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So, what exactly is involved in calculating solar panels cost in Ocean View Hills? When thinking about solar power very few people know the way the cost of solar panel systems is actually measured. Or even, for that matter, do we automatically grasp the connection relating to the cost of solar power and the value of solar power. We all know that gasoline prices are in dollars per gallon. We likewise are all aware of approximately how far we'll be able to drive after spending 40 bucks for a tank of gas. In contrast to a tank of gas, the value of which can be consumed pretty much instantly, solar panels deliver their value across a period of time.
Ocean View Hills 3 Undervalued Solar Leaders
SolarCity Stock Should Continue to Rise As Solar Becomes More Affordable
Energy is one of the world's largest sectors in the market; therefore energy stocks comprise a large amount of the portfolios of institutional and individual investors. Oil, of course, is the largest in the energy sector at roughly 36%, followed by natural gas at 24%. Interestingly one of the most talked about sources of energy, solar energy, still only comprises one quarter of one percent of today's energy supply. However those numbers should shift upward over the next decade as witnessed by last year's 86% growth in the solar industry. In the U.S, solar energy consumption grew by nearly 34% reaching 0.212 quadrillion Btu. Bloomberg New Energy Finance predicts that solar will gain 24%, second largest share of new power capacity behind wind power, added in terms of GW by 2030.
Though the "green" movement does play a role to some extent, what may actually be driving the shift toward solar energy in residential and commercial buildings may be simple economics. People want to use cleaner energy to run their houses or businesses, but most are not willing to spend the extra money, or simply do not have the financial means to pay the extra costs to convert to solar. In 2005, solar panels typically cost $3.50 per watt of power, however, by 2012 prices had tumbled to 75 cents a watt, and some experts predict the prices will continue to fall, making it more cost effective for the consumer to have installed on their home or business.
But buying and installing solar panels is still costly, and could take upwards of twenty, for solar to pay for it. That's why the biggest shift in solar has come from companies leasing the panels to the customer and selling them the electricity at a reduced price compared to what the utility companies charge. It appears to be a win - win situation; as the industry has appeared to overcome a major obstacle eliminating the large upfront costs, and the solar company that leased and installed the panels makes money selling back the energy to the customer. For that reason, I believe the money to be made by the investors might be better placed in companies that buy the panels and install them, then have the customers lease them, thus making it affordable to the consumer.
That is what SolarCity (SCTY), a San Mateo CA company does. SolarCity designs, installs and sells or leases solar energy systems to residential and commercial customers, then sells the electricity generated by the solar energy systems back to customer at 10% to 20% less than the utility companies. And its business model appears to have attracted plenty of investors, as witnessed by the stocks run-up of over 250% since its December 2012 public offering.
In June, SolarCity announced the launch of a Zero-Down solar financing program for the home building industry, giving builders the opportunity to offer solar in new residential communities without the builder or the new homeowner incurring any upfront costs. In the first five months of 2013, the total kilowatts [KW] of SolarCity's installations for new home builder construction grew by more than 300% compared to the same period the previous year. Through its Homebuilder Partner Program, SolarCity has formed partnerships with over 30 national and regional home builders in 125 communities across the U.S.
According to Walter Cuculic, SolarCity's national manager of Builder Programs:
Home builders today are investing heavily in adopting green construction practices and solar is a linchpin in the success of a modern, energy efficient home. SolarCity's full-service offering and our new Zero-Down financing option helps home builders meet their aggressive construction timelines and stay within their budgets, and solar will save money for the homebuyer on their energy bills for years to come.
The company's initiative, where it plans to build more than $1 billion in solar projects to provide power to up to 120,000 military homes in the United States, continues to show success. On July 23rd SolarCity announced plans to add 12.8 megawatts of new solar generation capacity for up to 7,500 military homes at Lend Lease-managed Island Palm Communities throughout the island of Oahu. SolarStrong projects are already underway at nine other military bases throughout the U.S.
SolarCity was chosen by Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (NYSE:WMT) to install solar panels in 60 stores in California. SolarCity will own and maintain the solar power systems, and has added more than 500 new full-time employees since it initiated its first Wal-Mart solar project, and expects to hire hundreds more employees before year's end. Wal-Mart's solar power initiative will total more than 130 stores by the close of 2013.
Mack Wyckoff, senior manager of renewable energy at Wal-Mart, commented on the solar project:
Our solar efforts in California have proven to be a great way for Wal-Mart to build our renewable energy program. We are confident that we will continue to grow our solar energy program in the U.S. and around the world because of the initial success we have had in California.
While the business model and growth all sound positive, and SolarCity, which has a $3.12 billion market capitalization, has seen its customer base rise 106% year-over-year to over 57,400 and though the company increased its long-term contracted cash flow to $1.22 billion, it has yet to turn a profit. The reason is that though leasing the solar panels has shown to be the most successful method to attract clients, the long term leasing model requires upfront costs for the panels and the instillation, thus the company does not see any profits until the customer base expands enough to produce offsetting lease income. However, with panel prices continuing to drop, the company's upfront costs will drop as well. According to Kevin Landis, manager of the Firsthand Alternative Energy fund, in reference to SolarCity's business model:
When the price of panels goes down, their business gets better. The sweet spot is buying the panels and owning the output.
SolarCity stock closed on Wed. July 31 at $41.35 per share. For the first quarter of 2013, core operating lease revenue rose 85% to $15.1 million compared to $8.1 million in the first quarter of 2012. Total revenue grew 21% year-over-year to $30.0 million. Gross Profit rose 25% to $12.7 million, up from $10.1 million in the first quarter of 2012. Total operating expenses, however, rose $34.5 million in the first quarter compared to $24.7 million in the first quarter of 2012, due in part to the continued investments in development capabilities. For the second quarter 2013, SolarCity expects operating lease revenue to come in be between $16 million - $18 million, with solar energy systems sale revenue between $5 million - $10 million, and an operating expenses to be between $38 million - $42 million.
SolarCity does have its competitors like the larger SunPower (NASDAQ:SPWR), a high quality solar panel producer based in San Jose, CA, that designs, manufactures and delivers solar panels and systems to residential, business, government and utility customers. SunPower has also built its leasing business to be the largest U.S. both residential and commercial, and globally the company has installed over 100,000 residential systems. Shares of SunPower have had an amazing run year to date, up 391%. After hours on July 31st, the company reported net income for the second quarter of $19.6 million or $0.15 per share, compared to a net loss of $84.2 million or $$0.71 per share for the same quarter last year. SunPower forecasts for the third quarter adjusted revenue of $550 million to $600 million and adjusted earnings of $0.15 to $0.35 per share. For fiscal 2013 the company expects adjusted revenue of $2.5 billion to $2.6 billion and raised its adjusted earnings from $0.60 to $0.80 per share to $1.00 to $1.30 per share. On August 1st, shares of SunPower dropped 10% on high volume to $25.20 in mid-day trading.
Solar power in residential and commercial is clearly on the rise with plenty of room to grow. Interestingly, what might accelerate the growth is that instructional investors have not gobbled up solar company shares; roughly 20% of SunPower shares are held by institutional investors, and only 17% of SolarCity is owned by institutional investors.
While I think both SolarCity and SunPower have the potential to continue to see their stocks rise significantly in the next few years, what I like about SolarCity is that it does not manufacture the solar panels, so it does not have to compete with the Chinese manufacturers. SolarCity focuses primarily on the design, installation, the finance and the management of the system. Though with the high run up on both companies, I would like to see the stocks dip on some profit taking for a better entry price.
Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it. I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.


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UK.gov urged to rethink education super-database
Wrong approach to student single ID?
UK plans to build an education super-database in which everyone from age 14 is given a single ID number should be put on hold, according to a collection of academics, businessmen and local government officials.
In a letter sent the House of Lords Science and Technology committee, the 12 individuals, who come from, among others, Cambridge University, BT, Sunderland City Council and Virgin Mobile, have argued that the Department for Education and Skills should delay awarding the contract later this month because it is approaching the whole issue from the wrong direction.
The "Managing Information Across Partners" (MIAP) programme (www.miap.gov.uk) is an attempt to link all schools, colleges, training providers and universities across the UK to one database and so save on duplication costs.
But this requires the DfES to build and run a single super-database and that is the wrong approach, the letter warns. Instead of storing all the information in one central location (with the DfES deciding who can access what), it should be up to individuals themselves to supply their information, the letter argues.
The analogy is showing your exam certificates to an employer or your driving licence to a car-hire company, rather than have those companies go direct to government for proof.
But the discussion has broader overtones in that it asks central government to accept a new philosophy of interacting with its citizens through accepted third-parties rather than build its own store of information.
The company that has been pushing this concept unsuccessfully for a number of years, Edentity, also argues that while a central database may be suitable for a project such as the proposed national ID card scheme, for the DfES to take the same approach alters the autonomous relationship that colleges and universities traditionally enjoy.
Since supplying information such as qualifications is a positive action (instead of, say, withholding a criminal record), a system where the individual has control of that information is more logical and avoids the pitfalls of a central database such as privacy concerns and a single point of failure, Edentity argues.
But the DfES remains concerned about the potential for abuse. How can it be sure that people are who they say they are? Can it rely on third-parties to run proper checks?
Problems with the "Personal Information Brokerage" approach are not yet ironed out but so many things have changed during the four-year consultation process, the argument goes, that it may be best to hold off building the new database until all options can be looked at afresh.
More people are connected to computer networks than ever before. There are new computer standards designed specifically for identity (one, Cardspace, comes as standard with Windows Vista). And then there is the recent chequered history of government departments running central databases - only this month the Home Office was embarrassed to find it had failed to add 27,500 criminal files to its database.
Is a third-party broker approach a better solution? Possibly, possibly not. But the argument is that it is worth having a second look before going down a single route.®
Sponsored: Detecting cyber attacks as a small to medium business

subset: commoncrawl


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Induction units with medium-frequency technology
Unlike induction heating devices, induction units with medium-frequency technology are not only suited for heating prior to mounting, but also for removal. They can also be used to heat up very large and heavy components.
Adequate expansion of the bearings is achieved in most cases at +80 °C to +100 °C. During the heating operation, the maximum heating temperature must be observed. The temperature of rolling bearings must not normally exceed +120 °C in order to prevent changes to the structure and hardness of the bearing. In all devices for heating, the temperature can be steplessly controlled.
This equipment can likewise be used in mobile applications thanks to its high flexibility and compact design. It can therefore be used, for example, at construction sites for wind turbines or for other large components that are difficult to transport.
The equipment comprises a generator and inductor that is positioned on the workpiece. A rigid or flexible inductor is used, depending on requirements. Flexible inductors can be fitted in the bore or on the outside diameter of the workpiece, depending on the application in question. Flexible inductors are suitable for heating up bearing inner races and large components such as machine carriers in wind turbines. The length of the inductor is determined in relation to the dimensions of the workpiece.
Rigid inductors are especially well suited to series production as here, it is not so much flexibility that counts, but short setup times and high process reliability.
The advantages of the heating device with medium frequency technology are as follows:
- Suitable for mounting
- Suitable for dismounting
- Operating frequency from 10 kHz to 25 kHz
- Efficiency of the generator greater than 90%
- Low energy requirements
- Short heating times
- Time and temperature-based control as well as additional operating modes
- Automatic demagnetization
- Flexible and rigid inductors possible
- Inductors can be used either inside or outside component
- Lower mains connection power than heating devices with mains frequency
- Almost silent
- Air-cooled system


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Ubisoft's new Call of Juarez game, the one that features modern day cowboys and a Mexican drug war, has a new trailer, full of adult language, graphic violence, strip clubs, cockblocks and other things that may render it NSFW.
But this new preview for Call of Juarez: The Cartel will get you up to speed on Techland's big action adventure, due to hit the PlayStation 3, PC and Xbox 360 sometime this summer. If gang members, car chases and catchphrase cliches aren't your thing—maybe you're an Old West era Call of Juarez fan—The Cartel may not be for you.
However, if you're looking for more games featuring barely clothed pole dancers this summer, know that Duke Nukem Forever isn't the only ticket in town.
Again, there's some objectionable content in here, so watch with caution.


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In 1881 the land for this cemetery was purchased, and the first customer arrived in 1884, a Civil War vet who had recently moved to town. This is a lovely, shady, raised burial park with fortified walls and a wrought-iron railing. It also has a new memorial "shed" with touch- screen information on the residents. The curving paths connect the cemetery's 2.5 acres with Sierra Madre's community park, creating a nice flow from this world to the next and back again.
553 Sierra Madre Blvd., Sierra Madre


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NISE Network product
A Study of Communication in the NISE Network (Network Communication Study), conducted during the sixth year of the grant, sought to learn how the four primary communication components that were developed in the first 5 years of NISE Net (NanoDays, face-to-face meetings, the regional hub structure, and the nisenet.org website) are functioning within the Network. In particular, the study explored how these components communicate information, ideas, and practices related to NISE Net between and within the three Network tiers.
Product category


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Calling a girl's attention can seem as challenging as climbing Mount Everest, but it does not have to be that way! Follow these methods to capture the attention of a special girl and become irresistible.
Method 01
Get attention with your personality
Be funny without being rude. Everyone likes to laugh, that's why making a girl laugh can be a good way to get her attention. This does not mean you have to become a comedian like Jim Carrey, but you need to find out what your best type of humor is. It's good to remember that you do not have to be funny every second, but adding a bit of humor to a conversation is a good way to make the girl interested in you.
- No matter what kind of humor you use, waiting for the girl to laugh is not a good idea. The humor and spontaneous humor that only stops for a moment is a way to do it. If she thinks it's funny, she'll laugh. Do not expect her to laugh out loud at your jokes, and never say something like "oh, did not you find that funny?" If she does not laugh because you'll create a discomfort hard to cope with.
- Do your homework. If you think you're not funny naturally, watch the TV comedians or study the funny characters in the movies. Look how they make jokes, but do not memorize them and then repeat them because it seems somewhat rigid and unnatural.
- Use circumstantial humor. Although expressing fun or witty witty phrases can make a girl laugh, try to improve your mood by commenting on your situation or environment in a fun way.
- Laugh when you think something is really funny. Avoid false laughter, since it is usually easy to notice. A great real laugh can be something very attractive.
- Do not use discourteous humor. Although soft jokes can be fun at first, use them sparingly because no girl wants to spend the whole night with a boy who discourages her with her words; even, if he meant it in a funny way. On the other hand, modest humor (in which you make fun of yourself) can make the girl feel comfortable because you show her that you have enough confidence in yourself to laugh at you.
Give your best in what interests you. If you show passion in whatever you do, you are more likely to receive more than just a few feminine looks. Being passionate and good at something is attractive, since it shows that you are interested in something more than yourself and that you are hardworking and passionate. Also, you can see that you have an ambition and that you not only want to be part of something, but you want to be the best you can.
- If you are part of a sports team, work hard to be the star or captain of the team. If you belong to a debate club, give your best to lead the debates. If you are in art or photography classes, do not be afraid to show your artistic side and skill.
- Do not hide what you like. If you are happy, confident and enthusiastic, people will begin to be interested in what you are interested in. Do not act as if you hate what you really like, just act like it's not the big deal and show the real fun parts of what you like.
Show him that you are a little emotional. You do not have to cry openly if a sad topic comes up, but make sure you do not look like an emotionless machine when you're with her; This applies when you talk about how it made you feel something. Saying things like "that movie we watched today in class made me consider how it must have felt to be stuck in the Titanic. It is something dark and sad to think ", will show the girl that you have compassion; You can also tell how others feel and feel things yourself.
Show good manners many girls like kind and attentive guys. Do not do or say things that many people consider offensive, including cursing and making jokes or sexist, racist comments, etc. If you act like a gentleman, showing your respect towards the woman, and other people in general, the girls are more likely to prefer your company.
- Saying things that you know will offend someone is not a good way to make or keep friends. It may seem cool to your friends, but it is a true disenchantment for most girls. It is easy to underestimate something, but it is much harder to believe in something. Be a man and believe in something.
Show him that you have a sense of adventure. You do not have to be the captain of a ship or a world-class mountaineer, but you have to be willing to do almost anything. Invite her to excursions, to camps, to rest in the nearest city; It flows with the changes if you are with her and something exciting comes up.
Respect all the girls equally. You have more chances to make a good impression if you treat all the women who do not interest you as kindly as those who do. This does not mean that you have to talk or flirt with each girl, but do not ignore them or treat them with rejection because you never know when a girl will become attractive or who she will be friends with. It is best to treat them all in the same way you would like them to treat you.
- Do not talk to a girl about the charm of another, as it is in bad taste and can degrade her opinion about herself. Also, it's very easy to say something wrong by accident, or something you did not mean. Just talk about girls with your friends.
- In general, you should not talk about your past relationships, or other girls who may be interested in you, with the girl that matters most to you. No girl wants to have to compare with your past relationships, nor does she want you to compare her with others. Make her feel like she's the only girl in the universe, and the universe will smile on you.
Be attentive. When you talk to a girl, give her all the attention; Listen to what he says and you may learn a lot about it and discover interests that you have in common.
- Ask him many questions. This will show you that you are really interested in her, apart from how she looks. Ask him what activities he likes, what music he listens to, what movies he saw lately, ask him about his family, his aspirations and desires. Any question that is carried out in a sincere and respectful way is interesting.
- Give him time to talk. If you ask questions, give them time to express themselves and do not feel bad if they talk too much. Remember, if you talk a lot, it's a good sign!
Have confidence in yourself. Trust is a great aspect for most girls. They will notice you if you walk with your head up, if when you speak you do not doubt that you know about it, or simply if you walk towards it without hesitation. Remember that you are an amazing boy, because when you show confidence in yourself, you become enlightened and the girls notice it.
- Keep in mind that you do not have to be too arrogant. Trust and arrogance are two different things. When you are confident, you have faith in yourself without intimidating others. On the other hand, when you are arrogant, you are confident and you want everyone (really everyone) to know. Arrogance can disappoint girls because they want someone to believe in themselves without trying to let everyone know how amazing it is all the time.
Method 02
Get your attention with your actions
Make eye contact. If you want a girl to notice your presence, start by noticing her first. Whether you're in classes or in a bar, making eye contact is the key to getting your attention. Look at it, but when you see it doing it, look the other way. Repeat this and then keep eye contact for a moment and let go of a smile, if you feel the time is right for it. It is a cycle that will show you that you are interested in it.
- If she does not keep eye contact with you, or if she decides not to look at you again, maybe it's because she's very shy or not interested in you. Therefore, you will have to use other methods in this article to find out which of the two options is correct.
- When you converse with girls, try to maintain eye contact as much as possible, as this tells you that you are trustworthy and that you pay close attention.
Be a gentleman with the girls. Girls tend to have a different mood and perspective than boys, so being aware and understanding these differences is important when it comes to calling, and keeping, a girl's attention.
- Do common things that are polite, like opening the door, letting her stand in line and saying "excuse me". Doing small things is very easy and girls pay more attention to it than boys.
- Do not make sexual jokes or comments. Girls already think guys are obsessed with sex, so do not make it worse by being obsessed with it. If you are mature and respectful about sexual issues, at least when you are with girls, you will definitely get their attention.
Do not treat women as objects, nor talk about them as if they were inferior. It may sound like something basic, but many men assume that women do not notice, or do not care, when they treat them as if they were inferior to them. This is totally wrong and in this way you will not have many friends. Think before you talk negatively about women. As a general rule, pretend that your grandparents are in front of you whenever you say something about women, so you will avoid saying something very inappropriate.
Act in a relaxed way with the girls. Even if you are nervous inside, keep a calm and relaxed behavior when you are with girls, it will give the impression that you are a confident boy and with whom it is easy to leave. When you are tense or nervous, you are more vulnerable to feeling embarrassed if you make a small mistake, which discourages them. Being quiet allows you to fully enjoy the company of the girl, stay confident and show her your true self.
- Staying confident is difficult, but try to imagine that the girl you want to impress is just a friend. You would not be nervous with a friend, so why be nervous with her? If you are confident and look relaxed and calm, you will be popular; You will attract their attention immediately.
Smile as if you wanted it. The smile is the universal symbol of happiness. If you show people in general, and in particular to her, that you are a happy boy, she will want to be closer to you. Girls like boys who have a good sense of humor and smile easily. Therefore, smile often, be joyful and be yourself shamelessly.
Helps people. It could be her or any other person in the room. Helping others shows that you are humble and a good person. Be kind and generous, as that will not only draw your attention, it will also make you feel good about yourself. Girls are attracted to boys who have compassion for others; Help her carry a heavy bag and she will not forget it.
- Are you carrying something heavy? Say "let me help you with that" and load it for her. Hold the door when you have many things on top, give your jacket when it is cold or offer to share your umbrella when it rains.
- Does anyone have little money? Lend a little so you can eat lunch.
- Do not be false and do good deeds only when she is near. It helps people all the time in different ways. She will notice it, and also the people she knows, and when a conversation arises, people will say "he is a great person!" And this girl will begin to think "yes, it is, is not it?".
- Something that holds many children is the fear that she misunderstands them. For example, you may not want to help her carry something because she is worried that you think you are a macho who insinuates that she can not be alone. But, you have to put fear aside and think about what you are really doing; You are only helping her because you want, what could go wrong? If you do not try to question her ability in some way, then she's not a good girl to take it, is she? If you do things with your heart, a decent girl will see it.
Mention a sincere compliment. For example, you can tell him he has beautiful eyes or a beautiful smile, but do it as if you want it to be obvious that you are more than flirting. Choose something nice that is only reserved for her; this will make her feel special, admired and beautiful.
Include the girls in your activities. When you do something with only boys, be brave and include the girls you love. You do not have to do it all the time because sometimes it's important to have a time with only boys, but do not be afraid to include some girls in the group.
- If the kids call your attention, keep in mind that they are jealous because they did not have the courage to invite them. There is no reason why girls cannot be part of the group.
Find a way to make physical contact with the girl you want to call attention to. Physical contact can be a good way to create sparks between you and that special girl. However, do not show that you go out of your way to be by her side because that can scare her if she does not know that you like her. Do delicate things, like touching his arm when he says something that makes you laugh.
- If you have a tab or something on your face (even if you do not have one), lean forward, make eye contact and slowly pull it out of your cheek (but be gentle!).
Method 03
Get your attention with your appearance
Arm yourself According to your style, this step can vary a lot, but the basics are to bathe regularly and brush your teeth. That's the most basic, but you can still improve your chances of getting the girl's attention. No one wants to hug someone who smells like BO and has breakfast piled between his teeth.
- Beyond the basics, there are many ways in which kids can groom themselves to look better. The hair cream can turn the disheveled look of newly lifted into a beauty subtly sculpted. Although, you do not have to apply much cream on the head because the hair will look greasy and that can discourage the girls.
- If you wear a beard, keep it neat. Some women like facial hair, but even the most manly beard can turn into Rip Van Winkle's absurdly long beard if it is not properly maintained. Invest in a shaver.
- In addition to caring for the beard, look at the rest of the body hair. Depilate the eyebrows, trim the hair on the nose and keep the ear to the minimum. Many girls, even those who love beards, are reluctant to excessive hair that is found in other places that are not the chin, chest and private areas.
- Trim the nails. Often, girls pay attention to their hands, so make sure yours do not look like Bigfoot. Cut your nails and remove the dirt from under them.
- Huméctate Although it may seem a little masculine, when you have the girl of your dreams in your arms, you do not want the skin to be dry and strange. For that reason, use a lotion to give a softness to the skin that can not resist touching.
Keep your wardrobe in mind. Everyone has their style and it's fine, but it's better to avoid the "disheveled" style. Do not wear gym pants every day and always try to change your shirt before leaving your house. Apart from that, remember that girls like it when boys take care of their appearance, even if that only means wearing a fashionable flannel, tight pants and a pair of thick frame lenses.
- If you try to attract the attention of a girl who works in the same place as you, try to put your professionalism into practice. Invests in some elegant suits and cute neckties. If you do not know how to do it, ask your best friend for help.
Know your body language. Posture plays an important role in how a woman perceives man. If the boy is hunched in a corner, avoiding eye contact and not talking to someone, it is very likely that he will not walk and start a conversation. Stand up straight, make eye contact and smile. Keep in mind that you want to have a good posture, but without it seems obvious that you are standing too straight. Walk with comfort.
- If you do not know how to move easily, watch your role models. See how the leading men in the movies captivate with their ways of approaching the hearts of women.
- Also, keep in mind her body language. If you move your weight from one side to another very often or do not make eye contact, it is probably because you do not feel comfortable; Maybe it's because of the topic of conversation, or how close you are to it, or something else. Respect their feelings and change the subject or back off if necessary, depending on what is bothering them.
Keep your body in shape. Although you may be a good boy, it is important to remember that some girls like men who exercise. Also, the gym is a great place to get the attention of that special girl. If you want to attract that beautiful girl you like, you also have to keep your physique in good condition. Start an exercise routine that includes cardiovascular and weight training so you can strengthen your muscles and be in good shape.
- Remember that many girls like toned boys, but they are not attracted to those who look like Arnold Schwarzenegger when he was Mr. Universe. If you take a long time to raise your hand in class because your muscles are about to tear the shirt, maybe it's time to reduce the load a little when lifting weights.
- Do not let any bad experience you have had avoid you from looking for opportunities that are open to you. If you had a relationship that ended badly, learn from it and leave it in the past, since it is not healthy to live with the wrong relationships, and it is probably not very attractive either. Accept what life is giving you now, not what you could have given you in the past.
- Do not panic if you do something shameful. Many girls find it very nice that a boy is embarrassing, especially if you are able to recover the situation with good humor.
- Do not peck your nose, do not scratch your buttocks, do not sting your body in any way, or lose farts or burps when you're hardly knowing. Be rough with her and you'll be lucky if she ever looks at you again.
- Be careful not to place all your hopes on a single girl, as it will only make things more painful if something does not turn out as you expected. . Remember that there are many fish in the sea. If things do not go well with a particular girl, just meet another. That may make her feel sad if she leaves you in the first place.
- If you have a good relationship with a sister who is close to your age, use that as a model to know how to move and talk with the girls.
- Having luxury items or being a millionaire is not absolutely necessary to get a girl's attention. Only presumptuous girls act that way.
- Doing ridiculous things to get a girl's attention is counterproductive. The only thing you would gain from that would be that she (and her circle of friends and acquaintances) thought you were a clown and you would give people reasons to make fun of you and criticize you. Also, she might think that ultimately you are an immature, since that is usually done by children to get girls' attention.
- If you cannot get their attention, it's because of the following:
- You do not care
- You are not his type.
- He already has a boyfriend.


text: Tonight I Pray that whenever you feel distant from Jesus, whisper HIS name. For it is when you do this you are putting all of your trust in Him and this will help you to restore your awareness of His Holy Presence. In this fallen world that we live in so many people claim to not believe in Him but use His name in cursing every day. I pray that we bless the Lord at all times; that we allow His praise to be continually on our lips, so that our souls can boast in the Lord! I pray that as we fellowship with others we will magnify the Lord and exalt His name together!!! I pray that the Holy Spirit will move within us all and teach us that there is no fear in His Love which shines on each one of us continually. In Jesus name I pray, Amen and Amen… I Love You All!!! God Bless You!!!


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If you're a member of a raiding guild, you probably have a Raid Leader. I'm going to give you a little bit of insight into the damaged psyche of the tormented soul forced to suffer through that particular hell – for you.
Your Raid Leader probably started out as a nice guy or girl, someone who demonstrated better than average situational awareness and got suckered into a position that tends to appear glamorous from the outside. After a couple of weeks of this kind of torment, though, torn between some form of loyalty to the guild and hope that it might someday get better, the nice guy that your Raid Leader used to be is beginning to wear thin…
And it's all YOUR fault.
All of those foibles that you used to laugh about with your Raid Leader, if your tenure in guild predates their sentencing, just aren't funny to one who has been afflicted with the responsibility of making sure that twenty four other people have a successful raid. Not anymore; right now your Raid Leader has a deep and abiding hatred for you. It's not some form of general hatred for raiders, or anything simple like that – it's deep and it's personal and it's individual. Your Raid Leader hates you entirely for being you.
Are you the person who makes "that's what she said" jokes when your Raid Leader is trying to motivate the raid after a bad wipe? To steal a phrase from Anafielle, "I'm firing up the hate machine".
How about that raider that takes off his headset in between pulls, and then comes up with the brilliant idea to use the strategy he didn't know the rest of the raid has been using for three pulls now? A little part of your Raid Leader's soul just died, and there aren't many pieces left.
Relentlessly negative guy? Relentlessly positive guy? You both suck. Argumentative guy? Die in a fire. Which brings us to Die In a Fire Guy. Oh, Die In a Fire Guy… your Raid Leader dreams about the day there's a good app from your class, but unfortunately they seem really hard to find right now.
Overly defensive guy? Dude, you screwed up, take your beating like a man.
Are you a former Raid Leader? Oh, there's a special hell for you. You know the pain your Raid Leader is going through every minute of every raid, and all you can contribute is "We didn't do it like this in my guild." Dante would have written a whole extra volume if he knew about you.
Are you The Fidgeter? You can't help but strafe left and right over and over again while DPSing, even though there's strictly assigned positions and spacing requirements? Raid Leader wants to line your chair with sandpaper. That'll cure the fidgeting.
Rage guy? Believe it or not, your Raid Leader has a soft spot for you. The rest of the raid hates you, but your Raid Leader feels like you really Get It. So thanks, Rage Guy. We really do love you, even if we can't show it.
Apologize for tiny mistakes while the pull is still going guy? SHUT UP HOLY GOD PLEASE JUST SHUT UP WE'RE BUSY FUCK WE JUST WIPED I HATE YOU.
Which brings us to the Raid MVP. You're the guy who just can't help but explain how awesome that thing he just did was, did we all just see that? Yes. And we saw the attempts before where you were trying to pull it off and got people killed. Congratulations, Champ.
WoW Lore Nerd Guy? Your Raid Leader doesn't care that Sinestra, or more properly Sintharia, is the second cousin twice removed to Tyrion's nephew's kindergarten teacher's second husband's pet breeder. But we care that you think that's more important to talk about than how you just killed the whole raid.
How about deeply convoluted strategy guy? You're probably a computer programmer or something, you'll start coming up with ideas with a million different "if, then" conditionals that can't possibly work because no one else will remember them all? Raid Leader wants you to stick your head up your ass and check for recursive loops there.
After a couple of months, your poor tormented Raid Leader only barely knows you by name. He or she just thinks of you by a little pet name based on what they hate most about you.
You might be an officer – no matter what your Raid Leader says, there's an extra special level of hate your Raid Leader has for you. Because your Raid Leader has certain expectations from the officers, and you never ever fail to let him down. He wants more from you, he believes that he deserves more from you, and you continually let him down.
It's probably not entirely your fault. I'm sure you're a great person. But your Raid Leader thinks you're terrible.


text:
G.O.P. chairs shift, bluntly, from Ray Kelly to John Catsimatidis
After issuing what amounted to a plea to police commissioner Ray Kelly last week to run for mayor in 2013, New York City's Republican county chairmen now seem determined to move past that idea, and are playing up alternatives like John Catsimatidis.
"He hasn't spoken to any of us right now," said Craig Eaton, the Brooklyn party chairman on NY1's "Inside City Hall" last night. "His name has been thrown out there, it's picking up some traction, but until he reaches out to us and says, 'I'm interested, I want to talk,' there's really nothing we can do."
Story Continued Below
Eaton appeared with Manhattan chairman Dan Isaacs, Queens chairman Phil Ragusa, and Bronx chair Jay Savino. The only city chairman missing was Robert Scamardella from Staten Island. Earlier in the segment, while the show aired B-roll footage of the police commissioner at a press conference, the host Errol Louis, asked if Kelly had "expressed any kind of interest so far."
"Not to me," said one chairman, his face obscured by the b-roll.
"Not to me," said another.
"Nor I," said Isaacs. "And I think he's focused on doing his job, which is protecting the citizens of this city. That's a lot more important than discussing political issues. And if and when he decides to make that decision, hopefully sooner rather than later, he will."
In recent weeks, the tabloids have run a sort of Kelly-themed draft campaign, citing his strength in polls as a hypothetical candidate and the support he has among some powerful financiers and the Republican Party.
Last night, the party chairmen highlighted other possibilities.
"John Catsimatidis is again very high on everyone's radar, as he has himself has said, he's in the bullpen," said Isaacs. "And he's indicated that if Commissioner Kelly does not run, then he's inclined to do so, and we will be blessed as a party and as citizens of this city to have someone like John Catsimatidis as our mayor."
Ragusa said Catsimatidis is "the type of person that I think we need at City Hall."
Savino described former Bronx Borough President Adolfo Carrion approvingly as "a conservative Democrat,"
"And he, much like many other people, do not or cannot see the city of New York taking a step back to what it was pre-Rudy Giuliani," said Savino.
"I think it's fair to say that before we get to starting to talk to the Adolfo Carrions of the world, we have to look in our own party first," said Eaton. "You have [state Senator] Marty Golden for example, who's been an elected official for close to 20 years. Doing a great job, would make a great mayor. So I keep pitching Marty Golden's name out there, and people are excited about it."
Tom Allon, the C.E.O. of Manhattan Media who's toyed with the idea of running as a Republican, didn't seem to rank too high on the list.
"As part of our process, what we do, our model is that we'll sit down and meet with anyone that has interest," said Eaton. "Tom reached out to us, I think through Chairman Isaacs, and said, 'I want to talk to you about running for mayor.' So we met him. And we're willing to meet with anyone that has interest."


text:
Elizabeth Jean Tremblay
May 20, 1919-Dec. 14, 2011
Pleasanton, California
Elizabeth Jean Tremblay, an expert and enthusiastic bridge player, died Dec. 14, 2011 in a San Jose senior care home. She was 92. Betty traveled widely to pursue her passion for bridge, playing tournaments as well as casual matches with friends. After living in Southern California for many years, she moved to Pleasanton about 30 years ago so they could be close to their grandchildren. She lived in Pleasanton for 25 years before moving to senior housing in Livermore and then San Jose so she could be closer to her daughter. Mrs. Tremblay was born May 20, 1919 in Madison, Wis. and spent her high school years in Glen Ellyn, Ill. where she graduated from Glenbard High School. She then enrolled in Beloit College in Michigan and graduated four years later. She moved to Chicago and worked as a proof reader for legal documents. While riding the train into Chicago, she met her husband-to-be Eduardo Tremblay. They had been married 55 years when Eduardo passed away in 1999. They had three children, Michael, Julie and Joel. Growing up, Julie recalled, ?Michael and I always knew that mom and dad were there for me. No matter what I did, I knew I was always loved and supported by them.? Betty loved to travel and saw most of the United States. While she lived in Pleasanton, she was a member of Centerpointe Presbyterian Church. She is survived by her son, Michael and his wife, Leslie, of Athol, Id.; her daughter, Julie and her husband, Michael, of San Jose; her grandchildren Michelle Tremblay and her husband Joe Davenport, and Matthew Tremblay and his wife, Maryann; her great-grandchildren Callum Davenport and Leilani Tremblay; and her sister, Patricia Bitterman and her husband Lawrence of Illinois. Her husband, Eduardo, died in 1999, while her son, Joel, passed a number of years ago.


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Academy Awards
|Academy Awards
|88th Academy Awards
|File:Academy Award trophy.jpg
|Awarded for
|Excellence in cinematic achievements
|United States
|Presented by
|Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
|First awarded
|May 16, 1929
|Official website
The Academy Awards, or "Oscars", is an annual American awards ceremony honoring cinematic achievements in the film industry. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname "Oscar". The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).[1][2]
The awards ceremony was first televised in 1953, and is now seen live in more than 200 countries.[3] The Oscars is the oldest entertainment awards ceremony; its equivalents, the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theatre, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording, are modeled after the Academy Awards.[4]
The 86th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 2, 2014, at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles, later than usual as to not clash with the Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.[5] The 87th Academy Awards ceremony was held on February 22, 2015. Historically given during the first quarter of the new year, the awards honor achievements for cinematic accomplishments for the preceding year. For example, 12 Years a Slave was awarded Best Picture for 2013, although the Oscar ceremony was conducted in 2014. As of the 87th awards ceremony, held in 2015, a total of 2,947 Oscars have been awarded since the inception of the award.[6]
- 1 History
- 2 Oscar statuette
- 3 Nomination
- 4 Ceremony
- 5 Awards ceremonies
- 6 Venues
- 7 Awards of Merit categories
- 8 Special categories
- 9 Criticism
- 10 Associated events
- 11 Presenter and performer gifts
- 12 TV ratings and ad prices
- 13 See also
- 14 Notes
- 15 References
- 16 External links
The first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16, 1929, at a private dinner at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel.[7] The cost of guest tickets for that night's ceremony was $5 ($69 in 2020 dollars).[8] Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the film-making industry of the time, for their works during the 1927–28 period. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes.
Winners had been announced to media three months earlier; however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11:00 pm on the night of the awards.[7] This method was used until an occasion when the Los Angeles Times announced the winners before the ceremony began; as a result, the Academy has, since 1941, used a sealed envelope to reveal the name of the winners.[7]
The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. He had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier; this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. At that time, the winners were recognized for all of their work done in a certain category during the qualifying period; for example, Jannings received the award for two movies in which he starred during that period, and Janet Gaynor later won a single Oscar for performances in three films. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, and professionals were honored for a specific performance in a single film. For the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years.[7]
At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27, 1957, the Best Foreign Language Film category was introduced. Until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award.
The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.
Oscar statuette
Although there are seven other types of annual awards presented by the Academy (the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, the Gordon E. Sawyer Award, the Academy Scientific and Technical Award, the Academy Award for Technical Achievement, the John A. Bonner Medal of Commendation and the Student Academy Award) plus two awards that are not presented annually (the Special Achievement Award in the form of an Oscar statuette and the Honorary Award that may or may not be in the form of an Oscar statuette), the best known one is the Academy Award of Merit more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. Made of gold-plated britannium on a black metal base, it is 13.5 in (34 cm) tall, weighs 8.5 lb (3.85 kg) and depicts a knight rendered in Art Deco style holding a crusader's sword standing on a reel of film with five spokes. The five spokes represent the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.[9]
No model was used during the design process of the statuette.[10] Sculptor George Stanley (who also did the Muse Fountain[11] at the Hollywood Bowl) sculpted Cedric Gibbons's design in clay and Sachin Smith cast the statuette in 92.5 percent tin and 7.5 percent copper and then gold-plated it[citation needed]. The only addition to the Oscar since it was created is a minor streamlining of the base. The original Oscar mold was cast in 1928 at the C.W. Shumway & Sons Foundry in Batavia, Illinois, which also contributed to casting the molds for the Vince Lombardi Trophy and Emmy Awards statuettes. Since 1983,[12] approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by Illinois manufacturer R.S. Owens & Company.[13] It takes between three to four weeks to manufacture 50 statuettes.[10]
In support of the American effort in World War II, the statuettes were made of plaster and were traded in for gold ones after the war had ended.[14]
The origin of the name Oscar is disputed. One biography of Bette Davis claims that she named the Oscar after her first husband, band leader Harmon Oscar Nelson;[15] one of the earliest mentions in print of the term Oscar dates back to a Time magazine article about the 1934 6th Academy Awards.[16] Walt Disney is also quoted as thanking the Academy for his Oscar as early as 1932.[17] Another claimed origin is that the Academy's Executive Secretary, Margaret Herrick, first saw the award in 1931 and made reference to the statuette's reminding her of her "Uncle Oscar" (a nickname for her cousin Oscar Pierce).[18] Columnist Sidney Skolsky was present during Herrick's naming and seized the name in his byline, "Employees have affectionately dubbed their famous statuette 'Oscar'".[19] The trophy was officially dubbed the "Oscar" in 1939 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
To prevent information identifying the Oscar winners from leaking ahead of the ceremony, Oscar statuettes presented at the ceremony have blank baseplates. Until 2010, winners were expected to return the statuettes to the Academy after the ceremony and wait several weeks to have inscriptions applied. Since 2010, winners have had the option of having engraved nameplates applied to their statuettes at an inscription-processing station at the Governor's Ball, a party held immediately after the Oscar ceremony. In 2010, the R.S. Owens company made 197 engraved nameplates ahead of the ceremony, bearing the names of every potential winner. The 175 or so nameplates for non-winning nominees were recycled afterwards.[20][21]
Ownership of Oscar statuettes
Since 1950, the statuettes have been legally encumbered by the requirement that neither winners nor their heirs may sell the statuettes without first offering to sell them back to the Academy for US$1. If a winner refuses to agree to this stipulation, then the Academy keeps the statuette. Academy Awards not protected by this agreement have been sold in public auctions and private deals for six-figure sums.[22] In December 2011, Orson Welles' 1941 Oscar for Citizen Kane (Best Original Screenplay) was put up for auction, after his heirs won a 2004 court decision contending that Welles did not sign any agreement to return the statue to the Academy.[23] On December 20, 2011, it sold in an online auction for US$861,542.[24]
In 1992, Harold Russell needed money for his wife's medical expenses. In a controversial decision, he consigned his 1946 Oscar for Best Supporting Actor for The Best Years of Our Lives to Herman Darvick Autograph Auctions, and on August 6, 1992, in New York City, the Oscar sold to a private collector for $60,500. Russell defended his action, saying, "I don't know why anybody would be critical. My wife's health is much more important than sentimental reasons. The movie will be here, even if Oscar isn't." Harold Russell is the only Academy Award winning actor to ever sell an Oscar.
While the Oscar is owned by the recipient, it is essentially not on the open market.[25] Michael Todd's grandson tried to sell Todd's Oscar statuette to a movie prop collector in 1989, but the Academy won the legal battle by getting a permanent injunction. Although some Oscar sales transactions have been successful, some buyers have subsequently returned the statuettes to the Academy, which keeps them in its treasury.[26]
Since 2004, Academy Award nomination results have been announced to the public in late January. Prior to that, the results were announced in early February.
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), a professional honorary organization, maintains a voting membership of 5,783 as of 2012[update].[27]
Academy membership is divided into different branches, with each representing a different discipline in film production. Actors constitute the largest voting bloc, numbering 1,311 members (22 percent) of the Academy's composition. Votes have been certified by the auditing firm PricewaterhouseCoopers (and its predecessor Price Waterhouse) for the past 73 annual awards ceremonies.[28]
All AMPAS members must be invited to join by the Board of Governors, on behalf of Academy Branch Executive Committees. Membership eligibility may be achieved by a competitive nomination or a member may submit a name based on other significant contribution to the field of motion pictures.
New membership proposals are considered annually. The Academy does not publicly disclose its membership, although as recently as 2007 press releases have announced the names of those who have been invited to join. The 2007 release also stated that it has just under 6,000 voting members. While the membership had been growing, stricter policies have kept its size steady since then.[29]
In 2012, the results of a study conducted by the Los Angeles Times were published describing the demographic breakdown of approximately 88% of AMPAS' voting membership. Of the 5,100+ active voters confirmed, 94% were Caucasian, 77% were male, and 54% were found to be over the age of 60. 33% of voting members are former nominees (14%) and winners (19%).[30]
In May 2011, the Academy sent a letter advising its 6,000 or so voting members that an online system for Oscar voting will be implemented in 2013.[31]
According to Rules 2 and 3 of the official Academy Awards Rules, a film must open in the previous calendar year, from midnight at the start of 1 January to midnight at the end of 31 December, in Los Angeles County, California and play for seven consecutive days, to qualify (except for the Best Foreign Language Film).[32][33] For example, the 2009 Best Picture winner, The Hurt Locker, was actually first released in 2008, but did not qualify for the 2008 awards as it did not play its Oscar-qualifying run in Los Angeles until mid-2009, thus qualifying for the 2009 awards.
Rule 2 states that a film must be feature-length, defined as a minimum of 40 minutes, except for short subject awards, and it must exist either on a 35 mm or 70 mm film print or in 24 frame/s or 48 frame/s progressive scan digital cinema format with a minimum projector resolution of 2048 by 1080 pixels.[34]
Producers must submit an Official Screen Credits online form before the deadline; in case it is not submitted by the defined deadline, the film will be ineligible for Academy Awards in any year. The form includes the production credits for all related categories. Then, each form is checked and put in a Reminder List of Eligible Releases.
In late December ballots and copies of the Reminder List of Eligible Releases are mailed to around 6,000 active members. For most categories, members from each of the branches vote to determine the nominees only in their respective categories (i.e. only directors vote for directors, writers for writers, actors for actors, etc.). In all major categories, voters use an instant run-off voting ballot, with potential nominees rewarded in the single transferable vote tally for having strong supporters who rank them first.[35] There are some exceptions in the case of certain categories, like Foreign Film, Documentary and Animated Feature Film, in which movies are selected by special screening committees made up of members from all branches. In the special case of Best Picture, all voting members are eligible to select the nominees for that category. Foreign films must include English subtitles, and each country can submit only one film per year.[36]
The winners are then determined by a second round of voting in which all members are then allowed to vote in most categories, including Best Picture.[37]
Film companies will spend as much as several million dollars on marketing to awards voters for a movie in the running for Best Picture, in attempts to improve chances of receiving Oscars and other movie awards conferred in Oscar season. The Academy enforces rules to limit overt campaigning by its members so as to try to eliminate excesses and prevent the process from becoming undignified. It has an awards czar on staff who advises members on allowed practices and levies penalties on offenders.[38] For example, a producer of the 2010 Best Picture nominee, The Hurt Locker, was disqualified as a producer in the category when he contacted associates urging them to vote for his film and not another that was seen as front-runner (The Hurt Locker eventually won).
The major awards are presented at a live televised ceremony, most commonly in late February or early March following the relevant calendar year, and six weeks after the announcement of the nominees. It is the culmination of the film awards season, which usually begins during November or December of the previous year. This is an elaborate extravaganza, with the invited guests walking up the red carpet in the creations of the most prominent fashion designers of the day. Black tie dress is the most common outfit for men, although fashion may dictate not wearing a bow-tie, and musical performers sometimes do not adhere to this. (The artists who recorded the nominees for Best Original Song quite often perform those songs live at the awards ceremony, and the fact that they are performing is often used to promote the television broadcast).
The Academy Awards is the only awards show that is televised live in all United States time zones (excluding Hawaii; they aired live in Alaska starting in 2011 for the first time since 1996), Canada, the United Kingdom, and gathers millions of viewers elsewhere throughout the world.[39] The 2007 ceremony was watched by more than 40 million Americans.[40] Other awards ceremonies (such as the Emmys, Golden Globes, and Grammys) are broadcast live in the Eastern & Central time zones, but are on tape delay on the West Coast and might not air the same day outside North America (if the awards are even televised). The Academy has for several years claimed that the award show has up to a billion viewers internationally, but this has so far not been confirmed by any independent sources. The Awards show was first televised in 1953, on NBC, which continued to broadcast the event until 1960 when the ABC Network took over, televising the festivities (including the first color broadcast of the event in 1966) through 1970, after which NBC resumed the broadcasts. ABC once again took over broadcast duties in 1976 and it is under contract to do so through the year 2020.[41] The first countries to broadcast the Academy Awards on television, aside from the United States, were Canada, the United Kingdom and Mexico; the latter two countries did not broadcast the live show, and Mexico did not carry the live event until 1964. By 1954, seven other countries, namely Brazil, Cuba, Venezuela, West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and France, were already broadcasting the Awards show, although previously filmed into a condensed 60-minute version, called the "International Edition" of the Academy Awards. The Awards show was broadcast for the first time via satellite in 1970, but only two South American countries, Chile and Brazil purchased the rights to air the live event. By that time, the television rights to the Awards show were sold in 50 countries. A decade later, the TV rights to the Oscars were already being sold to 60 countries, and by 1984, the TV rights to the Awards were licensed in 76 countries. Until the arrival of subscription television in Europe, Africa and the Middle East, which enabled the Oscars to be broadcast live through these territories, there was already available a previously filmed or taped 90-minute version of the Awards show which was aired on broadcast television in these territories. However, several Asian and Australasian countries, such as Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia and New Zealand were already carrying the live broadcast of the Awards show since the late 1970s. AMPAS still produces a condensed 90-minute version of the Academy Awards for those territories in which the rights to the live broadcast are expensive.
After more than 60 years of being held in late March or early April, the ceremonies were moved up to late February or early March starting in 2004 to help disrupt and shorten the intense lobbying and ad campaigns associated with Oscar season in the film industry. Another reason was because of the growing TV ratings success of the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, which would cut into the Academy Awards audience. The earlier date is also to the advantage of ABC, as it now usually occurs during the highly profitable and important February sweeps period. Some years, the ceremony is moved into early March in deference to the Winter Olympics. Another reason for the move to late February and early March is to avoid the awards ceremony occurring so close to the religious holidays of Passover and Easter, which for decades had been a grievance from members and the general public. Advertising is somewhat restricted, however, as traditionally no movie studios or competitors of official Academy Award sponsors may advertise during the telecast. The Awards show holds the distinction of having won the most Emmys in history, with 47 wins and 195 nominations.[42]
After many years of being held on Mondays at 9:00 pm Eastern/6:00 p.m Pacific, in 1999 the ceremonies were moved to Sundays at 8:30 pm Eastern/5:30 pm Pacific.[43] The reasons given for the move were that more viewers would tune in on Sundays, that Los Angeles rush-hour traffic jams could be avoided, and that an earlier start time would allow viewers on the East Coast to go to bed earlier.[44] For many years the film industry had opposed a Sunday broadcast because it would cut into the weekend box office.[45]
Originally scheduled for April 8, 1968, the 40th Academy Awards ceremony was postponed for two days, because of the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.. On March 30, 1981, the 53rd Academy Awards was postponed for one day, after the shooting of President Ronald Reagan and others in Washington, D.C.
In 1993, an In Memoriam segment was introduced,[46] honoring those who had made a significant contribution to cinema who had died in the preceding 12 months, a selection compiled by a small committee of Academy members.[47] This segment has drawn criticism over the years for the omission of some names. Criticism was also levied for many years regarding another aspect, with the segment having a "popularity contest" feel as the audience varied their applause to those who had died by the subject's cultural impact; the applause has since been muted during the telecast, and the audience is discouraged from clapping during the segment and giving silent reflection instead.
In terms of broadcast length, the ceremony generally averages three and a half hours. The first Oscars, in 1929, lasted 15 minutes. At the other end of the spectrum, the 2000 ceremony lasted four hours and four minutes.[48] In 2010, the organizers of the Academy Awards announced that winners' acceptance speeches must not run past 45 seconds. This, according to organizer Bill Mechanic, was to ensure the elimination of what he termed "the single most hated thing on the show" – overly long and embarrassing displays of emotion.[49]
The Academy has contemplated moving the ceremony even further back into January, citing TV viewers' fatigue with the film industry's long awards season. However, such an accelerated schedule would dramatically decrease the voting period for its members, to the point where some voters would only have time to view the contending films streamed on their computers (as opposed to traditionally receiving the films and ballots in the mail). Also, a January ceremony would have to compete with National Football League playoff games.[50]
Awards ceremonies
Historically, the "Oscarcast" has pulled in a bigger haul when box-office hits are favored to win the Best Picture trophy. More than 57.25 million viewers tuned to the telecast for the 70th Academy Awards in 1998, the year of Titanic, which generated close to US$600 million at the North American box office pre-Oscars.[51] The 76th Academy Awards ceremony in which The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (pre-telecast box office earnings of US$368 million) received 11 Awards including Best Picture drew 43.56 million viewers.[52] The most watched ceremony based on Nielsen ratings to date, however, was the 42nd Academy Awards (Best Picture Midnight Cowboy) which drew a 43.4% household rating on 7 April 1970.[53]
By contrast, ceremonies honoring films that have not performed well at the box office tend to show weaker ratings. The 78th Academy Awards which awarded low-budgeted, independent film Crash (with a pre-Oscar gross of US$53.4 million) generated an audience of 38.64 million with a household rating of 22.91%.[54] In 2008, the 80th Academy Awards telecast was watched by 31.76 million viewers on average with an 18.66% household rating, the lowest rated and least watched ceremony to date, in spite of celebrating 80 years of the Academy Awards.[55] The Best Picture winner of that particular ceremony was another independently financed film (No Country for Old Men).
In 1929, the first Academy Awards were presented at a banquet dinner at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. From 1930 to 1943, the ceremony alternated between two venues: the Ambassador Hotel on Wilshire Boulevard and the Biltmore Hotel in downtown Los Angeles.
Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood then hosted the awards from 1944 to 1946, followed by the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles from 1947 to 1948. The 21st Academy Awards in 1949 were held at the Academy Award Theatre at what was the Academy's headquarters on Melrose Avenue in Hollywood.[56]
From 1950 to 1960, the awards were presented at Hollywood's Pantages Theatre. With the advent of television, the awards from 1953 to 1957 took place simultaneously in Hollywood and New York, first at the NBC International Theatre (1953) and then at the NBC Century Theatre, after which the ceremony took place solely in Los Angeles. The Oscars moved to the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium in Santa Monica, California in 1961. By 1969, the Academy decided to move the ceremonies back to Los Angeles, this time to the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion at the Los Angeles County Music Center.
In 2002, the Kodak Theatre (now known as the Dolby Theatre) became the current venue of the presentation.[57]
Awards of Merit categories
Current categories
- Best Picture: since 1928
- Best Director: since 1928
- Best Actor in a Leading Role: since 1928
- Best Actor in a Supporting Role: since 1936
- Best Actress in a Leading Role: since 1928
- Best Actress in a Supporting Role: since 1936
- Best Animated Feature: since 2001
- Best Animated Short Film: since 1931
- Best Cinematography: since 1928
- Best Costume Design: since 1948
- Best Documentary Feature: since 1943
- Best Documentary Short Subject: since 1941
- Best Film Editing: since 1934
- Best Foreign Language Film: since 1947
- Best Live Action Short Film: since 1931
- Best Makeup and Hairstyling: since 1981
- Best Original Score: since 1934
- Best Original Song: since 1934
- Best Production Design: since 1928
- Best Sound Editing: since 1963
- Best Sound Mixing: since 1930
- Best Visual Effects: since 1939
- Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay): since 1928
- Best Writing (Original Screenplay): since 1940
In the first year of the awards, the Best Directing award was split into two separate categories (Drama and Comedy). At times, the Best Original Score award has also been split into separate categories (Drama and Comedy/Musical). From the 1930s through the 1960s, the Art Direction (now Production Design), Cinematography, and Costume Design awards were likewise split into two separate categories (black-and-white films and color films). Prior to 2012, the Production Design award was called Art Direction, while the Makeup and Hairstyling award was called Makeup.
Another award, entitled the Academy Award for Best Original Musical, is still in the Academy rulebooks and has yet to be discontinued. However, due to continuous insufficient eligibility each year, it has not been awarded since 1984 (when Purple Rain won).[58]
Discontinued categories
- Best Assistant Director: 1933 to 1937
- Best Director, Comedy Picture: 1928 only
- Best Dance Direction: 1935 to 1937
- Best Engineering Effects: 1928 only
- Best Original Musical or Comedy Score: 1995 to 1998
- Best Original Story: 1928 to 1956
- Best Score – Adaptation or Treatment: 1962 to 1969; 1973
- Best Short Film – Color: 1936 and 1937
- Best Short Film – Live Action – 2 Reels: 1936 to 1956
- Best Short Film – Novelty: 1932 to 1935
- Best Title Writing: 1928 only
- Best Unique and Artistic Quality of Production: 1928 only
Proposed categories
The Board of Governors meets each year and considers new award categories. To date, the following proposed categories have been rejected:
- Best Casting: rejected in 1999
- Best Stunt Coordination: rejected every year from 1991 to 2012[59][60][61][62]
- Best Title Design: rejected in 1999
Special categories
The Special Academy Awards are voted on by special committees, rather than by the Academy membership as a whole. They are not always presented on a consistent annual basis.
Current special categories
- Academy Honorary Award: since 1929
- Academy Scientific and Technical Award: since 1931
- Gordon E. Sawyer Award: since 1981
- Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award: since 1956
- Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award: since 1938
Discontinued special categories
- Academy Juvenile Award: 1934 to 1960
- Academy Special Achievement Award: 1972 to 1995
Accusations of commercialism
Due to the positive exposure and prestige of the Academy Awards, studios spend millions of dollars and hire publicists specifically to promote their films during what is typically called the "Oscar season". This has generated accusations of the Academy Awards being influenced more by marketing than quality. No independent films have received the award (though a few were nominated), and no actors working outside of the studio system for a picture have won the award for their work in that picture.[citation needed] William Friedkin, an Academy Award-winning film director and former producer of the ceremony, expressed this sentiment at a conference in New York in 2009, describing it as "the greatest promotion scheme that any industry ever devised for itself".[63]
Tim Dirks, editor of AMC's filmsite.org, has written of the Academy Awards,
Unfortunately, the critical worth, artistic vision, cultural influence and innovative qualities of many films are not given the same voting weight. Especially since the 1980s, moneymaking "formula-made" blockbusters with glossy production values have often been crowd-pleasing titans (and Best Picture winners), but they haven't necessarily been great films with depth or critical acclaim by any measure.[64]
Accusations of bias
Typical criticism of the Academy Awards for Best Picture is that among the winners and nominees there is an over-representation of romantic historical epics, biographical dramas, romantic dramedies, and family melodramas, most of which are released in the U.S. the last three months of the calendar year. The Oscars have been infamously known for selecting specific genres of movies to be awarded. From 1927 to 2001 around 49% of Best Picture nominated films had been categorized as a drama and out of the 432 films to be analyzed within that time 47% of the winning films were in fact dramas.[65] This has led to the coining of the term 'Oscar bait', describing such movies. This has led at times to more specific criticisms that the Academy is disconnected from the audience, e.g. by favoring 'Oscar bait' over audience favorites, or favoring historical melodramas over critically acclaimed movies that depict current life issues.[66]
Symbolism or sentimentalization
Acting prizes in certain years have been criticized for not recognizing superior performances so much as being awarded for sentimental reasons,[67] personal popularity,[68] atonement for past mistakes,[69] or presented as a "career honor" to recognize a distinguished nominee's entire body of work.[70]
Refusing the award
Some winners critical of the Academy Awards have boycotted the ceremonies and refused to accept their Oscars. The first to do so was Dudley Nichols (Best Writing in 1935 for The Informer). Nichols boycotted the 8th Academy Awards ceremony because of conflicts between the Academy and the Writers' Guild.[71] George C. Scott became the second person to refuse his award (Best Actor in 1970 for Patton) at the 43rd Academy Awards ceremony. Scott described it as a 'meat parade', saying 'I don't want any part of it."[72][73][74] The third was Marlon Brando, who refused his award (Best Actor for 1972's The Godfather), citing the film industry's discrimination and mistreatment of Native Americans. At the 45th Academy Awards ceremony, Brando sent Sacheen Littlefeather to read a 15-page speech detailing his criticisms.[71]
Associated events
The following events are closely associated with the annual Academy Awards:
- César Award
- Nominees luncheon
- Governors Awards
- The 25th Independent Spirit Awards (in 2010), usually held in Santa Monica the Saturday before the Oscars, marked the first time it was moved to a Friday and a change of venue to L.A. Live
- The annual "Night Before", traditionally held at the Beverly Hills Hotel, begun in 2002 and generally known as the party of the season, benefits the Motion Picture and Television Fund, which operates a retirement home for SAG actors in the San Fernando Valley
- Elton John AIDS Foundation Academy Award Party airs the awards live at the nearby Pacific Design Center
- The Governors' Ball is the Academy's official after-party, including dinner (until 2011), and is adjacent to the awards-presentation venue
- The Vanity Fair after-party, historically at the former Morton's restaurant, since 2009 has been at the Sunset Tower
Presenter and performer gifts
It has become a tradition to give out gift bags to the presenters and performers at the Oscars. In recent years these gifts have also been extended to award nominees and winners.[75] The value of each of these gift bags can reach into the tens of thousands of dollars. In 2014 the value was reported to be as high as US$80,000.[76] The value has risen to the point where the U.S. Internal Revenue Service issued a statement regarding the gifts and their taxable status.[77] Oscar gift bags have included vacation packages to Hawaii and Mexico and Japan, a private dinner party for the recipient and friends at a restaurant, videophones, a four-night stay at a hotel. Watches, bracelets, vacation packages, spa treatments, bottles of vodka, maple salad dressing, and weight-loss gummie candy.[75][78][79] Some of the gifts have even had a "risque" element to them; in 2014 the adult products retailer Adam & Eve had a "Secret Room Gifting Suite". Celebrities visiting the gifting suite included Judith Hoag, Carolyn Hennesy, Kate Linder, Chris Mulkey, Jim O'Heir, and NBA player John Salley.[80]
TV ratings and ad prices
From 2006 onwards, results are Live+SD, all previous years are Live viewing[81]
|Viewers (Millions)[81]
|Ad Price[81][82]
|$1.95 million[84]
|$1.8 million - $1.9 million[86]
|$1.65 million - $1.8 million[86]
|$1.610 million
|$1.3 million[86]
|$1.82 million[86]
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
|Not available
See also
- ↑ "About the Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 7 April 2007. Retrieved 13 April 2007.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Essex, Andrew (14 May 1999). "The Birth of Oscar". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on 2013-11-11. Retrieved 2 March 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "History of the Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2010-11-18. Retrieved 13 January 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The Oscars - Feb 24th 2013". platinumagencygroup.co.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "2014 Oscars show moves to March to avoid Winter Olympics clash". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 2013-04-01. Retrieved 25 March 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Oscar Statuette". Oscars.org - Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 October 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "History of the Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2010-11-18.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
- ↑ "Oscar Statuette: Legacy". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2013-12-11. Retrieved 13 April 2007.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Oscar Statuette". Retrieved 2015-03-16.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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- ↑ "Eladio Gonzalez sands and buffs Oscar #3453". Boston Globe. 20 February 2009. Archived from the original on 23 February 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Babwin, Don (27 January 2009). "Oscar 3453 is 'born' in Chicago factory". Associated Press.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> (Lodi News-Sentinel)
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- ↑ Greg Kilday (February 9, 2010), Oscar statues to include engraved names, Hollywood Reporter<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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- ↑ (Levy 2003, pg 28)
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- ↑ Levy, Emanuel (2003). All about Oscar: the history and politics of the Academy Awards – The Career Oscars. Burns & Oates. ISBN 978-0-8264-1452-6. Retrieved 4 October 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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- ↑ "Kantar Media Reports On The Advertising Vitality Of The Academy Awards - Historical Advertising Data Showcases Ad Pricing Trends and Top Marketers; Super Bowl Overlap Increases as Sales Rise". Kantar Media. February 13, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-04-20. Retrieved March 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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- Brokaw, Lauren (2010). "Wanna see an Academy Awards invite? We got it along with all the major annual events surrounding the Oscars". Los Angeles: The Daily Truffle.
- Cotte, Oliver (2007). Secrets of Oscar-winning animation: Behind the scenes of 13 classic short animations. Focal Press. ISBN 978-0-240-52070-4.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Kinn, Gail; Piazza, Jim (2002). The Academy Awards: The Complete History of Oscar. Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. ISBN 978-1-57912-240-9.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Levy, Emanuel (2003). All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards. Burns & Oates. ISBN 978-0-8264-1452-6.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Wright, Jon (2007). The Lunacy of Oscar: The Problems with Hollywood's Biggest Night. Thomas Publishing, Inc.
External links
|Look up Academy Awards in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Academy Awards.
- Official website
- Academy Awards at the Internet Movie Database
- Oscar.com—official Academy Award ceremony site.
- Official Academy Awards Database (searchable)
- Academy Awards at DMOZ.
- "Oscar Greats" at Time magazine.
- Use dmy dates from June 2014
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles with unsourced statements from March 2015
- Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012
- Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015
- Official website not in Wikidata
- Articles with DMOZ links
- Academy Awards
- American film awards
- Awards established in 1929
- 1929 establishments in California
- Cinema of Southern California
- Hollywood history and culture