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A MAN and A WOMAN
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Bono... MacPhisto
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From the album: seresereOne year ago, 4 great nights in Milan...! A photo version of this ^_^ Pencil on printer paper
© Drawing seresere
Bono on the screen TJTT2017 night 2
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U2 live in Rome TJTT2017
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Bono, Adam and Larry on the screen TJTT2017
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From the album: seresereBono, Adam and Larry on the giant screen at the Olympic Stadium, Rome 15-7-2017 (Night 1)
U2 on stage in Rome TJTT2017
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Bono AR
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Bono... becoming MacPhisto...
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From the album: seresere1 year of Great album, great tour. This is my little "tribute". I was inspired by the fantastic Intermission Pencil on printer paper
© Drawing by seresere
Here in Brazil, U2 fans celebrate this great band, following up this tour European wing. However, today, all the news about U2 are related to Bono speech yesterday in Belfast show on our presidential election of yesterday, too. It is such a pity seeing Bono talking things he doesn't know accurately. He is a kind man, a person full of energy and hope, I follow him since 1982, but he could have thought twice about his words on Brazil. He demonstrated being a childish person, looking at only one side. And worse, here due to the polarization if this election, violence was a mark. So, intelligent politicians and people are making big effort to talk peacefully trying to show points objectively. I can say Bono did it yesterday. He is very polite person, when he visit countries he pay respect to politicians, even though some politicians are thieves, as were the Kirshner family in Argentine, and Mr. Lula in Brazil: they stolen national companies, they talked one thing and did another. Bono has a good life. When he came to São Paulo he went in the most expensive restaurant of the city. Perhaps he does not know for so long how bad is for Brazilians not to have decent way of life because we trusted but were fooled and stolen from former government as we never had been. False commitment to society, false school improvement, false everything! A good economist can show Bono all graphics on how the former government destroyed our economy. But it seems he is only interested in raising an subject he can't support... so despicable saying for saying.., Bono is in all Brazilian newspaper today. For me, a fan since 1982 it is so sad, because it leads nowhere. No contribution to us Brazilian, in this moment we do need all kind of support. Yesterday, he lost a chance to promote a reflection on Brazil big country & society as great people that we are, BECAUSE we are much bigger than : Carnaval, that is a wonderful historical festival, and Military career: do not make fun of people who works to end drug traffic and corruption, they deserve RESPECT - NOT ONLY IN PHOTOGRAPHS! . Also, IRONIES don`t help. Keep your ironies for your place, or to joke on your fans that gave you a high life. I am not right or left, I am only interested in life and intelligence. Sorry to bug you, guys.
Speech about Brazilian elections - Belfast concert
andryu2 posted a topic in SSE Arena, Belfast, GBI don't have words to express my gratitude for Bono's speech in Belfast. It shows how much U2 is concerned about Brazil and the world. Unfortunately, Bolsonaro turned out to be the president. However, people like me will always resist! We'll always fight against intolerance and racism. LOVE IS BIGGER THAN ANYTHING! THANK YOU!
Bono and the Pope meet in the Vatican
Malahide posted a topic in U2 'Net News & Rumourshttps://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-6186105/U2s-Bono-says-popes-aghast-church-sex-abuse.html https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/pope-francis-meets-bono-44083
wedding Adrienne and David Wedding
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From the album: Adrienne and David Wedding - Vegas2Bless up to Mark, Vid, Justin and u2 for the most beautiful wedding ever. ONE LOVE.
© Justin Kent
Get Out of Your Own Way… Get to the Show! U2 Experience & Innocence Tour 2018 SJ RedZone/GA/Seats U2's Surfs Up Friend! Go! Don't overthink, just Go & Experience the Show! Now, I'll tell you why: I went, because I love their music: Adam's flowing bass lines, Larry's precision soulful drumming, Bono's poetry, and Edge's meticulous quest for new soundscapes. To be honest, I was also excited to see what Joe & Willie's staging, sound, and lighting creation for this album tour:how they put their Experience into Art. I was intrigued: How could they put such an album with Sometimes Dark Contemplative Moments, Bright Moments into Performance Art? Oh, and did I share most of said album scared the * out of me? It hit home on so many levels. Ultimately, I went, because Science says I'm not suppose to be here: My body isn't going to make it. Each year I proved them wrong. By the Grace of God and new Scientific breakthroughs. Unfortunately, MF is winning, but I'm still fighting. Too many things to do! So, I decided to celebrate, and go. Either these were my next or last shows- I was going. So glad I did! Parking was easy! Yea! We found all the attendants at the venue helpful and the RED volunteers were informational & well informed. The ladies managing the ONE desk were keepers-inspired by what good philanthropy can do! The SAP greeter employees Love U2 and were so happy & excited to be there & help anyone. So much better than the the last 2 tours where things seemed a little more chaotic. When you walk down into the venue, beyond the amazing rigging, lighting, and hanging speakers, you can see that all areas of the venue have a great view of the stages, platform, and large screen that raises & lowers dividing & then joining North Side GA with South Side GA. GA is the way to go: great views!(The second nightie sat to watch the light show & friend took pics from low) The Red Zones were smaller to me in stage rail access than the Innocence tour, but there was more machinery, security, workers and a nice U2 community. Beverages could be purchased for RedZone & that was helpful too. I saw one attendant have a step stool for a little boy to see the concert bordering the GA&RedZone gate:a very nice idea. Cool to see so many more new young people in the GA & on the floor of the REDZone. Enthusiasm was in the air!All were there for the music!!! All were there to sing, dance, and celebrate:…& I must say they new all the words to each song: U2 should be quite chuffed about that. :-) There was the 2 usual RedZone/GA problems: #1 If you are on the rail of either Zone or GA- remember this is a visual experience too- so there are U2 cameras zipping around, up/down filming the stage & audience, so try not to get behind them or be patient for them to move.(Not a Big Deal) #2: Non-engaging guy whose sole intent on filming the band with his phone, every song, and every movement of the backstage crew up front, even their technical computer gear & operator for cameras, what their computer screens had on them with his phone and pushing people to get his shots with small stuffed backpack that hit us when he moved: 4 people could of easily filled the rail. Not Cool! Be thoughtful to those around you. We all would like a cool pic or two, but in reality, it obscures the view of everyone behind you.Take your pic & put it away. We want to watch the show- experience the music & performance-not look at bad shot/filming through a bad phone screen. No one does!!! We love getting up close, studying the bass & guitar techniques, passionate vocals, and Larry's cadence; we love supporting U2, ONE, and RED, but it spoils it when you can't see the show. REDZone & Security need to fix that now,Please. ? Maybe it's the reason U2 had the clever U2eitour app to be used at home w/album and before the show-not during. Everyone is watching and then somebody decides to put a phone in your view- it ruins the moment for everyone on the floor! U2, right now, on stage,(even the crew) gave off a very Cool Open Zen Vibe all night. Groovy Rockin' Catz.Even though they are a four piece: They were One. U2 were in sync, chill, excited, and professional. A determined unity I had not seen in a while. That Oneness, transferred to the audience. The Love was in the room. You cld feel it, with the imagery on the screen & music during the Preshow. (Great Preshow Music by the way! Loved the new indie selections and new wave's Gary Newman's "Cars".:-D!) As the anticipation excitement builds, and the first background sounds and Bono's first lyric from"Love is all we have left." Tears well up in my eyes, with understanding. I understood the background noises and what I saw on the wall screen before Bono AR spirit came out of the screen, and reached out to the audience to join U2's journey. I have experienced that sound many times- I was intrepid of what was to come next. As U2 shared this experience with us, I relived the trials I faced to keep alive and it's true: When your facing your mortality, when you are fighting to breathe, fighting pain, and at the same moment…All you See is the people and places you have loved in your heart. That Love can be possible anywhere - everywhere in that moment and in the world and needs to happen now. Then, the driving bass of Blackout, awakes one up to seeing the band members inside the moving screen caged walkway, trying to break free from the shadows to the Lights of Home,(Like in an Anton Corbijn photograph) segue into It's A Beautiful Day. The sun's rays spreading joy and hope enlightening the life in front of us. Though out the performance, favorites were celebrated, like "I Will Follow" (Thank you!), Gloria, Edge's growling guitar on Elevation, and Until the End of the World, and Acrobat. I was intrigued how on the circle stage the AR brought Mepho.2018 to life and he definitely was a shot of top hat selfie-gluttony wasn't he? Never know what is going to pop out of TopHat's mouth!:-D I LOVE the DOBRO Edge! Great Spaghetti Western Feel on Lights of Home. A Dobro!? Dudes you Hit it! Then, then the way the signature 60's groove change, "Free Yourself to Be Yourself!" and ending alt. keyboard flutter from the 70's! Brilliant! People at front stage would of liked to see a bigger picture of him on the screen at the beginning of the song, but I understand Willie's moving circle of lights & disco ball that flowed into the music. Maybe we will see the return "Lemon" or "DGPFYCC" or "ZooStation" 2018? I'd love to hear more U2&Kygo colab, snippets from ATTYCLB and HTDAAB albums, but maybe we will see that in future tour/venues. (Edge&Dallas have more AXEFX2s than me, so far, thus, it could happen.;) )? Fans hoped Kendrick Lamar might appear and sing XXX, since he was in the area, but no dice, maybe later? There were many good moments and favorite singles that we could see represented on the walkway screen. Those, will be yours to discover on your ride.(Hehe) We also pondered how many times the mesh screen wall would keep dividing North and South Sides of the venue, two different sides- two different view points?Was this on purpose again?: Were we both seeing the same images on each side? We could see glimpses of citizens across the walkway when the screen was partially up: singing together as a piece of hidden choir, hidden partially by mesh fences- with Hope in their Voices and Love in their Hearts. The lighting and Sound were spot on, each year they bring in new cutting technology that find us melting into one rollercoaster adventure with U2. (Actually, U2, you can turn it up even Louder, if you'd like…and yes gentleman…you can Mic up & Turn up everything in each of your mix (lol)…including the Drums….Don't panic, just kidding Joe ;)) ? Ultimately, I think you should go. Songs of Experience is an OutStanding Concert Album. Be prepared for new experiences, feelings,and thoughts. U2 wove the journey inside the ebb and flow their rolling tide. Go, share a ride on the wave that U2 is traveling on, follow the break to the shore, and find Ordinary Love, because "Love is Bigger than Anything in it's Way".
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in the garden 2
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in the garden
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Que bela imagem!!!
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Bono ficou ainda mais lindo!
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Bono Rain and love
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Muito especial!
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From the album: "All I want is you"Paul David 2 nomes tão fortes e marcantes não são por acaso, você é muito especial nesse mundo. Muito abençoado, aconteça o que acontecer. Meu pássaro favorito!


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Today I ran the same test again to see what is the status, since we're going to release mono 1.2 in a few weeks/months. The numbers look better: 18912 KB for VSIZE and 8200 KB for RSS. These numbers are comparable to the existing perl and python bindings (17032/10028 the former, 15092/9164 the latter).
For reference, on my system the equivalent C program gives: 10568 KB for VSIZE and 4728 KB for RSS. The aumount of writable mapped memory is what counts, though, so I got some data about that, too, with a small program looking at /proc/pid/maps. The C program has about 935 KB of writable memory mapped, 290 KB of which is what looks like the relocation overhead in the numerous shared libraries loaded. Since memory is mmapped in page-sized chunks, even if a library has only a couple of relocations, it will make a whole page dirty. Ulrich Drepper has a paper on how to make shared libraries behave better that is a worthy read, but in some cases there isn't much we can do if we want to support plugin-like systems.
A very amusingly sad fact is to be noted about the libgmodule library: this is a very tiny lib (9 KB of text size). So, to be able to share 9 KB of readonly data, we waste 4 KB of writable data. Maybe it makes sense to just include the gmodule code inside the standard libglib library. libdl has a similar issue (7 KB of text, note that the wrapper library is bigger than the wrapped one, sigh): maybe some linker magic could be used to include libdl inside libc, it would increase the size of the latter by just 0.5%.
In the mono/Gtk# case, the writable memory mapped was 4.35 MBs. Of these, 1 MB is the stack setup for the thread that runs the finalizers: hardly a few KBs of this memory is ever touched, so the kernel doesn't actually commit this amount of data. There is another megabyte that consists of shared mappings from files, which is used by the io-layer to implement the win32 handle semantics. Usually, very little of this memory should be actually read or written, so it shouldn't matter much and the io-layer rewrite Dick is working on will hopefully get rid of most of the usage, too. If we subtract the amount of memory used by the C program itself, we get that the memory actually allocated by mono/gtk# is about 1.3 MBs, in the perl and the python case it's about 2.5 MBs. The 1.3 MBs include about 200 KB of GC heap size, 128 KB of memory allocated for the jitted code (of which just 20-30 KB are used) and the memory used by the mono runtime data structures: metadata from the IL images, jit bookkeeping etc. Of course we plan to reduce our memory requirements even further, since this is good both for the people using mono in embedded solutions and for the people using multiple mono desktop applications. Hopefully in another six months time we'll have as good improvements as we had in the last year:-)
A small followup for the previous entry about exception handling performance.
After the discussion, Zoltan fixed most of the big slowdown issue and now running the pie-thon benchmark, mono is just 20% slower than CPython while running all the tests (it was 2x slower before). Great progress.
What propmted this entry, though, is an interesting result while profiling the eclipse startup running with ikvm: 30% of the time is spent in the garbage collector but about 16% of the time is spent doing exception handling. I haven't investigated if this is an implementation detail of ikvm or the way eclipse works on other JVMs, too. So it turns out that improving exception handling performance helps also eclipse startup times.
The Nemerle guys point out that exception handling is not quite fast as they'd like in Mono and the other CLR implementations and assume it's a design issue of .Net.
I can't say about other implementations, but as far as Mono is concerned, we were busy writing a couple million other lines of code and exception handling speed is of little importance when compared to the amount of work we did and the amount of work we have ahead of us. That said, making some particular exception handling pattern work faster is easy and in fact I just committed a change that makes the posted test case 4 times faster. The trick is to either throw objects that don't derive from System.Exception or to throw already thrown exception objects: in both cases we don't need to get the stack trace info, which is what currently slows down exception handling.
Of course we'll speedup the code when we'll have more time to dedicate to fringe performance areas (the changes are not a 1-liner as the change just committed:-).
The code could be optimized more, for another 2x speedup, if someone is willing to dedicate the time.
Anyway, this issue reminded me of a similar issue that IronPython exposed: when Jim gave his talk at OSCon, there was an embarassing case of exception handling in the pie-thon benchmark where Mono resulted 100 times slower than CPython. A few days after we knew about the issue, I committed some changes to reduce the overhead to more sane levels (we are now about 8 times slower in that particular sub-benchmark and again most of the time is spent gathering stack trace info).
It's interesting to note how the Mono performance improved for the pie-thon bench since IronPython was released. In his slides he mentions Mono 1.0 was 23 times slower than CPython
(2 times slower if the exception-handling bench is not considered). A few days later I posted at http://lambda-the-ultimate.org/ the numbers using mono from cvs (what was to become 1.1.x) and there were already some improvements, with mono 1.8 slower than CPython (without the dreaded b5 test).
Today I rerun the benchmark and the numbers have improved a lot: Mono is now 2 times slower than CPython including the heavy exception handling test. The nice related result is that mono is 10% faster than CPython if b5 is excluded. This amounts to a general 2x speedup in a little over 6 months.
This gets us back to the discussion about the design of .net/mono and exception handling speed. There is nothing in the general design that would make exception handling particularly slow, but of course the virtual machine is not built around the need to make exception handling fast, and for good reasons. As Jim quotes in his slides from the Modula-3 manual:
``Implementations should speed up normal outcomes at the expense of exceptions ... Expending a thousand instructions per exception raised to save one instruction per procedure call would be reasonable.''
One of the reasons IronPython could implement the Python semantics with good performance on Mono is because Mono and the .Net design allow for very fast method calls. Contrast this with, for example, the design of Parrot, where method calls and returns are built around the concept of continuations. This makes exception handling in parrot probably almost as fast as method calls, but normal calls are also made one or two orders of magnitude slower than in Mono.
We'll see more speedups in Mono's exception handling, but people should consider that exception handling will always be about two orders of magnitude slower than a simple method call (well, except for some special cases that we plan to optimize, where they'll be comparable:-).
Technical issues: as a platform, both Mono and the free
software Java virtual machines are mostly on par maturity and
stability-wise. gcj has currently probably the lead on portability
(I guess, since it's based on gcc, but I have no hard data: anyone
knows the status here?), while Mono currently has JIT ports to x86,
sparc and ppc (though itanium, s390, amd64 and arm are in the works):
things are moving fast on this issue in Mono, though, so I expect more
ports to be completed by the end of the year.
From another point of view, Mono has better features to easily integrate with the existing codebase (P/Invoke and embeddability): I think this is important since the core libraries for Gnome are likely to continue to be written in C for the next few years.
Language independence has always been one of the strong points of Gnome and the architecture of the Mono virtual machine provides for a better foundation than the JVM: support for structures, function pointers, tail calls, etc, enable people to write compilers that target Mono and produce reasonably good code for a variety of languages. For example, while it is possible to run Java code in Mono (using IKVM) the opposite is not true. When you want to choose a platform that could be used as a base for Gnome, it's better to choose one which actually supports the use and the interoperation of different programming languages (either with compilers that target the virtual machine directly or with easy to use and implement bridges).
I won't go into the details of a C# vs Java programming language, but it looks like most people (who used to program in Java) found that C# fixed many of the issues they had with the language (though the new version of Java due out in the next few months implements some of them, too).
Legal issues: most of the legal issues are centered around
the availability of the code under a free software license and on patents.
The Mono code is available under the LGPL license (the runtime) and
the X11 license (the class libraries). Some tools, like the C# compiler
are GPL. GNU classpath is available as GPL+exception, so there doesn't seem to
be any huge difference here, though Havoc cites legal issues with the use of
GPL code and the proprietary JDK (to me this just means that the open source
Java community needs to reimplement the relevant code as we have been doing
in the mono project).
The patent issue is somewhat different: the major companies backing the CLR and C# standard agreed to RAND and royalty-free licensing of the patents needed to implement the standard. Libraries non included in the standard may have patent issues, though AFAIK no patent has been granted or claimed yet (this is a similar case as for the libraries we already use in Gnome development: no dying company claimed patents on them yet, but there is no guarantee that won't happen). This is a general issue of patents as has been pointed out multiple times, so it's not something specific to Mono. In fact there are likely several patents on Java and the JVM and no explicit license fortheir use has been granted.
So, for Mono, at least the core virtual machine and library is free from reasonable legal issues, while the JVM is not, as things are known today.
Of course, people see Microsoft as the devil and, as Havoc says, joining forces with Sun may give better results against Microsoft. I'll just note two things: both Sun and Microsoft are big companies with a variety of positions inside them. From one side, for example, Sun donated OpenOffice to the community (I consider it a contribution as big as the Linux kernel, the GNU tools and Gtk+/Gnome for the success of free software systems today) and from the other, they funded SCO, threatened JBoss etc. Microsoft, instead, is completely outside of our community; they, too, injected funds into SCO and they are competing against us. But at the same time they support the standardization of the CLR and C# as Sun never did for the JVM.
And rejecting a standard only because MS proposed it doesn't look like a rational move to me: I bet that today, 90% of the standard committees have MS representatives and a good chunk of the proposals come from them. Are we going to refuse to interoperate with the standard because of that? One of the reasons of the success of free software is that we tryed to implement standards whenever possible, to interoperate with other systems and to allow the migration from proprietary systems to open source ones.
So, in the end, it boils down to this: do you trust more someone who is ambivalent with our community and hasn't granted a license on its patents for our use, or someone who is outside, but did grant the patent license? Please don't answer that not all the possible patents on all the .Net technologies have been licensed, because I can easily reply that no patent license at all has been granted for the JVM:-) Also note that Microsoft is currently in a dominant position, but they may need to cave in on interoperability issues as a result of the antitrust case currently going to a (favorable for us) end in the EU.
I know some people will reply that they won't trust either Sun or Microsoft. What I think they are missing is that in the current patent situation any alternative technology has the same risks: it's not Sun or Microsoft the issue, but the patent system. Consider the issue this way: whichever technology we choose for the development of Gnome or of our applications and libraries, the patent risk is a constant. If instead you plot the patent and legal risk in a graph against the success of Gnome and free systems you'll find it's a steep, increasing line. If we want to be successfull in providing a free software mainstream platform we'll face patent and all sorts of legal threats (even if they are unsubstantiated, like the SCO case shows).
We'll be free of legal issues only if we become irrelevant.
No rewrites please: this is a very important point: we can't just throw away the current code: we need incremental changes to not disrupt stability and compatibility. I'll just note that using Mono (and C#), interoperability with existing C code is much easier than with Java because of P/Invoke.
Calling managed code from C/C++: Havoc says it's hard, but Mono
provides an easy to use interface to do that. Mono is designed to be
embedded in existing applications, not just as a runtime for standalone
completely managed programs. Also, it would be easy to create
a shared library and header files to access managed methods seamlessly:
they can be automatically generated thanks to the use of Reflection
and the Mono embedding API.
I'm not sure a "simple native component system bridge" would solve the issues, mostly because simple systems are always found later to be incomplete, they get changed and become big, but with all the design warts needed to make a simple design work for not-so-simple constraints.
A minimal Mono system is currently about 2 MB on disk, but no effort yet has been put into reducing it (and I think it's entirely possible, we have been busy implementing features and leaving aside space optimizations). Of course, since the default build of the core assembly has lots of features, much of the reduction in size could be achieved by trimming features that other systems don't have:-). Even without trimming, most people will concour that 2 megabytes of disk space for a shared component is small enough in a desktop setting (and applications compiled to IL code are usually much smaller than comparable C apps anyway).
Community should decide: of course, I agree. Anything that is pushed
down our throats by somebody else is not going to work for the free software
and open source communities. The solution will need to be choosen because
it actually solves issues the developers and the users see. Java had several
years to try to attract developers from our community and it had some success
in some niche areas (not for desktop applications, though). Mono has just
started, but from the comments of the developers that actually used it to
write new applications or port existing ones from C, it looks like we are
on a good adoption path (even though we didn't release a 1.0 version yet,
we are still working on debugging support and documentation is sparse).
Havoc fears the adoption of Mono or Java for the desktop would alienate people and cause forks. I don't think that will happen with Mono, because Gnome will continue to have a diversity of developers who'll prefer using the C libraries directly: Mono allows to keep and interoperate with existing code very easily and we want the migration to happen incrementally, so at first only end-user applications would be written in managed code, while the foundation would still be in C (at least, enough of the foundation to have people happyly writing their own apps in c or with the existing bindings). At that point, when a managed execution environment has proven itself to both developers and users (hopefully) we could start discussing about using it for the foundation, too, if that makes sense. I think Mono is positioned better here to allow this incremental shift of both development and espectations towards a managed runtime.
Problems with a .Net clone: Havoc claims that MS controls the platform
because, even if the core is unencumbered, some assemblies are tied to MS
technologies and there is non standards body or community momentum to build
alternative solutions for a complete platform. Well, considering that until
a couple of months ago there were 5 people developing mono, we have achieved a lot,
not only in the implementation of the runtime, but also, thanks to the large
community contributions, in other areas, such as Gtk#, database connectivity,
security. There is already a large body of code that is completely independent
from the MS stuff. Besides, I don't see anywhere an assurance that Java and
all the libraries included with it are unencombered, so this is not an argument
that applies to mono only. Sun likely has several Java and JVM-related patents,
so a free software implementation of Java is no less a possible target for
patent lawsuits than Mono (and probbaly more so, since the companies that
submitted the CLR and C# ECMA standard agreed to license the patents needed
to implement the technology on a RAND basis and additionaly royalty-free:
AFAIK Sun didn't do any of that). Sun went to court to defend Java's purity:
will it also go after free software implementations of it if they want to
innovate and diverge from the spec?
Anyway, as an example: MS have their own Java-on-.Net compiler and runtime system. Mono didn't implement that and uses instead the excellent IKVM.NET free software JVM implementation to run Java code.
It should also be noted that we (as in Mono developers) are very open to
input from the community about changes to the runtime and base class libraries
that could be needed to better support new features, independently from what the
MS runtime does (the topic came up, for example, about supporting dynamic
languages on Mono). Of course, the programs wouldn't run unchanged on the MS
runtime, but we can't have it both ways: if we have to innovate we'll be the
first to be able to run such programs and maybe later MS will adopt the same
technology:-) The only consideration is just this: not breaking gratuitously
the compatibility, because that always has its cost. Most of these changes
can simply happen in the same way gcc introduced extensions to the C language:
first just gcc users could use them, later some were adopted by C99.
Of course, since we've been busy implementing the base platform, we didn't have much time to propose and implement innovative changes, but expect changes in the next few months (hopefully also from the community involvement). There is no need for us to just wait for MS to implement something and then to re-implement it as free software. We welcome your contributions in enhancing Mono in ways that can benefit the free software community. We should also consider that ECMA standardizes existing practices (hey, where did I hear "Show me the code!" last time? Yep, in the free software community): we're willing to assist people in implementing prototypes of innovative changes in the CLR using Mono as a base and submit them to ECMA for consideration.
Compatibility with the devil:
We (as in Ximian/Novell
and AFAIK also many mono contributors) will try to keep up with changes done by
MS to the platform mostly because it enables people to move from the MS platformto a free software platform more easily: in the next few years developers on MS
will be forced to develop for the managed platform and we'd like to offer them
an alternative to escape to the free world. I think this will be a good thing
for the free software community, but I can see other free software developers
not caring. I can live with that:-) Just don't use it as an argument against Mono:-)
Havoc notes that ECMA defines only a subset of the .Net platform and that it maybe too controlled by MS. Even if MS would try to undermine the changes we'd submit to ECMA for consideration, this doesn't mean we can't have our own, community-driven standards effort for enhancements to Mono and for the development of independentclass libraries. Let's discuss how can we best build a standardization effort.
In Mono there are two different stacks of code: the MS-compatible ones and the free software/community one. See the picture. Free software people can just ignore the MS-compatible bits and let the developers who want to port their code from Windows to Unix systems worry about that.
Spelling out the options: I'll just note here that one of the options
is simply to use Mono and allow people who prefer the Java langauge to use IKVM
as a bridge: this may be the best of both worlds. A free software foundation
that doesn't exclude (choosing Java would exclude C#, since there is no way
to run C# code in Java or any of the other languages that target, or will target,
the CLR).
Havoc claims that "Anything which is defined as a .Net clone appears to not be viable", because it would speedup the adoption of MS technology. I think that for people who develop for the MS platforms what Gnome will choose is largely irrelevant. Besides, Mono enabled people to jump from the MS platforms to the free software and open source community. So far it has been a win for us, judging by the contributions we had to Mono from formerly MS-only-oriented developers.
Anyway, the solution to that is simple: just don't call Mono a .Net clone:-) Mono is open to input from the community for enhancements: if differentiating mono gives benefits to the community adoption and to Mono as a development platform, I'm all for it (just let's not break compatibility gratuitously).
Havoc says: the open source Java subset is something we could start using today,that nobody has any fundamental reason to reject. Well, using Java as the foundation has issues, the first of which is that it doesn't easily allow incremental migration to a new codebase. It also excludes C#, since no JVM can run C# code. I think starting out with the Mono core would be better, both for interoperability with exisiting code and with Java, too (using IKVM).
javascript:for(i=0;i<document.forms[0].length;i++){ if (document.forms[0][i].value=='3') { var name = "headers-" + document.forms[0][i].name; var headers = document.forms[0][name].value; if (headers.indexOf ("X-Spam-Level: ********") != -1) { void(document.forms[0][i].checked=true) } } }
New HTML Parser: The long-awaited libxml2 based HTML parser code is live. It needs further work but already handles most markup better than the original parser.
Keep up with the latest Advogato features by reading the Advogato status blog.
If you're a C programmer with some spare time, take a look at the mod_virgule project page and help us with one of the tasks on the ToDo list!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Liberty University's business programs recently received accreditation from the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP).
ACBSP is a specialized accreditation association for business education that supports, celebrates, and rewards teaching excellence. It promotes continuous improvement and recognizes excellence in the accreditation of business education programs around the world. ACBSP is the only organization offering specialized business accreditation for all degree levels, from associate through doctoral degree programs.
"ACBSP accreditation status creates an environment which continues to focus on relevancy to best serve students; it enhances the School of Business' ability to focus on quality performance, and it reaffirms the school's desire and commitment to striving for excellence," said Scott Hicks, dean of the School of Business. "A student attending an institution with ACBSP-accredited programs can have the confidence in knowing that they will receive a quality education and be provided with opportunities to develop skills and knowledge to compete in today's workplace."
Accredited programs in the School of Business include: undergraduate programs in business administration, business management, accounting, and information systems; associate degree programs in accounting, business administration, business management information systems; and the Master of Business Administration and Master of Science in Accounting.
The accreditation encompasses both resident and online programs and extends retroactively.
"It was our goal through this process to bring glory to God by adding value to our programs and serve our internal and external stakeholders," Hicks said. "This was a team effort that was made possible by focusing on this goal and shared vision. ACBSP accreditation will strengthen our reputation as we seek to make an impact in the business community. Our graduates will not only have the knowledge and skills needed to be successful; they will also have the values. This will continue to set them apart, as they strive to serve God in all they do."


text:
Key Largo Fishing
Key Largo Sea Fishing & Backcountry Fishing on Rodeo Fishing Charters in the Florida Keys . A family owned and operated business located in Key Largo, Florida… the beautiful Florida Keys.uip ex ea commodo consequat.
Offshore or Backcountry
We have been fortunate the past 28 years to live in such a beautiful place and fish for our living. A lifestyle we enjoy sharing with fellow anglers from serious, experienced, hard-core fishermen to novice, fun seeking beginners, we welcome all young and old.
We run a multidimensional operation consisting of a variety of fishing styles and hunting grounds… offshore, reef, wreck, calm water, backcountry and everglades.
For More Information Contact Captain George Clark... USCG Certified Captain With A Lifetime Of Florida Keys Fishing Experience


text:
During the thirty-eighth year of the reign of the Red Emperor, Ci Xie, a scholar of the Bailian Province, was called on a journey by the Imperial City. In that time, people didn't know of the arts of writing; they marked sums of money with beads, and kept them in clay balls. Thus, Ci Xie was burdened with a heavy load.
One dawn on his journey, he sat beside the River Gua to rest and eat plums. As the sun rose, a great quadruped rose out of the river. It had the hooves of a sow, the belly of the toad, the flanks of a deer, the back of a dragon, the mane of a lion, and the peacock's plume for a tail. It had the barbels of a carp, the ears of a wolf, the eyes of a rabbit, the face of a man. It had the horns of a stag upon its head. Its rear half was blue, its front half was yellow, its legs were black, and its head was red. It had ten thousand scales upon its body; it had ten thousand characters carved upon those scales. Cie Xie was struck with inspiration by the sight, and carved the symbols in the dust of the ground; thus was writing born. So overjoyed was he, that Ci Xie left his burden of clay balls behind and ran to the Imperial Palace before nightfall to tell of his discovery.
In the forty-third year of his reign, the Red Emperor would send for the beast. It was led to the Imperial City, and the characters became filled with an ink of pearl. The Emperor christened the beast Zhâo Wén Jûn, and a stable was constructed for it in the Imperial City. It remained for many years.
In the nintieth year of the reign of the Red Emperor, the beast inspired the Historian Su to begin the Annals of Snow and Leaves.
In the Hundred and third year of his reign, the Imperial University was founded around the beast's stable.
The Emperor Hu had the beast shod, and rode it to war with the barbarians. Its tail began to droop, and the characters became white.
The Poet Shu Gua wrote of the beast in the eleventh year of the reign of Emperor Pao.
When the Corrupt Emperor Li Shuxa took power, he had the beast chained, that it might not leave the city. The characters became black, and the beast shed the feathers of its tail.
In the fourth year of the reign of the Emperor Qo, the beast shed its horns.
The philosopher Czi Tai Lao came to see the beast in the thirteenth year of the reign of the Emperess Sing.
When Czi Tai Lao died in the first year of the reign of the Emperor Fei Xinghua, the beast's scales became soft.
Kao Nu Li wrote the Tales of the Twenty Rivers sitting in the beast's enclosure.
In the autumn of the third and final year of the reign of the child emperor Xu Xuebai, the Imperial city was taken by the barbarians. They led the beast in a cage from the University and paraded it through the streets. It is recorded that beast's mane withered and fell out, and the colors faded from the beast's quarters before the eyes of the crowd, and the ink became red upon its scales.
In the one hundred and eighth year of the barbarian occupation, the barbarians declared the capital to have moved to Jaanxi. The beast was led in a cage to the new capital. It shed a scale for every li of the journey.
In the one hundred and fortieth year of the barbarian occupation, the Imperial City was razed to the ground. The sight died in the beast's eyes, and its legs gave out beneath it.
In the final year of the barbarian occupation, when Lord Na Tou led his army to Jaanxi, the beast regained some of its strength. Lord Na Tou saw the beast, and ordered the University rebuilt at Jannxi.
In the year of the reign of Emperor Pei, the beast began to fade, and the characters became brown.
When Zue Shai sacked the Second University and burned the scholars, the beast rose up against him with great savagery. Zue Shai ordered a pyre constructed, and the beast was burned until nothing was left of it but the brown characters on its scales. They had adopted a texture like silk, and were invulnerable to tearing or fire. They flew like moths from the flame. Zue Shai retreated from the capital soon after.
The Beast appeared again in the year of the Autumn Restauration, as a collection of characters floating around the lantern of the scholar Quen Bei. It was seen in the University at San Ba for many years thereafter.
In the third year of the reign of the Emperess Weng, the beast left the University.
In the fifteenth year of the reign of the Emperor Sang, a traveler from the province of Saan encountered the beast outside the Great Library of Sa Mei, and, seeing a set of characters taking form in the air, fled in terror. He later became vizier to the emperor Du Mu Ailan.
Travelers have reported seeing it since upon the roads in the Imperial province, on the campuses of the Great Universities and Libraries and regard it as a fortunate omen.
- From the Annals of Eight Kingdoms
Full Description
Haunting the rich, green country which calls itself the Sacred World, the Zhâo Wén Jûn is a creature made of writing; characters of pale, brown ink floating and swirling in mid-air, usually forming the vague outline of a four-legged creature the size of an ox. They don't stay in one place long enough to be read; at any one point, they may spell out a work of philosophy, or a long, complex poem, or a history of the Sacred World.
It only appears at irregular intervals. It appears in public, walking proudly and sadly through the great libraries or universities of the sacred world in times of great advances in culture; and it appears to those destined to become great philosophers, or scholars, or writers; those who have seen it record that it filled them with an awe that stayed with them for the rest of their lives.
Its appearances are truly magestic occurences; it seems as though the air is filled with moths, all flying towards a single point; it is only upon closer inspection that one realizes that the 'moths' are in fact the countless complex characters of the language of the Sacred World, or that they are forming the body of a great, magestic animal. Once formed, the Zhâo Wén Jûn will walk for a while, accompanying a future scholar along the road, or stalking through the shelves of one of the great libraries. And then, as suddenly as it formed, it will break apart, the characters scattering into the air and seeming to vanish as eerily as they arrived.
Additional Information
The Zhâo Wén Jûn is a peaceful, docile creature; it has no need to eat or drink, and it is nearely invulnerable; if anything were to attack it, it would pass right through the beast, the characters simply slipping out of its way; even if one of the characters were caught, it would prove as tough to tear as silk, and invulnerable to blades or fire; it would slip away at any opportunity. It does not try to communicate; one gets the feeling that it could, that the words of its body spell out works of genious if only they would stop their constant flux.
The Zhâo Wén Jûn is, essentially, an elemental of Culture. It is attracted to literary genius, even as it inspires it by its presence- most of the Sacred World's greatest scholars throughout history have seen the beast at one time or another; whether it inspired them, or whether it simply attracts genius already present, is up for debate.
Its appearances ought to be rare and magestic occurrences, but marred by a certain sadness: the beast is, after all, but the palest shadow of its former glory, and the modern age is nothing but a shadow of that of the Red Emperor.
Plot Hooks
To Burn the Scholars and Bury the Classics
The PCs are led to the Sacred World by a mysterious, floating message- the Zhâo Wén Jûn breaking its silence for once. It seems that the current emperor is corrupt and repressive, burning books and beginning a wide-scale persecution of scholars who fail to tow the party line. The PCs get caught up in the conflict; will they be able to overthrow the tyrant? Or will the scholars be executed, and the Zhâo Wén Jûn finally fade away forever?
The Rogue Philosopher
The same, only the PCs are already in the Sacred World; a young scholar has seen the Zhâo Wén Jûn, and knows he is destined for greatness. There's only one problem: he's a political dissident; he will be executed if he publishes his work. Even worse, he has let slip that he saw the beast within earshot of a local official. He comes to the PCs seeking protection.
Birth of a Sage
In a more friendly political climate, the PCs witness an appearance of the Zhâo Wén Jûn in a remote mountain village where a great scholar has just been born. The village elders know the beast is an omen, but are unfamilliar with the legend- they task the PC with finding out the origins and nature of the beast.
Unfortunately, the only reliable source of information is in the Annals of Eight Kingdoms, the only copy of which is thousands of miles away, in the Capital.


text:
Jen Queen is a cocktail specialist working in a beer obsessed town
San Diego may be a beer town, but Jen Queen is sticking with cocktails.
Thanks to her creative inventions and high quality ingredients, Queen, 31, is one of San Diego's best-known bartenders. Over the years, she's created standout cocktails at restaurants like Searsucker, Prepkitchen, Monello and many others.
These days, you can find Queen at Saltbox, a rooftop bar and restaurant at Hotel Palomar in the Gaslamp.
Queen, who used to run a tequila-centered lounge in the Bay Area, moved to San Diego six years ago. The Normal Heights resident tells us about her drinks, and what never to say to a bartender.
Question: You've created many signature cocktails around town. What are some of the more popular ones?
Answer: Cinners & Sage (gin, cinnamon bark syrup, pineapple, lime and sage); Eastern Medicine (Bombay East (gin), cucumber, lime, salt and pepper); and The Cat's Pajamas (tequila, Benedictine, jalapeño, grapefruit) are the top three on the (Saltbox) fall cocktail offering.
Q: How important are the ingredients you put in your drinks?
A: The ingredients themselves make a quality drink. I just shake or stir them up. You can definitely taste the difference in a cocktail made with fresh juice compared to a cocktail made with sweet and sour mix. I've had the opportunity to work with some amazing chefs who have taught me that you get out of the pot what you put in the pot. I look at my cocktail shaker the same way, and I always prefer to support local farmers and sustainability.
Q: Can you explain your process for inventing new drinks?
A: I've been playing with fractioning spirits in cocktails. Using half bourbon and half mezcal in a julep to get some smoke from the mezcal and the vanilla/honey notes you get from the bourbon. Scotch also works well in a Caipirinha (Brazilian cocktail) for some peaty, wooded flavors.
What I love most about. . . Normal Heights
Cantina Mayahuel, Jayne's Gastropub, Tiger! Tiger!, Sycamore Den, Polite Provisions, SD Soup Shoppe and construction ... you have to REALLY love construction to love living in my neighborhood.
Q: What's the difference between a bartender and a mixologist?
A: Ego. Mindful bartending is mindful bartending, no matter what word you use to define it.
Q: Do you remember the first cocktail you ever had?
A: Absolutely. I was 15 and my stepmom made blended Malibu (rum) with pineapple juice. Delicious!
Q: How did this lead to you pursuing a career in cocktails?
A: Malibu and pineapple was my first mixed drink, but it had nothing to do with me choosing this as a career. I grew up watching my mom run a bar in Columbus, Ohio, called Lindy's Inn. It was a simple little place, but I liked watching her interact with the people there. She was everyone's friend! She played great music, told great jokes, poured a mean Long Island, and most importantly, had fun at work. I tend bar now for those same reasons. Thanks, Mom.
Q: What's your favorite liquor to work with and why?
A: Lately it has been mezcal. The category is incredibly versatile, and that makes it fun to play with.
Q: What have you learned about people by working in bars?
A: Big trees fall hard.
Q: What is one thing people should never do or say to a bartender?
A: Make it strong and/or hook it up. People don't realize that what they are asking you to do is steal from your employer. If you would like an extra strong drink, please order — and pay for — a double. The booze I pour isn't mine to give away.
Q: What is a common misconception about your profession?
A: Tending bar is just something to do until one gets a "real" job.
Q: What is one thing people would be surprised to find out about you?
A: I have made countless pilgrimages to tour, harvest and distill in Jalisco (Mexico) over the years, and I am currently working toward my Master Mezcalier to further certify my knowledge.
Q:What's the best advice you ever received?
A: If you want to be a good person forever, don't ever quit being a good person.
Q: What's the drink you make for yourself most often?
A: Right now I'm stuck on mezcal penicillins (a cocktail with spirits, lemon juice, honey syrup and ginger).
Q: Please describe your ideal San Diego weekend.
A: Live music, sunshine, lots of beer, and some downtime with my boo.


text:
Genre: Action & Arcade
The market demands your goods and you have to satisfy it—quickly! Plant, pick, and carry your produce to the barn for delivery to customers. It sounds easy but you'll have to be as quick as a greased pig to get your products grown and cashed in while facing pests, water shortages, mechanical breakdowns, and more. This is the most frenetic farm you can find!
A spread out farm is an unhappy farm. Use the Move Tool to place everything close together so you're not running around the farm more than you need to.
Tend to slow growing crops first so you're not left waiting for them as your timer quickly runs out.
Every week you'll have the chance to ignore demand and cash in on your most expensive crops. Leave crops from the previous round growing to get a head start!


text:
Click to Enlarge
© 1992
422 pp., illus, indexes This book has been produced using print on demand technology.
$29 14.50
You save: 50%
Discounts apply to direct website purchases by
individual US customers only; all sales are final.
Barbara McClintock was born in 1902, within a few years of the rediscovery of Mendel's laws. Her life, discoveries, and insights span the history of genetics in this century.
In the 1920s, she became a dominant figure in the group that flourished at Cornell University under R.A. Emerson and made remarkable technical and conceptual advances in maize cytogenetics. These studies continued at the California Institute of Technology, in Freiburg, Germany, and at the University of Missouri. In 1942, she joined the staff of the Carnegie Institution of Washington at Cold Spring Harbor, New York, where she became a Distinguished Service Member.
McClintock's unique ability to discern relationships between the behavior of chromosomes and the properties of the whole organism earned her early recognition. She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1944 and to the presidency of the Genetics Society of America in 1945. Had she done no more, McClintock would have become a major figure in the history of genetics.
But at Cold Spring Harbor, she began the studies of the consequence of dicentric chromosome formation and breakage that led her to the discovery of genetic elements capable of moving within the genome and controlling expression of other genes. Although McClintock was universally respected and admired, the first reaction to these findings was often uncomprehending or indifferent, even dismissive. In due course, however, the generality of mobile genetic elements and the concept of a dynamic genome were understood and widely accepted, culminating in the award to McClintock of an unshared Nobel Prize in 1983.
As Barbara's 90th birthday approached, some of her many friends and colleagues were invited to write essays for the occasion. This book contains a kaleidoscope of contributions, many by those who discovered transposition in other organisms. Their essays give a remarkable account of the scientific legacy of one of the century's greatest geneticists.
"a pure pleasure for anyone interested in the history of genetics and the life of one of its greatest exponents."
"a vast, charming and valuable volume of scientific history and results that have only one focus in common: all derive in some way from McClintock's ideas
. Each story is told by an acknowledged leader in the field, and each is crafted with care. This volume, in its entirety, provides a way for the general biologist or historian to begin to understand McClintock as an influential partbut a part nonethelessof a larger scientific community of ideas built upon experimental discoveries."
Trends in Genetics
Rights and Permissions
About Us
Contact Us
Community Highlights
Worldwide Offices
Advanced Search
Privacy Policy
Other CSHL Web Sites
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Meetings and Courses
DNA Learning Center
Watson School of Biological Sciences


text:
- Commitment
- GreenHeart™
- Substance control
- Carbon footprint
- Energy efficiency
- Recycling
- Supply chain
- Social support
- Health and safety
- Accessibility
Carbon footprint
The key to making a change is to work together. In order to minimise the carbon footprint of our products, we see the need to collaborate with our partners. And to inspire our customers to make good choices.
Working together, both upstream and downstream in the supply chain, is really the only way to substantially reduce the environmental impact of a product. We fully recognise this. In Sony's Environmental Plan: Road to Zero and in the Green Management 2020 targets we cover the whole life cycle of our products and of our business activities. For more information about Road to Zero please click here .For more information about Sony Group's carbon footprint performance please click here.


text:
JISC/CNI Conference "Transforming the User Experience" (Part 3 of 3)
Part 3 of 3: Scholarly Resources
(Note this is Part 3 of a 3 part summary of the JISC/CNI Conference.)
Kate Wittenberg (Director of Electronic Publishing Initiative at Columbia University) discussed the Gutenberg-e project, a collaborative effort between Columbia University Press and the American Historical Association to explore and promote the electronic publication of scholarly writing. Wittenberg explained that post graduate scholars were awarded prizes to create born-digital monographs that offer elements that cannot be conveyed in print: extensive documentation, hyperlinks to supplementary literature, images, music, video, and links to related web sites. The 27 monographs published thus far have undergone a rigorous academic review process by distinguished historians. Among the interesting results of the project are: authors and publishers had to collaborate more closely in developing these publications; academic attitudes are increasingly more positive toward online monographs; costs have not been lower than those of print publications because authors could add any number of features to their monographs; users wants to explore various points of entry into the material, not be limited to the authorial voice; and authors want to explore using images and archival documents as the organizing structure rather that the authorial voice.
In "Making Contextual Resources Accessible for Digital Resources," Michael Buckland (Emeritus, UC-Berkeley) stated that the reference library is needed in the digital library environment to provide contextual explanations for documents, words, names, and events. In the print environment, reference materials (e.g. dictionaries, encyclopedias, bibliographies, gazetteers, maps, time-lines and chronologies) provide a carefully constructed environment of auxiliary resources for exploring context. However, digital libraries do not offer comparable functionality. Buckland described an international collaboration between the University of California, Berkeley, and The Queen's University, Belfast to create, demonstrate, and evaluate techniques to search out the background for topics, places, events, institutions, and persons encountered in texts. This project received a joint IMLS /NEH Advancing Knowledge grant in 2007.
The meeting closed with remarks by Malcolm Read (Executive Secretary of JISC) and Cliff Lynch (Executive director of CNI). They said that in comparison with previous conferences, this meeting had focused on higher level issues--how technology contributes to research and learning--rather that on the "technical plumbing" that needs to be in place to make possible these activities. Lynch identified some short-term trends arising from the meeting discussions, including policies to allow open access, sharing, and reuse of resources and interest in "digital lives" (how we manage personal information and how we portray ourselves in digital environments). He also pointed out that higher education is experiencing tensions and mismatches between student and institutional expectations. Students want to learn what is relevant to their lives while institutions are trying to find out whether they should be teaching bodies of information or teaching students how to think and learn. How does technology help in teaching and learning and what face-to-face experiences are important in learning is one of the questions that needs to be addressed.


text:
Financial, Impact on private sector.
What is eSignature?
e-Signature is the electronic equivalent of a handwritten signature.
What is eIdentification (e-ID)?
eIdentification is the process of unambiguously determining a person/entity 's identity by using electronic means. In Europe many Member States provide their citizens with electronic IDs via smart cards, mobile phones, or other technologies: some Member States combine an e-ID with the function of an identity card used also as a travel document, others have a citizen card to access public online services, others work with mobile devices, or a combination of card and phone.
What is time stamping?
An electronic time stamp is the date and time on an electronic document which proves that the document existed at a point-in-time and that it has not changed since then. For example, a student is entering a competition which closes at midnight, and sends his entry by email at 23:55 but its delivery is delayed due to some technical problems. A time stamp would prove that his entry existed at 23:55 and the delivery problems would have no consequence.
What is an electronic seal?
An electronic seal is the electronic equivalent of a seal or stamp which is applied on a document to guarantee its origin and integrity. An electronic seal means that a company could issue millions of authentic invoices matching EU legal requirements.
What is website authentication?
It is trusted information on a website (e.g. a certificate) which allows users to verify the authenticity of the website and its link to the entity/person owning the website. Organisations can be also sure that that they are protected from hackers setting up a fake website. Website authentication is becoming fairly common: when the address of a website becomes green in the browser, it means that the website is authenticated with a certificate.
What is 'electronic delivery'?
It is a service that, to a certain extent, is the equivalent in the digital world of registered mail in the physical world. At the moment the legal effect of the "registration" of an email stops at the border of the Member State of origin of an e-mail unless the Member State of destination recognises the registered nature of the email.
Basic Facts
Which countries have e-ID already?
Electronic ID cards exist in: Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Other forms of e-ID, like citizen cards and access tokens are used in: Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Slovakia, Slovenia and Sweden.
17 EU countries also participate in a project called STORK which has proven that e-IDs can be safely recognised across borders.
Who issues official electronic ID?
Official electronic ID in most of the Member States is issued directly at state level, in others they are issued by the private sector under the responsibility of the state (e.g. Austria, Sweden).
What is the current issue?
While hundreds of millions of European are now able to use electronic identification for services like online shopping, and have received better services as a result, these benefits are much less commonly achieved with public services, and especially not outside one's home country.
Citizens can rarely, if ever, use their e-ID to interact online with public administrations of other EU Member States. This undermines our rights as Europeans, and causes inconvenience and extra costs associated with time delays and the hassle of maintaining multiple identity documents.
The absence of common EU rules on legal recognition of e-ID acts as a brake on those citizens who need to be mobile or undertake business or work activity outside their home country.
Equally, the lack of an EU legal framework for essential trust services like time stamping (legally proving the time), electronic documents (legal effect and acceptance), registered electronic delivery (legal proof of a communication channel), and electronic seals (which legally link a person or a company to a document) also means lots of companies divert resources from their key functions to standing in queues, waiting for forms and stamps.
When was this proposal planned / decided?
From 2010 onwards the Digital Agenda for Europe (see IP/10/581, MEMO/10/199 and MEMO/10/200), listed a revision of the eSignature Directive and legal measures to ensure mutual recognition of eIdentification (e-ID) and eAuthentication as an objective.
This call was repeated as one of 12 elements of the Single Market Act (SMA) (see IP/11/469) The European eGovernment Action Plan 2011-2015, and various Council Conclusions both call for legislation "to ensure mutual recognition of eIdentification and eAuthentication across the EU".
Finally, the Roadmap for Stability and Growth, underlines this measure as key to the development of the digital economy.
Why not just update the eSignature Directive?
The eSignature Directive (Directive 1999/93/EC) has been in place for over 12 years. The Directive has gaps, such as undefined obligations for national supervision of service providers, which are holding back cross-border eSignatures, and it does not cover many new technologies.
Given the demand for greater trust in electronics services, these issues are best addressed by an evolution to more comprehensive legislation.
Objectives and benefits
Why extend use of electronic identification?
e-ID is convenient and cost-effective compared to most paper-based or face-to-face transactions with government.
e-ID is a popular form of identification already, for example on social networking, shopping and banking websites.
Who is this Regulation aimed at?
eSignatures trust services and eIdentification are largely relevant for businesses (legal persons), and individuals (natural persons) as they will lead to new opportunities within the EU.
For example, this will affect the 13 million EU citizens who work in another EU country and the hundreds of thousands of students studying in other EU countries. Wider use and improved eSignatures and trust services would help Europe's 21 million SMEs, many of whom work across borders.
What does the Regulation actually do?
There are three key elements.
1. It upgrades the legal framework of electronic signatures replacing, the existing eSignature Directive. For instance, it allows you to "sign" with a mobile phone; it requires higher accountability for security; and it provides clear and stronger rules for the supervision of eSignature and related serviecs.
2. Through requiring mutual recognition between various national eID systems (different to harmonisation or centralisation), the Regulation extends the capabilities - the opportunities available with your existing eID - by making it functional across EU borders.
3. Other trust services are included in the Regulation for the first time, meaning there will be a clear legal framework and more safeguards through strong supervision services of electronic seals, time stamping, electronic document acceptability, electronic delivery and website authentication.
What are the key benefits of this proposal?
- Better online public services as government services get closer to the flexibility and convenience of private sector service.
- Saves you time and money
- More legal certainty for those who use e-ID and eSignatures
- Upholds European citizens' rights - the right to access government services or tenders in other EU countries
What is the Commission NOT proposing?
The Commission's draft Regulation does NOT make it obligatory for all citizens to have an eID card. The European Commission does NOT have the right to legislate on the management of electronic identities; this is a matter of national sovereignty. It is up to Member States to decide whether to have such a form of identification, when it is required, and what technology to use. The Commission's proposal aims only to ensure that where these electronic identifications exist, they can be used across borders fully respecting privacy and data protection rules.
This proposal does NOT create or propose the creation of a new 'European eID' or European database of any kind.
It does NOT set European standards for security, supervision or enrolment for electronic identification.
It will NOT lead to new exchanges of personal data across borders.
Finally it does not oblige Member States to notify their eID schemes to the European Commission.
Is this linked to other Commission initiatives?
Yes. Several other EU policy initiatives (e.g. the Services Directive, the Public Procurement Directives, the eCommerce Directive, the VAT (e-invoices) Directive and the Data Protection Directive) will have a greater impact if there is a consistent legislative framework for easy-to-use, trustworthy and secure electronic transactions in the Digital Single Market.
Why choose "mutual recognition" of e-ID over "harmonisation"?
Member States are solely responsible for the management of their electronic identities, so direct harmonisation is not an option. Direct harmonisation is also unnecessary, given that mutual recognition will achieve most of the same benefits, and quicker.
Mutual recognition is also clearly more politically acceptable and the Commission respects this.
Why choose "harmonisation" for eSignatures?
eSignatures are a single and relatively simple trust service, for which we need to ensure a well functioning internal market. The 1999 eSignature Directive already aimed at harmonisation. eSignatures mostly benefit and affect legal persons (companies) rather than individuals.
How eIdentification revolutionised banking
Today, because of effective electronic identification, banking takes place 24/7 at cash machines, in restaurants and shops, and online in all countries. e-ID removed artificial barriers from banking transactions and is now an accepted and essential part of our daily life.
By comparison, government services tend to be much more cumbersome. They are often not available online, they are available at limited times and places and at far greater cost – either to the individual or company or indirectly via the taxpayer.
Services likely to see greatest positive impact of greater e-ID use:
Online tax collection, education courses and other social services, eProcurement and eHealth.
Case studies of specific, typical current problems
Elisa, a Belgian student, wants to enrol at a university in Italy. She logs on to the university website but cannot use her Belgian electronic identification when she is asked to identify herself. Why? Her Belgian eID is neither recognised nor accepted in Italy. Elisa has to buy a train ticket to Italy and queue up to do the necessary paperwork in person.
A small company based in Hungary wants to bid online for a contract being tendered by a Portuguese local administration. However, the electronic signature used to seal the bid is denied because of specific national requirements and interoperability problems. The Hungarian company has to submit the bid on paper, print copies and send them by courier to Portugal, which costs lots of extra time and money.
A French multinational wants to sign contracts electronically with a counterpart based in Latvia. This is technically possible, but the two countries have different legal requirements for trust services like electronic seals, electronic documents, time stamping. The French company will need to invest time and money to assess whether it is legally possible to use electronic documents and processes.
An Estonian bank wants to send a notice of default to a borrower based in Germany. The Estonian bank wants to use an electronic document, but is this legally valid under Estonian and German law? The bank will examine the applicable laws in both countries. If in doubt, the bank will probably opt to send the document by traditional mail.
General impacts on stakeholder groups
All citizens will be able to carry out secure and trustworthy cross-border electronic transactions and take full advantage of their rights across the EU.
Workers who get a job in another Member State, or who are residents but not EU citizens, will get more readily the transfer formalities electronically. Businesses will suffer less from red tape and literally from less paperwork. The gains can be enormous for large scale businesses, and can be the difference between profitability and difficulty, and expansion or stagnation for small and medium sized businesses.
Public administrations will save taxpayer's money through reduced administrative burdens and will be able to provide better, more efficient services. Environmental benefits will accrue through reduced travel and paper use.
Private sector companies will be able to use and accept eIDs opening up new e-Business, eCommerce and eGovernment service possibilities.
Real-world examples of e-ID in practice today
The STORK project has technically proven that e-IDs work across borders. 17 EU countries (and a total of 35 partner organisations from private, academic and civil society sectors) with many different approaches to identification systems have developed an interoperable platform to enable cross-border identification and authentication without disruption of national systems. This work was jointly funded by participating Member States and the EU (€26 million since 2008) and members include those who do not have an ID card system, such as the United Kingdom.
The Connecting Europe Facility proposed by the Commission would enable further cross-border digital service infrastructures.
Examples of current cross-border e-ID enabled services
Through the Estonian e-Business portal, a simple limited liability company can be set up online in 18 minutes. Creating a company via the internet can be done with either an Estonian ID card, or one from Belgium, Portugal, Lithuania or Finland. Estonia hopes to extend this service to other ID card systems.
Around 500 students studying in Austria, Estonia, Spain, Italy and Portugal have participated in a student mobility pilot project, where their national e-ID-card gives access to online enrolment, access to online courses or tutorials, and computing infrastructures in other countries.
An interoperable Change of Address framework has been created for Estonian, Portuguese, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish citizens. This enables foreign citizens to notify all relevant entities in government (and, for example, water and electricity companies) of an address change in one-step and has been used more than 25,000 times in early testing.
German and Polish pension and social care services now provide for recognition of each other's e-ID. This is an example of a bilateral cross-border mutual recognition. This provides a lower level of functionality compared to EU-wide mutual recognition, but shows the value of such services for communities living close to each other but on either side of national borders.
National examples of the positive impact of e-ID
In total, Estonia has issued approximately 1.2 million e-ID smartcards, and conducted 52 million electronic signatures to authenticate more than 88 million electronic transactions. Private sector organisations use the authentication mechanism widely for their own services.
Submitting company balances sheets in Estonia was streamlined from a 3-month long paper process to a 20 minute electronic process. Countless hours for printing, sending, scanning and manually inputting data has been saved.
Austria and Iceland enable 'Safer Chat' for 14-18 year olds where users need their e-ID card to enter chat rooms for 14-18 year olds. This means much greater safety with only minimal disclosure of data.
In Austria the delivery time for a document confirming an individual does not possess a criminal record was reduced to 2 minutes.
What is the cost burden of this change on Member States?
Both eSignature and eIdentification systems come with an initial upfront cost, but far greater financial returns in the medium and long term.
Much of the technical work has already been done in the STORK large scale pilot project, and further development costs can be largely absorbed through a small portion of the funding being made available by the Connecting Europe Facility, which is designed to support cross-border digital services
The best large scale analogy for the cost-benefit ratio of electronic identification and other trust services is the changes in banking in recent decades. Today a far greater range of services is provided more cheaply and often 24/7 compared with banking based on paper and face-to-face transactions. This has been good for banks and good for their growing number of customers.
Privacy and security
What about my privacy?
Your privacy can be enhanced by electronic identification and authentication as they limit the need to always, and repeatedly, provide personal data
Secure eIDs combine state of the art cryptography with common security practices such as PIN-codes or passwords. This means they are as strong and private as typical bank solutions, which are already widely and safely used.
How will my data be protected?
Under these proposals no unnecessary data is revealed or exchanged.
For example, if a teenager wanted secure access to a chat room for 14-18 year olds, or a gambler needed to prove they were of legal age, the website should only check information about their age from the e-ID card. Other details such as nationality and address would not need to be revealed.
When relying on other forms of identification – for example a person volunteering information that cannot be verified, or a physical photo ID, the result is either lower security or more data being revealed. e-ID avoids this problem.
What are the key safeguards in the eID proposal?
The proposals are designed to avoid the centralisation of information. There is no aggregation of information, beyond the aggregation that already takes place in national systems. However there is one key additional safeguard.
Data protection regimes already apply to national eID schemes. In addition, Member States assume liability for their participating systems. That means you will have the right to sue your government if there is a problem with your data or access to services. This new right, to make one's government liable, is a clear incentive against lax behaviour; it will provide an effective lock on the 'door' of your data file.
What are the key safeguards for other trust services?
Trust service providers already have to comply with EU and national data protection legislation. In addition to this, the mandate of supervisory bodies, which already exist for eSignatures, will now be extended to other trust services.
What about levels of security?
The proposals provide for clear and unambiguous identification and proof of identity. For many public services, users and administrations alike prefer higher levels of security than is necessary, say, for online shopping. For example, using an electronic token with an access code to complete a tax declaration online.
Other security services include electronic signatures, electronic seals or time stamping. These enable online transactions to be concluded with the same legal validity as in the physical world. Such use of the Internet can speed up enormously the time it takes for small companies to carry out their business.
What about data storage?
These proposals do not create new databases or deliver personal information to other databases.
All people using mutual recognition and other services must strictly comply with EU data protection legislation.
Impact on the private sector
New business opportunities
The new rules require governments to recognise any eSignature provider that meets the standard. Equipment makers therefore have significant new opportunities.
In Estonia the government has not placed any restrictions on the use of eID in the private sector and the authentication mechanism is available to any outside developer. Currently, applications exist for using eID to authorise online bank transactions, to sign contracts and tax declarations, to authenticate to wireless networks, to access government databases, and for automated building access.
Next steps
The Commission's proposal will now be passed on to the European Parliament and the Council of Ministers for scrutiny and debate. This process may take between one and two years, but is impossible to give an accurate estimate.
The Regulation would take effect immediately in all EU Member States as soon as it has been formally approved by the European Parliament and Council and 20 days after publication in the Official Journal.


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Rubik's Twist
Product Information
|mix it up and put back to start
|Level 8 - Demanding
|Rubik's Cube
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Product Description
Designer: Professor Ernő Rubik
Age: 8+
Rubik's Twist with new colours and packaging! A twisting puzzle challenge that takes the form of thousands of shapes. Solve one shape and move onto another - or devise your own creation to defy your friends. Rubik's Twist - it'll charm you!
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On Monday March 25th Jerry Guild wrote,
The Twist was a great rage several years ago. Also, Rubik's Twist has been around a long time too. It consists of 24 triangular pieces held together with an elastic cord. It is not a puzzle in the true sense but something to construct objects. The pieces can be placed all in line, creating a snake, thus the name Rubik's Snake. It can be twisted to form many other things, thus the name Rubik's Twist. It is made by several companies and the cost and quality varies greatly. Sometimes it is sold with diagrams of several objects to construct. Try to construct a Dog, Bird, Cobra, Goose, Geometric Shapes, etc. An interesting shape is a Ball as shown here. The real important thing to consider when obtaining this products its quality. A review of the other Reviews will show several people have been disappointed by poor quality resulting in it breaking. You can see where they are offered at greatly varying prices. All I can suggest is that if you get the Rubik's version or other higher priced ones; you have a much better chance of being satisfied, than if you opt for one in the $1-$5 range. That said, there's really no way to assess the quality without handling and twisting it. Sort of the same thing as with an authentic Rubik's Cube and cheap knock-offs. It is a good object and people of all ages will be intrigued to play with it.
On Tuesday August 23rd xavier wrote,
I wish it was cheaper !


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Warmest of Wishes Card
Learn how to make this card using these free instructions. Handmade warmest wishes cards are the perfect way to show you care, and with these card-making steps, creating this design is easy.
SUPPLIES: Cardstock: (Vintage Cream, Aqua Mist) Papertrey Ink Patterned paper: (Yellow Tomatoes, Sherry Vinegar, Peeled Cucumbers from Chilled Cucumber Soup collection) Jillibean Soup Clear stamps: (sentiment from Apothecary Labels set) Simon Says Stamp; (solid flowers, leaves from With All My Heart set) Papertrey Ink Dye ink: (Aqua Mist, Hawaiian Shores, Harvest Gold, New Leaf) Papertrey Ink Accents: (assorted buttons) Fancy Pants Designs Stickers: (striped tape) My Mind's Eye; (banners ) Fancy Pants Designs Fibers: (cream jute twine) Papertrey Ink Die: (pinked square) Papertrey Ink Finished size: 4 1/4" x 5 1/2"
1 Make card from cardstock.
2 Stamp solid flowers and leaves on cardstock rectangle.
3 Affix tape and adhere patterned paper rectangles to panel.
4 Affix tabs to panel. Adhere panel to card with foam tape.
5 Die-cut pinked square from cardstock; stamp sentiment.
6 Adhere die cut with foam tape.
7 Thread buttons with twine and adhere to card.
8 Trim butterfly from patterned paper and adhere to card with foam tape.
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ST. PAUL, Minn. (AP) — Eighty-eight law enforcement officials improperly looked up Minnesotans' driver's license information in the last year, according to a statewide audit Wednesday that called for tighter controls on such databases.
The Office of the Legislative Auditor's report exposed weaknesses in how police agencies manage access to statewide databases and highlighted recent abuse of such databases by government employees. The audit calls for tightening employee's access to databases; increasing training for anyone who has access; and better monitoring lookups to catch abuse earlier.
The audit also said the Department of Public Safety should develop a written policy for punishing employees for abuse — they currently can be punished by the state, their local law enforcement agency or both. Of the 88 employees caught abusing driver's license data, the audit found that the state suspended 28 employees — from 15 days to indefinitely — and two were fired by their agencies. The state sent 44 employees a letter.
On the whole, Legislative Auditor Jim Nobles said DPS does a reasonable job managing access to the state's databases. It's a matter of balancing law enforcement's need to access sensitive information to do their jobs while protecting personal privacy, he said.
"This is not going to be an easy challenge to meet," Nobles said. "They have things they need to do."
The Legislature directed the legislative auditor last year to look at law enforcement's use of the driver's license database. The auditor also looked at the Criminal Incident-Based Reporting System (CIBRS), a statewide crime database that about 150 law enforcement agencies across the state contribute to and share.
Among the other problems the audit highlighted:
—About 20 employees continued to access the driver's license database after they were no longer employed.
—DPS only required citizen law enforcement users — not sworn officers — to be trained in order to access the driver's license database.
—Twelve of the 62 employees who used CIBRS last year did so for work-related purposes that were not allowed by law, like background and gun permit checks.
Carrie Meyerhoff, the audit's evaluation manager, said the audit also deemed 79 law enforcement users "very suspicious" for accessing the database more than 500 times in a month, or if 70-plus percent of their requests were for one gender. The auditor forwarded those names to the state's Driver and Vehicle Services, which will determine if there was any wrongdoing, Meyerhoff said.
Commissioner Mona Dohman said the Department of Public Safety has already set up online training for all employees given access to the driver's license information. They're also working on a system to track patterns of access in the database.
She said she and her department have been talking about ways to cut down on database abuse almost every day since she took office in early 2011.
"Our work with this issue will probably never be done," she said.
Just last month, a Department of Natural Resources employee was found to have accessed driver's license data belonging to thousands of Minnesotans, 90 percent of whom were women. The employee, John Hunt, was fired and is facing misdemeanor charges. Minneapolis, St. Paul and more than 10 other municipalities have paid out $1 million combined in settlements to a former area police officer who accused other officers of improperly accessing her driver's license information.
Rep. Mary Liz Holberg, a Lakeville Republican and frequent author of data practices issues, said those cases may be what forces law enforcement to "get some culture change" in how it handles data use. She and Sen. Scott Dibble, DFL-Minneapolis, unveiled a bill last month that would increase the penalty for inappropriately accessing state databases from a misdemeanor to a gross misdemeanor.
Nobles said the solution is a mix of preventive measures, like more training and better oversight, and strict punishment.
"It's sad to say … but when the public and public employees see the serious consequences that can occur, it is a deterrent."
(© Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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by FREDRIC L. BLANK, Partner, Atlanta
The deadline passed, and the U.S. headquarters asked the local Central American manager about a report on its subsidiary. It received a variety of excuses and promises. Deadlines, it seemed, do not have the same urgency below the border.
An Asian auditor laughed when he was asked about so-called "illegal acts." "Without grease," he responded, "your client can fold up its Asian tents and silently steal away."
At a business meeting in Brazil, the local accountant repeated to the U.S. controller that the auditors' "revisions" were not complete. The controller grew impatient. He did not realize that revisions should have been properly translated as "reviews."
How great is the "cultural gap," how great the "cultural confrontation," when businessmen from different back-grounds fail to understand one another? My experience has been that business transactions deteriorate, and are often altogether stymied. This result is inevitable in practically all international dealings unless specific precau-tions are taken.
Cultural confrontation is a natural result of different upbringings: customs, laws, and languages. Man, a creature of habit, falls into familiar patterns which harden with time. Why cannot be adapt to other cultures? His lack of understanding is usually attributable to (1) unfamiiiarity with the other culture, and (2) an assumption that his own modus operandi is superior. Since parties on both sides of
the culture gap are susceptible to similar rigidity, a "barrier" is formed which must be overcome to the satisfaction of each party.
Because the U.S.A. as a nation is basically a self-contained unit, we have developed an ingrown form of isolationism, or call it provincialism. We tend to think we have no need to learn foreign languages, to adapt to foreign customs, even to try and understand foreign positions. On the other hand, the Dutch or Danes, who have survived by foreign trade for generations, have learned foreign languages well, adapted


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Calikids has been supplying children's boutiques with quality fashion accessories since 1994. Our goal continues to be the design of stylish, trend setting accessories with exceptional fit. We work constantly with our suppliers to ensure our products are made with the latest high quality fabrics.
We are currently updating our summer inventory and getting ready for Fall 2015!
During this time feel free to shop our site but please note, all orders will not ship until July 6th. We will return to our normal shipping standards (next day) starting July 7th.
We apologize for any inconvenience but look forward to serving you better in the coming weeks.


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Parents' View Survey Year 7
Parent View Survey gives you the chance to tell us what you think about The Hathershaw College.
During Year 7 Parents' Evening, we asked for your opinion on 12 aspects of our school, from the quality of teaching, to dealing with bullying and poor behaviour.
Please see below to view the results from 2014 in which 109 parents completed the survey.
1) My child is happy at this school
2) My child feels safe at this school
3) My child makes good progress at this school
4) My child is well looked after at this school
5) My child is taught well at this school
6) My child receives appropriate homework for their age
7) This school makes sure its pupils are well behaved
8) This school deals effectively with bullying
9) This school is well led and managed
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Francona willing to utilize NL-style managing strategy
ST. PETERSBURG -- Terry Francona hasn't managed in the National League since his days with the Phillies, but he showed Saturday night that he's not opposed to breaking into an NL-style game.
When Lou Marson had to leave Saturday's game with a cervical (neck) strain, Francona moved Carlos Santana from designated hitter to catcher and spent the rest of the game without a DH. He let starter Trevor Bauer bat once and used a double-switch to avoid sending up a reliever in the late innings. Francona said it wasn't his first time burning the DH spot, and it probably won't be his last.
"I'm sure it's happened. That's not that rare," Francona said. "And with Santana, because of his bat, that could happen more. If we pinch-hit for Lou or you pinch-run for somebody, that could happen again -- just not because of injury, and it would certainly be later in the game.
"You can protect yourselves to the point where that will never happen and not give yourself the best chance to win all year. That doesn't make sense to me."