text:
Abuse isn't just about bruises. Not all forms of abuse leave bruises where we can see them,Domestic Violence Speech in 2018 . Although physical abuse is terrifying and needs to be addressed immediately there are other forms of abuse that can cause significant damage. One type of abuse that is very difficult for outsiders to detect is financial abuse. Marriage should be a partnership but when one spouse completely dominates the finances to the point that the other spouse has no control and no options financial abuse may be occurring.
What Are Signs of Potential Financial Abuse?
Every married couple handles their finances differently. In some cases one spouse handles the majority of the finances. They manage the accounts, pay the bills and deal with creditors. That does not by itself equal financial abuse.
Financial abuse occurs when one spouse is treated like an irresponsible child and Domestic Violence Essay Conclusion . They are cut off from funds and their knowledge about the couple's finances is severely limited. Some signs of financial abuse include:
•Strict Allowances. This isn't an amount that the spouses have agreed to limit themselves to but is instead a set amount that is grudgingly handed out from one spouse to the other and is all that will be given.
Documents, documents, documents. Written evidence is incredibly strong and can range from credit card bills showing that there is a credit card but that you aren't named on it to emails from your spouse that show the financial abuse.
Other witnesses can be incredibly powerful on your behalf. Financial abuse is hard for people outside the relationship to detect. So when someone credible comes in and tells the judge that it is happening and they can see it the judge will listen and How To Report Domestic Violence .
Domestic Violence Speech in 2018 ?
No one thinks about ABUSE until it rears its ugly head... and usually after it has been going on for a while. And no one wants to think it can happen to their parents. After all, they are in a reputable nursing facility where it is well maintained and has a very friendly staff. It does. And the more you know the "warning signs" the faster you will be able to stop it from happening to your loved ones. Allow me to share a story with you of one such incident that will hopefully make you more aware of what to look out for and how to avoid it.
Emma's story is not unlike that of many seniors who fall prey to abuse from care givers and facilities. I wanted to share her story, and that of her children, to give you a better understanding of how something like this can happen... innocently and without others being aware. Her story, as with many others, started out very subtle. Emma had the onset of Alzheimer's... a slow moving yet very tragic and disabling disease. I want to share some details about her condition since it is something I see quite often with older couples and their families. Hopefully this will help increase your awareness of how easily abuse can happen to a loved one.
Susan and Bill are in their mid-60s. The other day they expressed some very serious concerns about Bill's mother. A couple of years ago they told me they suspected Bill's 87-year old mother, Emma, was starting to suffer from Alzheimer's disease. We had a long discussion about Alzheimer's and how it is an irreversible, progressive mental deterioration that can occur in middle or old age. Fortunately, Bill's mother did not start showing signs of Alzheimer's until her mid to late 80s.
Susan had been doing some research on the Internet and learned it is the most common form of dementia. Those of us who have had to watch a friend or family member suffer through Alzheimer's know it targets and destroys memory and thinking skills. The causes and symptoms vary from one person to the next, as does the progression of the disease. Being educated about the disease and the various care options is the key to helping a loved one with Alzheimer's disease.
When Emma first started to exhibit the onset of Alzheimer's, she exhibited mild symptoms which included increasing forgetfulness and mild confusion. From all their research, Susan and Bill knew that in the late stages a person with Alzheimer's is unable to carry out even the simplest tasks.
They decided to take Bill's Mom to a geriatric specialist for an examination. Following her exam, Dr. Hawkins explained that Alzheimer's disease is complicated and getting to a diagnosis is a long process. He told Bill it was wise for him to bring Emma in for an exam because it is important to understand that there will be many steps and visits with doctors to determine whether or not Emma had Alzheimer's.
As Emma's disease progressed, her symptoms worsened. The medication was unable to significantly slow down the damage that Alzheimer's disease was causing to Emma's brain cells. Initially the medicine did stabilize Emma's condition, but only for a short time.
The doctors also treated Emma's behavioral symptoms with medication, along with some other methods to address her symptoms. Dr. Hawkins told Susan and Bill that they needed to watch for triggers. By knowing these triggers, they could employ a variety of coping strategies. Some of these included avoiding confrontation and making sure Emma got adequate rest. They needed to monitor her comfort and maintain a calm environment. Susan asked about herbal remedies, dietary supplements, and "medical" foods as possible treatments to enhance Emma's memory. Dr. Hawkins said there was no conclusive evidence that these things work.
But, as the disease progressed, Emma's memory loss increased, especially her recent memories. Emma, like many with Alzheimer's disease, experienced severe changes in behavior. She started to do things out of character. She became aggressive, agitated, and irritable. She became depressed and had wild mood swings. She also had difficulty sleeping, another common symptom. Emma's ability to think and reason became so impaired that even performing familiar tasks became impossible. The deterioration of her brain caused her to change in ways that were difficult and trying for Susan and Bill to watch and to deal with.
The progressive nature of the disease brought Emma to the point that Bill and Susan could not care for her any longer in their home. So, about six months ago, they admitted her to a nursing home specializing in caring for Alzheimer's patients. It had a good reputation and everyone seemed very friendly and helpful.
Shortly after admitting Emma to the facility, Susan and Bill created their Estate Strategy. Bill told us he was concerned about whether he had a genetic predisposition to the disease. His comment led us to a discussion of the contributing factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. There are a variety of factors that put Bill at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Age and genetics are risk factors. Fortunately, Bill had not then experienced any signs of the disease. But as Bill aged, his mother's history of Alzheimer's put him at a greater risk of the onset of the disease.
Being aware of the importance of lifestyle and heart health, Bill pledged to avoid stress and fatty foods. Women, like Bill's mom, are more likely to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's than men. Some causes and risk factors for Alzheimer's disease are impossible to change or control. However, lifestyle and heart health are things Bill promised to control. Happily, Bill said he was sticking to his healthy diet and exercise routine.
You might wonder what all this had to do with Emma? The key is to not only recognize it early in your loved ones but when you do, to get yourself checked out to catch any signs early. As with any disease, the earlier it can be discovered, the better chance you have of beating it or knowing how to deal with it.
But there was another issue that was weighing on their mind... and it involved the nursing facility Emma was living in. Bill and Susan were feeling that something was going on with Emma besides her Alzheimer's. They were seeing some signs that led them to suspect Emma was being abused and neglected in the nursing home facility. They knew Emma well and there were enough signs that showed them something just wasn't right at the facility.
If this was true and she was being abused or neglected, they wanted us to explain their legal remedies since they had signed a year-long contract with the home. I started with a definition of what nursing home abuse would be considered. It is generally defined as any action, or failure to act, that causes unreasonable suffering, misery, or harm to the patient. It can include such things as the assault of a patient or it can also include withholding necessary food, medical attention, or physical care from the patient.
It was wonderful that Bill and Susan had stayed involved in Emma's life while she was in the nursing home. This is absolutely the best way to recognize or prevent abuse from happening or continuing to happen.
Since they were suspicious something was happening, I took the opportunity to explain what I consider to be the five main categories of abuse and how to recognize their warning signs. Since this was so helpful for Bill and Susan, I wanted to share these 5 things with everyone. The more we are all aware of these signs, even if it isn't for one of our loved ones, the more we can prevent abuse from happening. Here's the list of the 5 categories of abuse...
1. NEGLECT - Neglect can be intentional or unintentional on the part of the nursing home facility. Neglect, in its simplest of terms, happens when a patient's needs are not being met. This would include such things as not providing appropriate food, water, medical, and personal care for the patient. This can be an intentional choice on the part of the staff or it can be unintentional due to the lack of adequate staffing in a nursing home facility.
Regardless of how it occurs, it is important to know the warning signs of neglect. A neglected patient may be dehydrated or malnourished. Bed sores and other skin conditions can also be signs of neglect. A decline in personal hygiene can be a sign of personal care being neglected. Weight loss is also a sign consistent with neglect. I asked Bill and Susan to keep an eye out for any of these signs and to see if they currently recognize any of them. If any of these are present, Emma may be the victim of neglect.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE - Psychological abuse in nursing homes is one type that can be very hard to identify because it can be subtle and hard to notice. An early warning sign is when the person feels extreme sadness, fear, and/or anxiety. This type of abuse occurs when there is excessive yelling, humiliation, criticizing, or shaming the patient. It might also involve threatening and intimidating the elderly patient. Often time's psychological abuse is accompanied by other forms of abuse.
Because of Emma's Alzheimer's disease, determining psychological abuse is extremely difficult. Elderly people who experience psychological abuse will often become timid and withdrawn. Depression is a sign of psychological abuse, but it's also experienced by Alzheimer's patients. Some victims of psychological abuse will become more angry, agitated, and aggressive... like Alzheimer's patients. Changes in behavior are common in patients who experience this type of abuse. Due to depression, there may be sudden weight loss and loss of appetite. These patients may even refuse to eat or take medications. Bill and Susan are aware of these warning signs and pledged to be on guard for changes in Emma's behavior.
3. PHYSICAL ABUSE - Physical abuse in nursing homes is abuse that involves physical harm to the elderly resident. It involves intentionally inflicting physical harm, such as hitting, kicking, or pinching. Physical abuse can also come from the overuse of restraints, bed injuries, or from physical neglect.
While physical abuse seems to be easier to identify, that is not always the case. Some signs of physical abuse are hidden by clothing or false stories of falls or stumbles. Bruises and abrasions, as well as falls, fractures, or head injuries, can be signs of physical abuse. Injuries requiring emergency treatment or resulting in broken bones should be red flags to the family. Often times the staff who is in charge of an abused resident will refuse to leave when the family is present. This may be a warning sign that something negative is going on with the resident. We advised Bill and Susan to be present and observant when visiting Emma to help ensure her proper treatment and care. It would also be a good idea to get her isolated from her care givers if even for a short period of time so she could be more open to sharing her feelings and insights into her care.
4. SEXUAL ABUSE - Sexual abuse is another form of abuse that takes place in nursing homes. This type of abuse involves any unwanted sexual attention or sexual exploitation. This can happen with any patient and is especially hard to detect in patients who are cognitively impaired or have memory loss, like Emma.
While sexual abuse can be hard to identify, there are some warning signs. Pelvic injury or bruising in the genital and inner thigh area can be warning signs of elder sexual abuse. Newly contracted STDs is a major red flag. Sexual abuse may cause the elderly person to have unexplained difficulty standing or walking. There may also be changes in behavior or mood, including unusual sexual behavior.
5. FINANCIAL ABUSE - This type of abuse takes place when the caregiver takes advantage of access to the elderly person's financial matters and steals or compromises the victim's finances. This can be stealing from the person, or their accounts, applying for credit, or incorrectly billing for services paid by Medicare or Medicaid.
Although Emma had limited access to money, we told Bill and Susan to watch for these top 3 warning signs of financial abuse: 1) A caregiver demanding money or taking money or possessions as gifts from her; 2) Unknown charges to credit cards or sudden mismanagement of personal finances; 3) Forcing Emma to sign financial documents or forging her name on documents.
If any of these types of abuse are suspected, it is important to ask questions of the facility and to investigate. Despite the year-long contract, Bill can remove Emma from the facility because abuse and neglect would be a breach of the contract.
Unfortunately, many of elder abuse crimes go unreported. Now Bill and Susan feel much more empowered now that they know what to watch for and what to do to take the appropriate legal action to protect Emma and others who are victims of abuse. The more you know and the more we all share our insights and stories, the higher likelihood we can eliminate the abuse of our senior loved ones in a nursing facility. Let's all work together and look for the warning signs for our loved ones and others.
Domestic Violence & the Workplace - Protecting All Your Employees
It can be difficult to describe what abuse is and this is because the word 'Abuse' can mean different things to different people. For one person it might relate to emotional pain, for another it might involve physical pain. With there being different degrees of pain and hurt within these two forms of violence.
As a general guideline: this could be behaviour that occurs here and there, without it happening often enough to cause too many problems. Or it could be experienced to such an extreme that one's life becomes unbearable.
In this analysis I am going to be looking at what I currently believe causes abusive behaviour and the type of individual that commits abusive behaviour on a regular basis.
The Dictionary.com Definition
Here, it is described as the following:
• To use wrongly or improperly; misuse: to abuse one's authority.
• To treat in a harmful, injurious, or offensive way: to abuse a horse.
• To abuse one's eyesight; to speak insultingly, harshly, and unjustly to or about; revile; malign.
• To commit sexual assault upon: Obsolete - to deceive or mislead.
My Definition
What comes to mind when I think of abusive, is compromise. When one is abused they are not being respected or treated in a humane way, they are being treated as objects. The abused person's feelings do not register to the abuser and if they are recognised, it is not enough to end the behaviour.
Empathy And Compassion
If one can't feel their own feelings, it is then a lot easier to do destructive things to another. The question is: why wouldn't the abuser have the ability to empathise or to be compassionate with another person?
It is said that the ability to empathise and to be compassionate is developed through caregivers that display the same behaviours to their children. This is also known as healthy mirroring and validation. What also happens through this process is that the child feels noticed and acknowledged, which are of paramount importance for the development of a healthy sense of self.
It could be said that because of their past, the person that displays abusive behaviour is abusing themselves just as much, if not more than they are abusing others. This is because the original abuser has been internalised. And even if the original abuser is not longer alive or around; they still have the potential to exist in the mind of the abuser or abused.
Here the voice exists like a parasite in the mind, merging with the mind and this makes it hard to notice and eliminate.
This shows that it is typically a two way relationship. With people who have been abused being more likely to be attracted to an abuser. If one has been abused in their younger years and it has not been looked at processed, the mind will then continue to associate this as what familiar and safe.
It will also mean that the abused will put up with this behaviour later in life. If this is what they have experienced as a child, one will then think that it is normal and all they deserve.
If one was abused by their own caregivers, it is only normal for them to assume that this is how people are that that the world is therefore unsafe and dangerous. And also that people can't be trusted.
To experience abuse can be extremely traumatising; with the consequences of abuse having the potential to last a life time. Time is said to be one of the greatest healers. Being around supportive people that one can feel safe around and who can listen without judgement is equally important.
This could be in the form of friends, family or a therapist. Here they will listen and acknowledge what is being said without judgement or blame. This is a process that cannot be rushed, and will happen in its own time and when one is ready to face what has happened. There is not a right or wrong time, only the time when one feels ready to undertake such an important step.


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Product Description
Downloadable Solution Manual for Calculus 7/E by Stewart [Comprehensive Textbook Problems Solutions -All Chapters]
You Will buy Comprehensive Instructor Solution Manual for Calculus 7th Edition James Stewart ISBN-10: 0538497815 ISBN-13: 9780538497817 [Complete Step by Step All Chapters Textbook Problems Solutions Manual]
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Solution manual contains answers to problems which are mentioned at the end of each chapter. You will receive Comprehensive step by step solutions to the problems for each chapter all problems.To the contrary it is a detailed Instructor's Solution to all problems in your textbook.PLEASE NOTE:
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subset: commoncrawl


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This is part three of a four-part series. Subsequent installments will be released every Tuesday leading up to the Advanced Class Guide's release. Other installments: Part 1 | Part 2. Also, check out our interview with Paizo's Lead Designer Jason Bulmahn.
We did a five-man-free-for-all, player vs. player match sans the Bloodrager because Griffin was unable to attend. It was a strategic match with each player doing their best to highlight their class's abilities.
Thanks to her animal companion and the Coordinated Charge teamwork feat, Nate's Hunter got off to a hot start. He soon ran into trouble in the form of Philip's Swashbuckler, however. Luckily for him, I was able to poison the Swashbuckler utilizing my Investigator's lasting poison Rogue Talent. Not long after, Tyler's Brawler joined the fray, leaving Jonathan's Warpriest time to heal himself in the aftermath of the onslaught from the Hunter and her animal companion.
By the time we realized that giving the Warpriest a chance to recover was a bad idea, it was too late…
These classes are taken from the revised playtest of Pathfinder's upcoming Advanced Class Guide set to release Aug. 14. Bear in mind that the Skald was reviewed at a later date, separate from the others. In this last look at the new classes we review the heroic Skald, the daring Swashbuckler and the powerful Warpriest.


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Nutrition Facts
Ingredients and Preparation
- Heat oil in large saucepan. Sauté garlic, carrots, celery, onion, and green pepper in oil for 3 minutes.
- Add remaining ingredients, except parsley and fish. Cover and simmer for 10–15 minutes or until vegetables are fork tender.
- Add fish and parsley. Simmer covered for 5–10 minutes more or until fish flakes easily and is opaque. Serve hot.


text:
Test Park Playing Fields (Not Postal Address) (Very West End of) Lower Brownhill Road via Traffic Lights on Brownhill Way (No access via Redbridge Lane - Road now closed) Southampton Hampshire SO16 9BP View with Google Maps
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Pitch Hero Ltd Registered in ENGLAND | WF3 1DR | Company Number - 636 1033


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Difference between revisions of "Openbox"
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See the [[Default applications]] article.
See the [[Default applications]] article.
=== Terminal content copy and paste ===
=== Terminal content copy and paste ===
Revision as of 23:46, 12 June 2014
Openbox is a lightweight, powerful, and highly configurable stacking window manager with extensive standards support. It may be built upon and run independently as the basis of a unique desktop environment, or within other integrated desktop environments such as KDE and Xfce, as an alternative to the window managers they provide. The LXDE desktop environment is itself built around Openbox.
A comprehensive list of features are documented at the official Openbox website. This article pertains to specifically installing Openbox under Arch Linux.
- 1 Installation
- 2 Openbox Sessions
- 3 System configuration
- 4 Configuration
- 5 Openbox reconfiguration
- 6 Keybinds
- 7 Menus
- 8 GTK+ desktop theming
- 9 Compositing effects
- 10 Mouse cursor and application icon themes
- 11 Desktop icons and wallpapers
- 12 File managers
- 13 oblogout
- 14 Openbox for multihead users
- 15 Tips and tricks
- 15.1 Packages for beginners
- 15.2 Switch desktops using the mouse
- 15.3 Set default applications / file associations
- 15.4 Stop continous mouse wheel desktop switching
- 15.5 Terminal content copy and paste
- 15.6 Ad-hoc window transparency
- 15.7 Using obxprop for faster configuration
- 15.8 Xprop values for applications
- 15.9 Switching between keyboard layouts
- 16 Troubleshooting
- 17 See also
Install openbox, available in the official repositories.
Openbox Sessions
Again, Openbox may be run independently as a standalone window manager, or within other integrated desktop environments such as KDE and XFCE as an alternative to the window managers they provide.
Many popular display managers such as LXDM, SLiM, and LightDM will automatically detect Openbox, allowing for it to be run as a standalone session.
However, it may be necessary to manually specify the command to start an openbox session where intending to set it as a default session for SLiM, or where not using a display manager at all (e.g. logging in at the command line, followed by the command
startx). In either instance, it will be necessary to modify the Xinitrc file in order to add the following command:
exec openbox-session
Within other desktop environments
When replacing the native window manager of a desktop environment with Openbox, any desktop compositing effects - such a transparency - provided by that native window manager will be lost. This is because Openbox itself does not provide any compositing functionality. However, it is easily possible to use a separate compositing program to re-enable compositing.
Openbox does not seem to work with GNOME 3. The
Gnome-Shell touch-style interface requires both its native window manager and its native gtk-window-decorator packages to function. Furthermore, attempting to run Openbox within the
Classic-Gnome-Shell interface results in the loss of the
gnome-panel. Ceasing Openbox and attempting to restore the native window manager will result in crashing the desktop. Gnome 3 is tightly integrated, and is therefore deliberately designed not to be modular in nature (i.e. allowing components to be changed).
See the using Openbox in KDE section of the main KDE article.
See the replacing the native window manager section of the main Xfce article.
System configuration
Those installing Openbox - particularly as a stand-alone Window Manager - will have noticed that several elements may fail to work properly, or even work at all. Examples of the common problems encountered are:
- File Managers: Other partitions are not displayed or accessible. The trash function - where provided - does not work
- Authentication: Passwords are not stored / remembered during sessions
- Secure Shell (SSH): SSH agent will not start
- Wireless Connection: Instant failure when attempting to connect to wifi (related to authentication)
- Themes: Application windows are mismatched or haphazard-looking
- Folders: Expected folders such as
Downloadsand so forth are missing from the
- System Tray: Installed packages fail to autostart or can be seen running twice
Most of these problems are actually the result of Dbus and GTK issues, both of which can be fixed simultaneously by editing the ~/.xprofile file - or if using SLiM as a display manager instead - by editing the ~/.xinitrc file. It will also be necessary to install some key packages to ensure full functionality.
File manager, authentication, SSH agent, and WiFi-connection problems will likely be due to that D-Bus is not functioning correctly. Most display managers such as GDM, KDM, LightDM and LXDM will handle this for you.
When using xinit or certain other DMs (such as XDM and SLiM), make sure
~/.xinitrc is based on
/etc/skel/.xinitrc (so that it sources
/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/, see xinitrc for more information).
Problems with the theme and look will likely be due to the absence of the appropriate command to ensure that a uniform look must be applied to applications that use GTK 2. Again, edit
~/.xinitrc and/or
~/.xprofile with the following command:
export GTK2_RC_FILES="$HOME/.gtkrc-2.0"
~/.gtkrc-2.0 file will be automatically generated where using lxappearance to set themes.
It will also be necessary to install libgnomeui to ensure that Qt is also able to find GTK themes.
See GTK+#GTK+ 2.x for an introduction to manually editing
In addition to sourcing the local
~/.config/openbox/autostart file to autostart applications, Openbox will also source
.desktop files automatically installed by some packages in the global
/etc/xdg/autostart directory. The package responsible for allowing Openbox to additionally source the
/etc/xdg/autostart directory is python2-xdg.
For example, where initially autostarting a package such as the Network Manager applet (nm-applet) locally, should python2-xdg be installed at a later time - either explicitly or as a dependency for another package - its global XDG
.desktop file will then also be sourced as a consequence, resulting in seeing two icons running in the system tray. It is therefore recommended to install python2-xdg explicitly, as this will ensure that applications that should automatically autostart when installed will do so.
Home folders
~/Desktop directory, which will house all files and application shortcuts stored on the desktop itself.
Where expected
Home folders such as
Documents, etc., are not present, then please review the Xdg user directories article.
Authentication and passwords
For authentication (e.g. WiFi passwords, etc.), it will be necessary to install the appropriate packages. They are:
- polkit: Application development toolkit for controlling system-wide privileges; see polkit
- lxpolkit: Simple policykit authentication agent for LXDE (polkit-gnome currently does not work properly)
- gnome-keyring: store / remember passwords; see GNOME Keyring
Four key files form the basis of the openbox configuration, each serving a unique role. They are:
autostart, and
environment. Although these files are discussed in more detail below, to start configuring Openbox, it will first be necessary to create a local Openbox profile (i.e for your specific user account) based on them. This can be done by copying them from the global
/etc/xdg/openbox profile (applicable to any and all users) as a template:
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox $ cp -R /etc/xdg/openbox/* ~/.config/openbox
<keyboard> section of this file, and underneath the
<!-- Keybindings for running aplications --> heading.
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml is the main configuration file, responsible for determining the behaviour and settings of the overall session, including:
- Keyboard shortcuts (e.g. starting applications; controlling the volume)
- Theming
- Desktop and Virtual desktop settings, and
- Application Window settings
This file is also pre-configured, meaning that it will only be necessary to amend existing content in order to customise behaviour to suit personal preference.
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml defines the type and behaviour of the desktop menu, accessable by right-clicking the background. Although the default provided is a static menu (meaning that it will not automatically update when new applications are installed), it is possible to employ the use of dynamic menus that will automatically update as well.
The available options are discussed extensively below in the Menus section.
.desktop files installed in the
/etc/xdg/autostart/ or
~/.config/autostart/ directories.
~/.config/openbox/autostart determines which applications are to be launched upon beginning the Openbox session. These may include:
- Panels and/or docks
- Compositors
- Background providers
- Screensavers
- Applications to autoload or autostart (e.g. Conky)
- Daemon processes (e.g. File Managers for automounting and other functions)
- Other appropriate commands (e.g. disable DPMS)
Listing commands
There are two very important points to note when adding commands to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
- Each and every command must be terminated with an ampersand (
&). Where a command does not end with an ampersand, then no further commands listed below it will be executed.
- It is strongly recommended to add delays to the execution of some or all commands in the autostart file, even if only by a single second. The consequence of not doing so is that all commands will be executed simultaneously, potentially resulting in the mis- or non-starting of items. The syntax of the command to delay the execution of commands (in seconds) is:
(sleep <number of seconds>s && <command>) &
For example, to delay the execution of Conky by 3 seconds, the command would be (and note the termination of it with an ampersand):
(sleep 3s && conky) &
Here is a more complete example of a possible
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
## Autostart File ## ##Disable DPMS xset -dpms; xset s off & ##Compositor compton -CGb & ##Background (sleep 1s && nitrogen --restore) & ##tint2 panel (sleep 1s && tint2) & ##Sound Icon (sleep 1s && volumeicon) & ##Screensaver (sleep 1s && xscreensaver -no-splash) & ##Conky (sleep 3s && conky) & ##Disable touchpad /usr/bin/synclient TouchpadOff=1 &
~/.config/openbox/environment can be used to export and set relevant environmental variables such as to:
- Define new pathways (e.g. execute commands that would otherwise require the entire pathway to be listed with them)
- Change language settings, and
- Define other variables to be used (e.g. the fix for GTK theming could be listed here)
Optional GUI configuration packages
Several GUIs are available to quickly and easily configure your Openbox desktop. From the official repositories these include:
- obconf: Basic Openbox configuration manager
- lxappearance-obconf: LXDE configuration manager (provides additional options)
- lxinput: LXDE keyboard and mouse configuration
- lxrandr: LXDE monitor configuration
Others, such as obkeyAUR (configure keyboard shortcuts via the
rc.xml file) and ob-autostartAUR (configure the Openbox
autostart file) are available from the AUR. Programs and applications relating to the configuration of Openbox's desktop menu are discussed in the Menus section.
Openbox reconfiguration
Openbox will not always automatically reflect any changes made to its configuration files within a session. As a consequence, it will be necessary to manually reload those files after they have been edited. To do so, enter the following command:
$ openbox --reconfigure
Where intending to add this command as a keybinnd to
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml, it will only be necessary to list the command as
reconfigure. An example has been provided below, using the
F11 keybind:
<keybind key="W-F11"> <action name="Reconfigure"/> </keybind>
All keybinds must be added to the
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file, and below the
<!-- Keybindings for running aplications --> heading. Although a brief overview has been provided here, a more in-depth explanation of keybindings can be found at openbox.org. There is a utility 'obkey' in AUR for adjust key-binding. Before use obkey, you should use obconf to create
Special keys
While the use of standard alpha-numeric keys for keybindings is self-explanatory, special names are assigned to other types of keys, such as
multimedia keys and
navigation keys.
Modifer keys play an important role in keybindings (e.g. holding down the
shift or
CTRL / control key in combination with another key to undertake an action). Using modifers helps to prevent conflicting keybinds, whereby two or more actions are linked to the same key or combination of keys. The syntax to use a modifer with another key is:
The modifer codes are as follows:
S: Shift
C: Control / CTRL
A: Alt
W: Super / Windows
M: Meta
H: Hyper (If it is bound to something)
For example, the code below would use
super and
t to launch lxterminal
<keybind key="W-t"> <action name="Execute"> <command>lxterminal</command> </action> </keybind>
Multimedia keys
Where available, it is possible to set the appropriate
multimedia keys to perform their intended functions, such as to control the volume and/or the screen brightness. These will usually be integrated into the
function keys, and are identified by their appropriate symbols. See the Multimedia Keys article for further information.
The volume and brightness multimedia codes are as follows (note that commands will still have to be assigned to them to actually function):
XF86AudioRaiseVolume: Increase volume
XF86AudioLowerVolume: Decrease volume
XF86AudioMute: Mute / unmute volume
XF86MonBrightnessUp: Increase screen brightess
XF86MonBrightnessDown: Decrease screen brightness
Examples of how these may be used in
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml have been provided below.
These are the directional / arrow keys, usually used to move the cursor up, down, left, or right. The (self-explanatory) navigation codes are as follows:
Up: Up
Down: Down
Left: Left
Right: Right
Volume Control
What commands should be used for controlling the volume will depend on whether ALSA, PulseAudio, or OSS is used for sound.
If ALSA is used for sound, the
amixer program can be used to adjust the volume, which is part of the alsa-utils package. The following example - using the
multimedia keys intended to control the volume - will adjust the volume by +/- 5% (which may be changed, as desired):
<keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer set Master 5%+ unmute</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer set Master 5%- unmute</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioMute"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer set Master toggle</command> </action> </keybind>
Where using PulseAudio with ALSA as a backend, the
amixer program commands will have to be modifed, as illustrated below in comparison to the ALSA example:
<keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer -D pulse set Master 5%+ unmute</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer -D pulse set Master 5%- unmute</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioMute"> <action name="Execute"> <command>amixer -D pulse set Master toggle</command> </action> </keybind>
Where using OSS, it is possible to create keybindings to raise or lower specific mixers. This allows, for example, the volume of a specific application (such as an audio player) to be changed without changing the overall system volume settings in turn. In this instance, the application must first have been configured to use its own mixer.
In the following example, MPD has been configured to use its own mixer - also named
mpd - to increase and decrease the volume by a single decibel at a time. The
-- that appears after the
ossmix command has been added to prevent a negative value from being treated as an argument:
<keybind key="[chosen keybind]"> <action name="Execute"> <command>ossmix -- mpd +1</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="[chosen keybind]"> <action name="Execute"> <command>ossmix -- mpd -1</command> </action> </keybind>
Media player control
The playerctlAUR command-line utility can be used to bind multimedia keys to player actions. It should work with most media players.
<keybind key="XF86AudioPlay"> <action name="Execute"> <command>playerctl play</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioPause"> <action name="Execute"> <command>playerctl pause</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioNext"> <action name="Execute"> <command>playerctl next</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioPrev"> <action name="Execute"> <command>playerctl previous</command> </action> </keybind>
Brightness control
xbacklight program is used to control screen brightness, which is part of the Xorg X-Window system. In the example below, the
multimedia keys intended to control the screen brightness will adjust the settings by +/- 10%:
<keybind key="XF86MonBrightnessUp"> <action name="Execute"> <command>xbacklight +10</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86MonBrightnessDown"> <action name="Execute"> <command>xbacklight -10</command> </action> </keybind>
Window snapping
Many desktop environments and window managers support window snapping (e.g. Windows 7 Aero snap), whereby they will automatically snap into place when moved to the edge of the screen. This effect can also be simulated in Openbox through the use of keybinds on focused windows.
As illustrated in the example below, percentages must be used to determine window sizes (see openbox.org for further information). In this instance, The
super key is used in conjunction with the
navigation keys:
<keybind key="W-Left"> <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/> <action name="MaximizeVert"/> <action name="MoveResizeTo"> <width>50%</width> </action> <action name="MoveToEdge"><direction>west</direction></action> </keybind> <keybind key="W-Right"> <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/> <action name="MaximizeVert"/> <action name="MoveResizeTo"> <width>50%</width> </action> <action name="MoveToEdge"><direction>east</direction></action> </keybind>
However, it should be noted that once a window has been 'snapped' to an edge, it will remain vertically maximised unless subsequently maximised and then restored. The solution is to implement additional keybinds - in this instance using the
down and
up keys - to do so. This will also make pulling 'snapped' windows from screen edges faster as well:
<keybind key="W-Down"> <action name="Unmaximize"/> </keybind> <keybind key="W-Up"> <action name="Maximize"/> </keybind>
This Ubuntu forum thread provides more information. Applications such as opensnap-gitAUR are also available from the AUR to automatically simulate window snapping behaviour without the use of keybinds.
It is also possible to create a keybind to access the desktop menu. For example, the following code will bring up the menu by pressing
<keybind key="C-m"> <action name="ShowMenu"> <menu>root-menu</menu> </action> </keybind>
It is possible to employ three types of menu in Openbox:
pipes (dynamic), and
generators (static or dynamic). They may also be used alone or in any combination.
As the name would suggest, this default type of menu does not change in any way, and may be manually edited and/or (re)generated automatically through the use on an appropriate software package.
Fast and efficient, while this type of menu can be used to select applications, it can also be useful to access specific functions and/or perform specific tasks (e.g. desktop configuration), leaving the access of applications to another process (e.g. the synapse or xfce4-appfinder applications).
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file will be the sole source of static desktop menu content.
menumaker automatically generates
xml menus for several window managers, including Openbox, Fluxbox, IceWM and XFCE. It will search for all installed executable programs and consequently create a menu file for them. It is also possible to configure MenuMaker to exclude certain application types (e.g. relating to Gnome or KDE), if desired.
Once installed and executed, it will automatically generate a new
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file. To avoid overwriting an existing file, enter:
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3
Otherwise, to overwrite an existing file, add the
force argument (
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3
Once a new
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file has been generated it may then be manually edited, or configured using a GUI menu editor, such as obmenu.
obm-xdg - a pipe menu to generate a list of GTK+ and Gnome applications - is also provided with obmenu. However, it has long-running bugs whereby it may produce an invalid output, or even not function at all. Consequently it has been omitted from discussion.
obmenu is a "user-friendly" GUI application to edit
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml, without the need to code in
archlinux-xdg-menu will automatically generate a menu based on
xdg files contained within the
/etc/xdg/ directory for numerous Window Managers, including Openbox. Review the Xdg-menu#OpenBox article for further information.
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file can be edited in order to provide a sub-menu with the same options as provided by oblogout. The sample script below will provide all of these options, with the exception of the ability to lock the screen:
<menu id="exit-menu" label="Exit"> <item label="Log Out"> <action name="Execute"> <command>openbox --exit</command> </action> </item> <item label="Shutdown"> <action name="Execute"> <command>systemctl poweroff</command> </action> </item> <item label="Restart"> <action name="Execute"> <command>systemctl reboot</command> </action> </item> <item label="Suspend"> <action name="Execute"> <command>systemctl suspend</command> </action> </item> <item label="Hibernate"> <action name="Execute"> <command>systemctl hibernate</command> </action> </item> </menu>
Once the entries have been composed, add the following line to present the sub-menu where desired within the main desktop menu (usually as the last entry):
<menu id="exit-menu"/>
This type of menu is in essence a script that provides dynamic, refreshed lists on-the-fly as and when run. These lists may be used for multiple purposes, including to list applications, to provide information, and to provide control functions. Pre-configured pipe menus can be installed, although not from the official repositories. More experienced users can also modify and/or create their own custom scripts. Again,
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml may and commonly will contain several pipe menus.
- openbox-xdgmenuAUR: fast xdg-menu converter to xml-pipe-menu
- obfilebrowserAUR: Application and file browser
- obdevicemenuAUR: Management of removable media with Udisks
- wifi pipe menu: Wireless networking using Netctl
Openbox.org also provides a further list of pipe menus.
This type of menu is akin to those provided by the taskbars of desktop environments such as XFCE or LXDE. Automatically updating on-the-fly, this type of menu can be powerful and very convenient. It may also be possible to add custom categories and menu entries; read the documentation for your intended dynamic menu to determine if and how this can be done.
A menu generator will have to be executed from the
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file.
obmenu-generatorAUR is currently only available from the AUR, although it is still highly recommended. With the ability to be used as a static or dynamic menu, it is highly configurable, powerful, and versatile. Menu categories and individual entries may also be easily hidden, customised, and/or added with ease. The official homepage provides further information and screenshots.
Below is an example of how obmenu-generator would be dynamically executed without icons in
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <openbox_menu> <menu id="root-menu" label="OpenBox 3" execute="/usr/bin/obmenu-generator"> </menu> </openbox_menu>
To automatically iconify entries, the
-i option would be added:
<menu id="root-menu" label="OpenBox 3" execute="/usr/bin/obmenu-generator -i">
openbox-menuAUR uses the LXDE menu-cache to create dynamic menus. The official homepage provides further information and screenshots.
ObmenugenAUR is currently only available from the AUR, and can be used to a generate static or dynamic application menu based on
.desktop files. The official homepage provides further information.
Menu icons
To show icons next to menu entries, it will be necessary to ensure they are enabled in the
<menu> section of the
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file:
Where using a static menu, it will then be necessary to edit the
~/.config/openbox/menu.xml file to provide both the
icon = command, along with the full path and icon name for each entry. An example of the syntax used to provide an icon for a category is:
<menu id="apps-menu" label="[label name]" icon="[pathway to icon]/[icon name]">
xdotool is a package that can issue commands to simulate key presses / keybinds, meaning that it is possible to use it to invoke keybind-related actions without having to actually press their assigned keys. As this includes the ability to invoke an assigned keybind for the Openbox desktop menu, it is therefore possible to use XDoTool to turn the Openbox desktop menu into a panel menu. Especially where the desktop menu is heavily customised and feature-rich, this may prove very useful to:
- Replace an existing panel menu
- Implement a panel menu where otherwise not provided or possible (e.g. for tint2-svnAUR)
- Compensate where losing access to the desktop menu due to the use of an application like xfdesktop to manage the desktop.
Once XDoTool has been installed - if not already present - it will be necessary to create a keybind to access the root menu in
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml, and again below the
<!-- Keybindings for running aplications --> heading. For example, the following code will bring up the menu by pressing
<keybind key="C-m"> <action name="ShowMenu"> <menu>root-menu</menu> </action> </keybind>
Openbox must then be re-configured. In this instance, XDoTool will be used to simulate the
m keypress to access the desktop menu with the following command (note the use of
+ in place of
xdotool key control+m
How this command may be used as a panel launcher / icon is largely dependent on the features of panel used. While some panels will allow the above command to be executed directly in the process of creating a new launcher, others may require the use of an executable script. As an example, a custom executable script called
obpanelmenu.sh will be created in the
~/.config folder:
$ text editor ~/.config/obpanelmenu.sh
Once the empty file has been opened, the appropriate XDoTool command must be added to the empty file (i.e. to simulate the
m keypress for this example):
xdotool key control+m
After the file has been saved and closed, it may then be made into an executable script with the following command:
$ chmod +x ~/.config/obpanelmenu.sh
Executing it will bring up the Openbox desktop menu. Consequently, where using a panel that supports drag-and-drop functionality to add new launchers, simply drag the executable script onto it before changing the icon to suit personal taste. For instructions on how to use this executable script with tint2-svnAUR - a derivative of the popular tint2 panel that allows launchers to be added - see Tint2-Svn launchers.
GTK+ desktop theming
~/.gtkrc-2.0 file (see the GTK fix section).
It is important to note that a substantial range of both Openbox-specific and generalised, Openbox-compatible GTK themes are available to change the look of window decorations and the desktop menu. Generalised themes are designed to be simultaneously compatible with a range of popular desktop environments and/or window managers, commonly including Openbox. For example, gtk-theme-numix-blueAUR supports both Openbox and XFCE.
obconf and/or lxappearance-obconf should be used to select and configure available GTK themes. See Uniform Look for Qt and GTK Applications for information about theming Qt based applications like Virtualbox or Skype.
Installation: official and AUR
A good selection of openbox-themes are available from the official repositories.
Both Openbox-specific and Openbox-compatible themes installed from the official repositories and/or the AUR will be automatically installed to the
/usr/share/themes directory. Both will also be immediately available for selection.
Installation: other sources
box-look.org is an excellent and well-established source of themes. deviantART.com is another excellent resource. Many more can be found through the utilisation of a search engine.
Zip and tar files
Themes downloaded from other sources such as box-look.org will usually be compressed in a
.tar.gz or
.zip format. Although tar will have been installed as part of the base arch installation to extract
.tar.gz files, it will be necessary to install a program such as unzip to extract
.zip files in the terminal. user-friendly GUI archivers are also available; see List of applications#Compression_tools for further information.
Extracted theme files should also be placed in the
/usr/share/themes directory. For example, assuming downloaded content is automatically stored in the
~/Downloads folder, to simultaneously extract and move a
.tar.gz theme file, the syntax of the command would be:
# tar xvf ~/Downloads/<theme file name>.tar.gz -C /usr/share/themes/
To use unzip in the same scenario for a
.zip theme file, the syntax of the command would be:
# unzip ~/Downloads/<theme file name>.zip -d /usr/share/themes/
Alternatively, it is also possible to simply move / copy and paste the extracted files to the
/usr/share/themes directory using an installed file manager as root.
There are two particular problems that may be encountered on rare occasions, especially where downloading themes from unsupported websites. These have been addressed below.
Theme cannot be used
If for any reason the newly extracted theme cannot be selected, open the theme directory to first ensure that it is indeed compatible with Openbox by determining that an
openbox-3 directory is present, and that within this directory a
themerc file is also present. An
.obt (OpenBox Theme) file may also be present in some instances, which can then be manually loaded in obconf.
Where expected files and directories are present and correct, then on occasion it is possible that the theme author has not correctly set permission to access the file (e.g. permission may still be for the account of the author, rather than for root). To eliminate this possibility, ensure the folder and file permissions are for root:
# chown -R root /user/share/themes
Theme looks broken
Of course, the first line of enquiry would be to check that it is not just a badly made, broken theme! Otherwise, ensure that the Openbox GTK fix has been implemented, and then re-start the session. Unfortunately some older themes can simply break if not maintained sufficiently to keep pace with the changes incurred by GTK updates. To avoid such occurrences, it is best to check that desired themes have recently been created or at least updated / patched.
Edit or create new themes
The process of creating new or modifying existing themes is covered extensively at the official openbox.org website. A user-friendly GUI to do so - obthemeAUR - is also available from the AUR.
Compositing effects
Openbox does not natively provide support for compositing, and it will therefore be necessary to install a compositor for this purpose. The use of compositing enables various desktop visual effects, including transparency, fading, and shadows. Although compositing is not a necessary component, it can help to provide a more pleasant-looking environment, and avoid common issues such as screen distortion when oblogout is used, and visual glitches when terminal window transparency has been enabled. Three of the most common choices are:
- Compton: Powerful and reliable, with extensive options
- Xcompmgr: Older and simpler version of compton
- Cairo Compmgr: Advanced compositing effects, plugin support, and a user-friendly GUI. Also more buggy and far heavier use of system resources.
Mouse cursor and application icon themes
Any mouse cursor and/or application icon theme may be used with Openbox. Numerous themes are available from both the official repositories and the AUR.
xcursor themes (mouse)
Standard xcursor theme packages available from the official repositories include xcursor-themes, xcursor-bluecurve, xcursor-vanilla-dmz, and xcursor-pinux. To search the official repositories for all available xcursor themes, enter the following command:
$ pacman -Ss xcursor
Installed x-cursor themes may then be set though using the obconf and lxappearance-obconf GUI applications. It may then be necessary to either log out and back in again to implement the change, or to reconfigure Openbox.
Application icon themes
Standard xcursor theme packages available from the official repositories include the gnome-icon-theme and lxde-icon-theme. A nice icon theme currently available from the AUR is numix-icon-theme-gitAUR. To search the official repositories for all available icon themes, enter the following command:
$ pacman -Ss icon-theme
Again, installed icon themes may then be set though using the obconf and lxappearance-obconf GUI applications. It may then be necessary to either log out and back in again to implement the change, or to reconfigure Openbox.
Desktop icons and wallpapers
Openbox does not natively support the use of desktop icons or wallpapers. As a consequence, it will be necessary to install additional applications for this purpose, where desired.
Desktop management using file managers
Some file managers have the capacity to fully manage the desktop, meaning that they may be used to provide wallpapers and enable the use of icons on the desktop. The LXDE desktop environment itself uses PCManFM for this purpose.
- PCManFM: See the PCManFM desktop management article.
- SpaceFM: See the SpaceFM desktop management article.
Wallpaper / background programs
There are numerous packages available to set desktop backgrounds in Openbox, each of which will need to be autostarted in the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file. A few of the most well known have been listed.
nitrogen is a user-friendly choice, as it also provides a GUI window to browse and set installed images. To access the GUI, enter the following command in a terminal:
$ nitrogen
To use nitrogen as the background provider, add the following command to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file so that it will restore the last set wallpaper:
nitrogen --restore &
Feh is a popular image viewer that may also be used to set wallpapers. In this instance, it will be necessary to add the full directory path and name of the image to be used as the wallpaper. To use Feh as the background provider, add the following command to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
feh --bg-scale /path/to/image.file &
hsetroot is a command-line tool specifically designed to set wallpapers. As with Feh, it will be necessary to add the full directory path and name of the image to be used as the wallpaper. To use HSetRoot as the background provider, add the following command to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
hsetroot -fill /path/to/image.file &
xsetroot is installed as part of the Xorg X-Windows system, and may be used to set simple background colours. For example, to use XSetRoot to set a black background, the following would be added to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
xsetroot -solid "#000000" &
Icon programs
While there are programs dedicated to enabling desktop icons alone, it would seem that they have greater drawbacks than the utilisation of file managers for the task. These programs are discussed briefly, below.
idesk is a simple program that can enable icons in addition to managing wallpaper. It will be necessary to create an
~/.idesktop directory, and desktop icons must also be manually created. To use idesk to provide icons, add the following command to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
idesk &
xfdesktop is the desktop manager for XFCE. The Thunar file manager will also be downloaded as a dependency. Where this is used, the Openbox desktop menu will no longer be accessible by right-clicking the background.
As such, it will consequently be necessary to access it by other means, such as by creating a keybind, and/or by - where permitted - re-configuring an installed panel to use the desktop menu as a panel menu. To use xfdesktop to provide icons, add the following command to the
~/.config/openbox/autostart file:
xfdesktop &
conky reconfiguration
Particularly where using a file manager to manage the desktop, it will be necessary to edit
~/.conkyrc to change the
own_window_type command in order for conky to continue to be displayed (where used). The revised command that should be used is:
own_window_type normal
File managers
Multiple file managers may be used with Openbox, including PCManFM, SpaceFM, Thunar, xfe, and qtfm. Thunar is the native file manager for Xfce, and if installing be aware that some Xfce-related dependencies will also be installed, including exo (set default applications) and xfce4-about (provide information about the Xfce deskop environment). The menu entries for these may consequently have to be hidden.
A file manager alone will not provide the same features and functionality as provided by default in full desktop environments like Xfce and KDE. For example, it may not be initially possible to view or access other partitions or access removable media. See File manager functionality for further information.
See the Oblogout article for an overview on how to use this useful, graphical logout script.
Openbox for multihead users
While Openbox provides better than average multihead support on its own, the openbox-multihead-gitAUR package from the AUR provides a development branch called Openbox Multihead that gives multihead users per-monitor desktops. This model is not commonly found in floating window managers, but exists mainly in tiling window managers. It is explained well on the Xmonad web site. Also, please see README.MULTIHEAD for a more comprehensive description of the new features and configuration options found in Openbox Multihead.
Openbox Multihead will function like normal Openbox when only a single head is available.
A downside to using Openbox Multihead is that it breaks the EWMH assumption that one and only one desktop is visible at any time. Thus, existing pagers will not work well with it. To remedy this, pager-multihead-gitAUR can be found in the AUR and is compatible with Openbox Multihead. Screenshots.
Finally, a new version of PyTyle that will work with Openbox Multihead can also be found in the AUR: pytyle3-gitAUR.
Both pytyle3 and pager-multihead-git will work without Openbox Multihead if only one monitor is active.
Tips and tricks
Packages for beginners
The packages listed below have been listed to aid newer users:
- Display Manager: LXDM or LightDM
- Audio: ALSA
- Volume: volumeicon or pnmixerAUR with gnome-alsamixer
- Network: Network manager with network-manager-applet
- Panel: Tint2 or Tint2-svn
- Background: Nitrogen or Feh
- Menu: OBMenu-Generator
- Compositor: Compton
- Desktp Notifications: xfce4-notifyd
- Logout script: Oblogout
- File Manager: PCManFM, SpaceFM, or Thunar
- Clipboard Manager: parcellite
- Configuration GUIs: obconf, lxappearance-obconf, lxrandr, lxinput, tintwizardAUR or tintwizard-svnAUR
Switch desktops using the mouse
It is possible to switch desktop by moving the mouse cursor to the edges of the screen. First install xdotool and add the following two lines to your
xdotool behave_screen_edge --delay 500 left set_desktop --relative -- -1 & xdotool behave_screen_edge --delay 500 right set_desktop --relative -- +1 &
Set default applications / file associations
See the Default applications article.
Stop continous mouse wheel desktop switching
By default Openbox switches from the last desktop back to the first desktop on mouse wheel scroll. Use
<wrap>no</wrap> in the
mousebind section to disable this behaviour.
<context name="Desktop"> <mousebind button="Up" action="Click"> <action name="GoToDesktop"> <to>previous</to> <wrap>no</wrap> </action> </mousebind> <mousebind button="Down" action="Click"> <action name="GoToDesktop"> <to>next</to> <wrap>no</wrap> </action> </mousebind> </context>
Terminal content copy and paste
Within a terminal, either:
Ctrl+Inswill copy and
Shift+Inswill paste.
Ctrl+Shift+cwill copy and mouse middle-click will paste.
Ad-hoc window transparency
The program transset-df is available in the official repositories, and can enable window transparency on-the-fly.
For example, using the following code in the
<mouse> section of the
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file will enable control of application window transparency by hovering the mouse-pointer over the title bar and scrolling with the middle button:
<context name="Titlebar"> ... <mousebind button="Up" action="Click"> <action name= "Execute" > <execute>transset-df -p .2 --inc </execute> </action> </mousebind> <mousebind button="Down" action="Click"> <action name= "Execute" > <execute>transset-df -p .2 --dec </execute> </action> </mousebind> ... </context>
Using obxprop for faster configuration
openbox package provides a
obxprop binary that can parse relevant values for applications settings in
rc.xml. Officially
obxprop | grep "^_OB_APP" is recommended for this task. Doing so for multiple applications and its windows can be very inefficient however. The following script
obxprop2obrc makes it much easier to configure even a large number of applications.
#!/bin/bash ##Script: obxprop-to-openbox-rc.sh ##Recommended executable name: obxprop2obrc while [ $# -ne 0 ]; do case $1 in -f*) shift; FILE="$1"; shift; ;; -t*) shift; TIME="$1"; shift; ;; *) echo Usage: $0 [-f FILE_TEMPLATE] [-t WAIT_TO_KILL_TIME] exit 1; ;; esac done if [ $TIME ]; then OBXPROPS=( $(obxprop | cat & (sleep $TIME && pkill -13 cat) | awk -F \" '/_OB_APP/{ print "\x22"$2"\x22" }' ) ); else OBXPROPS=( $(obxprop | awk -F \" '/_OB_APP/{ print "\x22"$2"\x22" }' ) ); fi OBPROPS=(TYPE TITLE GROUP_CLASS GROUP_NAME CLASS NAME ROLE); j=0; for i in $( seq 2 2 14 ); do OBPROP="$( echo ${OBXPROPS[@]} | awk -F \" '{ print $'$i'}' )"; if [[ -z $OBPROP ]]; then declare ${OBPROPS[$j]}='"*"'; else declare ${OBPROPS[$j]}="\"$OBPROP\""; fi j=$(($j+1)); done; echo " <application type="$TYPE" title="$TITLE" class="$CLASS" name="$NAME" role="$ROLE">" if [ -f "$FILE" ]; then cat "$FILE" && exit; fi cat << EOF <desktop>1</desktop> <desktop>all</desktop> <decor>yes</decor> <decor>no</decor> <focus>yes</focus> <focus>no</focus> <fullscreen>yes</fullscreen> <fullscreen>no</fullscreen> <iconic>yes</iconic> <iconic>no</iconic> <maximized>yes</maximized> <maximized>no</maximized> <maximized>both</maximized> <maximized>horizontal</maximized> <maximized>vertical</maximized> <monitor>0</monitor> <monitor>1</monitor> <position force="no"> <position force="yes"> <width>40%</width> <height>30%</height> <x>-1</x> <y>-1</y> <x>center</x> <y>center</y> </position> <layer>above</layer> <layer>normal</layer> <layer>below</layer> <shade>yes</shade> <shade>no</shade> <skip_pager>yes</skip_pager> <skip_pager>no</skip_pager> <skip_taskbar>yes</skip_taskbar> <skip_taskbar>no</skip_taskbar> </application> EOF
If no further options are used default configuration, that can be edited by deleting unnecessary lines, is printed out. This script can use templates with default values when using
-f switch:
$ obxprop2obrc -f templates-rc-inkscape-dialogs.sc > part-rc-applications-inkscape.xml $ cat part-rc-applications-inkscape.xml
<application type="normal" title="Align and Distribute (Shift+Ctrl+A)" class="Inkscape" name="inkscape" role="*"> <desktop>3</desktop> <decor>yes</decor> <maximized>no</maximized> <position force="yes"> <width>20%</width> <height>30%</height> <x>-1</x> <y>-1</y> </position> <layer>normal</layer> <shade>yes</shade> </application>
It also has a time switch
-t which kills obxprop and thus can reduce time significantly in certain situations, although it may not work perfectly.
Xprop values for applications
xorg-xprop is available in the official repositories, and can be used to relay property values for selected applications. Where frequently using per-application settings, the following Bash Alias may be useful: dy:
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'
To use Xorg-XProp, run using the alias given
xp, and click on the active program desired to define with per-application settins. The results displayed will only be the information that Openbox itself requires, namely the
WM_WINDOW_ROLE and
WM_CLASS (name and class) values:
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster" WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py" WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"
For whatever reason, Firefox and like-minded equivalents ignore application rules (e.g. <desktop>) unless
class="Firefox*" is used. This applies irrespective of whatever values xprop may report for the program's
Switching between keyboard layouts
See the article section switching between keyboard layouts for instructions.
Windows load behind the active window
Some application windows (such as Firefox windows) may load behind the currently active window, causing you to need to switch to the window you just created to focus it. To fix this behavior add this to your
~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file, inbetween the
<openbox_config> and
</openbox_config> tags:
<applications> <application class="*"> <focus>yes</focus> </application> </applications>
See also
- Openbox Website - Official website
- Planet Openbox - Openbox news portal
- Box-Look.org - A good resource for themes and related artwork
- Openbox Hacks and Configs Thread @ Arch Linux Forums
- Openbox Screenshots Thread @ Arch Linux Forums
- An Openbox guide


text:
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text:
Member since: 2014
Organization: Former Wyeth employee
Application Area: Used extensively for about 3 years and loved it!
"I had the pleasure to operate the comPILER in conjunction with 10 comPOUND freezers for about 3 years. It was used to process microtube samples in support of a HTS department. It was fairly easy to learn to operate and program but it requires a technically inclined person to really master it and push it to the limit--we actually were able to process over 10K microtube samples in a day with the limitation being the retrieval from and storage to the comPOUNDs. With routine care and maintenance, it worked wonderfully. The service engineers were also a great pleasure to work with. I highly recommend this equipment to support high-throughput processing of valued samples."
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text:
As recent events in other venues might reflect, it's easy for people to jump on the band wagon and start relating their own tales of woe and misfortune with customer service of one form or another, or for someone to want to jump to the defense of the lowly worker and relate their own tales of customer douchebaggery.
I've worked on that end of the phone and had to hear all the complaints about products I personally couldn't have given two shits about but for the fact that they provided me with a steady income, so I know well the instinct to want to slap a little wordsmithing down on someone when you're tired and fed up with your day, when factors far beyond your control seem to conspire to make your day suck all the more. That said, no matter how rough it is, you have a job to do, and that doesn't involve feeding your own ego a little.
On the other hand, when you're the wronged party, when it seems like a faceless corporation is just out to collect your few hard-earned sheckles and rub their hands together gleefully in a very Mr. Burns-esque fashion, it's easy to get fed up or be made to feel powerless. Internet rage is fine and all, I suppose, but it doesn't really get anywhere, and the result is that you end up with little biting comments and buttsore feelings on the whole matter.
So, my goal here isn't really to comment further on the whole Ocean Marketing thing. I'd rather relate my own recent experience dealing with customer service. A few months ago, I put through an order on a bunch of disc golf discs through Dynamic Discs. They've had a number of cool custom-dye discs that I enjoyed, and they had a special going on for a bulk pack of discs that I figured I'd pick up and use as practice discs - see how they felt and flew, and used as loaners for friends and relatives that decide to join me out on the links from time to time. The order was placed, and like all of my previous orders, I got a tracking number and such from DD.
At this point, it might be better if I just copied the text of my email to UPS.
| firstname.lastname@example.com
| Second shipment lost
As of today, UPS has apparently delivered packages I was to receive somewhere else a second time. On Sept 23, your web system indicated that a $80 package was delivered to my front door (tracking number). Three people had been home at the time, and none of us ever spoke to a UPS delivery person, nor did anyone knock on our door. I filed a claim through your website, and subsequently spoke to someone about a week later, but nothing ever came of it, and to this day, I have no idea what the status of my claim is. I contacted the shipper, but they indicated that UPS informed them there was nothing that could be done.
Of note, on Oct. 13, a second $60 package had apparently been lost as well (tracking number). Hoping for the best, I thought maybe I could give a call to your customer service department so they could contact the driver before they clocked out for the day, maybe figure out where they delivered the package to. Unfortunately, after three minutes of waiting on hold, the call to 1-800-742-5877 simply closed the call. Thinking I might have somehow done something wrong, I called again, and got the same response. I figured, what the heck, third time's the charm, and again, after three minutes of waiting, dropped call.
Alrighty, I said to myself, maybe there's something wrong with the phone system on their end. So, I logged into your website and tried to start up a live chat around 3pm PT. I was #8 in the queue, so I figured I'd let it cycle through. 7 in queue, 3 in queue, looking good.... #1 in queue, yay! Then, the chat session logged itself as "Cancelled - Sorry, there are no chat agents available at this time, please try again later." What the bloody heckfire? What was up with having a queue, then? Why not just have me wait until there was one?
Being a curious sort, I decided to click the "Proof of Delivery" link. I was hoping for maybe a picture of your delivery person in crazy camouflage sneaking up to my door with a thumbs up as they laid it down on the doorstep. Well, not really. I was hoping for a picture of them dropping it off at someone else's house so that I could figure out where they actually dropped it off, but you have to admit, the camouflage thing would be neat. Anyways, no, no, that's not what I got. Instead, I get a text screen that basically said the same thing the main screen said: "Delivered to front door". Really? Saying the same thing twice constitutes proof of delivery? Couldn't the "proof" have at least been a video of someone saying "Cross my heart and hope to fly."?
Fortunately, a fourth call to your customer service line actually got through, and I spoke to a lovely woman who contacted the local distribution center, who then called the driver. According to the driver, he insisted that he dropped it off, under the bench, next to my Jeep. Three problems:
1 - I work from home, and my office window faces my front door. I never saw said driver.
2 - I don't own a Jeep, I own a Forester. I guess maybe those could be mistaken for one another, though.
3 - We have no bench in the front of our house. Nor either side nor the back of the house, for that matter.
Eventually, the driver tracked down where he'd dropped off our package and brought it by the house, with an apology, and indicated once again, with a vague sort of wave, that he'd delivered it to "the house with the Jeep". No idea who that is, but at least we got this package. Still no sign of the one from September though. What kind of parcel service would use the motto "We'll deliver it right to your door, give or take a few houses"?
Now, there might be an instinct to treat this as a big ole' bag of whining. So, I have a few suggestions that I hope someone takes to heart.
1 - allow recipients to file lost package claims. While I understand the opinion of "the shipper is the one who paid us, so we answer to them", as a buyer, those costs are passed on, either through inclusion in the purchase price or by direct charge added to my purchase price, to me. Often, as the purchaser, the method of delivery is even in my hands to choose. Ergo, I am the one who is purchasing your service, by mutual agreement with the seller. To disallow me to file the claim, or to have to go through the seller to do so, is needless hassle that only increases my dissatisfaction with your service.
2 - allow claims to be filed via the online form on the same day. I agree it would be preferable to resolve the issue by phone first - quicker, easier, more personable. Chat would be a great fallback. But if neither option seems viable, there is no distinct reason that the claim shouldn't be allowed to be filed that same day. Having to call in four times in order to get any contact is beyond reasonable expectation. Maybe you just need to include some "It would better/faster/stronger if you did this by phone" language, but the communication path needs to be permitted.
3 - even better, instead of funneling all calls through one call center, have an automated system direct the call to the local distribution center. One less step in the crazy game of telephone means one less point for miscommunication (or lost communication) to occur.
4 - Get rid of "proof of delivery" if you're just going to say "No, really, we did, promise". I get that if there were a signature required, you might include that in the pop-up, but setting up a conditional for only signatures shouldn't be too hard.
5 - I realize it's been a month since my first package was lost (remember that one? See first paragraph.). There's probably no hope for it at this point. Can I at least have my money back? Or, can the shipper be reimbursed for you losing the product so that they can refund my money?
At this point, I'm not just wary of using your service, I'm downright skittish. For the past couple of days, I've been asking people to ship things to me by FedEx or USPS and specifically avoid your service. Sure, I expect my minor momentary boycott isn't even a blip in the grand scheme of things. But it's all I've got.
Anyways, it seemed to have worked. Within 24 hours, I received a call from the central customer service center apologizing for the experience, and checking out all of the details. Then, I got a call from the local distro center apologizing. Then an in-person visit from our regular driver for the route, and another visit a day later from their "problem resolution" person. I signed a thing confirming that the package hadn't been delivered, and a promise to follow up on the whole deal.
Now, you might wonder why I didn't bug Dynamic Discs to handle all this for me. I did, for a bit. In general, I get the impression that they're a small company of maybe a dozen people, if that - a small mom-and-pop type outfit, which, to be honest, I'm less likely to be angsty with. They had bugged UPS as well, and received a pretty straight-forward "Hey, we delivered it, nothing we can do" kind of line. To their credit, when the first order failed to come through, they gave me half off on my second order even though ultimately they weren't responsible for the loss.
Anyways, UPS finally got all their T's dotted and their eyes crossed, and refunded to money to Dynamic Discs. And Dynamic Discs, in turn, gave me the choice of having a check cut back to me, or giving me a credit for the full amount on a future order. But they were cool, kept me in the loop along the whole way. And they still put out good products in their custom-dye work, so they definitely are keeping me as a customer, so a credit is AOK with me.
Now, had all this gone horribly wrong, I'd have just asked for a check and been done with it, never using them again. But they were cool. And, after the many hoops I went though, UPS was ultimately cool with how they handled it all. Sure, it took a while, and the hoops I had to jump through to actually reach someone were a pain, but once I did reach someone, they took it all in stride and fixed the primary issue. I haven't had reason to try their customer service contacts again yet, so I can't say as of yet if everything has been resolved, but I feel like they actually cared enough about my business that I'm willing to give them another shot.
And that's what good customer service gets you - a consistent customer, and, in this case, someone willing to use his soapbox (small though it may be) for a moment to say "Hey, you did right by me. Thanks." I'm happy. Can't you tell?


text:
FRITZ!Box 6890 LTE Serwis - Baza wiedzy
FRITZ!Box 6890 LTE Serwis
AVM Content
Not your product?
This document is also available for the following products:
Replacing the FRITZ!Box's wireless antennas
The FRITZ!Box's wireless antennas have been optimally designed for the wireless function of the FRITZ!Box. The FRITZ!Box's antennas can therefore not be replaced with antennas from a different manufacturer.
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text:
|Potomac, Md.
|High School:
|Georgetown Day School
|Human Evolutionary Biology
|House Affiliation:
Sophomore • 2013
Coxed the varsity four against BU/Princeton/Stanford ... Coxed the third varsity at the Muri Cup and the Eastern Sprints ... Coxed the lightweight four second-place finish at the IRA National Championship.
Freshman • 2012
Coxed for the novice lightweight eight all season … Aided the novice eight in a third-place finish at EAWRC Sprints … Helped sweep Princeton and MIT … Contributed to the novice eights efforts against Georgetown and the Radcliffe second varsity eights.
Before Harvard
Was a coxswain for Georgetown Day School for three years … Awarded Most Valuable Player in crew (2008) and the Coach's Award (2011) … Earned the Fran Young Math Award and the National Merit Scholarship … Was ranked as high as No. 1 in table tennis in the state of Maryland.
Hobbies include cooking, traveling and hiking … Father, Paul '83, and two uncles, Patrick '84 and Perry '89, attended Harvard University.


text:
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text:
In which issues concerning the profession of philosophy are
bitched griped about
Wednesday, October 7, 2009
New Philosophy Jobs Wiki
Gird your loins. T-minus 2 days. Shit.
--Mr. Zero
18 comments:
- Ibid said...
Thanks for this link to a great site.
I especially like this job call, from University of Maine (Farmington):
Asst. Prof. (Tenure Track)
AOS: Epistemology, Logic, Philosophy of Science, Aesthetics & Philosophy of Art, Environmental Ethics, Africana Philosophy, Asian Philosophy, Continental Philosophy, Indian Philosophy, Islamic Philosophy, Jewish Philosophy, Latin American Philosophy, and Native American Philosophy
Sure, I can do all of that. Would you also like cream with your coffee?
- October 7, 2009 at 11:01 AM
Just use the old wiki, it has been cleared:
- October 7, 2009 at 11:20 AM
Let's hope the 'rumor mill' is wrong!
- October 7, 2009 at 11:29 AM
- Mr. Zero said...
I noticed that, too. It seemed to me that there must be some "and/or" confusion there. Or, they've got a VAP they're looking to hire.
- October 7, 2009 at 11:57 AM
- david morrow said...
I'm one of the creators of the new wiki. Thanks for the link, Mr Zero. We don't mean any disrespect to the organizers and maintainers of the old wiki. I found it to be extremely useful (though soul-crushing) last year. We just thought we could provide a more useful service if we moved the wiki to our own server. For instance, the new wiki is easier to sort and search, and it provides RSS feeds. (We're working on customized feeds for just the schools that interest you.)
As for Farmington's listing, you're right, Mr Zero. if you look at the original job ad on CHR, you'll see that they actually want any of those listed disciplines as an "AOS/AOC." We decided not to try to distinguish the various ways of handling conjunctions and disjunctions in AOS requirements. We've added a note to that effect to the wiki (under 'How do I use the wiki?').
We're happy to receive feedback on the wiki -- bugs, complaints, feature requests, etc. You can contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com, through the site, or through this thread.
- October 7, 2009 at 12:17 PM
I have to say, if the new wiki isn't distinguishing between AOSs and AOCs, nor between disjuncts and conjuncts, it's not particularly useful.
- October 7, 2009 at 1:14 PM
Wow, that's amazaingly neat. One question for phylo@phylo: is there any way to attach a unique identifier to each listing? I see, for example, that the job at Whitworth has already been filled, but that's a job for this year, i.e., a whole year ahead of the flood of jobs that'll come out on Friday. If that job was identified as 182w-1, for example, then it would be clear which year it was for (assuming people knew the APA conventions)and it would also distinguish the VAP job from the TT job they promise to fill for next year. Or maybe it would be easier to indicate the semester the job was supposed to start, e.g., Fall 2009. You get the idea.
But very impressive. Thanks for the work putting this together.
- October 7, 2009 at 1:20 PM
- david morrow said...
Sorry, I should have been clearer. We do want to distinguish between AOS and AOC, but our intent is to omit AOCs from the wiki. Presumably, people are only interested in jobs that have the right AOS(es). (If you're an ethicist, a job with an ethics AOC does you no good if the AOS is Neo-Confucian Chinese Metaphysics and Ancient Near Eastern Epistemology.) The problem with the Farmington ad is that they don't distinguish between AOS and AOC, so we can't either.
As I understood it, the convention on the old wiki has been to list only the AOSes. That convention should continue on the new wiki.
Good question. I'd thought about that at one point. I don't think it should be an issue for too long, since presumably the jobs that start this year will need to be filled pretty soon. It might become a bigger issue in the spring.
What do people think? Would you like to see a field specifying when the job is supposed to start?
- October 7, 2009 at 1:35 PM
Also, the Rutgers job listing incorrectly lists the job as a New Brunswick campus job. It's a Newark campus job. That's a pretty big difference.
- October 7, 2009 at 1:35 PM
That is one awesome wiki design. At least the job search will have a kind of beauty this year. Nice work.
And I like how positions turn from green to red, like the escalating terror alerts, or the stoplight telling you you're not going to make it through this particular intersection. Ahhh... misery.
- October 7, 2009 at 1:38 PM
- Will Philosophize For Food said...
"That is one awesome wiki design."
Perhaps. I can't tell. Because unfortunately, I get a giant disclaimer box loaded right over the page, and my browser won't let me scroll down far enough to close it.
Perhaps we can ditch the disclaimer box (put it in text on the front page, or as a javascript pop-up), so it will be useful to everyone?
- October 7, 2009 at 4:18 PM
Will Philosophize for Food:
I had the same problem, and then learned--more or less by accident--that I could use the down arrow on my keyboard to scroll down to the bottom of the message. Then I was able to click on the "click here to close window" thingy.
Maybe the wiki doesn't like Firefox?
- October 7, 2009 at 6:43 PM
I love the design, but I think dropping AOCs is a mistake. There are going to be cases where the AOS sort of fits, but sort of doesn't (i.e. - someone who does philosophy of social science might apply for a job with AOS philosophy of science, but has social philosophy and/or phil of anthropology as an AOC). In those sorts of cases, AOCs are highly relevant.
It's not a big deal, but I just wanted to point out that AOC lists often matter when deciding which jobs to apply for.
- October 7, 2009 at 7:16 PM
Um, wouldn't one have to be more or less insane to make decisions about where to apply based on the wiki?
There's a publication coming out soon called Jobs for Philosophers. You should use that instead. Just use the wiki to see what's up with the jobs you've applied for. JFP will tell you what you need to know about AOS and AOC.
- October 7, 2009 at 8:21 PM
Agreed. Look, the work on the "new wiki" is appreciated, but why bother? The old wiki was fine. All of the information was in one place. People are still updating the old wiki. I'll continue to post my information there.
- October 7, 2009 at 8:34 PM
- david morrow said...
That's what we had in mind: this should not be your sole source of information about these jobs. (Actually, it's not clear how it could be, since it doesn't provide contact info, application packet requirements, etc.)
That's more or less what the disclaimer means when it says that the wiki is, well, a job wiki, not a job listing service.
Speaking of the disclaimer splash, we fixed a bug or two that arose when we turned on extra page caching today in expectation of more visitors. You can now click anywhere on the screen to get rid of it, and the disclaimer should only appear the first time that you visit the page on a given computer (assuming that you have cookies enabled in your browser). Thanks for the feedback on that.
- October 7, 2009 at 9:03 PM
How does one edit entries on the Phylo wiki? The AOS for a number of jobs has been mischaracterized, and the corrections I've entered aren't showing up in the records.
- October 11, 2009 at 9:04 PM
- david morrow said...
Anon 9:04,
In sadly typical IT support fashion, I haven't been able to replicate your problem. When I visit the site from a "non-administrator" computer, I mouse over the pencil icon and click 'Edit the details of this job listing' in the tooltip that appears. That loads a form in place of the job listing. If I change the AOS on that form and click the 'Save' button, the page reloads all of the listings, and my changes show up.
I know there were some occasional problems with people entering ads on Friday, but I think we identified and fixed those. If you're still experiencing problems adding or editing listings, I'd really like to hear about it by email so that I can fix the problem. In addition to the contact methods I mentioned earlier, you can email me at dmorrow[the_number_one] [at] gmail [dot] com.
RSS Users:
One other note about the wiki: If you're following the RSS feed, you may find that everything is suddenly marked 'new' (as of about 4:00 pm EDT today). We got reports that some RSS readers (including Google Reader) weren't recognizing job status updates as "new" RSS items, so we made some changes to try to fix that.
- October 12, 2009 at 1:41 PM


text:
ERDDAP: Diving into a Data Ocean
Data Lakes has become a popular term in the Big Data community. It's used to refer to a large storage repository and processing engine. However there is now a technology from NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the USA) that turns its existing distributed data network of Petabytes of Open Data into what can be described as a Data Ocean! This technology is called ERDDAP and it provides fixed entry points on the Internet from which data can be searched for, queried and transformed. This functionality is made available via a human interface (web site) and Restful Web Services.