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Illingen (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)
Illingen (Illing), a village (population in 1959, 1,750; 2005 population, 10,000) in Württemberg, Germany, in which there were Anabaptists in the 16th century. The Hutterite Geschicht-Buch (183) states that ten Anabaptists were executed here, but does not give names or dates. Nor is there any other information about the execution of Anabaptists here. The earliest references showing connections with the Hutterites in Moravia are dated 1554 (TA Württemberg, 142). Several families united with them. In 1565 Matthaus Klotz, a carpenter at Stammheim near Calw, born at Illingen, moved to Moravia with his wife and six children and 400 florins in cash (TA Württemberg, 547). Other Anabaptists of Illingen distinguished themselves by steadfastness in suffering and exemplary living.
Illingen was the home of Hans Dauber, who was arrested in 1581 and imprisoned in Hohenurach for his faith. After six years, declaring himself ready to join the state church, he was released. But in 1589 he was again seized "because he could not desist from his perverted manner" (675). He was then taken to Hohenwittlingen, where he was held prisoner for several decades. After an attempt to convert him in 1608 his tormentors apparently abandoned all hope of his returning to the state church; in a court record they remarked he "must be commended to God's judgment" (809).
In Illingen Dauber appears to have gained a considerable following (545). Peter Ehrenpreis, in whose possession Menno Simons' Foundation Book was found, was one of his followers. Ehrenpreis was the son of the magistrate Wolf Ehrenpreis, whom the pastor bitterly accused before the authorities of failing to take steps against the Anabaptists (562). Peter Ehrenpreis immigrated to Moravia and joined the Hutterites. Upon his return to Illingen he was seized on 10 May 1585, but was dismissed when he promised to join the state church (598 and 616). But in 1596 the pastor Johann Huttenloch in Illingen reported to Wilhelm Holder, abbot of Maulbronn, that although Ehrenpreis had formerly attended the noon services, he now remained away when the sacraments were discussed and hurried out of the church when communion or infant baptism was being observed. On 5 July 1596, he went to Moravia with his family, leaving all his possessions. By his manner of life Ehrenpreis won respect, as is shown in the report of the local pastor: "Like all the Anabaptists Ehrenpreis lives a quiet, honorable, blameless life before the world. With his Anabaptist hymns, which he sings in the vineyards and other places, and through his hypocritical conduct he has won such favor with the majority of the populace, that they would not consent to his being condemned for his Anabaptism. At a public inn recently a councilman, Jorg Augsburger, exclaimed that if a man could be saved here, then this Peter would be saved, and he wished for no other heaven than the one to which Peter would go, and that he was more highly esteemed by a great many than all the Protestant pastors" (687).
It is not at all impossible that this Ehrenpreis was the father of Andreas Ehrenpreis, an outstanding leader of the Hutterian Brethren (TA Württemberg, 66).
After the emigration of Peter Ehrenpreis there are no more reports about Anabaptist families in Illingen. In 1657 there was a rental record (Zinsbrief) concerning Anabaptist property of Illingen leased out by the official management of Anabaptist property.
Bossert, Gustav. Quellen zur Geschichte der Täufer I. Band, Herzogtum Württemberg. Leipzig: M. Heinsius, 1930: index under "Dauber, Hans"
Bossert, Gustav. "Eine amerikanische Quelle für württembergische Geschichte und Literatur des 16. und 17. Jh." Supplement to Staats-Anzeiger für Württemberg (1 June 1916)
Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. Mennonitisches Lexikon, 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. II, 407.
Wolkan, Rudolf. Geschicht-Buch der Hutterischen Brüder. Macleod, AB, and Vienna, 1923.
|Christian Hege
|Date Published
Cite This Article
MLA style
Hege, Christian. "Illingen (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1958. Web. 13 Dec 2019. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Illingen_(Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg,_Germany)&oldid=145475.
APA style
Hege, Christian. (1958). Illingen (Baden-Württemberg, Germany). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 13 December 2019, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Illingen_(Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg,_Germany)&oldid=145475.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, p. 5. All rights reserved.
©1996-2019 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.


text: Wow! I haven't visited this site for years but wanted to get engaged in it again. I've been a Fixx fan since the 80s (yes I'm really dating myself by saying that). I love their music, I learned to play drums listening to Adam Woods play and he continues to be a mentor for me. There are very few bands I can listen to day in and day out and not get sick of. Those are The Fixx, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd and Radiohead. The Fixx was the first and continues to be the best to me. Glad to be here and interested in thoughts and ideas. L

subset: commoncrawl


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Guillermo del Toro, just weeks after announcing that he was dropping out as director of "The Hobbit," is getting ready to jump back into things with a slew of new projects.
"We're gonna announce a few things at Comic-Con that are surprises," the director said in an interview with Entertainment Weekly. "But I'm probably going to announce my next directing project right after Comic-Con. It's a pretty big one."
At Comic-Con, del Toro will unveil "Don't Be Afraid of the Dark," a new horror film starring Katie Holmes and Guy Pearce that he produced and co-wrote. There is speculation that the man behind "Pan's Labyrinth" and the "Hellboy" films could be doing a re-make of "Frankenstein."
Of his decision to back out of "The Hobbit," del Toro said that it was difficult to leave the project.
"It's the biggest heartbreak of my life professionally," he said. "But at the same time, I'm entirely at peace with it."
Del Toro announced that he was backing out due to scheduling conflicts.


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Lyrics:Once in awhile I am just human, With a heart that throbs and aches! Once in awhile I meet a true man, Who lives for honor's sake! Once in awhile I seem to remember, Things said to me at tryst; Once in awhile in sweet September, Once in awhile, awhile. Once in awhile, his dear eyes shining, Into my own as bright as starts; Once in awhile, ""For you I am pining For you I'd go to war."" Once in awhile he'll say ""I love you,"" Whispering low at the close of day, Once in while, I hope it's true, dear, Once in awhile, awhile.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


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High Coast Family
Fjällräven High Coast products make it easier to be active and appreciate summer in the great outdoors. Named after the scenic coastal region surrounding Fjällräven's hometown, Örnsköldvik. An area where breathtaking views of land and sea come together to attract outdoor enthusiasts to enjoy their favorite warm weather activities, such as; hiking, kayaking, and cycling.
Designed with summer in mind, products in the High Coast family are lightweight and versatile, featuring clean lines with minimal details.
Features for products in the High Coast family:
- Lightweight outdoor
- Clean lines with minimal details
- Cool and fast-drying synthetic/cotton blends and G-1000 Lite
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High Coast Fall Trousers
Hardwearing outdoor trousers with a simple, clean design....$139.99
High Coast Stretch Trousers M
Comfortable trousers in high-quality cotton stretch fabric. ...$169.99


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Halo: Reach Xbox 360 Cheats
- Game: Halo: Reach
- Game Description: Halo: Reach follows a storyline of a Noble team, a group of heroic soldiers standing finally on the planet Reach, which is man's final defense between Covenant and planet Earth. Graphically perfected, the characters, events, and environments will catch your curiosity to have an encounter against Covenant.
Boardwalk: Green Flag Glitch cheat for Halo: Reach on Xbox 360
You go to the rock platform with the rock that is angled towards the tree platform.
Then you sprint-jump on the rock ramp and land on the tree platform.
Jump on the tree and again then jump to the platform where it says "Return to battlefield".
Jump on the red thing jutting out and sprint jump onto the pole.
Note: "Return to battlefield." This only refers to matchmaking!
Game Name: Halo: Reach
Cheat Name: Boardwalk: Green Flag Glitch
Submited by: slimjim829 on Wed, 28th March 2012 06:56 PM
- 17,000 Credits in 10 Minutes
- Achievements
- Air Walking
- Armor Lock Glitch
- Armor Lock Tip
- Armor Lock Up on Forge
- Asylum Cliff Glitch
- Banshee Spaz
- Behind the Hangar Wall
- Behind the Wall in Forge World
- Behind the Wall on Forge World
- Be Like a Grunt
- Boardwalk Camping area
- Bungee Jump
- Chief in Cryosleep
- Close to Skull in Rocks
- Club Party
- Credits Made Easy
- Crystal Armor
- Destroy a Falcon
- Disarm a Tank
- Disarm Tank with Tank
- Drivable Cars with no Turret
- Drop Weapons
- Easy Banshees, Fast and Low Achievement
- Easy Challenge Credits
- Easy Credit Game Settings
- Easy Credits
- Easy Credits II
- Easy Credits III
- Easy Custom Challenge Credits
- Easy Firefight Achievements and Credits
- Easy Firefight Credits
- Easy Flinging
- Ever Lasting Flame Thrower
- Finish Challenges Quickly
- First Award
- Floating Golfball
- Floating Guns
- Fly a Phantom
- Flying Butterfly Shield
- Flying Elevator
- Flying Warthog
- Flying while Walking without Vehicles
- Forge Credit Farming
- Forge Glass
- Forge Health Trick
- Forge World Skull Easter Egg
- Get Credits
- Get Turretless Vehicles
- Glass Cage
- Glide Without Moving
- Glowing Spartan/Elite
- Grid Super Smack
- Haunted Helmet
- Hidden Base Tip
- Hoodie Avatar Award
- Human Torch
- Invincibility on Forge
- Killing Hunters on OSB Mission
- Kill Medals
- Living Plasma Trick
- Lower Your Weapon
- More Accurate DMR/Needler
- More Target Locator Ammo
- No Gun Using Hologram
- No Weapon
- Oni Sword Base - Enemies All Gone
- Pilot a Falcon - 2nd Mission
- Piloting the Pelican on New Alexandria
- Put Your Weapon Down
- Ranks
- Reach Racer
- Real Armor Lock Glitch
- Revenant for Hunters on Oni Sword Base
- Scared Marine Easter Egg
- Second Mission Truck Driving
- Self Made Flamethrower
- Seraph Flyer
- Shark Tank
- Standing in a Warthog
- The Cage Camping Area
- Throw Grenade in Forge Mode
- Tip: Best Way To Use DMR
- Tip: Credits Easy
- Tip: Fast Kills
- Tip: Saving DMR Ammo
- Under Forge World Island
- Unlimited Armor Lock
- Unlimited Armor Locks
- Unlimited Health/Armor Lockup (Forge)
- Warthog Turret Glitch
- Weaponless
- Weaponless Vehicles
- Wraith with no Damage


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Confessions of a Right-Wing Shock Jock
I'm not a racist; I just played one on the radio.
In July, the neoconservative website Washington Free Beacon published an article with the headline "Rebel Yell: Rand Paul aide has history of neo-Confederate sympathies, inflammatory statements." The subject was a peculiar one—a staffer for Sen. Paul (R-Ky.) who had worked as a radio shock jock with the nickname "Southern Avenger" while wearing a Confederate-flag wrestling mask.
The Southern Avenger had said some pretty atrocious things. He toasted John Wilkes Booth's birthday each year and believed that Lincoln "would have had a romantic relationship with Adolf Hitler if the two met." He worried about "racial double standards for white people" and that "a non-white majority America would simply cease to be America."
Story Continued Below
That Rand Paul aide was me. I had written and said all of these things. They no longer reflected my beliefs by the time the Beacon article came out—and hadn't for a long time. Some I had completely forgotten, like the John Wilkes Booth toast. The reporter had retrieved that one from an old long-defunct website.
"He expressed surprise when read his remarks about race, saying, 'Hearing you even read that to me, because I just don't speak like that, sort of bothers me,'" the reporter wrote. "He said his views had changed dramatically."
They had changed. But it didn't matter. There was no excuse for my comments. In fact, the Jack Hunter of 2013 would have condemned the Southern Avenger of 2003 for making them.
Two weeks after the story broke, I resigned.
For the previous three years, I had worked for Rand Paul and his father, Rep. Ron Paul of Texas. I had helped Rand Paul write his 2011 book, The Tea Party Goes to Washington, and had worked to spread what I saw as his broadly appealing message of small government and personal freedom.
It was much more than a job.
I had a front-row seat for the war brewing between the Republican Party's old guard and a new breed of libertarian conservatives who were causing headaches for the establishment. The Free Beacon article led to dozens of subsequent stories calling me a kook, a racist and a white supremacist. Suddenly, Paul couldn't give an interview without being asked about me. "If I thought he was a white supremacist, he would be fired immediately," Paul told the Huffington Post. I had become a distraction.
Sen. Paul had known that I used to wear a Confederate wrestling mask as part of an old radio shtick, and I still sometimes used the Southern Avenger moniker—it was my Twitter handle and appeared on my Facebook page. But he hadn't known about the many stupid and offensive things I'd said. By the time I met him in 2010, I had changed my tone and many of my views.
The Free Beacon would eventually obtain a Southern Avenger CD in which I suggested that someone "whip" director Spike Lee, who had trashed Mel Gibson's 2000 Revolutionary War film The Patriot as "whitewash."
Whenever I put on that wrestling mask, I took on a persona that was intentionally outrageous and provocative. I said many terrible things. I disavow them.
I had forgotten about that, too. It was painful to revisit because it sounds awful to me today, so I could only imagine what it sounded like to African-Americans in 2000. I recall making equally insensitive comments about illegal immigrants and Muslims. Whenever I put on that wrestling mask, I took on a persona that was intentionally outrageous and provocative. I said many terrible things. I disavow them.
But let's be honest: My commentary wasn't all that different from what more mainstream conservatives were saying—at the time and still today.
Look at some of the popular conservative arguments of the last decade. Is our border-security problem really part of a La Raza takeover of the United States, as some have speculated? As I once speculated?
President Obama is unquestionably awful. But is it necessary to call him a food-stamp president? What kind of message does that send?
Do we need to portray Obama as a secret Kenyan-Muslim-communist consumed by anti-colonial rage? Would his policies be more acceptable if Obamacare and gun control were somehow proven to be all-American in origin?
I believe that conservatives' limited-government arguments are the right ones. So why do we ever have to go there?
Most conservatives are not, and never were, racists. But many have displayed a disregard for minorities for a very long time and in a plethora of ways. I certainly did. Minorities think we don't like them. Not enough conservatives have tried to convince them that's not true. Some seem comfortable doubling down on the same old insensitivities as a matter of being more right wing-than-thou.
It's a problem. It's also a dead end for the GOP.
I grew up in the cradle of Southern secession—Charleston, S.C.—and came of age in the 1990s, a decade defined by racial tension. The Rodney King trial would lead to the Los Angeles riots, followed by the explosive O.J. Simpson trial. Welfare, carjacking and the "dangers" of multiculturalism were conservative talk-radio staples.
My upper-middle-class parents voted Republican because they liked low taxes and keeping the government out of their business, but they weren't very political beyond that. When my mother started listening to Rush Limbaugh the summer before I graduated from high school, my father complained that Limbaugh was too loud.
I, on the other hand, was hooked. Most of the political views I had heard up to that point came from the rock stars I idolized. By comparison, Limbaugh's conservative ideas seemed fresh, even rebellious.
In the mid-90s I picked up Russell Kirk's The Conservative Mind at Barnes & Noble. I bought it because it had "conservative" in the title, and I figured it was probably about how bad the Clinton administration was.
To this day, it's the most important book I've read. Kirk acknowledges the South's tragic past (not enough, in my opinion, but the book was published in 1953), but also tried to present a more positive history. "Despite its faults of head and heart, the South," he wrote, "had hardihood sufficient for an appeal to arms against the iron new order which, a vague instinct whispered to Southerners, was inimical to the sort of humanity they knew." At 20, I had thought of my region as so scarred by slavery and racism that any conservatism in Southern history had to be bad.


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Strava, a sports community for athletes all over the world, lets you experience social fitness – connecting and competing with others via mobile and online apps. Join on-going run and ride challenges and compare your performance on segments against your own past efforts as well as other athletes.
Connect your Movescount profile to your Strava account to transfer Moves to Strava. Any Move with GPS data can be transferred automatically. Activate the connection in your Movescount settings (Movescount–Settings–Other sport services).
Learn more at strava.com
Used by world class teams, athletes, and coaches, TrainingPeaks is on the cutting edge of training with data. Log your workouts, plan your season, and analyze your heart rate, power, pace and other data. Make analysis informed training decisions and measure your progress over time.
Connect your Movescount profile to your TrainingPeaks account to transfer Moves to TrainingPeaks automatically. Activate the connection in your Movescount settings (Movescount–Settings–Other sport services).
Learn more at trainingpeaks.com
Sports Tracker
With Sports Tracker you can discover new places, learn from the pros and connect with friends to cheer each other on. Explore the community's latest workouts and training photos both in the app and online, and of course, share your own to join in the inspiration.
To use Sports Tracker with your Suunto watch, connect your Movescount profile to your Sports Tracker account and get your Moves automatically transferred. Activate the connection in your Movescount settings (Movescount–Settings–Other sport services)
Learn more at sports-tracker.com
Map MyFitness
MapMyFitness is a health and fitness technology company that powers a large social network of fitness enthusiasts. In the Map MyFitness family you can find applications like MapMyRun, MapMyRide, MapMyWalk, MapMyTri and MapMyHike.
You can track your Moves with your Suunto GPS watch and get them synced to your Map MyFitness account.
Learn more at mapmyfitness.com
Sportlyzer is a training management software for sports clubs. Coaches can manage all of their athletes in a single application: create digital athlete profiles, plan and analyze training, publish training schedules on clubs' websites, and track attendance and monthly membership fees.
For athletes Sportlyzer is a place to log and analyze their training, injuries and daily metrics, and build a network of friends to share and discuss training with.
The training you log with your Suunto can be available in Sportlyzer.
Learn more at sportlyzer.com
rubiTrack is a running, cycling and fitness software for OSX and iOS. You can view your activities on a map and analyze and compare the data using the chart and data views. All activities are grouped, sorted and included in various statistics automatically. rubiTrack also helps you manage your sports equipment and keeps detailed track of health data such as weight and other body measures.
One of the interesting features of rubiTrack is that it stores the data locally on your Mac for fast access even when offline.
Learn more at rubitrack.com
Codoon is a Chinese sports application which combines both a sports tracking tool and a sports community in one platform. While you enjoy exercising, you also can acquire professional information about general sports, running, fitness and even racing event information (both marathon & cycling).
After connecting your Movescount account to Codoon your sports data will automatically sync to the service.
Learn more at codoon.com
Migu Xempower is an advanced online and offline exercise and health management platform founded in China. The online Migu Xempower APP is a state of the art exercise and running application, with built-in features allowing unprecedented diversity in how it is used.
Learn more at myrunners.com
Tulipsport is a running and cycling app from China. You can use the app to track your runs and rides with GPS, join running, riding or triathlon clubs, share your activities and make new friends. You can sync your Tulipsport account with popular devices and applications including Suunto Movescount, Garmin, Polar, Bryton, GoLife, TomTom, Epson, Runkeeper, Endomondo, Runtastic, Apple Health etc.
Learn more at tulipsport.com
Joyrun is a running app from China. You can use the app to record your runs or sync your Joyrun account with Suunto Movescount and use your Suunto watch to collect the data. The app features GPS recording, professional sport data analysis, training programs and more.
Learn more at thejoyrun.com
HeiaHeia lets you log all kinds of activities, keep a training log for yourself, as well as share activities with others. HeiaHeia's social features – sharing, cheering, commenting, and groups – make physical activity more social and fun.
You can sync your Movescount Moves with Heiaheia by enabling the connection in Heiaheia (under 'Wearable devices').
Learn more at heiaheia.com
FunBeat is an independent social fitness log that has been selected the best website within Health & Exercise in Sweden by Internet World in 2012 and Top 100 in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013. The heart of FunBeat is their forum and the social feed where you get a great overview of how you compare with your friends.
You can sync your Movescount Moves with Funbeat.
Learn more at funbeat.se/
And there's more – many more
Suunto Movescount is compatible with dozens of 3rd party apps and services. Here are 12 more. For help with the 3rd party services, contact their support teams.
- 2Peak Dynamic Training Plans
- Discovery Vitality
- Finnair Plus
- Firstbeat Sports
- iQniter Cardio Training
- iSmoothRun
- MX Activity Mover
- Preva Networked Fitness
- RunGap
- Running Heroes
- Stryd PowerCenter
- Suunto DM5
Learn how to import training data from other sport services to Movescount
Do you have training data in other sport services and would like to import it to Suunto Movescount? Here you can find three 3rd party services that do just that.


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Hello dearest friends! Remember me? ;)
Oh my it's been a little quiet around here lately.. I'm so sorry! The new year has started wonderfully, and if I'm honest – a little chaotically, and I haven't had much of a chance to even look at this little blog in a while. But I'm hoping to change that starting now :) More posts stat!
So as the first official post of 2014, I thought it might be fun to take a quick look back at what you guys liked the most in 2013. I enjoyed doing all these posts, so it was really interesting for me to see what you all responded to! SO here we go, the Top 10 most popular posts from last year…
1. DIY Stamp Village 2. DIY Washi Tape Stool 3. DIY Spotty Jars and Jewellery Dishes 4. DIY Berry Boxes 5. DIY Fine Line Drawing 6. DIY Faux Leather Pouches 7. DIY Cement Ornaments 8. DIY Geometric Stamp Town 9. Freebie Christmas Gift Tags 10. Freebie Printable Blog Planner.
No surprises that it was the DIYs and Freebies that had your hearts last year! ;)
And just for fun, there's one post that continuously kicks all the other post's butts… it's the most viewed of all time (and not surprisingly one of the earliest DIYs I ever posted)…
Isn't that cool?!
Thank you so much for all your support through 2013, it was a phenomenal year and I couldn't have done it without you :) Here's to loads more greatness in 2014!! xo


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I don't know why I haven't posted this sooner, I blame scheduling on the wrong date, which is why I have had to rewrite slightly. It did read last weekend, but actually it is now a couple of weekends ago I was kindly invited to the crazy Red Bull Flugtag courtesy of my Paulie. This is the third time this event has been in the UK and I have been lucky enough to go to all three in the VIP area, but this was the first time out of London so we decided to make a weekend of it and see what Leeds had to offer.
Getting To Leeds:
As soon as a road trip comes up I quickly consult the OK Diner website and see if there is one on our route, and thank the milkshake gods there are three on the A1. If you haven't experienced OK Diner you have to make a road trip ASAP, this is just a cool American diner with retro fittings, huge booths and a great menu of thick milkshakes, pancakes and burgers!!
This is my normal tipple, the classic banana shake, which is delicious. On the way home I went for the Black Forest packed with 2 scoops of fruits of the forest ice cream, 2 scoops of chocolate ice cream, and blended with black cherries. It was so tasty I totally forgot to take a snap!!
The Hotel:
First up I was a little disappointed that Best Western don't have a hotel in Leeds, I know right shocker!!! As you will know if you are regular reader we are crazy BW fans since we hotel hopped up the west coast of America a few years back, so I had to go for something a little different. I have to admit I am a bit of a research geek when it comes to choosing a hotel but it didn't take me long to settle on the Cosmopolitan Hotel, mainly because of the impressive magazine collection they have in reception, but also due to its great location close to all the shops.
If like me you are a magazine addict, and I am talking about a collection that is so big that you have to cull it from time-to-time, have to store some in the loft, and even by vintage copies off eBay or at car boot sales then this is the hotel for you. The extensive 'Vogue Library' has an amazing collection of over 200 magazines, with some dating back to the 1970s, and it isn't just copies of Vogue UK, there are also Vogue US, Harper's and Queen, Vanity Fair, ELLE, and Harper's Bazaar.
I do kind of wish I had more time to check out the issues, I was fascinated with how the all important September issues looked in the 1980s I particular loved the difference between September 1982 vs 1985, love the hat!!
Not a September issue but an amazing cover, I spied the amazing Liza Minnelli looking hot on the cover of December's Vogue back in 1989. I have to admit I do love the limited text of vintage mags.
I am not sure if this is Cindy Crawford's first Vogue cover, but seriously she hasn't change a bit since April 1987 has she?
So the hotel gets an amazing five stars from me, I have to admit it wasn't the best hotel in Leeds or the cheapest and technically it is three star in hotel circles, but for a weekend away shopping and exploring Leeds it was perfect. The room was a good size, I even got rubber ducks in the bathroom, and I loved the decor as soon as I saw this chandelier I just knew it was going to be a good weekend.
If you are after a hotel that doesn't break the bank, has quirky features, spacious rooms, friendly staff and a bar with a great cocktail menu then this is the hotel for you. I would definitely recommend to anyone visiting Leeds. *I would just also like to point out – we paid for our room*
Little Tokyo:
On our first night in Leeds I wanted to treat Paulie to a great meal and someone kindly on Twitter recommended this amazing Japanese restaurant, Little Tokyo, which is a gorgeous little place on Central Road just behind the main shopping stretch. Paulie is a huge sushi fan so it was the perfect place to eat and everything from the exquisite decor, these were the twinkle lights above our table, to the wooden off-cuts formed in table tops, to the magical stream running through the restaurant with fish in, to the quirky footwear our waiter was wearing, everything about this place was just so cute.
I had the chicken Teriyaki bento box and it was gorgeous, and Paulie went for a sushi platter, both dishes came out served so beautifully in these dishes and unlike other sushi places we have eaten I couldn't finish my plate there was so much.
For dessert I enjoyed mango sorbet and it was served on a frozen bowl which had fruit and petals moulded into it, I don't think I have been to a restaurant before where so much thought had been put into the details. The whole meal was amazing, from the decor to the food, the wonderful service and most importantly they didn't want to rush us out of the door, which is always refreshing. If you are in Leeds you have to check this place out.
My Style:
As I was being brave with the dinner choice I thought I would give this whole socks and sandal look a whirl. Sorry for the crap picture, lighting and all that jazz in the hotel room and an uncooperative boyfriend meant I did it myself. Wearing my Tabio socks, F&F at Tesco denim skirt, Primark coral jumper *all about the holes*, finished off with my amazing Maggie Angus squirrel necklace and my trusty New Look coral wedges that are so comfortable to wear.
Red Bull Flugtag 2011, Roundhay Park:
Waking up on the Sunday after such a great night of Japanese food and bowling *where I won* was hard especially hearing the rain coming down, I was so lucky that Paulie made me buy a new waterproof jacket as I would have got absolutely soaked watching the Flugtag. If you haven't heard or seen the Flugtag before let me give you a quick introduction: well it is simply crazy people, who have designed crazy flying machines, which they then flop off the end of the runway!!
As always Red Bull think of everything, in the VIP section I had the luxury of sitting on some very comfortable cinema-style seats, which came with their own binoculars, I even got a cool umbrella to keep me dry, great music, a Mr Whippy ice-cream and an incredible half-time airshow.
The day may have been wet and miserable, and I have to admit Leeds didn't attract as many celeb-spots as previous Red Bull events, we only had George Lamb, Susanne Shaw, her Dancing on Ice partner, JK and Joel, some annoying actress from Emmerdale, and the best celeb had to be Mr Eddie the Eagle, a complete legend and super friendly!!
There were lots of amazing teams but my favourite and the winner of the event was 'To Infinity and the Pond'. These guys made perfect replicas of the Toy Story characters and they were amazing, so glad that they took the top spot. There was also an 'Orville', who was very true to the lyrics of his song 'I wish I could fly way up to the sky but I can't'!!
There was also a photobooth, I know it is becoming like the cupcake of events but I still love it, took a bit of convincing but I got Paulie in it, minus the funny get up he wasn't having any of it. These pics though sum up what a great weekend we had.
Leeds it was definitely too short and I admit I had lots of shopping plans but we just seem to run out of time. Don't worry Leeds I will be back!!


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Haircuts in Bemidji, MN - SmartStyle Hair Salon
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- 4 Beds
- 3 Full, 1 Half
- 4,279 +/- Sqft
Property TypeResidential – Single Family
SubdivisionHIGHLANDS AT BRECKENRIDGE
Listing Date02/08/19
Year Built2005
Lot Size1.20 Acres
Parking3 Car Garage
Property Description
Exquisite mountain residence perched on a sun-drenched homesite with sweeping panoramic views of the mountains, valley, Lake Dillon and beyond. Featuring brilliant architectural design, including dramatic great room with walls of glass and custom finishes. Natural stone fireplaces, graced with two stunning master retreats, spacious family room, study and 3-car garage. The home movie theater and outdoor living space with hot tub and gas fire pit offer great entertaining opportunities.
Presented By
- See Remarks
- Lake
- Mountains
- Woods
- Cable Available
- Deck
- Fireplace - Gas
- Ground Floor Master
- Hot Tub - Private
- Jetted Bathtub
- Multi-Level
- Patio
- Vaulted Ceilings
- Wired for Cable
- Cross Country Trails
- Golf - Public
- Health Club Membership
- Cable Tv
- City Sewer
- City Water
- Electricity
- Gas
- Phone
- Satellite
- Snow Removal
- Trash Pickup
- Natural Gas
- Radiant
- Dryer
- Washer
Financial Information
About Breckenridge
Victorian, family-oriented, and breathtaking natural beauty describe the classic Colorado ski town of Breckenridge. Enjoy countless outdoor activities, in both winter and summer, because Breckenridge averages over 300 days of sun each year and over 300 inches of snow each winter! With over one-million skier visits last year, Breckenridge is one of the most popular winter resorts in the country. Highlights include Breckenridge's historic main street, thrilling terrain parks, boutique restaurants and shops, and the Riverwalk Center. Throughout the year, cultural events like the Breckenridge Film Festival, the Backstage Theatre, weekend farmers markets and art festivals will entertain you. Quaint streets feature fine dining and endless shopping opportunities. With an array of ski-in/ski-out housing opportunities, you can throw open your front door and go. The resort ski runs come right down into town, so you can even ski home for lunch! A perfect mountain town!
Area Market Data
5 Beds 4.5 Baths
3 Beds 3.5 Baths
3 Beds 3.5 Baths
We get asked this question a lot. Below is a tool that gives you the ability to see what the market is like in your community. Find out what homes like your own are selling for right in your back yard. Simply enter in your address, choose the proximity of the search and find out market data for other homes that are selling near you.
While we'll provide you with plenty of information, this is a snapshot of your market data and there are real people behind the high-tech and automated tools. If you would like more detailed information or help in understanding the results we are here to help.
Until then, enjoy the tools!
The data relating to the real estate for sale on this website comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange program of the Vail Multi-List Service, Inc.
Copyright © 2019 Vail Multi List, Inc. (VMLS). The information displayed herein was derived from sources believed to be accurate, but has not been verified by VMLS. Buyers are cautioned to verify all information to their own satisfaction. This information is exclusively for viewers' personal, non- commercial use. Any republication or reproduction of the information herein without the express permission of the VMLS is strictly prohibited.
Listing courtesy of Slifer Smith & Frampton R.E.


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posted do not necessarily represent the opinion of LDN.
Any opinions expressed are those of
the writers.
Send a link to a friend
[May 07, 2014]
Benjamin Yount
SPRINGFIELD — If you only look at the
government spending you can see, such as roads and school buildings,
Illinois taxpayers would appear to get an OK return on their
But it's the spending you don't see that has taxpayers paying more and more
for less and less.
A new survey by WalletHub.com ranks Illinois 39th in the nation in return on
investment for government spending.
"Illinois is 47 when it comes to tax rates. It has some of the highest state
and local tax rates in the country," WalletHub.com's CEO Odysseas
Papadimitriou told Illinois Watchdog. "But when you look at the government
services, Illinois ranks 28."
WalletHub ranks states based on the quality of roads and bridges, the rank
of each state's schools, the number of hospitals and the cost of medical
care, the violent crime rate, the unemployment rate, and the state's
pollution level.
Illinois is not in the top five in any category, but is only in the bottom
five for having poor water quality.
"Those (categories) we feel are the primary responsibilities for each
state," Papadimitriou said. "To provide good infrastructure, good education,
good health system, safety for its residents, a low level of pollution and a
robust economy."
But by looking only at those measures, Wallethub ignores some significant
problems for Illinois.
The state has the third-worst unemployment rate in the nation, but Wallethub
offset Illinois' 8.4 percent unemployment rate by considering the average
cost of living, the number of people who have left the state and economic
[to top of second column]
Wallethub also ignores Illinois' massive debt — both the state's
$130 billion pension debt and the $6 billion in unpaid bills
currently sitting at the state Capitol.
"The pension obligation debt is eight times all the bond debt for
building roads and schools and everything else," said Bob Williams,
president of State Budget Solutions. "Essentially, the state has
been living on credit cards."
Wallethub doesn't factor in any of the costs of debt, either at
the state or local level.
Williams said that debt must be counted to know the true cost of
government, as most taxpayers are paying for a lot more government
than they ever see.
He said those who work for or depend on the government get a
fantastic return on investment. The rest of Illinois' taxpayers
"Not only do you (not get a return), you are expected to pay for the
cost of that public employee," Williams said.
Wallethub, unsurprisingly, ranks the energy boom states in the
northern Plains as the best for return on investment and a handful
of states in the South as the worst.
article courtesy of
Illinois Watchdog.]
Contact Benjamin Yount at
firstname.lastname@example.com and find
him on Twitter: @BenYount.
Click here to respond to the editor about this
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I'd like to offer software I found with a Google search for "DVD authoring free" and found DVD Flick.
Publisher's description of DVD Flick
From Dennis Meuwissen:
DVD Flick aims to be a simple but at the same time powerful DVD Authoring tool. It can take a number of video files stored on your computer and turn them into a DVD that will play back on your DVD player, Media Center or Home Cinema Set. You can add additional custom audio tracks, subtitles as well as a menu for easier navigation. The program supports over 45 file formats, over 60 video codecs and over 40 audio codecs. It's main target audience is people who know at least the basics about DVDs and video and audio files. This version is the first release on CNET Download.com.
And at Hack Attack:
by Adam Pash
Putting any old video file - like the DivX/Xvid-encoded videos you've downloaded with BitTorrent - onto a DVD to play on your TV can be a daunting task. There's plenty of software that tackles this sort of thing for a price, but as a lover of open source software, free's always my first choice. Luckily for all of us, authoring playable DVDs from just about any video file has gotten a lot easier in the open source community. This week I'm going to show you how to burn those downloaded TV shows to a DVD you can play in your living room using the free (as in speech), open source application,DVD Flick.
NOTE: DVD Flick's almost embarrassingly simple to use, but since it's a subject that can be confusing for people who haven't authored many DVD's, and it's a question we've been asked about several times before here at Lifehacker, we thought DVD Flick deserved a quick guide.
In a few simple steps, here's how to burn almost any video file on your computer to a playable DVD.


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The price of corn gained on the price of beans after a large run in the month of February. In fact, March beans are up 59 ¼ cents so far this month while March corn is down 2 ¾ cents even after today's trade. March corn finished 9 ¼ cents higher at $6.36 ¼, March beans 2 ¾ cents lower at $12.58 ¼, and March wheat 2 ¾ cents higher at $6.28 ¾.
USDA weekly export sales data showed corn sales at the high end of estimates while beans and wheat were at the low end. We did however see another wheat export sale to Egypt, this time for 180,000 MTs. Rumors of Chinese corn purchases were thrown around today, we just have to keep in mind how many times we heard these last year that ended up baseless, never coming to fruition. We will discuss the reality of corn exports to China again when we see actual USDA sale announcements, not without confirmation though.
I have talked a lot about the corn-to-soybean ratio over the past couple of days. This is the first day since January 31st that the new crop ratio fell (meaning corn gained on soybeans). The market has done its job trying to predict an increase in corn acres before we actually see planting intentions. We are at great levels for hedging new crop soybeans again as we don't see the need for beans to really "bid" for acres given current world supply. The market continues to put a large premium estimating South American production to be lower than current USDA estimates. If these fears are in fact overstated and production ends up not as bad as "some" say, then we may find this latest rally a good place to have sales on the books. Based on what we have seen so far for weather we still agree with the USDA expectations for S. American production. For a free trial of the EHedger research, please click on the link below.
Best Regards,
Trading commodity futures and options involves substantial risk of loss and may not be suitable for all investors. You should carefully consider whether trading is suitable for you in light of your circumstances, knowledge and financial resources. The market information contained in this message has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but is not guaranteed as to its accuracy or completeness. Market information may not be consistent with current or future market positions of EHedger LLC, its affiliates, officers, directors, employees or agents.


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As the entry-level Land Rover product in North America, the LR2 has an important role. It's the first step for many on what the company hopes will be a long and loyal journey through its product portfolio, running through Evoque to LR4, Range Rover and Sport models. So the littlest Landie has undergone a number of improvements and refinements for 2013 to bring it into line with its bigger siblings, including a responsive yet economical 2.0L turbo motor, a better equipped interior and more ability on-road as well as off.
These upgrades come after a 2011 facelift that started the vehicle's rise and played a part in the LR2's 30 awards won globally.
The car's problem was that it was built to perform off-road with the likes of LR4 and Defender - something it does remarkably well - yet had to compete with soft-roading crossover SUVs in the showroom that place more emphasis on comfort and luxury. So Land Rover took steps to level the muddy field, adding LED lighting, keyless ignition and a 7" infotainment screen with voice recognition plus the option of a 17-speaker Meridian sound system.
It still has good towing capacity - 3500 lb with the option of Hitch Assist and a rearview camera for one-man operation. There's an intelligent parking brake that adapts to the angle of a slope, as well as smart energy recuperation and Land Rover's legendary Terrain Response system.
The new four-cylinder motor delivers more power with better economy than the outgoing six and is 88 lb lighter. It's commendably smooth and suitably responsive on the freeway, yet able to provide plenty of torque to get you through the rough stuff when maneuvering off-road. This is another example where downsizing has paid huge dividends. You gain in every aspect, with no obvious penalties.
Perhaps our only complaint was the light steering feel, which didn't encourage sporty driving, although we soon got used to it. However, it made more sense once the car was in its element off-road.
The same applied to the six-speed auto that got the job done without calling attention to itself. There's a Sport mode for the street as well as a high-mounted breather to allow a wading depth of almost 20". Coupled with a Haldex full-time four-wheel drive, the LR2 is most at home on the rough stuff.
We took it across rivers, over frozen trails, through deep mud and into a sand quarry. At no point did we ever lose traction despite the stock all-terrain street tires. In fact, we were able to sail over obstacles and conditions that briefly halted the LR4 in our group.
The greatest off-road attribute is its intelligent all-wheel drive system that alters distribution of torque front to rear. In normal conditions it runs most of the power to the front wheels but is able to redirect almost everything to the rear if conditions dictate.
It works in harmony with the Terrain Response that adapts engine, transmission, center coupling, traction- and stability control systems to the demands of the terrain, maximizing traction. It will work in the General setting, allowing the car to calculate the best solution, or you can select from Grass/Gravel/Snow, Mud and Ruts or Sand to allow Terrain Response to better understand the challenge.
Working seamlessly together, these remarkable systems allow all Land Rovers to achieve unimaginable feats. And this ability is in the DNA, dictating the LR2's 8.3" of ground clearance, its steep approach angles and impossible wheel articulation. If you need any sort of off-road ability, the LR2 has the competition beat.
Once you're out of the mud, the latest exterior upgrades lend the LR2 a greater air of sophistication. It includes new LED lighting, grille surround and trim finishes. However, it's the interior that's received the most attention. This included the aforementioned 7" screen in the new center console to access the audio functions and optional nav.
There's also a 5" display in the main instrument cluster to indicate information such as temp, fuel, gear, Terrain Response mode, etc. Then there are steering wheel switches to locate additional vehicle information as needed.
Every trim level of the LR2, from the basic model to the HSE and HSE Lux, will have electric-powered leather seats as standard as well as dual sunroofs to give the cabin an airy feel. It all adds up to a more appealing vehicle that sacrifices none of its versatility in the pursuit of a wider audience.
2013 Land Rover LR2
Engine 1999cc transverse in-line four-cylinder 16v turbocharged with direct injection
Drivetrain Aisin AWF21 six-speed automatic, full-time four-wheel drive with Haldex rear differential
Brakes 12.5" rotors f, 12" r with ABS, EBD, EBA
Suspension Macpherson strut with lower control arm, anti-roll bar f, struts with lateral and longitudinal links, anti-roll bar r
Wheels & Tires 18x7" wheels, 235/60 R18 all-terrain tires
Power 240hp @ 5500rpm
Torque 250 lb-ft @ 3200rpm
0-60mph 8.2sec
Top Speed 124mph
Weight 3913 lb
Wading depth 19.7"
Towing capacity 3500 lb
Economy n/a
MSRP $37250 (inc dest and delivery)


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Lionel Poinsettia Mint Car 6-29628
This year the Poinsettia Farms Greenhouse is transporting this most famous Christmas flower across the nation by train. On an express route directly to your city, the Poinsettia plants stay fresh and beautiful in this climate-controlled freight car.
Gauge: Traditional O Gauge
Dimensions: Length: 10 1⁄2"
Minimum Curve: O-27
Lionel Christmas 2009
No other images currently available


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WHEELING, W.Va. (AP) - Two people have been indicted on charges stemming from the death of a Wheeling Jesuit University student.
Media outlets report that an Ohio County grand jury indicted 22-year-old Craig Tyler Peacock of Clewiston, Fla., on a murder charge on Monday.
The grand jury also charged 24-year-old Jarrett Mathis Chandler of Winnfield, La., with misdemeanor involuntary manslaughter.
Prosecutors say the victim, 21-year-old Kevin Figaniak of Perkasie, Pa., was beaten during an argument on Aug. 31, 2013. Figaniak died from his injuries the next day.
The defendants remain in custody at the Northern Regional Jail on $1 million each.


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Welcome! Southern California Labrador Retriever Rescue (SCLRR) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) all volunteer rescue group located in Southern California. We have been in operation saving Labs in need of new homes since 1998.
SCLRR is an organization dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation and re-homing of unwanted Labradors. We also offer referrals and listings for people wishing to adopt or re-home a Lab.
Click to see Labs available for adoption.


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Matt Calkins
Matt is a sports columnist who joined the Union Tribune in August of 2012 after covering the Portland Trail Blazers for the Vancouver Columbian. Before moving to the Pacific Northwest, he was a columnist for the Press-Enterprise in Riverside, which he considers one of the top 100 cities in Southern California. Mixing humor, insight and irreverence in a fashion that readers have praised as "mildly readable," Calkins has provided commentary on everything from Chargers personnel moves, to religion's place in sports, to cancer-stricken coaches inspiring Little League teams. A recipient of national awards from the Associated Press, Society of Professional Journalists, and National Headliners, Matt also penned this bio and prides himself on humility above all else.


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Netgear WNR2000 Wireless N Router - 300Mbps, 802.11n, 4-Port, Lifetime WarrantyItem#: YYD2-WNR2000100NAS | Model#: WNR2000-100NAS
- Price:
- $78.99
- Shipping:
- In Stock, usually ships within 24 hours (Details)
Netgear WNR2000 Wireless N Router Product Details
Netgear WNR2000 Wireless N Router
Netgears new WNR2000 Wireless-N router delivers exceptional range and speed and automatically checks for, downloads, and installs firmware revisions to keep you operating at optimal level. The Netgear WNR2000 offers you a simple and secure way to share your high-speed network connection, and works with older Wireless-G devices as well as the new Wireless-N products. Its easy to set up using the included Smart Wizard installation CD, and operation is a snap, because Push N Connect securely connects at the touch of a button, allowing you to add computers to the network quickly and securely. Plus, you wont need to remember your network password. Use with a RangeMax Wireless-N adapter and boost your performance and range. Convenient on/off switch helps conserve energy when not in use. For fast, secure networking with outstanding range, choose the Netgear WNR2000 Wireless-N router. Includes a Lifetime Warranty!
Manufactured by: NetGear
Warranty provided by: NetGear
UPC No: 606449059151
Mfg Part No: WNR2000-100NAS
Box Size:
( Length:11, Width:9, Depth:3)
Shipping Weight: 1.0500 pound(s)
Dimensional Weight: 2pounds
What is Dimensional weight?
Click here for full warranty and support information
- NetGear logos are registered trademarks of NetGear. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.


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Important Links
Hock's Blog
Hock's Downloads
Hock's Facebook
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Hock's Web Page
New Products
Combat Kicks VID
Critical Contact VID
Death Grip of Knife VID
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First Contact VID
Impact Weapons Book
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The Other Hand VID
Question- does sparring and competition hurt our abiltiy to access targets ( many of which are off limits in competition) in the heat of combat? Shouldn't the great percentage of our training be on targeting and shutting down the opponents abiltiy to see, breath, move, as quickly as possible? I think it is a mindset- it's not thinking about how to fight someone- it's how to kill someone. Huge difference.
The longer the fight goes on the more the likelihood of being hurt. Spar but keep it short and fast. I don't see people watching there back enough in most sparring session's. Strike but then check over your shoulder's and keep moving. Focusing on one person in front of you leaves you open to attack from others. Hurt the guy and switch to the next one. Don't waste time and effort.


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Foodborne outbreaks: managing the risks
The deadly outbreak of Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection in Germany raised fears and questions about food safety in well-regulated countries. Maged Younes talks to Fiona Fleck.
Maged Younes is the Director of the Department of food safety at the World Health Organization. Following an academic career as Professor of Toxicology at the Medical University of Lübeck, Germany, he joined the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1991. He held various key roles both at the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health and at WHO Headquarters, in particular in chemical safety as well as environmental and occupational health. From 2006 to 2007, he served as head of the Chemical Branch of the United Nations Environmental Programme. He holds a Doctor's and a Master's degree in biochemistry and physiological chemistry from the University of Tübingen and a Doctor's degree in toxicology and biochemical pharmacology from the Medical University of Lübeck in Germany.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2011;89:554–555. doi:10.2471/BLT.11.040811
Q: What have we learnt about communicating the risk of a health threat to the public following the E. coli infection outbreak in Germany? Was it necessary to issue a warning on certain types of food before the source of the outbreak was confirmed?
A: It will take time to fully assess all of the lessons to be gleaned from the events in Germany, but a few points can be highlighted. Outbreaks of foodborne disease are particularly likely to have economic implications as they often involve commercially produced products. Consumers will often react to concerns about a particular food by avoiding consumption of similar products, even if there is no evidence to warrant it. To manage the risk of harming the public, governments must assess the evidence and make decisions to protect people's health, even if there may be economic consequences. What was unusual about this event was the broad recommendation to avoid eating three entire groups of foods. There are many varieties of lettuce, tomatoes and cucumbers and it would be very unlikely that all types of all three groups of foods would be the source of the outbreak. While such broad warnings can be justified, having them in place for an extended period of time can inflict economic damage and destroy livelihoods, even outside the affected country, as seen in this case. However, it must be stressed that public health authorities must always balance the health risk to the population against other undesirable consequences. What is also important is that the German authorities have shared all the information they had with the appropriate WHO channels.
Q: Following the E. coli infection outbreak in Germany, the Russian Federation banned the import of European Union food products and Spanish farmers had to give away their produce. How can governments communicate the risks that people face during food poisoning outbreaks, while avoiding unnecessary economic damage?
A: The priority must always be on protecting public health and thus economic considerations should never compromise public safety. The solutions to minimizing economic damage and protecting public health are the same. Both require a rapid coordinated response involving epidemiologists, microbiologists and food safety authorities to assemble the evidence, pinpoint the source of the outbreak and remove it from the marketplace as quickly as possible. The faster and the more accurately the source can be narrowed down, the more precise the advice for consumers can be and the more targeted the action to remove the offending food.
Q: Are there mechanisms for coordinating communications surrounding such outbreaks to avoid mixed messages?
A: Each country will be organized a little differently in terms of the way it coordinates these communications at a national level. On an international level, there are very clear mechanisms for sharing information. One is through the International Health Regulations (IHR) and the other is through a technical network of food safety authorities called the International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN). These two mechanisms often work in a complementary way. For example in December of 2009, iodine toxicity was identified in Australia linked to high levels of iodine in a soy milk product produced in Japan. The same product had been exported to several other countries. Australia notified WHO of the problem, under the IHR, and this information was shared with other governments to ensure that they were aware of the potential impact on people's health in their countries. Information was also sent out to INFOSAN members to ensure that appropriate and timely action was taken to remove the offending food product.
Q: What is the role of INFOSAN?
A: INFOSAN is a voluntary technical network managed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and WHO that brings together national authorities playing a role in food safety. Food safety is a shared responsibility in most countries: there is no single agency that does it all. For that reason INFOSAN has members from the health, agriculture and trade ministries as well as from food safety authorities and consumer protection agencies. INFOSAN is there to ensure the rapid sharing of information between these national authorities and to promote the sharing of best practices for dealing with food safety issues including emergencies.
Q: Critics have accused WHO of responding slowly to the E. coli outbreak in Germany, arguing that it took days before WHO issued a statement or provided information. Is this criticism justified? What is WHO's role in such an incident?
A: It is important to stress that WHO reacted promptly within the remits of its mandate and responsibilities. WHO was notified of this event on 22 May as required by the IHR and began sharing information on this outbreak with its Member States through the IHR closed web site and the International Food Safety Authorities Network. At the same time, WHO issued information on its public web site. Although there have been cases of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli identified among travellers to Germany, this particular outbreak was centred in the northern part of Germany and therefore was being investigated by the national authorities. WHO's role is to ensure that its Member States report cases that might be linked to this outbreak, to keep up to date on developments and recommendations that might affect other countries and to be aware of any implications for food products that are being traded internationally.
Q: So when should countries report a foodborne disease outbreak to WHO in accordance with the IHR?
A: It depends on the context. Countries (and other parties to the IHR) are required to assess whether an outbreak or other public health event occurring within their territories should be reported to WHO. They must consider four questions: is the potential public health impact of the event serious? Is the event unusual or unexpected? Is there a significant risk of international spread? And finally, is there a significant risk of international trade or travel restrictions by other countries? If the answer to two or more of these questions is "yes," then the country concerned is required to notify WHO of the event within 24 hours of assessing it.
Q: Developed countries such as Germany have many regulations and laws in place concerning food safety. Why do we continue to see major outbreaks of foodborne disease in such countries?
A: The rapid globalization of the food trade has increased the risk of international incidents involving contaminated food. Contamination can be introduced at many points along the food-chain. Since the production of food products is often centralized and these products are widely distributed around the world, a breach of proper manufacturing practices can have a major impact on the safety of food sold to a large number of people. Good manufacturing practices from farm to table are essential to ensure that food is safe for consumption. Consumers also need to do their part to ensure food safety in the home, by following the five keys to food safety. While there are many international standards and regulations in place – most of these are enshrined in the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme (Codex Alimentarius) – problems can still arise. There are several reasons for this, such as a breach in hygiene practices, a breakdown in processing equipment, an extreme weather event or deliberate tampering, to name a few. This is why food safety authorities need to remain vigilant and have enough resources to carry out the necessary inspections to enforce regulations and ensure safe practices in food production and distribution.
Q: Is there a major difference between foodborne disease outbreaks in wealthy, developed countries and developing countries?
A: The main difference is that developed countries may have more elaborate surveillance mechanisms to detect such outbreaks and stronger food safety systems in terms of inspections. But even with these mechanisms in place, problems can still arise. It may seem that there are more outbreaks in developed countries but perhaps that is because outbreaks in less developed countries are not reported as often. In either situation, these outbreaks need to be approached in a similar way with all sectors involved and working together to find the source as swiftly as possibly in a coordinated manner.
Q: We have often heard about foodborne disease outbreaks in recent years. Is the problem on the increase or do the media simply report more about it?
A: Our ability to detect foodborne illness outbreaks and link cases that are widely distributed has greatly improved over the past 20 years. In addition, mechanisms such as the IHR and INFOSAN have been put in place to ensure that information is shared in a timely manner and acted upon. That could increase the number of international outbreaks that are actually reported and presented in the media. As mentioned, the globalization of the food trade increases the risk of international incidents involving contaminated food. At the same time, however, food safety systems continue to improve and countries are becoming increasingly aware of the need to cooperate and share best practices to ensure food safety globally.


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Publication Archive
This archive contains all documents published by cep over the last few years:
cepAdhoc: Incisive comment on current EU policy issues.
cepPolicyBrief: Concise 4-page reviews of EU proposals (Regulations, Directives, Green Papers, White Papers, Communications) – including a brief summary and economic and legal assessments.
cepInput: Impulse to current discussions of EU policies.
cepStudy: Comprehensive examination of EU policy proposals affecting the economy.
According to the Commission, "major societal challenges" (e.g. climate change, energy scarcity and demographic change) can only be overcome through research and innovation. To this end, the Commission intends to improve the framework conditions for research and innovation and to coordinate innovations effectively. In addition to the establishment of a "European Research Area", it propagates (pre-commercial) public procurement to promote innovations. In order to tackle "grand challenges", "European Innovation Partnerships" are to be initiated.
The Commission submits a Green Paper in order to discuss the future role and scope of an audit in the "general context of financial market regulatory reform". Governance rules and an improved supervision are to contribute to more competition and increased stability in the financial system.
During the "energy summit" on 4 February 2011, the European Council will discuss the Commission's "Energy Strategy 2020" and its "concept for an integrated European energy network". According to the Commission's estimate approximately 1 trillion Euros must be invested in the EU energy system by 2020 in order to achieve the EU targets for renewable energies and energy efficiency and to develop the necessary energy infrastructure.
According to the Commission, the EU must urgently invest in outdated and poorly interconnected energy infrastructure in order to meet their energy policy and climate objectives by 2020. To this end, national approval procedures for projects of European interest are to be streamlined and better coordinated. The Commission announces to submit guidelines or a legislative proposal on cost allocation to address major or cross-border projects through tariff or investment rules in 2011.
In Spring 2011, the Commission will be publishing a "European resolution framework". This framework is to allow credit institutions to fail whilst avoiding costs to taxpayers and without endangering financial stability.
Already in the "Women's Charter" of March 2010, the Commission announced to strengthen the gender perspective in all its policies. The current Communication substantiates the Commission's announcement by describing the key areas for action and which measures it wishes to take. The Commission remains rather vague in its Communication, but has published a working document [SEC(2010) 1079] accompanying the Communication with a catalogue of 130 specific, non-legislative measures.
The Commission is changing the rules regarding derivatives which are concluded and traded directly between counterparties ("over-the-counter", OTC). It wishes that having OTC deals be cleared by central counterparties (CCPs) seated in the EU. Different regulations for financial service providers on the one hand and undertakings on the other hand, and a distinction between speculative OTC derivatives and those serving to hedge real corporate risks are to help improve the stability of the financial system.
The current Euro crisis is mainly rooted in the Member States excessive public debts. Consequently, settling the problem of debt should be at the heart of crisis management. To this end, the Commission published a reform package on 29 September. It encompasses amendments to the Stability and Growth Pact and, at the same time, a macroeconomic surveillance flanking the Pact. Thus the Commission wishes to ensure that, in future, the Stability and Growth Pact will be applied in a more efficient, sharper and more thorough manner.
The Commission proposes to entitle undertakings established in a third country to transfer their managers and specialists to their EU subsidiaries. To this end, a uniform procedure for granting residence and working permits should be established in all Member States. The permit is granted for the duration of the transfer and can be extended by up to three years. It is equally valid for transfers to subsidiaries in other Member states if limited to 12 months. Family member should be entitled to enter the EU along with the employee concerned without any integration measures being required before their entry.
The first railway package of 2001 consists of three Directives which form the basis for the European railway legislation. According to the Commission, the present summary and recast version is to remove any insufficiencies, uncertainties and gaps in the regulatory framework. It further encompasses the removal of barriers to competition and the reform of regulatory oversight (1. Part), as well as questions regarding the development and operation of the railway infrastructure (2. Part).Its major aim is to provide for a non-discriminatory competition in the railway traffic market.


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Artist description:
Appe monthsarry~ sorry mejo natagalan TT__TT
Flash Draw Created Nov 17, 2008 470 x 338px Unless noted Copyright 2008 purdoy25.
We encourage you to submit a comment and let the artist know what you think of this drawing. Please log in or join to post a comment.
Post a comment
I wish I could draw hands like you! I stink.... I love the shading and lighting you did! 5/5 fav
AWWW I love it!!!! It makes me wanna cry... T.T
omg, you draw so well! my friends are here and they saw this and their crazy about it. we give you 5/5 ♥. BTW, my friends are filipino to, and they really wnated to see your profile=. X3
AMAZING! 5 hearts + faves :)
Very nicely done. 5/5
tHIS LOOKS great!!! ♥ 5 outa 5 hearts it looks really nice, i live the way u drew the fingers, they looks so real nice and smooth
i am telling you a fact i promise from day jesus's birth that i cant do better on paper


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Pages: 1
when I compile the lastest stable xfce it occurs this error.
checking for pkg-config... (cached) /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for libxfce4util-1.0 >= 4.9.0... found, but 4.8.2
*** The required package libxfce4util-1.0 was found on your system,
*** but the installed version (4.8.2) is too old.
*** Please upgrade libxfce4util-1.0 to atleast version 4.9.0, or adjust
*** the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you installed
*** the new version of the package in a nonstandard prefix so
*** pkg-config is able to find it.
I donot know where can I find the libxfce4util-1.0 package.
I have solve this probleam
I have solve this problem
And could you explain how for others who have the same problem?
bah weep grana weep ninny bon.
Pages: 1


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Find out which finance options are available to you so you can buy it as soon as you like, and pay it over a set period of time.
Get all the advice you need to buy a car and read reviews on the latest cars to be driven by our motoring experts.
Expert car valuations serve as a fantastic negotiation tool as well as price indicator - and all you need is the cars registration number and mileage.
A Vehicle Check discovers the history of a car, while our safety & security centre provides all the advice you need to buy a car safely and securely.


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Thursday, June 23, 2011
Tsienneto- One of the Wee Folk?
From the 1930s to the 1950s, my mother's uncle, Arthur Russell Hitchings, owned a large summer farmhouse on the north side of Beaver Lake, on the corner of North Shore Road and Chester Road (Route 102). The farm house still stands. Her uncle used to ride the "Milk Train" from Derry to Chelsea, where he was the CEO for Forbes Publishing Company. This was the train that carried Hood's milk from Derry to the bottling plant near Boston. My mother remembers swimming in the lake, across the street from the summer house, but after her uncle retired he removed to a house in Mont Vernon, New Hampshire.
It is unknown what the word Tsienneto means in English. According to urban myth, Tsienneto was one of the local Indian spirits of the lake. Others say it was a word from Northern Ireland for one of the fairy folk. Both meanings are similar enough to have some basis in a fact which has long been lost to time… Although the lake is now commonly called Beaver Lake, there is still a Tsienneto Road nearby. I found two poems about Tsienneto at the Google Books Search…. Both poems have imagery of canoes and Native Americans.
Poems by Ralph Henry Shaw, Lowell: Press of the Morning Mail Company, 1885, pages 23 and 24.
Sweet water glade!
I come once more to gaze on thee,
And in the maple's branching shade,
To listen to the wild-bird's glee
That, in each little, margent wood,
Befits the heart's ease of my mood.
Here in thine edges hyaline
I see the leafy maples green
Inverted, till I seem to be
Now gazing on the spirit realm;
As when but sleep is at the helm
Our craft of though, all silently
Glides into realms of fantasy.
I see the belt of sunshine gleam
Like silver, midway on the thy wave;
And in my fancy's idle dream,
The glancing paddles in thee lave,
Still dipped by them who knew of yore
They gentle wave and pebbly shore.
Their wigwam still is nestled here;
Their birch canoe is still on thee,
Tsienneto, like the birch's shade;
For fancy makes our fancy clear;
For things unseen may sometimes be
So plainly in our mind's eye made.
Found in Granite State Magazine, edited by George Waldo Browne, Volume 4, (July to December, 1907) pages 19 and 20.
By Henrietta W. R. Frost
Tsienneto (pronounced Shaw-ne-to), which word means "Sleeping in
Beauty", in the Indian name applied to the beautiful sheet of water
Nestling in among the hills of Derry, N. H., and commonly called Beaver
Lake, whose outlet, Beaver River, flows into the Merrimack- Author
O calm, serene Tsienneto!
Asleep at break of day.
The birches bend still nearer
To hear the winds at play.
For nestled on thy bosom
Sweet Nature loves to rest,
And only those who bend to hear
Can learn the song in quest.
I fain would learn the story
The birds have sung so long.
O tell it me, I pray thee!
I'll give it back in song.
I'll don the spirit of repose
And lay me down and dream,
And watch the clouds float airily
Above this spot serene.
Where "Jenny Dickey's" waters
Come tumbling o'er the hill,
The maiden-hair and columbine
Have flourished long at will.
The beech and birch and hemlock
Have shaed pool and fall,
And heaven's cerulean blueness
Has tenderly crowned all.
Primeval forests long ago
Surrounded ev'ry shore,
And red men roamed the uncut way
And sailed these waters o'er.
This was the "happy hunting ground"
Where Wonnolancet brave,
And chief of all the Penacooks,
His hunting lessons gave.
And Hannah Dustin walked these shores
In days of dire distress;
When life meant action to the hearts
Who stood for faithfulness.
Methinks I hear the paddle's sound,
And see beneath the trees
The war-time dance; the wigwam's smoke
That came from such as these.
But 'tis a dream. Tsienneto sleeps
In beauty undismayed.
The "pipe of peace" still burneth;
We need not be afraid.
The white man claims these borders
Where once the red man trod,
And bird and beast and tree and flower
Still live to worship God.
For more information:
Nutfield Rambles, by Richard Holmes, Peter E. Randall Publisher, Portsmouth, NH, 2007 page 12 says that Tsienneto was an Indian word for a local fairy or wood nymph.
Tsienneto: A Legend of Beaver Lake, by R. N. Richardson, 1907
A blog post about Tsienneto by Peter M. of the blog New England Folklore at http://newenglandfolklore.blogspot.com/2010/05/hannah-duston-part-ii-was-she-helped-by.html
Heather Wilkinson Rojo, "Tsienneto- One of the Wee Folk?", Nutfield Genealogy, posted June 23, 2011, ( https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2011/06/tsienneto-one-of-wee-folk.html: accessed [access date]).
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my raptors are getting long in the tooth , been going 3 years now on them .
I am looking for some thoughts on a ssd . My motherboard is a asus Z-170-E so it supports the newest M.2 pcie drives . BUT seeing that I am on windows 7 ( hate windows 10 ) I am thinking that these drives would be problematic with windows 7 ? ( correct ? )
so what to do ? Just go with a sata 6.0 ? and if so which one . I had one before and was unimpressed it was a intel 330 drive , sure it loaded faster by a few seconds but the write speeds were not to my liking especialy small files .
I do game and surf the net . I have read reviews till I am crosseyed LOL . so ideas, feedback on storage options ? PCIE vs sata worth it or possible ? My head is spinning LOL
Whats I dont get is a lot of these benchmarks I keep seeing on different sites like IO meter , and "4kb random rites " and such benchmarks I find them confusing and meaningless to me


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Nancy Ann Weese Parks Shubert & Henry M. "Mitt" Shubert
You remember "Poor Mr. Plemons"? Well, I have the rest of the story!
After last Monday's post for Monday Madness, the brainchild of Amy Crook of Untangled Family Roots, Cheryle Hoover Davis asked the question: "Whatever happened to L. M. Plemons' wife? Did she get away with it?" That led me to do a little more investigating.
In a Plemons Family Online Newsletter entitled "5 Branches" I discovered a little background to what possibly led up to the poisoning. In the early 1950s, an article appeared in a Knoxville, Tennessee, newspaper that asked some of the same questions that I and my readers asked. The newspaper clipping, cut out and given to Warren Plemons by his mother, was reprinted in the family newsletter and family members added to the details.
A Mr. Gurth Robinson who was interviewed for the newspaper article said, "Who in the world would have an inscription like that cut into a gravestone? This fellow dies when he is 29 years old. And then someone puts up this gravestone saying publicly that he died from poisons administered by his wife. How did this person know the wife administered poisons? And why did she do it – if she actually did?"
The gravestone which is pictured in my previous post is found in Laurel Bluff Baptist Church Cemetery near the town of Kingston. Warren Plemons said that there was a "family story – or rumor, passed down through generations and probably changed with the re-telling." The story as reported in the Plemons newsletter is retold here.
"On October 30, 1892, L. Martin Plemons married Cara Parks. Martin is the son of Thomas Jacob Plemons, grandson of Jacob Plemons and Adaline Harden. Cara is the daughter of James Parks and Nancy Ann Weese. They had one child, Blain, in November 1897.
According to the story, it was common knowledge that Cara was seeing the town butcher whenever Martin would leave for work. Martin was an iron ore miner and also worked on a farm for his father. One day, when Martin came to work, he told his father, 'I think that I will go back home, and if he is there, I will kill the both of them.'
Martin left and returned some time later. His father asked him whether he had found Cara and her suitor together, he replied, 'Yes – but I couldn't bring myself to kill them.'
Some short time later, Martin died – under suspicious circumstances. The Plemons family did not make a secret of their dislike for Cara. They believed that she had killed Martin and they hired a doctor to come from Knoxville and perform an autopsy. As they had suspected, poison was discovered in the stomach contents. Cara was subsequently arrested and tried for murder.
At the trial, the doctor was asked whether there was a chance that some of the Plemons family could have tainted the evidence by placing poison in the containers used to collect the stomach contents. The doctor answered that he had left the containers alone in a buggy on his way back to Knoxville while he had gone inside a house to eat. This cast enough doubt on the accusation that the jury found Cara 'Not guilty' and released her.
The Plemons family was enraged, but there was nothing that they could do. Their only recourse was to make the incident public by carving the accusation on Martin's gravestone.
The stone is there today, and sits near the road in a corner away from the church. Martin is buried near his father, mother, and grandmother along with many other relatives."
Above is a photo of Martin and Cara's only son, Blain, with his grandmother, Nancy Ann Weese Parks Shubert and her husband at the time, Henry "Mitt" Shubert. Henry M. Shubert is my husband's great-great-grandfather. Nancy married James Parks in 1856 and began having children in 1857. Her husband, James, was killed in the Battle of Chickamauga on September 22, 1863, but Nancy continued to have children until 1877. Nancy and Henry M. Shubert were not married until April 4, 1881.
- 5 Branches, s.v. "A Newsletter of the Plemons/Plemmons/Plemone/Plemon/Plemens Family – Winter 2002" http://www.5branches.net/Winter_2002/Winter_2002.htm (accessed March 2009).
- "5 Branches" Helen Parker, editor
- Photograph original belonging to Loma Schubert Rodgers, descendant of Jacob Pearson Shubert and Dialthia H. Parks who was a daughter of Nancy Ann Weese.
The above is my second contribution to "Monday Madness"!
Amy Crook of Untangled Family Roots has started a new meme for those of us researching our ancestors. This will occur each Monday as a recurring meme similar to Tombstone Tuesday and Wordless Wednesday. Check it out. It's great fun!


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What do I do after I purchase a logo design?
After you purchase a custom logo design, we gather information from you through our Interactive Online Interview. The Interactive Online Interview lets you participate in the creation of your logo and help your designer create the logo you want.
You can stop the interview process at any time, and easily return to where you left off. At the end of your interview, you're asked to provide the best method for contacting you so we can review your interview with you.
You can schedule a telephone consultation if you're unable to complete the Interactive Online Interview. To schedule a telephone consultation, or for further information, please call (480) 366-3336.
To Access the Interactive Online Interview
- Log in to your GoDaddy account.
- Click Custom Design Services.
- Next to the account you want to use, click Manage.
- From the Dashboard page, go to the Actions menu for the project you want to start, and then click Continue Project.


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Safety Update
Key-Exchange Unit Avoids Dirt Trap
Key-exchange units from Castell, Chicago, IL, form part of an integrated safety system linking machine control and access interlocks. The firm's new X-type key-exchange unit boasts a robust design, configured to trap and release keys in a predetermined sequence, depending on the operating requirements of the safety interlocking system. The X box can have multiple keys entering or withdrawing, and can be supplied in numerous configurations: one key to release three, six keys to release four, or any combination to suit the operating sequence of a particular machine.
The new unit's design proves ergonomic and durable. The fully welded enclosure optimizes rigidity, and the newly designed rear-mounted locks have no visible fixing holes, reducing opportunities for dirt to become trapped and interfere with operation.
The unit is fully compatible with previous FS lock types and has identical dimensions to Castell's earlier X-type exchange unit, allowing it to be retrofitted to existing interlocking systems.Castell: 312/360-1516; www.castell.com
See also: Castell Interlocks Inc.
Related Enterprise Zones: Safety
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Original Trinity Hymnal, #690
I hear the Saviour say,
"Thy strength indeed is small,
Child of weakness, watch and pray,
Find in me thine all in all."
Jesus paid it all,
All to him I owe;
Sin had left a crimson stain,
He washed it white as snow.
Lord, now indeed I find
Thy power, and thine alone,
Can change the leper's spots,
And melt the heart of stone.
For nothing good have I
Whereby thy grace to claim
I will wash my garments white
In the blood of Calvary's lamb.
And when, before the throne,
I stand in him complete,
"Jesus died my soul to save,"
My lips shall still repeat.
Page number: Blue 690, Right-Click Here to Download MIDI File
|© 2019 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
Chaplains and Military Personnel


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New York, January 13, 2012--The Committee to Protect Journalists condemns Thursday's attack in Moscow on Dododzhon Atovulloyev, exiled publisher and editor-in-chief of the Tajik pro-opposition newspaper Charogi Ruz.
On Thursday evening, Atovulloyev, 56, was at a restaurant in Moscow when an unidentified man approached him, stabbed him twice in the stomach, and fled, witnesses told the local press. Atovulloyev underwent surgery, and, according to his doctors, his life is no longer in danger, news reports said.
Charogi Ruz (Daylight) is known for its sharp criticism of the Tajik government, particularly of Emomali Rahmon, the head of state since 1992. Atovulloyev has repeatedly criticized the Tajik ruling elite of corruption and embezzlement of international aid aimed at helping the development of the poor Central Asia state. When Atovulloyev's newspaper was banned in Tajikistan in 1992 in retaliation for his criticism of Rahmon's policies, he moved it to Moscow a year later. He continued to publish Charogi Ruz from exile. The paper's website can still be accessed online in Tajikistan, local news reports said.
"We call on Russian investigators to carry out a thorough investigation into the attack against Dododzhon Atovulloyev, guarantee his safety during recovery, and bring the perpetrators to justice," CPJ Europe and Central Asia Program Coordinator Nina Ognianova said. "Atovulloyev is a vocal and embattled journalist who has been at odds with Tajik authorities because of his work. His journalistic activities must be considered as a motive for the attack."
Russian authorities announced today that they had detained a suspect--a man of Tajik nationality who matched the description of witnesses at the scene--but later released him, the regional online news agency Fergana News reported.
Atovulloyev, who is also a prominent opposition activist, heads the opposition movement "Vatandor" (Patriot), which unites Tajik opposition activists living abroad.
In April 2001, Tajik officials charged Atovulloyev with "insulting the president," "supporting the violent removal of the constitutional order" of Tajikistan, and inciting "ethnic, racial, and religious hatred," CPJ research shows. The Tajik government asked Russian authorities to extradite Atovulloyev, but the Russian government, amid an international outcry, refused, according to news reports.
In September 2008, Tajikistan issued an arrest warrant for Atovulloyev on similar charges that carried up to 15 years in prison if convicted, and a state prosecutor declared the journalist an "information terrorist," CPJ research shows.
Friends and supporters of Atovulloyev told the Russian service of the U.S. government-funded Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty that they intended to stand around-the-clock guard at the hospital where the journalist was recovering so they could protect him.


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Continuous Integration (CI) Best Practices with SAP – Source Code Versioning System
The purpose of this guide is to enable you to do first steps in designing your own CI processes using components like Gerrit, Jenkins and Nexus. These setup instructions for these components serve educational purposes only and are not meant as reference setup for productive purposes; for productive use, refer to the official component documentation.
What we offer in this part is not more than a basic recipe to set up a minimum installation including only those components on Linux that we consider as absolutely necessary to run a CI/CD process for development with SAP. However, the setup best suited to your concrete requirements cannot be part of this document because it highly depends on your concrete local situation, the network setup, the overall landscape into which the CI/CD process will be embedded, and so on. Therefore, we will restrict ourselves here to showing only the principles and the core elements.
If you are interested in other examples of CI/CD processes with a focus on specific needs and local conditions, just follow the references we provide to the official documentation for the described components. For each component, we provide hints to how the described setup could be improved. This concerns the professional and reliable operation, for example, further security activities and operational refinements.
Note: This document is restricted to the description of component installation on Linux. For installation on Windows, we refer to the installation documentation on the web.
1. Introduction
The interface between local (single developer) and collaborative (team) development is the source code management (SCM) tool together with a code review system. As already described in CI/CD Practices, the SCM tools plays a key role in the CI process. It only makes the development process reproducible. The SCM tool is also the interface to any sequel step, most importantly, the build step in the overall CI process.
There are many different possible choices for a SCM and review system. In this document, we show how to use Git as SCM tool and Gerrit as Git repository server and code review tool. These tools are very frequently used.
Git is a distributed SCM tool that has already a high adoption in the open source community and is more and more used in commercial environments. Gerrit is a repository server that can host and maintain Git repositories centrally. In a collaborative development scenario, changes are shared among developers through a Gerrit hosted central Git repository. In addition, Gerrit offers features for code review and voter builds which help to keep the main line (which is in Git usually called
master) clean.
Git is part of most Linux distribution and can be seen as a standard tool on a developer's PC. Gerrit is offered as open source tool.
Gerrit Download
Gerrit Documentation
Gerrit quick get started guide
As part of the CI landscape, identify a Linux machine that will act as the host of the central Gerrit installation.
Our example is based on Gerrit release 2.13.3. In other releases, the front ends and the installation procedure may differ. In case of doubt, refer to the official component documentation.
2. Prerequisites
- Java JDK 1.7.0 or higher is installed on the machine.
- Git is installed on the machine
For installation of Git, see
3. Installation of Gerrit
On the hosting machine, log on as user
Create an OS user
useradd -d /home/gerrit -m -s /bin/bash gerrit
Create a Gerrit installation directory. In this document, we call it
/data/gerrit, but any other directory that follows the respective conventions will work as well. The file partition of the directory must be large enough to store all the Gerrit data, especially the database. The user
gerritmust be the owner of the directory.
mkdir -p /data/gerrit chown gerrit /data/gerrit/
Log on as
Download the Gerrit installation (
gerrit.warfile) from the download site and save it to
Execute the following commands to do the installation and to prepare the Gerrit database:
cd /data/gerrit java -jar gerrit.war init -d /data/gerrit java -jar gerrit.war reindex -d /data/gerrit
During the installation procedure of the Gerrit instance, you may decide for the default settings in the questionnaire in a first run, but it is recommended to approve the installation of the
download-commandsplugin. It enables the display of the clone URL in the Gerrit frontend.
To get the server up quickly with the ability to administer it, open the Gerrit configuration file
/data/gerrit/etc/gerrit.configand set the authentication method to:
[auth] type = DEVELOPMENT_BECOME_ANY_ACCOUNT
For security reasons, you should change this to an appropriate authentication method as soon as possible.
Start the Gerrit daemon.
cd /data/gerrit/bin ./gerrit.sh start
The Gerrit application should now be accessible with a browser on port 8080.
In the Gerrit front end, click on Become and sign up. This first account has admin rights by default. Enter
adminas Full Name and Username. Press Save Changes and Select Username.
Since they require administrative rights, some of the following actions must be executed by this user. For day-by-day working with Gerrit, individual users with restricted permissions should be used.
In the same way, create a working user, which is used to perform Git operations like
push. We use
sampleuserfurther in this example.
As first action, you can create a new project. Still logged in as
admin, select Projects > Create New Project, enter
FirstProjectas Project Name and select Create initial empty commit. Press Create Project.
4. Working with a Git Repository Hosted by Gerrit
It is recommended to use the SSH protocol for working with Gerrit. We describe here an example how to create and configure an SSH key to work with Gerrit from a local computer. Your permanent setup may differ according to your security policies.
Git is installed on your local computer. If the computer is running on Linux, install Git using the package installer of your distribution and refer to the Git documentation that was mentioned before. If your computer is running on Windows, the Git installation includes
Git Bash, which shows a Linux-like user experience.
On your local computer, create an SSH key pair, if it does not yet exist. On Linux or on Git Bash on Windows, execute
ssh-keygenand enter
<path to your home directory on your computer>/.ssh/id_rsa_sampleto create an SSH key pair for this demo purpose. In
<path to your home directory on your computer>/.ssh/there is now a file pair
id_rsa_sample.pubavailable. This key pair is by default issued for your operating system user on your computer. Nevertheless, it can be used by your Gerrit user
Log in to Gerrit with user
sampleuser, click your name on the right upper corner and select Settings > SSH Public Keys.
Select Add Key… and paste the contents of the file
id_rsa_sample.pubinto the field.
Git requests through SSH to Gerrit are now authorized provided the request uses the generated sample key. This is done in the next step.
<path to your home directory>/.ssh/config. Add The following lines:
Host <Full qualified hostname of Gerrit> IdentityFile <path to your home directory>/.ssh/id_rsa_sample
Check that the right key is taken by executing:
ssh -p 29418 -v sampleuser@<Full qualified hostname of Gerrit>
A frequent pitfall may be that the
HOMEenvironment variable is not correctly set.
You are now able to locally clone the Git repository of the project
FirstProjectby executing
git clone <SSH-based URL of the FirstProject repository hosted on Gerrit>
Change into the directory of your cloned repository. For enabling Gerrit to apply the review process, a change ID must be generated into Git commits. This is done by a Git hook that can be downloaded directly from Gerrit by issuing:
gitdir=$(git rev-parse --git-dir); scp -p -P 29418 sampleuser@<Full qualified hostname of Gerrit>:hooks/commit-msg ${gitdir}/hooks/
- Do a change in the repository by creating a new file. Then add it and create a commit:
touch test.txt git add . git commit -m "My first commit" git push origin master:refs/for/master
You should be able to execute all the steps. If not, check the SSH key settings.
5. Further Enhancements
So far, there is no authentication and authorization concept in place yet. You must not take Gerrit into productive usage in this state.
Choose an appropriate authentication method and implement it.
Choose an appropriate permission concept for Gerrit and implement it.
For details, we refer to the official documentation.
The default database installation used by Gerrit is H2. For larger installations, you can use MySQL or Postgres.
Encapsulate the
gerrit.shinto startup scripts in a way that Gerrit starts automatically with machine reboot.
gerrit.warpackage includes a standalone Jetty servlet container. Deployment on other JEE run times is possible.
The content of this document is for guidance purposes only. No warranty or guarantees are provided.