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Living With the iPhone 5
The iPhone 5 has been out for almost one month now, and I've been carrying it around as my primary phone. With the obvious and well-documented exception of the new Maps application, the iPhone 5 has certainly met my expectations. It's a solid, very thin smartphone with excellent performance. While the user experience hasn't changed dramatically from 4S, most of the incremental changes, like the longer screen and the faster processor, do add up to a nice improvement.
Initially, I migrated to iOS 6 on an iPhone 4S and I've found it's pretty much the same on an iPhone 5. In particular, I really like the changes to the Notifications screen, accessible by swiping down on the home screen. It now collects a lot more information—weather, calendar events, stocks, app updates—in a single place and lets you post directly to Facebook or Twitter. To me, this seemingly minor change has been the most useful of the iOS 6 upgrades.
Siri has certainly improved, though I often find it's faster and more accurate to search myself.
On the other hand, as I wrote earlier, the Maps application has a long way to go. I tried it a few times but was disappointed. I found myself lost at a suburban cul-de-sac when the application assured me I was at a restaurant in a shopping center. I also miss the transit directions.
You can, however, use Google Maps via the browser or download some good third-party maps and transit applications but these aren't integrated into the other applications. I haven't done a thorough investigation of the alternatives but I have used HopStop, Mapquest, and Waze more successfully lately. Apple has apologized for the problems and I'm hoping for improvements soon, but it seems to be harder than Apple had anticipated.
In addition, Wi-Fi connectivity seems a bit less stable than on previous releases and I know others who have had the same experience. It's nothing I can test because it seems to come and go, but it just feels slightly less consistent. It's somewhat annoying that Apple removed the YouTube application, but it's easy enough to download the app (although I wish it really used the big screen).
Passbook, which organizes things like boarding passes and tickets, is a great idea but I haven't used it much, in part because there is limited support so far. I expect that will improve.
I continue to like many of the minor features, such as integrated search absent on most Android phones (and subject to patent litigation). Applications, such as the Good Technology messaging environment, don't run as consistently in the background as on Android, but they seem to use less battery.
On the hardware front, there's a lot to like. It's surprisingly thin and light, and while the new features don't sound a whole lot different from those of other phones, it just seems a bit easier to carry.
The longer screen gives a bit more real estate when you're browsing a webpage, although even bigger screens on Android phones like the Galaxy S III give you even more to see.
This isn't a big deal for me, but the new 4-inch screen is just large enough that I can't quite navigate the whole screen with a single hand. (I could pretty much do this on the older 3.5-inch iPhone displays.) For people with larger hands, the iPhone 5 is probably easier to operate with a single hand than a larger Android phone. The bigger screen is nice in a lot of applications and most have already been adapted for the larger size.
The biggest difference to me, though, is simply support for LTE networks. Compared with HSPA+ on the iPhone 4S, LTE on the iPhone 5 is much faster. Both may be labeled 4G these days (although I can argue that's a bad idea for HSPA+, it now seems to be the industry standard), but it isn't close in practice. Pages load much faster over LTE—in many cases, as fast as I could get them over Wi-Fi. (Obviously, that will vary depending on crowding on the LTE network and the speed of Internet connection.) I'm lucky to have reasonable LTE coverage on AT&T and Verizon where I live and work but this won't be much help if you don't have such coverage. At the moment, I'm seeing faster downloads on AT&T, but Verizon's coverage with LTE is broader.
I have been using the new camera a bit, with quite pleasing results. It's great to be able to snap a picture while taking a video and I have found the new panorama feature to be good. The iPhone 5 isn't unique in these features (and it lacks a few features like burst mode) but overall, the pictures I've taken have been of surprising quality. Others have complained about a "purple flare" but it hasn't been an issue for me.
I have mostly focused on personal experiences here. Others, including PCMag, have done battery life and performance tests, but my own impressions are that it is quite fast and has had good enough battery life to survive the day.
For iPhone 4 and 4S users, the big change will be speed, particularly the LTE support, and the larger screen is nice, but the actual experience is similar.
Compared with high-end Android phones, the iPhone 5 has a smaller screen but similar performance and better battery performance for the weight. (You can get Android phones with larger batteries, but they are heavier; I assume there will also be external battery packs for the iPhone 5 shortly.)
I still find iOS to be the easiest of the mobile phone operating systems, but the gap between it and Android and Windows Phone is significantly narrowing. Apple's more controlled approach to applications means it's less open but more consistent and probably a bit more secure. In general, I've found the Google Now feature on Jelly Bean (Android 4.1) to be a bit more useful to me than Siri, but neither is quite compelling yet. Many Android phones have near-field communications (NFC) these days; Apple left that out of the iPhone. Some people will like the larger screens available on the top-of-the-line Android phones; others will like having a smaller phone.
Every smartphone has trade-offs and the iPhone 5 is no exception. (And of course, it's easy to laugh at the nit-picking that we all do. Watch this Saturday Night Live skit for an example.) Still, the iPhone 5 offers great speed and impressive functionality in a well-built design that is extremely easy, thin, and light. It's not perfect, but it's certainly a winner.


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Quilts of Valor Offer Comfort for Wartime Emotions
By Air Force Tech. Sgt. Benjamin Matwey
Special to American Forces Press Service
DOVER AIR FORCE BASE, Del., Aug. 17, 2009 - In 2003, Catherine Roberts, a midwife and a 25-year quilter from Seaford, Del., wanted to give a wounded soldier a quilt to bring him comfort during his recovery.
"We are a nation at war," Roberts said. "Warriors need something tangible, a physical representation of love, support and remembrance."
That simple idea drove Roberts to start the nonprofit Quilts of Valor Foundation, chartered in Delaware. The project, now six years strong, has awarded tens of thousands of handmade quilts to American troops.
"Once I got the first quilt done, I had to find a wounded recipient," Roberts said.
The first quilt went to a soldier at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. A Web search put her in touch with Army Chaplain John L. Kallerson, who "knew the power of the quilt," Roberts said, because his wife Connie also was a quilter.
Kallerson accepted the first quilt for a wounded soldier and "opened the doors at Walter Reed for our Quilts of Valor," Roberts said.
Initially named Quilts for Soldiers, she quickly changed the name to Quilts of Valor to embrace all branches of the armed forces. Roberts built a Web site to connect quilters, and developed a system to find recipients at dozens of medical facilities and put the quilts into the hands of troops.
Marrying quilting groups -- a form of face-to-face social networking in place since before the Civil War -- with the power of the Internet, Roberts soon had a modern, nationwide supply and distribution network for the foundation.
The foundation's Web site describes the essence of the organization: "A Quilt of Valor is a wartime quilt, made to honor those touched by war. This foundation is not about politics. It is about people."
The foundation intended to award quilts to each U.S. servicemember wounded physically or psychologically by service in Iraq and Afghanistan, but the mission since has expanded to include all U.S. servicemembers and veterans from all conflicts affected by war.
To accomplish the foundation's mission, Roberts reached out to the U.S. quilting community, estimated to be as large as 27 million people, with a simple message -- she asked them to volunteer their time to make custom quilts to award to the nation's troops.
Quilts were soon on their way beyond Walter Reed to every military medical center in the United States and to several in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as Veterans Affairs medical centers, U.S. and overseas military bases, two U.S. military service academies and Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va.
The quilts also appeared aboard military transports flying troops from the combat theater to stateside, in airport USO lounges, Veterans of Foreign Wars and American Legion posts, churches, schools, shopping mall parking lots and private homes.
Since that first quilt, Roberts has made about 10 visits to Walter Reed where chaplains and Red Cross members assist in awarding hundreds of quilts. A kindergarten class from New York once travelled to Walter Reed to deliver quilts the children helped make.
According to the foundation, to date, more than 23,000 active-duty, Reserve and National Guard troops have received quilts, the majority for soldiers, followed by Marines, airmen, sailors and Coast Guard members.
"Our servicemembers have been touched by war, and now it is time for them to be touched by our comforting and healing wartime quilts," Roberts said. "What makes the Quilt of Valor stand out is that this wartime quilt says without equivocation or hesitancy, 'thank you for your service, sacrifice and valor while standing in harm's way for our country.'"
Those affected by the human costs of war also receive quilts.
As Roberts continued efforts to support troops during wartime, she became aware of the Air Force Mortuary Affairs Operations Center here. She learned how the center's workers, most from the Air Force, but with contingents from the Army, Navy and Marine Corps, felt the impact of war due to their mission. Unit members handle the dignified transfers of fallen servicemembers, communicate with grieving family members and prepare the fallen for return home.
The foundation awarded quilts to center workers in December 2006, and since then to nearly 300 people after every deployed rotation of civilians and troops.
Chaplain David Sparks has worked at the center for more than five years, with previous tours of duty dating back to 1980. The impact of the quilts has been "huge, just huge," Sparks said.
"My first day and week was really hard at [the center]," Sparks said. Several weeks after he had received his quilt and after a particularly challenging day, something hit him. "I went home. I pulled this quilt around my shoulders. I felt love, care. Tears came down," he said.
"I feel that someone was thinking about me when they built this [quilt]," he continued. "When I put this quilt around my shoulders, I feel the loving arms of this country and the quilters who made it."
In June, Quilts of Valor volunteers travelled over the roadways in a caravan from California to Camp Lejeune, N.C., awarding quilts at stops along the way. American Legion and Rolling Thunder motorcyclists accompanied them during several legs of the trip.
The final quilts went to 1,352 Marines at the 3rd Battalion, 8th Marine Regiment at Camp Lejeune, who had just returned home after a seven-month rotation to southern Afghanistan.
Roberts is intimately familiar with wartime military service. When she began Quilts of Valor, her son was preparing to go to Iraq with an Army military police unit. He completed a one-year deployment, and was awarded a Purple Heart after sustaining shrapnel wounds. A daughter graduated as an ensign this spring from the U.S. Naval Academy, and begins sea duty this fall.
Roberts raves about the efforts of the patriotic quilters she knows from Delaware and whom she has met across the nation, the beautiful quilts they create, and the positive responses she witnesses at the award ceremonies.
Reflecting on the many troops and their families she has met across the nation, Roberts said, "When I go about my daily activities or travel the country, I sometimes wonder if we are acting like we are a country at war. I wonder if we truly appreciate the duty and hardships that servicemembers face while we are waging war."
(Air Force Tech. Sgt. Benjamin Matwey serves in the Air Force Mortuary Affairs Operations Center public affairs office.)
*Related Sites:*
Quilts of Valor Foundation [ http://www.qovf.org/ ]
Air Force Mortuary Affairs Operations Center [ http://www.mortuary.af.mil/ ]
Quilts of Valor Offer Comfort for Wartime Emotions [ http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=55510 ]

subset: commoncrawl


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LAKEWOOD, Colo. — Leave it to Lakewood High School to take advantage of an internet trend in the most awesome way possible.
The school, which last year won a private concert from Katy Perry with their viral video version of her song "Roar," rounded up 1,000 students and faculty to take the ALS ice bucket challenge this week. The school raised some $2,400 for the cause, said film teacher Adam Ronscavage.
In the video, the school challenges Chatfield, Bear Creek and Pomona high schools to take up their buckets next.AlertMe


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Jofrati.net is an open source dofollow social bookmarking site. It is managed by an optimized content management system that lets you easily submit your valuable links in order to receive search engine traffic.


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She lived a full life, but on Valentine's Day, Shirley Bendell lost her battle to Graph Versus Host Disease in a hospital in Denver, after being cancer-free for three years.
When Shirley was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia with lymphoid blast crisis, the doctors said she would not survive.
But she beat the odds when she went into MD Anderson hospital in Texas, where doctors performed experimental treatments on her, which was part of the stem cell transplant.
During this time, signs saying, "Pray for Shirley" appeared across Fremont County, which Shirley's husband, Don Bendell, said lead to her recovery from the disease. However, complications from the GVHD, a side affect from having a stem cell transplant, ultimately took her life.
Born March 20, 1947, in Cleveland, Ohio, to Maynard and Edna (Kittinger) Ebert, Shirley grew up in Youngstown, Ohio. As a child, she broke horses and provided acrobatic exhibitions for several years until she broke her tailbone, but she continued riding horses for the rest of her life.
Shirley married Don on Sept. 6, 1981, in Akron, Ohio, where Don was raised. He dreamed of being a cowboy so the couple moved to Colorado in 1982 to achieve their dreams.
The couple made a movie, which was sold around the world, but the Bendells did not make any money. When they tried to film a sequel, they ended up in debt. So Don took up writing novels in 1988 and became a best-selling author.
Shirley was the associate producer and a supporting actress in the successful motion picture, "The Instructor," in 1984 and produced and directed several national award-winning videos.
Eventually, Don and Shirley opened Bendell Karate in Craddock Plaza, now known as Cañon Plaza, then a second one in Pueblo West, where Shirley was a sixth-degree black belt master instructor.
"We always taught karate in our spare time and had it as a business," Don said.
In 2009, Shirley was inducted into the International Karate and Kickboxing Hall of Fame, making her the third woman to be inducted into the hall. Don was inducted in 1995, which makes them the first couple to be inducted into the Hall of Fame.
Don said Shirley was proud of three things. No. 1, she was a Christian. No. 2, she was incredibly proud of her sobriety. No. 3, she was dedicated to helping alcoholics, drug addicts and their family members. Shirley dedicated her life to sobriety April 8, 1981.
Shirley's sister, Jan Guy, said, as a child, she remembered Shirley as being only a disciplinarian.
But once they grew up, they became closer because they both ran their own businesses, had a deep faith in God and both of them had really good marriages, she said.
Bendell said he remembered the adventures he and Shirley had together.
"I was talking to someone and said, 'think of the adventures that Shirley had — dinner with Ross Perot (and) breakfast with Ernest Borgnine at his invitation,'" Don said.
He said the couple worked closely together in every aspect during their lives together.
"Everything and anything I have ever done in my life has been to show off for my wife … I feel so richly and deeply blessed by God to be allowed to have a 33-year wild and wonderful love affair with her," Don said. "Very simply put, I feel deeply honored to have been her husband for (more than) three decades."
He said she had a couple shirts that read, "wife and mother of Green Berets — an incredible breed of woman." He said that "definitely describes" her.
Don said she was proud that her husband and two of her sons served in the Green Berets.
In her younger years, Shirley was the victim of an acquaintance rape and a gang rape.
But she never became bitter. Instead, she helped women to help prevent it from happening to them.
"She was so passionate about sexual assault, and Cañon City did not have a WINGS group so she started one," Don said. "After she started it, she found a couple of incest victims, got them to join and (turned it over to them)."
He explained that WINGS is a support group for women victimized by incest. In conjunction, she also set up the All Recovery in Christ, a 12-step group for alcoholics, drug addicts and anybody with an obsessive disorder or their families, he said.
"Shirley empowered so many women and girls, especially in this county and in Pueblo," Don said.
In 1997, Shirley received the Jefferson Award for her community service and work with women and girls in sexual assault prevention.
Shirley is survived by her husband, Don; children, Donald Ray Bendell Jr. (Ericka), SFC Brent Bendell, and SFC Joshua Bendell (Heather), and three stepchildren, Brooke Stark (Burwell), Brenna Husel (Jeff), Britt Bendell (Katherine); 11 grandchildren; a sister, Jan Guy (Jerry); and a brother, David Ebert. She was preceded in death by her parents; one brother, two sisters and two grandchildren.
Visitation will be from 4-8 p.m. Thursday at Holt Family Funeral Home and from 1-2 p.m., prior to the Funeral Service at 2 p.m. Friday at the Evangelical Free Church, 3000 E. Main St.


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One of the last Lagoon 570. Boat is in like new condition with permanent crew on board. Full equipment.
4 cabins, 4 heads, 9 berths, galley down, separate crew cabin and head.
Custom made interior in teak wood.Leather upholstery.
Wood interior re-varnished 2016
Dinghy and Outboard (Available separately: ask Broker for Details)
New trampoline net 2016
Watermaker 220l/h, 5 separate air-condition units, inverter 1850W,electric toilets, TV LCD in salon + home cinema surround system
Fresh water flushing system 2016
Additional engine controls on stbd side
VOLVO D2-75 cca 300-350 hours
Full Batt Main & 2 Roller Furlers, Triradial Genaker, All electric winches
new sails (main sail & genoa).2016
The Company offers the details of this vessel in good faith but cannot guarantee or warrant the accuracy of this information nor warrant the condition of the vessel. A buyer should instruct his agents, or his surveyors to investigate such details as the buyer desired validated. Photos may not properly reflect the current condition of the actual vessel offered for sale. In some cases stock photographs may have been used.
2019 SW 20th Street
HOUSEBOAT (D Dock)
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33315
United States


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This beautiful line of coloring books is perfect for helping children grow in their faith! Filled with holy images, this book will provide wholesome entertainment while learning more about the saints and blessed people of the Catholic Church.
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12 Pack 8" Orange Paper Tissue Fluffy Pom Pom Flower Balls
Item Number: POM_08_ORNG
- Material: Paper
- Dimensions: Approx. 8" Diameter
- Easy to assemble.
- One order is for 12 pom poms
- You can hang them, stick them to walls, or even add them on top of your chair sashes
- All sizes are approximate measurements


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Provided by: libbio-perl-perl_1.6.901-2_all
Bio::PopGen::IO::csv -Extract individual allele data from a CSV parser
#Do not use directly, use through the Bio::PopGen::IO driver use Bio::PopGen::IO; my $io = Bio::PopGen::IO->new(-format => 'csv', -file => 'data.csv'); # Some IO might support reading in a population at a time my @population; while( my $ind = $io->next_individual ) { push @population, $ind; }
This object will parse comma delimited format (CSV) or whatever delimiter you specify. It currently doesn't handle the more complex quote escaped CSV format. There are 3 initialization parameters, the delimiter (-field_delimiter) [default ','], (-allele_delimiter) [default ' ']. The third initialization parameter is a boolean -no_header which specifies if there is no header line to read in. All lines starting with '#' will be skipped When no_header is not specific the data is assumed to be of the following form. Having a header line this SAMPLE,MARKERNAME1,MARKERNAME2,... and each data line having the form (diploid data) SAMP1,101 102,100 90,a b or for haploid data SAMP1,101,100,a
Mailing Lists User feedback is an integral part of the evolution of this and other Bioperl modules. Send your comments and suggestions preferably to the Bioperl mailing list. Your participation is much appreciated. email@example.com - General discussion http://bioperl.org/wiki/Mailing_lists - About the mailing lists Support Please direct usage questions or support issues to the mailing list: firstname.lastname@example.com rather than to the module maintainer directly. Many experienced and reponsive experts will be able look at the problem and quickly address it. Please include a thorough description of the problem with code and data examples if at all possible. Reporting Bugs Report bugs to the Bioperl bug tracking system to help us keep track of the bugs and their resolution. Bug reports can be submitted via the web: https://redmine.open-bio.org/projects/bioperl/
AUTHOR - Jason Stajich
Email jason-at-bioperl.org
Matthew Hahn, matthew.hahn-at-duke.edu
The rest of the documentation details each of the object methods. Internal methods are usually preceded with a _ new Title : new Usage : my $obj = Bio::PopGen::IO::csv->new(); Function: Builds a new Bio::PopGen::IO::csv object Returns : an instance of Bio::PopGen::IO::csv Args : [optional, these are the current defaults] -field_delimiter => ',' -allele_delimiter=> '\s+' -no_header => 0, flag Title : flag Usage : $obj->flag($flagname,$newval) Function: Get/Set the flag value Returns : value of a flag (a boolean) Args : A flag name, currently we expect 'no_header', 'field_delimiter', or 'allele_delimiter' on set, new value (a boolean or undef, optional) next_individual Title : next_individual Usage : my $ind = $popgenio->next_individual; Function: Retrieve the next individual from a dataset Returns : L<Bio::PopGen::IndividualI> object Args : none next_population Title : next_population Usage : my $ind = $popgenio->next_population; Function: Retrieve the next population from a dataset Returns : L<Bio::PopGen::PopulationI> object Args : none Note : Many implementation will not implement this write_individual Title : write_individual Usage : $popgenio->write_individual($ind); Function: Write an individual out in the file format Returns : none Args : L<Bio::PopGen::PopulationI> object(s) write_population Title : write_population Usage : $popgenio->write_population($pop); Function: Write a population out in the file format Returns : none Args : L<Bio::PopGen::PopulationI> object(s) Note : Many implementation will not implement this


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Trivets are now used to hold hot dishes. Most trivets of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were made to hold pressing hot irons. Iron or brass reproductions are being made of many of the old styles. Older iron trivets can be identified by the casting marks.
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Words of Wisdom (Letter to Lee)


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The video of Harrison Ford playing Uncharted 3 last week was clearly meant to communicate some kind of blessing from Indiana Jones to Nathan Drake. And Indy's a professor who taught lessons with his fists. This video features Naughty Dog's Robert Cogburn talking about how you can do the same in the studio's hotly anticipated threequel. Even though Dr. Jones didn't fire off quite as many rounds as Nathan Drake does, I think he'd approve.
UNCHARTED 3 Multiplayer Experience: Way of the Iron Fist [PlayStation Blog]
You can contact Evan Narcisse, the author of this post, at firstname.lastname@example.com. You can also find him on Twitter, Facebook, and lurking around our #tips page.</


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Wedding Photographer based in the Highlands of Scotland. Destination Photographer available worldwide. Elopement Photographer based in the Highlands of Scotland. Inverness wedding photographer
Jill and Joe tied the knot earlier this year at the wonderful Achnagairn Castle just outside of Inverness. Their wedding day was so great to be a part of and these guys were such a joy to spend the day with. Every single one of their guests helped make me feel another guest on the day and they were all such a great bunch to be around.
Jill and Joe are both Architects so it was no surprise that I loved all their little touches and styling. The geometric terrariums they used as lanterns were one of my absolute favourite pieces and I loved all the beautiful stationary which they designed themselves. Floral arrangements were created by the incredible Wild Gorse who is always a delight to work with. Make up was by the lovely Lisa Hart and Jill's amazing dress was by Maggie Sottero.
Other suppliers:
Hair – Paul Mulvaney
Cake – Cakes at No.9
Celebrant – AngieView full post »
Last Summer, I was fortunate enough to capture Rosie & Rhodri's Highland Farm Wedding. Rosie's parents farm is a short drive from Inverness in the Scottish Highlands and the whole day was just perfect.
The build up to their wedding wasn't without drama however. Rosie's Dad fell from some scaffolding while getting the barn ready for the wedding just a week before. With many broken bones, a wheelchair and a lot of morphine, amazingly he was there to walk Rosie down the aisle and deliver an incredibly emotional speech after dinner.
The whole day was such a joy to photograph as Rosie, Rhodri and their closest friends and family were all involved in making the day what is was. So many personal touches and so much hard work was put in to making this a truly DIY wedding. An incredible day spent with incredibly lovely people.View full post »
Lucy & Andrew tied the knot at the wonderful Carnegie Courthouse in the lovely Highland village of Dornoch before have a big old party at Clashmore Hall. What a joy this day was to photograph. Beautiful, lovely and warm people. So much love and happiness around, it made me feel warm inside.
A massive shout out to the ridiculously talented Wild Gorse Studio and all their amazing work. A big thank you also to the wonderful Carnegie Courthouse for putting on such an amazing day. Not bad for a first wedding at this great venue!
I'm really not that great with words so I'll just let the photographs explain why I'll remember this wedding forever. One of my absolute favourites.View full post »
I love my job. I'm incredibly fortunate to be able to do something I love and actually make a living out of it. Leonie & Kev's Highland Elopement was one of my favourite days ever and I couldn't believe how lucky I was to be a part of it.
Leonie got in touch earlier this year and I could barely contain my excitement as she told me about their plans. I joined Leonie & Kev at the wonderful Killiehuntly to photograph them getting ready before we took a short drive to the beautiful Uath Lochans, just South of Aviemore. We took a gentle walk through the woodland up to a spot which overlooked the Lochans and where Leonie & Kev planned to tie the knot. Neil Lynch (lovely man) conducted an incredibly emotional ceremony while the couple read their own heartfelt vows. Afterwards, we took a stroll through the woods to take some photographs before reuniting with their adorable dogs Rue and Cooper.
What an absolute beauty of a day. Two beautiful souls getting marriedView full post »
Last year I got to spend the day with two of the sweetest souls I've ever had the pleasure of working with. It was also one of my first times working with the insanely talented Wild Gorse which was such a treat! Bev & Colin tied the knot at the wonderful Bogbain Farm just outside Inverness and the day was just perfect. Here is a little highlight of the day went.View full post »
Katie & Tom made the long journey up North to Achnagairn late last year to see in the New Year in style. The guys had originally planned to go for a swim in Loch Ness and have some breakfast by the shore. Sadly the weather was pretty awful so plans were changed to a swift dip in the nearby Beauly Firth. I felt frozen just watching!
Back at Achnagairn, everyone warmed up before getting ready for a day of celebrating. Friends and loved ones made the short journey over to the beautiful Saint Mary's Church to witness their wedding. Then it was back to Achnagairn for some full on celebrations well into the small hours.
I was delighted to be a part of such a wonderful day and what was the perfect way to finish the year.View full post »
Recently, I joined the lovely Natalie and Matt for a few hours out in the wilderness of Kintail. These folks currently live in Paris and are the talented couple behind Living in Clips (check it out). We had a really great time talking and sharing ideas and just generally enjoying being out in the beautiful Scottish Highlands.
Here is a taste of what we got up to.View full post »
Lucy & Rory recently got married at the lovely Duffus Kirk and then carried on their celebrations at nearby Gordonstoun where they both attended as students. Their wedding was an absolute joy to be a part of and I was so happy with how the day turned out. The Autumnal colours were so beautiful and everything about their wedding was perfect. Thanks for having me folks. You were brilliant.View full post »
Helen & Keith. Two of the sweetest souls I have the pleasure of knowing. These two tied the knot at the wonderful Strahpeffer Pavilion back in September and it was pretty awesome! Helen's mother Laura, who is a humanist celebrant, carried out what was an incredibly beautiful and moving ceremony outside in the beautiful autumnal light. Definitely the first time I've had the pleasure of witnessing a mother conduct the wedding ceremony of her daughter!
Spending the day with all these lovely folks was definitely a highlight of my year. Being able to witness so much love and happiness is what makes me feel so fortunate to do what I do. Thanks for having me guys. You were amazing.View full post »
Jenny and Donald recently got married in Edderton in the Highlands. They had planned to tie the knot in the garden where Jenny grew up. All morning it rained, a lot. About 20 minutes before the ceremony was due to begin, the rain stopped and the sun began to shine.
I feel I say this a lot, which is not a bad thing I guess, but it was an absolute pleasure to be in the company of such lovely folks and be a part of such an amazing wedding.
Here is a highlight of their wonderful day.View full post »
© 2019 Steven Gallagher Photography|ProPhoto Photographer Template | La Lune Creative


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The Hoya 82mm Pro ND2 Filter has a 1-stop light reduction equal to a ND optical density of 0.3. The ACCU-ND technology in the Hoya PROND filters yields a truly neutral color balance that will not add any noticeable color-cast to your images. The Hoya PROND series is aimed at the still photography and HDSLR video markets. The series provides 10 filters from one stop to 10 stop light reduction. The Metallic ACCU-ND coating on the PROND filters do not color shift as you move from one density to the next, a common problem with other series of neutral density filters. Now you can set your white balance once and have the same color balance even if you need to change filters due to changes in lighting, or for creative effect. The PROND filters use Hoya's exclusive clear optical glass that has a metallic ACCU-ND coating front and back to create the neutral density affect. Neutral density filters are designed to reduce the amount of light entering your camera lens and should not have any other effect on the image. Reducing the amount of light allows for the use of wider apertures or slower shutter speeds for creative and dramatic effect in bright lighting conditions.
Hoya 82mm ProND2 Filter
Plastic Storage Case
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Job Description
BC/BE Clinical Dermatologist
Scott & White Healthcare
Waco and Killeen, Texas
Scott & White Healthcare, Department of Dermatology, is seeking BC/BE clinical dermatologists to join its multi-specialty clinics in Waco and Killeen, Texas. The demand for dermatological services in this area with a drawing population of nearly 250,000 is virtually untapped and the physicians selected will be in on the ground floor of a practice that has potential to grow rapidly in 2 new locations.
Scott & White Clinic Waco, TX, is an established 40- physician multispecialty clinic seeking to expand Dermatology. Phototherapy will be offered at this site as well and Mohs Surgery and Dermato Pathology support. Waco, the home of Baylor University a Division I school in the Big 12 and is a great place to raise a family. Waco is 2 hours south of Dallas/Fort Worth, 1.5 hours north of Austin, and has an airport with regional jet service to DFW and Houston Bush airports.
The Killeen/ Metroplex Health System is the primary healthcare provider for West Bell, Coryell, and Lampasas counties. High patient demand has driven the need to expand new office facilities and Dermatology services in that area to enhance the existing medical services which include 260 physicians representing 43 specialties and a 148-bed facility.
The Dermatology Department at Scott & White consists of 13 Physicians in 3 clinic locations in delivering the most advanced and comprehensive care for skin disorders in Central Texas. The Temple campus hosts an ACGME fully accredited dermatology residency program with 9 residents and 8 faculty, is the primary teaching campus for Medical Students thru Texas A&M Health Science Center COM.
Scott & White is a fully integrated health system and is the largest multi-specialty practice in Texas, and the sixth largest group practice in the nation. Scott & White employs more than 1,100 providers, physicians and research scientists who care for patients covering 25,000 square miles across Central Texas. Scott & White owns, is partnered with, or manages 11 hospitals across Central Texas. Scott & White primary facility is a 636-bed Level I Trauma acute care facility in Temple, along with an additional 50-bed Long Term Acute Care Hospital in Texas, another 150-bed acute care hospital in Temple, a 76-bed acute care facility in Round Rock (greater Austin area), and a network of 50 primary and specialty clinics throughout the region.
Scott & White offers a competitive salary and comprehensive benefits package, which begins with four weeks vacation, three weeks CME and a generous retirement plan.
Contact Information
Please send your CV to: Deborah Dixon, Physician Recruiter, Scott & White Clinic: firstname.lastname@example.com


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It�s time to sweep up the sawdust, dust off the box office counters and pull the plastic off the theater seats.
SANDESTIN � It�s time to sweep up the sawdust, dust off the box office counters and pull the plastic off the theater seats.
At long last, the new Carmike�s Boulevard 10 theater will open its doors next Thursday with a special midnight premiere of the film �GI Joe: Redemption.�
The state-of-the art digital theater at Grand Boulevard at Sandestin has been in the works for about two years. Not only will it be the only theater in South Walton County, it will offer an experience that will draw attention from across the Southeast, said Terrell Mayton, director of marketing for Carmike Cinemas.
�There is nothing like this theater in the entire state,� he said.
The 10-screen, 1,800 seat theater will have two main attractions.
One is the Big D, or big digital, screening room. It will feature a 60-foot-wide, 3-story screen for 2-D and 3-D films and leather, reclining seats.
The screen has a proprietary coating that adds to the brilliance of the picture, Mayton said. They use 32 trillion colors for an �ultra-bright, ultra-crisp� image.
�The common comment we get is �wow, this is HD on steroids,� � he said.
The Big D theater also will feature a high-tech digital sound system tuned to a 7.1 speaker array, but with capability to upgrade to 11.1, which doesn�t yet exist but will be used to screen films in the future.
Mayton said Carmike has been a leader in digital film screening since 2006.
�It is truly the cutting edge of presentation in cinema,� he said.
This will be the first Big D theater in Florida. There are 17 nationwide.
Another screening room will serve food and alcohol.
The Ovation Dining Club�s menu will offer items ranging from crab cakes to grilled sandwiches to steak burger sliders and wine and beer.
The theater will have swing-out tables and tableside service.
It�s the second dining theater the company has opened. The other is in Chattanooga, Tenn.
�We�re so excited about it,� Mayton said. �Menus have been in testing for several months and are getting rave reviews.�
The entire theater will have a popcorn factory and Coca-Cola freestyle machines that will allow customers to mix and match their sodas from more than 140 flavors.
On Stimulus Tuesdays, popcorn, drinks and candy will be $2 each.
Super bargain matinees from 4 to 5:30 p.m. are $5.50.
�We really have something for everyone,� Mayton said. �The folks from 30A, from Panama City to Pensacola and all the people who come for vacation here, they are going to find a theater that is incomparable. We look forward to hosting them over the next weeks and months and years at Boulevard 10.�
Thursday�s midnight premiere and grand opening will be held in the Big D theater.
Boulevard 10 will open for regular business with a full slate of matinee screenings Friday, March 29.
Contact Daily News Staff Writer Lauren Sage Reinlie at 850-315-4440 or email@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @LaurenRnwfdn.


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i own both eyetech amigaone g3se and commodore a1200 with ppc
on both I have installed AOS4.1FE
the problem started when I upgraded to the last amiupdate, some months ago, on the amigaone
after this upgrade, amiupdate would serch for new updates, then list me some updates, but the blue bar reaches 100% and then nothing happens.
reading the au.log file, it says it can't figure out the size of the updates to be downloaded
this happened months ago, so I haven't made any update from then
yesterday I started amiupdate with my classic a1200, and remembering the problems with amigaone, I said NO when the requester came up telling me that I could upgrade amiupdate.
so I found the AOS4.1FE update 1, downloaded it, installed with no problems
I installed also a couple of updates that where in list.
I was not able to install the aiss update, it was downloaded but nothing happened.
anyway, let me say that as soon as I made a warm reset (and later also cold resets), the aos4.1fe up1 started, but I quickly found out that there are problems. but these I will discuss in another post, maybe.
after this, I decided to upgrade amiupdate to the last version.
I did it, than started it
so what's happening with amiupdate?
how can I get it working and downloading the files? the log said the same, impossible to know the size of the files to download.
how can I fix it?


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Thoughts for World Food Day, October 16
Given the state of the U.S. economy, it's not shocking that families are struggling to put food on the table, children are increasingly among those going hungry, and foreign aid that helps feed people across the globe is on the chopping block of our nation's budget.
Tomorrow is World Food Day, a day dedicated to increasing awareness about global hunger. Though mainly talking about foreign food aid, Bruce White of Catholic Relief Services talks about how to reshape our thinking about the fight against hunger to help more people access food.
It's thinking that we need closer to home, as well. The numbers from the Census Bureau are in, and though not necessarily surprising, they still tell a grim tale of children as the new face of poverty, with about 22 percent of children living in poverty. There is even a new character on Sesame Street, Lily, whose family struggles with hunger.
As Religion News Service calls attention to, churches are among the first places that families go in need of help when fighting against going hungry. However, as one pastor in the article notes, "The food pantry is no longer just something that we want to do on a volunteer basis for the community. Now it's a mandatory thing that we have to have because of the need that we can see in these families and in these kids." (This is even more troubling in light of the fact that tithing in Protestant churches is at an all-time low.) However, churches can't be alone in providing aid, notes Our Sunday Visitor, saying that parishes would likely be unable to fill any gap left by cuts to federal programs offering assistance for needy families.
And, though it is certainly necessary to provide emergency food assistance, we should also be thinking in the long term. What can we do to help ensure that jobs are created and available? How can we make sure that jobs pay a liveable wage, so that families won't have to choose between food and other basic necessities? What can we do to lower costs of health care so that entire incomes won't go to paying medical bills? How much will cutting foreign aid from our food budget really reduce our deficit?
These are just some of the questions facing us as a nation this World Food Day.
For more resources and information, visit worldfooddayusa.org.


text: SOMERSWORTH — The Somersworth/Coe-Brown hockey team spent a day giving back to the community by recently cleaning up around the Somersworth American Legion. he players greatly appreciate all that the American Legion, the local businesses and community have done for them and continue to look for ways to do the same. A couple of upcoming events the team is supporting are the Cancer Benefit game vs Noble/Wells on Dec. 5 with the proceeds going to Amy's Treat, and a Toys for Tots drive at the game on Dec. 15.


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After writing her first novel in fifth grade–the first page of which was entirely in Pig Latin–Trisha Bartle spent much of her life ensconced in words. Though she came out of college with a degree in video game development, her eye was always on writing. She has won various awards for her fiction, including first place in the Creative Quill writing contest for her short story, "The Walk". She began her professional writing business in early 2007 and started her professional beauty blog, Makeup Files, in 2008. Trisha Bartle resides amidst the mountains of Montana.
Writing Credits
- Crafting engaging and informative articles and blog posts for freelance writing clients since 2007.
- Utilizing social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest and Stumble Upon to drive traffic to clients' websites.
- Weaving keywords into online content to drive search traffic without interrupting flow.
- Building up my beauty blog, Makeup Files, since 2008 to become a critically acclaimed blog.
- Wrote and released non-fiction ebooks on Amazon Kindle, including The Complete Eyebrow Guide, The 30 Day Ultimate Beauty Makeover and Learn Blogging From a Pro..
Writing Styles:
- Web Content
- Blog Posts
- Ebooks
- Product Descriptions
- Promotional Material
Freelance Clients:
A few major clients from the past 7+ years:
- Priceline
- The Richest
- Elegant Gift Gallery
- Tyra Banks' TypeF.com
- Chron.com
- MadeMan.com
- DexKnows Weddings
- Technorati Women
- MyWeddingFavors Blog
Want to hear directly from clients? Check out my testimonials.
- Minnesota School of Business; AAS in Programming and Game Development
- Third Place Award for Short Fiction – Minnesota School of Business, Winter 2006
- First Place Award for Short Fiction – Minnesota School of Business, Spring 2005
For my beauty blog, Makeup Files:
- Top Beauty Blog of 2011 From SHAPE Magazine
- Top Beauty Blog to Watch in 2011 From BeautySchool.com
- Top 50 Beauty Blog of 2011 From EverydaySale.co.uk
For More Information:
For recent examples from my portfolio, visit the Work section.
You can contact me directly in two ways:
- Use the contact form.
- Email me directly at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Follow me using the social media links below!


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This is the dirty secret of Orange County politics: Orange County taxpayers have had hundreds of millions of dollars taken from their pockets and given to residents of other California counties.
Don't believe me? Just look at the numbers:
Orange County taxpayers keep fewer of their property tax dollars here at home than the taxpayers of any other county in California.
Only 14.1 percent of Orange County property-tax revenue stays in our county.
If you live next door in Los Angeles County, then 24.2 percent of your property taxes actually support services in your community. San Bernardino keeps 24 percent. San Francisco County keeps a whopping 70 percent.
Why are Orange County taxpayers getting the worst deal in the state? Why do we rank dead last of 58 counties in California?
For starters, most taxpayers don't know about or fully understand the causes of the inequity. If they did, they would elect representatives who could maneuver through Sacramento like statesmen to find solutions to Orange County's problems instead of insulting their potential allies by spouting ideology aimed at scoring political points.
Yet, we keep sending right-wing extremists to Sacramento who have little interest in compromise and little inclination to reach across the aisle. They attempt to promote a narrow, intolerant self-interested agenda that renders them both meaningless and powerless in the Capitol.
As a result, Orange County has not only been shut out of meaningful participation, it is viewed as a pariah. That has been devastating for Orange County taxpayers.
The reality is that we're in an even weaker position after the November election. California has become a solidly blue state. Every statewide constitutional office is held by a Democrat. Democrats hold a supermajority in the state Assembly. A recent resignation has temporarily left them one vote short of a supermajority in the state Senate, but they will regain that edge within a few months as three vacant seats are filled.
As the baby boomer generation steadily declines in numbers and demographics shift towards a younger and more ethnically diverse population, that reality is not going to reverse itself.
It will only become more pronounced. Supermajorities are here, and it's not likely they are going away.
If ideological purity and obstructionism didn't work in the past, it sure won't work going forward.
The only way to ensure Orange County taxpayers are treated more fairly in Sacramento, and the only way to enhance our living conditions and improve the business climate here, is for our state senators and Assembly members to accept that California is a blue state and work within it.
Yet many of our Orange County elected representatives still attempt to govern as though they were in control, which continues to take hundreds of millions out of the pockets and family budgets of Orange County taxpayers and putting our money directly into the pockets of taxpayers in surrounding counties.
That needs to change. And if our elected leaders won't wake up, then Orange County's taxpayers need to find new leaders.
Nick Berardino is general


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Planning a visit? Take the tour to to get complete information on our historic trains and schedule!
Get Involved
Since 1972, the Hocking Valley Scenic Railway has been entirely managed, operated, and maintained by volunteer members. If you have an interest in historic preservation and interpretation, we have a place for you! Our friendly volunteers have helped make memories for thousands of families over the last forty-four years--you can be one of us! And if you're not local to Nelsonville, that's okay--you wouldn't be alone! We have many volunteers from up to a two-hour drive away that help out consistently. Please consider joining today!
The Hocking Valley Scenic Railway has been all-volunteer-operated for over forty years. You can be a part of history! There's always a need for car hosts, brakemen, conductors, depot staff, shop personnel, track maintainers and more! No prior railroad experience is required. With your willingness to learn, we can train you right from your experience and skill level.Membership Basics
Even though we are entirely self-funded through ticket sales, there's only so far we can go with volunteer labor and tickets. To accelerate our restoration and maintenance projects to help preserve railroad history and make for an even greater experience to our visitors, monetary (and even tool and equipment) donations are always welcome! We are a 501(c)3 non-profit corporation, so all donations are tax deductible! Please consider donating today, and we thank you in advance!Ways to support
What our visitors are saying about their experience
If you are looking for a fun train experience with an authentic feel to it this is it! You walk up to an authentic train station in front of a real train that is running and take a ride that is not too long but is "just right" as far as the time goes! The kids love it and you can tell the people who volunteer to staff this really enjoy what they do!TripAdvisor Review from honest316
We found the train ride to be very enjoyable and peaceful. The price is definitely a plus, It is a good value. We enjoyed the narrative of the area and of the train given by the volunteer.Joyce M
The Hocking Valley Scenic Railway is a good family value. The price is reasonable and the ride is enjoyable. You also learn a bit about the history of the area, which was once rich in coal, iron, and clay.TripAdvisor Review from Thither47
The Hocking Valley Scenic Railway is a family-friendly atmosphere. My Grandkids LOVE the train rides. Besides the regular seasonal weekend trains, they have special event trains like the always-popular Easter Bunny and Santa Trains.Phillip B


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Almost as soon as you see that little pink line on the pregnancy test, the worry seems to set in. You start thinking about the two cups of coffee you had at work yesterday, the glass of wine you sipped at dinner last week, the tuna steak you devoured for lunch 2 weeks ago.
No doubt about it, pregnancy can be one of the most thrilling and most worrisome times in a woman's life. Of course, when you're pregnant, what you don't put into your body (or expose it to) can be almost as important as what you do. The official, scary-sounding word for something that may cause birth defects or harm to a fetus is teratogen, and can include drugs, medications, infections, chemicals, etc.
But stressing out about every little thing you come into contact with can make for a long and taxing three trimesters. And beating yourself up about things you did before you knew you were pregnant or before you found out they could be hazardous won't do you or your baby any good.
Questions abound regarding what you can and can't do during pregnancy. But the answers may not always come from the most reliable sources, so you might worry unnecessarily. Some warnings from friends and other well-wishers are worth listening to; others are popular but unproven rumors.
Knowing what could truly be harmful to your baby and what's not a real concern is the key to keeping your sanity during these 40 weeks.
You should be particularly mindful of a handful of things during your pregnancy, some of which are more harmful than others. Your doctor (or other health care provider) will talk to you about those that should be avoided altogether, dramatically reduced, and/or carefully considered during pregnancy.
Should I avoid it? Yes! Although it may seem harmless to have a glass of wine at dinner or a mug of beer out with friends, no one has determined what is a "safe amount" of alcohol to drink during pregnancy. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is caused by the consumption of a large amount of alcohol during pregnancy. What that amount is versus a safe amount is really not known. Because of the uncertainty, it's always wise to err on the side of caution and not drink any alcohol at all while you're pregnant.
What are the risks to my baby? One of the most common known causes of mental and physical birth defects, alcohol produces more severe abnormalities in a developing fetus than heroin, cocaine, or marijuana.
Alcohol is easily passed along to the baby, who is less able to eliminate alcohol than the mother. That means an unborn baby tends to develop a high concentration of alcohol, which stays in the baby's system for longer periods than it would in the mother's. And moderate alcohol intake, as well as periodic binge drinking, can possibly damage a baby's developing nervous system.
What can I do about it? If you had a drink or two before you even knew you were pregnant (as many women do), don't worry too much about it. But your best bet is to not drink any more alcohol for the rest of your pregnancy.
If you're an alcoholic or think you may have a drinking problem, be sure to talk to your doctor about it. He or she needs to know how much alcohol you've consumed and when during your pregnancy to get a better idea of how your unborn baby may have been affected. Your doctor may also be able to start you on a path to getting the help you need to stop drinking — for your sake and your baby's.
Should I avoid and/or limit it? Yes. It's wise to cut down or eliminate caffeine intake. Studies indicate that caffeine consumption of more than 200-300 milligrams a day (about 2-3 cups of coffee, depending on the portion size, brewing method, and brand) might put a pregnancy at risk. Less than that amount is probably safe.
What are the risks to my baby? High caffeine consumption has been linked to an increased risk of miscarriage and, possibly, other pregnancy complications.
What can I do about it? If you're having a hard time cutting out coffee cold turkey, here's how you can start:
And remember that caffeine is not limited to coffee. Green and black tea, cola, and other soft drinks contain caffeine. Try switching to decaffeinated products (which may still have some caffeine, but in much smaller amounts) or caffeine-free alternatives.
If you're wondering whether chocolate, which also contains caffeine, is a concern, the good news is that you can have some of the scrumptious treat in moderation. Whereas a cup of brewed coffee has 95-135 milligrams of caffeine, the average chocolate bar has between 5-30 milligrams. So, small amounts of chocolate are fine.
Are there some I should avoid? Yes. Foods that are more likely to be contaminated with bacteria or heavy metals are ones to try to avoid or limit your exposure to. Those you should steer clear of altogether during pregnancy include:
Also, although fish and shellfish can be an extremely healthy part of your pregnancy diet (they contain beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and are high in protein and low in saturated fat), you should avoid eating certain kinds due to high levels of mercury, which can damage the brain of a developing fetus.
Fish to avoid:
What are the risks to my baby? Although it's important to eat plenty of healthy foods during pregnancy, you also need to avoid food-borne illnesses, such as listeriosis, toxoplasmosis, and salmonella, which are caused by the bacteria that can be found in certain foods. These infections can be life threatening to an unborn baby and may cause birth defects or miscarriage.
What can I do about it? Be sure to thoroughly wash all fruits and vegetables, which can carry bacteria or be coated with pesticide residue. And be mindful of what you're buying at the grocery store or when dining out.
When you choose seafood, eat a variety of fish and shellfish and limit the amount to about 12 ounces per week — that's about two meals. Common fish and shellfish that are low in mercury include: canned light tuna, catfish, pollock, salmon, and shrimp. But because albacore (or white) tuna has more mercury than canned light tuna, it's best to eat no more than 6 ounces (or one meal) of albacore tuna a week.
You may have to forego a few things during pregnancy that you normally enjoy. But just think how delicious they'll taste after waiting 9 months!
Should I avoid it? Yes. Pregnancy is the prime time to get out of cleaning kitty's litter box. But that doesn't mean that you have to keep away from Fluffy!
What are the risks to my baby? An infection called toxoplasmosis can be spread through soiled cat litter boxes and can cause serious problems in a fetus, including prematurity, poor growth, and severe eye and brain damage. A pregnant woman who becomes infected often has no symptoms but can still pass the infection on to her developing baby.
What can I do about it? Have someone else change the litter box, making sure to clean it thoroughly and regularly, then wash his or her hands well afterward.
Should I avoid them? Some — yes; others — no. There are many medications you should steer clear of during pregnancy. Be sure to talk to your doctor about which prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs you can and can't take, even if they seem like no big deal.
What are the risks to my baby? Even common OTC medications that are generally safe may be considered off-limits during pregnancy because of their potential effects on the baby. Certain prescription medications may also cause damage to the developing fetus. (The type of harm and extent of possible damage depends on the kind of medication.)
Also, although they may seem harmless, herbal remedies and supplements are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). That means that they don't have to follow any safety standards and, therefore, could be harmful to your baby.
What can I do about it? To make sure you don't take anything that could put your baby at risk talk to your doctor about:
Also, be sure to let all of your health care providers know that you're pregnant so that they'll keep that in mind when recommending or prescribing any medications. If you were prescribed a medication before you became pregnant for an illness, disease, or condition you still have, your doctor can help you weigh the potential benefits and risks of continuing your prescription.
If you become sick (e.g., with a cold) or have symptoms that are causing you discomfort or pain (e.g., a headache or backache), talk to your doctor about medications you can take and alternative ways to help you feel better without medication.
Should I avoid them? Yes!
What are the risks to my baby? Pregnant women who use drugs may be placing their unborn babies at risk for:
And their babies could also be born addicted to those drugs.
What can I do about it? If you've used any drugs at any time during your pregnancy, it's important to inform your doctor. Even if you've quit, your unborn child could still be at risk for health problems. If you're still using drugs, talk to your doctor for help on how to quit. Health clinics such as Planned Parenthood also can recommend health care providers, at little or no cost, who can help you quit your habit and have a healthier pregnancy.
Should I avoid it? Yes! You wouldn't light a cigarette, put it in your baby's mouth, and encourage your little one to puff away. As ridiculous as this sounds, pregnant women who continue to smoke are allowing their fetus to smoke too. The smoking mother passes nicotine and carbon monoxide to her growing baby.
Likewise, you should steer clear of people who are smoking, whether they're coworkers, friends, family members, or other diners at a restaurant (if your state still allows smoking in public places).
What are the risks to my baby? If a pregnant woman smokes, it could cause:
And the risks to a fetus from regular exposure to secondhand smoke include low birth weight and slowed growth.
What can I do about it? If you smoke, having a baby may be the motivation you need to quit. Talk to your doctor about options for kicking the habit.
If you spend time with people who smoke, ask them nicely to do it outside — and away from you if you're outside as well. And, of course, request the nonsmoking area whenever you dine out.
Whether you read it on an online pregnancy chat board, heard it from your best friend's coworker's cousin, or aren't sure where that nagging doubt came from, worries about what's OK during pregnancy abound. Here's the lowdown on some common ones that many expectant women wonder about.
Should I avoid them? Although some are OK, one in particular isn't so clear-cut.
Aspartame, sucralose, stevioside, and acesulfame-K have been found to be safe to use in moderation during pregnancy. However, you should avoid aspartame if you or your partner has a rare hereditary disease called phenylketonuria (PKU), in which the body can't break down the compound phenylalanine, which is found in aspartame. In that case, you should avoid aspartame altogether since your baby may also be born with the disease.
But the jury still seems to be out on whether saccharin, which is found in some foods and in the little pink packets, is safe to use during pregnancy or not — it can cross the placenta and could stay in the fetus' tissue. (Also, a sweetener called cyclamate was banned in the United States because of concern about cancer.)
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? Although some people have alleged that the artificial sweetener aspartame is linked with birth defects and illnesses ranging from multiple sclerosis to Parkinson's disease, government authorities and medical groups throughout the world have evaluated aspartame and approved it as safe for human consumption, including during pregnancy.
Research done during the 1970s suggested that saccharin caused bladder cancer in lab rats when given in large quantities. Since then, though, those studies have often been called into question. Also, a warning saying that it could cause cancer was removed from all saccharin-containing products' labels in 2000.
What can I do about it? With aspartame, sucralose, stevioside, and acesulfame-K, moderation is the key. It's OK to have an occasional diet soda or sugar-free food with these sweeteners here and there. But if you're really craving something sweet, it's probably better to have the real thing, as long as it's in moderation.
If you've already consumed something with saccharin in it during your pregnancy, don't obsess about it. It's highly unlikely that small amounts could do any harm to your baby.
Still, it's wise to check product labels and try to avoid — or at least limit — anything with artificial sweeteners (especially saccharin), just to be safe. After all, this is one time in your life when you have a good reason to avoid diet foods! And the more naturally flavored whole foods you eat during pregnancy, the better.
Should I avoid them? No. There is no evidence that computer monitors (also called video display terminals, or VDTs) cause any problems in unborn babies.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? There's been speculation since the 1980s that VDTs are unsafe for pregnant women because of low levels of radiation (electromagnetic fields). But according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), computer monitors have not been found to cause low birth weight or preterm births.
What can I do about it? You don't need to do anything. Before you quit your office job or sit 10 feet away from the screen using a pool stick to type, rest assured that computer monitors are OK.
Should I avoid it? No, not unless your due date is near or your doctor tells you that you or your baby has a medical condition that warrants keeping you near home. Women with certain health conditions — like high blood pressure (hypertension) or blood clots, a history of miscarriage, premature labor, ectopic pregnancy, or other prenatal complications — are encouraged not to fly.
Otherwise, most healthy pregnant women can fly up to 4 weeks before their due date. After that, it's best to stay close to home in case you deliver.
Note: it is recommended that pregnant women not fly to areas with high altitudes, regions with disease outbreaks, or where certain vaccines are recommended for travelers beforehand.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? For women with healthy pregnancies, there are no significant risks. However, women who have difficult pregnancies, especially involving their cardiovascular system, could be compromised by air flight and should discuss any flying plans with their doctor.
What can I do about it? Discuss any plans for lengthy or distant travel with your doctor during your last trimester, just in case. If he or she says it's OK, check with the airlines to find out what their policies are regarding flying during pregnancy. (Most airlines will allow pregnant women to fly up until week 37.)
To make sure your flight is as comfortable as possible, you may want to:
Should I avoid them? No. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), because very little dye is absorbed through the skin, dying your hair is "most likely safe" during pregnancy, despite what doctors in years past may have advised. That's good news for many expectant women — coloring your hair can be a great little confidence boost when everything else going on in your body feels so out of your control.
Having said that, though, very few studies have closely examined the many different kinds of hair treatments and their potential effects on a fetus. What we do know indicates that hair treatments are most likely safe.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? None that are currently known.
What can I do about it? If you're still concerned, ask your doctor about natural, non-chemical dyes that could give you the little makeover you may need without the added worry. Also, having your hair highlighted (rather than dyed) uses far less chemicals.
Should I avoid it? Yes. For most pregnant women, low-impact exercise is a great way to feel better, look better, and help prepare the body for labor. Low-impact exercise increases your heart rate and intake of oxygen while helping you avoid sudden or jarring actions that can stress your joints, bones, and muscles. Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, stick to low-impact exercise.
How much is enough? Well, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least 150 minutes (that's 2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week for healthy women who are not already highly active or used to doing vigorous-intensity activity. If you were very active or did intense aerobic activities before getting pregnant you may be able to continue your exercise regimen, as long as your doctor says it's safe for you and your baby.
It's wise to avoid some exercises and activities, such as:
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? High-impact exercise can cause increased pressure on the structures within the uterus that could lead to problems such as premature labor or bleeding.
What can I do about it? Some of the healthy ways pregnant women can stay fit include walking, swimming, water aerobics, yoga, and Pilates. But be sure to talk to your doctor before starting — or continuing — any exercise routine during pregnancy.
Should I avoid them? Some — yes; others — no. While chemicals like ammonia and chlorine may make you nauseated because of the smell, they're not toxic, says the March of Dimes. But others, such as some paints, paint thinners, oven cleaners, varnish removers, air fresheners, aerosols, carpet cleaners, etc., may be.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? It depends on the product. Some household chemicals may have no effect, while others in high doses could potentially be harmful.
What can I do about it? Here a few tips to help keep household chemicals in perspective during your pregnancy:
Should I avoid them? Yes. They're considered poisons and pregnant women should stay away from them as much as possible.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? Although there's no evidence that the typical occasional household use of insecticides does any damage to a baby, it's best to err on the side of caution. High levels of exposure may cause:
As for insect repellents (which may contain DEET, or diethyltoluamide), the risks aren't fully known. So, it's best to either not use them at all during pregnancy or to wear gloves to place a small amount on socks, shoes, and outer clothing instead of putting repellents directly on your skin.
What can I do about it? If you have a real problem with pesky bugs around your home, the March of Dimes suggests the following:
Should I avoid it? Yes. However, exposure to high lead levels is rare for women in the United States.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? Exposure to high levels of lead can cause:
But even low levels of lead can cause subtle problems with behavior and learning in children.
What can I do about it? If your home was built before 1978, it could have lead-based paint. But it only becomes a problem if the paint is chipping, peeling, or being removed. Some homes also may have lead pipes or copper piping with lead solder that can allow lead to enter the tap water.
If you have an older home or think that you may have lead piping or soldering and are concerned about lead exposure, you can have a professional come out to test your water, the dust in your home, the soil outside, and/or the paint around your home for lead.
Make sure that anyone who removes any potentially lead-based paint from your home:
To help reduce potential lead levels in your tap water, you can run the water for 30 seconds before using it and/or buy a water filter that specifically says on the packaging that it removes lead.
Should I avoid them? No. Nuke away! After all, for pregnant women on the go, especially those with other kids, microwaves are usually a must.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? There are no medically proven risks. Microwaves don't leak radiation, and any that did would emit extremely small amounts that are virtually undetectable.
What can I do about it? If you're still concerned, you might want to make sure your microwave is working properly and isn't leaking or damaged. Researchers have determined that if a microwave does leak any radiation, it diminishes exponentially with distance from the microwave. In other words, if you have any concerns, stand a few feet away instead of immediately in front of the oven.
Should I avoid or limit it? Yes. You should limit activities that would raise your core temperature above 102°F (38.9°C). They include:
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? If your body temperature goes above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 10 minutes, the elevated heat can cause problems with the fetus. Overheating in the first trimester can lead to neural tube defects and miscarriage. Later in the pregnancy, it can lead to dehydration in the mother.
What can I do about it? Instead of hot tubs or saunas, take a dip in a cool pool. And it's probably a good idea to stick to warm or slightly hot baths and showers. If you have a fever during your pregnancy, talk to your doctor about ways to lower it. And follow your body's cues that you're getting overheated when exercising or enjoying the great outdoors in the warmer months.
But if you've already become overheated during your pregnancy, don't worry too much about it. Chances are, you removed yourself from the uncomfortable situation before any damage was done.
Should I avoid them? Maybe. Although there's no proof that self-tanners are harmful to an unborn baby, there haven't been many studies done on their effects to a fetus.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? No risks specific to tanning have been documented.
What can I do about it? For a summer glow, skip the self-tanner and apply some bronzer to your face, neck, shoulders, and chest. And if you do decide to try a self-tanner, that's far safer than lying out in the sun and becoming potentially overheated. Overheating in the first trimester, as discussed above, can lead to significant problems for the baby; later in the pregnancy, it could lead to dehydration in the mother. Still, ask your doctor before applying any "tan in a bottle."
Should I avoid it? No. Most pregnant women having a "normal" pregnancy can continue having sex — it's perfectly safe for both mom and the baby, even up until the delivery. Of course, you'll probably need to modify positions for your own comfort as your belly gets bigger.
However, your doctor may advise against sexual intercourse if he or she anticipates or detects certain significant complications with your pregnancy, including:
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? You should not have sex with a partner whose sexual history is unknown to you or who may have a sexually transmitted disease, such as herpes, genital warts, chlamydia, or HIV. If you become infected, the disease may be transmitted to your baby, with potentially dangerous consequences.
What can I do about it? Talk to your doctor about any discomfort you experience during or after sex or any other concerns.
Should I avoid it? Not necessarily. Before you go out and buy a 9-month supply of bottled water, tell your doctor where you live and whether you have public water or well water.
It's also important to note that just because water is bottled doesn't necessarily mean it's safer. Although bottled water (which is regulated by the FDA) may often taste better or just different, tap water meets the same Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? Different studies show different things, according to the March of Dimes. Some have found that the chlorine used to treat public water can turn into chloroform when it mixes with other materials in the water, which can increase the risk of miscarriage and poor fetal growth. But other studies have found no such links. Also of concern to some is the potential for the water to be contaminated by things like lead and pesticides. If you have well water you should probably have it checked regularly, such as once a year, whether you're pregnant or not.
What can I do about it? If you're concerned, contact your local water supplier to get a copy of the annual water quality report. If you're still concerned and/or have private well water, have your water tested by a state-certified laboratory. This can cost anywhere from $15 to hundreds, depending on the number of contaminants you want to have your water tested for.
To help ease your mind, you could also buy a water filtration system to help reduce the levels of lead, some bacteria and viruses, and chemicals such as chlorine. But be sure to read the product's label thoroughly, as some do more than others.
Countertop pitcher and faucet-mounted units are fairly inexpensive (some for under $50), whereas systems used to treat your entire home's water supply are much pricier (up to thousands of dollars). You can also have refillable water coolers delivered to your home, often through wholesale — or bulk items — stores.
Should I avoid them? Maybe. As with self-tanners, no good studies have been done on teeth whiteners that definitively say whether they're safe to use if you're expecting. And some makers of whitening products do caution against using them during pregnancy. Some dentists encourage waiting until after pregnancy to get your teeth whitened and others say that the procedures are safe. The concern is primarily about the chemicals used in teeth whitening products that could be swallowed and the potential effect on a fetus.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? There's currently no evidence that teeth whitening can harm a fetus.
What can I do about it? Talk to your doctor before plunking down the cash on whitening products. If you'd rather wait until after your pregnancy to try to make your teeth pearly white, simply brush regularly with whitening toothpaste, which may give a little extra kick to your smile.
Should I avoid them? Many — yes; others — no. It's best to wait until after your pregnancy for most vaccines, but a few are considered safe. Your doctor may say it's OK to get a vaccine if:
The flu shot fits the criteria above and is recommended by the CDC during any stage of pregnancy. But note: only the shot made with the inactivated virus is safe for moms-to-be. This vaccine can curb flu-related problems for expectant moms, who are at higher risk of complications from the illness. And, the vaccine is safe — studies show "no adverse fetal effects and no adverse effects during infancy or early childhood," according to the CDC.
Women who are given the flu shot during pregnancy may also reduce their infants' risk of getting the flu by more than 60% in the first half of the babies' first year — when little ones are at the greatest risk of flu complications and hospitalizations. Plus, the shot fends off more than a third of fever-inducing respiratory illnesses in both mothers and their babies.
The Tdap vaccine (against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) is now recommended for all pregnant women in the second half of each pregnancy, regardless of whether or not they had the vaccine before, or when it was last given. This new recommendation was made in response to a rise in pertussis (whooping cough) infections, which can be fatal in newborns who have not yet received their routine vaccinations.
In addition to the flu shot and Tdap vaccine, other vaccines the CDC considers safe during pregnancy, only if truly necessary, are:
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? Live-virus vaccines — those containing a live organism — aren't recommended for pregnant women because of the risk that the actual infection or disease the vaccine is meant to prevent may be passed along to the unborn baby. However, this depends on the circumstances and whether the vaccine would ultimately be safer to receive than being exposed to the actual disease. For example, the chickenpox vaccine may be safer to your unborn baby than getting the infection. So, it's important to speak to your doctor if you believe that you may have been exposed to a disease.
For the most part, though, researchers don't know what the risks of some vaccines may be to a fetus. So, it's wise to just wait to be vaccinated unless your doctor tells you otherwise.
What can I do about it? Be sure to talk to your doctor before getting any vaccination during pregnancy. It's also a good idea to inform your doctor if you became pregnant within 4 weeks of having a vaccine. And if your workplace requires certain vaccines, be sure to let them know you're pregnant before agreeing to be immunized.
Should I avoid them? Yes and no. If your doctor thinks it's truly necessary — for your own well-being or your baby's — to get one during your pregnancy, then it's highly unlikely that low levels of X-ray radiation will be harmful. However, if you can safely wait to get an X-ray until after your baby is born, then that's probably the best way to go.
What are the risks, if any, to my baby? According to the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), X-rays are most likely safe during pregnancy. Most diagnostic X-rays emit much less than 5 rads, which is the limit of what the FDA suggests a pregnant woman should be exposed to.
Different imaging studies emit different amounts of radiation and the direction of the X-ray beam also affects the possible exposure to the fetus. Dental X-rays, for example, aren't cause for much concern because the X-ray area is far from your uterus. However, researchers believe that a fetus is more susceptible to damage by radiation because of the rapid rate with which their cells are dividing.
What can I do about it? First, make sure that all of your health care providers (including your dentist and the X-ray technician) know about your pregnancy before you get an X-ray. Also make sure that your stomach is covered with a lead apron.
If you're concerned and would rather not get an X-ray at all during pregnancy, your doctor may be able to use an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) test during the first trimester or an ultrasound anytime.
Although some things are certainly considered unsafe during pregnancy, try not to spend too much time wondering and worrying. When in doubt, just use common sense — if it seems like a bad idea, doesn't need to be done right now, or might be risky, hold off at least until you've had a conversation with your doctor about it. He or she can likely help ease your mind and may even give you license to do something you never expected to be able to do until after your special delivery.
Above all, make sure to follow the most important healthy pregnancy habits — eat right; get plenty of rest; steer clear of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco — and you'll be well on your way to keeping both you and your baby healthy.
Reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD
Date reviewed: March 2013
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The Persistence of Vision Raytracer (POV-Ray).
This is the legacy Bug Tracking System for the POV-Ray project. Bugs listed here are being migrated to our github issue tracker. Please refer to that for new reports or updates to existing ones on this system.
FS#58 - allow SDL code to detect optional features
Opened by Christoph Lipka (clipka) - Thursday, 10 September 2009, 14:48 GMT
Last edited by William F Pokorny (wfpokorny) - Monday, 20 March 2017, 13:27 GMT
Some features are optional in custom builds of POV-Ray (I'm thinking about OpenEXR in particular); it would be nice to have a syntax for an SDL script to check for support of such features, so it may take some fallback action if the feature is not supported.
There should be no optional features. All features should be required! If that is not possible, it should be a fatal error and POV-Ray should just stop and let the user handle the problem explicitly.
Obviously there is at least one feature that isn't always compiled into POV-Ray: The OpenEXR feature. It would be really helpful in some situations to enable a scene author to anticipate this issue and work around it by, e.g., substituting a HDRI light probe sky with some programmatically generated sky. Or abort parsin early, before e.g. loading a bunch of highly detailed tree meshes and placing a gazillion of them programmatically, only to later stumble on the inability to load that one OpenEXR texture on the Nth mesh model.
Of course if the scene author does not anticipate this situation, the fatal error should be the right thing. But that doesn't mean it has to be the only way to handle it.
While this issue is becoming less important for POV-Ray proper (with OpenEXR becoming part of the source distribution), I guess it would still be helpful to have a common framework for detection of additional features provided by patches.
- Field changed: Status (New → Tracked on GitHub)
- Field changed: Due in Version (3.70 release → Undecided)
Now tracked on github as issue #253.


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in Jech's paper: On Gödel's Second Incompleteness Theorem
He proves:
Theorem if ZF proves there is a model of ZF, then ZF proves 0=1.
In the beginning of the proof he passes to a "big enough" finite subset S of ZF (that proves there is a model of ZF and defines formulas and their satisfaction etc.)
The proof goes by looking at a model M of S and models of S within M, which can be lifted to be a model in the 'outside world', and using some diagonal sentence G for a contradiction.
My question:
Why does passing to a finite subset needed for the proof?
Another question: If once actually builds a model of set theory, the above theorem proves that ZF is inconsistent. But would that mean one could explicitly write down a list of inferences that will derive a contradiction? Could we be sure such a list exists?
Thanks, Doron


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I have a MacBook Pro 15" A1150 (MA600LL) that will not boot except in safe mode. It gets almost all of the way through the boot then freezes with two vertical checkerboard lines and the trackpad-controlled pinwheel for a cursor.
Also, the chime works at the beginning, but after boot in ANY mode the sound preference pane says there is no sound output device.
What should I do?


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Protect the waters we love
Dear Senator,
When it comes to our streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands, the waters we love deserve to be protected.
But the new administration and Congress have made clear their intentions to roll back essential protections to our clean water like the Clean Water Rule, which protects the drinking water sources of 117 million Americans.
I want stronger, not weaker clean water protections. That's why I'm calling on you to defend the waters Americans love, and pledge to block any and all legislation to roll back protections to our clean water.


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Freshman Rep. Sean Patrick Maloney plans to marry his long-time partner, who proposed over Christmas.
The New York Democrat released a statement on Tuesday with partner Randy Florke. They say after 21 years together they're excited to take the next step and share a special day with family.
Florke's proposal came after one of the couple's adopted children, 11-year-old Essie, wrote to Santa wishing for her parents to be married.
Maloney will be the second member of Congress married to a same-sex partner. Rep. Mark Pocan, D-Wis., is also married. Former Rep. Barney Frank, D-Mass., became the first sitting member of Congress to marry his partner in 2012.
Maloney represents the 18th congressional district, about 50 miles north of New York City. It's a competitive seat Republicans expect to contest in 2014.


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This Sunday, as the national honors the 10th anniversary of 9/11, there will be a host of television documentaries and tributes that will make varied attempts to put in perspective and perhaps make some sense out of the tragic events of 2001. From the making of the 9/11 Memorial at Ground Zero to never-before-told stories of Native American iron workers who became invaluable to the rebuilding efforts, the impact of the day and the years after will be carefully and thoroughly explored.
In Memoriam: New York City 9/11/01 (HBO, 7:15 AM)
Hosted by former New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, this documentary special used amateur video and photography to illustrate the impact of the terror attacks from street level, as well as inside the mayor's office as he and his staff dealt with the aftermath.
America Remembers (NBC, 8 AM ET)
NBC News will broadcast live for three-hours, covering the official memorial ceremonies at Ground Zero in New York, the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and the site of the United Flight 93 crash in Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
The Concert for New York: Ten Years Later (VH1, 4 PM)
The music channel re-airs footage from the Concert For New York benefit show, which took place at Madison Square Garden on October 20, 2001. Organized by Paul McCartney, the concert featured The Who, Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, David Bowie, Elton John, Jay-Z, Bon Jovi, The Goo-Goo Dolls, Melissa Etheridge, Billy Joel and many, many others.
9/11: In Our Own Words (MSNBC, 5 PM)
Tom Brokaw, Matt Lauer, and other NBC journalists share their personal experiences covering the events of 9/11 and the days that followed, telling stories direct from the news desks as they watched the attacks unfold live.
Slammin' Iron (HDNET, 7 PM)
This unique documentary from 2005 follows a crew of First Nations ironworkers, including Akwesasne from Ontario, and Kahnewake and Mohawk from Quebec, who leave Canada every week to drive down seven hours to New York City to work on the rebuilding of the World Trade Center site.
The Making of the 9/11 Memorial (HISTORY CHANNEL, 8 PM)
A behind-the-scenes look at the planning and eventual construction of One World Trade Center and the surrounding grounds - including an introduction to the "Survivor Tree," a tree that somehow managed to survive the attacks, was uprooted and cared for at a Bronx Nursery, and has now been replanted on the site.
When Pop Culture Saved America (BIO, 8 PM)
Comedians, actors, musicians, and others - including Denis Leary, Regis Philbin, Ray Romano, and Kristen Chenoweth - talk about the struggle to "get back to normal" and how the entertainment community tried to bring people together in light of tragedy.
9/11: Ten Years Later (CBS, 8 PM)
Robert DeNiro hosts this special that employs previously unseen footage taken by a documentary crew that happened to be riding alongside the FDNY's Engine 7 on the day of the attacks.
Rebirth (SHOWTIME, 9 PM)
This personal documentary follows five ordinary people whose lives were changed after the events of 9/11 - recounting their recovery and eventual return to hope.
Heroes of the 88th Floor (TLC, 9 PM)
A first-hand account from those who survived the impact of Flight 11 into the North Tower of the World Trade Center. This TLC special is hosted by "Law and Order" star Chris Noth.
The Space Between (USA, 9 PM)
The USA Network is re-airing this 2010 film starring Academy Award-winner Melissa Leo ("The Fighter") as a flight attendant whose plane was grounded on 9/11 who ends up accompanying a 10 year-old Pakistani-American boy whose father worked at the World Trade Center on a cross-country trip.
From the Ground Up (OWN, 10:15 PM)
Oprah's OWN Network has a documentary about five widows of firefighters killed on 9/11, and how each them managed to turn unimaginable tragedy into personal stories of triumph.


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I'll forgive it since this was made early in the day; but talk about premature threadjaculation!
Originally Posted by pslholder96
Originally Posted by Baltimoreboy
I'm not here to think for you baller.
I hope you have a huge problem with that.
Wow. A little sensitive there. Okay. Thanks for the input
If we lose this game - smote will start to say we are Dallas east - porous o-line, defensive lapses, up and down QB, struggling WRs.


text: Throughout the ancient world, essential oils such as frankincense, sandalwood, and spikenard were among the costliest commodities because of their health-enhancing properties. Historical records also reveal that the essential oils were relied upon throughout Egypt, China, and India. Frankincense and myrrh were brought to the Christ child. In fact, essential oils were so highly regarded in ancient times that kings and queens bartered them for gold and land.