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When You Crash Hard Enough, All May Not Be As It Seems
When was the last time you were at a race that went caution free? Yeah, that's what we thought. Accidents are a part of racing, and at some point we are all going to be involved in at least one. It's not a matter of "if" but "when." Many different things can happen to your safety equipment in an accident, one of the most obvious being belt stretch. This is so commonplace that some tracks even cut your belts out of the car after a hard hit to ensure that you replace them before racing again.
While belt stretch is obvious, there is a potentially more sinister result of a hard hit and that has to do with your head. A good helmet is essential to racing safely and you should always check your helmet carefully after a hard wreck. Spiderwebbing or outright cracks are obvious damage but is it possible to damage a helmet's interior beadliner, thus compromising its integrity, without cracking the outer shell?
We decided to find out if the Phantom Impact exists.
Our theory started out that if you are wearing a head/neck restraint such as a HANS Device and you crash, the helmet gets restrained but your head keeps moving within the helmet. Since the inner liners of helmets have some amount of give to them, after all that is how they protect your noggin, when your head keeps moving it will damage the inner liner. To find out if our theory held water we contacted five major helmet manufacturers, a head and neck restraint company and an independent industry expert.
Interestingly they had differing opinions on whether or not you could actually damage an inner liner without hitting your head against something. Much of this has to do with a lack of data. "I don't know that anybody has ever measured the liner crush due to an SFI test," admitted HANS' Dr. Bob Hubbard. "The head accelerations in an SFI 38.1 test for head and neck restraints (HNR) are typically below 100g. The accelerations in Snell helmet testing are typically 300g or more. So, the acceleration and associated loads on the helmet liner in the SFI test are much less than for the Snell test."
So, while there is no specific test for our theory we did find out some extremely important factors about the Phantom Impact.
"Sometimes the evidence is not visible," says Bell's Kyle Keitzman. "During the 2006 Indianapolis 500, Darren Manning backed into the wall. The impact generated over 100g but there was no outward damage to the helmet's shell, however you could actually see the outline of the back of his head in the lining."
If you hit the wall hard enough that you can see the outline of your head in the inner liner, it's safe to say that your helmet is now junk. Every helmet manufacturer we talked to for this story told us the same thing-if that inner liner is damaged there is no way possible that it will provide the same level of protection in another accident. And that is the danger of the Phantom Impact.
But what about the not so obvious damage? Let's say you have a crash and you inspect the helmet, looks good on the outside, looks good on the inside. It's fine right? Wrong.
"There could definitely be non-visible damage," says Gary Peters of Simpson Race Products. "Hairline cracks in the shell could be hidden by a helmet's paint job, especially ornate designs with a lot of color changes, lines, etc."
Peters told a story of when Hank Parker Jr. was involved in a high-speed crash in a Craftsman Truck where he recorded one of the highest g-force impacts ever. "He did have a HANS on," said Peters. "I took the whole helmet apart myself and couldn't find anything wrong with it."
However, that doesn't mean that the helmet wasn't damaged and shouldn't have been junked (which by the way it was). There are two types of helmet inner liners, EPS or expanded poly styrene and EPP or expanded poly propylene. EPS (the common white liner) will show visible damage after an impact. Upon impact, the liner deforms and does its job of protecting your head. You can easily see dents and deformation after taking an EPS helmet apart.
However with EPP, you may never see the damage. EPP has a memory, conceptually similar to the Tempurpedic mattress, and will return to its original shape even after being subjected to a tremendous force such as Parker Jr's. So even though the EPP returns to its shape, its ability to keep you safe from additional impacts is compromised. This is compounded in accidents where you take multiple hits.
"In a multiple-impact accident, you use up the helmet's ability to attenuate an impact after the initial hit," says Peters. "The second and third hit will further compromise the helmet."
A compromised helmet will not, in any way shape or form, protect you as well as a brand new one. In essence, if the first wreck didn't get you, the next one will. And don't pull that "it won't happen to me" argument. Even the best racers in the world have had more than one hard wreck in their careers. Race long enough and you can bet it will happen.
Guidelines Okay, you've been in a crash and you're not sure if you should replace your helmet or not. Here are a couple of tips to help you along.
Step 1. Check the entire outer shell of the helmet to see if there is any delamination, spiderwebbing (hairline cracks that look like a spider's web) or larger cracks, paying extra close attention to areas that may be painted. If there are, don't even go to step two, you need a new helmet.
Step 2. Look closely at your head and neck restraint mounting bolts, this is an area of high stress in an accident and if the hit is hard enough, there may be cracking at that spot of the helmet.
Step 3. Once you've determined that the outer shell has no damage, look at the inner liner. You are looking for any signs of compression such as indentations or a misshapen liner.
Step 4. Remove the inner liner and inspect it closely. While it's out, also look for any damage to the outer shell from the inside. However, only do this if you have a removable inner liner. If you don't, you could very easily damage the helmet.
If you have a shred of doubt as to the condition of your helmet, send it to the manufacturer for inspection. The manufacturers we talked to for this story will all inspect potentially damaged helmets free of charge. Remember the bottom line is just because it looks good, doesn't mean it is good. All of our manufacturers said that if you have a bad wreck you need to send the helmet back to them for a professional evaluation.
Getting back to our original theory of can you have liner-crush without hitting your helmet against something, we consulted John Melvin, Ph.D. Dr. Melvin is an independent consultant on safety who has worked with GM, NHRA and NASCAR. He brought up a very important point. "One of the big problems is that everybody's head is different. Helmets don't fit everybody's head exactly, whether it's the overall shape of your head or a bump on your head that is pressing more on one spot of the inner liner than another. So, it is conceivable that in a heavy crash with head and neck restraint pulling on the helmet you, in fact, can locally deform the helmet."
Melvin says that the solution is to make sure that you have a good fit. Just because one brand's medium doesn't fit exactly right doesn't mean that another one's won't. When helmet shopping, you should buy based on fit, not on brand or marketing.
And that's what this little research project brought to light. As racers, we spent untold hours tweaking our valvetrain combinations to get just the right amount of power. We spend days on end fussing with the setup just to get that exact handle on our car. We need to pay just as much attention to the one piece of safety equipment where fit is more critical than any other, your helmet.
In the course of this story, we had a number of helmet manufacturers bring up the fact that if you race cars, you should not wear a motorcycle helmet. While just about every track and sanction specify Snell rated helmets, some do not differentiate between the Snell Rating for motorsports SA-2005 or those for motorcycles M-2005. Consequently, at some tracks you can legally race in a cheap Snell-rated motorcycle helmet. However, that could be the worst decision of your life. Motorcycle helmets are not made for racecars. First of all, most motorcycle helmets are not made with fire retardant materials. They don't have to be. They are designed to absorb impacts of your head bouncing off the ground going 55 mph, not protect you from fire.
"On these things (motorcycles) you slide away from the fire, in a car, you're trapped in the fire," says AMA motorcycle racer Glen Castle.
Any helmet manufacturer worth their weight in padding will tell you the same thing. And in fact, many take steps to prevent racers from buying the wrong helmet. For example, Simpson's policy is that they won't install HANS clips on a motorcycle helmet.
HANS clip mounting aside, we decided to find out just what happens when you have a motorcycle helmet that gets near a little heat. (Our apologies to the ozone layer.)
Think about these pics next time you go helmet shopping and remember to buy the right helmet, there are plenty of SA-2005 helmets that are value priced. The moral of this exercise? Don't wear a motorcycle helmet, it can melt to your head.


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Jul 4th 14 Unique and Creative Snapchat Tips That Only the Pros Know
The same things that make Snapchat fun can also make it frustrating to learn.
Snapchat ultimately leaves it up to you to figure out its features—in fact, it encourages you to discover them by accident.
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You are in Nestlé Waters North America
Focus on nutrition, sustainability, and economic and community development in the company's largest market
NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nestlé in the United States today released its 2011 Creating Shared Value report detailing new accomplishments in the areas of nutrition, sustainable business practices, and economic and community development.
Creating Shared Value is Nestlé's fundamental business strategy based on the belief that for a business to prosper in the long-term, it must create value for society as well as for shareholders. In the United States, Nestlé's largest market, the company creates value by providing quality products supported by an expertise in nutrition, health and wellness.
Nestlé in the United States consists of five main businesses: Nestlé USA, Nestlé Purina PetCare Company, Nestlé Waters North America, Nestlé Nutrition and Nestlé Professional. In 2011, its sales totaled $24 billion and the company now boasts seven billion-dollar brands in the United States. This year, Coffee-mate® joins Stouffer's®, Lean Cuisine®, DiGiorno®, Nestlé® PureLife®, Gerber® and Friskies® as billion dollar brands.
Below are some highlights of the latest Nestlé in the United States' annual Creating Shared Value report. To view the full report, please click here.
Good Food, Good Life: A Focus on Nutrition
Creating Shared Value for Sustainable Business Practices
Creating Shared Value in its Communities
About Nestlé in the United States
Nestlé in the United States consists of five main businesses: Nestlé USA, Nestlé Purina PetCare Company, Nestlé Waters North America, Nestlé Nutrition and Nestlé Professional. Together, these companies operate in more than 120 locations in 47 states and employ over 51,000 people. The United States is Nestlé S.A.'s largest market with combined product sales in the United States totaling more than $24 billion in 2011.
Committed to becoming the very best Nutrition, Health and Wellness company, Nestlé in the United States provides nutritious, healthy food for every member of the family at every stage of life: infants and toddlers, families, athletes, mature adults/grandparents, and pets. Key brands include LEAN CUISINE®, STOUFFER'S®, DIGIORNO®, FRISKIES®, COFFEE-MATE®, NESTLÉ® TOLL HOUSE®, POWERBAR®, NESTLÉ® PURE LIFE®, POLAND SPRING®, GERBER®, and PURINA ONE®.
To learn more about Nestlé, including its commitment to the environment, please visit:
CreatingSharedValue.org, NestléNutrition.com, NestléUSA.com, Nestle-WatersNA.com, Purina.com and NestléProfessional.com.
Photos/Multimedia Gallery Available: http://www.businesswire.com/cgi-bin/mmg.cgi?eid=50292021&lang=en
Intermarket Communications
Krista Eccleston, 212-754-5415
Nestlé Waters North America
Jane Lazgin, 203-863-0240


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Yankees weighing options in center field
NEW YORK -- The Yankees are waiting until they arrive in camp to decide if Brett Gardner or Curtis Granderson will be their best option in center field.
Yankees general manager Brian Cashman said the team needs to talk about the idea of using Granderson in left field this spring, where he could play alongside Gardner and right fielder Ichiro Suzuki.
"We have two center fielders, as we've had for three years, manning two-thirds of our outfield," Cashman said. "It's something we'll talk about. It's certainly something that's possible, but it's not something we've moved on."
Yankees manager Joe Girardi said he isn't ready to make any final calls about his outfield. Granderson played errorless defense in center field last season, but the Yankees also regard Gardner -- when healthy -- as one of the game's top defensive outfielders.
"There's things that we'll discuss as we move forward," Girardi said. "We haven't made any changes. You can always look at things, and we're always looking at how we can get better. As of right now, we haven't made any changes."
Girardi said that one concern would be the adjustments Granderson might need to make in a move to left field, a position he's only played in 22 big league games and none after 2007 with the Tigers.
"When you start talking about moving one guy, you're really moving two guys," Girardi said. "Gardy has become pretty good at playing left field, so those are the things that you have to look at."


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Is spacetime moving in general relativity?
If not, how does spacetime retain its past, while moving toward future?
Stack Exchange network consists of 175 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers.Visit Stack Exchange
Is spacetime moving in general relativity?
If not, how does spacetime retain its past, while moving toward future?
In frame dragging, spacetime moves.
Dr. Erricos Pavlis of the Joint Center for Earth System Technology says: "General relativity predicts that massive rotating objects should drag space-time around themselves as they rotate, ... Frame dragging is like what happens if a bowling ball spins in a thick fluid such as molasses. As the ball spins, it pulls the molasses around itself. Anything stuck in the molasses will also move around the ball." http://www.phy.duke.edu/~kolena/framedrag.html
The phenomenon is nicely summed up in this 86-second movie: http://einstein.stanford.edu/Media/FD_Measurement-flash.html
As the system evolves through time, its past is retained in the 4-momentum of its parts.
Spactime doesn't "move", the idea doesn't make sense. Spacetime is what things move in. The "moving towards future" is entirely psychological, it's all in your head. It is part of the map between the physics and experience, it is not part of the physics. It hasn't been part of physics since space-time became a concept.
The meaning of "it's all in your head" means that you need to carefully formulate what it means that "time moves forward". In terms of experience, it says that at a certain time, a person can write down their memories, but not memories of the future. This is included in the physics, since you can simulate a person, and see them write down things from their memories, and not things from the future (assuming entropy increases into the future). Any which way you give precise meaning to the statement "time keeps getting pushed forward", the meaning ends up in measurements on psychological states, and it has nothing to do with the structure of the laws of physics.
So it doesn't matter one bit whether you consider space-time to "exist all at once" or "push itself into existence bit by bit through time". These two positions are identical in the sense of positivism. This is another place where positivism is essential to physics.
When any superficially different answers to a given question cannot be distinguished by experiment or experience, the question is meaningless, it is a self-deception using language, like the question "Are S-shell electrons happy?" There is non-psychological test of whether time is pushing forward or not, so the question is really your brain fooling you.
I believe it is better to say that waves, curving, and other distortions in spacetime travel through spacetime because you really don't want to give the time axis preference in GR. GR was invented, partly, in order to explain such phenomenon- and therefore abolish gravitational action at a distance. If gravitational wave detectors were more powerful, scientists could observe objects oscillating in the lab. The oscillations probably shouldn't be described as "spacetime moving," but rather as, oscillations of spacetime because saying "spacetime is moving" implies that the entire framework itself is moving and then what is it moving through?


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Topic Page: Mass extinction
Disappearance of Taxa of plants or animals from fossil record during relatively short intervals of geological time. Examples: Late Cambrian mass extinction of Trilobites, late Permian mass extinction of marine invertebrates; Late Cretaceous Period mass extinction of dinosaurs. Cf. Adaptive Radiation. Rel. Geological Time Scale.
the extinction of a large percentage of the earth's species, opening ecological niches for other species to fill. There have been at least ten such events. The five greatest were those of the final Ordovician period (approximately 435 million years ago), the late Devonian period (357 million years ago), the final Permian period (250 million years ago), the late Triassic period (198 million years ago), and the final Cretaceous period (65 million years ago). The most devastating was that at the end of the Permian period, when an estimated 95% of marine species and 8 of 27 insect orders were lost. The best-known mass extinction is that at the end of the Cretaceous period, when the dinosaurs and many other plants and animals disappeared and up to 75% of all marine genera were lost. The most recent mass extinction was that of the late Eocene epoch, approximately 54 million years ago. Understanding and definition of these events have changed rapidly as information from more and more complete fossil samplings is compiled in larger and more comprehensive databases and as computer modeling of such events becomes more sophisticated. For example, studies of the geologic record released in 2007 found that such conditions as an increase in carbon dioxide (and a decrease in oxygen) in the air and a warming of the water in tropical seas are generally associated with mass extinctions.
Theories regarding the causes of mass extinctions abound and are the subject of intense study and debate. In general it is believed that the extinctions resulted from drastic environmental changes that followed events such as meteorite or comet impacts or massive volcanic eruptions. For example, the final Permian extinctions have been linked to huge volcanic eruptions in what is now Siberia. These eruptions, which continued for up to 800,000 years (a relatively short period of time by geological standards), spewed out dust and droplets that blocked the sun, causing global cooling that trapped sea water in the polar ice caps. The levels of inland seas and oceans lowered significantly, eliminating or changing marine habitats. Alternatively, it has been suggested that carbon dioxide and other gases released as a result of the volcanic eruptions may have raised temperatures by 20–50 degrees Fahrenheit (10–30 degrees Celsius) in an extreme greenhouse effect and disrupted ocean circulation patterns, that the gases produced acid rain and depleted the ozone layer, creating conditions inhospitable to many species, or that a combination of the hypothesized effects of the Siberian eruptions was responsible. Other theorized causes for the Permian extinctions include a combination of the effects of the massive volcanic eruptions and huge coal fires ignited by them, the effects of the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea (which include the huge volcanic eruptions), a large meteor impact, and a supernova that exploded near enough to the earth to bathe it in radioactivity that destroyed the ozone layer.
The most widely accepted theory of the final Cretaceous extinction is that one or more asteroids or comets hit the earth, lifting massive amounts of debris and sulfur in the air and blocking the sunlight from reaching the earth's surface. In 1980 Walter Alvarez of the Univ. of California at Berkeley found a layer of iridium in sediments that dated from the time of the final Cretaceous extinction. Iridium is rare on earth, but is concentrated in meteors and comets. In 1991 the Chicxulub crater was discovered on the Yucatán peninsula in Mexico. Some 180 km (112 mi) wide, it is wide enough to have been created by the 10-km (6-mi) diameter asteroid thought necessary to cause the environmental upheaval required to precipitate a mass extinction. Large amounts of sulfur found in the Chicxulub soil lend credence to the hypothesis that sulfuric acid dispersed into the atmosphere after the collision creating a dense haze that could have cooled the earth by 20 to 30 degrees Fahrenheit (10–17 degrees Celsius). Some scientists believe global wildfires that incinerated as much as one quarter of the earth's vegetation followed the impact. Other impacts at about the same time, such as that that created the 15-mi-wide (24-km) crater at Boltysh, central Ukraine, may have contributed to the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous.
Another theory concerning the cause of the final Cretaceous extinction is that it resulted from the environmental effects of the huge volcanic eruptions that created the lava flows of the Deccan Traps in what is now India. It is possible that both the impact and the eruptions may be responsible for the Cretaceous extinctions. One model suggests the eruptions devastated much marine life some 200,000 years before the impact extinguished the dinosaurs. Another theory suggests (both for the Permian and Cretaceous extinctions) that shock waves from the impact of a large asteroid moved through the earth, shaking the earth's crust and triggering or intensifying the volcanic events.
In addition to eradicating large percentages of both land and sea creatures, mass extinctions also opened new ecological niches, permitting surviving species to thrive in new habitats and encouraging diversity. The extinctions, however, did not conform to the usual evolutionary rules regarding who survives; the only factor that appears to have improved a family of organisms' chance of survival was widespread geographic colonization at the time of the event.
Artículos relacionados con el credo
Full text Article mass extinction
Mass extinctions are substantial biodiversity losses that are global in extent, taxonomically broad and rapid relative to the average...
Full text Article Permian extinction
The Permian extinction was the biggest mass extinction event in the history of life. It has been known since the work of geologist John Phillips in
Full text Article mass extinction
Event that produces the extinction of many species at about the same time. One notable example is the boundary between the Cretaceous and Tertiary pe


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A partnership between The National Information Sharing Consortium and Esri could improve the sharing of geospatial information among federal, state and local government agencies during natural disasters or emergencies.
Esri's ArcGIS Online for Organizations (AGOL) will be deployed as a GIS platform to support the Homeland Security Department's Virtual USA Program (vUSA), which provides interactive maps that display the location and status of critical assets, including helicopter landing sites, evacuation routes, shelters, gas supplies, water lines and power grids, according to a release.
AGOL is a cloud-based mapping portal that lets emergency management personnel share maps and data with each other and the general public from any device, Web browser or desktop application. The deployment of an AGOL portal that is compliant with vUSA will significantly enhance state and local agencies' ability to participate in the vUSA program, since AGOL has been widely adopted by these agencies, NISC officials said.
Esri officials endorsed the vUSA initiative in 2010, expressing their commitment to make certain the geospatial company's technologies supported the goals of the program. The partnership with NISC will accelerate the establishment of shared situational awareness and information sharing capabilities, Esri officials said.
Six pilot projects involving over 35 states have been conducted since 2009 to demonstrate vUSA's ability to support near real-time information sharing. U.S. federal, state and local governments; Canadian provincial and federal governments; non-governmental organizations; and private-sector partners have participated in vUSA since the first pilot was conducted, NISC officials said.
NISC, in collaboration with DHS' Science and Technology Directorate's First Responder Group and the first responder community, are using pilot programs as the basis for transitioning vUSA technologies from prototypes to platform components that will not only be interoperable with existing systems as well as those information sharing efforts already in progress, officials said.
Other GIS-based public-sector IT sharing projects are in development. The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the geospatial community are creating a cloud infrastructure to demonstrate how a coalition of organizations can share geospatial information as they respond to natural disasters around the world.
NGA officials want to see how industry can deliver open, standards-based geospatial data to first responders via multiple, interoperable cloud infrastructures, Todd Myers, NGA's lead global compute architect, told GCN during a recent interview.
Posted by Rutrell Yasin on Jul 02, 2013 at 11:12 AM
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The Defense Department is pushing forward with its unified cybersecurity standard for contractors and wants large companies and industry associations to show startups and smaller firms the way.
As RPA moves from buzzword to practical applications, agency leaders say it's forcing broader discussions about business operations
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Two Very Special Birthdays this week
God blessed us with Sarah 28 years ago April 19th.
I thought it a fitting to post a picture taken of Sarah and Jeremy at Fenway park….
……because today, April 20th, Fenway Park celebrates it's 100th birthday.
The Boston Red Sox and the New York Yankees will face each other on Friday at 3:05 p.m., just as they did on the same date at the same time on the same field 100 years ago.
Both clubs will wear replicas of the uniforms they wore for that inaugural game, played on April 20, 1912. All living Red Sox uniformed personnel were invited to participate.
Oscar-winning composer John Williams will conduct members of the Boston Pops in the debut of his new composition, "Fanfare for Fenway," in ceremonies that are expected to begin shortly after 2 p.m.
Gates will open at 12:30 p.m., a special opening time in light of the occasion.
Keith Lockhart will conduct members of the Boston Pops for the National Anthem as well as "Hymn to New England," also composed by Williams.
At the conclusion of the anthem, the Air Force's Heritage Flight team will fly in a four-ship formation fly-over that will include two F-16s from Shaw Air Force Base and two World War II era P-51 Mustangs. Military personnel from Hanscom Air Force Base will be on hand to present the colors, which will be draped over the Green Monster.
Friday's ceremonies will also include a toast to Fenway Park. When fans arrive at their seats, they will find a grape juice drink and cups beneath their seats or in cup holders. The crowd will be invited to participate in the toast at the end of the pre-game ceremonies, in an attempt to set a world record for the largest toast in a single venue. Fans are asked to be in their seats by 2 p.m. to enjoy the pre-game ceremony and to participate in the toast.


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WASHINGTON, Nov. 21 (UPI) -- Key U.S. Republican congressional leaders say they want to trim Obamacare and head off other Democratic spending as the so-called fiscal cliff looms.
House Speaker John Boehner of Ohio said in an opinion piece in The Cincinnati Enquirer Wednesday the healthcare reform law Congress approved in President Obama's first term must be part of the upcoming tax-and-spending negotiations.
"We can't afford it, and we can't afford to leave it intact," Boehner wrote. "That's why I've been clear that the law has to stay on the table as both parties discuss ways to solve our nation's massive debt challenge."
Meanwhile, Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala., said in a letter to congressional leaders Tuesday the price tags on any spending proposals must be offset by real cuts elsewhere, The Hill reported.
Steps to offset proposals such as extending the payroll tax cut, changes in Medicare or extending jobless benefits must "be achieved through real savings, not gimmicks like counting baseline savings from future war spending that is not expected to occur, Sessions wrote.
He counseled lawmakers to hold to levels agreed to last year.
"Congress must reorganize and reprioritize these cuts, but we must not retreat from the overall amount Congress agreed to and that the president signed into law," he wrote.
Obama re-election campaign manager Jim Messina said campaign staff and technology could be used to put pressure on Congress to agree to the president's position.
"It would be very easy for supporters today to go and start asking people to call members of Congress," Messina said at a Washington event sponsored by Politico.
"I am sure you will see our supporters start doing that."
Messina said a decision had not been made, but if it were, the effort would include the re-election campaign's online organizing tool, called Dashboard.
"You could easily see people using Dashboard to say, 'OK, I want to talk about the choices ahead of us in the fiscal cliff [debate] and I want to start organizing my friends,'" he said.
"Dashboard would be very easy to start a group. We did over 350,000 events on Dashboard the last couple months of the campaign."
As part of his fiscal cliff proposal, Obama wants to let tax rates rise to 39.6 percent from 35 percent on taxable incomes of more than $200,000 for individuals and $250,000 for couples.
Ending the George W. Bush-era tax cuts for those wealthy people would raise about $440 billion in new revenue over 10 years, the White House estimates.
Obama also plans to travel outside Washington in the hope of broadening national support for the idea, which White House officials say they believe won voter backing in the Nov. 6 election.
In private meetings, White House and House Republican staff members have been reviewing deficit-reduction proposals and discussing what ideas could aid a short-term agreement to avoid the year-end fiscal cliff, The Wall Street Journal reported.
They're also working on a broader deal that would set targets for lawmakers next year to overhaul spending and taxes over the longer term, the Journal said.
The looming fiscal cliff is a combination of hundreds of billions of dollars in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to begin Jan. 1. The Congressional Budget Office predicts if the cliff is not avoided, the U.S. economy would fall back into recession next year and the jobless rate would rise to 9.1 percent.
Messina said Obama's healthcare reform would never have passed if the campaign operation hadn't been repurposed after Obama won the White House in 2008. The operation became a Democratic National Committee community-organizing project called Organizing for America, seeking to mobilize supporters in favor of Obama's legislative priorities.
Messina also pointed out the party's shellacking in the 2010 midterm elections showed the DNC project's limitations.


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Start a New Student Organization
Looking to start a new student organization? Want to be involved but have other ideas of what to do? Visit Student Life to talk about taking on the rewarding challenge of creating a new organization. We want to help you discuss the goals and objectives of the new group and are a resource for you through this process to help make it a success!
How do I get started?
- Complete the application to charter a student organization
- Select an advisor
- Verify eligibility of members
- Create a mission statement and constitution
- Receive McHenry County College approval
- Be active!
What else should I know?
- When you gather for meetings, socials, dances, service projects, community service, as an organization, you are representing the College. Keep this in mind during all activities and maintain a professional demeanor.
- All members of a student organization who have been chosen, delegated or elected into a leadership role within the organization must have a minimum of a cumulative GPA of 2.5 the semester before, during and after the tenure of your role within the organization.
- No organization members may obligate or commit the College in any way without discussing the matter with your advisor and/or the Coordinator of Student Life.
I have more questions about starting a student organization.
Review the Guide to Chartering a New Student Organization


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Win a Limited Edition Bottle of Tabasco in a Big Easy package!
With New Orleans as the host city for the Super Bowl this February, food and drinks will be an even bigger part of the annual celebration, and McIlhenny Company is commemorating the big game and the "Big Easy" with a limited edition bottle of Tabasco Original Red! The bottle and carton will feature a purple, green and gold football-themed design, and a portion of the proceeds will go to Taste of the NFL and their efforts to end hunger in America.
A Portion of Proceeds to Benefit Hunger Relief Through Taste of the NFL – Just in time for the big game in New Orleans, McIlhenny Company announces the release of a limited edition 5-ounce bottle of Tabasco® brand Original Red Sauce.
The football-themed bottle is designed with purple, green and gold accents, capturing the spirit of the "Big Easy."
McIlhenny Company is proud to support Taste of the NFL to help address the needs of the hungry and homeless in America. Through the sale of this limited edition bottle, a portion of the proceeds will be donated to the organization to help feed families who turn to their local food banks for assistance.
"We are excited to celebrate this monumental year for New Orleans with this limited edition offering," said Paul McIlhenny, CEO and Chairman of McIlhenny Company, maker of Tabasco brand products. "As a company whose sauce has long been used on tailgating foods throughout the football season, we are proud to support an organization working to end hunger in America."
The limited edition bottle is available at www.TABASCO.com at a cost of $9.50 per bottle.
HotSauceDaily.com and Tabasco are teaming up to give away 2 bottles of the Big Easy Limited Edition —
How to enter: Simply leave a Comment below telling us who YOU think will win SuperBowl XLVII. One entry per person. We will do a random drawing from all entries, with a winner from each team's fans. One for the Raven's fans, one for the 49'ers. Contest runs from 12:01 am ET 1/29/13 thru 6:30 pm ET (kickoff) 2/3/13.
About McIlhenny Company:
McIlhenny Company produces TABASCO® brand products, which are sold in more than 165 countries and territories around the world and labeled in 22 languages and dialects. The 144-year-old company makes a line of pepper sauces, including its world-famous Tabasco brand Original Red Sauce, Green Jalapeño Pepper Sauce, Chipotle Pepper Sauce, SWEET & Spicy Pepper Sauce, Habanero Sauce, Garlic Pepper Sauce and the newest addition, Buffalo Style Hot Sauce.
About Taste of the NFL:
The Taste of the NFL (TNFL) is a 501c3 that exists to raise awareness and dollars for hunger relief organizations involved in tackling hunger in America. The Minneapolis-based organization conducts national and local fundraising events throughout the year to raise money to combat hunger issues facing millions of Americans. People must also be knowledgeable about the advantages of loaning so that they can have enough money for their daily needs. Just make sure that the rules and considerations are properly discussed to avoid financial issues. By the way, as I read loanovao's reviews it made my day for all of it are promising. To date, Taste of the NFL has raised more than $14 million for this critically important cause and is looking forward to its 2013 event on the eve of Super Bowl XLVII in New Orleans. For more information, visit www.TasteoftheNFL.com.
Our winners, randomly selected using random.org are: Rachael Abel for the 49er's and Alan Bowman for the Ravens! Congrats and thank you to everyone who entered!


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I need a printable administration map of a country. I would like to use it in Corel Draw for some colour manipulations and poster printing. I have found the map on http://www.diva-gis.org/ but it is in shapefile format.
How can I convert it to any acceptable vector format like svg/cdr/eps/pdf?


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Gleason, Baskind and Tetreault were each named IWLCA All-Region (Craig Cyr).
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Three members of the Harvard women's lacrosse team have been named to the Intercollegiate Women's Lacrosse Coaches Association All-Northeast Region teams announced on Thursday. Ellen Gleason was selected to the first team, while Melanie Baskind and Danielle Tetreault received second team honors. Each individual is now eligible for inclusion on the IWLCA All-America teams, which will be announced on Sunday, May 27.
Gleason started all 16 games for the Crimson at defense. She collected 14 ground balls, caused four turnovers and won four draws this season. The senior co-captain has helped to turn the Harvard defense into one of the top units in the country, as the Crimson rank fourth in the NCAA having allowed just 7.81 goals per game. Out of Harvard's 15 opponents, Gleason and her counterparts limited 11 to less than 10 goals, and held five to five or fewer. She was a unanimous All-Ivy League first team selection.
Baskind, a three-time all-region selection, made an impact on each end of the field for the Crimson this season. The senior co-captain ranked first on the team in assists (6), caused turnovers (15) and points (33), second in goals (27) and ground balls (37) and third in draw controls (22). She was named to the Ivy League All-Tournament team, All-Ivy second team and was named Ivy League Defense Player of the Week three times. She finished her career scoring at least one goal in 11 straight games.
Tetreault paced Harvard's offense with a team-high 28 goals and converted a team-best eight free position attempts. The junior midfielder also ranked second in assists (5) and third in ground balls (19) while winning six draw controls and causing five turnovers. Tetreault scored at least one goal in each of the Harvard's 15 regular season contests this season and averaged 1.75 goals per game. She was a second team All-Ivy selection and was named to the all-region first team in 2011.


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Lot owners at Fayette's Pleasant View Union Cemetery are encouraged to pick up updated "Rules and Regulations" booklets at the Village Hall or at the cemetery office.
If a booklet needs to be mailed, said sexton Jason Ferguson, send a letter of request with your address to: P.O. Box 31, Fayette, OH 43521, or call the cemetery office at 419/237-2466.
Several changes in rates and clean-up rules were approved by the cemetery board in February.


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Joe Sylvester, 26, wants to break the 202-foot long jump record for monster trucks set by Bigfoot in 1999. On Tuesday, he took a practice jump of half the distance, but generated about twice the altitude he needed. Gravity sucks.
The test caught on video - including a shot from underneath Sylvester's "Bad Habits" truck - looks like a cannon shot into Pennsylvania farmland. Sylvester walks away, but not before throwing something at the wreckage.
Sylvester still plans to make his attempt this Sunday at Baker Hill Farm in Columbus, Penn., with a few modifications for launch trajectory. The bid will be aired live on Dirtvision.com.
(H/T to Shawn!)


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We offer an integration with Wonscore from Wonderlic to give you an easier, faster way to hire better employees. Wonscore assesses and ranks potential employees in the areas scientifically proven to predict job performance. Drawing on decades of research, Wonderlic has developed candidate profiles for more than 900 jobs across all major industries. By selecting the job description and attributes that best match your open position, you allow Wonscore to automatically evaluate applicants based on benchmarks that are tailored to the position you're filling. Learn more by watching this video and/or keep reading for additional information.
Why Wonscore?
- Assesses cognitive ability, motivation and personality
- Make more informed hiring decisions
- Improve your employee retention
- Start testing in minutes from any device
Free Trial? Yes!
Wonderlic is offering a free 14-day trial so you can experience Wonscore's applicant assessment capabilities for yourself before you buy. To sign up for a free trial, go to Your Account > Account Details and scroll down to the Integrate section where you can click on the Wonscore from Wonderlic icon. (Note: You must have permissions to view the Account Details page to sign up for a free trial - talk to your friendly Account Owner if you need a permissions upgrade.)
On the Wonscore page, complete the short trial signup form and click on the Start your 14-day Free Trial button to get started. Once you have signed up, you'll see a list of your job postings appear on the page with an Add Wonscore button next to each. You'll be taken to your job posting Edit Job page where you'll see a Pick a Wonscore Profile button. Click on the button and follow the steps in the pop-up wizard to associate a Wonscore candidate profile with your job posting to enable pre-employment screening.
Once you've picked a profile, applicants that apply for this job will be prompted to complete assessments to gauge their personality, cognitive ability and motivation. Wonscore results will be visible in the Application Viewer.
How much does it cost?
Pricing is based on your organization's size. When you complete the free trial sign up form, you'll be prompted to select the number of employees your organization has. Once you select a size, the monthly Wonscore price will display on the right hand side of the page.


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Images of Industry
S.S. CARMARTHENSHIRE Entering Hong Kong Harbour April 23rd 1897
HONG KONG SCHOOL, 19th century
Date: 1897
Media: oil on fibreglass
Size: 445 x 595 mm
Acquired: 1993; Purchase
Accession Number: 1993.221
Having been completed by the famous Swan Hunter yard on the Tyne in 1887, the Carmarthenshire became one of the vessels of the famous Shire Line, established in London in 1860 by Captain David Jenkins. Jenkins was born in Exeter in 1824 to a family with its roots in Pembrokeshire, and he went on to establish the first regular shipping service from the UK to Japan in 1869. His ships all bore the names of Welsh counties and it was said that one had to be a Welshman to be considered for employment with the firm! Shire Line eventually became part of the great Royal Mail Group in 1907, but the Carmarthenshire had already been sold out of the service in 1901.
Comments - (2)
Thank you very much for your comment. Please visit the Print on Demand pages of our website (https://museum.wales/shop/category/2928/Prints/) for details about obtaining reproductions of images in our collections.
Best wishes,
Marc Haynes
Digital team


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The LaFerrari unveiled at Geneva. An iconic name for a car that encompasses the very best of Prancing Horse passion, technology and exclusivity
Maranello, 5th March 2013 – The wraps are finally off the "LaFerrari". The Prancing Horse's eagerly-anticipated limited-series special, of which just 499 will be built, made its world debut today at the Geneva International Motor Show.
"We chose to call this model "LaFerrari"," declared Ferrari's President, Luca di Montezemolo, "because it is the maximum expression of what defines our company – excellence. Excellence in terms of technological innovation, performance, visionary styling and the sheer thrill of driving. Aimed at our collectors, this is a truly extraordinary car which encompasses advanced solutions that, in the future, will find their way onto the rest of the range, and it represents the benchmark for the entire automotive industry. "LaFerrari" is the finest expression of our company's unique, unparalleled engineering and design know-how, including that acquired in Formula 1."
For Ferrari the development of a limited-series special like the "LaFerrari" represents an opportunity to experiment with all the technological solutions that will later filter down onto the production cars. Of particular significance in this context is the introduction of the hybrid system which, making full use of the Scuderia Ferrari's F1 KERS know-how, has resulted in a solution that exalts Ferrari's fundamental values – performance and driving thrills. The hybrid technology used, known as HY-KERS, represents the perfect combination of maximum performance and lower emissions (just 330 g/km of CO2.)
The "LaFerrari" is equipped with dynamic controls that are integrated for the first time ever on a Ferrari road car with active aerodynamics and the HY-KERS system. A very advanced and uncompromising approach was also taken with the interior design which features an HMI inspired by F1 single-seaters.


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Are clothes just the pieces of cloth a man puts on to protect himself from the elements and to uphold the conventions of modesty? This is only partly true. Aside from the desire to appear pleasing, a man dresses in accord with an image. This is a barely articulated, subliminal sense of what is appropriate to his station in life. Invariably, it reflects a man's occupation. Businessmen and accountants have traditionally been very conservative as far as their appearance is concerned, preferring a certain conformity that yet would say to the world, "I am a businessman" or "I am a professional." The rationale was—and remains—that the only thing assertive about a man should be his talent and personality and the goods or services that he offers his customers or clients, not his appearance. Dr. J. Peter McNerney, an industrial psychologist who has been a consultant for Haskins & Sells, explains this concept. "I think the greatest stress on dress in industry was developed by organizations that were trying to sell professional services—banks, management consultants and accountants," he says. "A good many years ago we decided that an image would really help our services." Service "salesmen" have nothing else to offer their customers but their own expertise; there is no tangible merchandise to offer like new cars, a line of dresses, a brand of soup. Instead the service professions, bereft of a showroom or display case as tangible ev- 24 idence of their labor, work largely within the confines of another occupation. To escape this sort of overshadowing, the reasoning ran, it would be necessary for the accountant and the consultant (among other service professionals) to compensate by adhering to a certain stamp, a controlled presentation of himself that would be recognized as substance, as moderation, as continuity. As far as appearance is concerned, this concept resulted in a sort of uniform: subtle colors, subtle patterns, subtle cuts; a quiet coordination that resulted in a homogeneity among all people in the business and service professional world. McNerney cited the well-known "IBM image" of dark suits and white shirts as a prime example of a calculated professional image via appearance. Computer salesmen do not sell just complicated electronic machinery but also a whole concept of service to the customer. The psychology of their quiet, conservative clothing was to prove they could unobtrusively fit in with the bosses and employees of a business in all phases of its operation. McNerney quoted a vice president of Arthur D. Little, a prominent consulting firm, who put it this way: "We like PhDs on our staff— as long as they're properly packaged." Within the past decade, however, and especially within the past five years, this idea that appearance should be as understated as possible has run headon into a new concept: man as a fashion plate suddenly coddled by designers as well as tailors; man as the peacock and, in its more extreme form, as the faddist. Suddenly men's fashions are news and the options for not being a lookalike virtually endless. Fewer white shirts are being purchased; hats have virtually disappeared; ties are wild and wide; suits come in a range of cuts as well as patterns; sideburns are definitely "in" and barbers are no longer asked to "clip it close around the ears." Initially, the business community resisted these blandishments to vanity. But recently such frills as wide-lapeled Edwardian suits and even muttonchop sideburns are appearing in the executive offices of companies that were
Object Description
Do clothes make the man?
Clothing and dress
H&S Reports, Vol. 07, (1970 summer), p. 24-27
|Originally published by: Haskins & Sells
|Copyright and permission to republish held by: Deloitte
|PDF page image with corrected OCR scanned at 400 dpi
|Deloitte Digital Collection
|Digital Publisher
|University of Mississippi Library. Accounting Collection
|Date-Digitally Created


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The latest numbers from ZipRealty show Sacramento had the greatest increase in home sale prices in all 24 markets analyzed.
Even with interest rates rising a full percentage point, Sacramento saw a 42-percent home sale price increase in June compared to last year.
The median price of a home was $235,000, up from $166,000. ZipRealty President Lanny Baker says Sacramento's home price rise was three times that of other markets.
"In Sacramento, we're looking at more than a third of the housing is selling in less than seven days," says Baker. "And when houses are selling at their listing price and selling really quickly that's a real encouragement."
Baker says investors in Sacramento that were once paying cash for housing stock are now focusing their attention on the east coast.


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Whitewood Estates is a district in west Las Venturas, San Andreas, bordering Blackfield, Redsands West and the Pilson Intersection. The district is both a residential and industrial district, since it has numerous houses and abattoirs. It houses a safehouse, which Carl Johnson could purchase for $30,000.
|Neighborhoods, districts and areas in Las Venturas, San Andreas
|Blackfield • Creek • Las Venturas Airport • Linden Side • LVA Freight Depot • Old Venturas Strip • Pilgrim • Prickle Pine • Randolph Industrial Estate
Redsands East • Redsands West • Roca Escalante • Rockshore East • Rockshore West • Spinybed • Whitewood Estates • Yellow Bell Golf Course


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The NBA has decided to hold the 2017 All-Star Game in New Orleans, a person familiar with the decision told The Associated Press, according to NBC News.
The people spoke to the AP on condition of anonymity Friday because the decision hasn't been announced. An announcement was expected within the day, the person said.
New Orleans replaces Charlotte, which was set to host the game until the NBA decided last month that it wouldn't hold the mid-season event in North Carolina because of a state law that limits anti-discrimination protections for lesbian, gay and transgender people.
This marks the third time New Orleans has been selected to host the league's All-Star Game since 2008.


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Earlier this year, Salma Hayek chronicled her early showbiz travails in Lucky, including a bout with severe acne that led to a bout with severe depression that led to some weight gain, and eventually led her to reluctantly using Accutane and being in Desperado. A star was born, etc.
Since Hollywood's such a ruthlessly superficial place, Hayek recently returned to the pages of a magazine spread (this time in Harper's BAZAAR) to dispense her eternal wisdom for anyone foolish enough to think that extreme dieting coupled with grueling exercise is the best way to be fit and healthy. That's no way to maintain your sanity, explained the 46-year-old, Botox-eschewing actress. This is:
"I am on the limit of chubbiness because I love my food and my wine. It's not the best for fashion, but it's good for my mood," said the Mexican-born actress. "I am happy because I eat. I am 46 — I will not have Botox. You know why? Because I eat! I eat the fat, I eat the vegetables, I eat everything. If you exercise too much and you don't eat enough, it takes its toll on the skin. Everything starts aging. And you know what? You look miserable."
Though Salma Hayek is hardly "on the limit of chubbiness," she has a point — fattening food is delicious and so are vegetables, but only if they're drenched in butter, which, as it just so happens, makes them better for you anyway.
Eating fattening food key to looking younger, says Salma Hayek [Telegraph]


text: Hi, I'm new to the forums, and I signed up for the sole purpose of fixing my forehand. My topspin forehand lacks power and control, and I can't hit them unless it is an easy shot or if I'm feeding the ball. I usually use a forehand slice if I have to, if I can't maneuver myself around the ball to use my backhand. I asked a friend about my form, and he said that I have to move into the ball when I swing. I've improved a little because of that, but I still lack the power that I can get using my backhand. I'm playing varsity tennis as a freshman in high school, mainly because of my backhand and serving, and I feel that if I can get a powerful and accurate forehand I can easily do better. Thanks in advance.


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Samsung Galaxy Note Lenses
Grab a Samsung Galaxy Note Fix Kit and bring your phone back to life!
iFixit has you covered with parts, tools, and free repair guides. Repair with confidence! All of our replacement parts are tested to rigorous standards and backed by our industry-leading warranty.
Choisissez votre modèle de Samsung Galaxy Note :
Pièces compatibles avec Samsung Galaxy Note :
Galaxy Note (AT&T) Screen
This assembly includes the front glass digitizer screen, AMOLED display, and front plastic frame for the AT&T model Samsung Galaxy Note (SGH-1717).
Galaxy Note Battery
Replace a old, dying or defective battery in a Samsung Galaxy Note.
Galaxy Note Battery Cover (AT&T)
Replace the rear case on an AT&T model Samsung Galaxy Note.
Galaxy S4 & Note Test Cable for Display Assembly
This test cable simplifies connecting multiple display assemblies for the Samsung Galaxy S4 and Note.
Infos sur l'appareil
The Samsung Galaxy Note is considered a, "phablet," or a cross between a phone and a tablet. It was released in October of 2011 and by December had sold over one million that year.
The Galaxy Note has a 135 mm (5.3 in) screen with a Gorilla Glass front panel for extra durability and strength. It features a dual core 1.4 GHz ARM Cortex A9 Exynos 4210 ScO processor. The display is a HD Super AMOLED display with RGBG-Matrix and WXGA resolution. Unique to this device line, it came with a stylus.
Select your model or browse all compatible parts to find what you need to fix yours!


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My Story
Ever since my husband was deployed to Iraq (Jan. 2004), people
have been asking me if I believe in the war...if I believe in the "cause",
if I believe in Bush. Well, to be honest...I do not know. I don't live
in Iraq and I don't know what it's like over there. I do know that I
believe in the effect...the effect it has had on our new family...the
effect it has had on his mother, his sister and his brothers and his
nieces who he is close to...most of all the effect it has had on me.
My husband is a mechanic, so I do believe that there are trucks
out there that break down and need to be fixed. I do believe that
my husband needs to help others safely get to where they are going.
My husband is good at his job, even though WE are relatively new
to the Marines. I told him from the beginning that I would support
him in ANYTHING he does and it's been hard to keep that statement
in mind since he has missed our one year wedding anniversery...
my birthday, 2 years in a row...holidays...family celebrations...and
most importantly the birth of our first child. Aden (our first born) was
born in April of this year. My husband hasn't met him yet and he's
nearly 5 months old. It breaks my heart every time I look at Aden's
new accomplishments, knowing that my husband is missing so
much. And although I miss him and I am sad...I am also very proud
I've overheard so many ignorant American citizens criticize this war...
this president...this terrorism we have no control over. It takes
everything I have in me to bite my tongue in respect for other
people's mindless opinions...they could be using they're trash-
talking energy to send some care packages to some marine with
no family or send a sympathy card to a family who just lost their marine.
All in all, my bitterness only goes so far. My husband is still alive...
he's coming home soon...my son gets to meet his father. My
prayers go out to those wives at home (those husbands at home,
too)...those children who don't understand why daddy or mommy
is gone...those mother's who pray for their baby's safe return. My
prayers go out to the families in Iraq and every other country who
have witnessed an execution...who don't drink clean water...my
prayers go out to all of us.
Thank You to everyone who has prayed and sent good thoughts
out to everyone involved. We all need each other...in war and in peace.
Submitted by Amanda Santana


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Follow the Unlimited Money
Outside spending by race: CA-7 (House)
Total independent expenditures in this race: $8,237,918.33
Independent Expenditure Summary
This table shows the total amount of independent expenditures each group made to support or oppose a candidate in this race. For a downloadable file of this information, click here.
Select political group or a candidate to see details.


text:
Voodoo Brake Science: How Brakes Work
Understanding Pedal Ratios, Bore Sizes, And Line Pressures
Brakes are rather simple when you think about it; you stop if you have them and crash if you don't. Somewhere between these two extremes lay the majority of our own brakes, and for the most part, they usually function pretty darn well.
But for those of you who swap brake parts to build custom creations or are saddled with a project that wasn't done right, this story will give you the basics on the three least-understood aspects of a hydraulic braking system that have the greatest impact on how well it works: pedal ratio, master cylinder bore size, and hydraulic line pressure.
One of the biggest braking problems occurs when a stock vehicle, after it's had 1,000 pounds of accessories added and bigger tires slapped on, just won't stop like it used to.
If you've ever noticed the drum and rotor differences between a 1/2-ton and 3/4-ton truck, you know that size does make a difference. The heavier-rated truck is capable of carrying a heavier load, and the larger brakes are properly designed to safely stop that theoretical maximum weight.
Does that mean your overweight Suzuki needs 1-ton-rated brakes for the ultimate in stoppage? No, because the extra weight of the components themselves would negate the advantages. While the ideal situation is to figure out what you need in stopping power, most people are unaware of how to do it. The standard answer is to replace drum brakes with discs, but disc brakes do not necessarily stop better than drums, due to the larger frictional area of drum brakes and their self-energizing feature. However, disc systems definitely work better in the 'wheeling world, because they offer consistent operation in high-heat and wet situations and are much easier to maintain and adjust.
Whether you go with discs or drums, safe, effective braking is the ultimate goal. Achieving that requires either the hit-or-miss approach of parts swapping or a real understanding of the relationship between your foot pressing on the pedal and the tires grabbing the ground.
Probably the three most misunderstood factors that affect braking performance are pedal ratio, master cylinder pressure, and master cylinder volume. If these three items are correct, other issues, such as the type of lining material and brake-biasing procedures, can easily be handled. For example, if the custom brake system on a truck doesn't stop it sufficiently many owners will just throw on better brake pads, when in reality the pedal ratio or the pressure or volume to the calipers may be wrong.
In addition to explaining these braking mysteries, we have also included a few tricks and tips, along with some associated formulas for figuring out how to stop your rig in the real world, that we've learned through our own hit-or-miss upgrades.
But remember, the braking system on your vehicle is one of the most important aspects regarding the safety of yourself and others. If you can't modify the braking system correctly, don't do it at all. It's far better to leave this type of work to the experts than to end up in a ditch, or worse.
Pedal Ratio
Most vehicles have a brake pedal that hangs under the dash on a pivot, with a rod attached beneath the pivot that goes into the master cylinder. The distances between the foot pad, the pivot, and the pushrod are designed to provide leverage. This allows a small amount of foot force (referred to as pedal pressure) to translate into the high amount of hydraulic line pressure needed to stop the truck. On most production vehicles the pedal ratio is preset and nonadjustable; generally it's about 5:1 for manual brakes and 3:1 for power brakes, since they require less effort to activate. But on custom installations these ratios can be completely out of whack, leading to a hard pedal if the ratio is low, or excessively long travel if the ratio is high.
Also important is the stroke of the master cylinder. Most master cylinders have 1 to 2 inches of stroke; the pivot point and the pedal ratio must be adjusted to match the stroke of the master cylinder, otherwise full pressure or complete retraction may not be accomplished. For example, if the pedal is in the full up position against the pedal stop but the master cylinder piston isn't fully retracted, the brakes may still be applied and they may drag. Likewise, if the brake pedal hits the floor or another stop before the master cylinder is fully depressed, full braking pressure may not be available.
Master Cylinder Pressure
Most hydraulic brake systems operate at a safe maximum of 1,000 to 1,200 psi, with regular braking pressures below this figure. The hydraulic pressure in the system is a function of input pressure from the pedal and the piston area of the master cylinder. The way to calculate this pressure (P) is to divide the force on the pedal (F) by the area of the piston face in square inches (A), or P=F÷A. Knowing that a 1-inch bore master cylinder has an area of 0.7854 square inches (šR2), and with a known force of 600 pounds on the plunger in the master cylinder, we come up with: 600÷0.7854=764 psi in the braking system. Likewise, substituting a larger or smaller diameter master cylinder bore in this scenario, such as 1 1/4-inch or 7/8-inch, will produce 489 psi or 997 psi, respectively. So a larger volume master cylinder (a bigger bore) will produce lower pressure than a master cylinder with a smaller bore.
Proper pressure, which is critical to the correct function of any braking system, can be adjusted as described with different size master cylinder bores and pedal ratios. A smaller master cylinder can be used if higher system pressure is needed. However, switching to a smaller master cylinder will also increase the pedal travel. If the system can't accommodate this travel (i.e., the pedal hits the floor), then this is not a good option. In that case it might be better to increase the force on the master cylinder by raising the pedal ratio to obtain more pressure in the system.
Master Cylinder Volume
When changing the diameter or the stroke of a master cylinder the volume of fluid displaced is changed as well. But since the volume of a closed system remains the same and brake fluid can't be compressed, the stroke of the cylinder is limited. On any brake system in proper operating condition the pads or the linings are very close to the rotors and drums, so not much movement is needed for them to make contact. After clearances are taken up, pressure rises in the system as the pedal is pushed down, but the actual fluid displacement within the system remains the same, regardless of the diameter of the master cylinder. The volume of fluid displaced equals the stroke of the piston times the surface area, so a larger-diameter master cylinder needs a smaller stroke to displace the same amount of fluid as a smaller-diameter one. This is one case where bigger isn't always better. If the stroke and the diameter of the master cylinder and the pedal ratio can't be changed, then adjusting the pressure within the system can sometimes be accomplished by using larger wheel cylinders or bigger calipers.
Here's a simple formula to determine the volume of displacement necessary to safely operate a brake system. Proper capacity is determined by the equation D=S x A, where D is the total cylinder displacement, S is the stroke, and A is the piston area in square inches. To see how this works, we'll use a theoretical four-wheel disc system where the front calipers each displace 0.075 cubic inch and the rears each displace 0.050 cubic inch. The total volume of all four calipers is 0.25 cubic inch. ([0.075 x 2]+[0.05 x 2]). After multiplying by a safety factor of 100 percent to account for swelling, leakage, and deflection, we arrive at a total of 0.5 cubic inches of needed cylinder displacement. The master cylinder stroke is 1.2 inches, a common length. Solving for the unknown variable, where D÷S=A, we get 0.5÷1.2=0.417, or a piston area of 0.417 square inch. That translates to a bore size of between 11/16 and 3/4 inch (Piston area=šR2).
The End Result
To design and build the perfect braking system for any particular truck, many additional factors must also be considered. The coefficient of friction of the pads or shoes, the brake torque of such, the vehicle's center of gravity and total weight, and so on. Do real people actually sit down and measure all these factors and figure out exactly how to build a brake system? You bet they do! But the old seat-of-the-pants method usually comes into play once the general design work is finished. Most builders set up a rig and then go out and test it on a deserted road with no nearby telephone poles or cliffs. Changing any or all of the aforementioned variables a little at a time is essential to dial-in proper braking for each individual vehicle, especially custom-modified ones.


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Come enjoy nature, take a walk on our trails, discover the great variety of birds in Panama from our 40-meter observation tower, and relax observing the hummingbirds in our Visitor Center.
The Panama Rainforest Discovery Center is in the Pipeline Road, on the border of the Soberania National Park, just 40 min from Panama City.
The Panama Rainforest Discovery Center is an ecotourism and environmental education project administrated by the Fundación Avifauna Eugene Eisenmann, of which the objective is the conservation of birds through environmental sustainability projects.


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- FIA news
FIA warns drivers over swearing
- Race:
- Abu Dhabi Grand Prix
- Drivers:
- Kimi Räikkönen
- |
- Sebastian Vettel
The FIA sent out a warning to all teams and drivers about using offensive language in media interviews, saying that it "shines an unwelcome beam of adverse publicity" on Formula One.
Both Sebastian Vettel and Kimi Raikkonen swore during the podium ceremony at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, which was broadcast across the world directly after the race. According to the Times the letter reminded the teams and drivers it was "very much our collective responsibility to make sure drivers are aware such language has no place during media events".
On the evening of the race Sebastian Vettel issued the following apology on his personal website.
"I'm terribly sorry for using the wrong word on the podium and I'm sorry if I have offended anyone who was watching. In the heat of the moment, I didn't use the right words and I apologise. I'll do it better next time."


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For the longest time I have been looking to have time to work on this project to make everyone's life easier.
Bug 673131 - when minor talos changes land, the a-team should be able to deploy with minimal releng time required
What about if we could limit talos changes as any other change that lands on the tree?
Currently what we do is to download a talos.zip that replaces the old one in one of our build machines. This means that as soon as any job starts a talos job it will grab the newest talos.zip.
To read about some of the problems that this causes you can go at the bottom of this post.
I will tell you what I want to change even though I don't yet know exactly how to do it.
- the talos job downloads a text file:
- e.g. hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/raw-file/abcd1234567/path/to/talos/config/file.json
- that file will contain the URL of the talos bundle
- e.g. people.mozilla.com/~armenzg/talos/talos.zip
- the talos bundle will be downloaded
- how to prevent a talos.zip to contain malicious code and cause us harm?
- anyone with try commit level could tinker with a machine inside of the build network (even though we don't ship anything from such machine)
- we should find a way to limit this
- perhaps have this feature only available to a give project branch? A-team branch?
- we could add a cgi script to upload a talos.zip
- maybe we should redesign this to just indicate a "revision" and update to it for http://hg.mozilla.org/build/talos
- it forces to match a build to a given talos.zip
- this means that if you want to try another talos.zip you will have to push a different changeset to specify a different talos.zip to be used even though the build is exactly the same
I wanted to have this section in case there was somebody curious about the problems we face with the current setup:
- no need for downtimes as changes are isolated to a changeset landing
- a changeset can have some talos jobs test the old talos.zip and the new one
- this can make some platforms to show a new regression on that changeset and some on the next one. This makes it hard to figure things out
- a build that started before the talos.zip was deployed can be blamed for causing a regression even though the talos.zip was deployed *after* the talos.zip was deployed
- a talos.zip change does not show up on the pushlog
- this means that it can only be noticed if a note is sent to dev.tree-management or if the Maintenance page was updated correctly
- this means that it can not be backed out by a developer
This work by Zambrano Gasparnian, Armen is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.


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Owner's Center
Contact Us
1-800-269-6215Mon. - Fri. 9AM - 7PM
Part Finder
Know your part number?
- Know your model number?
- Don't know your model number?
You can use the Part Finder to help find your model and the right part for your machine.
Matching Models
Diagnose & Troubleshoot Snow Throwers
Select one of the symptoms below to find possible causes and common solutions
Common Symptoms:
- Engine Fails to Start
- Engine Overheats
- Engine Runs Erratic
- Excessive Vibration
- Loss Of Power
- Unit Fails to Discharge Snow
- Unit Fails to Propel
Unit Fails to Discharge Snow
|Possible Causes
|Corrective Actions
1Chute assembly clogged
Stop engine immediately and disconnect spark plug wire. Clean chute assembly and inside of auger housing with clean-out tool or a stick. Click for more detailed instructions
Foreign object lodged in auger
Stop engine immediately and disconnect spark plug wire. Remove object from auger with a clean out tool or stick
Auger control cable in need of adjustment
Refer to Auger Control test in your operator's manual
Auger belt loose or damaged
Replace belt
Shear pin(s) sheared
Replace with new shear pin(s)


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Man United wage bill overtakes Chelsea's for the first time in a decade
Chelsea's wage bill has been overtaken by Manchester United's for the first time in more than a decade, it can be revealed.
In 2004, the Roman Abramovich-owned club were reckoned to be the biggest payers in world football as Chelsea spent heavily to challenge United's dominance.
Ten years on, and Manchester City are now easily the biggest payers in the Premier League, and Chelsea's accounts lodged with Companies House show that they are now in third spot in the 'wages league' below United as well.
Chelsea's wage bill in 2012/13 was £176million compared to £182million for Manchester United in the same season, while Manchester City's was £233million.
Chelsea's salary bill for the season also includes £4million paid during the course of the year to former manager Roberto Di Matteo - the accounts say the sum is for "termination payments and compensation in relation to changes in the first-team management structure".
The increasingly-prudent approach to wages at Chelsea reflects the club's commitment to complying with UEFA's financial fair play rules, where clubs in European competition can only record losses of 45million euros (£37.5m) during the first two-year accounting period.
Chelsea have also benefited from signing the likes of Eden Hazard, Oscar and Juan Mata before they were established superstars demanding huge salaries, which also has taken the pressure off the wage bill.
Wages at the Stamford Bridge club actually fell overall in 2011/12, and the rise last season was around three per cent compared to an 11.6% increase at United.
In terms of UEFA's spending rules, Chelsea Football Club Ltd's accounts state: "The introduction of UEFA's financial fair play regulations from the 2011/12 season provides a significant challenge.
"The football club needs to continue to balance success on the field together with the financial imperatives of this new regime."
The latest figure are in stark contrast to 10 years ago when
Deloitte's annual football finance review estimated Chelsea's wage bill of £115million in 2003/04 as "almost certainly the highest in world football".
In that year, Roman Abramovich's first full season of ownership of Chelsea, the club registered a 110 per cent increase in wages.
Who is your sportstar of the year?
Vote in the Irish Independent Sport Star Awards and you could win the ultimate sports prize.
Prizes include, tickets to Ireland's against Scotland in the Six Nations, All Ireland football and hurling final tickets and much more.
Simply click here to register your vote
Online Editors


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Cobb fuels Rays' second straight shutout
Johnson goes yard, Loney smacks two-run double
ST. PETERSBURG -- Alex Cobb gave the Rays a quality start and the offense overcame some missed opportunities en route to a 6-0 win over the Indians on Saturday night at Tropicana Field.
Making his first start of the season, Cobb picked up where he left off during a successful spring campaign. The 25-year-old right-hander held the Indians to no runs on four hits in 7 1/3 innings to pick up the win.
Cobb "started out like gangbusters," Rays manager Joe Maddon said. "Everything was working -- the fastball, the comebacker on the front hip of the lefties, really good curve, good changeup. He got a little bit out of rhythm but then he found it once again. That's what he's been doing the entire camp this Spring Training. He looked very, very good. Confidence is soaring and that's a great first game to build off."
When Cobb wasn't using his arm, he came through with his backside. He resembled a power forward boxing out in the paint when using his posterior to stop Jason Kipnis' shot to the mound in the sixth. Unfazed, he picked up the ball and threw to first for the second out of the inning.
Cobb improved to 8-1 with a 2.78 ERA over his last 12 starts dating back to Aug. 1, and he managed to raise the bar among the starters following Matt Moore's solid performance Friday night.
"We're always having a little friendly competition among the starters," Cobb said. "I think every time any of us get the ball every night, we're trying to go nine. Same with me tonight. If I don't have those three walks, probably could have a pretty decent chance at that. It's something to work at throughout the year."
The Indians were shut out in consecutive games for the first time since Aug. 27-28, 2012.
"We're scuffling a little bit," Indians manager Terry Francona said. "At the beginning of the season, those types of things tend to get exaggerated because it's early. ... As cold as guys get, they can get just as hot. That'll happen."
Early scoring opportunities eluded the Rays in a fashion that suggested they might haunt them later in the game.
In the first, Indians starter Trevor Bauer walked the bases loaded with no outs before walking Evan Longoria to bring home Desmond Jennings with the Rays' first run.
Bauer appeared to be on the ropes, but the Rays let the right-hander off the hook. James Loney popped out, then Yunel Escobar lined out to Ryan Raburn. Matt Joyce tagged at third and tried to score, but Raburn threw a strike to Lou Marson and the veteran catcher applied the tag to Joyce for the third out.
Jennings walked to start the third. But after stealing second and third, he tried to score when Joyce hit a grounder to third baseman Lonnie Chisenhall, who threw home to Marson. Jennings took a more direct approach than Joyce, driving through Marson. The catcher held onto the ball, but had to leave the game with a cervical/neck strain before the start of the next inning.
"I thought I could beat the play home," Jennings said. "I looked to see if I could go either way and I couldn't."
Jennings was surprised he did not jar the ball loose.
"Yeah, I looked for the ball after the play was over," Jennings said. "It was a good play by him."
Marson called it a clean play.
"He had nowhere to go," Marson said. "I had the plate blocked pretty good."
In the fourth, the Rays finally pushed Bauer off the tightrope he'd been walking. Jose Molina collected the Rays' first hit when he singled to left with one out. Moments later, Kelly Johnson connected on an 0-1 pitch from Bauer and drove the ball over the wall near the right-field foul pole for a 3-0 lead.
"Obviously, it felt like we should have had about that 3-0 lead a couple of innings before then anyway," said Johnson. "Good time to break it open and put a little more distance between us."
Escobar drove a hit to center off Matt Albers to start the sixth and successfully stretched the hit into a double, though replays suggested otherwise. Shelley Duncan then drove him home with a single to the gap in right-center field to put the Rays up 4-0.
The Rays went on to load the bases with one out, but Albers struck out Joyce for the second out before retiring Ben Zobrist on a groundout to end the inning -- and Albers' outing. Escobar's double obviously festered in Albers' craw, which prompted him to offer his candid opinion to second base umpire CB Bucknor, earning Albers an ejection from the game.
Loney laced a double to left-center in the ninth to drive home Joyce and Longoria and extend the lead to 6-0.


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The app, which is currently available in the iOS system for Apple, includes little-known facts, pictures and anecdotes about more than two dozen historic landmarks. Users can also locate nearby restrooms, bike racks, taxi information and banking ATMs.
There's an in-app purchase option for $1.99, that offers additional interactive amusement, including a triva game, scavenger hunt and a special "Murder & Mayhem" tour for those wanting to partake in the darker side of Old Sacaramento.
Those completing the activities are rewarded with a free treat from Evangelines, a prize from the Sacramento History Museum or a food discount from Ten22.
An Android version of the app is in the works.
Learn more and download the app at the Apple iTunes store.
Visitors to Old Sacramento can now take a self-guided tour with the help of a smartphone app.


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According to a new rumor from DigiTimes, MacBook Air's production will run in full gearbeginning in July. If true, this report suggests that new MacBook Air could be launched after the release, or more likely alongside with the release of Mac OS X Lion, which is scheduled to be released this July.
Digitime says, Apple is expected to take deliveries of over eight million MacBook Airs in the third quarter, nearly doubling from the previous quarter, the sources in the supply chain estimated. This is in line with a previous rumor from Taiwan's Economic Daily newspaper that Apple will ship 380,000 new MacBook Air units within the next month.
Shipments of parts and components for MacBook lineups totaled an equivalent of 2.2-2.4 million MacBooks in June, and orders for July are likely to top 2.7-2.8 million units, said the sources, noting that the increase is in line with Apple's previous strategy to ramp up deliveries prior to the launch of new products.
Last time Apple refreshed the MacBook Air range, they added a new size(11.6), upgraded processor to Core 2 Duo, and used SSD for storage. This time we are expecting Thunderbolt ports, either Core i5 or Core i7 chips, or maybe Intel's new ULV processor. Few rumors suggesting option of a black color have also surfaced.


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0 Members and 1 Lonely Barbarian are spying on this topic.
But if you can think of a way to entice people to relook at old stuff, that would be an interesting puzzle.
Quote from: Strolen on June 06, 2012, 01:35:33 PMBut if you can think of a way to entice people to relook at old stuff, that would be an interesting puzzle. Hmm here's rough concept on how to make it happen in three relatively simple steps:1: Add in a column on the front page that highlights recently edited/updated subs so people can see what subs have been worked on recently. 2: Add in a "Sub updated" button to allow authors to flag their own subs, indicating they've been updated. (similar to nominating a HOH sub but it only works on your own subs and restrict users to 1 per day +1 every 3-4 levels to keep it manageable) This way the author can flag their sub at the end of the update process when they're ready for the re-vote/attention and it won't be auto flagged by minor grammar fixes, sentence additions, etc..3: Give bonus (1.5x?) Xp for commenting/voting on the new sub to encourage people to give it another look and potential re-vote beyond "hey this has been updated!"
Nothing is ever wasted when you love the craft.
I'll read this thread more therapy when I get home, but what if, every one or two levels gained in the citadel, authors gain a 'rebirth' point or something of the like, and they are able to spend that rebirth point on one of their subs. Rebirthing a sub removes all votes on the sub but retains the comments, and puts the sub in the in work private status again, for the author to rework it. Once the author is happy with ot they may re-release it and it will be posted on the main page as though it were a new sub, but with a phoenix symbol instead of the usual image for the type of sub it is (to denote that it is reborn). All the comments previously on it will still be viewable but they will be separated and people may re vote on it. The idea of the points being given on a level up is so that they still have to work a little bit for it, and so people just can't rebirth every sub they have over and over. Additionally, if someone wants extra rebirth points they may complete forum quests, the reward of which is some xp and a rebirth token.
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FINAL UPDATE 02/06 - 23:47 AMÂ UTC : After screening all our Myanmar and India sources we could not find any damage other than earlier described in this post.
The final positive outcome of this earthquake originates in the depth of the hypocenter together with the sparsely populated area surrounding the epicenter.
We are also satisfied that the theoretical models we have consulted immediately after the earthquake stating that this earthquake would NOT claim victims, have been proven to be true.
UPDATE 02/05 - 09:47 AMÂ UTC : The earthquake was also felt as a few shocks in Nepal .
UPDATE 02/05 - 09:14 AM UTC : No news in the Myanmar media about this earthquake. Here are some more testimonies of people who did experience the earthquake in India.
"it was really terrifying, we (five of us) beg for our lifeto the god from the 3rd floor of the building we were staying at that moment.."
"the longest one i ever experienced in my life of 23 yrs"
"We felt small tremor here in Mymensingh, Bangladesh at around that time..."
UPDATE 02/05 - 12:37 AMÂ UTC : LIVE SEISMOGRAM (nearest Seismograph station " Thailand)
UPDATE 11:49 PMÂ UTC : According to the Manipur, Imphal Free Press, the power outages were the result of a number of electrical poles who colapsed by the shaking.
UPDATE 11:40 PMÂ UTC : Sources in Bangladesh report that the earthquake caused shaking in Rangpur, Dinajpur, Kurigram, Lalmonirhat, Thakurgaon, Panchagarh, Gaibandha, Nilphamari, Joypurhat, Naogaon, Bogra. People in the northern part of the country came out from their houses.
The earthquake also hit different districts of the country including Chittagong, Khagrachhari and Bandarban.
UPDATE 11:10 PMÂ UTC : Unconfirmed All India Radio reports from Guwahati, Assam are mentioning cracks in higher buildings.
UPDATE 19:17 UTC : We will continue to follow up eventual damage reports from this earthquake, but as reported earlier, it will take at least another 8 to 10 hours (daylight) before we will be able to tell that this earthquake will be without damage.
As everywhere else in the world, remote villages are almost never mentioned in the aftermath of earthquakes.
UPDATE 17:52 UTC : The most dangerous area for this earthquake is located in the Chindwin river flat area.
The yellow zone on the shaking map reveals a potential strong shaking mainly in Myanmar and partly in the mountainous Indian border zone. We have NO reports yet from both areas.
UPDATE 17:47 UTC : Still NO reports from the direct epicenter area. Reports from the major cities in the greater area are stating : NO damage and NO injuries.
UPDATE 17:16 UTC : Power has been cut for 30 to 40 minutes in North-East India. So far no reports of damage have been received in Imphal, the capital of Manipur.
UPDATE 17:11 UTC : Indian officials say this was the biggest quake (in Magnitude) in the past ten years.
UPDATE 17:07 UTC : Myanmar's Department of Hydrology and Meteorology Department has reported totally different depth numbers than India, stating that the hypocenter depth was located at a depth of 90 km (this depth is in line with the data of USGS and EMSC).
UPDATE 17:04 UTC : A damaging transform fault zone lies to the west of the epicenter. See the green line on the map behind this link.
UPDATE 16:58 UTC : The greater area from today's earthquake has a VERY HIGH risk for massive devastating earthquakes.
UPDATE 16:50 UTC : Indian sources are reporting that the earthquake was felt in Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur and parts of Mizoram, West Bengal and Nagaland.
UPDATE 16:47 UTC : Indian press is stating (based on their Central Seismological Observatory) that the depth of the earthquake would be 30 km.
If this would be confirmed later on, the brings a totally new view on this moderate earthquake. A shallow depth of 30 km would create a far bigger risk for the immediate epicenter area than previously described !
It will be anxiously waiting until most seismological services agree on the depth of the hypocenter.
UPDATE 16:42 UTC : Myanmar press hasn't even mentioned this very strong earthquake with epicenter in Myanmar !
UPDATE 16:11 UTC : Rabi Roy Laifangbam From Manipur, India reports in our Facebook page :
The Tremor lasted for more than 20 seconds....everyone was on road !!! I stood under a huge pillar beam. Thank God it didn't last longer....would have been a disastrous situation.
ER.com : The longer the shaking is going on, the more chance on damage !
UPDATE 16:05 UTC : The earthquake epicenter is located below the Chindwin river bed. Gold has been found in this area of the country.
UPDATE 16:01 UTC : Homalin is the closest town to the epicenter area. Homalin is located in Myanmar (Burma) and counts approx. 1,700 inhabitants.
UPDATE 15:57 UTC : The earthquake has been felt very well in at least 3 countries : Myanmar (Burma), India and Bangladesh
UPDATE 15:53 UTC : No news from the local Manipur press so far. The greatest risk for this kind of earthquakes will be the rural areas with primitive housing. As the earthquake occurred after dark, it will take many hours before a good overview of the situation can be obtained.
UPDATE 15:36 UTC : The earthquake was felt up to hundreds of kilometers distance from the epicenter (normal for deep earthquakes with this magnitude).
Imphal, Manipur has reported a V MMI shaking (moderate shaking).
Among other cities who did reported feeling the earthquake as a light shaking : Myanmar (Burma) : Mandalay; India : Chattagam (Chittagong), Aizawl, Dimapur, Guwahati, Shillong, etc
UPDATE 15:26 UTC : Following local reports, the shaking lasted for approx. 10 seconds.
UPDATE 15:26 UTC : On August 30 2009, an earthquake measuring Mw 5.2 occurred in the same area at the similar depth of 82 km. This earthquake caused some slight damage in
India. Today's earthquake was much more powerful.
UPDATE 15:16 UTC : LIVE SEISMOGRAM (nearest Seismograph station - Thailand)
UPDATE 15:11 UTC : We do request our readers whom may have felt this earthquake to fill in the I Felt It Form in our sister site www.quake-maps.com. Click here to go directly to the map of this earthquake.
UPDATE 15:08 UTC : The maximum slope in the area of the earthquake is 44.708% and the maximum altitude is 2884 m. Since this is a medium slope, the risk of earthquake induced landslides is medium.
UPDATE 15:02 UTC : The epicenter is not of a great importance in deep earthquakes like this, as the earth shaking is more spread over a vaster area. It will have been very well felt in all neighboring villages and towns.
UPDATE 14:59 UTC : Check out the 3-dimensional map of the earthquake area.
The epicenter is (providing the location is correct) under a river valley.
UPDATE 14:48 UTC : Following the theoretical models from USGS approx. 221,000 people will experience a VI MMI shaking = strong shaking.
3,431,000 people will endure a V MMI shaking = moderate shaking.
In case of a VI MMI shaking which last londer than 20 seconds, primitive adobe build houses are at risk.
UPDATE 14:35 UTC : The theoretical damage models we have been consulting are resulting in NO casualties, mainly because of the depth of the hypocenter. Let us hope we are right !
The earthquake occurred after dark in the Myanmar / India border area.
Although the depth of the hypocenter weakens the impact of the earthquake, earthquake-report.com still calls this earthquake as very dangerous. GDACS published a RED earthquake alert for this earthquake = very HIGH chance on DAMAGE and/or INJURIES
Closest village to the epicenter Myene, Myanmar
85 km (50 miles) ESE of Imphal, Manipur, India
Some casualties are possible and the impact should be relatively localized. Past events with this alert level have required a local or regional level response.
Most important Earthquake Data:
Magnitude : 6.4
UTC time :Â Friday, February 04, 2011 at 13:53:47 UTC
Local time at epicenter :Â Friday, February 04, 2011 at 08:23:47 PM at epicenter
Depth (Hypocenter) : 88.8 km
Quake-maps.com satellite map + I Did Feel It form
Geo-location(s) :
Closest village to the epicenter Myene, Myanmar
85 km (50 miles) ESE of Imphal, Manipur, India
Links to important maps
USGS Did You Feel It Map
Quake-maps.com satellite map + I Did Feel It form
Google satellite map of the area showing the kind of terrain the earthquake took place
USGS Shaking map
USGS historic earthquakes map
USGS impact on population map
USGS Seismic hazard map
LIVE SEISMOGRAM (nearest Seismograph station - Thailand)
GDACS RED Earthquake Alert (Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System)
QuakeSOS+ is an iPhone application developed by Armand Vervaeck, the creator and main contributor to Earthquake Report. The Application simplifies immediate group communication to friends and family members (with your exact GPS location) and is constantly feeding the users with œEarthquake Report news. Together with your own family and friends, QuakeSOS+ will be your closest earthquake friend. Buying QuakeSOS+ will support the activities of SOS Earthquakes.
Quake-Maps.com was also created by SOS Earthquakes. Quake-Maps.com makes it easy to let the world know which shaking people have experienced during the earthquake. Quake-Maps.com gives also the opportunity to write some additional text. Filling up the form takes only 1 minute. Quake-Maps.com gives an overview of all the resent earthquakes and let you even go back in time and retrieve earthquakes of a certain date in the past.
Earthquake-Report.com headlines on twitter
@OnlyQuakeNews : Get all the headlines of our earthquake-report.com articles + regular updates on ongoing events
@QuakeSOS : earthquake-report.com news + automatic earthquake notifications of USGS earthquakes of M 4.0 or higher with emphasis to earthquakes in the America's and the Pacific Ocean sphere (4 and up) and a lot of the rest of the world (5 and up). This account was created for our QuakeSOS and QuakeSOS+ iPhone applications
@ShakingEarth : earthquake-report.com news + automatic earthquake notifications of EMSC earthquakes of M 4.0 or higher with emphasis to earthquakes in European and Asian / Middle East sphere (4 and up) and a lot of the rest of the world (5 and up). This account was originally created to stimulate our Facebook account
@QuakeMaps : earthquake-report.com news with mapping notifications of ALL earthquakes M 3.0 and higher from all over the world via EMSC and USGS. This account was created for our http://www.quake-maps.com website


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