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Is there mercury on Mercury?
Is there mercury on Mercury?
Nov 2 2008, 08:09 PM
Post #1
This may sound like a completely stupid and whimsical question, or else give the UMSF food for thought. But does anyone know if there has been any work done on estimating the abundances of metals on Mercury, and with this in mind, in particular I'm wondering if planet Mercury's namesake element, the liquid metal mercury, could exist as an ore in the crust of Mercury?
I guess this speculation is pretty fanciful, but could it be possible for Mercury to contain its namesake metal?
And leading on from that, could Mercury, Mars or Venus contain precious metals such as silver, gold or platinum worth mining in commercial quantities eventually? Or can such metals only be created in sufficient concentrations on Earth only, due to its plate tectonics?
Nov 2 2008, 08:47 PM
Post #2
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Mercury likely exists in Mercury, as it does in everything else in the solar system, from the Sun to planets, moons, and asteroids. The question is whether we'd be likely to encounter it in any abundance locally. I don't know the answer to that question, but I can send you to a story and a couple of definitions that might be useful in trying to figure it out.
Here's the story: when the terrestrial planets initially formed, they were molten, and separated into iron, nickel, and sulfur-rich cores and rocky mantles, a process called differentiation. One thing that happened during differentiation is that less abundant elements got partitioned into the core and mantle. You might think the heaviest elements would have wound up in the core and the lighter ones in the mantle, but it's not quite that simple. What happened is that elements that have a chemical affinity for iron or sulfur wound up in the core, and the stuff that doesn't, didn't. This is one reason the mantle and crust of Earth is relatively rich in radioactive elements, because those huge atoms don't fit into the chemical lattices that iron-bearing minerals form (unlike, say, magnesium and titanium, which fit quite nicely).
Elements that like iron are called siderophile. Elements that prefer to bond with oxygen, and thus tend to get partitioned into rocky mantle and not core, are called lithophile. While looking this up, I found a third class I hadn't read about before, chalcophile, which like to bond with sulfur so are more likely to end up in the core than the mantle, though they are not as strongly partitioned as siderophile elements. Mercury, along with copper, silver, zinc, arsenic, and lead, are all chalcophile.
Here's a link.
Instinct tells me that Earth would have richer deposits of ores than most other planets, for two reasons. First, the fact that it's had volcanic activity right up to the present means that its rocks have been repeatedly processed -- partially melted, extruded, lithified, then all over again -- which has the potential to concentrate relatively rare elements. Second, it's my understanding (though I'll admit I never took a class in economic geology) that the best way to concentrate ores is to take a relatively enriched source rock and run hot, acidic groundwater through it, dissolving minerals and redepositing them in veins in the rock, which happens in volcanic environments on Earth, but not on, say, Venus, which is pretty much dried out.
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Nov 3 2008, 12:27 AM
Post #3
Emily...that's great food for thought. I'm afraid my detailed geology knowledge only goes to 2nd year university level, and my chemistry to just first year college (I'm a "major" in Geography). But I do try to keep up on reading on the subject of planetary geology and the evolution of the planets in a geochemical context. I'm fascinated by planetary geology, and I was just thinking this evening about the possibility of commercially available ores on other terrestrial bodies in the solar system. I've suspected that Mars may harbour a substantial amount of iron ore, but maybe that's just wishful thinking given the highly oxidised iron rich surface of the planet which we've known since the Viking missions of the mid 1970s. Time will tell.
Of course, at Mercury's temperature, mercury the element would likely be vapourised, but cinnebar, the mercury bearing ore, could potentially be found in its crust. I would agree with your belief that Earth probably is the best location for purer ores, given its dynamic geology, plate tectonics and atmospheric action, but I suspect that Venus is still almost certainly geologically active, and the Magellan mission detected probable concentrations of metals on its higest mountain peaks, like possibly tellurium, so I suppose we won't know for sure until we do a more thorough exploration. And although mercury the element may be a sulphur loving element, we know it didn't all go into Earth's mantle and core as evidenced by its relative abundance in the upper crust.
I just think that it would be sort of cool and ironic if mercury was detected on its namesake planet, Mercury.
Why do the popular science books go on and on about the potential of the asteroids as a future source of important metals all the time? Surely, given their small size and relatively undifferenitated nature, they wouldn't be all that much of a souce of metals more likely found in greater abundance on the terrestrial planets?
Nov 3 2008, 01:05 AM
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Full quote of previous (long) post removed. - Mod
I think there are two reasons asteroids are cited as the 'low-hanging fruit' for mining:
1. the iron-nickel (M-class) are almost pure metal.
2. no gravity well; which means transferring the ore is about as easy as space-freight could get
There are two other classes of 'roids: Stony and Carbonaceous-chondrites, but both are considerably less dense than the M-class. Note that at least 1 'roid, Ceres, is almost certainly differentiated. Vesta might be as well, or perhaps a fragment from a body that once was.
Venus does have active volcanism, but as Emily pointed out, lacks water. It is thought that water acts as the Prime Mover for plate tectonics, so without it, hot spots in the crust are fixed in place. I also don't know much about how metal ores form, but Mercury is the most dense planet out there and likely had (has?) volcanism. I'd imagine it's very rich in iron and other heavier metals. Cinnabar is mercury-sulphide, and sulphides are common in volcanic deposits. So I'd think Mercury, Venus, and perhaps Io would show traces of it.
Nov 3 2008, 01:59 AM
Post #5
It's interesting that you mention Venus. I think that there'd be an almost certainty that volanism is still going on. We just haven't seen it yet. The Messenger mission scientists announced earlier this year that they spotted unmistakable volcanic features on the edge of the Caloris Basin of Mercury, so we do know that Mercury was volcanic in its past. I have a hunch that Mars probably contains commercially minable quantities of iron and iron loving metals, but we just don't know for certain yet.
It's also interesting that you mention Io, yes Io could conceivably be a source of many heavy/precious metals, but the problem in accessing a pretty much molten suface would be difficult.
But what about precious metals, like gold, silver, platinum and rhodium? Would these be available in extractable quantities on the other terrestrial planets, like Venus and Mars?
Nov 4 2008, 05:03 PM
Post #6
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Mercury likely exists in Mercury, as it does in everything else in the solar system, from the Sun to planets, moons, and asteroids. The question is whether we'd be likely to encounter it in any abundance locally. I don't know the answer to that question, but I can send you to a story and a couple of definitions that might be useful in trying to figure it out.
Here's the story: when the terrestrial planets initially formed, they were molten, and separated into iron, nickel, and sulfur-rich cores and rocky mantles, a process called differentiation. One thing that happened during differentiation is that less abundant elements got partitioned into the core and mantle. .........
I was thinking that maybe there is a mechanism that some tiny amounts of elemental Hg could actually coincentrated enough to be found on Mercury. I agree with you that there would expected to be only very trace amounts of Hg in the planet's crust, originally present in oxidized states. But what little there is perhaps could slowly vaporize if the mercury contaning minerals decompose under the intense heat / light, and move in the gaseous form into cooler regions. Gaseous mercury would then recondense in the cold, permanently shadowed polar craters. Once there, it would be permanent. So maybe tiny traces of Hg could be found in those locations via this concentration mechanism.
(Perhaps via similar mechanisms, tiny traces of mercury could be found in the moon's permanently shadowed craters too.)
Nov 4 2008, 05:13 PM
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Nov 4 2008, 05:22 PM
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Could the same not be true of any heavy element? How would this mechanism favour Hg over anything else?
It would need to be an element with a substantial vapor pressure when heated, and a element which is easily released from its oxidized state by high heat, or high irradiation. Mercury is particularly well suited in this respect. I could imagine a few other metallic elements which may also collect in the polar regions via this mechanism (especially Na, K, Cs, Rb and Ga). I need to look up the elemental volatilities, and Td's of their oxides and sulfides before responding further.
I always wondered if the probes looking at the polar regions of the Moon or Mercury had the capability to look for the gaseous signature any of the heavier metals.
Nov 4 2008, 10:07 PM
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I have long taught courses dealing with terrestrial ore deposits, have explored for them as recently as last summer (in Mexico), and have also published on lunar and martian mining, so perhaps I should contribute. What has been said so far is fine as far as it goes, but is incomplete.
Regarding mercury, it is the only familiar metal that is liquid at room temperature. Although chalcophile (sulfur-loving), it is only very weakly so - you can smelt it from cinnibar (the sulfide) in a candle flame. Note: You can even smelt lead from its sulfide, galena, in a candle flame, if you supply extra oxygen through a tube called a blowpipe. Because both mercury and lead are poisons, as is the sulfur dioxide produced, I don't recommend trying this experiment with a candle at home. Mercury metal also boils easily, and historically used to be recovered (separated from cinnibar or gold) in a retort (a still for metals). "Dreamy Draw" in Phoenix allegedly gets its name from the weird behaviour of local mercury miners who had been poisoned by the vapors from these retorts.
In light of the above, silyene's suggestion of looking for concentrations of metallic mercury in cold traps on the hot planet Mercury is an entirely reasonable one. Such cold traps probably don't exist on Venus, which is too hot everywhere. Small mercury deposits on Earth are largely found in hot spring or volcanic areas, where hot, sulfurous vapors and liquids have deposited cinnibar or the metal as they approach the cold surface. It has been suggested that somewhat similar small deposits of fumarolic salts or metals might occur in volcanic areas of the Moon or Mars.
Although certain alkali metals (Na, K, Cs, and Rb) have relatively high vapor pressures, they are strongly lithophile (oxygen-loving) and in nature are strongly combined with oxygen in silicate minerals such as feldspars, and therefore are not free to boil off. They will boil off in a vacuum at extremely high temperatures, above the melting temperature of the silicate rock, and therefore lunar rocks are somewhat depleted in them, I understand (presumably from the magma ocean stage, and later the bombardment stage).
To make an ore deposit of a metal, you need, in general, to dissolve it in some fluid, transport it to a new place, and deposit it as a concentration far greater than that in a normal rock. Some partial exceptions: 1) For a placer deposit, as of gold, the fluid (liquid water) merely transports and concentrates the metal, without dissolving it. 2) For a different type of placer deposit, such as the hematitic spherules at Meridiani on Mars, the wind transports sand grains away, leaving the larger, denser spherules as a lag deposit. Gold nuggets can be similarly concentrated as a lag deposit. 3) For bauxite (aluminum ore), the fluid (warm acid rainwater) leaches all other metals, leaving a concentration of insoluble aluminum behind as a lateritic soil in the jungle.
The mercury vapor cold trap discussed above is one example of fluid dissolution, transport, and deposition - here the fluid is a gas (vapor). A silicate melt (molten magma) is another type of fluid that will serve, and its crystallization can concentrate metals such as iron, titanium, chromium, vanadium, nickel, and platinum-group elements. Such magmatic concentrations of metals could occur on any terrestrial planet, or the Moon. For most familar ore deposit types on Earth, the fluid involved is liquid water, steam, or a high pressure supercritical fluid with properties intermediate between those water and steam. To discuss the entire variety of aqueously-produced ore deposits would take far too much space; buy a book. Suffice it to say that plate tectonics, oceans, and precipitation are key to producing major deposits, and the only other terrestrial planet with rather weak possibilities for such deposits appears to be Mars.
Ore is defined as a rock that can be sold for a profit (i.e., for more money than it costs to obtain it). By that definition, without a ready market at hand for its product, there can be no ore deposit. Therefore, until people are actually living and working in space and need locally-derived metals, to speak of metallic ore deposits on Mercury, Mars, or the Moon is probably an oxymoron (inherent contradiction). It has been suggested that certain high-value products of the lunar surface (e.g., helium-3 for future fusion reactors, or platinum-group elements in lavas or from meteorites) or of metallic asteroids (containing dissolved platinum-group elements) might be worth bringing back to Earth for marketing, but so far no one is investing serious money in that idea.
--HDP Don
Nov 14 2008, 12:25 AM
Post #10
Many thanks for your contribution dburt - it's great to get an expert opinion. So basically, it IS possible that there could be deposits of mercury the element inside Mercury the planet's polar craters. That's fascinating.
When humans come to colonise and settle on other planets (Mars being the most likely in the forseeable future) they will need to mine metals and other minerals from local resources, so a debate about mineral and metallic depisits on other planets seems to be an important discussion.
Oct 22 2010, 01:48 PM
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I was thinking that maybe there is a mechanism that some tiny amounts of elemental Hg could actually coincentrated enough to be found on Mercury. I agree with you that there would expected to be only very trace amounts of Hg in the planet's crust, originally present in oxidized states. But what little there is perhaps could slowly vaporize if the mercury contaning minerals decompose under the intense heat / light, and move in the gaseous form into cooler regions. Gaseous mercury would then recondense in the cold, permanently shadowed polar craters. Once there, it would be permanent. So maybe tiny traces of Hg could be found in those locations via this concentration mechanism.
(Perhaps via similar mechanisms, tiny traces of mercury could be found in the moon's permanently shadowed craters too.)
Interestingly, Hg was recently discovered on the moon in permanently dark craters via this mechanism . I guess the chances of finding Hg in permanently dark craters on Mercury are now much more likely.
LAMP detected molecular hydrogen, carbon monoxide, calcium, magnesium and, oddly, mercury.
"When one of our team suggested it was mercury when we were just throwing out ideas, well, I said, 'What a stupid idea, how can there be mercury there,'" Gladstone recalled. "I had to eat my words later."
The rock samples the Apollo missions brought to Earth showed heavier levels of mercury deeper down, which led one retired scientist, George Reed, to propose that sunlight might have baked the mercury out from the soil that then got trapped in craters at the south pole.
"He did a simple back-of-the-envelope calculation and nailed it," Gladstone told SPACE.com. "If I made a great prediction like that, I'd be tickled that I was right."
"The detection of mercury in the soil was the biggest surprise, especially that it's in about the same abundance as the water detected by LCROSS," said LAMP team member Kurt Retherford at the Southwest Research Institute. "Its toxicity could present a challenge for human exploration."
These findings support the idea that the freezing cold of the permanently shadowed regions of the moon can trap vaporized compounds that wafted in from deep space or other areas of the moon and preserved them there for eons. "They're almost literally gold mines for science," Gladstone said.
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Holly Rachel Candy, known professionally as Holly Valance, is an Australian actress, singer, and model. Valance began her career as Felicity "Flick" Scully on the Australian soap opera Neighbours. In 2002 she released her first album, Footprints, which included the single "Kiss Kiss".
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Willard Christopher "Will" Smith, Jr. is an American actor, producer, and rapper. He has enjoyed success in television, film and music. In April 2007, Newsweek called him the most powerful actor in Hollywood. Smith has been nominated for four Golden Globe Awards, two Academy Awards, and has won four
Britney Spears Tour Dates
Britney Jean Spears is an American recording artist and entertainer. Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997. During her first decade in the music industry
Destiny's Child Tour Dates
Destiny's Child is an American R&B girl group whose final, and perhaps most recognizable, line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams. Formed in 1990 in Houston, Texas, Destiny's Child members began their musical endeavors as Girl's Tyme comprising, among others, Knowles,
Golden Earring Tour Dates
Golden Earring is a Dutch rock band, founded in 1961 in The Hague as the Golden Earrings. They achieved worldwide fame with their international hit songs "Radar Love" in 1973, "Twilight Zone" aka When the Bullet Hits the Bone in 1982, and "When the Lady Smiles" in 1984. During their career they had
Omarion Tour Dates
Omari Ishmael Grandberry, known as Omarion, is an American R&B singer, songwriter, and former lead singer of R&B group B2K. Omarion was spotted at a young age by a manager, Christopher B. Stokes, who took a liking to his vocal abilities. This led to forming the group B2K, which disbanded after being
The Cover Girls Tour Dates
The Cover Girls is a New York City-based freestyle/urban/dance-pop girl group that achieved the majority of its chart success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Among the group's best-known songs are "Show Me", "We Can't Go Wrong", and "Wishing on a Star".
Crystal Waters Tour Dates
Crystal Waters is an American dance music singer and songwriter.
The Underdog Project Tour Dates
The Underdog Project is a German dance music group which launched its first album, It Doesn't Matter in 2001. Their hits include "Saturday", "Summer Jam" and "Tonight". The band has four members: Vic Krishna, Craig Smart, DJ Frank and AJ Duncan.
Keith Sweat Tour Dates
Keith Sweat is an American R&B/soul, singer-songwriter, record producer, radio personality and an innovator of the New Jack Swing.


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Tony: Your bar is to some extent a departure from your average style bar
design (and wonderfully refreshing) Could you tell me what the philosophy
behind the concept was?
Jasper: At the time the idea for 43 was conceived, the West End was at the height of what I called- 'bling culture' & minimalist venues. They all looked similar- slick, like a car show room.
Because South Molton St is primarily a retail street renowned for fashion (particularly shoes). I wanted to fit in but stand out at the same time. The idea was to make to the ground floor feel like retail space but with something obviously very food and drink orientated happening inside. The idea was to put some soul back into Mayfair and create a neighbourhood general store in the middle of West End where you can buy all the necessities. I wanted to create a space where our local community would feel comfortable dropping by for a late lunch or grab a quick drink after work. I am thinking of putting up a notice board so you can put up a notice if you lost your cat. The store will change constantly and act as a platform for new up and coming fashion designers who were looking to showcase in the West End.
The upstairs members section I wanted to look like an eccentric country house, serving cocktails out of teacups. I tell the guys all the time that when people come to the bar they should feel like they are in someones living room and not a bar. The fun thing is that the design changes every week. If we feel like moving the furniture around- we do it. I like keeping things fresh- changing the pictures on the toilet doors, creating new tables, changing the lighting. It shows your customers you are proud of your establishment and changes the atmosphere in the venue. The greatest thing about the design of 43 is that there are no rules.
Tony: I don't know if you had a design team but it sounds like you and your staff are taking responsibility for the feel of the bar through the design its more organic, I like the idea that it can constantly change. It reminds me of a bar in the former east berlin which was actually somebodies house during the day and bar by night she just locked he bedroom when it was a bar.
Jasper: We had a fantastic designer called Russell Sage do the interior here, a fashion designer by trade who ran away with the circus when he was young- so not you're a-Stereotypical interiors guy. Russell has great creative energy so it was great collaborating with him on this, he really understood what we wanted here. It is always inevitable that the design of the building changes slightly after a venue opens. You never quite know how people are going to move in the space until they are actually in there.
As for the bar in Berlin, you are not too far off from the truth. I like the house analogy as it says a lot about this business. The dream was to have this one degree of separation from everyone, like a house party, but one that happens every night of the week. We are launching the memberships in June, so we are building it with that in mind.
Tony: How has your transition from employee to employer been?
Jasper: Apart from not been able to sleep at night, its been great! But really- not much has changed. I have always felt a sense of ownership everywhere I have worked, it makes you a lot prouder of the work you produce. It is important for me that the guys who work at 43 feel like they are working WITH me and not FOR me.
I must admit though, the learning curve has been exponential. The exposure financing, design, PR and marketing has really taught me a lot. It has not been easy but I have enjoyed every minute this last 9 months. Hopefully I can carry skills onto other businesses.
At the end of the day though, I am still a part of a team- that part hasn't changed.
Tony: What advice or encouragement could you give bartenders to take that leap to owner ship?
Jasper: I think trade magazines do a great job giving advice bartenders in general, but that's all academic at the end of the day if you don't believe in yourself. That's the biggest asset. Anyone is capable of anything if you want it bad enough. That, combined with hard work of course.
Tony: Presumably you have backers? How did that come about and how did you gain trust and confidence in them and them in you (as that is what it would takes to share a business and to have a working vision?
Jasper: To every business there is an element of risk, things may look great on paper but you don't ever know how it is going to work out until you start working with each other. Trust and confidence is something that grows over time. All the people involved in this business have one vision- to open a great bar, restaurant & members club that will hopefully become a London institution.


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Streaming boxes are the future of television; there's no point arguing it. The question is, who's going to own it? Until now it's largely been a two-horse race between Apple TV and Roku. But with Walmart throwing its retail weight behind the scrappy little Boxee TV, this rumble just got a lot more interesting.
Bloomberg reports the move, which will put the $100 upstart streamer in more than 3,000 Walmart locations just in time for holiday splurging. Its trump card? It can stream live broadcast TV in addition to Hulu Plus, Netflix, and all the other apps you're used to from the main contenders. You can DVR an unlimited amount of content that Boxee stashes conveniently in the cloud for you.
Whether that's enough to woo people from their old familiar streamers remains to be seen. But one things for sure; with that many stores offering it, a lot more people will know that Boxee's not just some throwaway Sonic the Hedgehog character. [Bloomberg]


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1st Infantry Division Bids Farewell to Germany
By Spc. Stephen Baack, USA
American Forces Press Service
WUERZBURG, Germany, July 6, 2006 - The U.S. Army's 1st Infantry Division, known as the "Big Red One," bid farewell to its host country of Germany at Victory Park on Leighton Barracks here today.
The colors of Big Red One are scheduled to be unfurled at Fort Riley, Kan., Aug. 1, and the division will assume command and control of its units now there. Among other duties, the division is slated to take on the mission of training foreign security forces training teams in support of operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom.
Despite numerous deployments to distant countries within the past 10 years, Big Red One soldiers have built lasting relationships with German friends and colleagues. For many, the ceremony marks a bittersweet day.
"When I think about the division leaving Germany and returning to the states, I can't help but be saddened just a little," Army Maj. Gen. Kenneth W. Hunzeker, 1st ID commanding general, said. "Like many of you, I've spent a large part of my military life here in Germany. We will miss the culture, the people, the partnerships, the opportunity to travel, and even the challenges associated with leading troops overseas.
"Serving in Europe has also afforded our leaders the opportunity to visit battlefields and walk the ground where our forefathers fought during World War I and World War II," Hunzeker said. "We are humbled to have been so fortunate to be able to study our profession on the ground that was fought to bring back freedom and democracy to this great continent."
Though first established in 1917 during World War I, the division moved to Germany for the first time immediately after World War II and remained here until 1955, when it first moved to Fort Riley.
Since that time, the Big Red One has answered the call to fight in Vietnam, operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, before returning to Germany for the second time April 10, 1996. Within the last 10 years, the 1st ID has played key roles during peacekeeping operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, and deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom II from February 2004 to February 2005.
"The Big Red One is privileged to have served more than 43 cumulative years on European soil," Hunzeker continued. "Thousands upon thousands of 1st Infantry Division veterans, from almost every era in our history, have shared in the experience of living and serving alongside our friends and neighbors in this great country. The fond memories that we have all had serving in Europe help to forever link us to the group of veterans who are very proud to have worn our patch and to the generations of Germans who have shown us hospitality for so many years."
Numerous special attendees were at the event, including Gen. David McKiernan, U.S. Army Europe commanding general; Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez, 5th Corps commanding general; Command Sgt. Maj. Iuniasolua Savusa, USAREUR command sergeant major; Lt. Gen. Wolfgang Otto, German Army Forces Command commanding general; Pia Beckmann, lord mayor of Wurzburg; and Paul Beinhofer, Lower Franconia District president, who also spoke during the ceremony.
(Spc. Stephen Baack is assigned to the 1st Infantry Division.)
Related Site:
1st Infantry Division [http://www.1id.army.mil/]
NOTE: View the original version of this web page on DefenseLINK,
the official website of the U.S. Department of Defense, at


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A transparent attempt ... to be efficient.
Last spring, for example, Microsoft General Counsel Brad Smith publicly called for open disclosure of the real party of interest in patent ownership, and soon after, Microsoft led by example, publishing online a freely available list of its 40,000-plus patents, all searchable by title, number, country and name of the entity to which the patent has been assigned. In December, Intellectual Ventures (IV) made a similar move, releasing a searchable list of 33,000 patents (or more than 80 percent of its holdings), a shift from its earlier position that its patent holdings were confidential information.
"Lack of transparency has always been seen as a negotiating advantage. There are signs, However, that this mindset is changing."
This is a significant and welcome change in attitude by two leading licensors. Whether or not the shift at IV was driven by public policy, it does represent economic common sense. The fact is that lack of transparency isn't a useful negotiating advantage for licensors and, as Microsoft recognized, transparency can actually facilitate licensing.
This is especially true for negotiations between patent holders and larger, more sophisticated companies. When I was running global IP at Cisco, would-be licensors often claimed they had a "large pile" of patents that they claimed we also infringed (supposedly worth tens or hundreds millions of dollars in license fees), but they disclosed specifics about as few of those patents as possible. In response, we always insisted on the identification of the actual patents we were being asked to license and justification for the payment demands.
Cisco, of course, had the expertise to run its own prior art searches and analyze patent claims to determine the strength of those patents. If a potential licensor kept its patents hidden, we had the resources to insist on seeing specific patents and/or ferret them out on our own. It could be expensive in the short term, but over the long run it helped us avoid unnecessary licenses and unreasonable terms!
For smaller companies, of course, it's harder to fight back and/or deal with a licensor who won't readily disclose. So while lack of transparency can be a negotiating advantage here, it generally doesn't make a lot of economic sense to exploit it, as smaller companies, by definition, represent smaller license revenues.
It appears that some larger patent owners and licensing entities may be starting to recognize this. Patent owners are often reluctant to disclose not only specific patent holdings but also the true owners behind I he assets. Obviously, knowing both would help a potential licensee decide whether it needs to take a license to the portfolio and, perhaps just as importantly, what amount to pay (and how to negotiate and/or litigate). This is a good starting point, but beyond these basic attributes, it is beginning to be possible to itemize other patent valuation attributes--everything from detailing prior art to disclosing existing license terms to reporting any previous costs of litigating the patent in question and/or comparable assets.
This data has historically been almost impossible to ascertain. In recent years. RPX has gleaned data from operating company licensees to build an increasingly broad database of patent litigation and license transactions. This, coupled with greater transparency from patent owners, could greatly streamline the current patent licensing process by moving it out of the courtroom and into the marketplace. It could also spur real steps toward ensuring patents more accurately reflect the value of the patented invention rather than the hold-up costs of litigation.
These are positive trends for all users of proprietary technology, especially smaller companies that are at a disadvantage in licensing negotiations and litigation. It's our collective responsibility to maintain this progress toward greater transactional fairness and efficiency.
By Mallun Yen
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MaRS Winter Intensive – Validation
February 5, 2016 @ 8:30 am - 1:00 pm$300
Winter Intensive Program – 8 Week Validation
Get tools, mentoring and peer feedback to help as you roll up your sleeves and develop strategic components for your business. Our intensive program combines three workshop series (The MarCom Toolkit, The B2B Sales Process, & Pitching to Investors) and runs weekly on Fridays from 8:30am-1:00pm.
It's a great opportunity for highly motivated entrepreneurs to take their startup to the next level! Innovation Factory clients are entitled to a refundable deposit.
*Innovation Factory clients: Be sure to register under the "ONE Client Refundable Deposit" if you register after November 6


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The Line Up consists of 12 new tracks exploring and expanding the boundaries of contemporary jazz. Together, the odd metered time signatures, key changes, rhythm variations, polyphony, improvisation and tempos are overcome by the band as they weave in and out of these original compositions by Richman. On three of the tracks Richman, Forman, Taylor and Taba take artistic liberties into their own hands with their shared composition of jam tracks It's All One," Square Root" and Right Here, Right Now." While recording, Richman imposes challenges on himself and the band to grow and capture a bigger audience;
to include them in on the musical journey. There is an inherent sense throughout the CD that gives the listener the impression that Richman and the band want the listener to experience the same fun, challenges, joy, conflict and sorrow as they do when performing. It's not forced and it happens organically, as if each song is a conversation. The melody masquerades as the topic, ideas get passed around between the artists and the audience is allowed to eavesdrop; the invisible barrier between talent and audience being removed.
Guitarist Jeff Richman has enjoyed success on the jazz scene for nearly 35 years. His guitar playing is cited as tasteful and articulate, with room to breathe. He is recognized by and associated with the other luminaries of the fusion and contemporary jazz. His guitar is heard the world over. On this new release, his tone rises above with something unique that can't quite be described. It is the impression of a bare bones approach that has simplified his tone but made it gigantic. He uses his go to Fender Strats and Teles, a Jim Hall Sadowsky, a silver faced Marshall Jubilee but this time there is something else in the water.
Throughout his career, Richman has recorded and performed with the crème de la crème of talent. He has discovered and forged a solid rapport with each member of the band. Now he successfully brings them together to form one cohesive unit that seems untouchable on this recording. As Richman sums it up, This is the band. This is what I've wanted to achieve. I know I can go anywhere in the world with these guys and it will be an amazing time for us and the fans. It feels good, it sounds good, and I can't wait to take this show out on the road."
Jeff Richman and Chatterbox The Line Up track listing:
The Line Up (4:46)
Window to the Heart (3:30)
Rule of Thumb (4:24)
It's All One (Jam #1) (5:45)
Hat Trick (5:16)
Cross My Heart (5:57)
Once More Twice (6:14)
Square Root (Jam #2) (4:23)
Smoke Ring (5:03)
Point of You (4:47)
Right Here, Right Now (Jam #3) (5:22)
Window to the Heart (reprise) (2:33)


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We're pretty picky here at S&F specifically with the men we date, the friends we keep, and the people we choose to feature on our blog. But like many of the other amazingly talented Iranian Americans doing big things– Ashley Momtaheni is truly one of a kind. There aren't a lot of people out there who are wildly successful, but manage to stay incredibly sweet, easy to talk to, and truly courageous.
I walked away from this interview feeling like I had actually learned something– just hearing about the lessons that Ashley's learned through her experiences and her accomplishments is jaw dropping. I literally hung up the phone with her and felt a sudden urge to go save the world (I obviously didn't, but you get what I'm saying). The best part? Ashley got one step closer to her dream job after our interview with a new position at Warner Brothers and S&F couldn't be happier for her. We wish Ashley all the best and hope that you joonies walk away from this interview as awestruck as I was.
– Tell me about yourself…
I was born and raised in New York. I grew up in a town called Scarsdale, which is 25 minutes outside of Manhattan. I'm a halfie- my father is Persian and my mom is actually this 5 foot 10 blonde hair, blue eyed "glamazon" woman. I have a brother who's five years older.
The experience I had growing up partially in Manhattan opened my eyes and allowed me to learn about the Iranian culture in a different way.
I grew up very close with my father's side of the family. Most of our relatives- his siblings- have moved to the U.S. since the Revolution. They're scattered between Florida, DC, Virginia and New York. I always had a strong connection with that side of my family and then this extended family that consisted of people my father knew when he was growing up in Iran. They came here together to study and work– they've been like aunts, uncles, and cousins — I grew up with their kids.
I learned about my Iranian culture through this extended family, as well as my family on the East Coast.
Although, I didn't grow up in a fully Persian household — I was still immersed in the culture. My mother can cook Persian food better than my dad can. It was awesome to see my mother adapt to the culture.


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Hi All,
The merge window for 4.15 is open! Here is the first alpha for the X5000 and X1000.
Download: vmlinux-4.15-alpha1-AmigaOne_X1000_X5000.tar.gz
I successfully tested the first alpha on my AmigaOne X1000 today. I also tested it on my AmigaOne X5000. Unfortunately it doesn't boot on my AmigaOne X5000.
Could you please test it on your AmigaOne X5000?


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Outdoors folks seem to continually face natural obstacles that give them plenty of excuses for slow fishing days. Sometimes it is too cold, and at other times it is too hot. Then comes the too windy days and then the thunderstorms. All of these things do make conditions uncomfortable for the anglers. At least it does for most folks. There are others, however, who seem to score well no matter what nature seems to put in front of them. I've long believed in the old saying that 10 percent of the fishermen will catch 90 percent of the fish. There are times of the year when there will be novice anglers that will catch outsize fish. We are now into that time of year when largemouth black bass in fresh water and speckled trout in saltwater are moving into shallow water. Whenever this spawning situation takes place, the fish are vulnerable. Anyone that is able to cast a lure near their nests or their feeding areas might score big.
Whenever the bass are in a spawning mode, spinner lures seem to be great attractions. Many of those lures are semi-weedless and may be cast near the bank or brush. Colors are usually the angler's choice, but it is a good idea to pay attention to the water clarity when choosing a lure. My color choices are chartreuse, yellow, black and such colors in off-color water. In clear water, chartreuse is still a good choice, but white and other brighter colors do well.
Plastics are also great choices right now. Plastic worms or lizards that are pumpkin seed, watermelon or one of the other new similar colors are good choices. Whether to rig them Texas style, Carolina style or weightless depends upon where you plan to use them. A Whacky rigged worm with a small headless nail in the head cast near brush can get quick results in 3 to 6 foot deep water right now.
Keep in mind that all of the bass on any given body of water do not spawn at one time. They seem to go in waves. Some of the roe-laden females do not even spawn each year. For whatever reason, they do skip a year from time to time. I've also never been able to get a definite answer as to what age that bass become too old to reproduce.
There has been an influx of the small Kentucky spotted bass in to the sandy points on Sam Rayburn. The fish battle hard and are great on the table if you can catch one that is of legal size. They do take red or red tipped lures readily. You can identify them by the small dark rough spot on their tongue's tip.
Whenever the winds are blowing hard and the storms are threatening, stay on shore. Should there not be too much wind and no lightening, then head for an area on the upwind side of the lake. Many times when the barometer is falling and you are in a safe fishing area, the action is second to none. Just don't over do it and get caught in a storm. Believe me, it is just not worth it.
On the saltwater scene during the changing of the seasons, the action might be different from day to day. Since the fish are now on the move and following the bait, have several spots in mind before heading out. The larger speckled trout seem to still be along the shorelines, but the good solid keeper specks have become more active out over the reefs. There are a lot of shrimp and small shad in the bays and inland lakes now. Since the big fish prefer larger prey, they go wherever that bait is. Those fish under 5 or 6 pounds seem to gorge themselves on small shad and shrimp; therefore, they will also be where that food source is. There is a very large crop of glass minnows this year, and the predator fish love them. That includes flounder. According to all reports, this has been a much better spring for the flat fish than several previous ones. In my opinion, there will always be fat and lean years for all creatures. It's called keeping things in balance.
The problem with springtime in the saltwater has been wind. In the open water areas, a little wind goes a long way. We have had more than a little wind this year. There will be thunderstorms or squalls coming also. Be aware of extreme weather conditions and plan your trips accordingly. There are a lot of specks, reds, flounder, sheepshead and other fish around right now. The action will continue to improve. Just keep an eye on the sky and have a safe trip out.
Tune in to KSET 1300 at 6 p.m. on Thursdays for Billy Halfin Outdoors and listen to The updates daily at 7:25 a.m., 12:25 p.m. and 6:25 p.m.
[1] http://theexaminer.com/features/outdoors


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There are so many strange versions floating around about what publishers do and don't do. I think it's time to give a sort of overview of the process.
1. Acquisitions
Acquisitions editors are in charge of finding new manuscripts/proposals for the publisher. There are a few ways your work may end up in front of an acquisitions editor:
-The slush pile. This is the term for unsolicited manuscripts. If you mail a publisher a manuscript or proposal that they haven't requested, some of them will just mail it back to you unread. Others will pile it up in their offices until a reader gets around to checking it out. This can take anywhere from days to many months.
-Request from a query. If you send an editor an e-mail or letter about your book, the editor may request sample chapters (a "partial"), the whole manuscript, or (in the case of nonfiction books) a book proposal. Now your work isn't "unsolicited" anymore-- it's solicited. Solicited work tends to get read faster than unsolicited work, but it can still be several months before you get a decision.
-Through an agent. Your agent can get your work read fast if he/she has any clout. Publishers trust agents to bring in projects that are appropriate and of high quality. Particularly if you write novels, it's to your benefit to have an agent. Real agents don't charge you anything upfront-- they take a commission from your advance and royalties (15%, usually).
-Recommendation or personal meeting. An author may recommend you to his/her editor, or you might meet the editor at a conference or workshop. This puts you into the "solicited" category.
You don't need an agent to submit to most publishers.
I have never heard of an editor just mailing someone a contract-- the editor will call you or e-mail you to tell you that he or she is interested.
At most publishing houses (except the very smallest), the editor will have to pitch the book at an editorial meeting. The editorial board (or the publisher alone) will say yes or no. The marketing people do their projections to see how much profit they think the publisher could make, and what the budget should look like. They research competing books and figure out how well they sold. They may suggest a new title. Then the editor makes an offer. You or your agent go back and forth negotiating until everyone's happy. You sign the contract and get the first part of your advance. (Advances are typically paid in 2-4 parts.)
2. Developmental Editing
Now you have an editor. If you sold the book based on a proposal or partial, the editor may advise you about what direction he/she wants the book to take, the word count, etc.
You are NOT expected to hire an editor before you submit your work. You are not expected to pay anyone anything. The editor (hired by the publisher) will work with you, making substantive suggestions. The editor may point out where the plot is getting too hairy or complicated, where things are dragging or getting confusing, a character that needs to be cut or better developed, etc. You work back and forth with the editor until you're both happy with the substance of the book.
3. Copyediting
Then it goes to the copy editor, who works on grammar, spelling, continuity, fact-checking, etc. You will have a chance to review the copy editor's work. The copy editor may have several questions for you marked on the manuscript. If you disagree with any of the copyedits, you can mark "stet" next to the copy editor's marking. ("Stet" means "let it stand.")
4. Proofs
Then it goes to layout, then proofreading. At this point, your manuscript is laid out just how it will be when it's printed. The proofreader checks for last-minute typos and formatting errors (A-heads that should be B-heads, widows and orphans, wrong italics, tables in the wrong spot, etc.). You get the proofs (also called galleys/gallies) and this is your last chance to review before the book is printed. If your book cover hasn't been finalized yet, it should be now.
5. Publicity
Now's when your publicist should swing into high-gear. You've probably already filled out a questionnaire by this point detailing any publicity avenues open to you, your speaking experience, your travel plans, etc. The publicist will write a press release, go over a list of where to send advance review copies (the major trade magazines such as Publishers Weekly, Kirkus, Library Journal, etc. get them first), ask you if you want to do local book signings, figure out publications and media venues likely to feature you and make contact, etc.
When people complain that publishers "don't promote" their books, what they usually mean is that they rarely send authors on tours anymore, and they rarely take out ads in papers, magazines, or TV. Simple reason: They typically don't pay off. Imagine paying for an author to fly around the country and stay in hotels, only to find that no more than a dozen people show up at these signings. Imagine paying big bucks for an ad and finding that it sells two copies. Much more important are reviews, interviews, speaking engagements, bookstore placement, etc.
Your book's cover art and description will go into the publisher's seasonal catalog, which then gets sent out to bookstores and libraries. The distributor's sales reps pitch the current season's titles (and any backlist titles that the publisher wants to draw attention to) to the bookstore buyers. The sales reps tell the buyers about any planned publicity-- buyers are more likely to order the book if they know it has a big publicity budget or the author has guaranteed media mentions coming up.
The buyer places orders. The publisher decides whether or not to pay for front-of-the-store placement. Those books you see stacked on tables in the front of the store aren't there by chance-- they're there because the publisher paid for those spots!
The publisher also decides whether to invest in direct mailings (postcards, usually), Amazon promotions, a launch party, etc.
6. Exploiting Other Rights
If the publisher kept these rights, they will attempt to sell the book rights to overseas publishers, book clubs, film companies, etc. You will each get a share of the money. If you kept these rights, you or your agent can work on selling them.
7. And So On
Your publisher may enter your book in contests, put an ad for you in Radio Television Interview Report or similar guest-finder services, bring your book to book fairs, seek out "special sales" (bulk sales to corporations or organizations), offer your book as a giveaway in contests, and other such ongoing promotions. Generally, your publicist will have a limited window of time (3-6 months) when your book is actually on the "top of the pile"-- then the publicist needs to concentrate on other books. But even years later, you can still ask the publicist to send someone a review copy, send you flyers to bring to a speaking event, etc.
All the above is based on my experiences. I have written for the following companies, listed in approximate order from smallest to largest: Moo Press, JayJo Books, Mason Crest, Nomad Press, Hunter House, Lyons Press, Adams Media, Andrews McMeel, McGraw-Hill, Penguin Putnam, and Simon & Schuster.
Okay, other published authors and editors, what did I leave out? Anything else you want to add?


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Brentwood Mah Jongg Club
Event box
Brentwood Mah Jongg Club
All Mah Jongg players are welcome to attend! Bring a set if you have one.
Free program.
If you are interested in a Free Lesson, email firstname.lastname@example.com and she will connect you with the person who gives lessons. Thanks!
- Date:
- Monday, July 1, 2019 Show more dates
- Time:
- 12:30pm - 3:30pm
- Location:
- Meeting Room B
- Categories:
- Adult Crafts & Fun
Event Organizer
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Brigid Day


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A soft, non-abrasive substrate for all types of reptiles (Not suitable for Amphibians).
Better than non-absorbent astro turf type carpets, which are made of plastic and can irritate the animals underside, ultimately leaving the animal susceptible to bacterial build up and infection..
Comes two per package for easy cleaning maintenance
Double pack means you can use spare while soiled carpet is being washed.
Available in Green, Brown or Gray. We will send a random colour unless you have a preference, in which case please ask in the comments section when you get to the checkout page.
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In a recent post on the SlideShare blog, Olivia Mitchell gave some helpful tips on giving an effective, informative presentation with slideshow tools. These days, there are may different tools available to create and present a slideshow– SlideShare, PowerPoint, and Prezi, to name a few big ones. However, some still struggle with creating an engaging, effective presentation that really gets across to their audience. Mitchell explains that a presentation works best if it combines g00d graphic design as well as good instructional design. In other words, the right combination of information and visual appeal presented in the correct way. Below are four specific tips she offers, to get you started with making any slideshow presentation better:
- "Use words and graphics" – it's very important to use a good mix of text and graphics. The fact is, humans enjoy visuals. Don't give a presentation full of text that you will at some point review orally anyways. Use a picture or graph to show information whenever you can. Of course, you shouldn't just use graphics either. Give your audience a little text to guide them through points or present hard facts to them.
- "Don't use pictures which aren't 100% conceptually relevant" – when you use graphics that aren't relevant to the presentation, you are sending your audience an invitation to get off track. Rather than paying attention to the information you are currently presenting, they'll probably be more focused on figuring out what the image has to do with your slide's content. Mitchell explains that "this tends to happen when you know you should add a picture but can't find quite the right one – so you settle for something less". Make sure the picture you choose is both relevant and visually interesting to help your audience digest information more smoothly.
- "Present words as audio rather than onscreen text" – depending on which slideshow tool you are using, you may have the option to add audio to your slides. According to the post, 64 percent of students found presentations that used graphics with audio more effective than presentations that used graphics with text. This is a great chance to add personality to your presentation, but it's important you also cut down on the amount of text you put onscreen–you don't want to give the audience too much information at once. Try using SlideCasts with SlideShare, or adding narration to your PowerPoint.
- "Use a 'virtual coach'" – create a "host" for your presentation that the audience can be guided by. Keep your guide consistent, and check back with them after every group of slides or big points. Mitchell suggests that the presentation may feel more like a conversation to audience members this way.
Here is a great example of an effective text-and-visual presentation:


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National Statistics
Feed in Tariff commissioned installations: May 2017
Cumulative installation numbers and capacity of schemes under 5MW installed in Great Britain.
Cumulative count and installed capacity of all installations deployed via the Feed-in Tariff scheme. Statistics are shown for GB, broken down by technology, size band and data source.
Published 29 June 2017


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Glacier Bay RV, formerly North American Traveler in Elkhart, Ind., has moved into a new 22,000-square-foot factory in a small industrial park on the north side of Goshen, Ind., and has begun marketing Glacier Bay fifth-wheels (shown at left) factory-direct.
"We are trying to get a fresh start," said Stan Imboden, co-owner of Glacier Bay along with partner Jack Bell. "We are just starting to get rolling here."
Imboden and Bell, both investors in North American Traveler, took over control of the company in August. The renamed, 10 employe-firm moved into the Goshen plant Oct. 1.
The two decided to sell Glacier Bay fifth-wheels factory-direct because of the challenging economic environment that caused more than half of 3-year-old North American Traveler's 40 dealers to close, Imboden said.
"In a normal environment, you send your sales guys out to get new dealers, but there's no way for a company as small as we are to compete with larger manufacturers that are offering their own wholesale financing," Imboden said. "We had to come up with something that worked for us.
"We've had people who say they like to buy from a factory because it doesn't do any good for them to buy from a dealer that's going to go out of business."
Fiberglass-and-aluminum Glacier Bay fifth-wheels are available in six 34 1/2- to 38-foot floorplans with few options for retail prices from $46,000. A 2011 quad-slide model will be introduced in mid-January.
"We incorporated luxury options in the standard price," Imboden said. "We only have about 10 options, which makes it very easy for customers to order a unit."
Glacier Bay also plans to introduce a sport utility RV (SURV) and a 28 1/2-foot traditional fifth-wheel floorplan designed to be used without a slider hitch in short-bed pickup trucks.
Because there is no dealer from which to obtain service, a five-year outside service contract is included with each coach, Imboden said.


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A seven year old student says he got suspended from school over breakfast.
According to him and his dad, a teacher said he turned his toaster pastry into a gun.
Academics are hard for josh who suffers from A.D.H.D., but he excels in art class.
But that creativity may have gotten josh into trouble at park elementary school, when he was munching on a breakfast pastry.
"It was already a rectangle and I just kept on biting it and biting it and tore off the top and it kinda looked like a gun but it wasn't." says Josh Welch, the student who was suspended.
Josh admits he was trying to shape it:
"All I was trying to do was turn it into a mountain but it didn't look like a mountain really and it turned out to be a gun kinda."
When his teacher saw his strawberry tart... "She was pretty mad, and I think I was in big trouble."
Then Josh's dad was called.
B.J. Welch, Josh's father, explains, "And she said that they had to suspend Josh for two days because he used his breakfast pastry and fashioned it as a gun."
School officials would not comment on the case, citing privacy reasons.
But Josh's dad says he was told his son also said the words, 'bang bang' while holding that breakfast pastry and that constituted a threat.
"I didn't say bang, bang, I just pointed up at the ceiling." Josh says.
A letter went home with students which explain the incident where "a student used food to make inappropriate gestures."
Reacting the situation, Josh's father says, "I would almost call it insanity. I mean with all the potential issues that could be dealt with at school -- real threats, bullies, whatever the issue is. It's a pastry."
Now josh just wishes he could go back to class, and he wants his pastry back.


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Unionized Beaufort County bus drivers voted 93-2 on Monday to authorize a strike if contract negotiations with private contractor Durham School Services fail, according to the Teamsters.
The authorization followed votes in Charleston and Dorchester school districts in recent weeks to walk if talks expected to resume Tuesday break down.
The Teamsters Local 509 represents about 620 drivers employed by Durham in Charleston County, Summerville County and Beaufort County, where about half of the 190 drivers and monitors under the company are union members.
Beaufort County isn't part of those talks but has received assurances from Durham that the company has a contingency plan that includes bringing in drivers from other states as well as intensified recruitment of drivers in South Carolina, said District Spokesman Jim Foster.
Although talks over the weekend didn't lead to a deal, Foster said he considers another round of negotiations an encouraging sign.
"As long as contract negotiations continue, we're going to remain hopeful that we can make a deal," he said.
Neither side has talked about terms or demands in the negotiations.
Durham is a subsidiary of National Express Group, a multinational based in the United Kingdom and the second-largest provider of student transportation services in the U.S., according to the Teamsters. The district paid Durham $7.2 million in 2012 for transporting its 11,000 students who take the bus each day to and from school while also handling field trips, athletic team travel and other activities.


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Grand Finale of Ferrari 20 Years in China
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the first Ferrari officially imported into China. To commemorate this historic milestone and reinforce the ongoing commitment to the Chinese market Mr. Luca di Montezemolo, Chairman of Ferrari, along with Mr. Edwin Fenech, Ferrari Greater China CEO, attended the 10th China (Guangzhou) International Automobile Exhibition and Ferrari Grand Festival in Guangzhou.
The finale kicked off at the Guangzhou international auto show, where the F12berlinetta -the most powerful high-performance V12 ever built by Ferrari, made its first public appearance in Southern China. In line with the philosophy of 'Different Ferraris for different Ferraristi', the complete range of new-generation models were showcased. At the press conference Luca di Montezemolo emphasized the importance of the Chinese market: "20 years in China is just a beginning, I am delighted with our achievements here. I'd like to thank everyone who has shared their passion and dreams with us. With all the support we have, I firmly believe Ferrari will continue to grow together with China."
F12berlinetta's new, 200-bar direct-injection 6262cc 65° V12 engine delivers unprecedented performance for a naturally-aspirated 12-cylinder. It punches out a maximum of 740 CV at 8250 rpm, with a specific power output of 118 CV/l and maximum revs of 8700 rpm, record figures for this type of engine. Responsiveness and strong pick-up is guaranteed by maximum torque of 690 Nm, 80 per cent of which is readily available at 2500 rpm. With a Fiorano lap time of just 1'23'', 0-100 km/h acceleration in 3.1 seconds and 0-200 km/h in 8.5 s, the F12berlinetta is the most high-performance road car in Ferrari history.
The FF – Ferrari's first four-seater, four-wheel drive V12 GT car is a revolutionary model that opens up a whole new chapter for Ferrari. The FF offers a completely new take on the sporting Grand Tourer theme with a Ferrari-patented 4RM (4wd) system.
The California 30 – the '30' in the name referring to the reduction in weight and increase in horsepower introduced on the model earlier this year – is aimed at owners who put more store in greater versatility of use.
The coupé and the Spider versions of the 458 are also on display, powered by the V8 that has won the Best Performance Engine Award for two consecutive years, and are designed for owners seeking a sportier driving experience.
The day-long celebration continued with a Ferrari city parade. Over 130 Ferraris from all across China cruised over a 7-kilometre route that passed by many interesting sites and city landmarks. A number of important classic models took part, including Dino, Daytona and Daytona Spider, 275 GTB, 288 GTO and 365 GTC. When the parade stopped at Haixinsha Stadium, which hosted the highly successful 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games, thousands of Ferrari fans, VIP guests and spectators gathered together to enjoy spectacular performances, highlighted by the 458 Challenge demonstration which was performed by Gianmaria Bruni, former F1 driver and world champion of the 2012 World Endurance Championship. In the evening the celebration ended at the famous Canton Tower which was illuminated in red to honour the brand.


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July corn and wheat fell sharply while soybeans finished slightly higher. July wheat closed 23 ¼ cents lower at $6.56 ¾ while July corn closed 16 cents lower at $5.62 ½. July soybeans settled 4 ¾ cents higher at $13.86 ¾.
The majority of this weakness came during the day session after the dollar made its way to positive territory. We also had CIF basis declining slightly for corn and increasing for soybeans as the day went on. Weather is expected to cool off with additional rain later this week and the market is welcoming the relief.
At the end of the day front month corn settled at a new low level we haven't seen since December of 2010!
Last week the market was shocked by how high the ratings were for corn. This has weighed on the market ever since as the high that Monday was $5.49 ½ (December) and now we are back down to $5.17 ½. Today's crop progress shows the corn rating at 73% which is down 4% from last week. Corn also came in at 92% emerged compared to the 5 year average of 69%. The rating drop and percent emerged were both in-line with expectations and aren't very definitive for trade direction tonight. Soybeans are now 89% planted and 61% emerged which is well ahead of schedule. Wheat dropped another 4% in the good – excellent categories and is at 9% harvested.
For now we want to continue to watch the weather forecast for any changes. If you would like a free trial of the EHedger research please click on the link below. To discuss opening a futures/options account please contact EHedger at 866-433-4371. Thanks have a great rest of the week!
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