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Difference between revisions of "LXDM"
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===Default background color===
===Default background color===
Useful if you have a theme such as archlinux-lxdm-theme from the AUR. All you have to do to set a background is add the following to the configuration file.
Useful if you have a theme such as archlinux-lxdm-themefrom the AUR. All you have to do to set a background is add the following to the configuration file.
Revision as of 23:50, 28 January 2012
From LXDM - LXDE Display Manager:
- LXDM is the lightweight display manager aimed to replace gdm in LXDE distros. The UI is implemented with GTK+. It is stil in early stages of development.
Install the lxdm package which is available in the official repositories.
To make the graphical login the default method of logging into the system, edit your
/etc/inittab file (recommended) by adding or uncommenting this line:
x:5:respawn:/usr/sbin/lxdm >& /dev/null
Alternatively you can add
lxdm to your list of daemons in
/etc/rc.conf. These procedures are detailed on the Display Manager page.
The configuration files for LXDM are all located in
/etc/lxdm. The main configuration file is
lxdm.conf, and is well documented in it's comments. Another file,
Xsession, is the systemwide x session configuration file and should generally not be edited. The other files in this folder are all bash scripts, which are run when certain events happen in LXDM.
These are:
LoginReady: Is executed with root priviledges when LXDM is ready to show the login window.
PreLogin: Is run as root before logging a user in.
PostLogin: Is run as the logged-in user right after they have logged in.
PostLogout: Is run as the logged-in user right after they have logged out.
PreReboot: Is run as root before rebooting with LXDM.
PreShutdown: Is run as root before poweroff with LXDM.
If you want to log in to one account automatically, without providing a password, find the line in
/etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf that looks like this:
Uncomment it, then substitute your own username instead of "username".
This will cause LXDM to automatically log you in to the specified account when it first starts up. However, if you were to log out of that account, you would have to enter its password to log back into it; and if the password was empty, you would find yourself unable to log into the account. To make it so that you can manually log into the account without entering a password, first delete the password:
$ passwd -d USERNAME
Then, edit the PAM file for LXDM, which is
/etc/pam.d/lxdm. The files in this directory describe how users are authenticated by the various installed programs that need to do some sort of authentication. Change the line that says
auth required pam_unix.so
to this:
auth required pam_unix.so nullok
This will tell the pam_unix authentication module that blank passwords are to be accepted. After making this change, LXDM will let you log into accounts with blank passwords.
Default background color
Useful if you have a theme such as archlinux-lxdm-themeAUR from the AUR. All you have to do to set a background is add the following to the configuration file.
Default session
If you want to change the default session or DE for LXDM to run instead of the default LXDE. Edit
/etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf and change the line:
to whatever session or DE you want as default. Example to use Xfce as your default:
This is useful if your theme has no visible session selection box or you have trouble using autologin.
Expected Logout Behavior
What might be slightly surprising with LXDM is that, by default, it does not clear the last user's desktop background or kill the user's processes when that user logs out. If you desire this behaviour, you can edit
/etc/lxdm/PostLogout like this:
#!/bin/sh # Kills all your processes when you log out. killall --user $USER -TERM # Set's the desktop background to solid black. Useful if you have multiple monitors. xsetroot -solid black
Unlocking Keyrings upon Login
When using a key manager such as gnome-keyring to manage passwords for ssh keys,
/etc/pam.d/lxde should be adjusted to allow users to unlock keyrings upon login if desired. The following is an functional configuration:
#%PAM-1.0 auth requisite pam_nologin.so auth required pam_env.so auth required pam_unix.so auth optional pam_gnome_keyring.so account required pam_unix.so session required pam_limits.so session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_gnome_keyring.so auto_start password required pam_unix.so


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Military, Products, Services
By By Andrew Drwiega, Military Editor | January 1, 2013
Send Feedback
Progress in the ongoing development of the United States Marine Corps' (USMC) heavy lift helicopter replacement, the Sikorsky CH-53K, has been announced with the delivery of the prototype aircraft to the flight test team. This means that NAVAIR and Sikorsky pilots can begin the program of scheduled ground checks that will take place over the next year.
Production of the ground test vehicle (GTV) began in July 2011. It will undergo hundreds of hours of testing, the purpose of which is to "shake out the CH-53K helicopter's dynamic systems by thoroughly testing and measuring the performance of the rotor blades, transmission, and engines while the aircraft is tied to the ground," stated Michael Torok, Sikorsky's CH-53K program vice president.
Although the CH-53K program was conceived in 2003 with development work starting in 2005, it was not until 2010 that the main rotor blade and main gear box near were developed into maturity, states the Government Accountability Office (GAO) in its Assessment of Selected Weapons Programs issued in March 2012.
Four flight test helicopters will join the testing program during 2014-2015. There is still a distance to go on this program with the low rate production decision set for late summer 2015 and an initial operating capability (IOC) not expected before 2019. In 2008, USMC directed that the acquisition should increase from 156 CH-53Ks to 200 in line with an expected increase in marine numbers from 174,000 to 202,000. However, in August 2011 it was stated that USMC numbers could fall by 20,000 starting in 2015. The GAO reports that in the same month "the contract's schedule was re-baselined and several key production and testing events were delayed. For example, the delivery dates for the program's engineering development models were moved back and its first flight was delayed from 2013 to 2014." However, the announcement that the GTV is now ready was described as "an important point of transition" by Col. Robert Pridgen, program manager for heavy lift helicopters. "I am encouraged by the initial results of our testing at the component and subsystem level. Now we bring it all together. The GTV is our first dynamic system-level integration of those same components." Partners in the fuselage manufacture include Aurora Flight Sciences, ITT Excelis, GKN Aerospace and Spirit Aerosystems.


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The Tessie Cleveland Committee is named in honor of Dr. Tessie Cleveland, a nationally honored social worker, educator and administrator that served as faculty in our School for several years.
Inspired by her example, the Committee's mission is to provide an opportunity for Social Work students on campus to become educated about, exchange ideas and offer service to the African American community. In the fall of 2007 the Committee organized a very successful toy, book, sports equipment and school supply drive that benefited needy families locally and abroad. Donations were given to the Sickle Cell Foundation, His Sheltering Arms, AFACT (A Foundation for African Children Today), and the Congress for Racial Equality. Over 200 hundred items were donated!
We welcome all students and hope that you will join us!
For more information and to be added to the e-mail list: please contact Dr. Yolanda R. Green, Faculty Advisor for the Tessie Cleveland Committee at firstname.lastname@example.com. She can also be reached at 562-985-8312.


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Jane Campion will head the Cinéfondation and Short Film Jury of the 66th Cannes Film Festival.
The New Zealand-born director won the short film Palme d'or in Cannes for Peel in 1986 and also won the Palme d'Or in 1993 for The Piano. Her latest film, Bright Star, played in Cannes Competition in 2009.
Gilles Jacob, president of the Festival de Cannes and the Cinéfondation, declared: "Jane is a child of Cannes. I know this as it was I who selected her first three short films for the Festival, because I liked her style and consistency. Naively perverse young girls, teens closed in around their solitude, and women mulling over desires and regrets: Jane's is a passionate universe that she firmly holds in check as she draws these intricate group portraits. I am delighted that the love story between Lady Jane and the Festival continues today as she takes on the role of president."
The Cinéfondation and Short Film jury will be comprised of five figures from the worlds of film and literature and they choose their three prize winners from among the Cinéfondation's selection of film school entrants. The jury also chooses the winner of the short film Palme d'or, which is presented during the closing ceremony of the Festival (May 26).
Campion's new TV project Top of the Lake recently screened at Sundance.


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concego necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 73 diseños de 29 diseñadores freelance.
We are a B2B company that need 1 logo for our company and 1 product logo.
Company Logo: Our main focus is to sell niche business solutions using Internet and the Mobile as a platform.
Product Logo: Our product Mobile Worklog consist of a mobile application for registering what you do on your mobile and managing this on the web.
Company Logo:
We want to give impression to be professional B2B company that can be trusted and relied on. It is important since our customers are companies. At the same time we are working on solutions that are ground-breaking internet and mobile applications. So we want to give both of these different (and maybe contradictonary) impressions. Also important is that we are mainly targeting small companies. Solid, trusty but still top of the line and for ALL (not just large enterprises). The name of the company is Concego.
Product Logo:
Our product is a Mobile Worklog and consists of 2 parts: a web application and the mobile application that communicates with the web application "live". So when clicking on application that you do something you can see it on web application. So this feeling of "live" mobile application is important. Essence of this product is that you can log and take time of what you do outside a permanent workplace. So the product is "live" and "mobile" and increases productivity for our customers. The name of the product is Mobile Worklog.
Remarks 1: We will favor those who can manage to give both logos same "identity". So that we can see that the product logo belongs to the company logo. Also we have more products so it should be easy to add additional products with the same "identity".
Remarks 2: We want to stand out from the crowd. So it is important that the logos are easy recognizable. Not Las Vegas though.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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The iconic Scuderia Ferrari symbols characterize this polo shirt in cotton piquet, a tribute to the legendary Maranello team and a versatile addition to any fan's wardrobe.
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Please select country/region
Please be advised that changing your location while shopping will remove all items from your Shopping Bag.


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Beware of scams implying association with UNODC
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- UNODC does not request any information related to bank accounts or other private information.
- UNODC does not offer prizes, awards, funds, certificates, scholarships or conduct lotteries through e-mail, mail or fax.
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Should you have any doubts about the authenticity of an e-mail, letter or telephone communication purportedly from, for, or on behalf of UNODC and/or its officials, please send us an e-mail query before taking any further action in relation to the correspondence.


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Karen graduated with a BA in Art, with a concentration in Painting, and focus in Art History, from Cleveland S...more
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Misrepresentation Act | Privacy, Web & Data Policy | Other Policies
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VisiGod necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
3 ganadores han sido elegidos entre 30 diseños de 13 diseñadores freelance.
I need a new template for my web hosting company along with a logo for it. Currently there isn't anything made so you can use your creativity.
none, but you can come up with one.
Desired Color Scheme:
blue / light blue / gray / light gray
Desired Style:
not boxed, not "web 2.0". I also don't want to see any imitations of templatemonster or that kind of sites.
Accepted File Formats:
psd for the template, ai (colored) for the logo
The website and logo should reflect the company name (HostSquadron). I don't like the widely used "box type" of sites so please avoid them. Not other special requirements and i promise i will comment on the work in progress daily. It's a short contest because i like challenges and i wish to see what can be made with this amount of time.
I will not drop nor abandon the contest and if you have any doubt please PM me.
All images and fonts should be free for use in a commercial site.
This contest was originally listed in multiple categories:
- Logo Design
- Web Page Design
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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My inspiration for making fresh, flavorful, fabulous food comes from my mom. From the time I was a young girl I wanted to be in the kitchen, whipping up all kinds of great food like my mom always did. As soon as 7th grade and Home Economics class came around, I looked forward to it each week.
That year, my mom was taking a Chinese cooking class in Manhattan. She came home one time with a Wok, something totally foreign to early 70's American kitchens, but thrilling to me.
I couldn't get enough of it and one week, I was selected to do a cooking demo. I brought in that wok and the utensils that came with it and wowed the class with home made Chinese Food, right there in Frelinghuysen Jr. High School!
Maybe this is where I got my wanderlust — where the desire to travel and experience different places in the world came from. I don't know, but I do know that it had to have something to do with my crazy need to cook and eat food from around the world.
I couldn't wait to see what came out of that deep sided, conical- looking lightweight pan with a wooden handle.
The first thing — Kung Pao Chicken. What was this mysterious dish? It wasn't something we were accustomed to seeing on the menu in our suburban Chinese restaurant alongside the wonton soup, spare ribs and egg rolls.
And the next dish with rice noodles? How could noodles come from those small grains of rice?
It didn't matter. What did matter was that all kinds of delicious food could come from that pan at my mother's hands and once again, she showed us that we could eat well without those boxes of prepared, packaged food such as Rice-a-Roni or Hamburger Helper that had become to popular during my teenage years and which I never tasted unless I was invited to dinner at a friend's house.
My mom knew how to get around the kitchen and always made it seem effortless — unlike me, she never spun around the kitchen like a ball of stress when she had company coming and the food was always presented beautifully.
Me? I may cook well, but my stress-meter is always tipping the scales and plating has never been a skill I've learned, but my passion for preparing and serving food has always been at my core and I am sure I have my mom to thank for that.
I never saw my mom sweat. I simply don't think she didShe always seemed to calm and cool in any situation and glam? She had it. When my sister and I were little girls in the 60's, I think every woman wanted to be like Jackie Kennedy and our mom, she had that look, that sophisticated charm. Our mom was the First Lady of the house and not just the kitchen.
Miss you mom!


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Washington (CNN) - Talks to avoid the so-called fiscal cliff are expected to pick up this week as Congress returns to work.
But a promised second White House meeting on the crisis between President Barack Obama and top congressional leaders still has not been scheduled – a possible sign that staff discussions over the Thanksgiving recess did not yield the progress leaders hoped.
- Follow the Ticker on Twitter: @PoliticalTicker
"The talks in the last week haven't been tremendously productive," said a Senate Democratic leadership aide who described the main sticking point as the refusal of Republicans "to get specific about what they would accept in terms of revenues."
Obama met with congressional leaders on November 16. Afterward, the Republican and Democratic lawmakers voiced support for finding an agreement in a rare show of bipartisanship.
Staff talks were supposed to lead to a second White House meeting this week but only if they made enough progress on a draft proposal that would be reviewable by the chief negotiators.
The Democratic aide said negotiations are not at a point "where people are huddled in a conference room with spread sheets" but are instead at the early "dancing stage" of negotiations.
Most of the talks over the recess took place over the phone but a few occurred in one-on-one in-person meetings on Capitol Hill, according to multiple aides.
Despite the negative read-out from the Democratic aide, congressional Republican leadership aides declined to characterize the state of the talks which are being spearheaded by aides to Obama and House Speaker John Boehner, but also include other congressional leaders.
One GOP aide accused Democrats who are not central to the negotiations of leaking details of the talks in order to portray Republicans negatively. Another GOP aide noted that the talks are continuing, which itself can be read as progress.
The White House said on Monday the president reached out on Saturday to Boehner and Senate Democratic Leader Harry Reid to touch base about their efforts to avert the crisis.
Fiscal cliff is a term used to describe the combination of mandated spending cuts and tax increases set to take place at the end year that economists warn could wipe out the fragile economic recovery.
Wall Street is concerned that negotiations will not resolve the matter, prompting key business leaders to lobby Washington for a deal.
Main sticking points revolve around tax increases, spending cuts, and overhauling major entitlement programs.
Democrats insist the top marginal tax rates return to the higher levels that existed before tax cuts that were enacted during the George W. Bush administration.
Almost all Republicans oppose a higher tax rate but several have said they would accept higher revenues if they came from eliminating deductions and other loopholes in the tax code and were coupled with entitlement reforms.
Republicans insist Democrats agree to cut discretionary spending and make significant reforms to Medicare and Social Security.
While some Democrats have said they are open to changes in the Medicare program, there is little appetite to make Social Security reform part of the fiscal cliff negotiations because Democrats argue the program is self-funded and doesn't add to the deficit.
Meanwhile, distrust between the parties is making negotiations more difficult.
Democrats said they were concerned Republicans would want to lock in spending cuts now in return for promises of tax reforms next year that might never materialize.
And Republicans said they were concerned that Democrats want to lock in tax hikes now in return for spending cuts next year that might never happen.
On the Senate floor on Monday, Reid and Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell continued to dance.
"The question is what are we going to do about this?" asked McConnell. "How do we face up to fiscal irresponsibility and can-kicking that got us here and finally do what's right for this country?"
Reid said: "I remain optimistic that when it comes to our economy – when it comes to protecting middle class families from a whopping tax hike January First – Republicans and Democrats will be able to find common ground."
The fact remains that both sides must come together and cooperate to get things done. The buck stops with the President. A leader must rise to the cause and if nothing is accomplished, it's all on him. If the only way he can get anything done is to have complete control of both houses of congress, then he is useless. Other Presidents were able to do this. Whether this one can remains to be seen.
Face it people, the GOP is stalling. They have nothing to bargain with, so it is in the best interests to see if they can somehow change the polls so that the Dems take the blame for going over the fiscal cliff.
Not one Republican is serious when they say they'll consider "revenues" when they simultaneously rule out eliminating the Bush-Obama tax cuts.
I say we go over the cliff. At least $500 billion of the deficit will be cut, and it won't be all in cuts, and all of it won't be in January.
There needs to be something more done and figured out.
Sigh, nothing ever changes. The word "urgency" is not in their vocabulary. If the Republicans don't want to have their ranks further decimated in 2014, they may want to lay off the "entitlement" talk. How about this: why don't you all 1) take a pay cut, 2) start chipping in for your health insurance and other monetary benefits. I wonder how much could be saved? If you do that, THEN you can talk about fooling around with the "entitlements".
Hey! I know how to save quite a chunk of change. Why don't all of the Senators and Congressmen take a pay cut. We the People pay you a handsome salary. We also provide for you top-of-the-line health insurance. That would be a great start.
The Republicans will have to be pushed to the wall. If they continue with the same old bull they've tried to put over on the American people, we may go over the cliff, and we'll be saying goodbye to most of them in 2014.
Mitch McConnell and the Repubs will not compromise, and then blame any inaction on President Obama.
Repubs care nothing about our country, and only about the top 0.01% who do not want to pay their fair share in taxes. McConnell and his ilk are traitors in my book!
When will republicans grow up And become men? They Jjust lost an election on Tax cuts all round IN ADDITION TO LEAVING BUSH CUTS PERMANENTLY ON THE BOOKS.
A WHACKING GREAT SWIPE AT PPACA= repeal!!
Then more defense spending and Saber rattling war intent.
Time for Obama to say I want an agrrement but if it does not include:=
Tax rate increases on the Over $200/250K earners, attempts to undermine PPACA or increase defense spending I will veto such legislation.
I wish/ demand House Democrats and Senate to fix a spending/ Enttilement cut schedule = to the Sequestration $600bn before 31st March next year if not the rich tax increase is repealed and becomes permanent.
Mc Connel and Boehner will have no choice but to take us over the fiscal cliff and no way of saying not our fault.
Me being the cynic/ pragmatist that I am, I think all the above including spending cuts it works; and Republicans will realise that doing it NOW takes the really serious economic and debt issues of the desk for 2014 elections??
Madam Pellosi looks stunning!


text:
What is a Bomb Cyclone?
Clip: Season 46 | 1m 54s
Discover the science behind the phenomenon.
Aired: 03/18/19
Buy Now:
Problems Playing Video?
National corporate funding for NOVA is provided by Draper. Major funding for NOVA is provided by the David H. Koch Fund for Science, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and PBS viewers. Additional funding is provided by the NOVA Science Trust.


text:
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About Mercedes Benz 190
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text:
Morne Micotrin is the fourth highest mountain on the island
{4006 feet} and is within the Morne Trois Piton National Park.
This is also a tough climb and persons attempting it should be in
good physical condition
Hiking time 3-4 hours
Minimum Cost Of An Activity:
The minimum cost of all activities are calculated on a minimum of 4 persons, the booking engine will not accept a booking for less than the cost of 4 persons.
This is not an indication that less than 4 persons cannot book an activity, what it means is that they would pay the minimum cost. Example if an activity is listed as $35.00 per person, the minimum cost is $ 140.00
Please also note that all listed prices are subject to 15% government tax.
National Parks Fees All sites within the National Parks has entrance fees of US 3.00 per person, some sites are accessed through private property, and fees may vary, these fees are not included in the listed tour prices.
Waitukubuli National Trail Entrance Fees
Per Segment Fee US 12.00
Fifteen Day Pass US 40.00These fees are not included in the listed tour prices.
If you have problems booking an activity please email us at firstname.lastname@example.com or call 561.594.2927
Ken's Hinterland Adventure Tours, is a Government Certified full service Adventure Vacations and Ground Handling Company on the island of Dominica.
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text:
College of Education
The College of Education is dedicated to:
- Preparing and committed professionals for Montana's schools;
- Conducting socially significant research to improve the human condition;
- Providing community services aimed at improving the quality of life experienced by Montanans; and
- Providing graduate education designed for the continuing development of professionals.
If you are interested in becoming an elementary or secondary teacher, are already a licensed teacher interested in learning new concepts and strategies, or are interested in an advanced degree connected to education, we can help!
Our faculty members are excellent teacher educators who are involved in research and partnerships with local and regional schools. We will help you plan your program of study, offer research-based instruction, and link your learning on campus to the public school classroom.
Students find the combination of theoretical and practically oriented classes help them develop the knowledge, skills, and dispositions that will enable them to become effective and successful educators. School administrators throughout the West seek out MSU Billings education graduates because of their reputation for being well prepared and innovative teachers.


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Evening: Some advice for President Obama, courtesy of some very clever liberal PAC with deep connections in DDOT, I bet.
|21st and New Hampshire
11th Street to E Street and around the freshly paved Columbus Circle. Smooth like butter, though I've never biked through butter.
I stopped at Schneider's and I had to lock my bike to a chain that connected two poles of a sort of crappy fence. There was no bike parking. I mean, why would a group that's portrayed as rich, effete europhilic snobs ever want to do something as humdrum and lowbrow as shop for fancy and expensive imported wines? When it comes to bike parking, I'm a "see something, say something" sort of person. When I bought my wine, I asked the woman behind the counter if they had bike parking. She said they used to and then something happened and now most people lock their bikes to the fence-like place where I locked mine. I told her that they should really get some bike parking and if they did "I would come here, like, all of the time. I promise." She said that she would tell "them," but I'm not sure that's going to happen. Doesn't she know that I'm the 37th most popular
After the wine, came bread (Bread and Wine by Ignazio Silone also suggests you KEEP LEFT) and this was at the Spring Mill Bakery on Barracks Row and I rode there from Massachusetts to 7th Street to Pennsylvania to 8th Street. I bought two loaves and bread and zero loaves of anything else. Then it was G Street SE to 11th and I saw Adam, whom you might remember from the other times I've mentioned seeing him, and then it was back around Lincoln Park and to A Street SE and home.


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March 26, 2013
A Tucson gun store owner has decided to rescind the sale of a military-style rifle to Mark Kelly, the husband of former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, after Kelly said he had intended the purchase to make a political point about how easy it is to obtain the kind of firearms he's lobbying Congress to ban.
Kelly's March 5 purchase of an AR-15-style rifle and a 45.-caliber handgun at Diamondback Police Supply sparked a frenzy of reaction from both sides of the debate after he posted to Facebook a photo of himself shopping.
A background check took only a matter of minutes to complete, Kelly said in the Facebook post, adding that it's scary to think people can buy similar guns without background checks at gun shows or on the Internet.
By the way, people who know what's coming are taking advantage of our healthy & delicious storable food!


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If you like being outside and exploring nature, then this is the sport for you. Using a map and your powers of observation, you'll navigate through a course of pre-set checkpoints.
Beginners are welcome, and it is not unusual to see entire families orienteering, either together or on different levels of courses.


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Freshman Kaneshige was part of a foil division that went a combined 24-3 during its three matches at the Beanpot tournament Tuesday night. (Gil Talbot)
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – The No.3 men's fencing team swept all three Boston area opponents, MIT, Boston College and Brandeis to claim the 2012 fencing Beanpot title, Tuesday night at the Malkin Athletic Center. The men's foil division led the way for the Crimson only losing three matches the entire tournament.
In the first match against MIT, the Crimson got strong play from its saber and foil fields as the two weapon classes went a combined 16-2. Harvard sparred to 5-4 with the epee, defeating MIT, 21-6. Next up for the Crimson was the Boston College Eagles. Both the saber and epee went 6-3 against BC while the Foil group tallied a record of 8-1. Harvard went on to down the Eagles, 20-7. The Crimson finished the evening against the Brandeis Judges. The foil group took care of business yet again going 8-1 against its foes. The saber and epee divisions followed suit fencing to identical 7-2 records and a 22-5 victory over the Judges.
Harvard will now prepare for the NCAA regionals which will be hosted by Boston College on March 11, 2012. Check back later for individual records and results.


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You are using an outdated browser. Upgrade your browser today for a better experience of this site and many others.
A round up of topical news articles.
Click on a headline to read the full story. Click here to subscribe to our monthly newsletter.
10 Feb 2020
The leaders of the UK and European Union signed the Withdrawal Agreement, and the UK left the EU on 31 January 2020.
Minister for Public Finance and Digital Economy, Kate Forbes, delivered the 2020/21 Scottish Draft Budget on Thursday 6 February 2020.
Chancellor Sajid Javid has announced that he will deliver the 2020 Budget on Wednesday 11 March 2020.
Vengeful witches and pet hamsters feature in HMRC's list of imaginative excuses and expense claims.
HMRC has now published draft secondary legislation for the off-payroll working rules that are due to come into force in April this year.
Employees are allowed to claim tax relief on their annual professional fees or subscriptions to some HMRC approved professional organisations.
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has confirmed it will introduce new rules in April this year that it says will make the costs of overdrafts clearer and easier to compare.
The government has confirmed that parents who suffer the loss of a child will be entitled to two weeks' statutory leave.
Click here to access our full archive


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What's your best tip for keeping your home organized during the busy holiday season?
Keep an ongoing list and select three most important tasks off it to complete each day. In addition take 10 to 15 minutes before bed to whirl around your home putting things back where they belong and giving a quick general tidy.


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You will find below information about Bergerac airport. Use the links below to read detailed information about Bergerac airport: location, route maps, live departures and arrivals etc.
Skyscanner allows you to find the cheapest flights to Bergerac airport without having to enter specific dates or even destinations, making it the best place to find cheap flights for your trip to Bergerac airport. Use the links at the side of the page to browse for flight information or use the flight search controls above to start a new search.
Airports near Bergerac:
- Perigueux airport (47km)
- Agen airport (72km)
- Brive Vallée de la Dordogne airport (79km)
- Bordeaux airport (97km)
- Limoges airport (126km)
- See all airports in France.


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Ligustrum bonsai are excellent choices for both beginners and intermediate bonsai enthusiasts. This is because they tend to be rather hearty and capable of survival in a variety of different temperatures, soils, and locations. Additionally, compared to some other popular types of bonsai, Ligustrum require a bit less maintenance. If you?re looking for a beautiful and unique addition to your bonsai collection, or a great way to start practicing this ancient art, a member of the Ligustrum family is a wonderful place to begin .
Tree Size
Height : 47cm
Tree Diameter : 5cm
Wide : 32cm
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and get all the latest news, trends and offers straight to your inbox. Or get 10% off using code KEBUNBIBIT10{"en":"We'll email only for really big sales","fr":"Une courte phrase décrivant, vous recevrez en vous souscrivant"}
PROFILE{"en":"profile","fr":"À propos de nous"}
During the last decades kebunbibit.com served many international wholesalers, growers, retailers with top quality of plants. Whether you are looking for Ornamental plants, Fruit plants, Herb, Flower plant or bonsai. We deliver them to you any time, any place, anywhere.
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I have been contemplating purchasing Bibleworks or one of the other "big three" for several years now. I know the general strengths and weaknesses of each of them, and I think any of them would give me far more than what I currently have. Trying to decide which is best has been a big part of slowing me down from making a purchase, but I finally realize that I need to take the plunge one way or another. It seems for the combination of price, speed, search functions, and original language resources, Bibleworks is the way to go. However, one thing that really turns me off to Bibleworks is its interface. It looks nowhere near as user-friendly as the other two. I would like to hear from Bibleworks users who have thought similarly, at least initially. After using the interface for a long enough period I'm sure it gets better, but wouldn't you still prefer to look at and use the Logos or Accordance screens? I know that blogs have posted software comparisons ad nauseum, but I would like to hear what Bibleworks users have to say specifically about this apparent weakness. And any other advice you might have would be appreciated too!
Thanks in advance.


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California | RV and Camping Travel Tips
Road Trip | California's Lost Coast
- Article Information
- Category: Hit the Road and Camp America!
Explore California's Lost Coast | Take a Camping or RV Road Trip From San Francisco to Shelter Cove
California's coast is filled with amazing spots to travel. Travelers can have a wonderful time visiting San Francisco and traveling north to Shelter Cove on California's Lost Coast. The city of San Francisco is a filled with fun attractions. Along the coast, visitors will find many destinations to recreate and explore the beautiful California outdoors.
More Articles...
- National Park Guides | The Presidio - San Francisco
- National Park Guides | The Presidio - San Francisco, California
- Top Picks | Mardi Gras Celebrations
- Top Picks | Top 10 Undiscovered Ski Resorts
- Top Picks | Top 10 Hot Springs
- Hot Spot | High Sierra, California
- Camping Gem | San Diego
- Road Trip | Death Valley
- Camping Gem | Best Off The Beaten Path US National Parks
- Road Trip | Pacific Coast Highway
- Road Trip | Cresent City, California to Ashland, Oregon
- Camping Gem | Morro Bay, California
- Dog Sledding
- Lake Tahoe Eastshore Byway
- San Francisco's Chinese New Year
- U.S. Highway 101 in California
- Point Reyes & Inverness Ridge, CA
- Camping Gem | Lassen Peak Area, California
- Big Sur, California
- Death Valley, California
- Calistoga, California
- Solvang, California - A taste of Denmark in the Heart of Southern California?
- Half Moon Bay, California
- Mount Shasta, California - Mountains, Lakes and Forests - Oh My!
- Lake Champlain Birding Trail
- Nacogdoches, TX - Blueberries in the Bluebonnet State
- Portland, Oregon - America's "best big city"
- Legends of the Old West - The Alamo
- Legends of the Old West - Glenwood Springs, Colorado
- Great Smoky Mountains


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Call us on : (+34) 951 98 47 59 / (+34) 670 78 98 58
Home Exposure Marbella is a modern real estate agency based in Marbella, Spain. At Home Exposure Marbella we offer properties For Sale in some of the best areas of Marbella.
We specialize in villas in Marbella East areas like, Elviria, El Rosario, Marbesa, Los Monteros, Hacienda las Chapas and Capopino. Next to this we offer townhouses and apartments on the best locations in these areas.
In Addition we recently started operating in other quality areas in and around Marbella. Some of these areas are: Sierra Blanca, Nagueles, the Golden Mile, Nueva Andalucia, Guadalmina and Atalaya.
We combine local knowledge and expertise with a strong web presence. Our local area experts make sure our portfolio in the key areas is up to date providing clients the optimum range of choices. With micro websites dedicated to relatively small specific areas we improve the opportunity of linking buyers to suitable properties. Click here to see all our micro sites.
We work with local profesionals, like lawyers, acountants, insurance agents, mortgage brokers and notaries, to make your purchase safe and pleasant.
To present our properties in the best way possible we apply professional photography. On request we also offer virtual high definition video tours of our properties.
Our team can attend you in 7 languages: Spanish, English, Dutch, German, Swedish, Norwegian and French. We can not only help you with Marbella property but also help you in some other popular areas to own a holiday home like Costa Blanca, Ibiza, Mallorca, Costa del Sol, France and Italy together with our partner 2Residence offering property in Spain, France and Italy


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Howdy folks, welcome back to another animal lesson on Dragoart.com. Today we will be tackling the task of drawing a sea lion in a very simple style. Sea lions are interesting creatures because they look so much like seals while being very different. What make the two different are a few things. First, they have ears. Sea lions have small flaps that cover the holes of their ears while seals have small pencil like holes for ears with no external ear mass at all. Second; sea lions are very loud animals while the seal is much, much quieter. Thirdly; seals have small, sleek, petite flippers or feet that have claws on each toe. The sea lion however has longer, larger flippers with no claws. This is to aid them as they swim under water. Did you know that sea lions are faster swimmers then seals? It's true; the sea lion can swim under water reaching speeds up to twenty five miles per hour, cool huh? You know those seals that you see at the circus? Those are sea lions that you watch bouncing balls on the tips of their noses. Anyways, learning "how to draw a sea lion" isn't going to be all that hard. In fact, I bet you will be able to breeze through this lesson in to time at all. So carry on folks and have yourself some good fun. Peace out people!
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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Welcome to the Library's Youth Services Department! We are always looking to serve you, our library patron, in new and creative ways. We love to hear from you, so please don't hesitate to Contact Us with questions or feedback.
Download or print our printable event calendar for a list of upcoming programming for youth at the library. For additional details concerning events, please see the Calendar.
AR Book Find
AR Book Find is a highly useful website for finding books' Accelerated Reader (ATOS) levels and point values. You may do a Quick Search for an individual title, or use Advanced Search to generate a list of titles that fit your specific needs. Please note: the library does not own every book found on the AR Book Find site.
Teacher Cards and Collections
The library supports educators' special needs by offering a special card for their professional use. Home educators and school teachers alike are eligible to apply for teacher cards, which allow holders longer loan periods, higher item limits, and some fine forgiveness. Please see our Teacher Cards page for the full policy and to complete an application, or request a Teacher Collection.
Museum Passes
The library offers borrow-able passes to four community institutions. Families are encouraged to use these 3-day passes to explore Dayton's most enriching activities! Passes are available to the Dayton Art Institute, Aullwood Audubon Center and Farm, Learning Tree Farm, and Dayton History (Carillon Historical Park, Patterson Homestead, and Paul Laurence Dunbar State Memorial). Passes can be reserved through the online catalog.
Contact Us
Please feel free to contact the Youth Services department with your questions, requests, suggestions, comments, and concerns. Visit us at the library; call us at 294-7171; use the emails below; or contact us online.
Jacqui Taylor, Youth Services Coordinator
Diane Bengson, Young Adult Librarian
Karen Mills, Children's Librarian
Michele Schoen, Library Associate
Sarah Allison, Library Associate


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*ON SALE!* SPF 15 Continuous Spray Sunscreen
General Protection Continuous Sprays are perfect for those wanting the quickest application for everyday use.
- 360° Protection: Easily sprays over entire body at any angle for the ultimate convenience and protection
- Australian Natural: With the highest Vitamin C content of any fruit, Kakadu Plum is known to promote collagen production while helping protect from free radicals.
- Quick Drying: Dries fast to allow user to return to active lifestyle with a clean, fresh feel
- Fragrance: Take an instant vacation with the signature Cocoa Dreams fragrance. This delectable scent is a delightful combination of Coconut, Orange and Vanilla.
- Specially Formulated: Designed to be Oil Free, Paraben Free, PABA Free, Dye Free & Gluten Free. No CFCs. Broad Spectrum. Water Resistant (80 minutes). Not tested on animals.
Shake well before use. Apply liberally 15 minutes before sun exposure and rub into skin. Hold container 4 to 6 inches from the skin to apply. Do not spray directly into face. Spray on hands then apply to face. Do not apply in windy conditions. Use in well-ventilated area. Reapply: After 80 minutes of swimming or sweating, immediately after towel drying, at least every 2 hours. Children under 6 months: Ask a doctor.
Australian Gold aims to provide complete product information on this website. Please reference the ingredients listed on the product packaging for most accurate, up-to-date information. Ingredients are subject to change in the future.
|Active Ingredients
|Avobenzone 2%
|Octisalate 5%
|Octocrylene 1.85%
Inactive ingredients
Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate, Fragrance (Parfum), Glycerin, Menthyl Lactate, Polyester-8, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Terminalia Ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Fruit Extract, VA/Butyl Maleate/Isobornyl Acrylate Copolymer, Water (Aqua)


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KountryVerC (Feat. DJ Farenheit & TT Suite) - Freaky Girl [Label Submitted]
"KountryVerC new Hit Single Freaky Girl featuring DJ Farenheit and TT Suite. These ladies ride the beat like no other and they bring the sex appeal with it. A Lavish Ladies Ent., Mista Monsta Production & Hats Off Films Production. " [m]
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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Omar Samhan was an unstoppable Gael force.
His career isn't over yet - and neither is Saint Mary's NCAA tournament run as the Gaels are improbably headed to the round of 16.
Samhan played the game of his career on basketball's biggest stage, finishing with 32 points and seven rebounds to lead 10th-seeded Saint Mary's past Villanova 75-68 on Saturday and on to Houston for the South Regional's Sweet 16.
U.S. & World
Mickey McConnell stopped and fired an arcing 25-footer that banked high off the glass to give Saint Mary's a 68-65 lead with 1:15 left.
Samhan used a two-handed block to turn back Reggie Redding and McConnell made both ends of a 1-and-1 to make it 70-65.
The soldout crowd was well behind the Gaels (28-5). Saint Mary's will play Old Dominion or Baylor on Thursday.
Samhan stopped when he saw a familiar face near the locker room and shouted, ''Did it really happen? We won? For real?''
The Wildcats (25-8) made an early exit a year after they played in the Final Four. They started 20-1 and collapsed at the end.
Scottie Reynolds , who put Villanova in the Final Four last season with a last-second basket against Pittsburgh, was a big reason why the Wildcats are heading home early. He missed 9 of 11 shots and scored eight points after a dud game in the tournament opener. He missed 13 of 15 against Robert Morris for a forgettable end to an otherwise stellar career.
Tears streamed from Reynolds' eyes, his lips trembled as he tried to put the loss and his career in perspective.
"'There's no shame in losing,'' Reynolds said. ''We came up against a great opponent in a Saint Mary's team who just had our number. We're going to hold our heads up high.''
It was Saint Mary's time to go crazy.
The Gaels danced around for the crowd in celebration. Samhan mugged for the fans and tossed a loose ball in the air. He high-fived a ball boy and they embraced for the biggest win in the program's history.
Samhan, a 6-foot-11, 260-pound center, played perhaps the best all-around game of anyone in the tournament so far. His 32 points where one shy of his career high and he made 13 of 16 shots. He'll have plenty to write and videotape for his blog
.''Omar's a beast,'' Saint Mary's forward Clint Steindl said.
He frustrated the Wildcats until late in the second half.
That's when the Wildcats started doing what they do best - run and score on the fastbreak. They rallied from a seven-point halftime deficit with their transition game to tie the score at 51 on Maalik Wayns ' perfect pass through the defense to Antonio Pena for a layup. Pena made a free throw for the tie, and Corey Fisher followed with a basket the next time down for a 53-51 Villanova lead.
Neither team gave much the rest of the way.
Saint Mary's took a three-point lead when - bam! - the slumping Reynolds nailed his first 3-pointer of the game.
Matthew Dellavedova made an acrobatic play as he dribbled, tripped, retained his dribble, spun around Fisher and hit a 3. Wayns - the Philly freshman seemingly built with a turbo-charged engine - sped to the basket for a layup and sliced it to 64-63 with 3:29 left.
The score was frozen until Steindl made one of two free throws to make it 65-63. Wayns tied it on two free throws.
That's when McConnell fired one that was felt from America to Australia - the Gaels boast four Aussies on their roster - and had the Gaels pointed toward the Sweet 16.
The only time the Gaels advanced past the first round in the NCAA tournament was 1959 when there were only 23 teams in the field. They beat Idaho State to advance to the Elite Eight.
McConnell finished with 15 points and Dellavedova had 14.
The Gaels held each of Villanova's top three scores to under double figures. Fisher and Antonio Pena both scored nine points to join Reynolds as a trio of underachievers. Corey Stokes led the Wildcats with 15 points.


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(3) Adoption service The term "adoption service" means— (A) identifying a child for adoption and arranging an adoption; (B) securing necessary consent to termination of parental rights and to adoption; (C) performing a background study on a child or a home study on a prospective adoptive parent, and reporting on such a study; (D) making determinations of the best interests of a child and the appropriateness of adoptive placement for the child; (E) post-placement monitoring of a case until final adoption; and (F) where made necessary by disruption before final adoption, assuming custody and providing child care or any other social service pending an alternative placement. The term "providing", with respect to an adoption service, includes facilitating the provision of the service.
Scoping language
None identified. Default scope is assumed to be the entire title.
Is this correct?


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comic collections by hundreds of authors from more than
45 countries of the world. Thousands of comics, hundreds
of thousands pages!!! Your grannies might have been
leafing through many of comics made available by this
site! It also offers its users to check out the latest
artworks bestselling comics of 2007-2008.


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Every week we get Down & Dirty, in which Nozlee Samadzadeh breaks down our favorite seasonal fruits, vegetables, and more by the numbers.
To the uninitiated, spiciness is binary: just hot or mild. When you look closer, though, you'll find that "spicy" can encompass fruity, meaty, and citrusy flavors. Today we're looking at 9 spicy members of the plant family Capsicum -- hot peppers -- and how they differ from each other.
As you may know, spiciness is measured in Scoville units, which measure the capsaicin present in a pepper. The ones we're discussing today range from Anaheim and jalapeno peppers, just 1,000-2,500 Scoville units, to Habaneros and Scotch Bonnets, which soar up to 100,000-350,000. And that's not even counting Indonesian Bhut Jolokia peppers, which can reach 1,500,000 Scoville units!
When you're shopping for hot peppers at the farmers' market, look for smooth-skinned, unblemished peppers with stems in good condition -- peppers with mushy spots will quickly go bad. It can be difficult to predict spiciness, but the striations are a clue (more on this below), and older, larger peppers are spicier than their younger counterparts. The weather plays a role, too. Peppers need sunny weather to grow to peak spiciness. Rainy Pacific Northwesterners, take note! And finally, color is an indicator: fully mature peppers turn red, yellow, or orange -- yes, even the ubiquitous green jalapeno will turn red given enough time!
As anyone who's ever touched their eyes after chopping a jalapeno can tell you, capsaicin is no joke. Always protect your skin when handling the insides of peppers -- the inner ribs and seeds contain the highest levels of capsaicin. Because it quickly absorbs into the skin, it's difficult to wash off with just soap and water. Elise Bauer at Simply Recipes recommends, if you don't have any plastic wrap or gloves lying around, to coat your hands lightly in oil before handling peppers. The capsaicin will adhere to the oil, which can be washed away. Still, don't go rubbing your eyes immediately afterwards!
The Reds
1. Cayenne - As you might have guessed, this is the pepper that's dried and ground into the powder that everyone has languishing in their spice cabinet. Its clear, hot flavor is worth seeking out if you've only encountered cayenne in its dried form -- try it in your next chili or salsa.
2. Anaheim - Anaheim peppers are also commonly sold when still green -- fully mature peppers, like this one, are often dried for use in chili and the like. The thick skin of Anaheims is perfect for roasting and cooking without having them fall apart.
3. Scotch Bonnet - Don't let the name fool you -- this pepper is named for looking like a tam o' shanter, but it's actually Caribbean. Scotch Bonnets are one of the spiciest peppers around, but drop one into a stew or rice dish and you'll also notice its sweet undertones.
The Yellows
4. Habanero - These South American peppers are the most commonly available insanely spicy pepper around. Its scientific name is Capsicum chinense -- a misnomer for which you can thank Spanish explorers in the New World. Habaneros have a citrus-y, floral heat that's perfect for salsas and marinades alike. Whatever you do, just don't dare your friend to eat one whole.
5. Bird's Eye Chili - Birds love these tiny South Asian chilis, hence the name. They're often eaten raw -- chopped and stirred into fish sauce for dipping, sprinkled into green mango salad -- or pureed into curry paste. A little bit of bird's eye chili goes a long way, so it's best to buy them just a few at a time. This one is yellow and quite spicy; you'll see a green one if you keep scrolling down!
6. Fatalii - This gorgeous African pepper is just as hot as a habanero, but with an even stronger citrus flavor. Their skin is very thin, making them ideal for salsas and hot sauces, as well as for drying.
How Should a Pepper Be?
7. Jalapeno - These Spanish and Mexican peppers are the most commonly available hot pepper, hands down. Their heat, which comes primarily from the seeds, is pretty basic, and the flesh is almost as mild as a green bell pepper. This means they're perfect for stuffing, frying, mild salsas, and the spice-averse -- the Miss Congeniality of the hot pepper world. A word of warning: due to the popularity of jalapeno poppers, the strains of jalapeno you find in grocery stores today have been bred for their large size and mild flavor. Stick to farmers' markets for the real deal!
7(a). I'm Pickin' Up Good Striations - Forgive the awful pun, but here's a useful tip. Peppers of any variety with striations -- those white marks indicating periods of growth -- are much hotter than their smooth-skinned counterparts. Think of them as stretch marks for spiciness, and either stay away or snap them up depending on your palate!
The Greens
8. Serrano - Serranos are like the jalapeno's cool older brother -- they're crisper, hotter, and skinnier but still analogous to the pepper you're more used to. Bigger ones can be roasted, but they're also great raw. It's a perfect variety for the just-getting-started hot pepper novice.
9. Poblano - Conspicuously larger that the rest of the peppers here, poblanos are the central ingredient in chile rellenos. Thick-skinned and only mildly spicy, they're also terrific when roasted. Left to mature fully and then dried, they're called Ancho chiles, a common ingredient in mole sauces.
10. Bird's Eye Chili (again) - Just for kicks, here's a less ripe (and accordingly less spicy) green bird's eye chili. Steer your mild-tongued friends this way.
Happily, most chilis can be easily swapped in and out of recipes. Get experimenting and find your favorites -- just keep some cooling milk or yogurt on hand to gulp down if you have too much.
Spicy Tomato Cocktail
Spicy Cucumber Salad
Catfish with Spicy Salsa
See what other Food52 readers are saying.


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Part of a Trip around the Skagerrak. In the beginning nice little roads with some beautiful landscape, a short detour to the BMW dealer in Roskilde (I lost a screw from the windshield). Second part via the Oresund bridge. Was not as spectacular as I had expected. (and between Malmo and Helsingborg it is not nice to drive) Perhaps it would have been better to take the ferry from Helsingor.
A nice trip on mostly small roads
Beautiful trip, its a must try!!
A very nice tour with base from Touring Camp
Mostly nice small roads


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Bally Women's Autumn Winter 2015 Collection
Milan, 25th February 2015
The Autumn Winter 2015 Collection draws inspiration from the aesthetic of director Wes Anderson's films and the mid to late 60s.
Teamed with a strong sense of eccentricity, the results are reinterpreted classics with an old world charm. The collection depicts pieces that are considered in their design and details, but worn and styled with nonchalance – a nod to Margot Tenenbaum.
"Overall this season, we've worked with literal retro references, paired with Bally's heritage and know-how but rendered effortlessly" - Pablo Coppola


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Participating Organization(s)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Funding Opportunity Title
Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Medications to Treat Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) (R01)
Activity Code
R01 Research Project Grant
Announcement Type
Related Notices
Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number
Companion Funding Opportunity
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s)
Funding Opportunity Purpose
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is soliciting grant (R01) applications to support the synthesis and preclinical evaluation of new molecular entities as potential treatments for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). Responsive applications may include synthesis, identification, optimization and preclinical efficacy and/or safety assessment of lead compounds. Applications must provide timelines and decision-trees with go/no-go criteria to advance or discontinue testing a compound. Possible new molecular entities include, but are not limited to, small molecules, enzymes, antibodies, and vaccines. The goal is to identify candidate compounds and advance them towards Investigational New Drug (IND) submission.
Posted Date
May 15, 2012
Open Date (Earliest Submission Date)
July 15, 2012
Letter of Intent Due Date
July 15, 2012
Application Due Date(s)
August 15, 2012, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization.
AIDS Application Due Date(s)
Not applicable.
Scientific Merit Review
October/November 2012
Advisory Council Review
January 2013
Earliest Start Date(s)
April 2013
Expiration Date
August 16, 2012
Due Dates for E.O. 12372
Not Applicable
Required Application Instructions
It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide, except where instructed to do otherwise (in this FOA or in a Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts). Conformance to all requirements (both in the Application Guide and the FOA) is required and strictly enforced. Applicants must read and follow all application instructions in the Application Guide as well as any program-specific instructions noted in Section IV. When the program-specific instructions deviate from those in the Application Guide, follow the program-specific instructions. Applications that do not comply with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
Part 1. Overview Information
Part 2. Full Text of the Announcement
Section I. Funding Opportunity Description
Section II. Award Information
Section III. Eligibility Information
Section IV. Application and Submission Information
Section V. Application Review Information
Section VI. Award Administration Information
Section VII. Agency Contacts
Section VIII. Other Information
This initiative is designed to support research studies that focus on the synthesis, identification, optimization, and preclinical efficacy and/or safety assessment of lead compounds. The goal is to produce preclinical candidate compounds that exhibit strong potential for development as safe and effective medications for the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs).
Substance use disorders are chronic and relapsing conditions with serious economic and social impact. There are no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of cocaine, methamphetamine, and cannabis use disorders and there is an urgent need for such medications. While pharmacotherapies approved by the FDA for the treatment of opiate and nicotine dependence are available, there is a need for more effective medications to treat these disorders. Multiple receptors and pathways in the central nervous system appear to have potential as targets for treating drug addiction. Although NIDA has funded grants aimed at developing novel therapeutics to treat SUDs, few compounds have emerged as potential clinical candidates.
This FOA intends to expedite the discovery and development of medications to treat SUDs by soliciting applications from both academia and industry that propose research focusing on the synthesis and preclinical testing of candidate compounds suitable for advancement along the drug development pipeline. It is anticipated that this FOA will catalyze and accelerate lead optimization efforts and increase the number of clinical candidates for the treatment of SUDs. It is also expected that this FOA will both strengthen drug discovery and development, as well as enable addiction researchers to tap into NIH-wide funding opportunities to support the advanced preclinical development of their candidate compounds.
The goal of this FOA is to channel innovative ideas and approaches from addiction researchers to a pathway of more rapid and directed medication development research. This approach is expected to boost the number of viable drug candidates in the pipeline and accelerate the pace of bringing new molecular entities from preclinical laboratories to clinical trials for the treatment of SUDs.
In contrast with the traditional 5-year R01, this FOA seeks research and experimental approaches that are focused in nature because of the abbreviated period and specifically desired end result of this award. Preferably, the investigators should have identified either a lead compound(s) or structural scaffold based on prior research or knowledge gleaned from the scientific literature. Applications shall demonstrate background knowledge in the structural and activity relationship of compounds with their intended target or mechanism. Relevant in vitro and/or in vivo animal models shall be included for potency and efficacy assessment. In addition to pharmacological evaluation, a description/outline of either direct or surrogate pharmacokinetic (PK/ADME) studies of the compounds is expected. A screening tree with clearly defined "go/no go" criteria at each decision point in the lead advancement process must be incorporated in the research proposal. The investigator must also describe a pathway for further development of the lead candidate compound. Applications deemed by NIDA program staff to be non-responsive to this FOA will be administratively withdrawn and will not be reviewed. Priority will be given to compounds/platforms with demonstrated novelty/patentability.
Support from this award will facilitate further research efforts in lead optimization and the ultimate selection of 1-2 strong candidates that will be ready to enter the preclinical stage of safety and toxicological evaluation for IND submission. Under this FOA, applications proposing new or proof of concept targets will not be accepted. Based on existing preliminary data, the investigators must demonstrate in the application that by the end of the three-year grant period, there is a high probability of the project yielding new molecular entities either ready to enter or already in the advanced preclinical evaluation required for an IND submission.
Possible new molecular entities include, but are not limited to, small molecules, enzymes, antibodies, and vaccines. Compounds with novel molecular structures, analogs of existing compounds and prodrugs are all eligible. Targets that have been identified but not yet explored in the clinic for treating addictions will be of special interest. Optimized small molecule candidate compounds should be centrally active and preferably have oral bioavailability. Preliminary pharmacokinetic characterization of the candidate compounds should be an integral part of the research. Applications of in silico, in vitro, or in vivo techniques to provide predicative toxicological profiling of compounds are strongly encouraged. Appropriate rodent, non-human primate, or surrogate animal models should be used to demonstrate efficacy. Therapeutic goals including achieving abstinence, reducing drug use, and preventing relapse are all appropriate.
The period of support of this FOA is limited to three years. The requested budget should be commensurate with the proposed research.
Special Considerations
HIV/AIDS Counseling and Testing Policy for the National Institute on Drug Abuse: In light of recent significant advances in rapid testing for HIV and in effective treatments for HIV, NIDA has revised its 2001 policy on HIV counseling and testing. NIDA-funded researchers are strongly encouraged to provide and/or refer research subjects to HIV risk reduction education and education about the benefits of HIV treatment, counseling and testing, referral to treatment, and other appropriate interventions to prevent acquisition and transmission of HIV. This policy applies to all NIDA funded research conducted domestically or internationally. For more information seehttps://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-DA-07-013.html.
National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse Recommended Guidelines for the Administration of Drugs to Human Subjects: The National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (NACDA) recognizes the importance of research involving the administration of drugs with abuse potential, and dependence or addiction liability, to human subjects. Potential applicants are encouraged to obtain and review these recommendations of Council before submitting an application that will administer compounds to human subjects. The guidelines are available on NIDA's Web site at http://www.nida.nih.gov/about/organization/nacda/CouncilStatement.html.
Points to Consider Regarding Tobacco Industry Funding of NIDA Applicants: The National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (NACDA) encourages NIDA and its grantees to consider the points it has set forth with regard to existing or prospective sponsored research agreements with tobacco companies or their related entities and the impact of acceptance of tobacco industry funding on NIDA's credibility and reputation within the scientific community. Please see (http://ww2.drugabuse.gov/about/organization/nacda/points-to-consider.html) for details.
Funding Instrument
Application Types Allowed
The OER Glossary and the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide provide details on these application types.
Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards
The National Institute on Drug Abuse intends to commit $2,500,000 in FY 2013 to fund 2-4 awards.
Award Budget
Budgets for direct costs of up to $1,000,000 per year and a project duration of up to three years may be requested for a maximum of $3,000,000 direct costs over a three-year project period.
Award Project Period
The maximum period is 3 years.
NIH grants policies as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement will apply to the applications submitted and awards made in response to this FOA.
Higher Education Institutions
The following types of Higher Education Institutions are always encouraged to apply for NIH support as Public or Private Institutions of Higher Education:
Nonprofits Other Than Institutions of Higher Education
For-Profit Organizations
Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply.
Non-domestic (non-U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply.
Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
Applicant organizations must complete the following registrations
as described in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide to be eligible to apply
for or receive an award. Applicants must have a valid Dun and Bradstreet
Universal Numbering System (DUNS) number in order to begin each of the following
All Program Director(s)/Principal Investigator(s) (PD(s)/PI(s))
must also work with their institutional officials to register with the eRA
Commons or ensure their existing eRA Commons account is affiliated with the eRA
Commons account of the applicant organization.
All registrations must be completed by the application due date. Applicant organizations are strongly encouraged to start the registration process at least 4-6 weeks prior to the application due date.
Any individual(s) with the skills, knowledge, and resources
necessary to carry out the proposed research as the Program Director(s)/Principal
Investigator(s) (PD(s)/PI(s)) is invited to work with his/her organization to
develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial
and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always
encouraged to apply for NIH support.
For institutions/organizations proposing multiple PD(s)/PI(s), visit the Multiple Program Director(s)/Principal Investigator(s) Policy and submission details in the Senior/Key Person Profile (Expanded) Component of the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide.
This FOA does not require cost sharing as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Applicant organizations may submit more than one application, provided that each application is scientifically distinct.
NIH will not accept any application in response to this FOA that is essentially the same as one currently pending initial peer review unless the applicant withdraws the pending application.
Applicants must download the SF424 (R&R) application package associated with this funding opportunity using the "Apply for Grant Electronically" button in this FOA or following the directions provided at Grants.gov.
It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide, except where instructed in this funding opportunity announcement to do otherwise. Conformance to the requirements in the Application Guide is required and strictly enforced. Applications that are out of compliance with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
For information on Application Submission and Receipt, visit Frequently Asked Questions – Application Guide, Electronic Submission of Grant Applications.
Although a letter of intent is not required, is not binding, and does not enter into the review of a subsequent application, the information that it contains allows IC staff to estimate the potential review workload and plan the review.
By the date listed in Part 1. Overview Information, prospective applicants are asked to submit a letter of intent that includes the following information:
The letter of intent should be sent to: email@example.com
Applicants are encouraged to send the letter of intent by email to the email address above but as an alternative the letter may also be sent to:
Director - DA-13-004
Office of Extramural Affairs
National Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH/DHHS
6001 Executive Boulevard, Suite 4243, MSC 9550
Bethesda, MD 20892-9550
The forms package associated with this FOA includes all applicable components, mandatory and optional. Please note that some components marked optional in the application package are required for submission of applications for this FOA. Follow all instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide to ensure you complete all appropriate "optional" components.
All page limitations described in the SF424 Application Guide and the Table of Page Limits must be followed.
All instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide must be followed, with the following additional instructions:
Resource Sharing Plan
Individuals are required to comply with the instructions for the Resource Sharing Plans (Data Sharing Plan, Sharing Model Organisms, and Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS)) as provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
Do not use the Appendix to circumvent page limits. Follow all instructions for the Appendix as described in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
Foreign (non-US) institutions must follow policies described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, and procedures for foreign institutions described throughout the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
Part I. Overview Information contains information about Key Dates. Applicants are encouraged to submit in advance of the deadline to ensure they have time to make any application corrections that might be necessary for successful submission.
Organizations must submit applications via Grants.gov, the online portal to find and apply for grants across all Federal agencies. Applicants must then complete the submission process by tracking the status of the application in the eRA Commons, NIH's electronic system for grants administration.
Applicants are responsible for viewing their application in the eRA Commons to ensure accurate and successful submission.
Information on the submission process and a definition of on-time submission are provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
This initiative is not subject to intergovernmental review.
All NIH awards are subject to the terms and conditions, cost principles, and other considerations described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Pre-award costs are allowable only as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Applications must be submitted electronically following the instructions described in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide. Paper applications will not be accepted.
Applicants must complete all required registrations before the application due date. Section III. Eligibility Information contains information about registration.
For assistance with your electronic application or for more information on the electronic submission process, visit Applying Electronically.
All PD(s)/PI(s) must include their eRA Commons ID in the Credential field of the Senior/Key Person Profile Component of the SF 424(R&R) Application Package. Failure to register in the Commons and to include a valid PD/PI Commons ID in the credential field will prevent the successful submission of an electronic application to NIH.
The applicant organization must ensure that the DUNS number it provides on the application is the same number used in the organization's profile in the eRA Commons and for the Central Contractor Registration (CCR). Additional information may be found in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.
See more tips for avoiding common errors.
Upon receipt, applications will be evaluated for completeness by the Center for Scientific Review and responsiveness by components of participating organizations, NIH. Applications that are incomplete and/or nonresponsive will not be reviewed.
Applicants are required to follow the instructions for post-submission materials, as described in NOT-OD-10-115.
Only the review criteria described below will be considered in the review process. As part of the NIH mission, all applications submitted to the NIH in support of biomedical and behavioral research are evaluated for scientific and technical merit through the NIH peer review system.
Reviewers will provide an overall impact/priority score to reflect their assessment of the likelihood for the project to exert a sustained, powerful influence on the research field(s) involved, in consideration of the following review criteria and additional review criteria (as applicable for the project proposed).
Reviewers will consider each of the review criteria below in the determination of scientific merit, and give a separate score for each. An application does not need to be strong in all categories to be judged likely to have major scientific impact. For example, a project that by its nature is not innovative may be essential to advance a field.
Does the project address an important problem or a critical barrier to progress in the field? If the aims of the project are achieved, how will scientific knowledge, technical capability, and/or clinical practice be improved? How will successful completion of the aims change the concepts, methods, technologies, treatments, services, or preventative interventions that drive this field?
Are the PD(s)/PI(s), collaborators, and other researchers well suited to the project? If Early Stage Investigators or New Investigators, or in the early stages of independent careers, do they have appropriate experience and training? If established, have they demonstrated an ongoing record of accomplishments that have advanced their field(s)? If the project is collaborative or multi-PD(s)/PI(s), do the investigators have complementary and integrated expertise; are their leadership approach, governance and organizational structure appropriate for the project?
Does the application challenge and seek to shift current research or clinical practice paradigms by utilizing novel theoretical concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions? Are the concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions novel to one field of research or novel in a broad sense? Is a refinement, improvement, or new application of theoretical concepts, approaches or methodologies, instrumentation, or interventions proposed?
Are the overall strategy, methodology, and analyses
well-reasoned and appropriate to accomplish the specific aims of the project?
Are potential problems, alternative strategies, and benchmarks for success
presented? If the project is in the early stages of development, will the
strategy establish feasibility and will particularly risky aspects be managed? Is the proposed decision-tree with go/no-go criteria for compound selection/advancement
scientifically sound and technically feasible for achieving the goal of this
project? Is the proposed pathway for further development of the lead candidate
compound appropriate? Are the final selected candidate compounds patentable?
If the project involves clinical research, are the plans for 1) protection of human subjects from research risks, and 2) inclusion of minorities and members of both sexes/genders, as well as the inclusion of children, justified in terms of the scientific goals and research strategy proposed?
Will the scientific environment in which the work will be done contribute to the probability of success? Are the institutional support, equipment and other physical resources available to the investigators adequate for the project proposed? Will the project benefit from unique features of the scientific environment, subject populations, or collaborative arrangements?
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will evaluate the following additional items while determining scientific and technical merit, and in providing an overall impact/priority score, but will not give separate scores for these items.
Protections for Human Subjects
For research that involves human subjects but does
not involve one of the six categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR
Part 46, the committee will evaluate the justification for involvement of human
subjects and the proposed protections from research risk relating to their participation
according to the following five review criteria: 1) risk to subjects, 2)
adequacy of protection against risks, 3) potential benefits to the subjects and
others, 4) importance of the knowledge to be gained, and 5) data and safety
monitoring for clinical trials.
For research that involves human subjects and meets the criteria for one or more of the six categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR Part 46, the committee will evaluate: 1) the justification for the exemption, 2) human subjects involvement and characteristics, and 3) sources of materials. For additional information on review of the Human Subjects section, please refer to the Human Subjects Protection and Inclusion Guidelines.
Inclusion of Women, Minorities, and Children
When the proposed project involves clinical research, the committee will evaluate the proposed plans for inclusion of minorities and members of both genders, as well as the inclusion of children. For additional information on review of the Inclusion section, please refer to the Human Subjects Protection and Inclusion Guidelines.
Vertebrate Animals
The committee will evaluate the involvement of live vertebrate animals as part of the scientific assessment according to the following five points: 1) proposed use of the animals, and species, strains, ages, sex, and numbers to be used; 2) justifications for the use of animals and for the appropriateness of the species and numbers proposed; 3) adequacy of veterinary care; 4) procedures for limiting discomfort, distress, pain and injury to that which is unavoidable in the conduct of scientifically sound research including the use of analgesic, anesthetic, and tranquilizing drugs and/or comfortable restraining devices; and 5) methods of euthanasia and reason for selection if not consistent with the AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia. For additional information on review of the Vertebrate Animals section, please refer to the Worksheet for Review of the Vertebrate Animal Section.
Reviewers will assess whether materials or procedures proposed are potentially hazardous to research personnel and/or the environment, and if needed, determine whether adequate protection is proposed.
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will consider each of the following items, but will not give scores for these items, and should not consider them in providing an overall impact/priority score.
Applications from Foreign Organizations
Reviewers will assess whether the project presents special opportunities for furthering research programs through the use of unusual talent, resources, populations, or environmental conditions that exist in other countries and either are not readily available in the United States or augment existing U.S. resources.
Select Agent Research
Reviewers will assess the information provided in this section of the application, including 1) the Select Agent(s) to be used in the proposed research, 2) the registration status of all entities where Select Agent(s) will be used, 3) the procedures that will be used to monitor possession use and transfer of Select Agent(s), and 4) plans for appropriate biosafety, biocontainment, and security of the Select Agent(s).
Resource Sharing Plans
Reviewers will comment on whether the following Resource Sharing Plans, or the rationale for not sharing the following types of resources, are reasonable: 1) Data Sharing Plan; 2) Sharing Model Organisms; and 3) Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS).
Budget and Period of Support
Reviewers will consider whether the budget and the requested period of support are fully justified and reasonable in relation to the proposed research.
Applications will be evaluated for scientific and technical merit by (an) appropriate Scientific Review Group(s) convened by the NIDA, in accordance with NIH peer review policy and procedures, using the stated review criteria. Review assignments will be shown in the eRA Commons.
As part of the scientific peer review, all applications:
Appeals of initial peer review will not be accepted for applications submitted in response to this FOA.
Applications will be assigned to the appropriate NIH Institute or Center. Applications will compete for available funds with all other recommended applications submitted in response to this FOA. Following initial peer review, recommended applications will receive a second level of review by the National Institute on Drug Abuse Advisory Council. The following will be considered in making funding decisions:
After the peer review of the application is completed, the PD(s)/PI(s) will be able to access his or her Summary Statement (written critique) via the eRA Commons.
Information regarding the disposition of applications is available in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
If the application is under consideration for funding, NIH
will request "just-in-time" information from the applicant as
described in the NIH Grants
Policy Statement.
A formal notification in the form of a Notice of Award (NoA) will be provided to the applicant organization for successful applications. The NoA signed by the grants management officer is the authorizing document and will be sent via email to the grantee's business official.
Awardees must comply with any funding restrictions described in Section IV.5. Funding Restrictions. Selection of an application for award is not an authorization to begin performance. Any costs incurred before receipt of the NoA are at the recipient's risk. These costs may be reimbursed only to the extent considered allowable pre-award costs.
Any application awarded in response to this FOA will be subject to the DUNS, CCR Registration, and Transparency Act requirements as noted on the Award Conditions and Information for NIH Grants website.
All NIH grant and cooperative agreement awards include the NIH Grants Policy Statement as part of the NoA. For these terms of award, see the NIH Grants Policy Statement Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart A: General and Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart B: Terms and Conditions for Specific Types of Grants, Grantees, and Activities. More information is provided at Award Conditions and Information for NIH Grants.
Cooperative Agreement Terms and Conditions of Award
Not Applicable.
When multiple years are involved, awardees will be required to submit the Non-Competing Continuation Grant Progress Report (PHS 2590) annually and financial statements as required in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
A final progress report, invention statement, and the expenditure data portion of the Federal Financial Report are required for closeout of an award, as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
The Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (Transparency Act), includes a requirement for awardees of Federal grants to report information about first-tier subawards and executive compensation under Federal assistance awards issued in FY2011 or later. All awardees of applicable NIH grants and cooperative agreements are required to report to the Federal Subaward Reporting System (FSRS) available at www.fsrs.gov on all subawards over $25,000. See the NIH Grants Policy Statement for additional information on this reporting requirement.
We encourage inquiries concerning this funding opportunity and welcome the opportunity to answer questions from potential applicants.
Customer Support (Questions regarding Grants.gov registration and
submission, downloading or navigating forms)
Contact Center Phone: 800-518-4726
Email: email@example.com
GrantsInfo (Questions regarding application instructions and
process, finding NIH grant resources)
Telephone 301-710-0267
Email: email@example.com
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registration, tracking application status, post submission issues)
Phone: 301-402-7469 or 866-504-9552 (Toll Free)
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Ming L. Shih, Ph.D.
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
6001 Executive Blvd.
Rm 4207, MSC 9551
Bethesda, MD 20892-9551
Telephone: 301-443-8422
Fax: 301-443-2599
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Mark Swieter, Ph.D.
Office of Extramural Affairs
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Telephone: 301-435-1389
Email: email@example.com
Diana Haikalis
Grants Management Branch
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Telephone: 301-435-1373
Email: email@example.com
Recently issued trans-NIH policy notices may affect your application submission. A full list of policy notices published by NIH is provided in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. All awards are subject to the terms and conditions, cost principles, and other considerations described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Awards are made under the authorization of Sections 301 and 405 of the Public Health Service Act as amended (42 USC 241 and 284) and under Federal Regulations 42 CFR Part 52 and 45 CFR Parts 74 and 92.
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Flawless…but is she forgiven?
Claire Danes earlier this week at Letterman to promote her new movie Evening and she does look amazing, doesn't she? Karma Face appears to have receded replaced by a new glow and a freshness never seen during her time with that cheating prick Billy Crudup.
This is what happens when you're in love with a 'Mo, see? He might not feel the same way back, but he'll never ever let you out looking less than perfect.
Claire Danes in love with a Maybe Gaybe and primed for heartbreak. As such….is forgiveness forthcoming?