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App Review: G-Map U.S. West by X-Road Co.
by Rob on
July 8, 2009
Filed under Daily App Reviews, Navigation, Staff Favorites, Utility
When Apple unleashed iPhone OS 3.0 upon the world, they opened the doors for a genre of applications that people have been longing for – turn-by-turn GPS navigation with voice guidance. The up-and-coming TomTom for iPhone GPS application was even featured during Apple's WWDC keynote address [not yet available], a stark indication that GPS navigation was imminent. Since the launch of the new operating system, we've seen announcements from several navigation companies. Even AT&T jumped in the game with their own turn-by-turn GPS application [iTunes].
Many of these GPS app developers have chosen a pricing model based on a monthly subscription. For example, AT&T's navigator app is free, but you'll have to pay for it every month. AT&T will add $9.99 per month onto your cell phone bill. Other developers like Sygic, and their Mobile Maps America North [iTunes], are charging a steep $79.99 for their app. Given that map updates are not cheap, and that you would typically pay $100.00+ for such updates on a dedicated GPS unit, it's no wonder that these apps are a touch expensive. Enter G-Map by X-Road. G-Map has been available in the App Store for some time now, and while turn-by-turn navigation wasn't officially possible until iPhone OS 3.0, G-Map had a version that came really close to it. Since its release, G-Map has been updated multiple times. Their last iteration, version 1.3.1, now offers what you know you already want at a very modest price.
I was provided a beta version of G-Map US West about a week or so ago and started using it right away. Everywhere I went I fired up the app, put in my destination address, and touched the "Go" button. Within seconds, the app would start speaking to me, giving me step by step directions to my destination. I really only found one problem with the app. Occasionally, the app would put my location on a frontage road and start giving me directions from that point when in actuality, I was on the highway. However, I found that if I waited for about 1/4 of a mile, the app would correct itself and put my location in the proper place. When I reported this problem to X-Road, they promptly provided me with the latest update. With this update in place, the problem still exists, but to a lesser extent. G-Map seems to get my location correct much more often now.
Once you launch the app, you are met with a nag-screen reminding you not to use the app while driving a car. So, being the obedient driver that I am (not), I turned my phone over to my wife. We were both a little confused at first on how you enter an address. You start with the city, then the road, and work your way down to a specific house number. This approach seemed a little backwards at first. However, now that I'm used to it, it actually works quite well. Since I'm almost always going somewhere in the same city, that part stays selected. I just have to choose a street, enter the house number, and touch "Go."
Searching by address is not the only way to enter a destination, though. There are many ways to find your destination. You can also find destinations by Zip Code, City Name, GPS Coordinates (lat, long), Emergency (like nearby hospitals), Point of Interest (POI) – which includes things like fuel, parking, food, lodging, banks, etc. and more. I found that the one method for identifying a destination that was lacking might be the ability to touch on a map and say, 'take me there.' Update: We received clarification from X-Road that G-Map does indeed have the ability to find a destination via a map. Using the Map view, scroll to your destination, double tap the map and you should get an address, then touch "Go." While this wasn't clear at first, I've tried it and it does work. Whatever your destination, G-Map will find it and plot your route on the map.
Now that you have your destination entered, things start to get interesting. Once you touch the "Go" button, you are presented with a map view of your route. There are three different map views to choose from. The first view is looking straight down on the map (a la google maps type of view). Second is a 3D view where the map is tilted and you can see the horizon. This view is my personal favorite. The third view is a higher up view that gives you more of your route on the screen. However, it lacks the detail on turns and such that the other two views provide. This view is good for getting a look at the bigger picture, though. The rest of this review will assume you are in 3D mode since we found that view the most useful and pleasing to the eye. On the map view there are a few key pieces of information, in addition to your route, displayed on the map. These pieces of information include: the name of the street you are currently on, the name of the street that you will turn on prominently displayed at the top of the screen, and an indicator in the corner of the screen that shows your next change of direction and the distance to that change. So, for example, if you have a right-hand turn coming up in 0.5 miles, there will be a small image of a right-hand turn in the box, and below the picture it will say 0.5mi. This feature is very handy in anticipating what actions you need to take as a driver to stay on course.
Also on the map (route) view there is a preview button. The preview allows you to walk through your trip before you actually make the trip. When you touch the preview button, the app will "play" through the route that it plotted to your destination following all the voice commands and turns that you would have if you actually drove it. This preview can be handy in navigating a strange city or if you want to get a sense or feel for what lies ahead [We've got a video of this pending. Once our MacBook comes back from being serviced, we'll post it on YouTube].
G-Map U.S. West has many more options and features. It allows you to do things like choosing between the fastest route or the shortest route distance wise, and telling the app to avoid things such as toll roads, highways or carpool lanes. There are even night and daytime map views (see pics) that you can configure in the setup. In the setup, you can also adjust things like the map colors, what points of interest you'd like to see on the map (ie: removing the ones you don't want to see), and changing the units used to measure distance between miles and kilometers.
This review wouldn't be complete without mentioning the voice guidance feature of G-Map. Providing you remember to turn off your mute button and turn up the volume, the voice guidance of the app is actually superbly done. The voice is female, not too "robotic" sounding, and pleasing to listen to. The timing of the voice prompts are great as well. They give you appropriate warnings at 2 miles, 1 mile, 0.5 miles, 0.2 miles and imminent action intervals. So, for example, you will get a warning such as: "In two miles turn right." Then once you get down to the actual turn, there is sort of a ping sound, and the voice will say "turn right."
I've been using the app now for about a week. I am getting pretty comfortable with its limits and capabilities. I'll have to admit, with it's low entry price of $34.99 (far below all the competitors), I wasn't sure what to expect. But, the app is very well done and very polished. Aside from the one glitch I mentioned above [See correction above], the app performed flawlessly here in the Salt Lake City area. While I have not yet spent time with some of the other navigation GPS apps currently offered, I can say that G-Map is an easy recommendation. I am not aware of any other app that can offer the same features at a similar price.
- Great entry price point for a voice assisted navigation app on the iPhone.
- Clear and easy to understand voice directions.
- Easy user interface.
- Great map views.
- Does not require a data connection to get maps. It will get you to the Grand Canyon even if there's no cell coverage.
- 824mb download. So it requires a lot of space on your device.
- A couple of glitches here and there on GPS location.
- No real time traffic.
G-Map Tips: When entering the address for your destination you will find that the app gives a list of addresses after you enter the street name. If the address you're looking for isn't in the list, you can simply type the house number and G-Map will use that instead. If you're alone in the car, set your destination prior to setting out for your destination (as with any navigation app). Get a dashboard or windshield holder for your phone so that it's easy to glance at, rather than constantly holding or fumbling for it.
G-Map comes in multiple versions, depending on your location. You will want to download the one best suited to your area of the country:
Developer's Website: http://www.xroadgps.com/Maps/GMapforiPhone/tabid/2463/Default.aspx


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text:
SKF SRCM helps reduce equivalent forced outages by 30% across fleet of plants
The challengeFollowing several years of cost-cutting measures, a utility was experiencing reliability and performance issues fleet-wide, across 27 coal- and gas-fuelled operating units at 15 power plants. To help decrease equipment failures and better focus its maintenance resources, the utility looked to SKF for help.
The SKF solutionUsing the SRCM process, SKF worked closely with the utility to design a proactive maintenance program for all key plant systems. After studying the systems over a 30-month period, SKF developed a planned maintenance program that:
- Focused maintenance on critical equipment and dominant failure mode
- Emphasized condition-based tasks
- Eliminated unnecessary routine and outage tasks
- Reduced maintenance costs
- Improved availability and reliability
The resultsThe SRCM process was a success, with the utility ultimately reporting a:
- 30% reduction in equivalent forced outage rate (EFOR)
- 7% increase in peak-period reliability
- 30% - 40% reduction in high-priority corrective work


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Not too long ago, whenever I was confronted with the expression, -x, and I was in a position where I needed to communicate it to someone verbally, I would say, "negative x", as opposed to "minus x", probably because "negative x" sounded more professional to me. This went on until a professor pointed out to me some of the problems with this usage of the word negative.
After all, whatever the object "negative x" is, it should at the very least be negative, right? However, objects written down as $-x$ (or $-g$ or whatever) are usually elements of a vector space or an abelian group, where there is usually no concept of negative element. Even when $x$ is a real number where the concept of negative element exists, the terminology is still bad (in fact it is probably worse, since in the case where $x$ is a negative number, "negative x" is not negative, but positive!).
I suspect that people regard the expression "negative x" as somehow emphasizing the fact that $-x$ is the additive inverse of $x$. This has other harmful effects. Just last year, acting under these pernicious influences, I caught myself telling linear algebra students about the "existence and uniqueness of negatives in a vector space"!
On the other hand the alternative, "minus x", is a straightfoward and unambiguous verbal description of the written form of the expression.
One might argue that this is a trivial issue which is hardly worth the effort of discussion, but mathematicians prize clarity, and if one alternative is clearly better than the other, why not stick to it? Another reason for using better terminology is that even though the underlying issues are trivial to us, they may not be clear to others. I distinctly recall being frustrated to tears at one point as a child, trying to understand how to add integers, and the phrase "negative one", etc. very well may have been a serious source of confusion. At the very least this discussion may be helpful for teaching mathematics to five year olds.
The expression "negative x" is not some fictitious straw man of my own construction. To the contrary, in my experience, it is the dominant verbal alternative. This turn of phrase even turns up in mathematical writing when authors decide not to assign a symbol to the mathematical object they are discussing. For example: "The 1-form is the negative of the differential of the function". It seems to me that the case for "minus x" is very strong, but I have nevertheless had a lot of difficulty winning people over to the "minus" side of the debate. Some argue that saying "negative x" is logical because it describes the process of obtaining -x from x by mutliplying x by -1, which is a negative number. However this strikes me as a convoluted way of constructing terminology, and the argument does nothing to address the potential for confusion.
I'll admit, there may be some arguments for "negative x" or against "minus x" which I haven't considered.
So what do you think?
"negative x" or "minus x"?


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Holland goalkeeper Tim Krul is ecstatic to be in the semi-finals of the World Cup after his dramatic introduction to the tournament.
The Newcastle player came on late in extra time and produced two saves in a penalty shoot-out against Costa Rica after a goalless draw over 120 minutes in Saturday's quarter-final in Salvador.
"Tonight I have realised a dream," Krul told www.telegraaf.nl. "What I've experienced is an incredible emotion.
"(Holland coach Louis) van Gaal had warned me. It was something prepared and I knew that I would have this chance."
Words can't describe how proud I am to be part of this team and this fantastic journey.. #WorldCup2014 #Last4 pic.twitter.com/63pWNTtVhf— Tim Krul (@TimKrul) July 6, 2014
Van Gaal promised Cillessen - who, unlike Krul, was not told of the planned change for the shoot-out - that he remains his first choice for the semi-final.
"There is no question about who will start next game, it will be Cillessen," he said. "But we felt Krul was the better choice here.
"We told Krul that he would be a possibility for the penalties, but we didn't tell Cillessen, as we didn't want to ruin his preparation."
Haagse held Tim Krul in Legoland https://t.co/1jZ1PpVPOh [via @JeroenElshoff]"— Rooie Reporter (@rooiereporter) July 6, 2014
The Oranje had numerous chances to win the game without the need for spot-kicks but were denied by the woodwork three times as well as by an inspired display from Costa Rica keeper Keylor Navas.
"It was that kind of night when the ball did not want to go in," midfielder Wesley Sneijder added. "But despite all of our hard work we still went into the penalty shoot-out sharp.
"There was only one team that deserved to go to the semi-finals and it was us. If you work hard you go very far."
Holland, runners-up four years ago in South Africa, take on Argentina in the last four on Wednesday in Sao Paulo.
"Now we have to think of Argentina," Krul said. "It will be a very difficult game."
Navas lamented his team's elimination from the World Cup but believes they have done their nation proud.
Los Ticos had never reached the quarter-final stages of the competition and had gone unbeaten in Brazil before losing 4-3 on penalties in Salvador.
"We lost everything in a penalty shoot-out and we go home sad but with our heads held high," Navas said to Costa Rica newspaper CRhoy.com. "It's hard but this is life."
Bryan Ruiz and Michael Umana saw their spot-kicks saved by Krul while the Dutch converted all of their attempts.
"We cannot blame anyone because to be there at that time is not easy," Navas said. "Our rivals did their job in the penalty shoot -out and we didn't."
Navas was named as FIFA's man of the match for the third time in this tournament after the Levante goalkeeper again came up with a string of good saves to keep his side in the game.
"One just tries to help, to do a good job," the 27-year-old said. "I thank God.
"I always try to make sure that no ball goes in and the posts certainly helped us. Fortunately, Holland didn't score throughout the game."
Costa Rica coach Jorge Luis Pinto praised his players.
"We are not a world football power but we have done very important things here," Pinto said. "When it comes to penalties, you have to understand the player, the pressure and the circumstances they are in.
"We did a great job."
Pinto, whose side surprisingly finished ahead of Uruguay, Italy and England in the group stages to progress to the knock-out rounds, admitted the Dutch were the better side.
"We were lucky throughout the game," Pinto said. "Navas was brilliant and spectacular.
"We go home proud of what we have done and I want to express my gratitude to the Brazilian people."


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(8) For purposes of subsection (a) and this subsection, the term "income" means any periodic form of payment due to an individual, regardless of source, including wages, salaries, commissions, bonuses, worker's compensation, disability, payments pursuant to a pension or retirement program, and interest.
42 USC § 666(b)(8)
Scoping language
None identified. Default scope is assumed to be the entire title.
Is this correct?


text: Cosmos travellers know travel. And they know what's important once they reach their destination – the sights, the scenes, the locals and the legends. So we get them exactly where they want to be, from the City of Brotherly Love to the City of Light; from the Great White North to Northern Africa and from amazing South America to stunning Switzerland, no other travel company matches our expertise, on-trip experiences – with a great mix of included excursions and free time – and value. In fact, with Cosmos, travellers enjoy a savings of up to 40 percent compared to booking a vacation on their own. With the unparalleled value we offer – including our "Tours Under $1,000" series – Cosmos travelers can indulge in their wanderlust more often.


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SEMANTIC WEB for the WORKING ONTOLOGIST cuts through the hype around the Semantic Web, providing a simple, feasible, coherent story of a technology that provides real business value today. Authors Allemang and Hendler describe how the Semantic Web builds on the same principles that powered the success of Wikipedia, and of the World Wide Web itself.
2012 September. For those of you who read Greek, Working Ontologist is avaiable in your language! Many thanks to Dr. Konstantinos Kotis of the VTT Technical Center in Tampere, Finland for spearheading the project.
2011 August. Someone asked for an archive of all the example files - it is finally avaialble here. I'm tracking down all the examples for the second edition (it's out now!) so those will be here, too. The chapter numbers have changed, so we'll have to re-organize the site.
2011 March. Second Edition manuscript off to Elsevier, and we've seen the proofs of the first few chapters. The new format looks great. It is a lot easier to see the structure of the book. I've caught errors in this proof that were in the first edition, but nobody caught them (including us, during the update to second edition!). I think quality control is going to be easier in this edition.
2010 August. We have started work on a Second Edition. We are of course way behind on the writing, but we know some of the topics we'll cover: SPARQL, SKOS 2, OWL 2.
2009 March. Okay, I am a bit behind the times. Panlibus magazine has a review of Working Ontologist. Check out page 19.
2009 Feb 27. I have received a number of emails showing interest in a Russian edition of Working Ontologist. Thanks to everyone who has sent me letters of support - Morgan-Kaufmann is exploring possibilities with a Russian publisher to produce a translation. We'll keep our fingers crossed! Of course, anyone who knows the publishing industry knows that such a project typically takes a year to a year and a half before the book is actually available. So do keep your fingers crossed, but don't hold your breath!
2009 Feb. Fig 5.1 now listed on the Errata page.
2009 Jan. The Korean edition is available online from a number of booksellers - the cheapest seems to be Naver.
2009 Jan. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist is scheduled to go into second printing! Thanks to everyone who submitted errata here and in email. We're going through all the errors, collating them for the second printing. Thanks for helping us improve the book!
2008 Nov 18 Scitech Books, Korea, with cooperation from TopQuadrant Korea, announces the upcoming publication of the Korean translation of SEMANTIC WEB for the WORKING ONTOLOGIST. This publication addresses the growing market in Asia in general, and Korea in particular, for Semantic Web applications and technology. Expected release date is Dec 15, 2008.


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BBC News
- Immigration: No visas for low-skilled workers, government says
- Harry and Meghan's royal duties ending 31 March
- Coronavirus: Foreign Office tells Britons to stay on cruise ship
- Storm Dennis: More heavy rain falls amid flood defence fears
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- Caroline Flack's unpublished Instagram post released by family
- Green MP Caroline Lucas investigated over Commons tour fundraiser
- Wetherspoons boss travels 200 miles in carpet row
- Jimmy Tarbuck: Comedian reveals prostate cancer diagnosis
- BT account scammers jailed for £358k fraud
- Man, 102, fights off intruder at family home in Lincoln
- 'Vegans need their own shelf in the office fridge'
- The Brits mark turning 40 by refusing to look back
- Back To The Future is being rebooted - on stage, not on screen
- Caroline Flack death: Will people now 'be kind' in the media and online?
- 'My horse knew I had brain cancer before I did'
- Baby photos: Should Bounty be allowed to snap newborns?
- Football gambling links 'gone too far', ex-FA boss says
- Steve Coogan: We ignore the imbalance between rich and poor
- UK soldier deaths: Families ask why the Army let their sons down
- Brexit: Views on the government's immigration plans
- Brits 2020: Pop meets politics
- How overseas stag parties are hurting the environment
- Coronavirus cruise couple 'getting messed about'
- Patient plays violin during her brain surgery
- Newspaper headlines: Immigration plan 'backlash' and flooding crisis
- UK immigration plans 'devastating' for Scotland, says Sturgeon
- Julian Smith: Boris Johnson approved Stormont agreement
- Storm Dennis: Weather warning forecasts more rain in Wales
- Katrina O'Hara murder: Coroner recommends phone access changes
Local Pubs in TYRINGHAM:
BeerInTheEvening.com search for pubs in TYRINGHAM
TheGoodPubGuide.co.uk search for pubs in TYRINGHAM


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"You get used to being miserable," Tim Adams says with a shrug. "It's a gradual thing- after days of being uncomfortable, you adapt. It becomes a normal routine to carry wads of Kleenex wherever you go."
For most of his 44 years, the Silverado resident - along with millions of Americans - suffered from sinusitis. The persistent stuffiness, headaches, frequent colds and respiratory infections and as Adams puts it, "the constant hassle with your nose" lead sufferers to spend upwards of $200 million each year on drugs - many of them ineffective - to treat sinusitis. The trouble with over-the-counter drugs (and many prescriptions, as well) is that they don't treat the whole problem. "Everybody gets sinusitis," says Robert del Junco, M.D., an ear, nose and throat specialist and medical director of St. Joseph Hospital's Nasal and Sinus Center.
Sinusitis is Tricky
It's getting rid of it that's tricky. Sinusitis may have any number of causes and many possible complications, Dr. del Junco explains. It may be an occasional complication of a cold or a chronic condition associated with allergy of structural defect in the nose. Often, sinusitis results from the cumulative effects of environment (air pollution, industrial fumes), colds, flu and allergies. Over the years, such irritants (as well as the nasal sprays and decongestants used to treat them) lead to chronic inflammation and blockage of the sinus openings. In Adams' case, they also led to development of polyps in the nose, which caused further obstruction. He scarcely remembered what it was like to breathe easily, naturally.
Treating the Problem
"I had bad allergies as a kid," Adams remembers. "I couldn't go to school when certain bushes were blooming. Then I went to work in construction, which is a dusty environment. I also used to smoke heavily, but quit seven years ago. "I was always a little stuffed up, always getting sore throats and ear infections. I was sick a lot and constantly blowing my nose." When Tim came to see me, he had a long history of nasal, sinus and ear infections," Dr. del Junco recalls. "He had developed nasal polyps, which are very common following years of allergies and treatment with nasal sprays. "We began treating the problem with antibiotics and antihistamines. But the polyps were getting bigger and eventually the medications did not work as well. He wasn't getting better, so surgery became necessary." Adams had undergone surgeries before, on his knee and hand. He was a bit apprehensive. He was reassured to learn the technology is making nasal surgery safer, faster, less painful. At the Nasal and Sinus Center, Dr. del Junco used a nasal endoscope to provide a telescopic view of the nasal cavity. Polyps in the nose were clearly visible, as well as the blocked sinuses. With a unique computerized digital imaging system, he also was able to create a photographic record that remains a part of Adams' medical file.
Computer Imaging
With the computer images, Dr. del Junco says, " I can study the case, evaluate healing, see new growths, and formulate a treatment plan based on the sequence of photographic references." What's more, Adams himself was able to see the effects of surgery and evidence of healing in the computer record Not that he needed the technical confirmation - his nose told him that the surgery was a success. Now, he says, "I feel great. I hike three miles up the canyon every morning, and nothing bothers me. By breathing clearly, you smell things better, you feel much healthier."
Breathing Free
Though Adams has outgrown his childhood allergies, he acknowledges there is no guarantee the polyps won't grow back. He is faithful to the nasal hygiene routine Dr. del Junco recommended - it includes medication to keep the condition of his sinuses stable - "roundup for the nose," he calls it And he is careful about diet and exercise. Now that he's breathing free, he says, "I want to do everything I can to feel good, to have a healthy body."


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Across Vermont and northern New York, The UVM Health Network is making sure that access to advanced heart care is never far from home.
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Learn tips to stay healthy during this flu season.
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Washington Post: Vermont's Unique Reform Plan Could Be Model for Other States.


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Meet the Deans: Mitchell Lipton
POSTED ON: December 19, 2012
More than anyone else at The Cooper Union, Mitchell Lipton, Dean of Admissions and Records and Registrar, sits at the axis of three schools, the faculty of the humanities and social sciences, and the administration. Attuned to every nuanced shift in this fine web, Dean Lipton and his office maintain the threads connecting the anchors of the institution. That's not easy to do when faced with likely but unknown changes to each of the school's offerings and potentially the way students pay for their education at Cooper. In this fifth installment of the Meet the Deans series, Mitchell Lipton talks about what plans he can make while not yet knowing what the future brings and what he would do with a magic wand.
Born and raised in Suffolk County, Long Island, Mitchell Lipton, 40, grew up as the son of two public school educators. His mother taught elementary school for forty years while his father spent most of his career as a high school guidance counselor. With the importance of education drilled into him, Lipton made it his life's focus. He lives with his wife, Dana and two sons Noah, 9, and Max, 7, in northern Westchester where he takes full advantage of the mountainous hiking and biking trails.
How did you end up focusing on higher education administration?
First I worked for a year and half as a substitute teacher at an elementary school in Jamaica, Queens where my mother was employed. I enjoyed working with the kids. I felt satisfied at the end of the day. You felt like you may have helped to change the life of a young person, especially boys who maybe didn't have a male role model at home. There aren't a lot of men in the field of elementary education. But to be frank, I had a hard time not having adult conversations during the day. [laughs] It takes a certain mind set to be able to work with that age group day in and day out. As I saw education as a vehicle for providing opportunities that could open doors for students of all backgrounds I wanted to stay in the field yet work with older students. I thought that the college setting would be an excellent place to settle in.
How did you start working at Cooper Union?
In 1997 I was working at NYU in the residence life department, specifically the 3rd Ave. North dorm, just a few blocks north of the Cooper dorm. At the time I had a few RAs who I supervised that had worked in the field of college recruitment. One in particular worked at Ernst & Young visiting college campuses working to encourage graduating seniors to consider Ernst & Young as a place of employment. I was intrigued by that idea, believing in the mission of an organization, representing it and subsequently talking to college students about whether there was a good match. One of my friends who recruited for Ernst & Young said, "Also consider college admissions, you have the skills to be successful in the field. You will get paid a lot less but have a much better lifestyle." At that point, I spoke to a Director of Admissions at NYU who told me she knew of an opening at Cooper. She sent along my resume and I soon began as an entry-level admissions representative and ultimately worked my way up.
Your title seems awfully long. Is it unusual to have one person at a school in charge of admissions and registrar and records?
Yes. Most of my colleagues are either Deans of Admissions or Deans of Records and/or Registrars . Typically one is in charge of both registration and record keeping. And then admissions is a totally different animal. Most of my friends are on the admissions side because they tend to be more fun [laughs]. Just kidding, my Registrar friends! I shouldn't knock the registrars but when I first got into the business of enrollment management you would tend to see more admissions folks at conferences. My title was inherited from the two previous deans that held this position and wore both hats, so to speak. That actually has it's benefits since I first see a student in high school, admit them, then work with them after they enroll. This makes my position very gratifying.
Can you explain your duties as Dean of Admissions?
On the admissions side it is similar to what you may find at other schools. We look at enrollment data to help determine where we will recruit each year. What makes admissions different at Cooper from a typical undergraduate institution is that the faculty are very involved in the admissions process. It is almost like a graduate school in that regard. Faculty play a much larger role not just in advisement but also trying to figure out what kinds of students will be most successful in our programs. I think a lot of my colleagues working in undergraduate admissions, to the extent that they use faculty at all, will not use them as heavily in the admissions process. Maybe they help out at recruitment events but not as much with selection.
And what do you do as Dean of Records and Registrar?
The records side of it is providing procedural-type of formal documents. For example if a student or alum needs a transcript or a letter verifying they are enrolled. The registration side of it involves completing over a hundred surveys annually, maintaining an inventory of courses, working with faculty and the deans to ensure that grades are submitted and verified, that there is a process in place for registering for classes, and that all students ultimately fulfill their degree requirements.
Is it easy to recruit for Cooper Union?
It depends on how you define "easy". Generally it is easy to recruit for Cooper Union and find plenty of students who are interested in applying. We tend not to have the same stresses that other deans of admissions experience. I have friends that recruit for schools that are almost 100% tuition-driven. They are often not nearly as selective as we are. They may accept three quarters or more of their applicants in order to meet costs. Having enough students accept their offer of admission keeps them up at night. My concerns are different. Because Cooper recruits at the ivy-league level of highly selective schools, competing for those top students is what keeps me up at night. For me the problem is less about filling a class but more about losing a sought-after student to M.I.T, or Princeton, or Columbia.
What has been the biggest change in the way you recruit now than when you started?
Most of the contact is now done through the Internet. We have an active Facebook page and a twitter account. Questions typically come in online through email or through Facebook posts. 97 to 98 percent of the kids submit their application online. Very few submit a paper application.
Does Cooper recruit internationally?
There is no formal recruitment internationally, as far as visiting schools abroad. Our recruitment is more indirect. Clearly we have word of mouth, but we also use the Internet to communicate. Because of our tuition scholarship we are highly sought after by international students. We are one of the few schools that offer such a generous package to international students. That is one cohort that we are head and shoulders over our peer institutions. We are much more generous to international students. Many schools, including the wealthiest with the largest endowments, do not provide much financial aid to international students. And most international students are ineligible for government aid. So if I am college X I often target an international student as a full-paying student, which is very attractive. So if you are a poor international student your options are extremely limited. So we are very popular with that cohort.
What have you been doing in advance of the school's plans for fiscal responsibility that may or may not involve tuition charges?
We are looking at ways to attract more applicants, if necessary. If we increase the charges that a student is expected to pay, it will in theory be harder for us to rely upon our traditional recruitment techniques to bring in a class that meets our institutional needs. So by increasing application numbers hopefully we will then have a larger number of students to choose from and then in essence be able to maintain a high level of quality of our incoming class. One of the other things we have done recently is to create an advisory panel for my office comprised of ten high school counselors from schools in the tri-state area. We have asked them to be a sounding board as Cooper may roll out new plans and programs. The panel represents a good mix of highly selective private, parochial, and comprehensive public schools. This way we'll get a better sense of how students in those schools might react to new programs at Cooper. Additionally, for some of these counselors, we hope they will recommend Cooper to their top students.
How do you imagine Cooper will be different in five years?
Without knowing exactly what the plans are I would say we will have new graduate programs that I expect to increase our visibility around the world. Until I know what will happen with undergraduate tuition I am reluctant to say because I can give you different answers depending on what happens. One thing is changing at Cooper already, regardless of the plan's specifics. Cooper is becoming more aware of (and I hate to use this term) what the market is interested in. Not that we should let the market dictate what we offer but I think we should involve the long term needs of our society, for example, a continued push to attract the brightest students to consider the STEM fields [science, technology, engineering and math.] Also we may need to be more sensitive to employers and the kind of skill sets they seek. This is already becoming part of the discussion here. We can't offer programs without considering how potential students may react to them. We need to survey prospective students to see what they might want from an education.
Looking beyond the current financial challenges, what other sorts of long-term efforts would you like to see happen?
I would like to see us keep moving in the direction of using technology more effectively, particularly in an effort to raise worldwide awareness of Cooper as well as targeting new markets for potential students. Our country has experienced major population shifts both racially and geographically. We should therefore target students through technology in areas we haven't visited much. For example, since we currently don't have the money to send people around the country, John Falls, the Assistant Dean of Admissions, recently participated in a Skype chat with a high school in South Carolina. Another ambition I have is for Cooper to have a serious institutional discussion about diversity. I'd love for Cooper to increase the number of underrepresented minority students in all three schools. This should be done in a thoughtful, holistic manner. Simply hiring a new recruiter to admit minority students is not the answer. We'd need a more comprehensive approach, looking at what it means to be diverse at all levels including staff, faculty and ultimately students.
What is your perspective on the issue, some might say crisis, of escalating higher education costs?
I think it unfair, to some extent, that colleges are being attacked for their costs because one has to look at the argument in greater context. The level of government support for higher education has decreased significantly over the past 30 years. I am not saying that colleges couldn't be more efficient and cost-effective but it's not fair to blame colleges as the reason why it's so expensive without understanding the larger context.
Where does Cooper fit in?
As we currently sit it's nice to say that thus far, we have been a very successful experiment. Even if we have to reduce our scholarship a small amount I'd like to believe that we have been able to demonstrate to the world that we believe there is incredible value in providing an exceptional education at an affordable price. I'd like it to remain affordable and attainable for students with varied backgrounds. While the cost of higher education will remain a big issue nationally, we should not be reluctant to frame the discussion in other ways. We have an opportunity to take the lead and promote an understanding that colleges can do more than help students obtain employment. There are many more reasons why one should attend college. Yes, a student may want to have a degree that will help prepare him or her for a profession but we like to believe that we do so much more by educating our students to be active citizens; to be able to solve real-world problems; to be adaptable and move into different career paths throughout their lives.
If you had a magic wand to solve the problems of higher education, what would you do?
If I had a magic wand I would direct more public funding toward higher education. I believe that for our country to be globally competitive even just five years from now a major effort will need to be made. Clearly it takes time to change the culture of college-going in our country but the problem that I see -- and it's a huge crisis -- is that the students that are ultimately going to make up the majority of our population are going to college at much lower rates than the white and the affluent. So if we don't figure out a way to get that group off to college we are going to be in huge trouble. I am also concerned about access and affordability and if we will produce enough students in the U.S. that have the necessary skill sets to be successful in a global economy. I think Cooper Union is uniquely positioned because we offer degrees that are so needed by our country and our world. And it certainly helps that we are located in one of the major educational, economic and cultural capitals of the world.
That's it. Anything else you would like to share?
In spite of all the kvetching both internally and externally I still consider myself fortunate to be here. There was an engineering open house for prospective engineering students that I attended not too long ago. One of the deans talked about their interactions with students and showed some projects their students are working on. It reminded me of how special our students are. I was really moved by the whole experience because sometimes you have be involved in an event like that to remember why you are here at Cooper. I am lucky that I still have these events that I can take advantage of to bring me back to my purpose here. I can get so caught up in getting our work done that I forget sometimes what this is all about. So why am I here? To help recruit and ultimately support our students, faculty and alumni. And also to be part of the discussion that shapes the future of Cooper Union.


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2,110 Days Later, Stuff Changes
When I started writing this blog, back in April of 2005 – which was 2,110 days ago, if you haven't been counting – my life was so much different. My book had just published. I was 42-years old. I had been on my (then) job for six years. My kids were not yet one and three years old. And, there were maybe a handful of other people seriously blogging about the Yankees.
Today, nearly six years after I started writing this blog, things are so much different. I'm now 48-years old. I just started a new job. My kids are soon to be seven and nine years old and involved in so many more things today than when they were babies. There are more Yankees bloggers out there than I care to count. Even the Yankees have changed – the owners, the front office, the players, the ballpark, etc. – from those Yankees teams of the '70's, '80's, '90's and early 2000's that I loved so much. (More to come on that on a later date.)
And, my "status" in the Yankees (and general baseball) Blogosphere has changed. When I started, and in the first few years that followed, the majority of my "followers" were fans of my work. Today, the majority of those who follow this blog do so because they despise my opinion and want fuel to rip me on Twitter and other blogs. (This doesn't bother me as much as many may think. It's the American way. Build someone up and then tear them down. Just about anyone who has achieved a somewhat high profile in the public eye has experienced this to some extent.)
Lastly, in addition to family, work, age, the Yankees, the following of this blog, my personal interests have changed. (This has been snowballing for the past four years or so.) These days, in my "free time," I am much more interested in learning more about nutrition, fitness and health than I am about writing about the Yankees. In fact, one of my goals is to spend less time playing around on a computer – after all, as a society, we spend way too much time in front of electronic devices – and using what time I am "on-line" more focused on items that are more important than sharing my opinion on Yankees-related matters.
I'm not saying that I'm completely done with all this – or that this blog is shutting down. There are other authors here, since February 2010, besides me. But, while I have shared in the past that it may be time for me to scale down on this operation, at this junction, more than ever, I think it's time. Times change. Things change. People change. If it didn't, I'd be wearing bell bottom jeans, sporting a David Cassidy shag hair-style, and rooting for Otto Velez to take Roger Moret downtown right now.


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Find Our Latest Video Reviews on YouTube!
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Friday November 9, 2007 12:46 pm
Google Maps headed to gas pumps nationwide
Maps and directions are available on cell phones, PDA's, GPS units, Onstar, or heaven forbid: actual paper maps. This doesn't stop people from getting lost from time to time, so Google is partnering with gas companies to embed the Google Maps application into gas pumps at 3,500 gas stations across the United States starting next month.
The newly teched-out gas pumps will feature an Internet connection and the Google Maps application. By providing this at the pump motorists will be able to both fill up on gas and get directions to their destination. The participating gas stations will likely get a boost in business from drivers too stubborn or embarrassed to ask for directions from anything other than a shiny, all-knowing machine. This sounds like a win for retailers, motorists, and Google alike.
Read More | LA Times
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BlazeMeter Secures $6.5 Million in Financing Led By YL Ventures
San Francisco, Calif. – May 13, 2014 – BlazeMeter, provider of the JMeter-based performance testing cloud, today announced that it has secured $6.5 million in series A financing. The financing round was led by previous investor, YL Ventures and joined by Glilot Capital Partners. The new funding will be used to further develop BlazeMeter's mobile testing platform and establish leadership in the mobile testing market for application performance. It will also be used to help grow BlazeMeter's business in North America by establishing its U.S. headquarters in the San Francisco Bay Area.
"We are excited to engage with BlazeMeter at this stage in the company's development," said Yoav Andrew Leitersdorf, managing partner, YL Ventures. "BlazeMeter's performance testing technology is a proven solution that has shown success time and time again with more than 500,000 tests conducted over 50,000 users since its launch. It brings new levels of ease of use to market for developers, which has contributed to its continued growth among Fortune 100 customers, and is something we look forward to helping the company expand. "
"We are moving toward a continuous deployment model, and since performance escalating is a huge concern for a business like ours, we have to do performance tests when we release certain components of our system," said Spencer Greene, vice president engineering, Ticketfly. "And, if you want to have that be fully automated, we must use BlazeMeter to do an automated performance test with a structured result that we can use to validate that the software performance is there before we push it to production."
BlazeMeter provides a single, cloud-based platform for all performance testing needs throughout an application's lifecycle – from early development to production performance testing and post-production monitoring. YL Ventures and Glilot Captial Partners both support BlazeMeter's vision for bringing simple scalability to Web and mobile app development and testing. BlazeMeter already enables companies to run tests in minutes scaling from 1,000 to more than 1,000,000 concurrent users across multiple geographic locations, all without the burden of building a full performance testing infrastructure.
"Application development is my passion," said Alon Girmonsky, founder and CEO, BlazeMeter. "I consider creating tools that will simplify the application development and testing processes for developers as BlazeMeter's mission. Our user base has grown six fold over the past 12 months and this is attributed to the increasing demand for mobile performance testing. The new funding will enable BlazeMeter to release many new features that will make this testing process even easier and more agile."
"We are proud to join the BlazeMeter team," said Kobi Samboursky, managing partner, Glilot Capital Partners. "BlazeMeter has developed an excellent SaaS platform that is relied upon by an impressive portfolio of corporate customers from a wide range of markets and applications. We strongly believe in the company and its management and look forward to contributing to the company's continued growth."
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About BlazeMeter
BlazeMeter is a self-service, Web and mobile performance testing platform provider, offering developers an enterprise-grade, turnkey performance testing solution that is 100 percent compatible with Apache JMeter™. It is the performance testing platform of choice for more than 15,000 customers at companies, including Citi, Nike, Walmart, Thomson Reuters, Adobe, Disney, Cubic Corporation, KGM Gaming, Pfizer and many more. BlazeMeter can run multiple performance tests that easily simulate scalability from 50 to more than 1,000,000 concurrent users from both public clouds or inside the corporate firewall. It significantly simplifies the performance testing process by providing developers with easy integration into their native development environment, unlimited on-demand performance testing capacity, sophisticated results analysis and distributed testing across multiple geographic locations. For more information, please visit www.blazemeter.com, our blog or find us on Twitter @BlazeMeter and LinkedIn.
About YL Ventures
YL Ventures (www.YLVentures.com) is a global venture capital firm that was founded to address the changing venture capital financing landscape. The firm invests in cyber security, cloud computing, big data and Software-as-a-Service software companies, with particular focus on the Israeli market. Currently investing out of its $27.5 million second fund, YL Ventures accelerate the evolution of portfolio companies via strategic advice and Silicon Valley-based operational execution.
About Glilot Capital Partners
Glilot Capital Partners offers seed and early stage investments as well as the support, guidance and network of contacts of its experienced principals; accelerating the success of promising Israeli startups in the areas of software, cyber and IT security, Internet, and mobile applications. For more information, please visit www.glilotcapital.com or visit Glilot on Facebook.
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Earthwatchers helped protect the iconic Darwin's finches of the Galapagos Islands.
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On his visit to the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin discovered several species of finches that varied from island to island, which helped him to develop his theory of natural selection.
The Galapagos Islands are an archipelago of 13 major islands and more than a hundred smaller islands that straddle the equator off the Ecuadorian coast. They are home to an amazing array of unique animal species: giant tortoises, iguanas, fur seals, sea lions, sharks, rays, and 26 species of native birds––14 of which make up the group known as Darwin's finches. These finches are considered to be the world's fastest-evolving vertebrates because their appearance and behavior quickly adapted to this closed and rapidly changing environment.
Today, Darwin's finches are under attack from an introduced parasitic fly. Earthwatch volunteers helped to catch finches in mist nets (thin nets invisible to birds), measured them, took genetic samples, and recorded damage caused by the parasite before setting them free. They recorded and tested the function of finch song, collected data on the behavior of free-living wild finches, and helped determine the current numbers of finches on the islands. They also helped investigate evolutionary changes in Darwin's finches. All of these activities provided vital information for the action plan being implemented by the Galapagos National Parks to ensure the survival of these iconic finches.
Darwin's finches are still the best animals from which to learn about how vertebrates evolve in the wild.
Earthwatch volunteers played a key role in this study, helping researchers to monitor changes in Darwin's finches on two Galapagos Islands.
Earthwatch volunteers studied how Darwin's finches continue to evolve in relation to another immigrant to the Galapagos: the Philornis downsi fly. This species probably came to the Galapagos on cargo ships in the 1960s. As an adult, the fly eats fruit. But it lays its eggs in finch nests, and once they hatch, the larvae feed on the blood and tissue of the nestlings. Since 2000, researchers have observed alarmingly high nestling mortality, with anywhere from 30 to 98 percent of chicks dying each year. The research focused on two related issues: how best to control the Philornis parasite, and how physical changes due to Philornis are shaping evolutionary change in Darwin's finches.
Darwin's finches are considered to be the world's fastest-evolving vertebrates.
Earthwatch volunteers worked closely with researchers to increase annual monitoring efforts of finch populations across islands to keep close track of how their populations fared as control programs for Philornis were implemented. Their work helped save Darwin's finches from extinction: birds that have provided humankind with transformative insights about evolutionary processes and dynamics, and that are still the best animals from which to learn about how vertebrates evolve in the wild.
The Galapagos Islands lie about 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) off the coast of Ecuador. The climate is hot during the day and cooler at night. The sea around the islands is home to abundant life, including rays, turtles, sea lions, whales, dolphins, and seabirds such as the magnificent frigate bird, the lava gull, and the swallow-tailed gull. The islands offer some of the best scuba diving and snorkeling in the world. Visitors can swim among tropical fish, turtles, marine iguanas, and even penguins, while blue-footed boobies and brown pelicans dive into the water around them.
On the land, an amazing diversity of species have adapted to the local conditions. In addition to Darwin's finches, there are giant tortoises and spectacular songbirds such as the vermillion flycatcher. The plants are just as interesting. In the highlands, you can see trees that evolved from daisies and are covered in colorful mosses and lichens, while in the lowlands there are many cacti.
This is a summary:
The volunteers rose at about 5:30 A.M. to work in small groups rotating among research tasks. They helped catch and release finches from mist nets and record finches' song. They helped monitor nests, including searching for nests, using a GPS unit to mark nest positions, checking nests for finch activity, setting up and checking miniature cameras in the nests, and collecting and disassembling used nests to count the parasite larvae and pupae. They also recorded behavior at the nests, such as singing, guarding mates, incubating eggs, and feeding nestlings by the finches and activity of finch predators.
As part of a land-bird monitoring program in partnership with the Galapagos National Park, the volunteers helped researchers visit 20 survey points per habitat per island to record five minutes of bird activity per point.
Recreational activities included visits to the Charles Darwin Research Centre, Tortuga Bay, the pirate caves, and the tortoise breeding center.
Darwin's finches speciated into 14 species in under 2 million years.
Earthwatch volunteers work closely with researchers to increase annual monitoring efforts of finch populations on the islands.
Dr. Sonia Kleindorfer has expertise in animal behavior, biodiversity conservation, ecology and evolutionary biology. She believes that birds are an excellent system to test behavioral response to threat, because birds have a rich vocal repertoire that is both innate and learned. They vocalize in response to threat, and the vocalizations may function in sexual or natural selection contexts.
Camp consists of several simple buildings erected on a large clearing in Budongo Forest. You'll stay in a single room that contains a bed, beddings, mosquito net, reading desk and a chair. All rooms are connected to solar electricity. There are three pit latrines on site which are shared by all. You'll have access to a warm shower, every evening after a long day's work. Water used at camp is harvested off the roofs or taken from the Sonso River so frugal use is necessary.
Evening meals are prepared by cooks who will prepare dishes including rice, chapati, potatoes, spaghetti, beans, beef, fish, ground nuts (peanuts), cow peas, assorted fresh vegetables and fruits, eggs. There are other local foods such as cassava, stewed bananas (locally known as matooke) and maize bread (locally known as ugali or posho). Breakfast will be western style.
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Join Earthwatch in South Africa to help protect the second largest colony of African penguins on the planet.
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FedEx Service Alerts
Tropical Storm Arthur
Tuesday, July 1, 2014
FedEx is closely monitoring Tropical Storm Arthur. Contingency plans are in place to ensure the safety and well-being of our team members and to minimize the effects of Tropical Storm Arthur on service. These storms often cause pickup and delivery delays and disruptions for FedEx customers. FedEx will be prepared to provide service to the best of our ability in areas affected by Tropical Storm Arthur and as local conditions allow.
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Continue to check the status of your shipments on fedex.com before going to any staffed FedEx location. You can also contact FedEx Customer Service at 1.800.GoFedEx 1.800.463.3339 or stay up to date by subscribing to service disruption email notifications at the FedEx Email Subscription Center.
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Continue to check fedex.com for service updates. For specific shipment status information, please track your shipment at fedex.com. You can also contact FedEx Customer Service at 1.800.GoFedEx 1.800.463.3339 or stay up to date by subscribing to FedEx Service Alert email notifications at the FedEx Email Subscription Center. Consistent with the provisions of the FedEx Service Guide, shipments delayed due to Tropical Storm Arthur are not eligible for a refund or credit under the money-back guarantee policy.


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Taking Pictures in the Galapagos, Part 3
Heads up!Welcome to this article from the Crutchfield archives. Have fun reading it, but be aware that the information may be outdated and links may be broken.
Elise is the daughter of A/V Editor Mike S., and an accomplished amateur photographer. Crutchfield loaned her two cameras for a recent trip and asked her to report back on her experience with them.
For my class trip to the Galapagos Islands, I was able to borrow a Nikon D700 and a Panasonic DMC-TS1 camera. While the Nikon D700 allowed me to take many beautiful photographs, it isn't waterproof. That's where the Panasonic DMC-TS1 came in. This underwater camera let me take photos while I was snorkeling. It is shock-resistant and waterproof, 12 megapixels, HD, has video recording capabilities, and doubles as just a normal point-and-shoot camera. I really liked having an underwater camera so I could try and capture some of the wildlife I saw when snorkeling.
Many of the pictures I took underwater are really blurry because it was hard to keep the camera still while I was swimming and dealing with the limitations of our snorkeling equipment. However, towards the end of the trip I got better at keeping the camera still and, in places where the water was not as rough, it was easier to get good pictures.
This camera was useful when I didn't want to risk using the D700 in places where we could possibly get wet. In those situations, I took the DMC-TS1 and used it as a point-and-shoot; it did a great job. Here are the three best pictures I took with the Panasonic camera (link on each image to enlarge):
Many times when we were snorkeling, schools of fish would swim under us. When this school swam by they came really close to me, so I was able to get a decent photo. Also, this was an area where the water was pretty calm and clear so that is why this photo is focused well.
I like this photo because it is one of sharper ones I have and I think it has a really cool perspective. The image really shows off the coral and the landscape of the ocean under the surface.
This photo was not taken underwater but it was taken when we were snorkeling. I came up to the surface to fix my mask and I saw this sea iguana and immediately snapped the photo. This image is a good example of the high quality photos this camera takes for a point and shoot. Also, I would not have been able to take this photo with the D700, so I'm really happy I had the DMC-TS1 along with me.
Taking Pictures in the Galapagos, Part 1


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Description and Brand Names of Hyphed – Hydrocodone, Chlorpheniramine, And Pseudoephedrine (Oral Route)
US Brand Name
- Hydron PSC
- Hyphed
- Notuss-Forte
- Zutripro
Hydrocodone, chlorpheniramine, and pseudoephedrine combination is used to relieve cough and nasal congestion associated with the common cold and upper respiratory allergies in adults 18 years of age and older.
Hydrocodone is a narcotic antitussive (cough suppressant). It acts directly on the cough center in the brain to relieve cough. Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine, which is used to relieve or prevent symptoms of an allergy. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant, which decreases nasal congestion by narrowing the blood vessels and reducing blood flow to the nasal passage.
When hydrocodone is used for a long time, it may become habit-forming, causing mental or physical dependence. However, people who have continuing cough and nasal congestion should not let the fear of dependence keep them from using narcotics to relieve their cough. Mental dependence (addiction) is not likely to occur when narcotics are used for this purpose. Physical dependence may lead to withdrawal side effects if treatment is stopped suddenly. However, severe withdrawal side effects can usually be prevented by gradually reducing the dose over a period of time before treatment is stopped completely.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:
- Liquid
- Tablet
- Suspension
- Solution
- Syrup
- Capsule
Before Using Hyphed – Hydrocodone, Chlorpheniramine, And Pseudoephedrine (Oral Route)
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Use of Zutriproâ"¢ is not indicated in children younger than 18 years of age. Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of Zutriproâ"¢ in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving this medicine.
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Drug Interactions
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
- Clorgyline
- Dihydroergotamine
- Furazolidone
- Iproniazid
- Isocarboxazid
- Linezolid
- Moclobemide
- Naltrexone
- Nialamide
- Pargyline
- Phenelzine
- Procarbazine
- Rasagiline
- Selegiline
- Toloxatone
- Tranylcypromine
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Abiraterone Acetate
- Acetophenazine
- Alfentanil
- Almotriptan
- Alprazolam
- Amitriptyline
- Amobarbital
- Amoxapine
- Amprenavir
- Anileridine
- Aprepitant
- Baclofen
- Bosentan
- Bromazepam
- Brotizolam
- Buprenorphine
- Buspirone
- Butabarbital
- Butalbital
- Butorphanol
- Carbamazepine
- Carbinoxamine
- Carisoprodol
- Chloral Hydrate
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorzoxazone
- Ciprofloxacin
- Clarithromycin
- Clobazam
- Clonazepam
- Clorazepate
- Codeine
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Cyclobenzaprine
- Dabrafenib
- Dantrolene
- Darunavir
- Delavirdine
- Desvenlafaxine
- Dexamethasone
- Dexmedetomidine
- Dezocine
- Diacetylmorphine
- Diazepam
- Difenoxin
- Dihydrocodeine
- Diltiazem
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenoxylate
- Dixyrazine
- Doxylamine
- Efavirenz
- Enzalutamide
- Erythromycin
- Estazolam
- Eszopiclone
- Ethchlorvynol
- Ethopropazine
- Ethylmorphine
- Etravirine
- Fentanyl
- Fluconazole
- Flumazenil
- Flunitrazepam
- Fluoxetine
- Fluphenazine
- Flurazepam
- Fosamprenavir
- Fosaprepitant
- Fosphenytoin
- Fospropofol
- Furazolidone
- Guanethidine
- Halazepam
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroxytryptophan
- Hydroxyzine
- Imatinib
- Indinavir
- Iobenguane I 123
- Iproniazid
- Isocarboxazid
- Itraconazole
- Ketazolam
- Ketobemidone
- Ketoconazole
- Levomilnacipran
- Levorphanol
- Linezolid
- Lomitapide
- Lorazepam
- Lorcaserin
- Lormetazepam
- Loxapine
- Meclizine
- Medazepam
- Meperidine
- Mephenesin
- Mephobarbital
- Meprobamate
- Meptazinol
- Mesoridazine
- Metaxalone
- Methadone
- Methdilazine
- Methocarbamol
- Methohexital
- Methotrimeprazine
- Methyldopa
- Methylene Blue
- Metopimazine
- Miconazole
- Midazolam
- Midodrine
- Mifepristone
- Moclobemide
- Modafinil
- Morphine
- Morphine Sulfate Liposome
- Nafcillin
- Nalbuphine
- Nefazodone
- Nevirapine
- Nicomorphine
- Nitrazepam
- Opium
- Opium Alkaloids
- Orphenadrine
- Oxazepam
- Oxcarbazepine
- Oxycodone
- Oxymorphone
- Papaveretum
- Paregoric
- Pentazocine
- Pentobarbital
- Perampanel
- Perazine
- Periciazine
- Perphenazine
- Phenelzine
- Phenobarbital
- Phenytoin
- Piperaquine
- Pipotiazine
- Piritramide
- Posaconazole
- Prazepam
- Primidone
- Procarbazine
- Prochlorperazine
- Promazine
- Promethazine
- Propiomazine
- Propofol
- Quazepam
- Ramelteon
- Rasagiline
- Regorafenib
- Remifentanil
- Rifabutin
- Rifampin
- Rifapentine
- Secobarbital
- Selegiline
- Sodium Oxybate
- St John's Wort
- Sufentanil
- Tapentadol
- Telithromycin
- Temazepam
- Thiethylperazine
- Thiopental
- Thiopropazate
- Thioproperazine
- Thioridazine
- Ticagrelor
- Tilidine
- Tizanidine
- Topiramate
- Tramadol
- Tranylcypromine
- Trazodone
- Triazolam
- Triflupromazine
- Trimeprazine
- Verapamil
- Voriconazole
- Vortioxetine
- Zaleplon
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Escitalopram
Other Interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following is usually not recommended, but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use this medicine, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.
- Ethanol
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
- Addison's disease (adrenal gland problem) or
- Asthma or
- Diabetes or
- Drug dependence, especially narcotic abuse or dependence, or history of or
- Enlarged prostate (BPH, prostatic hypertrophy) or
- Problems with passing urine or
- Thyroid disease – Use with caution. May increase risk for more serious side effects.
- Heart disease (e.g., coronary artery disease), severe or
- Hypertension (high blood pressure), severe or
- Narrow angle glaucoma or
- Urinary retention – Should not be used in patients with these conditions.
- Kidney disease, severe or
- Liver disease, severe – Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.
Proper Use of Hyphed – Hydrocodone, Chlorpheniramine, And Pseudoephedrine (Oral Route)
Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. If too much of this medicine is taken for a long time, it may become habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence) or cause an overdose.
Measure the oral liquid correctly using the marked measuring spoon, oral syringe, or medicine cup. The average household teaspoon may not hold the right amount of liquid. Ask your pharmacist for instructions for measuring the correct dose of this medicine.
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
For oral dosage form (solution):
For relief of cough, sneezing, or runny or stuffy nose:
- Adults – 5 milliliters (mL) every 4 to 6 hours as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 4 doses (20 mL) in 24 hours.
- Children – Use is not recommended.
- For relief of cough, sneezing, or runny or stuffy nose:
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
It is very important that your doctor check your progress while you are using this medicine. This will allow your doctor to see if the medicine is working properly and to decide if you should continue to take it. If your symptoms do not improve or if they get worse, call your doctor.
Do not use this medicine if you have used an MAO inhibitor (MAOI) such as Eldepryl®, Marplan®, Nardil®, or Parnate® within the past 14 days.
Symptoms of an overdose include: extreme dizziness or weakness, shortness of breath, slow heartbeat or breathing, seizures, and cold, clammy skin. In case of an overdose, call your doctor right away.
This medicine may be habit-forming. If you feel that the medicine is not working as well, do not use more than your prescribed dose. Call your doctor for instructions.
This medicine may make you dizzy or drowsy. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or not alert.
This medicine will add to the effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants (medicines that can make you drowsy or less alert). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for allergies or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; other prescription pain medicine or narcotics; medicine for seizures or barbiturates; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. Check with your doctor before taking any of these medicines while you are using this medicine.
Using narcotics for a long time can cause severe constipation. To prevent this, your doctor may direct you to take laxatives, drink a lot of fluids, or increase the amount of fiber in your diet. Be sure to follow the directions carefully, because continuing constipation can lead to more serious problems.
Using this medicine while you are pregnant may cause neonatal withdrawal syndrome in your newborn babies. Tell your doctor right away if your child has the following symptoms: abnormal sleep pattern, diarrhea, fever, high-pitched cry, irritability, shakiness or tremor, vomiting, weight loss, or failure to gain weight.
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.
Side Effects of Hyphed – Hydrocodone, Chlorpheniramine, And Pseudoephedrine (Oral Route)
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
- Fainting
- lightheadedness
- shakiness in the legs, arms, hands, or feet
- trembling or shaking of the hands or feet
Incidence not known
- Abdominal or stomach cramps or pain
- bloating
- blurred vision
- bulging soft spot on the head of an infant
- change in the ability to see colors, especially blue or yellow
- confusion
- constipation
- convulsions
- decrease in the frequency of urination
- decrease in the urine volume
- diarrhea
- difficult or troubled breathing
- difficulty in passing urine (dribbling)
- dizziness
- dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
- drowsiness
- fainting
- fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat
- headache
- irregular, fast or slow, or shallow breathing
- loss of appetite
- nervousness
- painful urination
- pale or blue lips, fingernails, or skin
- pounding in the ears
- shortness of breath
- sore throat
- spasm of the throat
- sweating
- tightness of the chest
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- vomiting
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
- Disturbed color perception
- double vision
- dry mouth
- false or unusual sense of well-being
- fear or nervousness
- halos around lights
- hyperventilation
- nausea
- night blindness
- overbright appearance of lights
- relaxed and calm
- restlessness
- sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
- sleeplessness
- trouble sleeping
- tunnel vision
- unable to sleep
- unusual drowsiness, dullness, tiredness, weakness, or feeling of sluggishness
Incidence not known
- Acid or sour stomach
- belching
- bigger, dilated, or enlarged pupils (black part of the eye)
- bloating
- change in color vision
- chills
- cold sweats
- coma
- continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in the ears
- cool, pale skin
- darkened urine
- depression
- difficulty seeing at night
- feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
- fever
- flushing or redness of the skin
- full feeling
- hearing loss
- heartburn
- hives or welts
- increased appetite
- increased hunger
- increased in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
- increased interest in sexual intercourse
- increased sensitivity of the eyes to sunlight
- increased sweating
- indigestion
- itching skin
- loss of appetite
- nightmares
- pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
- pressure in the stomach
- seizures
- sensation of spinning
- skin rash
- slurred speech
- stomach discomfort or upset
- sugar in the urine
- swelling of the abdominal or stomach area
- swelling of the breasts or breast soreness in both females and males
- unusually warm skin
- watering of the eyes
- yellow eyes or skin
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


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060526-2024 Times Past Art Print
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060526-2024 Times Past by Kenneth Shanika - 6.5" x 8"
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060526-2024 Times Past art print by Kenneth Shanika. Our art prints are produced on acid-free papers using archival inks to guarantee that they last a lifetime without fading or loss of color. All art prints include a 1" white border around the image to allow for future framing and matting, if desired.
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This is a place in Rocky Mountain National Park. I took it back about 150 years and placed a peaceful Native American camp in the landscape. Please contact the listed gallery for current price and availability. Price includes a frame selected by the artist. This painting is located at Hunter-Wolff Gallery. 719-520-9494
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Please email or call me. I'd be happy to discuss my artwork or answer any questions you may have. It is nice to make new friends. All artwork are original creations by the artist. Please sign up for my E-Newsletter. It is FREE, fun and informative. Just send me your e-mail address and write "Add Me To Your E-Newsletter List". firstname.lastname@example.com Cofounder, Director and Master Member of the Pikes Peak Plein Air Painters. Associate Member of Oil Painters of America. Associate Member of the American Plains Artists. Working in his studio, high on the side of a hill overlooking the peaceful mountain valley of Trout Creek Ranch, Kenneth Shanika spends almost every day fulfilling his life's dream of being an artist. There is...
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COMMERCE CITY, Colo. (Sunday, February 16, 2014) – The Colorado Rapids fell to Chivas USA by a 2-1 score on Sunday night in Las Vegas, with the opposition earning a pair of controversial penalties to capture the win. Deshorn Brown scored a great goal for Colorado to take an early lead, but goals from the spot by Erick Torres and Adolfo Bautista were enough to give Chivas the victory.
The match-winning goal was scored with just seven minutes left in the match, when Thomas McNamara went down in between several Rapids players to earn Chivas' second penalty of the evening. "Bofo" Bautista, just minutes before he left the match due to injury, hit a hard low shot just out of the reach of goalkeeper Clint Irwin's dive.
Colorado had jumped out to the 1-0 lead in the 16th minute on a brilliant goal after some quick passing through the midfield. Charles Eloundou received a ball in midfield and cut inside before passing to Vicente Sánchez, who was under pressure and played a first-touch flick to Dillon Serna. The Rapids Homegrown Player then sent the ball back across the field to Brown, who touched the ball around Chivas goalkeeper Dan Kennedy before finishing from a tight angle.
The game was tied just three minutes later, in perhaps more controversial fashion than Chivas' second. Forward Matthew Fondy had the ball in the Rapids box and dribbled between Jared Watts and Nick LaBrocca before falling to the ground, and the referee quickly whistled for a penalty. Erick "Cubo" Torres calmly finished to Clint Irwin's left to knot the match at one.
The Rapids had the bulk of the possession and chances in the match, especially controlling the first half, though Chivas had a pair of excellent chances in the second session, with one shot rattling the crossbar and another opportunity scuffed by Bautista. Colorado pushed to find an equalizer late and had a pair of chances with little time remaining, Kamani Hill first hitting the post after a misplayed cross from the Chivas keeper, then having a Gabriel Torres free kick saved.
The team returned to Colorado on Monday morning, and will then fly to Tucson for the Desert Diamond Cup on Tuesday, where the Rapids will play four matches, including a rematch against Chivas USA on Feb. 26.
Preseason Exhibition – Sam Boyd Stadium, Las Vegas, Nev.
Scoring Summary:
COL – Deshorn Brown (Dillon Serna, Vicente Sánchez) 16'
CHV – Erick Torres (penalty) 19'
CHV – Adolfo Bautista (penalty) 83'
Rapids Lineup: Clint Irwin; Albert Edward (Tolani Ibikunle 61'), Marvell Wynne (Drew Moor 61'), Jared Watts (Grant Van De Casteele 61'), Marc Burch (Chris Klute 61'); Juan Guzman (Nathan Sturgis 61'), Nick LaBrocca (Marlon Hairston 61'); Dillon Serna (Marvin Chavez 61'), Vicente Sanchez (Kamani Hill 61'), Charles Eloundou (Samuel Galindo 61'); Deshorn Brown (Gabriel Torres 61')
Misconduct Summary:
CHV – Mauro Rosales (yellow card) 59'
COL – Juan Guzman (yellow card) 59'


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It's been a tough week for the state of Virginia. They got a significant earthquake. They got hammered by Hurricane irene.
Still, Californians might be better off if they were there.
Yes, our weather is better. Yes, our food is better (and more diverse, as I can attest from having spent the weekend with visiting Virginians who were desperate to get authentic Chinese in the San Gabriel Valley).
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
Yes, we're better looking.
But Virginia is stronger fiscally -- and that makes a huge difference these days.
The state has a budget surplus -- you read that right -- a surplus of more than $550 million.
That reflects a stronger state economy -- one that wasn't as dependent on housing as California's and thus didn't get as slammed by the housing-led panic of the Great Recession. It also reflects the buffeting winds of being so close to Washington DC and its spending.
But the truth is that this isn't a fluke.
Virginia made lists of the best fiscally managed states long before these bad times. Why?
Because Virginia, unlike California, gives its elected officials the discretion and flexibility to make choices, adapt to changing circumstances, and live with the political consequences.
Virginia has almost none of the fiscal rules -- the spending mandates, the tax limitations, the supermajorities -- that make governance in California so difficult.
That's right. There's no Prop 13 -- and yet their taxes are lower than ours.
There's no Prop 98 -- and yet they spend more on schools, and their students do better, than California's.
To listen to conservatives in particular, you'd think that you'd get communism without Prop 13. Virginia gets low taxes, growth and a balanced budget. Where do I sign up for that kind of communism?
But the best thing about being a strong state is that you can manage disasters. Virginia will bounce back quickly from the quake and storms.
By all news accounts, its officials responded quickly. Imagine if California got hit by the natural disaster one-two punch that Virginia experienced.
Do you have confidence in California state officials, operating in a budget crisis, to do everything necessary in terms of emergency response and community rebuilding?
Me neither.


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Wi-Fi, WiDi, WiVu, What? -- a quick overview of wireless HD technology
Heads up!Welcome to this article from the Crutchfield archives. Have fun reading it, but be aware that the information may be outdated and links may be broken.
What is wireless HD, and why should I care?
If you've purchased an HDTV recently, or invested in a 5.1 surround sound home theater system, and don't like masses of tangled wires, then you should care. Simply put, wireless HD technology can transmit high-definition video, surround sound audio, control codes, and other data all without any loss of quality or detail. That means you can enjoy the best possible picture and sound without running a lot of wires between devices. And that means you can stream content wirelessly from your laptop to your TV, or install rear channel speakers without having to run cables through your walls.
Is there more than one kind of wireless HD?
Well, sort of. But not to worry. In the aftermath of CES (Consumer Electronics Show) 2011 there has been a lot of talk about wireless HD options and new technologies. But Wi-Fi® is still pretty much the standard at this point. It's used to build home networks, connect HDTV displays to laptops, Blu-ray players to the Internet, smart phones to receivers, and so on. Chances are any two devices you'd like to wirelessly connect will either have Wi-Fi built in, or be Wi-Fi compatible through an adapter. So if you just look for Wi-Fi enabled devices, you'll be fine. And obsolescence shouldn't be a problem — many of these technologies use some form of Wi-Fi, or will be backwards-compatible in some fashion with Wi-Fi gear.
So what do all these terms mean?
If you want to dig a little further and get a handle on some of the various types of wireless HD protocol, here's a quick run-down of some terms you're most likely to run across.
What's available now —and most relevant to consumer electronics
WiDi — WiDi is short for Intel® Wireless Display. It's a proprietary technology built into Intel® Core™ i3, i5 and i7 processors, and lets you wirelessly stream audio and video from a computer directly to a compatible TV (through an adapter). At the moment, WiDi is only available for computers running with a Windows operating system.It uses Wi-Fi as its transmission medium.
for more information
Wi-Fi® — The Wi-Fi Alliance has developed several standards over the years. When people refer to Wi-Fi, they generally have the 802.11n standard in mind, which is the one found in most consumer electronic devices. When you connect components wirelessly, chances are the connection made is through Wi-Fi —especially if you're linking your system to your home network. Wi-Fi transfers data at a fast enough rate that you can stream video from the Internet onto a compatible HDTV with good picture and sound quality.
product shortlist:
Sony KDL-46EX710 BRAVIA® Internet-ready 1080p LED HDTV
LG 50PX950 50" INFINIA™ 3D-ready 1080p plasma HDTV
Samsung BD C6500 Internet-ready Blu-ray player
Logitech® Squeezebox Internet Radio
Samsung ST80 14.2-megapixel digital camera with 3X optical zoom and built-in Wi-Fi
For more information:
WirelessHD™ — WirelessHD is a global standard for wireless consumer electronics to ensure they can talk to each other and deliver high-definition audio and video. With compatible WirelessHD devices, you can wirelessly stream high-definition video from your laptop to TV, or game console to computer monitor, or full surround sound audio from your Blu-ray player to your speaker system. This is still an emerging technology, so not many products have WirelessHD. Among the manufacturers that support WirelessHD are LG, Samsung, Sony, Toshiba, Onkyo, and Yamaha.
For more information:
Wireless USB — This is a wireless standard developed for devices with USB ports by the USB Implementers Forum. Wireless USB uses the Wi-Fi protocol for broadcasting. The standard covers USB adapters that plug into devices and act as a sender and receiver. This lets you wirelessly connect your HDTV to your laptop, for example, by simply plugging compatible adapters into the USB ports found on both products.
Product shortlist:
LG Wi-Fi USB Adapter for compatible LG HDTVs
TiVo® USB adapter for dual-tuner TiVo boxes
Sony UWA-BR100 Wireless network adapter for 2010 Wi-Fi-ready Sony HDTVs and components
For more information:
What may be coming in the future
WHDI™ — Wireless Home Digital Interface — or WHDI — is a wireless high-definition video standard. It will allow full, uncompressed 1080p video and surround sound audio to be wirelessly transmitted throughout your home. With this technology you should be able to wirelessly connect any A/V source to any display, so the Blu-ray disc playing in your main setup could be viewed on your bedroom's flat-panel display with no loss of picture quality. Or you could stream music from your SACD player in your den to speakers in your kitchen with all the detail they can handle.Consortium members include Sony, LG, Hitachi, Samsung, and Sharp. According to the organization, the first round of WHDI products should be available later in 2011.
For more information:
WiGig™ — WiGig is the wireless standard promoted by the Wireless Gigabit Alliance. It will transfer about 14 times as much data per second as standard Wi-Fi. This should let you wirelessly stream uncompressed high-definition video and audio with virtually no lag time (unless you're streaming from an outside Internet connection). Its supporters are primarily information technology companies, such as Dell, Intel, Nokia, and Texas Instruments, although Panasonic, Samsung, and Toshiba are also members. According to industry sources, products incorporating WiGig should be available by 2012.
For more information:
WiVu™ — WiVu is a technology developed by Cavium Networks, a company that builds integrated semiconductor processors for networking. Rather than being an industry-standard protocol, it's a proprietary processor. According to Cavium, WiVu will use the existing Wi-Fi network in your home for standard definition video and audio. I will also be able to send 1080p 2D and 3D video signals wirelessly without requiring line-of-sight. It will also have an extremely low compression latency, an important aspect for any type of interactivity, such as gaming, or remote desktop computing. WiVu was announced in 2011, so it will be a while before it begins appearing in products.
For more information:
So how do all these technologies stack up?
If you're a specs person, this chart's for you. It compares all the wireless HD technologies we've listed above. NOTE: Some capacities are measured in megabytes per second (MB), and others in gigabytes per second (GB). Since a GB is equal to approximately 1,000 MBs, in the chart all rates are expressed in terms of GBs. Frequency range is important, as different protocols using the same frequency can potentially interfere with each other.
Currently available technologies
Data Transfer Rate
(per second)
|For use in
|230 feet
|2.4 & 5 GHz
mobile phones
portable electronics
portable computers
home audio/video
not given
|60 GHz
home audio/video
|Wireless USB
|30 feet
|3.1-10.6 GHz
mobile phones
portable electronics
portable computers
Future technologies
Data Transfer Rate
(per second)
|For use in
|100 feet
|5 GHz
home audio/video
|not given
|60 GHz
portable computers
desktop computers
|not given
|not given
|not given
portable electronics