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An article from BBC Media Action in Myanmar Making a World Debate Local which explores the view of ordinary people in Myanmar about the current changes in the country.
The changes over the past eight months in Myanmar seem to mostly manifest themselves in the form of new apartment blocks, shopping malls, extra cars of the roads and meetings about the change.
"What is really changing for ordinary people?"
This article discusses an event in the World Economic Forum where recordings by BBC Media Action researchers were put to members of the government, NLD and Mizzima.
Here is an extract from the article with some of those voices and those questions:
"If we work, then we eat"
….A motor-cycle taxi driver in Rangoon … said that Burma's much celebrated economic transformation has had no positive effect yet on his own daily life.
"For people like us, there is no change," he said. "No change because if we work today, then we eat today."
The government representative on the panel was challenged by questions on issues of corruption, lack of investment in rural communities and energy supply. A day labourer, for example, asked,"Myanmar doesn't get enough electricity so why do you sell [energy] to our neighbours? When will Myanmar get electricity?"
A woman who runs a flower stall in Htauk Kyat Market on the outskirts of Rangoon also took the chance to urge government ministers to find out what was really going on in the country.
"In order to help people who really suffer," she said. "The country minister should come down, check and analyse every quarter (of the township). They should share the feeling of what is happening in the quarter."


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February 2009 TSM: Chicanerous
Discussion in 'Transformation Spotlights' started by John Stone, Jan 31, 2009.
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Sodium oxybate (GHB, Xyrem, Jazz Pharmaceuticals) is used to treat cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy. We report the case of a middle aged, normo-ponderal narcoleptic woman without risk factors who developed reversible sleep apnea and objective sleepiness when treated by sodium oxybate, with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 19.7 on sodium oxybate and AHI 4.8 without treatment. Despite a subjective improvement in vigilance, mean sleep latency on MWT decreased from 21 minutes to 8 minutes on sodium oxybate.
Hartley S; Quera-Salva MA; Machou M. Sodium oxybate and sleep apnea: a clinical case. J Clin Sleep Med 2011;7(6):667-668.
Sodium oxybate (GHB, Xyrem, Jazz Pharmaceuticals) is used to treat cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy. It is a central nervous system depressant causing sedation and respiratory depression in overdose (> 50 mg/kg), leading to the concern that the drug may trigger or worsen sleep apnea.1 A recent study of the acute effects of sodium oxybate (9 g/night in 2 doses) in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea with AHIs from 10-40 did not find any increase in obstructive events, although there was an increase in central events, and 3 patients developed significant nocturnal oxygen desaturations.2 A 2-week study at 4.5 g/night in 2 doses was reassuring.3 However, recent clinical case reports described increased AHI in a 60-year-old woman with a BMI of 26, and development of severe sleep apnea (AHI 45) in a 58-year-old man with a BMI of 32.4 Improvement of sleep apnea has also been reported, possibly linked to increases in slow wave sleep.5
Mrs H, aged 39, of African origin, 1.75 m and 65kg (BMI 21.2 kg/m2) first presented symptoms of narcolepsy at the age of 16 years with excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and frequent hypnagogic hallucinations. Narcolepsy was diagnosed in 1999 following polysomnography and MSLT, with reduced mean sleep latency, 2 REM sleep onset episodes (SOREM), and HLA typing of DRB1*15 DQB1*0602. Initial treatment was with modafinil 200 mg and fluoxetine 20 mg (see Table 1 for results of polysomnograms, daytime sleepiness testing, and treatment from 2003–2010). Cataplexy persisted, as did sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness score 13) despite treatment; and in 2004, fluoxetine 20 mg was discontinued and venlafaxine 37.2 mg was initiated. Mrs. H continued to work and drive.
Treatment, clinical data, and results of PSG and MWT 2003-2010
[i] BMI, body mass index; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; MWT, maintenance of wakefulness test.
(more ...)
PSGs in May 2004 and January 2005 found periodic leg movements and sleep fragmentation, but sleep latency on the maintenance of wakefulness tests (MWT) was satisfactory. Ferritin was normal, and no secondary cause of the leg movements apart from antidepressant treatment was found. Modafinil was increased to 300 mg/day, and 0.3 mg clonazepam was added to control leg movements. Venlafaxine was replaced by clomipramine 10 mg in 2006, and a trial of a dopamine agonist in 2008 (ropinirole) was poorly tolerated.
In 2009 Mrs. H underwent a thyroidectomy and started on levothyroxine 100 μg/day; her BMI increased to 23.5 kg/m2. Because of increased cataplexy, antidepressant treatment was withdrawn and sodium oxybate started at a dose of 4.5 g/day in 2 divided doses. Mrs. H was able to stop her clonazepam and felt that her sleep and daytime vigilance improved, although the ESS was stable. PSG showed a marked improvement in leg movements but sleep remained fragmented with the development of non-desaturating central and obstructive hypopneas (AHI 19.7) triggering arousals, and a marked reduction in mean sleep latency on the MWT to 8 minutes. Treatment by sodium oxybate was stopped, and repeat PSG 5 months later found a return of leg movements and disappearance of sleep apnea (AHI 4.8).
Mrs H has narcolepsy with cataplexy complicated by periodic leg movements, which improved when antidepressants were replaced by sodium oxybate, with the development of reversible sleep apnea. Could our finding be due to error? All PSGs were read by the same physician using the same equipment (Medatec, Brussels). Apneas were scored according to the AASM alternative scoring system (with > 50% airflow reduction and > 3% oxygen desaturation or arousal). Identical hypopnea scoring criteria were used for all PSGs. Mrs. H is compliant with treatment, and accidental overdose of treatment was ruled out. Were there clinical signs which could have alerted us to a potential risk of sleep apnea? Weight gain prior to starting sodium oxybate was moderate, and at no point was the BMI abnormal. ENT examination was normal. Of concern was the development of impaired vigilance on MWT despite an improvement in subjective sleepiness.
Other cases of sleep apnea triggered by sodium oxybate have been reported but in older patients with elevated BMI.4 Our patient, who was young and slender, lacked signs which would have alerted us to a potential risk of sleep apnea. Monitoring by oximetry has been suggested every two years for non obese patients treated by sodium oxybate,6 but as Mrs. H did not present desaturations, her sleep apnea would not have been detected. Our case shows that reversible sleep apnea induced by sodium oxybate can occur even in patients considered at low risk, and prescribers should remain vigilant.
This was not an industry supported study. The authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
Zvosec DL, Smith SW, Hall BJ, authors. Three deaths associated with use of Xyrem. Sleep Med. 2009;10:490–3. [PubMed]
George CF, Feldman N, Inhaber N, et al., authors. A safety trial of sodium oxybate in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: Acute effects on sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Med. 2010;11:38–42. [PubMed]
George CF, Feldman N, Zheng Y, et al., authors. A 2-week, polysomnographic safety study of sodium oxybate in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath. 2010 1 18;Epub ahead of print.
Seeck-Hirschner M, Baier PC, von Freier A, Aldenhoff J, Goder R, authors. Increase in sleep-related breathing disturbances after treatment with sodium oxybate in patients with narcolepsy and mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: two case reports. Sleep Med. 2009;10:154–5. [PubMed]
Ortega-Albas JJ, Lopez-Bernabe R, Diaz JR, Serrano AL, authors. Sodium oxybate and breathing. Sleep Breath. 2010;14:259[PubMed]
Feldman NT, author. Clinical perspective: monitoring sodium oxybate-treated narcolepsy patients for the development of sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Breath. 2010;14:77–9. [PubMed Central][PubMed]


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Posted by awinebrennerpal001 on Monday, May 12, 2014 12:38 AM
Matthew Fleming, a Luther Seminary M.Div., is currently serving as the Pastoral Intern at Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd in Minneapolis with Pr. Debra Samuelson. Last month, Matthew wrote a unique reflection on the congregation's beautiful digital ministry project, the #iam_ Project. Although the Lenten season is now behind us, we hope you will enjoy Matthew's reflection on this smart and thoughtful project.
The #iam_ Project began with a team of staff and lay members of the congregation that met weekly to plan for Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd's change to the Narrative Lectionary. As we rounded the corner of the Old Testament and moved toward the year of John, we noticed the peculiar claims of Jesus. Jesus says, "I am,"—ego eimi in Greek—reaching all the way back to the burning bush where God revealed a name to Moses in four fragile letters, YHWH. God is a verb—and a slippery verb at that!
With a talented group of artists, teachers, marketers, and a couple lousy pastors around the table, we came up with an idea. We would invite the congregation to give us forty days, to explore the story of this man who says, "I am," defying empire and culture. And then we would invite our own congregation to say, "I am," in the face of all of the forces that claim our allegiance, that define us, that try to brand us with their identity.
Participants in The #iam_ Project have taken "selfies," either with their cell-phones or in a home-made photo booth. By taking selfies, people are able to claim who they are, tweeting to the hashtag, #iam_. The results have been surprising. People of all ages, tweeting who they are, witnessing to God in their lives, and articulating their own #iam_ claims.
Through self-expression, and social media, we have claimed our identity as God's heirs to the great promise of I am. We have filled in the blank of #iam_ with our identities as people of God, refreshed to live a better way and called to serve people around us.
Throughout this process, we are also redefining what it means to be a part of Christian community. We live-streamed our services to college students living abroad, people who had never walked in the doors of our church, and to a senior housing cooperative. By creating channels of conversation between digital natives and digital learners, younger generations have taught older members of our congregation what it is like to live in a world that is marked by constant connectivity. Likewise, younger members have engaged in intentional conversation with their elders.
The final product of The #iam_ Project is a reredos designed by two artists our congregation, Linda and Brita. Throughout the season of Lent, people have added their selfies, both from Twitter and from our in-house photo booth. As Linda and Brita say in their own words, "This wall, created out of wire fencing, becomes invisible from a distance. It symbolizes God as the supporting armature in our lives. We can't see God, but God is always here, in this life, and with us in every moment. The "selfies" we hang on this wall will move with the slightest breeze, symbolizing the Holy Spirit actively present in our lives, the very moving presence of I AM."
The most surprising fruits of this experiment in digital ministry have been the Tweets each week. Parents and teenagers contribute together in digital space. Project participants have witnessed to an unfathomable promise, that Christ abides in our deepest questions of, "Who am I?" and offers a promise and a challenge: I am.
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Thursday, January 27, 2011
CIRM Board Back in Session
The CIRM board resumed discussions about 1 p.m. PST. Sphere: Related Content
Posted by David Jensen at 2:06 PM
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With more than 2.7 million page views and nearly 5,000 items, this blog provides news and commentary on public policy, business and economic issues related to the $3 billion California stem cell agency. David Jensen, a retired California newsman, has published this blog since January 2005. His email address is firstname.lastname@example.com.
Controversy about conflicts of interest at California's $3 billion stem cell agency arose once again last week -- this time involving a plan...


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Stanford law professor Pamela Karlan delivered powerful testimony Wednesday before the House Judiciary Committee, explaining in simple terms her view that President Trump's conduct warranted his impeachment. As she began her testimony, Karlan, who was called by Democrats to testify with Harvard law professor Noah Feldman and University of North Carolina law professor Michael Gerhardt, rebuked Republican ranking member Rep. Doug Collins, who asserted that those who had not reviewed the testimony of prior witnesses had no business testify about it.
Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee announced Wednesday that he won't stop the state from putting a blind inmate to death in the electric chair later this week, clearing the way for the execution unless a federal court intervenes. Lee Hall, a 53-year-old inmate who became blind from glaucoma during is decades in prison, is scheduled to be electrocuted Thursday for his conviction in the 1991 killing of his estranged girlfriend. Hall had his sight when he entered death row nearly three decades ago, but attorneys for the condemned prisoner say he's since become functionally blind due to improperly treated glaucoma.
The devastating Japanese attack began Sunday at 7:48 a.m., eventually killing 2,402 Americans and wounding many others, sinking four battleships and damaging many more. The Pearl Harbor attack spurred America into World War II. Here are photographs from the attack and its immediate aftermath. December 7, 1941 began as a perfect Sunday morning for the troops serving the US fleet at Pearl Harbor.
An Indian guru facing rape and sexual abuse charges made headlines Wednesday after he emerged from hiding and announced the birth of a new cosmic country with its own cabinet and golden passports. Swami Nithyananda, a controversial self-styled godman with thousands of followers in southern India's Karnataka and Tamil Nadu states, posted a video on his YouTube channel announcing the special project to his followers. 41-year-old Nithyananda announced that his country is called Kailaasa, and is the biggest Hindu nation without boundaries.
Rouge robots, deep space planets, and a voice assistant love story. From Popular Mechanics
Fifteen Russian spies, including those accused of the Salisbury nerve agent attack, used the French Alps as a "base camp" to conduct covert operations around Europe over a five-year period, according to reports. The revelations came as Germany expelled two Russian diplomats after prosecutors said there was "sufficient factual evidence" linking Moscow to the killing of a former Chechen rebel commander in central Berlin. According to Le Monde, British, Swiss, French, and US intelligence have drawn up a list of 15 members of the 29155 unit of Russia's GRU military spy agency who all passed through France's Haute-Savoie mountains close to the Swiss and Italian borders.
Frequently, that argument is presented as part of the larger case that President Trump's periodic expressions of skepticism about NATO's relevance are out-of-touch with the views of the American public. Few (if any) surveys of U.S. public opinion about NATO even hint about the extent of the risks Americans incur because of Washington's obligations under Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which commits the signatories to consider an attack on any member as an attack on all. A typical poll question will ask respondents whether the United States should defend country X, if Russia attacks that country.
A British diver who helped rescue a dozen boys trapped in a cave in Thailand fought back tears as he told a court Elon Musk's "pedo guy" slur amounted to "a life sentence with no parole". Vernon Unsworth choked up on Wednesday as he testified against the Tesla CEO during a defamation trial in Los Angeles. The 63-year-old, from St Albans, told the hearing he had no choice but to sue the billionaire who used the slur on Twitter, or else it would seem the allegation were true.
Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne said in a letter to the university community that the ringleader of the college admissions scandal, William "Rick" Singer, approached seven coaches at the school about trading bribes for students' recruitments to the school at athletes. Tessier-Lavigne said an external review of the case revealed that only the school's former sailing coach, John Vandemoer, accepted Singer's deal. Vandemoer accepted $610,000 in bribes from Singer to facilitate the admission of students as sailing recruits.
The first member of Congress who called for President Trump to be impeached sent a memo Wednesday to House members urging them to incorporate concerns about Trump's "racism" into the ongoing impeachment inquiry. In the memo, Rep. Al Green, D-Texas, noted that, in July, the House passed a resolution condemning Trump for making "racist comments" about four Democratic congresswomen of color. "How will history judge this Congress that passed a resolution indicating President Trump made harmful, racist comments if it does not impeach him for his impeachable racist, anti-Semitic, Islamophobic, transphobic, xenophobic language instigating enmity and inciting violence within our society?" Green asked in his memo, which was obtained by Yahoo News.
A female officer who was reportedly caught on video kissing then-Chicago Police Superintendent Eddie Johnson at a popular restaurant in October was transferred weeks later from his personal security detail to another role on the police force, a department spokesman said. Police spokesman Anthony Guglielmi confirmed to WBEZ that the officer, who was appointed to Johnson's security detail in 2016, was reassigned in November to the technical services bureau. He said he didn't know if the two had a romantic relationship and couldn't say if the officer's reassignment was connected to one, but that the move was neither a promotion nor a demotion and was not done for disciplinary reasons.
An activist group has apologized to Jewish organizations outraged over their use of purported Holocaust victims' remains in an installation outside Germany's parliament building meant to draw attention to the perils of far-right extremism. The Center for Political Beauty, a Germany-based activist group known for provocative stunts, installed an urn outside the Reichtstag building on Monday, saying it contained victims' remains that it had unearthed from 23 locations near Nazi death and concentration camps in Germany, Poland and Ukraine. "We want to apologize especially to Jewish institutions, associations and individuals who see our work as disturbing or touching the peace of the dead according to Jewish religious law," the group said on its website in a post late Wednesday.
Authorities say a postal worker has been shot at a northern Virginia post office by an agent for the Postal Service's Inspector General's office. News outlets report that it happened Wednesday morning at the parking lot of the Lovettsville post office in Loudoun County.
Representative Duncan Hunter (R., Calif.) has not indicated that he will leave his seat in the House after he pleaded guilty on Wednesday to campaign finance violations. Hunter and his wife, who pleaded guilty to similar charges in June, were accused of using $250,000 in campaign funds to pay for family vacations to Hawaii, plane tickets for their pet rabbit, and other personal expenses.
Two people have been killed and one injured after a gunman opened fire before taking his own life at Pearl Harbour military base in Hawaii. The Pearl Harbour Naval Shipyard was locked down on Wednesday afternoon after the shooting which is believed to have started at 2.30pm local time (10.30pm GMT). The shooting took place at Dry Dock 2, near the south entrance of a combined US Air Force and Navy base about 8 miles (13 km) from Honolulu.
Air Force Gen. Herbert "Hawk" Carlisle, commander of Air Combat Command, this week declared the F-35A fighter jet ready for combat. 1. Even with developmental restrictions that limit the F-35A's responsiveness and ability to maneuver, every U.S. fighter pilot interviewed would pick the F-35A over his former jet in a majority of air-to-air (dogfight) engagement scenarios they could face. 2. A former F-15C instructor pilot said he consistently beat his former jet in mock dogfights.
Bourgeacq Pinzón's journey from curious to committed volunteer is one the Sanders campaign aims to emulate across Iowa. Sanders already has the firmest base in the field, according the latest Des Moines Register/CNN/Mediacom Iowa Poll, even as he continues to jostle in third place. Now, the Sanders campaign is working to turn that enthusiastic base into caucus victory.
Jeku Arce The alliance has been working for several years to improve its ability to reinforce and resupply across Europe, not only inland via roads, rivers, and railways but around the continent through ports that haven't seen much action since the Cold War. NATO started going to more European ports around 2015 in order "to reestablish capabilities" and "to demonstrate that we could come [into Europe] at a variety of different places," retired Army Gen. Ben Hodges, who led the US Army in Europe between 2014 and 2017, told Business Insider in 2018. "So as China continues to invest in things like ports and rail in Europe, that can complicate NATO mobility," Kendall-Taylor said Monday.
Warren's staff recently circulated a proposal for sweeping anti-monopoly legislation, which would deliver on a presidential campaign promise to check the power of Big Tech and other industries. According to a draft of the bill reviewed by Bloomberg, the proposal would expand antitrust law beyond the so-called consumer welfare standard, an approach that has driven antitrust policy since the 1970s. Warren's bill, tentatively titled the Anti-Monopoly and Competition Restoration Act, would also ban non-compete and no-poaching agreements for workers and protect the rights of gig economy workers, such as drivers for Uber Technologies Inc., to organize.
Nigerian opposition activist Omoyele Sowore and co-defendant Olawale Bakare were set free on Thursday after months in detention, for alleged treason. The pair were released hours after a judge gave the secret police 24 hours to release Sowore, who had been held since August by the Department of State Services (DSS) after urging protests under the online banner "#RevolutionNow". Sowore, 48, also ran unsuccessfully against President Muhammadu Buhari in the February polls.
For officers, pulling over a fellow cop can be an awkward dilemma, one that's magnified when it's the head of one of the nation's largest police departments. It's a worst-nightmare situation for a police officer to encounter their superior or chief who has been drinking," said Philip Stinson, a criminal justice professor at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. They're damned if they do, and they're damned if they don't in terms of how they respond or act.
Authorities on Thursday lifted a second evacuation order in a week for thousands of people in a Texas city as U.S. safety officials began examining what caused the latest in a series of chemical plant fires in the state. The about 14,000 residents of Port Neches 95 miles (153 km) east of Houston were told to flee late on Wednesday when air monitors detected high levels of cancer causing petrochemicals butane and butadiene following an explosion last week. Butadiene is the main product of the TPC Group's facility in the city struck by last week's blast and fire, which injured three workers and prompted an initial, two-day evacuation.
Authorities in western Russia arrested a man accused of building fake border posts and tricking migrants into believing they marked the state borders between Russia and Finland, the Interfax news agency reported. The incident happened in Russia's Vyborg region, which is about 15 miles from the actual border. The unidentified man from central Asia is accused of charging four South Asian migrants more than 10,000 euros, or $11,000, to help them cross what they believed was the EU border, Interfax reported, citing border agents.
President Emmanuel Macron has pledged to fight anti-Semitism saying "Jews are and make France" after 107 graves were desecrated at a Jewish cemetery in the northeast of the country. The daubing of swastikas and other anti-Semitic graffiti on the graves at the cemetery in Westhoffen around 15 miles west of Strasbourg in the Alsace region was the latest racist attack to shock the country. "Jews are and make France," President Emmanuel Macron wrote on Twitter on Tuesday.
Pakistan has declined to pursue a sprawling case against Chinese sex traffickers due to fears it would harm economic ties with Beijing, the AP reported on Wednesday. Pakistan has been seeking closer ties with China for years as Beijing continue to make major investments in the country's infrastructure.


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Alliums are gems in the summer garden.THERE is nothing more annoying than yearning for a particular flower in the garden and realising it's too late to plant the wretched thing. Alliums are a case in point. I adore them and saw many when I visited England and the Chelsea Flower Show in May. Designers used them in their show gardens to stunning effect and landscapers here also feature them strongly. They blend well with other flowers but still manage to be the star turn, especially mass plantings of Allium giganteum, with stems growing to 1.8 metres and 10-centimetre to 15-centimetre-diameter violet to deep-purple flower heads towering over the floral pack.
At Chelsea, designers used them with Queen Anne's lace, poppies, irises, hollyhocks and salvias, creating a floral meadow effect, but the alliums always stood out. Another reason to include these ornamental gems in your garden is the leaves die down long before the flowers open, so it doesn't matter if they're planted with other showy varieties as their style won't be cramped. If you forgot to plant allium bulbs in autumn for summer flowering, the 'Drumstick' variety, or round-headed garlic, is available from Lambley Nursery so you can plant some for a summer show.
A. sphaerocephalon is aptly named because it resembles a chicken drumstick with its tall, thin stems and egg-shaped flowers that start off green and mature to pink then red-purple. The beauty of this ornamental relative of the onion, leek, garlic and chive family is that as well as creating architectural structure, it is also edible.
Some species are grown for their foliage and starry flower heads, others for their pungent bulbs and foliage – onion, scallion or spring onion (Allium cepa), porrum group of leeks (A. ampeloprasum), chives (A. schoenoprasum) and garlic (A. sativum). David Glenn, who runs Lambley Nursery at Ascot in country Victoria, knows the decorative value of alliums and can't imagine a garden without them.
The 10 varieties of bulbs he carries are sold out by January, so people can plant them in March-April for late-spring and early summer flowering. Glenn grows them in his dry-climate garden with different salvias and between deciduous shrubs that have been pruned over winter. Glenn says alliums are useful plants and different varieties have different uses: "'Drumstick' is terrific in the garden because it's vertical all the way from the foliage to the stems and flowers, so they don't take up any horizontal space." The larger varieties such as the giganteums finish flowering by Christmas but they can be a problem in the garden as they want to "rot off" in the Australian summer, he says.
Author and gardener Jody Rigby cites the ornamental allium as one of her 150 indestructible plants, not just for the insect-repelling scent they exude (the one that makes us cry when we cut up onions) but for their globe-shaped flower heads and strappy blue-green foliage, which add height and beauty to a garden bed. Rigby says the sulphur aroma also deters animals that like to scratch around in the garden.
A genus of plants belonging to the Alliaceae family, there are more than 700 species within the group, making it one of the largest in the plant world. Most come from the dry areas of the northern hemisphere, which is why they have a reputation for being tough.
You can order them online from Lambley Nursery (lambley苏州美甲学校.au), Diggers Seeds (diggers苏州美甲学校.au) and Tesselaar (tesselaar苏州美甲学校.au).
But whatever you do, order them in plenty of time so you don't miss out either on the bulbs or a spring-summer floral extravaganza.
This story Administrator ready to work first appeared on 苏州美甲学校.


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Dallas Stars prospect Scott Winkler has died in his home country of Norway after recently completing his senior season at Colorado College. He was 23.
School officials said in a news release that Winkler died unexpectedly Wednesday at his parents' home. The native of Asker, Norway, was a third-round pick by the Stars in 2008.
The school said Winkler graduated from Colorado College on May 20 with a bachelor's degree in economics.
Winkler came to the U.S. in 2007 and played for Cedar Rapids in the United States Hockey League the year he was drafted by Dallas. He later enrolled at Colorado College and compiled 63 points in 120 career games. He had career highs of 13 goals and 28 points last season.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Pocket Warwick full review
PocketWarwick is the latest brainchild of popular TV and film star Warwick Davis (read our exclusive interview with Warwick), who has worked in everything from Hollywood blockbusters Star Wars to Harry Potter to TV comedies Extras and Life's Too short in his illustrious career.
It is in the vein of Life's too Short/Extras that PocketWarwick is set – Warwick is a middle-aged Z-list celebrity who wants to become famous. To achieve this, players will need to get up close and personal with Warwick (who filmed over 80 different facial expressions for the game), seeing to his needs, dealing with his moods and choosing which roles he needs to take on in order to climb to the top of the celebrity ladder.
I spent a week testing PocketWarwick and getting immersed into his device-sized world, so check out what we got up to:
Day One
I've just started playing so everything is still happy and shiny and new. Warwick welcomes me to the game, but seems to have a short attention span, so I get him to watch some TV and play on the computer while I figure out what all the controls do.
PocketWarwick functions just like a Tamagotchi gaming device. Although Warwick is a fully-grown man, he takes his lead from you and you need to ensure that all his levels (hunger, hygiene, exercise, IQ and entertainment) are at least half-way full so that he fulfills the requirements for the jobs that come in on his smartphone from his manager.
Warwick exercising, while in disguise
Although you start with some coins and a bit of gold (gold coins are the in-app currency that you can purchase using real money), this won't last long, so Warwick needs to work in order to eat, as well as to invest in different outfits, costume bits and pieces so that he can secure the big roles.
I've never been fond of in-app purchases, so I'm going to attempt to play the whole game by earning money the normal way. You can earn a couple of gold coins from a really good job if you're lucky, so I'm going to save up the gold for an emergency situation.
I send Warwick off for a few bit part roles, nothing very big. One thing I like very much is the wry humour that runs through the game. The roles offered to Warwick are either spins on famous movies, such as "The Half Green Mile", about a dwarf imprisoned for something he didn't do, who has a special gift (a nod to Michael Clarke Duncan), actual bit parts suitable for a Small Person, or crazy, bizarre roles, for example "You have been asked to take over as host of a popular pets taxidermy TV show".
"The Lambshank Redemption", one of the many hilarious twists on popular films
Day Two
Today Warwick's in a bit of a mood with me, because I'm having fun swinging the iPhone around so that he falls down to the bottom of the set or whacks the glass screen. The app is really very responsive to touch. You can tickle Warwick or punch him if you so fancy, and he reacts charmingly. I must admit I get a just a little bit dazzled when he winks at me.
I would probably say that the app is too responsive - if you tilt the screen the wrong way, Warwick falls down and completely forgets what you've just asked him to do. This can be very annoying if you're rushing to prepare for an audition within the time limit and you're on the go like me - I play iPhone games on the tube and often have to change platforms quickly.
Speaking of the time limit, my major criticism is that if you read a job message on the smartphone and the countdown starts, clicking out of the game onto the main iPhone menu doesn't pause the game, as it does with other apps.
So you either have to give up on the audition or stop what you're doing to complete the task, not very practical for a mobile game.
Warwick reading a film script, with 3 minutes to go on the countdown
Days 3 - 4
Was so busy I forgot to play - hope Warwick's still alive!
Day 5
I turn on the game full of dread, only to discover that Warwick is still alive, but utterly, completely miserable. Somehow I found this to be cute when I played with Tamogotchi's as a child, but with Warwick, I just feel guilty.
"I'm sorry, Warwick, would you like something to eat?" I ask him.
He pouts at me.
I set about making things right. I end up having to spend all the money we've got on food to get his hunger level up, so by the time he's ready to go, we've had to rethink our strategy.
We've decided to start taking on every single job we can find, so long as it pays money, since Warwick gets hungry easily.
The game advises that you be careful which jobs you take on - charity gigs are good for self-promotion, but some roles will keep Warwick where he is and won't help him to progress to become taken more seriously.
For a while, we ignore that advice and go for any role that pays, even if it's something vaguely demeaning, like being the stunt double of a dog.
Day 6
We're still working very hard on auditions today. The requirements can be a bit tricky – for example, if Warwick's hygiene is "good", not "very good", we can lose out on the part. Warwick always gets into a huff when this happens.
"My career's going down the toilet," he moans at me, before storming off to surf the Internet.
There are lots of neat objects and furniture you can buy to decorate Warwick's apartment – Professor Flitwick's wand stand and even an iMac, clearly his computer of choice.
You can give Warwick the dream home he always wanted – flatscreen TV, fancy iMac? No problem.
At Warwick's request, I've redecorated his study with new wallpaper and a funky new chair, but now I'm wishing I hadn't.
Every so often, big budget movie roles come up that pay 70 coins and 100 experience points. The problem with this is that the big roles also require you to have purchased an expensive clothing item, and as we're not investing real-world money into this, we haven't got enough coins to spend.
So we have to ignore these auditions (by waiting for the countdown clock on the smartphone to finish), as other ones will soon come up. Ignoring an audition is better than rejecting it – if you reject it, you never get offered it again.
The animation and transitions on this game are very smooth. Warwick is portrayed as being on a set, and when you want to go to another room, the set changes without Warwick having to move.
I'm getting a bit worried about Warwick though – all he does is work all the time or hang out at home. He doesn't visit his friends (unless you include talk show hosts and charity fundraisers) and he doesn't have a girl. I think it would be good to have an add-on where we get to see Warwick Davis take a girl out on a date, or at least to see how he does at an audition.
Warwick, dressed to the nines for a big budget film role
Day 7
Hurrah, we're starting to secure the big roles and have made it halfway! We reckon we must be an M-list celebrity now.
Here are some handy tips to help you on your own journey with Warwick:
1) Always exercise before you shower
2) Triple check the audition instructions. Even if you think you have it down, check again.
3) If possible, get all Warwick's levels up before clicking on the phone to see what the job is about.
4) Double-check how much all the items are before you spend.
5) After you start doing better, only do small bit roles if you are really broke - they don't help your reputation.
6) Earn popularity points, which contribute to his total popularity rating at the bottom of the screen by sharing the PocketWarwick app on social networks and by email. This is part of the "self-promotion" that helps Warwick to climb the social ladder.
7) If you're on a tight budget, don't decorate Warwick's apartment.
8) If you find that some of the items in the Shop aren't displaying so you physically cannot complete the task, the game's developers advise that you exit the app, shut it down from running in the background of your iPhone (double click home button to show all running apps, hold finger on PW and click the '-' button to stop process from running) and relaunch the App in an area with data connection (3G or WIFI). While the game is launching, it will retrieve new game data and ask you to download new shop items.


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Employers are required to make payment to HMRC of the income tax, national insurance and student loan deductions. Contractors are required to make payment to HMRC of the tax deductions made from subcontractors under the CIS.
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The Collegian (Brownwood, Tex.), Vol. 34, No. 29, Ed. 1, Monday, June 3, 1940
Description: Weekly student newspaper from Daniel Baker College in Brownwood, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: June 3, 1940
Item Type: Refine your search to only Newspaper
Partner: Howard Payne University Library


text:
CanadianHeadstones.com has a separate website and database for each province and territory.
The site is fully automated so that uploading the photo, editing and transcribing the text from the headstone is very easy and fast. Then, to avoid SPAM and errors, a coordinator approves each entry. The system is designed to be very user-friendly. The database is fully searchable by surname, first name, starts with, contains and even sounds like.
They are seeking:
1. people to upload/transcribe any and all headstone photos you may possess – 1 or 1001 photographs
2. coordinators to assist in "approving" the photos as they are uploaded
3. volunteers to photograph headstones of cemeteries and upload them
4. genealogical societies, church groups and others who would like to create a photographic archive of their cemeteries
The Canadian Headstone Photo Project is a non-profit educational site. The site is completely FREE for everyone to use and will remain as such.


text:
Cupertino, California
|General law city[1]
|City of Cupertino
City center in 2005.
Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California
|Coordinates: Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
|United States
|San Francisco Bay Area
|Santa Clara
|October 10, 1955[2]
|Named for
|Arroyo San José de Cupertino
|• Type
|• Body
City council[1]
|• Total
|11.257 sq mi (29.156 km2)
|• Land
|11.256 sq mi (29.153 km2)
|• Water
|0.001 sq mi (0.003 km2) 0.01%
|236 ft (72 m)
|Population (April 1, 2010)[5]
|• Total
|• Estimate (2013)[5]
|• Density
|5,200/sq mi (2,000/km2)
|Time zone
|Pacific (UTC−8)
|• Summer (DST)
|ZIP codes
|95014, 95015
|Area codes
|FIPS code
|GNIS feature IDs
|277496, 2410278
Cupertino /ˌkuːpərˈtiːnoʊ/ is a city in Santa Clara County, California in the United States, directly west of San Jose on the western edge of the Santa Clara Valley with portions extending into the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains. An affluent city, Cupertino is the 11th wealthiest city with a population over 50,000 in the United States. The population was 58,302 at the 2010 census.[6] Forbes ranked it as one of the most educated small towns. It is known as the home of Apple Inc.'s corporate headquarters.
63 percent of the Cupertino's population was of Asian ancestry in 2010,[7] compared to 32 percent in Santa Clara Country overall.[8] Money's Best Places to Live, America's best small towns, ranked Cupertino as #27 in 2012,[9] the second highest in California. It was also named as the seventh "happiest" suburb in the United States, ranking highly in the categories of income, safety, marriage, and education.[10]
- 1 Toponym
- 2 History
- 3 Demographics
- 4 Geography
- 5 Layout
- 6 Economy
- 7 Law and government
- 8 Transportation
- 9 Education
- 10 Places of interest
- 11 Notable residents (and former residents)
- 12 Sister cities
- 13 See also
- 14 References
- 15 External links
Cupertino was named after Arroyo San José de Cupertino (now Stevens Creek). The creek had been named by Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza's cartographer, who named it after Saint Joseph of Cupertino. (Saint Joseph was born Giuseppe Maria Desa, and later known as Giuseppe da Copertino.) Cupertino was named after the town of Copertino in the Apulia region of Italy. The name Cupertino first became widely used when John T. Doyle, a San Francisco lawyer and historian, named his winery on McClellan Road "Cupertino". After the turn of the 20th century, Cupertino displaced the former name for the region, which was "West Side".
Although the meaning of "Copertino" is uncertain, it is likely a compound word meaning "little (covered) shelter." The -ino suffix in Italian words indicates "small" or "little," while "coprire" in Italian means "to cover," and "coperto" is derived from the Latin "coopertus," which means "covered shelter."
Cupertino in the 19th century was a small rural village at the crossroads of Stevens Creek Road and Saratoga-Mountain View Road (also known locally as Highway 9; later Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, and then renamed to De Anza Boulevard within Cupertino city limits). Back then, it was known as the West Side and was part of Fremont Township. The primary economic activity was fruit agriculture. Almost all of the land within Cupertino's present-day boundaries was covered by prune, plum, apricot, and cherry orchards. A winery on Montebello Ridge overlooking the Cupertino valley region was also operating by the late 19th century.
Soon railroads, electric railways, and dirt roads traversed the West Side farmlands. Monta Vista, Cupertino's first housing tract, was developed in the mid-20th century as a result of the electric railway's construction.
After World War II, a population and suburban housing boom dramatically shifted the demographics and economy of the Santa Clara Valley, as the "Valley of Heart's Delight" was beginning to transform into "Silicon Valley". In 1954, a rancher, Norman Nathanson, the Cupertino-Monta Vista Improvement Association, and the Fact Finding Committee, began a drive for incorporation. On September 27, 1955, voters approved the incorporation of the city of Cupertino (225 voted "yes" and 183 voted "no"). Cupertino officially became Santa Clara County's 13th city on October 10, 1955. The first city council consisted of Ralph Lindenmayer, Werner Wilson, John Saich, R. Ivan Meyerholz and Norman Nathanson. Lindenmayer was selected as the first mayor of Cupertino a week after the September 27 election.[11][12]
A major milestone in Cupertino's development was the creation by some of the city's largest landowners of VALLCO Business and Industrial Park in the early 1960s. Of the 25 property owners, 17 decided to pool their land to form VALLCO Park, 6 sold to Varian Associates (property later sold to Hewlett-Packard), and two opted for transplanting to farms elsewhere. The name VALLCO was derived from the names of the principal developers: Varian Associates and the Leonard, Lester, Craft, and Orlando families. A neighborhood outdoor shopping center and, much later, the enclosed Vallco Fashion Park, briefly renamed Cupertino Square, were also developed.
De Anza College opened in 1967. The college, named for Juan Bautista De Anza, occupies a 112-acre (0.45 km2) site that was the location of a winery built at the turn of the 20th century, called Beaulieu by its owners, Charles and Ella Baldwin. Their mansion has now become the California History Center. De Anza College now has about 22,000 students and is a hub of activity in the city. Its flea market, held the first Saturday of the month, attracts thousands from around the area.
Housing developments were rapidly constructed in the following years as developers created neighborhoods, including Fairgrove, Garden Gate, Monta Vista, Seven Springs, and other developments. The city is known for its high real estate prices.
On December 1, 2009, Cupertino became the first city in Northern California to have an Asian-American-majority city council.
|Historical population
|Est. 2014
The 2010 United States Census[15] reported that Cupertino had a population of 58,301. The population density was 5,179.1 people per square mile (1,999.7/km²). The racial makeup of Cupertino was 18,270 (31.3%) White, 344 (0.6%) Black American, 117 (0.2%) American Indian, 36,895 (63.3%) Asian (28.1% Chinese, 22.6% Indian, 4.6% Korean, 3.3% Japanese, 1.3% Vietnamese), 54 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 670 (1.1%) from other races, and 1,952 (3.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,113 persons (3.6%); 2.4% of Cupertino's population is of Mexican ancestry.
The census reported that 57,965 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 61 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 276 (0.5%) were institutionalized.
There were 20,181 households, out of which 9,539 (47.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,802 (68.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,393 (6.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 581 (2.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 378 (1.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 89 (0.4%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 3,544 households (17.6%) were made up of individuals and 1,612 (8.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87. There were 15,776 families (78.2% of all households); the average family size was 3.28.
The population was spread out with 16,075 people (27.6%) under the age of 18, 3,281 people (5.6%) aged 18 to 24, 15,621 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 16,044 people (27.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 7,281 people (12.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.9 years. For every 100 females there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.6 males.
There were 21,027 housing units at an average density of 1,867.9 per square mile (721.2/km²), of which 12,627 (62.6%) were owner-occupied, and 7,554 (37.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.7%. 36,464 people (62.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 21,501 people (36.9%) lived in rental housing units.
According to the 2005–2007 American Community Survey of the US Census Bureau, the median income for a household in the city was $118,635, and the median income for a family was $140,199. The per capita income for the city was $44,774. About 3.6% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.[17]
According to the 2005–2007 American Community Survey, White Americans made up 37.4% of Cupertino's population. Black Americans now made up 1.5% of Cupertino's population and American Indians made up 0.4% of the city's population. In addition, Cupertino now has an Asian American majority as this group now represents 55.7% of the city's population. Pacific Islander Americans remained at 0.1% of the population. Also, 2.5% of the population are from some other race and 2.4% of the population are from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos remained at 4.0% of Cupertino's population.[18] In the 2000 Census, non-Hispanic whites made up 47.8% of Cupertino's population.[19] According to the 2005–2007 American Community Survey, non-Hispanic whites now represented 35.3% of the city's population.[20]
Cupertino is located at Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. (37.317492, −122.041949),[21] at the southern end of the San Francisco Bay. The eastern part of the city, located in the Santa Clara Valley, is flat while the western part of the city slopes into the Santa Cruz Mountains. Cupertino borders San Jose and Santa Clara to the east, Saratoga to the south, Sunnyvale and Los Altos to the north, and Loyola to the northwest.
Several streams run through Cupertino on their way to south San Francisco Bay, including (from north to south): Permanente Creek, Stevens Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek and its Smith Creek, the Regnart Creek and Prospect Creek tributaries of Calabazas Creek, and Saratoga Creek.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.3 square miles (29 km2),[21] 99.99% of it land and 0.01% of it water.
Cupertino has mild weather, wet winters and mild, dry summers.
Averages in July (at Santa Clara University)[citation needed]
- Maximum 82.0 °F (27.8 °C)
- Minimum 54.1 °F (12.3 °C)
Averages in January (at Santa Clara University)
- Maximum 58.2 °F (14.6 °C)
- Minimum 38.7 °F (3.7 °C)
- High 114 °F (46 °C) – June 1961
- Low 16 °F (−9 °C) – December 1990
Cupertino is made up of numerous subdivisions, most of them developed since the 1960s. Most of Cupertino's contemporary properties were developed between 1960 and 1961. The area between Stevens Creek boulevard, Miller avenue, Bollinger road, and Lawrence Expressway contains 223 Eichler homes.[22] Two of the newest parts of Cupertino are among its oldest housing tracts. Monta Vista and Rancho Rinconada were developed outside of the city's boundaries in the 1950s and before. Rancho Rinconada was annexed in 1999[23] and the last part of Monta Vista was annexed in 2004.[24] The neighborhood of Seven Springs is at the Southern tip of Cupertino and was developed in the 1980s. The newest and most northern neighborhood, Oak Valley, borders Rancho San Antonio Park and was developed around the year 2000.
Cupertino is known for its expensive housing prices as the majority of residential properties are multimillion-dollar homes, with the entry-point into a single family home at about 1.5 million dollars. Many homes are in the upper $1 million to $3.5 million range. The high cost of living in Cupertino is attributed to the high-quality schooling, safety of the town, and its central location within the Silicon Valley. The city has attracted many high-income professionals and executives many of which are all cash buyers. The price of housing in Cupertino seems to have weathered even the 2007–8 slump in economy.
Cali Mill Plaza marks the traditional center of the city and the historical location of Crossroads. However, Cupertino does not have a traditional downtown shopping and commercial district.
Cupertino is one of many cities that claim to be the "heart" of Silicon Valley, as many semi-conductor and computer companies were founded here and in the surrounding areas. The worldwide headquarters for Apple Inc. is located here in a modern complex circled by the Infinite Loop. Apple has announced that it plans to build a new 150-acre (610,000 m2) second campus between Interstate 280, N Wolfe Rd, E Homestead Rd and along Tantau Ave one mile east of the old campus. The nine properties (50-acre (0.2 km2) south of Pruneridge Avenue were bought in 2006, the property (100-acre (0.4 km2) north of it in 2010 (from Hewlett-Packard).
On June 7, 2011, Steve Jobs gave a presentation to Cupertino City Council, detailing the architectural design of the new building and its environs.[25] The campus is planned to house up to 13,000 employees in one central four-storied circular building surrounded by extensive landscaping, with parking mainly underground and the rest centralized in a parking structure.
Other companies headquartered in Cupertino include Trend Micro, Cloud.com, Lab126, Packeteer, Chordiant, and Seagate Technology. Over 60 high-tech companies have offices there, including IBM, Olivetti and Oracle. Most of these high-tech companies are located on De Anza Boulevard, Cali Mill Plaza, and Bubb Road.
Though Cupertino is home to the headquarters of many high-tech companies, very little manufacturing actually takes place in the city. The city's large office parks are primarily dedicated to management and design functions.
Earlier in its history Cupertino attributed some of its city income from Vallco Fashion Park, at the time one of the only major indoor shopping malls in the South Bay area. People from the greater South Bay area would come to spend money and contribute to the sales tax. Since then, several other shopping malls have sprung up; Valley Fair (now known as Westfield Valley Fair) in Santa Clara caters to the high end boutique stores, while the Great Mall in Milpitas in the 1990s opened to the low-priced and bargain retailers. Vallco Fashion Park was hit hard by these developments, as well as by the loss of one of its anchor stores, Emporium.
In 2002, Cupertino had a labor force of 25,780 with an unemployment rate of 4.5%. The unemployment rate for the Santa Clara County as a whole was 8.4%.
One of the major employers in the area is the aggregate rock quarry and cement plant in the foothills to the west of Cupertino, the Permanente Quarry. Owned and operated by Lehigh Southwest Cement, it was founded by Henry J. Kaiser as the Kaiser Permanente Cement Plant in 1939. It provided the majority of the cement used in the construction of the Shasta Dam. It supplied the 6 million barrels (950,000 m3) of cement over a nine-mile (14 km)-long conveyor system.[26] The cement plant is the sole reason for the railroad line that runs through the city.
Lehigh Permanente Cement was honored as the Large Business of the Year by the Cupertino Chamber of Commerce in 2001–2002. On October 5, 2011, the Lehigh Permanente Cement Plant was the site of a shooting in which a disgruntled employee named Shareef Allman shot and killed three people and wounded seven, including one person who was injured during the course of a carjacking by Allman after the shooting. Allman was shot dead after he would not surrender, and displayed a firearm in a threatening manner toward the deputies.[27][28] On December 19, 2011, the Sierra Club sued Lehigh Southwest Cement Company for discharging selenium and other toxic waste materials into Permanente Creek.[29]
Top employers
According to the City's 2013 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[30] the top employers in the city are:
|No. of employees
|Cupertino Union School District
|Foothill–De Anza Community College District
|Fremont Union High School District
|Seagate Technology
|Trend Micro
|The Forum at Rancho San Antonio
Law and government
Cupertino was incorporated in 1955. The highest body in the city government – the City Council – is made up of five members who serve overlapping, four-year terms. The council elects the mayor and vice-mayor for a term of one year. The city does not have its own charter. Instead, it is a General Law city, which follows provisions and requirements for cities established by the state of California.
Cupertino contracts with the Santa Clara County Sheriff's Office and the Santa Clara County Fire Department for public safety services. The Cupertino Library is part of the Santa Clara County Library System.
The city's symbol is a conquistador's morion. A sculpture of this helmet stands next to Cupertino City Hall, and several versions of the helmet have also been used as the city logo. The original sculpture was made in 1971 by John Augsburger of San Luis Obispo. A full-sized replica of the sculpture, made by Fred Subega was given to the city of Toyokawa, Japan as a gift to commemorate their tenth anniversary as sister cities. A smaller sculpture in the shape of the helmet in the 1999–2007 Cupertino city seal was also given to the city of Toyokawa as a twenty-fifth anniversary present.
State and federal representation
In the California State Legislature, Cupertino is in the 15th Senate District, represented by Democrat Jim Beall, and in the 28th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Evan Low.[31]
In the United States House of Representatives, Cupertino is in California's 17th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Honda.[32]
The city is served by an interconnected road system. Two freeways, State Route 85 and Interstate 280, intersect in Cupertino, with multi-lane boulevards with landscaped medians and traffic lights at all major intersections. Streets nearly all have sidewalks, the few exceptions are in unincorporated pockets at the city's edges, which are maintained directly by Santa Clara County.
Cupertino has bike lanes on many of its boulevards. Bicycle traffic is heavy usually around morning and noon times around DeAnza College. The VTA has buses running through Cupertino at major arteries. Cupertino's main streets are well lit, while a few older roads towards the Monta Vista High School area are a little dim.
Dedicated on April 30, 2009, Cupertino opened the Mary Avenue Bicycle Footbridge, the first cable-stay bicycle pedestrian bridge over a California freeway. This bridge connects the north and the south sections of the Stevens Creek Trail. The cost of the bridge project was $14,800,000.[33]
The Union Pacific Railroad operates a branch line track up to the Lehigh Permanente Cement Plant from the mainline at San Jose Diridon Station. It is however strictly for the quarry and very little to no non-quarry traffic runs there.
There is no commuter rail or light rail service in the city. Caltrain commuter rail runs through the cities to the north and east, and the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA)'s Mountain View – Winchester light rail line runs to Campbell, California to the south. Bus service is also provided by VTA, and the prospect of twenty-four hour bus service on Stevens Creek Boulevard is being studied. Though this corridor (line 23) is one of VTA's most heavily used routes, there is no express service that takes commuters into San Jose, and the quality of service is therefore considered to be relatively poor. VTA recently added a limited bus service to De Anza College from Downtown San Jose via Steven Creeks Blvd.
Cupertino is landlocked and, like most Bay Area cities, relies on the Port of Oakland for most oceangoing freight.
Passenger and cargo air transportation is available at San Jose International Airport in San Jose. The closest general aviation airport is in Palo Alto; it is known as Palo Alto Airport of Santa Clara County.
Primary and secondary
|Elementary school (CUSD)
|2013 API score
|Previous Rank
|William Faria*
|L. P. Collins
|Nelson S. Dilworth
|R. I. Meyerholz
|Abraham Lincoln
|Garden Gate
|William Regnart
|Louis E. Stocklmeir
|Stevens Creek
|C. B. Eaton
|West Valley
|Blue Hills
|John Muir
|Dwight D. Eisenhower
|D. J. Sedgwick
|Manuel De Vargas
|Chester W. Nimitz
|Middle School (CUSD)
|2013 API score
|Previous Rank
|John F. Kennedy
|Joaquin Miller
|Sam H. Lawson
|Warren E. Hyde
|High School (FUHSD)
|2013 API score
|Previous Rank
|Monta Vista
Cupertino is known for its high achieving primary and secondary schools. For example, Murdock-Portal Elementary and Faria Elementary School are tied for highest score for elementary public school in the state of California, per California 2011 API test scores. As of 2013, John F. Kennedy Middle School is the best school in the state. Lawson Middle School is the third best in the state. Furthermore, Monta Vista High School is ranked number 23 out of all the public schools in the nation.
Primary (K-8) public schools are organized into the Cupertino Union School District, while the Fremont Union High School District is responsible for high school students. Cupertino High School and its feeder school, Hyde Middle School, are located in the Rancho Rinconada section of Cupertino, while Monta Vista High School and its feeder, Kennedy Middle School, are in the Monta Vista neighborhood in the western half of Cupertino. There is also a new school called Lawson Middle School that feeds mostly Cupertino and Monta Vista High. In addition, Homestead High School is located in the northwestern portion of Cupertino, along the city border with neighboring Sunnyvale. The school system covers Cupertino plus some southern areas of Sunnyvale and Los Altos and some western areas of San Jose. Monta Vista, Lynbrook, and Cupertino High School are all noted for being some of the highest achieving public schools in the nation with many students attending Ivy League and other top institutions.
Colleges and universities
Cupertino is home to De Anza College, one of the two community colleges in the Foothill–De Anza Community College District. The University of San Francisco has satellite campuses in Cupertino.
Public libraries
Santa Clara County Library operates the Cupertino Library, which is located adjacent to city hall.[34] The library, which was redesigned and rebuilt in 2004,[35] is the busiest branch in the Santa Clara County Library system, with about 3 million items circulated annually.[36]
Weekend schools
The San Francisco Japanese School, a weekend educational program for Japanese citizen children living abroad, holds classes at J.F. Kennedy Middle School in Cupertino.[37]
Places of interest
Vallco Shopping Mall (formerly Cupertino Square and Vallco Fashion Park), at the center of Cupertino, includes department stores (including JCPenney, and Sears), an ice center, bowling, and an AMC theater complex. It hosts a farmer's market on Fridays.
Hollyhill Hummingbird Farm educates the community on growing fruit and vegetables, and raising chickens, in an organic and sustainable manner.
The scenic Deep Cliff and Blackberry Farm golf courses are located near Monta Vista High School.
The De Anza College has a large enclosed theater called the Flint Center which is the primary venue for performing arts in the West Valley that is widely used as a music hall by orchestras, such as the California Youth Symphony and the San Francisco Symphony, as well as numerous professional performers and groups. The center was also home to the unveiling of several landmark Apple Computer products, such as the Macintosh computer and the iMac.[38]
The Fujitsu Planetarium at De Anza College is the largest school Planetarium west of the Rocky Mountains and since its renovation, is one of the most modern in the world.[39]
Rancho San Antonio is a popular recreational area for hikers and biking activity. Rancho San Antonio is located between the Monta Vista area of Cupertino and the border of Los Altos.
The Cupertino Historical Society has a museum at the Cupertino Community Center, located next to Memorial Park, which houses the Cupertino Veterans Memorial as well as an amphitheater that hosts events such as summer movies and Free Shakespeare in the Park.
Notable residents (and former residents)
- Matthew Axelson – Navy SEAL who died in battle in Afghanistan and awarded the Navy Cross
- Redmond Burke – Pediatric Heart Surgeon who trained at Stanford University and Harvard Medical School
- Raymond Carver – American short story writer and poet
- Aaron Eckhart – actor
- Scott Erickson – former MLB pitcher
- Paul Fong – California politician
- Clark Glasson – golf course architect and original operator of Deep Cliff Golf Course
- Steven Gray (a.k.a. Adyashanti) – spiritual teacher
- Steve Jobs – co-founder and former CEO of Apple Inc.
- Mark Tapio Kines – an American film director, writer, producer
- David Kramer – professional soccer player
- Ronnie Lott- former defensive player for the San Francisco 49ers and Oakland Raiders
- Bryan Mantia – drummer for Primus and Guns N' Roses
- Kurt Rambis – former NBA player and head coach
- Josiah Little Pickard – retired school administrator
- Daniel Puder – mixed Martial Arts fighter/former WWE wrestler
- Fred Sablan – musician, former bassist and guitarist for Goon Moon, current bassist for Marilyn Manson
- Charlie Tagawa – Japanese immigrant and musician; National Banjo Hall of Fame inductee
- Sandy Wihtol – retired American professional baseball player
- Jeffrey Shih - popular professional Hearthstone-Streamer on twitch.tv, known as TrumpSC
Sister cities
Cupertino is twinned with:[40]
See also
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "City Council Members". Cupertino. Retrieved January 21, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "California Cities by Incorporation Date" (Word). California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Retrieved August 25, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files – Places – California". United States Census Bureau.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Cupertino". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved January 21, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Cupertino (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 25, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ US Census 2000 Data for Cupertino, CAcensus.gov, Retrieved July 10, 2007
- ↑ Don Clark (March 17, 2011). "Cupertino's Asian Population Surges". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 28, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Bay Area Census, Santa Clara County". Bay Area Census. Retrieved December 28, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Best Places to Live 2012". CNN.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The 10 Happiest Suburbs in the US". Business Insider.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "History". City of Cupertino. Retrieved March 17, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Hugger, Gail Fretwell (October 2005). "In Celebration of Cupertino: Part V". The Scene. xxiv (2): 6–7.
|url=(help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Cupertino city". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov "Demographic Profile Bay Area Census" Check
|url=value (help).<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ American FactFinder. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2013-07-29.
- ↑ American FactFinder. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2013-07-29.
- ↑ American FactFinder. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2013-07-29.
- ↑ American FactFinder. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2013-07-29.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Cupertino Eichler Info, Cupertino Eichler, June 18, 2014
- ↑ Rancho annexation complete, Cupertino Courier, March 10, 1999
- ↑ On March 4 Monta Vista annexed if not appealed Cupertino Courier, February 25, 2004
- ↑ "Cupertino : City News : Steve Jobs Presents to Cupertino City Council". cupertino.org. Retrieved October 6, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Shasta Dam – Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ Prodis Sulek, Julia (October 5, 2011). "Cupertino quarry shooting suspect who killed 3, wounded 7 still on loose". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved October 5, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Cupertino Gunman Shot By Authorities". Huffington Post. October 6, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Ferrier, Mike (December 19, 2011). "Sierra Club Files Suit Against Lehigh for Permanente Creek Pollution" (PDF). Sierra Club Press Release. Retrieved 2012-08-04.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ City of Cupertino CAFR
- ↑ "Statewide Database". UC Regents. Retrieved January 21, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "California's 17th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 14, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Mary Avenue Bicycle Footbridge Dedication,"City of Cupertino
- ↑ "Welcome to the Cupertino Library". Santa Clara County Library. Retrieved March 27, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Cupertino Library Timeline". Santa Clara County Library. Retrieved May 28, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Community known for being 'hooked on books' gets a new librarian".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "About San Francisco Japanese School." San Francisco Japanese School. Retrieved on February 23, 2014.
- ↑ "Apple has held three previous events at Flint Center". loopinsight.com. Retrieved October 6, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "De Anza Fujitsu Planetarium – Show Schedule – Astronomy and Laser Shows". deanza.edu. Retrieved October 6, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Sister Cities". City of Cupertino. Retrieved 2015-06-07.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "US-Japan Sister Cities by State". Asia Matters for America. Honolulu, HI: East-West Center. Retrieved 20 November 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
External links
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- Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013
- Official website not in Wikidata
- Cupertino, California
- 1955 establishments in California
- Cities in Santa Clara County, California
- Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
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- Populated places established in 1955
- Silicon Valley


text:
Featured Amenities
Featured Amenities
Featured Amenities
Energize Your Day
Enjoy a dip in our pool
Rise and shine with a free Daybreak continental breakfast. Relax in our 24-hour indoor pool and whirlpool. Enjoy free WiFi, laundry facilities, ample parking for any size vehicle, truck plug-ins and access to ATV/Snowmobile trail. Each room in our hotel includes a flat screen TV, microwave, and refrigerator.
Spend the Day Your Way
Dive into Wazee Lake, try gaming, and shop around Black River Falls
Our Black River Falls hotel has easy access to Black River State Forest, lush with scenic beauty. We are also a short drive from Wazee Lake Recreational Area. Play golf on the rolling greens of Skyline Golf Club, or try the table games at Ho-Chunk Gaming Black River Falls, both just four miles away. Browse one-of-a-kind treasures at Main Street Antiques, or splash with the family at nearby Hoffman Aquatic Center.
Hotel Amenities
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- The Following Features Are Not Available/Not Fully Accessible:
Plan Your Group Travel With Us
Book your wedding party, sports team, or other group travel at our hotel. Submit your request for information about special rates on blocks of rooms.


text:
Gluten free grains and flours in India
November 15, 2014
More and more people the world over suffer from some kind of gluten intolerance. It is worth listing the large variety of gluten free grains and foods available so abundantly in India .
Widely used during fasts, these grains are becoming a regular source of nutrients often substituting for wheat in the daily diet.
Gluten free grains and flours in India with local names
- Rice (all forms, even glutinous),( chawal , tandul) Common Indian foods with rice - khichadi, biryani, dosa, idli, NOT RAwa Idli,
- Corn/maize, Makka, flour made with corn Makki ka atta
- Potato, Alu
- Soy
- Tapioca/cassava, Ratalu
- Arrowroot, Araru, Araruta
- Sago – Sabudana, Indian food sabudana khichadi and vada
- Lentil/pea (besan, urid, gram flour) Besan pancakes, chila, pakodas made in besan batter
- Amaranth- Rajgira, Amaranth flour- Rajgira atta,
- Sorghum- Jowar, Sorghum flour- Jowar Atta
- Millet – Millet Flour ( bajri)
-Foxtail Millet, ( Kangni, Korra)
-Pearl millet, (Bajra)
- Finger Millet, ( Mandua, Ragi or Nachni),
-Kodo Millet, (Kodra, Varagu)
-Little MIllet, (Kutki, Samai)
-Proso Millet ( Barri, Varigulu,Baragu
- Barnyard Millet ( Jhangora,Baghar , Vari cha tandul)


text:
Smallpox: inoculation and vaccination
Smallpox pustule gauge, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1870-1930
Smallpox in the Ancient and New World
The smallpox scars on the mummified features of pharaoh Ramses V testify to our long relationship with this disease, a disease unique to humans and one that has killed millions. Spread through contact with living sufferers or the bodies of the dead, it was especially cruel on previously unexposed populations - at least one-third of all Aztecs died after Spanish colonisers brought smallpox to the New World in 1518.
Smallpox and the Elizabethans
Survivors carried the legacies of smallpox for life. Some were left blind; virtually all were disfigured by scars. From the 1500s onwards the disease reached most parts of the world and ravaged pock-marked faces were a familiar sight. Some wealthier survivors used shaped beauty patches to camouflage the damage or coated their faces with white lead powder. The ghostly pale face of Elizabeth I was as much a sign of her brush with smallpox as it was a fashion statement.
Combating the smallpox epidemic
Although damaged by smallpox, survivors gained an advantage over those left untouched - lifelong immunity. However, as immunity was not inherited, a city decimated by smallpox was ripe for another attack a generation later. The idea of pre-empting such epidemics by inducing immunity was first exploited in China. There a form of inoculation existed as early as the tenth century CE. Immunity was gained by provoking a mild form of the disease in healthy people, for example by blowing powdered smallpox scabs up their noses.
Preventing disease
This local knowledge was probably passed on by itinerant practitioners and simple word of mouth. By the early 1700s smallpox inoculation, known as variolation, had spread to parts of Africa, India and the Ottoman Empire. It was in the latter that Lady Mary Wortley Montagu encountered it in 1717, when she witnessed local peasant women performing inoculations at seasonal 'smallpox parties'. On returning to Britain, she had her children inoculated during an outbreak in 1721.
Mather, Onesimus and the epidemic in Boston
That same year, across the Atlantic, Boston was also struck by smallpox. Cotton Mather, a leading churchman, had previously been told about inoculation by Onesimus - his enslaved African worker - who had received the treatment as a child. The inoculation procedure was already practised in Africa. Inspired by Onesimus's knowledge, Mather campaigned for inoculation in the face of the growing epidemic, a call that met with some success and much hostility. But the actions of Lady Montagu, Onesimus and Cotton Mather ultimately hastened this knowledge transfer to the West.
Jenner and vaccination
Edward Jenner, an English country doctor and keen inoculator, later adapted the practice, developing a safer, more effective technique he called vaccination. Having noted that local people who caught cowpox gained immunity from the far more dangerous smallpox, he successfully induced such immunity in an experiment on a local boy, James Phipps, in 1796.
The slow decline of smallpox
Jenner's adaptation of an ancient technique was the early herald for a series of other vaccines developed in the following two centuries. Made compulsory in 1853, smallpox vaccination anticipated the culture of intensive vaccination we now see in the developed world. But missing from today's vaccine cocktail is smallpox itself. The historical head start with inoculation and its very human-centred nature long made it a candidate for eradication. A focused Global Smallpox Eradication Programme achieved that aim in 1979.
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M Best, D Neuhauser, and L Slavin, '"Cotton Mather, you dog, dam you! I'll inoculate you with this; with a pox to you'': smallpox inoculation, Boston, 1721' Quality and Safety in Healthcare, 13/1 (2004), pp 82-83
J L Carrell, The Speckled Monster: A Historical Tale of Battling Smallpox (London: E P Dutton, 2003)
N Durbach, Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853-1907 (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005)
F Fenner et al, Smallpox and its Eradication (Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1988) Available at http://whqlibdoc.who.int/smallpox/9241561106.pdf
I Glynn and J Glynn, Life and Death of Smallpox (London: Profile Books, 2004)
J B Tucker Scourge: The Once and Future Threat of Smallpox (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2001)
The condition of being immune, the protection against infectious disease conferred either by the immune response generated by immunisation or previous infection or by other nonimmunologic factors.
Viral infection of cows' udders, transmitted to humans by direct contact, causing very mild symptoms similar to smallpox.


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Livingston County Spoken Language Statistics
Millions of Americans speak languages other than English in their homes. The American Community Survey (ACS), conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, publishes detailed estimates on spoken language statistics across the United States each year.
Unlike the Census—which is an exact count of people and households every ten years—ACS statistics are estimated based on a representative survey sample. For locations with populations under 60,000, the ACS is only available in 5-year estimates, rather than single-year periods. The 5-year estimates provide greater geographical granularity but a less granular time period.
How many residents speak non-English languages in their homes in Livingston County, New York? How many are native or foreign-born ?
Indo-European languages include a huge swath of spoken languages, ranging from French to Farsi, along with the many languages spoken on the Indian subcontinent. (English and Spanish are also Indo-European languages, but are recorded in separate categories.)
Asian and Pacific Island languages include Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Vietnamese, and languages spoken by indigenous people of Australia along with other Pacific cultures.
The Other language category includes Afro-Asiatic languages such as Arabic and Hebrew, as well as Native American languages.


text: Find this wine Find this wine Chocolate Shop Lovers Wine Recommended Tasty and strange. Chocolate, cherry and rich flavors make this wine an acquired taste. Most wine dabblers won't like it Pin It Tweet 7 years ago by Kenneth H. More posts Chocolate Shop The Chocolate Lover's Wine Bottle Decent. Sweet and chocolate flavored. 6/10 4 years ago by Amber C. Chocolate Shop Lovers Wine Chocolate wine given to us from nancy 2011 6 years ago by Pearcey Chocolate Shop Chocolate Lovers Wine Chocolate candy bar in a glass 7 years ago by Ingrid H. Chocolate Shop Chocolate Lover's Wine VERY chocolatey--- not sure it's as "natural" as they claim. 8 years ago by Nicole E. Chocolate Shop Chocolate Lover's Wine Chocolate covered cherries in a bottle! 8 years ago by Sherri S.


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Penetratin is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), also known as a protein transduction domain (PTD), of which the first 16 amino acids are derived from the third helix of the Antennapedia protein homeodomain. Penetratin linked to a phosphodiester oligonucleotide is capable of permeating through neuronal cell membranes and down-regulating genes.
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Wouldn't you love to host a Snowflake Soiree this season?
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text:
June 20th, 2012 12:02 AM by Lori Speight
By Julie Schmit, USA TODAY
CITRUS HEIGHTS, Calif. – Alex Dorado thought that buying his first home was going to be easy.
Dorado, 25, found his first love in February, a 1,200-square-footer in this Sacramento-area suburb. Before he put his offer in, he took his parents to see "where I was going to live," only to discover the house was already sold.
He lost more than a dozen other bids on homes, often to cash-packing investors, before he landed a $134,000 fixer-upper in May with a low-down-payment Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loan. Now, he's upgrading the home, which sits on a blue-collar street with dented cars parked in two nearby driveways.
As the nation's housing market shows signs of bottoming after years of declining prices, many first-time buyers such as Dorado are getting a rude awakening. Instead of having their pick of homes to buy in some markets, they're losing houses to cash buyers and bidders with bigger down payments, or they're facing bidding wars spurred by shrinking numbers of homes for sale.
The competition can be most evident for lower-price homes in markets hard-hit by foreclosure, such as Phoenix, Miami and parts of Southern California, or those with relatively strong economies, such as Washington, D.C., and San Francisco, Realtors say.
First-time buyers who use FHA loans might be in for the toughest time. They're frequently low-down-payment bidders. FHA loans might also require sellers to do more home repairs than do other loans, such as fixing chipped paint on older homes, Realtors and lenders say. If sellers receive multiple offers, they may avoid FHA offers.
"FHA buyers are getting pushed to the bottom of the pile," says Brian Cross, a Phoenix-area Realtor for Keller Williams Realty. "It's much different than a year ago."
Even first-time buyers with conventional loans and 20% down payments have been surprised by the competition.
"I thought it was a buyer's market ripe for the picking," says Jason Leggett, 25, an aerospace engineer at John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory near Washington, D.C. He recently bought his first home, beating four other bidders.
Before that, he'd lost out on six offers. He probably won his $459,000 colonial because he had guaranteed financing, Leggett says.
Rates low, but loans difficult
Nationwide, 35% of existing single-family home buyers in April were first-timers, according to the National Association of Realtors. In healthier times, first timers account for 40% to 45% of the market, says NAR chief economist Lawrence Yun. Tight credit and a still-shaky economy have kept many first-timers out of the housing market, he says.
But low interest rates are luring more buyers, as are home prices that are down 35% from their 2006 peak.
Dorado decided to buy after discovering that it would cost less than renting. One-bedroom apartments in his area ran about $950 a month. His mortgage, after putting about 3.5% down with an FHA loan and securing a 3.875% interest rate, runs $925 a month. That includes everything but utilities.
"And I have three bedrooms and a pool," says Dorado.
It now costs more to rent than to own a home in 98 of the top 100 U.S. metropolitan areas, says real estate website Trulia, which tracks rents and home prices. In some of those markets, however, the inventory of homes for sale has shrunk.
In May, Phoenix had 66% fewer lower-price homes listed for sale than it did a year ago, says an analysis by real estate website Zillow. It counted listings in the bottom, middle and top price ranges in 100 leading markets.
While the bottom tier nationwide experienced an average 12% decline overall, Las Vegas, Colorado Springs and San Francisco saw more than a 50% drop, Zillow's data show.
Inventories also shrank faster than the national average in Minneapolis; Charleston, S.C.; Seattle; Washington, D.C.; Miami; and parts of Southern California, Zillow says.
Since February, Lucy Redonda, 25, has lost 10 bids she made on townhomes in Miami. Cash buyers have been her nemesis, she says. To counter, she got more aggressive, moving from bids just under the asking price, to asking, to $5,000 above, then to $15,000 more.
"I still didn't get the home," says the registered nurse.
Finally, she raised her down payment, from 10% to 25%, and scored a win for a $120,000 condominium.
In Dorado's part of Citrus Heights, home listings have shrunk rapidly. As of mid-May, the area had less than a month's supply of homes for sale, based on the current pace of sales, says Joanie Cubias, of Lyon Real Estate, which tracks such data. That's down from a three-month supply a year ago. Realtors consider a six-month supply a balanced market.
As with Redonda in Miami, Dorado also had to raise his Citrus Heights home-shopping tactics.
He looked at dozens of houses. He scoured real estate listings constantly. He discovered that new ones hit the Redfin real estate site at midnight. If he liked one, he'd tour it the next morning.
Before, he'd visit homes with his Realtor on weekends. They'd arrive, and "people would be waiting in cars" to get their turn to tour the house, he says.
The power of cash
First-time buyers are running into tough opponents in cash buyers. They accounted for almost a third of existing home sales in March and April, the National Association of Realtors says. Before the housing crash, cash buyers accounted for less than 10% of sales, NAR says.
More than 53% of first-time home buyers use FHA loans, the April Campbell/Inside Mortgage Finance HousingPulse Tracking Survey indicates.
FHA loans have a minimum down payment of 3.5% and take weeks to close. Conventional loans have bigger down payments and can close faster, Realtors say.
Cash deals close fastest, and they don't involve an appraisal, which lenders require before they make loans. Sellers like cash offers because there's less risk that they'll fall through, so they most often win, says Phoenix-area Realtor Keith Krone.
Krone recently listed a $125,000 bank-owned home and got 11 offers in two days. The winning bid? An investment company paying $130,000 in cash. Some bidders offered more but required financing, Krone says.
Through the years, FHA appraisals have become more aligned with those for conventional loans, FHA lenders say. But there are still differences, mostly on health and safety issues.
An FHA appraisal, for instance, will look for chipping, peeling or cracked paint on older homes. If found, FHA says "it's got to be fixed," says appraiser Fred Ebert of La Verne, Calif., who does both types of appraisals. The concern is that the paint may contain lead, a health hazard. A conventional appraisal would likely leave that decision to the buyer, Ebert says.
An FHA appraisal might also require that hand rails be put in stairwells, something a conventional appraisal likely wouldn't require, says Mike Lyon, head of operations for Quicken Loans, the nation's No. 2 FHA lender.
Some sellers reject FHA offers because they don't want to "deal with repair requests from FHA lenders," says Redfin real estate agent Sonal Basu, who works in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Lyon also says FHA home-loan purchases have a higher probability of not closing than do conventional loan purchases, in part because of appraisal issues and also because FHA borrowers tend to have more limited finances.
FHA's appraisal standards don't have any "extraordinary requirements" beyond those for conventional loans, says Brian Sullivan, spokesman for the Department of Housing and Urban Development, which oversees FHA. Pre-sale health and safety repairs protect borrowers, especially since they may not have funds after the purchase to do repairs, he says.
Sometimes, FHA buyers don't even make it to the appraisal stage.
Dan and Sarit Biegel recently purchased a home in Irvine, Calif., using an FHA loan. They started shopping in February and found one house they loved. They made an offer and heard nothing. Thinking they'd improve their chances, they wrote a letter to the seller explaining how much they loved the house. Unbeknownst to them, the seller had received at least 10 other offers and had accepted one of them.
"Because we were FHA, they didn't even get to our offer," says Dan Biegel, 33, a software marketer.
The Biegels later won against four other bidders. Meeting the seller helped, Biegel says. She told the couple she didn't want her house to go to an investor, Biegel says.
Rising prices could boost supply
Home inventories have shrunk because fewer foreclosures are coming to market. Many homeowners don't want to sell, because they don't have enough equity in their homes. Others are waiting for higher prices.
"They've waited out five years of declining prices and don't want to sell at the bottom," says Stan Humphries, a Zillow economist. As home prices increase, more sellers will likely emerge, he says, which will add inventory. Or, buyers might back off if the economy softens.
Brent Harlow, 36, of Seattle, is betting that prices won't rise fast enough to justify getting into bidding wars now.
In May, the Seattle area had a 1.7-month supply of homes for sale, according to the Northwest Multiple Listing Service.
Harlow, a Boeing engineer, has been shopping for his first home since April. He explored making offers on four homes. Cash buyers had already bid them out of his range, he says. He might wait on a home purchase to see if the market cools. To successfully compete for a home "feels too rushed," he says.
Dorado is happy to be across the finish line.
Since he moved into his formerly bank-owned home in May, he's cleaned the pool, turning black water to blue. His hydrangeas, which were almost dead, are in full bloom. He's repainted chipped paint, outside and in. The home that sat vacant for a year is now one of the snappiest on the block.
"This looks like a completely different house," Dorado says.


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More than 40 University of Virginia students have received antibiotics after another student was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.
Executive director of student health Dr. James Turner says the infected student is recovering.
Turner tells The Daily Progress (http://bit.ly/U9L0i8 ) that 47 students who had direct contract with the infected student have been treated for the disease.
Bacterial meningitis is a potentially fatal disease. Early onset symptoms include fever, headache, a stiff neck, nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light.