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Summary: Cook (1971) The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures
A decision or recognition problem concerns the issue of determining if an element (input string) is in a given set (language).
We want to study the complexity of such problems. We can do this by considering ordinary (multi-tape) Turing machines as well as
non-deterministic Turing machines. There are two main results in the paper concerning propositional logic:
The first states that every problem that can be solved in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine can be reduced to checking whether a given logical proposition expressed in disjunctive normal form is a tautology. In more modern terminology, we would say that checking if a logical proposition in the disjunctive normal form is a tautology is NP-complete. In other words, if we solve the tautology problem, we also solve also all problems in the NP class, namely all problems that can be
solved in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine.
The second result establishes that checking whether a logical proposition is a tautology in its disjunctive normal form has the same degree of difficulty of the following problems:
- checking whether a proposition (expressed in any form) is a
- checking whether a proposition in disjunctive normal form where each disjunct has at most three conjunctions is a tautology;
- given two finite undirected graphs, checking whether the former is isomorphic to a subgraph of the latter.
To sum up, in general, it is a hard problem to determine if a given
logical proposition is a tautology even if it is expressed in disjunctive normal forms. Another consequence is that it is fruitless to develop a polynomial algorithm for solving the subgraph isomorphism decision problem on a deterministic Turing machine: it is isomorphic to the tautology problem.
S. A. Cook, The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures, Proceedings
of the third annual ACM symposium on theory of computing, 1971
Summarizing a Lecture by Von Neumann given in 1948 on the theory of Automata
[Summary written by Patrick Gemmell]
We read The General and Logical Theory of Automata, a lecture given by John Von Neumann at the Hixon Symposium, Pasadena, in September, 1948. (At about 40 pages, we can only assume the talk finished some time in 1949.)
In actual fact, the lecture was fairly entertaining from a historical perspective, and gives some sort of idea of the direction people thought computing, neuroscience, and AI might have been going in 1948.
First off, JVN (John Von Neumann) was keen to argue for an axiomatic black box approach to understanding biology and brains. In particular, he saw brains as collections of about 10 billion black boxes that emitted pulses and behaved in an essentially digital fashion. (The figure for the number of neurons is, as far as we know, roughly correct, though it must be said that neurons are often modelled in more detail, e.g. using the Hodgkin-Huxley model, for which the Nobel Prize was awarded in '63.) Amusingly, JVN described the computer as smaller than the brain "in the sense which really matters," i.e. switching complexity. Today the computer is smaller in both senses (a modern A8 chip from an iPhone has about 1 billion switches) though tomorrow it may be the brain which will be smaller in the "only sense that matters."
JVN also took time to contrast analogous machines (analogue computers, where numbers are represented by physical quantities such as current, rotation, or fluid) with digital ones. According to JVN, the main advantage of digital machines is that they can conduct calculations to whatever precision we design them to, while the analogous machines always have, in practice, a fairly limited signal to noise ratio. On the other hand, JVN pointed out that each step involved in a digital calculation must be correct or else errors can be very large: interestingly, JVN could think of no other human endeavour where the result essentially depends on a sequence of a billion steps. Nor could we, can you? Today most people seem to have forgotten about both of these interesting characteristics of digital computers and merely take them for granted.
In the talk, JVN was prescient about future developments in some ways but missed the mark in others. For example, JVN was clear that it is important to determine the number of steps needed in a computing procedure (a la computational complexity theory) rather than just whether a procedure can be computed in principle (a la computability theory/Turing '36). On the other hand, JVN though that an equally important development would be to take account of the non-zero probability of errors at intermediate steps in a computation. Today, algorithms are usually accompanied by descriptions of their complexity but no one really worries about the probability of failure, as this is taken account of using coding layers, transmission protocols, and hardware redundancy. JVN also thought that there was "no doubt" that one can design self repairing machines though today self-healing computers remain a daydream so that, again, we tend to rely on redundancy more than anything more organically inspired.
Towards the end of his talk, JVN discussed self reproducing automata and neuroscience. This was perhaps the most interesting part of the reading because JVN was opinionated, and may yet be proved right. [JVN's stance seems to reflect his interest in natural science and appears in contrast to Turing's, as well as the major thread of AI that dominated the post-cybernetics/ pre-connectionist eras.] First, JVN thought it unfortunate that computation was so closely connected to formal logic, which he thought of as a rigid, combinatorial field, divorced from the more cultivated area of number and analysis. Second, JVN though that, given biology's success at dealing with abstract concepts, logic and computing would eventually borrow more from neuroscience than neuroscience would from formal logic. While there have been many advances on the logical side of computing since 1948, it does seem that today more excitement is being generated by deep learning or hierarchical Bayesian modelling than is being generated by symbolic AI; certainly, if an undergraduate were asked to solve JVN's example problem of recognising triangles, they would be much more likely to train up a neural network than they would be to think about how to describe the attributes of geometric objects in logical terms. On the other hand, the majority of computing is not (yet!) AI, and logical/discrete techniques developed since JVN's talk support the bulk of the big ideas in the computer science curriculum such as languages, automata, compilers, formal verification, database theory, operating systems, and so on.
JVN's talk finished with a discussion of self replicating machines. Here JVN explained that all one needs to make self replicating machines is (a) a machine that fabricates the machine described on a blueprint, (b) a machine that duplicates blueprints, and (c) a machine that takes a blueprint, feeds it to a manufacturing machine (a), copies it in copying machine (b), and then shoves the newly copied blueprint into the newly minted machine. Here we were finally a little incredulous, and decided that JVN's black box thinking had gone a little too far: now everything interesting was happening inside the black box. Perhaps we should read about the Universal Constructor next
Summary: Russell Impagliazzo (1995) "A personal view of average-case complexity"
[Summary written by Jotun Hein]
This paper cannot be called a classics paper, but it was informative and opinionated and led us to the key papers in the field in no time The paper consists of two quite separate parts:
A – a classification of the computational discrete world into 5 possible countries. I found it a bit pointless and I could not see the relationship between the first 2 countries and the last 3.
ALGORITHMICA. Here NP=P
HEURISTICS here problems are polynomial averaged over all possible data sets of a given size, but intractable worst case.
PESSILAND [Danes might swap E & I] here there are hard average cases but no one-way (encryption) functions
MINICRYPT here one way functions exist, but public encryption is impossible (must mean that the function can be inverted)
CRYPTOMANIA and here public-key encryption is possible.
B goes through the original definition of Average Complexity by Levin. Unfortunately no real example is given on a problem where there is a difference between average and worst case complexity. The ideas are quite understandable. An algorithm can only have average polynomial complexity, if the data sets where it isn't polynomial shrinks sufficiently fast as their size grows. One tricky thing is that complexity is not defined in terms of the algorithms at hand but only in terms of the problem. There are a lot of things not discussed here like how polynomial transformations of a problem to another skews the distribution on the possible data sets.
I think complexity based on distributions would be interesting to pursue in this case: if you generate data from the coalescent with mutation on a finite string. If you have long strings/low mutation rate you are in the perfect phylogeny domain where a linear algorithm exists. If you make mutation rate infinite, you have uniform distribution on all data sets and the worst case complexity is NP-Complete without considering the distribution.
Summary: Shor (1999) Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer
[Summary by Søren Riis]
On the morning of Wednesday 18th of May, a reduced select group met to discuss "Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer," P. W. Shor [1].
Finding the factors of a given large number is a fundamental problem in computing called factoring. Shor's result is that factoring can be solved in roughly n^2 steps on a quantum computer (where n is the number of bits in the number we want to factor). In contrast, factoring requires exponentially many steps on an ordinary computer. A traditional computer is based on bits. Each bit can either be zero or one. A quantum computer instead uses q-bits. A q-bit can either take value zero, one or some superposition of zero and one.The way Shor's algorithm works is that it first converts the problem of factoring into the problem of finding the period of a really long sequence. It is this issue that is the central quantum mechanical part of Shor's algorithm. Once the period is found, the result can then be used to factorise the number.
Public key cryptography, i.e. the RSA algorithm we discussed in a previous meeting, relies on the assumption that factoring is computationally hard. RSA would be rendered insecure if Shor's quantum factoring algorithm could be implemented.
After the meeting, I had some fun writing a simple python program on my laptop that can simulate Shor's algorithm. Maybe at a later stage this program could be turned into a proper teaching tool
[1] P. W. Shor, "Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer," SIAM Rev., vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 303–332, Jan. 1999.
Summary: Rivest, Shamir, and Alderman (1978) A method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-Key Cryptosystems
On the morning of April 27., we convened to read "A method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-Key Cryptosystems" by Rivest, Shamir, and Alderman [1]. The following Summary was written by Mathias C. Cornjäger:
This paper (first published in 1978) outlined the first practicable Public-Key encryption-system. This encryption-system is still in wide use today, and known by the initials of the paper's three authors–RSA.
The paper itself is well written and readable. The first 4 sections give an introduction to the theory of "public key cryptosystems" (an already known concept at the time the paper was written), after which the authors outline their proposed implementation of such a system along with arguments why they think the system ought to be hard to break.
The goal of a "public key cryptosystem" is to establish a protocol for how to exchange private messages between two parties via insecure channels of communication without relying on shared secrets between the two parties or a trusted third party. Such protocols had already been proposed earlier by Deffie and Hellman [2], who elaborated on how a class of encryption- and decryption-functions satisfying a list of four axioms could in theory be used to facilitate private messages and digital signatures. It is worth reiterating that the main contribution this paper made was to give the first example of a class of functions which satisfied these four axioms.
An interesting detail in these first sections which the paper laid out quite clearly, was the difference between authentication and signature of messages. A message sent from Alice to Bob is authentifiable if Bob is able to satisfy himself that the message he has just received was indeed sent by Alice (or at least someone with knowledge of Alice's private key), and that it has not been modified in transit. The same message is regarded as signed only if Bob can convince not only himself, but also a third party (say a judge should a contractual dispute arise), that the message he has received was in fact sent by Alice and that no-one (including Bob himself) could have altered/forged that signed message.
In the proposed encryption-scheme, a public-private key-pair consists of two tuples (e,n) and (d,n), where n is the product of two large primes p and q. If these numbers satisfy the conditions that
- d is co-prime to (p-1)*(q-1), and
- e*d = 1 holds modulo (p-1)*(q-1),
it can be proven that for any non-negative integer M < n the identity ((M^e)^d) = ((M^d)^e) = M holds modulo n. Encryption then consists of exponentiating a number by e modulo n, and decryption in exponentiation by d (again, modulo n).
The proposed method for encrypting a message intended for the owner of the public-key (e,n) is then to encode a message as a number M<n, and from M to obtain the cipher C = M^e (mod n) (if the message is to long, it is broken up into blocks).
This cipher C can then be transmitted, and the intended recipient can decode it by computing C^d = (M^e)^d) = M (mod n). Anyone else who obtains C will have a hard time recovering M, since they don't know d.
Since (e,n) is public, and d can be computed form (e, p , q) using the generalized Euclidian algorithm, the security of the cryptosystem relies on large numbers being difficult to factor (it would otherwise be easy for a third party to obtain p and q from n). The problem of factorizing integers is a well studied problem in number-theory, and no efficient methods of doing so have been developed in the past 300 years (and it is unknown if any exist). With this in mind, the authors argue that the system is unlikely to be broken any time soon.
The last sections of the paper briefly outline proposed algorithms on how to efficiently generate key-pairs, as well as discussions of why other methods of obtaining d from (e,n) can be conjectured to be at least has hard as factoring n.
Next meeting (May 18.) we intend to review Shor's Paper [3] where he proposes a polynomial time factoring algorithm (on quantum computers).
[1] R. L. Rivest, A. Shamir, and L. Adleman, "A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems," Commun. ACM, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 120–126, 1978.
[2] Diffie, W., and Hellman, M. New directions in cryptography. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory IT-22, (Nov. 1976), 644-654.
[3] P. W. Shor, "Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer," SIAM Rev., vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 303–332, Jan. 1999.
Summary: Bell (1964) On the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox
[Summary by Søren Riis]
On Friday 8th April, we discussed the paper "On the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox" Physics 1 (3), 195 (1964) by John Bell, where he introduced what later became known as Bell's inequality.
One of the remarkable features of quantum physics is that a locally realistic theory cannot always describe measurements on spatially separated systems. Correlations that are allowed within the framework of a locally causal theory are usually referred to as classical.
The point is that quantum mechanics does not always result in "classical" correlations, and this can be quantified by the violation of Bell's inequalities. These are constraints that have to be satisfied by any classical correlations.
In the meeting, we went over Bell's paper. I was already familiar with Einstein Podolski Rosen's 1935 paradox (the EPR paradox), and I have also tried to get my head round Bohr's less known response (also from 1935) to the EPR paper. Also, I read various modern presentations of Bell's inequality, but I never read Bell's original paper.
I think John Bell's interpretation of quantum physics is somewhat unclear. In Quantum Gravity 2, pp. 611 (1981) he wrote:
"When the 'system' in question is the whole world where is the 'measurer' to be found? Inside, rather than outside, presumably. What exactly qualifies some subsystems to play this role? Was the world wave function waiting to jump for thousands of millions of years until a single-celled living creature appeared? Or did it have to wait a little longer for some highly qualified measurer — with a Ph.D.?"
Without going into the technical details a (simplified) way to think of the problem is that Alice and Bob are performing measurements of so-called entangled particles at two spatially separated places. The entanglement ensures that there is 100% correlation between Alice's result of a measurement on her particle and the corresponding measurement on Bob's particle, provided they measure the same quantity.
In the setup for Bell's inequality, Alice can choose between 3 measurements A, B and C. and Bob also has a choice between three measurements A, B and C.
Expressed somewhat crudely (and stripping away further details), quantum physics predicts that we can have non-transitivity, so:
- the result of A is strongly correlated with the result of B, AND
- the result of B is strongly correlated with the result of C YET
- the result of A is uncorrelated with the result of C.
To dramatise the "essence" in the situation further, imagine that Alice and Bob repeatedly chose between 2 measurements among A, B and C. After 100s of repeated experiments they notice that
- if they measure A and B they always get the same result;
- if they measure B and C they always get the same result.
But to their utter amazement, they notice that
- if they measure A and C they always get two different (opposite) results.
There have been various attempts to interpret quantum physics to make sense of such "impossible" correlations.
Within the last ten years, Bohr's Copenhagen interpretation has lost its status as the primary interpretation, and an increasing number of physicists support wild interpretations like Everett's many-worlds interpretation.
In my dramatised ERP thought experiment there is no reason to believe Alice and Bob would conclude that they split into different copies of themselves. The way I see the problem (which I think is the essence of the Copenhagen interpretation), it seems more natural that Alice and Bob find that the world as a whole follows some mathematical laws, so even their choice of measurements is a part of this mathematical pattern.
From this view, it is not just the two particles that are entangled. It seems that they would be forced to conclude that their choice of which measurement to perform would be similarly entangled in agreement with some underlying mathematical principles that are constraining the universe as a whole.
Summary: Papadimitriou (2014) Algorithms, complexity, and the sciences
[Summary by Jotun Hein]
On Wednesday February 10th 10AM we discussed Algorithms, complexity, and the sciences by Christos Papadimitriou published in PNAS 2014. (available here)
This is in principle an outlier, since you can't call a review published 2 years ago a classic, but computation is so central to all we do that we felt like discussing this would an ideal way to update ourselves and possibly choose the next CLASSICS to read.
As summarized by Patrick Gemmell (famous unbeleiver and Facebook-denier): Algorithms are analysed in terms of complexity – roughly speaking, the amount of time one may have to wait for the algorithm to produce a solution. In practice, algorithm designers have usually found that the problems their algorithms address fall into two groups – those that can be solved efficiently (polynomial time) and those that are tougher. Though it is technically an open question as to whether all search problems can be solved efficiently (shortest path, partition into pairs, min-cut, Euler path, and linear programming can) it is thought that some problems (e.g. travelling salesman, partition, clique, Hamiltonian path, integer linear programming) cannot. This belief is, roughly speaking, formalized as the P != NP conjecture.
The class NP denotes the class of search problems. P denotes the class of search problems that can be solved efficiently. If P = NP life would be all rainbows and unicorns. (Aaronson has spoken about this science fiction scenario). Probably P != NP and life will remain tough.
People are particularly interested in the NP-complete problems. These problems are the same in the sense that if you can show one of them can be solved efficiently then you can show that they all can, and furthermore that P = NP. (Note, a new tough problem is shown to be NP-complete by providing a reduction – an efficient way of turning the input of one problem into an equivalent input for another; Also note, most problems that have not been classified as P or NP-complete are total, and have the property that a solution must exist for all given inputs e.g. prime factorization.)
Considering complexity leads to some interesting and quite philosophical questions. For example, in economics the notion of Nash equilibrium is often used. Traditionally, rational agents are conceived as playing games and coming to situations whereby all players are doing as well as they can do, given the action of others. Papadimitriou suggests that "because groups of players are supposed to attain this pattern of play in real life, there should be a way to simulate [the equilibrium finding] process on a computer in less than astronomical time." Unfortunately, recent results have shown that finding Nash equilibria is a PPAD-complete problem, and therefore unlikely to be efficiently solvable. So, even if one is willing to accept that economic agents are behaving rationally (and there are plenty of reasons why they might not be) it is not clear quite how agents could be solving the difficult problem of finding Nash equilibrium in general. If algorithmic processes are not able to find a solution efficiently, why should we expect a human being to be able to do so, even if she is supported by an IT department and an army of Oxford educated management consultants? Furthermore, why should we allow economic reasoning that assumes that agents can find Nash equilibria dominate public policy? I'm sure economists have discussed the pros and cons of game theory as a model in great depth, but perhaps not from the computational perspective.
In general, expecting the limitations of a computer apply to nature is a strange idea. Digital philosophers take things to the extreme by hypothesising the universe is a computer. Is the behaviour of nature subject to algorithmic constraints? Should scientific theories be efficiently implementable on a computer before they are taken seriously? This seems rather extreme because, despite its algorithmic universality, a Turing machine is a very particular kind of conceptual device, one that goes through a sequence of states. It's not clear we want to use it everywhere. (Turing '52 did not worry about whether his reaction diffusion systems were efficiently computable on a Turing '36 machine – computers were used to approximate the equations in the '52 paper but we don't remember Turing confusing the world with a computer.) Furthermore, in the case of Nash equilibria, there is an empirical question of whether the particular games agents are supposed to play are necessarily tough to crack. Perhaps they are quite easy? Perhaps we play the same games over and over again, and the solutions are intuitive to us? I wonder if Economists have any idea?
A final interesting aspect of this paper was the discussion of the MWU (multiplicative weight update) algorithm. This very simple algorithm – change the strategy you play in proportion to its past performance and a learning parameter – is apparently able to find solutions to some fairly challenging problems. Moreover, given the standard assumptions of population genetics (weak selection, infinite populations, no linkage, etc.) a computation analysis of the Wright-Fisher equations seems to suggest that idealised populations play a coordination game whose dynamics are described by the MWU strategy. This maximizes the entropy of the allele distributions at a particular locus. This leads to the idea that maintaining diversity is a large part of what evolution is about. The analysis of diploid populations is used as a potential explanation for a discrepancy between theoretical and observed heterozygosity seen in populations.
Again, this application of algorithms does appear to raise some interesting questions. But we are not sure if there really is an excess of heterozygosity – based on our experience of biology we think it might not be so easy to find the appropriate sites to support such conclusions. We also wondered, how, when starting from same assumptions, do population genetics and the computational people come to different conclusions about heterozygosity? One group is wrong or there are some matters of taste involved. To be really happy we want to see the classical approximations and reasoning side by side against the new computational perspective. For this reason we'll probably read Chastain E, et al. (2014) Algorithms, games, and evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111(29):10620–10623 next. Papapadimitriou is a co-author so his photo can stay for some weeks.
It will be 9AM March 9th.


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I emailed a new teacher that recently came into the tech program I'm in. It is a program full of women, and I know the students and especially directors can be very unkind and cut throat.
I know it takes a lot of getting used to, and I don't know for sure if she's been feeling discouraged lately about it, but I reached out to thank her for all the hard work she does for us students. Sometimes you just need to hear that you're appreciated. I hope my email did that.
Women should support women! Not cut them down.

subset: commoncrawl


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Eight great things to do in the Triad: Sept. 28-30
By: Chelsea Daniels-McGirt
1. On Sept. 28 in Greensboro, come and check out one of the most popular laser light shows around! Laser Pink Floyd: Dark Side of the Moon laser light show will be shown at the Greensboro Science Center, located on 4301 Lawndale Dr. The light shows will begin at 7 p.m., 8 p.m. and 9:00 p.m. in the Omnisphere Theater. The Facebook event page states feature tracks will include "Money" and "Great Gig in the Sky" from the classic album Dark Side of the Moon. Tickets are $5 and can be purchased online at the website.
2. On Sept. 28 in Greensboro, join the Crooked Tail Cat Cafe, located at 604 S. Elm St. for "Mewvie Night: Hocus Pocus." The movie takes place from 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. and ages 5+ are welcome to come and watch the Halloween classic. Popcorn and drinks are included in the ticket purchase, and ticket prices are $15 on the website. Walk-in tickets are also an option when available. For more information visit the Facebook event page.
3. On Sept. 28 in High Point, come on out and join Brown Truck Brewery, located at 1234 N. Main St., for its Oktoberfest Hurricane Relief Fundraiser. Brown Truck Brewery will be raising money for Hurricane Florence victims starting at 6 p.m. and ending at 10 p.m. There will be live music from Turpentine Shine, paired with grub from Two the Top food truck. Alongside its Oktoberfest beer release; Brown Truck Brewery will donate $1 from every purchase of the beer! There will also be donation boxes for those wanting to give more to the cause. For more information, visit the Facebook event page.
4. On Sept. 29 in Greensboro and Winston-Salem, head to 1607 Battleground Ave. in Greensboro and 115 Oakwood Dr. in Winston-Salem, to enjoy McKay's Customer Appreciation Day. With over 10,000 square feet of space, McKay's offers the community used books, music, movies, electronics, video games, action figures, textbooks and more! Both locations' Facebook event pages states, "Thank you so much for supporting us–now it's time for us to show how much we appreciate you!" Join the fun at both locations from 11 a.m., until 5 p.m. for free food, food trucks, kid activities, games, giveaways and more!
5. On Sept. 29 in Greensboro, superheroes will unite for a special cause. The Little Brother Brewing Block Party (located at Little Brother Brewing, 348 S. Elm St.) will be held in honor of fallen Greensboro Firefighter, Will Caviness. The Greensboro Fire Department, Greensboro Police Department, Junction 311, along with Caviness's family and friends, join together for the ultimate superhero party. Family-friendly, free and open to the public, the block party is set to start at 7 p.m., and end at 1 a.m. According to the Facebook event page, Brother Bear Presents "3pc & A Biscuit" for musical entertainment, along with other tunes to be announced. There will be beer releases and beer available for purchase to those 21 + years of age. The Heroes Red & Blue 5k Kids Fun Run- Will Caviness Memorial kicks off at 6 p.m., and all proceeds from the run will go to the International Association of Fire Fighters Program and the International Burn Camp. For more information on the 5k run, visit the website.
6. On Sept. 29 in High Point, grab your cookbooks and your kids and head on over to High Point's Farmer Market for "Culinary Creations with Chef Monkonjay." Located on 901 N. Main St., the event begins at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 1 p.m., with a highlight at 10:30 a.m. by High Point's Chef Daniel "Monkonjay" Gray, aka Uncle Cheesecake. There will be live music by Champagne & Kevlar, in addition to fresh produce, craft & food vendors, and kids activities such as bubbles, sidewalk chalk, and a photo booth. High Point Museum will be sharing some High Point history, along with the chance to register and win a gift tote bag full of goodies! This is one event you don't want to miss! For more information, visit the Facebook event page.
7. On Sept. 29 and 30 in Winston-Salem, fall is being brought in the local and handmade way. Hops & Shop: A Camel City Craft Fair along with Foothills Brewing present "Carnival Market". Located on 3800 Kimwell Dr., at the Foothills Brewing Tasting Room, over 100 local and regional vendors provide high quality handmade, vintage, antique, and repurposed goods. There will also be live music, food trucks, kids activities and more! According to the Facebook event page, the event will last from 12 p.m. until 6 p.m. on both days.
8. On Sept. 29 in Winston-Salem, Head on over to the "new" Old Salem and check out its makeover at 600 S. Main St., for a "Salem Saturday in Autumn." Hosted by the Old Salem Museums & Gardens, there is much to see and explore in this historic place. From the popular "Hands-On-Workshops" to the new kid-friendly "please touch" buildings and even a picnic in Salem Square; Old Salem is ready to greet you and your family. Doors are open from 9:30 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. For more information and ticket prices, check out the Facebook event page.


text: Contact usContact Metrolina Gymnastics to register for Charlotte, NC gymnastics classes. Looking for kids birthday party places? Book a gymnastics birthday party! Fill out the form below and we'll get in touch with you right away. We can't wait to hear from you!HOLIDAY SCHEDULEJanuary 2nd- Winter/Spring Classes Begin April 15-19- Spring Break- CLOSED May 27- Memorial Day- CLOSED May 31st- Last day of classes June 1st- "Showcase Classic" (End of the year show for recreational classes) June 3-8- CLOSED June 10- Summer Classes/Camps Begin July 1-5- July 4th Break- CLOSED August 30- Last day of summer classes Sept 2- Labor Day- CLOSED Sept 3- Fall Classes BeginName *FirstLastEmail *How can we help you? *General InquiryClass RegistrationBook a Birthday PartyOtherPlease call us at 980-613-1790 and check class availability before sending in registration forms. Submitting registration forms does not guarantee placement. Please download and fill out the following forms and submit them below:Download Metrolina Gymnastics Registration FormDownload Metrolina Gymnastics WaiverAttach Registration Form * Click or drag a file to this area to upload. Attach Waiver * Click or drag a file to this area to upload. Party Date / Time *DateTimeThis does not guarantee a reservation. We will let you know about availability.How Many Children In Attendance? *Comment or MessageNameSubmit 980-613-1790 1038 Culp Road Suite 200 Pineville, N.C. 28134


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|Guangdong Yeehuaxing Construction Machinery Manufacture Co
Country: China
City: Guangzhou
Address: 88#,Liangyuan Eastern Road,Liangtian Development Area,Zhuliao Baiyun,Guangzhou,China.
Phone: 0086-20-82313236
Fax: 0086-20-82313236
Number of company employees : 50-100
Approximate annual sales : USD$10,000,000
Percentage of exports : 40%
Website: www.gd-yhx.com
|Catagory:Construction Sub-categories: Elevators Scaffolding
|We can verify that Guangdong Yeehuaxing Construction Machinery Manufacture Co has been registered with ExportBureau
from 25/03/2006 to today 10/12/2019 for a period of 13 years and 263 days.
|Report this company
Thank you ! We have sent your message.
The mid-market rates shown here are neither "buy" rates nor "sell" rates. Mid-market rates are derived from mid-point between the buy and sell rates of large-value transactions in the global currency markets. Actual ExportBureau member rates are often better.
|This report should be used only as a guide to build a more informed opinion on potential international trading partners.
click here to update this company information


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Recalls in August 2004
Browse by year
Whirlpool Cooking Products Recalled08/27/2004ConsumerAffairs
Whirlpool freestanding ranges, double ovens, and oven-microwave combinations are being recalled. The appliances use faulty wiring, which can overheat and c...
August 27, 2004
Whirlpool freestanding ranges, double ovens, and oven-microwave combinations are being recalled. The appliances use faulty wiring, which can overheat, melt through the insulation and cause a short circuit. They may pose a shock hazard to consumers if the appliance is not properly grounded.
Department, mass merchandise and appliance stores nationwide, as well as home builders, sold the recalled units from April 2004 through July 2004. The Whirlpool Oven-Micro Combo sold for between $2200 and $2720, the Whirlpool Double Wall Oven for between $930 and $1350, the KitchenAid Oven-Micro Combo for between $2300 and $3740 and the KitchenAid Free Standing Range for between $850 and $1230.
Consumers should immediately stop using the product, unplug it by shutting off the fuse or circuit breaker, and contact Whirlpool for a free repair.
The recall involves Whirlpool and KitchenAid brand freestanding ranges, double ovens, and oven-microwave combination products with the following model and serial numbers:
Model Numbers
Serial Number Range
|Oven-microwave combination
|Double wall oven
|Oven-microwave combination
|Electric free standing range
The model and serial numbers are located on a label inside the door of the units.
Consumer should call Whirlpool toll-free at (866) 770-6751 between 8 a.m. and 9 p.m. ET Monday through Friday or between 8 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. ET on Saturday to schedule the free repair.
The recall is being conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
Second Recall for Vaxcel/Menard Ceiling Fans08/13/2004ConsumerAffairs
Vaxcel International has issued a second recall for about 1,200 ceiling fans assembled without the proper wire insulation sleeving, which could result in e...
August 13, 2004
Vaxcel International has issued a second recall for about 1,200 ceiling fans assembled without the proper wire insulation sleeving, which could result in exposed wiring. Consumers could receive an electrical shock during installation or removal.
These down-rod-mount, dual-motor, 36-inch ceiling fans were sold in chrome, stone white, brush nickel, polished brass, antique brass, or weathered patina finishes. Model number 355-6645 is printed on the box and on a label located on the central housing of the ceiling fan.
The brand names of the fans are Aire Tek and Turn-of-the- Century Apollo Series which is written on the packaging only. A label located on the central housing of the ceiling fan displays the File Number E215078, the UL Listing Mark, and the model number 355-6645. Vaxcel had previously recalled the same model fan sold under the Aire Tek brand name.
The fans were sold at Menard stores nationwide between January 2002 and May 2002 for between $350 and $450.
Consumers should contact Vaxcel to verify if they have one of the recalled ceiling fans and to receive a free replacement ceiling fan if they do. To avoid the risk of shock while checking or removing a recalled fan, consumers should turn off the power source to the fan. Consumers are encouraged to use a professional electrician. Vaxcel will reimburse consumers up to $75 for charges incurred in removing recalled fans.
Consumer Contact: Call Vaxcel at (800) 482-9235 between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. CT Monday through Friday.
The recall is being conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
GM Recalls Saturn VUE to Fix Suspension Problem08/05/2004ConsumerAffairs
General Motors is voluntarily recalling the Saturn VUE to fix a problem with the rear suspension. The recall affects 246,433 VUEs in the 2002-2004 model ye...
Rival Crock-Pot Slow Cookers08/05/2004ConsumerAffairs
About 1.8 million Rival Slow Cooker units are being recalled. The handles on the base of the slow cookers can break posing a risk of burns from hot content...
Feds Probe Honda Airbag Failure08/04/2004ConsumerAffairs
Feds Probe Honda Airbag Failure...
August 4, 2004
Honda is facing a federal safety investigation and the potential recall of 240,193 of its 2004 Accord sedans after the driver's airbag failed during two crash tests.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration began the inquiry last week after airbags failed during unrelated tests. The agency was testing the damage caused when light trucks crash into cars from the side. During the side-impact test, the Accord airbag failed.
Investigators said the bag had a large tear in its fabric and did not fully inflate.
NHTSA has opened an inquiry, which is the first step in the process that can lead to a ful-scale recall.


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Award Program
Every effort has
been made to give proper credit to anyone who has contributed
anything to this site.
All of the
photography used in making the graphics is my own and the actual
page graphics were made by Scarlett's
Web. More information on this in the section entitled
"About My Graphics."
All of the poetry
on this site was written by me, my daughter, or several different
friends. The name of the person who wrote each poem is
listed with the writing.
For all of the
letters submitted for printing on the following pages: Other
Mother's Tears and Voice Of The Addict, I have written letters
from each person who wrote and asked me to print their letter,
giving me their permission to print. These letters are kept
in a file in my office.
I received
permission from my pastor, Don White of Providence Wesleyan
Church, High Point, NC, to use his notes in the section entitled
"A Healing Response To Tragedy."
In the Special
Grief Section, some of the information was obtained during my
actual grief counseling sessions with Hospice Of The
Piedmont. They granted me permission to use the information
as I remembered it.
All award
graphics won are the sole property of the individual owners of the
award programs who presented them to me.
All banners shown
on my banner exchange page are the sole property of the individual
owners of the websites who asked me to post them.
award graphics used in my award program were made by Graceful
Catshark at Breaching
Fin Graphics.
I have left any copyright information out, it is not intentional.
email that is sent to me through Mothers of Addicts UNITED is kept
private and will not be shared with anyone. All letters
printed were sent to me for that purpose and permission was
obtained from those individuals submitting the
information. Anytime a name is used, it has been used
at the request of the person who submitted the name, and signed
permission is also obtained.
same is true for any information collected through my awards
program through my application form.
I do
not collect any personal information on any visitor except on my
awards program application, nor do I use
"cookies" to keep track of anyone entering my
site. The awards program application information is
used only for the purpose of evaluating sites for my program and
is disposed of once the evaluation is complete.
also comply with the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
which you can read here: COPPA
| Nightmare
of Addiction | A
Healing Response | Other
Mothers Tears
Of The Addict | Poems |
Network | Grief Section |
My Graphics
| Links
To Outside Help | This
Is Kathy | Where
We Are Today
Exchange | Gifts |
Me | Legal Statements |
My Guestbook
Candlelight Vigil |
Award Program
Copyright © 2000 - 2004
~ Vicki Reece ~ All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 2000 - 200
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Looking for a yoga studio that embodies body positivity and diversity? Namaste! Where is the studio located? Do you have an awesome connection for a hairstylist? Yaasss queen! Tell us about them! and/or ask them to promote their services on Queer Housing! No matter what you are looking for, we want to be queer for you!
Queer Housing is an inclusive community which means all humans are welcome to join. However, our number one policy is that prejudice and bias have no place here.
We hope to grow this community with your support and extend our reach beyond this online platform; This is just the beginning!
Please contact us email@example.com with your feedback and testimonials of your success stories. We are interested in hearing from you!


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When Lakeland, Florida and its neighboring cities need 24 ac repair, they call the pros at Super Heat & Air! We serve the entire Lakeland and Polk County area as a trusted and reliable 24/7 air conditioning service.
Residential and commercial AC repair
Air conditioner maintenance
New air conditioner sales and installation
Duct cleaning service
Emergency air conditioner issues don't wait for a convenient time to disrupt your life. An air conditioning system can break down any time of day, any day of the week. So whether it's an AC breaking down or just not turning on or off, we're available anytime to fix it for you!
We have staff on call 24/7 to travel to Lakeland FL, Winter Haven FL, Plant City FL, Bartow FL and beyond. And we offer same-day service; free estimates; free service calls with any repair; and no overtime charges. We also offer upfront pricing and a 100% satisfaction guarantee.
No job is too big or small for us. So whether it's a house or an entire apartment complex that needs AC repair, call the pros at Super Heat & Air. We have a staff of HVAC technicians with decades of combined air conditioning business experience to serve you. As a licensed, bonded and insured air conditioning company, we are screened and top-rated on trusted referral services like Home Advisor. Check out our 100+ 5-Star reviews on Home Advisor and Google to read about what past Super Heat & Air customers have said about our service.


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Locksmith Services
MBL provides the highest quality locksmith services for domestic, commercial and industrial premises. Our engineers are experienced in opening all types of door, window and safe locks should keys be lost. In addition MBL engineers carry a large range of locks and security ironmongery to immediately replace any compromised or damaged items. We are Trading Standards approved and were the first locksmith company in Bedfordshire to achieve this recognition of excellence.
Emergency call out: 01462 811212
Our emergency call out service provides a quick and efficient entry to premises and replacement of locks in the event of lost keys or accidental lock out. MBL will also affect immediate repairs to doors and windows damaged following physical attack.
UPVC Door Locks
MBL will open all types of multi-point locks should the mechanism malfunction or following the loss of keys. We are able to provide locks and spares for all UPVC doors as well as wooden and metal door multi-point locks including French windows and sliding patio doors.
We supply, deliver and install all types of safes. Our engineers have vast experience in the delivery and installation of freestanding safes to the specific site location with the minimum of interruption to the customer. They are also experienced as well as qualified, for insurance requirements, to install underfloor and wall-mounted safes to the manufacturers specifications. We will also gain entry to safes in the event of a malfunction or loss of keys and affect repairs and the replacement of locks as required.
Survey Service
MBL offers a full surveying service to meet all your security and architectural ironmongery needs. Our engineers are experienced locksmiths and ironmongers with the knowledge of products and their installation to know what items will be most effective in a given situation. We will tailor a security and ironmongery package to meet the customer's security, aesthetic and economic requirements.
Additional Services
MBL can offer additional security to suit our customer's needs. This might include extensions to restricted master key systems, additional locks, fixed and collapsible grills, DIY CCTV, PIN, card and biometric access control systems, parking posts, fixed and removable barriers.
For any queries regarding our services please do not hesitate to contact us for full and friendly advice.


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Join other Academy families in celebrating the 2019-20 school year with the annual Back-to-School Party behind the upper school on Friday, August 30, starting at 5 p.m.
CPA is honored to host author and speaker Anthony Ray Hinton at Perspectives: A Community Gathering for the City on September 26, at 7 p.m., in the Sanctuary (Church building).
CPA hosted The Collaborative this week, welcoming educators and administrators from 15 different Tennessee schools.
Third graders are learning about global hunger, communities that suffer from hunger, causes of food shortage, and local and national advocates and solutions. The project-based-learning unit integrates geography and economics as the students discuss food and water scarcity across the globe.
Congratulations to the CPA Class of 2019! Here's where the graduates are headed next year...
May 1 was National College Decision Day, and CPA's Class of 2019 has almost entirely committed to college decisions this week. The Office of College Counseling is proud to announce the following statistics on matriculation.
Congratulations to the Singin' in the Rain cast and crew for being one of ten productions from across the state selected to perform at TPAC on May 11 as part of the Spotlight Awards. CPA's cast and crew has finalists in 11 categories of the awards:
CPA hosted an on-campus pinning ceremony for seniors Francesca Moore and Matthew Miller, both graduating to prestigious military academies U.S. Air Force Academy and West Point.


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andra Hendler is an internationally recognized illustrator and painter.
She is a graduate of The Philadelphia College of Art, now called
The University of the Arts. Her work has been published in magazines and publications like: Time, Rolling Stone, Playboy, Esquire, GQ, Entertainment Weekly, The Chicago Tribune, Miami Herald, The Washington Post, Penguin, and The Atlantic Monthly Press. She has won numerous awards for her illustrations including: The New York Art Directors Annual and The Art of Playboy. Sandra was featured in a one-woman show at the Andrew Usiskin Contemporary Art Gallery in London and galleries in Philadelphia and New York. Some of these paintings, which are very large in size are featured on this website under the sub-heading titled; Paintings.
After a successful career as an illustrator, Sandra decided to combine her love and knowledge of antique jewelry with her original miniature paintings in classical combinations including: the eye of a lover, Memento Mori paintings and other unique designs. In addition, she
has an incredible inventory of antique jewelry, which she has acquired world-wide for sale in her Etsy stores: Mercury's Moon and Moons Curious Items. Her fascination with Victorian jewelry, symbolism and sentimental pieces in particular combined with her miniature paintings and incredible attention-to-detail have made Sandra's works truly unique among her peers. She has a large number of followers from her Etsy stores and a network of like-minded friends and crafts-persons around the globe.
You may contact Sandra regarding an Etsy purchase, miniature
or painting commission at: email@example.com


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ROHACH, Lawrence J. 1921-2005
Posted By: Tammy (email)
Date: 5/11/2015 at 08:12:57
Lawrence J. Rohach, 84, of Hudson, Iowa, died Friday, Decmeber 23, 2005, at Parkview Manor in Reinbeck, Iowa. Mass of Christian Burial will be on Tuesday, December 27 at 10:30 A.M. at the Queen of Heaven Catholic Church in Reinbeck. Father Dennis Quint will officiate. Burial will follow in the Reinbeck Cemetery. Visitation will be on Monday from 2:00 to 8:00 P.M. at the French Hand Funeral Home in Reinbeck with the family receiving friends from 5:00 to 8:00 PM. There will be a Scriptural Wake Service held on Monday at 5:00 P.M. at the Funeral Home.
Lawrence was born January 2, 1921 in rural Tama County, son of Jerry and Helen (Kalinay) Rohach. He was a WWII Veteran serving with the U.S. Marine Corp from June of 1945 until May of 1946. On January 12, 1948 he was united in marriage to Lovelle E. Staker in Garwin, Iowa. He farmed in rural Reinbeck, raising grain and livestock, retiring in 1985. Lawrence was a member of Action Post 242 of the Reinbeck American Legion, a 50 yr. member of the Farm Bureau, and served on the board of directors for the Reinbeck Coop. He enjoyed dancing and was a member of the Polka Club of Iowa, and enjoyed playing Pepper with friends.
Surviving is his wife, Lovelle; sons, Larry A. (Connie) of Reinbeck and Lynn G. (Karen Bohnstemgel) of Hudson; grandchildren, Melissa (Todd) Heck of Newton and Michelle (Jon) Cubit of Ankeny; great-grandchildren, Jarod and Megan Heck and Cody and Michaela Cubit; sisters, Blanche (Milo) Halupnick of Traer, Mildred Fleming of Traer, Mary (Paul) Hulme of Traer and Verna (Joe) Ottenheimer of River Forest, Illinois; and brothers, Charles (Lavina) Rohach of Gladbrook and Alfred (Rose Ann) Rohach of Cedar Rapids. Preceding him in death were his parents; sisters, Albia Elias and Rozelle Wrede; and brother, Wesley Rohach.
--Abels Funeral Homes (www.abelsfuneralhomes.com)
Grundy Obituaries maintained by Tammy D. Mount.
WebBBS 4.33 Genealogy Modification Package by WebJourneymen


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The university's Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) telescope took photos of the asteroid, which was named 2018 LA.
Even though the asteroid was discovered by the Catalina Sky Survey telescope in Arizona a few hours later that same day, ATLAS played a major role in pinpointing the asteroid's final destination over Botswana, where its atmospheric entry was captured by security camera footage.
"Prior to the ATLAS measurement, impact predictions showed 2018 LA hitting the Earth anywhere from Madagascar to the South Pacific — a range spanning almost half Earth's southern hemisphere," a July 13 University of Hawaii blog post stated.
"By measuring the asteroid more than two hours after it was last seen from Arizona, and less than five hours before it exploded, ATLAS greatly improved the accuracy with which the pre-impact orbit could be calculated, helping to prove the bright meteor subsequently seen over Botswana was indeed the fiery demise of 2018 LA," the statement continued.
ATLAS consists of two telescopes atop Hawaiian peaks, one on Mauna Loa on Hawaii Island and another on Haleakala, Maui. The two telescopes are about 100 miles apart and can automatically scan the whole sky to detect asteroids before they hit Earth.
"This is a great test of the system," ATLAS Principal Investigator Larry Denneau recently said, according to the University of Hawaii blog post.
"We've confirmed that ATLAS can find impactors. If 2018 LA had been big enough to cause a dangerous explosion, like the asteroid that hit Russia in 2013, we'd have had enough warning that people could evacuate the impact zone," Denneau added.
According to the University of Hawaii, ATLAS currently discovers about 100 asteroids larger than 30 meters wide every year.
Asteroids that size are powerful enough to destroy an entire city, in the event that they impact the Earth. With ATLAS, however, such rocks can be spotted just in time for people to evacuate the projected impact zone.


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George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: Fans go crazy for 'tin shed' house - and THIS is why
GEORGE CLARKE took a look back at some innovative property designs during his Channel 4 Amazing Spaces show, and one house in particular - a "tin shed" - caught the eyes of many viewers.
George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: Would you live in this silver shed?
Appearing at the start of the show was The Balancing Barn.
The property stands on the edge of a tranquil nature reserve few miles inland from the Suffolk coast, near the historic towns of Walberswick and Aldeburgh.
At first, it looks like a stainless steel-clad shed - but move around the property, and there's much more to be discovered.
Clad in elegant silver tiles, the house dramatically cantilevers over the landscape, providing views from its huge panoramic windows over woods, ponds and meadows.
George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: The Balancing Barn is much more than it first seems
George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: It's a cantilever over the hillside
It's a really bold and striking building and it's unique and special.
Using the same ideology as a skyscraper crane or an aeroplane wing, the house was designed by the Dutch firm MVRDV, who have won a world-wide reputation for the ingenuity, playfulness and comfort for their designs.
The house is available for holidaymakers at £200 a night.
Alongside a view over the landscape from the back window of the house, there are windows on the floor for a view down below.
There's also a playful trap door which leads to outside, built into the hillside, complete with an outdoor swing with the cantilever acting as a shelter.
George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: The inside has been simply decorated
The interior of the house has simple decoration - the bathroom features plain white ceramic tiles.
But the use of the space within the house and its surroundings is what's most impressive.
George said: "It's a really bold and striking building and it's unique and special.
"Architecturally it doesn't take itself seriously. It's like being at a fairground - it's witty and fun."
George Clarke's Amazing Spaces: There's also a secret trap door to the outside
Fans of the show also took to Twitter to voice their appreciation for the home.
One user said: "I want to live in that tin can bendy fabulous house. Boy the imagination is staggering."
Another said: "My kind of house. Oh if I was wealthy! Dream on I guess."
On a recent episode of George Clarke's Restoration Man, Twitter users told the architect to "man up" after this.


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Meteor to lose CEO post in shake-up
MOBILE operator Meteor will no longer have its own chief executive after its owner, Eircom, yesterday announced a group-wide organisational restructuring that cements the two brands under a single corporate umbrella.
Larry Smith, the US national who has been the Meteor chief executive for the past five years, will leave the group after a transition period and return to the United States. Under his tenure, Meteor has doubled its number of subscribers to about 1.1 million. Stephen Beynon, a former senior manager with Virgin Media who has been working on an independent consultancy basis with Eircom since last August, is formally joining the group as its group managing director of consumer and small business.
He also once held a senior management role at Australia-based mobile operator Optus, and with Cable & Wireless.
He will now be responsible for the running of Meteor, as well as Eircom's small business unit and its consumer and mobile arm which offers mobile broadband to consumers. Eircom, which is controlled by Singapore Technologies Telemedia (STT) since January, has also appointed Gerry Culligan as the managing director of the group's new transition unit.
It is understood that his role will include examining how staff whose functions that may have been absorbed by other units during the business reorganisation can be redeployed. However, it is believed his role remains to be fully defined.
Mr Culligan will also be responsible for Eircom's Phonewatch business, as well as its 11811 directory enquiry service. He was previously director of consumer market at Eircom. Eircom's chief executive Paul Donovan said the changes would enable the group to work more effectively "as one team".
"The regulatory, economic and competitive constraints affecting our revenue growth in both fixed (line) and mobile requires a new approach to how we structure our business as we address our cost base," he said. "In order for Eircom to thrive, it must simplify, improve its transparency and accountability and become a more agile and nimble organisation."
Eircom's group revenue declined 10pc to €465m in the quarter to the end of December and group adjusted earnings fell 5pc to €159m.
Irish Independent


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Collaboration is the best way to make things, let's share our skills together.
I'm a Interactive designer from Austin, Tx. I specialize in UX | UI.
I am driven by creating narratives in my work by designing empathetic solutions that humanizes data. I am fascinated with technology and enjoy how people are using it to create products and even art.
Outside of design, I've helped build computational fluency with Scratch in San Marcos, Texas as a workshop facilitator at both San Marcos elementary schools and The San Marcos Public Library. In July of 2018, a group of students and I attended Scratch Conference 2018 at MIT to share our experience as workshop facilitators. Here's the schedule from the conference:
Small Town Coding
The Interface: Physical Computing with Young People
In May of 2018, I spoke at Maker Faire Austin at the Maker Faire Edu Summit to share my perspective of teaching computational fluency.
In the past, I actively shot documentary style photography and sometime use my 6+ years of experience to capture images, today. I am curious of how computer programmers combine software and hardware to create immersive experiences with existing and new forms of technology and enjoy these collaborative moments.
When I'm not designing or following passion projects, you can often find me at the dog park with my German Shepherd, reading a good book, or day dreaming about traveling to South Korea.


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NEW YORK (MarketWatch) -- The Treasury Department sold $6 billion in inflation-indexed securities on Monday at a yield of 2.387%. The Treasury Inflation Protected Securities, maturing in January 2029, received bids for 2.27 times the amount of debt sold, compared to 1.92 at the most recent sale in January. Indirect bidders, a class of investors that includes foreign central banks, bought 47.8% of the sale, compared to 54% last time. Analysts have paid more attention to the government's debt sales in the past few months in search of signals of whether investors, particularly foreign central banks, remain willing to buy U.S. debt. Benchmark 10-year note yields TMUBMUSD10Y, -2.89% remained higher by 7 basis points at 3.73%.
Treasury sells inflation-linked debt at 2.387%
Quote References
-0.05 -2.89%


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100616 Wonder Girls SE Press Conference Photos! (Part 1)
DO NOT HOTLINK! CREDITS TO (x)clusive / http://loveshouldgoon.wordpress.com Google Chrome users: Right click "Open in new tab" to see the pictures… [ Read more ]Read more
DO NOT HOTLINK! CREDITS TO (x)clusive / http://loveshouldgoon.wordpress.com Google Chrome users: Right click "Open in new tab" to see the pictures… [ Read more ]Read more
Hit-making Korean idol group Super Junior arrived on local shores on 6 June afternoon for a half-day stay to launch… [ Read more ]Read more
Details of Wonder Girls' activities in Singapore! Sony Ericsson showcase and Meet and Greet session – how to get tickets 🙂Read more
U-Kiss and 2AM will be on the Sheng Siong Show coming June/July! 🙂 READ HERE to know how to get tickets to catch them live~Read more
Come see details for Beast in Singapore Showcase on 23 – 25 June! Hosted by Universal Music.Read more
Update: 4th June Taeyeon and family boarded the plane to Korea safely at 9~10ish today. Last spotted at 8PM entering… [ Read more ]Read more
Details for U-Kiss Showcase in Singapore, get your package now!! Running out very quickly. U-U-U-U-U KISS!Read more
Yeah, you get a weekly dose of Kpop throughout June! We start off with Super Junior's Singapore Galaxy Showcase on… [ Read more ]Read more
Just videos for now, photos can be found here at SG K-Wave. I WANT COMMENTS FROM YOU GUYS!
Am only posting up certain groups. (still uploading in progress, check back my Youtube acc or twitter. I'll be covering Finals too so watch out for that! Meanwhile comment and support! ;D
UPDATE: TICKETS FOR SHOWCASE IS SOLD OUT. However, you have a chance to win tickets to the showcase. 5 winners!… [ Read more ]Read more
SUNDOWN FESTIVAL 2010 ARTISTES LINE-UP~ SUNDOWN FESTIVAL CONCERT 2010 IS ON 31ST JULYRead more
The four days of Jun Brothers in Singapore are over.. Are you feeling the withdrawal symptoms yet? ^^ Since last… [ Read more ]Read more
Yeahh: Sundown Fest scheduled 31st July 2010, tickets and more information coming up! Haha.Read more
Photos of Zuno's Press Conference, Fanmeet @ Movida, Showcase and Fanmeet @ IMM! His guy cannot be any sweeter~ His showcase in Singapore was a definite success, thanks to all crew and all awesome fans! Come in and take a look at the PHOTOS! Full account coming in sooon! 😀Read more
Here's the HD fancam. Junho looked at me/my direction. I'll edit this post tmr with story LOL. and the FAKER's… [ Read more ]Read more
He just arrived 4 hours ago to our sunny island, spotting black sunglasses, center-parting shoulder length hair and a wide… [ Read more ]Read more
Oh yes, some quick updates. Flight details of ZUNO's arrival: 29 April – KE 641 @ 2120hrs (Terminal 2) And… [ Read more ]Read more
EDIT: 100507 Lee Jisu fanmeet postponed to 26th June (tentative), Show Luo is coming to SG on the 20th May,… [ Read more ]Read more
Since I am in SG, just a shoutout to local SG CPop fans! Who have you chosen? Mayday or S.H.E?… [ Read more ]Read more
There will be a Zuno fanmeet session at IMM on the 2nd May, and 100 lucky fans will get to… [ Read more ]Read more


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Purnell Paves the Way in Education!
Purnell is Currently Accepting Mid-Year Students!
For more information, please call (908) 439-4086 or email email@example.com
Students from all over the world come to Purnell -- from Barbados, China, Czech Republic, Germany, India, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Philippines, and many other countries.
By immersing into our community, you will quickly feel at home at Purnell and experience American culture in a truly authentic way. From one-to-one advising and academic support, to a full activity offering, Purnell is a safe, comfortable, "home away from home" for our international students.
Our International Program contributes to the learning experience of our domestic students, too, by providing them with exposure to diverse cultures, languages and ideas.
How many international students are there at Purnell?
International students make up approximately 10% of the student body.
What is the deadline for the application?
Purnell is on a rolling admission basis; therefore, we do not have a deadline. We limit the amount of students from each country and recommend that if you are accepted you return your deposit and contract by the date indicated to ensure a space for the upcoming school year.
Does Purnell require any entrance exams such as the TOEFL or SSAT?
Purnell does not require the SSAT; rather, we look at the student in her entirety and do not base her admission on one exam. However, it is required that she take the TOEFL. Purnell does not have a minimum score; the TOEFL is used merely to gage the student's English proficiency and allows Purnell to better understand if the student can be fully supported. If the exams have already been taken, please submit the scores through ETS. Purnell's DI Code is 8964.
How does Purnell conduct interviews for international students?
We encourage international students to visit, but if they are unable to travel to campus, we are happy to schedule a Skype interview. Skype interviews are conducted Monday through Friday between 8am and 4pm EST. Contact email@example.com to arrange an interview.
When does Purnell issue the I-20?
Purnell will issue an I-20 once we have received the contract, full tuition, and all supporting documents. For complete details on the I-20, please see below.
Does Purnell issue visas?
No, students are required to obtain their own visas. If a student does not pass the visa interview and can provide evidence to the School, she will be refunded her full tuition less the $3,000 deposit.
Is financial aid available for international students?
Limited financial aid is available for international students. Please contact the Office of Admissions and Financial Aid at firstname.lastname@example.com to discuss the process.
Are there any activities or groups for international students?
All of our students are encouraged to be involved in multiple groups and activities. We have an International Banquet every year where students share recipes from their countries and teach other students how to prepare the meals. This is a great opportunity for our community to learn more about each other and try some new foods! We also offer special dinners, events and trips for our international students.
We go to New York to see plays.
There's always something to do.
What airports are near Purnell?
Purnell is located 40 minutes from Newark Liberty International Airport and 1.5 hours from John F. Kennedy Airport in New York. Airport transportation to and from school should be set up by the student. We can recommend a car service that is familiar with our school; please email us for that information at email@example.com.
There is a $100 application fee for international students. Once your application and interview are complete, the Admissions and Financial Aid Office will notify you about the committee's decision.
There are three ways to submit an application to Purnell.
Apply online
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Your application can be sent via mail, fax or email. Please use this address:
Purnell School
Attn: Admissions Office
51 Pottersville Road
P.O. Box 500
Pottersville, NJ 07979
Secondary School Admission Test (SSAT) application
The Association of Boarding Schools (TABS) common application
Purnell School is a SEVP certified School and provides International Students with an I-20. The following items and documents are needed BEFORE Purnell School can issue a student an I-20 form. Please send all materials the Admissions Office. Documents can be faxed to (908) 439.4088 or mailed to:
Purnell School
P.O. Box 500
51 Pottersville Road
Pottersville, NJ 07979
Attention: Admissions Office
"At my past school, I used to have anxiety, because it was a big school, and it was too much for me. I love Purnell, because it is small and so welcoming. I've enjoyed getting to know students from around the world."
Find out more about Purnell's exceptional international program. Contact The Office of Admissions and Financial Aid, at +1-908-439-4009 or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Well-prepared and highly confident, 100 percent of Purnell girls are accepted to college.
Purnell is Currently Accepting Mid-Year Students!
For more information, please call (908) 439-4086 or email email@example.com


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Family Woodpeckers (Picidae)
Black-bodied Woodpecker (Hylatomus schulzii)
Phloeotomus Schulzii
#R Cabanis, 1882,
Tucumán, Argentina.
Closely related to H. pileatus and H. lineatus; hybridizes with latter. White scapular line more prevalent among N populations, and S birds on average minimally smaller than others, but differences insufficient to justify subspecific separation. Forms described as shiptoni (Tucumán) and major (Argentinian chaco) are regarded as only variants or colour morphs. Monotypic.
S Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Tarija), C Paraguay and S to NC Argentina (S to Córdoba and San Luis).
Descriptive notes
Food and feeding
Status and conservation
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Public comments
Correct name date and citation.
I appear to be alone in believing that the correct citation for this bird is Cabanis Orn.Centralbl. VII no.23&24 p.181 (Dec. 1882), where the name is spelled Shulzii. (with the -ii ending, contra the spelling Shulzi that Cabanis employed in the commonly cited 1883 J.Orn.p.102 rendering).
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It's been a busy week in healthcare: New rules are out from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and Treasury Department that reclassify drugs used to treat chronic conditions (such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes or depression) as preventive; clearing the way for coverage under a Health Savings Account (HSA)-compliant health plan before patients… [Read More]
Chipping Away at the Affordable Care Act Isn't Getting to the Real Issue
So, the Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) individual mandate penalty has been reduced to zero, the Cadillac Tax has been delayed for two more years (and may likely never be implemented) and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) has been funded for six years. Now more than 1.75 million children in 20 states, who were at risk of losing their healthcare, can breathe… [Read More]
Healthcare Reform – Finally a Movement Toward Bipartisan Cooperation
The nine million Americans covered by the federal healthcare exchanges must be feeling a lot like a ping pong ball… It's a good thing the ball is moving so fast they can't see it. President Trump has reversed himself again and indicated that he would not support a bipartisan effort to plug some of the holes… [Read More]
Limiting the Employer Exclusion for Healthcare Is the Wrong Idea
The Republicans are looking everywhere for funds to fix healthcare, as well they should. This problem is not an easy one to solve, however. Under ACA, employers were faced with the Cadillac Tax and as a result they wasted no time in planning to mitigate the effect. While the Democrats seemed to believe that this… [Read More]
Politics and the Exchanges
We are all watching this train wreck unfold before our eyes. The individual exchanges were ill-conceived and poorly implemented from the onset. There is a bloodletting from the insurers, bankrupted co-ops, increased participant premiums, reduced plan options, and politicians looking to make the fixes (again). On one side, the government reports that costs are not increasing… [Read More]
Presidential Healthcare Politics
The reason we haven't heard much about healthcare during this highly charged election year is that the candidates aren't too far apart. Clinton is supportive of continuing the Obama ACA legacy with small adjustments, and Trump, although asserting repeal and replace, seems to be taking a similar approach: building on the changes made to healthcare under… [Read More]
Healthcare Changes: Gradual Is Better
Recently, Paul Ryan and the Republican Party issued their response to the ACA. As expected, the plan eliminates the individual mandate and its ineffective penalties. The proposal also eliminates the Cadillac Tax and bases its funding on limiting the employee exclusion for health insurance. The non-tax deductible limit would vary based upon the region in which the employee… [Read More]
An Update in Healthcare and Politics
November 8th, 2016 is rapidly approaching, and it is pretty clear that Hillary Clinton will be facing Donald Trump in the presidential election. What does this mean for healthcare? First, let us talk about the landscape. The setup of healthcare exchanges under the Affordable Care Act, the underpinning of healthcare as we now know it, is… [Read More]
Another Exciting Day in Washington
The NAHU Principals Council, of which I am a member, periodically meets in Washington DC to speak with regulators and legislators concerning employee benefit issues. Last Thursday we met with Republican leadership to discuss the aftermath of 1095 reporting and to also get an update on the Excise Tax (formerly known as Cadillac Tax). Republicans… [Read More]
Educating Legislators about Healthcare Reform
Earlier this month, the President released his 2017 budget proposal which seeks to modify the controversial 40% excise Cadillac Tax. In 2020, the tax threshold is estimated to be approximately $10,800 for single plans and $29,100 for family plans. However, another change would address regional cost variances by tying the threshold to average marketplace "gold" plan in the states… [Read More]


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Information about James Meredith
Heroes are people that have been able to contribute in a big way to the society in one way or the other and they have been quite a number of such people throughout history. Human rights activists are considered to be some of the biggest contributors into changing lives of very many people but in addition, there are others who of influence through business and leadership. One of the biggest civil rights activists in the world that was able to create history was known as James Meredith and he was an African-American. According to sources, this was the first African-American that was able to attend the University of Mississippi. The of birth of James Meredith was 1933 and after that, he was able to grow with other siblings on a farm land. After attaining a certain age, was able to go to a certain high school that was under the military. After high school, James Meredith was able to attend an all black college and it is after this that he was able to become the first student in the University of Mississippi. James Meredith was able to get a degree in law but apart from that, he went on to get involved heavily with politics.
James Meredith stays in the Jackson Mississippi region and he continues with civil rights activists. During his childhood, James very was one of the few black or African Americans that was insulated from racism that was there in the United States at the time. According to history, he first encountered some racism when he was riding on a train that was coming from Chicago and he was together with his brother. The incident involved him being told to move to the back of the train when they reached Memphis Tennessee. At the back of the train were many black people and because of that, they had to go standing up to their destination. this kind of racism also hurting to James Meredith and this is the life changing experience that he had and he desired or decided to ensure that he is going to fight for the rights of the black people or, the African Americans so that they can be treated fairly.
Before being able to successfully go into studying in the University of Mississippi, James Meredith had a revoked admission later because the registrar of the University of Mississippi realize that he was an African-American. While protecting this decision, James Meredith had the case move up to the Supreme Court and this is when finally, he was able to get the ruling in his favor. Apart from that, James Meredith has a personal life and he is political activity have been very consistent all throughout the years.


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Heads-up from Tokyo Game Show with call for entries to pitch at the SENSE OF WONDER NIGHT 2014 event, deadline May 30th: http://bit.ly/1kdbpHt
Machine Translation
"SENSE OF WONDER NIGHT (SOWN) 2014″ throws spotlights on game developers to draw wellspring of ideas which may stir the static concept of the game. In other words, SOWN 2014 will find out the game ideas causing "SENSE OF WONDER". "SENSE OF WONDER NIGHT (SOWN) 2014″ would provide a presentation opportunity for game developers with unique ideas at TOKYO GAME SHOW 2014.
A total of 9 presenters have been selected out of 125 applications at the last year's event. Approximately 300 people have attended SOWN 2013, where the venue was packed with excitement and international atmosphere. SOWN 2014 commemorates the seventh anniversaries with internationally increasing entries.
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Officials are investigating, according to this report:
The mystery centers on a consecrated host that the Rev. John Echert of St. Augustine Church said fell to the floor last month during Holy Communion and turned "blood red" after being placed in a cup filled with water. It has yet to fully dissolve, he said.
"It was notable enough that, clearly, it was some phenomenon and not the ordinary way in which a host would dissolve…that we're familiar with," Echert said.The archdiocese, which now has the host, is taking a "very cautious stance on the matter," spokesman Dennis McGrath said.
"I make no claims, and the archdiocese makes no claims, as to the likelihood of this being supernatural," Echert said. "But it is enough of a phenomenon, or unusual, that we will continue to examine this host."
He added: "I've never in my 24 years as a priest seen or been aware of a phenomenon where a consecrated host placed in water turns to this bright-colored red and continues in what I would call the blood-red color."


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From: £849.00
From: £849.00
Inverlochy Castle Hotel is a beautiful 19th century castle surrounded by the luscious green of the evergreen trees and the sparkling blue from the nearby loch. Being in Scotland's finest Country Hotel, you will enjoy an experience of a lifetime, where every detail for your comfort and enjoyment has been carefully considered and one which you are sure never to forget.
This voucher entitles two people to enjoy a two night weekend stay in the chosen room type (as stated on voucher) including a three course dinner from the Table d'hôte menu on one evening (Friday or Sunday) and breakfast each morning. We highly recommend that reservations are made immediately on receipt of the voucher by contacting the hotel using the details listed.
Offer Terms & Conditions


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In any school year, there are few things more memorable or worthwhile than a well organized field trip. When the excursion is to a place that offers students the opportunity for real learning it can reinvigorate the curriculum for teachers and students alike, and help to build essential relationships.
Too often, however, field trips are seen as little more than an excuse to get out of the classroom, with the highlight being a lunchtime visit to the nearest fast food joint. It is worth taking the time to plan the occasion thoroughly, however, by building a sense of anticipation and purpose, by organizing real-world tasks for the students to complete while they're there, and by ensuring that the trip has lasting value for future learning.
Before the field trip
Permission notes will need to be dispatched to parents before the trip. These should not only ask for parental consent, but also include a comprehensive itinerary, so that students can discuss what they saw and did when they get home. Give your students an excuse to revisit the scene of their learning while it's still fresh in their minds.
Younger students – and, perhaps, even older ones – will also need a complete school uniform. This makes it easier to manage the security of a large group of students, and reminds them that, yes, this is still part of their schoolwork and is to be taken as seriously as any other activity. Uniforms will also help staff at the location to recognize their new teaching responsibility. Perhaps as important as any of these reasons, however, is that the wearing of a uniform should remind all students that they are there as representatives of their school, and that their behaviour will reflect on the institution as well as themselves.
Before the field trip, try to offer students challenging and intriguing questions that will only be answered on the big day. Direct the lessons immediately prior to the excursion towards content that relates to what the students are likely to see and do while there. This may even involve presenting a slide show of the location. This gives them something to look forward to, and increases the sense that the trip is an extension of their classroom learning. It is imperative that all students have a clear understanding of what the field trip is offering as part of their education.
Students can also be placed into work groups at this stage, if there are tasks which will best be completed co-operatively. These give students the chance to discuss the trip beforehand, and perhaps even build their teamwork with a couple of smaller, related activities. Additionally, the teacher can find out what the students are most looking forward to, and have them propose a few questions of their own that they might like to ask during the trip.
During the field trip
Work groups will help to ensure the safety of all students, as they are an easy way to establish a buddy system for the trip. They also help all students to complete relevant worksheets. Nothing helps learning like teaching, and if participants in a group are discussing the appointed work with each other, they will be learning more thoroughly.
The actual worksheets should not be too cumbersome, as what the students witness and experience is more important, at this stage, than anything they might write. Sheets should be comprehensive in scope but not in detail, and, if possible, be in the form of a quest. By the end of the trip, the students should ideally have good notes, but they should also have more questions of their own which need answering. Provide some kind of clip-board if the worksheets are flimsy.
If the teacher has visited the location before the trip, he or she should have a good idea of relevant questions to ask. The best questions are those that relate to what the students have already learned, and to real world applications of the students' experience.
After the field trip
Future lessons should build on the students' new learning. They should be encouraged to reflect on the field trip, to ask further questions, and to think about how the trip has developed their understanding of life beyond school. If the excursion was truly of value, it should be referred to at various times throughout the remainder of the course. Photographs taken by students should also be proudly displayed, so that they have some ownership of the trip, and it stays in their memories with great fondness and excitement.


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Meet the Team
Anastaci Karatassa
Bachelor of Laws
Bachelor of Media
Graduate Diploma in Legal Practice
- email@example.com
- Direct Phone
- (08) 8210 5411
- Mobile
- 0418 887 727
Bachelor of Laws
Bachelor of Media
Graduate Diploma in Legal Practice
Anastaci Karatassa is a law graduate in Georgiadis Lawyers' Commercial & Business, Property and Wills & Estates Planning practice groups.
Anastaci is committed to finding the best solution for his clients and his passionate and thorough approach to commercial law issues allows him to achieve this goal.
Prior to working at Georgiadis Lawyers, Anastaci worked at the South Australian Employment Tribunal and also volunteered at the Magistrates Court Legal Advice Service where he was able to assist a wide variety of clients with their legal issues. This exposure has given Anastaci unique and invaluable experience with interacting with clients and providing helpful 'straight to the point' advice.
Anastaci is always happy to assist you with your legal matters. Feel free to contact Anastaci to discuss the ways Georgiadis Lawyers can help you or your business.


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Cheap tickets to Cabo San Lucas
When it comes to cheap tickets to Cabo San Lucas, WestJet is your trusted source. We're one of the largest airlines in Canada, operating flights to more than 150 of the most exciting destinations in North and Central America, the Caribbean and Europe. With us, you'll quickly discover how easy it is to find the right flight at the right price. We believe that paying less for a flight shouldn't mean getting less, which is the reason we've built our entire corporate culture around exceptional customer care and the safest, friendliest air travel experience possible. It's really no surprise that we find our valued guests flying with us time and again.
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At WestJet, we're serious about delivering a great guest experience when it comes to cheap tickets to Cabo San Lucas, but we're also proud to invest in the many communities we serve. Since our foundation in 1996, we've developed charitable programs that go above and beyond our role as an airline. One prime example is our WestJet Cares for Kids program, which works in partnership with a number of reputable national charities — including Make-A-Wish Canada and Free the Children — to support kids and their loved ones on their journey to improved health and well-being. We also work hard to limit our carbon footprint and grow in an environmentally responsible fashion. We invest in our fleet of fuel-efficient aircraft, and we always optimize our infrastructure and procedures to be as safe and efficient as possible. In fact, we established practices that improved our fuel efficiency by 44.8 per cent per revenue tonne kilometre in the years between 2000 and 2012. For these reasons and more, you can feel confident about making WestJet your airline of choice when flying to Cabo San Lucas and beyond.