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Asus VG278H is just the second 27-inch 3D Vision-ready monitor that is going to be available on the market this month around the world, it is a model that we've been waiting for quite some time now and it is finally here. The previous 27-inch model compatible with Nvidia's 3D Vision technology was released earlier this year and it was Acer HN274H that I've also reviewed and liked a lot. So the Asus was not only a bit late, but also already has a good performing competitor on the market that it needs to beat in order to take the position of the best 3D Vision monitor on the market so far. But the Asus VG278H is up to a good start, it comes with integrated IR emitter and bundled with the new 3D Vision 2 glasses as well as with support for the new Nvidia 3D Lightboost technology that is promising a brighter image in stereo 3D mode. It also has HDMI 1.4a interface with support for stereoscopic 3D input with various other S3D-capable devices, but only frame packaged input. It seems that the company has also learned from some of their previous mistakes with the first 3D Vision-ready monitor they've had, the VG236H and the new 27-inch model is not with a glossy screen. So I started testing the monitor with very high expectations and it has managed to respond very well to most of them, but there were a few things that I was a bit disappointed with. Generally speaking however I really liked the performance and features that the 27-inch Asus VG278H 3D Vision-ready LCD monitor has, but let me get into more details starting with the official specifications…
Asus VG278H Monitor Specifications:
Panel Size: 27″ (69 cm) Wide Screen 16:9, TN, LED backlight
Native Resolution: 1920×1080 pixels
Pixel Pitch: 0.311 mm
Brightness (Max.): 300 cd/m2
Contrast Ratio (Max.): 50,000,000:1 (dynamic)
Viewing Angles (CR>=10): 170° H / 160° V
Response Time: 2 ms (GtG)
Video Inputs: Dual-link DVI-D, VGA, HDMI 1.4a
Power Consumption: 65W On, <1W Sleep, <1W Off/Standby Integrated Audio: 2x 3W stereo speakers Monitor stand: tilt +15°~-5°, swivel and height adjustment Dimension (WxHxD): 643 x 460 x 220 mm Weight: 8 kg.
One thing that I found interesting in the new Asus VG278H monitor is the fact that the infrared emitter for the 3D glasses, located at the top of the display is placed in an adjustable "box" that you can rotate in order to better fit to your specific style of use of the monitor. And together with the highly adjustable stand of the monitor you get more flexibility when setting up the display (higher/lower positioning or near/far usage scenarios). I also want to focus your attention on the fact that the manufacturer specifications of the display state 300 candelas per square meter maximum brightness, similar to the specs of the 27-inch Acer 3D monitor, but when measuring the actual brightness I get readings for much higher brightness levels… and the 3D Lightboost technology is not responsible for this, but I'll get back to the brightness level a bit later on. Another thing that caught my attention in the standard specifications of the Asus VG278H is the relatively high power consumption the monitor has and that made me measure the actual power consumption. It was like that: around 45W with 60Hz refresh and around 50W with 120Hz refresh rate in 2D mode, and switching to 3D mode between 30W and 40W, depending on the setting of the Lightboost technology (Off – MAX). It is interesting to see how the Lightboost technology affects the power consumption and what are the brightness levels per eye and with different settings for the Lightboost, but that is something that needs further investigation and I'll post about at a later time.
The OSD menu of the monitor has the option to control the level of the Lightboost technology as well as to completely disable it which is a good thing to have in order for me to test and compare different settings. Visually the difference between the setting with Lightboost to off and to the maximum does not seem that big, you can certainly notice that there is difference in darker areas of the image as they seem brighter, but it is hard to tell if the image is actually twice as bright or less than that. I'll focus on measuring that in a separate post as I've already mentioned, so stay tuned, the important thing is that you really get brighter image in stereo 3D mode thanks to the Lightboost technology and it really looks better than on older 3D Vision-ready displays, especially in games with darker environment. When using the 3D Lightboost technology you can say that the experience you get in 3D and the level of brightness now seems to be almost like what you get with a good 3D HDTV, something that was really needed as an improvement for 3D Vision.
Now, moving on to the color accuracy and brightness of the display. Here I've got interesting results, measuring the default color accuracy that the display offers as well as the level of brightness and these results kind of reminded me of something. The level of brightness is 427 cd/m2 which is way over the 300 cd/m2 advertised by Asus and by pushing the monitor to the maximum I was able to get 450 cd/m2 as a maximum brightness level. And considering that the level of brightness is quite high, you can even visually notice that as image on the monitor looks really bright even with the naked eye, it is expected to also not have very accurate color reproduction, although only the gamma level was a bit off as yo can see.
After doing a calibration of the monitor, and getting some of the brightness reduced, the color accuracy becomes very good with a brightness level a bit below the 300 cd/m2. Now, what I see in images for both before and after the calibration are results that seem very similar to these from Acer HN274H monitor, although the brightness levles are a bit lower. This has made me start thinking that it is not impossible that the two monitors are based on the same 27-inch LCD panels from LG, although the Asus monitor comes with support for 3D Lightboost technology… or at least that LG may have further developed the same LCD panel by adding support for the Nvidia tech to it. Unfortunately as I could not get to the service menu of the monitor I'll have to open the monitor to be able to confirm this suspicion and this is something I cannot do at the moment.
One thing that is different here however, when comparing the Asus monitor to the Acer is the level of input lag I was able to measure. One thing that I've noticed immediately after getting the Asus VG278H monitor for testing is the good responsiveness I've got from it, although I'm not overly sensitive to input lag. After measuring it I can confirm that the Asus is better than the Acer in that aspect, although the VG278H is not totally lag free, the input lag at the default factory settings is very low… something very close to 0 milliseconds and less than 5 ms for sure. So even if you do not plan to use this monitor for gaming in stereo 3D mode (although you get it ready for that with 3D Vision glasses and IR emitter bundled), but instead plan to use it as a 120Hz gaming display in 2D mode (non-stereoscopic 3D), then you should be quite satisfied with the very low level of input lag that you will be getting.
Here is how the backlight uniformity of the display looks like, no serious backlight bleeding, apart from the slightly brighter top and bottom of the display (the blue color). There is some slight variation that is more easily noticeable if you look at the display at a high angle, but normally when you look directly at it you can hardly see anything non-uniform apart from the slightly brighter top and bottom pars of the display. Of course the the backlight uniformity can vary from unit to unit, but generally you should not be expecting to get serious issues with backlight bleeding on this monitor.
Now I'm going to start with the usual tests for crosstalk/ghosting as this is still one of the most serious issues that the makers of 3D displays need to deal up with in order to be able to deliver the best user experience in stereo 3D mode. I'm using a set of specially selected tests to get idea about the performance you should expect as well as to compare to other products that I've already tested. All of the following tests are performed with the standard factory settings of the display, so be aware that there is a possibility to get better results and performance if you tweak the monitor a bit in the OSD menu. So now moving to the extreme crosstalk test photos, as expected some crosstalk is still visible with both the white and black. Again very similar results to the 27-inch Acer monitor, although the brightness here is higher and the crosstalk is slightly lower, so there is some improvement, but I expected to see more. Especially after seeing some presentations about the new 3D Vision and 3D Ligthboost technology that were talking about "ghost-free" images. But lets us move on to the more actual usage scenarios to compare the levels of crosstalk/ghosting as these specially made test photos are showing ghosting even on good 3D HDTVs.
Next is the sailboats stereoscopic 3D test video, a real world crosstalk test to show the level of crosstalk/ghosting you can expect from a 3D video. Slightly visible crosstalk if you pay enough attention to it, if not you may not notice it at all.
Going to the game Tomb Raider: Underworld for one more crosstalk check in a real world game, there still some faint ghosting present at the top of the screen and there is also some color ghosting at the bottom. Again very similar to what could be seen with the Acer HN274H 3D monitor. A very important thing here is that all of the above crosstalk/ghosting tests were made at the factory default settings for the monitor, so it is what you get when you open up the monitor and start using it. But you should be well aware that with some tweaking of the default settings you can get even better results without having to compromise much of anything.
So can you do something about reducing the crosstalk and make things better? Yes, you actually can do something and that is to reduce the contrast of the monitor a bit from the default setting of 76 in stereo 3D mode to about 55. Thanks to the significantly increased brightness due to the 3D Lightboost technology you can sacrifice some of the brightness levels in order to get rid of most of the annoying crosstalk, although not to have it completely gone, while still getting quite bright image. Actually I'm wondering why didn't Asus decide to do this as a factory default as it really works well and leaves only hardly visible traces of crosstalk that won't bother you like for example the color ghosting that is easily visible with the default setting and is really annoying.
But what is the conclusion in terms of the crosstalk/ghosting with the new Asus HN278H 3D Vision-ready monitor? Personally I've expected more from it right out from the box and what we get is just slightly reduced ghosting level with the factory settings as compared to the Acer that was released a few months ago. However, as I've already explained you can get even better results with manually tweaking the settings. The Asus VG278H is definitely a move in the right direction, but we need the crosstalk/ghosting reduced more in order to get better stereoscopic 3D experience and apparently Asus has decided to focus more on the higher brightness level than on reduced ghosting and they could've done a better balance with the out of the box settings, fortunately you are free to do it yourself. Another thing that I have kind of expected is some improvement in the non-PC 3D support, the new Asus monitor also works only with HDMI 1.4 frame packaging, just like all other 3D monitors with HDMI 1.4, but there is still no support for Side by Side and Over/Under input modes and this limits the usability of the monitor with other 3D-capable devices. With that said I can say that I'm actually very happy with the monitor, even though you need to play a bit with the settings to really get the best results in terms of crosstalk reduction, the brightness increase in stereo 3D mode is really good. The improvement of the brightness level in stereoscopic 3D mode was the other thing that was really needed and we got it and it is working well in order to improve the user experience. And all this when combined with the new 3D Vision 2 active shutter glasses that come with bigger lenses, block better the external light and come with a more comfortable design is another good improvement. Adding the very low input lag of the Asus monitor things are looking good not only for stereo 3D gamers, but for people willing to use the high refresh rate more and not for gaming in stereo 3D mode. So if you are looking for a new 27-inch 3D gaming display then the Asus VG278H should be your primary candidate, and if 27-inch is too big for you, then you should wait a bit more for the smaller 24-inch monitors with 3D Lightboost support (as a must have feature) to start coming out on the market very soon. And you can expect some more interesting things from me about the Asus VG278H monitor in the next few days as there is a lot of extra testing and comparison going on…
– The Asus VG278H 3D monitor is available for with a price of $599.99 at Amazon…
– The Asus VG278H 3D Vision-ready LCD Monitor is available at Newegg for $599.99 USD…


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Here are the top blogs of 2015, read by you!
Thank you for continuing to follow our blog. As always, if you have
questions or comments, please feel free to send them our way!
We wish you a safe and happy 2016.
From The Pond Guy®
Top 5 Blog Posts in Pond & Lake
|Q: Tadpole Identification
|Q: Can Crayfish Live in Your Pond
|Q: Keep Herons from Eating Your Fish
|Q: Applying MuckAway™ to Your Pond
Top 5 Blog Posts in Decorative Ponds & Water Gardens
Filed under: Pond & Lake, Water Gardens & Features | Tagged: algae, blue heron, bottom muck, Crayfish, female koi, find a leak, fish capacity, fix leak in pond, fix pond leak, great blue heron, Heron, how many fish can i have, how to get rid of bottom muck, male, male koi, Muck Away, pond leak, pond salt, sick fish, Snapping Turtles, tadpole, tadpoles, top blog posts, treating sick fish, turtles, UV Clarifier, UV Filter, UV Filtration | Leave a comment »

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Thursday, December 23, 2010
Treasure Chest Thursday - Precious Gift
I received this beautiful piece of artwork in the mail a couple of days ago from my 3 year old grandson. This is the first artwork ever from one of my grandchildren so it will probably end up in a frame.
You should have seen me when I opened the envelope and unfolded it. I was a blubbery mess. I certainly hope I get more of these.
Posted by Leslie Ann at 10:57 PM
Labels: Treasure chest Thursday
3 comments:
I can imagine that I will be the same way. :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousDecember 30, 2010 at 3:47 PM
I don't have any kids, but my fridge is covered in paintings by my nephews (blubbery but happy mess for me too) - I can hardly bear to chuck out the old yellowed ones to make room for the new ones, but they keep coming :-)ReplyDelete
Aww! Our grands can sure tug the heartstrings! We should have had them first!ReplyDelete
Sorry about the deleted comment, I put it in the wrong place!
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Henley Official Site | Draw (PDF)
HENLEY-ON-THAMES, England—The Harvard heavyweight and lightweight crews conclude their championship seasons with a trip across the Atlantic to the prestigious Henley Royal Regatta.
Each of Harvard's five boats that won major championships at EARC Sprints will be represented, as the Crimson sends four entries to Henley for just the second time and first since 2002. Racing will take place Wednesday through Sunday on the Thames River.
The Crimson heavyweight varsity eight seeks to repeat as Ladies' Challenge Plate champion and collect its third Ladies' Plate in as many visits to Henley. The freshman eight, meanwhile, will again compete in the Temple Challenge Cup, while Harvard's two Prince Albert Challenge Cup fours are made up of athletes from the heavyweight second varsity and lightweight varsity eights.
Racing at Henley occurs in head-to-head, bracket-style competition. A crew must win its first-round matchup to advance to the next round and so on. The regatta begins Wednesday. The Harvard freshmen will be the first to compete, facing the University of West England at 10:35 a.m. local time (5:35 a.m. Eastern). The Crimson heavyweight and lightweight fours are pitted against each other in the first round of the Prince Albert Cup at 3:20.
The schedules for subsequent days' racing will be released later. The heavyweight varsity eight starts its bid for the Ladies' Plate Friday by facing another United States-based crew, the Penn Athletic Club Rowing Association.
Follow From Home
Up-to-the minute results for Henley racing will be available via the event's official results page. Fans can also follow along via the Henley Twitter feed and at the Henley Facebook page. Updated schedules and other information are available from the Henley Royal Regatta official site.
Scouting the Crimson
Seldom has even Harvard seen as much success the Crimson oarsmen have achieved so far in 2011. The Harvard heavyweights and lightweights combined to win five of the six major races at Eastern Sprints, and those five Eastern-champion boats posted a combined 38-0 dual record. The Crimson went on to medal in five events at the Intercollegiate Rowing Association National Championships, where the heavyweight and lightweight varsities each earned second-place national finishes.
Last Season
The Crimson edged a combined crew from Oxford Brookes University and Oxford University by one-third of a length in the final of last year's Ladies' Challenge Plate competition. Harvard led through much of the race and held on in a winning time of 6:50. It was the third win in as many days for the Crimson varsity, which defeated Leander Boat Club B by 3.25 lengths in the semifinals after opening with a 2.5-length win against National University of Ireland, Galway.
Harvard's freshmen also won on three straight days before losing to Washington by 1.5 lengths in the Temple Cup semifinals. The Crimson previously defeated Southern California, Exeter University and Durham University, in that order. The Harvard four beat Isis Boat Club from Oxford University and Georgetown, but lost in the semifinals by the slim margin of two-thirds of a length to University College, Dublin.
Harvard's Henley History
Harvard crews have traveled to the Henley Royal Regatta many times and returned home with impressive victories, starting with the legendary 1914 junior varsity, which became the first American crew to win the coveted Grand Challenge Cup.
In 1972, Harvard achieved another first, entering the first college freshman crew to win the Thames Cup. One year later, the Crimson's junior varsity crew was its first to win the Ladies' Challenge Plate. In 1985, the Crimson won Henley's Grand Challenge Cup, its fifth and most recent title in Henley's most prestigious race. (Harvard also won Grand titles in 1939, '51 and '55.) In 1990, Harvard returned and captured the Ladies' Challenge Plate. The varsity four with coxswain set a course record while winning the 1993 Britannia Cup. Harvard then won the Ladies' Plate for an unprecedented fourth time in 1998.
Harvard's success at Henley has continued into the 21st century. In 2001, its freshmen won the Temple Cup, while in 2002 Harvard won an amazing three titles with championships in the Ladies' Challenge Plate (varsity), Britannia Cup (four) and Temple Cup (freshmen). The Crimson has increased its total of Ladies' Plates to seven with wins in its last two Henley visits, in 2007 and '10.
Ladies' Challenge Plate
Harvard is among seven entries in the Ladies' Challenge Plate, which is the top competition for university and club eights below the open Grand Challenge Cup. The winning crew in the Crimson's first race will take on one of two crews from the Leander Club. Also competing will be The English Rowing Club (from Russia) and two combined crews, one from Germany and another from England.
Ladies' Challenge Plate History
Harvard is competing for the Ladies' Plate for the sixth time in 10 years. The Crimson has entered the event 10 times previously, capturing the plate in 1973, '83, '90, '98, 2002, '07 and last season. Harvard placed second in the event in 1989 and 2004.
In 1845, a new challenge prize was offered for eight-oared crews, which, in the following year, was named the Ladies' Challenge Plate. Up to the 1966 regatta, entries for this event were restricted to boat clubs from colleges, schools and certain other academic institutions within the United Kingdom together with Trinity College, Dublin. The rules were then widened to permit entries from any college, school or academic institution throughout the world.
In 1985, rules changes removed the 'student' requirement for the Ladies' Plate, which became an event open to crews from any club and is now the second-most senior event for men's eights at the regatta.
Temple Challenge Cup
The Crimson is one of 32 crews competing in the Temple Cup, along with other U.S. collegiate entries from Yale, Virginia and IRA freshman-champion California and teams from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Ireland. A win against West England would mean a matchup with the winner between Reading University and Durham University B. Five straight wins will be required to hoist the Temple Cup.
Harvard has raced in this event seven times since 1999, winning consecutive trophies in 2001 and '02. The Crimson has reached the semifinals in each of its last two tries for the Temple Cup.
Prince Albert Challenge Cup
Harvard has two of 16 coxed fours entered in this event, which features competitors from the United Kingdom and Ireland in addition to U.S. colleges Harvard and Virginia. Four wins are necessary to capture the trophy, and a Crimson win would advance Harvard to face the winner of Manchester University and Bath University B.
About Henley
The Henley Royal Regatta was established in Henley-on-Thames, England, on March 26, 1839 and has been held annually ever since except during the two World Wars. The Grand Challenge Cup has always been open, except in the Olympic Games year of 1908, to all established amateur clubs.
The regatta has its own rules and is not subject to the jurisdiction of the governing body of rowing in England (the Amateur Rowing Association) or the International Rowing Federation (FISA), but is officially recognized by both.
There are 19 events in total: six classes of race for eights, five for fours (three coxless and two coxed), four for quadruple sculls, and races for coxless pairs and double sculls. In addition, there are single sculling races for both men and women. There are 486 entered crews competing in 2011, including 119 overseas crews with 48 American boats among them.
The length of the course is slightly longer than the standard international distance of 2,000 meters and takes approximately seven minutes to cover. The number of races is reduced on each successive day, leaving only the finals to be rowed on the last day.


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Patton Oswalt's Star Wars Episode VII filibuster animated
I think we can all agree the outtake in which guest star Patton Oswalt filibusters a meeting with his vision for Star Wars Episode VII is arguably brilliant things to come from this season of Parks and Recreation.
(For the uninitiated: In a completely improvised scene, Oswalt uses his Jedi mastery to successfully marry the Star Wars and Marvel universes into a somewhat-plausible scenario in which Thanos and the Infinity Gauntlet screw with everyone. There are appearances by the Avengers, Greek gods and the X-Men, as well as the terrifying creation of a spider Wookiee. Yes, a spider Wookiee. This level of nerd prowess is why Oswalt is permanently part of my posse of spirit animals.)
And because the Internet is wonderful, wonderful place, Oswalt's diatribe has been brought to life, animated by enterprising Aussie YouTube user, Izac Less.
Original take from Parks and Recreation:
Related: if you you're not familiar with "At midnight I will kill George Lucas with a shovel" from Oswalt's 2007 Werewolves and Lollipops, do yourself a favor and listen. (FYI: NSFW language)
Now, to come up with the appropriate Star Wars/Marvel mash-up cosplay for Denver Comic Con. Suggestions welcome in the comments section.


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Shift Knob 2-1/8" Rally II With Shift Pattern And GT Logos 5-Speed GT 2005-2010
Rally II 2-1/8" Shift Knob with a 5-Speed Shift Pattern and GT Logos for all 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 GT Mustangs with a Manual Transmission.
When the dull, stock shift knob in your 2005-2010 GT Mustang just isn't cutting it anymore, you can pick up the new rally II 2-1/8" manual shift knob featuring a 5-speed shift pattern and GT logos from CJ Pony Parts!
Features and Benefits:
- Available in a Wide Variety of Color Options
- Inlaid Rally II Style Stripes
- Correct 5-Speed Shift Pattern (Reverse On Bottom Right)
- GT Logo Etched On Each Side of Shift Knob
- Manufactured Using Premium Partek Resins
- Engineered for Strength and Durability
- 2-1/8" Diameter and 12mm x 1.25 Thread Pattern
- Made in the USA
What are rally II style stripes? Rally II stripes consist of three separate stripes; two small outer stripes surrounding a wide inner stripe. For this specific shift knob, the rally II stripes run vertically around the knob with a break at the top for the 5-speed shift pattern. The GT logos are located on the driver and passenger side of the shift knob once properly aligned.
These American-made manual shift knobs are manufactured using the same high-quality partek resins found in world class billiard balls, and are engineered for long-term strength and durability. Choose from a variety of stripe and color combinations that suit your individual taste. Color options are listed by knob color, then stripe color. The shift pattern and GT logos are the same color as the stripes and are inlaid, polished smooth to the touch.
This custom shift knob features a 2-1/8" diameter and the correct 12mm x 1.25 thread pattern for your 2005-2010 GT Mustang with a manual transmission.
*All knobs are custom made to order and take 3-4 weeks to ship from CJ Pony Parts.
Please Note: This manual shift knob does not include a jam nut. However, a jam nut or threaded shift boot retainer is required to make sure the shift knob is properly aligned when tightened on the shift handle. A shift boot retainer is recommended instead of a jam nut as it will prevent a gap between the new shift knob and the factory boot. Without a jam nut or shift boot retainer you run the risk of splitting the shift knob in half if you over tighten knob when it bottoms out on the shift handle.
Order a Rally II 2-1/8" Shift Knob with a 5-Speed Shift Pattern and GT Logos for your 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 or 2010 GT Mustang with a Manual Transmission from CJ Pony Parts today!


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The Northwest Passage
* Subject to availability.
- Crossing the legendary Northwest Passage, in the wake of Explorers.
- Shore visits in Zodiac® inflatables with your naturalist guides.
- Landscape: wide expanses of ice floe, myriad of jagged islands, blue glaciers, mountain ranges, tundra, steeped cliffs.
- Wildlife: arctic foxes, seabird colonies, bowhead whales, orcas and opportunities to see polar bears.
- Visit traditional villages and encounter the local people.
- From Disko Bay: Helicopter flight over a glacier (optional).
Flight Paris / Kangerlussuaq + transfers + flight Nome / Seattle
Roundtrip flight included
- Staterooms & Suites
- Port of call & excursions
- Formalities
- Theme
- Cruise Package
- Important information
- Pre/Post & Overlands
Staterooms & Suites
There are no staterooms available for booking. Please contact our cruise advisors.
In May 2011, l'Austral joined PONANT's fleet. This superb mega-yacht with 132 staterooms is the result of the expertise of the Italian Fincantieri shipyard and French sophistication, as interpreted by designer Jean-Philippe Nuel. L'Austral remains faithful to our philosophy - to create a unique atmosphere, a subtle blend of luxury, intimacy and well-being.
A sleek silhouette softened by elegantly smooth contours and large, arched windows opening up to the sea and the light: so many features come together to give L'Austral her distinctive shape. Precious materials, discreet elegance and a perfect balance between chic and casual, combine to make you feel as if you are on your own private yacht. A design blending tradition and innovation, where a nautical mood has been subtly recreated. A welcoming atmosphere of relaxed sophistication revolves around shades of grey, taupe, white and ivory enlivened by touches of cinnamon, caramel and tan.. So many personal touches create the spirit of a "private yacht."
You will encounter unique itineraries, calls inaccessible to large ships, chic and elegant yacht-like ambiance, refined and personalized service as well as gastronomic cuisine.
Port of call & excursions
KangerlussuaqEmbarkation 24/08/2019 from 17H00 to 18H00 . Departure 24/08/2019 at 22H30 .
From 1941 to 1992, the town of Kangerlussuaq in Greenland was home to an American military base. Nowadays, thanks to its international airport, it has become a transit point for travellers seeking adventure in the Far North. Located to the north of the Arctic Circle, this town is the starting point of magnificent discoveries surrounded by unspoiled nature. Indeed, just a few dozen kilometres from there it is possible to get close to the Greenland ice sheet, the largest body of ice in the Northern Hemisphere. From Kangerlussuaq, admire also the superb landscapes of tundra in autumnal colours, where Arctic hares, musk oxen, Arctic foxes, reindeer, falcons and eagles live.
25 August 2019 – SisimiutArrival 25/08/2019. Departure 25/08/2019.
During your cruise, we invite you to discover Sisimiut, founded in 1756 and the second largest town in Greenland. This small town is typical of Greenland, boasting bewitching panoramas: here and there, colourful stilt houses dot the undulating landscape, and the small fishing port stands as the gateway to an icy realm. As for the town centre, it is home to a number of historic buildings, a small church and a museum which retraces the history of the Inuit people, as well as many craft shops. When your ship drops anchor here, you will set out to meet the locals in a typically arctic atmosphere.
26 August 2019 – Disko BayArrival 26/08/2019. Departure 26/08/2019.
To the east of Baffin Bay, discover Disko Bay, scattered with countless icebergs produced by the Ilulissat Icefjord, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. From your ship, admire the majestic ballet of these ice giants as they slowly drift across the dark waters. This site is a natural marvel of Greenland, and is also renowned as an observation point for the region's many humpback whales. The encounters with wild fauna and stunning landscapes in the heart of this spectacular and fragile nature will be pure moments of wonder for you.
27 August 2019 – TugtutoqArrival 27/08/2019. Departure 27/08/2019.
The small uninhabited island of Tugtutoq, a former Inuit encampment, is located in the Upernavik region. The power of this place lies in its soft landscapes, which conceal many archaeological treasures nestling in the wild tundra. After a stop on a beautiful beach, you will have the opportunity to walk around ancient peat houses from the Thule civilisation, built according to a traditional method. The graves of a cemetery, dotted here and there between the rocks, seem to remind visitors of the presence of ancestors in these places marked by the Thulean culture.
28 August 2019 – KullorsuaqArrival 28/08/2019. Departure 28/08/2019.
Well beyond the Arctic Circle, in the majestic landscapes of Greenland's Northwest, you will find the village of Kullorsuaq, the last bastion of Greenland's traditional hunters. Here is where you will find Greenland's true character… Vast mineral expanses, sumptuous mountains, impressive glaciers and, above all, the local population which still lives off fishing and seal or bear hunting. Hospitality and respect for nature are essential elements in the daily lives of these men, who live an austere life. When we drop anchor in this remote part of the world, set off to discover these friendly people who are also talented craftsmen, deftly sewing the furs and skins of marine mammals. This will be a unique and authentic experience.
29 August 2019 – SavissivikArrival 29/08/2019. Departure 29/08/2019.
Some places in this world are so magical that their beauty cannot be described in words… Savissivik, a small Inuit village with less than a hundred inhabitants, is one such place. Rightly considered to be the biggest iceberg graveyard in Greenland, it is a stunning sight to behold. During your Zodiac® outing, you will sail between these icy giants. Once on land, you can hike to a viewpoint from which to enjoy breathtaking views over these icebergs, which come in an incredibly diverse range of shapes and colours. Photographers will love it. Savissivik Bay attracts many bears and is also known for having been the home of one of the world's biggest meteorites, but the latter has now been moved to a museum in New York.
30 August 2019 – Pond Inlet, NunavutArrival 30/08/2019. Departure 30/08/2019.
On Baffin Island, located in northern Canada at the mouth of the famous NorthWest Passage, there is a small Inuit settlement at the very bounds of infinity. To get there, cross the Arctic Circle, the imaginary line that separates man from lands of mystery and wonder. It's not so much the way of life that sets Pond Inlet's inhabitants apart, so much as the setting. Snow-capped mountains, fjords and glaciers combine in a dazzling natural environment that fills space and expands time. Some discoveries change you forever: this is one of them.
31 August 2019 – Beechey Island, NunavutArrival 31/08/2019. Departure 31/08/2019.
Beechey Island, at the eastern end of Resolute Bay, will call to mind some of the most important moments of Franklin's expedition. Sir John set off in 1845 in search of the mythical Northwest Passage and was forced to take shelter in Erebus Harbour for two long years, while he waited for the ice floes to recede and allow him a way through. It is a spectacular location; seeing the three wooden grave markers, bleached by the sun (indicating the burial places of at least three of Captain Franklin's men) and visiting the memorial that has been erected in memory of Franklin and his men can only reinforce the hushed sense of reverence. If the surrounding wilderness impresses us, the ochre and yellows of the rocky desert soften the landscape.
1 September 2019 – Fury Beach, NunavutArrival 01/09/2019. Departure 01/09/2019.
The ice floe gradually appears as you approach Somerset Island, in the heart of the North West Passage. In a Zodiac® dinghy, you will land on Fury Beach, a place with a rich history where the English explorer William Edward Parry ran aground in 1825. He left materials and supplies here in order to help the next expeditions that would pass by this site. During your hike around the majestic canyon of Fury Beach, you'll be dazzled by the surprising landscape: the turquoise green water and sheer cliffs are reminiscent of the Grand Canyon or the High Atlas in Morocco. If fortune smiles on you, you will perhaps come across a family of polar bears roaming the enormous ice floes. A sublime hike; a sense of wonder is guaranteed.
2 September 2019 – QariaraqyukArrival 02/09/2019. Departure 02/09/2019.
Located at Hazard Inlet (Somerset Island), the abandoned village of Qariaraqyuk is home to the ruins of one of the largest Thule archaeological sites in the High Arctic. The foundations of several constructions as well as many whale bones found on the site bear witness to the village's past activity and its inhabitants' incredible capacity to adapt to such isolated lands. Qariaraqyuk had a population of 300 people who subsequently left the village for reasons that remain unknown. The Thule civilisation is the last Paleo-Eskimo civilisation from which all the Inuits we know today are descended.
2 September 2019 – Fort Ross, NunavutArrival 02/09/2019. Departure 02/09/2019.
Discover Fort Ross, the last trading post established by the Hudson's Bay Company. Constructed in 1937, it was used as a fur and whaling trading post at the same time. Fort Ross, located on a small island at the entrance to the Bellot Strait, is still home to this former store as well as the house for the manager and staff. The interior of these two buildings has been damaged over time and by the presence of polar bears. After a short walk towards the summits of the island, you will be able to enjoy a breathtaking panoramic view over the Bellot Strait and surrounding area.
2 September 2019 – Bellot StraitArrival 02/09/2019. Departure 02/09/2019.
A key stage in the North West Passage, the Bellot Strait, crossed by strong currents, promises you an unforgettable sailing experience. The entrance to the strait is dominated by the Ross Cairn. The buildings of Fort Ross also stand not far from here. Separating Somerset Island from the Boothia Peninsula, this 2-km-wide strait was discovered in 1852 by Captain William Kennedy of the Royal Navy, and the Frenchman Joseph-René Bellot, during an expedition in search of Sir John Franklin. Discover a magnificent décor covered in snow, fragmented by large ice floes. As you sail between them, your ship will perhaps be accompanied by a few polar bears.
3 September 2019 – Gjoa Haven, NunavutArrival 03/09/2019. Departure 03/09/2019.
Discovered by the Scottish explorer John Ross in 1830, King William Island was named in honour of the reigning British King. In September 1903, Captain Roald Amundsen was the first to drop anchor at Gjoa Haven, the only inhabited part of the island, where a few Inuit were the only sign of human life. The Norwegian sailor decided to overwinter here for two years, to attempt to find the location of the mysterious Magnetic North Pole. Roald Amundsen interacted with the local Inuit to learn how to survive in these extreme conditions and freezing temperatures. We invite you to discover this small hamlet in the Nunavut region, located just above the Arctic Circle. Do not miss this unique opportunity to discover these forgotten lands.
4 September 2019 – At seaArrival 04/09/2019. Departure 04/09/2019.
During your day at sea, make the most of the many services and activities on board. Treat yourself to a moment of relaxation in the spa or stay in shape in the fitness centre. Depending on the season, let yourself be tempted by the swimming pool or a spot of sunbathing. This day without a port of call will also be an opportunity to enjoy the conferences or shows proposed on board, to do some shopping in the boutique or to meet the PONANT photographers in their dedicated space. As for lovers of the open sea, they will be able to visit the ship's upper deck to admire the spectacle of the waves and perhaps be lucky enough to observe marine species. A truly enchanted interlude, combining comfort, rest and entertainment.
5 September 2019 – Edinburgh Island, NunavutArrival 05/09/2019. Departure 05/09/2019.
Fall under the charm of small and uninhabited Edinburgh Island, in Nunavut. Blueberries, crowberries, arctic willow, cranberries: vegetation rules the roost here, with no fewer than 19 types of dwarf shrubs, berries and flowers identified. In autumn, these species are adorned with shimmering colours that produce a magnificent picture. The tundra, dotted with red and yellow touches, competes in its beauty with the superb ochres of the sandy beaches and the dark tones of the surrounding cliffs. At the end of a walk towards the heights of the island, enjoy a superb panorama with a view over lakes, sea and basalt mountains. An enchanting place, frequented by caribous, peregrine falcons, reindeer, Arctic foxes and hares.
6 September 2019 – Holman (Ulukhaktok)Arrival 06/09/2019. Departure 06/09/2019.
Set off to meet the inhabitants of Holman for an unforgettable moment in the midst of a welcoming community. With some 500 inhabitants, this hamlet located on the west of Victoria Island has learned how best to adapt to an at-times harsh environment and a difficult climate. As you visit this village in the Canadian Far North, admire the prints and other objects created by the very rich local craftsmanship. Traditional singing and dancing are also part of the daily life of this commune, to the great delight of fans of Inuit culture. The village of Holman, also called Ulukhaktok, is one of those places in which you can share an authentic experience in a remote land.
7 September 2019 – Minto InletArrival 07/09/2019. Departure 07/09/2019.
Located to the east of the Amundsen Gulf, in the eastern part of Victoria Island, Minto Inlet is an integral part of the history of the Copper Inuits. The representatives of this people, also called the Kitlinermiut, are the descendants of the old Thule. Hunter-gatherer nomads during more than three millennia, they knew how to flawlessly exploit the copper deposits in the regions where they set up camp, which is what earned them their name. Arrows, knives, spears, ulus (blades) and harpoons: all these objects made with a deft hand and used day-to-day by this small community. During your visit, you will have the opportunity to visit their territory, in a landscape of tundra frequented by many caribou.
8 September 2019 – Franklin BayArrival 08/09/2019. Departure 08/09/2019.
This large bay, 48 km long and 40 km wide, is located in the Northwest Territories, in Canada. It was given its name in 1826 by the naturalist John Richardson, in honour of the British polar explorer Sir John Franklin. Franklin Bay always offers fine occasions to come across marine mammals. During your cruise here, you will also see the famous smoke column show at Smoking Hills, which are cliffs made of sulphur and lignite in beautiful yellow, ochre and brown colours.
9 September 2019 – At seaArrival 09/09/2019. Departure 09/09/2019.
During your day at sea, make the most of the many services and activities on board. Treat yourself to a moment of relaxation in the spa or stay in shape in the fitness centre. Depending on the season, let yourself be tempted by the swimming pool or a spot of sunbathing. This day without a port of call will also be an opportunity to enjoy the conferences or shows proposed on board, to do some shopping in the boutique or to meet the PONANT photographers in their dedicated space. As for lovers of the open sea, they will be able to visit the ship's upper deck to admire the spectacle of the waves and perhaps be lucky enough to observe marine species. A truly enchanted interlude, combining comfort, rest and entertainment.
10 September 2019 – Herschel IslandArrival 10/09/2019. Departure 10/09/2019.
The Canadian Arctic Archipelago is composed of a myriad of islands and reveals landscapes you will only see at this far end of the world. Come and discover the small canadian island of Herschel, a frozen paradise located in the Beaufort Sea, within the Ivvavik National Park. During an expedition in 1826, Sir John Franklin was the first european to lay eyes on these unique places and their inhabitants, the Inuvialuit, the nordic cousins of the Inuit. It was during this trip that he named the island after one of his friends, John Herschel, a brilliant british astronomer and scientist. Herschel Island is a landmark in the West Arctic and has since served alternately as a whaling station, a relay station and a refuge for travellers.
11 September 2019▸12 September 2019 – At seaArrival 11/09/2019. Departure 12/09/2019.
During your day at sea, make the most of the many services and activities on board. Treat yourself to a moment of relaxation in the spa or stay in shape in the fitness centre. Depending on the season, let yourself be tempted by the swimming pool or a spot of sunbathing. This day without a port of call will also be an opportunity to enjoy the conferences or shows proposed on board, to do some shopping in the boutique or to meet the PONANT photographers in their dedicated space. As for lovers of the open sea, they will be able to visit the ship's upper deck to admire the spectacle of the waves and perhaps be lucky enough to observe marine species. A truly enchanted interlude, combining comfort, rest and entertainment.
13 September 2019 – Inalik, Little DiomedeArrival 13/09/2019. Departure 13/09/2019.
You've now arrived in the heart of the Bering Sea, between Alaska and Russia. Your ship sets sail for Little Diomede, an American island inhabited by an Inuit community numbering fewer than a hundred people. You will disembark at Inalik, a village gripping the steep slopes of this lost piece of rock. Here, around twenty dwellings are curled up against each other, mounted on stilts and accessible by small staircases. You will be warmly welcomed by the Inupiak, who will be keen to introduce you to their culture, traditions and day-to-day life. Only 3 kilometres away, on the other side of the International Date Line, is the island of Big Diomede, belonging to Russia.
13 September 2019 – Fairway RockArrival 13/09/2019. Departure 13/09/2019.
Your ship moves slowly towards Fairway Rock, a small rocky island lost in the middle of the Bering Strait. This little piece of pebble, located off the Russian coastline and the Diomedes Islands, rises a hundred meters above the water. It is home to many species of marine birds that the naturalist-guides will help you to identify: Tridactyl gulls, thick-billed murres, Atlantic puffins and cormorants have set up home on the cliffs of Fairway Rock. Spotted seals and walruses have also found their place here and make a warm welcome committee. If you're lucky, you will perhaps spot the blow of a humpback whale from the deck of your ship. A magical encounter with the local fauna.
14 September 2019 – King Island, AlaskaArrival 14/09/2019 early morning. Departure 14/09/2019.
Located in the Bering Sea, King Island was discovered in 1778. This island takes its name from James King, a crew member of the expedition led by James Cook. King Island was inhabited by a group of Inupiat until the middle of the 20th century and the village, now abandoned, was called Ukivok. During your port of call, a Zodiac® outing along the island's southern coasts will enable you to observe a majestic bird cliff (tufted and horned puffins, Tridactyl gulls, thick-billed murres).
Nome, AlaskaDisembarkation 15/09/2019 at 08H00 .
Located along the Bering Strait at the westernmost point of Alaska, Nome offers the rustic charm of a former gold-mining town, set in the middle of magnificent wilderness. As you weave in and out of the brightly coloured houses, you will discover the pioneering legacy that still marks local traditions. Fishing, reindeer rearing, sledge-racing... People here live from their manual labour. The surrounding plains provide stunning vantage points for observing Arctic fauna.
The information below is current but subject to change at any time without advance notice from government authorities. Please consult your respective government agencies for visa and health information.
Passport valid for at least six (6) months beyond the completion of your trip. Passport must contain at least two completely clear, blank, unused visa pages for each visa required, not including any amendment pages. Visa pages with stains or ink from other pages in the passport are not usable. Guests who deviate from the scheduled embarkation or disembarkation port should research the foreign entry requirements for the port country. Due to government regulations, regrettably, Ponant will have to deny boarding to any guest who fails to obtain the appropriate travel documentation for this trip.
Warning about the use of drones: the use of drones aboard PONANT ships, whether they are sailing at sea, at a port of call or anchored, is strictly forbidden. The use of drones on land in the Arctic and Antarctic regions is also strictly forbidden by international polar regulations. In other regions, it may be possible to use drones on land if permission has been obtained from the relevant authorities of each country and each region travelled through, as well as a pilot's licence that should be obtained from your home country. Passengers are responsible for obtaining these permits; they should be able to present them at all times. Passengers who do not obtain these authorisations expose themselves to the risk of legal proceedings.
Canada: travel by sea - The eTA is not required for US, Australian and British citizens. Other nationalities: a Visa may be required, please contact Canada consulate website for details. http://www.canada.ca/en/index.html
USA: Depending on your nationality, an ESTA or Visa may be required. Please contact USA consulate website for details. A copy of your visa or ESTA must be sent to PONANT at the very latest 45 days prior to your cruise date. In case the ESTA is sufficient to enter the USA, we also ask you to keep a copy of your ESTA with your passport throughout the duration of your trip.
We remind you that all our ships have a doctor on board and medical facilities. However, these cannot, under any circumstances, be compared to any medical structure on land. Given the remote areas in which we will be sailing for a number of days, safety requirements mean that we are obliged to ask each passenger signing up for this program to provide us, no more than 45 days before departure, with a medical certificate from their GP, as well as the completed medical questionnaire received during registration.
Polar Expedition
Discover the unique concept of PONANT polar expedition cruises: explore the world's extreme regions while enjoying luxurious comfort and service.
A luxury expedition voyage
Choosing a PONANT expedition cruise means choosing a state of mind: the alliance of elegance and authenticity, of exploration and comfort, of adventure and refinement… The comfort of your ship and your stateroom, personalised and attentive service, refined gastronomy: a very special atmosphere that we take great care to maintain. In the heart of the ice floes of the Arctic and the Antarctic, our luxurious services will ensure that your expedition cruise is an unforgettable experience.
PONANT, polar specialists
With almost 20 years of experience in the extreme regions, PONANT, the world's number 1 polar cruise company, is a real polar specialist. PONANT will take you to the most remote regions in total safety: our Captains and crew are professionals, specially trained to sail in icy waters. Our latest-generation fleet has the most modern technology to guarantee both your safety and respect for the regions visited. The size of our ships means we can get as close as possible to areas that are difficult to reach, offering a privileged access to preserved sites. Our flexibility enables us to adapt to the surprises inherent to these expedition itineraries.
Professional expedition teams, varied activities
After scouting missions in the field, our Expedition Leaders and their teams of naturalist guides design exceptional itineraries in the polar regions. During the cruise, they organise daily outings and shore visits in Zodiac® dinghies and hikes on land so as to get as close as possible to nature and wild fauna. In the Arctic and in Alaska, the close relationships that our teams have been able to build with the local communities will enable you to understand the life of these peoples of the Far North, and to share it for a few hours. On board, the naturalist guides will share their knowledge during various conferences on fauna, the history of the great explorations, geology and climatology…
Flight Paris / Kangerlussuaq + transfers + flight Nome / Seattle
Embarkation day - Paris/Kangerlussuaq
Flight Paris/Kangerlussuaq selected by PONANT.
We highly recommend to arrive in Paris the day before this flight.
We suggest to be at the check-in counter 2 hours before departure.
Approximate flight duration: 5h00
Meet and greet at Kangerlussuaq airport.
Transfer to the pier for embarkation.
- Cruise aboard your cruise ship -
Disembarkation day - Nome/Seattle
Disembarkation and transfer to Nome airport.
Flight Nome/Seattle selected by PONANT.
Approximate flight duration: 4h30
We highly recommend to plan a departure from Seattle the day after this flight.
This programme includes:
- Flights Paris/Kangerlussuaq - Nome/Seattle in economy class.
- Transfers airport/pier and pier/airport.
This programme does not include:
- Personal expenses.
- Any other service not mentioned in the programme.
- Flights included in the programme are, as of today, operated in economy class.
- Detailed programme including flight schedule will be provided with your "travel document".
- For passengers in transit in Paris and/or Seattle: we recommend you to stay one night in Paris before and/or one night in Seattle after these flights to ensure your connecting flight.
- Package subject to availability.
- This programme is subject to change without prior notice.
Important information
Expeditions programs include activities such as Zodiac® outings (sometimes with "wet landing"), moderate walks to more active hikes. All this accompanied by your expedition team of naturalist guides. Certain Zodiac® outings will not allow for landings just cruising. Landings will depend on weather conditions, position of ice and winds and the state of the sea. These can force a change of plans at any time.
Travelling to polar/isolated regions is an exhilarating experience. The raw beauty and untouched wilderness offer an unusual chance to experience a place where there is little evidence of human presence. Inevitably, there are some consequences that come with such remoteness: please remember that you are far from modern hospitals with full medical facilities, thus evacuation is highly expensive. Without the necessary medical coverage, all expenses will have to be immediately paid from with your personal funds. We urge you to subscribe a full coverage insurance, choose your insurance company very carefully and be extremely vigilant and ensure your insurance is fully comprehensive.
Taking into consideration the unusual and exceptional character of expedition itineraries, the calls shown are an indication only. The final route will be confirmed by the Captain and Expedition Leader, who will take into account the touristic quality of the sites and above all, the safety of the passengers. Their decision will be subject to that of local authorities and/or the expert pilots present on board during the navigation in polar and /or isolated zones.
Dressing tips:
- Water-resistant parka offered on board (for adults only) on Expedition cruises where the stamp "Parka gift" appears
- Half calf rubber boots with non-slip soles, which will allow you to land in 20 cm of cold water, keeping your feet dry for walks and visits on steep paths. You can also bring water-resistant hiking boots. A boots rental will be offered onboard (for adults only) on Expedition cruises where the stamp "Boots offered" appears
- Comfortable pants: classic Winter pants, warm cotton tracksuit
- Water-resistant windbreaker over pants - COMPULSORY
- Winter pants with water-resistant over pants is the ideal combination: water-resistance and comfort suitability of pants are essential
- Pullover, sweat-shirt or fleece jacket
- Thermal sweater
- Fleece muffler and fleece cap or thermal beanie covering ears (avoid scarfs which do not stand still)
- Water-resistant and supple gloves
- Polarized sunglasses with high UV filter
- Walking sticks (highly recommended)
Feel free to visit the PONANT online shop which offers a selection of equipment and accessories adapted to our destinations at the following address: https://boutique.ponant.com
Benefits of the PONANT shop:
- expert advice to gear up
- a selection of technical equipment and accessories approved by our naturalists
- Duty Free prices
- delivery directly on board
Pre/Post & Overlands
Before your cruise
21/08/2019 – Escapade Parisienne (3 nights)For your comfort and serenity, this programme benefits from a PONANT accompaniment***.
The escort, mandated by the company, accompanies you and remains at your disposal during your stay.
His mission: offering you assistance and facilitating the organisation to ensure the full success of your stay.2890.02 $ **
After your cruise
15/09/2019 – Overnight in Seattle (1 night)630.00 $ **
15/09/2019 – SEATTLE, THE EMERALD CITY (2 NIGHTS)For your comfort and serenity, this programme benefits from a PONANT accompaniment***.
The escort, mandated by the company, accompanies you and remains at your disposal during your stay.
His mission: offering you assistance and facilitating the organisation to ensure the full success of your stay.1430.00 $ **
Your packages
15/09/2019 – Flights To Paris (Economic Class) + Overnight in Seattle 1N (Post)
15/09/2019 – Flights To Paris (Business Class) + Overnight in Seattle 1N (Post)
15/09/2019 – Flights To Paris (Economic Class) + Seattle, the Emerald City 2N (Post)
15/09/2019 – Flights To Paris (Business Class) + Seattle, the Emerald City 2N (Post)
During your cruise
** Prices per person, based on double occupancy


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VESTAL, N.Y. – UMBC women's lacrosse outscored Binghamton, 6-2, in the second half of the season finale, including the final three goals of the contest to pull within one with 1:42 remaining, but it was not enough to overcome a five-goal first half deficit in America East action on Saturday afternoon at the Bearcats Sports Complex.
Both teams were eliminated from postseason play and conclude the season with 7-9 overall records and 1-4 marks in league play.
The Retrievers had three players finish with two goals, led by a three-point effort from junior Alyssa Semones (Westminster, Md./Westminster/Penn State). Classmate Abby Wilson (Bel Air, Md./Fallston) and sophomore Kris Coppolino (Winter Springs, Fla./Winter Springs) each tabbed a pair of goals.
Binghamton jumped out to a three-goal lead in the opening 15 minutes of action, with goals by three different Bearcats. Semones got the Retrievers on the board with 10:47 remaining in the half on a pass from sophomore Rachel Benzing (Ellicott City, Md./Centennial).
Freshman Jocelyn Penteck opened the lead back up to three, 4-1, on her first of two scores. Junior Renee Kiviat followed with two straight goals, the first a free position score and the second an unassisted with two seconds remaining in the half, to give Binghamton a 6-1 lead at the break.
The Retrievers scored three straight in the opening three minutes of the second period. Semones and Benzing connected for the second time in the contest 1:01 into the stanza. It took just 1:25 later for Wilson to score her first of the day and Coppolino followed with her first one minute later.
Binghamton looked to hold off the Retrievers' charge with back-to-back goals less than two minutes apart from Penteck and Kiviat to extend the lead back to four, 8-4, with 20:15 remaining in the contest.
Semones dished off a pass to senior Shannon Harkey (Purcellville, Va./Loudon Valley/Florida) for the first of three straight scores for UMBC. Wilson scored on a free position shot with 5:14 left in the half and Coppolino scored her third in the past two games with 1:42 to go to bring the Retrievers within one, 8-7. Coppolino pulled in the ensuing draw control to give UMBC the chance for the tie, but Binghamton forced a UMBC foul and turnover en route to victory.
UMBC goalkeepers Anna Barnett (Midland, Texas/Midland) and Kelly Gielner (Pasadena, Md./St. Mary's) each saw time in net. Barnett made three stops but was credited with the loss. Gielner made two stops in 20 scoreless minutes of action. Binghamton goalkeeper Kara Pafumi made six stops in the victory.


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Uncovered: Insurance shapes job hunt
We knew a year in advance that my husband's job would end this fall. So he conducted a fairly typical job hunt for a while, but his searching went into overdrive when we found out that our insurance payments (COBRA) once his job ended would be $1,500 a month. His job hunt became an insurance hunt.
This insurance problem began because he could apply only to jobs that came with insurance, and many top institutions on his list offered no insurance plan. People who felt unconstrained by labor laws offered advice in interviews like, "Can't your spouse provide insurance?" (The answer, of course, is no. I am a freelancer.)
Two weeks before my husband's job ended, I started throwing a fit. I called him irresponsible, which is not actually true, because he's a good job hunter and he had had more than 20 interviews. I yelled that he was ruining my reproductive life, which is not totally true, but I want to get pregnant again, and I'm over 35, which is old in fertility years, and I cannot imagine getting pregnant without insurance.
I pointed out that we absolutely cannot have a special needs child without good health insurance. This last part is true. I probably should have started there, but emotions run high during a job hunt. And besides, I never in a million years imagined that I would be someone dependent on my husband for anything. But we need insurance.
So my husband decided to get a stupid job at a big company so we could have health insurance until he found a job on his career path.
I told him to start at Starbucks because you have to work there only 20 hours a week to get insurance. But my husband said he couldn't imagine doing a service job. I thought about how much it takes just to get him to clean up the cat litter, and I agreed.
So he went to Old Navy first. My husband has a master's degree from a top film school, and he has held producer positions at top entertainment companies. I asked him if he left all that off the Old Navy application. He said he couldn't even find the application. The Old Navy store manger said you have to apply online. The website says you have to apply in a store.
My husband went to Target. He said there was a line to use the kiosk to apply for a job even though the sign above the kiosk said, "We have no jobs." It was a depressing day.
It's one thing to search for entry-level jobs after a fruitful, 15-year career. But to be searching for them unsuccessfully is very sad.
Fortunately, the job nightmare ended the next day, when two offers from great non-profits came in. And the next day, two more offers. Then he weighed offers. At one, the pay was low but the insurance was covered. At another the pay was high but the insurance was so bad that we couldn't really use it. One company had a great insurance program and good salaries, but the premiums that we would pay out of pocket were sky-high. We may as well buy COBRA.
So my husband did something that we would have never have thought of doing before our insurance crisis of the past months: He asked for a 20 percent increase in salary to offset the costs of insurance. At first the company was shocked to hear the request, but in fact, so few people actually used the company's insurance that no one knew how expensive it was. And, in the end, my husband got the 20 percent increase.
Insurance is worth a lot of money. It can change an offer, and it can open the door for salary negotiations. Insurance premiums are to a job offer what shipping is to an online purchase: You don't know if it's a good deal until you see both numbers. So read all the fine print for your insurance package, and then don't be afraid to negotiate, because the cost of the company's insurance shouldn't kill your paycheck.
Meanwhile, things have settled down for us: My husband is not loading boxes at Target, and I am not throwing fits– at least not about the insurance.


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This guide will help you get the best out of digital TV, and includes advice on getting a digital signal and buying the easiest-to-use products. Much of this specialist knowledge is the result of Rica having tested hundreds of digital TVs, set-top boxes, digital TV recorders, indoor aerials and accessories in the lead-up to the digital switchover. Testing has now stopped and the analogue signal is no more, however there's still plenty to know about choosing equipment and connecting up to get the best digital TV experience.
- Introduction (this page)
- Digital TV options
- Accessibility services
- Choosing your kit
- Indoor aerials
5.1 Test reports
5.2 Tuning your aerial
- Set-top boxes
- Digital TV recorders
- Digital TVs
- TV remote controls
9.1 Test reports
- Retuning and updating
- Reception problems & FAQs
- Jargon buster
Following the final switchover from analogue to digital TV in October 2012, most households in the UK are able to receive digital terrestrial television through an aerial. In fact, in many areas an indoor aerial is sufficient - see our reviews of the best indoor aerials for recommendations. Elsewhere, a digital signal can be received by satellite or cable/phone line services.
This guide is based on our Digital TV website, which was originally intended to help people with the digital switchover. Much of that information is still useful even now that the switchover has been completed, and we've used it to create this guide. We hope it will help you if you are considering upgrading or otherwise changing your TV set-up, or just want to know more about what digital TV is all about.
In this guide, we tell you which digital TV options might and might not work for you. This depends on:
- where you live
- your technical know-how
- how you're hoping to use your TV
- the package of channels you want
- how much cash you're looking to spend
Based on that, you'll be able to decide how you want to get your digital TV signal. You have 3 options:
Once you've got that sorted, you can get started on choosing your kit.
Your digital TV set-up will also give you digital radio channels. Digital radio (DAB) can sound clearer and offers a lot more radio stations than analogue. The digital TV recorder option is good for recording radio programmes. For more about DAB services and recommended digital radios, see our guide to digital radio.
Types of digital TV
Terrestrial TV
Terrestrial TV is simply all of the digital channels that you can receive by using only an aerial. All of these channels, along with additional channels, are also available when you get your digital signal by satellite, cable or phone line. For more information, see Digital TV options.
High-definition TV (HDTV)
High-definition (HD) broadcasts give you a crisper picture and the opportunity of better quality sound than standard-definition TV. Note that there is a difference between an HD TV set, which receives and displays high-definition TV channels using its own built-in HD tuner, and an 'HD ready TV', which has a screen resolution that's good enough to display HD TV programmes but needs a separate set-top box or digital TV recorder with a built-in HD tuner to receive them.
Internet TV
Internet TV gives you the opportunity to access a limited number of internet-based applications on your TV through your home network. Some manufacturers offer only a few applications while others offer an opportunity to download many more. There may also be a selection of games and general information applications (news, weather, etc) available. However, we have found that web browsing is not particularly easy on a TV, particularly when using the remote control for navigation.
Watch-on-demand services such as Netflix and LoveFilm are also available, either directly through an internet-enabled TV or a device such as a Blu-ray player or games console. Similar options are available with a broadband phone line subscription.
To view 3D programmes or films, you'll need a TV that has the 3D technology built in, and also a 3D Blu-ray player if you want to watch discs. Currently, only a few 3D TV programmes are broadcast each day; the Blu-ray selection of 3D films is also limited. In order to view 3D programmes or films, you have to wear special glasses that synchronise with the TV picture. Most manufacturers supply these glasses, but they tend to be fairly bulky to wear and cost around £100 per pair.
Our tests on 3D TVs have shown that performance differs between brands, so we recommend you try out the models you're interested in for a reasonable length of time. While some viewers have been impressed with the technology, some have found the 3D effect uncomfortable to watch and the glasses uncomfortable to wear for any length of time.
Plasma and LCD TVs
Plasma and LCD are two different types of screen technologies. For an explanation of the differences, see our guide to what to look for in Digital TVs.
On-screen TV guides or electric programme guides (EPG)
With so many channels to choose from, finding the one you want can be a challenge. The solution is the on-screen programme guide (often called an EPG - electronic programme guide).
This TV guide makes the whole thing manageable. It displays the channels on your TV screen, line by line. You scroll up and down, using arrow keys on the remote, to view more channels, and from side to side to see what's coming up later in the day. Another button jumps you forward or back to see other days in the week.
Typically, a good on-screen TV guide can show about five or six channels at a time, with the start and finish times for each programme, so you can plan an evening's viewing. Not-so-good guides show, say, three programmes for each channel with no details of their length - or show only one channel at a time. Being able to display just your favourite channels can be a useful feature.
A full 7- or 8-day TV guide is best, so you can check for the next episode of a weekly programme.
Note that some digital boxes have TV guides that are very slow to fill up after you switch on.
With a digital TV recorder, you set it to record programmes by selecting them from the on-screen TV guide, using the same arrow keys on your remote control. It couldn't be simpler - and it's much easier than the old methods of setting the timer or looking up and entering long VideoPlus numbers.
Last updated: July 2013 (test reports December 2011)
Introduction | Next: Digital TV options


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How to Treat Your Feet for Summer
The one thing that gets me super excited about summer is "flip flop season." Living in the great state of Ohio, my flip flops really only get to be show cased for about 3 months. I am not a huge shoe person, but when it comes to flip flops I have acquired what some would say is an extreme amount.
Is this a problem? I don't think so, in my mind I love having flip flops in every color to match my outfits and even some of my flip flops were purchased to match my moods. They just have the capability to make me happy. I even have a "flippity flop song" that I sing when I am trying to find a match. My girls love to chime in too. It looks like they may be inheriting my passion for flip flops.
When it comes to avid wearers of flip flops, like me, one thing that you have to take seriously is pampering of your feet. Because wearing flip flops leaves little to the imagination for feet, there is a ton of skin exposed. But, this is only a problem if you do take the proper precautions.
The skin of the feet actually relies on sweat glands to moisturize itself. It is not like the skin on the rest of the body that contains oil glands to produce soft and supple skin. Feet skin is naturally dry. This however, is only a problem if you do not moisturize your feet regularly, or in some cases have a medical condition.
There are a few steps that you can take to help prevent dry and cracking feet. They are
Using a mild bar of soap when bathing
Drinking lots of water
I personally like to lotion after I shower, but occasionally I do take that special step in truly pampering my feet. I swear by this recipe and love how my feet feel after I am done too. For any of my true avid flip flop lovers out there, this is a remarkable way treat your feet, especially since they work so hard for you!
This recipe is super easy to make and since it calls for Dead Sea Salt, you now have the added bonus of using an ingredient that naturally draws impurities and toxins from your skin. Plus, since it is Dead Sea salt (which exfoliates the skin), rubbing this mixture all over your feet will help to remove dead skin cells.
Citrus Peel Salt Scrub Recipe
Here are the ingredients:
1 cup finely ground dead sea salt
1/2 cup fractionated coconut oil
1/2 teaspoon vitamin E oil
1 teaspoon lemon peel powder
1 teaspoon orange peel powder
20 drops Ruby red grapefruit fragrance oil
Here are the steps:
Clean & Sanitize your work area and all of your packaging materials. It is suggested that you wear gloves, protective clothing, and a hair net while preparing this recipe.
Step 1: Mix 1 cup fine dead sea salt, 1/2 cup fractionated coconut oil, 1/2 teaspoon vitamin E oil, 1 teaspoon lemon peel powder, and 1 teaspoon orange peel powder.
Step 2: Add 20 drops of Ruby Red Grapefruit Fragrance Oil and mix.
Step 3: Spoon contents into jars and lid.
Your Citrus Peel Salt Scrub is now ready for use. Not only will your feet look and feel great, they will also smell wonderful too.
Fragrance & Fun for Everyone
Inspire, Create, and Dominate!
Sparkles!!! Nicole
(Corporate Manager of Natures Garden Candle Supplies)
Natures Garden is not responsible for the performance of any of the recipes provided on our website. Testing is your responsibility. If you plan to resell any recipes we provide, it is your responsibility to adhere to all FDA regulations if applicable. If there are ingredients listed in a recipe that Natures Garden does not sell, we cannot offer any advice on where to purchase those ingredients. We also do not offer any advice on formulating or altering recipes.


text: This multinational pharmaceutical, consumer health and crop sciences company is defined by a history of more than 150 years of continuous innovation. To strengthen its focus on its business, this company chose to sell one of its businesses. Ensuring business continuity for both customers and employees during and after the transaction was critical. From day one, the divested entity needed fully functional, standalone operations for each country.READ THE REPORT [PDF]


text: KIDS Team mobile ICU For expertise in neonatal or pediatric transport, medical providers rely on the KIDS Team, a specialized service of Randall Children's Hospital at Legacy Emanuel. Download the KIDS Team brochure Pediatric Emergency Quick Reference for Providers Ready around the clock Providers can just call Legacy One Call consult and transfer service at 1-800-500-9111. A trained placement specialist will connect you with either a neonatologist or PICU intensivist for a consult or activation of the KIDS Team. The team travels throughout the Pacific Northwest — from Alaska to Montana to California — and is ready for immediate activation 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Experience The KIDS Team mobile ICU brings the unmatched experience of Randall Children's Hospital directly to the child, by transporting critically ill neonatal and pediatric patients throughout the Pacific Northwest by ground and air. Our goal is to provide the same advanced level of care on transport that the child receives as a patient in one our critical care units. Skill The team is staffed by highly skilled pediatric and neonatal critical care nurses and respiratory therapists. Their extensive backgrounds include work in our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Critical Care Unit and Children's Emergency Department, allowing them to maintain advanced skills and an understanding of pediatric and neonatal medicine. Innovation The KIDS Team provides innovative treatments such as high-frequency ventilation and nitric oxide administration, for both neonatal and pediatric patients. These therapies are often used to stabilize patients for transport to Randall Children's Hospital for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or cardiac surgery. We offer a mobile ECMO unit. Collaboration Each transport begins with a consultation between the referring physician and a Randall Children's Hospital pediatric intensivist or neonatologist. From patient assessment, to delivery of care, to completion of transport, the team and the receiving physician collaborate to ensure the patient receives the best and most advanced care possible. Our patients The KIDS Team provides innovative treatment and expert care for: Premature infants Respiratory distress (both neonates and pediatrics) High-frequency ventilation (both neonates and pediatrics) Nitric oxide therapy (both neonates and pediatrics) Cardiac arrest Pre-ECMO Protocol for body cooling/neuro-protection Patients in shock Congenital heart disease Patients with arterial or central lines Uncontrolled seizures Newborns requiring vasoactive infusions Acute mental status deterioration Patients requiring mechanical ventilation Complex fluid management issues Unstable airway Ingestions Any child you think would benefit from our service


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OUR CULTURE - AFRICA (Digital Download)
Culture is what makes us who we are. And any study of African culture must take into account that Africa 5 minutes ago, 50 years ago, 500 years ago and Africa 5000 years ago is not a static feature. A diverse Africa has influenced, and been influenced. This film is a brief exploration of some critical concepts within African culture. See article click here
From the award-winning producers of the acclaimed 500 Years Later, Motherland is directed by �Alik Shahadah.
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RESPECT COPYRIGHT: NON-PROFIT: This is a non-profit production and all funds are spent continuing our work. If the copyright is breached by illegal screening, distributing, or give this work away for free (file sharing etc) you are destroying the single source of funding for the continuation of our work. Respect sustainable economics; build intellectual industries-DO NOT COPY!


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Evolutionists often use as a proof of their theory the intriguing case of fish that live in deep-water caves and that have lost their sight permanently, yet still function quite well. Are blind cave fish a good example of organic evolution in action?
Found in the subterranean caverns of the world are rare, unique, and sometimes exotic creatures. Numerous varieties of bats, spiders, insects, and other curious creatures populate these damp, cool environments. Hidden from the Sun, weather, and intrusion of man, these caverns represent a truly intriguing habitat. Another animal also dwells in these cavernous environments—the cave fish. Restricted to the dark confines of the globe, cave fish possess unique qualities that differ from the surface varieties generally seen. The most remarkable distinction between cave fish and their surface counterparts is a loss of visionary processes. There are several other interesting differences, but this particular disparity is the most commonly referenced in support of evolutionary theory. How did this difference come into existence? And why has it continued? These are the underlying questions that need to be answered.
Lamarckianism (as it is known today) was the most prominent theory preceding Darwinian evolution. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck is remembered most notably for his theory of the "inheritance of acquired variations" (Ruse, 1979, p. 8). This theory holds that the acquired physiological traits of the parent are passed down to the offspring. This proposal, however, has been known to be false for more than a century. The classic evolutionary example of this theory is the giraffe. Supposedly, as the scarcity of food increased, the giraffe was forced to extend its neck higher and higher to reach diminishing food sources. Over the ensuing generations, the giraffe subsequently developed a longer neck, due to constant straining and stretching—a ridiculous idea, to be sure.
Yet some in the past attempted to apply this same type of "reasoning" to the cave fish situation in a Lamarckian scenario which suggested that through a natural event (such as a flood or terrain upheaval), a population of creatures, including fish, found itself geographically separated and isolated in a new environment—specifically, a cave. As they continued to live in this cave, the fish physically lost the use of their eyes, perhaps through injury or muscle atrophy. When the fish eventually spawned, the young possessed the same physical defects that the parents had acquired. Although such an explanation made for a good "just-so" story, the Lamarckian theory eventually was rejected by the scientists after Darwin's day because it did not fit the available facts.
A convenient and rather enlightening illustration to better relate the absurdity (if it is not already apparent) of Lamarck's theory can be made by comparing your father, your siblings, and you. If, for some unfortunate reason, your father were to lose an appendage (a finger or an arm, for instance), this loss would not be passed along to either your siblings or to you. While the accident would affect your father's life significantly, it would not have any bearing on the physical appearance of his future offspring. But the question then springs to mind, "Exactly how do children obtain their appearances?"
Certainly, children do possess both maternal and paternal characteristics. Why is this the case? Through the study of DNA and its genetic coding, the process of inheritance and expression of traits can be described scientifically. The physical appearance of a child is ultimately the result of his or her genetic makeup, which itself is the product of the combined genes received from the parents. An old saying correctly expresses the matter: "It's in your genes." Technically, a gene is defined as a "self-replicating unit of heredity; a portion of DNA (i.e., a sequence of nucleotide units) that encodes a protein" (Schwartz, 1999, p. 406, parenthetical item in orig.). As the definition states, genes are portions of the DNA strand. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the genetic coding that forms a sort of "blueprint" for the design of the organism. On a single strand of DNA, there can be numerous portions (known as genes), each of which assists in the design of the body plan. Gene expression is responsible for the visible attributes of an organism (known as the phenotype), which is the end result of the expression of one's DNA. Likewise, in cave fish, the resulting blindness among the populations is an effect of genetic mutations, and not a simple transference of an injury or organ loss.
The importance of understanding the role of genetics in this situation is obvious. First, we need to be accurate scientifically. Second, such accuracy lays the groundwork for understanding the true progression that is taking place in this example of cave fish. Any genetic mutation can be classified into one of three groups: good, bad, and neutral. Bad mutations, as the name plainly implies, are detrimental to the affected organism. As long ago as 1950, Hermann J. Muller, Nobel laureate in genetics, observed: "The great majority of mutations, certainly well over 99%, are harmful in some way" (1950, 38:35). Fifty years later, nothing much had changed. The renowned geneticist of Stanford University, Luigi Cavalli-Sforza, who is head of the International Human Genome Diversity Project, wrote: "Genetic mutations are spontaneous, chance changes, which are rarely beneficial, and more often have no effect, or a deleterious one" (2000, p. 176, emp. added).
Such harmful mutations affect their host, leading almost exclusively to its demise. For an epigean (surface-dwelling) organism, the loss of sight would be considered a bad mutation. But for a hypogean (underground) organism, this does not present the same problematic scenario. In complete darkness, eyesight is basically a moot point, and at worst would be considered simply a neutral mutation. Neutral mutations, however, are of no use to the evolutionist since they (to use Dr. Cavalli-Sforza's words) "have no effect." Occasionally, mutations do occur that are beneficial to survival. But those are rare indeed. Almost thirty-five years ago, Theodosius Dobzhansky, the famous evolutionary geneticist of the Rockefeller University, admitted that favorable mutations amount to less than 1% of all mutations that occur (as quoted in Davidheiser, 1969, p. 209). Once again, not much has changed. The man who is arguably the world's most eminent evolutionary taxonomist, Ernst Mayr (professor emeritus at Harvard), discussed this very point in his 2001 book, What Evolution Is, when he wrote (with a bit of understatement): "...[T]he occurrence of beneficial mutations is rather rare" (p. 98). Rare indeed!
Furthermore, the point must be stressed that although these mutations may be beneficial to the survival of the organism, they are still defects in the genetic code—a corruption that represents loss of information. Evolution does not require "just" mutations; it requires mutations that produce new information. As Dr. Cavalli-Sforza remarked: "Evolution also results from the accumulation of new information. In the case of a biological mutation, new information is provided by an error of genetic transmission (i.e., a change in the DNA during its transmission from parent to child)" [p. 176, emp. added, parenthetical comment in orig.]. In theory, beneficial mutations add "new information." But in practice that is not the case. As Jonathan Sarfati noted: "If evolution from goo to you were true, we should expect to find countless information-adding mutations. But we have not even found one" (2002, emp. in orig.).
To further establish the genetic mechanism by which cave fish lose their eyesight, it is interesting to point out that a similar result can be obtained experimentally. Through the manipulation of a group of genes known as the homeobox or Hox cluster, scientists can induce the mutation of ectopic (abnormally positioned) eyes. The eye structures have been found to grow in antenna, leg, and wing tissues. These eyes, like the eye structures of the cave fish, are non-functioning entities. These laboratory-induced structures are practically complete, and are "morphologically normal with normal photoreceptors, lens, cone and pigment cells," according to Walter Gehring, an evolutionary expert in Hox gene mutations (see Gould, 2002, pp. 1124-1125). Although the physical structures are constructed successfully, the eye fails to possess the necessary neural "wiring" to function properly (Gould, p. 1125). Yet, the mutational precedence for such an occurrence is well documented.
Two scientists, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto and William Jeffery, have been involved in specialized research on the eye formation of the cave fish specimen, Astyanax mexicanus. This particular species of teleost (bony fish) possesses both epigean and hypogean forms that enabled the team to perform experiments on the blind cave fish, using the surface form as the control specimen. Yamamoto and Jeffery have begun to establish some of the steps in the formation of the fish's eye, from the embryonic stage to the adult stage. "Although adult cave fish lack functional eyes, eye formation is initiated during embryogenesis. The lens vesicle is formed but later degenerates, and the cornea, iris, and other optic tissues are absent or rudimentary" (2000, 289:631). The apoptosis (programmed death) of the lens cells occurs prior to the degeneration of any other tissue. Yamamoto and Jeffery observed:
The optic cup and neural retina are formed in cave fish, but the retinal layers are disorganized, growth is retarded, and photoreceptor cells do not differentiate. The degenerate eye sinks into the orbit and is covered by a flap of skin (289:631).
As a result of their research, these two scientists have concluded that the lens plays a dominant role in the subsequent development of the eye's entire structure. To prove their hypothesis, a lens from the "eyed" variety was transplanted into the eye of the blind variety. After 8 days "a larger eye was detected on the transplant side," and after 2 months "a large eye (restored eye) with a distinct pupil was present.... Sections of the restored eye showed an anterior chamber, cornea, iris, and lens" (289:631, parenthetical item in orig.). In the final analysis, Yamamoto and Jeffery concluded: "[T]he results show that the cave fish lens has lost the ability to promote eye development" (289:632). In other words, the data show that the blindness found in cave fish is a product of a genetic mutation affecting the fish's lens. Peter Mathers, a developmental biologist, summed up the results well when he said: "It's possible you are looking at a single gene defect that has caused a drastic developmental change" (as quoted in Pennisi, 2000, 289:523, emp. added).
But that has not kept some evolutionists from claiming that the concept of blind cave fish supports their theory. As one news report stated: "Millions of years ago it had eyes; but now, soon after it starts growing in the egg, the eyes start to degenerate and the fish are born blind" (see "Blind Fish...," 2000, emp. added). However, nowhere in the scientific experiments is there evidence that lends itself to an ancient timeline of descent. The small genetic changes (microevolution) that can be observed are wrongly assumed to be the foundation from which macroevolution emanates.
First, notice that no new speciation has occurred due to this mutation: the species Astyanax mexicanus can be either the "eyed" form or the "eyeless" form. It is refreshing to note that even biological taxonomy plainly supports the fact that the fish with which we began is still a fish. Neither the genus nor the species has changed between the epigean and hypogean forms. Second, there is the principle of progression versus regression. Here, information is the key. Evolution demands progression, and with it there must accompany an increase of new information. Regression can be described by the loss or corruption of genetic information. Harvard's Ernst Mayr defined macroevolution as the "evolution above the species level; the evolution of higher taxa and the production of evolutionary novelties, such as new structures" (2001, p. 287). He included in his definition the requirement for the "production of evolutionary novelties, such as new structures." The question then becomes, "What new structures has the cave fish evolved?" Here is where progression comes to a screeching halt. The cave fish actually falls into the category known as "devolution," which is a category of regression on a downhill slope, where information is being lost—not gained (Wieland, 2001, p. 47). Organic evolution cannot be sustained using examples of "downhill" change. The basic tenets needed by evolutionists are not met, and thus cave fish cannot be touted as an example of evolutionary hypotheses.
Organisms are affected greatly by the habitats in which they live. Within their specific environments, they perform all the functions of life—feeding, procreating, etc. Thus, environmental changes and fluctuations have the potential to affect every aspect of their lives. Above ground, the sense of sight is a widely used, extremely beneficial trait. Underground, however, sight takes on a completely different role. Whereas above ground the loss of sight very likely would spell doom for most creatures, beneath the earth it is far less detrimental. When viewing the hypogean populations, mutated eyes characterize the vast majority. How can the mutation spread (and spread quickly) if it is completely neutral? In this setting and environment, the loss of sight for the cave fish could be beneficial, presenting itself as a good mutation.
According to Yamamoto and Jeffery, Astyanax has undergone certain changes, "including enhanced lateral line [sense of touch—BM/BT] and gustatory systems [sense of taste—BM/BT]" (289:631). These enhancements are part of a well-documented occurrence known as plasticity. Plasticity refers to the brain's ability to change. For instance, take the example of the father who lost his limb. Emotionally, this would be an extremely tragic situation that would require some mental adjustment to overcome. Neurologically, there also would be some adjustments that would have to take place. To use a somewhat simplified explanation, the human brain contains "maps" of the body. When something is lost, like a limb or even a digit on the hand, the brain adjusts the neural network and the mental "map" accordingly. For the hand, the adjacent digits' representative image will expand to include the missing finger. This process works on varying timescales, but nowhere near an evolutionary timescale. According to the textbook, Neurobiology, "these changes take place over varying time scales; in some cases the shifts in representations are slow, developing over weeks, but in other cases they may be surprisingly rapid, beginning within a day or so, or even a few hours" (Shepherd, 1983, p. 290, emp. added). For amputee patients, this is an established fact, and provides an extraordinary example of the amazing adaptive nature (and incredible design!) of the human brain.
This neurological process applies to the cave fish, as evinced by Yamamoto and Jeffery's aforementioned conclusion regarding enhanced touch and taste. For a fish in complete darkness, the lateral line (which is the sensory network for touch) would be essential, since it would guide the fish through the cavern. The gustatory system (which is primarily responsible for taste) would aid in the location of food. As scientific studies have documented, there are "compensatory improvements of the sense of taste in the blind, cave-dwelling fish" (Boudriot and Reutter, 2001, p. 428). These enhancements, due to a mutation, would confer an advantage for the blind cave fish over the non-mutated variety. However, notice that this is an advantage only to this highly specific environment, and would become of ill effect outside of these parameters.
In conclusion, blind cave fish are just that—blind (by mutation) and isolated to a cave environment. As they have been from the beginning, they are still just fish.. Genetic mutations and variations are found throughout nature, occurring in all populations. In many cases, they represent a defect—i.e., the corruption or loss of valuable genetic information that results in a "downhill" change or devolution, which is in direct opposition to the required demands of macroevolution. The incredible design and complexity of life is seen by its ability to survive. Whether changing behavior due to environmental strain, or re-networking a neural interface, life is dynamic, and is filled with remarkable intricacies. One cannot help but wonder: whence came such design?
"Blind Fish Show Eyes Can Grow Back," (2000), [On-line], URL: http://www.cnn.com/2000/Nature/07/28/blind.cavefish.reut/.
Boudriot, F. and Klaus Reutter (2001), "Ultrastructure of the Taste Buds in the Blind Cave Fish Astyanax jordani ('Anoptichthys') and the Sighted River Fish Astyanax mexicanus (Teleostei, Characidae)," Journal of Comparative Neurology, 434:428-444, June 11.
Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi Luca (2000), Genes, Peoples, and Languages (New York: North Point Press).
Davidheiser, Bolton (1969), Evolution and Christian Faith (Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian & Reformed).
Gould, Stephen J. (2002), The Structure of Evolutionary Theory (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).
Mayr, Ernst (2001), What Evolution Is (New York: Basic Books).
Muller, Hermann J. (1950), "Radiation Damage to the Genetic Material," American Scientist, 38:33-50,126, January.
Pennisi, Elizabeth (2000), "Embryonic Lens Prompts Eye Development," Science, 289:522-523, July 28.
Ruse, Michael (1979), The Darwinian Revolution (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press).
Sarfati, Jonathan (2002), "15 Ways to Refute Materialistic Bigotry," [On-line], URL: http://www.answersingenesis.org/news/scientific_american.asp.
Schwartz, Jeffrey H. (1999), Sudden Origins (New York: John Wiley & Sons).
Shepherd, Gordon M. (1983), Neurobiology (New York: Oxford University Press).
Wieland, Carl (2001), "Blind Fish, Island Immigrants and Hairy Babies," Creation Ex Nihilo, 23[1]:46-49.
Yamamoto, Yoshiyuki and William R. Jeffery (2000), "Central Role for the Lens in Cave Fish Eye Degeneration," Science, 289:631-633, July 28.