text:
Freedom on the Net
You are here
2012 Scores
Freedom on the Net Status
Freedom on the Net Total(0 = best, 100 = worst)
(0 = Best, 100 = Worst)
Obstacles to Access(0 = best, 25 = worst)
(0 = Best, 25 = Worst)
Limits on Content(0 = best, 35 = worst)
(0 = Best, 35 = Worst)
Violations of User Rights(0 = best, 40 = worst)
(0 = Best, 40 = Worst)
Internet and mobile telephone use in Turkey has grown significantly in recent years, though access remains a challenge in some parts of the country, particularly in the southeast. Until 2001, the government had a hands-off approach to internet regulation but has since taken considerable legal steps to limit access to certain information, including some political content. According to Engelliweb,[1] there were over 15,000 blocked websites as of February 2012, and certain online services, particularly file-sharing sites such as Last.fm and Metacafe, have experienced repeated blocking. Over the last two years, citizens have filed five separate applications to the European Court of Human Rights to challenge the government's blocking of YouTube,[2] Last.fm, and Google sites from Turkey after applicant appeals before the local courts were rejected.
In February 2011, the Information Technologies and Communication Board (BTK)[3] decided to establish a countrywide mandatory filtering system with the aim of protecting citizens from so-called "harmful content," which includes but is not limited to sexually explicit content and terrorist propaganda. Subsequent to strong opposition from the public and street demonstrations in May 2011,[4] a legal challenge against the BTK policy was launched at the Council of State level, leading the Turkish authorities to modify the policy in August 2011. The modified filtering system is now voluntary for subscribers and became operational in November 2011.
Despite an increasing penetration rate in the last few years, obstacles to internet access remain. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), internet penetration in Turkey stood at 42.1 percent in 2011, up from 18.2 percent in 2006.[5] The number of mobile telephone subscriptions in 2011 was over 65 million for a penetration rate of 88.7 percent in 2011,[6] and all mobile phone operators offer third-generation (3G) data connections.
Although many people access the internet from workplaces, universities, and internet cafes, poor infrastructure and the lack of electricity in certain areas, especially in the eastern and southeastern regions, have had a detrimental effect on citizens' ability to connect, particularly from home. High though decreasing prices, bandwidth caps, and a lack of technical literacy, particularly among older Turks, also inhibit wider internet use. Bandwidth capping has become standard practice and a part of the broadband services offered by major providers throughout 2011.
The population generally enjoys widespread access to internet technology, and diverse news sources are available to users. Popular social networks such as Facebook and MySpace, and applications like Skype are available in Turkish. However, the government routinely blocks advanced web content and applications including video- and music-sharing sites such as YouTube, MySpace, Last.fm, Metacafe, and Dailymotion; blog-hosting sites like WordPress and Blogspot; Google groups; the photo-sharing website Slide; and file-sharing websites such as Rapidshare. In 2011, several websites addressing Turkey-related issues were subjected to blocking orders. This particularly affected news websites such as Özgür Gündem, Azadiya Welat, Keditör, Firat News, and Günlük Gazete that report news on southeastern Turkey and Kurdish issues. Google-owned Blogspot was also inaccessible for approximately three months as a result of a blocking order in 2011.
In most instances, these large-scale shutdowns have been blunt efforts to halt the circulation of specific content that is deemed undesirable or illegal by the government. Nevertheless, circumvention tools are widely used to access blocked websites, and the government has not restricted their use to date.
There are 150 internet service providers (ISPs) in Turkey, but the majority act as resellers for the dominant, partly state-owned Turk Telekom, which provides more than 95 percent of the broadband access in the country. Liberalization of local telephony is still pending, and the delay undermines competition in the fixed-line and broadband markets. ISPs are required by law to submit an application for an "activity certificate" from the Telecommunications Communication Presidency (TIB), a regulatory body, before they can offer services. Internet cafes are also subject to regulation and registration. Those operating without an activity certificate from a local authority representing the central administration may face fines of 3,000 to 15,000 lira (US$1,900 to $9,600). Mobile phone service providers are subject to licensing through the regulatory authority and a licensing fee.
The Computer Center of Middle East Technical University has been responsible for managing domain names since 1991. Unlike in many other countries, individuals in Turkey are not permitted to register and own ".com.tr" and ".org.tr" domain names unless they own a company or civil society organization with the same name as the requested domain. A new set of rules on Domain Names Registration through an official Government Regulation was published in the Official Gazette on November 7, 2010. The Information and Communication Technologies Authority oversees and establishes the policy and its bylaws.
The Information and Communication Technologies Authority and the TIB, which it oversees, act as the regulators for all of these technologies and are well staffed and self-financed.[7] However, the fact that board members are government appointees is a potential threat to the authority's independence, and its decision-making process is not transparent. Nonetheless, there have been no reported instances of activity certificates being denied. The TIB also oversees the application of the country's website blocking law and is often criticized by pressure groups for a lack of transparency.
Government censorship of the internet is relatively common and has increased in recent years. In May 2007, the government enacted Law No. 5651 titled, "Regulation of Publications on the Internet and Suppression of Crimes Committed by Means of Such Publication," which delineates the responsibilities of content providers, hosting companies, mass-use providers, and ISPs.[8] The law's most important provision calls for the blocking of websites that contain certain types of content, including material that shows or promotes sexual exploitation and abuse of children, obscenity, prostitution, or gambling. Also targeted for blocking are websites deemed to insult Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founding father of modern Turkey. Domestically-hosted websites with proscribed content can be taken down, while websites based abroad can be blocked and filtered through ISPs. According to Engelliweb.com,[9] there were over 15,000 blocked websites as of February 2012.
The procedures surrounding decisions to block websites, whether by the courts or the TIB, are nontransparent, creating significant challenges for those seeking to appeal. Judges can issue blocking orders during preliminary investigations as well as during trials. The reasoning behind court decisions is not provided in blocking notices, and the relevant rulings are not easily accessible. As a result, it is often difficult for site owners to determine why their site has been blocked and which court issued the order. The TIB's mandate includes executing judicial blocking orders, but it can also issue such orders under its own authority for certain content. Moreover, it has in some cases successfully asked content and hosting providers to remove offending items from their servers, allowing it to avoid issuing a blocking order that would affect an entire website. According to TIB statistics as of May 2009, the courts are responsible for 21 percent of blocked websites, while 79 percent are blocked administratively by the TIB. The regulator has refused to publish blocking statistics since May 2009.[10] In December 2011, an administrative court in Ankara rejected an appeal to obtain the official blocking statistics under Turkey's freedom of information law. A subsequent appeal to the Council of State, the highest administrative court in Turkey, was lodged in January 2012 to obtain the statistics.
Although Law No. 5651 was designed to protect children from illegal and harmful internet content, its broad application to date has effectively restricted adults' access to some legal content. In various instances, the courts have blocked websites for political content using other laws. For example, the courts have indefinitely blocked access to the websites of several alternative news sources such as Atilim, Özgür Gündem, Keditör, Günlük Gazetesi, and Firat News Agency. Access to the website of Richard Dawkins, a British etiologist, evolutionary biologist and popular science writer, was blocked in September 2008 after a pro-creationist Islamist claimed that the website contents had insulted him, his work, and his religion, though in July 2011, an Istanbul Court lifted the blocking ban and rejected the defamation claims. As of mid-2012, the case is on appeal at the Court of Appeal, but the website is accessible from Turkey.[11]
On September 28, 2010, the Ankara 3rd Criminal Court of Peace ordered the blocking of BugunKilicdaroglu.com, a website that assesses the policies and strategies of the CHP (Republican People's Party, the main Turkish opposition party) leader, Mr. Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu. The injunction to block access to the website was requested by Mr. Kılıçdaroğlu's lawyers. The Ankara 11th Criminal Court of First Instance overturned the blocking decision in January 2011.[12]
Certain leftist and pro-Kurdish news websites are blocked consistently,[13] especially those dealing with southeastern Turkey, home to most of the country's Kurdish population. In 2011, two different Court injunctions were issued to block access to LiveStream for allegedly distributing content involving terrorist propaganda. In addition, a Turkish blogger currently residing in Sweden is being prosecuted for the crime of publishing "obscene" content on the 5Posta.org website. The author writes about sexual politics and freedom, as well about sexuality, the sex industry, pornography, and internet censorship among other topics. Access to the 5Posta.org website is blocked by two different decisions, and court cases are pending. Similarly, an appeal is ongoing at the Council of State level with regards to the blocked Playboy.com website in Turkey. The user-based appeal was lodged by two university professors and is currently ongoing as of mid-2012.
Blocking orders related to intellectual property infringement continued in 2011 with access being blocked to the Google-owned Blogspot for nearly three months beginning in January 2011.[14] In the case of Blogspot, five different appeals were lodged with three different criminal courts in Diyarbakir on behalf of a Turkish blogger in early March 2011. On March 14, the Diyarbakir Public Prosecutor's Office revoked the blocking decision.[15]
In April 2011, the TIB sent a letter to hosting companies based in Turkey with a list of 138 potentially provocative words that may not be used in domain names and websites.[16] This raised strong national and international criticism, to which the TIB responded that the list of words was intended to help hosting companies identify and remove allegedly illegal web content.[17]
According to Thomas Hammarberg, the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe, it is essential that the Turkish authorities review Law No. 5651 to align the grounds for restriction with those accepted in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights.[18] Similarly, the European Commission stated in its "Turkey 2011 Progress Report" that frequent website bans are cause for serious concern and called for the revision of Law No. 5651, which limits freedom of expression and restricts citizens' right to access to information.[19]
Five separate applications have been made between April 2010 and January 2011 to the European Court of Human Rights regarding the blocking of YouTube,[20] Last.fm, and Google sites from Turkey after the applicants' appeals before the local courts were rejected. In February 2011, the Strasbourg Court published the statement of facts for the appeals applications involving Google and Last.fm and asked the government of Turkey to respond to a number of questions by June 2011.[21] The government responded in July 2011, and the written submissions by the parties, which are confidential, were completed in September 2011. A decision is expected by the end of 2012.
In a step towards increasing control over the internet in Turkey, the Information Technologies and Communication Board (BTK) announced in February 2011 a decision to implement a mandatory countrywide filtering system that claims to protect families, particularly children, from harmful online content such as pornography.[22] In response, the IPS Communication Foundation, which owns the alternative media website Bianet, initiated in April 2011 a legal challenge against the BTK decision at the Council of State, the highest administrative court in Turkey.[23] The pressure of legal action against the proposal eventually led the BTK to modify the policy in August 2011, annulling the original decision and making the adoption of the filtering system optional instead of compulsory.
Before the decision was annulled, the BTK's original "safe use of the internet" filtering system required ISPs to offer four separate user profiles—standard, children, family, and domestic internet—with different access authorizations and obligated all home subscribers to choose one of the four filtering profiles upon purchase. ISPs would then be given filtering lists for each profile from the BTK that included domain names, IP addresses, port numbers, and web proxy addresses. Further, the BTK would have had broad discretionary powers to include on the black list any website that it believed to be harmful. No criteria or rules were established for deciding what sort of content could be subject to filtering, and ISPs would have been compelled to provide the service free of charge to their customers.
The modified filtering system is not compulsory for users, and the new version includes only the family and child profiles. However, ISPs are still compelled to offer the filtering service to their customers, and the filtering criteria have been considered somewhat arbitrary yet discriminatory and eclectic.[24] For example, the "child fliter" blocks access to several websites advocating the theory of evolution as well as the website of Richard Dawkins,[25] while some anti-evolution websites remain accessible through the same filter.[26] The "child filter" also blocks access to Facebook and the online video-sharing website YouTube, in addition to Yasam Radyo (Radio Life) and the Armenian minorities' newspaper, AGOS.[27] The BTK claims "technical errors" before removing websites from its filter, and a lack of transparency behind the filtering process has been the subject of criticism.
The filtering database and profiles are controlled and maintained by the government. The Child and Family Profiles Criteria Working Committee was introduced in January 2012—almost three months after the new filtering system become operational—to address concerns about the establishment of filtering criteria. However, the formation of the committee itself raised concerns about its independence and impartiality. Seven of the 11 members of the committee are either from the BTK, Family and Social Policies Ministry, or Internet Board, and three experts are selected and appointed by the BTK. Moreover, the principles on which the committee will work remains unclear.
On November 4, 2011, a second legal challenge was launched by Alternatif Bilişim Derneği (the Alternative Information Technologies Association), which asked the Council of State to annul the modified August 2011 BTK filtering policy on the grounds that the policy lacks legal basis. The Association further argues that the BTK system discourages diversity by imposing a single type of family and moral values.
Despite the large number of sites blocked, circumvention techniques and technologies are widely available, enabling even inexperienced users to avoid filters and blocking mechanisms. Each time a new order is issued and a popular website is blocked, a large number of articles are published to instruct users on how to access the banned websites. As a demonstration of the extent of this phenomenon, during the two and a half year block of YouTube, the video-sharing website remained the eighth most-accessed site in Turkey.[28]
Turkish users increasingly rely on internet-based publications as a primary source of news, and despite the country's restrictive legal environment, the Turkish blogosphere is surprisingly vibrant and diverse. There is a wide range of blogs and websites through which citizens question and criticize Turkish politics and leaders, including issues that are generally viewed as politically sensitive. The majority of civil society groups maintain an online presence, and social-networking sites such as Facebook, FriendFeed, and especially the microblogging platform Twitter are used for a variety of functions, including political campaigns.
In May 2011, internet users organized a major protest against the introduction of the country-wide filtering system. The protest gathered approximately 50,000 people in Istanbul who demanded freedom from filters as well as the abolishment of Law No. 5651.[29] Arguably, the protest and its associated media coverage had a huge impact on the modification of the mandatory filtering system. Thus far, however, mobile phones and SMS technology do not seem to play a large role in social or political mobilization.
The constitution includes broad protections for freedom of expression, stating that "everyone has the right to express and disseminate his thought and opinion by speech, in writing or in pictures or through other media, individually or collectively." Turkish law and court judgments are also subject to the European Convention on Human Rights and bound by the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. While thousands of websites have been blocked under Law No. 5651, there have been no prosecutions of individuals for publication of the proscribed content. There are also no laws that specifically criminalize online expression or activities like posting or downloading information, sending email, or transmitting text messages.
However, many provisions of the criminal code and other laws, such as the Anti-Terrorism Law, are applicable to both online and offline activity. In October 2011, the Anti-Terrorism law was used to prosecute journalist Recep Okuyucu for allegedly advocating terrorist propaganda by downloading Kurdish music files and accessing the blocked Kurdish Firat News Agency website.[30] He was found not guilty by a Diyarbakir court.
Article 301 of the Criminal Code has been used against journalists who assert that genocide was committed against the Armenians in 1915, discuss the division of Cyprus, or write critically about the security forces. Book publishers, translators, and intellectuals have also faced prosecution for insulting Turkish identity. Thus far, there have been no prosecutions under Article 301 for online material, but the possibility of such charges significantly contributes to self-censorship.
Nevertheless, a number of citizens have been penalized for their online activities. In February 2012, a student named Mikail Boz was subjected to a disciplinary investigation for criticizing the dean of the communications studies department at Marmara University on the popular Turkish social media platform, Sour Times. He was punished with a one-semester suspension, which was reduced to one week after his case was widely covered by the media.[31] In March 2012, Erol Ceylan, a public servant, shared a song on Facebook that prompted the publication of a number of anti-government comments on his profile. Subsequent to an administrative disciplinary investigation, he lost his job.[32]
The constitution states that "secrecy of communication is fundamental," and users are allowed to post anonymously online. The constitution also specifies that only the judiciary can authorize interference with the freedom of communication and the right to privacy. For example, judicial permission is required for technical surveillance under the Penal Procedural Law. However, the anonymous purchase of mobile phones is not allowed, and would-be buyers need to provide official identification. Turkey has yet to adopt a data protection law even though the September 2010 amendments to the Turkish Constitution included data protection provisions. In 2011, the use of encryption (hardware or software) became subjected to regulations introduced by the Information Technologies and Communication Board. Suppliers of encryption products are now required to provide private keys before they can offer their products or services within Turkey.
Despite the constitutional guarantees, most forms of telecommunication have been tapped and intercepted in practice.[33] Between 2008 and 2009, several surveillance scandals received widespread media attention, and it is suspected that all communications are subject to interception by various law enforcement and security agencies, including the Gendarmerie (military police). Some reports indicate that up to 50,000 phones—both mobile and land-line—are legally tapped daily in Turkey, and 150,000 to 200,000 interception requests are made each year. During 2009, it was alleged that phone conversations involving members of the parliament, journalists, Supreme Court and other judges, and prosecutors including the chief public prosecutor were tapped.[34]
Such actions have been challenged in court on at least one occasion. In 2008, responding to complaints lodged by the TIB, the Supreme Court of Appeals overruled a lower court's decision to grant both the Gendarmerie and the National Intelligence Agency (MIT) the authority to view countrywide data traffic retained by service providers.[35] Nonetheless, similar powers to access and monitor data traffic have been granted to the MIT and the National Police Department. Faced with criticism on the issue, the parliament in 2008 launched a major inquiry into illegal surveillance and interception of communications, though the inquiry concluded in January 2009 without finding any "legal deficiencies" in the interception regime.
ISPs are not required to monitor the information that goes through their networks, nor do they have a general obligation to seek out illegal activity. However, all access providers, including internet cafe operators, are required to retain all communications (traffic) data for one year. Administrative fines of 10,000 to 50,000 lira (US$6,400 to US$32,200) can be imposed on access providers if they fail to comply, but no ISP or other provider has been prosecuted to date.
All mass-use providers are required to use one of the filtering programs approved by the TIB, which are published on the TIB's website. However, criteria for the approval of these programs are not publicly available, and it remains unclear whether the approved programs filter websites other than the ones formally blocked by the courts and the TIB. As a result, the system could lead to systematic censorship of websites without the necessary judicial or TIB orders.
There were no reports of extralegal intimidation or harassment of bloggers or others for their online activities in 2011 and early 2012, though some internet content was believed to have contributed to the 2007 murder of Hrant Dink, the editor-in-chief of the bilingual Turkish-Armenian newspaper Agos. He had received several death threats via email, and it was reported that his teenage killer was influenced by the writings on certain ultra-nationalist websites and online forums. Such sites are not covered by Law No. 5651 and have not been subject to blocking or regulation.
Unlike physical attacks, technical attacks are becoming increasingly common. During 2011 and in early 2012, the international internet hacktivist collective known as Anonymous launched a successful distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack against the Turkish government, taking down several official government websites, including the Telecommunications Communication Presidency (TIB) website (www.tib.gov.tr) and Turkish Social Security Institution (SGK, www.sgk.gov.tr). Furthermore, Anonymous hacked a consumer complaints website run by the BTK in February 2012, and data relating to a considerable number of users was circulated through numerous websites.[36]
[1] Engelliweb.com is a website that documents information about blocked websites from Turkey.
[2] The YouTube block was lifted in November 2010 only after disputed videos were made unavailable from the country.
[3] Decision No. 2011/DK-10/91 of Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu, dated February 22, 2011.
[4] Yesim Comert, "Marchers protest new Turkish Web filtering rule," CNN, May 15, 2011, http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/05/15/turkey.internet.protest/index.html.
[5] International Telecommunication Union (ITU), "Percentage of individuals using the Internet, fixed (wired) Internet subscriptions, fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions," 2006 & 2011, accessed July 13, 2012, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx#.
[6] International Telecommunication Union (ITU), "Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions," 2011, accessed July 13, 2012, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx#.
[7] Information and Communication Technologies Authority, http://www.tk.gov.tr/Eng/english.htm.
[8] Law No 5651 was published on the Turkish Official Gazette on 23.05.2007, No. 26030.
[9] Engelliweb.com is a website that documents information about blocked websites from Turkey.
[10] Reporters Without Borders, "Telecom Authority Accused of Concealing Blocked Website Figures," news release, May 19, 2010, http://en.rsf.org/turkey-telecom-authority-accused-of-19-05-2010,37511.html.
[11] "RD.net no longer banned in Turkey!" The Richard Dawkins Foundation, July 8, 2011, http://richarddawkins.net/articles/642074-rd-net-no-longer-banned-in-turkey.
[12] Yaman Akdeniz, "Fighting Political Internet Censorship in Turkey: One Site Won back, 10,000 To Go," Index on Censorship, March 4, 2011, http://www.indexoncensorship.org/2011/03/fighting-political-internet-censorship-in-turkey-one-site-won-back-10000-to-go/.
[13] Yaman Akdeniz, Report of the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media on Turkey and Internet Censorship, January 2012, http://www.osce.org/fom/41091.
[14] "Blogspot banned in football row," BBC News, March 4, 2011, http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-12639279.
[15] Yaman Akdeniz, "Turkish Blogspot Blocking Order Has Been Revoked," CyberLaw Blog, March 14, 2011, http://cyberlaw.org.uk/2011/03/14/turkish-blogspot-blocking-order-has-been-revoked/.
[16] Several "controversial words" appeared on the list of "banned words" including: Adrianne (no one knows who she is), Haydar (no one knows who he is), aayvan (animal), baldiz (sister-in-law), buyutucu (enlarger), ciplak (nude), citir (crispy), etek (skirt), free, girl, ateşli (passionate), frikik (freekick), gay, gizli (confidential), gogus (breast), hikaye (story), homemade, hot, İtiraf (confession), liseli (high school student), nefes (breath), partner, sarisin (blond), sicak (hot), sisman (overweight), yasak (forbidden), yerli (local), yetiskin (adult), etc.
[17] Ekin Karaca, "138 Words Banned from the Internet," Bianet, April 29, 2011, http://www.bianet.org/english/freedom-of-expression/129626-138-words-banned-from-the-internet; See also, Erisa Dautaj Senerdem, "TIB's 'forbidden words list' inconsistent with law, say Turkish web providers," Hurriet Daily News, April 29, 2011, http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=tibs-forbidden-words-list-inconsistent-with-law-2011-04-29.
[18] Thomas Hammarberg, "Freedom of Expression and Media Freedom in Turkey," Council of Europe, July 12, 2011, https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1814085.
[19] European Commission, "Turkey 2011 Progress Report," Commission Staff Working Paper, October 2011, http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/key_documents/2011/package/tr_rapport_2011_en.pdf.
[20] The YouTube block was lifted in November 2010 only after disputed videos were removed or made unavailable from the country.
[21] Application No. 3111/10 by Ahmet YILDIRIM against Turkey (Google Sites) introduced January 12, 2010 and Application No. 20877/10 by Yaman Akdeniz against Turkey (Last.fm) introduced April 6, 2010. Assessment of these two cases is currently ongoing as of early 2012.
[22] Decision No. 2011/DK-10/91 of Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu, dated February 22, 2011.
[23] On September 27, 2011, the Council of State rejected the "stay of execution" request by Bianet referring to the annulment of the February 22, 2011. The case between Bianet and BTK is currently on-going as of early 2012.
[24] "New Internet Filtering System Condemned as Backdoor Censorship," Reporters Without Borders, December 2, 2011, http://en.rsf.org/turquie-new-internet-filtering-system-02-12-2011,41498.html.
[25] Dorian Jones, "Turkey Blocks Web Pages Touting Darwin's Evolution Theory," Voice of America, December 23, 2011, http://www.voanews.com/english/news/europe/Turkey-Blocks-Web-Pages-Touting-Darwins-Evolution-Theory-136162663.html.
[26] Sara Reardon, "Controversial Turkish Internet Censorship Program Targets Evolution Sites," Science Magazine, December 9, 2011, http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2011/12/controversial-turkish-internet-c.html?ref=hp.
[27] "Agos'u Biz Değil Sistem Engelledi" [AGOS was filtered through the Ministry of Education filter. See Haber Merkezi], Bianet, January 23, 2012, http://www.bianet.org/bianet/ifade-ozgurlugu/135645-agosu-biz-degil-sistem-engelledi.
[28] According to Alexa, a web information company, as of August 26, 2010, http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/TR.
[28] "Turks marched against government censorship of the Internet in Istanbul," CyberLaw Blog, July 19, 2010, http://cyberlaw.org.uk/2010/07/19/17-temmuz-2010-internette-sansuru-protesto-etmek-icin-2000-kisi-yuruduk.
[29] "Court Acquits Journalist Who Interviewed Kurdish Separatist," Reporters Without Borders, December 29, 2011, http://en.rsf.org/turkey-journalists-under-pressure-as-26-10-2011,41282.html.
[30] Isil Cinmen, "Ekşi Sözlük'e Yazdı, Okuldan Uzaklaştırıldı," Bianet, February 1, 2012, http://bianet.org/bianet/genclik/135862-eksi-sozluke-yazdi-okuldan-uzaklastirildi#.Tyk6VzET46o.facebook [in Turkish]; See also, Isil Cinmen, "Üniversiteden Geri Adım, Mikail Haftaya Okulda," Bianet, February 3, 2012, http://bianet.org/bianet/genclik/135939-universiteden-geri-adim-mikail-haftaya-okulda [in Turkish].
[31] Erol Ceylan took legal action at an administrative court to annul the decision. See, "Facebook bir hayat daha kararttı!" CNN Turk, March 2, 2012, http://www.cnnturk.com/2012/guncel/02/03/facebook.bir.hayat.daha.karartti/647658.0/index.html [in Turkish].
[32] For a history of interception of communications, see: Faruk Bildirici, Gizli Kulaklar Ulkesi [The Country of Hidden Ears] (Istanbul: Iletisim, 1999); Enis Coskun, Kuresel Gozalti: Elektronik Gizli Dinleme ve Goruntuleme [Global Custody: Electronic Interception of Communications and Surveillance] (Ankara: Umit Yayincilik, 2000).
[33] "Başsavcı Engin dinlenmiş ve takip edilmiş" [The Chief Public Prosecutor's Calls Are Tapped], Radikal, November 12, 2009.
[34] The court stated that "no institution can be granted such authority across the entire country, viewing all people living in the Republic of Turkey as suspects, regardless of what the purpose of such access might be." See, "Supreme Court of Appeals Overrules Gendarmerie Call Detail Access," Today's Zaman, June 6, 2008, http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/news-144038-supreme-court-of-appeals-overrules-gendarmerie-call-detail-access.html.
[35] "Anonymous Hacked BTK Database," Bianet, February 15, 2012, http://www.bianet.org/english/world/136178-anonymous-hacked-btk-database.


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
This is a place for my genealogy. At this time I am researching Isaac John Wardle History. He was a Mormon handcart pioneer.
Wednesday, July 18, 2012
Book Review: Church History Library
Church History: scribo to Zundle
This section of papers includes some interesting writings, Most Importantly it has excerpt from one of the autobiographies of Isaac Wardle. Of interest, which I hadn't noticed before, is Isaac's description of himself. "Being a stron[g] man and having no relatives in the company I took a sick young man (eighteen years old) in my cart." I had not noticed that Isaac referred to himself as a "strong man." Isaac would learn that being a strong man could be a curse, as he was often asked to do extra tasks. In his history he notes that he helped to bury many of those who passed away.
This (under the name scribe, tells the story of James Bleak. He was a branch president who was promised by the gift of tongues, that not one of the family would be lost. One morning, their son was discovered dead. Brother Bleak worked on him for some time, with the assurance and promise not one would be lost. He recovered, and eventually became an old man in Salt Lake.
This section includes a couple discourses from Brigham Young. One he explains that had he been in the Midwest, the tragedy would not have ahppenned as he would not have let the pioneers travel so late in the season. The Shoshone Mission journal is interesting becaue it talk of men already on the plains, who were called to help the rescue.
Sister Alice Walsh Strong talks about the hardship of guarding every night, and the toll this took on the men. Her own husband passed away.
Brother Joseph Wadsworth of the rescuers offers this description of the Martin Handcart Company at fort Bridger. "This was the saddest sight I have seen. The biggest part of them were given out and nearly frozen to death; some with their feet frozen, some with their hands frozen. It was a sight that would make one's heart ache just to look at them."
A couple of the articles in this section seem to belong with the Willie Company.
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West Denver Prep expands, announces new name
West Denver Prep announced Saturday that their charter school network has changed its name to STRIVE Preparatory Schools.
The change comes as the charter network grows from four schools to seven. Two additional middle schools, STRIVE Prep Montebello, at 11200 E. 45th Ave., Denver, and STRIVE Prep Green Valley Ranch, at 4800 Telluride St., Denver, will be opening this fall.
STRIVE Preparatory Schools will also open the network's first high school campus this fall, STRIVE Prep SMART (Science, Math & Arts Academy). The high school will open to 168 ninth graders at 3201 W. Arizona Ave. in Denver, the former site of Denver Lutheran High School.
"The new name carries special significance and symbolism because the emphasis of 'striving' for a college education and college preparation has been a key part of our mission since the first school opened in 2006," says Chris Gibbons, STRIVE Prep Founder and CEO.
STRIVE Preparatory Schools serve a total of 1,700 students in grades six through nine. An official announcement and celebration of the new name will be held on Aug. 29, at the STRIVE Prep SMART high school campus.


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An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm.
Some arrhythmias can cause problems with contractions of your heart chambers by:
An arrhythmia can occur in the sinus node, the atria, or the atrioventricular node. These are supraventricular arrhythmias. A ventricular arrhythmia is caused by an abnormal electrical focus within your ventricles. This results in abnormal conduction of electrical signals within your ventricles. Arrhythmias can also be classified as slow (bradyarrhythmia) or fast (tachyarrhythmia). "Brady-" means slow, while "tachy-" means fast.
In any of these situations, your body's vital organs may not receive enough blood to meet their needs.
An arrhythmia occurs when there is a problem with the electrical system that is supposed to regulate a steady heartbeat. With an impaired electrical system, your heart may beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly.
Many risk factors can affect the electrical system of your heart and, therefore, cause an arrhythmia. Substances including caffeine, alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs, diet drugs, some herbs, and even prescription medications can precipitate an arrhythmia. Health conditions including coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes contribute to developing arrhythmias.
The effects on the body are often the same, however, whether the heartbeat is too fast, too slow, or too irregular. Some symptoms of arrhythmias include, but are not limited to:
The symptoms of arrhythmias may resemble other conditions. Consult your doctor for a diagnosis.
There are several different types of procedures that may be used to diagnose arrhythmias. Some of these procedures include the following:
There are several variations of the ECG test:
Some arrhythmias may cause few, if any, problems. In this case, you may not need treatment. When the arrhythmia causes symptoms, you have several different choices for treatment. Your healthcare provider will choose an arrhythmia treatment based on the type of arrhythmia you have, how severe your symptoms are, and whether you have other conditions such as diabetes, kidney failure, or heart failure. These can affect the course of the treatment.
Some treatments for arrhythmias include:
Some arrhythmias have no complications. However, arrhythmias that are more serious can result in heart failure, stroke, or even cardiac arrest.
Living with an arrhythmia includes making lifestyle changes (avoiding caffeine, alcohol, or other triggers) and taking medicines as directed. It may also include having a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator inserted. If you have a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, make sure that you ask your healthcare providers about any restrictions or lifestyle changes you may need to make. Working with your provider can promote your health and well-being.
Tell your healthcare provider if:
Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your healthcare provider:
Vidant Health can connect you to health care professionals to help you understand your condition and guide you through the treatment process. Let's chat.


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Our cleaned up family garden with the remaining three kale plants in the middle of the photo. The 60+ dead heirloom tomato plants plus the 2011 corn stalks are finally pulled out! And my husband is finally grinding the dried corn from the 2011 corn and making corn bread - delicious!! - far superior to any cornmeal or cornbread mix in the stores.
The curly kale that the deer topped and ate most of the side leaves. You can see where the kale leaves are starting to grow back, little leafy nubs where each leaf was previously. Interesting, as I was cleaning up, I found tiny leaves perfectly intact on the ground. I wondered if the deer spit them out, but my husband wondered if they were just sloppy or clumsy chewers!
The large and beautiful Red Russian kale plant that we will feast on for several weeks still, even with a bit of snow predicted for tomorrow morning.
Close-up view of the Red Russian kale with rain drops from the short rain shower the night before this photo was taken the next afternoon. I was surprised by how long these drops lasted!
The Lacinato kale variety was the one plant that was completely demolished by the deer. There was no post-mortem photo of it. The solar-powered battery that powers the electric fence around our family garden failed, leading to the brazen and successful attempt to crash over (through) the fence. Thankfully the battery was still under warranty with the replacement 'in the mail'. Of course my husband still needs to replace the missing fence, just one of the many winter projects on the list. :)
I had a fleeting thought about naming our farm The 365 Day Farm, but even I thought that might sound a bit overwhelming, and I want to be here! (PS - we did take Thanksgiving Day off, so I guess we could say we are The 364 Day Farm). But wait, if we do get chickens, geese, and goats, there is no 'day off' so we would be back to The 365 Day Farm. :)
Where kale is more than decoration on my plate, 365 days of the year!
Diana Dyer, MS, RD


text: DigitalInside The Time 100 PartyBy Dylan|May 9, 2007 ShareBy Dylan|May 9, 2007 Share America Ferrera and John MayerIt's arguably the most exclusive magazine party of the year. (Graydon Carter's Vanity's Fair Oscar party perhaps being the other.) John Edwards mingled with John Mayer. Sir Richard Branson (just back from dogsledding in Alaska) commandeered the corner of the bar like a Virgin spaceship, and allowed Henry Kissinger to ride co-pilot. Craigslist's Craig Newmark chatted up Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales. New England Patriots coach Bill Belichick walked through the cocktail hour unrecognized. Michael J. Fox, too, virtually unnoticed, chatted with Elizabeth Vargas near the glass window overlooking Central Park. Arianna Huffington was noticed. (Line uttered in every pre-dinner conversation: "Is that someone? It looks like someone, I don't know … do you?")Time Warner execs like Richard Parsons and Jeffrey Bewkes buzzed along the edges as the usual media-on-media action (including Ad Age's Nat Ives, WWD's Stephanie Smith, Jossip's David Hauslaib, New York mag's Jesse Oxfeld, Gawker's Lockhart Steele and Doree Shafrir, ETP's Rachel Sklar, Glynnis MacNicol, Julia Allison, Radar's Jeff Bercovici, NYO's Michael Calderone) made nice use of the open bar.But as much firepower as there was at last night's Time 100 party at Jazz at Lincoln Center, just 36 of the 100 to make 2007's "most influential people in the world" list made it, and there were plenty of notable no-shows: No Obama. No Borat. No Queen of England. Rosie. No Leo. No Gore. No Timberlake. No Tyra.But impassioned speeches delivered over dinner by Elizabeth Edwards, Brian Williams, Bloomberg (with an ode to late Boston Celtics' exec Red Auerbach huh?) Branson and others and a three-song set by Mayer more than made up for the relative lack of A-listers.Others spotted during cocktail hour: Cate Blanchett, Mayor Bloomberg, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah of Jordan, Simon Fuller, Charlie Rose, Tina Fey, Mario Cuomo, Martha Stewart, Brian Grazer, Gayle King (no Oprah), Matt Lauer, Chris Matthews, Brian Williams, Ziyi Zhang, Police Commisioner Ray Kelly, Suzanne Vega, Harvey Weinstein, David Lauren and Lauren Bush.FishbowlNY's Coverage Of Last Year's Time 100: Inside the Time 100 Party Diddy's Time 100 Posse Bigger Than Most Posses Time 100: The Most Influential People in the RoomMore photos: Time Inc. chief Ann Moore, John and Elizabeth Edwards Sir Richard Branson and Sir Richard Stengel Sharehttp://adweek.it/2kfY7gP copy Adweek Adweek


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by Walter Fox
Dorothy Corn, 94, of Chestnut Hill, a retired bank executive and a longtime community volunteer, died Jan. 25 at Chestnut Hill Hospital.
When she retired in 1982, Ms. Corn was a vice president at what was then Fidelity Bank and was the first woman to hold that position at a Philadelphia bank.
For her service to the community that spanned several decades, she was awarded the Chestnut Hill Community Association's Benefactor Award in 1996.
At Fidelity Bank – now Wachovia – she had overseen the absorption of Farmers' National Bank in Bristol and the acquisition of Abington National Bank, and had served as a branch operations manager for the bank's Bristol, Chester and Lansdowne offices.
She had also been involved in the selection of hardware and software during Fidelity's conversion to computerized record keeping.
Ms. Corn began her banking career as a bookkeeper for the Germantown Trust Co. after graduating from Germantown High School. In 1955 she became assistant manager of bookkeeping operations at the National Bank of Germantown and later that year moved to Fidelity Bank as manager of its bookkeeping and transit operations in Chester.
In Chestnut Hill, she had been a volunteer with Town Watch and Meals on Wheels, and for 22 years had served as treasurer and informal historian of Chestnut Hill's Senior Center (now the Center for Enrichment). When she retired from the center in 2005, its board elected her as its only emeritus member.
A lifetime resident of Chestnut Hill, Ms. Corn was born in the original Chestnut Hill Hospital facility on West Gravers Lane and had lived in the same house on that street for 91 years. She attended the J.C. Gilbert Elementary School on West Highland Avenue for the first two grades and entered third grade in the newly constructed J.S. Jenks Elementary School.
She was a member of Our Mother of Consolation Church and had volunteered in the parish office, served on its Finance Committee and sung in the choir for 40 years.
Ms. Corn is survived by many nieces and nephews.
A Mass of Christian Burial was celebrated Jan. 31 at Our Mother of Consolation Church with interment in Ivy Hill Cemetery.
Memorial donations may be made to the Chestnut Hill Center for Enrichment, 8431 Germantown Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19118.


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Raymond Elementary School
The board conducts school business at regularly scheduled public meetings on the third Tuesday of each month, unless there are conflicts with other important dates. Prior to each regular meeting of the board, trustees gather the preceding Monday to preview the agenda. The public is invited to attend these meetings.
All meetings are conducted in the Board Room of the Donaldson Administration Building, 2520 W.W. Thorne Blvd., at 7:00 p.m., unless otherwise stated in a public notice. From time to time, the board convenes into executive session for reasons specified in the Open Meeting Law of the Texas State Statutes. Executive sessions are scheduled in advance of the regular meeting, except in cases of emergency in which a two-hour public notice must be given. Motions and votes resulting from the executive sessions are rendered in open session.


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Guarding your young children against pool accidents should be the first priority when having a new swimming pool built.
Installing High-Quality Baby Barrier® Pool Safety Fence in these Cities →
- Highlands County: Avon Park, Lake Placid and Sebring.
- Indian River County: Fellsmere, Indian River Shores, Orchid, Sebastian, Vero and Vero Beach.
- Martin County: Hobe Sound, Indiantown, Jenson Beach, Jupiter Island, Palm City, Port Salerno and Stuart.
- Okeechobee County: Okeechobee
- Polk County: Auburndale, Bartow, Davenport, Frostproof, Haines City, Lake Alfred, Lakeland, Lake Wales, Mulberry, Poinciana, Polk City and Winter Haven.
- Port St Lucie County: Ft Pierce, Port St Lucie and St Lucie Village.


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An article published earlier last week by the Chronicle of Higher Education discussed colleges focusing less on mobile apps for their institutions and more on mobile sites. There are so many different kinds of smartphones on the market (Blackberry, Apple, Microsoft, Google), and all run on their own apps. The more smartphone users colleges want to reach, the more kinds of apps need to be created for the different devices. This costs time, money, and requires constant updates as technology quickly evolves.
So, rather than creating mobile apps, colleges are leaning towards the idea of creating mobile websites for themselves. Mobile websites are simplified versions of sites specially made for viewing on a mobile device's web browser. Although they aren't as quickly accessible as mobile apps, one mobile site will run on any smartphone with internet access and a web browser.
Currently, the University of Washington has both iPhone and Blackberry mobile apps, as well as a mobile website: m.uw.edu.


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By Dianna Stallings, Alamogordo Daily News
RUIDOSO >> Last week, when a federal judge lifted a temporary restraining order clearing the way for the sale of 149 unbranded wild horses captured by the Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribe in northern Nevada, wild mustang advocates reacted swiftly.
Realizing the unbranded wild horses likely were bound for slaughter in Canada and Mexico, Ginger Kathrens, of the Cloud Foundation, reached out to Victoria McCullough, of the Triumph Project in Wellington, Fla. McCullough, in turn, asked Florida Sen. Joseph Abruzzo to begin negotiating with the tribe and an offer was accepted.
Behind the scenes, Kathrens said the collaborative efforts involved many groups committed to horse protection. Besides the Cloud Foundation, they include Suzanne Roy and Deniz Bolbol, of American Wild Horse Preservation campaign; Ellie Phipps Price, a northern California businesswoman; Madeleine Pickens, of Saving America's Mustang; Jim Hart, of Liberty for Horses; Sally Summers, of Horse Power; and Neda DeMayo, of Return to Freedom, who agreed to provide homes for the 149 animals, which includes 16 mares with foals.
"What an incredible, collaborative effort by all involved." Kathrens said. "Acting as a team, and with Victoria's tremendous support, we are able ensure a future for mustangs that were a heartbeat away from a long journey to slaughter."
Through the collaborative efforts of the wild horse advocacy groups and private parties, the purchase of all 149 wild horses was negotiated and the horses went to their permanent and temporary homes in California and Nevada.
Kathrens contended that the purchase would not have been necessary if officials with the U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management had fulfilled their duty to protect wild horses and burros as charged by the 1971 Wild Free Roaming Horse and Burro Act. The Wild Horse & Burro Act imposes criminal liability for "willfully" removing wild horses from public lands, converting wild horses to private use, maliciously causing the harassment of a wild horse or selling a wild horse on private land. This entire roundup should have been stopped by the two federal agencies until they determined that no wild horses would be included, she said.
Initially, the Forest Service staff planned to bankroll the helicopter roundup of horses from Forest Service, BLM and reservation land and transport horses to a slaughter auction, but the Forest Service issued a "stand down" when horse advocacy groups threatened to file suit for noncompliance with environmental regulations and violation of first amendment rights, according to a Cloud Foundation spokesman. Unfortunately, the tribe proceeded with the roundup and removal with the intention of selling all the horses at the Fallon Auction house, known for selling to kill buyers, she said.
Both Forest Service and tribal members claimed that all the horses were domestic and owned by the tribe, but after examining each of the 467 horses, 149 were discovered to be unbranded. Under the 1971 Wild Free Roaming Horse and Burro Act, "wild free-roaming horses and burros" means all unbranded and unclaimed horses and burros on public lands of the United States. The horses were rounded up in an area only a few miles from the Little Owyhee Herd Management Area.
In a brief statement last week, Forest Service officials said to prevent further damage to the rangeland ecosystem, they planned to remove 400 horses in remote parts of the forest to transfer to the Fort McDermott Paiute and Shoshone Tribe, who owned the horses. According to information from the Forest Service website, the preferred solution to overpopulation of wild horses on public land is private adoption or being sent to federally-funded sanctuaries or long-term holding facilities in Oklahoma and Kansas. With no natural predators in most areas, horse populations double every five years without population control.
Had the advocacy groups not learned about the shift in the round-up, Kathrens said she's confident that all of the horses gathered would have been transported to a slaughter auction at taxpayer expense.
"This is a blatant misuse of American taxpayer dollars," she said. "With 80 percent of Americans opposed to slaughter, why should taxpayer dollars be used to fulfill this action?"
More than 300 branded horses were sold at auction Saturday. About 150 were purchased by local residents and rescue groups, the remainder were purchased by kill buyers


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Click one of the links below to read or download any of these InfoFlyers. You will be asked to sign-in or register first. You only need to sign-in once to access all of these files (or any other premium content) during your visit to ktron.com. Registration is free, and you will be given an opportunity to create an account if you do not have one. These are PDF files and require Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Feeders, Controls and Weighing
Coperion K-Tron MT12 Twin Screw Microfeeder For Volumetric or Gravimetric Feeding of Bulk Materials at Extremely Low Rates
The Coperion K-Tron MT12 Microfeeder has been specifically designed to provide maximum accuracy at minimal feedrates, which makes it ideal for use in the chemical and pharmaceutical processing industries. This InfoFlyer examines the design features, benefits and feed rates of the MT12 microfeeder.
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Coperion K-Tron Combined Feeder / Receiver Combi Unit
The combined Feeder / Receiver unit is a combination of proven Coperion K-Tron feeding and conveying technology based on the P-Series Receivers and K2M Feeders, and was originally designed for a Gain-in-Weight application with restricted head room. This InfoFlyer explains how the unit has also been used successfully for direct loss-in-weight feeder refill where sticky or fluidizing powder could cause problems with refill valves.
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Coperion K-Tron Quick Change Single/Twin Screw Loss-in-Weight and Volumetric Feeders
This InfoFlyer explains how the Coperion K-Tron T35/S60 Quick Change Feeder was specially designed for applications requiring the maximum possible material handling changeover flexibility, along with the convenience of fast cleaning capability.
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Coperion K-Tron Smart Weigh Belt Feeder (SWB-300 and SWB-600)
The Coperion K-Tron Smart Weigh Belt (SWB) feeder offers continuous online auto tare by using two Smart Force Transducer III digital weigh modules. This InfoFlyer explains the SWB's continuous auto tare feature, advanced SFT weighing technology, as well as model sizes and feed rates offered by the SWB product line.
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Is it Time to Retrofit your K10S Controls?
Upgrade to the latest Coperion K-Tron feeding technology and performance at a fraction of the cost of new equipment. If you presently utilize Coperion K-Tron K10S Controls. chances are that your process could benefit from a free, no-obligation Retrofit Review. The K10S and K-Commander controls are now obsolete and Coperion K-Tron will have a limited supply for these controls that will only last until the beginning of 2007. Download PDF to find out "Why Upgrade", "Who Qualifies", and "Upgrade to What?".
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*Also available in Chinese, Japanese and Dutch
SmartConnex - Coperion K-Tron Feeder Controls Overview:
KCM with K-Vision
Coperion K-Tron machine controllers and operator interfaces deliver full functional flexibility and the connectivity you need. Coperion K-Tron's SmartConnex feeder control environment provides comprehensive control capability with maximum flexibility and connectivity for systems up to 30 weigh belt feeders, loss-in-weight feeders, volumetric feeders, batchers, flow meters, Bulk Solids Pump (BSP) feeders or PID controlled devices.
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Coperion K-Tron Smart Force Transducer Weighing Technology for Gravimetric Feeding, Batching and Metering
Accurate feeding, batching, and metering of bulk solids begins with precision weighing. Coperion K-Tron pioneered vibrating wire technology for the process industries, and today continues its leadership with the Smart Force Transducer II and III. The SFT II / III represent the leading edge of process weighing technology and form a solid foundation for the continuing evolution of the art and science of weighing.
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Weigh Feeder Accuracy: The Definition of Accuracy
Weigh feeder accuracy is a measure of how closely a feeder discharges material at the desired flow rate. A complete expression of accuracy includes measurements of repeatability and linearity. Repeatability measures the extent of discharge variability at a given flow rate. Linearity gauges the deviation of average flow rate over the feeder's full operating range.
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Higher Short-term Accuracy with Coperion K-Tron's Electronic Screw Speed Modulation
Single screw feeders, particularly at low rates, can have an unsteady feed rate within one revolution of the screw, resulting in mass flow pulsation. Spiral or full flight single screw feeders exhibit this pulsation more commonly than other screw configurations. Possible mechnical remedies include conical screw ends, rotating tubes, extended tubes, threaded spiral ends, paddles, etc. Depending on the application, some are feasible, others are not. Despite additional costs for these solutions, there is always a residual pulsation. It is because of this that Coperion K-Tron developed the electronic screw speed modulation algorithm.
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Feeding Equipment for Hazardous Areas: Meeting ATEX Compatible Equipment For European Standards
Most Coperion K-Tron modular screw feeders, K4G blending systems, Smart Weigh Belt feeders and Smart Flow Meters are available in ATEX compliant versions. Coperion K-Tron provides equipment that can meet area classifications according to American or European standards. This PDF highlights the area classifications that are met and the definition of what is supplied.
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Systems Engineering, Service, Test Lab
Coperion K-Tron's Testing Facilities: Helping you Optimize Your Feeding and Conveying Process
Learn more about how Coperion K-Tron conducts tests with your process materials, including determining the best configuration of feeding equipment, the best test procedure, test locations, how to make test arrangements, amount of material required, length of time for testing, and analysis and comparison of test results.
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Have a Material to Test? Looking to Automate Your Process? Fill out an online Test Request Form and tell us about your process!
Request a Material Test in Coperion K-Tron's Test Lab. Coperion K-Tron can conduct tests with your process materials to answer critical process quesitons and determine the best configuration of feeding equipment for a particular product or group of products. Click link below and fill out the online form.
Online Test Lab Request Form


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The downtown DC neighborhood is where you will find the largest cluster of affordable hotels, though the farther you move outside the city limits the cheaper the hotels will be. Be sure to note where the budget hotel you book is and what major public transportation is nearby.
There are many chain hotels in Washington DC, like The Comfort Inn, Days Inn, Best Western, and Embassy Suites offering rooms starting at $72 a night. Cheap hotels in Washington DC also range in size from the small 45 room Windsor Park Hotel to the popular 245 room Hotel Harrington. The unique Henley Park Hotel is one of the many historic Washington DC hotels you can book for the low price of $109, and families will be comfortable at the George Washington University Inn, a steal at $160. By staying in the suburbs of DC, travelers can expect to save a bit more on budget accommodation.
There is no shortage of luxury hotels in Washington DC, and if money is no object you have plenty of options for an elegant stay in Washington DC. Want to rest your head where Lincoln once lived? Perhaps you want to gaze at the White House from your hotel window? Both of these options are available when you're traveling to the capital of the USA.
The downtown neighborhood is where you will find the largest cluster of luxury hotels. Hotels like the Mandarin Oriental, Hotel Monaco Washington DC, St. Regis Washington DC, and Omni Shoreham Hotel are within walking distance of the White house and National Mall. There are also many luxury options on the other side of the Potomac: The Ritz Carlton Pentagon City is a 366-room luxury hotel close to the Jefferson Memorial. The Westin Crystal City is a good family friendly option, and Le Meridien Arlington has floor-to-ceiling windows that overlook DC.
There are over 1000 available options for Airbnb rentals in the greater DC area, and you will find everything from shared rooms to full houses. For as low as $40 a night, you can reserve a bed or couch in a shared room with a friendly local. For a bit more money choose a private room in a shared house.
If sharing with strangers isn't your thing, it is possible to find full apartments and houses that are cheaper than many luxury Washington DC hotels. Airbnb rentals are everywhere in DC, so pick a place to suit your budget, your style, and your desired neighborhood. Just like with Washington DC hotels, the farther you travel from the center of the city, the cheaper the rooms will be.
Boutique and independent hotels have become popular recently, and they are not hard to find in Washington DC. The Kimpton Boutique Hotels chain have eight hotels in downtown DC. These boutique hotels offer many perks that enhance the already fair prices, including complimentary coffee, nightly wine hour, complimentary public bikes, and pet friendly rooms. The Hotel George is one of these and in a central spot in DC. The Donovan House is another boutique option downtown and appeals to a hip crowd who likes to party at the rooftop pool. The Georgetown neighborhood has many boutique hotels as well, like the Graham Georgetown and the Melrose Georgetown.
Two airports surround DC, offering many options for staying close to catch an early morning flight. Reach both airports by DC public transportation. If flying from Ronald Reagan National Airport (DCA) the Radisson Hotel Reagan and Hampton Inn Suites Reagan are good budget options. Washington Dulles Airport (IAD) is for the international traveler, and some good hotel options are the Washington Dulles Airport Marriott, Crowne Plaza Dulles, and Holiday Inn Dulles.
Washington DC is a popular destination all year, though certain times are better to beat the crowds and get the best deals. Hotel prices tend to drop on the weekends when government business is on hiatus, which is perfect for a weekend traveler looking to score a good deal.
Traveling in March and April will allow you to see the famous cherry blossoms, but crowds and prices will be high. Certain events throughout the year rocket hotel prices and bring in more tourists: college graduations in May, the fourth of July celebration, the Presidential inauguration in January (every four years), and the Marine Corps Marathon in October. Crowds tend to dissolve in July and August when the summer heat scorches the city, and in December and January during the snowy winter. Check if there are any big conventions in the city during the time of your visit, as hotel prices will raise with the influx of people. If you know what to expect, you can make smart decisions on when you want to travel to Washington DC.
Known for the University of the same name, the Georgetown neighborhood is young and hip and full of culture. Shops, bars, and restaurants line popular M Street, where the unique mix of people (college students, politicians, members of high society) eat, drink and stroll. Its spot, smack dab on the Potomac River, was once a popular port town, and the restored historic homes highlight the remnants of it.
Saturated with restaurants, bars, nightclubs, coffee houses, hookah bars, book stores and art galleries is the Adams Morgan neighborhood just north of Dupont Circle. This neighborhood is well-connected to downtown DC and is a popular place to enjoy nightlife, boutiques, and international food. The scene is lively and hip and geared toward young professionals who work hard and play hard.
Sophisticated, glamorous, and diverse are three words to describe the Dupont Circle Neighborhood. From the people to the buildings to the activities, there is something for everyone here. Popular with recent college graduates, this neighborhood is also home to museums, historic buildings, and Embassy Row. The wide range of restaurants and activities makes it popular place to enjoy a night out in DC.
The DC Metro is a clean and convenient way to get around the city. Trains run until midnight during the week and 3:00 AM on Fridays and Saturdays. Buy SmarTrip metro cards to in the metro stations or online, and swipe them when you enter and exit the station. Fares range from $2.15-$5.90 during peak travel times and $1.75-$3.60 during off-peak travel times. It is important to know that eating on the subway is illegal in DC.
Buses are a bit more complicated than the easy subway system, but they offer another great way to get around the city. The same SmarTrip cards used on the subway are also for the buses, but only swipe once when you get on. Exact change is also accepted on the buses. Regular fare is $1.75, express bus rides are $4.00, and a bus ride to the airport is $7.
There are plenty of taxis all around the city. You can call a cab company and arrange for a pick up, but hailing a cab is as simple as stepping to the curb and waving your hand. The base cab fare is $3.27 and it costs $0.27 per ⅛ of a mile. Uber and Lyft are also popular car hire services and are often cheaper than a taxi ride.
Stressful and congested are two words that can sum up the driving situation in DC. With all the public transportation, it is easy and recommended to avoid driving in the city. Many traffic circles and one way streets are confusing to those who do not know the area well. If you absolutely have to drive in the city, it is important to note a few things. First, finding a spot to park on the street is tricky, so parking in a garage downtown is your best option. Second, there is a huge amount of bikers and pedestrians, so being more cautious than usual is important. And last, road stops and congestion can happen at any time, leaving you in gridlock for who knows how long.
Whatever medium of art intrigues you, chances are you will find something to tickle your fancy in DC. Discover historic and modern sculptures, paintings, and photographs in many of the DC art galleries and museums, and take in a performance at one of the 65 professional theaters.
Head to the National Gallery of Art for paintings, sculptures, and the only Leonardo Da Vinci painting in the US. The Phillips Collection in Dupont Circle is the first museum of modern art in America and holds many works from Matisse and Picasso. At the Smithsonian Art Museum, find paintings, photographs, and sculptures from American artists. The John F. Kennedy Center for Performing Arts, the Wolly Mammoth Theater Company, and Arena Stage are all well-known and influential leaders in the DC theater scene.
Looking to catch a professional sports game while in Washington? You are in luck, as DC has many professional sports teams. The Washington Redskins play football games at their stadium in Landover, Maryland, accessible via the metro. The baseball team, the Washington Nationals, play 81 home games a year at their ballpark in southeast DC. The Washington Wizards basketball team takes to the court in the Penn Quarter neighborhood. There are also men's and women's soccer teams, a hockey team, and a tennis team that play in DC year round.
With over 74 National landmarks, choosing what to see on your visit may seem a bit overwhelming. See how the US government runs with tours of the Capitol Building, the National Archives, and the White House. Experience history and remember lost loved ones at Arlington National Cemetery, the Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Vietnam Veteran's Memorial, and the World War II Memorial. Honor previous Presidents at the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial, and the Washington Monument. Strolling along the National Mall, a two-mile long stretch of greenery in the middle of the DC, is an enjoyable activity and provides easy access to many of these landmarks.
There are tons of things to do in Washington DC that don't even require that you open your wallet. The Smithsonian Complex has 19 museums including, The Natural History Museum, Air and Space Museum, and the National Zoo, and are all free of charge! There are also tons of parks that are free to explore and get you outside and active during your trip. The National Mall is one of those free parks.
The best way to see as much as possible during your time in DC is to visit the museums during the day then head to the monuments at night.
The city is ideal for exploring by foot, and a little research will have you understanding the layout in no time. The city is a grid; lettered streets run east to west, numbered streets are north to south, and diagonal streets (mostly named for states) intersect at circles. Having this information handy will help you easily navigate and fit in everything that you want to do.
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© 2020 Hipmunk® and Concur® Hipmunk® are trademarks of Hipmunk, Inc. and Concur Technologies, Inc.


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President Obama exercised his political power Monday evening by shooting some hoops in a Manhattan church -- less than 24 hours before he makes his U.N. General Assembly debut that'll include a meeting Tuesday with the Israeli and Palestinian leaders about stalled Mideast peace negotiations.
President Obama, who is staying at a swanky midtown hotel this week, set out on-foot around 5:45 p.m. for the indoor basketball court at Saint Bartholomew's Church on 50th Street.
Obama was dressed for the occassion in black track pants, a black fleece and a black White Sox hat. He was accompanied by his "body man," Reggie Love, who apparently was also his opponent.
U.S. & World
Stories that affect your life across the U.S. and around the world.
When asked "Who's gonna win?" the president replied, "Ask Reggie how he did last time!"
Tuesday is a big day for President Obama, who is due to meet with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas on the sidelines of the General Assembly.
Mr. Obama will also deliver his first address as president to the U.N. General Assembly on Wednesday, and he is scheduled to chair a special session of the U.N. Security Council about nuclear non-proliferation Thursday.
The president might have had another reason for the workout: He came face to face with embattled New York Gov. David Paterson on Monday -- just days after it was leaked that he wants Paterson to stand down during the 2010 election.


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The original Train/Defend.
More than good enough for defense and affordable enough to practice with.
Fired 250 rounds through a brand new 84fs. No issues.
This is the only ammo that will work with both Desert eagle 44mag and the Ruger 44 mag carbine.
No way you can go wrong with Ordering from Able you well find out their no ( 1 ) folks to deal with they carry best of products & price.
Well I must admit,i made this order before reading a lot of negative reviews about ables,and I thought lordy I'm going to run into all kinds of problems with this company,even thought about calling and cancelling the order.I did call and confirm the order on that Monday with a lady named Danielle,she checked the order number and came back to me and told me that they were in stock and would ship today,so I wasn't about to cancel my order,because this lady seemed very nice,surely not rude as some of the other negative reviews had stated.I placed my order at 7:32 AM on march,30 2014 on a Sunday,I received my order on Thursday april 3,2014 at 10:42 AM,UPS notification was sent on Monday when they were shipped,even though the site said allow 2 to 5 business days to ship and allow 24 hrs.for UPS to update there info.well it was one business day,I appreciate that,you can't do any better than that w/o paying for next day air shipping.I also like the fact that they use UPS instead of Fedex,because UPS takes better care of there packages,every time I ever got a delivery from Fedex the box was damaged.And concerning the box,the package was wrapped very well with heavy Styrofoam to protect the shells from damage,they even use there own name logo on their box tape,now you know that cost extra,but it's the little things like that that count.the shells were in perfect condition,the manafactures box was sealed and had never been opened.And for the reviews that said there was other sites that had these cheaper,i would like to know where they looked,because I do a lot of research when I buy something,sometimes two or three days on one product,and you cannot beat this price,and furthermore this site was one of very very few that even had these shells most of them were out of stock.Even with the cost of shipping these shells would be a lot cheaper than the gun shops in my area,and walmart they just don't hardly stock anything like this.But yes you have to pay for shipping if you buy online,but one thing is for sure,if you find a good company like Ables that keeps products in stock and tries to help people,and care about there business,and their customers,then you can at least be able to get your product,you don't have to hear,i don't have that and I don't know when i'll get it,or I have never stocked anything like that.And even if they did have them it would be a very high price.I have not tested these shells before writing this review,but I am confident that they will be just fine.So to me Ables is a fine company to do business with,I would give them six stars if I could.
Thanks John Gillman
Williamson WV


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Toyo is one of the leading tyre manufacturers worldwide and is represented in more than 100 countries and regions. Established in 1945, the headquarters of the business is in Osaka, Japan. Toyo Tyres has been present in Europe for over thirty years. The core business of Toyo tyres is the development, manufacture and marketing of high-value, high performance tyres.
Designed for sports cars, powerful saloons and coupes, the Proxes T1-R meets the need for high-speed stability and excellent handling in dry and wet conditions, while retaining low noise and optimum driving comfort. This new tyre takes advantage of modern design technology and provides stable steering response and traction thanks to the improved tread pattern design, resulting in superb braking performance as well as improved wear resistance.
G Grade – The worst tyres for fuel efficiency – uses 7.5% more fuel than grade A tyres when fitted in a set of 4* However there may in some cases be a good reason why the rolling resistance is higher, for example where tyres are specifically designed for more grip, such as sports car tyres or winter tyres.
*(European Commission's impact assessment SEC (2008) 2860)
E Grade – Below average quality tyres to stop in the wet, stopping a further 9m more than a car on grade A tyres but on average 9m shorter than a car on grade G tyres (on a wet road when braking from 50mph – testing according to regulation EC1222/2009)
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Obituary: Eleanor Jean Noble
Eleanor Jean Noble was born May 16, 1930 in Marysville, CA. She passed away on Monday, January 21st, 2013 at Rideout Hospital.
Eleanor is survived by her son, William "Billy" Noble of Marysville, CA, her daughter Karen Jarvis and her husband Greg, and their four children, Hayden, Hanna, Holly and Harrison, all of Penryn, CA, and her daughter Carol Noble and her partner, Standley Jacobs of Dobbins, CA, and Carol's son, Bryson Noble-Olson of Truckee. Also a "brother-in-law", Mac McDonald and a niece, Janice Jean Smith and her husband Alan Smith of Salinas, CA.
Eleanor graduated from Santa Rosa High School in 1948. She spent in excess of 30 years in Truckee, CA. Eleanor and her late husband Carl, were vary active with the Donner Ski Ranch as she and the family all loved to ski.
Eleanor did receive a Masters in Gardening from UNR, of Reno, Nevada in the early '90's. Eleanor designed and built her own home in Truckee and in 1989 her home and garden were featured in Sunset Magazine. Eleanor moved back to Yuba City as she loved the community and to be closer to her children and grandchildren.
A celebration of her life will be held Saturday, February 9th, at her home located at 1481 Tradewind Drive, Yuba City, 95991 at 1:00 p.m.


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Bottled Up Designs Pink Depression Glass Rectangle Pendant
Brand: bottled Up designs
See more: Jewlery
This lovely pale pink glass was manufactured in great quantities during the 1930's and 1940's becoming known simply as Depression Glass. Popular for the delicate color and beautiful embossing patterns, this glass is now treasured by collectors worldwide. The glass in these pendants has been reclaimed from broken pieces taken from old glass dumps from natural wooded habitats and rural farmlands in an effort to help the environment and protect the wildlife.
The broken pieces of various dishware have been reclaimed and hand cut to 5/8" in width, x 1 1/2" in length, wrapped in sterling and hangs on your choice sterling chain. Due to the handmade nature of the product and antique glass, expect variations in the glass and the embossing pattern, but each piece will bear the original embossing so popular from that era in history.
Every piece of Bottled Up Designs comes with "The Story of the Glass" detailing what the glass was originally and the age of the piece in an effort to preserve the history of the glass while helping the environment.


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Hi All,
Just joined the forum after picking up an old Sneakbox. I live a mile or so from Barnegat Bay on the NJ shore. Sneakboxes were pretty common at one time. I found this one hanging in a barn. It had been there for nearly twenty years. I only got it since the owner had passed away and the property was being sold - everything had to go. Anyway the boat itself is in pretty good condition; mast, boom, gaff, rudder, etc. are all solid
I'm intrigued by an old wood boat. I did build a cedar strip kayak from Nick Schade's book, so I do have some wood-working skills, but I don't have a lot of knowledge or experience with restoring an older boat. I need rigging and a sail. I've been trying to track down a sail locally, but no luck so far. Now that winter is almost behind me, I'm looking forward to try to get the boat on the water.
So, advice and suggestions are much appreciated.


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Reports out of China claim Apple is cutting back on iPhone 4S parts orders because consumer demand is dropping off. Those reports are wrong, according to UBS analyst Maynard Um, and his checks show iPhone 4S demand is still going strong.
The report Mr. Um referenced was from the Commercial Times out of China. According to the article, unnamed sources said Apple told iPhone parts suppliers to delay their shipments from the fourth quarter of 2011 to the first quarter of 2012 because of weakening sales.
Customers line up for the iPhone 4S in San Francisco
"We believe the Commercial Times report is without merit and believe iPhone 4S demand is not an issue," Mr. Um said. "Our recent checks indicate that iPhone 4S is still selling out and experiencing 1-2 week waits for online orders with demand also driven by accelerated carrier/country launches."
He added that parts suppliers "have very recently indicated strength into [the calendar fourth quarter], which would be counter to weakening demand."
Apple began selling the iPhone 4S in the U.S. and a handful of other countries on October 14, and managed to sell over 4 million units during the first weekend of availability. The company expanded sales into 22 more countries on October, and already has 15 more countries lined up for November.
iPhone 4S pre-orders sold out in Hong Kong in about 10 minutes, adding to the notion that demand for Apple's newest combination iPod and smartphone isn't waning.
Mr. Um is maintaining his "Buy" rating and US$510 target price for Apple's stock. Apple is currently trading at $397.57, down 8.66 (-2.13%).


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Long post ahead. Here's what we did on our trip to California, along with tons of pics (click the pic to view it larger). I tried to save you by not posting too many "scenic" pics, but mostly pics that had us in them. I honestly didn't take *that* many pics on this trip and didn't get artistic with any of them. It was hard not having my camera of choice with me. ;oP
(Also, a disclaimer to all my veggie readers… I figure some of you probably missed the post where I said that I'm no longer vegetarian so I wanted to say it again so it doesn't come as a shock to you all that I'm eating poultry and fish. I decided to follow what my body tells me I need with this pregnancy. I'm still cooking primarily vegetarian meals at home, but if I'm at a restaurant and I want chicken or fish, I order it.)
Wednesday, May 17, 2006
We caught our flight at 5:22 p.m. from Denver to San Jose. Ava did great on the plane. We sat next to a very nice, friendly woman who enjoyed talking with and entertaining Ava for a good part of the flight. The view as we flew over the Rockies was amazing.
We picked up our rental car but the agent had trouble finding the right size carseat for Ava. She finally tracked one down but it didn't have all the parts and, because of this, we weren't able to fully secure it in the car. Arg.
After some confusion with our room at the Hotel Avante in Mountain View, we got checked into the right room. By that time it was after 9 and we hadn't yet eaten dinner so we headed out in search of something. I spotted a Baja Fresh (Mexican grill food) and remembered reading good things about it on Julie's blog, so we stopped for dinner. It was really good and reminded us a lot of Wahoo Fish Tacos (but better because they had fresh guacamole and avocado slices, mmmm).
Thursday, May 18, 2006
Jody got up early to go into work at Google for a few hours before they went out for a team building trip horseback riding, with a tour of a vineyard and dinner.
Ava and I got up and ready and went out to breakfast at Denny's. After that, we went to Shoreline Park where we went for a walk, watched geese and Ava threw sticks and rocks into a lake.
Then we picked up some lunch and headed back to the hotel for a nap.
That evening, after Jody got home, we went out to dinner at Frankie, Johnny, and Luigi's for some awesome pizza. We stopped at Baskin Robin's for some shakes on the way back to the hotel.
Friday, May 19, 2006
Jody went into work again, while Ava and I slept in. Then we got up and ready for the day. I packed up our things and we checked out of the hotel. Then we drove up to the "Googleplex†to join Jody for lunch in the cafeteria. It was a bit overwhelming. There were so many foods to choose from. I ended up having a big salad (loaded with avocados) and some Indian food.
Then Jody took us on a little tour and introduced us to some of the people on his team and in the area he works while out in CA. The campus is so big, your first time there is kind of like being a freshman back at college. Ava wowed everybody with her cutiepie charm.
Jody went back to work for a little while, and Ava and I headed over to a Trader Joe's to check it out since I've heard many good things about them. I don't know it they are all pretty small, but the one we found was on the small side (IMO). It seemed like a great store though and definitely reasonably-priced. We bought some organic strawberries and ate a few in the car.
Then we picked up Jody and started our drive to San Francisco. Traffic was horrendous at 4:30 p.m. (go figure). Unfortunately, Ava was really tired at that point and was having a hard time falling asleep in the car. She did get to nap for a little while, but not as long as she (or we) would've liked.
Jody dropped us off at the Argent Hotel while he went to take back the rental car. Ava and I got checked in and went up to our room on the 26th floor. The room was very nice. We had a lovely view of the city and could see the Bay Bridge from our window, as well as a little bit of Alcatraz.
After chilling in our room for a bit, we walked over to Chinatown for dinner. At the recommendation of the hotel concierge, we went to the Great Eastern Restaurant. Our dinner consisted of egg rolls, vegetable fried rice, sweet and sour chicken and cashew chicken, with orange slices for dessert. It was all delicious. That brings us to the present, where we are back in our hotel room. Chinatown was bigger than I thought it would be, with lots of neat looking shops. I hope to stop back in there another time to browse a bit.
Saturday, May 20, 2006
What a busy day!
We started it off by heading to the Farmer's Market at the Ferry Building. It's definitely an impressive farmer's market.
We walked out to the water and stopped for a peanut butter cookie before catching the trolley up to the Fisherman's Wharf/Pier 39 area.
We stopped to look at the sea lions (which Ava originally called "dogs†– from all of the barking, of course – LOL).
Then we had lunch at a restaurant – Neptune's Palace – overlooking the sea lions and bay. I had a salad and bread bowl of clam chowder soup and Jody had fish and chips. We also split some crab cakes (which Ava devoured).
After lunch we decided to take a ferry ride that goes around Alcatraz and under the Golden Gate Bridge. By that point, Ava was getting sleepy, but she did ok on the boat.
There was a group of Asian women on the boat who were totally enamored with Ava. A couple of them gave us "treats" to give to her, but if I couldn't read the writing on the package (it was Korean I think), I wasn't going to give it to her. Still nice of them though. There was also an Asian man on the boat ride who was using his electric razor to shave his face while we were out on the water. Strange. I took his picture. 😉
After the boat ride, we had a heck of a time finding a bus that would get us back to our hotel, so we ended up waiting 45 minutes to catch the historic trolley.
Ava was so tired at that point that she actually fell asleep on the trolley, despite it being quite loud with the trolley car driver ringing the bell left and right.
We hung out for a bit in the hotel, then decided to head out for some "American fare†(we got some suggestions from the hotel concierge) for dinner. First we walked over to the Metreon, but none of the restaurants there appealed to us. We did, however, pass a new cream puff place on the way and figured we'd head back there for dessert after dinner.
After walking around way too much and still not finding anything that sounded good, we came across Tad's Steakhouse. It was very reasonably priced at like $6 a meal, though seemed a little shady, but we decided to stop anyway. We ended up getting a tuna melt and a turkey melt, both came with a baked potato and salad, and it was all, surprisingly, quite good. It was nice to only spend $15 on a tasty dinner after dropping at least $40 on previous meals.
We tried going back to the cream puff place for dessert, but they had closed at 8. So we walked around some more (and saw another guy stick-shaving his face in the middle of the sidewalk – what's up with that?), finally stopping in a 7-11, which was just about the only thing open, for some Ben and Jerry's ice cream, which we took back to our room.
Sunday, May 21, 2006
We got up this morning and caught a bus over to the Haight-Ashbury area (known for it's huge hippie population in the '60s), where we had a late breakfast at a place called All You Knead (recommended to me by Amy). I got poached eggs covered with avocado slices and Hollandaise sauce on English muffins and Jody got an omelette. Both came with potatoes too. We split it all with Ava. The food was awesome.
After eating, we walked along Haight street for a bit and stopped in a few stores, before it started sprinkling rain on us. We had planned to go to Golden Gate Park, and walked in it for a little ways, because I really wanted to see the Japanese Tea Garden, but the rain kept coming down harder and harder so we decided to head back. By the time we left the park, it was a downpour and we were soaked. Ava had the umbrella over her stroller so she was kept partially dry, but Jody and I were drenched.
We caught a bus into the Mission district, then had to get off there and wait for another 20 minutes for another bus to get us back to our hotel. The wait outside was quite cold and it continued to rain.
On our walk back to the hotel, we stopped at that cream puff shop from yesterday (Beard Papa's – it's Japanese) and picked up some cream puffs to take back to the room. They were tasty.
We got changed into dry clothes and Ava and I took a nap while Jody went out and bought himself a Play Station Portable. (I guess I shouldn't leave him alone when he's within walking distance of a Sony store. Oy.)
After our naps, we caught another bus to Little Italy where we had dinner at Caffe DeLucci. Jody got ravioli and I got fettucine with seared Ahi Tuna. Yummy! We all split a cannoli for dessert.
Then we headed back outside to catch the bus back to our hotel, I would've liked to walk around a bit, but it was raining again. On our walk back to the bus stop, a car came within inches of hitting Ava's stroller (that she was in) and my leg. They just kept on driving too like they didn't even see us. Thankfully, we were OK, but it was pretty scary.
Monday, May 22, 2006
(Ava playing in bed before getting up for the day.)
We got up and dressed and packed up our things before walking over to a little restaurant called Oh La La for some lunch (which we took back to our room). Jody got a chicken salad wrap and I got a falafel sandwich. We also got some of those "Naked" drinks. They are expensive but quite tasty and mine (which was a protein blend) had something like 37g of protein in it. Wow.
(One last pic in our hotel room.)
After eating our lunch and gathering up our things, we checked out of our hotel and caught a bus to the CalTrain station. We got our train tickets, and caught the train to Santa Clara where we then caught a bus over to the San Jose airport.
Once at the airport, we still had a good 2 1/2 hours before our flight so Ava played a bit in a kids' play area and we got some lunch and let Ava run around.
The flight back to Denver had a lot of turbulence over the Rocky Mountains, but Ava slept for the last half of the flight, which was good – she needed to get a nap in.
It's good to be home and getting back into our routine. 🙂
All in all it was a really nice trip. California is a beautiful state and I can definitely see the appeal of living there (avocados – wink, wink), but I still prefer Colorado. 🙂 While having some humidity in the air was nice out there, I guess I've grown accustomed to the dryness here.
It would've been nice if the weather cooperated the whole time we were in SF, because we would've gotten to see more of the city, but c'est la vie. I am sure we could've spent several more days there and still not seen everything we wanted to. (And we would've gone broke trying! LOL)
Thanks to everyone for their suggestions and help with things to do while in CA. I appreciate it! 🙂
As an aside, Jody and I were talking about how well-traveled our li'l kid is. Just on this trip alone she rode on a plane, boat, bus, trolley and train (the boat, bus, trolley and train were all a first for her). It took me 31 years to get to the western U.S. coast and Ava's been to both coasts before her 2nd birthday. I guess the world is a smaller place now than it used to be.