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"After Midnight" is an Energetic Tour de force
It's "After Midnight" and the joint is jumping with some of the best African American dancers and singers on the Broadway stage. Formerly the headliners were Fantasia Barrino and Dule Hill. Presently it is Toni Braxton and Kenny "Babyface" Edmonds heading the line-up. Adriane Lenox also shares top billing. "After Midnight," is nothing short of spectacular. It dazzles and bedazzles. It thrills and sends chills. And, if you are fans of Babyface and Toni Braxton, you will want to catch the show at The Brooks Atkinson Theatre, located at 256 West 47th Street (between Broadway and 8th Avenues) in Manhattan.
Acting as narrator throughout the show, Babyface kicks off this extravaganza which takes the audience back to the Harlem Renaissance era of the 1920s and 30s, replete with the hairstyles and clothing of the era, as well as jazz music performed by The Jazz at Lincoln Center All Stars handpicked by producer and artistic director, Wynton Marsalis, and led by conductor Daryl Waters.
Duke Ellington's "Daybreak Express," played by the Jazz at Lincoln Center All Stars kicks off the first song of the show, followed by "Happy as the Day is Long," and "Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea." Kenny Edmonds and the company enjoy themselves singing "The World on a String," while Adriane Lenox adds comic relief via the songs "Women Be Wise" and "Go Back Where You Stayed Last Night." Toni Braxton looks resplendent in her gowns during her performance of "Ill Wind" and "Stormy Weather" with Baby Face and "I Can't Give You Anything but Love." I would add however, that since Braxton does not have a booming voice, her mike be turned up so those in the back can hear her lovely voice without straining. Ms. Braxton later joins Everett Bradley (who had fun with "Digga Digga Do"), Monroe Kent, Cedric Neal and T. Oliver Reid in scatting Cab Calloway's "Zaz Zuh Zaz." I also enjoyed Bradley who led the spirited vocals in the comedic number "Peckin." One of the favored precision dance routines was by five male dancers dressed in top hats and tails.
Kudos must go to Director/Choreographer Warren Carlyle for his creative and inventive dance numbers and to costume designer Isabel Toledo for the stunning costumes that add glitter, style and class to the production.
Julius "Glide" Chisolm and Virgil "Lil' "O' Gadsen glided and contorted their way through some outstanding dance numbers via "Hottentot Tot" while Jared Grimes master tapped his way through "Tap Mathematician" and Duke Ellington's "It Don't Mean A Thing." His feet tapped so fast in that number, I was out of breath just watching this superb tap dancer. Karine Plantadit stands out as a dancer in number after number. Bryonha Marie Parham, Rosena Hill Jackson and Carmen Ruby Floyd's rendition of "The Gal from Jo's" was electrifying. Dormeshia Sumbry-Edwards' performance of Get Yourself a New Broom," was a delight.
I could go on and on, but all I can say is the stellar cast in After Midnight has more talent sharing a single stage then generally seen at one time on Broadway's Great White Way.
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Young Opera Star to perform at Brooklyn Museum of Art
New Yorkers have an opportunity to hear up-and-coming soprano Sibongile Boyd when she takes the stage at Brooklyn Museum of Art next month.
She will perform the works of Handel, Verdi, Delibes and others during the September 18th concert which starts at 8:00 p.m.
The black tie event marks Boyd's third consecutive engagement at the Museum. The concert will also feature mezzo-soprano Cheron Cowan and harpist Rashida Black. Deputy Borough President Yvonne J. Graham will be the Honorary Chair of the event.
A Brooklyn native and cum laude graduate of Harvard University, Boyd's vocal talents and unique instrument have been hailed by many opera professionals as the future of the "great voices" of our time. She "possesses a beautiful coloratura which she uses with great intelligence,� writes one conductor.
Boyd fell in love with opera at a very early age. "As a youngster I was always musical,� Boyd recalled, in an interview with The Black Star. "I played piano for 12 years and wrote compositions for piano, viola and voice as a child. I also participated in chorus at school and would always watch opera on PBS -something about the grandeur of the art form attracted me.�
She added, "When I was 15, I saw Kathleen Battle in concert at Carnegie Hall and decided that I wanted to pursue a career as a classical singer; I have been studying the art form ever since.�
The daughter of a Jamaican mother and American father who reside in Crown Heights, Boyd was one of 20 young artists featured this past April and May in the
14th season of the Natchez Festival of Music in Natchez, Mississippi. Upcoming engagements include her debut appearance with the Manchester String
Quartet, which is comprised of string players from the National Symphony Orchestra.
Boyd has been featured in vocal recitals at numerous concert venues in Washington DC and New York. In addition, she has widely shared her vocal talents
with the Brooklyn community, performing at fundraisers and events for Marty Markowitz and the Weeksville Historical Society.
Most recently, Boyd was a finalist in the Urban Philharmonic's Paul Robeson Vocal Competition and a semi-finalist in the 12th Annual Friedrich Schorr Memorial
Vocal Competition sponsored by the Hat City Music Theater.
Tickets can be purchased by contacting (718) 771-4341 or by e-mailing requests at email@example.com.
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Serbia hope to write new chapter in World Champs success story
Belgrade, Serbia, November 29, 2013 – Serbia will be pulling out all the stops when they take part in the final round of European Confederation qualifiers for the 2014 FIVB Volleyball World Championship in the Serbian town of Nis from January 3 to 5, 2014 where they will play Portugal, Slovenia, and the F.Y.R. of Macedonia.
Together with Brazil, Serbia is the only team that has made the semi-finals of FIVB World Championships since the 1998 edition in Japan.
Italy and Cuba have achieved this goal
twice while Russia, France, Poland, and Bulgaria have all made it to the semis
only once since 1998 up to the last edition held in Italy in 2010.
15 years ago, with Nikola Grbic as their setter and a young Ivan Miljkovic, the
then Yugoslavia made it to the final of the 1998 World Championship in Japan
losing there in straight sets to Italy after beating Cuba in the semis. It was
Serbia first medal ever in the competition.
Three years ago, competing as Serbia,
the country won bronze in Rome, taking their second World Championship medal. Serbia lost 2-3 in a dramatic semi-final with
Cuba before edging Italy 3-1 to settle for third place.


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WENATCHEE, Wash. — More Pacific Northwest and California cherry packers will turn to high-tech cherry sorting to stay competitive in the marketplace, the president of a California fruit company says.
Multiple varieties with varying maturity timing and climate and weather variables have long challenged human sorters of sweet cherries for the fresh market.
With annual crops increasing to 12 million boxes in California and 20 million boxes in the Northwest, "we need better quality packs and this technology gives or may give us that," Tim Sambado, president of Prima Frutta, Linden, Calif., told growers recently at the Washington State Horticultural Association annual meeting in Wenatchee.
Improving quality, sizing and reducing labor costs are the three main reasons the industry is turning to the equipment, Sambado said. Five California packers using such systems for the first time in 2013 saw a 33 to 65 percent labor savings in sorting, he said.
Annual maintenance costs will increase and there's potentially more down time with the new systems, he said.
About 33 percent of California's cherries were sorted by high-tech in 2013, it will be close to 50 percent in 2014 and 66 percent by 2015, Sambado said.
About a dozen West Coast cherry packers installed high-tech systems in the past year and more are planning to. Electronic optics take multiple digital images of each cherry and computer software instantaneously sorts for size, color and firmness. The technology has been used for years in packing apples, pears and citrus but it's been harder to adapt it to cherries since they are smaller. The cost effectiveness for a two- to three-month crop has been an issue.
A multitude of variables affect cost, but a new system in a new building can be more than $10 million, Sambado said. Prima Frutta, California's largest fresh cherry packer, built new facilities and installed a new Compac cherry sorter from New Zealand that it used for the first time in 2013. Technology doesn't vary much from one manufacturer to another, he said. All claim to have the best, but there's room for improvement, Sambado said.
Shadows prevent optics from clearly seeing entire cherries and cluster cutters leave wishbone stems that can be misread by computer software as spurs or defects when they are not, he said. Clustered cherries don't rotate and can be misidentified, he said.
Cracks at the tip of the cherry and fresh rain cracks can be more difficult to identify than dry cracks, he said. Pinholes from spotted wing drosophila can't be detected but damage around them can be, he said.
"Operators need to have programs by variety and fine tune them by grower lot," he said. "This isn't a start it up and go have a Starbucks operation."
The new equipment is not needed for varieties with few defects, but California has a greater need because it has eight sweet cherry varieties of more than 100,000 boxes each and it has a warmer climate that creates more misshapen fruit, spurs, doubling and soft cherries, Sambado said.
Color variance is a greater challenge in California and high-tech sorters are a big help in uniformly separating immature fruit, he said.
"We try with workers," Sambado said. "Two hundred sets of eyes trying to read certain colors is very difficult."
The darkest fruit can be over mature or damaged but it may not be visible to the human eye, while it is to new equipment, he said.
The machines can separate 13 colors and creating color grades to match the timing of air and water shipments overseas will become important, he said.
"The goal isn't to have a lot of color grades but more consistent appearance and quality," he said.


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Jesus-the perfect image of God on Earth.
(Photo above by me) Have you ever wondered what God is really like? I'm not referring to His appearance, because he is invisible to the physical eye. But what is He really like, in word and in character? What … Continue reading
Posted in 1 John, Colossians, General religion, Image, Jesus, Pentecostal movement, Trinity, Uncategorized Tagged Bible, christianity, Colossians, Father, Fulness, Godhead, Holy Ghost, Jesus, John, religion, theology, Trinity 1 Comment


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I don't know how it happened, but I am about to be one of the worst mothers-of-the-bride in fashion history.
My 26-year-old daughter, Ellie, is getting married to her love, Jamison Nay, on March 2 at the Wolfeboro Inn.
I am not one of those mothers of the bride who tries to commandeer the wedding, control the guest list or demand her daughter buys ugly centerpieces for the tables at the reception. That's not me. I believe the bride and groom should have the final say on all of those matters.
My failure as mother of the bride is in an entirely different area — I hate buying dress-up clothes. And, that's a big problem.
As mother of the bride, there are certain expectations about how you will look on your daughter's special day. The main focus — as it should be — is on how the bride looks. But, the mother of the bride has several moments during the ceremony and reception where she has to look her best. And that means a dress — but not just any old dress. We're talking about a fancy, over-the-top, lacy, shiny, eye-popping, show-stopping, red-carpet-ready, va-va-va-voom kind of number.
There was a time in my life when that would not have been a problem. In my younger days I loved shopping. My closet was full of lovely outfits I would wear with matching suede or leather pumps.
That seems like a lifetime ago. These days, those darling little pumps have been replaced by ancient, scuffed up Dansko clogs. The lovely, stylish outfits of my younger years have turned into serviceable black pants, a black V-neck T-shirt and a cardigan sweater. Though I admire nuns greatly, I never envisioned looking like one! Somehow, between my crazy job and raising seven children, I have lost the zest for dressing.
That's what made last Saturday so difficult. I had been avoiding the inevitable dress shopping for months and had made a date with Ellie and my oldest, daughter, Emily, to shop for a suitable mother-of-the-bride dress. We were to devote the whole day to it — my two gorgeous, stylish daughters who routinely manicure their nails and their mother/nun, who bites hers.
We went to the new outlet stores in Merrimack, N.H., and hit Saks Fifth Avenue and Bloomingdale's. This was serious business. A dress needed to be purchased by day's end. The girls loaded the dressing rooms with dozens of beautiful dresses with plenty of oomph. I tried on red ones, blue ones, gray ones and brown ones, too. There were dresses with too little material and some with too much. There were puffy ones with stiff petticoats underneath and some with big bras sewn in. They all had big price tags and I looked ridiculous in every one of them. It was miserable.
So that the day would not be a total loss, we did a little shopping for Ellie. She got a beautiful white dress for her rehearsal dinner, some sequined shoes to match her wedding dress and a beautiful necklace.
By the time we got home, it was 7 o'clock and still no mother-of-the-bride dress.
"Don't worry," I told the girls when I dropped them off at Ellie's house. "The day isn't over yet."
I drove directly to the Fox Run Mall in Newington, went to the cocktail dress section at Macy's, tried on one dress that cost $129 and bought it immediately. The entire process took less than five minutes.
The dress is very elegant — a black tea length A-line with three-quarter length sleeves accented by rhinestone buttons. It has a plunging neckline, but is actually quite tailored with a collar. I felt comfortable in it right away, like it was made for me.
I am going to get inexpensive, fake emerald jewelry and green pumps (not super high heels because I want to dance at my daughter's wedding). I am going with green accents, because pine green is the color of the bridesmaid dresses and a signature color of the event.
I am praying I don't look like a nun or one of the bad witches in the "Wizard of Oz."
I am hopeful I will be able to stand and perhaps take a few steps in my new green heels without falling down.
But most of all, I hope my daughter has the most incredible day of her life. I'm not so sure about me, but I know, she will be beautiful.
Mary Pat Rowland is the managing editor for Foster's Daily Democrat and can be reached at email@example.com.


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FLASH ... The Darling Conversations was just nominated for a JPF Music Award in the category "Best Educational Album".
This 3-CD set contains extensive conversations with Grammy-nominated cellist David Darling and Music for People chairperson Julie Weber, highlighted with over 80 examples of improvised, in-the-moment music. Darling and Weber take the listener through the basic techniques of creating improvised music, examine the basic forms and structures of improvised music from many cultures, and also explores specific topics such as improvising classical music to playing the mighty "air" piano.
Music for People


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Pre-Cut Mats
Beautiful beveled acid free pre-cut mats, economically bulk packed and shrink wrapped. No backing sheets. Perfect for large projects. Made in USA.
8 in. x 10 in. mats have 4.5 in. x 6.5 in. opening
Assorted pack contains black, white, grey, and gulf blue.
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I took a chance ordering pre-cuts mats from a website. WOW They were delivered in record time, and we didn't have to make multiple stops at art supply stores in order to get good pricing. Discounting...[more]
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What color is the inner core on the white mat?- Asked by Kristine Karnezis on 10-Apr-14
The Pre-Cut Mats by Callen Crafters are white on white.- Answered by MisterArt on 14-Apr-14
Are these mats four ply or eight ply?- Asked by Rheanne on 11-Jan-14
These mats are 8 ply and about 1/8 in. thick.- Answered by MisterArt on 13-Jan-14
How many different colors are in the assorted pack?- Asked by Anna on 21-Jan-13
The assorted pack contains black, white, grey, and gulf blue.- Answered by MisterArt on 28-Jan-13
Are the costs listed per mat or per package?- Asked by Brook on 12-Oct-12
Yes, the prices on-line are per package.- Answered by MisterArt on 16-Oct-12
If I am matting heavy paper and place each matted photo in the clear bag, are the mats themselves heavy enough to hold the heavy paper without bending over? I need the mat to be strong enough to stand on a shelf.- Asked by Brook on 12-Oct-12
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Ebay has released its 2012 census, which offers a unique perspective at the state of e-commerce in India. Since, eBay sells pretty much everything under the sun, it's in an unique position to offer us a glimpse at what Indians are buying and selling. You might be aware that a lot of youths are buying t-shirts and gadgets online, but did you know that every two minutes one note or coin is sold on eBay?
Maharashtra grabbed the top spot in terms of buying and selling stuff online, largely due to Mumbai, which is most active city on eBay India. Other cities in the top ten were Dehi, Jaipur, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Chandigarh, and Pune. While mobile phones, watches, fragrances, and apparel dominated the list of products sold and bought, most cities had one or two surprise entries.
- Delhi sold a lot of Indian notes, while Mumbai sold loads of Indian stamps. Mumbai also bought plenty of British India coins, and imported British Colonial Stamps. Chinese stamps are #1 on the list of goods imported by Chennai residents. Similarly, Hyderabad is fascinated with Malaysian coins.
- Jaipur, the capital of the desert state Rajasthan, sold loads of room heaters.
- Delhi bought the most chocolates, while Bengaluru exported the most Yoga videos. Kolkatans on the other hand are in love with Tibetian collectibles.
- Top brands in India were Samsung, Apple, Sony, and Nokia respectively.
Head over to shopping.ebay.in/census to glance at the state of e-commerce in India.


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* Republican challenger broaches possible $17,000 limit
* Obama has made similar proposal ahead of 'fiscal cliff'
* Cap idea has compelling political logic-AEI's Viard
By Kevin Drawbaugh
Oct 3 (Reuters) - Mitt Romney's talk of putting a cap on income tax deductions aligns him with others, including President Barack Obama, behind a tax code change that could gain traction in Washington.
On Tuesday, the eve of his first debate with Obama, the Republican presidential challenger told Fox News TV in Denver that one option for changing the code could be to cap deductions, perhaps at $17,000 for a middle class family.
"You could use your charitable deduction or your home mortgage deduction, or others. Your healthcare deduction. And you can fill that ... $17,000 bucket that way," he said.
Romney's idea was described by a campaign spokeswoman as one of "a range of policy options" cited by the former Massachusetts governor as an "illustrative example."
The candidate is not the first to float such an approach, indicating it has appeal, said Alan Viard, a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank.
"Politically I think there is something attractive about that," Viard said, noting that a cap would spread the pain of curbing tax breaks more widely than other, narrower proposals.
Obama has called for a cap on itemized deductions of 28 percent of adjusted gross income for individuals earning more than $200,000 a year and families earning more than $250,000. The cap would apply to popular deductions such as mortgage interest and charitable donations, among the code's costliest.
Viard said of the two candidates' ideas, Obama's was "probably better designed."
Economist Martin Feldstein and Maya MacGuineas, a deficit reduction advocate, in April 2011 proposed a cap on tax breaks.
The notion of a cap is part of the federal finances debate dominating the campaigns ahead of the Nov. 6 elections for president and Congress. A key obstacle to tax reform for years has been special interest defense of tax breaks in the system.
Capping how much taxpayers can deduct from their taxes, rather than targeting deductions one by one, would distribute broadly the pain of curtailing tax breaks and loopholes and blunt the power of interest groups to fight back.
"It's interesting that all of these plans have kind of converged on that logic," Viard said.
Romney's cap idea, like others, would probably hit higher-income taxpayers harder than others. About 70 percent of Americans who file tax returns do not itemize their deductions. The 30 percent who do would be most affected.
There are minimum thresholds for itemizing deductions, but at the moment, the so-called Pease limits on itemized deductions are not in place. These were lifted in annual increments under the 2001 tax cuts under President George W. Bush. There were no Pease limits in 2010 and 2011 and there are none this year.
The limits, named for former Democratic Representative Don Pease who helped write them, are set to return in 2013 if Congress does not extend them again by the end of this year.
Romney's idea would toughen the Pease limits with a hard cap. "On one level, a hard cap is good politics because it avoids picking a fight with the interest groups that support each provision in the tax code," said Scott Hodge, president of the Tax Foundation, a business-oriented tax research group.
"High income taxpayers will clearly be impacted the most," Hodge said, characterizing Romney's idea generally as "a pretty crude way of going after ... deductions in the code."
On the campaign trail, Romney and Obama have seldom ventured beyond rhetoric on the fiscal issue. Romney's remarks on Tuesday were a rare instance of detailed discussion. More may be forthcoming in their first televised debate on Wednesday night.
The Obama campaign said on Wednesday that Romney's cap idea "would raise taxes for millions of middle-class families."
The 2013 federal budget will be about $3.8 trillion, but the tax code will only bring in $2.9 trillion, resulting in a $900 billion deficit. Congress has failed for many years to find a mix of spending cuts and tax changes to close the deficit.
The tax code has not been thoroughly overhauled in 26 years and is riddled with $1.1 trillion in tax breaks. Lawmakers have failed to fix the system on this front as well.
Romney has also proposed killing the alternative minimum tax and the estate tax, as well as cutting tax rates across the board by 20 percent. These proposals have met with persistent questions about how to pay for them.
A study from the centrist Tax Policy Center said Romney's plan would raise middle class taxes and lower taxes on the wealthy. The Romney campaign has criticized the study as flawed.
In addition, Romney has said he wants to make permanent the Bush tax cuts, set to expire at the end of the year in a confluence of potential calamities known as the "fiscal cliff."
Obama has said he wants to let the Bush tax cuts expire for the wealthy, but keep them in place for the middle class.
Citizens for Tax Justice, a left-leaning think tank, said Romney's idea for a $17,000 deductions cap would not prevent his other tax proposals from resulting in higher taxes for the middle class and lower taxes for the wealthy.
"There is simply no way that Romney could fill in the details of his tax plan in a way that will not result in huge tax cuts for the very rich," the group said in a statement.
In the Fox TV interview, Romney also said, regarding the $17,000 cap, that "higher income people might have a lower number" and he suggested other options might be ones outlined in the December 2010 Bowles-Simpson deficit reduction report.
That document called for lower tax rates and an array of changes in tax breaks meant to "broaden the base" of taxpayers.
(Additional reporting by Patrick Temple-West in Washington, D.C. and Steve Holland in Denver; Editing by Howard Goller and Carol Bishopric)
Keywords: USA CAMPAIGN/ROMNEY TAX


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What is your organization's single greatest economic denominator?
For those familiar with the work of Jim Collins, great organizations have apparently profound insight into the inner workings of their economics because they are able to pick one ratio to systematically increase over time that will have the greatest most sustainable impact on their economic engine (or for the social sectors, their resource engine). Perhaps every organization needs to ask themselves, what is their single greatest economic denominator, and how can they develop a sustainable engine to deliver superior performance relative to their mission. If every organization did this perhaps this would greatly assist with having sustained social and economic continual improvement globally before, by and beyond perfect vision leap year 2020.
Thank you for all you do. Have a great day, and future.
The Greatest Economic Denominator
the social impact of learning or being exposed to learning is the greatest economic denominator of this college
Jean Madill, President, CNA
Trust, growing within the Cloud
As noted within it is not surprising to see QA organizations increasingly focusing more so on governance matters. In present and future times it will also not be surprising to have this focus increasingly include relationship management, perhaps even increasingly relative to the cloud. It will also not be surprising to see resources, organizations, services and products which help enable or grow trust relationships from various perspectives (including within the cloud, and perhaps relative to sharing).
By 2010 it is very possible that relationship management will truly begin surpassing traditional IT skills within many organizations. Furthermore by 2020 it is very possible services will have significantly grown within, and migrated to, the cloud … particularly as trust grows inherently.
Report and Model (Responsibility and Governance)
This report may help generate a few good ideas; and this model may help further thinking relative to maturing governance, including relative to data.
All the best in the years of the future. Thank you for all you do.
Green ecard from CNA
Sharing a Green ecard from the College of the North Atlantic. Merry Christmas and many Happy New Years to all.
One million acts of kindness
The efforts of IBM and many others are making a positive difference from many perspectives. Ideally before, by and beyond 2020 positive actions of Green, Social Responsibility, Humanitarianism, Professionalism and so on (e.g., One million acts of kindness), will reach unimagined dimensions of intrinsic and pervasive joy, peace, goodness, greatness and love thanks to all who are interconnected by software, technology and the sharing of information, ideas and progress. Thank you for each step you take for you and others in a positive forward thinking open minded direction. Merry Christmas and many Happy New Years!
What is your act of Green?
If you've not already, visit this site: One Million Acts of Green. Taking no credit, simply sharing awareness and reiterating that a journey of many miles begins with a single step, yours! Thank you for all you do. Well done CBC (and all who are related including Cisco).
Before, by and beyond 2020, perhaps the acts which in various ways are positive and make a difference intrinsically and pervasively relative to quality, value, excellence, simplicity, and social responsibility will be well into the billions (and of benefit to all within the present and future generations).
Merry Christmas and many Happy New Years!
Building a Smarter Planet, IBM, Government 2020
This post takes no credit, simply shares awareness and applauds the progress of IBM and others. Explore, among other you should find information about Government 2020.
Feel free to share awareness of a country, company, government, initiative, group, person, product or service that is helping to continual make a positive difference to the inherent (intrinsic and pervasive) quality of life before, by and beyond perfect vision leap year 2020. Thank you for doing so, and for all you do. Have a great Christmas and many Happy New Years.
Celebration, December 5 (you can make a positive difference)
On December 5, Aeroplan will celebrate! This post takes no credit and simply shares awareness.
You can help make a positive difference. Thank you for doing so!
From: Szigeti, Meighan [mailto:email@example.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 03, 2008 2:50 PM
To: email@example.com
Subject: Aeroplan Green It Up
Hi Ron,
My name is Meighan, a consultant from iStudio Canada (www.istudio.ca) contacting you on behalf of Aeroplan (www.aeroplan.com). I'm contacting you about your blog, VIIP beam it up, so I hope contacting you through firstname.lastname@example.com is alright. You posted almost a year ago on Aeroplan's Green It Up program, with some positive and thoughtful comments on how these initiatives can impact both the IT industry, and the future of the environment. On Friday, December 5, Aeroplan will celebrate the one-year anniversary of Green it Up, a program that enables members to use Aeroplan Miles to buy carbon offsets and offset the emissions generated by their reward travel and everyday activities. To increase the environmental benefit, Aeroplan matches member contributions by an additional 20%. This Friday, however, to encourage members to take action to reduce the collective impact on the environment, Aeroplan, along with its Green Coalition of Partners: American Express, CIBC, and Avis will each match all miles redeemed for carbon offsets up to 50%.
Aeroplan does not generate any revenue from the Carbon Offset Program or Green It Up and to help understand the effect, if 2,000 Aeroplan Members each redeem 7,500 miles to purchase carbon offsets, the combined impact would be equivalent to:
– Taking 3,500 cars off the road for one year
– Burning 8.25 million fewer litres of gasoline
– Countering the emissions created by 1,700 homes
In terms of digital assets, you can share with your readers, friends and online community members the following links:
1. The main Aeroplan Green It Up program page (which you might already know about)
2. Information on the Carbon Reduction Fund and projects.
We want Aeroplan members and the public to know that they can offset their carbon impact when using air travel in a meaningful way. Drop a line if you need more information or if this is a topic you are interested.
Best, Meighan Szigeti
Meighan Szigeti
Associate Consultant, iStudio
CanadaDirect: 416-645-3653
Main: 416-598-8061 ext. 327 Fax: 416-598-8096
Email: email@example.com
Web: www.istudio.ca
P Please print this e-mail only if necessary
Rwanda's Internet Revolution
Video on Internet Evolution about
Rwanda's Internet Revolution. This post takes no credit simply shares awareness. Here's hoping the Internet increasingly helps to make a positive difference in the lives of everyone around the globe. Look forward to increasingly reading about the contributions of many to continually make the world a better place. Thanks in advance to all for all you do to be, create and increase inherent (intrinsic and pervasive) qualities around the globe.
All the best in the New Year and the years of the future!
The Elegant Universe, LHC and Cyberinfrastructure
The Elegant Universe, LHC & Cyberinfrastructure… what can you imagine before, by and beyond perfect vision leap year 2020?
On the continual journey from good to great, quality and value will increasingly become inherent.
Unit Test? Yes (also btw here's a Diagnostic Tool that may help with moving from good to great)
Collins states going from good to great requires discipline (disciplined people, thought and action). Taking software quality from good to great likely requires some of the same (including relative to unit testing) while progressively building increased levels of fun. To some unit testing is common sense and their answer to "Is unit testing beneficial?" would likely be a form of yes, or that increasingly it should be (e.g., may help with ensuring value that is inherent, intrinsic and pervasive… for some projects or applications you may even say it would be critical and innately part of developing capability maturity and being socially responsible).
On a slightly different note here is a Diagnostic Tool that may help each of us along our respective journeys. Perhaps it can somehow be applied to help us along our collective one too as the IT profession moves from good to great and toward truly being built to last and increasingly more so for the benefit of all.
Perhaps we all may benefit by reading and internalizing what it means to be a level 5 leader
See this page; and on it be sure to read this excerpt from Good to Great. Borrowing on words within Good to Great that were apparently once expressed by a paper industry hall of fame inductee (Darwin Smith), perhaps it is good to never stop trying to be qualified (perhaps this is something we all can more so apply to increasingly make quality and value more inherent within ourselves and our interconnected universe).
2008 Recipient of Advanced Technology Award chosen as Chairman of Global Board of World's Largest IT Organization
Information and Communications Technology is described by employers as the number one contributor to Canada's productivity. Click here to read more including about a serious skills shortage that is threatening the sector.
And also… click here to read exciting news about the CIPS Past President, an inherent quality of our profession who is the 2008 Recipient of Advanced Technology Award for Leadership in IT, and recently was chosen as Chairman of Global Board of World's Largest IT organization. Congratulations Stephen!
Another step in the Internet's evolution
Interesting piece on Internet Evolution by Mathew Ingram, technology writer for The Globe and Mail in Canada… The Internet Takes Another Step Into Outer Space. Perhaps this is another step in the Internet's evolution. 2008 certainly has been an interesting year. Between now and perfect vision leap year 2020 the best is ideally yet to come.
Share or help mature ideas for making quality and value increasingly intrinsic and pervasive. Thank you for doing so.


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Calvary Chapel Garland is a non-denominational church of believers in fellowship with the Lordship of Jesus Christ. Our desire is to Magnify
and Exalt the Lord Jesus Christ through knowing and loving Him and one another in humble servanthood.
We Upreach to Him in loving worship, personally and congregationally
We Inreach to build up one another to grow in the grace and knowledge of Jesus Christ in humble servanthood and personal discipleship through the ministry of His Word and His love.
We Outreach compassionately as the body of Christ to the world around us, locally and globally.
We are a church located in the city of Garland, Texas, on the eastern side of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex.


text:
Adidas Y3 Jerry Lorenzo
"I had three days to work tactically. I worked on everything because it was a special week for us. It was the kind of week Liverpool has every week."
Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho has labelled Arsenal boring for failing to score at home in Monday's goalless draw at the Emirates Stadium.
Chelsea enter the Boxing Day contest with Swansea in fourth place, two points behind Liverpool, the leaders on goal difference from Arsenal, and Mourinho says Adidas Originals Tech Super 2
"When you are 20 points behind the leader, you can play at home one day and win 6 0. But what does that mean? It means nothing.
"For me, it is fantastic," he said. "The pressure is there. Sl Loop Racer Adidas
he is enjoying the competitive nature of the Premier League.
Chelsea boss Jose Mourinho labels Arsenal 'boring'
"That is the way, especially young players, grow up quickly. They have to grow and I think I'm the right guy to teach them how to cope with this situation because it's a situation I enjoy."
The Blues were booed off the pitch after claiming a Premier League point, to chants of 'boring, boring Chelsea', but Mourinho Adidas Sl Loop Aliexpress
The resilient rearguard performance was down to preparation, according to
"We played Sunderland last Tuesday and we had one week to work which we didn't have since the summer," Mourinho added.
"You go to your stadium and you fill your stadium, in weather like we had on Monday, to see victories. There is not a home fan in any club in the world who goes to the stadium and expects his team not to win."
I have told the players they have, some of them, to learn how to cope with this situation. Because they have to learn.
"For me, it is not a problem. For some of the guys it is not a problem. But for them, now, they have to learn how to express themselves on the pitch in this situation.
"What means something is when you are fighting for Adidas Y3 Jerry Lorenzo the title, play a fantastic match and score the winning goal.
has defended his side's tactics and insisted the Gunners were the ones who should have felt the frustrations of their home supporters.
Mourinho, who also took a swipe at another of Chelsea's title rivals, Premier League leaders Liverpool, who play at Stamford Bridge on Sunday.
Adidas Y3 Jerry Lorenzo
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Nike Air Max 110 Womens


text:
Here is my homework assignment. So far I have a very clear understanding on what I need to do. I just need some hints or ideas.
Write a program that requests a 4-digit integer and displays the digits one at a time. For example,
given 7294, your program should print:
First digit: 7
Second digit: 2
Third digit: 9
Fourth digit: 4
Hint: use the % and / operations to extract the digits.
Okay, I know I will use modules operators and division(From what the professor has told me). I will use a scanner class and ask four a four digit INT number. But I don't know how to explain this in java code.
7 % 7294 = 7
2 % 7294 = 2
9 % 7294 = 9
4 % 7294 = 4
Ask you can see if you use the mod operation on a specific digit from the four digit number. Then you will have the reminder which you can output. But I don't know how to tell java to take a particular from that four digit number. Any suggestions guys?
Thanks Again!
Know thy enemy and it becomes a lot less fearsome
--- Update ---
particular number*


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Dir: Gus Van Sant. US. 2012. 106mins
A timely, thoughtful character drama that eventually turns dispiritingly more predictable and simplistic, Promised Land grapples with important questions about corporate greed, the power of communities and moral responsibility, but its genuine concern for these topics only makes the film's uninspired storytelling choices all the more frustrating. Representing a re-teaming of director Gus Van Sant and star/co-writer Matt Damon, the film, which looks at a energy company's attempts to obtain drilling rights in a small town, will probably play best with those invested in the script's political and social issues, while others may simply dismiss this as a well-meaning, sometimes graceful message movie.
Van Sant manages to capture the slow, distinctive rhythms of small-town life, commendably refusing to turn McKinley into a community of dumb yokels or founts of universal truths.
Focus Features will release Promised Land at the end of December in a limited run for awards consideration before the movie goes wide January 4 of next year. The film has several saleable elements, including Damon's lead performance, but it may draw more headlines because the story touches on the rise of "fracking," a controversial method of extracting natural gas from underneath the ground that has been promoted as a way to wean Americans off their dependence on foreign oil, no matter the environmental and health risks that may come as a result.
While Promised Land isn't a thriller, it may appeal to the same adult crowds that enjoyed serious grownup entertainments like Syriana, Traffic and Michael Clayton. Still, this looks like only a modest commercial prospect that will need strong reviews and awards play to help raise its profile.
The film stars Damon as Steve Butler, a salesman for a large energy company called Global. Growing up in a small town himself, Steve is superb at convincing quiet rural communities to sell their drilling rights to Global, promising an economic windfall that will help save their struggling farms and underfunded schools. But when he and his sales partner Sue Thomason (Frances McDormand) step foot in McKinley, the townspeople, led by a well-informed high school teacher (Hal Holbrook), initially resist Global's advances, worried by reports that fracking can contaminate groundwater and severely affect public health. The residents decide to vote in three weeks on the proposal, which forces Steve to contend with Dustin Noble (John Krasinski), an environmental activist who comes into town to warn McKinley about the dangers of fracking.
Promised Land's early reels are its strongest, as we are introduced to the confident, savvy Steve, a man who doesn't feel ethically conflicted about selling small communities similar to the one where he was raised on a process that may be harmful to them. (In a nice touch, it's not initially clear if he simply doesn't believe the myriad reports on fracking's side effects or that he's such a good salesman that he knows how to hide any sense of doubt.) Damon, who wrote the script with Krasinski, proves to be well-suited to play Steve, imbuing the character with a genuineness that makes his mission all the more compelling: Steve truly believes that the money that will come from fracking will fortify these impoverished towns that have been decimated by globalisation and a shrinking need for blue-collar jobs. (His own hometown suffered because of these exact economic factors, a sting he hasn't forgotten.)
Working in the same mainstream/populist mode that marked his movies like Milk and Good Will Hunting (which earned Damon and Ben Affleck a Best Original Screenplay Oscar), Van Sant puts the gears in motion for a potentially smart drama in which we'll see the inner workings of how a gigantic corporation uses individual foot soldiers to seduce communities through visions of big paydays. But once Krasinski's activist arrives, Promised Land becomes a more conventional and less rewarding mano-a-mano battle between corporate Steve and good-hearted Dustin. (The fact that Krasinski's character has the last name of "Noble" is a sign of the film's lack of subtlety, which becomes more apparent during an overly button-pushing third act.)
Also problematic is the inclusion of Alice (Rosemarie DeWitt), a beautiful, sarcastic local teacher who attracts the attention of both Steve and Dustin. DeWitt is dependably lovely and sympathetic. (In roles like this and in Your Sister's Sister, she's proved to be excellent at portraying weary, grownup women whose lives haven't quite worked out.) But Alice quickly goes from being a fun, inviting character to a simple narrative device to mark Steve's progress in selling the people of McKinley. (At first, she seems very interested in him romantically, but after Dustin comes to town, her attraction shifts, pushed around like a narrative prop by the filmmakers.)
These problems don't entirely diminish some strong performances and some nice small moments peppered throughout the film. Damon and McDormand have a playfully combative rapport — Sue loves picking on her hotshot younger partner — and she, as usual, is wholly authentic as an ordinary woman who conveys years of disappointment through her sad eyes and no-nonsense bluntness.
And Van Sant manages to capture the slow, distinctive rhythms of small-town life, commendably refusing to turn McKinley into a community of dumb yokels or founts of universal truths. But even Holbrook's fine performance in a small role is mostly meant to be a stimulant to provoke Steve's change of heart about his work. For all the timeliness of the subject matter, Promised Land too easily pushes a complex issue that pits economic stability against environmental risk into the background to focus on a familiar character arc concerning an ambitious go-getter who finds his soul.
Production companies: Participant Media, Image Nation Abu Dhabi, Sunday Night, Pearl Street, Media Farm
Domestic distribution: Focus Features, www.focusfeatures.com
Producers: Matt Damon, John Krasinski, Chris Moore
Executive producers: Gus Van Sant, Ron Schmidt, Jeff Skoll, Jonathan King
Screenplay: John Krasinski & Matt Damon, story by Dave Eggers
Cinematography: Linus Sandgren
Editor: Billy Rich
Production designer: Daniel B. Clancy
Music: Danny Elfman
Website: www.PromisedLandTheFilm.com
Cast: Matt Damon, John Krasinski, Frances McDormand, Rosemarie DeWitt, Scoot McNairy, Titus Welliver, Hal Holbrook


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Hello All,
I agree with putting out flyers and getting the word out. But where do we find the target audience? Many of the 80's generation fans have jobs, family and limited time. How do we convince them that they need to get a babysitter for the night so they can go to a concert?
One way to get the fans out is to promote the website so fans can stay in touch. One idea I had was to promote the website using a business card. It is small enough that it can easily be distributed at concerts. The business card would have the website address, future shows and an eye catching graphic or logo.


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Morton A. Sacks, a retired trial lawyer and former Maryland assistant attorney general, died of heart disease Aug. 29 at Baltimore Washington Medical Center. The Linthicum resident, who lived for 40 years in Bolton Hill, was 74.
Born in Baltimore and raised in Lochearn, he met his future wife, Marylou Botten, at Milford Mill Junior High School.
"We sat next to each other in the eighth grade," she said. The couple went on to graduate from Milford Mill Senior High School in 1956. After service in the Army, Mr. Sacks worked as a captain's assistant aboard merchant ships sailing out of Baltimore. He also worked at a pet shop in Woodmoor and drove a cab to help pay his tuition at the University of Maryland, College Park.
Mr. Sacks was admitted to the Maryland Bar in 1963 after his graduation from the University of Maryland School of Law.
He initially set up a private practice in downtown Baltimore in the old Tower Building.
"Morton was a brilliant trial lawyer. In the bar exam, he was second from the top," said a longtime friend, C. Raymond Hartz, a retired attorney who lives in Timonium. "He was probably the most tenacious lawyer I've ever known. He was always highly prepared for a trial and would burn the midnight oil to assure himself that he would be ready."
He then worked under the city state's attorney, William J. O'Donnell. One of his first assignments was helping to try the case against the defendants charged with the attempted assassination of Sen. Verda F. Welcome, who represented West Baltimore. She was the first African-American woman to be elected to the Maryland Senate and was wounded as she entered her car on Liberty Heights Avenue in 1964. Two men were convicted of the crime.
In 1965, he became an assistant Maryland attorney general. Family members said he did legal work with the Maryland State Police, the Department of Corrections and other agencies. He represented the state penitentiary's warden.
In 1968, Mr. Sacks became a trial lawyer and partner at Cable, McDaniel, Bowie & Bond in the Blaustein Building on Charles Street.
"He was a wonderful trial lawyer. He had all the requirements. He was particular and well prepared," said a former colleague, John E. McCann, a retired attorney who lives in Lutherville. "No one ever surprised Morty Sacks. He was a master at discovery. He was very quick on his feet in court. He knew how to examine witnesses. In his prime, he was one of the best trial lawyers in the state."
He retired from another law firm, McGuire, Woods, Battle & Boothe, nearly a decade ago.
Family members said he handled litigation for Crown Central Petroleum and American Trading and Production, as well as Westinghouse Electric, Budweiser and the McCall Coal Co.
He was also involved with the Exxon Valdez case, the tanker that ran aground and discharged oil off Alaska in 1989. He represented a company that made the ship's gyroscope.
Family members said he enjoyed taking lengthy summer camping vacations and touring U.S. and Canadian national parks with his wife and children. He also traveled extensively through Alaska by auto. He read numerous mysteries and works of history. He was an avid Orioles and Ravens fan.
Mr. Sacks was also a private air pilot. He flew out of the Essex Skypark and belonged to the Experimental Aircraft Association.
Services will be held at noon Wednesday at St. Christopher's Episcopal Church, Maple and Camp Meade roads, Linthicum, where he was a member.
Survivors include his wife of 51 years; two sons, Scott Sacks of Elkridge and Jonathan Sacks of Washington, D.C.; a daughter, Pamela Ouaou of Naples, Fla.; a sister, Myra Shapiro of Jacksonville, Fla.; and four grandchildren.


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Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005
Chapter 2 Adequate Nutrients Within Calorie Needs
Many Americans consume more calories than they need without meeting recommended intakes for a number of nutrients. This circumstance means that most people need to choose meals and snacks that are high in nutrients but low to moderate in energy content; that is, meeting nutrient recommendations must go hand in hand with keeping calories under control. Doing so offers important benefitsnormal growth and development of children, health promotion for people of all ages, and reduction of risk for a number of chronic diseases that are major public health problems.
Based on dietary intake data or evidence of public health problems, intake levels of the following nutrients may be of concern for:
At the same time, in general, Americans consume too many calories and too much saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, and salt.
Meeting Recommended Intakes Within Energy Needs
A basic premise of the Dietary Guidelines is that food guidance should recommend diets that will provide all the nutrients needed for growth and health. To this end, food guidance should encourage individuals to achieve the most recent nutrient intake recommendations of the Institute of Medicine, referred to collectively as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Tables of the DRIs are provided at http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/21/372/0.pdf.
An additional premise of the Dietary Guidelines is that the nutrients consumed should come primarily from foods. Foods contain not only the vitamins and minerals that are often found in supplements, but also hundreds of naturally occurring substances, including carotenoids, flavonoids and isoflavones, and protease inhibitors that may protect against chronic health conditions. There are instances when fortified foods may be advantageous, as identified in this chapter. These include providing additional sources of certain nutrients that might otherwise be present only in low amounts in some food sources, providing nutrients in highly bioavailable forms, and where the fortification addresses a documented public health need.
Two examples of eating patterns that exemplify the Dietary Guidelines are the DASH Eating Plan and the USDA Food Guide. These two similar eating patterns are designed to integrate dietary recommendations into a healthy way to eat and are used in the Dietary Guidelines to provide examples of how nutrient-focused recommendations can be expressed in terms of food choices. Both the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan differ in important ways from common food consumption patterns in the United States. In general, they include:
Both the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan are constructed across a range of calorie levels to meet the nutrient needs of various age and gender groups. Table 1 provides food intake recommendations, and table 2 provides nutrient profiles for both the DASH Eating Plan and the USDA Food Guide at the 2,000-calorie level. These tables illustrate the many similarities between the two eating patterns. Additional calorie levels are shown in appendixes A-1 and A-2 for the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan. The exact amounts of foods in these plans do not need to be achieved every day, but on average, over time. Table 3 can aid in identification of an individual's caloric requirement based on gender, age, and physical activity level.
Variety Among and Within Food Groups
Each basic food group5 is the major contributor of at least one nutrient while making substantial contributions of many other nutrients. Because each food group provides a wide array of nutrients in substantial amounts, it is important to include all food groups in the daily diet.
Both illustrative eating patterns include a variety of nutrient-dense foods within the major food groups. Selecting a variety of foods within the gran, vegetable, fruit, and meat groups may help to ensure that an adequate amount of nutrients and other potentially beneficial substances are consumed. For example, fish contains varying amounts of fatty acids that may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular disease risk (see ch. 6).
Nutrient-Dense Foods
Nutrient-dense foods are those foods that provide substantial amounts of vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) and relatively few calories. Foods that are low in nutrient density are foods that supply calories but relatively small amounts of micronutrients, sometimes none at all. The greater the consumption of foods or beverages that are low in nutrient density, the more difficult it is to consume enough nutrients without gaining weight, especially for sedentary individuals. The consumption of added sugars, saturated and trans fats, and alcohol provides calories while providing little, if any, of the essential nutrients. (See ch. 7 for additional information on added sugars, ch. 6 for information on fats, and ch. 9 for information on alcohol.)
Selecting low-fat forms of foods in each group and forms free of added sugarsin other words nutrient-dense versions of foodsprovides individuals a way to meet their nutrient needs while avoiding the overconsumption of calories and of food components such as saturated fats. However, Americans generally do not eat nutrient-dense forms of foods. Most people will exceed calorie recommendations if they consistently choose higher fat foods within the food groupseven if they do not have dessert, sweetened beverages, or alcoholic beverages.
If only nutrient-dense foods are selected from each food group in the amounts proposed, a small amount of calories can be consumed as added fats or sugars, alcohol, or other foodsthe discretionary calorie allowance. Appendixes A-2 and A-3 show the maximum discretionary calorie allowance that can be accommodated at each calorie level in the USDA Food Guide. Eating in accordance with the USDA Food Guide or the DASH Eating Plan will also keep intakes of saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol within the limits recommended in chapter 6.
Nutrients of Concern
The actual prevalence of inadequacy for a nutrient can be determined only if an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) has been established and the distribution of usual dietary intake can be obtained. If such data are not available for a nutrient but there is evidence for a public health problem associated with low intakes, a nutrient might still be considered to be of concern.
Based on these considerations, dietary intakes of the following nutrients may be low enough to be of concern for:
Efforts may be warranted to promote increased dietary intakes of potassium, fiber, and possibly vitamin E, regardless of age; increased intakes of calcium and possibly vitamins A (as carotenoids) and C and magnesium by adults; efforts are warranted to increase intakes of calcium and possibly magnesium by children age 9 years or older. Efforts may be especially warranted to improve the dietary intakes of adolescent females in general. Food sources of these nutrients are shown in appendix B.
Low intakes of fiber tend to reflect low intakes of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Low intakes of calcium tend to reflect low intakes of milk and milk products. Low intakes of vitamins A (as carotenoids) and C and magnesium tend to reflect low intakes of fruits and vegetables. Selecting fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat and fat-free milk and milk products in the amounts suggested by the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan will provide adequate amounts of these nutrients.
Most Americans of all ages also need to increase their potassium intake. To meet the recommended potassium intake levels, potassium-rich foods from the fruit, vegetable, and dairy groups must be selected in both the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan. Foods that can help increase potassium intake are listed in table 5 (ch. 5) and appendix B-1.
Most Americans may need to increase their consumption of foods rich in vitamin E (α-tocopherol) while decreasing their intake of foods high in energy but low in nutrients. The vitamin E content in both the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan is greater than current consumption, and specific vitamin E-rich foods need to be included in the eating patterns to meet the recommended intake of vitamin E. Foods that can help increase vitamin E intake are listed in appendix B-2, along with their calorie content. Breakfast cereal that is fortified with vitamin E is an option for individuals seeking to increase their vitamin E intake while consuming a low-fat diet.
In addition, most Americans need to decrease sodium intake. The DASH Eating Plan provides guidance on how to keep sodium intakes within recommendations. When using the USDA Food Guide, selecting foods that are lower in sodium than others is especially necessary to meet the recommended intake level at calorie levels of 2,600/day and above. Food choices that are lower in sodium are identified in chapter 8.
Considerations for Specific Population Groups
People Over 50 and Vitamin B12
Although a substantial proportion of individuals over age 50 have reduced ability to absorb naturally occurring vitamin B12, they are able to absorb the crystalline form. Thus, all individuals over the age of 50 should be encouraged to meet their Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (2.4 µg/day) for vitamin B12 by eating foods fortified with vitamin B12 such as fortified cereals, or by taking the crystalline form of vitamin B12 supplements.
Women and Iron
Based on blood values, substantial numbers of adolescent females and women of childbearing age are iron deficient. Thus, these groups should eat foods high in heme-iron (e.g., meats) and/or consume iron-rich plant foods (e.g., spinach) or iron-fortified foods with an enhancer of iron absorption, such as foods rich in vitamin C (e.g., orange juice). Appendix B-3 lists foods that can help increase iron intake and gives their iron and calorie content.
Women and Folic Acid
Since folic acid reduces the risk of the neural tube defects, spina bifida, and anencephaly, a daily intake of 400 µg/day of synthetic folic acid (from fortified foods or supplements in addition to food forms of folate from a varied diet) is recommended for women of childbearing age who may become pregnant. Pregnant women should consume 600 µg/day of synthetic folic acid (from fortified foods or supplements) in addition to food forms of folate from a varied diet. It is not known whether the same level of protection could be achieved by using food that is naturally rich in folate.
Special Groups and Vitamin D
Adequate vitamin D status, which depends on dietary intake and cutaneous synthesis, is important for optimal calcium absorption, and it can reduce the risk for bone loss. Two functionally relevant measures indicate that optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be as high as 80 nmol/L. The elderly and individuals with dark skin (because the ability to synthesize vitamin D from exposure to sunlight varies with degree of skin pigmentation) are at a greater risk of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Also at risk are those exposed to insufficient ultraviolet radiation (i.e., sunlight) for the cutaneous production of vitamin D (e.g., housebound individuals).
For individuals within the high-risk groups, substantially higher daily intakes of vitamin D (i.e., 25 µg or 1,000 International Units (IU) of vitamin D per day) have been recommended to reach and maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D values at 80 nmol/L. Three cups of vitamin D- fortified milk (7.5 µg or 300 IU), 1 cup of vitamin D-fortified orange juice (2.5 µg or 100 IU), and 15 µg (600 IU) of supplemental vitamin D would provide 25 µg (1,000 IU) of vitamin D daily.
The combination of thirst and normal drinking behavior, especially the consumption of fluids with meals, is usually sufficient to maintain normal hydration. Healthy individuals who have routine access to fluids and who are not exposed to heat stress consume adequate water to meet their needs. Purposeful drinking is warranted for individuals who are exposed to heat stress or perform sustained vigorous activity (see ch. 4).
Flexibility of Food Patterns for Varied Food Preferences
The USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan are flexible to permit food choices based on individual and cultural food preferences, cost, and availability. Both can also accommodate varied types of cuisines and special needs due to common food allergies. Two adaptations of the USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan are:
Vegetarian Choices
Vegetarians of all types can achieve recommended nutrient intakes through careful selection of foods. These individuals should give special attention to their intakes of protein, iron, and vitamin B12, as well as calcium and vitamin D if avoiding milk products. In addition, vegetarians could select only nuts, seeds, and legumes from the meat and beans group, or they could include eggs if so desired. At the 2,000-calorie level, they could choose about 1.5 ounces of nuts and 2/3 cup legumes instead of 5.5 ounces of meat, poultry, and/or fish. One egg, ½ ounce of nuts, or ¼ cup of legumes is considered equivalent to 1 ounce of meat, poultry, or fish in the USDA Food Guide.
Substitutions for Milk and Milk Products
Since milk and milk products provide more than 70 percent of the calcium consumed by Americans, guidance on other choices of dietary calcium is needed for those who do not consume the recommended amount of milk products. Milk product consumption has been associated with overall diet quality and adequacy of intake of many nutrients, including calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, riboflavin, vitamin A, folate, and vitamin D. People may avoid milk products because of allergies, cultural practices, taste, or other reasons. Those who avoid all milk products need to choose rich sources of the nutrients provided by milk, including potassium, vitamin A, and magnesium in addition to calcium and vitamin D (see app. B). Some non-dairy sources of calcium are shown in appendix B-4. The bioavailability of the calcium in these foods varies.
Those who avoid milk because of its lactose content may obtain all the nutrients provided by the milk group by using lactose-reduced or low-lactose milk products, taking small servings of milk several times a day, taking the enzyme lactase before consuming milk products, or eating other calcium-rich foods. For additional information, see appendixes B-4 and B-5 and NIH Publication No. 03-2751.6
TABLE 1. Sample USDA Food Guide and the DASH Eating Plan at the 2,000-Calorie Levela
Amounts of various food groups that are recommended each day or each week in the USDA Food Guide and in the DASH Eating Plan (amounts are daily unless otherwise specified) at the 2,000-calorie level. Also identified are equivalent amounts for different food choices in each group. To follow either eating pattern, food choices over time should provide these amounts of food from each group on average.
Note: Table updated to reflect 2006 DASH Eating Plan.
a All servings are per day unless otherwise noted. USDA vegetable subgroup amounts and amounts of DASH nuts, seeds, and dry beans are per week.
b The
2,000-calorie USDA Food Guide is appropriate for many sedentary males 51 to 70
years of age, sedentary females 19 to 30 years of age, and for some other
gender/age groups who are more physically active. See table 3 for information
about gender/age/activity levels and appropriate calorie intakes. See appendixes
A-2 and A-3 for more information on the food groups, amounts, and food intake
patterns at other calorie levels.
TABLE 2. Comparison of Selected Nutrients in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Eating Plana, the USDA Food Guideb, and Nutrient Intakes Recommended Per Day by the Institute of Medicine (IOM)c
Estimated nutrient levels in the DASH Eating Plan and the USDA Food Guide at the 2,000-calorie level, as well as the nutrient intake levels recommended by the Institute of Medicine for females 19-30 years of age.
Note: Table updated to reflect 2006 DASH Eating Plan.
a DASH nutrient values are based on a 1-week menu of the DASH Eating Plan. Visit www.nhlbi.nih.gov.
b USDA nutrient values are based on population-weighted averages of typical food choices within each food group or subgroup.
c Recommended intakes for adult females 19-30; RDA = Recommended Dietary Allowance; AI = Adequate Intake; AMDR = Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range; UL = Upper Limit.
d As Low As Possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet.
e Amount listed is based on 14 g dietary fiber/1,000 kcal.
f The DASH Eating Plan also can be used to follow at 1,500 mg sodium per day.
h RAE = Retinol Activity Equivalents
TABLE 3. Estimated Calorie Requirements (in Kilocalories) for Each Gender and Age Group at Three Levels of Physical Activitya
Estimated amounts of calories needed to maintain energy balance for various gender and age groups at three different levels of physical activity. The estimates are rounded to the nearest 200 calories and were determined using the Institute of Medicine equation.
a These levels are based on Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) from the Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes macronutrients report, 2002, calculated by gender, age, and activity level for reference-sized individuals. "Reference size," as determined by IOM, is based on median height and weight for ages up to age 18 years of age and median height and weight for that height to give a BMI of 21.5 for adult females and 22.5 for adult males.
b Sedentary means a lifestyle that includes only the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-day life.
c Moderately active means a lifestyle that includes physical activity equivalent to walking about 1.5 to 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition to the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-day life
d Active means a lifestyle that includes physical activity equivalent to walking more than 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition to the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-day life.
e The calorie ranges shown are to accommodate needs of different ages within the group. For children and adolescents, more calories are needed at older ages. For adults, fewer calories are needed at older ages.
5 The food groups in the USDA Food Guide are grains; vegetables; fruits; milk, yogurt, and cheese; and meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts. Food groups in the DASH Eating Plan are grains and grain products; vegetables; fruits; low-fat or fat-free dairy; meat, poultry, and fish; and nuts, seeds, and dry beans.
6 NIH Publication No. 03-2751, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, March 2003. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/lactoseintolerance/index.htm.
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Updated Wednesday, July 09, 2008 by ODPHP Web Support


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Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with heart failure. This case illustrates that treatment with PAP therapy can improve cardiac function in patients with both conditions. CPAP-emergent central apnea, as seen in this patient, has multiple etiologies. It is commonly seen in patients with severe sleep apnea, usually resolves over time, and does not need treatment with adaptive servoventilation.
Grewal RG. Treatment of cardiomyopathy with pap therapy in a patient with severe obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2012;8(5):581-583.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality.1 The prevalence of this disease has increased substantially, along with the cost of diagnosing and treatment of this condition.2 Despite its association with cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea remains underdiagnosed in patients with heart disease.3,4 Meanwhile, there has been increased development and promotion of new, advanced, and more expensive devices by industry to treat sleep apnea despite the lack of any evidence that these devices have superior clinical outcomes.5 Following is a case which highlights both these issues.
TC, a 44-year-old obese African American male with a BMI of 41, longstanding history of hypertension, non-smoker, with no history of alcohol use, and a 2-3 year history of progressively increasing shortness of breath and cough, was diagnosed with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III heart failure (HF) in July 2008. Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were notable for biatrial abnormality and borderline left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, with no evidence of heart block. Echocardiogram showed severe dilation and global hypokinesis of LV with a LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of 10% and moderately reduced right ventricular (RV) function. Left heart catheterization did not show any occlusive coronary artery disease. Right heart catheterization showed elevated right atrial (RA) pressure at 17 mm Hg, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) of 30 mm Hg, pulmonary artery (PA) pressure of 74/30 mm Hg, and severely reduced right ventricular (RV) function. Cardiopulmonary exercise test showed maximum oxygen consumption (VO2) of 12 cc/kg/minute. His clinical presentation was consistent with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy of unknown etiology. An endomyocardial biopsy was not performed to rule out any treatable causes of heart failure, in keeping with current recommendations by the American Heart Association/American college of Cardiology (AHA/ACC).6 He was treated with aspirin and maximal tolerated doses of ACE receptor inhibitor, β-blocker, and a diuretic. An ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) was placed, and he was evaluated and placed on the cardiac transplant list.
Due to his longstanding history of snoring, witnessed apneas, and excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] score of 17), he was evaluated for OSA in December 2008. Polysomnography, performed with a split-night protocol revealed an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 68 with a SaO2 nadir of 58%. Respiratory events were all obstructive in nature with no central apneas. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) titration to a maximum pressure of 20 cm H2O was unsuccessful in controlling the obstructive respiratory events. He was also noted to develop central apneas, not present on diagnostic polysomnography, along with a high leak with increasing pressures. He was prescribed a bilevel device, set at a maximum pressure of 25/21 cm water pressure, after a retitration study in the sleep laboratory, during which a pressure of 28/23 cm water was insufficient to control obstructive apneas and hypopneas. This was again associated with central apneas on increasing the pressures (so called CPAP-emergent central apnea). Significantly, he had evidence of high leak on both titration studies.
On subsequent follow-up appointments, he demonstrated fairly good compliance of > 80% with his bilevel device, despite complaints of dry mouth. He continued to have a high leak, along with an elevated AHI of 15-17 on download of smart card data. The patient had difficulty tolerating the high pressures, and at one point tracheostomy was considered for control of apneas but rejected by the transplant team due to fear of infection following transplant, as the patient would be on immunosuppressants.
He underwent an adaptive servoventilation (ASV) titration study in October 2009. Expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) was titrated to 18 cm water pressure with elimination of all obstructive apneas and hypopneas. During this study he had minimal leak and no evidence of central apneas as EPAP pressures were being increased. He was prescribed an ASV machine, set with a minimum EPAP of 18 cm, maximum inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) of 25 cm, minimum pressure support (PS) of 0, maximum PS of 7, and a backup respiratory rate of 10.
Despite all the problems with PAP therapy during this year, his symptoms of OSA and heart failure improved. NYHA functional class improved from Class III to Class I over the next year. VO2 increased from 12 cc/kg/min at initial evaluation to 20 cc/kg/min two years later. Repeat echocardiograms at periodic intervals showed gradually improving cardiac function. Echocardiogram with Doppler done in June 2011 showed mild global LV dysfunction, with a LVEF at 45% to 50%. There was mild LA and LV enlargement. RA and RV were normal with significant reduction of estimated PA systolic pressure to 30 mm Hg. Daytime sleepiness was no longer present, with improvement of ESS to 5. He no longer required a cardiac transplant.
Download of smart card data on subsequent appointments showed no leak, with complete control of apneas at an EPAP average device pressure of 18 cm for ≤ 90% of time and average PS of 2. All breaths were patient triggered. In other words, this device was functioning as a CPAP machine set at a fixed pressure of 18 cm (minimum EPAP was set at 18), with no leak and complete control of apneas.
This case is interesting because it highlights a number of important points. First is the association of obstructive sleep apnea with heart failure. Sleep disordered breathing (OSA and central sleep apnea) is common in patients with heart failure, but the diagnosis is frequently missed, as the typical symptoms of OSA may not be present.7 The prevalence can be as high as 50% in patients with reduced ejection fraction.8 In the Sleep Heart Health Study, a large prospective, multicenter observational cohort study over 9 years, obstructive sleep apnea was associated with an increased risk of incident heart failure in both middle-aged and elderly males and reduced survival in younger males.9 There was also a dose-response relationship, with a higher AHI being associated with a greater risk of developing heart failure as well as increased mortality. In one observational study of 296 patients with severely reduced cardiac function (median LVEF of 33%), patients with severe sleep disordered breathing had a 2-fold increased risk for death, which improved in the patients who were treated with CPAP.10
OSA may worsen cardiac function by increasing afterload due to the negative intrathoracic pressure generated during respiratory efforts against an occluded upper airway.11 Sleep apnea has also been shown to cause progression of heart failure possibly due to intermittent hypoxia.12,13 It is well known that cardiac function improves with PAP therapy.14,15 This is not only as a consequence of positive intrathoracic pressure reducing transmural pressure, which reduces afterload, but preload is also reduced. Both lead to improvement in ejection fraction.16,17 In a retrospective study of over 30,719 Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure, those who were tested, diagnosed, and treated for OSA had a better 2-year survival rate than subjects with heart failure who were not tested for OSA. Similarly, among subjects who were tested and diagnosed with OSA, those who were treated had a better 2-year survival rate than those who were not treated.18
It is now recommended that physicians caring for patients with heart failure need to be aware of the presence of OSA and its effect on causing progression of heart failure, along with the role of treatment of sleep apnea and other therapies for heart failure.19,20 An expert consensus statement from the AHA/ACC recommends that with the current epidemic of obesity, hypertension, and heart failure, the prevalence and consequences of OSA are likely to increase. There needs to be an increased interaction between sleep specialists and cardiologists in diagnosing and treating this condition.21
Second, this case also highlights a possible etiology of CPAP -emergent central apnea. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain CPAP-emergent central apnea; most of these hypotheses suggest that CPAP -emergent central apnea resolves over time.22 It has been shown in one study of patients with both OSA and CHF to be related to a high respiratory controller gain prior to application of CPAP.23 A high leak leading to CO2 washout could also be responsible. It may be due to the changes in CO2 excretion that occur with relief of the upper airway, leading to a fall in pCO2 below the apneic threshold.24 Sleep fragmentation with frequent sleep-wake transitions occurring with initiation of CPAP can lead to central apneas.25 Adaptive servoventilation (ASV) has been shown to be superior to CPAP in treating central sleep apnea, but there have been no long-term studies showing superior clinical outcomes.26,27 There are currently two ongoing multicenter, randomized controlled trials, ADVENT-HF and SERVE-HF,31 to evaluate the cost effectiveness and efficacy of ASV in treating patients with heart failure and central sleep apnea.
It is my view that this patient developed a dilated non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, most likely due to severe untreated OSA, with hypertension and hypoxemia, present for many years. It is possible that other etiologies of heart failure such as viral myocarditis, sarcoidosis, and rare conditions like amyloidosis and hemochromatosis may have been present, and an endomyocardial biopsy would have better elucidated the cause of heart failure.6 However, the clinical scenario presented strongly suggests that the cause of heart failure in this patient was obstructive sleep apnea. Treatment of OSA with PAP therapy, along with the associated improvement in hypoxemia, in conjunction with medical therapy for hypertension and heart failure contributed significantly to improved cardiac function to the extent that he did not require a cardiac transplant.
With PAP therapy, he developed central apneas, possibly due to a high leak. Over time, central apneas were no longer present as evidenced by smart card data with no use of PS (PS of 2 being insignificant) and all breaths being patient triggered. PAP requirements to keep the upper airway open were reduced to a much lower level along with minimal leak. This may have been due to increased compliance and volume of the upper airway,28 partly due to improved ejection fraction, with reduced congestion of the upper airway. Reduced CPAP pressures requirements may also be due to reduced collapsibility of the upper airway with increasing lung volume from continued CPAP use,29 loss of weight, and decreased heart size. It is possible that reduced inflammation of the upper airway over time with CPAP use may have played a role.28,30 It is important to note that this patient was treated with an ASV device, which eventually functioned as a CPAP machine.
In conclusion, this case should heighten the awareness of the association of heart failure and OSA. It also illustrates the improvement in cardiac function with positive pressure therapy. CPAP-emergent central apnea has multiple etiologies, and in most patients resolves over time, and does not need to be treated. Finally, pressure requirements to treat severe OSA may decrease over time.
This was not an industry supported study. The author has indicated no financial conflicts of interest.
Work for this study was performed at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
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The Crimson registered a season-high 18.5 blocks to rally back from a 2-0 deficit (Gil Talbot).
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – The Harvard men's volleyball team escaped the Malkin Athletic Center with a win Friday night, defeating NJIT 21-25, 18-25, 25-22, 25-23 and 17-15.
Harvard (15-8, 8-4 EIVA) was forced to play with its back against the wall after NJIT (6-19, 3-8) limited the Crimson to a .123 hitting percentage through the first two sets. Harvard was up to the challenge, however, coming all the way back from down 2-0 for the five set victory.
DJ White led the Crimson attack with 16 kills as Kyle Rehkemper added 13 kills while hitting .348. Michael Owen chipped in 11 kills off the bench and Caleb Zimmick chipped in eight with a .400 hitting percentage. Rob Lothman dished out a season-high 57 assists.
The Crimson's early shortcomings on offense were made up for in the latter stages of the match by its defensive prowess. Harvard totaled a season-high 18.5 blocks, its highest total since notching 21.0 versus Princeton on March 5, 2011, to limit the Highlanders to .196 hitting. Caleb Zimmick was at the forefront with a career-high nine blocks to go with eight blocks from Rehkemper and five apiece from Lothman, Owen and Alec Schlossman. Chris Gibbons contributed 10 digs.
Kajetan Borecki scored 20 kills and hit .410 to highlight NJIT's night as Zak Robben tallied 55 assists. Oren Zyndorf added 19 digs with Borecki and Doug Bettersby each registering seven blocks on defense.
It was all Highlanders in the early going as NJIT led the entire way en route to a 25-21 victory in the first. Harvard held the lead briefly in the second set, but the Highlanders took control and rolled to a 25-18 win for the 2-0 advantage.
The third set was tied at 11-11 until a 6-0 run by the Crimson opened a 17-11 margin. NJIT committed four errors during the spurt with Zimmick and Owen each contributing a kill. The Highlanders came back to make it a two-point game, 23-21, before a kill by White and a block by Lothman gave Harvard set point, 25-22.
It was another close one in the fourth as the teams found themselves even at the midway point, 14-14. A NJIT service error gave the Crimson a lead it would not relinquish, however, as Zimmick scored a kill to put the frame away, 25-23.
The Highlanders stormed out to a 7-4 lead in the fifth and held serve with a shot at match point, 14-12. Back-to-back kills by Schlossman and Owen tied things up at 14-14, and a block by Zimmick and Owen once again evened the score at 15-15. A second block by the duo gave Harvard its first opportunity at set point and Zimmick put away an over pass to steal the match, 17-15.
Harvard returns to the MAC tomorrow to hosts Rutgers-Newark at 2 p.m. in the team's final home match of the season.