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- 1 What Is Definition Of A Parma Health Club?
- 2 Choosing A Health and Fitness Center in Parma OH
- 3 Are Health Club Dues Itemized Deductions?
- 4 Are Health Club Memberships HSA Eligible?
- 5 More Parma OH Info
What Is Definition Of A Parma Health Club?
If you have actually had a particularly stressful day, a half-hour walk at the fitness center track or on the treadmill can supply the psychological lift and also stress and anxiety decrease you need, according to the Mayo Clinic. Yet those who experience occasional tiffs or a slump in their emotion aren't the only ones that can take advantage of regular trips to the fitness center. The Mayo Center finds that normal workout could make a large difference for some people by aiding to ease signs of anxiousness as well as clinical depression.
Psychological and also Physiological Results That Profit You Psychologically
As you begin your exercise, your brain's neurotransmitters – one of its chemical messengers – link memory with muscular tissue to get you relocating, according to the Franklin Institute. At the exact same time, the stress and anxiety hormones cortisol and also adrenaline are lowered as endorphins are released, finds Harvard Medical.
Behavioral Aspects
Constant exercises at the health club will at some point aid you achieve your fitness objectives. When you search in the mirror and see a thinner or more muscle body gazing back at you, you'll gain enhancements in self-confidence and also self-esteem. Additionally, time spent working out with other people in an aerobics class gives you with a social setting where you could reap the psychological benefits gained through the friendship you create with various other classmates.
Choosing A Health and Fitness Center in Parma OH
A recent study discovered that between 30% and 40% of people that have a fitness center subscription say they never ever use it. Very commonly individuals obtain caught up in the sales and also advertising initiatives around the brand-new year and also join. They go for a few weeks and also locate the fitness center actually isn't really a great match. So today I have some easy actions you can require to get the most out of the subscription.
Discover a gym or club that is close to residence or job. The closer it is the most likely you are to go.
After that take a scenic tour as well as ask as several inquiries as you desire prior to you sign up with. Make sure it's the ideal fitness center for you. What type of individuals work out there? Are they like you? Does the staff appearance pleasant or challenging? Do you really feel at ease while you're taking the tour?
Make the most of free individual training or use a fitness instructor momentarily. You'll obtain accustomed to the equipment as well as develop a work regimen.
If you're feeling a little awkward train at off-peak hrs when the health club is much less crowded.
Bear in mind every person in the health club was unsure of themselves the first time they signed up with. The longer you stay with it, the a lot more comfy it will certainly end up being. Parma OH fitness
Consider these points when selecting a gym:
Attempt it out. A lot of reliable clubs will allow you to exercise totally free at least once prior to joining. This way you could evaluate the devices and also the ambience. Do your exercise at the time of day that you normally intend to work out to see how crowded the club obtains and for how long you would certainly need to await equipment.
Discover classes. Ask to see a class timetable and also talk to some trainers. Figure out if classes are free with your subscription.
Good gyms will certainly have somebody offered to show you exactly how to use all of the equipment appropriately for free. Discover out, also, if your fitness center has personal fitness instructors that can take you via your exercise.
Sign up with a health club that is close to your home or job. Physical fitness club masters have just what they call the "twelve-week/twelve-mile" theory: The majority of people that sign up with will certainly work out for just the first twelve weeks of their membership, as well as just if the club is less compared to twelve miles from their home or office. Discover a place that's close and hassle-free.
Think about the atmosphere. Select a gym where you feel comfy. Take a look at the people that go there and also think of exactly how you would certainly feel working out among them. Perhaps exercising with the "twenty-somethings" makes you strive for even more. Or maybe you choose an area that offers classes designed especially for individuals over sixty. Some clubs are geared exclusively or mainly to ladies, and others are more geared to guys. Shop around and also choose just what ideal fits you.
Is it exactly what you require for your workout? I like a club that not only has the equipment I such as, but likewise the devices I could make use of if I create an injury. If a club does not have numerous extra elliptical stations and several extra rowing stations at the time I am most likely to work out, I recommend picking another club.
Are Health Club Dues Itemized Deductions?
The inquiry is so popular, the Internal Revenue Service devotes a bit of its Section 502 Code to addressing the concern of whether a fitness center subscription can be deducted when submitting a government tax return. That stated, the answer to the concern concerning whether gym subscription costs are insurance deductible is No, but…
Internal Revenue Service Rules
The IRS normally bans subtracting the cost of a gym membership because it defines this type of expenditure as a service, satisfaction or social experience as opposed to a therapeutic atmosphere. Also if you utilize the facility to boost your general physical health and wellness, deal with a disorder or liven up your mental health and wellness, it still cannot be written off. That claimed, one of the criteria the IRS takes into consideration when choosing if a fitness center membership or program is eligible for a deduction has to do with period: If you currently come from the center prior to you try to create it off, the deduction might be a challenging sell.
Potential Exceptions
If your physician prescribes regular exercises needing a fitness center subscription as part of your treatment for weight loss, disease– e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disorders or high blood pressure, for instance– or mental rehab, the problem could qualify as a reduction if you could provide evidence that your doctor "has actually bought you to execute a details exercise because of a diagnosed clinical condition," inning accordance with CPA Tara Haas. Show this circumstance and most of the times you can deduct only the fees you paid for the program that helps you reclaim your health and wellness, not your subscription charges.
Are Health Club Memberships HSA Eligible?
Though it's a healthy and balanced action in the right instructions, fitness center subscription charges are just sometimes thought about eligible with a Flexible Investing Account (FSA). In order to get approved for FSA reimbursement, you would certainly need a doctor's note indicating that the health club subscription would certainly assist with the treatment of a details medical condition. The Internal Revenue Service looks at health club/gym membership charges as "basic wellness" things, as opposed to as a necessity to deal with particular clinical problems. That typically results in health club subscriptions not being thought about as FSA eligible, yet it truly depends on the FSA account.
It's finest to consult your FSA strategy description to find out about FSA eligible expenses, or to contact your FSA administrator to get more details. If you wish to discover more FSA eligible costs, Inspect the qualification checklist.
More Parma OH Info
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Happy to announce that nadine mneimneh is taking part in the first sustainable luxury fashion show.
This event is organized by Ecoluxe London, in collaboration with the social enterprise Fine Cell Work.
Monday, February 17th 2014, 19.00
at Kingsway Hall, 66 Great Queen Street, WC2B 5BX Covent Garden
Supported by Mayor of London

subset: commoncrawl


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- Windows
- Office Tools
- Document management
- AnyBizSoft PDF to Word
AnyBizSoft PDF to Word
You can download AnyBizSoft PDF to Word 18.104.22.168 from our software library for free. The software is categorized as Office Tools. You can install this PC software on Windows XP/Vista/7/8/10 32-bit. PDFtoWord.exe is the most common filename for this program's installer. The actual developer of the program is AnyBizSoft Studio. The most popular versions among the program users are 3.0, 2.5 and 2.0. This download was scanned by our built-in antivirus and was rated as virus free.
From the developer:
The easiest solution to edit and reuse PDF contents for Windows users
Standalone, don't require Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat
Support encrypted PDF files conversion
Preserve text, layouts, images, tables and hyperlinks in an editable Word document
Support Batch conversion of 200 PDF files, Partial, and Right-click conversion modes
You may want to check out more software, such as Convert Pdf to Word Pro, Convert Pdf to Word or Convert Pdf to Word Excel, which might be related to AnyBizSoft PDF to Word.
Please add a comment explaining the reasoning behind your vote.
Office Tools
Office Tools
iPhone & iPad
Instant messaging
Backup & Restore


text: The Washington shenanigans continue as President Trump holds out the specter of supporting the bipartisan Alexander-Murray Senate bill which attempts to shore up the Affordable Care Act and set up a reinsurance fund for large claims. The president has also promised to back off his threat to cut off funding of cost-sharing subsidies. All this… [Read More]


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As we all know that we have the adult clothing trends and in the present time we also have to children's fashion trends which is being changed as day are going. Most of the parents don't want to make their child stylish and fashionable because they will think that it is not good for their health. There are some of the parents who want to make their child fashionable and excellent comfort for them. Every parent selects the child's clothing which is best suits their requirements and available in different colors and style. Children's clothes will find them in several colors, style, and combination. If you want to know more about the children latest and fashion trends, then we prefer you to check the fashionfreshn.com correctly. There are several things which you have to know about the kids' latest fashion.
- Luxury
- Bring back the old fashion
- Natural clothing


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Fruit Shop Christmas Edition
Things are getting festive and fruity at Slingo thanks to this juicy online slot! You're sure to get your 5-a-day thanks to the Fruit Shop - and with a new Christmas makeover, how can you resist getting stuck in right now?
You'll be pleased to know that even over the festive season you can still pick
up some juicy fruits, thanks to this vibrant online slot - now complete with
your very own snowman! With all the Free Spins, Scatters and Wilds that you'd
expect, Fruit Shop: Christmas Edition certainly won't disappoint - get playing
now to make Christmas come early this year.
How to play
You'll get to grips with this simple-to-play slot in no time. Kick things off
by setting your BET LEVEL and COIN VALUE using the left and right arrows in
the respective tabs, then hit SPIN to get this fruit shop open for business!
The AUTOPLAY function will also let you sit back and relax whilst the game
spins itself, if that's what you'd prefer.
Return to player
This game has a theoretical RTP of 96.70% which means for every £100 wagered
it will pay out £96.70.


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Edgar Teglee is an artist and resident of the Asylum. He suffers from random bursts of rage and is obsessed with bull fights. He is voiced by Jerry De Capua.
–Character blurb from the original Psychonauts website
At first, Edgar tells Raz that he was once a famous painter and husband to the beautiful Lampita Pasionado. One day, Edgar was approached by the famous bullfighter, Dingo Inflagrante, who commissioned Edgar to paint a portrait of him. As time went on, however, Lampita ended up getting seduced by Dingo and ultimately left Edgar to be with him. Edgar was devastated by this and was driven mad with heartbreak, painting nothing but bullfights to symbolize his anguish.
A sad tale indeed, but a romanticized version of what really happened in the real world. The true story is that Edgar was the captain of his high school wrestling team. He and his teammates all based their costumes on different animals, with Edgar's being "The Bull". Edgar's talents as a wrestler were able to get his team a chance at the state semi-finals, but it was then that his cheerleader girlfriend, Lana Panzoni, left him for a male cheerleader, Dean LaGrante. The devastation Edgar felt broke his fighting spirit. He lost his next wrestling match, costing his team a chance at the championship. His teammates all turned their backs on him for it, further compounding his sadness. Edgar spent much of his time painting in the art teacher's room to hide away from his former teammates. He was eventually sent to the Asylum, when his obsession with bullfights led him into fits of rage.
Raz finds Edgar inside a room full of painting equipment, chained to the ground by his leg. He paints velvet paintings and attempts to paint Dr. Loboto's face, which is required for him to be set free, but every time he tries to finish a painting, he ends up painting a bullfight over it.
Raz helps him by entering his mind. Here, in the mental world of Black Velvetopia, he finds Edgar attempting to build a house of cards to reach the sun. In the sun is a woman crying rose petal tears. Edgar explains that he is trying to build the house of cards to reach her, but two things have gotten in the way of that. First, Edgar doesn't seem to have a full deck, meaning that he doesn't have enough cards to reach the woman. Second, Edgar reveals that his tower keeps getting knocked down by a large pink charging bull known as El Odio.
Raz points out that Edgar is missing his Queens, and offers to go find them. Raz is then swept into the streets of Edgar's mind by El Odio. After finding the cards, Raz gives them to Edgar, who uses them to finish the house of cards and reach the sun. Raz follows Edgar up the house of cards, and then finds himself in a bullfighting ring with El Odio, who is revealed to be Edgar himself. Raz fights against Edgar and defeats him, whereupon Dingo shows up to finish Edgar off. Raz tries to reveal that everything in Edgar's mind wasn't real, that Edgar made up El Odio, Dingo, and Lampita, the last two being romanticized versions of Dean and Lana. However, Edgar is too angry to listen, and turns back into El Odio, charging at Dean/Dingo, who simply parries him. Raz takes Dean/Dingo on himself, and defeats him, causing Lana/Lampita to run to Dean/Dingo crying. Seeing this, Raz's sorrow turns to disgust as he instantly says they are pathetic.
Finally Edgar is able to see Dingo and Lampita for who they really are, and decides not to obsess over what Dean and Lana did to him any longer, removing the thing that caused him to go insane: the trauma stemming from his high school memories. After that, he gives Raz the painting of Dr. Loboto and begins painting a new one.
After the player removes Loboto, Edgar decides to leave and frees himself. When he breaks off the chain, connected to the floor, he accidentally breaks a gas pipe. At first he's worried, but after sniffing the air, realizes that there is no gas. After spilling all his turpentine and acetone on the ground he leaves his room, Gloria turns on the gas and Fred opens a window leading into the area that has the elevator and Edgar's room. Boyd tosses his lit bottle into the area and the gas ignites, blowing up the Asylum. Like the other asylum inmates, he leaves Thorney Towers and never returns.
Edgar's MindEdit
- Main article: Black Velvetopia
- Edgar has the largest arms of any character in the real world.
- Edgar seems to be afraid of Fred Bonaparte while he's insane, possibly because he thinks Fred is still head orderly.
- His name comes from Edgar Leeteg, a man known as the father of American velvet painting.
- If the player uses Clairvoyance on Edgar, he sees Raz as a joker card.
- If Raz tries using Telekinesis on Edgar, he'll say, "Nobody lifts Edgar Teglee!"
- The Kings in the tower of cards bear Edgar's likeness.
- On a side note, Edgar was shown to be very strong, he developed his strength by wrestling in high school. As he was able to rip his chain from the concrete floor of his room, freeing himself, and, in high school, was able to rip a locker door off its hinges.


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I looked around the room and realized I was the only one with my phone out.
I'm sure others had their phones close by, but I couldn't see them. They had set aside their phones to have conversations. They were engaged with one another. It was actually an odd thing to see. Not that I never see people set aside their phones and authentically talk with one another. It just seemed odd because seemed to be a cultural thing. It wasn't something that was forced upon them, as if someone had them place their phones in a box when they arrived at the event. It wasn't as if people kept their phones in their hands and glanced at them from time to time. It wasn't as if a few were consumed in games, texts, emails, Facebook, and photos, while others ignored the same things. There were no ring tones, vibrations and beeps that interrupted the multitude of conversations going on throughout the large room.
There was only chatter.
And eye contact.
With a phone, we can avoid eye contact. We often don't have to look down at our own phones; we think we avoid many awkward moments because someone else is on her phone. We're often grateful we don't have to bridge that strange silence and figure out what the right thing to say or do might be.
We might avoid some awkwardness, but we also miss out on connections and possibilities. We miss out on challenging conversations that help us grow. We miss out on opportunities to help and encourage people. We miss out on the simple complexities of eye contact and facial expressions, reminding us we are not alone in the world.
Across that room, I saw people engaged in each others lives. They didn't all know each other, but they shared that moment in time, then another and another and another. They asked questions, shared stories, discussed issues and topics, and encouraged and helped each other. They met each other where they were in moments that would have been missed if eye contact had been averted because of the phone in the way.
We engage with whatever we focus upon. Wherever our eyes go, our mind and feet follow. We can't focus on too many things at once, and we can't go more than one place and engage with many people all at once.
Phones are wonderful tools, but not at the expense of people.
Choose well.


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Between 8:00 and 9:30 this morning (Friday 14th), Paul Weller celebrated the release of his fourteenth solo studio album True Meanings by inviting Chris Evans to his Black Barn studio, where the album was recorded, to play a session and talk about the record. In front of a number of special guests, including Ray Winstone, Weller played a live session, with tracks interspersed in the show's content and brief chats with Weller and some of his band.
Tag: Steve Pilgrim
Paul Weller: True Meanings Teasers
Today's the day! Paul Weller's new album True Meanings is out now, with the Modfather releasing his fourteenth solo effort in the first year of his sixth decade. After the pomp and intricate effects of his experimental last three albums and the arena tours to match, here Weller takes it back to basics on his first wholly acoustic studio album, which will feature a number of other collaborators and instruments, including an orchestra on some tracks.
My Top 5 Gigs of the Year
Instead of listing my top however many favourite songs or albums as I've done previously, I thought this year I'd write a little about five of my favourite gigs I've been to in 2017, some of which I've blogged about previously and some of which I haven't…
Steve Pilgrim and Danny Thompson at The Half Moon, Putney – Review
Steve Pilgrim and Danny Thompson: no, not a new Viz cartoon, but a pair responsible for one of the most enjoyable musical 55 minutes of the year at Putney's intimate Half Moon despite both being used to backing the stars at far larger arenas.


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A civic leader MacDonald Chipenzi says it is gratifying that Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) is doing everything possible under limited resources in fighting corruption in the country.
Mr Chipenzi says the ACC has in recent times endeavored investigate and bring to book a number of corruption cases irrespective of the suspects' social- economic class or political affiliation saying this was commendable.
He paid homage to the Commission to for its tenacity and commitment to arrest all perpetrators of corruption in the country which he said has remained un abated for a long time.
ZANIS reports that Mr Chipenzi said that despite facing several challenges in bringing culprits to book, the ACC it has made strides in arresting high profile cases which are currently in courts of law.
The outspoken civil rights activist has however, advised the ACC should pull up its socks by promptly following up cases as opposed to investigating cases ten years after their occurrence.
Mr Chipenzi also called on Zambians to give the ACC full support t in its quest to fight corruption in Zambia by giving relevant information to the authority which will lead to more culprits brought to book.
He said corruption is retrogressive as it retards development, which many Zambians are yearning to see and urged all the citizens of this country to participate fully in the fight against the vice by helping the ACC giving information leading to arrest of corrupt culprits.


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The Bolsheviks Come to Power - New Edition
The Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd
A new edition of a classic history of the Bolsheviks which destroys the platitudes of mainstream histories, reclaiming the revolution on its centenary
In this absorbing narrative, Alexander Rabinowitch counters the claims by mainstream historians that the revolution was a military coup led by Lenin and a small band of fanatics. He refutes the Soviet myth that the party's triumph in the October Revolution was inevitable, and explains the ebbs and flows of the revolutionary period, tracing the moods of the working class and the political positions of the Bolsheviks at different historical moments, including the immediate aftermath of the February Revolution, the July Days, the Kornilov affair, and up to and including the October Revolution itself.
Drawn from a wealth of primary sources and archival material, this new edition of Rabinowitch's classic account is a must-have for anyone interested in clearing away the tired platitudes of mainstream historians, and reclaiming the revolution on this important anniversary.
Alexander Rabinowitch is an Affiliated Research Scholar at St. Petersburg Institute of History, Russian Academy of Sciences. Between 1968-1999 he was Professor of History at Indiana University. He is the author of the classic The Bolsheviks Come to Power (Pluto, 2017), Prelude to Revolution (Indiana University Press, 1991), and The Bolsheviks in Power (Indiana University Press, 2008).
'I know of no previous work which has so skilfully presented the fluctuating state of the mood of the 'masses' in the Russian capital in those fateful months' - Leonard Shapiro, New York Review of Books
'Remains the best book on the 1917 Russian revolution - a seminal study of events that shaped history for decades and continues to do so even today' - Stephen F. Cohen, New York University
'A brilliant, convincing, and exciting book' - Stanley Plastrik, Dissent
'Essential reading…with a narrative skill which all too few historians could match' - Robert M. Slusser, Baltimore Sun
'Draws together the sequence of events in Petrograd, the mass moods there, and the role of the party, all the while demonstrating the reciprocal effects of each set of factors on one another…a vivid picture of politics in 1917' - Louis Menashe, Radical History Review
Note on Transliteration, Dates and Terminology
Preface to the Centenary Edition
1. The July Uprising
2. The Bolsheviks Under Fire
3. Petrograd During the Reaction
4. The Ineffectiveness of Repression
5. The Bolshevik Resurgence
6. The Rise of Kornilov
7. Kornilov versus Kerensky
8. The Bolsheviks and Kornilov's Defeat
9. The Question of a New Government
10. 'All Power to the Soviets!'
11. Lenin's Campaign for an Insurrection
12. Obstacles to an Uprising
13. The Garrison Crisis and the Military Revolutionary Committee
14. On the Eve
15. The Bolsheviks Come to Power
16. Epilogue
Selected Bibliography
Hardcover ISBN: 9780745399997
eBook ISBN: 9781786801036
464 pages
150mm x 230mm


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Obama begins political blitz to halt landslide by Republicans
US President Barack Obama threw himself back into the congressional election campaign yesterday in a political blitz against what appears to be an inevitable Republican landslide.
Mr Obama has travelled the country as the campaign nears its November 2 election day climax that is widely expected to leave him facing opposition control in the House of Representatives and a diminished Democrat majority in the Senate.
Polling shows the president and fellow Democrats in a trough of disfavour with the majority of American voters who are frustrated and angry over the administration's failure to resurrect the US economy and bring down near-10pc unemployment after the worst fiscal nosedive in decades.
Mr Obama rested at the weekend after an arduous swing through the west and midwest, but the political battles continued on TV news programmes.
Republican Party chief Michael Steele predicted a wave of anti-Democratic voting. Not surprisingly, Democratic counterpart Tim Kaine said a strong get-out-the-vote effort would hold back losses and help prevent a Republican sweep.
With little over a week before the vote, Mr Steele predicted "an unprecedented wave on election day that is going to surprise a lot of people".
Mr Kaine said Democrats would retain power in both chambers. He argued that early voting figures from some states and voter turnout at rallies for Democratic candidates were evidence that his party would avoid the disaster analysts are predicting.
A new poll, however, showed he is fighting an increasingly difficult reality for Democrats.
The Associated Press-GfK Poll showed that one-in-three people has yet to make a choice. Yet 45pc of those voters tentatively prefer their district's Republican candidate while 38pc pick the Democratic contender -- the same 7pc margin Republicans hold with people who have already decided.
By some estimates, at least 75 of all 435 House seats on the ballot this year may change hands, and most of those are held by Democrats. An additional two dozen other races for Democratic-controlled seats have tightened in recent weeks.
In the Senate, Democrats are seen as having a better chance of holding their majority even though 37 of 100 seats are up for election.
Irish Independent


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Formerly: "Create an anonymous TextSecure and RedPhone phone number"
Published: 2015-Mar-14 Updated: 2015-Nov-16, revision 64
Sometimes you just need an email address and a phone number to do things online. Or maybe you want to ditch you expensive phone plan because your friends and family all smartly use Open Whisper Systems crypto tools. And why not? Signal lets you communicate for free, even to international numbers. This guide will show you:
After you complete this guide, your new phone number can send/receive Signal calls and instant messages using Wi-Fi. Persistent SMS capabilities will also be available using Google Voice. Baseband and SIM card exploits will be a thing of the past.
Anonymity is relative in this context. Yes, you'll be creating a phone number that you'll probably be giving to other people. Those people will probably know who you are. Pay special attention to step 14. If you follow this guide, you'll be in a position to maintain communications anonymity in a massive passive-surveillance network.
The following was tested on a Motorola "Moto G" running Android 4.4.4. You will need a laptop to perform the Google Voice aspects of this procedure. Like most guides, you may want to read through the whole thing before starting. Please email or Tweet me if you have any suggestions.
If you just need security and not anonymity, Signal on an iPod Touch is even better.
1. Obtain an Android phone that was not purchased by you at any retail location. The Nexus phones might be ideal as they typically will not come with a bunch of extra software installed. The Moto E is also a good choice. Craigslist should be fine. Pay with cash. You don't want any phone device IDs linkable to you (including by way of electronic payment cards and shipping addresses).
1.1. To further distance your connection to device IDs and location-based IPs, take a bus (pay with cash) to a different city than the one you live. Don't bring any other personal cell phones. Go to a mall and buy a used Android from one of the kiosks. Perform this guide in that city. Do nothing else in the city; don't go and get your face on a bunch of cameras, and don't pay for things with debit/credit cards.
2. Go to a public library or coffee shop with free Wifi with your Android, laptop, and Tails Linux (USB or DVD). Make sure it's a place that you've never been to and one which you'll never return to. Order a coffee with cash, be nice, and avoid interacting with people.
3. Remove any SIM cards from the Android. Turn on then restore the Android to factory defaults. Skip all activation settings and enable Airplane Mode as soon as possible. Disable or uninstall all possible apps that aren't needed, especially ones that sync. You need, at a minimum, Google Play Store, Google Play Services, and Google Services Framework. With Airplane mode still enabled, turn on Wi-Fi and connect.
4. Open Google Play Store. Create a new Gmail address when Android prompts you to log in. Don't use any words or phrases in either your email address or your password that you've used before. And don't use a password that you've ever used before.
5. Using your laptop, boot up Tails Linux. Open the "insecure" browser that is not Iceweasel to log in to your Gmail address. Do not use Iceweasel or Tor, Google will lock you out of the new account, and you've already shown Google where you are in steps 3 and 4.
5.1. Make sure you do not proceed if you are prompted to accept bogus SSL/TLS certificates.
5.2. Booting up Tails has two advantages despite not using Tor: 1) the Wifi MAC address is spoofed, and 2) when you shut down your laptop, no history is saved. Do not use Tor to log in to your Google account until after you have two-factor authentication set up.
5.3. If you ever need to enter an alternate email address, simply open the Gmail Android app and create a new address. You can use it as the backup for your new primary address.
6. Use your Android to download "Talkatone", a free VoIP Android app that gives you a temporary phone number. You will use it to receive phone calls over Wi-Fi. Register for a new account for a new number using your new Gmail address. You may need to search various area codes to find one that has numbers available.
7. Log into google.com/voice with Tails' insecure browser. Enter your Talkatone phone number and receive its call to verify the number. Go into settings and verify that both "Receive text messages on this phone" and "Notify me of new voicemails via text" are checked. Turn Call Screening off in the Calls tab.
7.1. You can stop here if you don't need Signal. You may only need a WiFi connected Android with Google Voice to privately receive access tokens via SMS.
8. Never use this phone from any place you routinely go (anchor points) unless you are behind Tor. See (*) below.
9. Download "Signal" and register it with your Google Voice number. The SMS verification will fail. Wait and then verify via phone call. Your temporary Talkatone number will receive a call, so prepare to write down or remember the six-numeral verification code. Enter the code to verify Signal.
10. Encrypt the phone (Settings > Security > Encrypt phone).
11. Only use this device for Signal (and maybe Google Authenticator, see #13) from now on to minimize its exposure. Especially do not use apps that have in-app ads. Uninstall Talkatone. Uninstall or disable all web browsers. Uninstall or disable all Google apps and services except Google Play Services (and maybe Google Authenticator, see #13). You will need to enable Google Play Store again at some point to keep apps updated, but only at another random, public Wifi location. Always keep all syncing disabled, you do not want Google to have your contacts.
11.1. "NetGuard" may be a useful solution for keeping network activity minimized.
12. Open Signal. Disable SMS/MMS to both Signal users and non-Signal users in settings. Require password access to Signal by turning on "Enable passphrase" to further harden the message database in addition to adding another layer of defensive security (shoulder surfing for the phone access passphrase is easy). Set a low "Timeout interval".
12.1. When preparing to IM someone with Signal, be sure to first add a contact in your Contacts. When you're looking at your Signal contact list (or lack thereof), tap the refresh symbol to force a refresh. Now you should be able to see Signal users that can receive your IMs.
13. Using the "Google Authenticator" Android app, enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for access to your new Gmail. If an attacker can get into your Gmail accounts, an attacker could register your number with a new device and deny you the ability to communicate with Signal. When configuring your new Google account, you can now use your new Google Voice number as a verification phone number. Immediately configure 2FA with only Google Authenticator and Google Voice as a backup.
13.1. To further compartmentalize, put your Google Authenticator tokens on a separate device — Preferably one that remains in Airplane Mode all the time.
14. Tell people that you communicate with not to save your number with any personally identifiable name. The apps they use–like Facebook or their Google Contacts sync–will betray your privacy by recording their contact list, forever creating the digital record of your name with your new number.
15. Log into google.com/voice with Tails' insecure browser on your laptop and disable forwarding to your former Talkatone number. Or alternatively, use Tails' Iceweasel (Tor) and test access now that 2FA is configured.
16. Physically remove the phone's microphone and cameras; if possible, the accelerometer too. Rely on a corded headset when communicating with Signal (voice). Don't leave the headset plugged in when not in use.
16.1. If an attacker is able to compromise your device, you do not want them to be able to hot-mic your Android or take pictures/video of your environments.An iPhone with its microphone and front camera removed. Photo credit: Joanna Rutkowska
There are pros and cons to rooting your phone. Rooting might make the job of targeted attacker much easier. Should you root for more control (creating new vulnerabilities) or simply hope that Airplane Mode is doing what it promises when you are carrying your phone with you at anchor points?
(*) There are several options for getting Signal to work with Tor, but the downside is that only Signal IMs will work, not Signal voice calls. One option is to create a wireless access point for your anchor points that force all traffic over Tor, which does not need root, like P.O.R.T.A.L.. It also may be possible to leverage another Android phone that is already rooted and running Orbot to tether through. And again, InvizBox and Anonabox are simple solutions, but you have to buy them online and have them shipped somewhere, creating a lot of metadata. Lastly, there is the option of rooting and using Orbot to proxy local Android traffic.
Mission Impossible Android Hardening on Github, previously on the Tor Project blog, goes into good detail on how to root your Android device and attempt to delete the Android baseband firmware partition.
Once your Android is rooted, you would need to install a 3rd-party ROM that does not have any Google services pre-installed. Then you'd have to find the Signal APK online (plus verifying their hashes) and manually install the apps you need. There are some interesting, unsupported ways to get and use Signal on an Android. Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is required unless another service pretends to be GCM.
Ideally you'd use an iptables-based firewall to prevent any apps or services using any network interface except Signal and Orbot. You would also need to find a different long-term VOIP provider (to receive phone calls and SMS) since you wouldn't be setting up a Gmail or Google Voice in this scenario.


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Trooper Ben Explains How to Merge onto Interstate
Trooper Ben of the Kansas Highway Patrol can teach us a thing or two about driving, and his short "how to" lesson on merging onto the interstate should be required viewing for everyone. It's pretty simple, actually; speed up on the ramp, so that when you get to the main traffic lanes, you are going the same speed as everyone else.
There's a corollary to this rule. And that would be the exit ramp, also known as the deceleration lane. You're really supposed to maintain interstate speeds until you've taken the exit.
But it isn't always possible to accelerate and decelerate properly. And thus, a final note to highway departments everywhere. Please design these lanes so they can be used for their intended purpose. No sharp curves to exit, forcing drivers to slow down ahead of the ramp. And, no STOP signs at the end of the on-ramp (this happens a lot in Pennsylvania, which has the worst roads in America -- period!). Merging from a complete stop... is a very dangerous way to merge.


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Solved all problems; technically proficient; very clear instruction.
Expensive and slow; one bit of potentially disastrous advice.
Bottom Line
High per-minute rate combined with slow, careful geek equals a very expensive solution.
Of all the services in our roundup, Geeks By Minute had the quickest and most hassle-free registration. After an automated system greeted us and prompted us for our credit card and phone number, we were connected to a tech without delay.
Given that we were paying by the minute, we weren't entirely surprised that the geek assigned to us spoke slowly and carefully; there wasn't a hint of stress or expeditiousness in the conversation. While his tone set us at ease, we never quite forgot that we were paying for each syllable.
We started with the blocked attachment in Outlook, which he incorrectly assumed was the work of a virus. Although Windows XP doesn't come with an antivirus program, he was surprised that we didn't have one. He instructed us to use Trend Micro's free Web-based virus scanner, Housecall ( http://housecall.trendmicro.com ).
Before we had a chance to describe the PC's malware problem, we had encountered one of its symptoms. Hijackers are designed to redirect links in certain Web sites, making it difficult to download the software used to eradicate them. Our geek explained that we needed to download a spyware removal tool before trying the virus scanner. Of course, the hijacker prevented us from downloading the free trial version of Webroot's Spy Sweeper ( www.webroot.com ), redirecting us instead to the dreadful Clicksearchclick.biz.
After toiling for several minutes with the recalcitrant browser, we started hunting for evidence of unwanted software processes. The tech had us read the Add or Remove Programs list and remove a few apps he didn't recognize, none of which was actually malware.
He then had us search our hard drive for filenames containing the word click, instructing us to delete about 20 files. Most of these were located in the /source/i386 folder, the installation directory for Windows XP (no malware here, either, and not a directory we should have been messing with). If we hadn't still owned a recovery CD, this would have spelled real trouble the next time we needed to reinstall Windows.
After this unnecessary diversion, he revealed a magic workaround for the hijacker problem. Apparently, if you open the Control Panel and click the Windows Update link to your left, you often get an unaffected Internet Explorer window, from which you can surf properly. (If you don't see the Windows Update link, go to Tools | Folder Options, and select Show Common Tasks in Folders.)
Now, a betterand fasterapproach would have been to have us type the full address of the download file directly into Internet Explorer's address bar, which would have bypassed the hijacker's redirection tactic. Regardless, the tech's Control Panel hack did get the job done.
Our geek stuck with us while Spy Sweeper scanned and cleansed the system, during which he explained what Spy Sweeper was doing and what steps we could take to prevent future infestations. Spy Sweeper successfully removed the hijacker, at which point we tried the online virus scanner again.
This time, Housecall loaded successfully and proceeded to scan our system. This took an eternity, yet it found no trace of viruses. To be fair, our geek didn't know (as we did) that the PC was virus-free. But we couldn't escape the feeling that had we not been paying by the minute, he wouldn't have bothered with the time-consuming virus scan at all.
We then tackled the speaker problem, which the geek dispatched with uncharacteristic speed. He directed us to the Sounds and Audio Devices applet in the Control Panel, recognized the incorrect default playback device, and corrected it handily.
Only the blocked attachment in Outlook was left. By this time, the tech had ruled out spyware and viruses and started to look at Outlookthe real cause. This last task took him about 30 minutes to research and execute. (That's almost 60 bucks, if you're keeping track; we sure were.) The solution involved a simple Registry edit, before which he wisely had us back up our Registry by creating a new restore point with Windows' System Restore feature.
We were on the phone with Geeks By Minute for well over 2 hours, at a cost of $284.57. To its credit, Geeks By Minute fixed all three problems and went farther to protect our PC than any other service. If this were the only service that had solved our puzzles, we might grudgingly recommend spending the dough. But the stratospheric cost and the unreasonable amount of time required to correct our problems make Geeks By Minute hard to recommend.


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This amazing villa has one of the best Ocean View locations in Crystal Cove. It gets unobstructed panoramic views of the ocean. This home has amazing, endless ocean views from all west-facing windows where you can see Catalina island, and on a clear day you can see all the way to Long Beach. Amazing views!!! Crystal Cove is an exclusive and prestigious 24-hr guard gated-community of Newport Coast. This community is conveniently located near the Crystal Cove Shopping Center, beaches, State Park & Pelican Hill Golf Course. The backyard has great entertaining space with an outdoor gas fireplace and a built-in outdoor kitchen. The house is immaculate! Kitchen is upgraded with 6-burner stove, fine granite counter-tops and a built-in refrigerator. The grand master bedroom is located downstairs with upgraded bathroom and an ocean view from bed. This home has a downstairs 5th room that is currently used as an office. The 3rd garage can easily be converted to an additional bedroom. That was the original design option from the builder. Residents of Crystal Cove have the exclusive use of the Canyon Club, a luxurious recreation complex within the neighborhood, which includes a swimming pool, spa, fitness room, clubhouse and tennis courts. There are too many amenities to list about this property. Come experience the lifestyle!
Listing courtesy of Mert Malki from ARI Financial Inc
Based on information from California Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. as of . This information is for your personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties you may be interested in purchasing. Display of MLS data is usually deemed reliable but is NOT guaranteed accurate by the MLS. Buyers are responsible for verifying the accuracy of all information and should investigate the data themselves or retain appropriate professionals. Information from sources other than the Listing Agent may have been included in the MLS data. Unless otherwise specified in writing, Broker/Agent has not and will not verify any information obtained from other sources. The Broker/Agent providing the information contained herein may or may not have been the Listing and/or Selling Agent.


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Trauma: An Essay on Jewish Guilt
You can't escape the question of identity. In 1995 various authors contributed essays to a book called The Jew in the Text, Modernity and the Construction of Identity. Prefacing the collection, the editors explain:
It had struck us, and not surprisingly many others at around the same time, that the category of the 'Jew', not the history of Jews, Judaism or Jewish culture, but the way in which the 'Jew' had been perceived in modern culture, was relatively unexplored. While issues surrounding race, identity, colonialism, and Eurocentrism have become the focus of endless debate and scrutiny, the 'Jew' had largely been left out. It is as if the issue of the 'Jew' is just as much an embarrassment to contemporary cultural theorists as it was to their European ancestors.¹
These may seem puzzling remarks, coming as they do just two years after the Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington officially opened its doors in April, 1993. As Karyn Ball has observed, for many people 'the Museum was a sign that Jewish identity politics had succeeded in securing the privilege of Jewish interests in obtaining a national recognition of the Holocaust as a singular trauma and of the Jews as the "world's greatest" historical victims'². Yet still these editors considered the 'category of the "Jew"' to have been oddly excluded from the fashionable era of identity politics, as if 'an embarrassment to contemporary cultural theorists'.Their use of the word 'embarrassment' is striking. Is this embarrassment exclusive to cultural theorists or might it also pertain to Jews (or Jewish cultural theorists) themselves? For the Jew within the academy has been a prolific figure, even if not an explicit one, as if Jews themselves did not quite know how to represent themselves, but would rather hide behind the mask of anonymity. What seems on the surface to have been an immense cultural achievement for this particular minority may even, paradoxically, have led to a greater obscurity. For the polemical language of other groups (talk, for example, of black or gay pride or woman's empowerment) would likely provoke Jewish embarrassment. It is, after all, precisely from these kinds of allegations (of 'pride' or of 'power') that Jews have usually preferred to keep their distance.
To determine how the '"Jew" has been perceived in modern culture' it's worth beginning with Jean-Paul Sartre's 1946 work, Réflexions sur la Question Juive, pugnaciously written with the aim of addressing an embarrassing subject that no one else dared mention. In the immediate aftermath of the war, when Jewish survivors were returning to their homes in France, Sartre reflected on the French newspapers' omission of any reference to the Jewish war experience:
Does anyone think that the Jews […] don't understand the reasons for this silence? Some of them approve, and say: 'The less we are noticed, the better.' Can a Frenchman, sure of himself, of his religion, of his race, possibly understand the state of mind that dictates such a statement?³
Sartre's book offers a psychological and sociological analysis of two related social phenomena: the anti-Semite and the Jew (Anti-Semite and Jew is the title of the book's English translation). In the first case, Sartre sets about critiquing and laying bare the prevailing climate of specifically French anti-Semitism with recourse to two distinct personality-types, 'the anti-Semite' and 'the democrat,' each of whom, Sartre argues, for different reasons, would rather the Jew disappeared. In the second case, and more controversially, Sartre's book undertakes to explain what he calls the Jewish 'state of mind,' by distinguishing, in this sphere, between 'inauthentic' and 'authentic Jews'. Concentrating primarily on the former, Sartre reveals how the inauthentic Jew proves to be indispensable to his (both the anti-Semite and Jew are typically male for Sartre) own disappearance by colluding with the wishes of his persecutors — 'the less we are noticed, the better'.
At a time of overwhelming vulnerability a great many Jews were thrilled to have such a popular and influential defender as Sartre. Claude Lanzmann later recalled the profound effect the book's publication first had on him: 'I remember, I walked the streets differently, I could breathe again, because the simple fact that the war was over had not changed the way one felt inside'4. And Alain Finkielkraut recalls how, '[w]ith unimpeachable rigour he told me that I was an authentic Jew, that I assumed my condition and that courage, even heroism were required for me to claim so loudly and so strongly my ties to a people in disgrace'5. Sartre's position was that only the Jew who publicly claims to be a Jew can be deemed authentic. Authenticity was also a key term of his existential philosophy:
Authenticity […] consists in having a true and lucid consciousness of [one's] situation, in assuming the responsibilities and risks that it involves. [90]
Yet, despite some initial enthusiasm, it is, for the most part, Sartre's Jewish readers who have since had the more troubled relationship to his text. For one thing, Sartre's Jew has an entirely negative determination. The Jew, according to Sartre, is a man 'whom other men consider a Jew' [69]. It is 'the anti-Semite who makes the Jew' by projecting him as a figure of hate in order to shore up his own positive identity (his nation, his religion, his race, &c). Sartre does not consider Jewish religion, ethics, culture or tradition to have anything more than a superficial role to play in the modern Jew's identity. Jewish history, for Sartre, 'is the least historical of all, for it keeps a memory of nothing but a long martyrdom, that is, of a long passivity' [67]. Nor, therefore, do the Jews have a future, and any future liberation of mankind would not include the Jew, as a positive feature, within it. As such, the Jew's presence is entirely spectral:
We must now ask ourselves the question: does the Jew exist? And if he exists, what is he? Is he first a Jew or first a man? Is the solution of the problem to be found in the extermination of all the Israelites or in their total assimilation? Or is it possible to find some other way of stating the problem and of resolving it? [58]
A Jewish readership might well be vexed by this re-statement of the Jewish question from the lips of a purported defender. For Sartre's criticism of both the anti-Semites (who see only the Jew and not the man) and the democrats (who see only the man and not the Jew) is aimed, precisely, at their failure to resolve the Jewish problem. Both are at fault, says Sartre, because by seeking to obliterate the Jew they bring him back into existence. Sartre's defence of the Jew therefore amounts to little more than an apology: if the Jew exists then he is not to blame for it. Although the inauthentic Jew is partly culpable, for he,
has allowed himself to be persuaded by the anti-Semites […] He admits with them that, if there is a Jew, he must have the characteristics with which popular malevolence endows him, and his effort is to constitute himself a martyr, in the proper sense of the term, that is, to prove in his person that there are no Jews. [94-5]
Sartre, meanwhile, has his own solution to the Jewish problem:[W]e must accept him. And if that acceptance is total and sincere, the result will be, first, to make easier the Jew's choice of authenticity, and then, bit by bit, to make possible, without violence and by the very course of history, that assimilation to which some would like to drive him by force. [147]
For it stands to reason that if Jews are only Jews by virtue of being hidden then their public appearance — on which Sartre insists — must also be a disappearing act. Only by appearing can Jews disappear. Appearing is the role of the 'authentic Jew' who, says Sartre, 'accepts the obligation to live in a situation that is defined precisely by the fact that it is unlivable; he derives his pride from his humiliation' [137].
While Alain Finkielkraut had jumped, as a young man, to assume the mantle of existential authenticity that Sartre had so generously laid down for him, he later doubted whether authenticity was ever an option. As he accounts in The Imaginary Jew, his own situation as the son of Holocaust survivors had meant inheriting 'a suffering to which I had not been subjected, for without having to endure oppression, the identity of the victim was mine'[7]. 'Others had suffered', he writes,
and I, because I was their descendant, harvested all the moral advantage. The allotment was inescapable: for them, utter abandonment and anonymous death, and for their spokesperson, sympathy and honour. [11]
Finkielkraut's acute sense of inauthenticity makes Sartre's mandate to the post-war Jew begin to look symptomatic of its author's own failure to gauge a 'true and lucid consciousness' of the new reality. That the Holocaust had changed the meaning of the name Jew was clear to Finkielkraut by 1980, when he sensed that to address oneself as a Jew in France was to play the part of the victim (even if one was not a victim), leading him to an uncomfortable conclusion: perhaps he has no right to speak as a Jew; perhaps he has no right to speak for the Jews, as their 'spokesperson'. Ever since the Holocaust, he writes,the word Jew has been unable to take its place in ordinary language, whether neutral or profane. Jew is a holy term: holy as in transcendent, inaccessible, in a realm beyond our grasp. This unapproachable name resists representation, remains apart from those who give it weight. The Jew may be our civilization's Other, but it is an otherness none can possess. To put it still more bluntly: the Holocaust has no heirs. [34]
Outside ordinary language, the name Jew seems to mark a return to another kind of language: the sacred. As such, those who bear this name could find themselves silenced by it, for one cannot, says Finkielkraut, in a direct way, 'inherit' the Holocaust:
Even the affirmation 'I am a Jew' quickly produces a painful sense that I'm appropriating the Holocaust as my own, draping myself with the torture that others underwent. [32]
Finkielkraut's discomfort in assuming an identity that should — by rights, by custom and inheritance — have been his own, has less to do with the shame or mauvais foi with which Sartre had marked out the inauthentic Jew than with a nagging sense of guilt that might even be characterised as religious. For what the Jew, in this context, who calls himself 'Jew' effectively risks is not existential humiliation so much as sacrilege.
Guilt, for Sartre, is a marker of inauthenticity. The Jew can be guilty only insofar as, like the man who stands before the law in Kafka's Trial, 'he does not know what he is charged with, yet he knows that he is considered guilty' [87]. It is, says Sartre, the 'perpetual obligation to prove that he is French that puts the Jew in [this inauthentic] situation of guilt.' Finkielkraut's post-war Jew, on the other hand, stands before a law whose commandment has, finally, been revealed: he is obliged to prove that he is a Jew. His 'situation of guilt' nonetheless remains because what has been commanded can only be fulfilled by enacting its desecration. This is the situation of guilt to which Finkielkraut attests as regards the impossibility of either inheriting the history of the Holocaust on the one hand, or consigning it to the past on the other. Yet, while the confessional quality of Finkielkraut's remarks seems to represent the dilemmas of descendants or succeeding generations, his sense of aporia recalls and resembles the guilt more often associated with 'survivors' themselves. One thinks, for example, of Primo Levi's sense of his own illegitimacy as a witness, notwithstanding his first hand experiences of the concentration camps, because, for Levi, the true witnesses, and thus the only ones with a right to tell the history of the Holocaust, are the dead and murdered who cannot speak for themselves.
Writing about his work with concentration camp victims in 1961, the American psychoanalyst William G. Niederland noted that 'feelings of guilt accompanied by shame, self-condemnatory tendencies and self-accusations [are] experienced by the victims of the persecution, and apparently much less (if at all) by the perpetrators of it'6. Drawing on Freud's discussion of how the aggressive instincts against one's parents can become transformed into guilt reflexes, Nierderland understood 'survivor's guilt' in analogous terms as an affective response to what Anna Freud had termed the victim's 'identification with the aggressor.' As Ruth Leys explains,
The idea was that under conditions of violent threat and powerlessness the inmates' only psychic solution was not to resist but to give in to the threatening situation — by identifying with or fantasmatically incorporating the oppressor. [33]
In the writings of later psychologists and scholars, however, this explanation of 'survivor's guilt' has been rather discredited. As Leys notes in her study, From Guilt to Shame, Auschwitz and After, recent researchers have more often linked the phenomenon of survivor's guilt to a different site of identification: "if survivors feel guilty, they do so because of their identification with the dead victims, not because of their psychic collusion with violence" [53]. Leys believes this re-ascription of survivor identification (from an identification with the aggressor to an identification with the victim) to form part of a more general trend whose aim it has been to clear the survivor of any trace of guilt so that, in Terrence Des Pres's words, 'Survivors do not bear witness to guilt, neither theirs nor ours, but to objective conditions of evil' [68]. Guilt (with its fantasmatic associations) thus gives way to a more 'objective' witnessing while its phenomenal 'affect' is reinterpreted with recourse to a replacement term: shame. What differentiates guilt from shame, says Leys, quoting Eve Kosovsky Sedgwick, is that 'shame attaches to and sharpens the sense of what one is, whereas guilt attaches to what one does' [130]. Unlike guilt, therefore, shame leads back to fundamental questions about the nature of identity.
During the same period in which Leys has tracked a shift of emphasis from guilt to shame she has also observed a concomitant raising of the status of the figure of the 'survivor.' Beginning around the 1970s, when this figure began to gain prominence in medical and legal settings following the return of Vietnam war veterans who sought compensation for the psychological effects suffered on account of PTSD, the identity was then retrospectively projected back on to the Holocaust survivor, who belatedly became its paradigm case. This construction of the survivor as an identifiable figure (recognisable in a court of law) has, if Leys is correct, been achieved by relegating the concern with 'what one does' to a greater emphasis on 'what one is.' Consequently, the 'survivor' is 'viewed less as an individual whose mode of life needs to be understood and interpreted than as a new kind of material object, identity, or type of person' [68]. This transition can be linked to the developing literature surrounding the theory of emotions. As Leys remarks,
whereas guilt was conceptualised within an intentionalist framework in that the guilty subject was imagined as having fantasmatic identificatory intentions toward the aggressor, the new shame theory proposes an antiintentionalist account of the affects and an emphasis on the built-in responses of the body. [184]
By recasting guilt as shame and by relocating affective responses in the body rather than the psyche, the 'survivor' becomes a passive receptacle for the purely external forces of History/Reality.
Seen in this light, Finkielkraut's attestation, as a non-survivor, to the intractability of his position (which he expresses in terms not dissimilar to Primo Levi's disavowal of his powers as a witness) calls for further consideration. After all, what Finkielkraut feels unable to 'represent' is not the Holocaust so much as his own (Jewish) identity: just as Levi feels himself an illegitimate spokesperson for the former, so Finkielkraut feels himself an illegitimate spokesperson for the latter. The burden of guilt thus commutes from the survivors to their nominal descendants. But how and why does this happen? If 'feelings' are grounded in the material reality of the body, how does one explain the transmission of 'trauma' from one generation to the next?
Within the study of the humanities the theoretical discipline that addresses the Jewish experience most directly is Trauma Studies. Cathy Caruth (probably the best known and most influential theorist in the field) adapts Freud's theory of a 'latency' period with regard to the emergence of the traumatic neuroses in order to consider trauma as an experience that can only be known by means of its symptoms and after-effects: 'the event is not assimilated or experienced fully at the time, but only belatedly, in its repeated possession of the one who experiences it'7. The traumatised subject thus carries 'an impossible history within them, or they become themselves the symptom of a history that they cannot entirely possess' [5]. It's hardly surprising, therefore, to discover the post-war Jew, whose 'otherness none can possess,' appearing in conjunction with trauma theory. For, if trauma can partly be characterised by its own silencing, then Finkielkraut's repudiation of the role of 'Jewish spokesperson' might reasonably be interpreted as an actual symptom or resurfacing of the trauma from which he feels himself excluded. Finkielkraut, one could say, encounters the impossibility of his own situation by means of a constitutive confusion that could, paradoxically, entail his turning out to be what he feels he definitively isn't, i.e. a legitimate descendant of the Holocaust. A kind of Solomonic principle thus obtains: whoever forsakes his or her claim to the Holocaust must be its true witness, spokesperson or heir.
It is along similar lines that Caruth has argued that language can only bear witness to trauma by means of its failure of representation. As Ruth Leys remarks in Trauma: A Genealogy, Caruth's 'work epitomises the contemporary literary-critical fascination with the allegedly unrepresentable and unspeakable nature of trauma, especially the trauma of the Holocaust, which in effect stands in for trauma generally'.8 (although Leys objects to Caruth's appropriation of only the temporal dimension of Freud's theory of latency, thereby excluding his conception of the role played in trauma by unconscious repression)9. Caruth also describes how traumatic experiences can infect others (or later generations) who have been, as Leys puts it, 'in touch not with a representation of the horror but the literal repetition of it' [252]. That which cannot represent itself (in words or images) appears through this re-enactment or performance; trauma 'cannot be cured but simply transmitted – passed on' [252].
Caruth's insistence on the 'literal' impact of trauma rests, for Leys, on some shaky 'scientific-epistemological origins.' But why would Caruth wish to lay claim to a literal encounter with trauma? Is Caruth's 'literal' perhaps another term for Sartre's 'authenticity'? For Sartre, we recall, the authentic Jew recognises himself as a projection of the anti-Semite's imagination. As such, Jewish authenticity entails a true and lucid consciousness of an essentially negative situation, which, for Sartre, is not a situation of agency but one of passivity. Indeed, it's precisely insofar as the Jew occupies a position of passivity (or martyrdom) that he, by priding himself in his humiliation, may be counted an object-ive witness. Such constitutive passivity, however, inevitably requires the intervention of others, such as Sartre, to testify on the Jew's behalf, in much the same way as 'trauma' depends on the intervention of trauma theorists to recognise and thus realise its own existence.
Ruth Leys's genealogy of trauma as a concept is joined by John Mowitt's genealogy of trauma studies as a discipline.10 Genealogies might be said to investigate who those who speak in the name of trauma are really speaking for. Unlike Leys, however, whose Genealogy aims to rescue psychoanalysis from its misappropriation by trauma theory, Mowitt renders his genealogy applicable to both. According to Mowitt, the mutual reinforcement of Trauma Studies and Psychoanalysis occurs because both are self-generating discourses with no objective referent other than that which appears through the exercise of their own frameworks. Indeed, Mowitt charges that psychoanalysis' conceptualisation of loss or fantasmatic injury through the positing of theories such as castration anxiety and penis envy has led to a situation whereby loss or injury (and not just the fear of them) have in themselves become sources of fantasy and fetishisation. Identifying a similar envy of the fantasy-wound in psychoanalytic appropriations of trauma, he notes, for example, how in the work of recent psychoanalytic thinkers in the post-Lacanian tradition (he cites the example of Slavoj Žižek), the concept of trauma ceases to function in the register of specific narratives or histories and finds itself universalised.
In the post-Lacanian context, the 'lost object' of traumatic experience is made analogous to the event of becoming-subject (subjectivity). Everyone who can refer to themselves as a subject, as 'I', has, by very definition, experienced traumatic alienation from the grounds of their own being (Lacan's 'Real'). The 'Real' designates that which we, as socialised subjects, have become permanently alienated from: the Real is lost to us; we cannot know it, if, by knowledge, one refers to that which can be symbolised or represented. The moment we learn to speak as ourselves, for ourselves, we forfeit the Real. Nonetheless, within this picture, a glimpse of the Real remains accessible through the experience of trauma, which, however, as the rupturing of the everyday, symbolic order, cannot itself be symbolised.
What Mowitt wants to address by locating the exemplary status of trauma in Žižek's ontology is how vital Žižek renders the ability to lay claim to a submerged relationship to traumatic experience as the foundation of any further claims (in Žižek's case this includes philosophical speculations about the nature of truth or reality). Žižek thus universalises trauma as an experience in order to draw a certain kind of inspiration from it: trauma, in this view, has something of an erotic fascination; it is lost to us in the psychoanalytic narrative just as Eden or paradise is lost to us in the Biblical narrative. Suspicion of trauma as a concept is surely awakened, however, when everyone wants to be included within the elite circle of the traumatised. What strange sort of privilege is trauma? Is it a privilege because, as in Žižek's philosophy, trauma opens a window on to the Real? Or is it, rather, because of the 'moral advantages' conferred upon the victim, as described by Finkielkraut? Indeed, what does it to mean to be in possession of a specifically 'moral' advantage?
The advantage of morality, as Mowitt understands it, rests in the way the moral spokesperson stands apparently beyond the reproaches of the partisan or merely political. Thus the moral advantage of trauma is that, by virtue of its universal claims, it can silence all opposition or dissent: trauma claims to speak from beyond private or particular 'interests' in a supra-political way. Trauma Studies, Mowitt therefore argues, is really trauma envy. It is a discipline envious of the specifically moral advantages imaginatively extended to anyone who can lay claim to a significant wound; it is an envy of the wound as possessing the power to silence the demands or resentments of all others.
Mowitt's method of genealogical critique, however, lays itself open to very similar charges. For if Trauma Studies is envious of 'trauma' as its disciplinary object, then, by equivalent reasoning, Mowitt's genealogy might be suspected of envying Trauma Studies. Mowitt even expresses his resentment of trauma as a concept whose disciplinisation has, he believes, led to an unfortunate post-war phenomenon: the displacement of politics by ethics. Taking Holocaust Studies as his example, Mowitt writes,
if the rich and conflicted scholarship on the Holocaust of the last half century has taught us anything, it is that what remains most difficult and urgent to discern about this catastrophe is not its moral significance or character, but how the conditions for it arose within a world that remains ours. […] [T]he Holocaust is the event that, in cleaving the moral universe from top to bottom, is regarded as providing humanity's moral compass with its poles. [293-4]
Indeed, this may not be all that surprising because, while Mowitt identifies Žižek as a typical expositor of the trauma theory he criticises, Žižek in fact has exactly the same analysis as Mowitt regarding the supplanting of politics by morality. These are Žižek's words:[T]he reference to the Holocaust as the ultimate, unthinkable, apolitical crime, as the Evil so radical that it cannot be politicised (accounted for by a political dynamic), serves as the operator which allows us to depoliticise the social sphere, to warn against the presumption of politicization. The Holocaust is the name for the unthinkable excess of politics itself: it compels us to subordinate politics to some more fundamental ethics.11
The explicit precedent for Mowitt's genealogy of trauma is Nietzsche's Genealogy of Morals, in which Nietzsche unmasks Judeo-Christian morality as ressentiment in much the same way as Mowitt unmasks Trauma Studies as envy. In both these genealogies moralising discourse is unveiled as the resentment of a particular group, and in both cases the Jews, whether as Hebrew slaves or as victims of the Holocaust, represent their private or group interests as universal ones. For Nietzsche, moral discourse originates as a pragmatic strategy of the weak to induce 'guilt' in those more powerful than they. But what happens when the weak gain power themselves? Genealogical analyses could certainly lend support to the argument that Holocaust memory has been co-opted in the political interests of Zionist ideology, the security of the Jewish State, as well as in certain neo-conservative strands in the US and beyond. On the other hand, one can similarly observe the Holocaust's appearance in countervailing (anti-Zionist) discourses, where the memory of the Second World War has often been invoked as the critical context for those wishing to remark the 'irony' of the victim turning into the perpetrator. The Holocaust-referent thus finds itself mobilised to ground the universal (moral) claims of opposing sides of the same (political) issues.
By presenting events in moral rather than political terms, those who choose to speak in the name of the Holocaust may be suspected of failing to represent their true interests or intentions. Such suspicious hermeneutics, however, could find themselves subjected to the same form of critical scrutiny. For if what appears as 'power' here is the power to silence other voices, and if Holocaust history has been deliberately instrumentalised in order to silence criticism (e.g. of Israel's occupation of Palestine), then the critic drawing out such inferences might risk repeating the offence by returning the Holocaust from its fallen state of 'industry' back into its original state of muteness. Consider, for example, Karyn Ball's perception of
a growing climate of resentment against those of us who [work] on the Holocaust 'at the expense of' more recent genocides and contemporary forms of violent persecution. It is a resentment that is intimately and acritically bound up with anti-Zionist sentiment and the leftists position on Israel. There were already grumblings in the early 1990s among those scholars who are rightly critical of the Zionist expropriation of the Palestinians, but who insensitively deny their Jewish colleagues the right to pursue Holocaust scholarship because it is an ostensible symptom of pro-Jewish and, by implication, pro-Zionist sentiment. Among these academics in particular, the study of the Holocaust has come to be increasingly disparaged and stigmatised as a politically misguided, self-indulgent, and narcissistic pursuit. [13-4]
What system of values is in play when the Holocaust appears a self-indulgent, narcissistic pursuit?
To better gauge how this situation may have come about it's worth revisiting Sartre's anticipation of the post-war politics of identity. In his discussion of the post-war Jew the philosopher had called attention to the limitations of the post-Enlightenment ideal of universal 'man' qua 'universal subject of the rights of man and the rights of the citizen' [57]. Sartre's conception of the 'authentic Jew' is based on this same insight that 'the man does not exist; there are Jews, Protestants, Catholics; there are Frenchmen, Englishmen, Germans; there are whites, blacks, yellows.' As such, the 'authentic Jew abandons the myth of the universal man; he knows himself and wills himself into history' [136]. He can do this in one of two ways, by either aligning himself with the Zionist project for national self-determination (insofar as history's actors, for Sartre, are always bound to the logic of nations), or by deriving pride from humiliation. The choice between national identity and victim identity is not a far cry from the alternative politics of the anti-Semite and the democrat. Their shared formulation of the Jewish question ('[i]s he first a Jew or first a man?'), which Sartre had mightily criticised, is nonetheless answered, by Sartre, in symmetrical terms: as an Israeli the authentic Jew can speak for the Jews, as a victim he must speak for mankind. For the Jew who speaks in the name of the Holocaust can only do so by turning Jewish history into universal history and turning the Jew into a symbol of all humanity. This, in fact, accords with Sartre's own image of the Jew, 'whose only reason for existing,' as he put it, 'is to serve as scapegoat […] this species bears witness for essential humanity better than any other because it was born of secondary reactions within the body of humanity' [136] (my italics).
Like those he reprimands, Sartre may be suspected of inventing the Jew as an object (a 'body') upon which to ground his own claims to universality. His injunction to the (non-Israeli) Jew to derive pride from humiliation runs parallel to Ruth Leys' observation regarding trauma theory's transposition of guilt into shame: both make of the Jew (or the survivor) not an agent of history, but a receptacle. Partly, this stems from an understandable wish not to blame the victim for her own suffering. Paradoxically, however, insofar as guilt, unlike shame, pertains to what one does (or would like to do) rather than what one is, the notion of 'survivor's guilt' could yet return to the survivor a power of agency such as must be absolutely necessary if she is to have a future.
1 Linda Nochlin and Tamar Garb (eds.), The Jew In The Text, Modernity and the Construction of Identity, (London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1995), p. 6.
2 Karyn Ball, 'Trauma and Its Institutional Destinies,' pp. 1-44, Cultural Critique 46 (2000), p. 13.
3 Jean-Paul Sartre, Anti-Semite and Jew, (New York: Schocken Books, 1995), p. 71.
4 Jew In The Text, p. 201.
5 Alain Finkielkraut, The Imaginary Jew, (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), p. 9.
6 Ruth Leys, From Guilt to Shame: Auschwitz and After, (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2007), p. 30.
7 Cathy Caruth, introduction to Trauma: Explorations in Memory, (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995), p. 4.
8 Ruth Leys, Trauma: A Genealogy, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), p. 16.
9 In trauma theory, says Leys, there is no longer an unconscious in the Freudian sense. When the traumatised subject dreams, for example, 'the traumatic response is defined in terms not of repressed motives, disguised representations, and unconscious symbolic meanings but the literal, unmediated impact of the event.'[273] 10 John Mowitt, 'Trauma Envy,' Cultural Critique 46 (2000), pp. 272-297.
11 Slavoj Žižek, afterword to Jacques Rancière's The Politics of Aesthetics, (London: Continuum, 2004), p. 73.
Devorah Baum is a Lecturer in English Literature at the University of Southampton. She is also affiliated to Southampton's Parkes Institute, a unique centre for the study of Jewish/non-Jewish relations across the ages.
The above is an edited version of a longer essay: Trauma: An Essay on Jewish Guilt from English Studies in Africa, 52:1 (2009), pp. 15-27


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Sizes 18, 40, 50, 120, 175, 250 lb. tensile strengths, available in 4" to 48" Lengths. These cable ties are faster with a low insertion and pull through force. High tensile strength is achieved from one piece, advanced pawl, and teeth design. Manufactured from filtered Nylon reducing particle contamination. An angled tail provides quicker insertion alignment and tail finger grips allow easier handling and tightening. Rounded edges provides added safety and eliminates insulation damage to nylon cable ties. 36" and 48" applications include HVAC duct straps, and are UL 181B Listed.
Miniature Cable Ties (18 lb)
Miniature Cable Ties are a shorter, thinner, and lighter version of the Standard Cable Tie (50 lb). These mini zip ties, which hold up to a maximum weight of 18 lbs, are an ideal solution for a variety of general-purpose and indoor applications such as managing smaller cable bundles between .875" and 2.187" in cable bundle diameter, working in tight or confined spaces, and home projects examples include packing, identification, and wiring assemblies. In fact, we offer a wide variety of Colored Zip Ties (meet Military Specifications) and Fluorescent Cable Ties (do not meet Military Specifications), perfect for color-coding, packaging, and aesthetics.More Info
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Intermediate Cable Ties, which feature a standard nylon head and hold up to a maximum weight of 40 lbs., can be used for more specialized applications that require more durability and tensile strength than 18 lb. Miniature Cable Ties, but don't require quite as much strength as 50 lb. Standard Cable Ties. Examples for ideal applications include home repairs, electrical applications, or industrial gardening projects such as landscaping, fence repairs, or fastening marker plates and marker tags in flame retardant or high temperature environments. UL Recognized, RoHS Compliant, and Approved for CSA and Military Specifications (except Heat Stabilized Black ties), these fasteners are safe to use in both commercial and residential applications that need a bundle diameter anywhere between 1.437" and 4.0".More Info


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School Site Council
The council is formed to make decisions about how state-allocated categorical funds will be spent. Our School Site Council examines student achievement data from standardized tests and determines the academic goals for each school year. Any government funding received by the school is then apportioned out according to these goals.
The idea behind the creation of the councils in the 1970s was that those most closely involved with the schools and students on a day-to-day basis could often make the best decisions about how schools needed to improve. Successful School Site Councils, regardless of their specific agendas, are more than a "rubber stamp" committee, and will always ask thoughtful and challenging questions.
School Site Council members; whether teachers, classified employees or parents, don't just represent their own interests, they have an obligation to make decisions that will best serve the whole school community.


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Webinar How To - Running Your Own
Profitable Webinars
Published by Stephen Beck
How to run your own webinars ..that is the
First you have to put together a compelling presentation that
causes your prospective customers to take action. You see, it's
not enough to educate your audience. You can be the most beloved
"teacher" on the Internet and still not grow your online or
offline business through webinars.
You have to walk the fine line of giving really great content as
well as asking them to DO SOMETHING at the end of your webinar.
That can be visiting your website, picking up the phone or
driving over for a visit.
After you create a killer presentation, you have to find a
webinar hosting company so you can present your information to
hundreds of people at one time. There are several good ones out
there including
GoToWebinar, WebEx, Adobe Connect and few
others. Or you can hire individuals to run your webinar for you.
Also there are
webinar "how to" courses that show you every step
and give you the reasoning behind each one. Make sure you choose
a course that has lots of step by step video so you don't get
lost. Then turn the course over to your techie person, employee,
secretary or teenage kid and have them learn how to setup your webinar!
Next, you have to have a way of recording the webinar so you can
show the replay. Let's face it, not everyone will be able to
attend your webinar "in person", so you can pick up a few more
sales by offering a replay.
Now here's a million dollar tip. Always have a reason to "buy
now" in your webinar. Either the sale price is expiring in 48
hours ...or you only have a limited amount of appointments left
...or an extra special bonus will expire at the end of the week
...anything to get them to take action immediately after the
And that's why you want them "live". A webinar is a live event
and you control when they see it and what rewards they get for
taking action. That is how a webinar differs from a video they
can watch any time they want. Even a webinar replay is released
with the understanding that a deadline is looming right around
the corner.
And finally, you want to follow-up with your webinar attendees.
If you ask for full contact information on your webinar
registration page, you can send a postcard to those that
didn't buy on the webinar ...or a direct mail piece ...or even pick up the
phone and call them.
Think about how qualified a webinar attendee is - they just
spent 60 minutes listening to you on a webinar. Do you think they
are pretty interested in your product or service? All it takes
is a nudge to get them to buy.
So, these are a few webinar how to's. Webinars are really not
that complicated, and the rewards can be VERY profitable!
about Stephen Beck...
Stephen Beck is an expert on showing individuals and small businesses how to
explode their sales using webinars! He invites you to an amazing FREE weekly
webinar to discover lots of
webinar how to
secrets. Hurry, these fill up fast! Lock in your spot here:
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you include the above bio/resource box in full. Do
not make any changes to the article or the resource box.
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text:
Prof Sir Alasdair Breckenridge CBE FRSEMember of Scientific Advisory Board
Alasdair Breckenridge was Chairman of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency which was formed in April 2003 by the merger of the Medicines Control Agency and the Medical Devices Agency. Previously he was Chairman of the Committee on Safety of Medicines and Professor of Clinical Pharmacology in the University of Liverpool. He is now Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Centre of Regulatory Excellence of Duke/NUS in Singapore. He was knighted in 2004.
During his tenure at MHRA, Sir Alasdair served as the first Chair of the Department of Health's Emerging Science and Bioethics Advisory Committee (ESBAC), an organisation responsible for providing advice to UK health departments on emerging healthcare scientific developments and their ethical, legal, social and economic implications. He was a member of the Medical Research Council and he worked closely on several programmes of the European Union, the World Health Organisation and the International Union of Pharmacology and as Chair of the Committee on Safety of Medicines.
As a regulator, I am intrigued by the possible use of a drug with a previously uncertain reputation in a novel situation and how the regulatory hurdles could be overcome. To take a drug from the 1950s and reposition it in modern medicine especially for an unmet medical need presents a series of fascinating challenges.


text:
Where do you want to visit in Mumbai
Marine Drive
Bus Station
An Hour
Estimated Time
Marine Drive is a 3.6-kilometre-long Promenade along the Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Road in South Mumbai in the city of Mumbai, India. Often, the names Marine Drive and Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Road are used interchangeably to refer to this 3.6km stretch. The road and promenade were constructed by late philanthropist Bhagojisheth Keer and Pallonji Mistry. It is a 'C'-shaped six-lane concrete road along the coast of a natural bay. At the northern end of Marine Drive is Girgaon Chowpatty and the adjacent road along links Nariman Point at southern tip to Babulnath and Malabar Hill at northern tip. Marine Drive is situated on reclaimed land facing west-south-west. Marine Drive is also known as the Queen's Necklace because, when viewed at night from an elevated point anywhere along the drive, the street lights resemble a string of pearls in a necklace.


text:
She'll Follow You.
Latest Stories
A Single White Female for the age of Instagram, wickedly funny black comedy Ingrid Goes West stars Aubrey Plaza as a mentally unstable Internet stalker and Elizabeth Olsen as the vapid social media celebrity on whom she is fixated. Captivated by Taylor Sloane's Instagram-ready life of hipster cool, Plaza's Ingrid Thorburn heads to LA and manoeuvres her way into her idol's circle with cringe-making results. Director and co-writer Matt Spicer has gleeful fun satirising the shallowness of social media and the insecurity it engenders, while Plaza and Olsen's pitch-perfect performances keep our sympathies nicely balanced as Ingrid's hopelessly needy scheme unravels. #Hilarious.
Certificate 15. Runtime 98 mins. Director Matt Spicer
Ingrid Goes West available on Blu-ray, DVD & Digital from Universal Pictures.


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A woman riding a bicycle was struck and killed by a big-rig near Portola Valley Thursday afternoon (Nov. 4), a California Highway Patrol officer said.
The collision was reported at 3:39 p.m. on Alpine Road near the on-ramp to northbound Interstate Highway 280.
Initial reports indicated the bicyclist had been hit by an 18-wheeler and was underneath the big-rig. The San Mateo County coroner's office has been called to the scene.
CHP Officer Art Montiel said the bicyclist appears to be a woman in her 40s or early 50s.
As of about 5:30 p.m., a small stretch of westbound Alpine Road remained closed, Montiel said.
The CHP is interviewing the big-rig's driver and is seeking witnesses to the accident. Anyone with information is encouraged to call 650-369-6261 and ask to speak to Officer Keith Nielsen.


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84% of secondary school teachers have taught a student who they believe is self-harming in the last year, according to a survey by mental health charity YoungMinds.
YoungMinds is highlighting the need to ensure that teachers have support in identifying and responding to self-harm.
The charity has found that often teachers are the first point of call for students who need mental health support, but have limited training on how to respond or what action to take.
The charity carried out a survey of more than 3,000


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Black Tiger Sex Machine newest single, "Zombie", teases us with what's to come from their upcoming LP.
Black Tiger Machine is back with a vengeance! With their new album set to be released next month, the Canadian trio have released the first single off the album. With the help of Panther, BTSM returns with the hair raising track, "Zombie". By combining Panther's vocals with growling synths and suspenseful build ups, Zombie is everything you'd expect it to be. Zombie is classic BTSM with a bit of a bite to it.
The build ups in the song perfectly compliment the drop as Panther provides the story with his raspy voice. While it may not be the longest track on the album (three minutes, twenty seconds), it provides all of the punch and attention grabbing energy needed to keep you on your seat for the new album to be released. Speaking of which, BTSM's new album, "New Worlds" will be released March 2nd on KANNIBALEN RECORDS.
If you haven't heard "Zombie" yet, the Soundcloud link can be found below.


text: Jogeshwari - Rise in dengue cases, has frightened everyone. In order to combat Dengue MLA Sunil Prabhu conducted a routine drive in the areas such as- Ram Nagar, Hanuman Nagar & Laxman Nagar Jogeshwari, wherein health officers are going at the doorstep for the blood check up, spraying of insecticides, etc. The incessant rain is adding to the woes of residents, as the mosquitoes are breeding in the areas where water-logging is taking place.


text:
Skirting boards
Solid wood
Profile skirting board SL 621
|Top surface in mm:
|22 x 78
|Length in mm:
|2,700 / 2,500
|Running metre/bundle:
|13.5 / 12.5
Wood species:
Solid wood
Traditional solid wood skirting boards have been part of the HocoHolz product portfolio since the company was founded and are made to satisfy the highest demands. The high-quality solid wood skirting is available untreated, varnished or oiled. Real wood, a natural look and a variety of different types of wood give the opportunity to complete your flooring perfectly.


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MARS HILL, N.C. – The Mars Hill men's basketball team (6-5, 1-3 SAC) dropped a hard fought battle versus Wingate (9-5, 5-1 SAC) by a score of 83-76 Saturday evening inside Stanford Arena.
In a game that saw 12 ties and 10 lead changes, the Bulldogs prevailed to hand Mars Hill their first defeat at home in this season's campaign.
During the first half, no team had an advantage of more than four points at any given time. Wingate's largest lead of the half came at the 2:37 mark, when they were up 8-4 over Mars Hill. Five straight points from Ja'Shawn Brooks provided Mars Hill their first lead of the contest just over a minute later. With just over five minutes played, the teams would find themselves tied at 11 before Mars Hill regained the lead off of two Javonte Cook free throws.
The teams traded the lead back and forth several times over the next four minutes before a three-pointer from Jarren Cottingham provided the Bulldogs a three-point edge with 12:18 left in the half. A made free throw from Austin Stone just over a minute later tied the game at 20 and Mars Hill once again retook the lead 30 seconds later with a made layup from Tavion Trimble.
Neither team had a decisive edge down the stretch, remaining within one to two points of one another until a 4-0 run in the final minute of play for Mars Hill gave the Lions a 39-35 lead heading into the half.
The Bulldogs' Jakob Dawkins and Marco Haskins recorded 11 and 10 points, respectively, in the opening 20 minutes to lead all players. Matthew Powell paced the balanced Lions' offense with eight points, followed by seven apiece from Brooks and Stone.
Mars Hill carried over their momentum from the end of the first into the second half with another 4-0 run, extending their streak to eight straight points. The Bulldogs scored 10 of the next 13 points to pull within two before a three-pointer from Powell extended the lead back to five for the Lions. Haskins returned the favor 22 seconds later, trimming the deficit to two with a three-pointer of his own.
Wingate tied the game on a couple of occasions just over seven minutes later, but regained the lead with 13:44 left to player when Haskins, who was fouled on a three-point attempt, hit his third free throw in a row to give the Bulldogs a 52-51 lead. Over the next five and a half minutes, Mars Hill found themselves down by eight. With 7:51 left in the contest, they began their comeback bid.
Two converted free throws from Dotson Griffin closed the margin to six points and was the catalyst for an 8-0 run to tie the game at 69 with less than five minutes to play. Griffin had four of the eight points. The tie was short-lived as a three-pointer from Frankie Johnson gave the Bulldogs the lead once again.
Ever resilient, Mars Hill tied the game one last time with 2:32 to play with a Brooks dunk, but Haskins, on the ensuing possession, drained a three-pointer and was fouled on the way down. His trip to the charity stripe proved fruitful as he completed the four-point play. The Bulldogs padded their lead to seven to take down Mars Hill.
Haskins led all players with 15 points in the half and ended the contest with 25 points, shooting 8-of-11 from the floor, including 4-of-6 from beyond the arc. Dawkins ended the game with 18 points.
Brooks dropped 14 points in the second half and finished the contest with 21 to go along with his team-high eight rebounds. Powell added 16, followed by Javonte Cook's 11.
While Mars Hill outshot Wingate 71 to 47 percent from the free throw line, the Bulldog's 48 percent three-point shooting topped Mars Hill's 28 percent.
The Lions travel to Tusculum on Wednesday, January 9th to take on the Pioneers. Tipoff is scheduled for 8 p.m.


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This standing height conference table by Harmony Collection has a modern two tone look that is comprised of white laminate cube bases and modern walnut laminate tops. This bar height conference table has a modular design that is created by using 4FT x 4FT square leafs, each with its own cube base. It features a covenant cable and cord management solution where you can run all cables through the cube base legs of the conference table. It is made with a durable scratch resistant laminate and comes with a 5-year manufacturer's warranty.
When purchasing a new conference table, a new set of chairs can go a long way to creating a productive meeting space. These are our top picks for pairing with a conference table.


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It is in rest that God can cleanse me afresh, change me to walk uprightly, bring me back to a closeness with Him, revitalize the joy of my salvation, and call to remembrance all He is and all He does in my life.
In rest, LORD, You refresh me to Your reborn child. You remind me through Your Word of Your promises and Your prophecies. You call me back onto the path, the future You have made for me. You rejoice over me with Your gladness. And You quiet me by Your love that I mayrest in You. May I peacefully lay in Your arms besides the still waters. Amen.


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WMAA staff is comprised by lawyers and interns inclined toward advanced studies and with a strong vocation for legal research. Combining academic degrees with participation in legal practice, its members confront intricate aspects of transactions and cases, develop opinions and analysis and participate actively in the firm's knowledge management process, creating and updating databases of case law and legal writings. The sum of these activities provides quality, sophistication and creativity in the final result produced by WMAA professionals.
Walter José Faiad de Moura
Simone Moura
Aline Menezes Dias
Sabrina Cardoso Bernardo
Fernanda Saback Gurgel
Otávio Madeira Sales Lima
Érica Saad Machado
Laís Barros Mendes de Morais
Mariana Rodrigues Guerra
Rafael Ciarlini Ferreira
Diego Guedes da Silva
Bárbara Bento Mota
Thiago Ferreira Dos Santos
Fernando Otto S. de Almeida


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Published on
In the context of a project conducted by the Dutch research institute, TNO, the Open University of the Netherlands, the Media company Attic Media and the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC), we are conducting a foresight study called FORLIC - Foresight on Learning, Innovation and Creativity, dealing with the structures, developments, chances and challenges of future education.
The study thus focuses on:
• Foresight analysis
• The role of technology for future education
• Changes and challenges of the future education system
• The development of scenarios
-> How will we learn in the future?
-> What will we need in the future?
-> Will there be new jobs and the need for new curricula?
-> Can we deal with the challenges?
The aim of the project: Finding answers to the strategic challenges in the years towards 2030 in regard to technological opportunities and challenges as well as societal needs.


text:
NEW YORK (MarketWatch) -- Wal-Mart Stores, WMT, +0.94% Bentonville, Ark., the world's largest retailer, said it would boost its stake in Seiyu Ltd., its Japanese affiliate, to more than 50% from 42.4%, The Wall Street Journal reported. Seiyu's shareholders must approve the deal. By making Seiyu a subsidiary, Wal-Mart will reflect the supermarket operator's financial statements on its own books. Seiyu posted a first-half net loss of 10.59 billion yen, or $93.7 million, and projects a net loss of 7.5 billion yen for 2005, the Journal reported. Wal-Mart began operating in Japan in 2002.
Wal-Mart to lift stake in Japan affiliate to majority: WSJ
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