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The faculty of History, Political Science and Humanities are some of the most sought-after at the university. Dedicated to serving both the general education core and students within the major, this faculty has a very high rate of interaction with students. University alumni continue to show their admiration for the professors in this department well beyond graduation.
Dean of the School of Music
Professor of Music
William R. Green is the Dean of the School of Music at Lee University, where he oversees a broad program of undergraduate and graduate music degrees with dedicated study in performance, music education, church music, and music business. As a Professor of Music, he also conducts the Lee University Chorale and the Lee University Festival Choir and teaches graduate and undergraduate conducting. He earned the Doctor of Musical Arts in Choral Conducting from the University of Kentucky and the Master of Music from Georgia State University. Green performed and recorded with Robert Shaw as a member of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra Chorus and Chamber Chorus. The impact of this musical experience led Green to doctoral research on Shaw's techniques on rhythm and phrasing, specifically in relation to the works of J.S. Bach.
In addition to his work with Shaw, Green has collaborated with many of the leading conductors of our time, including John Rutter, Yoel Levi, Z. Randall Stroope, Ann Howard Jones, and Jefferson Johnson. He has led performances of many of the major works for chorus and orchestra, including Handel's Messiah, the Requiems of Mozart and Fauré, Brahms' Ein Deutches Requiem, Beethoven's Choral Fantasy and Mass in C Major, Vaughan Williams' Serenade to Music, and the works of Bach, Britten, Poulenc, Vivaldi, and Schubert, among others. Ruth Cartridge of the Chattanooga Pulse said, "Green's touch with the waves of sound in Brahms was simply lovely. There is an aura of suppressed energy in his pianissimos that would make many choral directors envious."
He is active nationally and internationally as a guest conductor, adjudicator and clinician, most recently working with choirs from Georgia, Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, and South Carolina. He has presented workshops throughout the United States, as well as in Central America and Israel.
Explore the campus through our interactive Map


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Aug 21, 2008
A while back I did an illustration for Ben Grundy at Mysterious Universe, which was originally going to be used (I think) on a special DVD he was going to put out. Since the site unfortunately looks quite dead, I went ahead and submitted the design for critique over at Threadless. My wife's quite a fan of the site, and I have a big liking for the community way they pick shirts. Head on over and give me some feedback on the design, and be honest! I want (if selected) this shirt to be kickass, so tell me what you think of the layout. Thanks!
Oh yeah, if you want to see how the design came about, just head here.
graphic montage with one face from different artists - really cool. I\'m going to try and get one...
Excellent stuff sir! Nice to see some hand drawn action! Shame about the old Mysterious Universe podcast stopping, I used to really enjoy it, hope he resurfaces again one day.
Si Devon/UK listener.

subset: commoncrawl


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Worried there's not enough?
You better cheat, and lie and steal, because there's not enough!
It's not your fault. I know it's scary. And sometimes it can feel true, but it's a lie. I promise.
The lie?
There's not enough.Read More
Are You Sure You Have That Right?
Would you just curl up with a good book, some tea and a great blanket? Why yes please. It's just that time of year, isn't it? I ended up getting quite the head cold last week, and let me tell you…that's all I wanted: my comfy couch and some down time. As I was resting…Read More
How Much Do You Really Care?
Ah, don't you just love when you're waiting for someone's attention and you get the feeling that they really don't care if you're there or not? Yeah, 'cause that's fun… One of the most important things we can do for each other, and for ourselves, is to demonstrate just how much we care about those…Read More
Dealing With Insecurity
Have you ever had those moments when you feel like you're about to lose it? Like nothing is going well, you're not sure what to do next and you can't see a way out? Oh those moments of insecurity. Not fun. And the worst part? Insecurity is just flat-out dangerous. Insecure people are dangerous to…Read More
It's Never About the "Stuff"
So, you know when you're going about life, chasing what you love, striving for what you want…and then, you realize you don't really have that passion for what you've acquired? 'Cause you know, that's fun. Not. That house you wanted? Now it's a pain, it's not exactly what you really wanted, you wish it was…Read More
Those Small Moments
OK, I have a confession. I am so happy to start a new week! Last week was a little bit too hectic, with too much to do and too many demands. I know you know what I'm talking about. It's August for cryin' out loud. It's supposed to be filled with the lazy days of…Read More
Trusting Those Spidey Senses
About a year ago, my intuition told me something. I found myself in a situation where I was not only really uncomfortable, but I knew that I was in the wrong place. My intentions were being thwarted, and worst of all, my natural abilities, inclinations and talents were being treated disrespectfully. I remember thinking, "OK.…Read More
How I Found Meditation
Meditation schmeditation. At least, that's how I used to feel whenever I heard the word meditation. Sure, I could see that it helped some people, but mostly I figured it was a way for people to sit down for a few minutes and not have to work. I mean, who couldn't use a little bit…Read More


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Sugar Daddy Online
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Mow (pronounced Moo as it's the noise cows make in France) is a simple but active card game with good player interaction as each tries to obstruct the other players.
The game consists of two decks of cards – one deck is used for 2 to 5 players and the other deck is added for 6 to 10 players. Each card shows a cartoon cow and has a number on between 0 to 16, plus each has a number of flies on it from 0 to 5. Flies are bad and the players want to avoid collecting them.
Each player starts with 5 cards. On their turn, a player plays a card to the centre of the table so that a single row of cards builds up and these will be in numerical order. Read the rest of this entry »


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Join Richard Young and Ken Wright on a twelve day photography tour showcasing the best landscapes New Zealand's North Island has to offer. This tour offers perfect situations for long exposure photography, wild coastlines, waterfalls, volcanic activity, mountains, lush forest, stunning lakes, geysers and much more.
We shall travel extensively from Auckland, firstly to the Coromandel Peninsula, where serene beauty, calmness and colour awaits in one of the best locations for long exposure photography.
Following this, we will also see many of the most magnificent volcanic landscapes of New Zealand, including the World Heritage Tongariro National Park, White Island (one of the world's most active volcanoes) and Mt Taranaki, arguably the country's most shapely mountain before looping back around to Auckland.
Find out more: https://www.photographyworkshops.co.nz/package/north-island-landscapes-photo-tour/?utm_source=Event-Finder
- Boat trip to White Island
- Boat around the Coromandel Coast
- All the main volcanoes
- The North Island best beaches
- 4WD trip on private farmland
Auckland - Auckland
- Coromandel Coast & White Island
- Rotorua Geothermal Area
- Mt Ruapehu, Tongariro and Ngauruhoe
- Mt Taranaki and Taranaki coastline
Price includes:
- Tuition by Richard Young & Ken Wright
- Tour and boat trip to White Island
- Chartered boat trip on the Coromandel
- Ferry trip to Rangitoto Island
- Entry to Rotorua Geothermal Reserve
- 4WD trip across private farmland
- 11 nights hotel accommodation (twin share, single upgrade available)
- 11 breakfasts
- Transport during the tour
- Copy of Pocket Guide to Landscape Photography
- DOC concession fees
- Donation to our Tongariro Conservation Project
- 17 x 22" inch Fine Art Print from the Epson SC-P800


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Company Information
To continue to thrive as a business over the next decade and beyond, we must look ahead, understand the trends and forces that will shape our business in the future and move swiftly to prepare for what's to come. We must get ready for tomorrow today. That's what our 2020 Vision is all about. It creates a long-term destination for our business and provides us with a "Roadmap" for winning together with our partners and clients.
Our Roadmap starts with our mission, which is enduring. It declares our purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions.
- To psycho analytically align the world.
- To inspire moments of optimism and happiness.
- To create value and make a positive and lucrative difference.
Our vision serves as the framework for our Roadmap and guides every aspect of our business by describing what we need to accomplish in order to continue achieving sustainable, quality growth. We have distilled the key aspects of our corporate vision into 7 P's
- People: Be a great place to work where people are inspired to be the best they can be.
- Psyche: Be respectful and aware of the forces that influence all thought, behavior and personality.
- Portfolio: Bring to the world a portfolio of quality services that anticipate needs and satisfy desires.
- Partners: Nurture a winning network of clientele so that together we can create mutual, enduring value.
- Planet: Make a difference by helping build and support sustainable communities.
- Profit: Maximize long-term return to shareowners while being mindful of our overall responsibilities.
- Productivity: Be a highly effective, lean and fast-moving organization.
Our Winning Culture defines the attitudes and behaviours we need to make our 2020 Vision a reality.
Our values serve as an ethical compass for our actions and describe how we behave in the world. We aim to isolate visionary civic leadership, and to replace accepted truth within the networks of thought with more productive and future driven beliefs. Might there be dangerous unintended consequences to such societal experimentation? At Psykrom, we believe the answer is: not worse than existing conditions, by far a stretch. In order to implement our values, we have developed and integrated a L.I.C.Q.U.I.D values chain:
- Leadership: The courage to shape a better future
- Integrity: Be real
- Collaboration: Leverage collective genius
- Quality: What we do, we do well
- Uniqueness: Don't follow, lead
- Intensity: Committed in heart and mind
- Diversity: As inclusive as our challenges
Focus on the Mind and on the Market
- Focus on needs of our clientele, staff and partners
- Get out into the market and listen, observe and learn
- Possess a world view
- Focus on execution in the marketplace every day
- Be insatiably curious
Work Smart
- Act with urgency
- Remain responsive to change
- Have the courage to change course when needed
- Remain constructively discontent
- Work efficiently
Act Like Owners
- Be accountable for our actions and inactions
- Steward system assets and focus on building value
- Reward our people for taking risks and finding better ways to solve problems
- Learn from our outcomes -- what worked and what didn't
Be the Future!
- Inspire creativity, passion, optimism and outstandingness


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Sumanth, the grandson of Akkineni Nageswara Rao, is now making an appearance in the NTR biopic as his grandfather. Sumanth, who is known for his work in the movies Satyam, Mahanandi, Dhana 51, Godavari and his latest Malli Raava, is one of those actors who have a charming personality and a pleasing smile. The same characteristics are observed in ANR as well and that is one of the main reasons Sumanth has been asked to feature in this role.
Sumanth's look as Akkineni Nageswara Rao has been released today, on the birth anniversary of ANR. The resemblance of Sumanth to ANR is uncanny and realistic. What is left for the audience to wait and figure out is whether the mannerisms and talent is also replicated or not. ANR and NTR worked together in quite some movies together and their on screen magic was like a melody refusing to end.
Starting with Missamma, Bhookailas, Gundamma Katha and Mayabazaar, they created magic together on the screen. It is going to be a visual treat to watch actors identical to those legends try and recreate the same magic once more. NTR biopic is the biggest and currently the most talked about project of the Telugu film industry. With a cast so talented and crew so skilled, NTR is all set to release on the 9th of January, 2019. The director of this sensational project is Krish Jagarlamudi.


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Most, if not all, of modern medicines, grew their roots quite literally from early botany. Though the practice of using herbs and tinctures for healing today meets with skepticism and wry grins from Western culture, but this was not always so. For millennia, the "ancient Chinese secrets" of holistic medicine were regarded as highly advanced. Now, with essential oils, the advances in scientific studies of the body, and cannabis, they have regained their validity.
Chinese medicine and cannabis
Cannabis is known as "Ma," in Chinese, meaning "help, cannabis, & numbness." To understand just how far back the medical history of cannabis in China goes, here are just a handful of references.
- Approx 2,737 BCE: Tales of the Red Emperor Shen Nung state that he introduced the plant along with many others into medical use. He is considered the 'patron' of all herbalists and apothecaries
- Approx 2698-2205 BCE: Yellow Emperor Huang Ti supposedly invented acupuncture needles, and wrote the Nei Ching, or Chinese Canon of Medicine. This text outlined the use of cannabis and other plants for ailments
- 1 AD: The oldest herbal pharmacopeia on record, "Pen Ts'ao Ching" detailed many uses for cannabis in Chinese medicine
- 140-208 AD: Hua Tuo becomes the first medical practitioner to use cannabis in conjunction with acupuncture to numb patients during surgery
- 700 AD: The world's oldest stash of psychoactive cannabis dates to this time, found in 2008 in the tomb of a shaman in remote China
In addition, the Chinese goddess Magu (literally: "hemp maiden") carries the association of longevity and the elixir of life.
Cannabis and acupuncture
The healing capabilities of both of these medical avenues seem to spring up in the same era, and for good reason. Acupuncture uses needles placed just under the skin to balance the flow of chi, or energy, in line with a system of points known as Meridians. While this might sound "hokey,"
While this might sound "hokey," modern science has vindicated the practice. The system that acupuncture manipulates is, in fact, the endocannabinoid system.
The practice known as "cupping," or moxibustion actually uses herbs directly. Traditionally, the healer would heat the air in the cup by burning mugwort and cannabis. Then, the healer put the cup on the skin, and a vacuum created suction. This would "pull illness and toxins" from the body. The two practices combined can use needles with burning herbs or oils on top.
Combined therapy?
Acupuncture boasts many success stories of helping people free themselves from addictions, lose weight, and regain health much like cannabis. If you live in a legal state, you should see if your acupuncturist is trained in cannabis medicine.
Cannabis is widely used to increase the effectiveness of many forms of holistic healing. Combining it with acupuncture might be the perfect combination.
This post was originally published at this location


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Coptering recently has been the first school in Spain to obtain the approval to teach PBN courses for instrumental Helicopter pilots.
It is very important to remember that (AESA) recalls since 25 of August 2018, pilots with PBN ratings can fly according to performance-based navigation procedures (PBN route and / or approaches).
Pilots with instrument flight ratings without PBN ratings may only fly routes and approaches that do not require PBN allocations, and PBN elements will not be required for the renewal of their flight clearance until August 25, 2020, from that date, PBN ratings will be required to renew the IR(H) ratings.
The ways to obtain / recognize the attributions will be, through an approved Training School (ATO) approved to provide PBN training or in the field of the operator previously recognized by the Licensing Division. to the Aeronautical Personnel of AESA. In this sense, Coptering is available to give advice to all those users that wish to take the PBN Course.
If you want more information you can contact us here.
Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.


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The Creature Feature: 10 Fun Facts About the Aardwolf
The aardwolf (Proteles cristata) is not related to aardvarks or wolves — it's the smallest member of the hyena family. They have long, pointed ears, slender skulls, and long necks. Like all members of Hyaenidae, the have front legs longer than their hind legs, giving them a sloped stature. Aardwolves also have a distinctive mane that grows from behind their heads to the tips of their tails and black stripes running across their cream-colored bodies.
Aardwolves can grow up to 31 inches in body length, with a 12 inch tail. They usually weigh less than thirty pounds. They live in the dry plains and bushland areas of southern and eastern Africa.
1. Aardwolves are related to hyenas. Unlike its name suggests, the aardwolf is not related to the aardvark. It's actually a member of the hyena family.
2. "Aardwolf" means "earth wolf" in Afrikaans. Aarwolves are also known as civet hyenas, for the secretions from their anal glands, and maanhaar jackals. Their genus name, Proteles, means "complete in front" and refers to the fact that they have five toes on their front paws and four toes on their back paws. Their species name, cristatus, means "provided with a comb," in reference to their manes.
3. They eat mostly termites. Unlike other termite-feeding animals, like the anteater and the aardvark, the aardwolf doesn't dig up its prey. It lacks the claws needed for digging. Instead, it laps up termites from the ground using its long, sticky tongue. One aardwolf can consume more than 200,000 termites in a single night. Contrary to popular belief, aardwolves don't eat carrion. They are often observed picking at corpses, but they are actually eating the insect larvae and beetles that are found on decaying bodies.
4. Aardwolves have specialized cheek teeth. They have strong jaws and canine teeth, but their cheek teeth have been reduced to flattened pegs, used for eating insects. Aardwolves primarily use their canines for fighting and defense.
5. They spend their days underground. Aardwolves are nocturnal and spend their days in underground burrows. They usually use the abandoned dens of aardvarks, porcupines, or springhares.
6. Aardwolves are territorial. A mating pair of aardwolves has a home range of up to four square km. Both sexes mark their territories with secretions from their anal glands.
7. Aardwolves use their manes to appear bigger. If another aardwolf intrudes upon their territory, they will raise their manes as a warning signal and chase the intruder away. If the intruder is caught, which happens rarely, a fight will occur.
8. They communicate largely through smell. Aardwolves have two anal glands that secrete a black, musky fluid that they use to mark their territories and send messages to other aardwolves. They smear these secretions on foliage to establish territories and attract potential mates. They tend to be vocal only when confronting intruders or predators. In these cases, aardwolves may make a clucking sound, a deep growl, or a roar.
9. They have special toilet areas. Aardwolves have areas within their territories that they use for urination and defecation, called middens. Each time they visit a midden, they dig a hole, do their business, and then pile dirt on top to cover it up.
10. Aardwolves are socially monogamous. They form mating pairs and help raise their young together, but males may mate with other females within neighboring territories. Males and females care for their offspring together for about their first year. When pups are small, the males guard the den while the female leaves to forage for food.
References and Other Resources:
Aardwolf (Proteles cristata). Arkive. Accessed August 18, 2015 at http://www.arkive.org/aardwolf/proteles-cristata/.
Aardwolf (Proteles cristata). IUCN Hyaena Specialist Group. Accessed August 18, 2015 at http://www.hyaenidae.org/the-hyaenidae/aardwolf-proteles-cristatus.html.
Matsebula, S. N., Monadjem, A., Roques, K. G., and Garcelon, D. K. (2009). The diet of the aardwolf, Proteles cristatus, at Malolotja Nature Reserve, western Swaziland. African Journal of Ecology 47: 448-451. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00982.x.
Nel, J. A. J. and Bothma, J. (1983). Scent marking and midden used by aardwolves (Proteles cristatus) in the Namib Desert. African Journal of Ecology, 21: 25-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.1983.tb00310.x.
Proteles cristata. Encyclopedia of Life. Accessed August 18, 2015 at http://eol.org/pages/925982/details.
Sliwa, A. and Richardson, P. R. K. (1998). Responses of aardwolves, Proteles cristatus, Sparrman 1783, to translocated scent marks. Animal Behaviour 56: 137-146. doi: 10.1006/anbe.1998.0757.
Stump, M. (2011). Proteles cristata. Animal Diversity Web. Accessed August 18, 2015 at http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Proteles_cristata/.


text: A: Body contouring with the UltraShape delivers measurable, long-lasting circumference reduction in target body areas, and provides the following benefits: Non-invasive – The procedure is totally non-invasive and reduces the fat thickness and circumference of the treated area with no incisions, cannulas, injections or needles. Safe – The focused ultrasound causes a mechanical (non-thermal) effect that selectively targets only fat tissue without affecting the surrounding blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue. Effective – After three sessions, patients experience an average of 4 cm reduction in body circumference. These results have been proven in clinical studies and are demonstrated in the tens of thousands of treatments performed worldwide. The results you experience may vary. Comfort – The vast majority of people who have undergone the UltraShape body contouring procedure report no discomfort. There is no anesthesia or sedation required. You simply lie on the bed and the technician guides a handheld device that delivers the ultrasound energy over your body.


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How to Help a Loved One with Speech Aphasia
The only experience I've had with the speech and language problem called Aphasia was after my uncle had a series of strokes. He was a man who had lived for reading and word games. The worst part of watching him struggle to find words was that he knew the words he found were wrong. He was not only frustrated, but humiliated too.
Aphasia is not uncommon and, as caregivers, we must learn to assist our loved ones with the disorder however we can.
What is Aphasia?
A person with a diagnosis of a stroke, traumatic brain injury or other neurological causes may have this disorder. The National Aphasia Association explains that it is an acquired communication disorder that impairs the ability of a person to process language.
This can impact a person's ability to communicate and understand both the spoken and written word. The specific symptoms and the severity will vary depending on the location and extent of the brain damage. In some cases, a person's symptoms may also include weakness or paralysis of their arm and/or leg. Some will make improvements more quickly than others, but many could improve over a period of months or even years.
What kind of Aphasia therapy is available?
Kathryn: First of all, it is important for a person to have an evaluation by a speech-language pathologist to determine not only what areas of language are affected, but also the extent of difficulties. In this way a rehabilitation program can be created to maximize safety, communication and quality of life.
There are a variety of therapy techniques that can be effective in the rehabilitation of a person with difficulty speaking. U.S. Representative Gabrielle Gifford's' traumatic brain injury resulted in Aphasia, and one of the strategies used in her treatment program with a speech-language pathologist was Melodic Intonation Therapy. This approach uses melody and rhythm to help patients recover words and language patterns. Each situation is unique, and a person's support system is an essential part of the rehabilitation team.
Part of the process is learning the best strategies to cue a person with speech problems. For example, several years after a stroke, a younger woman was frustrated with her word-finding problems. Also she could not spell even though she could read words without any issues. Her therapy focused on creating a categorized list of words—including names—that she struggled with, but wanted to use on a regular basis. As a result, she was able to write down her shopping list or read a word aloud that she could not recall by referring to her personalized word list. For the first time she was able to start addressing cards to her family by copying their addresses and even picking some appropriate personalized comments from a list created especially for her. Another client learned how to use an iPad to type what he wanted to say since his speech was very difficult to understand.
How can caregivers and family members help a person with Aphasia?
Kathryn: Each patient may have different needs, but there are several things caregivers can do to minimize their stress when trying to communicate.
- First of all, reduce distractions such as the television, music, multiple conversations in the background, or involvement with electronic devices.
- When the person is trying to explain something, do not rush them. Give the individual time to process what they are trying to say.
- When there is difficulty coming up with a word, encourage the person to describe the item, gesture or even draw.
- Use yes and no questions instead of asking for very specific details.
- In some cases, the person may not be able to say a word, but might be willing to accept your cue of two word choices if you know what the person is trying to say.
- If there are problems with comprehension of the spoken word, it may be helpful to speak in shorter and less complex sentences.
- It is important to slow the rate of your speech and provide directions one or two steps at a time.
- The individual may no longer be able to read books or the newspaper due to the length and complexity of the information. Depending on their interests and what an assessment of their difficulties reveals, reading shorter stories could be something the person might be able to handle.
- An assessment by a speech-language pathologist will help families and friends understand what the person struggles with and also provide specific recommendations.
The prognosis of those with Aphasic speech
One of the important things to consider is how to provide them with a good quality of life.
Early in my career, I had a client in her forties who became an inspiration to me because, although she was paralyzed on her right side and initially had significant speech problems, she was determined to make the most out of her life. She lived alone and learned how to cook. Baking was her specialty.
One year she made me an amazing birthday cake with roses on it. That's hard to imagine since she could not use her right hand, but with the help of her family, she attached a decorator to a Fisher Price radio that she wound up.
Over the years, she became more fluent with her speech. In an interview we did for a therapy video tape for word practice, she proudly told the interviewer that she can now do it all. At times she would need to take extra time to express herself, but it did not interfere with her socialization.
She also learned how to crotchet with only her left hand and, decades later, with the help of a friend, she made a quilt. Like many patients, she participated in therapy in the hospital, in rehab and then at home. Later, she had outpatient therapy for speech, as well as occupational and physical therapy.


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Bayern Munich – SC Freiburg: Preview & Prediction
Bayern München and Freiburg play at the Allianz-Arena in a Bundesliga matchday 8 game. The history of direct matches played at this stadium favors the home team, which in the last 4 games has won 4. In fact, in the last clash at this stage, for the Bundesliga on 20-05-2017, Bayern München won by (4- 1). The goals of the game were scored by A. Robben (4 '), A. Vidal (73'), F. Ribéry (90 ') and J. Kimmich (90') for Bayern München and N. Petersen (76 ' ) to Freiburg. It is necessary to analyze with special attention the house / off condition, as Bayern München presents different results at home and abroad.
Analysis of Bayern München
The home team are currently in 2nd place with 14 points, after 4 wins, 2 draws and 1 loss. In the penultimate game, they drew at home against Wolfsburg by (2-2). In the latter, he tied off against Hertha BSC by (2-2). This is a team that curiously has more positive results than at home, since in the last 30 games it has 9 wins, 3 draws and 3 losses as a visitor, with 43 goals scored and 19 conceded; against 6 wins, 3 draws and 6 defeats in his stadium, with 27 goals scored and 24 conceded. In the last 10 home games for all competitions, Bayern München won 4, drew 1 and lost 5. Their attack has scored regularly as they have scored goals in 6 of the last 7 games for this competition. In 15 games, he suffered the first goal 6 times and only got 1 turnaround.
Bayern Munich go into this match after a 2-2 draw at the Hertha site. The emblem of the house usually works in a tactical system in 4-3-3, privileging the fast transitions, mainly through the wings. In this drawing, the three men responsible for launching panic on the opposing defense are Robben, Lewandowski and Coman. It seems that coach Willy Sagnol will not be able to rely on Ribéry, Thiago, Bernat, Alaba and Neuer for being injured.
Analysis of Freiburg
The visiting team is currently in 15th place with 7 points, after 1 win, 4 draws and 2 losses. In the penultimate game, drew away against Werder Bremen by (0-0). In the last game, won at home against Hoffenheim by (3-2). This is a team little affected by the home factor, that is, presents similar results at home and abroad, since in the last 30 games has recorded 6 wins, 3 draws and 6 losses as a visitor, with a total of 37 goals scored and 26 conceded; against 7 wins, 5 draws and 3 losses in his stadium, with a total of 17 goals scored and 13 conceded. In the last game he played, for Club Friendlies, lost with Strasbourg at home by (1-2). In the last 10 games as a visitor Freiburg won 4, drew 1 and lost 5. In the last 6 away games for all competitions there has been 1 period that stands out: he suffered 4 of his 11 goals in the minutes (46'-60 ').
Our Tips
Freiburg enter this unmotivated round after a 1-2 loss in a friendly against Strasbourg. Contrary to the "enemy" of this journey, the outfielder must work on a tactical system in 5-4-1, with the purpose of using the central corridor to invest in the offensive process. In any case, one guesses that Freiburg will adopt a more defensive posture, in order not to grant spaces to his opponent. The coach of Freiburg will not be able to count on Kleindienst, Meffert, Abrashi, Niedermeier, Koch and Gulde for being injured.
Bayern Munich – SC Freiburg: Betting Tips
Bayern Munich – Win Odds: 1.20
Both teams to score / YES – Odds: 1.80
Over 3.5 Goals – Odds: 1.80


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The evaluation of pragmatic level of language in children with autism spectrum disorder
Vitásková, Kateřina
Kytnarová, Lucie
1. vydání, 2017, 170 stran,
Prodejní cena se slevou
Prodejní cena180 Kč
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The monograph analyses the possibilities of assessment of pragmatic level of language (PLL) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in order to extend both the theoretical and application base in special education and speech-language pathology, as well as in related scientific disciplines aimed at diagnosing and intervention. The original research results are based on a field research, comparing the groups of children with developmental dysphasia, mild intellectual disability, and typical population. The authors emphasise the need for the assessment of PLL not only by means of quantity-based testing, but primarily by combing with individually targeted quality-based observation and direct confrontation with children's statements or expressions.


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This was not a straightforward battle over whether to include creationism or its close cousin, intelligent design, in the science curriculum. That battle has been lost by Darwin's opponents in the courts, the schools and most political arenas.
Rather, this was a struggle to insert into the state science standards various phrases and code words that may seem innocuous or meaningless at first glance but could open the door to doubts about evolution. In the most ballyhooed vote, those like us who support the teaching of sound science can claim a narrow victory.
Conservatives tried — but failed — to reinsert a phrase requiring students to study the "strengths and weaknesses" of all scientific theories, including evolution. That language had been in the standards for years, but it was eliminated by experts who prepared the new standards for board approval because it has become a banner for critics of Darwinian evolution who seek to exaggerate supposed weaknesses in the theory.
The conservatives also narrowly lost attempts to have students study the "sufficiency or insufficiency" of natural selection to explain the complexities of the cell, a major issue for proponents of intelligent design. The conservatives also failed to get the word "sufficiency" inserted by itself, presumably because that would imply insufficiency as well. They had to settle for language requiring students to "analyze, evaluate and critique" scientific explanations and examine "all sides" of the scientific evidence.
At the end of a tense, confusing three-day meeting, Darwin's critics claimed that this and other compromise language amounted to a huge victory that would still allow their critiques into textbooks and classrooms. One can only hope that teachers in Texas will use common sense and teach evolution as scientists understand it.Continue reading the main story


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LAKEPOINT, Ga. – Propelled by conference championships from women's soccer and men's cross country, the Lipscomb Bisons find themselves atop the ASUN Conference All-Sports Race for the Bill Bibb Trophy at the conclusion of fall sports seasons.
It marks the fifth-straight year that the Purple and Gold have led at the midway point.
Lipscomb leads the race with 88.5 total points out of a possible 117 for a 75.64 percent, just ahead of Kennesaw State, who is only 0.64 percentage points behind.
The Lady Bisons are in the driver's seat for the fourth-straight season for the Sherman Day Trophy after finishing in the top-four of all three women's sports during the fall. They lead the standings with a percentage of 81.25.
The women's soccer team secured a share of its first-ever regular season title, while the women's cross country squad narrowly missed its seventh consecutive title to finish second. Lipscomb volleyball earned a fourth-place finish to give the Bisons 58.5 out of a possible 72 points in the fall.
On the men's side of things, the cross country team brought home its fourth ASUN crown in five years and the soccer team finished the regular season in sixth place before winning its first tournament title and advancing to the program's first NCAA Tournament.
The Bisons have totaled 30 out of a possible 45 points (66.67%) and are currently tied for third with Florida Gulf Coast in the race for the Jesse Fletcher Trophy. Kennesaw State, who doesn't field a men's soccer program, earned 18 out of 24 possible points and leads the way with 75.00 percentage points.
Points for the ASUN All-Sports title are awarded on a descending basis in three-point increments. A minimum of 50-percent of the ASUN membership must participate in a sport for that sport to be counted in the standings. The total number of points available for each sport is established according to the number of teams participating in each sport.
In team sports, points are awarded bases on regular season finish. In individual sports (cross country, track & field, golf) points are awarded based on ASUN Championship standings. Ties split points. The final All-Sports standings are bases on percentage. Each institution's percentage score is determined by the aggregate calculation of each institution's points earned divided by the maximum points available to that institution.


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Applicants can be nominated through one of two streams.1 The general stream; for applicants who meet the minimum requirements for State nomination and have an available occupation on the Western Australian skilled migration occupation list eligible for the intended visa subclass.
2 The graduate stream; for applicants who meet the minimum requirements for State nomination and additional requirements applicable to this stream, and have an available occupation on the Graduate occupation list eligible for the intended visa subclass. Additional requirements include having gained a higher education qualification in Western Australia, including at least two years of full time study in Western Australia at a Western Australian university.
Masters and PhD graduates will have access to all occupations on the Graduate occupation list. Bachelor and higher degree graduates will only be able to access some of the occupations on the Graduate occupation list. Check the Graduate occupation list to determine if your qualification type is eligible for your intending occupation. The university qualification you gain in Western Australia does not need to determine the occupation you wish to nominate from the Graduate occupation list for State nomination.
*Higher degree refers to Bachelor Honours Degree, Graduate Certificate or Graduate Diploma**PhD refers to a Doctor of Philosophy
You must meet the Department of Home Affairs' eligibility requirements for your intended visa subclass, being:
the Skilled Nominated visa (Subclass 190); or
the Skilled Regional (Provisional) visa (Subclass 489).
The Skilled Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 489) will be transitioning to the new Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491) from 16 November 2019. Further information regarding this change is now available on the Transitioning from visa subclass 489 to the new visa subclass 491 page.
You must demonstrate at least the minimum English language requirements in all four components in a single test applicable to your occupation and stream through an approved English test, listed below. If you have a passport from the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, the United States of America or Ireland, you are not required to sit an English exam to be eligible for Western Australian State nomination.
Some assessing authorities require an English test result as part of the skills assessment process.All applicants applying through the graduate stream, and applicants applying through the general stream who are nominating an ANZSCO Major Occupation Group 1 (Managers) or Group 2 (Professionals) occupation, must demonstrate a 'Proficient' level of English, in all four components in a single test, outlined in the following table.
Minimum score
All other occupations for the general stream must demonstrate the minimum English requirement in all four components in a single test, outlined in the following table.
Be able to claim and give evidence of work experience in your Expression of Interest. This requirement can be met through:
at least one year of Australian work experience in the nominated (or closely related) occupation** over the last 10 years; or
at least three years of overseas work experience in the nominated (or closely related) occupation over the last 10 years.
WA Migration Services will assess your work experience in line with the Department of Home Affairs requirement, which specifies work experience must be gained post-qualification and via paid employment. You must have worked at least 20 hours per week in the specified occupation. See the frequent questions about State nomination page for further information relating to work experience requirements.
If you are using the graduate stream and hold a Western Australian PhD or Masters Degree, the work experience requirement is waived for your Western Australian State nomination.
**WA Migration Services does not conduct work experience assessments and defers to the relevant assessing authority as to the suitability of work experience for points.
All applicants must have a contract of employment for full time employment for at least 12 months in Western Australia in the nominated (or closely related) occupation. If you are intending to apply for a Subclass 489 visa, the contract must be for employment located in a
regional area of Western Australia.
The copy of your signed employment contract from your employer must demonstrate a minimum of 12 months employment and must include:
full names of both the employer and the employee;
contract start date and end date (if permanent, only start date is required);
job description of the work to be performed by the employee;
the terms and conditions of employment (include the position's salary, hours of work, leave entitlements, superannuation, among other things) that are no less favourable than those that would apply to an Australian citizen or permanent resident doing equivalent work;
location of employment;
a statement that work specified in the employment contract must be performed by the employee and not contracted out to a third party;
a signed and dated employment contract by the employer and the employee and provided as one document; and
must be drafted by the employer and not by the employee.
Full time employment is defined as "on average at least 35 hours of work per week".You may provide two employment contracts which equal at least 35 hours of work per week.You can submit your contract of employment when you lodge your application for State nomination with WA Migration Services.
See the Frequent questions about State nomination page for further information relating to the employment contract requirements.
If you live outside of Western Australia, one of the conditions of State nomination is that you bring sufficient funds into the State to cover your settlement costs.
The minimum amount of funds required is:
for a single person – $20,000 (AUD);
for a couple – $30,000 (AUD); and
for every additional dependant – $5,000 (AUD).
You will be asked during the State nomination application process to show evidence of these funds through bank statements or asset valuations.
Your nominated occupation must be listed as available for the intended visa subclass on the Graduate occupation list and be eligible for your intended qualification type; being either:• PhD and Masters graduates; or• Bachelor and higher degree graduates.To be eligible to be invited to apply for Western Australian State nomination you must have gained your qualification in Western Australia at a Western Australian university.
You will be required to show proof of at least two academic years of full time study in Western Australia at a Western Australian university. You will need to provide your award certificate, along with transcripts clearly showing two years full time study in Western Australia. This will be requested as part of your State nomination application.
Full time study is determined by the applicant's educational institution.Please note the onus is on the applicant to sufficiently demonstrate evidence of full time study.
For the purposes of the graduate stream a Western Australian university is defined as:
being registered as an Australian university with the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA); and
having a campus located in Western Australia where enrolled students study bachelor or post graduate courses full time on campus through face to face delivery.
The onus is on the applicant to clearly demonstrate they completed a full time course that was delivered face to face on a Western Australian campus.
Applicants must ensure the address and postcode for the Western Australian university or campus they completed their study at is included in their Expression of Interest.
See the Frequent questions about State nomination page for further information relating to the Western Australian university requirement.
If the work experience requirement is applicable to your nominated occupation and qualification type, detailed work experience information is outlined above.
The work experience requirement is waived for applicants with a Western Australian Masters or PhD qualification applying for Western Australian State nomination. However, any work experience indicated in an Expression of Interest may still be considered during the invitation ranking process. Please review the selection process for further information about the ranking system.
See the Frequent questions about the State nomination page for further information relating to the work experience requirements.
All applicants applying through the graduate stream must demonstrate a minimum English level of proficiency as outlined in Table 2a and are required to provide evidence they have met all four components in a single English language test.
For more information see the
Criteria for State nomination or for information on the application process see the how to apply for State nomination page.


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text:
Guide companies in their
Internet of Things journey
IoT changes the game for business.
IoT, everyone talks about it and wants to do it but few actually take the plunge.
From wanting to, to really doing it
Why ? How?
Assess maturity and set goals
Look for value, uses cases and ROI
Technical Architecture
Quick and agile mock-up / pilot thanks to development based on our framework
Manage the change
Glazer or App Generator is a generation engine and automated deployment of apps (HTML5, Android and iOS) created within the European Future Internet Content project (Smart City) from 2014 to 2015 by eBusiness Information part of Excilys Group.
Glazer-IoT is a solution dedicated to the Internet of Thing born early 2016.
Glazer-IoT's goal is to minimize the "Death Valley" described by Osawa and Miyazaki or otherwise called "Trough of disillusionment" in the adoption curve of Gartner that initiates currently IoT technology.
By the provision of data in an IoT cloud, Glazer-IoT will enable you to create and deploy an application from your first ideas and this in a few days.
Afterwards, no link is maintained with Glazer-IoT.
Who are we ?
From 15 years
Experienced Consultant
M2M / IoT
Business Process
Passionate developer
Web / Digital
Excilys-IoT is part of Excilys group
Highlighting excellence and fair Service


text:
The proportions of these three tables (coffee, side and console) are iconic to say the least. Tops in clear or pure white glass float on perfectly geometric chrome steel bases. We're talking Museum of Modern art here. Not really. But it's the right thing to do.
- 8 mm thick tempered glass top
- Chromed steel base
W 17.7" / D 17.7" / H 19.1" / 17.64 lb.


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Document Type
- Postprint (13) (remove)
- English (13) (remove)
- climate-change (13) (remove)
Coupling physically based and data-driven models for assessing freshwater inflow into the Small Aral Sea (2018)
The Aral Sea desiccation and related changes in hydroclimatic conditions on a regional level is a hot topic for past decades. The key problem of scientific research projects devoted to an investigation of modern Aral Sea basin hydrological regime is its discontinuous nature – the only limited amount of papers takes into account the complex runoff formation system entirely. Addressing this challenge we have developed a continuous prediction system for assessing freshwater inflow into the Small Aral Sea based on coupling stack of hydrological and data-driven models. Results show a good prediction skill and approve the possibility to develop a valuable water assessment tool which utilizes the power of classical physically based and modern machine learning models both for territories with complex water management system and strong water-related data scarcity. The source code and data of the proposed system is available on a Github page (https://github.com/SMASHIproject/IWRM2018).
Permafrost warming has the potential to amplify global climate change, because when frozen sediments thaw it unlocks soil organic carbon. Yet to date, no globally consistent assessment of permafrost temperature change has been compiled. Here we use a global data set of permafrost temperature time series from the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost to evaluate temperature change across permafrost regions for the period since the International Polar Year (2007–2009). During the reference decade between 2007 and 2016, ground temperature near the depth of zero annual amplitude in the continuous permafrost zone increased by 0.39 ± 0.15 °C. Over the same period, discontinuous permafrost warmed by 0.20 ± 0.10 °C. Permafrost in mountains warmed by 0.19 ± 0.05 °C and in Antarctica by 0.37 ± 0.10 °C. Globally, permafrost temperature increased by 0.29 ± 0.12 °C. The observed trend follows the Arctic amplification of air temperature increase in the Northern Hemisphere. In the discontinuous zone, however, ground warming occurred due to increased snow thickness while air temperature remained statistically unchanged.
Ice-rich yedoma-dominated landscapes store con- siderable amounts of organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and are vulnerable to degradation under climate warming. We investigate the C and N pools in two thermokarst-affected yedoma landscapes – on Sobo-Sise Island and on Bykovsky Peninsula in the north of eastern Siberia. Soil cores up to 3 m depth were collected along geomorphic gradients and anal- ysed for organic C and N contents. A high vertical sampling density in the profiles allowed the calculation of C and N stocks for short soil column intervals and enhanced under- standing of within-core parameter variability. Profile-level C and N stocks were scaled to the landscape level based on landform classifications from 5 m resolution, multispectral RapidEye satellite imagery. Mean landscape C and N storage in the first metre of soil for Sobo-Sise Island is estimated to be 20.2 kg C m −2 and 1.8 kg N m −2 and for Bykovsky Penin- sula 25.9 kg C m −2 and 2.2 kg N m −2 . Radiocarbon dating demonstrates the Holocene age of thermokarst basin de- posits but also suggests the presence of thick Holocene- age cover layers which can reach up to 2 m on top of in- tact yedoma landforms. Reconstructed sedimentation rates of 0.10–0.57 mm yr −1 suggest sustained mineral soil accu- mulation across all investigated landforms. Both yedoma and thermokarst landforms are characterized by limited accumu- lation of organic soil layers (peat). We further estimate that an active layer deepening of about 100 cm will increase organic C availability in a sea- sonally thawed state in the two study areas by ∼ 5.8 Tg (13.2 kg C m −2 ). Our study demonstrates the importance of increasing the number of C and N storage inventories in ice- rich yedoma and thermokarst environments in order to ac- count for high variability of permafrost and thermokarst en- vironments in pan-permafrost soil C and N pool estimates.
Temperature is a key factor controlling plant growth and vitality in the temperate climates of the mid-latitudes like in vast parts of the European continent. Beyond the effect of average conditions, the timings and magnitudes of temperature extremes play a particularly crucial role, which needs to be better understood in the context of projected future rises in the frequency and/or intensity of such events. In this work, we employ event coincidence analysis (ECA) to quantify the likelihood of simultaneous occurrences of extremes in daytime land surface temperature anomalies (LSTAD) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We perform this analysis for entire Europe based upon remote sensing data, differentiating between three periods corresponding to different stages of plant development during the growing season. In addition, we analyze the typical elevation and land cover type of the regions showing significantly large event coincidences rates to identify the most severely affected vegetation types. Our results reveal distinct spatio-temporal impact patterns in terms of extraordinarily large co-occurrence rates between several combinations of temperature and NDVI extremes. Croplands are among the most frequently affected land cover types, while elevation is found to have only a minor effect on the spatial distribution of corresponding extreme weather impacts. These findings provide important insights into the vulnerability of European terrestrial ecosystems to extreme temperature events and demonstrate how event-based statistics like ECA can provide a valuable perspective on environmental nexuses.
The role that climate and environmental history may have played in influencing human evolution has been the focus of considerable interest and controversy among paleoanthropologists for decades. Prior attempts to understand the environmental history side of this equation have centered around the study of outcrop sediments and fossils adjacent to where fossil hominins (ancestors or close relatives of modern humans) are found, or from the study of deep sea drill cores. However, outcrop sediments are often highly weathered and thus are unsuitable for some types of paleoclimatic records, and deep sea core records come from long distances away from the actual fossil and stone tool remains. The Hominin Sites and Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP) was developed to address these issues. The project has focused its efforts on the eastern African Rift Valley, where much of the evidence for early hominins has been recovered. We have collected about 2 km of sediment drill core from six basins in Kenya and Ethiopia, in lake deposits immediately adjacent to important fossil hominin and archaeological sites. Collectively these cores cover in time many of the key transitions and critical intervals in human evolutionary history over the last 4 Ma, such as the earliest stone tools, the origin of our own genus Homo, and the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens. Here we document the initial field, physical property, and core description results of the 2012-2014 HSPDP coring campaign.
In contrast to recent advances in projecting sea levels, estimations about the economic impact of sea level rise are vague. Nonetheless, they are of great importance for policy making with regard to adaptation and greenhouse-gas mitigation. Since the damage is mainly caused by extreme events, we propose a stochastic framework to estimate the monetary losses from coastal floods in a confined region. For this purpose, we follow a Peak-over-Threshold approach employing a Poisson point process and the Generalised Pareto Distribution. By considering the effect of sea level rise as well as potential adaptation scenarios on the involved parameters, we are able to study the development of the annual damage. An application to the city of Copenhagen shows that a doubling of losses can be expected from a mean sea level increase of only 11 cm. In general, we find that for varying parameters the expected losses can be well approximated by one of three analytical expressions depending on the extreme value parameters. These findings reveal the complex interplay of the involved parameters and allow conclusions of fundamental relevance. For instance, we show that the damage typically increases faster than the sea level rise itself. This in turn can be of great importance for the assessment of sea level rise impacts on the global scale. Our results are accompanied by an assessment of uncertainty, which reflects the stochastic nature of extreme events. While the absolute value of uncertainty about the flood damage increases with rising mean sea levels, we find that it decreases in relation to the expected damage.
Even if greenhouse gas emissions were stopped today, sea level would continue to rise for centuries, with the long-term sea-level commitment of a 2 degrees C warmer world significantly exceeding 2 m. In view of the potential implications for coastal populations and ecosystems worldwide, we investigate, from an ice-dynamic perspective, the possibility of delaying sea-level rise by pumping ocean water onto the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet. We find that due to wave propagation ice is discharged much faster back into the ocean than would be expected from a pure advection with surface velocities. The delay time depends strongly on the distance from the coastline at which the additional mass is placed and less strongly on the rate of sea-level rise that is mitigated. A millennium-scale storage of at least 80% of the additional ice requires placing it at a distance of at least 700 km from the coastline. The pumping energy required to elevate the potential energy of ocean water to mitigate the currently observed 3 mmyr(-1) will exceed 7% of the current global primary energy supply. At the same time, the approach offers a comprehensive protection for entire coastlines particularly including regions that cannot be protected by dikes.
In recent decades, the Greenland Ice Sheet has been losing mass and has thereby contributed to global sea-level rise. The rate of ice loss is highly relevant for coastal protection worldwide. The ice loss is likely to increase under future warming. Beyond a critical temperature threshold, a meltdown of the Greenland Ice Sheet is induced by the self-enforcing feedback between its lowering surface elevation and its increasing surface mass loss: the more ice that is lost, the lower the ice surface and the warmer the surface air temperature, which fosters further melting and ice loss. The computation of this rate so far relies on complex numerical models which are the appropriate tools for capturing the complexity of the problem. By contrast we aim here at gaining a conceptual understanding by deriving a purposefully simple equation for the self-enforcing feedback which is then used to estimate the melt time for different levels of warming using three observable characteristics of the ice sheet itself and its surroundings. The analysis is purely conceptual in nature. It is missing important processes like ice dynamics for it to be useful for applications to sea-level rise on centennial timescales, but if the volume loss is dominated by the feedback, the resulting logarithmic equation unifies existing numerical simulations and shows that the melt time depends strongly on the level of warming with a critical slow-down near the threshold: the median time to lose 10% of the present-day ice volume varies between about 3500 years for a temperature level of 0.5 degrees C above the threshold and 500 years for 5 degrees C. Unless future observations show a significantly higher melting sensitivity than currently observed, a complete meltdown is unlikely within the next 2000 years without significant ice-dynamical contributions.
The organic-carbon (OC) pool accumulated in Arctic permafrost (perennially frozen ground) equals the carbon stored in the modern atmosphere. To give an idea of how Yedoma region permafrost could respond under future climatic warming, we conducted a study to quantify the organic-matter quality (here defined as the intrinsic potential to be further transformed, decomposed, and mineralized) of late Pleistocene (Yedoma) and Holocene (thermokarst) deposits on the Buor-Khaya Peninsula, northeast Siberia. The objective of this study was to develop a stratigraphic classified organic-matter quality characterization. For this purpose the degree of organic-matter decomposition was estimated by using a multiproxy approach. We applied sedimentological (grain-size analyses, bulk density, ice content) and geochemical parameters (total OC, stable carbon isotopes (delta C-13),total organic carbon : nitrogen (C / N) ratios) as well as lipid biomarkers (n-alkanes, n-fatty acids, hopanes, triterpenoids, and biomarker indices, i.e., average chain length, carbon preference index (CPI), and higher-plant fatty-acid index (HPFA)). Our results show that the Yedoma and thermokarst organic-matter qualities for further decomposition exhibit no obvious degradation-depth trend. Relatively, the C / N and delta C-13 values and the HPFA index show a significantly better preservation of the organic matter stored in thermokarst deposits compared to Yedoma deposits. The CPI data suggest less degradation of the organic matter from both deposits, with a higher value for Yedoma organic matter. As the interquartile ranges of the proxies mostly over-lap, we interpret this as indicating comparable quality for further decomposition for both kinds of deposits with likely better thermokarst organic-matter quality. Supported by principal component analyses, the sediment parameters and quality proxies of Yedoma and thermokarst deposits could not be unambiguously separated from each other. This revealed that the organic-matter vulnerability is heterogeneous and depends on different decomposition trajectories and the previous decomposition and preservation history. Elucidating this was one of the major new contributions of our multiproxy study. With the addition of biomarker data, it was possible to show that permafrost organic-matter degradation likely occurs via a combination of (uncompleted) degradation cycles or a cascade of degradation steps rather than as a linear function of age or sediment facies. We conclude that the amount of organic matter in the studied sediments is high for mineral soils and of good quality and therefore susceptible to future decomposition. The lack of depth trends shows that permafrost acts like a giant freezer, preserving the constant quality of ancient organic matter. When undecomposed Yedoma organic matter is mobilized via thermokarst processes, the fate of this carbon depends largely on the environmental conditions; the carbon could be preserved in an undecomposed state till refreezing occurs. If modern input has occurred, thermokarst organic matter could be of a better quality for future microbial decomposition than that found in Yedoma deposits.
The Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P) provides the first dynamic database associated with the Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) and the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) programs, which extensively collect permafrost temperature and active layer thickness (ALT) data from Arctic, Antarctic and mountain permafrost regions. The purpose of GTN-P is to establish an early warning system for the consequences of climate change in permafrost regions and to provide standardized thermal permafrost data to global models. In this paper we introduce the GTN-P database and perform statistical analysis of the GTN-P metadata to identify and quantify the spatial gaps in the site distribution in relation to climate-effective environmental parameters. We describe the concept and structure of the data management system in regard to user operability, data transfer and data policy. We outline data sources and data processing including quality control strategies based on national correspondents. Assessment of the metadata and data quality reveals 63% metadata completeness at active layer sites and 50% metadata completeness for boreholes. Voronoi tessellation analysis on the spatial sample distribution of boreholes and active layer measurement sites quantifies the distribution inhomogeneity and provides a potential method to locate additional permafrost research sites by improving the representativeness of thermal monitoring across areas underlain by permafrost. The depth distribution of the boreholes reveals that 73% are shallower than 25m and 27% are deeper, reaching a maximum of 1 km depth. Comparison of the GTN-P site distribution with permafrost zones, soil organic carbon contents and vegetation types exhibits different local to regional monitoring situations, which are illustrated with maps. Preferential slope orientation at the sites most likely causes a bias in the temperature monitoring and should be taken into account when using the data for global models. The distribution of GTN-P sites within zones of projected temperature change show a high representation of areas with smaller expected temperature rise but a lower number of sites within Arctic areas where climate models project extreme temperature increase.
Impact of temperature and precipitation extremes on the flowering dates of four German wildlife shrub species (2016)
Ongoing climate change is known to cause an increase in the frequency and amplitude of local temperature and precipitation extremes in many regions of the Earth. While gradual changes in the climatological conditions have already been shown to strongly influence plant flowering dates, the question arises if and how extremes specifically impact the timing of this important phenological phase. Studying this question calls for the application of statistical methods that are tailored to the specific properties of event time series. Here, we employ event coincidence analysis, a novel statistical tool that allows assessing whether or not two types of events exhibit similar sequences of occurrences in order to systematically quantify simultaneities between meteorological extremes and the timing of the flowering of four shrub species across Germany. Our study confirms previous findings of experimental studies by highlighting the impact of early spring temperatures on the flowering of the investigated plants. However, previous studies solely based on correlation analysis do not allow deriving explicit estimates of the strength of such interdependencies without further assumptions, a gap that is closed by our analysis. In addition to direct impacts of extremely warm and cold spring temperatures, our analysis reveals statistically significant indications of an influence of temperature extremes in the autumn preceding the flowering.
Thermal permafrost degradation and coastal erosion in the Arctic remobilize substantial amounts of organic carbon (OC) and nutrients which have accumulated in late Pleistocene and Holocene unconsolidated deposits. Permafrost vulnerability to thaw subsidence, collapsing coastlines and irreversible landscape change are largely due to the presence of large amounts of massive ground ice such as ice wedges. However, ground ice has not, until now, been considered to be a source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and other elements which are important for ecosystems and carbon cycling. Here we show, using biogeochemical data from a large number of different ice bodies throughout the Arctic, that ice wedges have the greatest potential for DOC storage, with a maximum of 28.6 mg L-1 (mean: 9.6 mg L-1). Variation in DOC concentration is positively correlated with and explained by the concentrations and relative amounts of typically terrestrial cations such as Mg2+ and K+. DOC sequestration into ground ice was more effective during the late Pleistocene than during the Holocene, which can be explained by rapid sediment and OC accumulation, the prevalence of more easily degradable vegetation and immediate incorporation into permafrost. We assume that pristine snowmelt is able to leach considerable amounts of well-preserved and highly bioavailable DOC as well as other elements from surface sediments, which are rapidly frozen and stored in ground ice, especially in ice wedges, even before further degradation. We found that ice wedges in the Yedoma region represent a significant DOC (45.2 Tg) and DIC (33.6 Tg) pool in permafrost areas and a freshwater reservoir of 4200 km(2). This study underlines the need to discriminate between particulate OC and DOC to assess the availability and vulnerability of the permafrost car-bon pool for ecosystems and climate feedback upon mobilization.
Closing yield gaps (2015)
Global food production needs to be increased by 60-110% between 2005 and 2050 to meet growing food and feed demand. Intensification and/or expansion of agriculture are the two main options available to meet the growing crop demands. Land conversion to expand cultivated land increases GHG emissions and impacts biodiversity and ecosystem services. Closing yield gaps to attain potential yields may be a viable option to increase the global crop production. Traditional methods of agricultural intensification often have negative externalities. Therefore, there is a need to explore location-specific methods of sustainable agricultural intensification. We identified regions where the achievement of potential crop calorie production on currently cultivated land will meet the present and future food demand based on scenario analyses considering population growth and changes in dietary habits. By closing yield gaps in the current irrigated and rain-fed cultivated land, about 24% and 80% more crop calories can respectively be produced compared to 2000. Most countries will reach food self-sufficiency or improve their current food self-sufficiency levels if potential crop production levels are achieved. As a novel approach, we defined specific input and agricultural management strategies required to achieve the potential production by overcoming biophysical and socioeconomic constraints causing yield gaps. The management strategies include: fertilizers, pesticides, advanced soil management, land improvement, management strategies coping with weather induced yield variability, and improving market accessibility. Finally, we estimated the required fertilizers (N, P2O5, and K2O) to attain the potential yields. Globally, N-fertilizer application needs to increase by 45-73%, P2O5-fertilizer by 22-46%, and K2O-fertilizer by 2-3 times compared to the year 2010 to attain potential crop production. The sustainability of such agricultural intensification largely depends on the way management strategies for closing yield gaps are chosen and implemented.


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*Cake does need to chill at least 6 hours before serving. Plan ahead and/or make the day before.
1 boxed chocolate cake mix AND the ingredients listed on the box
2 lbs (30-32 ounces) ricotta cheese
4 eggs
3/4 cup sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
1 (5.1 ounce) package instant chocolate pudding mix
1 cup cold milk
8 ounces Cool Whip
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Lightly butter a 9×13 inch pan and set aside.
In a large bowl, prepare your cake mix batter according to the directions on the box. Set aside.
In the bowl of a stand mixer, beat together the ricotta cheese, eggs, sugar, and vanilla until smooth (couple minutes).
Pour the cake batter into the prepared baking pan and use an off-set spatula to spread evenly in the pan. Next, carefully pour the ricotta mixture evenly over the top of the cake batter. Gently spread the ricotta mixture so it evenly covers the cake batter. (The cheese will start to sink into the cake batter and that will continue while baking. You'll end up with a very thin layer of cake on the bottom, ricotta cheese layer and thicker cake layer.)
Bake for 60 minutes or until cake is set. Let cake cool completely before frosting.
Once the cake is cool, whisk together the pudding mix and milk until combined. Gently fold the Cool Whip into the pudding until combined. Spread the pudding mixture over the top of the cooled cake.
Cover the cake and refrigerate at least 6 hours, or overnight, before serving. Best served cold.
Source: Laura, via Cheri's Recipes
Thanks for printing my recipe!
~ Chelsea, Whatcha Makin' Now?
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Organic BC Khorasan Campanelle
Regular price
Khorasan is a pure, non hybridized ancient grain whose lineage dates back over 4,000 years. It is the ancestor of modern Durum wheat and derives it's name from the historic province of Khorasan (Middle East). Our Khorasan Campanelle is made using organic stone ground BC grown Khorasan.
Ingredients: Organic stone ground BC Khorasan semolina, water. Contains: wheat (Khorasan). May contain traces of egg, milk, seafood & tree nuts.