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Checking in with School of Medicine Start-UpsBy Carla Jean Whitley
Left: Ho-Wook Jun and Brigitta Brott of Endomimetics. Right: David Graves, Kevin Harris, and Katri Selander of Blondin Biosciences
When the Economic Development Partnership of Alabama announced the 2012 finalists for its Alabama Launchpad competition, two companies born in the School of Medicine had made the cut. And though neither took home the prize of $100,000 in seed funding, UAB's researchers-turned-entrepreneurs say that the program offered valuable advice and insight into creating a business plan and finding investors for their young start-ups. Now, both companies seek funding that will allow them to test their medical solutions and bring them to market.
Blondin Biosciences: As medicine has progressed, so have cancer drugs, offering multiple treatment options for most cancers. "But nobody knows whether they will work for a certain patient," explains Katri Selander, M.D., Ph.D., a UAB assistant professor of hematology and oncology. Blondin Biosciences, which Selander founded alongside her husband, UAB hematologist-oncologist Kevin Harris, M.D., and UAB Department of Chemistry Chair David Graves, Ph.D., may have a solution. The group has developed a blood test that, based on the release of a DNA structure into the blood, can determine whether chemotherapy is effective within just a few days. "Our test saves time, risk to the patient, and money, so it's a win-win-win situation," Selander says.
The test's uses aren't limited to cancer treatment, either. It may also gauge treatment effectiveness for neurological degenerative diseases and trauma, and pharmaceutical companies could use it in product development.
Foundation for SuccessWhile each UAB discovery follows its own technology transfer path, all roads eventually lead to the UAB Research Foundation (UABRF). A nonprofit corporation created in 1987, the office identifies, assesses, and markets commercially viable technology invented at UAB and oversees the protection of intellectual property rights for the university, which includes filing patents in the United States and overseas. The UABRF also negotiates and oversees research, option, and licensing agreements for UAB.
UABRF Milestones:
• Managed more than 2,160 invention disclosures
• Received more than 640 United States patents
• Negotiated more than $29 million in research agreements
• Arranged more than 430 option and licensing agreements, generating more than $60 million in income
UAB has spun off more than 50 start-up companies based on its discoveries and inventions. Many of them got off the ground at Innovation Depot, a business incubator in downtown Birmingham operated as a partnership among UAB, the regional business community, private foundations, and local governments.
Endomimetics: Associate Professor of Cardiovascular Disease Brigitta Brott, M.D., and Ho-Wook Jun, Ph.D., an associate professor of biomedical engineering, have developed a solution to problems in patients with coronary stents. Their bionanomatrix coating is intended to inhibit blood-clot formation and renarrowing of arteries while enhancing the healing process. The coating is free of synthetic materials, which reduces the risk of inflammation and clotting.
The pair applied for and received a Wallace Coulter Foundation grant, which matches biomedical faculty with a clinician/researcher in an effort to bring to market a product that will benefit patients. After attending the Coulter Foundation's business training and an "Idea to IPO" class in the UAB School of Business, Brott and Jun determined the fastest way to get the coating to market was to form a company and partner with device manufacturers. Endomimetics was founded in November 2009 and now resides at Innovation Depot. "I see patients clotting up or renarrowing all the time, and I had this sense of urgency to get this to other patients," Brott explains.
Coronary stents are the biggest, but not the only, market for the material. The coating is already in the process of being tested on another device through a partnership with a major manufacturer.
Brott credits UAB's atmosphere with helping her company to get off the ground. "Unlike some places I've been in the past, this is truly a collaborative place," she says.


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FREDERICK, Md. (AP) — A Frederick County grand jury has cleared two sheriff's deputies in the fatal shooting of a Mount Airy man in January.
State's Attorney Charlie Smith said the panel found on Friday that the deputies were justified in shooting 19-year-old Daniel Vail.
Police say Vail was a suspect in an armed home invasion two days earlier. Deputies Charles Zang and Kevin Riffle went to his apartment at 1 a.m. Jan. 10 to serve a search-and-seizure warrant.
Smith says the deputies entered Vail's bedroom and found him pointing a shotgun at them. He says the deputies fired after ordering Vail several times to drop the gun.
The Vail family has questioned the use of deadly force. Their attorney says there is evidence the deputies fired at least 18 shots.
(Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)

subset: commoncrawl


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SKF offers new Lincoln PowerLuber grease gun
2016 September 13, 14:00 CET
Gothenburg, Sweden, 13 September 2016: SKF today announced the introduction of its Lincoln 12-volt, lithium-ion PowerLuber. Developed for quick, effortless application of lubricant, this grease tool is suitable for agricultural, automotive, construction, general maintenance and industrial applications.
The 12-volt PowerLuber features a lithium-ion battery for maximum power and efficiency and delivers grease at up to 8,000 psi (551 bar). Its three-point base keeps the tool upright for user convenience and helps prevent dirt and debris from entering the motor. Its ergonomic, lighter-weight construction reduces operator fatigue and allows easy access to tight areas.
The tool's new dual-lip follower enables bulk or cartridge delivery and eliminates grease bypass. The 12-volt PowerLuber has a bright, built-in light emitting diode to illuminate the work area. Also, the grease gun has an integrated hose holder and tube guide for secure hose storage and easy threading of the grease barrel.
Find SKF's new Lincoln PowerLuber grease gun at Automechanika: Hall 9.1., booth E79.
Aktiebolaget SKF
For further information, please contact:
Press Relations: Sabine Hergenröder, +46 31 337 6418; +46 705 77 6418, email@example.com
SKF is a leading global supplier of bearings, seals, mechatronics, lubrication systems, and services which include technical support, maintenance and reliability services, engineering consulting and training. SKF is represented in more than 130 countries and has around 17,000 distributor locations worldwide.
Annual sales in 2015 were SEK 75 997 million and the number of employees was 46 635. www.skf.com
® SKF is a registered trademark of the SKF Group.
Download press kit
- SKF Lincoln PowerLuber 12V (841 KB) preview


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Farmingdale State 3 (30, 30, 30)
Mount Saint Vincent 0 (25, 22, 25)
The Farmingdale State (7-10, 2-1 Skyline) women�s volleyball team defeated visiting Mount Saint Vincent (6-13, 0-3 Skyline) 3-0 tonight for their second conference win of the season. The Rams won the first and third games 30-25 and the second game 30-22.
Sophomore Megan Cranmer (Hicksville, NY/Hicksville) finished with a game-high 29 assists. Freshman Cathryn McLean (East Northport, NY/Northport) led the team with 9 kills, four solo blocks and 10 digs. Freshman Brittany Baran (East Northport, NY/Commack) totaled 8 kills, one block and three service aces.
Mount Saint Vincent�s Katie Balch (Peekskill, NY/Peekskill) led the team with seven kills. Jessica Thorn (Farmingdale, NY/Colts Neck) finished with 11 digs for the Dolphins.
The Rams next game is on Monday, October 10th against conference opponent Stevens in Hoboken, NJ at 7:00pm.


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Muslim Menghancurleburkan Kuburan Sakral Di Timbuktu
Posted: Sun Jul 01, 2012 5:57 pm
Islamic militants set fire to sacred tombs in Timbuktu
By the CNN Wire Staff
June 30, 2012 -- Updated 2126 GMT (0526 HKT)
Wanita Timbuktu
The tombs are a 15th century shrine to Muslim saints
The Ansar Dine militant group has destroyed some of the tombs
The Islamist group says people shouldn't worship saints
Timbuktu is a World Heritage site
(CNN) -- UNESCO on Saturday condemned the destruction of three sacred tombs in Timbuktu, Mali, by Islamic militants who say they will destroy more.
The tombs, a 15th century shrine to Muslim saints, are part of a World Heritage site in Timbuktu.
The destruction started Friday.
"The militants broke the doors and wooden gates to the grave and then used the cloth inside to set fire to the tomb," said Sankoum Sissoko, a resident in Timbuktu. "They started chasing people away, telling them they shouldn't worship a saint, a human being."
He witnessed the attack together with other Timbuktu residents who had come to the tombs to pray.
Timbuktu's treasures at risk
"The Islamists know a lot of people visit the grave on Fridays. That's why they attack on those days," Sissoko said.
UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova called for the militants to stop the destruction immediately. The U.N. agency sponsors cultural, scientific, and educational programs to further peaceful relations between nations.
"Reports that the Mausoleums of Sidi Mahmoud, Sidi Moctar and Alpha Moya have been destroyed is extremely distressing," she said. "There is no justification for such wanton destruction and I call on all parties engaged in the conflict to stop these terrible and irreversible acts, to exercise their responsibility and protect this invaluable cultural heritage for future generations."
Timbuktu Muslims on their way to Friday worship at the tombs were stopped and threatened by armed men from Ansar Dine, a militant group that seeks to impose strict Sharia law, Timbuktu Mayor Ousmane Halle said.
"The Islamists have surrounded he tombs with their cars after chasing people away and at the moment they're destroying the mausoleum of Sidi El Moctar," Halle said.
Rebels burn Timbuktu tomb
According to several witnesses the militants said they wouldn't stop until the destruction was complete.
"Today we will destroy all the mausoleums," Ansar Dine representative Sanda Ould Boumama said.
Just on Thursday, the World Heritage Committee had accepted the request of the Malian government to place Timbuktu on UNESCO's sites in danger.
France, the former colonial power in Mali, also condemned the attack.
"We call for an end to this violence and this intolerance," France said in a statement.


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Who better to tell the story of our daily lives than us as we live them? Whether you are working on P365/P52 or just scrapping your life as you live it, this kit is full of wonderful pieces to help you tell your story. Wendy Tunison Designs' new kit was created to work with April but with the variety of fun colors and ellies, you'll be sure to be able to use it time and again no matter the month or season! Full of all of the whimsy spring brings, this kit will be perfect for all of the fun you're sure to have as the sun begins to shine a little more each day! Best of all, Just Us *April* is 30% off during the introductory week.
There's also a great new date set to coordinate with this set or use separately!
Of course, if you have to have it all and you want the best bang for your buck, pick up the bundle!
Take a look at all of the beautiful layouts our CT created with this bundle...
Wendy's also got a fun Easter kit on sale for you through the weekend for just $2.00!!!
Be sure to stop by her blog on Saturday for a fun hybrid post using this kit!
Temptations Vol. 16 has also been released in all of Wendy's stores now!
I'm also excited to tell you that Wendy's opened up shop at Ginger Scraps! Here's a little goodie to help celebrate!
Of course, you'll want to stop back by Wendy's blog tomorrow to pick up some CT freebies for Just Us April as well!
Have a great day!


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My mojo seems to have left town (along with my abs, but that's another topic.) If you've been following along the last few weeks of our staycation and then my poor hubby's sickness, this present state of affairs won't be much of a surprise. I've been dragging my lazy ass around for a few days now. I sat at my office desk for 2.5 days last week and achieved nothing and contributed nothing. I've been feeling tired and bla every day, going to bed early and waking up exhausted.
I understand this is a temporary lull; usually my mojo is quite active and pumped up, ready for silliness, primed for a giggle. So I need to get it back – stat. I started the quest to unearth my mojo from wherever it is hiding yesterday. It felt good but we're definitely not there yet.
So I asked some friends to let me know what they do to re-find their mojo. I've meshed their suggestions with several of my own re-mojo-activating tactics to create what could possibly be The Ultimate Guide to Finding Your Mojo. Here's hoping that by Monday morning, I'll spring out of bed, rested, with my mojo fully restored, ready for action.
The Ultimate Guide to Finding Your Mojo
- Lie on the couch and watch re-runs of Friends, Ally McBeal or whatever show or movie takes you to your happy place. Do not watch any weepies.
- Play music that makes you happy. Or in my case, music that makes you groove. In fact, I think I'm going to create a Mojo Playlist. Today, I've been shaking my booty to some newly discovered tracks including Calvin Harris "The Rain," and Fun "We Are Young." My other mood-and-groove-enhancing favourites include Abba "Dancing Queen," Bee Gees "Night Fever," Stevie Wonder "Living for the City," Katy Perry "Firework," Jackson 5 "I Want You Back" and The Pretenders "Brass in Pocket."
- Read (I often return to Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist to set me back on the right track. Or anything by Bill Bryson for his laugh-out-loud travel experiences and wry observances of human nature.)
- A good chat with a good friend; try picking up the phone and calling someone you've not spoken with in a while (Annemarie, you've been warned.)
- Work up a good sweat (pick your poison: dancing, exercise, sex, weeding, pillow fight ….)
- Get a mani/pedi – or some other indulgent spa treatment. (I am sporting some freshly polished, vibrant purple toe and finger nails!)
- Write (a letter, a blog, a to-do list, some goals – by the way, this would be a good time to plug my pal Matty P's great new book Goals Gone Wild.)
- Clean/organize something you've been putting off – might sound weird but it feels really good to finally get to it.)
- Sit on the deck and listen to the soundtrack of nature.
- Imbibe – whether it's coffee to give your system a jolt, or a large glass of wine or sangria ( my latest addiction)
- Shoe shopping.
- Do something nice for someone else. It feels good to be both the giver and the receiver, believe me.
So there it is, the formula I've already started using to hunt down and rekindle my joie de vivre. What do you do to find you're mojo when it's left town? What would be on your Mojo Playlist?
(P.S. If you happen to find my abs, could you kindly return them – much appreciated.)
(P.P.S Here are some links to some other good mojo-finding blogs and resources:
10 Ways to Get Your Groove Back )


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Re: Choose
dog food. already done it.
Message Boards - Boba Fett Fan Club → Fans → Choose
dog food. already done it.
WTF? DOGFOOD?? You must crazy!
Back on topic...
Sport car or motorbike?
Motorbike. They are cooler.
Sport car. They are way cooler !!!!
Motorcycle!!! All the badboys ride them...I love bad boys They also look awesome.
Needz to start ridin' my own
Motorcycle (better for the environment as well)
Graphic novel or novel?
Graphic Novel. They are just better.
hard to say, depends on the novel.
yeah what regimas said, i like both.
Novel. I prefer to make the pictures in my own head. It's like my own little movie
(better for the environment as well)
I disagree. With motorcycle can travel only two persons, but with car there's enough room for five persons. Now say, which is better for environment, three motorcycles or a car?
In car, novel. As Appo said it's nicer to make the picture's in my own head.
A normal computer or a laptop?
Novel. I prefer to make the pictures in my own head. It's like my own little movie
yeah, i do that too. but with a graphic novel, since you have a clear picture of the characters, it gives you a better idea of how their voices would be like.
and computers, although laptops own for wireless.
IT depends on what you need to do... for like most every day stuff I LOVE my laptop. But if i had to do photoshop or Illustrator work.... where its super heavy on the memory, i'd prefer to use a desktop. But i have to pick ONE so i choose Laptop.
Piercing or tattoo?
Neither. Or maybe tattoo or... I DO NOT KNOW!!!
Tatto althought piercings can be cool too .
I have piercings now. And I plan for more. But I plan for a tattoo too..... Officially its piercings. More jewelry!
As far as I'm concerned, peircing are for chicks. Just mho on the subject, and I don't care that lots of guys have them.
So tats 100% for me. Can't wait to settle on a Mando skull image so I can get one
Can't wait to settle on a Mando skull image so I can get one
LOL That's cool!
BOT: The 1st Death Star or the 2nd Death Star?
1st death Star...the second one wasn't even done yet lol
second, it was A) bigger by like 28 times B) had a more powerful superlaser C) could recharge super laser faster.
the second death star. that thing looks cool
I like both of the Death Stars. Why? They were both dark, huge, and imposing as all haran, they both shot laser beams of DEATH, and they both made quite a spectacular show when they exploded. But I guess, overall, I'm going to have to side with Fett_II on this one and say the second one because its weapons systems were better. (lol I love how you said "bigger by like 28 times" Fett_II, nice on picking the number 28 out of a hat)
Choice: Weather - hot and dry, or cold and wet?
cold and wet. i LOVE the cold
UGH! I'd say hot and dry.
Penguin or ostrich?
Message Boards - Boba Fett Fan Club → Fans → Choose
Generated in 0.064 seconds (93% PHP - 7% DB) with 8 queries


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One day a disciple of Gambhirananda brought his own son and his friend's son to the Master. Alas, on that very day his friend's son was attacked by cholera. The doctors said it was a hopeless case; it was only a matter of hours before he would die.
The disciple felt miserable because the boy was his friend's only son. So he went to Gambhirananda and begged him to cure the boy. In his mind the disciple was saying to himself: "Why did I bring this young boy? If he dies, what will I tell my friend?" Then he had another thought: "Oh, I have a few children. I won't mind if one of my children dies instead of my friend's son."
At this point Gambhirananda read his mind. "You great sacrificer!" he said, "You are ready to let your son die! What right do you have to sacrifice your son? Your life belongs to you, but your son's life belongs to him. You cannot claim your son's life. You have not yet learned the ABC of spiritual life, and you are showing off about what a great sacrificer you are. Be sincere! Try to know where you stand in the spiritual life. Start from the very beginning. Learn the ABC of spiritual life and then think of sacrifice."
The Master mocked the disciple, scolded him and insulted him. Then finally he cured his friend's son.
It is easy to be generous at the expense of others. In the outer world when we sacrifice something, we are totally aware of the results of our action. At times it is the results-which are glory, name and fame – that prompt us to make an act of sacrifice. But in the inner world there is no such thing as sacrifice. Through our constant prayer and meditation we become fully aware of our universal oneness. When we separate our existence from the blind limitations of the body, we see ourselves not only as unlimited possibilities but also as infinite inevitabilities. Our sense of separativity we sacrifice in order to become great. Our sense of unity we treasure in order to remain always good.


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Public-health researchers have long known there's a connection between loneliness, social isolation and mortality. What they didn't know was whether loneliness was the emotional mechanism through which actually being alone affected health, or whether the feelings of loneliness and the effects of social isolation were somehow independent.
Consider the case of the hermit. "We all know people who might seem social isolated but don't experience loneliness because they are comfortable being on their own," says Andrew Steptoe, one of the study's authors. Would they be at higher risk of death as well?
Steptoe and his coauthors, Aparna Shankar, Panayotes Demakakos and Jane Wardle, decided to find out. The researchers looked at 6,500 men and women who participated in the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) in 2004 and 2005. They measured the participants on feelings of loneliness and objective measures of social isolation. And then they looked at mortality rates over the next seven years.
At the outset, both social isolation and self-reported lonesomeness increased the risk of death. But after controlling for other factors, the effects of lonesomeness dropped away. The effects of true isolation, however, persisted. Too much time without human contact can kill you.
But if the mechanism isn't lonesomeness, what is it? "Social isolation has practical as well as emotional aspects," says Steptoe. "People with few social contacts may not have people around them who can give them advice, recommend that they go to a doctor with symptoms, ensure that they maintain healthy lifestyles, or perhaps they don't have anyone around when they experience acute symptoms."
Alleviating social isolation can be easier than we think. A phone call, perhaps even an e-mail, counts. "The take home message is that we need to keep an eye on the social connections of older people, since maintaining social contacts among seniors and reducing isolation may be particularly important for their future survival," says Steptoe.
In other words, call your grandmother.


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Boulder, CO, USA - Topics include: discovery of Sudbury impact event debris in Michigan; climate change and dispersal of early modern humans out of Africa; relationship of mantle plumes and supercontinent cycles; relationship of San Andreas fault system activity and the eastern California shear zone; and ramifications of sediment mixing in studying the Great Barrier Reef. An open-access Research Focus on paleoseismology addresses earthquake prediction. The GSA TODAY science article examines climate change, Ethiopian Plateau development, and human evolution.
Highlights are provided below. Representatives of the media may obtain complimentary copies of articles by contacting Ann Cairns at firstname.lastname@example.com. Please discuss articles of interest with the authors before publishing stories on their work, and please make reference to GEOLOGY in articles published. Contact Ann Cairns for additional information or other assistance.
Non-media requests for articles may be directed to GSA Sales and Service, firstname.lastname@example.com.
Late Paleozoic tropical climate response to Gondwanan deglaciation
Christopher J. Poulsen, University of Michigan, Department of Geological Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; et al. Pages 771-774.
The Late Paleozoic ice age, one of the most severe glaciations in Earth history, came to an end in the Permian. Poulsen et al. use numerical climate-biome models to demonstrate that the deglaciation of high-latitude Gondwana likely had an enormous impact on tropical climate and environments. Climate model results indicate that the deglaciation of Gondwana may have led to warming, aridification, and desertification of equatorial Pangea. These model results are consistent with Late Paleozoic proxies of climate change, and imply a tight linkage between high- and low-latitude climate change.
Short-term changes in seafloor character due to flood-derived hyperpycnal discharge: Typhoon Mindulle, Taiwan, July 2004
J.D. Milliman, College of William and Mary, School of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062-1346, USA; et al. Pages 779-782.
Torrential rains associated with typhoon Mindulle in early July 2004 caused the Choshui River in western Taiwan to discharge to the Taiwan Strait more than 70 million tons of sediment in three days--about half the annual amount discharged by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. Seismic and sedimentological data obtained before and after the typhoon indicate that the sediment was first deposited adjacent to the river mouth and then re-suspended and deposited as a discontinuous band of mud along northwestern Taiwan. Within one month most of the mud had been eroded (most likely transported northward by the Taiwan Warm Current), suggesting that although the immediate impact of floods off coastal Taiwan is considerable, flood-related deposits may last only a few weeks.
Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems
Jacob A. Covault, Stanford University Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford, California 94305-2115, USA; et al. pages 783-786.
Sediment and pollutants are brought to oceans by rivers and transported through the coastal zone. Early work suggested that transport of material to deep-marine basins is less important during interglacial periods of high sea level, such as at present. Covault et al.'s work offshore Southern California, however, shows that the amount of sediment transported to deep-marine basins is approximately constant regardless of sea level, but the pathways of transport are different.
Quantitative model for magma degassing and ground deformation (bradyseism) at Campi Flegrei, Italy: Implications for future eruptions
Robert J. Bodnar, Virginia Polytechnic Insititute, Department of Geosciences, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA; et al. Pages 791-794.
The Campi Flegrei area in southern Italy has been volcanically active for at least 50,000 years. Today Campi Flegrei is characterized by numerous low-magnitude earthquakes and continuous fumarolic activity. Associated with this activity is a slow, episodic meter-scale uplift and deflation of the ground surface that is referred to as bradyseism. Some researchers associate this ground movement with emplacement of new magma into the inferred magma chamber at depth, and suggest that magma emplacement (and uplift) may presage a future volcanic eruption in this area that is home to over two million people. Periods of uplift and deflation have been documented for over 2000 years, and only in 1538 did an eruption follow a period of uplift. Bodnar et al. propose that periods of uplift at Campi Flegrei are associated with the crystallization of a volatile-bearing magma at depth, and that the energy to lift the ground surface is provided by hydrothermal fluids that boil and expand in the deep subsurface. According to this model, uplift and volcanic activity are not linked, and periods of active bradyseism do not necessarily indicate that an eruption is imminent.
Age and source constraints for the giant Muruntau gold deposit, Uzbekistan, from coupled Re-Os-He isotopes in arsenopyrite
Ryan Morelli, University of Alberta, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada; et al. pages 795-798.
Determining the absolute timing of mineralization is a critical, but problematic, aspect for understanding the origin of metallic ore deposits--the ore minerals in these deposits are not amenable to direct isotope dating using common methods. Morelli et al used radioactive isotope dating, using the rare elements rhenium and osmium (Re-Os) in arsenopyrite, to establish the age of gold mineralization at the giant Muruntau gold deposit, Uzbekistan (>5100 metric tons gold) to be 287.5 ± 1.7 Ma (millions of years before present). These results suggest a possible link between gold mineralization and intrusion into the crust of ca. 290 Ma regional granitoid magmas. This temporal association was previously clouded because commonly used geochronometers are unable to accurately and/or precisely date the gold mineralizing event directly. Isotopic compositions of Os and helium provide important new constraints on potential metal and fluid sources to the deposit, including a small but detectable mantle contribution to the ore system. These new results provide a more comprehensive understanding of one of Earth's giant gold accumulations, and rule out several current hypotheses for its origin.
Mesoproterozoic carbon dioxide levels inferred from calcified cyanobacteria
Linda C. Kah, University of Tennessee, Department of Geological Sciences, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; and and Robert Riding, School of Earth, Ocean, and Planetary Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3YE, UK. Pages 799-802.
Determining the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ancient atmosphere remains a critical hurdle to understanding Earth surface temperatures, compositional changes in atmospheric chemistry, and the evolution of Earth's earliest biosphere. Kah and Riding report the finding of petrographic fabrics in 1.2-billion-year-old carbonate strata that suggest the process of cyanobacterial calcification. When ambient atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) concentrations fall below roughly 10 times present atmospheric levels (PAL), cyanobacteria begin to use a combination of dissolved carbonate species (CO32- and HCO3-) in the photosynthetic production of organic matter. The cyanobacteria, however, must perform a series of biochemical gymnastics to utilize HCO3- in this process. As a byproduct of these biochemical changes, the pH of the microbial sheath rises dramatically and induces the precipitation of calcium carbonate minerals. Identification of these calcified sheaths in the geologic record thus place an upper limit on pCO2. Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 <10 times PAL in the Mesoproterozoic are significantly lower than previous estimates, and indicate the requirement of additional greenhouse gasses, such as methane, in the atmosphere to keep the oceans from freezing.
Cryptic meteoric diagenesis in freshwater bivalves: Implications for radiocarbon dating
Gregory E. Webb, Queensland University of Technology, School of Natural Resource Sciences, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; et al. Pages 803-806.
Webb et al. present some surprising data that have implications for carbon dating of rocks. Such dating techniques are critical for understanding recent climate change, the extinction of Pleistocene mammals, and early archaeology. The technique works by measuring the amount of radioactive decay in some carbon atoms that are taken into an organism or a skeleton during the life of the organism. As carbon is no longer taken in after the organism dies, the amount of decay can indicate how much time has passed since the organic matter was alive - thereby dating the material. However, the technique requires that no additional carbon be added to the material after the death of the organism. For clam shells, carbon is commonly added in the form of subsequent cements, but the cements are easy to recognize because they are a different mineral than the original clam (i.e., calcite instead of aragonite). Webb et al. have found clams that contain cements that were formed in unusual groundwater with high magnesium contents, which caused the cements to form as aragonite, like in the original shell. Hence, they are very difficult to recognize by traditional methods. Thus, although the cements cause the radiocarbon ages to be erroneous, the presence of the cements could escape detection, allowing the erroneous dates to be accepted as genuine. Such clams should be vetted using tools such as scanning electron microscopy before radiocarbon dates are accepted uncritically.
Sediment mixing and stratigraphic disorder revealed by the age-structure of Tellina shells in Great Barrier Reef sediment
Matthew A. Kosnik, 6330 Sana'a Place, Dulles, VA 20189, USA; et al. Pages 811-814.
Coral reefs, one of the world's most charismatic ecosystems, are currently threatened by a variety of human impacts, and biologists have been studying them for only a few decades. Thus, the sedimentary record is the best option for adding historical perspective to questions in reef conservation biology. Kosnik et al. used dating techniques to examine the accumulation of dead shells in shallow-water Great Barrier Reef sediments. The top 20 centimeters of sediment was dominated by living clams, while the meter of sediment below that was thoroughly mixed on a sub-century scale. Kosnik et al. also found that small shells were more likely to be destroyed quickly leading to a size-biased death assemblage and that large shells are more likely to be buried quickly creating a size-biased age structure within lagoonal sediments. This study provides an important context for paleoecological studies in shallow-water reef systems, and emphasizes the importance of sediment mixing in these environments.
Physical and chemical evidence of the 1850 Ma Sudbury impact event in the Baraga Group, Michigan
Peir K. Pufahl, Acadia University, Earth and Environmental Science, Wolfville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada; et al. Pages 827-830.
A catastrophic extraterrestrial impact 1850 million years ago produced the Sudbury crater, the second largest known impact site on Earth. Pufahl et al.'s discovery of debris in northern Michigan, USA, produced from this impact has provided new information regarding the nature of this event. A prominent iridium anomaly in impact-generated tsunami deposits containing shocked quartz, spherules, tektites, and accretionary lapilli demonstrate that the extraterrestrial body was a meteorite and not a comet, as previously proposed. The Sudbury event was larger than those responsible for later major extinction events, and may prove important in the evolution of early life on Earth.
Desert speleothems reveal climatic window for African exodus of early modern humans
Anton Vaks, Hebrew University, Institute of Earth Sciences, Edmond Safra Givat Ram Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; et al. pages 831-834.
The African origin of early modern humans 200,000-150,000 years ago is now well documented, with archaeological data suggesting that a major migration from tropical east Africa to the Levant took place between 130,000 and 100,000 years ago via the presently hyper-arid Saharan-Arabian desert. This migration was dependent on the occurrence of wetter climate in the region. Whereas there is good evidence that the southern and central Saharan-Arabian desert experienced increased monsoon precipitation during this period, no unequivocal evidence has been found for a corresponding rainfall increase in the northern part of the migration corridor, including the Sinai-Negev land bridge between Africa and Asia. Passage through this "bottleneck" region would have been dependent on the development of suitable climate conditions. Vaks et al. present a reconstruction of paleoclimate in the Negev Desert based on absolute uranium series dating of carbonate cave deposits (speleothems). Speleothems only form when rainwater enters the groundwater system and vegetation grows above a cave. Today the climate in the Negev Desert is very arid and speleothems do not form, but their presence in a number of caves clearly indicates that conditions were wetter in the past. Vaks et al. dated 33 speleothem samples from five caves in the central and southern Negev Desert. The ages of these speleothems show that the last main period of increased rainfall occurred between 140,000 and 110,000 years ago. The climate during this time consisted of episodic wet events that enabled the deserts of the northeastern Sahara, Sinai, and the Negev to become more hospitable for the movement of early modern humans. The simultaneous occurrence of wet periods in the northern and southern parts of Saharan-Arabian desert could have led to the disappearance of the desert barrier between central Africa and the Levant. The humid period in the Negev Desert between 140,000 and 110,000 years ago was preceded and followed by essentially unbroken arid conditions; thus creating a climatic "window" for early modern human migration to the Levant. Vaks et al.'s study suggest that climate change had an important limiting role in the timing of dispersal of early modern humans out of Africa.
Neotethyan Late Cretaceous volcanic arc hydrothermal vent fauna
Crispin T.S. Little, University of Leeds, School of Earth and Environment, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT; UK; et al. Pages 835-838.
Deep-sea hydrothermal vents support communities of animals that depend on hydrogen sulphide, rather than sunlight, for their energy. Many of the most dominant animals in these communities have symbiotic relationships with bacteria, including giant tube worms. Ancient vent communities are very rare, but provide important insight into biological evolution in this challenging ecosystem. Little et al. decribe a newly discovered Cretaceous vent community from a metal ore deposit in the Republic of Georgia, which is the first to be identified from an ancient volcanic arc setting, and is very likely the shallowest ancient example yet found. The fauna consists of worm tube fossils and is one of three examples that occurred over a time span of roughly 6 million years in an area of the Neotethyan Ocean that was as tectonically complex as the present day west Pacific Ocean.
Supercontinent cycles disrupted by strong mantle plumes
Benjamin R. Phillips, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; and Hans-Peter Bunge, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig Maximillians University, Munich, D-80333, Munich, Germany. Pages 847-850.
Supercontinent cycles are a poorly understood, but paramount, process in shaping Earth's surface. Geologic evidence strongly supports the existence of the supercontinent Pangea 200 million years ago. Alleged earlier supercontinents such as Rodinia (roughly 1 billion years ago) and Columbia (roughly 1.8 billion years ago) suggest that continents do aggregate and disperse in some cyclical fashion. However, there is currently no theoretical basis for the regularity of such cycles. Phillips and Bunge present numerical models of mantle convection with continents in a spherical geometry that show that periodic supercontinent cycles are unlikely to occur if hot plumes rising from the base of the mantle are of sufficient strength. This could have implications for the interpretation of global mountain building episodes, the stability of Earth's rotation axis, flood basalt generation, and even global climate events.
Long-range and long-term fault interactions in Southern California
James F. Dolan, University of Southern California, Department of Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0740, USA; et al. pages 855-858.
Paleoseismological data suggest the occurrence of four bursts of seismic moment release in the Los Angeles region during the past 12,000 years. The historic period appears to be part of an ongoing lull that has persisted for about the past 1000 years. These periods of rapid seismic displacement in the Los Angeles region have occurred during the lulls between similar bursts of activity observed on the eastern California shear zone in the Mojave Desert, which is now seismically active. A kinematic model in which the faults of the greater San Andreas system suppress activity on faults in the eastern California shear zone, and vice versa, can explain the apparent switching of activity between the two fault networks. Combined with the observation that short-term geodetic and longer-term geologic rates co-vary on major southern California fault systems, this suggests that either (1) a temporal cluster of seismic displacements on upper-crustal faults increases ductile deformation on their downward extensions, or (2) rapid ductile slip in the lower crust beneath faults loads the upper crust, driving a seismic cluster. We suggest that alternating periods of rapid seismic displacement may be the expected mode of seismicity when two fault systems accommodate the same plate-boundary motion, and slip on one system suppresses slip on the other.
Late Holocene strike-slip offset of a subsurface channel interpreted from three-dimensional seismic data, eastern offshore Trinidad
M. David Soto, Paul Mann (corresponding author), University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Geophysics, Austin, TX 78759, USA; et al. Pages 859-862.
Mann et al. used three-dimensional seismic data off the east coast of Trinidad to map the main South America-Caribbean plate boundary strike-slip fault that was known from previous onland GPS and fault-trenching studies in Trinidad. The offshore mapping shows that the fault has right laterally offset a buried fluvial channel by a distance of 322-506 meters. The channel is inferred to have formed when sea level was much lower during the Last Glacial Maximum at about 30,000 years ago. Combining the offset amount with the inferred age of the channel, a long-term slip of 17-19 mm/yr can be calculated. The earthquake hazard of this fault is significant because it accommodates most of the lateral strike-slip displacement between the South America and Caribbean plates.
OPEN ACCESS: Research Focus
Paleoseismology: Why can't earthquakes keep on schedule" Robert S. Yeats, Earth Consultants International, Tustin, CA, 92780, USA, and Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. http://www.gsajournals.org/perlserv/"request=get-document&doi=10.1130%2Ffocus092007.1
Blue Nile incision on the Ethiopian Plateau: Pulsed plateau growth, Pliocene uplift, and hominin evolution
Nahid DS Gani, Energy and Geoscience Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA; et al.
More than three million years ago, early hominins evolved the ability to walk upright and in doing so started us along the evolutionary path that eventually gave rise to Homo sapiens. It was Darwin who first suggested that a change of climate, giving rise to vast, arid, savannahs, may have spurred on human evolution all those millions of years ago. But what caused that change of climate" Could the formation of one of Earth's most spectacular landscapes, the Ethiopian Plateau, have been responsible for development of the great African grasslands" And if so, what were the geological processes that led to the formation of the plateau" To answer these questions, Nahid DS Gani of the University of Utah and colleagues turned to some of the most advanced technology that our species has yet produced - the Space Shuttle. By integrating radar topography data collected by the space shuttle with field observations, Gani and colleagues have placed tight constraints on the topographic evolution of the Ethiopian Plateau. Their results indicate that rapid uplift of the plateau began about six million years ago and was related to the development of large shield volcanoes that erupted great volumes of basalt. These findings suggest that plateau formation resulted from the presence of a hot plume of mantle pushing up against the base of the African continent. The timing of plateau formation coincides with and is therefore probably related to the change in climate that gave rise to the African savannahs and ultimately to human evolution. Ironically, Gani and colleagues had to turn to outer space to determine that the geological processes that spurred on human evolution lay deep within Earth's mantle.
To review the abstracts for these articles, go to www.gsajournals.org. View the complete table of contents for the current issue of GEOLOGY at www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/"request=get-current-toc&issn=0091-7613.


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Fellowship is a multi-congregational church, which means that we are One Church composed of four distinct congregations equipped with a training center. Our congregations gather at two different locations throughout the weekend to celebrate who God is and what He has done and to mature as followers of Christ. For help in choosing the right congregation for you and your family, please visit I'm New.
Come Worship With Us - we want to meet you!
We Gather In Community
Understanding that the church is not a place, but the people who visit it, we encourage our people to carry the story of God's grace with them throughout the week where they live, work, and play. Participation in a small group is a critical part of accomplishing that goal. If you have made Fellowship your home church, but are not involved in a small group, you are missing out on what Fellowship is all about!
Choose your congregation above and get plugged in.
Fellowship Bible Church exists to foster life-change. Every congregation and small group, every ministry, camp, retreat, class, and trip has this vision in mind. Check out stories of how Jesus is changing the heart and soul of His people in Northwest Arkansas and the world!
Equipping Released Leaders
Our Vision // To change the heart and soul of Northwest Arkansas and the world.


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Most people celebrate New Years the night before, and stay up to watch the new year ring in at midnight. This is a wonderful time to be with your friends and family. It is tradition to be with those you are close to during this time. You may even want to throw a party yourself. When people attend your party, you will want to wish them a happy New Years Eve. You should have snacks for everyone to have, champagne, and plates and glasses at least. You will want to make sure that your guests have everything they would need to have a fun evening. You may want to provide a meal as well.
You May Also Like:
Happy New Years Eve 2016 Quotes.
Happy New Years Eve 2016 Clock.


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In 1998 I created a new ideology called Raugh- which was meant to embrace "Human Nature." A few "Rules of Raugh" are: Raugh surface should absorb or camouflage dirt, rather than reveal it. and Because all possessions ultimately break down or wear out, a Raugh object must deteriorate beautifully. Yet another dictate is Raugh is absolutely comfortable. So since moving into A-Z West I've been prototyping a series of different kinds of Raugh furniture. The latest, this carved foam daybed/sofa was probably completed only a year ago (or maybe even more recently). And now both the theory and function of Raugh are coming under severe testing by the dog Poppy and cat Thunder Angel.
After the first few scratches I convinced myself that it made the foam look better and more like granite (which was actually sort of true) – but then pushing the standard of elegant deterioration to it's furthest extreme, Poppy and Thunder both continued to gouge at the foam until it was totally shredded, and visiting guests no longer bounded over to give it's softness and enthusiastic try.
Finally it was time for the old foam to go into storage, to be replaced by crisp new chunks – covered (for now) with a hide that seems to offer at lest some protection from claws and paws. But is this new version Raugh enough? That I'm not quite sure of….


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A Beloved and Famous Chincoteague Island Bed and Breakfast
Miss Molly's Inn is a sweet and charming seven bedroom Victorian Bed and Breakfast on Virginia's Chincoteague Island. We are located on historic Main Street, minutes from shops, restaurants, and many other local attractions. Chincoteague (pronounced Shink-o-teeg) is the gateway to Assateague Island, a 37 mile uninhabited National Seashore and Wildlife Refuge and home to the famous wild ponies.
Our Chincoteague Island Bed and Breakfast has five wonderful porches to savor the sea breezes. We have rocking chairs, loungers and even a hammock on our large second floor deck that overlooks the working bay. Indulge in tea, coffee, cookies and home-baked goodies, available 24 hours a day in our lovely screened in porch. Enjoy the hollyhocks and roses in our beautiful English garden, watch the mother ducks with their ducklings as seagulls soar above.
Here at Miss Molly's you will appreciate the genuine charm of an old fashioned inn, as did Marguerite Henry, whilst she wrote her famous book Misty of Chincoteague. Whether you choose to venture out and enjoy the many activities that the island has to offer or to just relax and rejuvenate, you will be pleased you chose Miss Molly's.


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I have recently unlocked the Zen Garden, but there are only 3 plants for sale in the shop and there is tons of empty room in the garden. How do I fill up the garden?
Also, I have 2 grave-eating plants in my garden that just kind of appeared with no action taken on my part. Why did this happen?


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Leaks from carbon dioxide injected deep underground could bubble up into drinking water aquifers near the surface, driving up levels of contaminants in the water tenfold or more in some places, according to a study by Duke University scientists.
Based on a year-long analysis of core samples from four drinking water aquifers, "We found the potential for contamination is real, but there are ways to avoid or reduce the risk," said Robert B. Jackson, Nicholas Professor of Global Environmental Change and professor of biology at Duke.
"Geologic criteria that we identified in the study can help identify locations around the country that should be monitored or avoided," he said. "By no means would all sites be susceptible to problems of water quality."
The study appears in the online edition of the journal Environmental Science & Technology,.
Storing carbon dioxide deep below Earth's surface, a process known as geosequestration, is part of a suite of new carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies being developed by governments and industries worldwide to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions entering Earth's atmosphere. The still-evolving technologies are designed to capture and compress CO2, emissions at their source ─ typically power plants and other industrial facilities ─ and transport the CO2 to locations where it can be injected far below the Earth's surface for long-term storage. The U.S. Department of Energy, working with industry and academia, has begun the planning for at least seven regional CCS projects.
"The fear of drinking water contamination from CO2 leaks is one of several sticking points about CCS and has contributed to local opposition to it," said Jackson, who directs Duke's Center on Global Change. "We examined the idea that if CO2 leaked out slowly from deep formations, where might it negatively impact freshwater aquifers near the surface, and why."
Jackson and postdoctoral fellow Mark G. Little collected core samples from four freshwater aquifers around the nation that overlie potential CCS sites and incubated the samples in their lab at Duke for a year, with CO2 bubbling through them.
After a year's exposure to the CO2, analysis of the samples showed that "there are a number of potential sites where CO2 leaks drive contaminants up tenfold or more, in some cases to levels above the maximum contaminant loads set by the EPA for potable water," Jackson said. Three key factors ─ solid-phase metal mobility, carbonate buffering capacity and electron exchanges in the overlying freshwater aquifer ─ were found to influence the risk of drinking water contamination from underground carbon leaks.
The study also identified four markers that scientists can use to test for early warnings of potential carbon dioxide leaks. "Along with changes in carbonate concentration and acidity of the water, concentrations of manganese, iron and calcium could all be used as geochemical markers of a leak, as their concentration increase within two weeks of exposure to CO2," he said.
The study was funded by the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory and Duke's Center on Global Change.


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New Guwahati Bamunimaidan Guwahati 781021 View On Map
Guwahati Food Point offers Dry Bamboo Shoot half at Rs. 140/- and full at Rs. 270/- only in Guwahati Order Now!
Do you want to receive special deals and offers from Guwahati Food Point?
Daily Download limit reached! Do you want to alert Guwahati Food Point to receive Catalogue?
Do you want This Company to call you?


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This outfit can be worked just 24 inches from the spectator's nose. Show the Chest and Tube empty, then pull out yards of Silks or Spring Animals! Limited only by your imagination. The bright anodized aluminum grill work does the trick! This smart looking chest, 13 inches high by 7 1/2 inches square, has no top or bottom. Deceptive even under strong light or daylight. A class outfit you will enjoy. Flat wood Base included. Cabinet & Gimmick Tube absorbs light to the max! One of Mak's Nicest pieces manufactured.
- By far one of my favorite illusions that I have purchased to date. The craftsmanship and quality is superb! It has become one of the staple effects in my children's act. Hands down 5/5 Stars! - Jason B.
Do you own this product? Write a review.


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"It's Daejeon"means that "the most livable city" is Daejeon.
It's is derived from the initial letters of interesting, tradition and culture, and science and technology, symbolizing the center of cutting-edge technology.
The basic concept of 'Variety of Daejeon' is based on Daejeon's various geographic, human, economic, social, and cultural assets. The word mark of the brand slogan is a natural and dynamic handwriting example, expressing the images of an open city, a city of variety, and a future city in an interesting and sophisticated way.
This is to approach people from around the world as a more friendly and interesting city, avoiding an authoritarian and conservative attitude. Various colors are used to emotionally communicate with people by showing the gentle and comfortable image of blossoming flowers.
Overall, it expresses the images of an eco-friendly city, rich cultural city, and future-oriented city in an artistic way.


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Episode 6
Season 3 Episode 6 | 51m 49s
It's Gerry's 13th birthday, but party-planner Louisa has failed to notice that he's an adolescent now. Meanwhile, it's Gerry's party, but Spiros will cry if he wants to! See The Durrells in Corfu, Episode 6, Sunday, Nov. 4, 2018, 8/7c on MASTERPIECE on PBS. #DurrellsPBS
Aired: 11/04/18
Expires: 11/17/22Video has closed captioning.


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Digital logs of Moonalice's "It's 4:20 Somewhere" to be housed in the library and archives
Library and Archives to begin acquiring music-related digital assets as part of its historically significant collection of rock and roll material
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame announced that the digital logs for Moonalice's "It's 4:20 Somewhere" have been acquired for the Library and Archives. Libraries and archives collect, preserve and provide access to the materials that best capture important moments and movements in history, regardless of format, and the Moonalice logs help tell the story of music's digital revolution; specifically the rise of direct-from-artist (DFA) distribution.
Moonalice is the first band without a label to achieve one million downloads of a song from its own servers, direct-from-artist. "It's 4:20 Somewhere" has been downloaded over two million times.
"We are grateful that Moonalice is donating these items to our permanent collection," said Terry Stewart, President and CEO of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. "As more and more content is being created digitally and the physical becomes more ephemeral, it is essential that libraries and archives treat digital assets like any other historical material."
Over the next several months, the Library and Archives will complete its digital asset management system in order to handle all digital formats, from electronic documents to born-digital photographs, audio and video files. Upon completion, Moonalice's digital logs will be available for use at the Library and Archives through the online catalog.
"We are honored that the digital logs for 'It's 4:20 Somewhere' are to be included in the Library and Archives historical collections," said Roger McNamee, founding member of Moonalice. "Ever since the beginning of pop music, technology has enabled artists to change the world, whether it was the introduction of LP records, stereo sound or subwoofers," he said. "Today we have the iPhone, the iPad and social networks that allow artists to create and distribute a wide variety of music-related products on their own. At no other time in the history of music have the creative opportunities offered by technology afforded artists such a bounty of innovative ways to explore their craft and share their music."
Since its release in November 2010, Moonalice has recorded two million direct downloads of "It's 4:20 Somewhere," making it the first multiplatinum track to be downloaded directly from a band's own website. The band's revolutionary use of technology, including the new MoonTunes™ player enables their fans to watch concerts, listen to songs or shows, and see all 500 Moonalice posters is an example of how artists are revolutionizing the distribution of music. The band also invented such applications as Twittercast concerts, where it shares links to songs for an entire show, either live or after the fact on Twitter's Moonalice Radio or via live Moonbeam (video) concerts and the Couch Tour on moonalice.com.
Founded in 2007, Moonalice's roster of seasoned musicians includes John Molo: Drums, Vocals; Barry Sless: Lead Guitar, Pedal Steel Guitar, Bass; Ann McNamee: Keyboards, Vocals; Pete Sears: Bass, Keyboards, Guitar, Vocals; Roger McNamee: Rhythm Guitar, Vocals, Bass and Big Steve Parish: Road Scholar/Medicine Man/Storyteller.
On the web, Moonalice can be found at http://www.moonalice.com, as well as on Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/moonalice) and Twitter (https://twitter.com/moonalice).
About the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc. is the nonprofit organization that exists to educate visitors, fans and scholars from around the world about the history and continuing significance of rock and roll music. It carries out this mission through its operation of a world-class museum that collects, preserves, exhibits and interprets this art form and through its library and archives as well as its educational programs.
The Museum is open seven days a week from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. On Wednesdays (and Saturdays through Labor Day), the Museum is open until 9 p.m. Museum admission is $22 for adults, $18 for adult residents of Greater Cleveland, $17 for seniors (65+), $13 for youth (9-12), children under 8 and Museum Members are always free, for information or to join the membership program call 216. 515.8425. For general inquiries please call 216.781.ROCK (7625) or visit www.rockhall.com. The Museum is generously funded by Cuyahoga County residents through Cuyahoga Arts and Culture.


text: Insist on a Home Inspection Posted on February 6, 2020 - 05:56 AM by Angi McFarland A professional home inspection protects both you and the buyer. It allows both you and the buyer the opportunity to learn about the property's defects. A home inspection usually covers the following: Plumbing conditions - if there is leakage or ... Read more


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SKF sealed spherical roller bearings increase service life by 100%
The challenge
A coalmine operator was extracting 600 million tonnes of material annually and returning 500 million tonnes of non-lignite material to the extraction site. The process involved 250 km of conveyors, with the longest conveyor section about 5,6 km. Each section included approximately 40 bearing positions in head and tail pulleys and bend rolls. The operation utilized open cylindrical roller bearings that saw frequent premature failure due to grit and contaminants. To keep them operating required large amounts of grease, presenting concerns involving disposal and environmental regulations.
The solution
At the recommendation of SKF application specialists, the open cylindrical roller bearings were replaced with SKF sealed spherical roller bearings. The housings were filled with grease, and a labyrinth seal was added at the end of the roller.
The resultThe SKF sealed bearings lasted more than four full years – a 100 % increase in service life over the original open bearings. Grease disposal costs were also reduced, while bearing mounting times were cut in half.
Performance comparison bearing service life
|Previous solution
|SKF solution
|Open cylindrical roller bearing
|Sealed spherical roller bearing 23228
|Approx. 2 years (730 days)
|4 years +100 % improvement


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Chuck's Final Set of Reviews for Anthology Volume 1 Nominees
We've made it! Chuck's last round of feedback on an entire year of top selections. Below, you'll find the last set of semi-finalists for Anthology Volume 1. Congratulations to all included! In the weeks ahead, we'll find out which stories make the final cut for our print anthology.
For the protection of the work, the stories below are made available to Workshop Members only. If you're a member, you may click inside and read these at your leisure. You'll find loads of great lessons on the writer's craft within. So read on.
The last set of semi-finalists include:
Tiger, Tiger - B.H. Ebert
Carousels - Austin James
Engines, O-Rings, and Astronauts - Jason M. Fylan
Little Toy Soldiers - Dan Lobo
Phantom Pain - Tony Liebhard
Revenge - Davey Watts
If you'd like to participate in our ground-breaking workshop, read exclusive How-To craft essays from Chuck and maybe have your shot at Anthology Volume 2...


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The race to decide Chattanooga's next mayor has looked, at times, more like a coronation than an election. While it's true that Andy Berke has raised a tremendous amount of money and receives overwhelming attention from the media, he is not the best person for the job. Guy Satterfield is.
The Free Press strongly endorses Satterfield to become the next mayor of Chattanooga.
Satterfield has four decades of public works experience in Chattanooga, including 33 years of service at the Moccasin Bend Wastewater Treatment Plant. His extensive knowledge of sewer and wastewater infrastructure prepares him better than anyone to tackle Chattanooga's most pressing challenge: repairing the city's flawed sewer system in response to the $250 million consent decree slapped on Chattanooga by the federal government.
Satterfield also plans to take on crime, confront government waste and corruption, make the city budget more taxpayer-friendly and improve Chattanooga's business climate.
According to Satterfield, "The city does not have a revenue problem; it has a spending problem." It's hard to argue the point. During Mayor Ron Littlefield's eight years in office, the city's annual general fund budget has exploded from $150 million to nearly $210 million - a rise of 39 percent, during a time when inflation increased just 17 percent.
No candidate has been more detailed at pointing out ways to trim wasteful city spending and streamline departments that could be operated more efficiently and effectively than Satterfield. Specifically, he plans to return the discredited Education, Arts and Culture Department to the oversight of the Parks and Recreation Department. Satterfield also proposes leasing the Memorial Auditorium and Tivoli Theatre to private operators, saving city taxpayers hundreds of thousands annually.
Satterfield vows to eliminate Littlefield's unproductive Office of Multicultural Affairs, and trim unnecessary positions in the mayor's office, including the deputy mayor.
Satterfield says the city's police department "has been gutted" in recent years. In order to meet the city's law enforcement needs, he proposes to grow the police force by working to draw more qualified people into the police academy. He also plans to deal with high turnover in the department by improving morale among police through making good on pay increases that were promised, but never awarded.
Perhaps the most appealing plank of Satterfield's impressive platform is his pledge not to raise property taxes. Satterfield makes it clear that the city government already has more than enough money to do everything it should be doing and does not need to take additional money from struggling taxpayers.
Satterfield's promise to not increase property taxes as mayor is in stark contrast to Andy Berke's stance on taxes. In an editorial board interview with the Times Free Press Berke said tax increases are on the table.
After being criticized for failing to provide details about his platform and specifics about his goals if elected mayor, the Free Press expected Berke to address a number of policy issues during the endorsement interview. Shockingly, he refused.
Berke spoke of "goals" for the city, but failed to outline them. He claimed to have a "comprehensive crime policy," but wouldn't go into specifics. Platitudes about "accountability," "priorities" and "vision" poured from Berke's mouth, but they were accompanied by no actual ideas to back them up.
Perhaps Berke is hiding his plans for Chattanooga until after the election in the belief that if he told voters what he actually hopes to accomplish, most would never vote for him. Maybe he plans to become mayor, then leverage the post into a higher office - following in the footsteps of Bob Corker, Phil Bredesen and Bill Haslam - and has failed to consider the needs of the city and is ill-equipped to develop policies to address them. Whatever the case, Berke's evasiveness about what he would do as mayor is unnerving.
Until Berke is willing to present his goals and outline plans to accomplish those objectives, he is simply not someone that any Chattanoogan should be comfortable electing as mayor.
Berke is bright. He has experience. But he is not the best candidate - and he would not make the best mayor. Guy Satterfield, with his responsible platform of specific, attainable ambitions for Chattanooga should be elected on March 5 to lead our city.
McGary for District 8 City Council
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Union Army Recruits in Black Regiments in the United States, 1862-1865: [Instructional Materials] (ICPSR 3466)
Version Date: Feb 27, 2004 View help for published
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s)
James W. Oberly, University of Wisconsin-Eau-Claire.
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These instructional materials were prepared for use with UNION ARMY RECRUITS IN BLACK REGIMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1862-1865 (ICPSR 9426), compiled by Jacob Metzer and Robert A. Margo. The data file and accompanying documentation are provided to assist educators in instructing students about the demographic, military, and medical history of African-American men who volunteered for service in the Union Army during the American Civil War. An instructor's handout has also been included. This handout contains the following sections, among others: (1) General goals for student analysis of quantitative datasets, (2) Specific goals in studying this dataset, (3) Suggested appropriate courses for use of the dataset, (4) Tips for using the dataset, and (5) Related secondary source readings. This data collection was designed to examine the characteristics of free Blacks and ex-slaves mustered into the Union Army between 1862 and the end of the Civil War. In addition to variables on personal characteristics (such as skin, eye, and hair color, height, age, birthplace, and occupation before enlistment), the data also contain Army-related variables (such as regiment and company number, rank, enlistment date and place, changes in rank, and date and cause of end of service).
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SIMI instructional modules are to be used at ICPSR member institutions only. They may not be redistributed without the express written permission of ICPSR.
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Data Collection Notes View help for Data Collection Notes
This collection was archived by ICPSR to promote the use of social science data in undergraduate and graduate education through the sharing of faculty-submitted ICPSR data-based instructional materials developed for use in the classroom.These materials were designed for use with AGRICULTURAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC RECORDS FOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN THE NORTH, 1860 (ICPSR 9426).
The data are provided as an SPSS portable file, which was created from the ASCII data available from ICPSR 9426.
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Judgmental sample of eight Black infantry regiments in the Union Army. The sample represents slightly under 5 percent of all Black troops and has wide regional coverage within the Southern states.
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All Black regiments in the Union Army.
Data Source View help for Data Source
Union Army Regimental Records
Method of Data Collection View help for Method of Data Collection
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Version History View help for Version History
- Oberly, James W. Union Army Recruits in Black Regiments in the United States, 1862-1865: [Instructional Materials]. ICPSR03466-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2004. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03466.v1
This study is intended for instructional use, and may be subsets of the original data. Variables and/or cases may have been removed to facilitate classroom use.
Data in this collection are available only to users at ICPSR member institutions.


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There's a fundamental disconnect between atheists and the word "atheist". Part of this is because there isn't complete agreement on what the word means.
Lack of belief in God's existence is more specific but still leaves the door open for interpretation because the phrase "lack of belief" is ambiguous. It might be a matter of degree or preponderance of evidence and not an absolute statement of disbelief. A more definitive position would leave no doubts:
It's been my experience that most long-time atheists do not deny God's existence and adopt a more scientific stance which is willing to consider any argument or evidence that might change their minds. They don't want to make claims they can't back up. They understand the need for rational integrity. Just as the unqualified claim of God's existence is an article of faith, so is the unqualified claim of God's nonexistence. There's no evidence either way. An atheist can claim that there is no evidence for God or the supernatural (and never has been) and that there's no compelling reason to believe there ever will be. But there is a possibility -- however vanishingly small -- that there could be. A creator God is not an impossible proposition given what we know thus far. Existence . . . whether it's God's, the universe's or ours -- is an ineffable mystery; the greatest mystery of all. Certainty is an illusion and a claim that science is careful to avoid. Our understanding of the universe has undergone multiple paradigm shifts and will experience more in the future.
Whether you're absolutely certain that God exists or does not exist, you're pretending to know facts you have no access to.
Views: 1162
Actually there is, given enough of a description, any contra-positive claim of existence is possible, if any part of the description deemed a necessity is disproved.
I'm discombobulated.I can't see otherwise.The words here in themself doesn't make any sense.Maybe I don't get it.
Here's a theory.Give me your take on this.
Man is confined by the laws of this Universe because he is a product of it.Whatever he thinks,imagines(let alone common sense) is confined to the fabric of space-time.He finds it difficult to even imagine what is there beyond our Universe because there is no space and time out there.Now suppose a god exists outside our Universe,a kind of god who created the initial conditions of our Universe and then left it to evolve on its own(this may sound like a fairy-tale but it's very much plausible).In this case,it's difficult to even make any description.
These are just my opinions and I personally don't believe in absolute,it's not that I don't want to take the burden of proof on my shoulders,its because I'm agnostic in nature,a vivid observer of science.The Principle of Uncertainty kicks my ass with much authority.
We'll have to agree to disagree, Richard.
"insist that theists have not met their burden of proof for their extraordinary claim(s)."
Atheist doesn't lay burden of proof, reason does.
"I believe most atheists are actually agnostics."
There's no one or the other, …they address different things.
Belief is not knowledge, knowledge negates both belief and disbelief, …no need for them if one knows.
"But it's NOT the definition of agnosticism that most people think of."
So what? …reality is not a popularity contest, neither is context.
"Now, if only we could find a formal definition of atheism that meets your stated requirements . . ."
Non-belief in god(s)
@Richard ∑wald,
Now, if only we could find a formal definition of atheism that meets your stated requirements . . .
My original OP dealt with the ambiguity of the word, "atheism". Part of that ambiguity is our inability to agree on what it SHOULD mean. Theists tend to identify atheists as God deniers. Atheists, in return, insist that theists have not met their burden of proof for their extraordinary claim(s). The stance of most atheists is conditional: predicated on the total lack of evidence or valid reason to base belief upon. Until that condition changes, there's no reason to believe in something nobody knows anything about.
Huxley coined the word, "agnosticism", so I'll defer to his definition. Based on his definition, I believe most atheists are actually agnostics. But remember: WE (not lexicographers) decide, by our usage, what words mean. If most atheists are actually agnostics who prefer the title of atheist, then we are, BY OUR USAGE, changing the definition of the word atheist.
Agnostics are commonly seen as "atheists without balls". Not by you or I, perhaps, but the perception is definitely out there. Atheists are commonly seen as "in your face" zealot know-it-alls. Not by you or I, perhaps, but the perception is definitely out there. I think most reasonable people don't want to be identified with either extreme: wimps or assholes. I, personally, would rather be an asshole than a wimp. But reasonable people also know the value of the uninformed opinion: nothing. So we identify with atheism because we're closer to denial of God than to mere doubt of God.
Although I defer to Huxley's definition of agnosticism, I also happen to agree with it. But it's NOT the definition of agnosticism that most people think of. And that's really what's most important: it's about what most people think of agnosticism -- not what the dictionary says it means. If literally up-to-date, the first definition of agnosticsim in the dictionary would be the one most commonly used; followed by the next most common, etc. And the same goes for the word, "atheism". If a dictionary's definition of atheism doesn't accommodate "agnostic atheists" like me (and many others), then it's not up-to-date.
I think you're more about nailing down definitive definitions for agnosticism and atheism. I say that's a futile effort.
Just to add (from your original post): "the phrase "lack of belief" is ambiguous."
You left out an important word, "in".
There are two types of "belief in/non-belief in" that apply to different propositions.
~ The Oxford Companion to Philosophy
The problem here isn't ambiguity, it's equivocation fallacy. Identifying and proving the fallacy eliminates the ambiguity.
Atheism: non-belief in* the existence of any creator deity(-cies) - moral agents(-cies).
* not to be confused with "commendatory", non-belief in.
Agnosticism: is not a creed but a method, the essence of which lies in the vigorous application of a single principle... Positively the principle may be expressed as in matters of intellect, do not pretend conclusions are certain that are not demonstrated or demonstrable."
~ T. H. Huxley, originator of the term; "agnosticism".
Venn Diagram (if you want concise):
You know what, Richard, I've read so many replies and have since slept 8 hours -- and I think I was misconstruing what you've previously said. Just to be sure I understand you, would you please state, in as few words as necessary, your definitions of (requirements for) agnosticism and atheism?
"And we still don't understand these fundamentals completely."
Of course not, this is why science is inherently agnostic, it has to be in order to be self-correcting. I would submit that any having an atheist (or theist) position on the existence of any creator deities - moral agencies, and claims to be not agnostic, either:
"The way you contrast subjectivity with objectivity (placing things in context) appears to make unwarranted assumptions. Objectivity is not synonymous with reality, truth or certainty."
Reality isn't what needs to be objective here at all (it's not what I was addressing), it's explicitly implied by context that it's the frame of reference itself that is objective, this defines the terms of reference.
As a label or identity, this is fine:
As a term of meaning within the context of identifying a position (color = frame of reference = dictates terms of reference) it is not.
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CINCINNATI, June 26 (UPI) -- Drew Stubbs socked a go-ahead homer in the in eighth inning Tuesday, salvaging a 4-3 Cincinnati Reds victory over Milwaukee.
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So, Paul Wiseman has announced his retirement to take up a coaching position with Canterbury.
Was wondering what people thought of him as a bowler? I don't think his record does his justice and thought he was a much better bowler than it shows.
How's his record been for Durham the past few years?


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Release Date: 1974 |
so this seriously never got any comments
Album Rating: 4.0comment. just because this is that fucking good more people need to see this on the news feed. great review as well you done a good job there..
another comment here. great review. great album
Wow. Awesome fucking album. 1974. To say this was influential is an understatement. Check it out guys/gals. This came out before Kraftwerk's Autobahn. Put down your Bored of Canada and kick it old school.
Album Rating: 5.0A great review. This album is very underrated yet so influential. You can understand why Eno wanted to work with them.
This album is very underrated. I love both of these bands and Brian Eno is quite possibly the best music producer of all time. He is the best in the ambient/krautrock field.
Album Rating: 3.5 | Sound OffSome of the best krautrock i've heard thus far.
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