Agency For Research On Cancer (IARC) has no power to set or enforce rules, many governments look to it for guidance and the decision could put pressure on those governments to introduce stricter limits on emissions, especially to protect workers who are exposed to diesel exhaust while on the job.
The IARC has for more than two decades classified diesel engine exhaust as a "probable" carcinogen -- a cancer-causing agent -- but until recently there was no clear evidence linking it to higher cancer rates.
This winter, however, two studies were published based on research involving more than 12,000 mine workers done by the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, known as the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study, or DEMS.
Together, the two new papers found an increase in lung cancer rates among workers exposed to diesel exhaust underground, with greater exposure linked to steadily higher cancer rates. In workers with the highest exposure, deaths from lung cancer tripled in one study, and increased five-fold in the other.
It's unclear whether the decision will affect rules in the United States. Since 2008, the Mine Safety and Health Administration has enforced a limit of 160 micrograms of total carbon per cubic meter for workers in U.S. mines. "Total carbon" is used as a marker for diesel fumes.
Luke Popovich, a spokesman for the National Mining Association, said the IARC decision has "little bearing" on current conditions. Popovich said the recent studies aren't relevant, because they looked at worker exposures from the 1950s until the 1990s, when older and dirtier equipment was in use.
"It therefore does not reflect the technology changes that have been made since then," he said.
Industry groups and clean-air advocates alike say recent improvements are dramatic. The Diesel Technology Forum and the National Resources Defense Council both estimate that diesel emissions, including dangerous particles, are reduced by 99% in newer engines.
However, older engines are still in widespread use, especially in poor countries. Dr. Christopher Wild, the IARC director, said the United States and Europe already have "stringent" guidelines on diesel fumes, but that there is "relatively little information about diesel exhaust in developing countries." Other scientists warn that cancer takes years or even decades to develop, meaning that people exposed to fumes in the past are still at risk.
Mining groups have criticized the DEMS research ever since its launch in 1992. Last year, scientists funded by the industry-backed Mining Awareness Research Group (MARG) wrote a paper criticizing the DEMS study, saying its methods for estimating exposure were "imprecise" and "unreliable."
Henry Chajet, an attorney with Patton Boggs, a law firm that represents the mining awareness group, responded to the IARC decision by saying, "MARG members are deeply concerned about the study and its conclusions." He said researchers had no way to reliably estimate exposure, that the results are "confusing" and that researchers haven't shared all their data.
Chajet is an aggressive critic. Earlier this year, he sent letters to the Lancet and other medical journals, urging them to hold off publishing papers on the DEMS study. "We respectfully request that you and your counsel carefully consider any intent to publish these papers, as well as the impact and consequences of any such publication or distribution," Chajet wrote in his letter to the Lancet.
The IARC didn't specify a level at which diesel fumes are harmful, but data from DEMS suggests that cancer risks go up even at relatively modest levels -- the equivalent of air pollution in some major cities, including London, Mexico City and the Bronx section of New York City.
The IARC does not make policy recommendations, but Dr. Kurt Straif, the head of the classification program, warns that the danger may not be limited to mine workers. "We have learned from other carcinogens, such as radon, that initial studies showing a risk in heavily exposed occupational groups were followed by positive findings for the general population. Therefore actions to reduce exposures should encompass workers and the general population."
In a polluted city, the cancer risk may be low for a given individual, "but if you've got a ubiquitous exposure such as diesel engine exhaust, then it could make an awful lot of people ill," warns Lesley Rushton, a biostatistician at Imperial College London. Earlier this year, Rushton wrote an editorial in the Journal of the National Cancer Insitute, urging "stringent" standards for both occupational and environmental exposure.
Rushton also said the health risk isn't limited to cancer. For example, people with asthma had reduced lung function after simply walking for two hours down a London street heavily trafficked by diesel-powered cars and buses.


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Quick thinking puts check forgery suspects in jail
Quick thinking by an Orange police officer led to the arrest of two suspects believed to be part of a check forgery ring, possibly based in Houston.
According to a press release from the Orange Police Department, Sgt. Sarah Jefferson observed two suspicious suspects entering the Bridge City Bank on Strickland Drive in Orange. She and two other officers had been having lunch nearby at the Wok D-Lite and she quickly notified Capt. Cliff Hargrave and Sgt. Garrod Keaton, who were still at the restaurant.
Another sergeant had a police dispatcher call the bank to check on them. The teller explained that the suspects seemed very nervous and had left before getting money for the checks they were trying to cash.
At that time, the nearby officers were notified and one suspect was taken into custody in the parking lot of the Wok D-Lite. The other suspect fled but was captured after a brief foot pursuit by Sgt. Keaton.
The two suspects have been identified as Brian Edward Jolly, 37, and Albert Lee Hubbard, 52, both of Houston.


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Solution For Mid-Nite Insomnia
According to the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), 60 percent of adults or roughly 40 million American adults suffer from a sleep problem at least a few nights a week. That's a lot of people losing a lot of sleep, until now.
[Health News]
For many people, sleepless nights are the norm rather than the exception. While some have a hard time falling asleep, even more have a hard time getting back to sleep once they have awakened in the middle of the night.
According to the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), 60 percent of adults or roughly 40 million American adults suffer from a sleep problem at least a few nights a week. That's a lot of people losing a lot of sleep, until now.
"I launched MidNite because I had a problem for which I could find no solution," explains Holly Rosenthal, president of Concepts in Health, a Blauvelt, NY-based company. "My husband, an anesthesiologist, developed the product for me, to help with my debilitating middle-of-the-night insomnia."
MidNite (http://midnitesleep.com) is a natural supplement that's patented formula is the first and only that can be taken at any time of night without morning grogginess. Its natural sleep ingredient melatonin is chemically identical to the one the body makes to regulate the sleep-wake cycle, and its relaxation properties are boosted with herbals like lavender, chamomile and lemon balm.
Rosenthal explains that, because not getting out of bed is key to falling back to sleep, the product was developed as a pleasant-tasting chewable tablet that can be taken from bed without water. MidNite has seen tremendous growth since its launch, as sleep sufferers discover there is something they can stake anytime to get back to sleep. "Within six months of being on the shelves, it became one of the top non-prescription brands," says Rosenthal. "What sets this apart is that it's made with all-natural ingredients, and you can take it at any time of the night without feeling groggy or drugged in the morning, like you would with others."
To subscribe to New York's favorite Pan-African weekly investigative newspaper or to send us news tips please call (212) 481-7745 or contact email@example.com
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- Ann GarrisonFebruary 22,2018 @ 08:03 PM
I think you have "Filtered HTML" turned on here. If you switch to "Full HTML," it will probably...
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