text:
For instance, the course will educate you find out how to cut back orange peel in your recent paint. Orange peel is that bumpy texture that resembles many citrus fruits. This effect is typically attributable to improper portray method. Fortunately, the course reveals you learn how to forestall this downside all together. Should you do happen to have this problem anyway, the course will show you the right solution to sand it out. Nobody needs their new paint finish to appear like a rotting fruit, so it is clever to pay special attention to this half.
Hybrid Automotive
One of the crucial essential areas that a company should concentrate on is company branding and advertising and marketing. It is crucial for firms of all sizes and of all types to get their title out there and to get seen by most people. If a company fails to do this then they can not anticipate to see consumer progress. That's the reason it is vitally essential for all corporations to give attention to advertising and marketing and to formulate an effective marketing technique that will really cater to their audience. The good news is that this course of is not as tough as it could appear to be.
All Tech Automotive
Audi Navigation System encompasses the so straightforward navigation system. It boasts a fast and guarded tour to your destination. The shopper amicable, protected, excessive presentation navigation scheme is the key to protected monitoring. These navigation schemes are constructed with MMI and are managed by the operator command scheme in the console. You can furthermore set your house travelled to by using the Voice command system. It desires solely stereo exclusion key. That is bargain and so easy to work with. In just couple of minutes we can whole this work of disconnecting the manufacturer stereo. The controls are prepared out in a reasonable kind taking in the AUDI A4 DVD for prolonged journeys. Allow us to discover the type in six rudimentary steps. The exclusion keys are bought from any of the car audio sellers. This can be finished by engaging World Wide Net to get away any wastage of time.
Automotive Headlights
You will have seen an advert for a harness adaptor, or been informed you want to purchase an ISO adaptor. Nevertheless, you could not have a clue what they do and why you would need one. Let's look at what one is. If you wish to change your automotive stereo, you have to buy a new head unit. Becoming that is usually quite straightforward. As a general rule, swapping automotive radios is just not as complicated as, say, altering the engine! But there can be issues with audio cables or the brand new connectors not matching the previous.
Automotive Industry Jobs
Always have a chat with your folks or family while you are searching for a storage or automobile service store. Ask them if they know any good mechanic who fees a good price for the providers. It'll enable you to find a dependable mechanic in your area.
Meyers Automotive
In the case of changing Range Rover Automotive Elements it is all the time recommended that you just stick with OEM (unique gear manufacturer) elements. There's additionally the choice of utilizing elements constructed by third party manufacturers however they don't seem to be built on the same requirements of toughness as unique elements. Third get together elements will work well for sometime however they won't be capable to withstand extreme off-road driving conditions like the originals and therefore they may wear and tear shortly and will trigger you undesirable visits to the auto repairing store.
Important Point of This Case
Headlights are the terribly important elements within the automotive with out which driving in night time is not attainable. The sunshine emitted from them should be vibrant enough to pierce the darkness within the night so that you're secure on any road. With the assistance of Ford Ranger headlights, the automotive ought to keep up the same speed at nighttime moreover. The headlights ought to offer that considerable confidence to the driver behind the wheel.
About Me
28 year-old Dressmaker or Tailor Jewell from Bow Island, usually spends time with pastimes which includes bonsai trees, . and chess. Keeps a trip site and has lots to write about after traveling to Historic City of Sucre.


text:
NOTICE: Requires the base game Titan Quest Anniversary Edition in order to play. Activation key must be used on a valid Steam account. Requires internet connection.
The Hero meets an explorer that is searching for the mythical kingdom of Atlantis, and together they set out on a journey across the western Mediterranean. The key lies in the legendary Diary of Herakles, rumored to be in the Phoenician City of Gadir, but their journey will take them beyond the edges of the known world...
© 2019 THQ Nordic AB, Sweden. Developed by Pieces Interactive. Titan Quest, THQ and their respective logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of THQ Nordic AB. All rights reserved. All other trademarks, logos and copyrights are property of their respective owners.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
HMAS Farncomb visits the Apple Isle
Published on Ms Natalie Staples (author), Unknown (author)
Location(s): Hobart, Tasmania
Topic(s): HMAS Farncomb (S74)
Family and friends had a chance to explore life onboard a submarine when Farncomb stopped off for a five day port visit during a recent south-east Australia deployment.
The visit was the first time many of the ship's company had a chance to show loved ones what their day job entails.
Electronic Warfare Officer, Lieutenant Kristy-Ann Youd, who hails from Caveside, Tasmania, invited her mother, aunt and former teacher, and family, onboard for a personal tour of the Collins Class submarine.
Teacher, Maggie Howe whose grandkids accompanied her on the tour said it was a wonderful experience.
"How fortunate we are to get such a detailed and personal tour of Farncomb. It is fascinating and provides a great insight into the life of a submariner," she said.
"My grandkids Caleb, Jarrod and Ruby and I felt extremely privileged to have been given access. The children were rapt and so excited and couldn't wait to share their experiences with their school friends the next day. They will remember it forever," Ms Howe said.
It was also a chance for personnel to show the pride they have in their boat.
"Serving on Farncomb is terrific. I work with some great people and we do important work. Being able to share some of what we do with the people we love is quite special," Lieutenant Youd said.
Aside from providing tours to special groups while in port, the ship's company also had a chance for some respite.
Collins class submarines are an important strategic asset for Australia's maritime defence and national security.
They meet Australia's unique strategic circumstances through stealth, long-range endurance, formidable striking power and advanced intelligence collection capabilities.


text:
Syracuse- The weather in Central New York this weekend will be rather tranquil with low chances for precipitation and temperatures just a touch above normal.
If there is any precipitation this weekend, it will come very early Saturday morning. A large storm system over the Southeastern United States will try to push north. A few showers may clip the southern parts of Central New York as this happens.
After a warm Friday and with clouds and south winds Friday night, temperatures early Saturday will start out in the mid 30s. Therefore, anything that does manage to fall will do so as rain, not snow.
This storm system will be blocked by an incoming high pressure that will move across the Great Lakes. This high should prevent the rain from making it further north.
Instead, clouds will gradually break up Saturday afternoon.
As the high pressure builds in from the west, winds will turn to the north Saturday morning. This will put a cap on how warm it will get.
Most of Central New York will hover around 40 degrees during the afternoon. Normal high temperatures for the weekend are in the mid 30s.
Sunday morning temperatures will dip into the mid 20s under partly cloudy skies. This is again a touch above the normal morning lows, which are in the low 20s.
Sunday will be characterized by some sunshine filtered by thin clouds. Winds will be very light or even calm at times. The wind that does blow will come from the south.
Temperatures Sunday afternoon will be similar to Saturday with highs right around 40 degrees.
Partly cloudy skies will persist into Sunday night with temperatures again backing into the mid 20s.
Here is a look at each day's forecast details:
Morning Lows: Mid 30s
Afternoon Highs: Near 40 degrees
Cloud cover: Cloudy with a little clearing late.
Precipitation: Small chance for a shower near dawn.
Winds: North 5-10 mph, gusting to 20 mph.
Confidence: Average
Morning Lows: Mid 20s
Afternoon Highs: Near 40 degrees
Cloud cover: Sunshine filtered by thin clouds.
Precipitation: No precipitation expected.
Winds: South 0-5 mph, gusting to 12 mph.
Confidence: Average


text:
It's been a bit of a rocky road for this website blog over the last few months. Real life got so busy that some well intentioned plans fell by the wayside for a while. Most of our communication with the outside world about the sustainable living journey so far reverted to Instagram and subsequent feeds onwards to Facebook and Pinterest.
The good news though is that some priorities have been shuffled around. The daily job scenario has changed just enough to buy some more spare time back and, well, the blog is back! Continue reading "The sustainable living journey so far: May 2019"


text:
New Circuits
Audio Filters
Stereo Circuits
Ultrasonic Circuits
Audio Oscillators
Audio Mixers
Tone Balance
Beeper Buzzer
Vacuum Tubes Valves
Musical & effects
Microphone Circuits
RF Circuits
PLL Circuits
UHF circuits
VHF Circuits
FM radio
GPS Circuits
Jammer Circuits
RF Transmitters
RF Receivers
RF Amplifiers
AM radio
FM Transmitter
Transceiver Circuits
Antenna Circuits
Active Antennas
Antenna Tuners
Yagi Uda Antennas
Antenna projects
Loop Antennas
Sensors Detectors
Metal Detector Circuits
Liquid Sensing Circuits
Light Sensing Circuits
Voltage Detector Circuits
Air-Gas Detection Circuits
Human Sensing Circuits
RF & Radiation
Medical Circuits
Sensor Circuits
Magnetic circuits
Optical Sensing Circuits
Hall Effect
Oscillator Circuits
Varius Circuits
Sine wave
Square wave
Volt controlled
Wein Bridge
Monostable Circuits
Power Supplies
Tesla Circuits
Inverter Circuits
Free Energy Circuits
AC to DC & DC to DC
Solar Cell Circuits
Current Limiting
Micro Power Circuits
High Voltage
Switching Power Supplies
Meters Counters
Timer Circuits
Frequency meter
Meters Circuits
Clock Circuits
Checker Circuits
Delay Circuits
Thermometer Circuits
VU Meters
Light Laser LED
Light Sensing
Led circuits
Fluorescent Circuits
LCD circuits
Light Dimmers
Digital Circuits
Readout Circuits
Logic Circuits
Digital to Analog
Display Circuits
Analog to Digital
Data Logging
Data Bus Circuits
Decoder Circuits
Converter Circuits
Voltage to Pulse
Current to Voltage
Frequency to Voltage
RF Converter Circuits
Sine to Square Wave
Voltage to Current
voltage to frequency
Period to Voltage
Video Circuits
Video Mixer
Video Wall circuits
TV Video Circuits
Camera Circuits
Photo Flash
Video Amplifier
Stepper Motor
Remote Control
Servo Circuits
Direction Finder
Power Control
Relay Circuits
Motor Control Circuits
Arduino projects
PIC Microcontroller
AVR Microcontroller
68HC11 Microcontroller
8051 / 8052
MCU Circuits
Security Circuits
Alarm Circuits
Safety Circuits
Lock Circuits
Design Software
PCB CAD Software
Design Tools
Circuit Analysis
Computer Circuits
Computer Interface
PC Circuits
Modem Circuits
Memory Circuits
Automotive Alarm
Parking Aids
Car bike Circuits
Telephone Circuits
Phone Circuits
DTMF Circuits
Intercom Circuits
Other Circuits
Buffer Circuits
Triac Circuits
Mosfet Circuits
555 Timer Circuits
Doorbell Circuits
Switching Circuits
Remote Control Toy
H Bridge Circuit
Game Circuits
Keypad Circuits
DIY HV Variable Cap
DIY PMA alternator
Ultrasonic Tx/Rx
Digital Circuits
Interconnection & Timing
Digital Signal Integrity
Digital Memories
Digital & Bipolars
Computer Systems
Sensors & Detectors
ANSI Standards
LF Amplifiers
Power Amplifiers
Regulated Power Supply
Analogue Filters
4 Band Resistor
5 Band resistor
6 Band resistor
Parallel Resistors
LED resistance
Inverting Op-amp
Non-Inverting Op-amp
Audio Circuits
Microphone Circuits
PC Microphone Preamplifier
PC Microphone Preamplifier
Posted on Oct 19, 2012
Microphone Circuits
Soundblaster soundcard series (SB16, SB32, AWE32 and AWE64) have all a microphone input designed to be used with the electret microphones which come with the soundcard package (some packages) or with separate microphone designed to be used with SoundBlaster soundcards (there are separate microphones and some monitors have built-in microphones like this). Because the microphone input needs very high input levels it is not suitable to be used with any other micophone type than elecret capsule microphones. If you connect a dynamic microphone (which gives typically few mV voltage) and try to record it you will get very low signal level with lots of noise.
to download the full size of the above Circuit.
Dynamic microphones can be connected to SoundBlaster if a suitable microphone preamplifier is built which can amplify the signal levels from dynamic microphones so much that they give enough level for SoundBlaster. This circuit gives amplification of about 30-50 which is enough to make the signals from dynamic microphones enough high to be handled well by SoundBlaster. The circuit is very simple so the amplification is not accurately defined (depends on transistor parameters which can vary from transistor to transistor) and other performance figures are not the best possible. The circuit has a very nice feature that it does not need any external power supply because it uses the bias voltage (+5V) which SoundBlaster sends normally to the electric microphone as it's power source. I have used this circuit succesfully with AKG D 60 S dynamic microphone and Sound Blaster 16. Using this circuit you can add better microphones than those cheap multimedia microphones to your soundcards quite easily. With all SoundBlasters a better microphone is not yeat a guarantee for better sound quality because the poor frequency response of the microphone preamplifier in SB16 cards. If your want even better sound quality you might consider building by simple microphone preamplifier design and connect it to the line level input of your SoundBlaster. R1 1 kohm R2 220 kohm R3 4.7 kohm C1 15 uF 10V electrolytic (you use 10 uF or 22...
Leave Comment
characters left:
Related Circuits
Fet Microphone Mixer Circuit
A JFET transistor-is used as a high-to-low impedance converter and signal mixer. Input impedance is approximately 50.0 kQ but it can be increased by increasing R5 to R8 as high as 10 . Output is...
New Circuits
Ultrasonic distance finder circuit
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Simple Metal detector circuit with CD4030
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Fully automatic watering circuit for flower pots
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
Simple deep searching metal detector circuit
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
Sub-Harmonic Bass Converter for Electric Guitars
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
Echo Depth Sounding Sonar for Boats
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
100W HiFi Audio Amplifier Circuit
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
Plant-Pot Water Level Indicator Circuit
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
Analogue Sound Preasure dB-Meter Circuit
The best human ear can capture sounds from 20Hz to 20KHz. These limits are known to be the broadest that can exist. Normally the normal limits range from 100Hz to about 13KHz and depend on the age and health of the individual. We for our measurements and to....


text:
These recipes are perfect for university/college students or anyone that is just too lazy in the kitchen to slave over the stove top. These recipes don't require pots and pans – all you really need is a microwave and some boiling water. Sometimes you have those days when you just don't want to bother with extra dishes or spending extra time cooking. These recipes are for those days!
I am an ambassador! Check out their site here to sign up for a box or see what products they have to offer:
Get more recipes and cooking tips
in your inbox
It's FREE!!!
Subscribe to our mailing list and get interesting recipes and cooking tips to your email inbox.
Thank you for subscribing.
Something went wrong.


text:
Softcore Porn Galleries, HQ Softcore Pics, Nude Erotic Softcore Girls, Teen Softcore Sex and Nude Softcore Babes!
You'll discovery here hot mortal softcore erotic girls from around the world! Check out softcore porno galleries galleries infra and enjoy it! is not in any way trustworthy for the collection of the pages to which it links.
Healthy Lifestyle Expo
123 thoroughfare Avenue, municipality Town, 99999 (123) 555-6789 [email protected] can set your address, phone number, e-mail and position statement in the settings tab. Founded in 2001, the lusty Lifestyle Expo brings top experts in plant-based health, fitness and psychology. These speakers verbalise you exactly how you can keep your mind, body and feel in tip-top condition. law-makers is the supposal of dandy health, which is what the full-blooded Lifestyle exhibition is all about.
Watch her pushing all 5 fingers deep interior her tightly fitting new puss and use a antithetical mechanical device to get herself squirt again, this time all o'er the floor! Hot blonde child filmed and fucked by naughty hotel employees. She reaches subordinate her skirt and rubs her junior wet septic spell tugging on her thong, making it dig betwixt her tender flower pussy lips. cunning and innocent college girls movement into sex crazed, turncock desire sluts once they change into the hall and you can picket them all right location at Dare Dorm! Man, she was so pissed, she threw herself on top of me, screaming, but pretty soon, her screams upset into sexy giggles as she began pullinf falling her panties in front of me, friction her bare pussy against me and feeling the big throbbing jut under my pants!


text:
What Research About Services Can Teach You
5 months ago aebi Comments Off on What Research About Services Can Teach You
Benefits of Using Skin Care Products
Every person requires good skin care to enhance the good look. In order to ease the challenges, one should incorporate the use of skincare. Poor keeping of the skin often results in negative implications. A number of means can be adopted. The the preference of a person determines the use of organic skincare or natural skincare. A number of organizations have been established so as to provide these products to those who require them. One should consider having a strategy of suing the skin care as this is a vital element. The following are some common advantages that one is likely to obtain only if they incorporate the use of the skin care.
The common advantage of using the skincare products is that they aid in moisturizing and cleansing of the skin. Many people have become loyal to a product as they are certain of its workability. Skin care products including the Laura by products always have positive implications when used by an individual. There are various sin care that is likely to cause skin infections and hence they should be avoided. Since not all people know the skin reactiveness there are specific experts that are supposed to provide the speculations about the skin care. One is likely to obtain a healthy look only when they use appropriate skin care. A person should consider using a skin care products that specifically suit their skin reaction.
The use of organic skincare is considered beneficial since it lacks side effects. The reason, why many people complain using some skincare products, is that some are noted to have side effects. More skincare products are known to have side effects hence should be avoided at all means. The causative factor of the skin side effects is the fragrance availability. This is why various firms usually recommend the specific use of skincare products.
The aspect of better working is another benefit why skincare products are highly encouraged to be used. One of the mandatory element that one should enhance is that they require to be certain of positive response. The common reason why the skincare use should be encouraged is that they enhance the young look. One should switch to the ultimate product if there is no change of using the skincare. To ease its application there has been the development of oily forms in care products.
Another vital element of suing the organic skincare is that they cause no harm to the environment. A number of skincare products are known to have an effect on the environment, and this is the solid reason why most regulations are against their use. whenever one opts to use the skincare products the above features are likely to be obtained. One can eb sure fo receiving positive comments from people who have sued the products.
5 Takeaways That I Learned About Resources


text:
We've put our heads together to come up with our top 19 best places for brunch in the city centre and beyond. What do you think?
Quite possibly the best brunch in the city, not only is Cottonopolis' range of dishes brilliant, they also serve up a mean Bloody Mary that will have you clicking your fingers like a very rude person every 10 minutes or so to get a top up. The choice of dishes is pretty extensive, and there's the obligatory Bottomless booze option available for an extra £15. Out of all the options available to you I cannot recommend the Duck 'English Breakfast' enough which comes with duck sausage, duck bacon, confit tomatoes and a crispy duck egg. It's possibly the best dish you can eat in Manchester and certainly well worth the trip into the NQ on a weekend.
Cottonopolis, 16 Newton St, Manchester M1 2AE
Zouk have been offering a fantastic Indian brunch for a while now and you really should get yourself down there to check it out.They offer a range of dishes, all with an Indian twist, including the Maharajas Breakfast and their Bollywood Benedict. My personal fave is their Mumbai Breakfast Bun – a fried egg sandwich with chorizo and sautéed spicy potatoes served in a brioche bun. As well as this they've also recently started offering a fantastic Mezze Brunch where you can all tuck into a range of eggs, meats, breads and sweet stuff – all with a Zouk twist of course.
Zouk Tea Bar & Grill, 5, The Quadrangle, Chester Street, M1 5QS
The Counter House
New to the Anocats scene is The Counter House- an all-day dining venue with a stylish interior and menu which suits every need. From fresh pressed juices, to cocktails and coffee there is really something for every moment at The Counter House. The brunch menu is definitely worth shouting about too, and it has quickly become one of my favourites in the entire neighbourhood. Dishes include the likes of eggs royale with hot smoked salmon, French toast and the delectable spiced dhal with poached eggs. Delicious.
The Counter House, 35 Blossom St, Manchester M4 6AJ
The Bay Horse Tavern
Proper boozer The Bay Horse has quickly become my favourite NQ haunt, most noticeably because of their fantastic range of beers, huge selection of crisps and quite possibly the best chips in the entire world (or even the universe). They also serve up a range of breakfast and brunch classics every day until 4pm – so you can have a Full English on a Tuesday afternoon with a pint and be the happiest person in Manchester. On the weekend they offer a brilliant Bottomless Brunch option where you choose a dish and then get all the drinks you can muster for just £27.50. Have something with sausage in it – they're fantastic.
The Bay Horse Tavern, 35-37 Thomas St, Manchester M4 1NA
Alabama's All-American Eatery
If you weren't looking for it you might miss Alabama's, since the eatery appears above street level and is up a small flight of stairs. Once inside it's bright and airy and you'd be forgiven for assuming you'd walked on to a set of a Wes Anderson film, as the colour palette is evocative of The Life Aquatic, with bright yellow seating and aqua blue walls that are tranquil and calming. The menu offers Breakfast all day and lunch, and there's plenty to choose from including fluffy American pancakes, and a big American breakfast that includes a steak. Most breakfast items are huge enough to see you through til lunch (next week).
Alabama's All-American Eatery, 10 Newton St, Manchester, M1 2AN
Federal on the edge of the Northern Quarter quickly became one of the cities hottest for brunch thanks to the team poaching, toasting and Instagramming their way into the heart of Mancunians. Open daily from around 7.30am (8am at the weekends) with brunch served all day, and breakfast before 12. Think banana bread with vanilla mascarpone, halloumi and shrooms, or eggs any way on toasted sourdough. The independent and locally owned coffee shop brings Antipodean café culture to the rainy city through its varied range of breakfast and brunch options. Their additional (and larger) site on Deansgate is well worth a visit when it opens in the next few weeks.
Federal, 9 Nicholas Croft, Northern Quarter, Manchester, M4 1EY
Home to probably the best breakfast sausage I've ever eaten, TROVE is not just a Levenshulme institution, it's now become an Ancoats one too. They make their own bread, cakes, brownies, tables, cutlery, eggs and everything else in between. They do an awful lot and it's all very, very impressive. Popping into TROVE on a weekend morning is a revelation, and one that will leave you both satisfied and yearning to come back. Last time I visited I was in a good mood for the rest of the day, which is highly unusual and so TROVE should be commended for that alone. Get them a blue plaque or something.
5 Murray St, Manchester M4 6HS
1032 Stockport Rd, Manchester M19 3WX
Mackie Mayor
Much like it's Altrincham-based sister venue, Mackie Mayor is pretty much designed for brunch, with a varied offering from the many food establishments adorning the exterior of their interior walls. There's the always reliable Honest Crust, La Cucina and of course Tender Cow all serving up absolute scorchers. The atmosphere is great here too, so bring along your little kids, that £2000 dog and enjoy yourself for the whole day.
Mackie Mayor, Eagle St, Manchester M4 5JY
If you want to keep your brunch experience in the guilt free zone, then Manchester's latest answer to LA-inspired wellbeing might be the place for you. Not only do they have an entirely separate menu solely dedicated to plant based cuisine, they have a stunning brunch menu which is going to have you weak at the knees I'm sure of it. A few stand out stars are the ricotta hot cakes with banana, blueberries and maple syrup or the outrageously tasty steak and eggs which is perfectly washed down with a superfood cocktail or GRIND coffee.
FoodWell, Suite 2, Ground Floor, One New Bailey, Salford M3 5JL
Albert's Schloss
If you've managed to spend the whole evening in Schloss, dancing on tables and drinking pint after pint of Weissbier, then the only course of action in the morning would be to head straight back there for one of the city's biggest and most impressive cooked breakfasts – featuring a fantastic German sausage as its centre piece. The on-site bakery also makes the best bread ever, and the best cronuts ever. Basically, anything from the bakery is a winner.
Albert's Schloss, 27 Peter St, Manchester M2 5QR
All the Shapes
All the way over in Prestwich, All the Shapes has been making ripples on the brunch front for a while now, so it's probably about time you went to check what all the fuss is about. They serve Brunch from Monday – Saturday until 4pm and their menu is extensive. They have all the usual hits such as Poached Eggs, Smashed Avo, Bacon – all done with an attention to detail which leaves many city centre establishments in the dust. But there's also a few 'wildcard' additions which shouldn't be ignored. Of course, Huevos Rancheros should be sampled, as well as their fantastic Chorizo Hash or Corn Fritters. It's all good really, you won't be disappointed.
All the Shapes, 8 Warwick St, Prestwich, Manchester M25 3HN
The Koffee Pot
A Manchester institution, The Koffee Pot at the top of Oldham Street have been serving the great hungover masses of Manchester for absolutely ages now and they've got it down to an art. They have a range of British brekkies available from the traditional Full English to a Scottish, Irish and even a Welsh breakfast to tuck into. So grab yourself a huge 'Bin Yin' Scottish breakfast (with haggis and square sausage) an Irn Bru and you enjoy your weekend. You deserve it.
The Koffee Pot, 84-86 Oldham St, Manchester M4 1LE
Eat New York – The Bagel Shop
Not only do the gang over at Eat New York create quite possibly the greatest sandwich known to man in the guise of their Ruben, but they've also recently jumped on another New York institution – that of getting breakfast. You're not a real New Yorker if you don't devour a huge bagel on the way to work and so the Bottomless Brunch option at Eat New York is perfect for transporting you straight to Time Square (except without the annoying buskers and thieves). The special Brunch menu features some serious beauties including their fantastic All Day Breakfast Burger which even Rik Waller would struggle to eat all in one.
Eat New York – The Bagel Shop, 64 Oldham St, Manchester M4 1LE
Served from 10am till 3pm every day, the Common Brunch has received many accolades in the past including being mentioned in The Guardian's '50 Best Breakfasts in the UK' and The Sunday Times' 'North West's Best Brunch Spot'. The menu is rather impressive, with a slight Mexican twist that includes Tostadas, Frijoles on Toast and a brilliant Potato Hash. You can't really go wrong here, and if you can manage to finish off their 'Stephen Fry'-up and not feel like going back to bed for 2 days, you're a better person than I.
Common, 39 Edge St, Manchester M4 1HW
Another Heart to Feed
Another Heart To Feed is an absolute gem in West Didsbury that takes over West Village by day to serve up some brilliant Melbourne-inspired dishes. Smashed avocado is a speciality here, topped with a perfectly poached egg and a smattering of beetroot hummus. They've also got some great new dishes on their menu including a fantastic Falafel number and an excellent posh Chorizo Beans on toast. A class act all round.
Another Heart to Feed, 220 Burton Rd, Manchester M20 2LW
The always impressive Gaucho offer quite possibly the most extravagant and indulgent brunch offer in the city wherein you can get yourself UNLIMITED food and drink for 2 hours – all while listening to some top-notch DJs spinning some Latin and Balearic beats. It comes in at a pretty hefty £49.95 per person (£59.95 for premium) but for that you get a unlimited food dishes that include Eggs Benedict, Smashed Avo, Bacon Butties and even Steak & Eggs, as well as unlimited booze such as the classic Bloody Mary, lager, sparkling wine and even the always welcome Aperol Spritz.
Gaucho, 2A St Mary's St, Manchester M3 2LB
An absolute institution in itself, Trof is always a very safe bet when it comes to food – especially brunch. Served until 4pm, you can scrape yourself out of bed any time and still get that order in and when looking at the menu, you're going to be damn happy you made the effort. Their English Brekkie is fantastic and comes in both Veggie and Vegan variations too. I'm a massive fan of their Chorizo Hash which is good enough to make even the most miserable drunkard happy. Trof is always a great place to sit, relax and chat, eat some good food, slurp some cocktails and listen to some great tunes.
Trof NQ, 8 Thomas St, Manchester M4 1EU
They've only recently started doing Brunch at Volta but they've already managed to pretty much nail the whole thing firmly on the top of the head. First of all, their Bloody Mary's are out-of-this-world good, with a scale of 1-10 of hotness that just gets better and better the higher up the scale you go. In addition, the menu is simple yet exciting, with a Lamb Shawarma Hash which should be eaten by everyone, and a melt in the mouth Sticky Chorizo and Baked Egg dish which I could just marry. Get yourself out on the terrace and go wild.
Volta, 167 Burton Rd, Manchester M20 2LN
Since opening Fress has been blasting every restaurant in the area out of the ball park with their selection of seasonal dishes and award-winning brunch. Sitting down with their Smashed Avocado with some crispy bacon and an ice-cold Bloody Mary is pretty much better than sex – mostly because when you're hungover, the idea of flopping around while sweaty and naked definitely doesn't appeal – but stuffing your face does. I don't know anyone who has ever said anything bad about the food here at Fress and with good reason – it's fantastic.
Fress, 62 Oldham St, Manchester M4 1LE


text:
Journalism ethics
The world needs a new journalism project
Journalism, as it is currently celebrated in prizes and taught in universities, is too US-centric.
While we're all reinventing journalism, crafting new business models, and redefining how to measure its impact, we might as well take another look at the core mission of journalism. From a truly global perspective.
One way to do that is to ask the same two questions, again and again:
- Why do we do journalism the way we do it?
- How can we do it better?
For the most part, the answers to these questions are obvious and easy to answer. We are journalists because the profession can be exciting, rewarding and impactful. It can be a service to society. It can be both a career and a calling.
But when we continue down this path, other questions come at us. Questions with no easy answers. Like the one I posted on Twitter.
Even though a majority of those polled say that our job as journalists is to uncover the truth at all costs, all four choices are valid. We want to safeguard our democracies (if we happen to live in one). We all want to use to journalism to help people make meaningful choices about their lives. And indeed, as citizens of our countries, we want to protect our institutions.
It's when these four goals contradict each other that it gets more tricky.
Consider two instances:
First, what happens when the truth places your democracy in jeopardy? Imagine there's a big election in your country. Imagine then, that a Wikileaks-like organization releases dozens of cables, which upon verification, are deemed accurate. Publishing these cables on the eve of an election are guaranteed to alter the election. Do you wait till after the election is over to publish them?
Second, what happens to your journalistic mission when you live in a semi-democracy or an authoritarian country? When uncovering the truth can get you and your family murdered. Our current model says that a journalist must uncover the truth at all costs. But the fact is, there are thousands of outstanding journalists who just cannot do that for various reasons. Should it be their fate then, to not be acknowledged for their excellence?
There are currently 195 UN-recognized nations. But from a press freedom perspective, these can be aggregated into three categories—'not free', 'partly free' and 'free'—as Freedom House does every year.
For example, the press in Russia, Venezuela, Zimbabwe and the United Arab Emirates is 'not free'. India, Brazil and South Africa are 'partly free'. And the United States, France and Australia are 'free'.
For each of these three types of countries, journalism has a unique role, depending on how the three branches of government—the judiciary, the legislative and the executive—perform. Yet our rhetoric around 'good journalism' is often ethnocentric. This is so particularly in the way journalism is taught at U.S. universities, and the elevation of particular types of reporting over others.
In 2016, I spent a semester at the Newmark School of Journalism at the City University of New York grappling with the issue of journalism entrepreneurship. In 2017 and part of 2018, I was an ICFJ Knight Fellow based in New Delhi, but the job also included travel and conversations with several U.S. newsrooms, and exchanging views with journalists from several African countries. In 2018 and 2019, I've been a JSK Fellow at Stanford.
I say all this because I've seen at close quarters this tendency to celebrate U.S. journalism at journalism schools, festivals, foundations and fellowships. There's good reason for this trend of course, because the U.S. produces truly outstanding journalism.
But there are other, more relevant examples of great global journalism too — even in countries where the press is 'not free' and 'partly free'. Because I am a journalist in a country defined as 'partly free' (India), it might be more useful for me to learn from fellow Indian journalists or journalists from other 'partly free' countries such as Indonesia, South Africa, Brazil and Argentina.
Eventually, each country's journalistic mission ought to be recognized as unique based on legal, political, cultural, economic and ethical lenses. Another way of putting it is: we need at least 195 different journalism missions.
Journalism doesn't have a single holy book, a pope, or a high temple. Yet, ethics are central to the practice of this profession.
According to Stephen J.A. Ward, a media ethicist, we're in the fifth revolution in journalism ethics. The current stage, he says, is an ongoing activity. It is "process-oriented", "open and global", and crucially, it also incorporates "non-Western interpretations of practice."
The Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) has a code of ethics based on four principles. They are: seek truth and report it, minimize harm, act independently, be accountable and transparent.
The journalist Tom Rosenstiel, who co-wrote The Elements of Journalism, now runs the American Press Institute. Its website states that the purpose of journalism is to "provide citizens with the information they need to make the best possible decisions about their lives, their communities, their societies, and their governments."
But for the purposes of this argument, let's go back to Stephen J.A. Ward. In his book The Invention of Journalism Ethics, he says a journalist has about fifteen different functions. He groups these fifteen functions under four broad categories: individual, social, political and ethical.
Implicit in Ward's argument, and indeed in all other descriptions of journalism's mission is that it needs to be rooted in the legal, political, cultural, economic and technological context of a given country. (This doesn't mean cutting journalistic corners. Indeed, journalism will continue to have to be independent and verification-driven.)
Given the unique needs of people across the world, and based on my argument that journalism globally ought to be tailored for context, we might need a new movement.
Call it the Global Journalism Project.
We would need to figure out exactly how such a project would work, but here are some preliminary thoughts for how several stakeholders would benefit.
- For U.S. journalism schools, fellowships and foundations, it's an opportunity to be less ethnocentric. They can also be better at preparing internationals who return to their home countries to practice journalism.
- For journalists and students who travel to the U.S., such a project would provide a framework to organize their work, measure their impact and find meaning in journalism.
- For most other journalists and aspiring journalists around the world, such a project would be a source of learning. Brazilians can learn from South Africans, Germans can learn from the Japanese, and so on.
- For U.S.-based journalists, it would be an opportunity to learn from other countries.
Let's get started.
This post is the product of my talk at Stanford University in April 2019. It was titled, "Journalism's 'mission problem' and implications for journalists around the world." Thanks to Jay Hamilton, Jill Geisler, Tran Ha, Pam Maples, Michael Bolden, Djordje Padejski and all the fellows of the JSK Fellowships 2019 at Stanford University.


text: No more burnt fingers! This is a must have tool for changing 3D Printer nozzles. Having the right tool makes all the difference in the world and is much safer. Use the spanner wrench to hold the heat block, use socket and screwdriver to screw the old nozzle out. Then install the new nozzle quickly and easily.


text:
Shaolin Secret ArtsDelivery term:The date of payment from buyers deliver within days
- Price:
- minimum:
- Total supply:
- Delivery term:
The date of payment from buyers deliver within days
- seat:
- Validity to:
Long-term effective
- Last update:
2017-10-29 22:15
- Browse the number:
- Kunlun International Martial Arts Academy By certification [File Integrity]
Yulindian, Muping District, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
- Website: http://www.chinesetkungfu.com/ http://kunlunjs.1-shidai.com/
Product details
Equipped with a good study and train shaolin secret arts school in China, it is one of the good Chinese martial arts shaolin secret arts masters. If you want to get shaolin 72 jueji, shaolin 72secret skills training, we must be your best choice.
The 72 Shaolin Secret Arts are methods of preparing the body and the mind for action under extreme conditions (first of all, in conditions of real-life hand-to-hand combat). If you train only hand-to-hand techniques and do not pay attention to special training, you will never achieve the highest mastery and your movements will lack the real force. "The fists are like flowers, and the legs like embroidery needles", laugh the old masters at such "techniques". The 72 Arts of Shaolin are the foundation of the utmost mastery in all styles of Kung Fu.
"Seventy-two precious arts are kept in a brocade bag, they are kept like a great treasure. Eighteen of them are the essence of the famous treatises on pugilistic arts. Eighteen other arts describe in detail training methods with the use of special tools and training equipment. Wonderful methods of attaining the flexibility of the breath-chi, exercises in obtaining hardness and lightness, clenching methods are written with the blood of monks in books that are kept like a treasure in the brocade bag. One can seldom meet those who really want to do exercises with zeal: to become a real hero, one must often feel bitter taste of hard labour."
Seventy-two types of the Shaolin Arts represent an example of personal experience of monks from the Shaolin Monastery in the Songshan Mountains. This experience was obtained by hard exercises in combat arts during many epochs. The best samples of those seventy-two arts are such effective methods as qigong (chi kung), breathing exerciseschi, exercises to obtain hardness yinggong and lightnessqinggong, acupoint massage dienxue, clenching arts qinna(chin na), the art of setting dislocations and bones and others.
In all practices of the Seventy-two Arts at first the basic theory is studied and only then exercises are done. At first those who practice the arts train the softness of their sinews and bones and try to make agile all their joints and articulations. Then they set into motion the main breathzongli, strengthen the internal organs fu, improve blood state, consolidate body strength, control the cinnabar field and concentrate energy in it, overcome their desires and requirements. The strength spreads on the four extremities and the hundred joints and articulations, now a fighter is in command of unlimited power and he can move off onethousand jins. Your arm weighing only ten jins can move a thing weighing ten thousand jins with a stroke. Your arms are a head, your legs are a tail. Everything is permeated with a single movement, the body moves like a dragon. Teachers said: "Shaolin exercises develop forces of the whole human organism, all joints and bones; you are capable of striking with all parts of your body." There is one more saying: "The fist is the source of all arts and the leg is the base, the root of the fist." Ordinary practice of pugilism consists of seventy percent of leg training and thirty percent of fist training. If you acquire pugilism, you can use eighteen types of weapon. If you resort to all ruses of pugilism, you can fight against ten thousand fighters.
Wooden Tree and Star Decoration
price: Negotiable
1.27mm PIN Header
price: Negotiable
5pcs Fireplace Tools with Wooden Handle
price: Negotiable
Easy Assembly Reptile Sliding Door Glass Terrariums
price: Negotiable
Single-stage EMI Filters
price: Negotiable
SPF Spray
price: Negotiable


text:
Revive Christian Counseling's Ohio County office is located inside Living Faith Baptist Church in Hartford.
Office Address:
6515 US Highway 231
Hartford, KY 42347
Phone: 270.926.6957
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Fax: 270.215.2875
The office is located inside Living Faith Baptist Church, conveniently located on Highway 231. When you arrive, enter the front doors of the church and have a seat. We'll be with you shortly.
Hartford Counselors:
Kansas Corley, LCC, CTC
Clinical Team Leader
270.926.6957 x 106


text:
Country living at its finest! 2 homes on 46 acres. Custom built main home features 4-bedroom,2.25-bathroom, gourmet kitchen w/custom cabinets, wet bar, gas fireplace, open layout, dining area, outdoor patio w/built in gas grill & large studio w/ 2nd kitchen & ¾ bath. 2nd home features 1,848 sqft, 3bed, 2bath, spacious kitchen, living & family room.Spectacular property features: 40x60 Quonset Hut,40x75-5 bay storage, tack room/shed, multiple pastures, irrigation well, fully fenced & gated entry.
|New Value: $974,500
This property search is part of the Prime Alliance Real Estate Services website. Listing information is courtesy of the WA-NWMLS and Prime Alliance Real Estate Services. Property information is based on available data that may include MLS information, county records, and other sources. Listings marked with this symbol: provided by Northwest Multiple Listing Service, 2020. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified. Properties subject to prior sale or rental Information has not been verified by agent and should be verified by buyer.


text:
|"San Francisco Examiner," August 29, 1903, via Newspapers.com
It seems inevitable that rich, powerful families attract any number of strange incidents. Dysfunction abounds, perhaps as the Universe's way of balancing out all those material advantages. It's unusual, however, for one relatively small family of wealth to become famed for internal feuds, mental illness, odd disappearances, mysterious deaths, and allegations of murder.
It's even more unusual for all these tragedies to center around one particular person. But such was the fate of Edith Irene Wolfskill.
Edith's grandfather, Mathus Wolfskill, was an early settler in Yolo County, California. His brothers, John and William, had already bought a 17,000 acre Mexican land grant. The siblings used this land to cultivate what would become an impressive agricultural empire. By the time Edith was born in 1872, the Wolfskills were one of the wealthiest and most influential families in California. The beautiful, sensitive girl had a privileged, pampered childhood, followed by a spell at a European "finishing school." Edith was on track to have a happy life of luxury.
Instead, things turned out very differently. Although she had seemed normal during her childhood, by the time Edith returned from Europe, she began behaving oddly. She developed what was described as a "religious mania," which would cause her to suddenly begin praying in public. It drew attention.
It is hard to say just how mentally unbalanced Edith was. Some contemporary newspaper reports described her merely as "eccentric," while others painted her as "the mad heiress" who proclaimed herself to be "Empress of the World." All that can be said for certain is that by 1903, her family believed it was necessary to have her committed to San Francisco's California General Hospital.
It was during her confinement that Edith demonstrated a new specialty: disappearing. On the night of August 27, Wolfskill vanished from her hospital room. Two days later, a detective hired by the young woman's family found Edith at the bottom of a ravine in Colma, then a rugged, sparsely populated area, praying fervently. She was heavily scratched by brambles and exhausted by her wanderings, but was otherwise unharmed.
Edith resented being found, and fought her would-be rescuer. The detective had a very hard time forcing her into his carriage, and upon her return to San Francisco, she lapsed into an angry silence, refusing to speak to anyone. Edith remained at California General for some years, until she was transferred to a hospital in Los Angeles to be nearer her parents.
As time went on, Edith's peculiarities only increased. Her family accepted that she would never be capable of living on her own, and had her declared legally incompetent. After her parents died, Edith's brothers, Matthew and Ney, were given "joint custody" of their sister. They were required to use a portion of the family estate to care for Edith for the rest of her days. The brothers placed her in a ranch the Wolfskills owned in Solano county. As Matthew and Ney had been locked in a bitter feud for some years, they were never at the ranch at the same time. Instead, they took turns living with Edith, carefully scheduling their visits so they would never run into each other. The brothers allowed no outside visitors, aside from staff and the occasional workman.
Edith's lonely, reclusive existence went on quietly enough until July 1929, when Matthew Wolfskill, for reasons unrecorded, fired her nurse, Bessie Ritchards. Edith was fond of Ritchards, so the nurse's dismissal left her extremely upset. When the new nurse, Mary Conklin, arrived on July 13, she received a less than friendly welcome. The only two people at the ranch were Edith and Nelda Wolfskill, the wife of Edith's nephew. Edith refused to even speak to Conklin, and the nurse saw immediately that she was in an agitated and unhappy mood. Within a few hours of Conklin's arrival, Edith was suddenly nowhere to be found. It was not uncommon for her to take long solitary walks among the hills, so at first it was believed there was no cause for alarm. However, when she failed to appear after several hours, Ney, who had by then arrived at the ranch, feared she had gotten lost or suffered some accident. When a search of the area failed to find any sign of Edith, the police were called in.
It did not take long for the Sheriff to come to more sinister conclusions about Edith's disappearance. Conklin told him that shortly before Edith vanished, the nurse overheard her talking to some unknown figure. All Conklin could make out was Edith stating angrily, "I will not leave. This is my home." This led the Sheriff, John Thornton, to believe the heiress had not, as Ney was insisting, merely wandered off somewhere: rather, she had been kidnapped.
The investigation into Edith's whereabouts uncovered some details that made her disappearance even more ominous. Matthew and Ney Wolfskill had been at war over the use of the money their parents had set aside for Edith's care. This led the bank that managed Edith's estate to hire a private detective to investigate the brothers. After questioning Matthew and Ney, this detective told a reporter, "I would like to believe Miss Wolfskill wandered off and is lost. I can't believe that in view of what I discovered." (What he "discovered" was, unfortunately, never made public.) Police suspicion grew that at least one of the brothers knew more about Edith's vanishing act than they were admitting.
Meanwhile, the mysterious disappearance of a very rich and very troubled woman--with dark hints of familial foul play thrown in--generated newspaper headlines across the country. As always happens with high-profile missing persons cases, a swarm of reported "sightings" of Edith Wolfskill popped up in the press. None of them proved to be valid.
It turned out that, whatever the circumstances of Edith's disappearance may have been, the missing woman stayed close to her home. On July 20, searchers found a set of what were believed to be her footprints in a muddy creek bed some five miles from the ranch. The prints crossed over a set of tire marks left by a truck which had passed that way just the day before. This indicated that Edith was apparently still alive, still wandering somewhere in the hills.
The search of the area was intensified, but no further trace of Edith or her movements could be found. Her whereabouts remained utterly unknown until September 19. 18-year-old Bernard Glashoff was walking through a dry creek bed about a mile from the Wolfskill ranch when he came upon a gruesome sight: a badly decomposed corpse. Although the long hair indicated it was of a female, the body was wearing a flannel shirt and a pair of men's overalls. A pair of women's shoes, in pristine condition, were neatly placed near the body.
It was soon determined that Glashoff had found what little remained of Edith Wolfskill.
The grim discovery only intensified the mystery. For openers, why was she wearing these overalls, which had apparently belonged to a local man who had worked on the property several months earlier? Those who had known Edith were adamant that she had a phobia about even touching other people's clothing. (The dress she had allegedly been wearing the day she vanished was found hanging in her closet, which just served to strengthen law enforcement's belief that Edith's family was not being entirely honest with them.) The area where her body was found had been frequently searched by hundreds of people and several tracking dogs. How had she remained hidden?
The unscuffed shoes found by the corpse also had police raising their eyebrows. The autopsy was unable to determine how Edith had died, but it indicated that she had been alive for at least a week after she vanished. If such was the case, how had her shoes stayed so clean after she had presumably spent days rambling the hills?
|"Philadelphia Inquirer," October 27, 1929
Meanwhile, Matthew and Ney seemed less interested in their sister's peculiar demise than they were in her money. Their father's will had stipulated that if Edith predeceased her brothers, her $750,000 estate would be equally split between them. Before Edith's body was even discovered, the brothers had launched legal battles over how, exactly, her money should be divided. A sad sequel what had been the very sad life of Edith Wolfskill.
The many questions lingering around the end of the "mad heiress" seem destined to remain unanswered. Sheriff Thornton remained convinced that Edith had been abducted, held captive in some remote cabin, and murdered when she refused to sign a ransom note, but he was never able to prove it. Her disappearance and death have remained, in the words of the "San Francisco Chronicle," "one of the most baffling cases in Northern California."


text:
LAMA, PATRON, ARTIST: The Great Situ Panchen breaks new ground by presenting as its main subject the work and legacy of a known pre-20th century Tibetan artist: the great scholar-painter Situ Panchen (1700-1774) (1). Exhibitions on Tibetan art are usually organised around religious themes and seldom focus on style and individual artists. Thus, Lama, Patron, Artist serves as an important counterpoint in the field of Tibetan art historical investi gations. As Situ Panchen's artistic career is well docu mented, we have rich insight into an artist and patron's intentions, through his own words, as well as those of his contemporaries. This insider's view of an artistic tradition is a totally new approach for an exhibition on Tibetan art, encouraging us to explore the art on the terms furnished by its master. Lama, Patron, Artist will travel to the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC (March 13th, 2010-July 18th, 2010) where key works from the Freer collection will be incorporated, allowing for even further exploration of Tibetan-Chinese cross cultural artistic dialogue than was possible at the Rubin Museum of Art (RMA). This introduction will explore one aspect of the exhibition in particular: paintings m scribed with attributions to Situ's own hand.
Situ Panchen as the Great Transmitter of His Lineage Kham province, eastern Tibet, late 18th century (circa 1760) Pigments on cloth, 38 V2 x 23 Y2 in (97.8 x 59.7 em) Rubin Museum of Art Purchased from the collection of Navin Kumar, New York C2003.29.2 (HAR 65279)
Beginning in the 14th century, the Karmapas, heads of the Karma Kagyu order of Tibetan Buddhism, travelled in large mona tic tent encampments, consisting of porta ble temples, a community of monks, and skilled artists and artisans. This mobile court, known as the "Great En campment", produced its own distinctive painting style, known as the Karma Gardri or "the style of the Karmapa Encampment". Founded in the late 16th century in cen tral Tibet, the Encampment style is characterised by its open, airy landscapes inspired in part by Chinese court painting. However, due to the upheaval of civil war, most of what survives of this painting tradition stems from its 18th century revival fostered by Situ Panchen in eastern Tibet. Even more important to the history of Tibetan art than Situ Panchen's role as a painter is his role as a patron and designer of paintings, many of which continue to be copied to this day.
Arts of A
Two of the main religious masters of the Karma Ka gyu, the Fifth Shamar (1526-1583) and the Fourth Gyalt shab (1550-1617), played a significant artistic role, offer ing guidance for the creation of a new visual idiom for the Karmapa's court. They instructed Namkha Tashi to take as models certain famous early Chinese paintings in Tibet, primarily the products of the late Yuan (1271-1368) and early Ming (1368-1644) courts. They urged him to follow Indian Buddhist art for the shape of the sacred figures and Chinese art for the colouring and shading. The kind of Chinese court painting sent by the early Ming emper ors to Tibetan patriarchs is represented in the Sackler venue by a painting of the Arhat Ajita (2). One can see these same visual conventions for depicting lineage figures that were transmitted through such early Ming court painting followed in a portrait of the Ninth Karmapa, Wangchug Dorje (1555-1603) (3). The compo sition of this figure, framed in a decorative blue-green landscape, is clearly inspired by the same Chinese arhat genre imported from the Ming court of the 15th century. An inscription in gold paint along the front table edge
Arhat Ajita China, 15th century Mineral pigments and gold on silk, 303,4 x 193,4 in (78 x 50 cm) Collection of Robert Rosenkranz and Alexandra Munroe
According to Tibetan tradition, the Encampment style was established-or more likely codified-in central Ti bet by the painter Namkha Tashi in the court of the Ninth Karmapa (1555-1603). Namkha Tashi and his successors placed figures based on Indian models within Chinese inspired landscapes, extending the Chinese-inspired aes thetic revolution begun by Tibetan painters in the mid15th century. Namkha Tashi appears several times in the Ninth Kar mapa's biography as an important artist in the last two decades of the 16th century (1582-1599). A short biogra phy of the painter reads: Regarding the extraordinary artist Namkha Tashi, he was born in Yartod. From the time he was a little child he admitted that he was an emanation of the [Eighth] Lord [Karmapa]. He was prophesied as the doer of [the Karmapa's] religious activities in the sphere of religious images and, instructed by the Fifth Shamar, he established the [painting] tradition of the Encampment style (Gardri).!
arch-April201 0
Ninth Karmapa, Wangchug Dorje (1555-1603) Tibet 16th -17th century Ground mineral pigment 49 x 32 Y2 in (124.5 x 82.6 cm) Shelley and Donald Rubin Collection (HAR 163)
effaced inscription indicates that this painting was exe cuted during the Karmapa's lifetime. It reads: This painting of [Wangchug?] Dorje, which was achieved following directions from the Karmapa himself, was energetically achieved by the nephew, the monk of Kongpo in the east. By this merit may all living beings be established in the level of Bud dhahood. 2 Unfortunately the first syllables of his name are illegi ble, making this identification tentative. This inscription mentions the patron of this work as the Karmapa's or dained disciple from Kongpo in the east who calls himself "nephew". The Ninth Karmapa had two important disci ple-patrons with this title, the dates of whom place the painting of this work to the 15905. Especially suggestive is the fact that one of these "nephews", On Gushri Karma Chogyal (died 1602), is recorded to have been a sponsor of works by the painter Namkha Tashi, founder of the En campment style. Another internal clue to the dating of this painting can be found in the background landscape, where a monu mental thangka is unfurled on a mountainside adjacent to the Karmapa's seat, Tsurphu Monastery. This is a famous applique of Buddha Shakyamuni, which was made at Tsurphu for the Ninth Karmapa in 1585, and its inclusion provides an earliest possible date for this painting. Stylisti cally this painting marks a distinct departure from earlier Karma Kagyu lineage depictions with the more open composition that characterises later Encampment paint ings. If the damaged inscription indeed reads Wangchug Dorje, then this important painting would represent the transitional period in the court of the Ninth Karmapa at the birth of the Encampment style.
The Revival: Situ Panchen
Ninth Karmapa, Wangchug Dorje (1555-1603) Central Tibet, 16th century (circa 1590) P igmen ts on cloth, 591,4 x 421,4 in (150.5 x 107.3 cm) Rubin Museum of Art Purchased from the collection of Navin Kumar, New York C2005.20.2 (HAR 90005)
identifies the main figure of this work as "lord Wangchug Dorje", the Ninth Karmapa. The monumental size of this painting hints at its likely dating between the 1590s and 1630s, the last half century of lavish official patronage of the Karma Kagyu order by the kings of Tsang and other powerful lords, before both the patrons' and court's destruction in 1642 and 1645. Thus this painting is a likely measure of the kind of painting produced in the Karmapa's court at its height, around the time of the founding of the Encampment style. While this painting has been tentatively identified as early Gardri because of its blue-green landscape, it does not yet display the open compositions for which the Encampment style would be come famous. To my knowledge no extant painting by the hand of Namkha Tashi has yet been identified; the closest we can come at this time is another painting of the Ninth Kar mapa found in the Rubin Museum collection (4). A partly
However, only forty years later bitter sectarian warfare came to a head in central Tibet, and in 1645 the Karmapa Encampment was obliterated by Mongol troops, whose support for the Dalai Lama's rise to power placed the Karmapa's religious and artistic traditions in danger of extinction. Thus, although the Encampment style was founded in the late 16th century, most of what we know about it is from its 18th century revival. This revival was engineered by Situ Panchen (1) far off in eastern Tibet. Situ Panchen was born in 1700 in Derge, a small but cul turally significant kingdom at the heart of the province of Kham. This was a particularly volatile period in Tibet's history. Several generations of civil warfare had left Situ's Karma Kagyu order in shambles, and in central Tibet the Karma Kagyu monasteries were being sup pressed and harassed by the local rulers. Fortunately, as Derge was less embedded in the strife, a comparatively peaceful upbringing allowed Situ Panchen to flourish. As a young boy he was recognised as the eighth emanation (trulku) of the Situ incarnation lineage, one of the highest ranking lamas/hierarchs of the Karma Kagyu order. Situ Panchen proved a brilliant polymath and charismatic leader, influential in many areas of cultural and institu tional life in 18th century Tibet. Not only did he make great strides in reviving his own religious order, but also
Arts 01 As;(
Mahasiddha Ghantapa
From Situ's set of the Eight Great Tantric Adepts
Kham province, eastern Tibet, 18th century Ground mineral pigment on cotton, 19 x 13 in (48.3 x 33 cm) Collection of John and Berthe Ford (HAR 73821)
Kham province, eastern Tibet, 19th century Pigments on cloth, 31 x 22% in (78.7 x 57.8 cm) Rubin Museum of Art Purchased from the collection of Navin Kumar, New York C2002.27.5 (HAR 65136)
made major contributions to the fields of painting, the lit erary arts, and medicine. We know a great deal about Situ's involvement in the arts as Situ's artistic activities are well documented in his own autobiography and diary. Situ Panchen took an in terest in art from an early age, and began to paint even before receiving formal training. At the age of fifteen, Situ first learned iconometric proportions in a formal way from a professiollal artist from Kongpo during his first vis it to central Tibet in 1714. Soon thereafter at the Sha mar's monastic seat of Yangpajen Situ was shown old In dian cast-metal figures by a temple steward, who introduced him to the traditional stylistic classifications of Buddhist bronze sculpture. The steward pointed out dif ferent types of metal and characteristic shapes as he refer enced one of the classic manuals on the evaluation of ob jects. Situ was thus initiated at a very young age into a Tibetan tradition of connoisseurship. Situ could paint in at least two different styles-Menri and the Encampment styles-and was a keen observer of early masterpieces and different styles of painting.
vlarch-April 2010
Some of Situ Panchen's most important and prominent artistic legacies are the multi-painting sets that he de signed, many of which are still copied to this day. Among these only six were mentioned in Situ Panchen's autobiog raphy as his own commissions. In 1726 Situ painted one of his most striking and highly appreciated sets of paint ings (5), the Eight Great Tantric Adepts (Mahasiddhas). It is the first set that Situ is recorded to have painted and in many ways marks the beginning of his public life as an artistic and religious leader. According to Situ's autobiog raphy he painted this set "in a manner like. the Encamp ment style" (sgar bris itar) and did the sketching, colouring and shading himself. He offered this set of paintings to the Derge ruler Tenpa Tshering (1678-1738) as he formally requested permission to build a new monastery in Derge. This was a watershed in his religious, artistic and political career, and his new monastic seat, Palpung Monastery,.
became the artistic hub for the revival of the Encamp ment style. One of the most widely acclaimed painting sets de signed and commissioned by Situ Panchen is Kshemen dra's One Hundred and Eight Morality Tales (avadana) in twenty-one narrative paintings (6). Situ Panchen began designing his own set of this cycle in 1733, soon after hearing the disastrous news of the sudden and unexpected passing away of his teachers, the Twelfth Karmapa (17031732) and Eighth Shamar (1695-1732) lamas, which thrust Situ at the age of thirty-three into the role of de facto regent of his order. Situ set up a workshop for exe cuting these paintings, for which he himself sketched the comppsitions according to his own original ideas. He per sonally directed the entire process of the painting, from the initial colouring to the finishing details. In order to realise his vision, Situ trained a number of master painters of Karsho (near his previous seat, Karma Monastery) to do most of the painting work. This would have been the last painting in a series, depicting Situ as patron, where he is shown instructing his team of artists in the bottom left corner of the painting. In 1736 Situ composed this long inscription, which would have appeared in this paint ing in the large blank scroll held up by goddesses, outlin ing his intentions: I have followed the Chinese masters in colour, in mood expressed, and form, and I have depicted lands, dress, palaces, and so forth as [I have] actually seen in India. Even though all the discriminating skill of Menthang- [both] New and Old-and the Khyen [ris] tradition followers, Chiugangpa (byeJu sgang pal and the Encampment masters are present here, I have made [these paintings] different III a hundred thousand [particulars of ] style. 3 His mention of things he had "actually seen in India" refers to his first-hand experiences with the culture of the Indian subcontinent while on his first pilgrimage to Nepal in 1723. This is reflected not only in the dress of his figures but also in the distinctive trees in his compositions, as seen in (7). Six additional sets of paintings have been identified in this exhibition as related to Situ or his monastic seat Palpung, using other written sources or on the basis of stylistic similarities with those sets identified in Situ's biog raphies. These similar details include the unusually dimin utive depiction of figures in landscapes, and miniaturist treatments of trees, buildings, palaces and courtyards. For instance this last painting (7) in an eleven-painting set of the eighty-four adepts can be attributed to Palpung. This painting is an excellent example of pigment applica tion in the later Encampment style fostered by Situ, espe cially the characteristic use of graded layers of blue and green applied in dots with the dry tip of a brush (8). This technique builds up the landscape from the blank canvas to deep intense colours, giving the painting a bright, crys talline quality for which the style would become famous. Indeed, Situ reminisced that through the paintings that he designed and commissioned the artistic traditions of his native Kham were beginning to shine again, and he clearly made efforts to revive and maintain the traditions of his home province.
Eight Mahasiddhas
From a Palpung set of the Eighty-four Great Tantric Adepts
Kham province, eastern Tibet, 19th century Mineral pigments on cloth, 48 Y:z x 27 % in (123.2 x 69.2 cm) Rubin Museum of Art Purchased from the collection of Navin Kumar, New York C2005.22.1 (HAR 65598)
I bow with devotion to the blessed lady who embodies compassion combined with great bliss, the all-perva sive Perfectly Pure One, and pray that she pacify all my emotional defilements, thoughts and obscura tions, and anoint me with the attainment of (the spir itual level of ) Glorious Heruka! This painting was painted by the hand of Chokyi Nangwa. 5
Basel Vajravarahi by Situ Panchen Chokyi Nangwa (1700-1774) Kham province, eastern Tibet 18th century Pigments on cloth, 9Ys x 7112 in (25 x 19 cm) Gerd-Wolfgang Essen collection, lid 13732 Museum der Kulturen Basel, Switzerland
It is clear that the painter had a good grasp of propor tions, as the figure is well modelled; however, its execution belies a slightly naive quality that one might expect from the hand of someone who is knowledgeable in the fields of art and iconography, though not a professional painter himself. The condition of the object, with badly abraded surface and deeply darkened ground, makes it difficult to evaluate the brushwork of the painter. However in gen eral we can observe some unusual qualities of this paint ing. Especially distinctive is the flat use of gold in Vajra varahi's round full-body nimbus, which shines like the sun. The rounded flames mirror the shape of the gold nimbus, suggesting a sophisticated aesthetic. Another characteristic feature of this group of paintings is found above the Tibetan inscription, where lines of or namental Lancana Sanskrit are written. While this is not in itself unusual for any one painting, we will see this is a pattern on the backs of all four paintings, again suggesting the hand of Situ, who was also a great scholar of Sanskrit. In fact, Situ was quite concerned with consulting original Sanskrit sources for the proper depiction of deities and even names those sources he used in designing some of his sets. Thus this painting embodies many of the elements we might expect from Situ. The back of a small painting of Chakrasamvara (11, 12) features an inscription in Tibetan cursive script that also seems to identify Situ Panchen-again referred to as Chokyi Nangwa-as the artist of this work: May the guru, great glorious Heruka in blissful union with Vajravarahi, protect me in all lifetimes, and may I practice Vajrayana [Buddhism] ! This painting [of them] was painted in the midst of distraction by Cho kyi Nangwa.6
But what of paintings that do not fall into these categories, compositions that cannot be tracked in Situ's writings or the histories of his monastery? Of particular interest to me while working on this exhibition was bringing together paintings that bear inscriptions attributing them to the hand of Chokyi Nangwa (Chos kyi snang ba), Situ Pan chen's personal name.4 While there is a great deal of in formation in Tibetan sources about sets designed and commissioned by Situ, the gathering of these inscribed paintings provide us with an opportunity to consider for the first time the issue of paintings by Situ's own hand. While works "by the hand of the master" are the essential work of many art historians, the field of Tibetan art his tory is only beginning to be able to approach these basic issues. These issues are not without their challenges; for instance, more than one person in this tradition has the name Chokyi Nangwa, inscriptions themselves can be added later, paintings can be reattributed, and so on. This painting of the goddess Vajravarahi (9, 10), identi fiable by the distinctive sow head peaking out of the right side of her head, bears an inscription on the back naming "Chokyi Nangwa", Situ Panchen's personal name, as artist:
This language "painted in the midst of distraction" (rnam gyeng bar gseng la bris) is quite self-deprecating, even dismissive, and no one else would dare to write about the work of a high incarnate lama such as Situ in this way, and thus this inscription and painting are almost certainly by Situ himself. Like the Basel Vajravarahi, this work is characterised by a small, simple, elegantly proportioned figure lacking the finesse of a professional painter. In par ticular the use of flat gold in the scarf framing Chakra samvara is an unusual feature reminiscent of the Basel painting (9). A sophisticated aesthetic is also suggested in details such as the subdued palette of the tiger skin and garland of severed heads. As mentioned above, Chokyi Nangwa is not a name unique to Situ, and in fact he shared it with one of his most prominent students, the Eighth Drugchen Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa (1768-1822). This shared naming by a follower also interested in painting calls into question the specific identification of Chokyi Nangwa in these inscrip tions as either Situ Panchen or his student. For instance this Chakrasamvara also bears a resemblance to another, roughly contemporaneous painting of Chakrasamvara (13), bearing an inscription on the back written by the Eighth Drugchen (14): I bow with devotion to the great pair in sexual union, the wrathful meditational deity (Heruka) Glorious Chakrasamvara, together with his consort, teacher of the Great Secret (Vajrayana Buddhism), chief deity of all mandalas! May all beings achieve guru Heruka!" [This painting was] painted as a support of the faith for the venerable yogini Dechen Wangmo, by Kagyu Tenpa'i Gyaltsen. May everything be auspicious! 7
Chakrasamvara by Situ Panchen Chokyi Nangwa (1700-1774) Kham povince, eastern Tibet, 18th century Pigments on cloth, 12% x 8341 in (31.4 x 22.2 cm) Rubin Museum of Art C2009.5 (HAR 65846)
12 88
Chakrasamvara by Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa (1768-1822) Kham province, eastern Tibet, late 18th early 19th century Pigments on cloth, 13 x 83,4 in (33 x 22.2 em) Rubin Museum of Art F1997.3.4 (HAR 69)
The dedication is addressed to Dechen Wangmo, a fa mous female yoga practitioner whom the Eighth Drug chen ordained circa 1804, about thirty years after Situ's death. We therefore know that this painting dates to slightly after Situ's time, but still within the lifetimes of his immediate followers. The end of the inscription is a bit ambiguous, and it is unclear if the verb bris8 here means Drugchen painted the entire painting or just wrote the benedictory inscription; however, when one requests a lama for a support (rten), one is typically expecting an im age. These two Chakrasamvara paintings give the strongest bases for direct comparison through their shared subject, as the choice of colour and basic forms of the deity are iconographically determined. In general terms, the approach of the artists in these two paintings is similar in many respects: both pieces share an overall palette that in cludes spare washes of soft blue and green, which act to merely suggest a landscape. Further subtlety is visible in the handling of gold highlights in the flames, coupled with the use of indigo back-shading to throw the flames into re lief. The overall execution of the deities' jewellery and other ornaments are almost identical. However, the fig ures have more balanced proportions in the first work (11). A comparison of the right proper feet of the deities will quickly reveal that the first painter has excellent sense of proportion, while the toes of the latter (13) are clumsy and much too long. The shading is also more delicate in
the first of these two paintings, while one can see the face of the latter divided into awkward artificial planes by heavier application of pigment. All of this suggests differ ent hands of non-professional painters of varying skill. I would argue the first (11) by the master-Situ-the latter (13) by the student-Drugchen-working in the same cir cle of artists. Also notice that the student Drugchen does not refer to himself in the inscription by the name Chokyi Nangwa, probably to avoid the possibility of just such confusion. The calligraphy on the reverse of these two paintings is also interesting to compare, as they are both in an expres sive cursive style, but careful analysis reveals that they are alost certainly by different writers. For instance the let ters are much smaller proportionately to the large calli graphic flourishes in the inscription by the Eighth Drug chen, which is in a more elegant hand. The calligraphy on the Situ painting is written in a characteristic running cur sive ('khyugyig) style of eastern Tibet (Amdo/Kham), but incorporates some flourishes of central Tibet (U /Tsang). The handwriting is fairly distinctive, and looks very simi lar to the handwriting in manuscripts copied by Situ and kept at Palpung Monastery. This is further supporting evi dence to suggest that the first Chakrasamvara (11) paint ing is indeed by the hand of Situ himself. On the back of the painting of the tantric goddess Vaj rayogini (15, 16) is written a eulogistic prayer. The lan guage of the inscription makes it clear that Situ (Chokyi
Another level of evidence is paintings attributed by in scription written (often later) by someone else. For in stance a painting of Black Cloak Mahakala (Gonpo Ber nag chen) (17) on black silk is inscribed with the phrase "Without error [this] painting of Five Deity [Mahakala] was painted by the hand of Cho [-kyi] jung [-ne] 11 and points to some of the artistic models that inspired some of Situ's works. Its unusual appearance, and specifically the sensitive handling of the animals, such as the realistic depiction of the elephant at bottom centre, bears some re semblance to paintings attributed to the Tenth Karmapa, and so this painting has even been reattributed to him. While a silk ground is unusual to Tibetan painting and something that the Tenth Karmapa was known to favour, the handling of the ink clouds here suggests a painter not familiar with how silk absorbs ink, or the techniques of creating layered ink washes-a characteristic technique at which the Tenth Karmapa was a master. Therefore the unambiguous inscription, combined with the unexpressive quality of the brushwork, suggests that Situ painted this work following compositions by the Tenth Karmapa or was at least inspired by that Karmapa's distinctive style. Copying paintings by the great masters has long been a basic aspect of training and appreciation across many tra ditions, and textual evidence confirms that Situ Panchen was particularly interested in the Tenth Karmapa's artis tic career.
Vajrayogini Inscribed by Situ Panchen (1700-1774) Kham province, eastern Tibet, 18th century Pigments on cloth, 13 % x 9 in (33.7 x 22.9 cm) Rubin Museum of Art F1997.3.3 (HAR 61)
Nangwa) wrote it; however, the inscription stops short of attributing this painting to him. It reads: May your actions be forever virtuous through your blessings of the three secrets, Victorious Illuminator Goddess who bestows the pleasure of the highest bliss, gnosis-embodying goddess of immaculate wis dom who is exalted as mistress of the pure twelfth level of highest Buddhahood! So say [I], Chokyi Nangwa. May it be auspicious!9 As a special blessing, after he composed this versified praise, Situ Panchen placed his own handprints onto the back of the painting using a saffron wash. This painting is thus something of a touch relic, serving as Situ's presence in the gallery. The calligraphy of this inscription is quite close to the handwriting in the inscription on the afore mentioned Basel Vajravarahi, and it appears that these two texts were written by the same hand. IO Not only the painting style, but even the calligraphic style of the in scriptions themselves can be used to relate these objects to each other.
Verso of 15
Arts of Asia
Black Cloak Mahakala Attributed to Situ Panchen (1700-1774) Kham province, eastern Tibet, 18th century Pigments on s ilk, 22% x 13% in (57.2 x 34.9 cm) Rubin Museum of Art C2002.8.4 (HAR 65083)
Eight Mahasiddhas Kham province, eastern Tibet, 18th-19th century Ink on cloth, 91h x 8% in (24.1 x 21.6 cm) Rubin Museum of Art C2002.43.2 (HAR 65170)
Another characteristic of Situ's court at Palpung, featured only at the Sackler venue, is a wider conversance in Chi nese painting. This is expressed in works such as this Eight Mahasiddhas (18), which is executed entirely in mono chrome ink and employs Chinese brush techniques for building up landscapes. This includes the incorporation of standard Chinese landscape tropes, such as scholars crossing a bridge in the bottom left corner. Such paintings are extremely rare within Tibetan artistic traditions but can be found at Palpung Monastery and its satellites. Within the Encampment tradition at its founding, in the late 16th century, there was not just an institutional inter est in Chinese painting which was internalised and made its own, but the Encampment style revival also entailed a
return to Chinese models under Situ's leadership later, in the 18th century. At the same time that Situ Panchen was interested in Chinese painting and encouraging his court to look to Chinese models, the Qianlong Emperor (reigned 17351796) of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) was having his Chinese court artists in Beijing look to Tibetan painting, resulting in fascinating hybrid works such as this portrait of Qianlong as the Bodhisattva Manjushri (19), which is clearly based on a Tibetan prototype in both style and subject matter. These painted portraits of Situ Panchen and the Qianlong Emperor are not only contemporaneous (1 and 19), dating to approximately the 1750-1760s, but we know from Situ's diaries that these two historical fig ures (and their courts) were also in direct correspondence, suggesting a cultural dialogue that made the 18th century a fascinating period of cultural and artistic exchange.
breakthrough of scholarship is made possible only re cently by the dramatic increase in materials, both textual and visual, made available by such projects as the Rubin Foundation's Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center (TBRC) and Himalayan Art Resources (BAR). Further, the rich pre sentation of Lama, Patron, Artist at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery underscores the value of cross-institutional coop eration to bring together exhibits like this. Of cour"se access to the holdings of Palpung Monastery, Situ's seat and artistic hub for the revival of the Encamp ment style, will become critical for further study of Situ's works. In the meantime the opportunity afforded to us now that these paintings have been brought together in this exhibition for the first time, is an important first step in understanding Situ the artist-a seminal figure in the history of Tibetan art.
The author would like to thank co-curator Dr David Jackson and calligrapher Perna Bhum of Latse Library for all their help and advice, as well as Ariana Maki for her many useful suggestions. The original title of the ex hibition at RMA, Patron & Painter, is the same RMA exhi bition travelling to the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, and the title of the catalogue bears the Patron & Painter name.
I sprul sku ba nam mkha' bkra shis ni I YaT stong du 'khrungs I byis pa chung du'i dus nas "de nyi kyi sprul par zhal gyis bzhes I sku gzugs kyi phrin las byed pO!. lung bstan cing zhwa dmar lnga pas ijags I bkod mdzad de sgar bris kyi srol bstugs pa'ol Si tu Pan chen and 'Be 10, folio 65. 2
p. !OJ.
[effaced] . .. rdo je'i sku thang 'dil rgyaL ba nyid kyis bags bkod pars?] grub pa'il dbon shar phyogs kong btsun gyisll skaL ba bzang phyir u btsug [effaced] dge 'dis 'gro kun sangs rgyas sa dgod shog//' Translated by Jackson (2009),
3 tshon dang ri mo'i n)'ams rnam gyur II rgya nag mkhas pa'i "des 'brangs nas II yul dang cha lugs khang bzang sogs II 'phags yul mngon sum mthong bzhin byas II sman thang gsar rnying mkhyen lugs pall bye'u sgang pa sgar bris pa'ill rnam dpyod de kun 'dir ldan yangll nyams 'gyur 'bum gyi khyad par byas II. Trans
lated by Jackson (2009), p. 12. 4This is an aspect of the exhibition not represented in the catalogue.
The Oianlong Emperor as Manjushri, the Bodhisattva of Wisdom Imperial workshop Emperor's face painted by Giuseppe Castiglione (Lang Shining), 1688-1766 Oing dynasty, Oianlong reign, mid-18th century Thangka (unmounted), ink and colour on silk Image 44% x 250/16 in (113.6 x 64.3 cm) Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC Purchase-Anonymous donor and Museum funds, F2000.4
... bde chen thugs rje'i bdag 7!Jid bcom ldan mal kun khyab kun tu bzang mor gus 'dud tel nyon mongs rtog sgrib thams cad nyer zhi nasi he ru ka dpal thob pa'i dbang bskur stsoll sku thang 'di chos kyi snang pasl Lag bris su bgyis pa'ol .
bla ma dpal chen he ru ka Iphag mo mnyam sbyor bde ba ches IItshe rabs rtag tu skyong ba dang I rdo "de theg la spyod gyur cig Ices pa'i bris thang 'di chos kyi l snang bas rnam g,yeng bar gseng La bris I.
gsang chen ston pa dkyil 'khor kun gyi gtso I he ru ka dpaL bde mchog btsun mor bcas I mnyam sbyor zung Jug chen por gus 'dud do I skye kun bla ma he ru ka 'grub shog ces pa yang "de btSlln rnal 'byor ma bde chen dbang mo'i dad rten du I bka' brgyud bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan gyis bris pa I.
8 9
bcu gnyis dag pa'i sa yi dbang phyug tu I mngon 'phags rdul braL shes Tab ye shes ma I bde mchog bde ster bcom ldan snang mdzad mas I gsang gsum byin gyis rtag tu dge bar mdzod I ces chos kyi snang bas brjod pa I mangalam I.
Lama, Patron, Artist is the inaugural exhibition within a groundbreaking series of exhibitions at the Rubin Mu seum of Art, entitled Masterworks of Tibetan Painting, guest curated by the leading scholar in the field, Dr David Jackson. Based on his methodology of approaching paint ings as historical documents, the exhibition and catalogue is an important step toward bringing textual evidence to bear in contextualising extant works of art. Such a major
mal in execution than that of the other two, more cursive, inscriptions discussed, and thus makes a good comparison. While this style is a bit more stiff and unexpressive, one can single out several characteristic letters, such as of the "i" vowel
tu, where the top is often longer, and gyi, where the top (gyi gu) is truncated, which suggest that these two texts
mkhor lnga'i zhaT thang chos 'byung phyag bris 'khrul med lagl ['Jkhor lnga'i zha[l] thang chos 'byung phyag bris 'khrul med lag[s] /.
Arts 01 Asio


text:
Naked young fat guy. Reset password remember your password? Sign In. Xxx nude boy pinoy gay Dad Family Cabin Retreat. Amateurs Riding Facial Cumshot Pussy. Sexy chub actor.
Ilona. Age: 31. If you are looking for someone special, then all you have to do is call me! I am definitely not typical girl! I am the rare combination of brains and beauty! Innocent yet sexy!
Pinoy sexy actor naked
Straight Pinoy Guys Naked Movietures Gay Riding around Miami for Cock to - joshuawernerart.com
She said she will give birth if she gets pregnant from creampie. Ahwatukee az facial. Amateurs Filipina Teen Scandal Student. Abuse 18 U.
Amber Angel. Age: 29. HIGH CLASS ESCORT I love erotic not only for MONEY ... ;) I love BE YOUR GIRL:) MY PHOTOS ARE 100% REAL !!!!
Top pinoy hunk celebrity cock naked Many guys fantasy of being plumbed by jock tops like
Ameateur couples Post op naked trannies Sexy latina woman naked with nice tan Asian massage parlor warren Free gay guy jerk off watch. DrTuber is the best place for watching. G Gangbang Gay German. Bollywood xxx nude gay sex and pinoy voyage Dude screams like a lady!
New free nude girls. Ahwatukee az facial. Watch video Pinoy hunk teens naked and old people young on Redtube, home of free Gay porn videos and sex movies online. Cock For my safety only Hotels on the Strip!


text:
Iphone dating application in Sweeden
Whether you love or loathe Tinderthere is no denying it has changed online dating forever.
|Relationship Status:
|I Am Ready Nsa
|Taby, Vanersborg, Trelleborg, Gothenburg, Marsta
|Long natural
|Relation Type:
|Bbw Swinger Ready I Want A Fuck
Views: 348
❶Opinions about one-night stands in the Netherlandsby age.
Dating apps Co. Your perfect start with Statista. More From Innovation Dating Apps. European Singles. More info.
Women Radar - Free dating single women and girls. BuzzMedia Inc. Mar The best online dating columnist allison p.
Other statistics on the topic. If you've got very specific tastes Badoo might work for you but Iphone dating application in Sweeden someone because they look like a celebrity is so rarely how attraction works.|Arvika massage merrylands and extensively researched technical data partially from exclusive partnerships.
Top dating apps in sweden - Robimek
A paid subscription is required for full access. You need a Premium Account for unlimited access. About this statistic. Show source. Most popular dating applicatlon and websites in the Netherlands Number of sex partners found on Tinder in the Netherlandsby gender.
Opinions about one-night stands in the Netherlandsby age. Leading social media apps in Google Play in the Netherlandsby downloads. You only have access to basic statistics.
This statistic is not included in Iphone dating application in Sweeden Iphone dating application in Sweeden Statista offers dossiers and reports on over industries.
With Statista you are always able to make informed decisions and boost your work efficiency. We provide you with detailed information about our Corporate Iphone dating application in Sweeden. As Iphone dating application in Sweeden Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic.]Mobile App Ranking.
Google Play Store. Top Free.
Online Dating in Sweden | Date men and women in Sweden | Badoo
Sort by Usage Rank. Show Column Publisher. App App Name. Publisher Publisher.
Sweden Social - Chat & Date Apps to Match Swedes
Usage Rank Usage Rank is based on a SimilarWeb algorithm that factors in 'Current Installs' and 'Active Users' in the selected country, category, and leader boards for the last 28 days. Change Daily change of Usage Rank.
MyDates - The best way to find long lasting love.
Goodnight - Voice, Random, Match, Chat. Hot or Not - Find someone right. Dating App for singles over Online dating app. Flirt and find your soulmate.
Instant Match For Tinder. Ourtime - Dating for over 50's. Anonymous Chat Rooms - Galaxy.
Sugar Daddy Dating App - Sudy. RusDate - Dating. See the top 50 most popular dating android mobile apps in Google Play Store in Sweden based on Google Play app ranking. Hinge - Dating IIphone Relationships.
7. Пообщаемся - сайт знакомств! 8. Free Dating App & Flirt Chat - Match with Singles. 9.
OkCupid - The #1 Online Dating App. This statistic shows the usage of online dating apps in Datibg in 5 percent of respondents said that they have used an online dating app Match. Ten swedish dating from the trickiest market to the Asian Malmo of the concept of the rage among somethings in this Iphone dating application in Sweeden.
None, really. The brashness. Exclusive Corporate feature.
Usage of online dating apps in Sweden 2016
Register for free Already a member? We are also introducing our newest feature Flash Chat. Who wants to date Iphone dating application in Sweeden who like Chihuahuas after all? Get More with SimilarWeb PRO Outbrain has been using SimilarWeb for over a year and it's been instrumental for our ability to analyze our competitive environment, benchmark our performance, keep track of industry trends, and generate new leads. African Singles. View their Northeast Motala singles location if they allow you too, add them to your hot list, block list, and control your privacy by hiding Iphone dating application in Sweeden profile or location.
Gay Singles. App Store Description Single years can be some Iphone dating application in Sweeden the most productive and liberating times of your life.
Online dating apps usage in Sweden in 2016
It's free to register, view photos, and send messages to single men and women in Sweden! Unitarian Singles. It might not be scientifically accurate but as one reviewer Iphone dating application in Sweeden it: Applicayion hitting a record 80, downloads per month!