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Difference between revisions of "South Africa"
Revision as of 02:57, 3 December 2010
South Africa [53] is located at the southern tip of Africa. It is bordered by Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Swaziland and Lesotho (which is completely surrounded by South Africa). It is a vast country with widely varying landscapes and has 11 official languages, as well as an equally diverse population. South Africa is renowned for its wines and is one of the world's largest producers of gold. South Africa has a strong economy and is an influential player in African politics. In 2010, South Africa hosted the first Football World Cup to be held on the African continent.
If you want to travel in southern Africa then South Africa is a good place to start. While you can fly into any country in southern Africa, most flights will route through South Africa anyway. South Africa is also a good place to get used to traveling in the region (though some would argue that Namibia is better for that). Of course South Africa is not only a jumping off point, it is itself a superb destination rich in culture, fauna & flora and history.
Outsiders' views of South Africa are colored by the same stereotypes as the rest of Africa. Contrary to popular belief, South Africa is not devastatingly poor with an unstable government that is rapidly going to pot. Although the rural part of South Africa remains among the poorest and the least developed parts of the world and poverty in the townships can be appalling, progress is being made. The process of recovering from apartheid, which lasted almost 46 years, is quite slow. In fact, South Africa's United Nations Human Development Index which was slowly improving in the final years of apartheid, has declined dramatically since 1996, largely due to the AIDS pandemic, and poverty levels appear to be on the increase. South Africa boasts a well-developed infrastructure and has all the modern amenities and technologies, much of it developed during the years of white minority rule. The government is stable, although corruption is common. The government and the primary political parties generally have a high level of respect for democratic institutions and human rights, although the government's support of the misrule of neighboring Zimbabwe's Robert Mugabe has raised questions about its commitment to human rights and even democracy itself.
The tip of Africa has been home to the Khoisan (collective name for Hottentot (Koi) and Bushmen (San)) people for thousands of years. Their rock art can still be found in many places throughout South Africa. Bantu tribes started expanding into Southern Africa around 2,500 years ago and by around 500 AD the different cultural groups as we know them today had been established in the area.
The first permanent European settlement was built after the Dutch East India Company reached the Cape of Good Hope in April 1652. In the late 1700s, the Boers (the settling farmers) slowly started expanding into the interior. In 1795, Britain took control of the Cape and in 1820, a large group of British Settlers arrived in the region. In 1835, large numbers of Boers started out on the Groot Trek into the interior after becoming dissatisfied with the British rule. In the interior, they established their own republics after a number of bloody conflicts with the local population.
Two wars for control over the region were fought between the Boers and the British in 1880 and 1899. This was when the British contained the Boer population in the first modern concentration camps.
The Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, consolidating the various Boer republics and British colonies. From this, the Republic of South Africa was formed in 1961. Non-Europeans were largely excluded in all these political changes and, even with the creation of the Union, were not given the right to vote. From 1948, additional apartheid laws were introduced to erode the right of the black population further. Since then, South Africa (at least the government itself), became almost synonymous with fascism, racism, and many other pejorative descriptions. In the years to follow, the country, despite having strong economic growth until the 1980s, experienced frequent uprisings and other social disturbances in response to the apartheid laws. Among them: weapons embargoes, being banned from the Olympic Games, and deliberate violations of the laws by black radicals.
In 1992, 68% of the voting white population voted in a referendum to have the apartheid system abolished. This was quickly followed by a new constitution in 1993 and the first fully democratic election in 1994.
Place names
Many region, city, street and building names in South Africa have been changed after the end of apartheid and some of them are still being changed today. These changes can sometimes lead to confusion as many of the new names are not yet well known. This travel guide will use the official new names, but also mention the previous names where possible.
The climate in South Africa ranges from desert and semi-desert in the north west of the country to sub-tropical on the eastern coastline. The rainy season for most of the country is in the summer, except in the Western Cape where the rains come in the winter. Rainfall in the Eastern Cape is distributed evenly throughout the year. Winter temperatures hover around zero, summers can be very hot, in excess of 35 Celsius in some places.
The South African Weather Service [54] provide up to date weather information, forecasts and radar imaging.
Public Holidays
The public holidays in South Africa are:
If a public holiday falls on a Sunday, then the Monday following will be a holiday
School holidays [55] occur early December to middle January, early in April, middle June to middle July and late September. Most South Africans go on leave during these times and accommodation will be harder to find.
Tourism Offices
South African Tourism operates a number of offices in other countries. You might wish to contact the office in your country for any additional information or assistance
South Africa is divided into 9 provinces, they are:
Other destinations
National Parks
South Africa is a paradise for anyone interested in natural history. A wide range of species (some potentially dangerous) may be encountered in parks, farms, private reserves and even on the roads.
See African Flora and Fauna and South African National Parks for additional information. There are hiking trails available in almost all the parks and around geographical places of interest, Hiking in South Africa contains information on those.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Get in
The following nationalities do not need a visa for a stay of 90 days or less: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Botswana, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Paraguay, Portugal, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zimbabwe, and citizens of British Overseas Territories.
The following nationalities do not need a visa for a stay of 30 days or less: Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Gabon, Guyana, Hong Kong, Hungary, Jordan, Lesotho, Macau, Malaysia, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Peru, Poland, Seychelles, Slovakia, South Korea, Swaziland, Thailand, Turkey, and Zambia.
Do not show up without a visa if you are required to have one, as visas will not be issued at points of entry. If needed, you can extend your visa in South Africa. With an extension the total amount of time you are allowed to stay is 6 months. Additional information as well as Visa application forms can be found at the Department of Home Affairs [60] , ph: +27 (0)12 810 8911
The Department of Home Affairs is notoriously inefficient, so make sure to apply for visas and visa extensions as early as possible.
Make sure you have 2 blank pages back to back in your passport and that it is valid for at least 30 days after your intended date of departure, or you will be sent back! Make sure you have a return ticket available or they will send you back. If you need to pick up a ticket at the airport have the flight number and details handy and speak with the customs guy, they should check your story out and let you in (be firm). Be wary of arriving with a damaged passport as new security measures might trip up your entry.
By plane
South Africa has 10 international airports, the two major ones being Cape Town International and OR Tambo International Airport in Johannesburg.Durban International Airport is the third biggest airport. Regular Flights from and to: Blantyre, Cairo, Gaborone, Dar es Salaam, Harare, Lilongwe, Livingstone, Luanda, Lusaka, Kinshasa, Maputo, Manzini, Maun, Mauritius, Nairobi, Victoria Falls and Windhoek.
Direct flights also arrive from major European centres, including: Amsterdam, Athens, Madrid, London, Paris, Istanbul, Frankfurt, Munich, Zurich and Lisbon. There are also direct flights from Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Doha, New York, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., Buenos Aires, Mumbai, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur, Sao Paulo, Singapore, Sydney and Perth. You may also want to have a look at Discount airlines in Africa.
See Air travel in South Africa for detailed information.
By car
Should you be entering from one of the other countries in Southern Africa you might want to do so by car. South Africa operates a number of land border posts between itself and immediately neighboring countries. The more commonly used ones are:
Botswana border
Lesotho border
Mozambique border
Namibia border
Swaziland border
Zimbabwe border
Open times are often extended during South African holidays.. For a full list of entry ports or any additional information see the South African Border Information Service [61] or contact them on +27 (0)86 026-7337.
By boat
Most of the larger cruise lines, such as Princess Cruises [62] offer Cape Town as one of their destinations, but you can also try something different
Get around
By plane
South Africa has a well established domestic air travel infrastructure with links between all major centers.
See Air travel in South Africa for detailed information.
By car
Road Safety Advice for foreigners driving in South Africa[63]
All measurements use the metric system; distances on road signs are in kilometers (1 mile = 1.6 km) and fuel is sold by the litre (1 US gallon = 3.8 litres).
To acquire a car in South Africa, there are basically three options: you can hire a car, buy one or use the so-called buy-back option. Hiring a car is fairly easy and bookings can be made online and in all major cities, although you can get better rates by calling some of the smaller operators. Buying a car takes a bit more work (Roadworthy license, registering the car, insurance), but there is a lively used car market in South Africa. The third option is a combination of both, as you buy a car with a guarantee that the rental company will buy-back your car at the end of the contract.
Most cars in South Africa have manual transmissions and the selection of second-hand automatics may be limited.
Rules of the Road
Road traffic in South Africa (and its neighboring countries) drives on the left.
Make sure you understand the South African road signs[64].
A special kind of crossing is the 'four way stop' where the car that stops first has right of way.
You will not encounter many traffic circles[65], but when you do, take special care since the general attitude of South African drivers is that traffic circles do not constitute a traffic management roadway structure. They do not use their indicators in a safe and predictable fashion, if at all.
A noticeable number of South Africans tend to ignore speed limits. They are prone to selfish or aggressive driving behavior, such as tailgating and hooting. On multi-lane roadways, the principle of keep-left, pass right, is often not adhered to.
Left (or right) turns on red at traffic lights are illegal. You will, however, find traffic lights and 'four way stops' that have an accompanying yield sign explicitly permitting a left turn.
The wearing of seat belts is compulsory. The front seat occupants of a car are required to wear seat belts while traveling, and for your own safety, it is recommended that those in the rear seats do so as well. If you are caught without that, you will be subjected to a fine.
The use of hand-held cell (mobile) phones whilst in control of a vehicle is illegal. If you need to speak on your cell phone, use either a vehicle phone attachment or a hands-free kit. Or even better (and safer), pull off the road and stop. NOTE: only pull off the road at safe places, e.g. a petrol station. Pulling over and stopping along roads can be dangerous. The majority of petrol stations are open 24hrs.
South Africa has a high rate of traffic accidents. You should at all times exercise extra caution when driving, especially at night in urban areas. Watch out for unsafe drivers (minibus taxis), poor lighting, cyclists (many of whom seem not to know about the "drive on the left" rule) and pedestrians (who are the cause of many accidents, especially at night). When driving outside of the major cities, you will often encounter animals, wild and domestic, in or near the roadway. The locals tend to herd their cattle and goats near the road. If you see an animal on or by the road, slow down, as they are unpredictable. Do not stop to feed wild animals!
Should you find yourself waiting at a red traffic light late at night in an area where you do not feel safe, you could (illegally) cross over the red light after first carefully checking that there is no other traffic. If you receive a fine due to a camera on the traffic light, you can sometimes have it waived by writing a letter to the traffic department or court explaining that you crossed safely and on purpose, due to security reasons. The fact remains that, for whatever reason, you have broken the law. Do not make a habit of this.
When stopped at a traffic light at night, always leave enough room between your car and the car in front of you so you can get around them. It is a common hijacking maneuver to box your car in. This is especially prevalent in the suburbs of Johannesburg.
So far as possible, and especially when driving in urban areas, try not to have any belongings visible inside the car - keep them out of sight in the glove boxes or in the boot (trunk). The same applies, but even more so, when parking your car. It is also considered safe practice to drive in urban areas with the car windows closed and the doors locked. These simple precautions will make things less attractive for potential thieves and criminals.
As you would do in any other country, always be alert when driving. The safest way is to drive defensively and assume that the other driver is about to do something stupid / dangerous / illegal.
Road System
Speed limits are usually clearly indicated. Generally, speed limits on highways are 120km/h, those on major roads outside built-up areas are 100 km/h, those on major roads within built-up areas are 80km/h and those on normal city/town roads are 60 km/h. But beware - in some areas, the posted speed limits may change suddenly and unexpectedly.
The roads within South Africa, connecting most major cities, and between its immediate neighbors are very good. There are many national and regional road connecting the cities and larger centers, including the N1 running from Cape Town through Johannesburg and Pretoria up to Harare, Zimbabwe, the N2 running from Cape Town to Durban, which passes through the world-famous Garden Route near Knysna, and the N3 between Durban and Johannesburg.
Some portions of the national roads are limited access, dual carriage freeways (the N3 between Johannesburg and Durban is freeway almost all the way) and some sections are also toll roads with emergency assist telephones every couple of kilometers. Toll roads generally have two or more lanes in each direction.
The large fuel companies have rest stops every 200-300 km along these highways where you can fill up, eat at a restaurant, buy takeaways, do some shopping or just stretch your legs. Restrooms at these facilities are well maintained and clean. Most (but not all) of these rest stops also have ATMs.
Some of the main roads have only one lane in each direction, especially where they are far from urban centers. When driving on such a road, after passing a truck or other slow-moving vehicle that has moved onto the hard shoulder (often marked by a yellow line) to let you pass, it is customary to flash your hazard lights once. This is considered a thank you and you will most likely receive a my pleasure response in the the form of the slow vehicle flashing its headlights once. Bear in mind that it is both illegal and dangerous to drive on the hard shoulder - although many people do.
In many rural areas, you will find unpaved "dirt" roads. Most of these are perfectly suitable for a normal car, although a reduced speed might often be advisable. Extra caution is required when driving on these road, especially when encountering other traffic - windscreens and lights broken by flying stones are not uncommon.
Whilst it is not yet compulsory, more and more drivers are adopting the practice of driving with their headlights on at all times. This greatly increases their visibility to other road users.
Fuel Stations
Fuel stations are full service with lead free petrol, lead replacement petrol and diesel available. Pump attendants will offer to wash your windscreen and check oil and water in addition to just filling up the car. It is usual to tip the attendant approximately R5 - if you don't have change filling up R195, for example, and let the attendant keep the change, it is a courteous idea. Most fuel stations are open 24 hours a day.
The N1 between Gauteng and Cape Town and the N3 between Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal can become very busy at the start and end of Gauteng school holidays, due to many people from Gauteng spending their holidays at the coast. If you are planning on using these two highways, it is wise to try and avoid the two days after schools break up and the two days before they open again. School holiday calendars for South Africa can be found here. [66]
The N3 normally has a Highway Customer Care line during busy periods, ph: 0800 203 950, it can be used to request assistance for breakdowns, accidents or general route information. Current toll fees, road and traffic condition can also be found on the N3 website [67].
Fuel stations do NOT take credit cards. From a tourist perspective, it's CASH ONLY.
The Law
Law enforcement (speed and other violations) is usually done by portable or stationary, radar or laser cameras. Local police forces, especially in rural areas, direct a lot of their efforts in to fining motorists. Non camera portable radar and laser systems are also used and you may be pulled over for speeding (or other violations) and given a written fine. Fines can be sent to the registered address of the vehicle you are driving, but paying on-the-spot fines is also common, usually the policeman will hold your license whilst you go to the local police station to pay the fine, you get a receipt, and drive back to where you were stopped hand the receipt over to to the policeman get your license back - this can take a good hour or more, which can be more of an annoyance than the R400 fine.
In general, the police are pretty honest, but they do respond to politeness and deference to their authority. You may find that when a traffic police officer stops you they will ask for some fairly ludicrous piece of paperwork (a letter from the Ministry... the cars road worthiness certificate...) and that you are in lots of trouble if you don't have it - be firm, cool and friendly and state that you understand that all you need is a drivers license etc. In general, the police want an easy life and can't be bothered to argue for ages if they think you aren't going to offer a 'tip'.
South Africa currently does not have a merits system and does not share traffic violation information with other nations.
Licence Requirements
If your driver's licence is in any of South Africa's 11 official languages (e.g. English) and it contains a photo and your signature integrated into the licence document, then it is legally acceptable as a valid driver's licence in South Africa. However, some car rental and insurance companies may still insist that you provide an International Driver's Permit.
It is generally best practice to acquire an International Driver's Permit in your country of origin, prior to starting your journey, regardless of whether your licence is legally acceptable or not.
One individual always travels with a hired car in South Africa (at least one month per year) and never had a international drivers permit, just a Dutch driver's licence, perfectly acceptable.
Note that police will ask for a bribe (between R200 to R600) if you produce a foreign driver's licence (see also Stay safe section). Don't pay it, ask for their name and ID number and report them.
Useful links
By motorhome
With the abundance of caravan parks available in South Africa, motor homes are becoming ever more popular with international visitors. It gives you the freedom to move around as well as a place to stay wherever you are.
A number of companies offer motor home rentals
By offroad vehicle
Should you want to wander off the beaten path, a 4x4 or other high clearance vehicle might be required. Often it is possible to have camping gear included with the vehicle rental allowing you to combine your transport and accommodation requirements in one.
By bus
There are scheduled bus services between Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban and other cities (with stops in between), as well as connections to neighboring countries. The main bus companies are:
Booking for the above can also be done via Computicket [70] .
Smaller services include City Bug [71] and Lowveld Link [72] .
An alternative is the Baz Bus [73] . It offers a regular hop-on-hop-off service on some of the most interesting routes for the tourist (Cape Town to Durban via the Garden Route; Durban to Johannesburg via Swaziland; Durban to Johannesburg via the Drakensberg). Baz Bus picks you up and drops you off at many hostels along the route, so you don't have to hang around at a downtown bus stop at night.
If you're really in a pinch, you can use minibus taxis. They are poorly maintained and rarely comply with safety standards. They also require patience as they make many detours and changeovers at the taxi rank (hub) where the driver will wait for passengers to fill up the bus. But they cover many routes not covered by the main bus service and are quite cheap (25 cents per kilometer per person on the main routes).
Warning: Many buses are removed from service by the police, due to lack of legal road-worthiness. Seek up-to-date advice on which companies are more reputable. Occasionally, the driving can be rather wild, and if you're prone to motion sickness, be prepared.
By train
The Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA) [74] is the national rail operator. There are budget passenger services between major South African cities (known as Shosholoza Meyl [75]) as well as luxury services (known as Premier Classe [76]) between Johannesburg, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth and Durban.
Central Reservations (for both Shosholoza Meyl and Premier Classe) can be contacted as follows :
To book tickets, phone Central Reservations on one of the numbers given above and make your booking. You can pick up and pay for the tickets later at any train station.
There are also commuter trains in larger cities (Johannesburg, Pretoria, Cape Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth and East London) ; these are run by MetroRail [77] . Most services are perfectly safe, but certain routes are overcrowded and not always safe.
By thumb
Hitchhiking in South Africa is not so hard, but most people will think you are catching a ride with the local taxis and thus expect you to pay. You may want to tell them you are looking for a free ride before climbing aboard. The main issue is crime: some drivers may hijack you and your belongings. Hitchhiking is generally frowned upon and considered unsafe. Drivers are also wary of potentially criminal hitchhikers. Never hitchhike at night.
By bicycle
Cycling is probably the best way to experience the country, as you really get to admire the views and get the opportunity to mingle with the locals. While it could be considered unsafe to cycle through the cities, because of crime and reckless drivers, there are many farm/dirt roads throughout South Africa. Locals and Farmers are generally willing to provide you with food and a place to sleep, as long as you are willing to talk.
South Africa has 11 official languages, namely Afrikaans, Southern Ndebele, Xhosa, Zulu, Swazi, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Tswana, Tsonga, Venda and English. Most people other than rural black Africans speak English as second language. Only about 8% of the population speak English as a first language, almost exclusively in the white population which is ironically declining as a first language, while it is already a lingua franca among South Africans, and about 60% of the population can understand English. South African English is heavily influenced by Afrikaans. Afrikaans is also widely spoken, especially by the majority of the white and coloured population. Often Afrikaans is incorrectly called 'afrikan' or 'african' by foreigners. Note this is very incorrect as 'African' for a South African corresponds with the native-African languages: Zulu, Xhosa, Pedi etc. (and, of course, there are thousands of languages in Africa so no single language can be called 'African') Afrikaans has roots in 17th century Dutch dialects, so it can be understood by Dutch speakers and sometimes deciphered by German speakers. Other widely spoken languages are Zulu (mainly in KwaZulu-Natal - South Africa's largest single linguistic group) and Xhosa (mainly in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape), as well as Sotho and Venda. This changes, according to the region you are in.
A few words you may encounter are:
In general, English spelling follows British rules rather than American; litre rather than liter, centre rather than center, etc.
The currency is the Rand (ZAR), divided into 100 cents (c). Notes are in denominations of R200, R100, R50, R20 and R10. Higher value notes are slightly larger in physical size than small value notes. All notes have a metallic security strip and a watermark. Note that there are two types of R5 coins in circulation. One is a silver-colored coin while the other is silver-colored with a copper insert. Both are legal currency.
Coins are in denominations of R5, R2, R1, 50c, 20c, 10c and 5c. Production of 2c and 1c coins was suspended in April 2002, but those still in circulation remain legal tender. All transactions are rounded down to the nearest lower 5c, so as not to require the use of 2c and 1c coins.
Rough conversion [78] rates (October 2010) are: 6.9:1 (USD), 9.6:1 (EUR) and 10.9:1 (GBP). Carry one of the above currencies, as conversion between any of them and the Rand can be done at any bank without trouble. South Africa is part of the Southern African Common Monetary Area and the Rand can be used in Namibia (where it is an official currency along with the Namibian Dollar) as well as Lesotho and Swaziland (where it is widely accepted, but not an official currency)
Traveler's Checks are a safe way of carrying money around. You can exchange them at all banks (which are found throughout the country even in rural areas) and you will get a refund if they are stolen. The disadvantage is that you cannot pay with them and you will need change when exchanging them into Rand. Use ATMs instead if possible.
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), linked to all major international networks, are available throughout the country and will generally dispense money in a mixture of denominations between R200 and and R10, with about 80% of the value requested being high value notes and the rest in smaller denominations. You can use any Cirrus or Maestro card as well as all major credit and debit cards at the ATMs.
It is best to use only ATMs that are inside a mall or other building. Always be careful to make sure no one is watching you enter your PIN, and be vigilant about scams (e.g. machines that seem to eat your card and won't give it back after you enter the PIN). The till points at some major retail stores (such as Pick 'n Pay) also act as ATMs; simply tell the checkout clerk that you would like to withdraw money.
VISA and MasterCard's are accepted almost everywhere, while American Express and Diners Club are also accepted, but not as widely.
Most retail stores accept credit cards and pin based debit cards as payment.
VAT (Value Added Tax) is levied at 14% on almost all products in South Africa. By law, advertised prices should be inclusive of VAT except when explicitly stated otherwise. Foreign passport holders may claim back the VAT on products that were bought in South Africa and are being taken out of the country, provided that the total value of the goods exceeds R250. Full details of the procedure to follow are available from the Department of Foreign Affairs [79] and their new TAX Refund for tourists [80] site. VAT Refund Administrator's offices are available at both Johannesburg (O.R. Tambo) and Cape Town International Airports.
Petrol and Diesel
Liquid fuel prices in South Africa are regulated and are fixed by region monthly. In general petrol is cheaper near the ports (Durban, Cape town, Port Elizabeth). In October 2010 a litre of petrol would cost around R8.00. See the current prices [81] .
Toll roads
The most expensive toll gate in South Africa is the Machado plaza on the N4 between Pretoria and Nelspruit, cost is R49 for a normal car. In total, road tolls between Pretoria and Nelspruit or between Johannesburg and Cape Town will cost you just under R100.
Prices in shops are fixed, but prices in open markets or from street vendors are open to barter. Tipping is the norm in restaurants and at gas-stations (which are all full-service). Indeed, most of these businesses pay their staff the legal minimum-wage, relying on customer-tips to bring staff incomes up to live-able levels. Tips of around 10% of the bill are considered the norm.
Most restaurants and even pubs have been declared "smoke-free" areas. In some restarants you will find a dedicated smokers area where children are not allowed. Rule of thumb is to check for an ashtray on your table. You will, however, in all probability be greeted at the door of the stablishment with a "smoking-or-nonsmoking". Check as smoking in non-designated areas are not permitted and you'll be met with some rude gestures.
South African cuisine is just as diverse as its cultures, with influences from British, Dutch, German, Indian, Malay, Portuguese and of course all the indigenous tribes.
Fast food
You will find the usual array of international fast food outlets. McDonalds, KFC and Wimpy are well represented throughout the country.
Local franchises worth mentioning are Black Steer and Steers for the best burgers and Nando's [82] peri-peri chicken.
Pizza delivery is available in most urban areas.
Municipal tap water is usually safe to drink. In some area such as Hartebeespoort Dam, it is advisable to boil your water before drinking.
The legal age to purchase and drink alcohol in South Africa is 18. Almost all restaurants are licensed to serve liquor.
Be very careful if offered witblits or mampoer; those are the local names for moonshine or firewater. They have extremely high alcohol content and pack a lethal blow.
Local beer production is dominated by SABMiller [83] with Castle, Hansa, Black Label and Castle Milk Stout being most popular brands.
Imported beers such as Stella Artois and Grolsch are also widely available.
The Namibian Windhoek brand beers are also popular and generally available.
Prices can vary widely depending on the establishment. Expect to pay anything from R7 to R18 for a beer.
South Africa has a well established wine industry with most of the wine produced concentrated in the Cape Winelands in the Western Cape and along the Orange River in the Northern Cape
Amarula Cream [84] is made from the marula fruit. The marula fruit is a favorite treat for African elephants, baboons and monkeys and in the liqueur form definitely not something to be passed over by humans. Pour over crushed ice and enjoy. The taste, color and texture is very similar to the world famous Baileys Irish Cream. Cape Velvet is a favorite in and around Cape Town.
Tea and Coffee
The local Rooibos tea, made from a herb from the Cederberg Mountains is a favorite for many South Africans. You will find coffee shops in most shopping malls, such as Mugg&Bean [85] and House of Coffees [86] . Coffee shops similar in concept to Starbucks, like Seattle Coffee Company and Vida e Caffe [87] (Portuguese themed), are becoming commonplace.
Establishments in South Africa can have themselves graded by the Tourism Grading Council of South Africa [88] on a 5 star basis. Many establishments make use of this service and you will see the star grading displayed on most advertising material.
There are a number of Hotel chains that operate nationally
Backpacker Lodges
Backpacking lodges or hostels are widespread all over the country. Most establishments offer great value tours and activities in the areas. There is a great network of transport around the country making it suitable for single and younger travelers. Some lodges provide meals especially in the more remote areas. Most have self catering facilities and shared bathrooms although en-suite bathrooms are also common. Backpacking South Africa [89]
Bed and Breakfast establishments are becoming very popular. The accommodation is usually provided in a family (private) home and the owner/manager lives in the house or on the property. Breakfast is usually served. Bathroom facilities may be en-suite. In general, the guest shares the public areas with the host family.
Self Catering
A house, cottage, chalet, bungalow, flat, studio, apartment, villa, houseboat, tents or similar accommodation where facilities and equipment are provided for guests to cater for themselves. (This can include a fridge, oven, stove, microwave etc...) The facilities should be adequate to cater for the maximum advertised number of residents the facility can accommodate.
Guest House
A guest house is either a converted house, manor, etc adapted to accommodate overnight guests or it may be a purpose built facility. A guest house is run as a commercial operation and is often owner-managed. A guest house has areas which are for the exclusive use of the guest. The owner/manager either lives off-site, or in a separate area within the property.
Camping and caravaning
Caravan parks can be found in most towns that are holiday destinations. Most caravan parks also offer camping sites where you can pitch a tent (double check because sometime tents are excluded).
The parks generally have central ablution facilities.
Also see the By motorhome and By offroad vehicle sections for additional camping options.
There are many timeshare resorts in South Africa, most participate in international exchange agreements. Many timeshare owners also rent their time when they can not make use of it.
Many real estate agents in South Africa also offer rental services. The rental properties are mostly available on unfurnished long term lease, but you will also find furnished properties on offer with 1 to 12 month lease agreements
Your local branch of an international estate agent with a presence in South Africa might also be able to assist you.
Non-South African citizens need to be in possession of a study permit in order to study inside the country. You should apply for one at a South African High Commission, Embassy, Consulate or Trade Mission in your country of origin, or in the nearest country, should there be no South African representation is available in your country. Government form BI-1738 [90] needs to be completed for the application.
You will need to do some preparation in order to gain a study permit. At a minimum you will need acceptance by a South African University, repatriation guarantees, return air ticket and proof that you can cover living expenses while in South Africa before a permit will be issued. The cost for obtaining a study permit is R425 and applications take about 6 weeks to process.
Expect to spend about R5000 per month on general living expenses (accommodation, food, travel, etc) in addition to tuition fees.
There are many secondary and tertiary education centres in South Africa. The University of Cape Town is the top-ranked university in Africa, placing 198th in the world, according to the 2007 Times Higher Education ranking. The Universities of the Witwatersrand, Stellenbosch, Pretoria and KwaZulu-Natal also routinely appear in the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Top 500 rankings.
South Africa is also an excellent venue to learn new skills such as flying, sailing and scuba diving since costs are generally far lower than in more developed countries while quality of training will be equal or better. Examples of companies that offer these kind of courses include:
Commercial diving: South Africa is quite popular for commercial diver training as the qualification is internationally recognised by the International Diver Recognition Forum, and the Department of Labout is a member of the International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA). A South African Department of Labour certification as a Class I or Class II diver is acceptable for offshore work in many other parts of the world, including the North Sea and Nigerian offshore oilfields.
Due to the large number of unemployed South Africans, there are limited work opportunities for foreigners in South Africa.
Non South African citizens are only allowed to work in South Africa if they are in possession of a work permit. Students in Canada can apply for a work visa through SWAP [91], although costs are high the service is helpful and well organized.
The process of applying for a work permit is similar to applying for a study permit, contact a South African High Commission, Embassy, Consulate or Trade Mission in your country of origin, or in the nearest country, should there be no South African representation is available in your country. Government form B1-159 (A&C) needs to be completed for the application. Processing of the application will take 8 to 12 weeks.
Scarce Skills and Work Permit Quotas
There are some skills that are in short supply in the country and the Department of Home Affairs has a Quota Work Permit program aimed at sourcing these skills from abroad. A list of skills in demand and set quotas for each of those skills are published yearly. Applicants with formal qualification and work experience in the required fields may apply for a quota work permit. This permit costs around R1600 and applications will take between 6 to 8 weeks to process. If the application is approved one will have a 90 day period (from the time of entering the country) to find employment in the field that the permit was issued for. Once employed, the permit will stay valid as long as one is employed within the same field of work (changing employers is allowed). More information, as well as the skills and quotas list for the current year, can be found on the Department of Home Affairs homepage [92]
Stay safe
South Africa has some of the highest violent crime rates in the world but by being vigilant and using common sense you should have a safe and pleasant trip--as hundreds of thousands of people have each year. The key is to know and stick to general safety precautions: don't walk around in deserted areas at night and don't advertise posession of money and expensive accessories.
Do not accept offers from friendly strangers. Do not wear jewellery or expensive watches. Do not wear a tummy bag with all your valuables. Distribute your valuables in inside pockets and other pockets. Do not carry large sums of money. Do not walk by night in deserted places. Don't make it obvious you are a tourist: conceal your camera and binoculars. Do not leave your valuables in plain sight when driving in your car, as "smash and grab" attacks do sometimes occur at intersections, and keep your car doors locked, and windows closed. Know where to go so that you don't have to reveal you're lost or need a map: simply all the obvious "I am a tourist" signs.
Visiting the townships is possible, but don't do it alone unless you really know where you're going. Some townships are safe while others can be extremely dangerous. It's best to go with an experienced guide. Some tour companies offer guided visits to the townships, and this is perfectly safe.
South Africa has very few earthquakes, cyclones, tornadoes, floods, terrorist incidents or contagious diseases (with the notable exception of HIV).
Please also note that taking an evening stroll, or walking to venues after dark can be very risky! It simply is NOT part of the culture there, as it is in Europe, North America or Australia. It is best to take a taxi (a meter cab, not a minibus taxi) or private vehicle for an "evening out". The same applies to picking up hitchhikers or offering assistance at broken-down car scenes.
Beware if you are driving in South Africa. When the police stops you to check your licence, and you show them an overseas driver's licence, they will ask you to pay a bribe, typically between R200 to R600. It is not recommended to argue with the police and have the matter taken to the police station as there may be more police there who are part of the scam.
Important telephone numbers
From a fixed line
From a mobile phone
International calls at local rates
One of the main reasons travelers visit South Africa is to experience the outdoors and see the wide range of wildlife.
When driving in a wildlife reserve, always keep to the speed limits and stay inside your car at all times. On game drives or walks, always follow the instructions of your guide.
Ensure that you wear socks and boots whenever you are walking in the bush; do not wear open sandals. A good pair of boots can stop snake and insect bites and avoid any possible cuts that may lead to infections.
In many areas you may encounter wildlife while driving on public roads, monkeys and baboons are especially common. Do not get out of the vehicle to take photos or otherwise try to interact with the animals. These are wild animals and their actions can be unpredictable.
Sometimes you might find yourself in the open with wild animals (often happens with baboons at Cape Point). Keep your distance and always ensure that the animals are only to one side of you, do not walk between two groups or individuals. A female baboon may get rather upset if you separate her from her child.
Always check with locals before swimming in a river or lake as there may be crocodiles or hippos. Most major beaches in KwaZulu-Natal have shark nets installed. If you intend to swim anywhere other that the main beaches, check with a local first. Note that shark nets may be removed for a couple of days during the annual sardine run (normally along the KwaZulu-Natal coast between early May and late July). This is done to avoid excessive shark and other marine life fatalities. Notices are posted on beaches during these times.
Stay healthy
Emergency and Medical Assistance
There are a number of independent emergency assist companies in South Africa
It is best to avoid public hospitals where possible. Private hospitals (such as the Netcare Group [99] ) are of world class standard.
Municipal tap water is usually safe to drink throughout the country. In the Western Cape mountain water is safe, even if it has been stained brown due to vegetation. A strong risk of bilharzia exists for still-standing water.
Many activities in South Africa are outdoors, see the sunburn and sun protection travel topic for tips on how to protect yourself.
HIV and AIDS
South Africa has one of the largest HIV infection rates world-wide. 5.4 million people out of a population of 48 million are HIV-positive (South African Medical Research Council [100]).
The HIV infection rate in the total population older than 2 years varies from around 2% in the Western Cape to over 17% in KwaZulu-Natal (Avert and all together 18.8% of South Africans over 15 years of age are HIV-Positive (UNICEF [101]). One in four females and one in five males aged 20 to 40 is estimated to be infected (Avert [102]).
The north-eastern areas of the country (including the Kruger National Park and St. Lucia and surrounds) are seasonal malaria zones, from about November to May. The peak danger time is just after the wet season from March to May. Consult a physician regarding appropriate precautions, depending on the time of year you will be travelling. The most important defences against malaria are:
Tabbard and Peacefull Sleep are commonly used mosquito repellents and can be bought almost anywhere.
Also read the Malaria and Mosquitoes travel topics.
Smoking is banned in all enclosed public spaces, these include airports, pubs, shopping malls and theaters.
Most restaurants do have smoking sections, either ventilated indoor areas or outdoor open areas.
South Africans are generally polite, friendly and accommodating to tourists.
Public behaviour is very similar to what you might find in Europe. Heterosexual displays of affection in public is not frowned upon unless you overdo it. Homosexual displays of affection may generate unwelcome attention although it will be tolerated and respected in the more gay-friendly and cosmopoiltan areas of Johannesburg (Sandton, Rosebank and Parkhurst), Cape Town (Greenpoint, Clifton and De Waterkant) and Durban. South Africa is the first and only African nation where the government recognizes same-sex relationships and homosexual marriages are recognized by law.
Men generally greet with a firm handshake, while women will do the continental kiss on the cheek.
Except for designated beaches, nude sunbathing is illegal, although topless sunbathing for women is quite acceptable along Cape Town's Clifton and Camps Bay beaches. Thong bikinis for ladies and swimming trunks for men (speedos if you really must) are acceptable. Eating places are casual except when otherwise indicated.
Eating is generally done the British way with the fork in their left hand and the tines pointed downward. Burgers, pizzas, bunny chows and any other fast foods are eaten by hand. It is generally also acceptable to steal a piece of boerewors from the braai with your hands. Depending of what cultural group you find yourself with, these rules might change. Indians often eat breyani dishes with their hands, a white person from British descent might insist on eating his pizza with a knife and fork or a black person might eat pap-and-stew with a spoon. Be adaptable, but don't be afraid to also do your own thing; if really unacceptable, people will generally tell you so rather than take offence.
South Africans are proud of their country and what they have achieved. Although they themselves are quick to point out and complain to each other about the problems and shortcoming that still exist, they will harshly defend against any outsider doing so.
Those who are practised in North American racial terminology should understand that familiar words have different meanings in South Africa, and the rules for what terms are polite or not are different.
In general, it is wise to avoid racial or political remarks while in South Africa, because the country's very diverse cultural disposition means that "putting your foot in it" is easy.
South Africa is now in its second decade since the end of apartheid (a very sensitive issue for everyone) in 1990, but it is always easier to change laws than people. You will occasionally still hear overtly racist remarks, from any race group in South Africa, not only white South Africans. This is more common from the older generation than the younger ones. The best thing to do is simply ignore it; leave the responsibility for enlightening lectures to other South Africans, who know the subject better than any foreign traveller as they have lived it. South Africans of different races generally treat each other politely at a personal level. Acting collectively through political movements is another matter, and political parties are, broadly speaking, aligned along the racial fault lines of the society.
Interracial marriages are becoming quite common, and except for possibly some of the older generation, people no longer take offense if you and your partner are not the same colour.
South Africa's country code is 27.
Phone numbers within South Africa are of the format 0XX YYY ZZZZ.
Large cities have area codes 0XX (Johannesburg is 011, Pretoria 012, Cape Town 021, Durban 031, Port Elizabeth 041, East London 043, Kimberley 053, Bloemfontein 051) while smaller towns may have longer area codes (0XX Y for example) with shorter local numbers.
When dialing a South African number from outside the country, one should dial +27 XX YYY ZZZZ.
Dialing within the country one should use all 10 digits, 0XX YYY ZZZZ.
To dial out of South Africa, dial 00 followed by the country code and the rest of the number you are trying to reach.
Pay phones are available at airports, shopping malls and some petrol stations. The number of pay phones in open public areas have been reduced over recent years, but you should still be able to find one when you need one. Pay phones use either coins or prepaid cards that are available at most shops and petrol stations ; coin phones are generally blue while card phones are usually green.
South Africa has an extensive GSM network, working on the same frequency as the rest of Africa and Europe. There are five cell phone providers in South Africa: Vodacom [103], MTN [104], Cell-C [105], Virgin Mobile [106] and 8ta[107].
The networks support GPRS countrywide and 3G, EDGE and HSDPA support is available in larger urban areas.
Do not assume you will not have network coverage just because you can not see a GSM tower. Many of the towers have been built to look like trees (Vodacom) or other structure (MTN) in order to better blend into the surroundings and not be an eyesore.
There are plenty of Internet Cafes and access rates are cheap.
Even cheaper and more mobile would be to buy a prepaid cell phone starter pack (less than R10) and access the Internet with GPRS or 3G. Generally R2 per MB for out of bundle data from most providers (50c for Virgin Mobile), but it becomes a lot cheaper if you buy a data bundle. Vodacom prices range from 38c per MB on a 500MB bundle to 19c per MB on a 1GB bundle. MTN prices range between R1 per MB on a 10MB to 39c per MB on a 1GB bundle. Mobile data connections are always charged per MB as opposed to per second (as is popular on many European networks).
ADSL1 is popular for residential use and are available in speeds of 384kbps, 512kbps and 4mbps. Due to the Telkom monopoly on last-mile infrastructure, operators can get away with labeling 384kbps as "broadband internet" simply because there are almost no viable alternatives, and users are usually limited to 1GB to 3GB per month on an account. The average cost of ADSL data is R70/GB.
Always-On [108] seem to be leading the way in prepaid WiFi access. Their hotspots can now be found at Cape Town, Durban and OR Tambo airports, City Lodge Hotels, Sun International Hotels, some Southern Sun Hotels, Mugg & Bean restaurants and various other places.
Simply connect to the access point and you will be given the opportunity to pay for access by credit card. Pricing starts at around R15 for 10 minutes or R60 for 100MB. Their support desk can be contacted on +27 (0)11 575-2505.
You can have film developed at most pharmacies and shopping malls, even in small towns. Automated machines to print (or copy to CD) from digital media (CF, CF, MMC, Memory stick etc.) are also becoming quite common and easy to find. Larger shopping malls have dedicated photography shops where you can buy cameras and lenses or have a camera repaired. Most major camera manufacturers are well represented.
Embassies and Consulates
If your country is not listed here, have at look at the list provided by the Department of Foreign Affairs [109] .
International banks
A number of international banks operate branches in South Africa.
Stay Legal
There are some laws that the average tourist might not be aware of
You can get tickets online at Computicket [110] for most major events that occur in South Africa. Every till point at Shoprite/Checkers [111] is also a computicket outlet.


text:
Win tickets to the exclusive live broadcast of A State of Trance at Escape!
Upcoming Thursday, at Amsterdam's Escape Delux studio, Armin van Buuren will do a special live broadcast of his A State of Trance radio show! During the show, he will announce the first dates and cities of his upcoming A State of Trance 600 world tour. And guess what? Despite it being an exclusive invites-only party, you can be part of it!
We now offer you the chance to witness the live broadcast, as A State of Trance will air live from 20.00-22.00 (CET). The show will be streamed live via YouTube, but you don't have to sit at home to enjoy it! If you've got your trip to Amsterdam fully planned, you now have the chance to be part of this night.
Let us know why you deserve to witness the live broadcast at Escape Delux and you and a friend might just be lucky enough to see Armin at work!
PLEASE NOTE: These are entrance tickets only and do not include flight tickets or hotel bookings. Only respond to this competition if you really can be there! Doors to Escape close at 19.45(CET).

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Cherington Surname Ancestry Results
Our indexes 1000-1999 include entries for the spelling 'cherington'. In the period you have requested, we have the following 30 records (displaying 1 to 10):
Try these...
cherevill' chereville chereward cherewel cherewell cherfiz cherham cherian cheriarsky cherico cheridge cherie cheriessone cheriff cherigg' cherigny cheriholme cherimers cherinbur' chering cherinton cherinton' cherinun cherion cheris cherish cheristowe cherito cheriton cheritt cherk cherkas cherkasky cherke cherkezian cherkoff cherl cherlbury cherlcote cherle
These sample scans are from the original record. You will get scans of the full pages or articles where the surname you searched for has been found.
Your web browser may prevent the sample windows from opening; in this case please change your browser settings to allow pop-up windows from this site.
Want to be alerted about new results for this search?
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Research your ancestry, family history, genealogy and one-name study by direct access to original records and archives indexed by surname.


text:
First up, serving bowls.
Let's look a little closer...
On the left we have a Vernon Kilns Raffia bowl. Next to that is a Santa Anita Ware Covered Casserole, which is large enough that it could easily serve as a soup tureen.
That Franciscan Autumn Leaf bowl is huge - perfect for a big fall salad (I've also got salad plates to match). Next to that is a sweet little American Ironstone dish for nuts or olives or what have you. And next to that is a gorgeous aqua serving bowl in the Granada Matador pattern by Taylor Smith and Taylor. How awesome would that look with some whipped sweet potatoes?
Save yourself some dishwashing with oven-to-table bakeware. Lots of Pyrex goodness.
And plenty of platters and plates for sides and cakes.
A little vintage stemware, and you're good to go!


text:
Morenci city council members voted Monday to grant an easement onto their easement in order to help with a project by Consumers Energy.
Morenci city supervisor Barney Vanderpool explained that the utility company wants to relocate poles and overhead wiring away from the banks of Bean Creek near the sewage lagoons and instead run the lines in a more open area to the west.
The lines will pass over farm fields on the west side of the city's newest lagoon on the west side of Sims Highway.
Vanderpool was told that Consumers obtained easements from three property owners involved, but later discovered the city has a 100-foot drainage easement on each side to the west lagoon.
Vanderpool told council members the city has no infrastructure in the ground in that area.
"I don't see where it would bother us a bit," he said. "There's no benefit to us to keep them out."
Council voted 6-0, with Leasa Slocum absent, to grant the easement, effective upon the receipt of copies of the easements obtained from the three property owners involved.
If the line is rerouted, wires will be strung through a field south from Sims Highway, then turn east to travel along the south side of the lagoons and rejoin the existing line that feeds the city's electrical system.
DEFICIT—Councilors voted 6-0 to approve a deficit elimination plan created by the Town and Country Festival committee. The plan will be submitted for approval in Lansing.
The last city audit showed a deficit in the festival account and that must be addressed with the state treasurer's office.
The committee is planning a reverse raffle to eliminate the $2,872 debt.
PLANNERS—Matt Woznicki was elected to serve another term as chair of the planning commission. Penny Baumgartner will serve as vice chair until she relocates out of Morenci later this year. Art Erbskorn will take over at that time. Karen Mepham was chosen secretary.


text:
About FatGiant
Even if your numbers were correct, which is not the case, all your argument is based on one assumption that is completely removed from the reality.
This law proposal only contemplates copies you are already allowed to do. Like copying any media not protected with DRM, for your backup, or to use in another device. The reasoning behind this, is that the copyright industry (including authors, editors, collection societies) need to be "compensated" for those copies, on the assumption that each copy is a "lost sale" and that that is loss.
This ignores completely any and all copies obtained by any other method, either downloads or a loaned cd, dvd or book. This levy will NOT give anyone any extra rights. Nothing at all. There's no consideration of the consumer side of the question. This proposal only updates the devices and the values, and dismisses any author's right to distribute it's content for free or with no restrictions on copy. Under this proposal, the collecting societies would have the right to collect levies on those works, sharing those results only between their members. They don't allow their members the use of CC licenses.
More, there's no provision on the original proposal, for the growth in capacity of the devices, in 3 or 4 years, we would be paying a levy 2x bigger then the original price of the device. (In response to this, the responsible inserted a 6% max levy based on the price and 2 years evaluation period, under the impression that this was a reasonable enough suggestion).
Pressed on presenting proof of the "loss" suffered, they presented a study, with extremely high percentages of copies being made. Pressed to divulge the study, it was found that they have used the worst possible method. Out of an unspecified number of interviews they selected a universe of 1,000 persons that confirmed that they do copies, and based their study on their answers "ONLY".
This law legitimizes nothing on the consumer side.
There's a lot more involving the complete opacity of how the division will be made, which authors and which editors will be paid or how much. There's no provision on professional storage, like a data center. There's no provision on educational or scientific usages like in schools, universities or research centers. There's no provision for personal backup units, or even for cloud based services.
This law has one and only one purpose, save the collection agency from bankruptcy, caused by many years of bad management and embezzlers.
The abuses mentioned in the article and the low adherence of the artists and authors is mostly based on the suspicions of many of their members that they will never see any of this purported boon. Many of the names on that list, have confirmed privately that they didn't give their approval, but couldn't go public for fear of reprisals.
Hope this clarifies somewhat your confusion about this.
And small animated gifs, like that extreme novelty of the "dancing baby".
Can't wait for that...
Yeah! I know.
Or I could blame myself for not being smart enough to live in a place that is "in".
A place where Pandora is accessible, last.fm is free (as in gratis), Hulu works, Netflix is available, CBS videos aren't blocked, Spotify is allowed, etc.
Yeah, it's my fault really.
I loved the experience, and in the 3 days I had the privilege to use it, ended up meeting people that I would never ever have the chance to find, that share many of the same cultural references that I do.
Now, locked behind an arbitrary border, that makes absolutely no sense in the Internet, I am locked out.
Yes, I could use one of the many ways to break that limitation. But, why should I? I would feel like a thief, I would know that I was trespassing. And that would remove all value from the experience, and from the communication I could have there, because I wouldn't dare sharing anything about myself, because the rooms are monitored, and all conversations are stored. So, no, I don't feel like going there anymore, because I am a pariah in their terms.
So, it is a GREAT service if you happen to live in the "right" side of the world. Not for the us that are outside.
Or downloads a bunch of songs.
You are correct, that is not the intended purpose of patents. They are infringing on the contract that "We" the public made with them.
Hmmm.. I wish there was something "We" could do...
I can agree with almost all that, and it would surely be awesome, especially if the offers would be available internationally.
But in a world where you have digital content available in online stores, that you can't buy if you aren't in the correct country, or if you happen to want to pay with the wrong payment service, I don't see Turntable having a chance.
For 3 days much fun was had by me. Yes, I really did like the service, seeing a lot of room to grow and increase.
Now, as said, I can access it through proxy's or whatever, but, I can't no longer invite friends to it, I can't feel comfortable tweeting about the experience I'm having, I feel rather conspicuous using it through a proxy and having it connected to my Facebook account. Sure I can go and listen to music, but, that is only 1/10th of the experience.
The rooms are monitored, maybe not all, but some, and you'll never know which, so you can't just talk freely in the chat, sharing data about you that may be deemed in violation of the TOS. Even the uploading of music, becomes questionable if you are a trespasser. If can't just share the musics you are playing, openly and freely on your Facebook, to entice your friends to join, begin a conversation, or simply brag, because you are trespassing, what's the point really?
Ok, on a perfect world, your dream would be awesome, but until the underlying conditions that are contributing to the closing of turntable are addressed, their service will always be limited to some elites, that happen to live in some specific piece of ground.
Anyway, turntable had everything to be GREAT. Now, they can still be a good service to some.
I will remember how great those 3 days were. You guys have fun with it now...
Hotspot Shield.
Since today, turntable.fm is US only.
Quote:We're very sorry, but while we would love to let you in and rock out with us, we need to currently restrict turntable access to only the United States due to licensing constraints.
We are working very hard to try and and get you in as soon as possible.
If you believe this is a mistake and you are located in the United States, please e-mail help [at sign] turntable dot fm
Again, sorry, and we hope to see you soon.
Billy Chasen
I had fun for 3 days. Was recommending it to friends and family, but, now, it's gone. Knowing how this works, I don't expect to ever be able to use it again.
I really need to mince my words right now. Or I will say too much and regret it.
Have fun you that can.
I am still trying to sort this out.
A few things seem to be related to this:
-SPA (Portuguese Authors Society) a collecting agency, is rooting for this.
-There's a new levy being imposed on all devices capable to store or reproduce copies, like External HDD's, Printers, etc.
-Apparently, still waiting for confirmation on this one, a Portuguese author decided to put ALL his work on the public domain after his death. The above mentioned SPA, and the author's family have been trying to nullify his will.
The SPA, on its site, on their own FAQ's says something like this (my own translation, subject to involuntary errors):
"There is an evident incompatibility between the emission of CC licenses and the collective management of musical and literary-musical works of the management catalog of the SPA. In effect, if the author (national or international) doesn't inform, previously, the collective management entity that he pretends to license a specific usage of the work, the simple CC license will not be enough to avoid the duty/right of collecting the authors rights."
So, I do make a intuitive reading of all this, and I do see a picture forming. The government intents to start collecting a tax over the private copying, and is setting up SPA to collect it, with such powers as to not even works published under CC0, are exempt of the tax.
An example, you have a business, and you play music from Jamendo Radio. All that music is licensed under CC. The SPA, will tax you for distribution, even if you prove you don't ever play any other station or music.
In effect, this law will make the use of CC in Portugal, illegal, useless and unenforceable.
Some, here, are saying that this only a draft, that the party proposing it is not even in power (elections next month) and that all of this is just smoke. Maybe. Maybe not.
Spain is not involved in this.
BTW, no, Portugal is NOT a Spanish province.
That's all I can say.
Nicely done!! :)
I do agree with you.
Also, it should be applicable anywhere, not only in the US.
We are all together on that boat. :)
Ok, you do interact a bit.
There are maybe some tricks to invite comments on FB, you haven't tried... :)
I don't see the FB pages as extensions of blogs like these ones. They can be, and probably should be, separated universes, with a common focus.
The fact remains, that this blog is in my daily MUST reads, as it probably is to many others. The Techdirt FB page, isn't, and I wouldn't mind that extra dimension to exist.
I have noticed several blogs that make use of Facebook to spread their stories, that they use a different headline to post directly on FB, usually with a call to comment, or with challenge of some kind. Can't measure their effectiveness, other than I do follow those links to read the stories. And, what do I do with Techdirt? I come here and refresh the page to read the article I saw the post in FB.
There's maybe something missing or needing to be improved there, don't you think? You still get my traffic, it just doesn't come from where I learned about the article.
Also, looking at the page, the lack of comments discourages comments. Maybe if the link was posted in a different way, inviting to comment, it could change that.
Again, this is my personnel view. And it is meant with the utmost respect to your work here... :)
"or if, perhaps, we didn't do enough to encourage people to follow our Facebook page"
More and more each day it becomes obvious who is actually in power.
No, it's no longer any government. No, forget about churches.
Banks and Financial companies are the true and only power.
Anyone need money to defend itself, there you go. Cut you from the money, easy win.
World crisis? Not for banks, they got funds to stay afloat, and while the rest of the world is still trying to recover, they are already showing "AMAZING" profits and as usual, not paying taxes.
So, nothing new here, just the same old, same old.
I am fairly convinced that a majority of that content is created without any consideration of copyright.
In fact I believe that copyright is not a concern to any of those content creators, they create "in spite" of copyright, not because of.
There are probably some "decent" uses of copyright. I can't right now remember of none, but, I am sure that they exist. For the majority of the world, right now, copyright is a synonym of repression, censure and almost an obscene word.
Who made them think that way?
Any involved and connected content creator right now, has to consider carefully what kind of license they will offer for their work. Or, face the risk of alienating it's fans.
Copyright is being defined as a money grabber scheme, something to avoid. Only the ones doing the grabbing haven't seen it yet. But they will. :)
Wouldn't help anyone if CBS published their own video, it's restricted geographically, so no one outside of US could see it anyway.
The reporter was most probably aware of that and chose a non-restricted youtube video to get around that. Too bad he didn't succeed.
... I don't like rap.
But all rules are meant to be broken sometime.
This for me was one of those times. Really liked the song, and will be looking for the rest of them without a doubt.
I remember a time where we lived by the rule of link back.
Now, we are moving to the rule of block back.
Why not create the "unfollow Monday" on twitter?
Please don't give it to me. My Garbage bin is very selective of what I put in there.


text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Considering Making my Move to Colombia, Insights? Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Considering Making my Move to Colombia, Insights? Goto page Previous 1, 2 Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Colombia View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message currentaffairsJoined: 22 Aug 2012Posts: 828 Posted: Sun Dec 23, 2012 7:34 am Post subject: Overall, I would probably recommend going to a smaller town like Manizales or the coast to find work. Bogota has crappy weather and lots of teachers desperately searching for better gigs. The teachers I knew were doing split shifts and running around town all the time. It just gets tiring in the long run.. Cali wasn't great for work either. Low pay, long hours, and not many decent opportunities to go up the ladder. Having said that, I really like Colombia, but for work it can be difficult to make things work out. In the smaller towns there are more opportunities to work in the high school/international school/language school with minimal quals and you could probably do private teaching on the side with less ground to cover and more chance of making a mark. Back to top G22Joined: 25 Oct 2010Posts: 89 Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 9:32 am Post subject: You will be fine in Bogota if you stay out of certain areas and take certain precautions like not walking around with expensive things (camera, ipod, ect) and not wandering around at night by yourself. I've been here for over 2 years, been robbed at knife point, know plenty of others that have experienced the same thing, but never heard of anyone actually getting hurt. Getting a job isn't difficult, getting a good job is another thing, it may take time and meeting the right people. The institutes will have you running all over town and don't pay the best, however you may have to do that first and gain some experience. I did that and landed a colegio job after about 6 months. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Colombia All times are GMTGoto page Previous 1, 2 Page 2 of 2 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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A Hidden Life
It's one of the year's best and most distinctive movies, though sure to be divisive, even alienating for some viewers, in the manner of nearly…
It's one of the year's best and most distinctive movies, though sure to be divisive, even alienating for some viewers, in the manner of nearly…
Bombshell is both light on its feet and a punch in the gut.
Roger Ebert on James Ivory's "Howards End".
"The Ballad of Narayama" is a Japanese film of great beauty and elegant artifice, telling a story of startling cruelty. What a space it opens…
An article about today's noon premiere of a new movie about architect Benjamin Marshall at the Gene Siskel Film Center.
An article about the screening of Horace Jenkins' "Cane River" on Friday, November 1st, at the Academy Film Archive in Los Angeles.
Scout Tafoya's video essay series about maligned masterpieces celebrates Steven Soderbergh's Solaris.
An article about today's noon premiere of a new movie about architect Benjamin Marshall at the Gene Siskel Film Center.
An FFC on Gavin Hood's Official Secrets.
A celebration of Yasujiro Ozu, as written by a Far Flung Correspondent from Egypt.
A tribute to the legendary Anna Karina.
The winners of the CFCA Awards for the best of 2019.
When people ask me about a particular movie, they don't say, "Are the performances transcendent?" Or "is the direction sublime?" Or "is this an engrossing, life-enriching experience?"
They ask, "Is it any good?" That's what they always say.
I can't tell you with a straight face "Broken City" is "any good," but I can make the case you'll have a good time even when the screenplay is breaking bad.
You look at that cast — Oscar winners Russell Crowe and Catherine Zeta-Jones, Oscar nominee Mark Wahlberg, terrific supporting players such as Barry Pepper, Kyle Chandler, Jeffrey Wright and Griffin Dunne — and you figure at least some of these actors read the script, and thought, OK, I'll sink my teeth into this one, even if the cheese gets pretty binding at times.
From a lurid plot sometimes so predictable they could have inserted subtitles issuing a spoiler alert warning of Russell Crowe's thuggishly over-the-top performance as a power-thirsty New York mayor, "Broken City" is the sworn enemy of subtle. Directed by Allen Hughes (who has teamed up with his brother on films such as "Menace II Society," "From Hell" and "The Book of Eli"), this is a big, juicy, sometimes clunky political crime thriller that plays like a 21st century B-movie.
It's pretty trashy and sometimes stupid. But there was never a moment when I wasn't entertained on one level or another.
Mark Wahlberg has the Mark Wahlberg role as Billy Taggart, a streetwise, temperamental but basically goodhearted New York City cop who's forced to resign from the force after a controversial shooting.
Flash forward to seven years later. Billy is scraping out a living as a low-level private detective — peeping into windows, taking photos of guys cheating on their wives, that sort of thing.
Not that life is too rough. Waiting at home for him, with candles and warm baths and many kisses, is the beautiful, aspiring actress Natalie (Natalie Martinez), who fell in love with Billy when he came through for her family after they suffered a horrific tragedy.
Still, Billy jumps without thinking when he gets a call from Mayor Hostetler (Crowe), who summons Billy to his richly paneled office and offers him a tricky job with a big payday.
Boom! Just like that, Billy is plunged into a world of relationships that aren't what they seem (though we usually figure that out well before Billy does), shady political deals and a mayoral campaign so vicious Rahm Emanuel would be shaking in his shoes. Hostetler's more like a beefy, modern-day Nucky Thompson than a slick politician, his eyes in permanent malevolence mode as he stomps through the city like Godzilla in Prada.
Hostetler's wife, Cathleen — played by Catherine Zeta-Jones as if she watched one too many 1950s film noirs in her trailer while getting her hair and makeup done — is up to something shady. Is she having an affair, as the mayor claims, or is it something deeper? Well, she actually pulls Billy aside at one point and basically tells him what's going on, but he still doesn't buy it. Come on, Billy!
We also get Jeffrey Wright as the police commissioner, whose intentions are well disguised; Barry Pepper as Hostetler's opponent, whose name is actually Jack Valliant, I kid you not, and Kyle Chandler as Jack's slick campaign manager. Meanwhile, there's a mostly irrelevant subplot about Billy's girlfriend and the seemingly NC-17 indie film she's doing, and did I mention Billy hasn't had a drink in seven years but he's about to fall off the wagon?
Oh, and there's a lot of flirtatious banter between Billy and his gorgeous, wise-cracking assistant, played by Alona Tal. (Now there's a name, Jack Valliant!) I looked up Alona Tal because she's such crackerjack fun in "Broken City." According to the Internet Movie Database, she was born in Herzlia, Israel, once recorded a song with Wyclef Jean, came in second for the role of "Veronica Mars" and served in the Israel Defense Forces. So there's that.
Back to the madness of "Broken City." Hostetler stands to make millions from one of those real estate deals that will evict thousands of poor people and make way for luxury condos. Billy's hot on the trail, but he can't see the forest for the trees. Just about everyone is hiding one secret, if not more. Shots are fired, punches are exchanged, speeches are speechified.
Like many a movie villain, Crowe favors his dog over people. It's a pretty great performance from Crowe, as he throws his ham hands about and lectures everyone who comes within shouting distance. Wahlberg is solid, Wright puts his usual unique spin on his role, and Chandler is so good you want to see more of his character.
This is the kind of cliche-riddled movie where people print out incriminating documents just so someone can find them, and a falling-down-drunk character miraculously sobers up when he's summoned to a crime scene.
Is it any good? No. But yeah.
The best films of 2019, as chosen by the staff of RogerEbert.com.
This message came to me from a reader named Peter Svensland. He and a fr...
A review of three premieres from Telluride.
The top 50 shows of the 2010s.


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1/08/11 - 3/03/2011
Main 總圖書館
綜合圖書人文科學展覽中心 - 三樓
100 Larkin St.
"The acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud, or deception, with the aim of exploiting them." Abbreviated definition from the United Nations
The practice of slavery is alive in the contemporary era. Human trafficking is the modern term used to describe this egregious human rights crime, occurring around the world and within San Francisco. Find out about the reality of human trafficking and forced labor, and what you can do about it. Presented by The San Francisco Collaborative against Human Trafficking
In addition to the exhibit, the Library will host these related programs:
Panel Discussion: Anatomy of a Case: Federal Interventions in Cases of Human Trafficking, Feb. 2, 6 p.m., Koret Auditorium, Main Library
Author Reading: Conor Grennan, Little Princes: One Man's Promise to Bring Home the Lost Children of Nepal, Feb. 15, 6 p.m., Latino/Hispanic Meeting Room, Lower Level, Main Library


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George P. Landow. Accordng to dockside information panel provided by the South Street Seaport Museum, this iron-hulled four-masted bark was one of the last generation of ocean-going cargo ships, which, despite having been constructed in the twentiteh century, had none of the long-available safety and labor-saving devices. She retired at last in the 1930s. I could not get a photograph of the entire vessel from the sunward side because the Wavertree blocked the view. But I did take one of the the decoration beneath the bowsprit.. Hamburg, Germany, 1911. Extreme length: 377 feet. South Street Seaport Museum, New York, New York. Photograph and text 2006 by
Last modified 21 December 2006


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ORLANDO, Fla. – The University of Central Florida, ranked 19th nationally, scored two runs in the bottom of the eighth inning as the Knights held off visiting Harvard by a score of 4-3.
With Harvard (1-10) leading going into the bottom of the eighth, UCF's (14-5) Chris Taladay led off with a home run against Matt Doyle. After a single, sacrifice bunt and a hit batsman, an errant pickoff throw moved runners into scoring position with one out. It would prove costly as Tommy Williams lofted a sacrifice fly to plate an unearned run for the final score.
The Knights' offense came to life after Jack Colton was thrown out at home to end the top of the eighth inning on a single from Jake McGuiggan.
Each team scored two runs in the first inning, and Harvard added its third run in the top of the second. After that, both teams were held scoreless until UCF's outburst in the eighth.
In the top of the first, Zach Boden singled and stole second. Jeff Reynolds followed with an RBI single and, two batters later, Colton plated Reynolds with a suicide squeeze.
In the bottom of the first, the Knights scored their two runs on a single to left by Taladay and a sacrifice fly by Alex Friedrich.
In the second inning, Kyle Larrow singled and eventually came around on an RBI single from Reynolds.
McGuiggan, Boden and Steven Dill had two this apiece for the Crimson.


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Special Topics
Geographic Groups
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Schoolgirls in Nigeria (http://www.flickr.com/photos/7865407@N08/4079191876/)
This section provides access to population and other socio-economic data
( income and poverty , households, consumption and nutrition) used by HarvestChoice to better characterize the linkages between poverty and agriculture.
HarvestChoice is assessing the potential impact of various intervention scenarios on farm household welfare by way of improved cropping systems. But the extent to which such changes benefit poor people depends on the nature and degree of engagement of households in agriculture. We provide access to information on the distribution and severity of both poverty and hunger, according to a range of internationally comparable measures that are monitored by the global development community as part of the Millennium Development Goal process, and by countries individually – often through Poverty Reduction Strategy Programs.
Demography, in particular levels of rural population density and urbanization, condition many dimensions of pressure on natural resources, demand for agricultural expansion, and opportunities for development. The specific ways in which the potential benefits of change might impact individual households are strongly influenced by the characteristics of households themselves and the extent to which households engage in consumption of agricultural products, agricultural production, or post-farm livelihoods.
One of the hallmarks of HarvestChoice's strategic evaluation approach is its heavy reliance on large sets of household survey data to capture important characteristics of households, both urban and rural. Of particular importance are household measures of participation in the production and consumption of agricultural products. The potential direct benefits to farm households of improved production systems will be in part shaped by the amount and quality of their land and labor assets, their attitudes towards innovation and risk, and their access to new knowledge and services. Our initial analysis of household datasets provides information grouped into two categories; general household characteristics and per capita consumption of agricultural products. We report these measures by first sub-national administrative unit, urban/rural, income tercile and sex of head of household.
Access and query over 300 layers of spatially-explicit, agricultural-related data at 10km x 10km grid resolution.


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I'll never forget the 4:30 a.m. phone call from GM Lee Thomas nearly 12 years ago letting me know Richie Ashburn had died in a NY hotel. Today comes close.
Shortly after lunch, those of us in the offices at Citizens Bank Park learned that Harry Kalas was taken to a DC hospital after collapsing in the broadcast booth at the ballpark. Within the hour, the news turned worse, Harry didn't make it.
Emotions were far ranging after we heard the news. Fellow employees were stunned, shocked. Disbelief took over. Some cried and hugged each other. Others were just quiet. What could be said?
Harry was so friendly with everyone who worked for the Phillies. He always seemed to say "yes" to the many requests. Need a unique recording on your voice mail message? Ask Harry and he would record one.
He shared the same affection for the fans. I don't know how many times I heard Harry call Phillies fans, "The greatest fans in the world." He meant it.
Baseball broadcasters bond with fans and their families more than any other sport. For six-seven months, broadcasters are part of the fans' daily lives…..in the living room or den, on the porch, riding in a car, getting sunburn on the beach. Shut-ins depend on broadcasters to fill three hours a day.
For 38 years, he was the constant, our security blanket. Elsewhere in the Phillies world, players changed, managers changed, ballparks changed, broadcasters changed. Harry was always there.
Soon after his death became known, the phone began ringing, e-mails poured in. Fans, Alumni, friends, colleagues, baseball executives, media. Jean Ashburn left a voice mail message. Between sobs, she was able to say, "Devastating…….We loved him so much."
Love is a constant when talking about Harry. Fans loved him. Players loved him. Both loved his calls on the air. He shared his love with so many people, a lesson we should all follow.
There will never be another broadcasting duo to match Harry and Whitey. Never. I can hear Whitey in heaven: "Hard to believe Harry that you and I are together again."
When Whitey died, the Phillies beat the Mets, 1-0. Whitey wore #1 for the Phillies. Today, we beat the Nationals by one, 9-8. Spooky.
Last Wednesday, Harry threw out the first ball during the World Series ring ceremonies. Little did we know it would be his last time on the Citizens Bank Park field.
Sunday, the last hit he called was Matt Stairs' game-winning home run. No one could call a home run like Harry.
We will never forget his call when Brad Lidge ended the World Series last fall. Classic Harry.
Remember, we have shared life with Harry. That truly is a blessing.
5 Comments
I was stunned when I saw the tribute on the scoreboard at the game today…I had forgotten to look at my phone all day and was really caught off guard. I cried though almost the whole game…I still can't believe it. Harry was an amazing person…I will miss him beyond words.
When my husband called to tell me this yesterday, at first I didn't believe him. Harry was such a constant, it is hard to believe that he is gone. I'll keep expecting to hear his voice during the broadcasts for a while, I'm sure. What a shock. We will all miss Harry.
Rants, Raves, and Random Thoughts
What a loving tribute. Knowing him personally for so many years, I am sure you are intensely feeling the loss. He made us all feel like family. He was our dear ol' Uncle Harry and we will surely miss hearing his love of the game and that soothing voice coming over the airways!
With the loss of Harry and thinking of a replacement, which has to be going on now… I was hit yesterday with a guy who is sitting right there in front of our screens almost daily and it is a personable, knowledgable guy who seems to just love the Phillies and baseball and is available I am sure immediately…
Ricky Botallico is the guy, and with T Mac's polish and Ricky's qualities, it seems like an obvious great addition!!!
Wheeler might do well in ticket sales or the travel plan dept. and if we could not have to deal with him anymore on the air, it would be nice too!
Lets do the beginning of a new broadcast thing and
Wheeeler out and Ricky in is an exciting thought to me…
Dave D. …Ridley
I understand the Phillies will play Harry's "Outta here!" call after home runs, as well as ring the bell, in 2009. Just a suggestion, but maybe this could be made permenent? Other teams play corny music after a home run; Adding Harry's call to the ringing of the bell on a permanent basis would be an outstanding tribute to him, his family and the fans who loved him. Just a thought :O)


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Beyonce: Super Bowl 2013 Halftime Show - Watch Now!
Beyonce is absolutely fabulous during the 2013 Super Bowl halftime show at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome on Sunday (February 3) in New Orleans, La.
The 31-year-old rocked the house as the headlining act for the highly anticipated performance!
Bey hit the stage and sang some of her greatest hits including "Love on Top," "Crazy in Love," "End of Time," and "Baby Boy" before her Destiny's Child band mates joined her on stage!!! It was rumored that Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland would be joining Beyonce on stage.
Later, Kelly and Michelle left the stage, where Bey belted out "Halo."
During her set, Beyonce danced her heart out, all while telling the audience to keep clapping their hands.
WHAT DID YOU THINK of Beyonce's half time performance??
10+ pictures inside of Beyonce at the Super Bowl…


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Today we're announcing that after 13 years of helping people keep track of their personal finances, we will be shutting down Moneytrackin.com on December 19. Please make sure you export all your data.
Thank you for being part of our journey!
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Purpose of this position: To facilitate an increase in the number of recruits joining Tajikistan field.
Working Relationships: Position falls under the Field Personnel Department and will report to the Field Leader and WACA Personnel Officer. Other close working relationships include the ACO, WACA FPO's, Field Short-Term Coordinators and relevant Sending Field personnel
OM Ukraine is looking for a a dynamic, creative, team minded individual with great communication skills. A person who can effectively tell the story of what God is doing in this country in order to promote our core ideals of praying, giving and serving in Ukraine.


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Welcome to the Haunted Theatre!
Not a theater of movies, But a Haunted House of three dimensional monsters. Within these halls you will encounter horrors of the past...Artist's conceptions of Monsters from Mackinac's History.
click on photos below to get a better look at denizens inside the theatre...
Creatures of the Theatre
The acid scarred visage of the
Phantom of the Opera
greets you at the Entrance, playing the haunting strains of the Symphony he penned and lost to the treachery of a Parisian Opera Director.
Behold the mighty
, winged mythological monster, with head of wolf, arms of rat & the tail of a serpent. It is through his powers of conjurance that we are able to view these creatures of the past.
From the now dry basin of Devil's Lake, an evil
has risen by the Ocryx's incantation, and now haunts the corridors of this theatre.
According to legend, Arch Rock is the gateway to the spirit world. Souls that pass over the rock achieve immortality and beautiful bodies. Those that remain become horrid joinings of man and beast.
Not all monsters are cloaked in repugnance.
was renowned for her beauty and ovation performances. She destroyed competition by nefarious means to achieve stardom she could have won honestly. Poetic justice extracts horrid vegence. See how within..........
©2007 the Haunted Theatre
- Mackinac Island.


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Punjab Remote Sensing Centre (PRSC), an autonomous organization under the Department
of Agriculture, Government of Punjab, is the apex body in the State for all Remote
Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System
(GPS) related works. It is designated as a Nodal Agency by the Govt. of Punjab for
geospatial needs of the State and also acts as the centralized hub for the geo-spatial
data to all the user departments.
Our Quality Policy specifies the Degree of Excellence as "all activities of the Punjab Remote Sensing Center(PRSC) will be carried out in a systematic manner in accordance with define and documented Policies and Procedures, meet applicable legislative requirements, be visible and auditable, and meets the needs of stackholders, learners and staff.