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Doctor Strange is as badass as Marvel gets. You take the inbred flamboyance of Benedict Cumberbatch into consideration and remove those palisades of expression that bind him, you take his innate knack for humour and let it flow with his perfect timing, you let him really get under the skin of a character that you so profusely adore, and lo! You have got yourself a winning movie.
Benedict Cumberbatch: The Winner (Spoilers Ahead)
Haven't we always secretly wished Benedict Cumberbatch to portray a superhero at some point? With a diverse portfolio like that of his, that keeps getting better every day, playing a superhero for him was always on the cards. Yes, he gives you more reasons to love him every day. This time by joining forces with the Marvel golden goose that has never really missed. It doesn't miss this time either.
When you take a good look at the movie, Benedict Cumberbatch is it. He is there in the entire movie. In every frame, in every act you can feel his strong presence. That being said, Doctor Strange is all about it too. Such a great sorcerer he is that you can't want him enough. And so he delivers! His solo movie that runs all by his magic fuel.
Humour in the movie is just the right amount as Marvel prefers. Melodrama is superbly complemented by Benedict's knack for it. You can't help but feel sorry for him when you see him completely decimated by that car accident in the beginning. The seemingly torture that follows is havocking for him, and he makes you feel all of that. It is a relief when you find his life head towards a different purpose.
Characters in Doctor Strange Movie
Rachel McAdams does a great Christine Palmer, firing up that fun element whenever Strange's strangeness is around. Scott Adkinson as Lucian gets another ephemeral yet a fairly good part with Marvel; he doesn't go unnoticed. It is Tilda Swinton however as The Ancient One that steals the show forming the primal carver of the story. The part where she wishes to go, when time stops has been gorgeously manifested. The screenplay there reaches levels of awe.
Mads Mikkelsen invests himself well, doing a powerful Kaecilius but unfortunately gets a very limited part to prove his perversion. Chiwetel Ejiofor as Mordo looks very promising and has a bright future ahead with Marvel.
Astounding Bits
Even in those rare vexing fight scenes, Scott manages to hold everything together. The depiction of the Sanctums, and the confusion of topsy-turvy worlds have been helmed with a superlative touch. One of the finest things that happen to Strange is the Cloak of Levitation. Instantly takes you back in time to remind you of Aladdin's Magic Carpet. Extraordinary stuff!
Steve Ditko's original comic series has been paid plenty of tribute on numerous occasions. That scene where they fight in an Astral plane as Palmer operates on him, is so intelligently thought of that you cannot applaud the creator enough.
There is beauty in Scott's depiction as Strange bends time to his will experimenting with the fate of an apple. The final climactic scene to force Dormammu to bow down to Doctor Strange's bargain was one of the most brilliant ways to vanquish someone. It goes on to show how insane Doctor Strange's powers really are. You can't help but wonder how strong is Doctor Strange really?
You can pre-order Doctor Strange movie from here:
Direction of Doctor Strange
I have always admired Scott Derrickson's direction. Even in a movie as powerless as Deliver Us from Evil we found him steady as a rock, working hard. He never lets his sobriety wane, and that shows in his diligent work. Thus Doctor Strange has been helmed too. Right from the point of giving us a badass perspective into the life of the extraordinary yet egotistic surgeon Stephen Strange to the point of him coming to terms with subsequent dimensions in our reality, scenes have been brilliantly directed.
It is what follows immediately after however makes you wish there was a better visual exploration about the things we don't know, rather than immediately getting up to speed with Strange quickly packing in powers, and heading towards unveiling the secrets of the Eye of Agomotto. It seemed as if that was the only thing left to do at Kamar-Taj. Forced!
With that awe-inspiring push into the extant multi-dimensions, Doctor Strange's vision is something that will give you goosebumps. It makes you think of all the possibilities that stay hidden from naked eyes. Till that point of time you are gnawing at a lot of plausibility. But then it bereaves you when things kind of speed up. You don't see the Ancient One taking Strange for a ride after he begins learning stuff, which in fact, sadly pulls off the plug from reality.
You come back wondering – it's a comic after all. Stephen's transformation into the superhero we think he is, gets affected owing to that, and it heads into your vantage of Marvel's illusion almost immediately.
Doctor Strange Movie Editing
Editing, I am afraid, hasn't been done properly either. As the movie quickly gallops towards an astral perspective, you see a lot of scenes getting chopped off mid-way, in order to move on. Viewers aren't allowed to have a proper focus when it's the learning hour for him.
To the point where the learning of Dr. Strange begins, the flick works seamlessly with ample plausibility. And then in order to move the story forward you see frequent time lapses making it chug at the speed of bullet.
Also, the fact that there is no calm sieving explanation of how and why laws of physics are bent in their worlds or how it all functions. I wish Ancient One had taken him for a ride explaining their ways of living, even though it would have been a spiritual sojourn, it would still have made things a tad more believable.
The Final Verdict
At the end of the day, Doctor Strange remains a character in Marvel's colossal database. And that too one of the finest ones! MCU has been blessed with Benedict's presence now. I guess it is time to show him crossing ways with the other Sherlock. Can't wait for that!
With Benedict joining the elite house of the Avengers, things are endearingly heading towards the ultimate act of badassery. And Thanos wink intended.
Yes there are end credit scenes. Two of them. So you can wait if you like fitting pieces in the puzzle.
Here's another cool article I wrote a case study on Hulk's cardinal sedative. Check it out.
You can also check out the trailer of Doctor Strange movie here:


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This Google Analytics for WordPress plugin enables you to track your site using the latest Google Analytics tracking code and allows you to view key Google Analytics stats in your WordPress install.
In addition to a set of general Google Analytics stats, in-depth Page reports and in-depth Post reports allow further segmentation of your analytics data, providing performance details for each post or page from your website.
The Google Analytics tracking code is fully customizable through options and hooks, allowing advanced data collection like custom dimensions and events.
Google Analytics Real-Time Stats
Google Analytics reports, in real-time, in your dashboard screen:
- Real-time number of visitors
- Real-time acquisition channels
- Real-time traffic sources details
Google Analytics Reports
The Google Analytics reports you need, on your dashboard, in your All Posts and All Pages screens, and on site's frontend:
- Sessions, organic searches, page views, bounce rate analytics stats
- Locations, pages, referrers, keywords, 404 errors analytics stats
- Traffic channels, social networks, traffic mediums, search engines analytics stats
- Device categories, browsers, operating systems, screen resolutions, mobile brands analytics stats
In addition, you can control who can view specific Google Analytics reports by setting permissions based on user roles.
Google Analytics Tracking
Installs the latest Google Analytics tracking code and allows full code customization:
- Universal Google Analytics (analytics.js) tracking code
- Global Site Tag (gtag.js) tracking code
- Enhanced link attribution
- Remarketing, demographics and interests tracking
- Page Speed sampling rate control
- User sampling rate control
- Cross domain tracking
- Exclude user roles from tracking
- Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) support for Google Analytics
- Ecommerce support for Google Analytics
User privacy oriented features:
- IP address anonymization
- option to follow Do Not Track (DNT) sent by browsers
- support for user tracking opt-out
Google Analytics Dashboard for WP enables you to easily track events like:
- Downloads
- Emails
- Outbound links
- Affiliate links
- Fragment identifiers
- Telephone
- Page Scrolling Depth
- Custom event categories, actions and labels using annotated HTML elements
With Google Analytics Dashboard for WP you can use custom dimensions to track:
- Authors
- Publication year
- Publication month
- Categories
- Tags
- User engagement
Actions and filters are available for further Google Analytics tracking code customization.
Google Tag Manager Tracking
As an alternative to Google Analytics tracking code, you can use Google Tag Manager for tracking:
- Google Tag Manager code
- Data Layer variables: authors, publication year, publication month, categories, tags, user type
- Exclude user roles from tracking
- Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) support for Google Tag Manager
Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) features
- Google Tag Manager basic tracking
- Google Analytics basic tracking
- Automatically removes amp/ from Google Analytics tracking page URL
- Scrolling depth tracking
- Custom dimensions tracking
- User sampling rate control
- Form submit tracking
- File downloads tracking
- Affiliate links tracking
- Hashmarks, outbound links, telephones and e-mails tracking
- Custom event categories, actions and labels using annotated HTML elements
Google Analytics Dashboard for WP on Multisite
This plugin is fully compatible with multisite network installs, allowing three setup modes:
- Mode 1: network activated using multiple Google Analytics accounts
- Mode 2: network activated using a single Google Analytics account
- Mode 3: network deactivated using multiple Google Analytics accounts
Google Analytics Dashboard for WP on GitHub
You can submit feature requests or bugs on the Google Analytics Dashboard for WP by ExactMetrics Github repository.
You can translate Google Analytics Dashboard for WP on translate.wordpress.org.
Google Analytics Dashboard for WP it's released under the GPLv2, you can use it free of charge on your personal or commercial website.
- Upload the full google-analytics-dashboard-for-wp directory into your wp-content/plugins directory.
- In WordPress select Plugins from your sidebar menu and activate the Google Analytics Dashboard for WP plugin.
- Open the plugin configuration page, which is located under Google Analytics menu.
- Authorize the plugin to connect to Google Analytics using the Authorize Plugin button.
- Go back to the plugin configuration page, which is located under Google Analytics menu to update/set your settings.
- Go to Google Analytics -> Tracking Code to configure/enable/disable tracking.
- Do I have to insert the Google Analytics tracking code manually?
No, once the plugin is authorized and a default domain is selected the Google Analytics tracking code is automatically inserted in all webpages.
- Some settings are missing in the video tutorial
We are constantly improving Google Analytics Dashboard for WP, sometimes the video tutorial may be a little outdated.
- How can I suggest a new feature, contribute or report a bug?
You can submit pull requests, feature requests and bug reports on our GitHub repository.
- Documentation, Tutorials and FAQ
For documentation, tutorials, FAQ and videos check out: Google Analytics Dashboard for WP by ExactMetrics documentation.
Contributors & Developers
"Google Analytics Dashboard for WP by ExactMetrics (formerly GADWP)" is open source software. The following people have contributed to this plugin.Līdzdalībnieki
"Google Analytics Dashboard for WP by ExactMetrics (formerly GADWP)" has been translated into 31 locales. Thank you to the translators for their contributions.
Translate "Google Analytics Dashboard for WP by ExactMetrics (formerly GADWP)" into your language.
Interested in development?
Browse the code, check out the SVN repository, or subscribe to the development log by RSS.
Izmaiņu žurnāls
- Adds ability for users to apply to be the first to try new features
Bug Fixes:
- Compatibility fixes for the newly released PHP 7.4 version.
- Enhancements:
- Fixes conflict with WordFence
- Updates dependency libraries.
- Confirms compatibility with WordPress 5.1 and 5.2.
- Updates dependency libraries.
- Confirms compatibility with WordPress 5.0.
- Replaces "Cheating Huh?"" with "You don't have permission to do this" to align the error message with recent WP core changes. (core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/38332)
- Bug Fixes:
- Re-tagging release to fix a deployment issue.
- Enhancements:
- Adds more robust settings to control various ExactMetrics configuration warnings.
- Adds the ability to opt-into usage tracking.
- Bug Fixes:
- Updated endpoint for GA auth to use updated system.
- Fixed a bug where the opt-out and exclude DNT options were listed twice.
- Bug Fixes:
- fixes for user opt-out feature
- Enhancements:
- use gadwp_useroptout shortcode to easily generate opt-out buttons and links, more details
- adding gadwp_gtag_commands and gadwp_gtag_script_path hooks to allow further gtag (Global Site Tag) code customization
- adds opt-out and DNT support for Google Tag Manager
- Bug Fixes:
- avoid tracking issues by not clearing the profiles list on automatic token resets
- Bug Fixes:
- frontend_item_reports PHP notice when upgrading from a version lower than v22.214.171.124
- Enhancements:
- adds full support for Global Site Tag (gtag.js)
- remove Scroll Depth functionality, since this is now available as a trigger on Google Tag Manager
- adds custom dimensions support for AMP pages with Google Tag Manager tracking
- adds support for button submits
- Bug Fixes:
- form submit events were not following the non-interaction settings
- Bug Fixes:
- fixing a small reporting issue
- Enhancements:
- add Google Analytics user opt-out support
- add option to exclude tracking for users sending the Do Not Track header
- add System tab to Errors & Debug screen
- check to avoid using a redeemed access code
- Bug Fixes:
- remove a debugging message
- cURL options were overwritten during regular API calls
- Enhancements:
- more informative alerts and suggestions on the authorization screen
- disable autocomplete for the access code input field to avoid reuse of the same unique authorization code
- GADWP Endpoint improvements
- Error reporting improvements
- introducing the gadwp_maps_api_key filter
- Bug Fixes:
- use the theme color palette for the frontend widget
- Enhancements:
- avoid submitting empty error reports
- Bug Fixes:
- fixes a bug for custom PHP cURL options
- Enhancements:
- improvements on exponential backoff system
- introduces a new authentication method with endpoints
- multiple updates of plugin's options
- code cleanup
- improvements on error reporting system
- option to report errors to developer
- move the upgrade notice from the Dashboard to plugin's settings page
- enable PHP cURL proxy support using WordPress settings, props by Joe Hobson
- hide unusable options based on plugin's settings
- Bug Fixes:
- some thrown errors were not displayed on Errors & Debug screen
- analytics icon disappears from post list after quick edit, props by karex
- fix for inline SVG links, props by Andrew Minion
- fixes a bug on affiliate events tracking
The full changelog is available here.

subset: commoncrawl


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MSI Wind Top AE1900
Touchscreen all-in-one PC
Being based on the Intel Atom, the AE1900 consumes very little power – only 45W in full operation, which is far less than a conventional PC/monitor combo. The system is also quiet, although certainly not silent. Switching it on causes you to be greeted with a rush of air as the cooling fan spins into action. Thankfully, it slows down after a few seconds to a far less intrusive noise level that MSI claims it should never exceed 26db.
Additional USB ports and SD card slot on the left side
Like many netbooks, the AE1900 ships with and is designed to run Windows XP Home Edition. XP is designed to be pointed at with a mouse, not poked with a finger so MSI has cooked up a custom finger-friendly interface, 'MSI Wind Touch', which makes the whole system easier to operate with the touch interface.
It's essentially just a program launcher filled with extra-large icons grouped into four categories: Work, Fun, Tool and Web. You can choose which installed programs you want to appear in the interface by entering the configuration mode and simply activating them from check boxes.
Of course, you're not forced to use the touchscreen: A full-size low-profile keyboard and mouse are provided, both of which are, alas, of the wired USB variety. You'll probably find the screen is good enough for you not to need the mouse, but using MSI's on-screen keyboard software is nowhere near as easy to type on as the physical version. If it had just been a little bit narrower it would have been small enough to tuck away under the monitor's feet to save space when not in use but, unfortunately, this is not the case.
The package comes with a get a decent bundle of applications, including Cyberlink multimedia software and some of MSI's own rather bizarre games designed to show off the webcam by letting you shoot down aliens or control animated characters by moving your head around.
Various operational buttons on the right side
We found the touchscreen system pleasantly easy to use. If you sweep windows quickly around the screen, then you'll notice a tiny lag, but in general it's accurate, responsive and intuitive. Surfing Web pages is especially easy and fun using this method.
Sponsored: Detecting cyber attacks as a small to medium business


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This week we reported that Kim DePaola is being sued by a jeweler named Constantino Frangopolous. He claims in his lawsuit that Kim ripped off his designs and sold them as her own.
Kim D., who featured her jewelry on episodes of Real Housewives of New Jersey, fired back in true Kim D. fashion with our quote of the day:
"It's complete bulls**t! I never met this guy before in my life! He is going to find out real soon who the big boys are! I have the most powerful attorney on the planet. I am suing for punitive damages."
There you have it. Kim isn't playing around. Game on.
Photo Credit: Instagram


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Peregrine Frequently Asked Questions
Where are Peregrine Falcons found?
Peregrines live on all continents except Antarctica. Three subspecies of Peregrines are native to the United States, and the American Peregrine Falcon is the one you're most likely to see here in the Midwest. We have 20+ pairs of Peregrines right here in the Chicagoland area.
How fast do Peregrines fly?
In level flying, a Peregrine's typical speed is 40-55 mph. And while cheetahs are the fastest mammals on Earth, reaching speeds of 60 miles per hour, Peregrines can attain speeds of over 200 mph when diving (called "stooping") on their prey.
What do Peregrines eat?
Peregrines are aerial hunters that capture their prey while in flight—which means their diet is predominantly birds (although they'll feed on bats, too).
Are Peregrines effective in reducing the Pigeon population?
Peregrines cannot be relied upon to patrol a particular building for Pigeons. Peregrines are wild birds that travel anywhere within their large territory. A breeding pair of Peregrines typically hunts within a territory measuring two to five square miles. The population of Pigeons in this territory will always far outnumber Peregrines, because pigeons breed incredibly rapidly and Peregrines don't eat only Pigeons.
Do Peregrines have natural predators?
Although Peregrines rarely suffer from predation, Great-horned Owls and Golden Eagles will occasionally kill a Peregrine. (Most likely these predators will be able to take down only an immature or sick bird.)
How endangered was the Peregrine Falcon?
By the time biologists realized the magnitude of our Peregrine decline, approximately 90% of the historic North American population was lost. To help repair the damage in the Midwest, environmental groups released a total of 1,772 Peregrines over time, from 1981-1997. Peregrines have since made a marked recovery, resulting in the bird's removal from the Federal Endangered Species List. Although Peregrines still remain endangered in some states, in Illinois, the population has rebounded. In fact, our Peregrine status has been upgraded from "Endangered" to "Threatened."
How big are Peregrines?
Peregrine's weigh about 1.25-2.75 pounds and have an average body length of 15-20 inches. Female Peregrines are larger than males.
Do Peregrines ever attack the scientists who check on their nests?
Like most animals, Peregrines will often defend their nests. However, they don't use their talons to tear at an infringing scientist. They merely bump the interloper with the back of their knuckles in an attempt to knock him or her away from the nest. To protect themselves from parents who might become aggressive, scientists always wear helmets and thick jackets while examining the nest
What is falconry?
Falconry is the art of hunting using trained birds of prey. In the Middle Ages, falconry was called the "sport of kings." The species a person flew was dictated by their social rank.
Golden Eagle, Vulture, & Merlin
Gyrfalcon (male & female)
Female Peregrine
Rock Falcon (subspecies of the Peregrine)
Male Peregrine
Lanner Falcon
Female Merlin
Goshawk or Hobby
Female Sparrowhawk
Holywater clerk
Male Sparrowhawk
Knaves, Servants, Children
Old World Kestrel


text:
Teaching Teachers the Power of Place:
An Introduction
Images top to bottom:
Historic house located in the West End
Historic District of Waxahachie, Texas, Photo courtesy of Flickr's Creative Commons;
The Aloha Theatre and
Cafe, Kainaliu, Hawai'i, Photo courtesy of Flickr's Creative Commons; Christine
Falls Bridge, Mount Rainier National
Park, Photo courtesy of Beth Boland.
The Power of Place
Historic places cover the vast American landscape. From national parks to sites that embody local history, each of these places has an important historic narrative to tell, each can engage the minds and activate the curiosity of students, and each provides Americans a genuine encounter with the past. The powerful and intriguing nature of historic places provides teachers with an invaluable opportunity to help students appreciate the connection between their lives and the historic narratives, themes, and ideas of our nation's past. Such connections enable educators to use places to teach a variety of subjects, as well as to create fulfilling service learning activities that both reinforce learning and benefit the community.
Teaching and Learning
Teaching with and learning from historic places are skills that can be taught, acquired, and perfected, just as is the successful use of documents and artifacts to investigate the past. With the help of a team of educators, public historians, and others, and with the support of the National Park Service's National Center for Preservation Technology and Training, the Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) program has created "Teaching Teachers the Power of Place."
This new section of the TwHP website provides professors of education and their pre-service students, curriculum specialists, instructors of in-service programming, and classroom teachers with a vast array of materials that discuss and display effective techniques for using historic places in and out of the classroom.
Professional Development
Teaching Teachers the Power of Place helps equip teachers with the knowledge and effective techniques for using historic places to engage students in active learning. Throughout Teaching Teachers the Power of Place are helpful articles, guides, presentations, and resources.
Please enjoy browsing and using this addition to our website. We also encourage you to direct any comments or questions to the discussion section of this site. Enjoy discovering the "power of place."
• Teaching Teachers the Power of Place
• TwHP Program Homepage
• Professional Development
• Using Places
• Site Map
• Places in Methods Courses
• Field Studies
• Youth Summits Guide
• TwHP Periodicals
• The NR Can Help Teachers
• Methods Course Outline
• Historical Inquiry Lesson
• Create Your Own Lesson
• Learning Skills
• TwHP Lesson Pedagogy
• Workshop Agendas
• "Power of Place" PowerPoint
• TwHP Intro Film
• TwHP Intro PowerPoint (half hour)
• TwHP Intro PowerPoint (one hour)
• TwHP Lesson Plans
• TwHP Bibliography
• Heritage Education Tools
• National Register of Historic Places
- Homepage
- Database
- Flickr
- The NR Can Help Teachers
• Other NPS Education:
- Archeology
- "Defenders"
- Great American Landmarks
- LearnNPS
- Museum Objects
- Service Learning
• State Historic Preservation Officers
• National Trust
• Dept. Ed. FREE
• History Ed. Clearinghouse
• TwHP Feedback
• Send Your Comments


text: Only five episodes have been released for HBO's new crime drama The Night Of and already it has gained audience and critical acclaim. Based on the BBC series Criminal Justice, The Night Of chronicles the investigation and possible prosecution of a young man named Naz who wakes up after a night of drugs and passion to find his new acquaintance dead. The show follows Naz down the rabbit hole of the American criminal justice system and those associated with the case.


text:
The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who
Sir Stanley Reed
Bennett, Coleman., 1972 - India
Issues for 1919-47 include Who's who in India; 1948, Who's who in India and Pakistan.
From inside the book
87 pages matching Gujarat in this book
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Political Map of India
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Agents agricultural Ahmedabad Andhra Pradesh Assam Association Bangalore Bazar Bihar Bldg Blind Bombay Bombay-1 Branch Calcutta Canal Capt cent Central Centre Chemicals Coir Corporation Cotton Council Dealers Delhi Dist district Education Electrical ENGINEERING Equipment Estate Exporters Factory Family Planning Fourth Plan Gandhi Government Govt Grams Gujarat Haryana hectares Himachal Pradesh Hospital Hotel House Hyderabad Importers India Industrial Jammu Kashmir Kerala Kumar Leprosy Machinery Madhya Pradesh Madras Maharashtra Manufacturers Marg Medical College Merchants Metal MFRS million hectares million tonnes Mills Mysore Nagar Nagpur National Office Organisation Orissa P.O. Box Pakistan Phone plant Plastic Poona Posthumous PRIVATE LTD production programme Punjab Rajasthan Regd river Road Rubber scheme School sector silk Singh Society Stage Station Steel Stockists Street Tamil Nadu Telex Textile tion tonnes Tripura units upto Uttar Pradesh Vth Plan West Bengal Wire


text:
Ledermann's St Andrews interview
|Scottish index
|History Topics Index
We interviewed Walter Ledermann in St Andrews in September 2000.
Part 1: Parents and upbringing
EFR: Could you tell us something about your parents.
My father was born in Berlin, although his father came from a part which is now Polish and he was originally a schoolteacher. Because in my father's school there were both Polish and German speaking children, my father was bilingual. I never met my grandfather because he died the year I was born.
My parents, my father certainly, entirely felt himself to be German. He had a German name, and was born in Berlin. In the First World War he was called up as a doctor in the medical service, became a captain in the army, was sent to the front in Belgium and France, and so on. He was a very patriotic German, and whatever he saved as a doctor he bought German Government bonds to support the government. Then came hyperinflation in 1922 when money was completely wiped out. In the end, after one year, the new currency was introduced at the rate of 1 to 1012. One billion old marks was one new mark.
Then my father got a letter from the bank where he had been saving his assets, saying, "Dear doctor we have, of course, all your savings, your Government bonds etc, and if you would be kind enough to come here and collect them, we will be at your disposal. But we cannot send them to you by post because their total value is less than the stamps ..."
So my father, at the age of 55, was a total pauper and he had to start again. I remember I was about 11 years old and had already started violin lessons. My mother found out that one of the professors at the High School for Music in Berlin, who would normally only take professionals, would be willing to take anybody for the money. So I was introduced as a boy of eleven to this Professor - a man with a long white beard - I was terrified of this man.
My mother said "Would you teach my boy?" "Oh yes alright, come next week with your violin and I'll give you a lesson". Then my mother said, "May I ask what is your fee for teaching?" He said, "Its no use telling you a figure now because in a weeks time it will be worth virtually nothing. So I will tell you, therefore, that I want from you the equivalent of a loaf of bread for giving a lesson to your boy." So before I went to the lesson my mother sent me to the baker to ask how much a loaf of bread is today. I came back and said "It's 55,000 marks", so my mother took the banknotes and put them in an envelope and told me to take them to the Professor. At the end of the lesson I gave it to the Professor and he took the envelope and opened it. He was quiet for a moment, then he said "Tell your mother I'm an old man and I do not have a good stomach and I can only digest white bread, not the usual rye bread that we all eat. Would you please next time give me the equivalent of a white loaf of bread." This was how we lived for one year.
When the year was over the new currency was introduced and the old one was of course totally worthless. But I collected the banknotes to play with my friends - snakes and ladders where you put money - and I still have these notes to this day. I have a whole shoebox full of these inflation banknotes of that one year. Some of them are very interesting, for example the Germans were silly, they had no sense of direction. They made elaborate designs on 500,000 mark notes with Martin Luther, or whatever picture, but by the time they had finished the design the notes had become completely worthless so they printed across in red letters 5 million marks and I have this today and this is how it went on.
After that year my father was completely impoverished. I remember we had to pay a little each year for school fees, not much - about 5 marks. My father didn't have that. He asked one of his patients, a banker, "Can you lend me 5 marks please, I have to send my boy to school and I haven't got five marks". So this man, the banker, paid my school fees.
EFR: Did you had enough to eat?
We had enough staple food which you could buy and my father got money as he went along. Sometimes my father's patients didn't have enough money to pay and they gave him a sack of flour. One day he got 5 kilos of salt which is not much use but he brought this home. Once he even got a live chicken! And that is how we lived.
Gradually he had enough income. He got a regular salary, he was engaged to look after the very poorest people, who were so poor they couldn't even pay the National Insurance stamp. So he got a small salary for being a paupers doctor. He was very popular, everybody knew him and as he went along the streets everyone said "Good morning, doctor."
We benefited to some extent from his popularity. One of his patients was a taxi driver, who had his taxi nearby and took this taxi to the centre of Berlin on business in the morning. But it so happened that going to the centre passed my school, so he picked me up at 8 o'clock in the morning and he dropped me off at the school which was only one mile away, I could easily have walked. All my school mates were terribly envious because Ledermann comes in a taxi! It was a school in a rather poor district and nobody had a car, of course. My father never owned a car, he did his round with a coach and horse.
EFR: Was this where your first interest in mathematics came, at that school?
Yes, at that school when I was then about 10 or 11, it was 1920-21. That was the time for us to have our first lesson in mathematics. Latin started at age 9, then Greek came later on but mathematics at age 11. But there were no teachers to teach us mathematics for they were caught up in the First World War and had not been dismissed, and so the mathematics teaching was undertaken by the arts master, who taught us drawing but, of course, he was not a mathematician. But he read up a little bit of Euclid from the textbook so that he could tell us about triangles and whatever that he had learnt himself. Then he came to this theorem, that the sum of the angles of the triangle is exactly 180 degrees, and this should be true for any triangle at any time in the future. I was so impressed by this universal truth, which wasn't in itself absolutely world shaking, but it was something which was absolutely true and at that time, at age about 11, I thought I would be a mathematician! Something that was absolutely true, not like a religion or something you have to believe.
EFR: Mathematics didn't come from your parents then?
No, my parents were not at all mathematical. My father was like me, educated in the classical tradition. His Latin was so good. In those days doctors would use Latin phrases when conversing with other doctors so that patients would not understand. They would meet, two doctors, and discuss a case and speak in Latin.
JJO'C: Even until comparatively recent times they would write prescriptions in Latin.
When my father went to the war in 1915/16, and I was already starting school, he wrote me letters in Latin. They were delivered by the Red Cross from where he was working at the front in a military hospital. He was very fluent with his Latin. So, at age 9 we started 6 lessons a week in Latin. I remember one day the Latin teacher couldn't come and we were taken by the deputy headmaster, who was an old professor, and he said he would not teach us anymore but he would tell us some fairy tales, the seven dwarfs or that type of thing, but he would tell us them in Latin. He told us these fairy tales, which we knew, Cinderella etc in Latin.
Then came Greek and French but I couldn't manage French very well. I was sent to France once as a schoolboy - this was also quite ironical. In those days the League of Nations quite rightly tried to make peace between the German and French nations, who had been fighting each other for centuries. They thought, probably quite rightly, one of the ways would be to change the children from each nation. So they sent circulars round for people volunteering to go on the exchange. Ironically they decided that I was a typical German boy and they selected me to go to France on this peace mission; I was 15 then, it was 1926. I was sent to the home of a French chemist, they couldn't find a doctor like my father, but the nearest they could find was a pharmacist and I went to Châlons-sur-Marne, one of the cities in the eastern part of France, and I stayed with that family and even went to school there because their school holidays started later than ours. I went to school with Pierre, my exchange student of my age, I went to mathematics lessons in French and even to the German lesson. Finding I could speak German fluently, I was very popular with the teacher who taught German!
EFR: How long were you there for?
About 5 or 6 weeks. We would cycle together in this part of France; this part was devastated by the First World War. We saw the Marne, the city, and the military cemeteries which were kept very well by the government. It was absolutely shattering; we went with our bicycles to the cemeteries and there would be 20,000 or 30,000 graves of allied soldiers with white crosses, sometimes with consecutive numbers, New Zealanders, British, Canadians. Then there was a hedge and behind it black crosses, these were the German soldiers that had been killed.
EFR: Of course this is what Aitken had gone through.
That's right. And when I saw this, I was only 15, I formed the opinion that France would never be able to fight again. It was a broken nation, physically and mentally broken by this experience. When Hitler came, so many German Jews very stupidly went to France because that was the cultural centre of Europe. I said I will go anywhere but not to France -they were a broken people and would not stand up to Hitler.
You asked about my parents. Yes, my father was a very busy doctor. My mother was brought up in a very German household. She was Jewish but did not go to the Synagogue because she was an orthodox Jew and in the Synagogue men and women had to sit separately, and she said she would not do this, she protested about this. Even her father, a well to do business man in Berlin - quite a wealthy man - remained Jewish but completely assimilated and when my mother was sent to school, a girls school of course, the Jewish girls there had special instruction with a Hebrew teacher to teach them Hebrew prayers. Her father wrote a letter to the headmistress saying "I do not want my daughter to be sent to the Hebrew class - if she wants to pray to God she can pray in German." She remained very German and was well versed in German literature and used to recite long poems to us in German, Goethe etc, everything in German.
EFR: So, when you were at school you became interested in mathematics, and then you trained as a schoolteacher?
Yes, that's right. I was good at mathematics and also good at Latin, so good at Latin that I skipped a whole semester and when I left school, with my certificate of maturity, I was only 17.
Part 2: Undergraduate university career
Throughout my first semester at University I had still not reached my 18th birthday. I was very lucky because I had finished before Hitler made it impossible. Anyway, I was good at classics but I was even better at mathematics and I was enthusiastic about going to be a mathematics student in Berlin with Erhardt Schmidt and so on. There were two ways open to me. Either to take a PhD, which was not then a postgraduate degree, you could go straight for a PhD on entering University, or you could go to be a school teacher and do the state diploma, which was to be the scientific part of it, later to be followed by teachers training which was completely independent. My father, quite rightly, said "You are only 17, you don't know whether you will ever be able to write an original research paper on mathematics or a dissertation and you must have a profession, you must have a living. You can't be sure you can make a living as a University Don. So, you will become a schoolmaster." Therefore I entered university to become a schoolmaster. However, the academic side was almost exactly the same as that for a PhD candidate, worse even. For a schoolteacher you had to do two subjects to be fully trained, in my case mathematics and physics, whereas a candidate for a doctorate would only do mathematics. A PhD candidate could do physics if he wanted to but for me it was compulsory - I was forced to do physics. I had no knowledge of physics because at the school where I was taught we had virtually no science.
EFR: And this is where you were taught by Planck.
Yes and Nernst. Nernst taught experimental physics and Planck theoretical physics, and later Schrödinger, and there was another physics lecturer who was a good teacher but not a famous researcher.
EFR: These were very famous physicists.
I know, but Schrödinger was too clever for me, and I went to the other one to be examined. I went to Schrödinger's lectures of course for three years, and Planck and Nernst, he was a great character. All the time I did laboratory work and I had to do experiments and I had to be tested by the supervisor to see that I had done sufficiently good work. We had to share the bench, there were always two of us to carry out the experiment and we had to write it up. At one time I was paired with Helmut Wielandt. We went to all the lectures together - we were great friends and I am still in touch with him. He is going to celebrate his 90th birthday in December this year. Wielandt was going to be a doctor. He said, "You must do this physics laboratory." There was some kind of electric motor; we had to make a graph of the outcome, but neither of us had the faintest idea what this was going to be. I said to Wielandt, "I will go to the library and I'll read up a book on experimental physics about this experiment and I'll come back and tell you about what the outcome should be." I came back and said that the outcome should be a straight line. So Wielandt said, "You do the reading of the machine and I will do the plotting." He was good at writing and took the graph paper and I started running this thing. I read out the reading and after a while I managed to get another one and he said, "We are already beaten." I said, "Look there two points, you can always draw a straight line through any two points!" "Alright", he said, "go on." He was very pessimistic - I always remember that.
Wielandt was great company. He would be always dreaming about something. He would be walking along dreaming that one day he would prove Herr Fermat's theorem, or this or that other conjecture. He was also a very good mathematician. He worked with Schur and he was a doctoral candidate, but the lectures we attended together, Wielandt and I. He was a German of course and stayed behind when I left. He was drafted into the German army and I believe he had a very bad experience. I think he went to Russia and I believe he suffered a nervous breakdown. When he came back after the war, he visited Britain and America quite frequently and one year he went to Warwick. Maybe you were even there then. (EFR: Yes I was there at the time.)
They put him up in Warwick at a hostel which was adjacent to the Students Union and he could not bear the all night concerts/ discotheques. He was very musical and he played the violin very well. The loud music drove him mad. He turned up at our home in Brighton in Sussex. He said, "I am staying in Warwick but at the weekend I just cannot bear to be there!" He asked if he could stay with us! We put him up, we had a large house. We went on Sunday to the sea front in Brighton and exchanged memories and so on. My wife would talk of her psychiatric work (she was a Jungian psychoanalyst) and she talked a little bit about her work but Wielandt stopped her because of his own personal experience. I think he spent some time in a mental hospital. He had a breakdown. He said, "You don't have to tell me, I know from inside this sort of thing." That's why he couldn't bear the noise from the Union. He was very nervous and highly strung. He stayed with us and he gave us a nice present, I still have it - a Mozart string quintet record.
EFR: Schur had the biggest influence on you?
By far, I was absolutely captivated by Schur. I wrote about 300 lectures in fair copy in cloth bound books which I had until quite recently, running to something like 2000 pages of Schur's lectures. Only two years ago, when we had the International Congress in Berlin, they were very kind to me there, I donated them because nobody could read them. Not only were they written in German, they were written in Gothic script, which even Germans can't read now. I can even now and it was quite useful. Have you come across the book by Charlie Curtis about the pioneers of representation theory? I transcribed the letters of Emmy Noether who wrote to Richard Brauer, postcards, even letters about their work. They were written not only in German but in Gothic script and nobody could decipher them in America because the German émigrés they had there were younger people, and Charlie sent them all to me and I translated all the letters. Some were very interesting, so I gave these letters to the Library in Berlin, the Humboldt University.
Only the other day I found that I still have the set of exercises which Schur gave us for his course on determinants and matrices which may be of interest to you for your linear algebra. I picked them up only yesterday. He gave exercise classes, which were compulsory, once a week. He came in, he wrote on the board maybe six problems in his own handwriting and sometimes when it was a difficult problem he said, "This is quite a difficult problem" and made one sloping line against it. Very rarely, perhaps once a year, he would set a problem which was really difficult and he gave it two sloping lines!! Those of us who were ambitious, we worked there the whole week and we to hand them in. Exercises were never done on the spot, we had time to do them at home and then hand them in. He did not mark the exercises or discuss them, this was done by Alfred Brauer. So when Schur had given the exercises, after 20 minutes or so, he left the classroom and Alfred Brauer took over. He went over the problems from the previous week and very seldom, when somebody had given a really good solution, he was called on to go to the blackboard and show it to the other people. It was a frightening experience, standing there in front of 200 to 300 people. I owe a lot to Brauer, he was very careful, meticulous, and I still have the remarks he made. Some are standard problems on determinants, but others are quite tricky things, about matrices and so on. This is how I learnt this from Schur, and other topics like invariants and other things.
Every year Schur gave two courses, one elementary and one more advanced. There would be determinants and matrices, he did not use the term linear algebra, and also the theory of ideals, algebraic numbers and so on, or invariants, or some advanced work on algebraic numbers and ideal theory. Then there was Galois theory, group theory, and so on. Covering the whole field from the most elementary bits about matrices and determinants right up to quite difficult things. Then, in my very last year (1932), just before the Nazis came to power, he gave a course for the first time on representation theory, and group characters, which at that time were not at all part of the syllabus. I wrote this out as well. This was quite valuable and I gave this to Charlie Curtis when he wrote his book The pioneers of representation theory.
He had in front of him my set of notes and I remember Schur saying that this theory of group characters, originally purely an algebraic theory due to Frobenius and Burnside, nowadays has become even the object of some interest to applied mathematicians even to so called chemistry, using the symmetry of molecules! I believe they used even character theory. This was 1932 and I finished the course when Hitler came.
Part 3: The Nazis and escape
EFR: After the Nazis came to power, what did it feel like?
It was terrible. Of course, I had seen it coming. For me it was not a surprise. I had been sufficiently well versed in the history of German anti-Semitism, going back to Martin Luther who already advocated something like genocide. He said the Jews should all be locked up in their synagogues and the synagogues set alight. That was about 1520. And then Richard Wagner who wrote this notorious pamphlet about the Jews where he tears Mendelssohn's music to pieces saying that it has no value, it is for insects. All this I knew perfectly well. The only time I was away from Berlin was to do my chemistry lab in Marburg (1931, I think). Nobody spoke to me except one boy whose father was a general in the army. He was very nationalistic but because he was an aristocrat he didn't like the Nazis who were plebeian to him. He would sometimes go for a drink with me. Everybody else was Nazi and wouldn't talk to me at all. When Hitler finally came to power, all the Jewish faculty were dismissed instantly, including Schur who was not allowed to come even to the library any more.
However Erhardt Schmidt, who was the decent sort of German, found that in the regulations of the Nazis there was a clause to say that these dismissals would not apply to two types of non-Aryan:
1) those who had fought in the First World War in the German army on the front, and
2) those who had during the First World War held a position making them German/Prussian civil servants.
The first of these applied to Alfred Brauer who had been a soldier (EFR: He was wounded), and yes, he was badly wounded, and the second applied to Schur because in 1916 he was an extraordinary professor at Bonn, so had effectively become a Prussian civil servant.
So, Schmidt applied this clause. He went to Goebbels and said, "You must abide by your own law and reinstate Schur for this reason", and he was reinstated. He could then come to the University but he was not allowed to lecture. For supervision of my dissertation, I had to go to his house. It was nice to meet with him, he lived in a suburb of Berlin, to see him and his wife and talk not only about mathematics but also about the Jews. He said, "I can read the English Times which is still allowed", all the other papers were taken over by the Nazis. I cannot bear this. And then the time came for me to have my exam, the oral, and he was allowed to come to take this examination in mathematics for one hour. Also, a co-examiner was expected to come. They did not normally ask questions but would take a record, more like a secretary. This co-examiner was, unfortunately, none other than Bieberbach, who appeared in Nazi uniform, brown shirt and swastika. He came and sat down to take notes about what Schur was asking me. But I must say he was quite fair. He didn't interfere and I got a very good result.
There was no Faculty of Science in Berlin at that time, so anybody who was not a Divinity or Jurisprudence or Medical student or Chemist had to pass an examination in Philosophy. This was a half hour oral exam, which was a big problem for me because I was told that all the professors of Philosophy had become Nazis, or sympathisers of the Nazis. There was one professor at the Technical University who was also an examiner, a man called Meltser, who was a Roman Catholic so probably not a Nazi. At the beginning the Roman Catholics had their own party, called the Centre party, who were not directly connected with the Nazis, and in fact some of them even opposed them. So, I went to Prof Meltser and asked if he would take me on as a candidate. He said, "You're a mathematician, all right, you have to read certain books on philosophy, then I will take you on". I did read the books of course, and he came at the set date six months later, in November 1933, to examine me. For some reason he was held up by traffic, he was late and very nervous. I was the first candidate and he apologised for being late. He said, "Yes, I remember you, you are a mathematician, and now this mathematical logic, which you are studying, would you say because of this, the traditional logic of Aristotle is now invalid?" Now I knew what he meant. Being a Roman Catholic, his church's theology was partly based on Aristotle's foundation of logical theory, and he was afraid that we had undermined his beliefs. I said to him "No, the philosophy of Aristotle is different from ours, but it is not invalid, it is similar." He said, " I've always said that -- I'll give you Grade 1, next please!"
So, I got through my Philosophy using psychology rather than my knowledge of Philosophy, which I'm afraid was very meagre, but I knew what he meant, so I got through.
By this time it was November 1933 and I was desperate to leave, and within a few weeks, fortunately, I got this scholarship from St Andrews. I had never heard of St Andrews. I took a big atlas and thought where is this place that I have never heard of and how do I get there. I knew they spoke English there, so I rapidly took some lessons from a friend of my mother who was an English teacher.
[At this point we have inserted a description of events which took place at this time which Walter told us about during his visit to St Andrews in September 2000 but was not part of the taped interview.]
It was Walter's brother who was studying medicine in Edinburgh who heard about the St Andrews scholarships. There were two scholarships, one for a Jewish student from Germany and the other one for a political refugee. Walter's brother quickly wrote to Walter telling him about the scholarships. They were administered by the International Student Service in Geneva and Walter applied. These were scholarships for any subject at St Andrews University and Walter won the scholarship for a Jewish student from Germany.
On the last night before he left Berlin Walter said to his father that he would like to attend the opera. The performance did not begin on time, a most unusual thing to happen. Then Walter found why there was a delay. Hitler came in and sat down. Still the performance did not begin and it was not until Goebbels and Göring also came in that the opera began. They did not know that one of the main parts was sung by a Jewish singer!
On the following day Walter took a train to leave Germany. The journey was certainly not uneventful. Two men in the same carriage as Walter had been overheard by a Nazi as speaking against the regime. They were removed from the train by SS men who told the others in the compartment, including Walter, to throw the men's luggage through the window. There was no further conversation in the carriage for the rest of the journey. Walter heaved a huge sigh of relief when the train reached the Dutch border.
[At this point we return to the transcript of the taped interview.]
My father stayed behind and then more and more his life became impossible. He was not allowed to practice medicine anymore, except for Jewish patients, but soon there weren't any, and then one day he had an accident and he was knocked down in the street by a car. He didn't drive -- he was a pedestrian -- but the car broke both legs and he was taken to hospital. My mother, who was quite a bit younger, took the opportunity to get everything packed together in a transporter. You were not allowed to take money, but you could take furniture and books and personal belongings, and she got the transporter to take all these things to the ship and they sailed from Hamburg , and eventually arrived in Southampton.
Unfortunately the ship was a bit late, so they had to spend the night in Southampton in a bed and breakfast. They were allowed to take ten shillings out, everything else was confiscated. So, they arrived with their ten shillings in Southampton. Their B and B was 7/6d and they arrived at Waterloo station with half a crown - that was all they had. Fortunately I was already a lecturer here at St Andrews, in 1938, and my brother was a doctor in a medical practice in London. We were able to get our parents a little flat in North London where they were accommodated until the war became so bad that they were evacuated to Oxford during the bombing. My father survived and they returned to London. Not only that but at that time, during the war, there was a shortage of British doctors. The young doctors who were medically qualified had all been called up to the army. The British Government relaxed the conditions on foreign doctors, who until that time were obliged to take medical examinations, even although they could do them all in one year. My brother had to do this. For the time being, during the war they were allowed to practice if they wanted to, and my father did. There were a lot of German Jews in the Hampstead area, there still are, and in some parts German was spoken more often than English, so he had a few people who consulted him, until his health broke down, and he died in 1949.
So he survived the war but he was never really at home here - his English was not good enough. He did read a newspaper, with a dictionary, I saw him every morning sitting there looking up every other word. Also the currency, there were 12 pennies in the shilling -- he couldn't understand that! I remember when he got his British citizenship his neighbour, an Englishman, said "Well, aren't you happy now you're British?" He replied, "I'm very glad, but I can't be happy, how can you be happy when half of ten is six!" He would think of sixpence as half a mark.
My mother spoke English quite well, but when my father died, she decided to go and join my two sisters in Israel. They had family, and she wanted to be a useful grandmother, so she lived there for the next 35 years. She lived until she was 97, but never spoke any Hebrew, only English and German. We visited, every other year. We went to Israel. She was in good health until almost the end. I remember visiting her near Haifa, where she lived, and I wanted to go and see Haifa, and she told me there was a bus. I said, "Yes, but how do I ask for a ticket, I don't know any Hebrew." "Don't worry", she said, "the man who drives the bus is a lawyer from Frankfurt!" So we still go to Israel, unfortunately my sisters have died, but we go to see their children, and grandchildren.
Part 4: In St Andrews
EFR: So, that was you in St Andrews in 1934.
When I arrived in St Andrews in 1934, I was completely bewildered. I was 22. I had never been to Britain before. I had virtually no English although I had taken a few lessons. I could just about read but I very soon made friends very soon with the Scottish students, some of whom studied German as a subject. So we practiced on our walks - on the way out, towards the river Eden, we would talk in German and on the way back we spoke English. I was taught by the students.
Turnbull, who was English, not Scottish, was very keen that I would not pick up any Scoticisms and every now and again I would say a Scottish phrase I had picked up from the students. He would be very severe and said, "You mustn't say that". I felt very soon at home. The faculty would invite me to tea; some were going on holidays and wanted to pick up on their German and we would do a little bit of conversation. I did this quite often. Turnbull, a very able and experienced mountaineer, at that time went to Switzerland almost every year. Even on one occasion he climbed the Matterhorn, which is one of the most difficult climbs, with a guide of course. But he never spoke a word of German. He was not a linguist at all.
EFR: It was quite fortunate for you then that Turnbull was working in an area which was reasonably close to yours.
Yes, Schur knew about Turnbull. When I told Schur that I was fortunate to obtain a scholarship to St Andrews he said, "Oh yes, there is Turnbull there". He knew about his work on determinants and also especially on invariants. Yes, that was very fortunate, and I was able to carry on with algebra. The way it came about was that this book by Turnbull and Aitken had just appeared and I went through it very carefully. There were one or two places where there were gaps or possibly things that could be elaborated. One of these things I picked on, it had something to do with tensors of matrices, quite a complicated problem which was not entirely correct, so I did my thesis on this Turnbull and Aitken book. It went alright -- took two years, I think. Yes, I was very fortunate. He tried me on invariants first, but I didn't fancy invariants. I don't know why.
EFR: So what was the system of examining PhD's? Was there somebody from outside St Andrews?
Yes, I don't know who my examiner was. It could possibly have been Aitken, I don't know. There was no oral examination. Is there now?
JJO'C: Yes
There was no oral exam for PhD's in Scottish Universities so I never met the external. Copson said one day "Your thesis was highly recommended, it's a pity we couldn't give you something else." Apparently it was well received, possibly by Aitken, I don't know, because there was no oral. I was given the diploma and I graduated. Then he said go to Edinburgh, Professor Whittaker might help you - and he did - I was so lucky. Every time I had a piece of luck. Whittaker advised me to broaden my mathematical interests and to attend lectures by Aitken on statistics. When that finished, Godfrey Thomson came along, introduced by Aitken, and then came this meeting in 1938, where one of Turnbull's staff left and he was in a fix. He appointed me; I was really lucky all the way through.
[Another insert of details given by Walter, but not during the taped interview.]
When Walter returned to St Andrews in 1938 he was appointed during the summer by Turnbull who now had a vacancy since a member of the St Andrews department had left. The appointment was not welcomed by everyone however and one member of Senate objected to the appointment of a foreigner. Turnbull had to go to the lengths of saying that he would resign if Walter's post was not confirmed before the protest at the appointment of a foreigner was ended. He attended the Edinburgh Mathematical Society Colloquium of 1938 in St Andrews (the last for a number of years due to the war). The previous Edinburgh Mathematical Society Colloquium had been held in St Andrews in the summer of 1934. Walter, arriving in St Andrews in January 1934, had helped with the organisation. Walter gave us lots of details of the participants of these two conferences as we sat examining the conference photographs.
It was while he was at St Andrews that Walter suggested a cheap series of books for undergraduates. His idea was taken up and the Oliver & Boyd series of mathematical texts was born. Despite being the one to come up with the idea Walter could not become an editor since it was felt impossible to have a foreigner take such a role.
[Return to the taped interview.]
We came to Manchester eventually. My wife had been working in the child guidance clinic in Dundee but it was a bit of a problem to travel there. We thought a bigger town might be better for us. I already had an eye on Manchester before that and I went to see Mordell during the war and he offered me a job which he called a lecturer assistant, not an assistant lecturer. "My assistant is a man who has to come at any time I say, to take my lectures when I go away or to keep my list of students." He hated administration. "Or even, if necessary, to go to my home to do babysitting for me!" My wife would have had to do it as well. I said, "No thank you, I'd better go back to St Andrews." Then I met this man, Kurt Mahler, who had this minor and rather demeaning situation where he was a kind of servant to Mordell. He was an interesting man and later I had a lot to do with him.
So, I had an eye on Manchester. It was a large town with a good music tradition with the Hallé Orchestra, opera and so on. There were people like us who had emigrated. I was interviewed after the war; Mordell had left to go to Cambridge, and Manchester University had been taken over by Max Newman and Sydney Goldstein. They decided to make Manchester one of the major centres of mathematics in the country. They advertised jobs immediately. I applied and I was given an interview. Many of the other interviewees had been at Bletchley - they were very clever and had done brilliant work but they had no teaching experience. I, of course, had been eight years at St Andrews and I was quite an experienced teacher. None of them had probably done more teaching, neither had Newman or Goldstein. They had a bit of an eye on me. They asked if I would do service teaching. Yes, I would do service teaching to engineers. Goldstein said, "You may have to teach mathematics to chemists and he was quiet for a moment and then ...".
The tape ends...
Here is a link to Walter Ledermann's biography
Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson. Thanks to Moira Gilruth for help with the transcription.


text:
Letter to the House of Representatives to support the Renewable Energy and Job Creation Act of 2008 (H.R. 6049)
May 21, 2008
Dear Representative:
On behalf of the National Education Association's (NEA) 3.2 million members, we would like to express our support for the Renewable Energy and Job Creation Act of 2008 (H.R. 6049), scheduled for a floor vote this week. This bill includes important provisions that would extend the tax deduction for educators' out-of-pocket classroom supply expenses, the Qualified Zone Academy Bonds (QZAB) school modernization program, and the Child Tax Credit. Votes associated with this issue may be included in the NEA Legislative Report Card for the 110th Congress.
The educator tax deduction helps recognize the financial sacrifices made by teachers and paraprofessionals. Studies show that educators spend more of their own funds each year to supply their classrooms, including purchasing essential items such as pencils, glue, scissors, and facial tissues. For example, NEA's 2003 report Status of the American Public School Teacher, 2000-2001 found that teachers spent an average of $443 a year on classroom supplies. More recently, the National School Supply and Equipment Association found that in 2005-2006, educators spent out of their own pockets an average of $826.00 for supplies and an additional $926 for instructional materials, for a total of $1,752.
The QZAB program has proven to be an efficient and cost-effective way to help disadvantaged communities address pressing renovation and repair needs. QZABs assist school districts in rural and urban communities by providing a financing mechanism to renovate buildings and invest in equipment and technology. Investors receive a federal tax credit equal to the amount of interest payable on the bonds, thereby relieving local taxpayers and municipalities of the interest burden.
The Child Tax Credit provisions would extend the credit to working families who don't earn enough to qualify for the current credit. Many of these are young families, struggling to balance child care and work and who are scraping together a living, while trying simultaneously to make time for their young children.
We urge your support for this important legislation.
Thank you.
Diane Shust, Director of Government Relations
Randall Moody, Manager of Federal Advocacy


text:
'Lunatic' Smith doubles ID card costs for Mancunians
Voluntary rollout addresses vexed 'who am I?' question
Home Secretary Jacqui Smith today confirmed that Manchester volunteers will be allowed to pay a total of £60 for an ID card from later this year. The price tag on the ID card will remain £30, but the Home Office is now estimating the cost of biometric enrollment, payable to the high street stores it hopes to recruit, as a further £30.
And in other news, Smith was described as a "lunatic" by banned US shock jock Michael Savage, now threatening to sue Smith for defamation, and as dead meat by the Sun, which reckons she'll be out of a job any minute now. Or possibly already - busy day, Jacqui.
Even the Home Office concedes that "only a small number of volunteers in Manchester" will be able to enrol for an ID card before the end of the year, and while this is scheduled to happen "from Autumn 2009", the National Identity Service Cost Report, published today, reports that contracts for passport design and production and card design and production are to be awarded "later in 2009".
Nor, despite interest from photographic stores, the National Pharmacy Association and the Post Office, have any High Street partners been signed up yet, far less started rolling out biometric enrollment equipment.
So, small publicity stunt, not many issued? Getting at least some ID cards into the hands of Mancunians will however have some effect in locking the ID card scheme into the system prior to next year's general election. The Home Office also seems to have been relatively successful in convincing sections of the press that much of the claimed cost of ID cards will have to be spent on upgrading to the next generation of biometric passports anyway (£3.95 billion claimed for this), leaving just £1.19 billion specifically being spent on ID cards available for cutting by any incoming Tory administration.
To some extent, this is true, as contracts for the enrollment system and biometric database covering both passports and ID cards have already been awarded, to CSC and IBM. Speaking on the Today programme this morning, however Dr Edgar Whitley of the LSE commented that the addition of fingerprints to passports was not, as the Home Office frequently claims, an international obligation but a political decision. The cost of this would however remain if a Tory government did not cancel fingerprints for passports. And if it didn't also move to dismantle the database or bring it under control, it might find itself cancelling little more than the plastic (and agreeing with David Blunkett, effectively).
Today's Cost Report also only covers cost to the Home Office, not ID-related costs to other government departments, businesses and to citizens (e.g that extra £30 and the spiralling cost of a passport). It also only covers forward costs, excluding an estimated £250 million already spent. ®
Sponsored: Detecting cyber attacks as a small to medium business


text:
Von Miller pokes fun at Cam Newton with water polo image
By now you've probably seen the image of Panthers quarterback Cam Newton playing water polo.
Yep, that's @CameronNewton playing water polo. #AllinWithCam pic.twitter.com/h9yQHUPsyR
— USA Water Polo (@USAWP) April 12, 2016
Well, Von Miller added a few details with Photoshop. Just some minor changes. No biggie:


text:
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Buzz over coffee has come back to Kaanapali
Posted by TheShot on 09 Sep 2006 | Tagged as: Beans, Foreign Brew, Roasting
Here's an update for the fellow home roaster geeks who have lamented the demise of Hawaii's Ka'anapali Farm … from today's The Maui News: Buzz over coffee has come back to Kaanapali. As reported here in March, I first spotted the return of the Maui Moka bean — easily my favorite bean stock for homemade single-bean espresso — at this year's Western Regional Barista Competition. Production of the Maui Moka bean had collapsed with the shut down of its parent farm, Ka'anapali Estates, in 2002.
According to the article, James "Kimo" Falconer, formerly of Ka'anapali Estates, has succeeded in saving the Maui Moka bean — plus three other other former Ka'anapali Estate varieties — and returning them to production. They are reappearing under the MauiGrown Coffee label with the harvest of this year's crop ready to begin later this month.
Naturally, I've already e-mailed James for my order of greens. If you're remotely curious about this bean, I strongly suggest you do the same (either as green or roasted beans). This is a great story of one man's commitment to revive an exquisite coffee varietal.
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One Response to "Buzz over coffee has come back to Kaanapali"
[…] 11:49 pm | Filed under: Beans I've written before about how my personal rediscovery of the Maui Moka bean at the 2006 WRBC was, at least for me, something akin to finding a live dodo…or at least […]


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The N.C. Utilities Commission this week let Duke Energy withdraw its plan to offer industrial and commercial customers a temporary 6 percent rate cut.
Duke floated the idea in May, saying some of its biggest customers were struggling. The one-year test program would have cost Duke shareholders $13 million.
As part of a 7 percent N.C. rate hike in January, Duke had agreed to donate $11 million of shareholder money to help low-income residents with their energy bills.
NC WARN, the Durham advocacy group that frequently fights Duke, protested help for big customers. WARN argued the program was a "kickback scheme" intended to win support for its merger with Progress Energy. The commission's Public Staff, which advocates for consumers, investigated but took no immediate position.
Last week Duke withdrew the plan. It cited "overwhelming interest from customers" who collectively asked for more aid than Duke had budgeted. Duke said it will continue to look for ways to help customers with their energy bills.
Thursday, July 26, 2012
Duke drops industry rate-break plan
The N.C. Utilities Commission this week let Duke Energy withdraw its plan to offer industrial and commercial customers a temporary 6 percent rate cut.
Thursday, July 12, 2012
Law firm trolling for Duke lawsuit
A Boston law firm that represents investors claiming securities violations is already looking for clients amid the debris of the Duke Energy merger.
Block & Leviton said it's "investigating possible breaches of fiduciary duties" by Duke's board, which canned its intended new CEO, former Progress Energy chief Bill Johnson, hours after closing the merger.
The firm noted Standard & Poor's placing Duke stock on a credit watch list soon after Johnson's abrupt departure and an investigation launched by N.C. Attorney General Roy Cooper.
Duke's stock has dropped about 5 percent between July 2, when the merger closed, and Wednesday's market close. It's up slightly on Thursday morning.
Progress investors joined a number of class-action lawsuits after the merger with Duke was announced in early 2011. All were settled within a few months.
Thursday, July 5, 2012
S&P puts Duke on credit watch
Wall Street's reaction to the Duke Energy merger minus intended CEO Bill Johnson has been swift.


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California's deadline to cap its prison population should be extended by two years, Gov. Jerry Brown told a federal court panel Thursday in his latest attempt to buy more time to deal with a lingering prison overcrowding problem.
In court papers filed with a three-judge panel, the Brown administration outlined a series of reforms it would undertake to meet the court's demand to shed about 7,000 more inmates to relieve prison overcrowding, already found to have violated the constitutional rights of California prisoners.
The state has reduced its prison population by about 30,000 inmates over the past few years as a result of the court orders, but the federal judges have insisted that more must be done to comply with their findings that overcrowding has resulted in inadequate medical and mental health care in the 34 state prisons.
The court had given the governor and prison officials until April to meet the inmate population cap, extending previous deadlines while the state and lawyers for the inmates tried to negotiate a solution. Those negotiations failed, the governor indicated in Thursday's court papers.
The Brown administration suggested it could shed more inmates through a series of measures, including expanding parole eligibility for certain nonviolent offenders such as two-strikes inmates who have served at least half of their sentences, as well as early release for elderly and medically incapacitated inmates who have served at least 25 years in prison.
Prison officials also told the court that the added two years would give time for other reforms aimed at curbing repeat offenders to take hold in the justice system, a move that would avoid a resurgence of inmates in the future.
"These reforms," the administration told the court, "will allow (California) to comply with the population cap without sending thousands more inmates to private prisons in other states."
The federal judges have indicated they disapprove of solving the overcrowding problem by shipping California inmates to out-of-state prisons, even though the state has done so with thousands of inmates.
In an attempt to placate the court and inmates' lawyers, state prison officials proposed that the judges appoint a "compliance officer" to make sure the reforms are working to alleviate prison overcrowding until the December 2016 deadline. The governor's recent budget plan relies heavily on hopes the court will approve the two-year extension.
Lawyers for the inmates have repeatedly insisted they would oppose any more extensions of the court-ordered deadlines.
Howard Mintz covers legal affairs. Contact him at 408-286-0236 or follow him at Twitter.com/hmintz.


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Beans finished strong today while wheat and corn remained lower on the day. December corn finished 2 ½ lower on the day at $6.38 ¼, December wheat 8 ¾ cents lower at $6.18, and November beans 17 ½ cents higher at $12.39 ½.
The big news this morning was a confirmation of a large corn sale to China. The sale of 900,000 MTs of 11'-12' corn to China came before the opening. They also announced another 292,100 to "unknown" destinations as well as 110,000 MTs of Soybeans to "unknown". Despite these sales, corn opened up lower and traded down to new lows for the day before finding support towards the latter half of the trading session.
Weakness could still be stemming from the disappointing report for Wheat and Corn yesterday with increased ending stocks for both. The analysts that continue to call for lower corn yields found no reductions with an unchanged yield estimate by the USDA. Funds and large traders who may have been trading a lower corn yield may be rethinking their strategy at the moment which is a downside market risk if more liquidation comes from this.
World wheat ending stocks are estimated at 202.37 Million MTs which is up sharply from the last report in September (up about 4%). They were estimated to be up 76 Million Bushels here in the US alone which is a 10% increase. This was the most significant information on the report as the world has options. Why contract US corn out of the gulf when you have cheaper feed grade wheat you can buy from Russia or Australia?
Corn yield was left unchanged from the September report at 148.1 bpa as a national average. Most were guessing a little higher, but we did show another reduction in exports of 50 million bushels to help offset this. This combined with the Ending stocks rising to 1.128 billion bu from last year raised the carryout to 866 million when I believe the average guess was 800 million.
Beans were the only thing that were reported positive on the October S & D report with yield reductions to 41.5 and another decrease in ending carryout to 160. Now with S. American beans currently getting planted we may see any foul weather related stories keep beans supported and it is a La Nina year. Overall between corn and soybeans I am more favorable of NEXT year's prices as they both have to hold support to continue to compete for acres.
If I were to take anything away from the report it would be that we are going to have a hard time sustaining significant rallies in corn and wheat UNLESS we see a major shift in demand. Today's corn sale to China didn't seem to capture the bull's attention but IF we see heavy demand coming in it can always change. As producers we are still at record corn prices for the month of October and selling additional bushels at these levels makes sense.
For upside potential we can continue to look at buying bean calls and call spreads. If you would like to get our specific recommendations, please sign up for a 2 week free trial with the link below.
Chart: December corn
Red-50 Day Moving Average; Blue-100 Day Moving Average; Grey-200 Day Moving Average
Chart: November soybeans
Red-50 Day Moving Average; Blue-100 Day Moving Average; Grey-200 Day Moving Average
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Trading commodity futures and options involves substantial risk of loss and may not be suitable for all investors. You should carefully consider whether trading is suitable for you in light of your circumstances, knowledge and financial resources. The market information contained in this message has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but is not guaranteed as to its accuracy or completeness. Market information may not be consistent with current or future market positions of EHedger LLC, its affiliates, officers, directors, employees or agents.


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A study of hunger in New York showed that seniors make up 20 percent of people who...
A study of hunger in New York showed that seniors make up 20 percent of people who visit food pantries and soup kitchens.
The national rate was about one-third of all visitors to receive free food and meals were senior citizens, the report today from Hunger Action, an Albany-based group said.
In Hunger Action's first survey in 1987, 4 percent were seniors and 52 percent were under age 18. Now, about one-third were children, the group said.
This year's report surveyed 560 food pantries and soup kitchens in New York last fall. More than two-thirds said they had a drop in food donations this year, but most said they are serving more people than last year.
AARP, according to the report, has estimated that the number of Americans over age 50 threatened by hunger increased 79 percent between 2001 and 2009, to about 9 million people.
Hunger Action is pushing for most state and federal aid for poverty programs. The group also wants an increase in New York's minimum wage, which is now $7.25 an hour. Democrats want to increase it to $8.50.


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At least two people have been killed and 26 others wounded in weekend Chicago shootings.
Both of the weekend's fatal shootings happened Saturday on the city's West Side.
The first homicide took place just before 4:30 p.m. in the 200 block of North Pine Avenue in the city's Austin neighborhood. Police said Charles Lee, 32, was seated in a parked vehicle when someone in a passing vehicle shot him.
Lee attempted to drive away but crashed nearby, police said. He was taken to Mount Sinai Hospital where he was pronounced dead at 5:04 p.m., according to the medical examiner's office.
Around 11:30 p.m., 20-year-old Kendall Floyd, was shot in the 3400 block of West Madison Street. Floyd was outside when shots were fired from a white minivan, striking him in the head and body.
He was transported to Mount Sinai and pronounced dead shortly before midnight, officials said.
- Boy, 4, Killed in Accidental Shooting with Parents' Gun
- Police Find Guns, Drugs at Home with Daycare Center
Among the wounded in shootings:
- A 15-year-old boy was shot around 3 p.m. in the 4600 block of South Cottage Grove Avenue. Police said the teen suffered wounds to his back and abdomen and was listed in serious condition at Comer Children's Hospital.
- Around 6 a.m. Sunday, police said a 24-year-old woman was shot while sitting in a car with an acquaintance in the 900 block of North Lavergne Avenue. The woman told police she heard shots and felt pain, before realizing she had been shot in the left hand. Her acquaintance drove her to Loretto Hospital for treatment.
- About two hours earlier, a 23-year-old man was shot in the 4600 block of West Diversey Avenue. He was taken to Our Lady of Resurrection Medical Center with multiple gunshot wounds. He was last listed in stable condition, police said.
- Just before 3:30 a.m. a 19-year-old man was the victim of a shooting near 81st Street and Drexel Avenue. The teen was sitting in a parked car when someone walked up and opened fire at his vehicle. Police said the teen fled the scene in his vehicle but crashed into a parked car. He then fled on foot to 79th and Ingleside where he called police. He was taken to Advocate Christ Medical Center in stable condition.
- Less than an hour earlier, a man was shot in the Washington Park neighborhood. Police responded to a call of a person shot in the 5600 block of South Wabash Avenue and found a man, believed to be 20-30 years old, on the sidewalk with multiple gunshot wounds to his body. He was taken in critical condition John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, according to authorities.
- On Saturday, a 16-year-old boy was shot around 11:30 p.m. in the 2100 block of North Lawndale Avenue. Police said the boy was walking on the block when someone fired at him from a passing dark-colored vehicle. The teen fled on foot to the 1900 block of North Central Park to notify police. He suffered wounds to his thigh and a hip and was taken to Illinois Masonic Medical Center in stable condition.
- Around 8:30 p.m. a 19-year-old man was shot in the 7000 block of South Vernon Avenue. The teen was shot when someone fired at him from behind. He was taken to an area hospital in unknown condition.
- A little over an hour earlier, three people were shot in the 1600 block of West 70th Street. Police said someone opened fire on three people from an alley. An 18-year-old man and 20-year-old man were both shot in the leg and taken to Advocate Christ Medical Center in stable condition. A 15-year-old boy was also shot in the foot and taken to Holy Cross Hospital in stable condition. Police said the victims knew the offender who shot them and Area South detectives are investigating.
- Just after 4:30 p.m. a 50-year-old man was shot during an attempted robbery in the 7100 block of South May Street. The man was approached by two men, one of which held a gun to him while the other took items from his pockets, police said. The victim was shot in the left leg during the robbery and taken to Advocate Christ Medical Center in stable condition.
- About 10 minutes earlier, a 24-year-old man was self-transported to Holy Cross Hospital in critical condition. Police said the man had a wound to the neck and was in critical condition, but noted the shooting took place in the 7200 block of South Artesian Avenue.
- Around 12:45 pm. an 18-year-old man was shot in the 8600 block of South Exchange Avenue. The teen had a wound to his inner thigh and was in good condition at an area hospital, police said. Details surrounding the shooting were not immediately available.
- At about noon, a 17-year-old man was shot in the 7400 block of South Vernon Avenue. The teen was struck in the right leg and taken to St. Bernard Hospital in stable condition.
At least five others were wounded in shootings since Friday afternoon.


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Top 14 Orange
Montpellier call on Ledesma and Glas
ESPN Staff
June 15, 2012
Mario Ledesma back in his Clermont days © Getty Images
Montpellier have added former Argentina hooker Mario Ledesma and ex-France centre Stephane Glas to their coaching set-up.
Ledesma joins from Stade Francais and will take charge of their forwards while Glas will handle the backs with current boss Fabien Galthie overseeing the operation. In the reorganisation, Eric Bechu - who was previously co-coach with Galthie - will take charge of the high performance division and academy.
Elsewhere in the Top 14, former Italy fly-half Diego Dominguez has joined Stade in a consultancy role. He will form part of Richard Pool-Jones' backroom staff and is expected to be working alongside the kickers and with the club's young talent.
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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Formula Race Promotions Bulletin: 2015 Road Atlanta Weekend
- 02 April 2015
Hello, everyone and welcome to the tenth edition of Formula Race Promotion presenting the F2000, F1600, and Atlantic Championship Series!
We're a little over a week out from load-in at Road Atlanta and we wanted to relay some procedures, changes from previous years, and items of interest as we start the season.
The weekend schedule is available here.
We will be paddocked in the Road Atlanta "Pro" paddock on the inside of the track, similar to 2014.
We will continue to carefully organize the paddock this year, primarily the tractor-trailers and large multi-car trailers. Load in is scheduled to start at 1pm on Wednesday April 8. We ask for your patience as we manage this process.
Registration will be at the Series Rig, and we hope most of you already have your hard cards. If not, we'll deal with it at registration. If there is anything with your registration that needs to be added or edited, we can do it then.
Important! If you have not entered the race, and a number of you have not even though you registered for the Series, go to http://DLBRacing.com in the April calendar and complete it.
The easiest way to tell is go to the site and see if your name is listed under 'FRP rounds 1-2' in April.
We intend to use a "written drivers meeting" approach to shorten the actual driver's meeting. It's sometimes referred to as the supplementary rules; it has real information, and we expect everyone to read it.
Our staff will be in the paddock and available for questions and comments. Just look for the distinctive, logo laden shirts.
We will have the following available at the Series Rig: Weekend schedule, Series rules, Driver's meeting minutes, track map, points, prizes and results.
And last, if you have any questions about licenses, registration, tech, or anything else, now is a good time to call us. 855-722-3377. The contact list with extensions is on the website.


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Raiden (TurboGrafx-16)
Published by
Developed by
Also For
Arcade, DOS, FM Towns, Genesis, Jaguar, Lynx, PlayStation, PlayStation 3, PSP, PS Vita, SNES, TurboGrafx CD | Combined View
Not an American user?
DescriptionIn the year 2090, Earth is invaded by extra-terrestrials. The World Alliance of Nations has developed a supersonic attack fighter, Raiden, to defend the Earth. A pilot must take control of the experimental fighter to destroy the alien warships that just happen to look like odd variations of typical military tanks and planes with gadgets attached to them.
Raiden (called Raiden Trad on the Genesis and SNES) is an over-head vertical-scrolling shooter, based on an arcade game of the same title. It features two forms of weapon upgrades and two types of missiles (normal or homing). You start the game with several bombs which you can use to destroy most enemies on the screen to get yourself out of a jam. Each level ends with a large boss or bosses.
Promo Images
Alternate Titles
- "雷電伝説" -- Japanese SNES/Genesis/FM Towns spelling
- "雷電" -- Japanese spelling
- "雷电" -- Chinese spelling (simplified)
- "Super Raiden" -- PC Engine CD title
- "Raiden Trad" -- SNES/Genesis title
- "Raiden Densetsu" -- Japanese SNES/Genesis/FM Towns title
- "Arcade Hits: Raiden" -- PlayStation title
Part of the Following Groups
User Reviews
|Best home version of Raiden.
|Majestic Lizard (676)
Critic Reviews
|The Video Game Critic
|Mar 20, 2010
|Apr 06, 2012
|86 out of 100
|Dec, 1991
|Electronic Gaming Monthly (EGM)
|Dec, 1991
|30 out of 40
|Play Time
|Jun, 1993
|74 out of 100
|All Game Guide
There are currently no topics for this game.
1001 Video GamesThe Arcade version of Raiden appears in the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die by General Editor Tony Mott.
Cancelled versionsPorts to both Atari Falcon and Amiga were well underway, undertaken by Imagitec Design, but both were eventually scrapped. Unfinished versions have been circulating on the net and pirate BBSes for some time. Unlike most Raiden versions, these computer ports featured a "marquee" covering much of the screen, a move which had been out of fashion since the eighties, when it was often used to cover up the bad scrolling hardware of older computers.
InspirationThe game system in Raiden has often been compared to Toaplan's vertical shooters, and indeed Seibu Kaihatsu used Twin Cobra for research during the development of Raiden.
Two versionsTwo versions were released - a 3.5" floppy disk version and a CD-ROM version which features over 42 minutes of CD audio music.
Information also contributed by Игги Друге
RKL (5736) added Raiden (TurboGrafx-16) on Dec 19, 2004
Other platforms contributed by Fred VT (25942), haynor666 (6065), FatherJack (62743), firefang9212 (61559), Sciere (608369), Servo (57423), Игги Друге (46388), Tomer Gabel (4643) and Majestic Lizard (676)
There are no game credits on file for this release of the game. Everything in MobyGames is contributable by users.


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Nicholas Sparks Gossip
Nicholas Sparks gossip, latest news, photos, and video.
The Nicholas Sparks White People Experience
Wenn, FameFlynet
Have you ever seen a beer commercial and looked at all the happy, smiling white people of above-average attractiveness and apparently unlimited income frolicking on a beach or at a barbecue and thought, Gosh, I wish that was my life? Well now you can! Yes, it's true, YOU can experience White People: The Lifestyle*, thanks to the patented Nicholas Sparks White People Experience! This is not just a game, this is a unique opportunity to experience life as only a totally delusional asshole can! For just ten dollars, you can roll the dice and enjoy your customized Nicholas Sparks White People Experience. Full Story
Oh the shenanigans
Sorry for the lame title, but you'll see why in a minute. Nicholas Sparks is developing a sitcom about a divorced middle aged man. See? Shenanigans! It's long been part of the pop culture narrative that Nicholas Sparks is some kind of romantic genius but really he struck gold with The Notebook (which, in my opinion, had more to do with casting and chemistry than source material, but OK). Full Story