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To analyze the night-to-night variability of REM sleep electromyographic (EMG) features of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) by using the automatic quantitative method known as atonia index (AI), and to evaluate the improvement in sensitivity and specificity of AI for the diagnosis of RBD when a second recording night is available.
Sleep research center.
A group of 17 idiopathic RBD patients was recruited for whom 2 all-night polysomnographic (PSG) recordings were available. Thirty normal controls were also recruited and subgrouped into Young (< 45 years of age) or Aged (> 45 years). Chin EMG analysis was run on all recordings; night-to-night variability of both AI and number of chin EMG activations/h during REM sleep was additionally quantified as the absolute difference between the 2 nights standardized as the percentage of their mean.
Night-to-night variability of AI was higher in RBD patients (19.7%) than in the 2 groups of controls (Young 1.8% and Aged 2.8%). The values of variability of chin EMG activations were much higher than those of AI, especially in the Aged controls. Sensitivity of AI ≤ 0.9 for RBD was always higher than 82% and reached 88.9% for the combined-night analysis; specificity was also high, with a value of 92.3% for the combined-value analysis.
The night-to-night variability of AI seems to be very low in normal controls and remains under 20% in RBD patients; that of the number of EMG activations is higher. However, even a single PSG recording provides high values of sensitivity and specificity when a threshold value of AI ≤ 0.9 is used to define abnormal chin EMG levels during REM sleep that increase only moderately when a second night recording is available.
Ferri R; Marelli S; Cosentino FII; Rundo F; Ferini-Strambi L; Zucconi M. Night-to-night variability of automatic quantitative parameters of the chin EMG amplitude (atonia index) in REM sleep behavior disorder. J Clin Sleep Med 2013;9(3):253-258.
The presence of excessive amounts of sustained or intermittent elevations of submentalis muscle electromyography (EMG) tone or excessive phasic submentalis muscle twitching (or upper/lower limbs) is a required polysomnographic (PSG) feature for the diagnosis of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).1 However, the general and non-quantitative nature of this criterion has prompted a number of studies aiming at establishing more quantitative parameters for the definition of the so-called REM sleep without atonia (RSWA); based on both visual 2–4 and automati c5–8 approaches.9 These methods seem to show sufficient sensitivity and specificity for their application in both clinical practice and research settings and probably provide comparable results.10
However, one of the aspects that needs to be further clarified is that of the night-to-night variability of RSWA. The availability of the above quantification methods now allows exploration of this aspect of RBD, which was previously limited to subjective evaluation of "excessive" amounts of activity during REM sleep. The night-to-night variability of the clinical manifestations of RBD is well known; however, it has been reported that PSG EMG activity seems to be more stable than video-recorded behavioral manifestations across nights, and the combination of information obtained from one video-PSG might be sufficient for the diagnosi s.11–13 Regarding EMG activity, in particular, phasic muscle activity has been reported to be more variable than tonic muscle activity.13
Current Knowledge/Study Rationale: Automatic quantitative parameters for the definition of the so-called REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) are now available which seem to show sufficient sensitivity and specificity for their application in both clinical practice and research settings. The scope of this study was to analyze the night-to-night variability of the REM sleep electromyographic (EMG) features of RBD by using our automatic quantitative method for quantifying RSWA, also known as atonia index (AI).
Study Impact: This study shows that the night-to-night variability of AI seems to be very low in normal controls and moderately low in RBD patients; on the contrary, that of the number of EMG activations is higher. Moreover, this study also supports the idea that a single PSG recording provides high values of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of RSWA in RBD patients; these values increase only moderately when a second night recording is available.
All the data available in full-length articles on night-to-night variability of the EMG activity of RBD have been produced by means of visual quantification methods. Thus, the primary scope of this study was to analyze the night-to-night variability of the REM EMG features of RBD by using our automatic quantitative method also known as atonia index (AI).7,8,10,14,15 This index can vary from zero (i.e., complete absence of EMG atonia) to one (stable EMG atonia) and can be calculated for any sleep stage. In addition, in the same method sequences of consecutive mini-epochs with values > 2 μV are counted as movements. The second aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement in sensitivity and specificity of AI for the diagnosis of RBD when a second recording night was available.
Patients with idiopathic RBD (iRBD) for whom ≥ 2 PSG recordings were available, under constant pharmacological treatment, were consecutively and retrospectively recruited for this study and gave their permission for the use of their data in this analysis. The diagnosis of iRBD was based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd Edition (ICSD-2) criteria for RBD, including presence of REM sleep without atonia, sleep related injurious-disruptive behaviors by history or abnormal sleep behaviors documented during PSG monitoring, absence of EEG epileptiform activity during REM sleep, and sleep disturbance not better explained by another sleep disorder, medical or neurologic disorder, mental disorder, medication use, or substance use disorder.1 Secondary forms of RBD were excluded on the basis of historical data, neurologic examination, and cerebral MRI findings. All RBD patients with at least one subtentorial vascular lesion or ≥ 2 vascular supratentorial lesions > 0.5 cm were excluded.
Normal controls were also recruited. The exclusion criteria for the control group were the same as described for iRBD patients; additionally, the presence of subjective sleep complaints (insomnia, daytime sleepiness, restless legs syndrome, RBD symptoms, snoring, or witnessed apnea) was also ruled out. None of the controls was taking hypnotics or benzodiazepines.
This study was approved by the local ethics committee and all subjects provided informed consent according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
Nocturnal video-PSG was carried out in a standard sound-attenuated (noise level to a maximum of 30 dB nHL) sleep laboratory room. Subjects were not allowed caffeinated beverages the afternoon preceding the recording and were allowed to sleep until their spontaneous awakening in the morning. Lights-out time was based on individual habitual bedtime and ranged between 21:30 and 23:30. The following signals were recorded: EEG (≥ 2 channels, one central and one occipital, referred to the contralateral earlobe; however, multiple-channel EEG was available for patients at their first diagnostic assessment in order to exclude the presence of frontal lobe seizures); electrooculogram (electrodes placed 1 cm above the right outer canthus and 1 cm below the left outer canthus and referred to A1); electromyogram (EMG) of the submentalis muscle (bipolar derivations with 2 electrodes placed 3 cm apart and affixed using a collodion-soaked gauze pad); EMG of the right and left tibialis anterior muscles; and ECG (one derivation). Impedance was kept < 10 KΩ (typically < 5 KΩ). Sleep signals were sampled at 200 or 256 Hz and stored on hard disk for further analysis. The sleep respiratory pattern of each patient was monitored using oral and nasal airflow thermistors and/or nasal pressure cannula, thoracic and abdominal respiratory effort strain gauge, and by monitoring oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry). This was performed in all subjects in a previous recording (within 1 week) or during the study recording; patients with an apnea-hypopnea index > 5 were not included. Sleep stages were scored following standard criteria16 on 30-s epochs; since muscle atonia can be absent in RBD, REM sleep was scored without submental EMG atonia, using electroencephalogram and electrooculogram only. According to a method specifically developed for RBD,2,17 onset of a REM sleep period was defined as the occurrence of the first rapid eye movement in the presence of an EEG signal characteristic of REM sleep (low amplitude mixed frequencies, absence of sleep spindles and K complexes). Offset of a REM sleep period was determined by the occurrence of a specific EEG feature indicative of another stage (K complex, sleep spindle, or EEG signs of arousal) or absence of rapid eye movements during 3 consecutive minutes. Epochs containing technical artifacts or extremely elevated muscle activity causing saturation of amplifiers were carefully detected and marked for exclusion from the subsequent quantitative EMG analysis.
Two recordings were obtained from each patient, with a variable time lag between them (see results); however, drug therapy was the same in both nights. For normal controls, 2 consecutive nocturnal PSG recordings were obtained.
For the computer quantitative analysis of the submentalis muscle EMG activity we used our established automatic scoring algorithm.7,8,14 The submentalis muscle EMG signal was digitally band-pass filtered at 10-100 Hz, with a notch filter at 50 Hz and rectified. Subsequently, each REM sleep epoch included in the analysis was divided into 30 1-sec mini-epochs. The average amplitude of the rectified submentalis muscle EMG signal was then obtained for each mini-epoch. After a noise reduction procedure,8 the values of the submentalis muscle EMG signal amplitude in each 1-s mini-epoch were used to compute the percentage of values in the following 20 amplitude (amp) classes (expressed in μV): amp ≤ 1, 1 < amp ≤ 2, …, 18 < amp ≤ 19, amp > 19. Muscle atonia is expected to be reflected by high values of the first class (amp ≤ 1), while phasic and tonic activations are expected to increase the value of the other classes. As proposed in previous studies, an index summarizing in a single value the degree of preponderance of the first class was used in REM sleep:
Mathematically, this index can vary from 0 (absence of mini-epochs with amp ≤ 1), i.e., complete absence of EMG atonia, to 1 (all mini-epochs with amp ≤ 1) or stable EMG atonia in the epoch.
In addition, sequences of consecutive mini-epochs with values > 2 μV were counted as movements. The algorithm was run blind to the condition of the subject, even though no manual modifications of the parameters is possible.
For the comparison of sleep architecture parameters, the analysis of covariance was used and age of the subjects served as a covariate; while for the comparison of AI and number of chin EMG activations/h during REM sleep obtained in the 3 groups of subjects, the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA was first carried out, followed by the Mann-Whitney test used as a post hoc test.
The analysis of the night-to-night variability of AI and number of chin EMG activations/h during REM sleep was first carried out by means of the Kendall W coefficient of concordance, which expresses the simultaneous association (relatedness) between different sets of rankings. The range of Kendall concordance is from 0 to 1; values close to 0 represent lack of agreement in the rankings of the variables among nights in this case, while values close to 1 represent perfect agreement. Night-to-night variability of both AI and number of chin EMG activations/h during REM sleep were additionally quantified as the absolute difference between the 2 nights, standardized as the percentage of the mean of the 2 nights. These values were compared by means of the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, followed by the Mann-Whitney test used as a post hoc assessment.
Finally, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AI ≤ 0.9 for the diagnosis of iRBD vs. Aged controls were computed for the first and second recording nights, separately or combined (AI ≤ 0.9 in either the first or the second recording night).
For this study, 17 consecutive iRBD patients were retrospectively recruited (14 men and 3 women, mean age 66.0 ± 4.93 years). Average disease duration was 9.1 ± 12.86 years at the time of the first recording. All patients were taking clonazepam (0.5-1 mg) at bedtime.
A group of 30 normal controls (15 men and 15 women) was also retrospectively recruited and then subdivided into 2 age groups, based on age below or above 45 years. The younger subgroup (Young) included 16 subjects (mean age 30.6 ± 6.86 years), while the older subgroup (Aged) was formed by the remaining 14 subjects (mean age 58.2 ± 9.63 years).
Patients and controls differed for their gender composition, but we have previously reported that our chin EMG measurement seems to be independent of gender14,15; in this new study, the number of women in the RBD group was too low to allow us to control for the influence of this factor.
Table 1 shows the descriptive statistics of sleep architecture parameters obtained from the first recording available for each subject in these 3 groups of subjects. A comparison was also run between iRBD and Aged controls by means of the analysis of covariance, to take into account the age of the subjects in the 2 groups, using age as a covariate. Time in bed and sleep period time were significantly shorter in iRBD patients.
Sleep architecture parameters
(more ...)
As mentioned above, the 2 PSG recordings available for iRBD patients were not consecutive; the second PSG recording was obtained with an average time lag of 2.5 ± 1.17 years after the first. Two consecutive recordings were available for all controls.
The left panels of Figure 1 shows the comparison of the chin EMG amplitude parameters (AI and number of chin EMG activations/h during REM sleep) found during the 2 PSG recordings among subject groups. As expected, in iRBD patients, AI was significantly lower and the number of chin EMG activations/h was significantly higher than those of both groups of controls in both recordings. However, night-to-night variability (top right panel of Figure 1) of AI was higher in iRBD patients (19.7%) than in the 2 groups of controls (Young 1.8%, Aged 2.8%). The values of variability of chin EMG activations were generally much higher than those of AI, especially in the Aged controls. The Kendall W coefficient of concordance between the 2 nights (Table 2) showed high (Young) to moderate (iRBD patients) values, which reached statistical significance for AI of both control groups and for the number of EMG activations of only Young controls.
Data are shown as mean (black-filled squares) and box (standard deviation) and whiskers (95% confidence intervals) plots.
Comparison of the different chin EMG amplitude parameters found during the two polysomnographic recordings in the groups of subjectsData are shown as mean (black-filled squares) and box (standard deviation) and whiskers (95% confidence intervals) plots.
Concordance of the different chin EMG amplitude parameters found during the two polysomnographic recordings in the groups of subjects
Finally, an analysis of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AI ≤ 0.9 for the diagnosis of iRBD vs. Aged controls was run (Table 3). These parameters were computed for the first and second recording nights, separately or combined (AI ≤ 0.9 in either the first or the second recording night). Sensitivity was always higher than 82% and reached 88.9% for the combined-night analysis; specificity was also high, with a value of 92.3% for the combined-value analysis. Overall, the combined-night analysis gave better results, but the values obtained for the single nights were also high, and the improvement obtained by using the combined nights was relatively small.
Analysis of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AI ≤ 0.9 for the diagnosis of iRBD vs. aged controls
It has been reported that, using a visual quantification of the chin EMG amplitude during REM sleep and video-analysis of behaviors, only increased tonic chin muscle activity can be considered to be a relatively stable measure for RBD diagnosis; conversely, enhanced phasic chin muscle activations and motor and vocal behaviors are more variable between nights.13 We have now extended this type of night-to-night variability analysis to our automated quantification method and have found that, similar to the above study, AI is a more stable feature than the number of chin muscle activations in both normal controls and iRBD patients. These results underline once more the concordance between visual and automatic analysis of the chin EMG amplitude during REM sleep in RBD,7 with the added value of speed and strict objectivity of the automatic analysis.
The retrospective nature of our analysis is the major limitation of this study, which allowed us to collect the second recording of iRBD patients obtained only after a long period from the first; consecutive night recordings were available for normal controls. This might mean that consecutive recordings in iRBD patients (if available) might have yielded more stable results; but this is only a speculative consideration that needs to be checked in future studies. Another important limitation deriving from the retrospective nature of the study was the impossibility of arranging an adequately age-matched control group. This was partially controlled for by using the ANCOVA for some comparisons. However, it should also be underlined that we have already reported that in adulthood, AI shows relatively stable values > 0.9 in normal controls15 (this was true also in the present study); thus, we believe that our analyses can still be considered as reliable.
Finally, after a technical improvement of our method to compute AI,8 we have indicated a normality threshold value of > 0.9 for this parameter, because the vast majority of normal adults provide scores above this threshold. We have also previously reported that using this AI threshold, a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity 91.4% were obtained for iRBD patients compared to controls; in the same study we found both sensitivity and specificity of 100% for multiple system atrophy.8 More recently, we have applied the same type of analysis in a group of Parkinson disease patients with or without RBD and have obtained sensitivity 93.8% and specificity 90.6%.10 In the present study, we have found that sensitivity ranged from 82.3% to 88.2% and specificity 88.2% to 92.8% in the two nights. Only a moderate improvement was obtained when either night was used to detect AI ≤ 0.9 (sensitivity 88.9, specificity 92.3%). All these results were obtained from studies which only involved limited numbers of patients, if considered singularly; however, taken together, they involved 48 patients with iRBD, 27 with Parkinson disease, and 10 with multiple system atrophy—a nontrivial total number of patients. Thus, they show a convincing convergence toward high values of sensitivity and specificity for AI ≤ 0.9 and seem to support the conclusion that a single recording night might be considered sufficient for the diagnostic work-up of RBD, especially if we take into account that other video-PSG and clinical parameters contribute to its definition.11–13
This was not an industry supported study. The authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
This work was carried out at the Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging (IRCCS), Troina, Italy and the Scientific Institute and University Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy. This study was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health ("Ricerca Corrente").
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Ferri R, Franceschini C, Zucconi M, et al., authors. Searching for a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder: submentalis muscle EMG amplitude analysis during sleep in patients with narcolepsy/cataplexy. Sleep. 2008;31:1409–17. [PubMed Central][PubMed]
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The Circular Well Superposition model displays the time evolution of the position-space wave function in an deep 2D circular well. The default configuration shows the first excited state with zero angular momentum. Additional eigenstates can be added using a button in the eigenstate coefficient table. A description of the quantum system and eigenstates, with questions for the students, are included.
Circular Well Superpostion model was created using the Easy Java Simulations (Ejs) modeling tool. It is distributed as a ready-to-run (compiled) Java archive. Double clicking the ejs_qm_Superposition2DCircularWell.jar file will run the program if Java is installed. Ejs is a part of the Open Source Physics Project and is designed to make it easier to access, modify, and generate computer models. Additional Open Source Physics programs for quantum mechanics are available. They can be found by searching ComPADRE for Open Source Physics, OSP, or EJS.
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text:
Bahá i Faith
January/February 2014
Stewart B. Gilliam—by professional identity, Stu Gilliam—a comedian, ventriloquist and actor whose career reached its height in the 1960s and '70s, helped break ground for African-American comics to perform for racially mixed audiences in segregated states. A Bahá'í and enthusiastic teacher of the Faith for nearly four decades, mainly in the Los Angeles area, he had recently joined his wife as a pioneer in the Czech Republic.
Stu passed away October 11, 2013, in Ceske Budejovice after a heart attack. He was 80.
In a message expressing condolences to his wife, Vivian Lee White Baravalle Gilliam, and his daughter, Velnita Renee Woods of Texas, the Universal House of Justice wrote, "May his devoted efforts to serve the Cause as a pioneer together with you to the Czech Republic towards the end of his life be a source of encouragement and inspiration to his loved ones and friends."
In its turn, the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States praised his "ardent desire and strenuous efforts" in moving abroad "despite significant impediments to his health and mobility."
And a letter from the Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of Los Angeles noted his "success as a Bahá'í teacher and popular speaker at firesides and other Bahá'í gatherings. Even in advanced sickness, Stu was an avid promoter of the Faith and its principles, just as concerned for the spiritual health of the doctors and nurses around him as they were in attending to his physical well-being."
Born in 1933 in a middle-class area of Detroit, Stu was the grandson of a minister and grew up in a strong church tradition, according to an audio interview posted on the Web by a Bahá'í.
He proved a voracious student of a variety of performing arts, and was so gifted as a young ventriloquist that he left home at 14 to perform with a circus and in state fairs, then after a few years began to appear in clubs in Chicago. During his two-year service in the Korean War, he and his dummy Oscar entertained troops.
In the 1950s and '60s he often worked a nationwide circuit of clubs with mainly or exclusively black audiences, including several appearances at the Apollo in New York City. He sometimes served as an emcee for mixed-race shows, but in several states was prevented from appearing onstage at the same time as white performers.
According to his interview, his growing comedy skills gained him connections and respect among "other writer-performers who wanted black entertainers as a whole to advance." Recognizing his acumen with mixed audiences, the Playboy Club circuit placed him before largely white crowds, including in southern states where that constituted an open challenge to segregation laws.
The late 1960s saw Stu break into national television, including The Ed Sullivan Show, Playboy After Dark and The Dean Martin Show. He also traveled to England and France with Liberace.
Over the next two decades, he continued to appear on television — comedy, drama and game shows — and was a star of the sitcom Roll Out for one season. He also appeared in the 1975 Broadway production The Wiz; did voice work for many children's cartoons; and acted in a number of movies, his last role being in Meteor Man in 1993.
In Los Angeles, Stu's friend Al Waterford Sr. — whom he had met through a fellow comic, Waterford's cousin Redd Foxx — introduced Stu to the Bahá'í Faith in 1975. He attended fireside gatherings with the Waterford family on their sailboat docked in Marina Del Rey; during one of those firesides Stu first met Vivian White.
In the Web interview, Stu said he was afraid his friend had become enmeshed in a cult. So "to get him out of trouble" Stu went to the Los Angeles Bahá'í Center, bought a number of books, got into his camper and drove upstate to a national park, where he spent some time camping and reading.
Before long he had decided he was also a Bahá'í. "It made so much sense to start with," he reflected, "the ideal that religion is one."
He was active for many years in area Bahá'í communities, notably North Hollywood.
Vivian White Baravalle, who had lived as a Bahá'í pioneer for 20 years in Italy, then since 1998 in the Czech Republic, crossed paths with Stu on a 2004 visit to Los Angeles. Both divorced from their previous spouses, they rekindled their friendship; in 2007 they were married in a ceremony at the Los Angeles Bahá'í Center.
He moved to be with her in Ceske Budejovice, but because of continuing treatments and surgeries for lung cancer and COPD, he spent most of his time in North Hollywood and Burbank. So Vivian would "commute" to California in the summers.
"Stu loved his adopted country, the Czech Republic, and its people, especially our many friends here," his wife notes.
His burial spot is in Borsov nad Vltavou, a peaceful locale on the Vltava River.
GILLIAM, Stu (Stuart Byron Gilliam)
Born: 7/27/1943, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.
Died: 10/10/2013, Ceské Budejovice, Czechoslovakia
Stu Gilliam's westerns – actor:
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again – 1979 (Black Cook)
Wildside (TV) – 1985 (dance troupe leader)


text:
The Hague Transavia Grand Slam | 15 - 20 July 2014
Gstaad, Switzerland, July 10, 2014 - While all eyes this season have been focused on 2013 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Champions Alexander Brouwer and Robert Meeuwsen, the Netherlands has produced another team which has quietly made its way into the list of top pairs on the 2014 FIVB World Tour.
With wins over pairs from Germany and Canada, Jon Stiekema and Christiaan Varenhorst joined Brouwer and Meeuwsen in posting perfect match marks here Thursday in the 15th annual Gstaad Grand Slam. The Brouwer and Meeuwsen partnership entered this week's event as the 26th-ranked on the 2014 FIVB World Tour, while the Stiekema and Varenhorst tandem started the tournament listed 11th in the international standings.
Stiekema and Varenhorst are competing in their sixth FIVB event this season. The pair has posted a 19-10 match mark this season after their two wins Thursday. They now enter their final Gstaad pool play match Friday morning on the centre court against Daniele Lupo and Paolo Nicolai of Italy, the No. 2-ranked team on the international circuit. Stiekema and Varenhorst boast three top nine placements in 2014, including a bronze medal finish in the season opener in Fuzhou, China.
"We are fairly happy with our season to date," said the 26-year-old Stiekema. "The Fuzhou medal was something we were aiming for this season and to reach that during the first tournament was quite astonishing. After that, the results have been a bit disappointing, but we have been playing better in the last couple of tournaments. We are hoping to continue that trend."
As for the rest of the season, Stiekema said his team is "aiming to improve each week. The tournaments are so stacked with great teams that it is extremely hard to get to compete for the podium spots, but seeing we finished third in Fuzhou and how good it felt, we would love to repeat that success again this year."
Brouwer and Meeuwsen opened with wins over teams from Australia and Italy on Thursday. They will play fourth-ranked Emanuel Rego and Pedro Salgado of Brazil with the winner in position to capture their Gstaad pool and advance to the elimination format with a first-round "bye". The Dutch pair has four top nine finishes this season highlighted by a fifth in Fuzhou.
The $800,000 event in the Swiss Alps village is also being used as a "prelude" event for both Dutch teams as they prepare for next week's FIVB World Tour Grand Slam stop in the Netherlands.
The Transavia Grand Slam will be played July 15-20 with a unique arrangement of playing in three different cities in the Netherlands - The Hague, Amsterdam and Apeldoorn. The Netherlands' Volleyball Federation (NEVOBO) and the promotional company of TIG Sports will use this year's Transavia Grand Slam to prepare for the 2015 FIVB World Championships, the sport's most prestigious event outside of the Olympic Games.
Home comforts
"We are really excited to be playing in this year's event," said Stiekema, who has been playing on the FIVB World Tour since 2009. "We are so glad that The Hague and the other cities managed to get such a big Grand Slam for our country. It is going to be the first time that this is happening. Logistically it might be really different, but it feels really special and I like that. They do this kind of stuff a lot in other bigger sports and so for me, it really feels like a step into getting beach volleyball to be bigger as a sport."
Stiekema, who is currently ranked 11th on the 2014 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour with the towering 2.10m Varenhorst, said that the Dutch teams "have been playing on the Dam in Amsterdam during our national tour and that is always a special location. It is one of the most crowded places in our country so as an athlete that is great, since playing in front of lots of people is really special. It is going to be in the center so it will be quite different than The Hague where it tends to be windy, because it is by the sea. Apeldoorn is going to be a surprise for me since I have never played there, but this will also be less windy than The Hague."
With a $1-million purse for the sixth of nine Grand Slam stops on the 2014 FIVB World Tour, Stiekema said the Transavia Grand Slam will have a "special" feel, especially in promoting Beach Volleyball in the Netherlands.
"Yes, absolutely this event will be special for all the players," said Stiekema, who earned his first FIVB medal early this season with Varenhorst in Fuzhou, China. "Playing at sites in the middle of two cities is unique. Playing for the biggest purse of the year really makes it grander."
As for the pressure of playing for the host country, Stiekema feels "there is more pressure. But just being at home, playing at sites you have practiced at before is quite relaxing. Being in a hotel is not bad, but it is not home. These things for me make it that I love playing as a host country team. Also, since we are abroad so much, our loved ones cannot really see us that much, so although it gives a bit more pressure, it is nice to show your family and friends what you actually do and train so hard for."
Stiekema feels the Dutch teams will have "an advantage, just as every other host country team always has an advantage. Having the crowd behind you and being able to go home and prepare in the relaxed location of your own environment is just so much easier."
As such, the 2014 Transavia Grand Slam will not be a typical event on the FIVB World Tour. In addition to being a "prelude" to the 2015 FIVB World Championships in the Netherlands, it will provide more exposure to beach volleyball in the European country with competition at three sites. Along with the $1-million purse, the event will showcase the skills of the Dutch teams, especially the pairs of Stiekema/Varenhorst and Brouwer/Meeuwsen.
NEVOBO and TIG Sports are confident that their innovative format of a multi-site design for both the 2014 Transavia Grand Slam and the 2015 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Championships will produce a delightful alternative for Dutch sporting fans.
"Beach Volleyball is really an attractive sport to watch," said Stiekema, "so the biggest issue is getting it to the public. With all these great events and innovations, it looks like it is heading in the right direction."
20.07.2014 17:00:12
Fijalek & Prudel Net Poland's First FIVB World Tour Gold Medal
The Hague, The Netherlands, July 20, 2014 - The names of Grzegorz Fijalek and Mariusz Prudel are now in the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour record bo... More...
20.07.2014 16:02:17
Emanuel & Salgado win All-Brazilian Bronze Medal Affair
The Hague, The Netherlands, July 20, 2014 - Legendary Beach Volleyball Emanuel Rego has added a new country to his list where he has won international... More...
20.07.2014 14:57:22
Brazilians Fernanda & Lima Top Transavia Grand Slam Podium
The Hague, The Netherlands, July 20, 2014 - It has been another successful Beach Volleyball event in The Netherlands for Taiana Lima as she returned t... More...
20.07.2014 12:46:08
Antonelli & Juliana Capture Transavia Grand Slam Bronze Medal
20.07.2014 08:04:21
Europe vs. Americas for The Hague Beach Volleyball Gold Medals
19.07.2014 22:05:09
Poland Seeks First FIVB World Tour Gold Medal
19.07.2014 19:50:21
Holtwick & Semmler Seek Validation
19.07.2014 17:44:36
Three-set matches highlight Transavia Grand Slam men's quarterfinals
19.07.2014 14:46:43
From Qualifier to "Final 4" for Brazilians Fernanda & Lima at Transavia Grand Slam
19.07.2014 08:15:02
"Moving Day" Matches Spice Saturday's Transavia Grand Slam Schedule
19.07.2014 07:16:45
Chilean Cousins Claim Big Payday
18.07.2014 21:42:01
Americans Doherty & Lucena Tandems Earn Transavia Grand Slam Break-through
18.07.2014 20:23:05
Brazilian Women Continue Strong Transavia Grand Slam Showing
18.07.2014 18:00:51
Unexpected Tandems Earn Transavia Grand Slam Second Round Berths
18.07.2014 14:46:47
Brazilian Women Dominating Transavia Grand Slam
18.07.2014 12:39:58
European Champions Van Iersel and Meppelink disappoint after loss on home sand
18.07.2014 00:55:32
Elimination Rounds Highlight Friday's Transavia Grand Slam Schedule
18.07.2014 00:49:40
Elimination Rounds Highlight Friday's Transavia Grand Slam Schedule
17.07.2014 20:57:03
Latvians Erase Swiss Memories
17.07.2014 18:59:34
American Olympic Medalists Led Transavia Grand Slam Pool Winners
17.07.2014 18:35:39
Travelling Aussies happy on the road
17.07.2014 18:23:51
Dalhausser and Rosenthal on the hunt for a 'turkey' in The Hague
17.07.2014 14:38:14
Beach volleyball gives Apeldoorn a big buzz
17.07.2014 13:25:39
FIVB World Champions Seek Transavia Grand Slam Success
16.07.2014 22:33:15
US and Australian pairs unbeaten in Amsterdam
16.07.2014 22:02:07
Swiss Tanja's pool winners after only one day in Apeldoorn
16.07.2014 21:27:24
Upsets Highlight Transavia Grand Slam Men's Pool Play Matches
16.07.2014 21:02:42
Sand suits Canadian Pavan
16.07.2014 20:21:27
Nummerdor: next year's World Championships are going to surpass everything
16.07.2014 17:37:22
Double or nothing for Bruno
16.07.2014 15:53:36
Germany's Ludwig and Sude making the most of a temporary partnership
16.07.2014 14:50:56
Transavia Grand Slam is the Wimbledon of beach volleyball
16.07.2014 14:46:41
Life is good, but…
16.07.2014 12:47:10
Just like old times
15.07.2014 23:48:08
Amsterdam, Apeldoorn Join The Hague in Hosting Transavia Grand Slam Matches
15.07.2014 16:36:34
Upsets Highlight Transavia Grand Slam Men's Qualification Tournament
15.07.2014 16:34:30
Top-seeded Brazilians Avoid Qualifying Transavia Grand Slam Upset
14.07.2014 20:26:19
Record US$1,000,000 purse for FIVB The Hague Transavia Grand Slam
14.07.2014 16:03:17
Qualifying Rounds Opens Transavia Grand Slam Play Tuesday
14.07.2014 14:09:38
Larissa "Is Back"
14.07.2014 05:07:15
Talking Stats: 2014 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour—July 13
14.07.2014 02:43:50
2014 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour update after nine events
11.07.2014 02:54:55
Double Dutch delight
03.07.2014 18:09:15
European champs ready to give home fans taste of what to expect in 2015
23.06.2014 17:32:15
Three cities for The Hague Transavia Grand Slam
07.04.2014 18:09:54
One million dollars in prize money up for grabs at Transavia and Long Beach Grand Slams
19.03.2014 18:01:38
Fortaleza Grand Slam postponed as The Hague confirms four cities
07.03.2014 11:32:52
Transavia Grand Slam 2014 in three World Championship cities
30.01.2014 16:45:20
2014 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour ready for more highlights in record-breaking year


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Measure the length of the notepad and desk in millimeters and centimeters and their mass in kilograms and grams. Notice how the precision and accuracy differ for each measuring device.
Create several rectangles with areas of 16 square units and calculate the perimeter. Predict how the length and width of the rectangle affects the perimeter.
Area models offer a visual representation of mathematical operations. Here you will use area models to multiply and reduce fractions.
Use area models to find either the greatest common factor or the least common multiple of two numbers.
Measure your arm span and height. See how your measurements compare to others when your data is added to a data table and corresponding scatter plot.
What opportunities for learning are offered by having students work on a problem using both arrays and fractions?
Decide whether or not using an array is the best way to solve a problem.
Use your intuition about balance to keep a scale balanced.
Create a line plot [with dots] to represent stacks of coins. Then rearrange the dots to form different line plots and watch what happens to the mean.
Use blocks to build a design from a written description. Try various descriptions to achieve the correct design. View non-Flash version.
Classify the different types of numbers we use, and learn how numbers and operations relate to one another. Start with counting numbers and then add integers, rationals, algebraic, and, finally, real numbers to the line.
Explore equivalent fractions, and decide which of two classrooms is better at blowing bubble gum.
Statistical analysis allows us to organize data in different ways to draw out potential patterns in the variation. Review and compare data represented in a bar graph and accompanying tables depicting relative and cumulative frequency.
Control the slope of lines passing through the origin (0, 0). Keep track of what changes when the slope becomes positive or negative, and when slope is larger or smaller than 1.
Find shapes that are congruent. Verify that they are congruent by making rotations, slides, and reflections.
Do figures with the same area have the same perimeter? Arrange and rearrange 12 square tiles on a grid, and then measure the perimeter of each shape you create.
Use a "linkage strip" to to build quadrilaterals with different sets of lengths. Once you build a quadrilateral, see if you can deform it into a different quadrilateral with the same side lengths.
Use a "linkage strip" to build triangles with different side lengths. When you build a triangle, see if you can deform it into a different triangle while keeping the side lengths the same.
Count the number of raisins in seventeen half-ounce boxes of raisins. Then come up with a solution to determine how many raisins are in Brand X's or Brand Y's box of raisins.
Build staircases out of square blocks. Look for patterns and come up with a rule or formula to predict the number of blocks in any staircase.
Watch as a physical stack of coins is added as a series of dots to a line plot.
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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The young men were very professional. They were in and out in no time at all. I would highly recommend using 1-800-Got-Junk.
Junk removal for your home or business including offices, retail locations, construction sites, and more.
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text:
1. Don't just aim for 70%. Aim high and shoot for 100%.
2. When doing your math homework, be neat. It does make a difference.
3. It's not just the answer that counts in math. Much of your grade is based on the intermediate steps in getting to the answer. So show all your work. Your objective should be to convince your teacher that you know how to do the problem.


text:
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Morzino.com has been officially launched in January 2018, but most localized versions are still BETA and many content elements are currently only available in english and german language. Please be patient, we're working on the translation of all elements!
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text:
I wanted to be able to run program from anywhere without adding
./, so I edited
~/.bashrc to contain this line
export PATH=$PATH:.
Now when I type
echo $PATH I get
[......]:/home/yotam/omnetpp-4.2.2/bin:.: No such file or directory
Why is that?
Also, I'm not sure about why using
export, I get the same result if I just type
PATH=$PATH:more_valuew without export. So what's the difference?


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"Faith does not know why in terms of the immediate,
but it knows why it trusts God Who knows why in terms of the ultimate."
- Os Guiness
"There came unto Him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment, and poured it on His head as he sat at meat. But when His disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, 'To what purpose is this waste?'" Matthew 26:7-8
Throughout the past twenty centuries thousands of precious lives, heart treasures, high positions, and golden futures have been "wasted" upon the Lord Jesus. To those who love Him in such a way He is altogether lovely and worthy of their offering. What they have poured upon Him is not a waste but a fragrant testimony of His sweetness and worthiness.


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(AP) — Shares of Groupon Inc. rose 8.5 percent to $3.37 Tuesday after a hedge fund said it bought a 9.9 percent stake in the battered online deals company.
Tiger Global Investments LP disclosed its purchase of 65 million shares in a securities filing on Monday. Tiger Global also owns a small stake in Facebook Inc.
Groupon Inc. pioneered the online daily deals market, offering subscribers deep discounts on everything from spa sessions to restaurant meals to toe fungus treatments. To expand its business, and in an attempt to distinguish itself from copycat online deals websites, Groupon has tried to establish itself as a local e-commerce company. It now also sells electronic gadgets and other goods. But its revenue growth rate has declined steadily since the company went public late last year, taking a toll on its shares.
The purchase by Tiger Global is a sign that at least one big investor has confidence in the company.
In a note to investors Monday before Tiger Global's stake was disclosed, Deutsche Bank analyst Ross Sandler said he's "warming up" to a possible upgrade of Groupon's stock, which he currently rates "Hold." The notion that "everything is imploding" at Groupon is wrong, he said.
The company's North American business is "fairly stable" quarter-over-quarter, though growth slowed from a year ago, he said Still, the company's European business "is still several quarters from stabilization" and has "significant issues."
Groupon, which went public at $20 on Nov. 4, 2011, has ranged from $2.60 to $25.84 since. It has not traded above $10 since July.


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Maryland and Rutgers Jump to Big Ten Conference
College football saw another bold act of colonialism this week, but this time, it wasn't a storied football program that was annexed. Rachel Bachman has details on Lunch Break.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... ay ay ay in collegiate sports conference about the book on ... the PE fourteen and was can become of the beleaguered ... big East is chaos out there on the football field Rachel Bachman that was here she is a sports reporter kept a journal to help make sense of it I think his thoughts that's a tall order for you ... let's start with what's happening specifically with ... the big ten who in AGS and why it won yesterday added Maryland state are expected to add workers to denounce the prospects for two pm was widely expected to double the latter at fourteen team ... all they will keep the big ten name that is their brand of course of the then geography doesn't set a map that something work that out alright aam and so this isn't as Monday's moves really our departure from what we see in the past we've seen conference realignment which as you know has become rampant and the college football world in recent years ... this was different because it really was made on it with that TV audience in mind and not as much on with the idea of the above programs at hand was talk about the double the rate to because you know I'm someone from North Carolina UNC graduate music and in ... the ACC is in the ACC team even now let's all get shaken up and teens being added to the ECB would have even ... thought up ... in the threatening not them because of the teams and other plane so much as what they're saying is about the TV market walk us through that write to me that a seismic shift right one starts with really a shift in the aam fall colors ports operator of the main revenues are now becoming increasingly pay TV rights he has ... been so than in the old days when all the money would come from and spectators are most in any way ... of that and the importance of on big stadiums the sun so for ... now it's about these giant broadcast rights fees the cottage the pot can command ... and what this movie in particular does is it adds to members that aren't really do not have great football pedigree is not a one of them is the isthe decorative football program ... um what what did you add is many many millions of eyeballs in the Washington D C area with Maryland and down in the near future Syria with workers ... and that becomes important because of when the big ten network for instance the comforts doubt gone by the big ten told by the time ... goes to to sell its wares to cable providers ... they wanna be a will say we of acts million subscribers and if they can do that they can get more money ... and thus perpetuates the success of the conference call that number is not not isolate those on the scoreboard how but let's look at the box which is owned by News Corp's I'm announcing acquisition minority stake in the yes ... network ... that led to the bigger picture here well it's somewhat public and the the bottom line is that Fox also has a controlling hints at interest in the big ten network and the hope is that down the road ... adding these two teams that are on the eastern seaboard which the big ten did not penetrate right for this move ... aam will increase the attraction of the network enough to actually get on basic cable is enough to soak able ... to read now Supreme Indiana is that the impact for ... some basic cable means that automatically the network automatically gets all the subscribers and the fees the big losers perhaps hundred feet east to me a lot of teams leaving the Hades was talk about that yet for some time it's a it's really been fascinated aam Pittsburgh Syracuse or scandal to be a bomb after this academic year ... and a bit of a lot of comings and goings and in recent years and and and and he's really is suffering from the current trend which is that ... football rules football is what matters to Celsion really has Kersley been a basketball right conference so its struggling now ... to attract some attractive football members and it is the negotiations right now for a new TV contract that should be very interesting because the people that now isnot Commerce's I grew up with ... not it's chaos dogs and cats the Guinea get to know what's happening


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It's like something out of The Prisoner. Trying to bolster the crumbling myth of North Korea's national prosperity, the Pyongyang regime has built a creepy water park.
As the Washington Post explains:
Premiere Pak Pong Ju delivered a speech at the ceremony, arguing, in typically North Korean style, that the water park proves that everyone should do whatever Kim Jong Un says at all times. "The water park is the edifice built thanks to Korean Peoples' Army service personnel's spirit of devotedly carrying out any project and their fighting traits as they are ready to flatten even a high mountain at a go in hearty response to the order of the supreme commander," he said, adding that park employees should "glorify forever Kim Jong Un's leadership exploits."
There's even a lifesize statue of deceased leader Kim Jong-Il in the lobby:
Check out more photos below, and even more over at the Washington Post.


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Honda is set to unveil a small car concept at the 10th Auto Expo show in New Delhi on January 5th--mirroring an announcement from Toyota the week before, according to AutoblogGreen.
The report said Honda is referring to the car internally as the "New Small Concept." It's intended for emerging markets, but it's also designed to be sold in other parts of the world (meaning that it's engineered to easily meet safety, emissions, and other standards for other countries, either right away or with an engine swap).
Honda will also show the CR-Z Concept 2009 (pictured) again, after unveiling it earlier this year, the report said. Honda is doing great with the exception of its hybrid line; the new Insightisn't selling well here or overseas, the Civic Hybrid continues to lag the Prius (especially with Toyota's 2010 revamp), and Honda canned its unsuccessful Accord Hybrid several years ago.


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text:
Publications: Parsons, Michael
Journal Article
Parsons, M.H., Blumstein, D.T. and Dods, K.C. (2012) An in situ vertebrate bioassay helps identify potential matrices for a predator-based synthetic management tool. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 36 (2). pp. 383-388.
Biedenweg, T.A., Parsons, M.H., Fleming, P.A.ORCID: 0000-0002-0626-3851 and Blumstein, D.T. (2011) Sounds scary? Lack of habituation following the presentation of novel sounds. PLoS ONE, 6 (1). e14549.
Parsons, M.H. and Blumstein, D.T. (2010) Familiarity breeds contempt: kangaroos persistently avoid areas with experimentally deployed dingo scents. PLoS ONE, 5 (5). e10403.
Parsons, M.H. and Blumstein, D.T. (2010) Feeling vulnerable? Indirect risk cues differently influence how two marsupials respond to novel dingo urine. Ethology, 116 (10). pp. 972-980.


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Kasey Lange drove in six of Harvard's eight runs Sunday in two games against Columbia (Harvard Athletic Communications).
NEW YORK – Rookie third baseman Kasey Lange drove in six runs in two games as the Harvard softball team picked up a pair of 4-2 wins over Columbia Sunday in an Ivy League doubleheader. The Crimson ups its season record to 18-10 and its Ivy mark to 4-0 on the season with the twinbill sweep.
Lange saw the ball well from the get-go, lacing a double to center in the top of this first for the game's first hit. However, it was the Lions who came home with the game's first run, thanks to a one-out walk followed by a pair of singles to the left side of the infield in the first. Harvard prevented another run from coming home in the inning, cutting down a Columbia runner in a rundown.
Harvard did its damage in the top of the third, getting a jolt from Ashley Heritage who reached base with one out on a catcher error. Ellen Macadam and Stephanie Regan also reached on Columbia errors, loading the bases for Lange with one out in the frame. After taking a ball and a strike, Lange launched a 1-1 pitch to centerfield for the first grand slam of her career, swinging the lead over to Harvard, 4-1 after three innings. The blast was Lange's third round-tripper of the season.
From there, it was all Rachel Brown as the junior hurler scattered two hits over the final five innings to keep the Harvard lead safe. The Lions managed one more run on a solo home run in the bottom of the seventh, but that was all the offense they could muster as Brown picked up her 12th win of the season with a 4-2 final. Lange went 3 for 3 with two doubles, a homer and four RBI while Brown sat down 11 Columbia hitters in the complete-game victory.
Macadam started Game 2 on the right foot for the Crimson, punching the second pitch of the game over the left field fence for her team-leading sixth homer of the season. Pitcher Laura Ricciardone quelled a good chance for the hosts in the bottom of the inning, keeping the Lions off the board despite three base hits. Harvard doubled its lead in the top of the fourth where Lange ripped her third double of the day to start the inning. After a Whitney Shaw fly out to left, Allison Scott stepped to the plate and drove in her classmate with an RBI double to left center.
Lange stretched the visitor lead to 4-0 in the Harvard fifth, following Macadam and Regan singles with a base-hit to right field driving in two. Three base hits by the Lions in the bottom of the seventh resulted in two runs, but Ricciardone retired the final batter on a fielder's choice to end the scoring threat and give the 4-2 victory to Harvard. Ricciardone went the distance for the Crimson, scattering seven hits and striking out five for her sixth win this season. Lange and Scott were both 2 for 3 from the plate with Lange picking up a pair of RBI in the game. Macadam and Regan also knocked a pair of hits in the win.
Harvard returns home for its next game when it welcomes Providence to Soldiers Field for a 4 p.m. game Tuesday.


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Sheriff Joe Biden Avoids Furloughs
The automatic federal spending cuts known as the sequester are forcing thousands of government employees - from air traffic controllers to White House staff - to take unpaid days off. As White House Press Secretary Jay Carney put it, "everyone's affected by this."
Well, maybe not everyone.
One executive branch leader has found a way to make the cuts without forcing people out of work: Vice President Biden.
Like most of the federal government, the office of the vice president is subject to across the board spending cuts, but an administration official tells me Biden's office has been able to do what the FAA - and president's own staff - have been unable to do: make the required spending cuts without furloughing any employees.
The VP's office, I am told, is not furloughing anybody and not requiring any staff to take pay cuts. They have found other ways to make the required budget cuts. The VP's office won't say how they have made the cuts.
In contrast, the president's staff is facing furloughs beginning in early May. The FAA started furloughing air traffic controllers on Sunday.
"The sequester affects everyone in the White House office," Carney said today. "There will be furloughs effective with the first pay period in May as I understand it."
Perhaps Biden could offer the president, or the FAA, some advice on how to save money without forcing people out of work. After all, he has a reputation within the White House for combating wasteful spending.
As President Obama said of Biden in 2009: "To you, he's Mr. Vice President, but around the White House, we call him the sheriff because if you're misusing taxpayer money, you'll have to answer to him."
By avoiding furloughs in his own office, Biden also ends up saving himself a few bucks.
Biden's office has said, "The vice president is committed to sharing the burden of the sequester with his staff." If his staff faced furloughs, he would do what the president and most of the senior members of the cabinet have done: give back a portion of his salary.
Biden has elected not to give back any of his salary, because none of his own staff have been forced to take a pay cut.


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There is nothing better than a musical segment, that lets a villain can stop and lay out his evil plans for the rest of the audience, set to music. A supervillain who can sing has more panache than regular mundane villains. To celebrate the best of the serenading evildoers, we've gathered our favorite villainous musical numbers from television, movies and video games.
Here are the 36 best supervillain musical numbers ever performed on screen.
1. Pete's Dragon - "Every little Piece"
God, there is so much horror in this movie. From the hillbilly song "Bill of Sale," where a terrifying group of mountain folk scream about OWNING a little boy to "In These Hills," which is just about the various ways they're going beat up this kid, all of these songs are terrifying. However, listening to this villain sing about how he's going to cut a dragon into bits is the absolute best (and scariest).
2. Spaceship (The Creature Wasn't Nice), "I Want to Eat Your Face" (1983)
3. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, "Once More With Feeling" (2001)
Specific song, "Sweet's Introduction."
4. Little Prince, "A Snake in the Grass" (1974)
Bob Fosse, human snake.
5. Rock & Rule, "My Name is Mok" (1983)
Damn, Lou Reed is scary.
6. Hocus Pocus, "I put A Spell on You" (1993)
Runner up "Come Little Children."
7. FernGully, "Toxic Love" (1992)
Tim Curry doing what he does best, singing maniacally!
8. Winnie the Pooh, "Heffalumps & Woozles on Parade" (1977)
Beware! Beware, and never sleep again!
9. The Headless Horseman's Sleepy Hollow Tune (1949)
10. Nightmare Before Christmas, "Kidnap the Sandy Claws" (1993)
Lots of folks probably expected the Oogie Boogie song, but no. The little trio of kiddie monsters are way scarier, and a lot more fun. This song is the best villain tune off the whole soundtrack, and it's an ear worm as well. So good luck getting it out of your head.
11. Tangled, "Mother's Knows Best" (2010)
Donna Murphy sings a totally twisted song about sheltering her fake daughter from the real world so she can live forever. The creepy part about this Disney spin on Rapunzel? These two characters actually care for one another. The witch raised this baby, and now they are in some strange abusive relationship based on false love. It's heavy.
12. Batman: The Brave And Bold, "Drives Us Bats"
Neil Patrick Harris bellows about Batman.
13. Doctor Who, "I Can't Decide"
Ok so maybe The Master is just lip syncing to this Scissor Sisters tune, but if it's good enough for Beyonce.
14. The Return of Captain Invincible, "Choose Your Poison" (1983)
Christopher Lee sings about boozey death.
15. Gremlins 2, "New York, New York" (1990)
A completely unnecessary, absolutely delightful song featured in the Gremlins sequel. If you look closely you can see all the studio reps standing in the background shaking their heads and wringing their hands.
16. Leprechaun in the Hood, The Rap (2000)
Warwick Davis raps.
17. The Wind in the Willows, "Secret of Survival" (1996)
Live action Wind in the Willows Weasels are terrifying. Kill it with fire.
18. Princess and the Frog, "Friends on the Other Side" (2009)
Watch as the great Keith David steals the entire movie in two minutes.
19. The Emperor's New Groove, "Yzma's Song" (2000)
The tragically cut song, performed by Eartha Kitt. Seriously, why do you cast Eartha Kitt if you're not going to let her sing? SHAME ON YOU DISNEY.
20. Anastasia, "In the Dark of the Night" (1997)
Update, actually that's Jim Cummings singing and ripping his face off, not Christopher Lloyd.
21. Portal, "Still Alive" (2007)
If we're going to include blogs, movies and TV shows we had to add the very best video game villain song of all time — hit it, GLaDOS.
22. Dr. Horrible's Sing-A-Long Blog, "Freeze Ray" (2008)
Gosh, what to pick from this masterful collection of Whedon jams? There's "Brand New Day," the "Bad Horse" jingle and even the final song where Dr. Horrible becomes really horrible. However, we had to go with Freeze Ray, because we love seeing a villain in love. And it's a sweet love, tainted by a quest for world domination, but still love. Also it's his love for Penny that turns him evil so this is the ultimate set up song.
23. Beauty and the Beast, "Gaston" (1991)
Such a good song, you almost end up cheering for him in the end (of the song not the movie, he's a total monster overall).
24. The Little Mermaid, "Poor Unfortunate Soul" (1989)
Pat Carroll is beyond amazing performing Howard Ashman and Alan Menken's tune. Everyone now, "Beluga, Sevruga, Come winds of the Caspian Sea. Larynxes, glossitis. Et Max Laryngitis. La voce to meeeeee!"
25. Little Shop of Horrors, "You'll be a Dentist" (1986)
Runner up, "Suppertime."
26. Labyrinth, "Magic Dance" (1986)
David Bowie and his bulge kicking muppet minions, yes please.
27. Pocahontas, "Mine, Mine Mine" (1995)
David Ogden Stiers harmonizes with himself.
28. My Little Pony: The Movie, "Nothing Can Stop the Smooze!" (1986)
29. Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, I Want It Now (1971)
What is a "bean feast?"
30. Thumbelina, "On the Road" (1994)
Sung by Charo.
31. Rock-A-Doodle "We Hate The Sun" (1991)
Apparently owls = organ.
32. Lord of the Rings, Where There's a Whip" (1978)
So great it inspired a burlesque rendition.
33. How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, "You're a Mean one, Mr Grinch" (1966)
34. Muppet Movie, "Let's Talk About Me" (2011)
Chris Cooper keeps three woman in his closet.
35. Batman the Animated Series, "Say that we're Sweethearts Again"
An amazing superhero take on the Virgina O'Brien classic.
36. Cats Don't Dance, "Big and Loud"
Runners Up:
These tunes aren't exactly in our wheelhouse, so we can't "technically" add them to the io9 list. However, they are all so awesome and they shouldn't be overlooked. So we gave them a special category here.
The Great Mouse Detective, "The World's Greatest Criminal Mind"
Lady & the Tramp, "We Are Siamese"
Lion King, "Be Prepared"
101 Dalmatians, "Cruella Deville"
Hunchback of Notre Dame, "Hellfire"
UPDATE: OK I forgot there were talking gargoyles in Hunchback so it can count, you win!


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Andrew Hill Card, Jr. (born May 10, 1947) is a Republican American politician, former United States Cabinet member, and head of President George W. Bush's White House Iraq Group. Card served as U.S. Secretary of Transportation under President George H. W. Bush and the White House Chief of Staff under George W. Bush. He announced his resignation as Chief of Staff March 28, 2006, effective April 14, 2006.
Card was born in Brockton, Massachusetts, the son of Joyce (née Whitaker) and Andrew Hill Card, Sr. He was active in the Boy Scouts of America's Old Colony Council and earned the rank of Life Scout. Later, he graduated from the University of South Carolina with a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering. He also attended the United States Merchant Marine Academy and the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Card served in the United States Merchant Marine from 1966 to 1967.
Card got his start in politics serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1975–1983. He ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for Governor of Massachusetts in 1982.


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Testing a Side-Effecting Haskell Monad
In this post I'm going to continue discussing testing CHP, this time focusing on the CHP monad. The monad is a bit complex (and indeed, there is a subtle bug in the current version of CHP to do with poison-handling) because it has several semantic aspects:
- it is an error-handling/short-circuiting monad (because it must obey the poison semantics),
- it has some extra semantics to do with choice that treats the leading action differently,
- underneath it all, there is the IO monad, which must be lifted correctly.
CHP is a monad with side-effects: quite aside from the communication with parallel processes, the presence of lifted IO means that it can have arbitrary side-effects. This means, if my terminology is correct, that we need a check for operational equality rather than denotational. Let's explore this by considering testing an error-handling monad.
Testing An Error-Handling Monad
The Either type can be used as an error-handling monad by using the Left constructor to hold an error, and the Right constructor to hold a successful return. One property that should hold is that Left e >>= k == Left e. That's an actual Haskell equality; we can test that property for any function k, and use actual equality on the result.
It's also possible to use a similar error-handling monad transformer. The transformers library offers an ErrorT e m a type that allows you to wrap a monad "m", using error type "e", with successful returns of type "a" (with a function throwError :: e -> ErrorT e m a for introducing errors). We can test this using the Identity monad as type "m", which would make sure the code was pure. But the semantics of this error transformer involve what actions occur in the error monad. For example, runErrorT (m >> throwError e >> n) should be equivalent to m >> return (Left e), but usually m (which is a monadic action) cannot be directly compared for equality.
Setting this in the IO monad makes it all much clearer: runErrorT (lift (putStrLn "Hello") >> throwError e >> lift (putStrLn "Goodbye")) should print Hello on the screen, and then finish with an error — and not print Goodbye. Testing this is difficult because we need to have a harness that can check for which side-effects occurred, making sure the right ones (e.g. printing Hello) did happen, and the wrong ones (e.g. printing Goodbye) didn't happen.
This is exactly the situation that the CHP monad is in; we always have IO beneath the CHP monad (which we can't swap out for a more easily testable monad!), so we must test equality of code by checking which side effects occurred. We need to check that liftIO_CHP (putStrLn "Hello") >> throwPoison >> liftIO_CHP (putStrLn "Goodbye") prints Hello then throws poison, and doesn't print Goodbye. Printing text is a difficult side-effect to track in a test harness, but the nice thing about IO is that it has a whole host of side-effects to choose from! So I test by observing alterations to a Software Transactional Memory (STM) variable (TVar) — therefore my test inputs are of type TVar String -> CHP a.
Testing CHP's Error-Handling
I use these two functions as a harness to execute the CHP code:
runCHPEx :: CHP a -> IO (Either SomeException a) runCHPEx m = (Right <$> runCHP m) `C.catches` [Handler (\(e::UncaughtPoisonException) -> return $ Left $ toException e) ,Handler (\(e::ErrorCall) -> return $ Left $ toException e)] runCode :: (TVar String -> CHP a) -> IO (String, Either SomeException a) runCode m = do tv <- newTVarIO "" r <- runCHPEx (m tv) s <- atomically (readTVar tv) return (s, r)
The runCode function gives back (in the IO monad) the String that was the final value of the TVar, and the result of running the CHP computation — either an uncaught poison/error exception or an actual return value. (One planned change to CHP semantics in version 3.0.0 is that uncaught poison gets translated into an exception, rather than giving runCHP a Maybe-wrapped return.) Here's some example HUnit tests (with some useful helper functions):
obsTestPoison :: Test obsTestPoison = TestList [("ab", Right 'b') ==* \tv -> tv!'a' >> tv!'b' ,("", Left UncaughtPoisonException) ==* const throwPoison ,("a", Left UncaughtPoisonException) ==* \tv -> tv!'a' >> throwPoison ] where (!) :: TVar String -> Char -> CHP Char (!) tv c = c <$ (liftIO_CHP $ atomically $ readTVar tv >>= writeTVar tv . (++[c])) (==*) :: (String, Either UncaughtPoisonException Char) -> (TVar String -> CHP Char) -> Test (==*) x m = TestCase $ runCode m >>= assertEqual "" (onLeftSnd Just x) . onLeftSnd fromException where onLeftSnd :: (b -> c) -> (a, Either b d) -> (a, Either c d) onLeftSnd f (x, Left y) = (x, Left $ f y) onLeftSnd f (x, Right y) = (x, Right y)
The left-hand side of the starred equality is the expected result. The right-hand side is the code (which is of type TVar String -> CHP Char) which should produce that result.
So by observing deliberately-placed side-effects in the code, we can check for equality in a side-effecting monad. These unit tests aren't the only way I'm testing my monad though — in my next post, I'll build on this to form a more advanced property-based testing technique.


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Southern California based Hair & Makeup Artist
Specializes in Bridal, Runway, Editorial and TV/Film
Giveaway Sponsored by Jackie H Artistry
Contest end date: July 23, 2012
Winner: I will choose 1 random winner and winner will receive (by mail) a voucher for a free makeover by Jackie H. It is geared towards those who reside in Southern California, but anyone can win and the winner has an option of gifting the voucher to another person.
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NC soldier gets free surgery to fix injured nose
CHAPEL HILL, N.C. — A Fort Bragg soldier injured more than six years ago in an ambush in Afghanistan is breathing easier after a free surgery to repair his nose, which was damaged when he slammed into a machine gun.
Forty-year-old Shannon Cruz admired his new nose earlier this week at the office of a Chapel Hill plastic surgeon. Dr. Charles Finn operated on the chief warrant officer as part of a program called Faces of Honor.
Cruz was in the Air Force when he was hurt. A military doctor operated on Cruz in 2006, but problems persisted.
He recently learned about Faces of Honor, a program operated by the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Finn operated on him Nov. 2 and removed his bandages Thursday, in time for Veterans Day.
Credit: The Associated Press.


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A match thread will be created for each match but this thread is for general discussion that doesn't fit anywhere else.
Similiar to the *Official* Group A General Discussion and *Official* Group B General Discussion threads.
A match thread will be created for each match but this thread is for general discussion that doesn't fit anywhere else.
Similiar to the *Official* Group A General Discussion and *Official* Group B General Discussion threads.
Moderators - email@example.com (will go to all moderators)
Email/Hangouts - firstname.lastname@example.com
Pak vs Eng quarter final, unbeatable entertainment value if it happens.
For as long as there is limited overs cricket - of ten, twenty or fifty overs - there will remain the Sri Lankan spinners' mid-innings choke
That's very unlikely IMO.Group B has most probably taken it's final shape.That's how the teams will end up.Group A will become clearer after Saturday,but for Pakistan and England to meet in the QF,Pakistan will have to end up 2nd in the group,which is kind of unlikely.We'll end up 4th or 1st.
If Pak beat Australia they will most likely play the West Indies. If they lose then they will play South Africa. However it can all change if West Indies beat India and if Bangladesh beat South Africa (both scenarios unlikely to happen). Tbh I don't mind facing West Indies or RSA.
I am getting a bad feeling about the QFs. A friend of mine and myself were discussing that it seems that if we get any other opposition bar bangers in the QFs were going to get banged and knocked out.
And smalishah's avatar is the most classy one by far Jan certainly echoes the sentiments of CW
Yeah we don't crap in the first world; most of us would actually have no idea what that was emanating from Ajmal's backside. Why isn't it roses and rainbows like what happens here? PEWS's retort to Ganeshran on Daemon's picture depicting Ajmal's excreta
I think we have a good chance against the Windies. As for South Africa, well with our bowling we can get rid of their top order quickly leaving their tail exposed.
My predictions
1) Australia vs West Indies, March 23.
2) Sri Lanka vs England, March 24.
3) New Zealand vs India, March 25.
4) Pakistan vs South Africa, March 26.
(Assuming Sri Lanka, Australia and India win their respective matches).
Sri Lanka in Sri Lanka. Tricky, but we could go there and win, IMO.
Originally Posted by Axl Rose
RIP Craigos. A true CW legend. You will be missed.
https://elitecricketexchange.wordpress.com - Overseas Cricket Exchange Agency
My predictions
1) New Zealand vs West Indies, March 23.
2) Pakistan vs England, March 24.
3) Australia vs India, March 25.
4) Sri Lanka vs South Africa, March 26.
(Assuming New Zealand, Pakistan and India win their respective matches).
Is it bad that I'm quite relieved Bangladesh are unlikely to make the QFs?
Honestly, after India, Sri Lanka and Australia, they're the number four "does not want" team to face for me right now.
Proudly supporting Central Districts
RIP Craig Walsh
Assuming Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India and South Africa win their matches
Pakistan v.s. West Indies
Sri Lanka v.s. England
Australia v.s. India
South Africa v.s. New Zealand
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Readers' Rods
Bob Dahl
Sioux City, Iowa
1947 Chevy sedan
Bob Dahl wrote in to share these pictures of a '47 Chevy he built in 1959, finishing it when he was 20 years old. It was lowered 6 inches over reverse rim steels 'n' caps, and ran a highly modified small-block Chevy underhood with Corvette valve covers and triple carbs. The interior was finished with metallic blue metalwork, and matching tuck 'n' roll seats and panels. A '59 Corvette steering wheel and white-edged blue carpet finished off the cabin. With the requisite bodywork—nosed, decked, and shaved—finished, Bob had the exterior painted white.
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Please include your phone number.
Mail vintage photos of you and your hot rod, along with detailed info to: Rod & Custom Magazine, Attn: Kev Elliott/Yesterday's Young Guns, 1733 Alton Pkwy., Ste. 100, Irvine, CA 92606
Send recent photos of your current ride to Kev Elliott/Readers' Rods at the same address.
Send digital images (500 KB or larger) to firstname.lastname@example.com


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Share your adventures and relive the excitement with Garmin's sleek, rugged VIRB camera. It goes where you go to record up to three hours of high definition, adrenaline-charged action. A 1.4-inch chroma display lets you preview and playback video, choose settings, and ensures you that it's actually recording. It's ANT+ capable for compatibility with Garmin devices like the Edge (sold separately), which can be used for remote control. It picks up in-the-moment action like your heart rate and speed when paired with Garmin's ANT+ heart rate monitor and speed/cadence sensor. On top of all that, the VIRB stabilizes footage of bumpy rides, takes 16 megapixel still shots, captures stills while collecting video, and lets you know it's recording with its slide and click switch, which you can feel even while wearing gloves. Plus, Garmin's editing software makes editing and sharing your videos as simple as can be. Life, camera, action!
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|Bishop, CA
|High School:
|Bishop Union High School
1999: Looked at in the preseason to come out of the bullpen, Neboyia actually ended up starting in all 16 of his appearances...Finished the season with three complete games while posting a team leading 100.0 innings...Had a 5.67 ERA.
Junior College: Came to UCSB from College of the Sequoias where he played under Jody Allen...Pitched in the Final Four vs. Cypress and pitched in the schools conference-winning game.
High School: Played for Brad Kheen at Bishop Union High School...Posted a 1.29 ERA with over 100 strikeouts as a senior...Had 20 strikeouts in one game...Was MVP of the High Desert League CIF...Was on the honor roll and competed in basketball.
Personal: Born January 20, 1978 in Bernalillo NM...Enjoys watching Braveheart and Friday...Also recruited by Fresno State, UNLV, and New Mexico State...Majoring in Art Studio...Son of Rena and Elbe Brown.


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Science teaching is made more than normally important, because science in the modern world has for many replaced God as the source of authority.
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Answers in Genesis is an apologetics ministry, dedicated to helping Christians defend their faith and proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ.


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Sakae TR064KF/TR20T POP Trilogy
Sakae Drums is revisiting a legendary drum sound with the introduction of the Trilogy series. "Our approach was to utilize the three-ply shell in a way that would have a distinctive Sakae sound, but still pay homage to that vintage sound so loved after all these years," states Eizo Nakata, president of Sakae Drums.
Sakae's proprietary Maple/Poplar/Maple 3-ply shells are at the heart of Trilogy's vintage sound. 4-ply North American Maple reinforcement rings at the top and bottom of the shell help to dry the sustain and keep the ultra-thin shell in round. Also, the Trilogy series is extremely lightweight, making the perfect kit for the classic Jazz tones of the 50's. Sakae's distinctive attack, when utilized with thicker drumheads, creates the punchy, dry tones of early R&B and 70's Rock.
- Trilogy Series
- Finish: Pink Oyster Pearl
- Hardware: Shell Pack
- 20×16 Kick
- 14×14 Floor Tom
- 12×08 Tom
- 10×7 Tom
- Tom Holder


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Toward a healthier, more equitable world
The New Venture Fund (NVF) works to achieve a healthier, more equitable world. Our work spans a range of issue areas to realize social and environmental change. We collaborate with individuals and institutions to provide fiscal sponsorship and project hosting support that enable them to reach their philanthropic goals.
Our innovative projects span diverse issues, including global health, conservation, public policy, disaster recovery, education, and the arts. Our team finds efficient and often creative solutions to address the problems we are solving, and we partner with our donors through each stage of the project's lifecycle to ensure that we are meeting joint goals. Our donors rely on our expert ability to manage the complex challenges that come with new and innovative projects, freeing them to focus on the ideas and programmatic insights at the heart of their charitable mission.
We have also managed many projects that bring multiple donors together to work in partnership toward a common goal. We work closely with our donors to establish the collaborative's infrastructure and to coordinate project activities.


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October 22, 2012 Length: 28:38
AFR podcaster Fr. Josiah Trenham serves as a member of the Secretariat of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of North and Central America. He was commissioned by that body to conduct interviews with each of the Hierarchs in the Assembly of Bishops over the course of the next year.


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To whomever gave up this gem of a jacket, I thank you. I now feel like my dream of being a Golden Girl is coming true. Since Blanche the lush is already taken, you can call me Dottie, the other lush. Cute right? It only took me all day to come up with that line. I've tried it on everyone I've met thus far today. I got two laughs and an eye roll -- better than my normal joke stats so I went with it.
The red heels are back and possibly with a vengeance. I told someone today when they asked me to describe my style that I was the girl next door with the red heels on. Again, two laughs and an eye roll. But at least I got two laughs.


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District goes back to drawing board
Number seven may be the charm, but an audience gathered at Beaumont Independent School District's West Brook campus Tuesday, May 7, sounded off against BISD's most recent redistricting map, which was only made available for review the same day. BISD is redistricting as part of a constitutional mandate that requires voting entities to re-evaluate their district lines after each census to ensure fair representation to all the population. BISD's map was found out of compliance in 2010, and multiple variations of a new map have been shopped around the board of trustees and the community since 2011.
The newest map, Map 7G, was made by the district's newest demographer, George J. Korbel. According to those opposed to the map, the recent edition splits county precinct lines, offers no representation for the Hispanic community, and includes the local prison population, although prisoners are not allowed to vote.
Beaumont LULAC (League of United Latin American Citizens) president Roberto Flores said the BISD Board of Trustees is ignoring the plight of his community.
"Many on this board do not want a Hispanic on this board," he said. "We do not have representation on this board. Perhaps a new board would be a little bit more cooperative than this one."
Also making a statement on behalf of the Hispanic community was Raul Garcia, who told the board that, "The problem of this board started when it decided to ignore the will of the people." According to him, it was a largely Hispanic voting pool that pushed for changing trustee districts from seven single members (7/0) to that of five single members with two at-large (5/2) representatives.
Flores agreed the 5/2 plan was the best way for Hispanics to garner elected representation. "At least then we'd have an iota of a chance for representation. Now, we have zero chance," he said.
Garcia expanded on his comments, saying it was the trustees' job to fight for what the people voted into order, and instead they have spent tens of thousands of dollars of taxpayer money to do the opposite.
"The board should fight for us, not against us," Garcia said. "Basically, you're holding democracy hostage. You're saying we don't exist.
"Brown people today are the new blacks."
Board president Woodrow Reece said he has no problem with his Hispanic constituents and has learned to live in harmony with those not of his ethnic background.
"Yes, we need Hispanics; they're not going anywhere," he said, adding that he lives in a Hispanic community. Reece then went on the offensive against the city of Beaumont and hecklers in the audience.
"The city didn't want to have crossing guards," Reece said. "That was pathetic.
"These are Beaumont kids, so Beaumont needs to take care of its taxpayers' kids."
Outrage from the crowd was withheld until Reece chided those in attendance about their choice of elected leaders and expressed doubt that the community would ever get along.
In defense of the silenced onlookers, BISD Trustee Tom Neild addressed the board president.
"I want to say something about the way you just talked to these people out here," Neild said. "You need to look in the mirror yourself."
Applause from the audience was cut down by Reece's threat of, "Don't get thrown out of here before we adjourn."
A special meeting for 4:30 p.m. Monday, May 13, will be held as an encore review of the new map. According to information from BISD, the board will then consider, "possibly presenting (Map 7G) to the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ)." The meeting will also serve as a time for demographer Korbel to provide answers to DOJ questions about the current map (Map 7B) proposed for the next school board election.
The meeting will be held in the auditorium at Central Medical Magnet High School at 88 Jaguar Drive. The agenda includes the demographer's presentation, questions and comments by trustees, and comments from members of the public who sign up to speak at the meeting. The meeting has two additional agenda items for trustees to consider — adopting an alternate seven single member district map for submission to the DOJ and reaffirming the Board of Trustees Election under the Texas Education Code to allow members to complete unexpired terms after redistricting.


text: Wahl introduces its Sterling 4 Clipper in a hot new argyle pattern. The clipper comes with an exclusive black leather case and boasts a V5000 motor that works perfectly on wet or dry hair. The thumb-adjustable precision blades snap on and off with ease, and it also comes with four attachment combs for controlled cutting.