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EMILY'S LIST v. FEC
On September 18, 2009, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia found that three Commission regulations that implement how nonconnected federal political committees may allocate funds to finance certain activities that influence both federal and non-federal elections, and that clarify when funds obtained in response to solicitations are contributions under the Federal Election Campaign Act (the Act), violate the Constitution and are in excess of the Commission's statutory authority. The court found these regulations to be invalid and ordered the district court to vacate the challenged regulations.
On March 11, 2004, the Commission issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Political Committee Status, which proposed a number of regulatory changes concerning, among other things, the definition of "political committee" and the allocation ratios for PACs. On November 23, 2004, it published final rules that define as "contributions":
- All funds received in response to a communication that indicates that any portion of the funds received will be used to support or oppose the election of a clearly identified federal candidate; and
- At least 50 percent of the funds received from such a communication if it refers to both federal and nonfederal candidates.
(The final rules were published in the November 23, 2004, Federal Register (68 FR 68056). The rules took effect on January 1, 2005.)
The regulations at issue established a new rule for when funds received by political committees in response to certain solicitations must be treated as "contributions" under the Act and thereby must abide by federal limitations and prohibitions. The regulations also modified the Commission's rules regarding how political committees may allocate spending between federal and nonfederal accounts.
Under current FEC rules, nonconnected political committees that maintain both federal and nonfederal accounts may allocate administrative expenses, costs of generic voter drives and costs of public communications that refer to a political party but not to specific candidates with a minimum of 50 percent federal funds. (The remainder may be allocated to the nonfederal account). 11 CFR 106.6. Public communications and voter drives that refer to one or more clearly identified federal candidates, but not to any nonfederal candidates, must be financed with 100 percent federal funds. 11 CFR 106.6(f)(1). Public communications and voter drives that refer to one or more clearly identified nonfederal candidates but do not refer to any federal candidates may be financed with 100 percent nonfederal funds. 11 CFR 106.6(f)(2).
With regard to solicitations, Commission regulations state that funds received in response to a solicitation must be considered federal "contributions" under the Act if the communication indicates that any portion of the funds received will be used to support or oppose the election of a clearly identified federal candidate. 11 CFR 100.57(a). Likewise, if a solicitation refers to a clearly identified federal candidate and a political party, but not to a clearly identified nonfederal candidate, all funds received in response are considered contributions. 11 CFR 100.57(b)(1). In contrast however, if the solicitation refers to one or more clearly identified nonfederal candidates, in addition to a clearly identified federal candidate, at least 50 percent of the funds received must be treated as contributions under the Act, regardless of whether the solicitation also refers to a political party. 100.57(b)(2).
Court Complaint
EMILY's List, a nonconnected political action committee (PAC) that maintains both federal and nonfederal accounts, filed a complaint on January 12, 2005, challenging the Commission's regulations regarding the treatment of funds received in response to certain solicitations and its amended rules regarding federal/nonfederal fund allocation ratios for PACs.
The plaintiff alleged that the Commission exceeded its statutory authority in these regulations because the Federal Election Campaign Act (the Act) only regulates money spent by nonconnected committees "for the purpose of influencing any election for Federal office." 2 U.S.C. §431(8) and (9). According to the plaintiff, the solicitation regulations exceed the Commission's statutory authority by requiring that funds be considered "contributions" under the Act even if they will also be used for nonfederal elections or other nonfederal activities. Similarly, the plaintiff alleged that the new allocation rules exceed the Commission's statutory authority by requiring federal funds to be used to pay for nonfederal activities. According to the plaintiff, these allocation rules result in "a mandatory subsidization of nonfederal electoral expenses with federal funds" and restrict activities that are not for the purpose of influencing a federal election.
The plaintiff further alleged that the regulations violate the Administrative Procedures Act (APA) because the Commission failed to give proper notice of the final regulations or to give interested parties a fair and meaningful opportunity to comment. According to the plaintiff, the proposed solicitation rules only addressed express advocacy communications, and the proposed allocation rules did not suggest a "blanket" 50 percent allocation ratio, but instead focused on a "promote, support, attack, or oppose" standard for determining how a given cost should be allocated. Thus, the plaintiff alleged that the Commission's notice of the proposed rules did not give reasonable notice of the scope or nature of the final regulations, in violation of 5 U.S.C. §553(b).
In addition, the plaintiff claimed that the regulations are arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion, in violation of 5 U.S.C. §706(2)(A). The plaintiff alleged that the FEC failed to provide a rational explanation for its decisions or to take public comments into account when making its final rules. According to the plaintiff, the FEC also failed to identify for these rules "any purpose to deter corruption or the appearance of corruption, and they serve no such purpose."
Finally, the plaintiff alleged that the challenged regulations violate its First Amendment rights. The plaintiff claimed that in Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976), and McConnell v. FEC, 540 U.S. 93 (2003), the Supreme Court prohibited the FEC from restricting the types and amounts of funds used to influence federal elections unless the restrictions are narrowly tailored to prevent corruption or the appearance thereof. According to the plaintiff, the regulations in question are unconstitutionally vague and overbroad.
Preliminary Injunction
District Court Decision
On February 25, 2005, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia denied the plaintiff's request for a preliminary injunction in this case.
When deciding whether to grant a preliminary injunction, courts consider whether:
- The party requesting the injunction is substantially likely to win the case on its merits;
- The requester would suffer irreparable injury if the injunction were not granted;
- An injunction would substantially injure other interested parties; and
- The public interest would be furthered by the injunction.
In this case, the court found that each of these standards weighed in favor of the FEC and that "the interests of both Defendant and the public would be disserved by the granting of Plaintiff's motion." Thus the court ordered that EMILY's List's motion for a preliminary injunction be denied.
Appeals Court Decision
On December 22, 2005, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit upheld the district court's refusal to grant EMILY's List's request for preliminary injunctive relief. The suit challenges Commission regulations regarding the treatment of funds raised through certain solicitations and the rules on federal/nonfederal allocation by political action committees. See the April 2005 Record [PDF].
The appeals court found that the district court had not abused its discretion in denying injunctive relief. The district court had considered whether EMILY's List has a substantial likelihood of success on the merits, whether it would suffer irreparable injury absent an injunction, and whether an injunction would substantially injure other interested parties or further the public interest. In light of the evidence of irreparable harm shown submitted by EMILY's List and its likelihood of prevailing on the merits, the appeals court affirmed the district court's decision.
Summary Judgment
On July 31, 2008, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia held that EMILY's List has standing to challenge both the rule regarding how political committees must treat funds received in response to certain solicitations and the rules for how federal and nonfederal activities must be allocated. EMILY's List brings a facial challenge to the rules rather than an "as-applied" challenge, asserting that the rules are overly broad under the First Amendment because "an individual whose own speech or conduct may be prohibited is permitted to challenge a statute on its face."
The court also held that the allocation and contribution limits that EMILY's List challenged in this case are contribution limits, which are subject to lesser scrutiny than the "strict scrutiny" standard that is typically applied to limits on campaign expenditures. The Supreme Court has "recognized that contribution limits, unlike limits on expenditures,'entail only a marginal restriction upon the contributor's ability to engage in free communication.'" Moreover, contribution limits do not pose the same danger to associational rights as expenditure restrictions because the "overall effect of dollar limits on contributions is merely to require candidates and political committees to raise funds from a greater number of persons."
The district court held in this case that the challenged solicitation and allocation regulations serve the governmental interest of preventing corruption and the appearance of corruption by foreclosing the circumvention of the Act's contribution limits. The court held that EMILY's List cannot establish that the FEC's allocation regulations are facially overbroad since the regulations are closely drawn to match the sufficiently important interests of preventing corruption and the appearance of corruption by preventing the use of nonfederal funds for communications that may influence federal elections. The court also held that the solicitation regulations are closely drawn to match sufficiently important government interests and thus must be upheld under a lesser scrutiny standard. The court denied EMILY's List's motion for summary judgment and granted the FEC's cross-motion for summary judgment.
Court Decision
On September 18, 2009, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia held that Commission regulations at 11 CFR 106.6(c), 106.6(f) and 100.57 violate the First Amendment and exceed the FEC's authority under the Act.
In its discussion of the First Amendment, the court referred to Buckley v. Valeo, which found that campaign contributions and expenditures constitute "speech" and, therefore, fall under the protection of the First Amendment. The court noted that in Davis v. FEC 128 S. Ct. 2759, 2773 (2008), it was decided that limiting contributions and expenditures in an effort to equalize the political field is not a "legitimate government interest" and, therefore, cannot be the reasoning behind these types of regulations. The court went on to state that the only legitimate government interest that allows for the restriction of campaign finances is preventing corruption or the appearance of corruption. The appeals court stated that that government interest has only been applied to contributions to candidates and parties because those two groups pose the greatest risk of quid pro quo corruption. Buckley, 424 U.S. at 26-27; see also Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley, 454 U.S. 290, 296-97 (1981).
The court stated that, since the regulations in question do not address candidates, parties or for-profit corporations, which the court said are the only entities the Supreme Court has allowed these types of limits to be placed on, the appeals court had to determine how to apply the above principles to non-profit entities. The court determined that "the central issue turns out to be whether independent non-profits are treated like individual citizens (who under Buckley have the right to spend unlimited money to support their preferred candidates) or like political parties (which under McConnell [v. FEC, 540 U.S. 93 (2003),] do not have the right to raise and spend unlimited soft money)." The court then made a distinction between three different types of non-profits and stated how their contributions and expenditures can be regulated.
First, the court stated, there are non-profits that make no contributions, but only expenditures for political activities such as advertisements and GOTV activities. In the decision, the court stated that "non-profit entities, like individual citizens, are constitutionally entitled to raise and spend unlimited money in support of candidates for elected office—with the narrow exception that, under Austin, the Government may restrict to some degree how non-profits spend donations received from the general treasuries of forprofit corporations or unions."
The court stated that a second category of non-profits are those that make contributions to candidates, but no expenditures. The court stated that these groups can be limited in the contributions they receive.
The court stated that a third category, which includes EMILY's List, consists of those non-profits that make both contributions and expenditures. According to the court, such groups "are entitled to make their expenditures…out of a soft-money or general treasury account that is not subject to source and amount limits," as long as they make their contributions from a hard-money account. The court did not interpret McConnell as permitting the types of soft-money restrictions currently placed on political parties to be applied to non-profits like EMILY's List.
The court then held that sections 106.6(c), 106.6(f) and 100.57 are not closely drawn to meet an important government interest and would, therefore, be struck down. Among other things, the court stated that "non-profits are constitutionally entitled to pay 100 percent of the costs of…voter drive activities [and generic campaign activity] out of their soft-money accounts."1 The court reached the same conclusion for ads that refer to a federal candidate.2 It further stated that the solicitation regulation unconstitutionally prohibits a non-profit from stating that the money it is raising will be used to support its preferred candidate.3 The court also held that the regulations exceeded the Commission's statutory authority because, the court said, they required non-profits to use hard money for activities that were exclusively non-federal. The court found the regulations to be invalid and ordered the district court to vacate the challenged regulations.
Judge Brown concurred in the result reached by the two judges in the majority because she agreed that the regulations exceeded the Commission's authority under the Act. However, she disagreed with the majority's First Amendment analysis, and she stated that the court's decision to reach the constitutional questions was unnecessary.
1 11 CFR 106.6(c) requires that nonconnected political committees maintaining both a federal and a nonfederal account allocate administrative expenses, costs of generic voter drives and costs of public communications that refer to a political party, but not to a specific candidate, with a minimum of 50 percent federal funds.
2 11 CFR 106.6(f)(1) requires that public communications and voter drives that refer to one or more clearly identified federal candidates, but not to any nonfederal candidates, must be financed with 100 percent federal funds.
3 11 CFR 100.57 states that funds received in response to a solicitation must be considered federal "contributions" under the Act if the communication indicates that any portion of the funds received will be used to support or oppose the election of a clearly identified federal candidate.
Source: FEC Record -- March 2005 [PDF]; April 2005 [PDF]; September 2008 [PDF]; November 2009 [PDF].
EPSTEIN v. FEC
On September 23, 1981, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia issued an order in Jon Epstein v. FEC (Civil Action No. 81-0336) upholding the Commission's determination in an administrative complaint that plaintiff had brought against the Reader's Digest Assoc., Inc. in March 1981. Plaintiff's suit sought review of the FEC's dismissal of his complaint (Matter Under Review [MUR] 1283), pursuant to 2 U.S.C. §437g. In the complaint, he alleged that an ad Reader's Digest had placed in the August 27, 1980, edition of the Washington Post constituted illegal corporate contributions to the campaigns of the Democratic and Republican Congressmen whose excerpted articles had appeared in the ad (in violation of 2 U.S.C. §441b). Introductory and concluding copy in the ad had also promoted Reader's Digest as a "forum for ideas." Plaintiff claimed the FEC's dismissal of his complaint was contrary to law.
The court found that the standard used by the FEC in dismissing the complaint was not arbitrary or otherwise contrary to law. The court held that the "...Commission may reasonably determine that expenditures on publicity that have a purpose other than assistance of political candidates...were not intended by Congress to be" regulated by the Act. This is particularly true, the court said, when the "major purpose" of the publicity is "not to advocate the election of candidates, but to promote the organization paying for the publicity." The court further noted that, in making this determination, the FEC had "relied upon a growing body of decisions...that remove advertisements and other forms of publicity from the Act's prohibition" on corporate expenditures, even though the advertisements" may have political aspects."
Moreover, the court found no merit in plaintiff's argument that the General Counsel's Report did not explain the Commission's decision to dismiss the complaint. "The General Counsel's Memorandum alone, if it is complete enough to have provided a basis for the Commission decision to accept the General Counsel's recommendation, will be adequate for judicial review under section 437g(a)(8)." Nor did the court find merit in plaintiff's contention that the ad was partisan because it offered commentary only by representatives of the two major parties. The court held that the issue was not "the narrowness, or diversity, of the political views" represented in the ad but rather whether the ad served a "partisan purpose."
Source: FEC Record -- November 1981, p. 4.
Epstein v. FEC, 2 Fed. Elec. Camp. Fin. Guide (CCH) 9161 (D.D.C. 1981), aff'd mem., 684 F.2d 1032 (D.C. Cir. 1982).


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Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
Ever wondered who would triumph in a one-on-one battle between Larry Bird and Oscar "The Big O" Robertson, or Bill Walton versus Robert "The Chief" Parish? Now gamers have the opportunity to play basketball as one of their favorite legendary basketball superstars. The excitement of the court hits home as players can take part in a slew of basketball mini-games including several classics: "Around the World," "H.O.R.S.E.," and "Slam Dunk Contest." Play head-to-head with a friend to become a legend in Multiplayer mode and unlock new arenas, players and games as you tackle the Campaign mode.

subset: commoncrawl


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It looks like all the bids are in, and Dish Network ended up with the highest figure at $1.9 billion for the service.
But don't count Google out! They made a much bigger $4 billion bid for a more comprehensive deal. What's gonna happen??
Well, now Hulu needs to figure out what it wants. Dish wants not only the streaming content but also the tech behind it, which is why their bid was higher than players like Amazon and Yahoo who weren't too psyched about the two-year expiration date on content deals. And that's also why Google offered so much more: they want at least twice as much time with all that lovely content.
U.S. & World
So Hulu needs to decide which buyer to go with, if either of them. They could decide to not sell to anybody, after all, seeing as they were hoping to have a traditional bid of over $2 billion. We'll just have to see what they end up deciding.
Via Business Insider


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Disney Vacation Club A Primer
This article appeared in the November 27, 2001 Issue #114 of ALL EARS® (ISSN: 1533-0753)
The Disney Vacation Club (DVC) is the Disney version of a vacation ownership program. It was created in 1991 by Disney Vacation Development, Inc., a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company. Unlike a traditional timeshare where owners buy a specific size unit in a set time of year, the DVC works on a point system giving owners the flexibility to travel when they want, as often as they want, for however long they want, and in whatever size unit they choose.
Also, unlike traditional timeshares, your Disney Vacation Club membership, for most properties, ends on January 31, 2042. Membership at Saratoga Springs Resort and Spa will end on January 31, 2054, membership at the Animal Kingdom Villas will end on January 31, 2057, Bay Lake Tower ends in 2060 and Aulani, in Hawaii, ends January 31, 2062. . Although you are buying a "real-estate interest" and your purchase is actually deeded, your ownership ceases to exist after these dates.
Points? How do the "points" work?
When you buy into the Disney Vacation Club, you purchase a set number of "vacation points." The minimum number of points that may be bought in your initial purchase, if buying through Disney directly, is currently 160 and the maximum is 2000.
You only buy these points once — they are then allocated on a yearly basis until the contract's end. For example, if you buy 250 "vacation points" in your initial purchase, you will receive 250 points each year to "spend" on your vacation accommodations.
When using your DVC points to reserve accommodations, the time of year, the resort chosen and the size of the unit will determine how many points are necessary. A two-bedroom unit uses more points than a one-bedroom unit. Weekday stays use less points than weekend stays. Booking a week in a studio at the Old Key West Resort in July will use more points (109) than booking that same size unit during January (80). Owners are supplied with easy to understand "point charts" and, with a little planning, points can be stretched a long way.
What is a "Use Year"?
The "use year" is actually the month of the year when your points become available for use. If you bought your points in an August "use year," your yearly points will be available each year until the end of your contract, from August 1 of one year until July 31 of the next.
What does it cost to become a member?
Initial purchase: The current price to purchase ownership in the DVC, from the DVC, is $140 – $165 per point (based on the resort) with a 100-point minimum. There are often various incentives offered, usually in the form of a discount. Points for older "sold out" properties, when inventory becomes available, can usually be had for a reduced price. Points can sometimes be purchased through a resale agent for less than the current DVC retail price.
Interest: When purchasing through the Disney Vacation Club, financing the cost of membership is an option. The DVC offers one, three, five, seven and 10-year plans.
Annual Dues: Annual dues are paid yearly and are based on the amount of points owned. The 2013 fees range from $4.50 per point at Bay Lake Tower to $7.41 per point at Vero Beach.
Exchange fee: A fee of $95 is charged when booking a vacation through the Member Getaways program, the Concierge Collection or the Disney Cruise.
What is my "Home Resort"?
The "home resort" is the DVC resort at which you bought your vacation points. Once the minimum purchase of 160 points is complete, you may also "add on" points at any other DVC resort. Your home resort advantage is that you can book your stays on this property up to 11 months ahead, as opposed to 7 months ahead for other DVC resorts.
Example: If all of your points were purchased at the Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge, you can book your stay up to 11 months in advance at this property. If you wanted to stay at Disney's BoardWalk Villas, you would have to wait until 7 months out to book this trip. This five-month "window" allows owners at Disney's BoardWalk Villas to have ample time to book their vacation before it becomes available to all DVC members.
What are "Banking" and "Borrowing"?
The policy of the DVC is to let you "bank" any unused vacation points into the upcoming use year or "borrow" points from the next use year. No more than three years of points can be combined at any one time. There are time limits on when banking is allowed, and once banked or borrowed, points cannot be returned to their original use year.
Example 1: Your use year is February 2009. You would like to book your vacation for December 2008 using more points than you have available in your 2008 use year. You may borrow up to 100% of your February 2009 points for the December 2008 vacation (but you will then not have any points available for your February 2009 use year).
Example 2: You are planning a big family reunion in August 2010 and want to reserve a grand villa, using more points than will be available in your contract. You may bank up to 100% of any unused points from the 2009 use year into your 2010 use year for this purpose.
Which of the Walt Disney World Resorts are part of the DVC?
Currently, Animal Kingdom Villas, Disney's Old Key West, Disney's BoardWalk Villas, the Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge, Saratoga Springs Resort and Spa, Disney's Beach Club Villas, Bay Lake Tower at the Contemporary, and the Tree House Villas at Saratoga Springs are DVC properties. Points at Animal Kingdom Villas and Bay Lake Tower are the only resorts with points available for sale directly from the DVC. (Occasionally, limited inventory is available at the other "sold-out" DVC properties, but this is rare.)
Will I be treated any differently when staying as a DVC member rather than a regular Walt Disney World resort guest?
The only major difference in your stay as a DVC member is that you will get housekeeping services less frequently. For stays of fewer than eight days, DVC members get a "trash and tidy" day on the fourth day of their stay. For stays of eight days or more, members get a full cleaning on Day 4 and a "trash and tidy" day on Day 8. Additional housekeeping services are available for a fee.
Where else can I stay?
Just about anywhere! Other DVC properties are Disney's Vero Beach Resort in Florida, Disney's Hilton Head Island Resort in South Carolina, and Aulani in Hawaii. Members can also use their points for a variety of other vacations, including other Walt Disney World resorts, the Disney Cruise Line, Adventures by Disney, resorts in Disneyland in California and Disneyland Paris, and can also trade out to over 350 destinations worldwide through RCI.
Will I have difficulty getting the dates I want?
With a little advance planning, there shouldn't be a problem. Be sure to take advantage of your 11 month booking window for your home resort! If you decide in August that you'd really love to stay in a two-bedroom villa at Disney's Bay Lake Tower during Christmas break, yes!
What are the benefits of being a member?
Members have access to toll-free vacation planning through "Member Services." Member Services can help with flights, car rentals, room requests and Priority Seating for meals. They are also available to assist in booking "Member Getaway" vacations, to arrange for groceries to be delivered to your room, or to just answer questions.
Members have pool-hopping privileges at other Walt Disney World Resorts (excluding the Animal Kingdom Lodge and Stormalong Bay at the Yacht and Beach Club and Beach Club Villas), when pools are not at capacity.
Members receive discounts on golf, shopping, spa treatments (at Saratoga Springs) and annual passes. Dining discounts at select restaurants are occasionally offered (usually 10% – 20%), and discounted tickets are available for Disney Quest, Pleasure Island and the water parks.
Reduced room rates are available at DVC resorts if staying on a cash reservation.
The price of your yearly vacation only changes by the increase in annual dues, usually much less than the yearly increase in resort room rates.
Okay…I've decided this is a good deal for me. How many points do I need?
This is a very personal decision, based on your vacation needs and your budget. Will you be vacationing once a year, once every other year, or three times in one year? Do you need a grand villa to fit you and all the grandkids, or are you looking for a comfortable studio for two? What time of the year will you most likely be visiting? What time of the year will you most likely visit in the future?
If you are a family of four, looking to book a one-bedroom at the Villas at the Wilderness Lodge for a week every October, 214 points will cover that yearly vacation. If you are a family of four with young children, your vacation needs may change over time. Looking at the point cost for the same unit during school breaks (252 – 270 points) may be a more realistic assessment of your needs.
Is there a minimum purchase requirement?
Yes and no. If buying through Disney directly, in order to become a Disney Vacation Club Member, you must purchase a minimum of 100 points. If purchasing through a reseller, there is no minimum purchase. Once the initial purchase is complete, you may "add on" points at either your home resort or at any other DVC resort. Through Disney, the minimum amount of add-on points is 50 points if using Disney's financing or 25 points if paying cash (subject to change).
Where do I purchase?
If you plan to purchase directly from the Disney Vacation Club, please contact us for a referral to a sales person (thereby helping to support AllEars) The direct number for DVC is 1-800-500-3990 will connect you to a DVC representative. You can also visit http://disneyvacationclub.com for more information.
Resales are available and sometimes can get you a good deal! Shontell Crawford is a licensed real estate broker dealing primarily with DVC property, and she would be happy to answer your questions. You can find more information by visiting her website at www.DvcByResale.com, calling 1-800-844-4099 or by sending an email to [email protected]. Tell her that AllEars.net sent you!
What are the advantages in buying directly from Disney? How about through a reseller?
One advantage to buying directly from Disney is the occasional incentive program offered. The DVC periodically offers incentive programs such as pro-rated annual dues, discounts and even a free cruise on the Disney Cruise Line. (The specifics of each program change often, so check with a DVC guide for the most current information.) Other advantages are that Disney offers an attractive financing package with no prepayment penalty and that there are no closing costs involved when purchasing.
Advantages of buying through a reseller are that points may be available at the Old Key West Resort, the Boardwalk Villas, the Beach Club Villas or the Villas at the Wilderness Lodge, properties that are sold out if buying directly through the Disney Vacation Club. Also, when buying through a reseller, the price per point may be less than if buying directly through Disney.
Are there other sources of information about the DVC?
There are some excellent sites on the Internet with Disney Vacation Club information.
DVC News: http://dvcnews.com/
The DIS Boards also are an excellent source of information and exchange.
I still have some questions, is there a DVC Guide I can talk to?
Editor's Note: This story/information was accurate when it was published. Please be sure to confirm all current rates, information and other details before planning your trip.


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The product contains Sontha, Pipal, Chavya, Piplamul, Hing, Ajmod, Indrajau, Patha, Vidanga, Kutki, Atis, Vacha, Triphala, Guggulu, Vang bhasma, Lauh bhasma, Nag bhasma, Raupya bhasm, Abhrak bhasm, Mandoor bhasma, Ras sindoor.
It is used to treat Rheumatism, Leprosy, Jaundice, Colitis, Spermaturia, Intestinal Colic, Asthma, Bronchitis.
This product is to be used as mentioned by manufacturer or as directed by the physician.
Use Under Medical Supervision


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White House community college tour launches from Columbus State
At the Community College 2 Career panel discussion, Scott Steward, far right, speaks about his experience training to work as a business analyst for Nationwide Insurance. From left are President Harrison, LogisticsART graduate Erin Woodward, Dr. Jill Biden, LogisticsART graduate Marlon Hairston, LogisticsART graduate Sherry Gassaway, and U.S. Labor Secretary Hilda Solis.
Social Sciences presents roundtable next week
The Social Sciences Department will offer a Teaching and Research Interest Group Winter Roundtable titled "Is Keynesianism Dead?" on Tuesday, February 28, from 3:30-4:30 p.m. in Delaware Hall Room 121. The session will be a panel discussion on the relevance of Keynesian economic theory in today's economic, political and social environment. The moderator will be Bob Fitrakis, with panelists Susan Abdel-Gawad, Janet Gross, Clayton Kie, Brent Funderburk and James Moore.
Feel free to bring your students to this panel discussion.
Please contact Jonathan Kreger if you are interested in attending.
Employee Service Awards are coming soon!
The annual Service Awards Recognition Program will held Tuesday, April 3, with a special reception for recipients of awards ranging from five years to 30 years of service to Columbus State.
It is important that we confirm each award winner's correct information, so if you are expecting to earn a service award of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 years of service; or 25, 50, 75, or 100 quarters of service for adjunct faculty—please go online here: http://www.cscc.edu/hr/awards.shtml to check the spelling of your name and the correct years of service category.
Important: Please contact email@example.com to confirm that your information is correct, or to report any discrepancies on the list.
If you do not find your name on the awards list and feel this is in error, please send your concerns to email@example.com.
Article features Humanities, ITDL partnership
Jason LaMar, developer in Instructional Technologies and Distance Learning (ITDL) and Lita Tzortzopoulou-Gregory, instructor in Humanities, are featured in an article on 3D technology in the February issue of Campus Technology magazine. The article highlights their collaborative work with Ohio State University in Greece last summer as an innovative use of 3D learning in higher education. You can read the article here:
Shared directories to move to new server
Communications Technologies and PC Services will move campus departmental shared directories to a new server next weekend, March 3 and 4. This is the drive typically labeled V: in Windows Explorer. For most users this will be a seamless process very similar to the recent Home Directory move.
On the morning of Monday, March 5, scanning documents from the Ricoh copiers to network storage will not work for a few hours while we reconfigure the Ricoh devices throughout campus to point to the new servers. By the afternoon, everything should be back to normal.
If you have questions or problems please call the IT Support Center at 5050 and we will resolve the situation promptly.
Deadline for Fee Waivers is March 12
The deadline for Employee/Dependent Fee Waivers for Spring Quarter 2012 is Monday, March 12. A Request for Fee Waiver form must be turned into Human Resources by 4:30 p.m. to guarantee that fee waivers will be processed before late fees are assessed.
You may also pay your fees first and be reimbursed within 30 days from the start of the quarter by completing the Request for Fee Waiver form and submitting an official payment receipt into Human Resources by April 26. If you have any questions, please contact Susan Thompson at ext. 2406.
Wilson, Rezin to sit on national board
Chuck Wilson, Ford ASSET coordinator, and Andy Rezin, Ph.D., chair of Automotive Technology, have been selected to sit on the ASSET National Advisory Board. From the 40 ASSET schools in the United States, only five colleges have been chosen to serve on the advisory board.
The Ford ASSET (Automotive Student Service Educational Training) program is a partnership between Ford Motor Company and local participating community schools and colleges. The program provides its students with on-the-job training at a Ford dealership while they earn an associate degree in Automotive Technology.
Smith graduates from Law Enforcement Executive program
Lt. Kevin Smith, Columbus State Police Department, recently graduated from the 14-month Certified Law Enforcement Executive (CLEE) program.
The CLEE program is a unique course co-sponsored by the Law Enforcement Foundation, Inc. and the Ohio Association of Chiefs of Police. The instructors include noted faculty members at universities across the Midwest and consultants to business and industry.
Participants were selected for the program by meeting set standards in experience, formal and continuing education, as well as professional-related experience. For more than a year, they received instruction in modules concerned with ethics; change management; interpersonal skills; vision, mission and organizational values; strategic planning; external environmental management; and resource allocation and utilization.
Lt. Kevin Smith, center, is presented his certificate by (right) Joseph Morbitzer, Westerville Chief of Police and the Chair of the CLEE Executive Board, and (left)Russell Martin, Delaware Chief of Police and President of the Ohio Association of Chief's of Police.


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Kvarnsjö leather has made this suede leather watchband of wild Swedish fallow deer, making it by far the smoothest and most comfortable suede leather watchband available.
Spring bars are included
Technical information:
Measurements: 19,4 cm in length (11,7 cm x 7,7 cm) and about 3 mm thick. The strap width at the buckle is 2 mm less than the spring bar width. If you want to change the buckle, choose a buckle that is 2 mm narrower than the lug size (16 mm buckle for 18 mm straps, 18 mm buckle for 20 mm straps, and 20 mm buckle for 22 mm straps).
Material: suede from fallow deer


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Athens erupted in riots late Wednesday as parliament met to vote on the latest austerity measures needed to win more international aid.
Smoke and tear gas filled the streets just as parliament struggled to forge a consensus on the new austerity plans. Meanwhile, workers were winding down a two-day strike to protest the budget-cutting moves designed to reduce Greece's crushing public debt burden.
Dozens of workers in Greece's parliament walked off the job, interrupting a heated debate on a package of cost cuts, tax hikes and labor reforms Athens must pass to receive badly needed aid.
The parliamentary workers exited the assembly in protest against salary and benefit cuts included in the 500-odd page draft law under discussion in the chamber.
Greece's cash-strapped government needs 151 of 300 members of parliament (MPs) to vote in favor of the bill on austerity measures for 2013-16 – measures that were agreed to with international lenders following a torturous 40 day negotiating marathon.
Should the vote fail, Greece will not receive its next financial aid installment—31.5 billion euros ($40.2 billion)—on Monday. That could plunge the Hellenic republic deeper into a financial abyss, and may hasten the long-feared scenario of a euro zone exit, which some analysts call a 'Grexit'.
Athens' struggles come at an awkward time for the euro zone as a whole. Earlier on Wednesday, the European Commission said the 17-nation currency bloc will see scant growth next year, as a slowdown spreads to each of the euro club's biggest economies. That may erode public support — which is already waning — for giving Greece more money.
"If the Greek parliament fails to approve the fiscal package this will put Grexit back on the investors' radar screens and fuel risk aversion weighing on risk-correlated currencies and boosting safe haven currencies like the U.S. dollar and Japanese yen, " Valentin Marinov, director of currency strategy at Citi, said. He forecast that the euro could continue to fall against the dollar if the bill doesn't pass.
- Read More: Athens Starts Countdown to Bailout Deal
While the coalition government which took power in June has 175 MPs in total—127 New Democracy, 32 Pasok, 16 Democratic Left—some of the MPS from its junior partners Pasok and Democratic Left are increasingly restive.
The Democratic Left have said they plan to vote against the measures, because of reforms to the labor market, as have several Pasok MPs, bringing the government's majority into dangerous territory.
As it stands, the bill looks to have the backing of 154 MPs, but it would take just a few MPs from Pasok, traditionally New Democracy's greatest rivals, to tip the balance the other way.
Wednesday's vote is also an early signal of how MPs may vote on the new budget, which is put to the vote on Sunday.
The market is expected to move towards a more risk-on mode if the bill passes, according to strategists at Lloyds, who expect it to be approved with a very slim majority. They forecast that if the bill passes, safe haven 10 year German Bunds should move above 1.5 percent.
"Today is one of those future-defining days," they wrote in a research note.
—By Catherine Boyle and Javier E. David.
Reuters contributed to this report.


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Social media is more than just reconnecting with old friends on Facebook
Say you've spilled buffer on your formaldehyde gel recipe, or your protein purification protocol is tattered beyond recognition. Don't worry; there's a site for that. Chances are, you can find what you need on the internet: protocols, recipes and, on the forums, advice ad infinitum. The contents of countless scientific tomes and manuals are readily available on the web. But say you're ready to leave the bench behind, and you're on the hunt for a "real" job. Well, there's a site for that too.
The job-seeker's mantra always has been "network, network, network," and the internet has made networking a far more efficient process than it used to be. Where to start? You could use Facebook, but there's always the possibility of your future boss happening upon embarrassing photos from some long-past summer break. A widely used alternative is LinkedIn, which bills itself as the world's largest professional network on the Internet and maintains a membership of more than 90 million people worldwide.
Career counselors at scientific institutions often encourage membership in LinkedIn. At the National Institutes of Health, the Office of Intramural Training and Education has transitioned from forwarding job postings via e-mail to sending them to members of its LinkedIn group, providing an incentive for members of the NIH community to join LinkedIn. "[LinkedIn] is good for moving forward professionally," says Lori Conlan, director of the Office of Postdoctoral Services at the NIH. "It's a great way to connect with people in a social network that's not Facebook."
It's easy to think of one's self as the beneficiary of all of those connections – a node at the edge of the network – but for scientific organizations, the real power of social media comes from being at the center of it all. "I think the conversation has changed to a large extent for all of us endeavoring to further scientists' careers," says Melanie Sinche, formerly a career counselor at the NIH and the new director of the Office for Postdoctoral Affairs at Harvard University. "We are no longer simply sending information in one direction, to be consumed by a passive population – we are now actively engaged in conversation," Sinche explains.
While social media can help broadcast an organization's message more clearly or advertise a scientific seminar more efficiently, maintaining the conversation takes time and effort: updating blog posts often enough to keep people coming back, for example. "Incorporating social media into any organization's mission takes thoughtful planning and strategic thinking," Sinche notes. To that end, Sinche is heading a workshop titled "Using social media to build relationships and market your program effectively" at the National Postdoctoral Association's annual meeting. In the workshop, Sinche plans to examine case studies of how scientific organizations have used social media successfully to engage postdocs and assist them in career development. For those interested in using social media, Sinche recommends an initial review of current best practices – she likes the U.S. Army's Social Media Handbook. But don't be intimidated by all of the guidelines, says Sinche: "Try blogging or tweeting on a topic of interest – you might find you really enjoy it!"
Whether you're an outlying node in the social network or in the thick of it, there is actual science to be had. If you miss the excitement of benchwork, try citizen science, in which you can participate in a project, often with a network of volunteers, to conduct research. One of the longest-running citizen science projects is the Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count, conducted by volunteers every November since 1900. A century later, NASA introduced its ClickWorkers project, which enlists volunteers to count craters on the surface of Mars. There's also DIYbio, an organization "dedicated to making biology an accessible pursuit for citizen scientists." Local DIYbio groups use social media sites like Meetup.com and Google Groups to coordinate events from Chicago to Copenhagen, tackling projects both simple (extracting DNA from cheek swabs in New York City) and complex (developing an inexpensive way to synthesize Taq polymerase in Baltimore).
You can find ASBMB on LinkedIn and Facebook too.
Scientists are making use of social media in their day jobs too. This past April, researchers from Stanford University published a paper describing an algorithm they developed to predict the spread of infectious disease and inform vaccine administration using social networking data collected from Facebook. And in October, astronaut Douglas Wheelock checked in to the location-based social media site Foursquare from space, then tweeted about it moments later to nearly 100,000 Earth-bound followers.
From job searches to vicarious space travel – and advice about that blank Western blot too – social media surely is every scientist's friend.
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Rugby World Cup
Tonga primed for physical encounter
ESPNscrum Staff
September 7, 2011
Finau Maka will captain Tonga in their opening clash © Getty Images
Tonga have named their side charged with attempting one of the biggest upsets the World Cup has ever seen.
Isitolo Maka's side face hosts and tournament favourites New Zealand on Friday in the World Cup opener and despite having the worst discipline in the tournament's history - with three red cards and seven yellows to their name - captain Finau Maka is adamant his side will throw everything they have at the All Blacks.
Tonga's recent disciplinary record has improved though with the All Blacks naming a physical backline instead of unleashing their flyers, coach Graham Henry is anticipating a battle of attrition. And captain Maka is adamant that no quarter will be given in their opening clash.
"We won't hold back on the physical approach, definitely," Maka said. "I think our three Pacific island teams like to play physical games so we're just going to take it to the All Blacks on Friday and see if they can stop us."
Vungakoto Lilo, Viliame Iongi, Sukanaivalu Hufanga, Andre Ma'ilei, Siale Piutau, Kurt Morath, Taniela Moa; Soane Tonga'uiha, Aleki Lutui, Taufa'ao Filise, Paino Hehea, Joseph Tuineau, Sione Kalamafoni, Finau Maka, Viliami Ma'afu
Replacements: Ephraim Taukafa, Alisona Taumalolo, Kisi Pulu, Sione Timani, Samiu Vahafolau, Samisoni Fisilau, Alipate Fatafehi
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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Wines which have spirit added to them to raise the alcohol volume are known as fortified wines. Port (from Portugal), sherry (from Spain) and Madeira (from the eponymous island in the Atlantic Ocean) are the main styles, with a supporting role from Marsala (from Sicily) and the French fortified wines, Pineau des Charentes and Ratafia.
Enjoy responsibly
Copyright © The Whisky Exchange 1999-2019. All Rights Reserved.
The Whisky Exchange is the registered trademark of Speciality Drinks Limited.
Registered in England and Wales (Company No. 4449145). Registered Office: Elixir House, Whitby Avenue, Park Royal, London NW10 7SF, UK.


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The Starred Messages feature allows you to bookmark specific messages so you can quickly refer back to them later.
Note: Removing the star will not delete the message.
To see your starred messages in a specific chat, tap on the name of the group or individual chat, then tap starred messages. You can see the starred messages in all your chats by tapping More and selecting starred messages.
Learn how to use the Starred Messages feature on: Android | iPhone


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ICC introdues changes to playing conditions
ICC introdues changes to playing conditions
KABUL (Pajhwok): The International Cricket Council (ICC) has introduced changes to its playing conditions which will take effect from September 28.
A restriction on the dimensions of the bat, introduction of player send-offs for misconduct and changes to the decision review system ae the highlights of the new playing conditions.
In a statement. ICC said the changes would commence from the Test series between South Africa and Bangladesh, as well as the one between Pakistan and Sri Lanka in the United Arab Emirates.
The playing conditions will incorporate the relevant clauses from the MCC Laws of Cricket (2017 Code), meaning that all regulations will be captured in one document for each format.
ICC General Manager Geoff Allardice said: "Most of the changes to the playing conditions are being made as a result of changes to the Laws of Cricket that have been announced by the MCC.
"We have just completed a workshop with the umpires to ensure they understand all of the changes and we are now ready to introduce the new playing conditions to international matches."
The size of bat edges as well as their thickness, its length and width remain unchanged but the thickness of the edges could not exceed 40mm. The overall depth can be 67 mm at the most.
Umpires will be issued with a new bat gauge, which they can use to check a bat's legality, according to the statement, which said a player could be sent off the field for the rest of the match for any serious misconduct.
The changes will be applicable across all formats, as will be a change in the decision review system rules, meaning a review will not be lost in case of a decision that remains unchanged, solely as the result of an 'umpire's call'.
As for DRS in Test matches, there will be no more top-up reviews after 80 overs of an innings -- there can only be two unsuccessful reviews in each innings, while the DRS will now also be allowed to be used in T20Is.
A batsman will not be run out if he/she is running or diving towards the crease with forward momentum and has grounded his/her bat behind the popping crease but subsequently lost contact with the ground at the time of the wickets being put down.
The same interpretation will also apply to a batsman trying to regain his/her ground to avoid being stumped.
For boundary catches, airborne fielders making their first contact with the ball will need to have taken off from within the boundary, otherwise a boundary will be scored.
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J. L. Boockholdt ASSISTANT PROFESSOR UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
Abstract: This article is concerned with the problems of nineteenth century rail-road asset valuation. The article presents some legal reasons for the early use of depreciation and continues with specific illustrations of railroad financial state-ments in the 1840s. The article concludes by stating that many of the basic con-cepts of accounting theory such as disclosure, matching measurement of cash flow had origins in railroad accounting.
The first steam driven locomotive started operating in England during the year 1830, and in the same year was introduced to the United States. Thus a study of railroad accounting practices should begin with information from the decade of the 1830's. The evolution of railroad accounting is traced to 1926, the year in which the Inter-state Commerce Commission began to stipulate railroad deprecia-tion policies.
The primary concentration of this study is on the nineteenth cen-tury, since it was during the industrial revolution that the require-ments for reporting on the custodianship of corporate management to absentee owners first became recognized. During the twentieth century, railroad accounting practices were primarily dictated by regulatory agencies and as a result have diverged from the account-ing principles which are generally accepted for other corporate enterprises.
The central thesis of this paper is that the major influence of rail-road accounting related to the need for adequate disclosure of the economic health of the business enterprise. We can learn from the experiences of the railroads as to the contemporary discussions and debates regarding the proper means to achieve disclosure. Because the railroads were some of the first companies to require major quantities of long-lived fixed assets, one of the first problems faced by early railway accountants concerned that of asset valuation. Due to the major investments required, the railroads were also the first companies to require massive amounts of outside capital; thus their
* Based on Working Paper No. 31, The Academy of Accounting Historians.


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Subscribe To Weekend Box Office: Catching Fire and Frozen Enjoy A Holiday Box Office Feast Updates
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The Thanksgiving weekend was big news for a handful of major players while the rest of the field had very little to be thankful for. It was a tale of fire and ice as last weekend's number one The Hunger Games: Catching Fire went up against the highly anticipated Disney animated feature Frozen.
Over the regular three day weekend it was Catching Fire that came out on top again, adding $74 million to its nearly $300 million domestic grand total. Frozen banked $66 million for a strong second place, bringing its five day holiday total to $93 million.
But Catching Fire's success didn't stop at number one. The movie earned $110 million between Wednesday and the end of the weekend, smashing through the $82 million record that Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone set for the Thanksgiving five day run.back in 2001. Frozen's $93 million total also topped that record, making the weekend an unusual double record breaker.
At this rate the Catching Fire will easily top its predecessor's $408 million total and soar past Iron Man 3's $409 million domestic total to become the highest grossing movie to date.
The rest of the weekend's newcomers floundered at the bottom of the chart. Sylvester Stallone penned Homefront bowed in at fifth place with less than $7 million and the obscure musical Black Nativity earned less than $4 million for a distant number eight.
For the full weekend top ten, check out the chart below:


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C Palmer Jarrell, DDS - General Dentist in Monroe, LA
C Palmer Jarrell is a General Dentist (General Dentistry dentist) practicing in Monroe, Louisiana. This dentist is listed on Dentist Network with a medical license speciality in General Dentistry.
You can reach us on phone number (318) 325-0633, fax number (318) 322-1884 or email address . Our office is located on 1512 Royal Ave, Monroe, LA,
For full contact details to this dentist have a look at the the column to your right (or scroll if you're viewing this on a mobile device.)


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The trial for former pharmaceutical executive Martin Shkreli will take place next June, NBC News reported.
U.S. District Judge Kiyo Matsumoto set the trial date for June 26, 2017 at a hearing Thursday in Brooklyn, New York. Shkreli is accused of looting Retrophin, the pharma company he was heading, of $11 million to pay off investors he was suspected of previously defrauding. He was ousted in 2014, and the company sued him for $65 million in connection with his alleged looting.
Shkreli's lawyer requested to sever the trial from co-defendant and former company lawyer Evan Greebel. Both pleaded not guilty in the case. Matsumoto said if she agreed to try them separately, the second trial will be set for Oct. 2, 2017.
U.S. & World
After leaving the courthouse, Shkreli leaned over to his attorney and asked if he could play Pokemon Go.
Shkreli first came to public attention when his company, Turing Pharmaceuticals, hiked the price of a drug used by babies, pregnant women and HIV patients by more than 5,500 percent.


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But Amy Poehler's creation, fueled more by hopes and dreams (and waffles) than ambition and a thirst for power, never takes a break. She's set to descend on Washington for comic encounters with Sens. Barbara Boxer, John McCain and Olympia Snow.
The sunny, yet restless optimism we'll call the Audacity of Knope isn't limited to fueling political aspirations. As "The Office" begins its final season victory lap, the Knope spirit is poised to lift "Parks and Recreation" to the position of TV's top workplace mockumentary.
Which, admittedly, isn't a very crowded list ("Veep," which enjoyed a very promising short first season on HBO, is the other major player). But like Leslie, who takes joy in the seemingly smallest of victories, we're thrilled "Parks" has come this far.
"Parks" slowly built a following with meme-friendly oddities, most notably government-hating bureaucrat Ron Swanson's retro meat-and-mustache-centric charm. But Leslie's run for office last season added crucial substance and stakes as the show hit its stride.
While "The Office" is losing some more major characters – Robert California, Toby Flenderson and Kelly Kapoor – it's regaining producer Greg Daniels, who helped develop the U.S. version of the show. Daniels also is co-creator of "Parks and Recreation," which hopefully will keep that brand of comic sensibility going and growing long after "The Office" closes its doors.
In the meantime, check out previews of both comedies, which air back-to-back Thursday on NBC:
Hester is founding director of the award-winning, multi-media NYCity News Service at the City University of New York Graduate School of Journalism. He is the former City Editor of the New York Daily News, where he started as a reporter in 1992. Follow him on Twitter.


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My Heart vs. the Real World is a photo documentary volume that explores the lives of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) through striking blackandwhite photographs and interviews with subjects and their families. Ten chapters each spotlight a single child and in an additional chapter, the author writes about his own experience of growing up and living with CHD. The images and personal accounts reveal how, compared with someone healthy, a chronically ill child develops adult attitudes in a much different way. These are stories of how CHD patients and their families cope with and overcome extraordinary obstacles and learn about themselves during the process. My Heart vs. the Real World is sometimes funny, sometimes sad, always thoughtprovoking, and altogether human.
About the Author: Max S. Gerber is a professional photographer. Born three months premature with bradycardia (an abnormally low heart rate), he has had a pacemaker since the age of eight. His pictures have been published in more than a dozen countries, and in prominent periodicals such as Time, Newsweek, The Village Voice, L.A. Weekly, The Sunday Telegraph Review, DoubleTake Magazine and Los Angeles Magazine.
Through the powerful use of photographic imagery and personal narratives, Max Gerber gives us an as yet unseen glimpse into the hearts and minds of children and young adults who are growing up with Congenital Heart Defects. The hauntingly beautiful photography accurately portrays the thought provoking reality of their experience.
Mona BarmashPresident, Congenital Heart Information Network
Dear Reader, Study every portrait here, read every word of this powerful book, the reward is immeasurable.
Martha BardachContributing Photo Editor/ TIME Magazine
Several of Gerbers photographs are haunting depictions of the children in their toughest momentsin immense pain just after surgery, for example. But because Gerber has shared the childrens experienceshe was born with bradycardia and has a pacemaker the photographs feel intimate rather than voyeuristic...The way Gerber manages to convey a complex whirl of emotions and qualities, such as determination, vulnerability, and sorrow, in a single frame is partly due to this shared intimacy with his subjects, but it is also down to his innate skill for portraiture.
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WASHINGTON, Feb. 2 (UPI) -- The National Security Agency -- pummeled by political attacks, legal challenges, calls for reform and a highly critical review board report demanding an end to its massive surveillance program -- still must pursue its counter-terror campaign, especially in the run-up to the Super Bowl at home and the Sochi Games abroad.
Which begs the question: Has the agency's effectiveness been blunted by the constant attacks and public perception, fair or not, that the agency is violating the privacy of ordinary Americans?
The NSA, queried by United Press International, deflected the question to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, which supports the efforts of James Clapper, director of national intelligence in Washington.
Clapper's office didn't respond to a separate inquiry, but some commentators are showing concern.
In an op-ed in the Washington Post Jan. 3, Steven G. Bradbury, chief of the U.S, Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 2005 to 2009, warned of the practical and motivational effects of the assault on the agency.
"If the integrity of the [NSA's] metadata program is put at risk and the NSA's ability to perform its mission significantly hampered, [leaker] Edward Snowden would realize his objectives," Bradbury wrote. "America's vital advantage in communications intelligence would be further degraded, and the dedicated men and women who carry out our intelligence programs would have an even deeper crisis of confidence."
Bradbury was a principal in the effort to get initial court approval for the NSA's collection of telephone metadata. His commentary was republished in the U.S. military newspaper Stars and Stripes.
The FBI, of course, is the point agency in the field to counter terror, which the NSA can't do. The FBI set up an operations center only miles from MetLife Stadium and the Super Bowl. As an intelligence agency itself, the FBI gathers its own information, even from its legates in U.S. embassies all over the world.
But the FBI doesn't even try to match the NSA's electronic global reach, and relies on it for information to head off domestic terror threats.
The critical report released Jan. 23 by the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board poses a huge political problem for the NSA, based at Fort Meade, Md., but with facilities elsewhere. The report says the NSA surveillance program is not supported by law, and in fact violates the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986. The report says the program has constitutional problems as well.
In the report, the board concluded "the NSA's [metadata] program violates the Electronic Communications Privacy Act. That statute prohibits telephone companies from sharing customer records with the government except in response to specific enumerated circumstances -- which do not include orders issued under Section 215" of the Patriot Act.
"The closest analogue to the power conferred by Section 215 is the administrative subpoena," the board report said. "Indeed, Congress crafted Section 215 as a substitute for the administrative subpoena authority sought by the administration after the 9/11 attacks. ... An administrative agency may conduct an investigation [under Section 215 authority] even though it lacks probable cause to believe that any particular statute is being violated."
The five-member board, established in its initial form by Congress in 2004 as an independent executive branch entity, provided NSA critics with plenty of ammunition, but unlike a judge's opinion its conclusions and recommendations have no force of law.
News accounts of the board's report placed little stress on how it repeatedly said NSA employees had not abused the surveillance programs.
"Our nation is protected by men and women devoted to the rule of law," the report said. "In talking to dozens of career employees throughout the intelligence agencies, we found widespread dedication to the Constitution and eagerness to comply with whatever rules are laid down by Congress and the judiciary. We are grateful to the employees of the intelligence community for their cooperation with this study, and for working tirelessly to keep us safe. None of the comments in this report should be read in any way as a criticism of their integrity."
The board said it and the intelligence community had a "shared mission of protecting America from terrorism while also preserving 'the precious liberties that are vital to our way of life.'"
The report said it disagreed with the Bush and Obama administrations and with the 15 judges on the secret Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act court that NSA collection of metadata from telephone records is underpinned by law.
"Since 2006, the government has argued before the [special Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act] court that Section 215 of the Patriot Act provides a legal basis for the NSA's bulk telephone records program. The FISA court has agreed and has authorized the program."
But the review board said, "Having independently examined this statutory question, the board disagrees with the conclusions of the government and the FISA court."
The board said it found "there are multiple and cumulative reasons for concluding that Section 215 does not authorize the NSA's ongoing daily collection of telephone calling records concerning virtually every American."
The board also said it "concludes that Section 215 does not provide an adequate legal basis to support this program. Because the program is not statutorily authorized, it must be ended."
The NSA conducts two huge surveillance programs.
"Under one, the NSA collects telephone call records or metadata -- but not the content of phone conversations -- covering the calls of most Americans on an ongoing basis, subject to renewed approvals by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court [the FISC hears rare government appeals from the FISA court].
"This program was approved by the FISC pursuant to Section 215. ...
"Under the second program, the government collects the content of electronic communications, including phone calls and emails, where the targets are reasonably believed to be non-U.S. persons located outside the United States. Section 702 of the FISA Amendments Act is the basis for this program."
Besides statutory problems, the board report found considerable constitutional problems. The Fourth Amendment bans "unreasonable" searches and seizures.
Analysis of the "NSA's telephone records program under the Fourth Amendment must begin by asking whether the agency's collection of calling records qualifies as a 'search' within the meaning of the amendment," the report said. "If not, as the government has argued in defense of the program, the Fourth Amendment and its restrictions do not apply to the NSA's activity."
The report conceded the "Supreme Court has ruled that the Fourth Amendment does not provide individuals with a right of privacy in the numbers that they dial from their telephones. More broadly, the court has concluded, any information that a person voluntarily discloses to a business or other entity loses all Fourth Amendment protection. This rule, referred to as the 'third-party doctrine,' means when government agents obtain records about a person that are held by a telephone company, bank or other institution, that does not qualify as a search under the Constitution.
"Although the Section 215 program encompasses much more information than the telephone numbers that a person dials, all of the information that the NSA collects under the program has been disclosed to telephone companies by their customers. Therefore, under the broad reading of the third-party doctrine widely adopted in the federal courts, none of the information is constitutionally protected, and the NSA may collect it without seeking a warrant or ensuring that its behavior satisfies the Fourth Amendment's standard of reasonableness."
The board echoed a federal judge in Washington who ruled against the constitutionality of the NSA metadata collection -- saying the U.S. Supreme Court may eventually come to re-examine the third-party doctrine in light of technology developments "that have become commonplace features of contemporary life."
Citing the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of association, the board said: "Although the program is supported by a compelling government interest in combating terrorism, which can justify some intrusions on First Amendment rights, it is not narrowly tailored.
"The extraordinary breadth of this collection program creates a chilling effect on the First Amendment rights of Americans."
The record on the constitutionality of NSA metadata collection in federal court has been mixed.
In December, U.S. District Judge Richard Leon in Washington issued a preliminary injunction blocking the massive collection of phone records, which is conducted without a warrant, but stayed the injunction pending a government appeal.
Leon, a George W. Bush appointee, said a suit by Larry Klayman, the founder of Freedom Watch, has "demonstrated a substantial likelihood of success" on the basis of Fourth Amendment.
Though Leon granted Klayman's request for a preliminary injunction, he stayed his order pending an appeal by the Obama administration because of the "significant national security interests at stake in this case and the novelty of the constitutional issues."
Leon's ruling caused quite a stir in Washington, but it conflicts with the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Smith vs. Maryland. Leon dismissed Smith as out of step with modern reality.
In the 1979 Smith case, a Supreme Court said the installation of a "pen register" was not a search within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment, and did not require a warrant. A "pen register" collects the numbers called from a phone on an individual basis -- much like the metadata collection program does on a mass basis.
Later in December, U.S. District Judge William Pauley in New York dismissed the American Civil Liberties Union's constitutional challenge to the NSA program.
The judge said the program was a "blunt tool that only works because it collects everything."
Pauley, a Bill Clinton appointee, took a position in direct opposition to Leon's opinion.
"The privacy concerns at stake in Smith were far more individualized than those raised by the ACLU," Pauley wrote in his Dec. 17 opinion. And, "the business records created by Verizon are not 'plaintiffs' call records.' Those records are created and maintained by the telecommunications provider, not the ACLU. Under the Constitution, that distinction is critical because when a person voluntarily conveys information to a third party, he forfeits his right to privacy in the information."
Despite the ACLU argument, "the Supreme Court did not overrule Smith," Pauley said. "And the Supreme Court has instructed lower courts not to predict whether it would overrule a precedent even if its reasoning has been supplanted by later cases. ... Clear precedent applies because Smith held that a subscriber has no legitimate expectation of privacy in telephony metadata created by third parties. ... Inferior courts are bound by that precedent."
At the beginning of his 53-page opinion, Pauley cited the Sept. 11, 2001, terror attacks.
"While Americans depended on technology for the conveniences of modernity, al-Qaida plotted in a seventh-century milieu to use that technology against us," Pauley said. "It was a bold jujitsu. And it succeeded because conventional intelligence gathering could not detect diffuse filaments connecting al-Qaida."
Prior to those terror attacks, the NSA intercepted seven calls by eventual hijacker Khalid al-Mihdhar, who was living in San Diego. The calls went to an al-Qaida safe house in Yemen.
Though the calls were intercepted, the NSA could not capture the man's telephone number identifier.
"Without that identifier, NSA analysts concluded mistakenly that al-Mihdhar was overseas and not in the United States," Pauley wrote. "Telephony metadata would have furnished the missing information and might have permitted the NSA to notify the [FBI] of the fact that al-Mihdhar was calling the Yemeni safe house from inside the United States.
"The government learned from its mistake and adapted to confront a new enemy: a terror network capable of orchestrating attacks across the world," Pauley said. "It launched a number of countermeasures, including a bulk telephony metadata collection program -- a wide net that could find and isolate gossamer contacts among suspected terrorists in an ocean of seemingly disconnected data."
The judge cited several instances in which a "nascent plot" was headed off by NSA metadata information sent to the FBI, including planned attacks on the New York subway system and the New York Stock Exchange.
NSA leaker "Edward Snowden's unauthorized disclosure of Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court orders has provoked a public debate and this litigation," Pauley said. "While robust discussions are under way across the nation, in Congress and the White House, the question for this court is whether the government's bulk telephony program is lawful. This court finds it is. But the question of whether that program should be conducted is for the other two coordinate branches of government" -- Congress and the Obama administration -- "to decide."
Down the road, the U.S. Supreme Court likely will have to decide which view prevails legally -- the review board's finding that the NSA programs are illegal and possibly unconstitutional, or the the argument from successive administrations and rulings from the FISA court that they are both legal and constitutional.
If the NSA's efforts head off a major terror attack in the United States or, in cooperation with Russia promised by President Obama, head off an attack in Sochi where thousands of Americans are gathering for the Games, it could sway public opinion. But it's unlikely the public would even know about it. The agency's activities are normally so secret that for decades a rather lame joke in Washington was that "NSA" stood for "No Such Agency."
However, one factor to consider in the court fight over NSA programs: Chief Justice John Roberts appoints the 15 judges on the FISA court, without oversight from Congress or the White House, and the judges presumably reflect his views.


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Asthma is an inflammation of the airways. The inflammation decreases the size of the airways and makes it difficult to breathe. It can interfere with daily activities, limit physical abilities, and in the worst cases, cause death. Although there is no cure, good management will help decrease the negative impact. Management includes avoiding triggers, taking medicine as recommended, and staying healthy overall. Good nutrition plays an important role in overall health and may be able to play a role in asthma control as well.
Researchers in Egypt evaluated the role of omega-3 fatty acids , vitamin C , and zinc in asthma management for children. The study showed that these supplements may be associated with improved asthma control and pulmonary function.
About the Study
The trial involved 60 children with moderate asthma. All of the children were measured for degree of asthma control (asthma symptom occurrence and activities of daily living), pulmonary tests, and inflammatory markers (show inflammation in the airways) at the start of the trial. The children were all rotated through five six-week phases. Each phase had a different combination of three daily pills:
- Omega 3 oil 1,000 mg (plus 2 placebos)
- Zinc 15 mg (plus 2 placebos)
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 200 mg (plus 2 placebos)
- Combined supplementation with Omega 3 oil 1,000 mg, zinc 15 mg, and vitamin C 200 mg
- Three placebos
Each supplement individually was associated with an improvement in asthma control, pulmonary function tests, and inflammatory markers. The combination of the three supplements was associated with an even greater improvement, compared to the single supplement stages.
How Does This Affect You?
Asthma management is a combination of prevention, lifestyle changes, and medicine. Ideal control will limit interruptions in daily living and allow children to participate in normal physical activities. While this study does suggest an association, there are some concerns with the study. There were only a small number of children involved in the study. There was also a high number of dropouts, which could affect the intensity of the results.
The supplements used in this study are known to provide other health benefits and are easily available in a healthy, well-balanced diet. Talk to your child's doctor about goals for your child's diet, as well as vitamins and supplements. In creating an asthma management plan with your child, talk about nutrition choices, like eating fruits and vegetables , remaining physically active, and understanding how and when to use medicines.
- Reviewer: Brian P. Randall, MD


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A good example of someone who fits that description might be a project manager.
I was asked by my boss the other day, "what this Github thing is and why it's important?" He has some proprietary projects so he would need private hosting and I found myself struggling to explain beyond the usual: VCSs make collaboration trivial, provide a history and "backup" of all your data, and allow you to record atomic changes in a code base. In my mind I was thinking, "it's almost as if you have to use a DRVS to really understand how beneficial it is".
I ended up pointing him to BitBucket because they give you unlimited private repositories (I even had to explain what a repository was).
Does anyone have ay really good concrete examples of how a VCS has saved their ass or made life easier, etc -- basically, how would you sell a DVSC to someone who's not unfamiliar with programming, but not a programmer by profession?


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My little sister has been asking me to make a tutorial on how to draw Clover from Sofia the First. She is absolutely in love with the movie and series so I thought it would be a good idea to make a lesson and recreate the bunny with the long ears. Clover is a loveable pet and friend to Sofia. Clover also helps put Sofia at ease as she carries out her days in the castle and Kingdom. Despite how cute Clover looks, he's actually not the type of bunny that likes to cuddle up and get close. He would much rather show affection by giving a helping hand. He also likes to be given snacks on a daily basis for his efforts. Drawing Clover from Sofia the First is almost like drawing Thumper from Bambi. Enjoy the tut as I prepare my last lesson submission for the day. Also, don't forget to tune into Live tonight as I will be streaming once again today. Peace folks.
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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Jeter cleared to resume full baseball activities
JUPITER, Fla. -- The Yankees announced Thursday that Derek Jeter has received final medical clearance to begin full baseball activities. He is expected to be at the team's Spring Training facility in Tampa on Friday.
Jeter had what the club called "a routine and scheduled visit" with Dr. Robert Anderson in Charlotte, N.C., on Thursday. Anderson performed the surgery on Jeter's broken ankle in October after he suffered the injury in the Game 1 of the American League Championship Series.
Manager Joe Girardi did not indicate when Jeter might first appear in a Grapefruit League game for New York.
"I'll talk to him when we get back from this trip and see where he's at," Girardi said. "I'm not just going to throw him at shortstop and leave him out there for a long time. We'll probably DH him first. Start with two at-bats and go from there."
Jeter has not played in a game since suffering the injury at Yankee Stadium on Oct. 13.


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Intuitive In-App Editing
Beatsurfing allows you to swap from the EDIT and PLAY view at the tap of a finger. The design and mapping of the objects are seamlessly integrated in the workflow. All objects remain completely functional while in EDIT view, keeping the switches to a minimum. EDIT mode is kind of hybrid cause you can stil play during editing. This is crucial during the ceative process; you can adapt very quickly and modify every part of your controller in seconds. This impacts the creative flow in a very positive way.
Check this video to see an example use of the Edition Menu:


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External Links
Resource Finder
For over forty years Eden I & R, Inc. has been tracking information about Health and Human Service Providers in Alameda County. It has always been our goal to make that information available to anyone who needed it. This Resource Finder provides yet another means for achieving that goal.


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As of today, 4/6/10, the Coyotes are hanging on to a slim hope for the top spot in the Western Conference. They trail San Jose by five points with three games to play. San Jose, for their part, plays today at Calgary (go Flames! 🙂 🙂 :). The Coyotes can win the top spot if San Jose loses their last three games in regulation to Calgary, at home against Vancouver (go Canucks!) and at home against the Coyotes, while the 'Yotes must run the table on their last three (vs. Nashville, @LA Kings, @San Jose). That would put the 'Yotes at 108 points and San Jose at 107.
Assuming that the Coyotes get all six possible points, if San Jose gets a win (two points) in any of those games, or any two OT losses (also two points total), the Sharks win the Conference title. Getting only one OT loss ties the teams at 108 points but still gives the Coyotes the Conference title, as the 'Yotes would have a 51-25-6 record as opposed to a 48-22-12 record for the Sharks. Basically, that 2-1 loss to Calgary and that shootout loss to Nashville are coming back to haunt the Coyotes – that's a three point swing that could have had the 'Yotes at 105 points and pretty much having the Sharks/Coyotes game at the end of the season the deciding game for the Western Conference.
Instead, the Coyotes have a long shot at winning the #1 seed – unlike the NBA, the NHL still has the stupid rule in effect where the division winners are the top 3 seeds regardless of the points earned. The NHL needs to take a page out of the NBA's playoff book and just guarantee that the division winners get first-round home ice at minimum while the next best points team gets into the top 4. If that were the case, the Coyotes would be right now at the #3 seed with the possibility of a #2 seed.
Lately on my CD player – Foreigner's latest album Can't Slow Down. The title track is such an awesome rocker that you hear it in your head for hours afterward. And there's an awesome review of the album at popdose.com by Jeff Giles, who totally nails it.
Also sharing time in the CD player is Journey's Revelation which, yes, was released in 2008. New lead singer Arnel Pineda's vocals are eeriely reminiscent of Steve Perry but without the self-absorbtion. Now, I had seen Journey live during the Arrival tour with Steve Augeri on leads, but hot damn Pineda does an even better job. If only more bands would look to YouTube for their lead singers!
I'm now on volume 7 of the Vampire Hunter D novels – the original written novels, not the manga that's being produced lately. All you Stephanie Meyer fans need to drop your teen angsty glowing vampire fantasies and read a real series. (The only real "Twilight" anyway was the song by ELO.)
No seriously, the Vampire Hunter D series of novels blows away anything that Meyer could possibly come up with. The setting is fantastic, the characters are superb, the writing top notch, and you can't help but wonder at D's continued struggle with his destiny and what really happened to the Nobility. The two movies aren't doing it justice – there needs to be a 52 episode TV series with the people that did the soundtrack for Witch Hunter Robin to do the music, and that would barely scratch the surface of what this series is about.


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Sunday Worship
from September 1, 2019 10:45 am
Looking for a church home and a wonderful worship experience, we invite you to come worship with us!
Mt. Pleasant Baptist Church, where we are "Growing Into Something Greater"
Sunday School: 9:15 AM; Morning Worship 10:45 AM.
Join us in lifting up the name of the Lord!
501 758 1190.
IMPACT ZONE Children Church
Every 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Sundays at 11:00 a.m.
Impact Tots ages 4 and under
Impact Kids ages 5-11
Impact Teens ages 12 - 17


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HP No. 981A Pagewide Bundle Pack
- Colour: Other
- Consumable Type: Inkjet
HP No. 981A Pagewide Bundle Pack - Includes all 4 Cartridges - Black, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow
|Need Help with your purchase?
|If you have any questions regarding any of our products or services, please feel free to contact us.
|1300 765 575
|03 9703 255
|Find out more
|Delivery and Shipping Information
|Terms and Conditions


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Shrinking primary databases
Clear out the redundant data to make clear space
Stripping out old records from primary databases could pay big bucks in terms of reclaimed disk capacity, faster database operations and backups. Clearpace has technology to do this and archive the extracted records in de-duplicated form on cheap SATA arrays.
UK-based HP reseller 2e2 will resell and use Clearpace's NParchive product to take rarely accessed records out of Oracle and similar databases and store them in de-duplicated form in a separate archive. If you have a 500GB Oracle database it can strip out, say, 200GB of data that hasn't been accessed for weeks, de-duplicate it and store it in compressed form in a SATA disk archive. There it occupies 10-50GB of space and is still accessible at disk speed - obviously not as fast as the original raw data but you get it pretty quickly.
The primary database is now a 300GB one; its processes run faster and its DR (disaster recovery) and development copies are smaller. With this multiplier you're saving up to 600GB of primary capacity.
Clearpace's NParchive stores data as either unique original data or pointers to it, in a tree-like pattern to reflect the original records. It can be searched with SQL from common tools offered by Business Objects, Crystal Reports, COGNOS and others. It can ingest data from different primary databases - SQL Server, Oracle, DB2 or whatever - and store them in a tamper-proof way.
ESG boss Steve Duplessie blogged on deduplication recently. He talked about data in primary storage that's rarely accessed and doesn't change, saying: "This is the stage where we next want to apply a massive reduction in the copies of data we have. It's still 'primary' storage, but by applying de-dupe here we can probably chop 50 per cent or more of our overall capacity off at the knees.
"The next step is to figure out how to slide the de-dupe lever closer to the point of creation, and the biggest value point is going to be [with this data]."
Clearpace has technology to vacuum up this data from primary databases, shrinking and speeding them, and stuffing it in de-duplicated and compressed form, perhaps twenty times smaller - possibly more - into a single searchable disk-based archive. It's not de-duplicating the structured database information in situ but it is reducing primary databases in size and preserving old data in a much-reduced form. The de-dupe lever has been slid closer to the creation point. That sounds pretty good. ®
Clearpace has teamed up with HP to produce a free whitepaper on this subject, called The Six R's of Application Archiving. You can download it from Reg Whitepapers.


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Search Tips
Enter your search keywords including Company Name or Keywords. You can also use the check boxes to apply various filters to narrow your search.Displaying 1 - 10 of 571
Type: Non-Profit, School
Region: Midwest US, Not Specified, Rocky Mountains US, US
Category: After School Outdoor Program, Camp, Environmental Education Program/Center, Environmental Organizations, Experiential Education, Experiential Training & Development, Outdoor Education Center, Outdoor Skills School, Seasonal Program
State / Province: CO
At Keystone Science School, we believe that the power of inspiring curiosity and critical thinking, through the lens of science, changes lives and strengthens communities.
Region: Not Specified
Category: Wilderness Medical Trainer
State / Province: TX
Mission The mission of the Wilderness Medical Society is to encourage, foster, support, or conduct activities to improve the scientific knowledge of the membership and general public in human health activities in a wilderness environment. Philosophy
State / Province: MA
Give Beaver a summer, and they'll give you a happy, confident child. For the past 80 years, Beaver Summer Camp at Beaver Country Day School has been a destination for campers looking to make friends, gain independence, build new skills, and have the time of their lives.
Region: Southeast US
State / Province: NC
Camp High Rocks sits at an elevation of 3000 feet in the midst of 1100 acres of camp-owned mountain woodland, with an 11 acre lake, and miles of hiking and biking trails. Our programs include a summer camp for boys and LEAP adventure programs for schools.
Region: California, US & International
Category: Adventure Travel, Commercial Outfitter/Guide Service, Environmental Education Program/Center, Experiential Education, Seasonal Program, Whitewater Rafting
State / Province: CA
Environmental Traveling Companions (ETC)
State / Province: NY
Year-round camp and outdoor education center on spectacular Lake George in the Adirondacks of New York. In summer, we lead 40 adventure trips with teens and offer both day and overnight summer camp programs.
State / Province: ME
Kingsley Pines is a coed resident camp located on Panther Pond, in Raymond, ME. For more information about Kingsley Pines and our latest job openings, visit our web site: www.kingsleypines.com
Region: US
Category: Wilderness Medical Trainer
State / Province: WA
The Wilderness Medicine Training Center International was established in 1977 to provide the highest-quality training available in wilderness medicine and risk management. Our courses expertly meld decades of field experience and training with the latest research and technology.
Region: California, Northeast US
Category: Adventure Course, Adventure Travel, Commercial Outfitter/Guide Service, Community Service, Environmental Education Program/Center, Experiential Education, Outdoor Education Center, Outdoor Skills School, Seasonal Program, Service Learning
State / Province: CA
Go Adventure is the primary program of Lifeschool, a non-profit organization whose mission is to empower teens from all backgrounds with life skills and environmental ethics through wilderness travel, cultural tours and service projects.
Type: Not Specified, Profit, Profit & Non-Profit
Category: Camp, Fishing, Seasonal Program
State / Province: ME
Camp Skylemar is a well-established (since 1948) recreational summer camp, located in the Lakes Region of southern Maine.
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Psycadelik Thoughtz
Tighter Slim Fit T-Shirt
Beautiful Girl Gold Plated Necklace
@ SKILZ66: I know lol. B.o.B is amazing either way tho :D
omg. i love bobby ray. im such a big fan, and im so proud of him.
He didnt answer that last question at all just talkin random stuff. Haha


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Obama climate plan talk heats up
President Barack Obama may be just a month away from releasing the second-term climate change strategy that activists and donors are waiting impatiently for, although the details and timing appear to still be in flux.
Two former Obama administration officials told POLITICO late Thursday that they have heard that Obama plans to roll out a climate strategy in July. That meshes with the timing some Democratic donors say they have heard from Obama at closed-door fundraisers in recent weeks, according to a report from Bloomberg earlier Thursday evening.
Story Continued Below
"That is what I heard as well from an informed source," one former senior administration official told POLITICO.
But some climate donors and strategists say administration officials are still hedging at the timing, and especially the details of what would be rolled out.
"It seems to be a moving target in terms of what it will be and when it will be," one strategist said.
"I don't think anybody has had it told explicitly that something will be out next month, but there's definitely been a lot of hinting," another climate donor and strategist said.
Among the factors the administration must weigh is how any such climate strategy — which may rely heavily on EPA regulations on pollution sources like power plants — would affect the prospects for the Senate confirmation of Gina McCarthy as EPA administrator. Her nomination has been held up by Senate Republicans who haven't said whether they would try to stage a filibuster.
One thing the donors aren't expecting, though, is any attempt to pair the climate announcements with the administration's upcoming decision on the Keystone XL pipeline, a project that climate activists urgently want Obama to reject.
In fact, some environmental leaders and big-time green donors have made it clear they won't accept any quid pro quo in which action on climate change would supposedly make up for the impact of approving Keystone.
"It's like saying we're going to cut the left leg off and say you can have your right leg," National Wildlife Federation President Larry Schweiger said.
Billionaire Tom Steyer, who has bankrolled ads in the Massachusetts Senate election to stress his opposition to Keystone, said Obama would see no political benefits in making such a trade.
"If he goes against his own interests and goes the opposite [on Keystone], he will now have those who believed in him questioning what the hell happened," Steyer told POLITICO recently. "And the people who vehemently opposed him still vehemently oppose him. There's no trade with anybody there. And actually, being right on one gives you more power on the other."
The timing of McCarthy's confirmation vote and Congress's highly charged debate on immigration reform are also potential factors in when the climate announcement will come.
"All of those things, I think, impact the timing," one strategist said. "Also, there's substantive issues that they're trying to wrap their heads around."
Among the most important issues are the details of the EPA's expected rollout of greenhouse gas controls for future power plants. The EPA missed its April deadline to issue the rule, and some people following the issue have speculated that the agency may be trying to rewrite the regulation to withstand the inevitable court challenge.
"I don't think it's baked on the political side and I don't think it's baked on the policy side," a strategist said Thursday.