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HIV/AIDS News
Third Annual HIV Vaccine Awareness Day Honors Volunteers, Promotes Research
"The epidemic is not over. Many of my friends and their families have suffered from the effects of HIV/AIDS. I want to do more. This way my support continues on."
-- an HIV vaccine study volunteer, St. Louis, MO
Communities around the nation will sponsor a variety of activities on May 18 for the Third Annual HIV Vaccine Awareness Day honoring thousands of volunteers in 53 cities who have literally rolled up their sleeves to receive one of 28 different experimental vaccines to prevent HIV.
The activities are also designed to help people understand why a vaccine would be the best way to stop the spread of HIV, what it will take to develop an effective vaccine, and how ordinary people can be part of the international effort to find a way to prevent HIV from ravaging their communities.
"Development of a preventive HIV vaccine remains the top HIV research priority of the National Institutes of Health," says Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). "We are all indebted to the individuals on the front lines who volunteer in the effort to find a safe and effective HIV vaccine to fight AIDS. We are encouraged by the increasing support of various communities throughout the nation to promote HIV Vaccine Awareness Day."
Every day, an estimated 16,000 people worldwide are infected with HIV. Approximately 1,600 of these infections are in children younger than 15 years old.
HIV Vaccine Awareness Day activities will be held throughout the United States. This year's events emphasize educational and outreach efforts at various vaccine research sites supported by NIAID.
Johns Hopkins University Center for Immunization Research and Morgan State University Public Health Program will hold a free all-day community conference and town meeting at the Baltimore Urban League. Debra Frasier Howze, president of the National Black Leadership Commission on AIDS, will give the keynote address. Other speakers include Nancy Kass, ScD, of the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, who will talk about the ethical considerations in HIV vaccine research. The event will close with a town meeting hosted by Rena Boss Victoria, DPH, from Morgan State University, and moderated by A. Cornelius Baker, executive director of the Whitman-Walker Clinic in Washington, DC.
The New York Blood Center in New York City will engage the community in discussions about AIDS vaccines as well as about other methods of HIV/AIDS prevention. Verna Eggleston, executive director of the Hetrick Martin Institute, will be the featured speaker. The event will also include entertainment, food and educational activities at North General Hospital in Harlem at 6:00 p.m.
Howard Brown Health Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, and the Chicago Center for Clinical Research will hold a community forum to increase public support, community awareness, and retention in the VaxGen trial and vaccine trials in general. The importance of future HIV vaccine trials will be discussed by John Curd, M.D., of VaxGen and Cathy Creticos, M.D., principal investigator of the Howard Brown Health Center. The event will be held at the university's student union at 7:30 p.m.
Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, in collaboration with Miriam Hospital, will host a forum at the Memorial's Physicians' Auditorium at 8:00 a.m. A personal view of vaccine research as told by a study participant will be a highlight of the program. Other speakers include Kenneth H. Mayer, M.D., principal investigator at Memorial Hospital, and Michelle Lally, M.D., principal investigator of the Miriam Hospital site and assistant professor at Brown University.
In other areas of the country, state, city and local government officials will join community groups in recognizing HIV Vaccine Awareness Day with proclamations and other tributes to honor volunteers. In addition to proclamations, Vanderbilt University will have educational material available as well as a display on HIV vaccines on campus.
University of Washington, Seattle, will send letters of appreciation to vaccine study participants. Media will have access to participants-with their approval-and tours of the university vaccine research laboratories. University of Rochester will run an advertisement in a local newspaper thanking volunteers for their participation.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham is launching SAVE, Supporting Alabama's Vaccine Efforts, which enlists local businesses to promote awareness and prevention of HIV/AIDS by drawing attention to vaccine research and the need for volunteers to participate in HIV vaccine studies.
Since 1987, NIAID has enrolled over 3,400 volunteers in 54 Phase I and II preventive HIV vaccine trials (comprising 35 linked studies) of 28 different vaccines. An additional 6,000 volunteers have participated in the NIAID-supported studies preparing the groundwork for large-scale vaccine investigations and studies of other prevention strategies, including topical microbicides and behavioral interventions. In addition, more than 5,400 men and women have been enrolled in AIDSVAX, the first study to test the effectiveness of a vaccine to prevent HIV. This study is being sponsored by VaxGen, a private company. NIAID is collaborating on ancillary studies of the samples that will be collected.
Together, all of these volunteers have made it possible for researchers to learn how best to evaluate the safety and potential benefit of experimental vaccines and other prevention strategies. They are also helping scientists to better understand the concerns of prospective HIV vaccine trial volunteers.<
NIH will spend an estimated $239 million for AIDS vaccine research in Fiscal Year 2000, which represents a 115 percent increase over FY 1996.
May 18 marks the anniversary of President Bill Clinton's 1997 commencement address at Morgan State University, in which he set a goal to develop an AIDS vaccine within 10 years. On that date, he also announced the establishment of the NIH Vaccine Research Center, a state-of-the-art biomedical research laboratory. The 50,000 square-foot, $30 million center is scheduled to open in the fall of 2000. When the center is fully operational, Gary Nabel, M.D., Ph.D., director, will oversee more than 100 scientists and support staff.
For information about events in specific areas, contact:
- Denver Department of Public Health
Denver, CO
Philip Osteen: 303-436-7098
- Fenway Community Health
Boston, MA
Brian Glaser: 617-927-6024
- Howard Brown Health Center
Chicago, IL
Kellie Dyslin/Michael Cristofano:
- Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, MD
Jennifer Donnelly-Moe: 410-614-6619
Eric Zimmerman: 410-955-2783
- Memorial Hospital Pawtucket, RI
Miriam Hospital
Providence, RI
Louise C. Paiva: 401-729-2323
- New York Blood Center
New York, NY
Beryl Koblin, Ph.D.: 212-570-3105
Denise Goodman: 212-388-0008
- San Francisco Department of Public Health
San Francisco, CA
Reginald Gage: 415-437-4669
- St. Louis University School of Medicine
St. Louis, MO
John Stoneman: 314-268-5448
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, AL
Joy Carter: 205-934-1676
- University of Rochester
Rochester, NY
Shirley Erb: 716-275-5744
- University of Washington
Seattle, WA
David Richart: 206-667-2376
- Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN
Mary Braeuner: 615-343-6957
John Howser: 615-322-4747
For more information about enrolling in vaccine studies, call the AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service at 1-800-243-7012.
To learn more about NIAID's HIV/AIDS vaccine research program, visit http://www.niaid.nih.gov/aidsvaccine . To learn more about clinical trials, Visit http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
NIAID is a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIAID conducts and supports research to prevent, diagnose and treat illnesses such as HIV disease and other sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis, malaria, asthma and allergies. NIH is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Press releases, fact sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on the NIAID Web site at http://www.niaid.nih.gov.


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Technology American Idol Could Hit Small Screen
Science and tech don't require the same skills as singing and dancing, but that hasn't discouraged TV producers from trying to make science and tech reality shows. The next one could be "American Idol for Tech," an idea being kicked around by American Idol judge Simon Cowell and pop star Will.i.am of the Black Eyed Peas.
Few details have been announced, but the show's rumored premise is to find the next great tech entrepreneur, according to the British paper the Sun.
Cowell had some success spotlighting tech entrepreneurs with the show American Inventor, which he produced in 2006 and 2007. And Will.i.am has been an outspoken supporter of science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM, education. He also recently made headlines when his song "Reaching for the Stars" was broadcast from Mars to Earth courtesy of the Curiosity rover.
The success of any show about emerging tech moguls, however, would depend on finding over-the-top competitors with big ideas a la Steve Jobs, Mark Cuban and Larry Ellison. Clearly those people are out there. It's just a matter of getting them in front of a camera.
—Larry Greenemeier
[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

subset: commoncrawl


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By Stephanie Siek, CNN
(CNN) – The recent controversy over Massachusetts congressional candidate Elizabeth Warren's Native American ancestry, where the campaign of her opponent for a senate seat called for her to release documents claiming her Cherokee ancestry, has caused some to ask: What makes someone "legitimately" Native American? And who gets to make that determination?
"Fundamentally, it's the tribe's right to determine who its citizens are and are not. If we don't know (whether someone is American Indian), we can ask the tribe," said Julia Good Fox, professor of American Indian Studies at Haskell Indian Nations University.
Good Fox furthermore points out that citizenship is distinct from ancestry. Tribes have the sovereign right to determine who is and isn't a citizen, just as France and the United States have their own rules about citizenship. Anyone can claim ancestry, but those who do so can't always claim citizenship, Good Fox said.
Determining who is and isn't a member of a tribe can be complicated, and the answers don't always come in a binary form of "yes" or "no." Part of the reason such determinations can be controversial is because tribes' own rules for establishing membership can vary widely.
Many tribes use parentage as a means of defining membership. Known as "blood quantum," the practice defines tribal membership according to the degree of "pure blood" belonging to that tribe. For example, a person with one grandparent belonging to one tribe and three grandparents not belonging to that tribe would be considered to have a "blood quantum" of one-quarter. The minimum amount of blood quantum required can be as little as one-thirty-second (equivalent to one great-great-great-grandparent) or as high as one-half (equivalent to one full-blooded tribal parent).
But it hasn't always been that way, says Renee Holt, a doctoral student at Washington State University who studies cultural studies and social thought in education. Her research of different traditional indigenous tribal practices indicates that most tribes did not use blood quantum as the primary determinant of who was a member and who was not. In the case of the Nez Perce tribe, of which Holt is a member, belonging to the tribe meant you spoke the language and followed cultural practices. One did not necessarily have to be of 100% Nez Perce blood to be part of the tribe – cultural affinity was considered more important.
As an example, Holt mentions her uncle, who was adopted as a boy by her great-grandmother and raised alongside her aunt. The uncle lived among the tribe throughout his life, spoke Nez Perce fluently, had a traditional tribal name, and participated in ceremonies and rituals. He was white – but his skin color didn't prevent him from being considered a member of the tribe. Upon his death, he was given a traditional funeral.
"I just thought that was amazing. How do you tell somebody like that that they're not Nez Perce?" asked Holt.
Good Fox said that using blood quantum as a criterion for tribal membership is a fairly recent concept.
"Blood quantum was imposed upon the tribes by the United States. We never had blood quantum a thousand years ago," said Good Fox, who is herself a member of the Pawnee tribe.
Some historians believe this was a way of diminishing the number of "actual" Native Americans that the government would then be obligated to count when calculating federal money and land disbursed to the tribes. Among some 19th and early 20th century politicians, there was also the hope that eventually, Native Americans would intermarry and assimilate with whites to the point that they would no longer have the power of a cohesive group – and would no longer have a right to land and monetary payments from the government.
"It seems to me one of the ways of getting rid of the Indian question is just this of intermarriage, and the gradual fading out of the Indian blood; the whole quality and character of the aborigine disappears, they lose all of the traditions of the race; there is no longer any occasion to maintain the tribal relations, and there is then every reason why they shall go and take their place as white people do everywhere," said Anthony Higgins, a U.S. Senator from Delaware, in 1895 congressional testimony.
Many tribes began using blood quantum after the passage of the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act, which allowed tribes to establish their own governments. But others continued to define membership in other ways- including by lineal descent (being able to prove that you had an ancestor listed as a member of that tribe, regardless of your actual percentage of tribal blood), residence on tribal lands, knowledge of tribal language and culture, or membership in a recognized clan.
It's an issue that Holt is personally invested in – being one-quarter Nez Perce, she's at the minimum threshold for membership in the Nez Perce tribe with which she is enrolled, according to current rules. Her children are also one-quarter Nez Perce, and if they marry someone outside the tribe, their children – Holt's grandchildren – would be unable to claim membership despite their connection to Nez Perce culture.
"If my children do not have family with a Nez Perce, I won't have any Nez Perce grandchildren," Holt said. "And there's a sadness there, there's a hopeless feeling that it's ending with me; it's going to end with them. I tell my children, 'You must be with a Nez Perce'…When you start thinking like that, you're going crazy."
Good Fox said the popular perception of Native Americans is rooted in stereotypes – the idea that a "real Indian" looks and acts a certain way, and that anyone who doesn't conform to that image is somehow "less Indian." But the truth is more diverse – different tribes can have different physical characteristics, and intermarriage among other ethnic groups mean that Native Americans often have a multiracial background.
"I think people still have this perception that all American Indians look like this image of Plains Indians from the 1800s," said Good Fox. "We don't look like how we would have 200 years ago either, so to expect Indians to look the same (as they did then) makes no sense.
"There's this ignorance about Native American citizenship," said Good Fox. "And what are we learning about American Indians grades K-12? It's all in past-tense, and we don't get a sense of what an Indian today looks like. That can really be confusing to people."
My friend is a tribe member= Native. Lived on the rez in ND and all.
I have Indian blood from both my father and mother. They were from Oklahoma and Arkansas. Always proud of it. However according to history Indians were also immigrants...crossing over the land bridge thousands of years ago. Get on with life! We are all from one race.... The human race.
The Portuguese were masters of the intermarriage and assimilation process throughout all their colonies from Africa to Asia to South America however it was a weaponized social construction that allowed portugal to maintain control for hundreds of years.
I'm American Indian, I can prove it and have never benefited a dime for it. What makes a Native American – being an American Indian and paying the price for having it in your blood. I've been discriminated against for it in school, at work and socially. Thank God that is coming to an end. Now it mainly bigoted racists that do it. American Indians of the past suffered – the Cherokee were arrested by the thousands, herded into camps with no shelter from the weather, held there until the rouundup was completed, then force marched over the Trail of Tears that is hard to walk over even in summer, they did it in the middle of winter and died like flies. Every other Indian tribe was done much the same, herded onto reservations and left to starve when provisions failed to arrive or were bought by Indian agents who pocketed the money they saved by buying poor quality foodstuffs and less of them. Do we owe there descendants – yes. we do. We owe it because it was wrong, and wrongs must be addressed to have a society that wants to live in somewhat of harmony instead of racial division and strife.
Like so many of the early (1736) Scots-Irish families, I have a Cherokee ancestor in the family tree as well. Could I prove it? Probably not. But it is something that both my father and grandfather mentioned with a great deal of pride. And, of course, I share their pride. Does this ancestor make me a Native American? No. It just makes me a typical American.
On the darker side, my great-great- grand uncle was Ulysses S. Grant. He was the man who gave Custer his marching orders. Again, this just makes me a typical American. We are all a blend of the good and the bad of our ancestors.
You claim you have Cherokee in your family tree but you can't prove it I guess that because it was nothing more than a family myth I beat you it was actually someone part black.
Actually there are physical traits that can ascertain whether or not you have Native American ancestry and those would be the shape of the incisors. For Native Americans they are shovel shaped on the inside and of course the high cheek bones but I see that in a lot of other races. But the most indicative is the two small bones found below the tongue and are part of the inside of the jaw. If you have any of these you're most likely to have Native American heritage. BTW I googled this information last night because I was interested in what sets us apart physically.
If you were born here in the United States regarless where your parents are from you are also " Native American". That term needs to be changed to something like " Original Bloodlines from North America" You could do the same for South America as well. If you can trace your family heritage back 600-1000 years before any outside influence from Europe or Asia then I guess that would make you " Original" LOL. Think about it for a minute, how many people are actually PURE Americans from original bloodlines.....my guess would be VERY FEW.
Nobody ever claim they were pure Americans not even actual Native American themselves which refers to indigenous people of the continent. I hear all the time from white people online where they think American refers to one race of people specific white. Apparently these so called White people think they are the real Americans.
As a white colored American I'm a "European American." My ancestors came from Europe. I have a European last name. Yet here in South Korea where I teach English for a living, Koreans call me a "Native American" because I'm white. My fellow American teachers who are black (African American) and Asian (Asian American) are not "native" because they are not white. But as I tell Koreans all the time, I'm not "native" to the U.S. either as my people, white people, came from Europe originally.
Who's a native American? A simple question with a simple answer: anyone born in America, that's who. It's neither complicated nor is it the same question as "Who's a native American Indian".
I am a native American!
Incorrect! I am a native American. I was born here, therefore by definition I am a native American.
Your story sounds a lot like mine.
I am a lot older it guess..I remember being told by children at school when my native American grandmother passed on, that she was native american.. And they told me "If I was I wouldn't admit it, thats as bad as being part N"..
I was stunned..
Talked to my mother who told me my great grandmother had been put in a school to learn white ways. And had for years feared being found out as native american..
But I knew no reason to feel shame. We lived in calif. away from the family.. And I, decided at that point..It was best not to mention it at school again..
It wasn't until the mid 60's when it became "OK" to be native american..
Its a shame how many don't even know their heritage.. Thanks to many native americans never speaking of it.
I would like to point out to the people looking at some of us sideways for not speaking our own tribal languages, the US govt worked very hard to make it that way. It's a slow race uphill to get our language back, my grandparents were both in an orphanage in Spencerville OK where it was definitely NOT okay to speak their language, My grandfather taught me simple words and numbers, but even he couldn't speak anything but halting Choctaw, don't look down your nose, we're trying and we're getting it back.
Exactly! There were fewer than 500 native Numu (Comanche) speakers still alive in 1990. That language has been preserved through the efforts of the Comanche Language and Cultural Preservation Center.
My family was Choctaw and Cherokee, and they DO appear in the removal records, but I can't get my tribal ID without my original birth certificate, which the court won't release. (The state took us and adopted us out to white families). I filed a court case, and although my birth and adoptive parents both consented, the judge refused to release it.
If there is less of us, then the government gets to start cutting back or cutting in on anything that has to do with money. Getting one's ancestry on the native American Indian side is next to impossible because government didn't keep accurate or good records, if any. And, tribal councils won't even consider video or family history records for admitting those that apply to their grand parent's nation. The councils are just as asinine as the government.
My great-grandmother was 100% Apache. Blood-wise, assuming none of my other grandparents or parents have no native blood, that makes me 1/8 Native American. But am I truly? I would have to ask the Yaqui's. Even though I could claim my heritage to gain advantage at the federal level (hiring and educational practices), I have not done so.
Still, I have respect for the tribes, and feel that this earth is big enough for all of us, regardless of racial affiliation.
this point you make as fact is debatable.
Just an observation, when I started touring Mexico a decade ago I visited the south where there is less European blood and was amazed at how many Native Americans there would associate strictly in their own language-we Spanish speakers are so alien to them. It was an amazing experience hearing languages that I couldn't relate to anything else. Contrary to this, in college my friends would invite me to Red Nations clubs to attend and learn Native American culture but it was just a bunch of White people who could not speak any native language and just shared artifacts that had been passed down through the generations. I would have never known they were part of an indigenous group unless they would have told me. I guess I could claim one of Mexico's thousands of ethnic tribes but why? I don't speak an inkling of any native language, know no rituals, and was raised Pentecostal. On top of that, my white friends say I don't look Indian but more European, whatever that means. I guess in this globalized world it gets harder and harder to be anything racially pure-if that in itself matters at all. Just sayin...
Let me amend my statement by saying that racial amalgamation may be inevitable as the world becomes more globalized, but keeping traditions alive is a great thing. Many native american's in Mexico will tell me that their war is not against the white person per se, but against oblivion. The're sad that one day no one will speak their language or know their history.
Very true. This is the global issue. Not color of skin. Do we all not bleed red?
I know who isn't native American.. Elizabeth Warren.
Answer is simple.... 1/8 if you want any casino money.
End of debate.
this comment proves your ignorance – not all tribes have casinos, and even if they do you don't automatically get money. I'm 1/2 Navajo (mother is 100%), born on the Navajo reservation, and we just opened our first casino a couple years ago. Do I get money? NO
Well said Jmie. The fact that many people post comments without educating themselves is beyond me. I'm 100% Navajo and can also say that we don't get money from the handful of casinos that are now open. Many of us work very hard to earn our money.
Im a native american
Been here my whole life
My grandfather was a Scotsman, can I claim the family castle?
Yeah, if you're there u can claim the castle. But natives never left the land
Wow. This is...wow. indians hating indians, white hating indians, blacks hating whites, whites hating asians, liberals hating democrats...go spend a week on an Arizona Reservation. Take your pick...they're all equally crappy. Forgo the tourist destinations, forgo the rentals, forgo the hotels n motels, and by all means avoid the casinos!!! Visit the hospitals, visit the curios on the side of the roads, visit the mogollon rim looking out toward San Fransisco Peaks by Flagstaff, visit with a family of "indians". You'll leave with a new respect for us and I'm almost certain be sure that indians have no buffalo, most hate bead work, most hate silver smithing, we all don't have long hair...and yes we speak english and American history is the same all over.
NDNntheCupboard...where should I go? I have ALWAYS been very interested in going to a reservation to meet the people there. I loved the old culture, but I would really like to just see how life is now, and how the culture has evolved...most people don't realize that your people evolved right alongside ours HAHA but if they were to apply their views of the native americans to our own society then we would still be having civil wars and have slaves and whatnot...obviously would not be a good life, but again where should I go and should I contact the reservation first to maybe setup a family to stay with?? any info would be great...Thanks!
I'm from a culture that doesn't know what the hell it's doing. Seeing this video, I'm moved by the psiason filled faces. We fight with ourselves over budgets and irrelevant politics. Meanwhile, we are making the planet uninhabitable, allowing starvation, poverty. Soon, we'll cause the oceans to rise and millions to migrate or die, THEN we'll decide to do something about it. I believe that aboriginal peoples have some wisdom on the environment. We don't deserve it, but I hope you'll forgive us.
None of you, I take it, have never had the supreme luxury of living on an actual reservation on the ass end of gods nowhere. Reservations adjacent to cities and metro areas do not apply. None who sit in their air conditioned, post modern office have an inkling of what it takes to be a "First nations" person living in this ass backward, consumer driven society we call this melting pot. I am personally insulted by all who would call us beggars, handout takers, drunks, and sub human...I can teach you a life's worth of knowledge if you only took the time to listen.
Again, if you sincerely want to appreciate this "life" and learn something worth learning outside of Beiber fever or flesh eating bath salt addicts, I (only after careful review of your sanity and conversing a bit) implore you to contact me directly (@absilom_az) and i can arrange for you to spend a couple days observing some real indigenous peoples...you'll see our small societies reflects the bigger; showing there are no real differences, other than infrastructure.
cool. I may take you up on it one day. My sister lived on a reservation for a while in montana as a volunteer... but never talked about it...
beautiful. I work in a reserve and I never learned so much. Not only about myself but society. Non-Aboriginals should learn more about native customs and traditions. Whites might even be able to save themselves
"whites might even be able to save themselves" soooo are you saying that the blacks, hispanics, asians, and every other race is out of luck...or are you saying they are all ok, and "whites" was actually a racist term towards caucasians...I mean if blacks are african americans, hispanics are latin-americans, asians are asian americans...then whites should be european americans...right? just making sure your not a races VIVIANE
agreed. I live in Phoenix, my grandparents are 100% Navajo and they still live on the Navajo reservation. They just installed running water in their mobile home. The Navajo reservation is beautiful in its own way, but also wrecked by poverty. The reservations adjacent to big cities are NOTHING like the rural reservations in the 4 corners area of the southwest. I get annoyed a lot by people thinking we all drive brand new vehicles, have free college tuition, and collect casino money.
You are 100% correct, Jmie. Too bad many think otherwise just because they're not willing to accept the truth even if it bites them in the butt.
All you descendents of claims jumpers, do you have a legitimate right to claim tribal ancestry??? NO! That's the problem with categorizing someone according to 'race'; it says nothing of cultural affinity, which is the definition of being native american. No white person would have dared affiliated himself with an 'Injun', so let's not get pedantic today. I think any american who says they are native american without any tribal affiliation only insults these people even more than calling a football team 'Washington Redskins'.
So when the door is opened and you lose you know that you ate your own words. I am with you because I have no whinning in me. Good Luck with your DEFENSES.
I am sick of people demanding "tribal" affiliation based on a govt imposed ideology of ethnic cleansing! What's worse is that its often Native Americans doing it in an effort to deny the descendants (like myself) of our lineage, just cause they want to see themselves as "exclusively" having rights. A friend of mine is a REDERTH denied by bigots in her family's tribe to be a tribal member. Yet she watches as non-lineal adopted kids of NO blood get "tribal membership" because their adopted parents are "real" tribal members. Her father died (a tribal member) now two WHITES live in his tribal house and enjoy his life's work. His sole descendant and her children get nothing because they aren't "Tribal"!
WAKE UP!! This "tribal membership" legal wrangling is wiping out the Native peoples just as much as intermarriages with non-Indians and the alcohol and suicide and ethnic cleansing that has gone on historically! Now Indians are doing it to Indians.
Not counting what happens on rezs between clans and families to deny fellow Tribal members when one group has tribal govt power!
Its a slippery slope designed by a long dead racist government and promoted and cultivated by the people of today! I thank God my great-great-grandmother (a victim of boarding schools) does see the results of her victimization and that of thousands of other kids... as their own people deny and victimize the descendants of the Boarding school abductions.
Native American culture ceased to exist when Congress created a profit motive to being "Native American." As a result, one's heritage is no longer what counts when it comes to being a "citizen" of a tribe. What is important is one's political connections. Where I live, the local tribe has dis-enrolled hundreds of previous members, including tirbal chairman, because some members wanted a bigger slice of the profits from the tribe's casino. Today, Native American tribes act less like sovereign nations and more like Mafia families.
A lively and courteous discussion? Gee, was it something I said/wrote? Well, I know I don't have to go to the DPRK or Havana to be censored. Hmmmmmmmmm.
Now, you get a taste of my ironic life. Being a 21st century "Indian" is not so fun.
It's a tribe's right to determine who its members are, but does that mean the rest of us have to pay for it? Who's for paying higher taxes to support blonde Indians going to university and receiving other benefits?
We are hungry and greatly in need of knowledge about indigenous nations (worldwide). In ancient times, people had invented sustainable ways of existing without polluting the earth. Despite what eurocentric cultures have taught us to believe, woman were a priority, and an important contributing factor to the governing aspect of indigenous nations. Children were revered as vessels of life instead of burdens. What was used up in the environment, was then replaced and replenished.
Today, we need more information about our human past and how our ancestors were able to thrive. History books only serve to teach us of the conquest of humanity.
Hi, all Im an englishman and agree with you all and more I have a great amidration for all the native tribes,people and their cultures .what was done to them and you,s in the past is a total disgrace !!!!!!!!!!!!! I have my 3 yr old son, I have named him Cochise Inde,after the great man himself from the Apache he lives with me in the UK,and is the only UK born with this name on the national data base .just to let you all know even far away we support you.
This issue has plagued me for years. My grandmother is listed on the 1910 Census as Indian along with her brothers and sisters and mother. I am an artist and most of my work is Native American inspired. I am not allowed by law to call my work Native American made because I have been unable to locate her tribal enrollment. However, if a white woman marries an enrolled Native American she becomes enrolled and calls herself Indian. At one time the Smithsonian was interested in my work. However, since I could not provide an enrollment number they would not persue my work any further even though I could prove my Indian ancestry via the federal Census.
Madeline, I wonder if DNA tests would help your proving your native American Ancestry? it seems that we should stop the arguments about enrollment numbers and get right down to blood -lines.
I am willing to bet the difference is that when your people came over fellow settlers and the government didn't commit genocide on men, women and children or breed/rape the native out your people, until my people who were already living here.
I have equal parts Comanche and Tarahumara ancestry. I have indigenous blood, not Native American as defined by any government. I will put my DNA up to anyone's.
Challenge accepted!
I am Mohave, People of the River, I have lived most of my life on an indian reservation.
Clovis Points are European in origin, which means Europeans came here about the same time as Siberians. The ice shelf was further south in the Atlantic, just as in the Pacific. Mohawks and Cherokee are much more European than Asian.
Clovis theory is being challenged by south American and canadian archeologists who suggest idegnouis man has been quite longer just because Americans are arrogant to the fact and will defend that they are always right ,,,.....typical


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July 3, 2015
Colombia Finca La Mesita - raw sugar sweetness and malic to tea-tannic brightness with Asian pear, red raisin, apple, lime-aid, and cinnamon stick. Good for espresso.
Costa Rica Helsar - La Petisa - shows balance in sugar sweetness and bittering cocoa tones with red grape, cherry, and raisin.
Costa Rica Los Crestones Finca Alaska - has a pleasant tartness, cranberry and habiscus, along with sweet flavors of raisin, plum, and oatmeal cookie. Buttery to chocolate tones in the finish.
Guatemala San Diego Buena Vista Yellow Bourbon - balanced sweet/bittersweet tones and structured brightness, highlighted by notes of brisk tea, chamomile herbal infusions, and citrus.
Honduras San Fernando - Rodriguez Pacamara - has an aroma of sweet pipe tobacco and complex sugar browning. It's laden with honey sweetness, dried tamarind and date.
Honduras Santa Elena - Región Cueva Pintada - shows excellent sweetness with counteracting bittering burned sugar, and cocoa powder. Mild fruit flavors are off in the distance and the finish is sweet and clean.
Tanzania Mbeya Iyula Mill Peaberry - Aroma of roasted barley and Assam tea, with an underlying simple syrup sweetness, and baking spice top notes. Flavors of darker roasts run the range of chocolate liqueur to licorice root.


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JAG report reveals funding formulas for law enforcement awards
The JAG program provides funding for law enforcement and is the single most utilized grant for tools, technology and other critical resources for local police departments
The Bureau of Justice Statistics released a technical report concerning the Justice Assistance Grant Program that describes the formulas used to allocate the state and local JAG awards. The JAG program provides funding for law enforcement and is the single most utilized grant for tools, technology and other critical resources for local police departments. It also provides funding to prosecution and courts, substance abuse prevention and education programs as well as corrections, drug treatment, planning evaluation and technology improvement programs and crime victim and witness programs. In 2012, more than $200 million was available through this grant program.
Program highlights published in this report include:
• The total 2012 allocation for the JAG funding was approximately $295.6 million, of which $288.4 million went to states and $7.2 million to territories and the District of Columbia.
• The five largest total state allocations included California ($32.9 million), Texas ($22.7 million), Florida ($19.5 million), New York ($16.0 million), and Illinois ($12.0 million).
• A total of 1,606 local governments were eligible for awards, either directly or through a joint allocation with other governments within their county. The five local governments eligible to receive the largest awards included New York City ($4.1 million), Chicago ($2.9 million), Philadelphia ($1.9 million), Houston ($1.9 million), and Los Angeles ($1.8 million).
• Three states had around 100 or more local governments eligible to receive award funds either directly or through a joint allocation: California (224), Florida (130), and Texas (98).
This grant is administered through a formula grant process, which means that each eligible jurisdiction funding total was determined by specific parameters based on local data. Your department must demonstrate, through data collection and aggregation, your jurisdiction's level of violent crime. Your data must be uploaded to your state and FBI in order to be included in this grant process. This award process includes four steps:
• Computing an initial allocation for each state and territory, based on its share of violent crime and population (weighed equally).
• Reviewing the initial allocation amount to determine if it is less than the minimum award amount defined in the JAG legislation (0.25% of the total). If this is the case, the state or territory is funded at the minimum level and the funds required for this are deducted from the overall pool of funds. Each of the remaining states receives the minimum award, plus an additional amount based on its share of violent crime and population.
• Dividing each state's final amount at a rate of 60% for state governments and 40% for
local governments.
• Determining local award allocations, which are based on their proportion of the state's three year violent crime average. If a local award amount is less than $10,000, the funds are returned to the state. If it is $10,000 or more, than the local government is eligible to apply for an award.
According to the report, about $288.4 million of $295.6 million was made allocated to the 50 states and the remainder to the District of Columbia. As required by the program, 40 percent of this amount ($115.3 million) was initially reserved for local governments. A total of 1,606 local governments had sufficient number of reported violent crimes to the FBI to be eligible for the awards. The remaining local governments (those without sufficient violent crime data) must work through their state JAG office (SAA) for funding under the balance of the JAG funding allocation of $20.4 million.
In addition the District of Columbia was eligible for $1.8 million and Puerto Rico was eligible for $3.2 million. Guam and the US Virgin Islands were each eligible for a minimum award of $738,950. American Samoa ($95,097) and Guam ($243,854) split the one minimum award.
The population data used to calculate state and territory JAG allocations are from the 2011 census estimates. The crime data used to calculate local JAG allocation amounts are provided by the UCR program. This is why it is very critical for all law enforcement organizations to gather, aggregate and upload all of their UCR required data.
The sum of the UCR violent crimes for all local governments within a state for a given year will not equal the estimated crime total reported for that state published by the FBI. These state-level estimates are based on crimes reported by all state, local and special district law enforcement agencies within a state, plus an imputation adjustment to account for non-reporting agencies and agencies reporting less than 12 months of data for the year. These imputed values do not appear on the electronic data file provided to BJS and are not used in the local award calculations.
For more information concerning this report, the JAG Grant program and the application process to www.bja.gov.
- Tags
- Police Grants


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