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State Roundup
• Both Lynnville-Sully gyms were full of adrenaline and activity as the Lynnville-Sully Community Education Foundation invited all K-fifth grade boys in the community and their moms or female chaperones to enjoy an evening of high-octane fun and games on April 7, for the annual Gym Jam event. Nearly 80 boys and their moms or grandmas took part in the evening. Each session featured a wide variety of games with laser tag and mom versus son dodgeball being two of the favorites. — Hometown Press
• Officials at Montezuma Specialty Care want their residents to be transported more easily, so they're working toward getting a 12-passenger, wheelchair-accessible van. The van will help the facility's residents go on outings and appointments. On June 2, on the facility's grounds at 316 Meadow Lane Drive, Montezuma, there will be a tractor, motorcycle and car who from 12-3 p.m. Registration for cars starts at 11 a.m. Administrator Kelsey Schenk says the goal is $10,000, which if realized would be matched by the Care Initiative home office. — The Record
Johnson County
• Residents of Johnson County have an opportunity to learn more about solar energy and invest in affordable solar through the new Solarize Johnson County program. The initiative builds on the success of Solarize Cedar Rapids and Linn County, where more than 500 individuals attended free solar education sessions and nearly 100 property owners added solar to their properties in 2017. Cities hosting Solar Power Hours include: Coralville, Iowa City, North Liberty, Oxford, Solon, Shueyville, Swisher and West Branch. — North Liberty Leader
• Pekin's Family, Career and Community Leaders of America attended the State FCCLA March 25-27 Conference in Des Moines coming away with one gold and five silver finishes. Maci Gambell received a gold for her "Wreaths Across America" STAR project; Kylie Noel earned silver with her "Leadership-Funding for Local Animal Shelters" project; Kelly Myers, silver, "Mittens for Munchkins-for all elementary students at Pekin;" Katie Jones, silver, "Bone Marrow Drive and Awareness;' Faith Goudy and Delaney Harbison, silver, "Be the First-Anti-Tobacco Campaign" and Kylie Davis and Emilee Linder, silver, "Pediatric Cancer 5K and Fundraiser." — The Clarion-Plainsman


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A New England women's prison is changed forever when a misguided warden comes into power in this debut novel.
Prisoner Iris Engels is a criminal defense attorney and pro bono counsel to her fellow inmates at the Danbury Federal Correctional Institution for Women in Connecticut when a new warden, Camellia Coleman, comes into power. As part of an effort to please the warden and protect her own personal interests—specifically, obtaining citizenship for her immigrant roommate, Emilia Rivera—Iris hatches a plan to convince inmate Desiree Johansson, a small-town Iowa girl, to become an informant. Later, when Ottilla Cassidy, Desiree's childhood friend, is admitted into the prison, Iris believes that the new girl's history could be valuable to her. The novel also explores subgroups of the prison social structure, such as the vivacious Colombian community, and it portrays a rich prison economy in which seemingly everything, including sanitary pads and Wet 'n Wild lipsticks, has multiple purposes. The makeup of the prison environment is similar to that in the Netflix TV series Orange Is the New Black, and it's unclear whether it's intentionally mirroring aspects of that show. The narrative truly comes into its own, though, when it focuses primarily on the interpersonal dynamics between the characters in prison; at one point, when the warden asks why a group of prisoners is so cheerful at lunchtime, Iris responds, "a lot of these ladies are violence-free for the first time in their lives." Many plot developments are keenly observed and the momentum ramps up on the first page and doesn't let up until the last. That said, Iris' motivation to sabotage prisoners' lives for her own benefit seems foggy, at best; even when her reasons are revealed, it doesn't seem to justify her actions. Also, the problematic portrayal of Ottilla's character does little to combat insidious transgender stereotypes, as it's revealed that she was only transitioning in order to join an all-male gang and that she regretted doing so after a religious epiphany.
A compelling but flawed tale of prison betrayals.

subset: commoncrawl


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About Garrett Law Group, PLC
Our Virginia Beach criminal attorneys provide unparalleled legal representation for clients facing felony and misdemeanor criminal charges, as well as traffic issues, both simple traffic infractions or criminal traffic offenses. We have appeared in and have extensive experience in all of the local state courts throughout the Hampton Roads area, as well as the Norfolk and Newport News federal courts. You can reach us and contact : James Garrett Virginia beach, Virginia - United States of America
Our other products and services :
Discussion Board


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6:30 pm - 9:30 pm
Toronto Animated Image Society (TAIS)
Creative skills development
Beginner & Intermediate
INSTRUCTOR Iveta Karpathyova
February 19, 2019
6:30pm – 9:30pm
Non-member $100 / TAIS Member $60 / Subsidized $40 CLASS FULL Waitlist Only
This workshop explores Rotoscoping, an animation technique involving tracing frame-by-frame from recorded film or video. During the workshop we will provide footage and explore the pacing and framing of the technique through traditional animation.
Iveta Karpathyova is an illustrator, animator and educator (M.Des.) specializing on hand-drawn animation, portraits, watercolour and ink media. Her rotoscoping animations, presented at international film festivals and academic conferences, revolve around sports, dance and musical performances. A recent example of her work is the short film "Phases of Dance" (2017) which was entirely hand-drawn and animated with over 2,100 illustrations. Iveta has lived and freelanced as a commercial illustrator and graphic designer in Toronto, Paris, San Francisco and Montreal. Some of her clients include ESPN, L'Oréal, Holt Renfrew, World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Variety Magazine and Philips. More info available at www.ivetaka.com
TAIS Workshops are presented with the support of the Canada Council for the Arts, the Ontario Arts Council, and the Toronto Arts Council.


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About Vida Oils
Vida Oils is an Africa-based refiner and packer of 100% coconut oil products with its Head Office in Mauritius and subsidiaries in South Africa and Mozambique. Established in 2011, the primary shareholders of Vida Oils are corporate investors whose interests are represented by Agri-Vie Africa Food and Agribusiness Investment Fund and Agricultural Industry Management Services (Pty) Ltd.
Vida Oils is an integrated lauric oil supplier; managing the supply chain from nature to the customer. Vida Oils prides itself on the offering of high quality products, customised to meet our clients' individual requirements.
Vida Oils acquired an existing coconut refinery with a Bleaching, Deodorisation facility near Durban in South Africa that has been supplying coconut oil products to the food industry and industrial users since 1980. This factory is based in Isithebe, KZN, with distribution facilities in Johannesburg. The establishment of a distribution facility in Cape Town is currently underway. This enables Vida Oils to supply tailor-made lauric oil products to the food-, manufacturing-, health-, and cosmetics industries as well as to industrial users.
Vida Oils has also acquired a coconut oil extraction and refining plant in Inhambane, Mozambique. A coconut feedstock supply chain has been developed in partnership with local small scale growers. The operations will also enable the processing of fibre and coco-peat products for the growing industry internationally.
Our business strategy
The Vida Oils model targets the Lauric oils supply chain in Africa on both wholesale and retail levels, both locally and internationally. It is centred on three core tenets:
Feedstock – Here at Vida Oils we strive to provide a reliable supply of feedstock, and maintain fair supplier relationships.
Value Chain Aggregation – Vida Oils is proud to maintain direct control over, and involvement in, processes from F2B ("Farmer to Business"). Procurement of copra intrinsically links and rewards quality produce from the farmer with processed products for the commercial and industrial users of lauric oils and derivative products.
Brown field operations – Acquiring existing feedstock markets with existing or run-down facilities is the core focus of our business strategy.
The Association is a non-profit organization. It represents the interests of copra producers in the District of Homoíne to:
- Ensure profitability of copra production and sale
- Establish other agricultural projects
- Improve the socio-economic conditions of Association members
- Arrange training and skills development for its members


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MR Suite:
SBIC's MR imaging capabilities in high field MRI/MRS scanners include two 9.4 Tesla (Bruker Biospec) systems, a large animal 3T MR system (Siemens Skyra), a 7T Bruker Clinscan and an ultra-high field 11.7T Bruker BioSpec. SBIC's MR suite also features two Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) systems (HyperSense and SpinLab) for dynamic visualization and quantification of metabolic fluxes in vivo. In addition to preclinical scanners, two vertical bore high field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectrometers (Bruker 400MHz, and 600MHz) machines support regular liquid state applications including biofluids and high resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy (HR MAS) of intact tissues ex vivo.
Siemens Magnetom Skyra 3T
Siemen's top-of-the-line 70 cm 3T clinical R&D system with X-nuclei capability for imaging large animals (NHPs & Swine).
Bruker BioSpec 11.7T (117/16 USR)
State-of-the-art ultrahigh-field pre-clinical R&D system with actively shielded gradients, integrated shim sets, a comprehensive range of RF coils including a 1H MRI CryoProbe 4 Element Array Kit for mice. Capable of imaging small animals (mice to rats).
Bruker BioSpec 9.4T (94/30 USR)
State-of-the-art high field pre-clinical R&D system with two actively shielded gradient inserts, integrated shim sets and a comprehensive range of RF coils capable of imaging small and large animals (mice to rabbits).
Agilent (Varian) 9.4T/31cm MRI
State-of-the-art high field animal MRI system equipped with high performance gradients, upgraded to Bruker AVANCE III HD spectrometer electronics including 4-channel receivers and broadband RF system.
Optimized for in vivo rodent imaging. Applications include high-resolution anatomical imaging, functional MRI, perfusion imaging, diffusion tensor/spectrum imaging, X-nuclei (e.g. 31P, 13C) spectroscopy and imaging.
Bruker 7T/20cm ClinScan MRI
High performance animal MRI system equipped with powerful gradients, multi-channel receivers, broadband RF system, and Siemens console and software.
Optimized imaging protocols for translational studies. Applications include high-resolution anatomical imaging, perfusion imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, angiography, susceptibility weighted imaging, cardiac imaging and spectroscopic imaging.
HyperSenseTM - DNP for NMR the in-vitro DNP Polariser
Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation (DNP) is the method for obtaining strongly polarised nuclear spins in solution. HyperSenseTM allows sample to go through DNP and hence drives NMR sensitivity by increasing signal to noise ratio up to 10,000 times.
GE SPINlab MRI Hyperpolariser
GE SPINlab hyperpolariser is a clinical system which hyperpolarises metabolic substrates prior to injection to the subjects which improves its sensitivity in MRI by more than 20,000-fold. It uses hyperpolarized C-13 technology and allows rapid visualization of metabolism at the cellular level using an MRI scanner for metabolic imaging. This is used to study biochemical changes in disease processes non-invasively.
Isotopic molecular imaging is an indispensable tool in routine clinical practice and in preclinical research and drug development. Dual-modality isotopic imaging platforms available at SBIC include a Siemens Inveon PET-CT, Mediso Nano SPECT-CT and the world's first pre-clinical Mediso 7T MRI-PET system. These state-of-the-art imaging capabilities are supported by dedicated pre-clinical laboratory facilities for both imaging and radiochemistry for the production of PET and SPECT radiolabeled tracers for in vivo applications. These imaging modalities can be applied across a wide spectrum of drug development pipelines and characterization of disease pathologies, from assessment of target specificity, to in vivo therapeutic efficacy and evaluation of drug kinetics.
MEDISO Nanoscan SPECT-CT
MEDISO SPECT /CT system provides fully quantitative rodent SPECT imaging at sub millimeter resolution.For more information go to: www.mediso.com
Siemens Inveon PET-CT
Siemens Inveon PET/CT system allows versatile rodent imaging at high sensitivity providing fully quantitative PET/CT imaging with millimeter PET resolution and ultra-high CT resolution.For more information go to: www.healthcare.siemens.com
Mediso nano PET-MRI 3T
A preclinical small animal scanner for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). The superconducting 3 Tesla magnet allows MRI with a spatial resolution down to 100 µm and the PET has a resolution of 700 µm. For more information go to: www.mediso.com
Optical imaging encompasses a variety of techniques that use light to visualise cellular and molecular functions with high resolution and sensitivity in living systems. Optical methods include Raman microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, diffuse speckle contrast analysis, multifunctional fiber optic spectroscopy and multi-modal near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-Fluorescence-MRI. SBIC collaboration includes the development of cell-specific markers (SBIC-Nikon), and optoacousticimaging technologies for high resolution & deep penetration imaging such as multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (SBIC-iThera Medical), Raster scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy (SBIC-TUM) and photoacoustic microscopy (SBIC-MPA).
Renishaw InVia Raman Microscope
iThera Medical Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography
Preclinical MSOT System
iThera Raster Scanning Optoacoustic Mesoscopy
River Diagnostics Skin Component Analyser
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) –based detector Resonator


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One of my personal favourite memories as a footy fan is North Melbourne's 2015 elimination final win over the Richmond Tigers.
I distinctly remember sitting down at the Pancake Parlour in Melbourne Central (I'm a lifelong pancake lover) on the Saturday beforehand and reading every article in the paper related to the game.
There were plenty – and they were all of them about the Tigers. All of them declared how Richmond, finally, were ready to break their finals duck.
I probably read 20 or 30 articles about the game in advance of it that week. And the only one I found about North was a half-hearted attempt to explain why so little of the coverage was about North (and in looking to make this explanation, talked mostly about Richmond).
I went to the MCG with a feeling of absolute certainty that Tiger-loving news pundits be damned, this was going to be North Melbourne's day.
The North banner proudly stated "Tigers don't win finals – we do!" on one side, and "NMFC welcome refugees" on the other. Never has a club banner inspired more pride in me.
I had managed to secure a seat in North's cheersquad bay and had just about the best view of the action you could ask for in an MCG packed with more than 90,000 fans.
The first half wasn't the ideal start though – Richmond kicked nine goals to six and came away with a 13-point advantage at the halftime break.
I knew from watching the game that despite the scoreboard, we had been the better team. We had two more scoring shots and many of Richmond's goals had come from free kicks – not that the free kicks weren't there, but the Tigers weren't setting up genuine opportunities, they were being given them by a few poor mistakes.
Coach Damien Hardwick even said sometime after that the coaching team knew the halftime lead was a "false positive". They were being outplayed by the Roos, it just wasn't reflected on the scoreboard yet.
In the second half, it was. North kicked five goals to three in the third quarter to take a four-point lead, then four to two in the final term to run out the winners by 17.
There are key moments from that day that I have remembered with a smile on my face since and will do so for years to come.
Robin Nahas catching Troy Chaplin with the ball. Jarrad Waite kicking four to sink the Tigers' finals hopes (and not for the first time). Brent Harvey revving up the celebrating North cheersquad post-game after every other player had left the ground.
In the end though, nothing could beat the satisfaction of knowing that, despite the hype, Richmond were just not that good, and it had been my team who was lucky enough to deliver the AFL world a reminder of that.
Does that make me sound like a classic North fan with a chip on my shoulder hating the big, much-talked-about Tiges? Probably not an unfair label. I don't think there's anything wrong with a bit of footy schadenfreude every now and then if you know where the line is.
At the time Richmond were my most hated opposition team, the one I loved beating the most.
It frustrated me that I had never in my life seen them do anything worthwhile on the footy field, but they still got ten times the press of my beloved North, who were a halfway decent team at the time but getting little to no love for it.
Those days are over now, because in 2017, after 37 years of slumber, the sleeping giant finally stopped hitting the snooze button.
The story of Richmond's 2017 campaign has been told and retold enough times that there's no particular need for me to go into it here.
Besides, it's not like there's even the remotest chance I could ever sum it up half as good as Jay Croucher's epic longread "Destruction Tour: How the Tigers eviscerated the rest of the AFL and everything we thought we knew".
(Give it another read, Tiger fans. You know you want to.)
What is interesting to me lately is not just the fact that Richmond won in 2017, but how they've turned that victory into the launching pad for what could be an era of absolute domination.
For the last decade or so, Hawthorn, Geelong and Sydney have been the 'glamour' clubs of the competition.
These teams have won a remarkable nine of the last 13 premierships, with West Coast, Collingwood, the Bulldogs and now the Tigers the only other teams to taste flag success in that time.
Since 2006, the Hawks, Cats and Swans have qualified for finals 29 times out of a possible 33. They're all in with a strong chance of playing in September again this year.
When a smaller club wins a flag, we often ask the question of whether or not they can convert their success into becoming a larger fixture in the AFL landscape.
It was asked of North Melbourne when they won two in four years in the late 1990s and it might well have happened if the club's greatest era hadn't been derailed by scandal shortly after.
It was asked of the Western Bulldogs in 2016 but it doesn't look like happening. The Dogs just didn't have a list ready for sustained success.
Richmond, though? Richmond have taken their breakthrough flag as a chance to move permanently up the AFL foodchain. Perhaps right to the very top.
Case in point: this year they've signed up 97,331 members. That's an improvement 24,662 on their 2017 numbers.
Their new members alone outnumber the entire membership base of the Gold Coast Suns (11,477) or the Greater Western Sydney Giants (23,332), and are so very, very close to also overtaking the Brisbane Lions (24,730).
They made a profit of $3 million last year, have cash reserves of nearly $10 million, and a net asset position of $27 million. They'll probably make an even bigger profit in 2018, considering membership is up by 33 per cent.
Oh, and did I mention that they're (well, I'm tipping this at least) going to go back-to-back this year? There's maybe one team in the comp who has half a chance of knocking them off at the MCG (more on that some other week), and they're a serious longshot.
They've even gotten pretty hard to hate these days. It's difficult not to respect the leadership of Trent Cotchin, the class of Alex Rance, the passion of Jack Riewoldt, the power of Dustin Martin, the flair of Daniel Rioli.
More than anything else, I see a bond between the playing group as strong as any that has ever been, and I admire it – am sometimes even blown away by it.
Nothing sums it up better than the great man Cam Rose's latest Twitter bio: "The old Richmond can't come to the phone right now."
Why? Oh… cause it's dead!
In short: the Tigers are poised to become the AFL's apex predator. And they might be big enough to dominate the league to an extent that no club before them ever has.
How will we know? A second flag will go a long way, but the real race for supremacy might be found in October instead of September.
Right now, Tom J Lynch is deciding between Melbourne's three biggest clubs – Collingwood, Hawthorn and the Tiges – for where he'll play his footy in 2018.
(I guess he could also be considering staying with Gold Coast, if you happen to believe in the tooth fairy and other such things.)
Each club has its own drawcards.
Hawthorn has Alastair Clarkson, the best coach in the league. They also have, as pointed out by Mitch Cleary this week, some good history in keeping players on the park – of worthwhile consideration to a bloke whose season has ended early with a PCL injury.
Collingwood has both the allure of Lynch being able to play for the team he grew up supporting, and the promise of direct access to the opportunity to build a massive media profile through the assistance of club president Eddie McGuire.
Richmond, well, Richmond has everything I've already said here.
Which would you pick if you're a footy player right now – not just wanting to have some success in what's left of your career, but also hoping to set yourself up for life after footy by building your public profile and gaining some valuable media experience?
There are other machinations that come into it of course – most of the salary cap variety. It sounds like both Collingwood and Richmond will have to accept losing other players if they're to sign Lynch, so at some point one or both of those clubs is going to have to choose to bite the bullet.
We'll talk about that another week, too.
But if you were to pick right now which club you'd like to be the face of, which will be the dominant club in Victorian football for the next five or so years to come? You'd find it hard to say no to Richmond.
And if that happens, Heaven help us all. We've seen how Hawthorn and Geelong have been able to maintain sustained success by continuing to attract top-tier talent home to Victoria from interstate.
The Swans have done plenty in this respect too – and their success in luring players has been all the more admirable for the fact that moving to NSW goes against the grain for many, and that the AFL has actively tried to block them from doing it.
If the Tigers rise to the top of the pecking order for incoming trade talent – of which, it seems, there will always be plenty – then be afraid, very afraid.
We're looking at a Tiger Time with length like a Westeros Winter.


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All venues aren't even. A good musical experience can be entirely obsessed on the scene fitting individual needs (a bigger/smaller arena, the average age for the crowd, etc). Here's a dysfunction of probably the most famous venues in London so grab yourself some concert tickets and go and then determine some favorite music!
Members belonging to the Hare Krishna cult appeared to hang around airports, using shaved heads and yellow robes presenting flowers to individuals and working to get donations.
TIS: The primary photography was plagued with accidents, injuries, trips for the hospital rrncluding a swine flu epidemic that took out half men and women on define.
Yes, while. People are claiming to be what they never will definitely be. IS it because everyone really wants to be a different inividual or do they seem out produce fraud? Right after. Some 'Social Media' started as a faiytale and might be a huge business, perhaps this will not be a different or alternatively it is often a scam. Will be sure? the answer is, you need to.
Eric Church is possibly the freshest face in this line " up ". After years of struggling to get significant airplay he has seemed to lock into his fan base and his sound. He built his base of followers with dynamic events and party songs Smells Like Nirvana Concert Tickets "Smoke A little Smoke." Look ahead to mainstream record companies and critics to really start to pay attention to Church as his Concert Tickets continue to sell out (and bigger rooms keep filling) as well as his album sales sell growing. Church's sound (with the help of "Pontoon" producer Jay Joyce) has a gritty experimental vibe going without running shoes but his vocal twang is nearly as country as Willie Nelson.
Remember: You are one doing the interview for essential position will certainly ever hire someone for. Never play negligence the desperate stooge.
An thing to bear in mind when considering holiday gifts for your sweetheart is client her some product or service that will make her feel special. Regardless if your budget is limited or if you don't have a lot of time to stash. Just be sure to get her a break gift that she'll really appreciate. Women like gifts that all of them feel beautiful, pampered, desired and/or interested. They like gifts that will not require much function on their part; thus, no household appliances please! They want gifts that satisfy their interests and needs, not their husbands'.
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Many of us like to help out with our children's activities in our free time as it allows us a little insight into their world. Whether it is a sports team or just volunteering as a chaperone for a school … Continue reading
Tag Archives: Parenting
7 Gorgeous Baby Accessories to Add to Your Baby's Nursery
Oh, the happiness and joy that comes with expecting the newest addition to your family is really unlike any other. Decorating your new baby's nursery is right up there on the excitement list with picking out the little one's name … Continue reading
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[Keywords = numerical modeling]
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Numerical Simulation of Subsidence Caused by Roadway System
Piotr Polanin
Andrzej Kowalski
Andrzej Walentek
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2019 | vol. 64 | No 2
roadway system
numerical modeling
back analysis
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Exploitation of hard coal seams by roadway system is applied by two coal mines in southern Poland in Upper Silesian Basin. It is a secondary mining exploitation carries out in safety pillars of urban areas and shafts within mining areas of closed coal mines. Roadway system is the excavation process of gateways which are made in parallel order leaving coal pillars between them. An optimal width of coal pillar makes roadway stable and reduces subsidence of terrain surface. The article presents results of subsidence simulation caused by partial extraction using empirical and numerical methods on the example of one exploitation field of "Siltech" coal mine. The asymptotic state of subsidence was considered after mining ceased in the study area. In order to simulate of subsidence, numerical model of rock mass and model of Knothe-Budryk theory were calibrated. Simulation of vertical displacements in numerical method was carried out using RS3 program by Rocscience based on finite element method. The assumption was made that model of rock mass is transversely isotropic medium, in which panels were designed according to order of extraction of coal seams. The results of empirical and numerical methods were compared with measured values of subsidence at benchmarks along drawn lines (subsidence profiles).
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Influence of the Anhydrite Interbeds on a Stability of the Storage Caverns in the Mechelinki Salt Deposit (Northern Poland)
Marek Cała
Katarzyna Cyran
Michał Kowalski
Paweł Wilkosz
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 4
storage caverns
stability analysis
anhydrite interbeds
3D numerical modelling
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This paper presents a complex study of anhydrite interbeds influence on the cavern stability in the Mechelinki salt deposit. The impact of interbeds on the cavern shape and the stress concentrations were also considered. The stability analysis was based on the 3D numerical modelling. Numerical simulations were performed with use of the Finite Difference Method (FDM) and the FLAC3D v. 6.00 software. The numerical model in a cuboidal shape and the following dimensions: length 1400, width 1400, height 1400 m, comprised the part of the Mechelinki salt deposit. Three (K-6, K-8, K-9) caverns were projected inside this model. The mesh of the numerical model contained about 15 million tetrahedral elements. The occurrence of anhydrite interbeds within the rock salt beds had contributed to the reduction in a diameter and irregular shape of the analysed caverns. The results of the 3D numerical modelling had indicated that the contact area between the rock salt beds and the anhydrite interbeds is likely to the occurrence of displacements. Irregularities in a shape of the analysed caverns are prone to the stress concentration. However, the stability of the analysed caverns are not expected to be affected in the assumed operation conditions and time period (9.5 years).
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The Issue of Determining the Size of Main Excavations Protective Pillars in Deep Underground Copper Mines
Karolina Adach-Pawelus
Jan Butra
Daniel Pawelus
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 4
protective pillars
main excavations stability
deep underground copper mines
numerical modeling
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This article describes stability issues of main excavations in deep copper mines in Poland, from the perspective of mining work safety. To protect main transportation and ventilation routes, parts of rock are left untaken to form so-called protective pillars. The problem was to determine the size of main excavations protective pillars in deep underground copper mines in which provide stability of main excavations. The results of numerical simulations of the stability of protective pillars under specific geological and mining conditions are presented, covering: underground depth and width of protective pillar, number, size and layout geometry of protected excavations, as well as the impact of parameters of surrounding gob areas. Problem was solved applying numerical simulations based on the finite element method which were performed in a plane state of strain by means of Phase2 v. 8.0 software. The behavior of the rock mass under load was described by an elastic-plastic model. The Mohr-Coulomb criterion was used to assess the stability of the rock mass. The results of numerical modeling have practical applications in the designing of protective pillars primarily in determining their width. These results were used to prepare new guidelines for protective pillars in Polish copper mines in the Legnica-Glogow Copper District.
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Variation of Strata Pressure and Axial Bolt Load at a Coal Mine Face Under the Effect of A Fault
Hao Shi
Houquan Zhang
Lei Song
Yu Wu
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2019 | vol. 64 | No 2
FLAC3D numerical simulation
Axial bolt load
Strata behavior
Mining and Fault effect
Strain-softening model
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The cohesion and internal friction angle were characterized as quadratic functions of strain and were assumed to follow the Mohr-Coulomb criterion after the yield of peak strength. These mechanical parameters and their variations in post-peak softening stage can be exactly ascertained through the simultaneous solution based on the data points of stress-strain curves of triaxial compression tests. Taking the influence of the fault into account, the variation of strata pressure and roadway convergence with coal advancement, the temporal and spatial distribution of axial bolt load were numerically simulated by FLAC3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua) using the ascertained post-peak mechanical parameters according to the cohesion weakening and friction strengthening model. The change mechanism of axial load of single rock bolt as abutment pressure changes was analyzed, through the comparison analysis with the results of axial bolt load by field measurements at a coal mine face. The research results show that the simulated results such as the period of main roof weighting, temporal and spatial distribution of axial bolt load are in accordance with field measurement results, so the validity of the numerical model is testified. In front of the working face, the front abutment pressure increases first and then decreases, finally tends to be stable. A corresponding correlation exists between the variation of axial bolt load and rock deformation along the bolt body. When encountered by a fault, the maximum abutment pressure, the influential range of mining disturbance and the roadway convergence between roof and floor before the working face are all increased. In the roadways along the gob, axial bolt loads on the side of the working face decrease, while the other side one increases after the collapse of the roof. As superficial surrounding rock mass is damaged, the anchoring force of rock bolts will transfer to inner rock mass for balancing the tensile load of the bolts.
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Numerical model of the axial magnetic bearing with six cylindrical poles
Bartłomiej Marian Sikora
Adam Krzysztof Pilat
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2019 | vol. 68 | No 1
Active Magnetic Bearing
Axial Magnetic Bearing
finite element method
numerical model
COMSOL Multiphysics
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The paper presents a numerical model of the novel design of the axial magnetic bearing with six cylindrical poles. The motivation behind this idea was to eliminate vibrations in rotating machinery due to the axial load. Common conception of such a bearing provides a single component of the electromagnetic force, which is not enough to reduce transverse and lateral vibrations of the armature. The proposed design allows for avoiding wobbling of the disc with the use of a few axial force components that are able to actively compensate the axial load and stabilise the disc in a balanced position. Before a real device is manufactured, a virtual prototype should be prepared. The accurate numerical model will provide essential knowledge about the performance of the axial magnetic bearing.
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A model of hydrogen passive autocatalytic recombiner and its validation via CFD simulations
Magdalena Orszulik
Adam Fic
Tomasz Bury
Jan Składzień
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2013 | No 4 December
Nuclear reactor
Numerical modeling
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Passive autocatalytic recombiners (PAR) is the only used method for hydrogen removal from the containment buildings in modern nuclear reactors. Numerical models of such devices, based on the CFD approach, are the subject of this paper. The models may be coupled with two types of computer codes: the lumped parameter codes, and the computational fluid dynamics codes. This work deals with 2D numerical model of PAR and its validation. Gaseous hydrogen may be generated in water nuclear reactor systems in a course of a severe accident with core overheating. Therefore, a risk of its uncontrolled combustion appears which may be destructive to the containment structure.
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Numerical modeling and preliminary validation of drag-based vertical axis wind turbine
Andrzej J. Nowak
Tomasz Krysiński
Zbigniew Buliński
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2015 | No 1 March
numerical modeling
numerical axis wind turbine
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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The main purpose of this article is to verify and validate the mathematical description of the airflow around a wind turbine with vertical axis of rotation, which could be considered as representative for this type of devices. Mathematical modeling of the airflow around wind turbines in particular those with the vertical axis is a problematic matter due to the complex nature of this highly swirled flow. Moreover, it is turbulent flow accompanied by a rotation of the rotor and the dynamic boundary layer separation. In such conditions, the key aspects of the mathematical model are accurate turbulence description, definition of circular motion as well as accompanying effects like centrifugal force or the Coriolis force and parameters of spatial and temporal discretization. The paper presents the impact of the different simulation parameters on the obtained results of the wind turbine simulation. Analysed models have been validated against experimental data published in the literature.
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Simulation of Influence of Mechanical Elements on Karman Vortex Street Parameters
Grzegorz Pankanin
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2019 | vol. 65 | No 2
Karman vortex street
bluff body
vortex frequency
numerical modeling
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This work presents the results of numerical modeling of Karman vortex street generation performed with ANSYS/FLUENT package application. The influence of the mechanical elements located downstream of the bluff body on the vortex frequency has been found during earlier laboratory investigations. Five various geometrical configurations have been tested. Considerable differences in pictures of distributions of pressure, horizontal and vertical velocities have appeared for various configurations. Qualitative as well as quantitative results are presented in the paper. They confirm the significant dependence of the Karman vortex street parameters on the meter configuration.
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Application of the Polar WRF model for Svalbard - sensitivity to planetary boundary layer, radiationand microphysics schemes
Natalia Pilguj
Bartosz Czernecki
Maciej Kryza
Krzysztof Migała
Leszek Kolendowicz
Polish Polar Research | 2018 | vol. 39 | No 3
dynamical downscaling
parameterizations testing
numerical modeling
model evaluation
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This paper constitutes the sensitivity study of application the Polar WRF model to the Svalbard area with testing selected parameterizations, including planetary boundary layer, radiation and microphysics schemes. The model was configured, using three one-way nested domains with 27 km, 9 km and 3 km grid cell resolutions. Results from the innermost domain were presented and compared against measured wind speed and air temperature at 10 meteorological stations. The study period covers two months: June 2008 and January 2009. Significant differences between simulations results occurred for planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes in January 2009. The Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme resulted in the lowest errors for air temperature, according to mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE) and correlation coefficient values, where for wind speed this scheme was the worst from all the PBL schemes tested. In the case of June 2008, shortwave and longwave radiation schemes influenced the results the most. Generally, higher correlations were obtained for January, both for air temperature and wind speed. However, the model performs better for June in terms of ME and MAE error statistics. The results were also analyzed spatially, to summarize the uncertainty of the model results related to the analyzed parameterization schemes groups. Significant variability among simulations was calculated for January 2009 over the northern part of Spitsbergen and fjords for the PBL schemes. Standard deviations for monthly average simulated values were up to 3.5°C for air temperature and around 1 m s-1 for wind speed.
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Analiza dynamiczna uszkodzonego murowanego budynku naprawionego z zastosowaniem polimerowego złącza podatnego. = Dynamic analysis of damaged masonry building repaired with the flexible joint method
A. Kwiecień
P. Kuboń
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2012 | No 1
| 39-55
polymer flexible joint
dynamic analysis
numerical modeling
dynamic resistance
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The paper presents a dynamic analysis of the damaged masonry building repaired with the Flexible Joint Method. Numerical analysis helped to determine the effect of the applied repairing method on natural frequencies as well as values of stresses and accelerations in the analyzed variants of numerical model. They confirmed efficiency of the proposed repair method.
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Feasibility Study of Dez Arch Dam Heightening Based on Nonlinear Numerical Analysis of Existing Dam
M.A. Hariri-Ardebili
H. Mirzabozorg
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2013 | No 1
| 21-49
Arch dam
numerical modeling
nonlinear analysis
Safety evaluation
Load combination
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The Dez dam was commissioned in 1963 and since sediments accumulated in the reservoir up to an elevation of approximately 15m below the intake of the power tunnel. One of the possible measures to improve operation of the reservoir is by heightening of the existing dam. This paper describes the conducted procedure for static and thermal calibration of this 203m dam in Iran based on micro geodesies measurements. Also the nonlinear response of existing dam is investigated under maximum credible earthquake ground motions considering joint behavior and mass concrete cracking and safety of dam is evaluated for possible heightening. For thermal calibration of provided numerical model, transient thermal analysis was conducted and results were compared with thermometers records installed in central block. In addition, for static calibration; thermal distribution within dam body, dam self weight, hydrostatic pressure and silt load applied on the 3D fi nite element model of dam-reservoir-foundation were considered. Results show that the distribution of stresses will be critical within dam for heightening case under seismic loads in MCL.
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Modelling of the Dendritic Crystallization by the Cellular Automaton Method
Z. Konopka
M. Łągiewka
A. Zyska
M. Nadolski
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2016 | No 1
Numerical modelling
Cellular automata
Binary alloys
Structure modeling
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A numerical model of binary alloy crystallization, based on the cellular automaton technique, is presented. The model allows to follow the crystallization front movement and to generate the images of evolution of the dendritic structures during the solidification of a binary alloy. The mathematic description of the model takes into account the proceeding thermal, diffusive, and surface phenomena. There are presented the results of numerical simulations concerning the multi-dendritic growth of solid phase along with the accompanying changes in the alloying element concentration field during the solidification of Al + 5% wt. Mg alloy. The model structure of the solidified casting was achieved and compared with the actual structure of a die casting. The dendrite interaction was studied with respect to its influence on the generation and growth of the primary and secondary dendrite arms and on the evolution of solute segregation both in the liquid and in the solid state during the crystallization of the examined alloy. The morphology of a single, free-growing dendritic crystal was also modelled. The performed investigations and analyses allowed to state e.g. that the developed numerical model correctly describes the actual evolution of the dendritic structure under the non-equilibrium conditions and provides for obtaining the qualitatively correct results of simulation of the crystallization process.
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Pulsed Focused Nonlinear Acoustic Fields from Clinically Relevant Therapeutic Sources in Layered Media: Experimental Data and Numerical Prediction Results
Tamara Kujawska
Archives of Acoustics | 2012 | vol. 37 | No 3
therapeutic ultrasound
circular focused transducers
pulsed nonlinear acoustic pressure beams
layered media
numerical modeling and experiments
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In many therapeutic applications of a pulsed focused ultrasound with various intensities the finite- amplitude acoustic waves propagate in water before penetrating into tissues and their local heating. Water is used as the matching, cooling and harmonics generating medium. In order to design ultrasonic probes for various therapeutic applications based on the local tissue heating induced in selected organs as well as to plan ultrasonic regimes of treatment a knowledge of pressure variations in pulsed focused nonlinear acoustic beams produced in layered media is necessary. The main objective of this work was to verify experimentally the applicability of the recently developed numerical model based on the Time- Averaged Wave Envelope (TAWE) approach (Wójcik et al., 2006) as an effective research tool for predicting the pulsed focused nonlinear fields produced in two-layer media comprising of water and tested materials (with attenuation arbitrarily dependent on frequency) by clinically relevant axially-symmetric therapeutic sources. First, the model was verified in water as a reference medium with known linear and nonlinear acoustic properties. The measurements in water were carried out at a 25◦C temperature using a 2.25 MHz circular focused (f/3.0) transducer with an effective diameter of 29 mm. The measurement results obtained for 8-cycle tone bursts with three different initial pressure amplitudes varied between 37 kPa and 113 kPa were compared with the numerical predictions obtained for the source boundary condition parameters determined experimentally. The comparison of the experimental results with those simulated numerically has shown that the model based on the TAWE approach predicts well both the spatial-peak and spatial-spectral pressure variations in the pulsed focused nonlinear beams produced by the transducer used in water for all excitation levels complying with the condition corresponding to weak or moderate source-pressure levels. Quantitative analysis of the simulated nonlinear beams from circular transducers with ka ≫ 1 allowed to show that the axial distance at which sudden accretion of the 2nd or higher harmonics amplitude appears is specific for this transducer regardless of the excitation level providing weak to moderate nonlinear fields. For the transducer used, the axial distance at which the 2nd harmonics amplitude suddenly begins to grow was found to be equal to 60 mm. Then, the model was verified experimentally for two-layer parallel media comprising of a 60-mm water layer and a 60-mm layer of 1.3-butanediol (99%, Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Steinheim, Germany). This medium was selected because of its tissue-mimicking acoustic properties and known nonlinearity parameter B/A. The measurements of both, the peak- and harmonic-pressure variations in the pulsed nonlinear acoustic beams produced in two-layer media (water/1.3-butanediol) were performed for the same source boundary conditions as in water. The measurement results were compared with those simulated numerically. The good agreement between the measured data and numerical calculations has shown that the model based on the TAWE approach is well suited to predict both the peak and harmonic pressure variations in the pulsed focused nonlinear sound beams produced in layered media by clinically relevant therapeutic sources. Finally, the pulsed focused nonlinear fields from the transducer used in two-layer media: water/castor oil, water/silicone oil (Dow Corning Ltd., Coventry, UK), water/human brain and water/pig liver were predicted for various values of the nonlinearity parameter of tested media.
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Online Monitoring System of Air Distribution in Pulverized Coal-Fired Boiler Based on Numerical Modeling
Paweł Madejski
Piotr Żymełka
Daniel Nabagło
Tomasz Janda
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2017 | No 4
pulverized coal-fired boiler
air distribution
online monitoring system
coal combustion
combustion airflow measurement
numerical modeling
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Balanced distribution of air in coal-fired boiler is one of the most important factors in the combustion process and is strongly connected to the overall system efficiency. Reliable and continuous information about combustion airflow and fuel rate is essential for achieving optimal stoichiometric ratio as well as efficient and safe operation of a boiler. Imbalances in air distribution result in reduced boiler efficiency, increased gas pollutant emission and operating problems, such as corrosion, slagging or fouling. Monitoring of air flow trends in boiler is an effective method for further analysis and can help to appoint important dependences and start optimization actions. Accurate real-time monitoring of the air distribution in boiler can bring economical, environmental and operational benefits. The paper presents a novel concept for online monitoring system of air distribution in coal-fired boiler based on real-time numerical calculations. The proposed mathematical model allows for identification of mass flow rates of secondary air to individual burners and to overfire air (OFA) nozzles. Numerical models of air and flue gas system were developed using software for power plant simulation. The correctness of the developed model was verified and validated with the reference measurement values. The presented numerical model for real-time monitoring of air distribution is capable of giving continuous determination of the complete air flows based on available digital communication system (DCS) data.
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Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Alloy Behavior Feeding by Pulse-Step Method to Liquid Steel in One Strand Slab Tundish
A. Cwudziński
B. Gajda
A. Hutny
J. Jowsa
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 4
pulse-step alloying method
liquid steel
physical trials
numerical modeling
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The main purpose of the present work was to validate the numerical model for the pulse-step liquid steel alloying method using a physical simulator that enables the observation and recording of phenomena occurring during the continuous steel casting process. The facility under investigation was a single-nozzle tundish equipped with a dam. To physical trials the glass water model was made on a scale of 2:5. For the mathematical description of turbulence during liquid steel alloying process, the k-ε and k-ω models were employed in the simulations. Based on the computer simulations and physical trials carried out, alloy addition behaviour and mixing curves for different tundish alloy addition feeding positions were obtained. The change in the location of alloy addition feeding to the liquid steel had an effect on the process of alloy addition spread in the liquid steel bulk and on the mixing time.
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The Mathematical Model of Hydrodynamics and Heat and Mass Transfer at Formation of Steel Ingots and Castings
V.I. Bondarenko
V.V. Bilousov
F.V. Nedopekin
J.I. Shalapko
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2015 | No 1
mathematical model
numerical modeling
Steel ingot
Turbulent convection
Expert system
Physical statement of problem
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The generic mathematical model and computational algorithm considering hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer processes during casting and forming steel ingots and castings are offered. Usage domains for turbulent, convective and non-convective models are determined depending on ingot geometry and thermal overheating of the poured melt. The expert system is developed, enabling to choose a mathematical model depending on the physical statement of a problem.
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A description of the sources of magnetic field using edge values of the current vector potential
Rafał M. Wojciechowski
Cezary Jędryczka
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2018 | vol. 67 | No 1
numerical modeling
edge element analysis
current vector potential T0
stranded windings
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Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Response of a SAW Structure with WO3 Layers on Action of Carbon Monoxide
Tomasz Hejczyk
Marian Urbańczyk
Tadeusz Pustelny
Wiesław Jakubik
Archives of Acoustics | 2015 | vol. 40 | No 1
gas sensor
carbon monoxide CO
piezoelectric substrate
numerical modeling
surface acous- tic waves
acoustoelectric effects
Ingebrigtsen's formula
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The paper presents the results of an analysis of gaseous sensors based on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) by means of the equivalent model theory. The applied theory analyzes the response of the SAW sensor in the steady state affected by carbon monoxide (CO) in air. A thin layer of WO3 has been used as a sensor layer. The acoustical replacing impedance of the sensor layer was used, which takes into account the profile of the concentration of gas molecules in the layer. Thanks to implementing the Ingebrigtsen equation, the authors determined analytical expressions for the relative changes of the velocity of the surface acoustic wave in the steady state. The results of the analysis have shown that there is an optimum thickness of the layer of CO sensor at which the acoustoelectric effect (manifested here as a change in the acoustic wave velocity) is at its highest. The theoretical results were verified and confirmed experimentally
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|It's a sign, I tell ya! A sign!
|It feels like there should be more.
|At the crossroads of the universe stands... Deep Space Nine.
|A few of my babies.
To the few of you who purchased any of my books in paperback or ebook, thank you so much. I appreciate it and I hope you enjoy the books.
Speaking of which, I should probably get back to writing. I'd hate to disappoint the fortune cookie. :)


text:
beware the great have-not
Unlike Islamo-fascism, Energo-fascism will, in time, affect nearly every person on the planet. Either we will be compelled to participate in or finance foreign wars to secure vital supplies of energy, such as the current conflict in Iraq; or we will be at the mercy of those who control the energy spigot, like the customers of the Russian energy juggernaut Gazprom in Ukraine, Belarus, and Georgia; or sooner or later we may find ourselves under constant state surveillance, lest we consume more than our allotted share of fuel or engage in illicit energy transactions. This is not simply some future dystopian nightmare, but a potentially all-encompassing reality whose basic features, largely unnoticed, are developing today.
These include:
* The transformation of the U.S. military into a global oil protection service whose primary mission is to defend America's overseas sources of oil and natural gas, while patrolling the world's major pipelines and supply routes.
* The transformation of Russia into an energy superpower with control over Eurasia's largest supplies of oil and natural gas and the resolve to convert these assets into ever increasing political influence over neighboring states.
* A ruthless scramble among the great powers for the remaining oil, natural gas, and uranium reserves of Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia, accompanied by recurring military interventions, the constant installation and replacement of client regimes, systemic corruption and repression, and the continued impoverishment of the great majority of those who have the misfortune to inhabit such energy-rich regions.
* Increased state intrusion into, and surveillance of, public and private life as reliance on nuclear power grows, bringing with it an increased threat of sabotage, accident, and the diversion of fissionable materials into the hands of illicit nuclear proliferators.
Together, these and related phenomena constitute the basic characteristics of an emerging global Energo-fascism. Disparate as they may seem, they all share a common feature: increasing state involvement in the procurement, transportation, and allocation of energy supplies, accompanied by a greater inclination to employ force against those who resist the state's priorities in these areas. As in classical twentieth century fascism, the state will assume ever greater control over all aspects of public and private life in pursuit of what is said to be an essential national interest: the acquisition of sufficient energy to keep the economy functioning and public services (including the military) running.
. . .
All of these countries [United States, China, Japan, and the European powers] have undertaken major reviews of energy policy in recent years, and all have come to the same conclusion: Market forces alone can no longer be relied upon to satisfy essential national energy requirements, and so the state must assume ever-increasing responsibility for performing this role. This was, for example, the fundamental conclusion of the National Energy Policy adopted by the Bush administration on May 17, 2001 and followed slavishly ever since, just as it is the official stance of China's Communist regime. When resistance to such efforts is encountered, moreover, government officials only wield the power of the state more regularly and with a heavier hand to achieve their objectives, whether through trade sanctions, embargoes, arrests and seizures, or the outright use of force.
. . . Already we have the beginnings of the energy equivalent of a classic arms race, combined with many of the elements of the "Great Game" as once played by colonial powers in some of the same parts of the world. By militarizing the energy policies of consuming nations and enhancing the repressive capacities of client regimes, the foundations are being laid for an Energo-fascist world.
. . .
Of course, senior officials and foreign policy elites are generally loath to acknowledge such crass motivations for the utilization of military force -- they much prefer to talk about spreading democracy and fighting terrorism. Every once in a while, however, a hint of this deep energy-based conviction rises to the surface. Especially revealing is a November 2006 task force report from the Council on Foreign Relations on "National Security Consequences of U.S. Oil Dependency." Co-chaired by former Secretary of Defense James R. Schlesinger and former CIA Director John Deutsch, and endorsed by a slew of elite policy wonks from both parties, the report trumpeted the usual to-be-ignored calls for energy efficiency and conservation at home, but then struck just the militaristic note first voiced in the 2000 CSIS report (which Schlesinger also co-chaired): "Several standard operations of U.S. regionally deployed forces [presumably Centcom and Pacom] have made important contributions to improving energy security, and the continuation of such efforts will be necessary in the future. U.S. naval protection of the sea-lanes that transport oil is of paramount importance." The report also called for stepped up U.S. naval engagement in the Gulf of Guinea off the coast of Nigeria.
When expressing such views, U.S. policymakers often adopt an altruistic stance, claiming that the United States is performing a "social good" by protecting the global oil flow on behalf of the world community.
. . .
The last face of Energo-fascism to be discussed here is the inevitable rise in state surveillance and repression attendant on an expected increase in nuclear power. As oil and natural gas become scarcer, government and industry leaders will undoubtedly push for a greater reliance on nuclear power to provide additional energy. This is a program likely to gain greater momentum from rising concerns over global warming -- largely a result of carbon-dioxide emissions created during the combustion of oil, gas, and coal.
. . .
The only way to increase reliance on nuclear power, therefore, is to federalize the permit process by shunting local agencies aside and giving federal bureaucrats the unfettered power to issue permits for the construction of new reactors.
Unlikely, you say? Well consider this: The Energy Policy Act of 2005 established a significant precedent for the federalization of such authority by depriving state and local officials of their power to approve the placement of natural gas "regasification" plants. These are mammoth facilities used to reconvert liquified natural gas, transported by ship from foreign suppliers, into a gas that can then be delivered by pipeline to customers in the United States. Several localities on the East and West coasts had fought the construction of such plants in their harbors for fear that they might explode (not an entirely far-fetched concern) or become targets for terrorists, but they have now lost their legal power to do so. So much for local democracy.
Here's my worry: That some future administration will push through an amendment to the Energy Policy Act giving the federal government the same sort of placement authority for nuclear reactors that it now has for regasification plants. The feds then announce plans to build dozens or even hundreds of new reactors in or near places like Boston, New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Denver, and so on, claiming an urgent need for additional energy. People protest en masse. Local officials, sympathetic to the protestors, refuse to arrest them in droves. But now we're speaking of defiance of federal, not state or municipal, ordinances. Ergo, the National Guard or the regular Army is called up to quell the protests and protect the reactor sites — Energo-fascism in action.
(from "Is Energo-fascism in Your Future? The Global Energy Race and Its Consequences," Part 1 & Part 2 by Michael T. Klare, professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College and the author of Blood and Oil: The Dangers and Consequences of America's Growing Dependence on Imported Petroleum (Owl Books
At present the world is experiencing a new age of imperialism marked by a U.S. grand strategy of global domination. One indication of how things have changed is that the U.S. military is now truly global in its operations with permanent bases on every continent, including Africa, where a new scramble for control is taking place focused on oil.
. . .
For the United States today what is at stake is no longer control of a mere portion of the globe, but a truly global Pax Americana. Although some commentators have seen the latest U.S. imperial thrust as the work of a small cabal of neoconservatives within the Bush administration, the reality is one of broad concurrence within the U.S. power structure on the necessity of expanding the U.S. empire. One recent collection, including contributions by administration critics, is entitled The Obligation of Empire: United States' Grand Strategy for a New Century.
. . .
Iran's geopolitical importance, moreover, stretches far beyond the Middle East. It is a key prize (as in the case also of Afghanistan) in the New Great Game for control of all of South-Central Asia, including the Caspian Sea Basin with its enormous fossil fuel reserves. U.S. strategic planners are obsessed with fears of an Asian energy-security grid, in which Russia, China, Iran, and the Central Asian countries (possibly also including Japan) would come together economically and in an energy accord to break the U.S. and Western stranglehold on the world oil and gas market—creating the basis for a general shift of world power to the East. At present China, the world's fastest growing economy, lacks energy security even as its demand for fossil fuels is rapidly mounting. It is attempting to solve this partly through greater access to the energy resources of Iran and the Central Asian states. Recent U.S. attempts to establish a stronger alliance with India, with Washington bolstering India's status as a nuclear power, are clearly part of this New Great Game for control of South-Central Asia—reminiscent of the nineteenth-century Great Game between Britain and Russia for control of this part of Asia.
The New Scramble for Africa
If there is a New Great Game afoot in Asia there is also a "New Scramble for Africa" on the part of the great powers. The National Security Strategy of the United States of 2002 declared that "combating global terror" and ensuring U.S. energy security required that the United States increase its commitments to Africa and called upon "coalitions of the willing" to generate regional security arrangements on that continent. Soon after the U.S. European Command, based in Stuttgart, Germany—in charge of U.S. military operations in Sub-Saharan Africa—increased its activities in West Africa, centering on those states with substantial oil production and/or reserves in or around the Gulf of Guinea (stretching roughly from the Ivory Coast to Angola). The U.S. military's European Command now devotes 70 percent of its time to African affairs, up from almost nothing as recently as 2003.
. . .
At present the main, permanent U.S. military base in Africa is the one established in 2002 in Djibouti in the Horn of Africa, giving the United States strategic control of the maritime zone through which a quarter of the world's oil production passes. The Djibouti base is also in close proximity to the Sudanese oil pipeline. (The French military has long had a major presence in Djibouti and also has an air base at Abeche, Chad on the Sudanese border.) The Djibouti base allows the United States to dominate the eastern end of the broad oil swath cutting across Africa that it now considers vital to its strategic interests—a vast strip running southwest from the 994-mile Higleig-Port Sudan oil pipeline in the east to the 640-mile Chad-Cameroon pipeline and the Gulf of Guinea in the West. A new U.S. forward-operating location in Uganda gives the United States the potential of dominating southern Sudan, where most of that country's oil is to be found.
In West Africa, the U.S. military's European Command has now established forward-operating locations in Senegal, Mali, Ghana, and Gabon—as well as Namibia, bordering Angola on the south—involving the upgrading of airfields, the pre-positioning of critical supplies and fuel, and access agreements for swift deployment of U.S. troops. In 2003 it launched a counterterrorism program in West Africa, and in March 2004 U.S. Special Forces were directly involved in a military operation with Sahel countries against the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat—on Washington's list of terrorist organizations. The U.S. European Command is developing a coastal security system in the Gulf of Guinea called the Gulf of Guinea Guard. It has also been planning the construction of a U.S. naval base in São Tomé and Principe, which the European Command has intimated could rival the U.S. naval base at Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean. The Pentagon is thus moving aggressively to establish a military presence in the Gulf of Guinea that will allow it to control the western part of the broad trans-Africa oil strip and the vital oil reserves now being discovered there. Operation Flintlock, a start-up U.S. military exercise in West Africa in 2005, incorporated 1,000 U.S. Special Forces. The U.S. European Command will be conducting exercises for its new rapid-reaction force for the Gulf of Guinea this summer.
Here the flag is following trade: the major U.S. and Western oil corporations are all scrambling for West African oil and demanding security. The U.S. military's European Command, the Wall Street Journal reported in its April 25th issue, is also working with the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to expand the role of U.S. corporations in Africa as part of an "integrated U.S. response." . . .
The U.S. military buildup in Africa is frequently justified as necessary both to fight terrorism and to counter growing instability in the oil region of Sub-Saharan Africa. . . .
Hence there are incessant calls and no lack of seeming justifications for U.S. "humanitarian interventions" in Africa. The Council on Foreign Relations report More than Humanitarianism insists that "the United States and its allies must be ready to take appropriate action" in Darfur in Sudan "including sanctions and, if necessary, military intervention, if the Security Council is blocked from doing so." Meanwhile the notion that the U.S. military might before long need to intervene in Nigeria is being widely floated among pundits and in policy circles. Atlantic Monthly correspondent Jeffrey Taylor wrote in April 2006 that Nigeria has become "the largest failed state on earth," and that a further destabilization of that state, or its takeover by radical Islamic forces, would endanger "the abundant oil reserves that America has vowed to protect. Should that day come, it would herald a military intervention far more massive than the Iraqi campaign."
Still, U.S. grand strategists are clear that the real issues are not the African states themselves and the welfare of their populations but oil and China's growing presence in Africa. . . .
What is certain is that the U.S empire is being enlarged to encompass parts of Africa in the rapacious search for oil. The results could be devastating for Africa's peoples. Like the old scramble for Africa this new one is a struggle among great powers for resources and plunder—not for the development of Africa or the welfare of its population.
. . .
U.S. imperial grand strategy is less a product of policies generated in Washington by this or that wing of the ruling class, than an inevitable result of the power position that U.S. capitalism finds itself in at the commencement of the twenty-first century. U.S. economic strength (along with that of its closest allies) has been ebbing fairly steadily. The great powers are not likely to stand in the same relation to each other economically two decades hence. At the same time U.S. world military power has increased relatively with the demise of the Soviet Union. The United States now accounts for about half of all of the world's military spending—a proportion two or more times its share of world output.
The goal of the new U.S. imperial grand strategy is to use this unprecedented military strength to preempt emerging historical forces by creating a sphere of full-spectrum dominance so vast, now encompassing every continent, that no potential rivals will be able to challenge the United States decades down the line. This is a war against the peoples of the periphery of the capitalist world and for the expansion of world capitalism, particularly U.S. capitalism. But it is also a war to secure a "New American Century" in which third world nations are viewed as "strategic assets" within a larger global geopolitical struggle.
(from ""A Warning to Africa: The New U.S. Imperial Grand Strategy," Monthly Review, June 2006, by John Bellamy Foster, author of Naked Imperialism: The U.S. Pursuit of Global Dominance)
Nicola Nasser [3 Jan 2007]:
The U.S. foreign policy blundering has created a new violent hotbed of anti-Americanism in the turbulent Horn of Africa by orchestrating the Ethiopian invasion of another Muslim capital of the Arab League, in a clear American message that no Arab or Muslim metropolitan has impunity unless it falls into step with the U.S. vital regional interests.
The U.S.-backed Ethiopian invasion of the Somali capital, Mogadishu, on Dec. 28 is closely interlinked in motivation, methods, goals and results to the U.S. bogged down regional blunders in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria and Sudan as well as in Iran and Afghanistan, but mainly in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories.
Mogadishu is the third Arab metropolitan after Jerusalem and Baghdad to fall to the U.S. imperial drive, either directly or indirectly through Israeli, Ethiopian or other proxies, and the fourth if the temporary Israeli occupation of Beirut in 1982 is remembered; the U.S. endeavor to redraw the map of the Middle East is reminiscent of the British-French Sykes-Pico colonial dismembering of the region and is similarly certain to give rise to grassroots Pan-Arab rejection and awaking with the Pan-Islamic unifying force as a major component.
The U.S. blunder in Somalia could not be more humiliating to Somalis: Washington has delegated to its Ethiopian ally, Mogadishu's historical national enemy, the mission of restoring the rule of law and order to the same country Addis Ababa has incessantly sought to dismember and disintegrate and singled Ethiopia out as the only neighboring country to contribute the backbone of the U.S.-suggested and U.N.-adopted multinational foreign force for Somalia after the Ethiopian invasion, thus setting the stage for a wide-spread insurgency and creating a new violent hotbed of anti-Americanism.
. . .
Pre-empting intensive Arab, Muslim and European mediation efforts between the UIC and the transitional government, Washington moved quickly to clinch the UN Security Council resolution 1725 on Dec. 6, recognizing the Baidoa government organized in Kenya by U.S. regional allies and dominated by the warlords as the legitimate authority in Somalia after sending Army Gen. John Abizaid, head of U.S. Central Command, to Addis Ababa in November for talks with Prime Minister Meles Zenawi on bailing out the besieged transitional government by coordinating an Ethiopian military intervention.
Resolution 1725 also urged that all member states, "in particular those in the region," to refrain from interference in Somalia, but hardly the ink of the resolution dried than Washington was violating it by providing training, intelligence and consultation to at least 8,000 Ethiopian troops who rushed into Baidoa and its vicinity before the major Ethiopian invasion, a fact that was repeatedly denied by both Washington and Addis Ababa but confirmed by independent sources.
. . .
Real Security Concerns of Ethiopia
Regionally, the U.S. pretexts used by Addis Ababa to justify its invasion could thinly veil the land locked Ethiopia's historical and strategic aspiration for an outlet on the Red Sea by using the Somali land as the only available approach to its goal after the independence of Eritrea deprived it of the sea port of Assab.
Agreed upon peaceful arrangements with Somalia and Eritrea is the only other option that would grant Ethiopia access to sea - whether to the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and Bab el Mandeb or the Arabian Sea, and through these sea lanes to the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean. This option is pre-empted by the empirical dreams of Greater Ethiopia that tempted the successive regimes of Emperor Hailie Selassie, the military Marxist rule of Mengistu Haile Mariam and the incumbent U.S.-backed oppressive regime of Meles Zinawi, which were deluded by the military means of the only country with a semblance of a nation state and a military might in a regional neighborhood disintegrated into the poorest communities of the world by tribal strife left over by the British, French and Italian western colonialist powers; hence the Ethiopian wars with Eritrea and Somalia.
The Eritrean fear of an Ethiopian invasion of Assab via Somalia is realistic and legitimate, given the facts that Ethiopia's borders are, like Israel's, still not demarcated, its yearning for an access to sea as a strategic goal is still valid and its military option to achieve this goal is still not dropped because of the virtual state of war that still governs its relations with both Somalia and Eritrea. Hence the reports about the Eritrean intervention in Somalia, denied by Asmara, and the regional and international warnings against the possible development of the Ethiopian invasion into a wider regional conflict that could also involve Djibouti and Kenya.
Internally in Ethiopia, the successive regimes since Hailie Selassie were dealing with the demographic structure of the country as a top state secret and incessantly floating the misleading image of Ethiopia as the Christian nation it has been for hundreds of years, but hardly veiling the independent confirmation that at least half of the population are now Muslims, a fact that is not represented in the structure of the ruling elite but also a fact that explains the oppressive policies of the incumbent U.S.-backed regime.
. . .
Ethiopia's justification of its invasion by Washington's pretexts of the U.S. war on terror is misleading and encouraging Addis Ababa to justify its invasion by the "Islamic threat," leading some UIC leaders to declare "Jihad" against the "Christian invasion" of their country and in doing so contributing to turning an Ethiopian internal and regional miscalculations into seemingly "Muslim-Christian" war, which have more provocateurs in Addis Ababa than in Mogadishu.
The sectarian war among Muslims fomented by the U.S.-led occupation of Iraq within the context of "divide and rule" policy could now be coupled with a "religious war" in the Horn of Africa to protect the U.S. military presence that is "defending" the Arab oil wealth in the Arabian Peninsula and Iraq against a threat to its mobility from the south, a war that could drive a new wedge between Arabs and their neighbors, in a replay of the Iran-Iraq war in the 1980s, and in tandem with a 60-year old Israeli strategy of sowing divide between them and their Ethiopian, Iranian and Turkish geopolitical strategic depth.
(from "Somali: New Hotbed of Anti-Americanism, The Latest Misadventure" Counterpunch, 3 Jan 2007, by Nicola Nasser, a veteran Arab journalist based in Ramallah, West Bank of the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories)
U.S. Air Strikes in Somalia Condemned for Killing Innocent Civilians
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan 19 (OneWorld) . . . According to the human rights organization Oxfam, U.S. and Ethiopian air strikes in Somalia last week killed 70 nomadic herdsmen who had no connection to any international terrorist group, including al-Qaeda, which the Pentagon said was the target of its attacks.
"There were no combatants amongst them," Oxfam's Wyger Wentholt said from neighboring Kenya.
"We suppose that it was a mistake and that they were wrongfully targeted," he said. "It could possibly be related to a bonfire that the herdsmen had lit at night, but that's something they normally do to keep animals and mosquitoes away from their herd."
Oxfam received its information from local Somali organizations that have been providing communities in the country's Afmadow district with emergency medical supplies, essential household items, and water chlorination services, as well as distributing food in areas where food is not locally available.
Wenthold said essential water sources were also damaged in the bombing.
The United Nations' refugee agency, UNHCR, also reported that an estimated 100 people were wounded by U.S. AC-130 gun-ships firing on the Somalia-Kenya border area of Ras Kamboni.
The human rights organization Amnesty International also protested the air strikes, noting that international humanitarian law prohibits direct attacks on civilians as well as attacks that do not distinguish between military targets and civilians, and those that, although aimed at a military target, have a disproportionate impact on civilians or civilian objects.
. . .
"The situation is not yet calming down," cautioned Oxfam's Wentholt. "There are indications that conflict will persist and I think that depends a lot on what comes out of the political developments."
Since late December, Oxfam estimates violence in Somalia has forced an estimated 70,000 people from their homes, and has exacerbated an already dire humanitarian situation. Last year, Somalia was hit first by severe drought and then the worst flooding in 50 years, leaving some 400,000 people homeless.
U.S. AC-130 'gun-ship'


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Cut off the handle .. interesting that one side attaches to the zipper itself. I have a longer silver handle in my inventory that I'll use instead.
Taped the inside edges and around the button to guard against paint getting in this areas.
Stuffed the bag with newspapers. Picked two shades of blue and painted the outside of the bag.


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Generalized anxiety shows certain symptoms and characteristics, but the major ones are uncontrollable and excessively worry about virtually every situation. One of the major signs to look out for in generalized anxiety is that the length of time in terms of the anxiety that the individual is experiencing is grossly disproportional to the real cause of the worry, which in turn results in a serious disturbance in the individual's every day's activities.
Generalized anxiety causes excessive worry in individuals who are affected with the condition. The things being worried about include finances, jobs and health issues. These people also worry about matters that are even trivial such as meeting up with deadlines, making workspace orderly, as well as anxiety about the neatness of their environment.
When it sets in, generalized anxiety may last for six months or even more. One of the significant characteristics of this condition is that the patient finds it difficult to control the feelings of worry that he or she is experiencing inside. The symptoms that accompany this condition will usually include restlessness, loss of concentration, feeling of fatigue, tensed muscles, irritability, sleeplessness, cold sweat and blankness. Other physical symptoms that may come with the condition include disruption in the individual's social and occupational life. At this point, generalized anxiety would be on its peak.
The Risk is Higher in Women
The belief is that women are at a much higher risk of experiencing generalized anxiety than men. According to a study, nearly 3 percent of adults in America (between the ages of 18 and 54) have suffered generalized anxiety at one point in their lives. This simply means that about 4 million people in America have at one point been identified with generalized anxiety. There is no age limit as the condition may surface in early childhood and even during adolescent years. Also, several adults experience the condition. Another major finding is that generalized anxiety affects more women than men. The estimated figure shows that as many as 75 percent of people identified with the condition are women.
Some researches that were carried out showed that generalized anxiety could be triggered by stress. The researches also suggested that the condition could be hereditary since it seems to run in some family histories. The symptoms of this condition tend to manifest slower when compared to other forms of anxiety disorders. If no remedy is sought as soon as possible, anxiety disorder will eventually develop into a chronic condition.
The good news is that generalized anxiety can be treated. Once you notice the symptoms and characteristics mentioned earlier, visit a physician as soon as possible. Your doctor will prescribe some medications for the condition. The most effective way to tackle the condition is to combine medication and therapy.
The individual needs to have a new mindset that focuses on the positive aspects of life, which helps to speed up recovery and probably cure the condition. If not, treatment will only provide temporary relief but may not eliminate the condition completely. If you are experiencing symptoms of generalized anxiety, talk to someone as soon as possible.


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Discover our luxury ultra-all-inclusive camping area, a first in Turkey, that will be established in Lykia World's spectacular nature of 1 million square meters!
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