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BEIRUT - Syrian rebels and regime forces fought their most intense clashes in weeks inside the heavily guarded capital of Damascus on Wednesday, activists said, with the sounds of shell blasts echoing through the downtown area and keeping many children home from school while residents hid in their houses.
The opposition fighters blasted army checkpoints with rifles and anti-aircraft guns while government forces shelled the eastern and southern suburbs, trying to repel a new insurgent effort to push the civil war into the heart of the capital, the anti-regime activists said.
Although bordered by rebellious suburbs that have seen fierce fighting, widespread clashes have remained mostly on the capital's edges, saving it from the destruction that has ravaged other major cities such as Aleppo and Homs.
The military of President Bashar has focused on securing the capital, and the dozens of rebels groups that have established footholds in Damascus suburbs have failed to form a united front, each fighting for its own area with little or no coordination with others.
Much of Wednesday's fighting was sparked by a push by a number of rebels groups in the northwestern neighborhood of Jobar, which is bisected by the Damascus ring road. Rebels, who control the area east of the road, launched attacks on army checkpoints in the regime-controlled western part to try to seize the road, one of the capital's most important thoroughfares.
They dubbed the operation "The Battle of Armageddon." It did not appear to be coordinated with rebel groups elsewhere in the city.
Videos posted online showed dozens of rebels collecting in the area with rifles and rocket-propelled grenade launchers as well as rebel attacks on army checkpoints with heavy-caliber machine guns mounted on pickup trucks. Intense gunfire was heard in the background of another video, while local mosques repeatedly broadcast "God is great" as a battle cry.
Rebels claimed to have seized at least one checkpoint near a prominent mosque on the ring road, but it was unclear where the front lines were late Wednesday. Rebels often abandon areas soon after seizing them, fearing government shelling and airstrikes.
The government responded by stopping traffic to the Abbasid roundabout on the neighborhood's western side and closing a number of roads nearby. Activists said the army also rained shells on rebel areas east of the city. Online videos showed repeated blasts in the nearby suburb of Arbeen sending up clouds of smoke.
"We woke up this morning to the sound of fierce battles," said a Jobar resident who had fled to another Damascus neighborhood. Speaking on condition of anonymity because he feared for his safety, he said it was not the first time he had fled fighting in the neighborhood.
"Every time there are battles, we flee and have to decide where to go," he said. "Sometimes we stay with relatives, sometimes with neighbors who fled before us."
Rebels also clashed with the army on both sides of the capital's southern boundary, including in the neighborhoods of Tadamon and Yarmouk. Residents of southern neighborhoods said they could hear blasts and see smoke rising from government shelling near the rebel-held suburb of Daraya.
The Britain-based activist group Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported clashes and shelling east and south of Damascus, saying at least 40 people were killed in and around the city.
The state news agency said the army was pursuing rebels in Jobar and other areas east of the city and had killed an unspecified number of them.
The sounds of the nearby violence terrified residents. Few cars were on the roads and many shops were closed.
In central Damascus, a coffee merchant named Waleed stood in front of his shop, listening to the blasts in the distance.
"Most of my neighbors have shut and gone home, and I'll shut too in a bit," he said, giving only his first name because of fears for his safety.
"How can these people keep shelling, and how many people have they killed?" he asked "May God punish the oppressor."
The Observatory also reported two car bomb blasts in the ancient city of Palmyra in central Syria. One targeted the local branch of Syria's military intelligence agency, killing at least 19 security officers and wounding many more. A second and apparently coordinated bomb hit another security office. Eight civilians were wounded in gunfire and explosions following the two attacks, the Observatory said.
An online video purportedly shot in Palmyra showed a huge grey mushroom cloud rising over the city.
All videos appeared genuine and corresponded to other reporting by The Associated Press.
The state news agency confirmed the blasts but said two suicide bombers blew up their cars near a garage, killing and wounded an unspecified number of people.
No one claimed responsibility for the blasts. Some rebel groups have acknowledged carrying out suicide attacks on government targets.
The government blamed the blasts on "terrorists" - its blanket term for the opposition.
Activists also reported fierce clashes near the northern city of Aleppo, where rebels have attacked army convoys heading to a military complex near the town of al-Safireh. At least 12 fighters were killed there, the Observatory said, while a shell attack on the nearby city of al-Bab killed five members of the same family.
More than 60,000 people have been killed since Syria's conflict started in March 2011. Some 700,000 people have fled to neighboring countries and more than 2 million remain displaced inside Syria.


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Herrera making most of brief stint with Brewers
PITTSBURGH -- Two or three days in the big leagues are better than none, Brewers utility man Elian Herrera said Friday.
Herrera, the last position player cut in Spring Training, hustled to Pittsburgh on Thursday after the Brewers placed first baseman Lyle Overbay on the paternity list. Herrera's flight landed in Pittsburgh at 4 p.m. ET, but by the time he got his bags and navigated to downtown, it was after 6 p.m.
He will make the return trip on Saturday or Sunday, depending on when Overbay returns.
"I can say it doesn't matter how short or long the time is," Herrera said. "Every time we are here, we are happy to be here. This is where we want to be, right? It doesn't matter if it's just for a short time, it's good to know that you are one of the first choices for them if something happens, and you can just come here."
There was a time in his career that Herrera resisted the utility role, but has since discovered its benefits. Claimed off waivers from the Dodgers last November, Herrera spent his first Spring Training with the Brewers proving his proficiency all over the diamond, including shortstop and center field. He's also a switch-hitter.
After appearing at five different positions in Spring Training, Herrera started games in center field, at second base and at first base during the first two weeks of Triple-A Nashville's season.
"I just like to be in the lineup, it doesn't matter where," Herrera said. "Before I started playing like that, I always wanted to just play one position. But when I started playing everywhere, I saw I was in the lineup almost every day. I was like, 'OK, it's going to be like that,' because I'm going to be in the lineup every day. For the last three years, I love the role I've been in."

subset: commoncrawl


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|Christchurch, New Zealand
|High School:
|Christ's College
|Engineering Sciences
|House Affiliation:
Senior • 2012
Named second-team All-Ivy ... Rowed for the varsity eight all season ... Helped the varsity eight take the bronze at the IRA National Championships, locking up the Crimson's second straight top-three national finish ... Contributed to the win at the H-Y Regatta completing a perfect dual season for the varsity eight and Harvard's fifth straight sweep of Yale ... Took second at the EARC Sprints, missing out on first by less than a half second to Brown and contributing to the Rowe Cup win ... Helped sweep Northeastern and take the Crimson's 15th consecutive Smith Cup ... Rowed in win over Navy and Penn at the Adams Cup ... Topped Princeton and MIT to take the Compton Cup ... Contributed to wins over Brown for the Stein Cup and Cornell ... Helped capture the Copley Cup at the San Diego Crew Classic.
Junior • 2011
Missed spring season due to injury.
Sophomore • 2010
Rowed in the varsity eight all spring, in the six and four seats, contributing to the Crimson's 7-1 dual record … Helped Harvard capture its seventh Ladies' Challenge Plate at the Royal Henley Regatta … Helped the Crimson win its 26th Eastern title, 26th Ivy League crown and 30th Rowe Cup at the EARC Sprints … Part of fourth-place varsity finish at IRA National Championships … Contributed to a third consecutive win at the 145th Harvard-Yale Regatta … Aided in fourth straight Compton Cup win against Princeton and MIT … Helped the Crimson win the Adams Cup against Navy and Penn for the 11th straight season … Contributed to the Crimson's 13th straight win over Northeastern for the Smith Cup and a dual win against Cornell.
Freshman • 2009
Member of the freshman eight that went undefeated in dual racing (7-0) … Won a silver medal at Sprints and the IRA National Championships.
Before Harvard
Lettered five times in rugby, three times in crew and twice in cricket ... Captain of the rugby team ... Member of New Zealand's men's eight Junior World Championship team.
Brother, James, competed for New Zealand at the World Junior Rowing Championships, placing first in 2006 and second in 2008.


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help & support
Webshop Support
Webshop FAQs - Webshop returns - Replacement parts - Shipping
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COLLEGE PARK, Md. – Former University of Maryland men's basketball head coach Gary Williams will officially be enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame Friday, Aug. 8, in Springfield, Mass. The enshrinement ceremony is scheduled to begin in the Springfield Symphony Hall at 6:30 p.m. and the event will be broadcasted live on NBA TV.
Also selected for induction into the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame , Williams will be the first coach in history to be selected to both institutions in the same year.
Joining Williams in the Class of 2014 is Immaculata University's AIAW National Championship teams of the early 1970s, Alonzo Mourning, Nolan Richardson, Mitch Richmond, Bob Leonard, Nat Clifton, Sarunas Marciulionis, Guy Rodgers and David Stern.
To be elected, finalists required 18 of 24 votes from the Honors Committee for election into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. The addition of the direct elect committees were incorporated into the election process to maintain a strong focus on keeping history on the forefront of the voting procedures and to preserve a balance between two eras of basketball.
Upon returning to the College Park campus in 1989, Gary Williams (Maryland '68) led his alma mater's basketball program from a period of troubled times to an era of national prominence during his 22 seasons at the helm from 1993-2011.
With 14 NCAA Tournament berths in his final 18 seasons, Williams and his staff garnered seven Sweet Sixteen appearances, a pair of consecutive Final Four showings, and the 2002 National Championship – the first of its kind in Maryland basketball history.
After leading the Terrapins to the Atlantic Coast Conference regular-season title in 2010, Williams was voted the league's Coach of the Year by the Atlantic Coast Sports Media Association. It was his second such award, as he was also honored in 2002.
With an all-time record of 461-252 (.646) as Maryland's head coach, Williams stands as the Terrapins all-time winningest head basketball coach. He passed Charles "Lefty" Driesell, who amassed 348 victories in 18 seasons from 1969 to 1986.
The rise of the Maryland program ran parallel with Williams' ascent among the most notable in the collegiate coaching fraternity. Williams was one of only five coaches to boast a string of 11 consecutive trips to the NCAA Tournament from 1994-2004. He produced at least 20 wins in a school-record eight straight seasons from 1996-97 to 2003-04.
Williams was heralded as the national and Atlantic Coast Conference Coach of the Year during the Terps' 2002 championship run.
In 2001, Williams became just the sixth coach since 1980 to direct his alma mater to the Final Four. A year later, he became the first coach since 1974 to guide his alma mater to a national title.
A former Terrapin point guard and 1968 graduate, Williams was a starter under coach Bud Millikan during the 1965, 1966 and 1967 seasons. He was the team captain as a senior and still lists one of his most memorable basketball moments as his experience as a spectator at the 1966 national championship game conducted at Maryland's legendary Cole Field House, between Texas Western and Kentucky.
Williams was hired by Maryland on June 13, 1989, inheriting a team that had won only nine games the year before and finished in last place in the ACC. Displaying his coaching abilities immediately, he helped the Terps to 19 wins while advancing to the second round of the National Invitation Tournament – and making him the first coach in school history to lead a team into the postseason in his first year.
Williams began his coaching career as a graduate student at Maryland under freshman coach Tom Davis. The 1969 freshman team finished with a 12-4 record as Williams bonded with Davis in a relationship that would serve him well as his coaching career progressed.
After earning a degree in business, he continued his coaching career as an assistant at Woodrow Wilson High School in Camden, N.J. After one year, he took over as the head coach and guided his first team to a perfect 27-0 record and the state title. Williams has called that season "the ultimate — there wasn't another game to win." Upon winning the NCAA West Region championship in 2001, he fondly recalled his championship at Camden as the "only other time I've ever got to cut down a net."
Williams spent one more year at Woodrow Wilson before accepting an invitation from Davis in 1972 to become an assistant at Lafayette College. While an assistant at Lafayette, Williams also served as the head soccer coach. In 1978, Williams accompanied Davis to Boston College. After one year there, Williams became the head coach at American University.
Williams immediately began making his mark at American. His 1981 squad set the still-standing school record for victories with a 24-6 mark, won the East Coast Conference championship, and played in the NIT. Williams was named the district coach of the year.
American returned to postseason play the next season as the Williams-led Eagles went 21-9 and played in the NIT for the second consecutive year. Only once prior to Williams' arrival had AU attended a postseason tournament, and the Eagles have not returned since. Williams' four-year record at AU was 72-42.
In 1983, Williams succeeded Davis at Boston College. He was once again an instant success, posting a 25-7 record and leading the Eagles to the regular-season championship of the Big East in his first season. Making his first appearance in the NCAA Tournament, Williams directed the Eagles to the Sweet 16. He finished third in the balloting for national coach of the year, and was honored again as the Eastern Coach of the Year by his peers. He went on to duplicate that NCAA Tournament success again in 1985, leading B.C. back to the Sweet Sixteen.
In 1987, Williams accepted the head coaching job at Ohio State, becoming the 10th basketball coach in that school's illustrious history. He succeeded Eldon Miller and once again enjoyed success. In three years, the Buckeyes made three postseason appearances. His first squad defeated then-No. 1 and unbeaten Iowa (coached by Tom Davis) in the regular season, in what would be the first of many giant-killings.
During Williams' three-year term at Ohio State, the Buckeyes defeated a second-ranked Purdue team, perennial power Kansas and highly regarded Big Ten powers Michigan and Illinois. Each of Williams' three Ohio State teams advanced to postseason play, and he laid the groundwork for the highly successful teams that followed when he left Columbus for College Park.


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LSS claims it can finish the job
Lutheran Social Services' flood recovery funding running out
Nancy Beers, head of Lutheran Social Services (LSS) Disaster Relief, gave an overview to the Carlton County Board of Commissioners of the 2012 flash flood recovery support her group has provided since June 2012 and promised to wrap up the final work by July 1. "Intense help is needed for 30 open cases in Carlton County yet," she explained, "and I am looking for additional funding for our two staff case workers who are handling these homeowners."
"Without further funding, these case workers will be laid off on April 1," Beers continued. "Many of the cases to be completed are homeowners that are the most vulnerable. Thirty-one clients are being referred for mental health counseling because of flood related issues. One of these caseworkers said she will donate two weeks of her own time to try to wrap up as many of the unresolved issues as she can. She doesn't want these people left hanging."
Commissioner Tom Proulx reflected, "This is the first time Commissioner Robert Olean and I have heard of these concerns, and we have been continuously involved in the county's flood relief committee work to the present." Lutheran Social Services had requested through Flood Response Coordinator Drew Digby to address the Carlton County Board of Commissioners in September 2013. No request was forwarded to the county board.
Beers explained she had met with Minnesota legislators two years ago and got a $250,000 grant for the LSS response with the Red Cross and Salvation Army partnered for disaster relief. She explained she had started with a $750,000 budget, which is now running out the end of March. She said she is proud of the 12,800 hours of volunteer service that has been documented by such groups as the Mennonites for the rebuilding efforts.
The Small Business Administration (SBA) has provided $10.5 million for flood relief loans. Some money has been set aside for a number of Quick Start loans to ensure flood victims can stay in their homes. "This is quite unusual," Beers commented. "Timelines for these loans were extended because filing dates were missed. The paperwork needs to be resubmitted and the set aside funding will go to these preapproved needs."
Each of the two caseworkers addressed their work with the remaining flood victims. "They have no trust in government," one caseworker related. "It took me two hours negotiating in my car before one woman would let the contractors finish their work on her house. She thought that if county workers were allowed in her house that they would then condemn her home and throw her out."
The county board took no action at this time. The request from LSS will be addressed on the next board agenda.
DOT limited by
lack of funding
Engineer Walt Leu of the Department of Transportation (DOT) regional office gave an overview of summer highway work on state roadways. "More work is needed," said Leu, "but there is a lack of adequate funding. The gas tax has not been raised in 20 years. We of the DOT are trying to maintain the roadway system we have but cannot afford any new initiatives."
Leu explained that $7 million will be spent in Cloquet to upgrade Highway 33 and the stoplight junction of Big Lake Road and Doddrige Avenue. "Construction will be a nightmare," he said. "Access to many of Cloquet's busiest businesses will be difficult."
In 2015, Highway 27 west of Moose Lake will be resurfaced and $600,000 will be expended for the Highway 73 bridge over the west branch of the Kettle River by the West Branch Cemetery. The year 2015 also sees a resurfacing of County SAH 6 west from the Barnum exit 8 miles to Highway 73 north of Kettle River.
Finally, the old license and nursing services building at 30 North 10th St. in Cloquet is sold. Terms are $125,000 with a June 1 occupancy. An existing manufacturing business in Cloquet will employ 10 to 15 people for $10 to $25 per hour.
The Carlton County Board of Commissioners gave its blessing for the Big Lake Area Sanitary District (BLASD) to join their new sewer to the Western Lake Superior Sanitary District (WLSSD). John Fredrickson, BLASD chairman, explained, "This plan provides our residents a viable option to replace the failing septic systems around Big Lake."
Word came from the Minnesota Department of Revenue that Carlton County's share of Indian gaming taxes collected by the state of Minnesota and paid by the Fond du Lac Band of the Chippewa Indians will be $46,771 for 2013.


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Aide: Obama didn't deny requests for help in Benghazi
**Written by Doug Powers
That according to a National Security Council spokesman.
Rick Moran breaks down the past few days (via Doug Ross):
The CIA is denying. The Pentagon is denying. And now the White House is denying that anyone refused to send help to our embattled CIA and State Department personnel engaged in a seven hour running firefight with more than 150 jihadists.
It just doesn't get any lamer than this:
The White House on Saturday flatly denied that President Barack Obama withheld requests for help from the besieged American compound in Benghazi, Libya, as it came under on attack by suspected terrorists on September 11th.
"Neither the president nor anyone in the White House denied any requests for assistance in Benghazi," National Security Council spokesman Tommy Vietor told Yahoo News by email.
Why was this so hard for President Obama to say on Friday when asked a direct question about assistance to Americans under fire?
President Barack Obama said repeatedly Friday that his administration would "find out what happened" and punish those responsible, but he twice ducked questions about whether U.S. officials denied requests for help.
As Bill Kristol points out, Obama doesn't have to "find out what happened" in the White House — he was there and presumably was kept informed.
Retired Army Lt. Col. Tony Shaffer said his sources told him President Obama watched the attack from the Situation Room. It shouldn't exactly be a bombshell to discover a president had been monitoring an ongoing attack on an ambassador and his detail — that's exactly what we'd expect a president to do. However, the pickle for the administration is that the only way they can distance Obama from the "who denied requests for help" question is to allow everybody to believe that Obama wasn't doing what everybody would expect a president to be doing under those circumstances: Closely monitoring the situation.
Leon Panetta said help wasn't sent because they didn't have enough information about what was going on before the attack was over. There might be a bit of semantics playing out here. Assuming for a moment no US official literally said "request denied," most people would still consider doing nothing to be tantamount to a denial of request.
If nobody either in or connected with the Obama administration specifically denied requests for military back-up or gave any "stand down" orders during the Benghazi attack as Fox News reported, why didn't the administration use the golden opportunity presented by the Sunday morning news shows to go out and rip Fox News apart at the seams much to the delight of disenchanted people who voted for Obama in 2008 who are desperately in need of motivation to get to the polls next Tuesday? Instead David Axelrod was worried about how Hurricane Sandy could harm Obama's re-election chances and Stephanie Cutter was saying the Des Moines Register's endorsement of Romney is not based in reality. The latter was during the "Pot Meets Kettle" segment of ABC's This Morning.
A couple of Sunday show clips from today…
Sen. John McCain on CBS: It's either a massive cover-up or incompetence:
Democrat Sen. Udall, who sits on the Intelligence Committee, won't tell Chris Wallace if the drones above Benghazi that day were armed:
Gingrich: Obama canceling campaign trips due to hurricane but didn't after Benghazi?
Update: Instapundit links to this post at Big Journalism noting that out of the five major Sunday news shows, only Chris Wallace raised the issue of Benghazi. Bob Schieffer in the video above talked about the subject only after John McCain raised the issue. The collective media silence speaks volumes with just over a week to go until the election.
**Written by Doug Powers
Twitter @ThePowersThatBe
Big surprise! Guess who made Harry Reid lie about Romney's taxes in 2012
April 1, 2015 10:14 AM by Doug Powers
Barred from entering the US? Try making some generous campaign contributions
December 17, 2014 09:03 AM by Doug Powers
Alison Grimes sets gold standard for dodging question about voting for Obama
October 9, 2014 04:37 PM by Doug Powers
Ohio woman indicted for vote fraud in 2012 and previous elections
March 11, 2013 08:51 PM by Doug Powers
Jimmy Carter: Obama 'ran across the room' to thank my grandson for finding the '47 percent' video
February 22, 2013 10:58 AM by Doug Powers
Categories: 2012 Campaign, Barack Obama, Jimmy Carter, Media


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Our Professional Grade
David, Woke up at 2am. As I was dropping back to sleep I heard the generator start and in an instant there was a bang and the power came on. It was generator power and upon inspection I saw the street lights across the street and near the transformer were out. The generator went for a little less than ten minutes and then powered down as Con Ed came back online. It works!!! This is the first time this has happened to my knowledge. THANKS! Judy Judy, White Plains, NY


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My wallet wept when I found out that luxurious Japanese beauty brand, Suqqu is launching a boutique counter in Selfridges & Co. Manchester Exchange Square on the 27th September 2011. I've been buying nearly all my make up online – it's just easier, but Suqqu's new counter will definitely get me shopping in store again!
Suqqu comes from the Japanese word 'Sukku-to' meaning; walking tall on your journey through life, inspiring a confidence in attitude and beauty.
Meanwhile, Suqqu's signature Gankin facial massage (which is supposed to 'lift' the face and alleviate tension) will also be available for £40, and for 2 weeks only, it is half price, £20. Am I going for a Gankin? Yes! It'll get booked up quickly so get your skates on!
Selfridges Suqqu (London) phone number for more info: 0207 318 3538.


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Deployment With Apache Karaf and ACE
Deployment of applications based on reusable components in a large network environment can become complicated very quickly. In this session, Jean-Baptise Onofré from Talend will describe how to manage deployment tasks using Apache Karaf and Apache ACE.
Apache Karaf is a flexible, lightweight, enterprise-ready OSGi container that provides a runtime for a wide variety of components, including pure web applications and ESB-oriented services. Karaf's flexible tooling makes it suitable for large-scale deployment, and it supports multiple instances through high-availability and clustering.
Apache ACE is a software distribution framework that provides centralized management of multi-node component deployments.
Jean-Baptise will begin with an introduction to Karaf, covering the Karaf shell and the basics of multiple instance management. Then, he will demonstrate how to use ACE to provision applications running inside Karaf.


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Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Social psychology: Altruism · Attribution · Attitudes · Conformity · Discrimination · Groups · Interpersonal relations · Obedience · Prejudice · Norms · Perception · Index · Outline
The covariation model of attribution (1967, 1971, 1972, 1973)[1] is an attribution theory in which people make causal inferences to explain why other people and ourselves behave in a certain way. It is concerned with both social perception and self-perception (Kelley, 1973). It was developed by Harold Kelley
The covariation principle states that, "an effect is attributed to the one of its possible causes with which, over time, it covaries" (Kelley, 1973:108). That is, a certain behaviour is attributed to potential causes that appear at the same time. This principle is useful when the individual has the opportunity to observe the behaviour over several occasions[2]. The number of observations made can be as small as two[3] or more than two[4]. The three causes which behaviour is attributed to are Person (actor), Object (action) and Context (situation), and attribution is made based on three criteria: Consensus, Distinctiveness and Consistency (Kelley, 1973).
Psychodynamics is another type of covariation information that is important in the effort of understanding the causes of social behaviour. Distinctiveness refers to how unique the psychodynamics is to the particular situation. There is a low distinctiveness if an individual behaves similarly in all situations, and there exists a high distinctiveness when the person only shows the behaviour in particular situations. If the distinctiveness is high, one will attribute this behaviour more to the context instead of person characteristics (Gilovich et al., 2005).
Referring to the example of Dr. Stanton's complimenting Barry's work, if Dr. Stanton almost never compliments other people's work, he shows high distinctiveness. But if he also compliments everybody's work, this is low distinctiveness, and one will attribute the behaviour to some personal characteristics in Dr. Stanton (Orvis et al., 1975).
Consistency is the continuous behaviour of something. For example, if Mrs. Browning's 3rd period class maintains a continuous behavior of growing the friendship of Kate and Jane, this is consistency.
Making attribution with the three sources of informationEdit
By putting the three sources of information, consensus, distinctiveness and consistency, together, we are able to determine whether a person would likely to make an attribution to object, person or context (Orvis et al., 1975).
Let us consider the following example. When a girl went into a boutique and tried on a dress, the salesman told the girl that the dress looked very nice on her. The girl might have the following three different types of attribution towards the salesman's behavior.
If all the salesmen in the boutique told the girl that the dress was looked nice on her (consensus is high); if the salesman only said she looked nice in one particular dress (distinctiveness is high); if the salesman said so every time the girl went into the boutique (consistency is high), the girl will likely attribute the salesman's behavior to the object. Thus, she would conclude that the salesman said so because the dress was nice.
If only one particular salesman told the girl that the dress was nice on her (consensus is low); if the salesman said she looked nice in other dresses in the boutique as well (distinctiveness is low); and if the salesman said so every time the girl went into the boutique (consistency is high), the girl was likely to attribute the salesman's behavior to the person. Thus, she would conclude that the salesman said so because the salesman was nice.
If only one particular salesman told the girl that the dress looked nice on her (consensus is low); if the salesman only said she looked nice in one particular dress (distinctiveness is high); and if the salesman said so only this time the girl went into the boutique (consistency is low), the girl was likely to attribute the salesman's behavior to the context. Thus, she would conclude that the salesman said so because he or she had to fulfill a sales quota on that dress.
|Information pattern
Kelley's covariation model also has its limitations. The critique of the model mainly concerns the lack of distinction between intentional and unintentional behavior, and between reason and cause explanations (Malle, 1999).
Intentional behavior occurs when there is a desire for an outcome, together with a belief that a certain behavior will lead to the desired outcome. These beliefs and desires are mental states acting as reasons behind an intention to act. When behavior is unintentional, the behavior is not explained by reasons, but rather by cause explanations not related to mental states of desire and belief. Malle (1999) found that whether behavior is intentional or unintentional predicts the type of explanation, and that the type of explanation presented predicts the judgement of intentionality.
Malle (1999) also pointed at the differential effect of being an actor versus observer, the effect of the self-serving bias and the distinction between subjective and rational reasoning as important factors acting on attributions of behavior. This is not accounted for by the covariation model. Malle offers a new theoretical framework to give a broader and more comprehensive understanding of attributions of behavior.
- ↑ also known as 'ANOVA model' (Kelley & Michela, 1980:462)
- ↑ see also Kelley's discounting principle (1971, 1972): single observation
- ↑ as in the experiment in Kelley and Stahelski (1970), as quoted by Kelley (1973)
- ↑ as in the experiment in Valins (1966), as quoted by Kelley (1973)
- Gilovich T., Kelner D., Nisbett R. E. (2005). Social psychology. New York: Norton & Company.
- Himmelfarb, S. (1972). Integration and attribution theories in personality impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 23:309-13.
- Kelley, H. H. (1967). Attribution theory in social psychology. In D. Levine (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Kelley, H. H. (1971). Attribution in social interaction. New York: General Learning Press.
- Kelley, H. H. (1972). Causal schemata and the attribution process. New York: General Learning Press.
- Kelley, H. H. (1973). The process of causal attribution. American psychologist, 28(2), 107-128.
- Kelley, H. H., & Michela, J. L. (1980). Attribution theory and research. Annual review of psychology, 31, 457-501.
- Kelley, H. H., & Stahelski, A. J. (1970). The inference of intention from moves in the Prisoner's Dilemma Game. Journal of experimental social psychology, 6, 401-419.
- Malle, B. F. (1999). How people explain behavior: A new theoretical framework. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 1: 23-48
- McArthur, L.A. (1972). The how and what of why: Some determinants and consequences of causal attribution. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22: 171-193.
- Orvis, B.R., Cunningham, J.D. & Kelley, H.H. (1975). A closer examination of causal inference: The roles of consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32 (4): 605-616.
- Valins, S. (1966). Cognitive effects of false heart-rate feedback. Journal of personality and social psychology, 4, 400-408.


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An Entrepreneurial Theory of Economic OrganizationKlein, Peter G.; Foss, Nicolai J.; Foss, Kirsten (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Recent work links entrepreneurship to the economic theory of firm using the Knightian concept of entrepreneurship as judgment. When judgment is complementary to other as-sets, and these assets or their services are traded in well-functioning markets, it makes sense for entrepreneurs to hire labor and own assets. The entrepreneur's role, then, is to arrange or organize the human and capital assets under his control. We extend this Knightian concept of the firm by developing a theory of delegation under Knightian uncertainty. What we call original judgment belongs exclusively to owners, but owners may delegate a wide range of decision rights to subordinates, who exercise derived judgment. We call these employees "proxy-entrepreneurs," and ask how the firm's or-ganizational structure — its formal and informal systems of rewards and punishments, rules for settling disputes and renegotiating agreements, means of evaluating perform-ance, and so on — can be designed to encourage forms of proxy-entrepreneurship that increase firm value while discouraging actions that destroy value. Building on key ideas from the entrepreneurship literature, Austrian economics, and the economic theory of the firm we develop a framework for analyzing the tradeoff between productive and de-structive proxy-entrepreneurship. We link this analysis to the employment relation and ownership structure, providing new insights into these and related issues in the eco-nomic theory of the firm. Keywords: Judgment, entrepreneur, delegation, employment relation, ownership. JEL Codes: B53, D23, L2 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7452
Files in this item: 1smg 2006-48.pdf (368.6Kb)
Mikkelsen, Line; Hardt, Daniel; Ørsnes, Bjarne (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Overt VP anaphors like do so, do it and do the same can host a following PP (Culicover & Jackendoff (2005:285–6), Huddleston & Pullum (2002:1533), Miller (2011:5–6), Sobin (2008:150, 155–157)): (1) The House is set to take up the final version of the funding bill tomorrow. The Senate will do the same on Thursday. [COCA] (2) You have jilted two previous fiances and I expect you would do the same to me. [COCA] Using (1) to fix terminology, the ANAPHOR is do the same, the ANTECEDENT is take up the final version of the funding bill, the ORPHAN is on Tuesday, and the CORRELATE is tomorrow. Examples like (2) are of particular interest because the correlate (two previous fiances) is inside the antecedent and, consequently, the orphan and the antecedent must interact to produce the interpretation of the clause containing the anaphor. In order to arrive at the interpretation 'you would jilt me', the me of the orphan must take the place of two previous fiances inside the antecedent VP. A superficially similar situation arises with remnants of ellipsis, including pseudogapping (3), sluicing (4), and fragment answers (5). In each case, the interpretation of the ellipsis clause combines part of the antecedent with all or part of the remnant. (3) I wouldn't say that to my mother, but I would to you. (4) I know he gave the dresser away, but I don't know to who. (5) Q: Who did he give the dresser to? A: To me. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8469
Files in this item: 1mikkelsen_hardt_oersnes_2011.pdf (136.1Kb)
a multicountry studyRangvid, Jesper (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7187
Files in this item: 1rangvid_output.pdf (865.5Kb)
Koskela, Erkki; Poutvaara, Panu (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We evaluate the effects of international outsourcing and labor taxation on wage formation and equilibrium unemployment in dual labor markets. Outsourcing promotes wage dispersion between the high-skilled and low-skilled workers. Higher domestic low-skilled wage tax, higher payroll tax and lower wage tax exemption increase optimal outsourcing. Outsourcing will reduce equilibrium unemployment of low-skilled workers both in the presence and absence of labor taxation. In the presence of outsourcing, wage tax, tax exemption and payroll tax have an ambiguous effect on equilibrium unemployment. Increasing the degree of tax progression decreases the wage rate and increases the demand of low-skilled workers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7697
Files in this item: 1dp 2008-09.pdf (203.0Kb)
Lessons from EstoniaKhoury, Sarkis Joseph; Wihlborg, Clas (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The literature on Currency Boards (CB) stops at the water edge in terms of dealing with the totality of the functions of a central bank. Monetary policy, and banking supervision can be "outsourced" in an open economy with substantial foreign direct investment (FDI) in the banking sector if political nationalism does not trump economic rationality. An orthodox CB renders the central banking function redundant in terms of interest rate and exchange rate determination. FDI in banking could perform the same role for the supervisory function of central banks. We use the case of Estonia to illustrate the feasibility of, and constraints on, outsourcing of central bank functions. A brief discussion of the Argentinian experience is used for contrast. Key words: Currency Board, Foreign Banks, Supervision, Regional Integration,outsourcing. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7168
Files in this item: 1wplefic032005.pdf (270.1Kb)
Towards a developing country firm perspectiveSchaumburg-Müller, Henrik; Pottenger, Eugene; Hansen, Michael W. (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Changes of the global economy have led to a much deeper integration of firms from developing countries. Multinational corporations are increasingly using offshore-outsourcing to maintain competitiveness and market shares. While the implications of this trend has been studied from the point of view of the multinational firm and its home economy, far less attention has been paid to the developing country firm participating in the outsourcing arrangement and its strategic options. From this point of view this paper reviews the outsourcing literature and identifies theoretical contributions that can be employed to build a platform for analyzing the strategic implications of outsourcing for local firms in developing countries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6758
Files in this item: 1wps-2007_no.4.pdf (220.9Kb)
Bennedsen, Morten; Schultz, Christian (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7636
Files in this item: 1wpec072003.pdf (205.2Kb)
Roy, Indrajit; Narayanan, K. (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Indian OFDI has increased and diversified substantially in the last 10 years. This paper uses quantile difference-in-difference measure to estimate home country effects of the OFDI decision of Indian corporate on their firm level characteristics reflected in various financial/non-financial ratios. Quantile coefficients inform us about differential effects of OFDI on different segments of the probability distributions of these firm characteristics and also change in within group inequality. It is observed that in the Indian context, the 'home' effect of OFDI is a slow process and the true effect of OFDI is revealed as time progresses. Also the effects (dimension, intensity and significance level) of OFDI are not same across segments (top, median or bottom) of the distribution of the selected variables and effects are found to be mostly muted when they are analysed on the bases of mean of the distribution (i.e. general DiD effect). OFDI leads to (a) reduction of inequality of firms (b) improvement in R&D expense of firms except those firms with already relatively high expenditure (3rd quartile) (c) exports to sales initially improve for three years and then worsen for small firms (first quartile), however, for the mid-size firms (median) it worsens after one year and (d) median of operating ratio (expense/sales) as well as after tax profit margin (PAT/sales) worsened over the year. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9295
Files in this item: 1CDP-60.pdf (390.2Kb)
Theory and evidenceHansen, Michael W. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Indian outward foreign direct investment (FDI) has risen dramatically in recent years. This reflects that Indian multinational corporations (MNCs) are asserting an increasingly important role in the global economy, not only as resource and market seekers in less developed countries, but increasingly competing on par with western MNCs in their home markets. When we confront the Indian outward FDI path with theories of outward foreign direct investment from developing countries, a number of puzzles and anomalies becomes evident: Normally, we would expect strong inward FDI performance to precede strong outward FDI performance, however in India the rise in outward FDI has been almost simultaneous with the rise in inward FDI; Normally, we would expect developing country MNCs to invest in like or less developed countries, however Indian MNCs have in a rapid sequence moved into developed economies; Normally, we would expect developing country MNCs to be operating with less advanced technologies and business models, however Indian MNCs have moved directly into FDI in advanced sectors and technologies. This paper will offer a number of explanations for the unique Indian outward investment path, explanations that take their point of departure in the idiosyncratic nature of Indian industrialization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6754
Files in this item: 1wps-2007_no.8.pdf (248.0Kb)
reducing employee computer crime through Situational Crime PreventionWillison, Robert; Siponen, Mikko (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Employee computer crime represents a substantial threat for organisations. Yet information security researchers and practitioners currently lack a clear understanding of how these crimes are perpetrated, which, as a consequence, hinders security efforts. We argue that recent developments in criminology can assist in addressing the insider threat. More specifically, we demonstrate how an approach, entitled Situational Crime Prevention, can not only enhance an understanding of employee computer crime, but also strengthen security practices which are designed to address this problem. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6456
Files in this item: 111_2006.pdf (167.9Kb)
Industry Involvment in the Development of Energy RegulationsGeorg, Susse; Garza de Linde, Gabriela; Schweber, Libby; Sexton, Martin (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The 2002 European Union (EU) directive on the energy performance of buildings (Directive 2002/91/EC) set minimum standards on the energy performance of new buildings and existing buildings. It also indicated that these would be subject to periodic renovation. In some countries the directive supported policymakers in their bid for national commitments to carbon reduction. In others, it affirmed existing commitments. In most countries, it informed the ongoing reformulation of building regulations. This paper explores energy related developments in building regulations for new housing in Denmark (DK) and the United Kingdom (UK). The interest of the comparison lies in similarities in the type of changes introduced into the regulations and differences in industry responses. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8406
Files in this item: 1Susse_Georg_2.pdf (97.79Kb)
Sammenhæng og BaggrundQuist, Christian (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: De faglige kilder er betydningsfulde for oversætteren af faglige tekster, fordi man her ser, hvordan fagfolk opfatter 'verden' og udtrykker sig, når de kommunikerer med hinanden. Når ingeniøren modtager en tekst, en oversættelse eller en tekst komponeret af sprogmedarbejderen, forventer han, at den giver mening og har nogenlunde samme sproglige karakteristika som de autentiske tekster, han plejer at læse; oversættere skal ikke være eksperter på det faglige indhold, men må kunne formidle det uden forvrængning. Sprogmedarbejderen må konsultere faglige tekster på kilde- og målsprog efter behov. Vi ved, at ikke alle fagfolk er lige sprogbevidste, og derfor er det vigtigt at sammenholde kilderne for at konstatere uoverensstemmelse eller diskrepans med hensyn til faglige eller sproglige forhold, eksempelvis typisk syntaks og kollokationer. Med hensyn til rent sproglige forhold må sprogmedarbejderen naturligvis korrigere. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6829
Files in this item: 1arbejdspapirer04.pdf (811.7Kb)
Med udgangspunkt i støtteverbers leksikaliseringsmønstre i dansk og franskHein, Birgitte (Frederiksberg, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Enhver oversætter mellem et germansk sprog som dansk og et romansk sprog som fransk ved, at det ofte er bestemte sproglige konstruktioner, der volder problemer. En af disse konstruktioner består af et støtteverbum og et objekt, der tilsammen danner en semantisk enhed. Da denne konstruktion er hyppigt forekommende, specielt i juridiske og administrative tekster, kan det være af både praktisk og teoretisk værdi at skaffe et klarere billede af, hvordan konstruktionerne idiomatisk opbygges og bruges på de to sprog. Undersøgelsen søger at indskrive sig i en sammenhæng, der vedrører både oversættelse og lingvistisk beskrivelse, ud fra et ønske om at en komparativ beskrivelse skal kunne give en oversætter viden, som han kan bruge i sit praktiske arbejde. De fleste, som har benyttet computer-støttede oversættelser, må være enige i, at det stadig er nødvendigt med kvalificeret menneskelig oversættelse, hvis man skal have en idiomatisk korrekt og brugbart resultat. Der er ganske vist i dag mulighed for computer-støttede "rå-oversættelser". Somme tider kan disse oversættelser tjene til for eksempel at give en internetbruger et hurtigt indtryk af indholdet af en web-side på et sprog, som han ikke behersker.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8623
Files in this item: 1Birgitte_Hein.pdf (776.8Kb)
En empirisk undersøgelse af effekten af lingvistisk kompleksitet og LSP på oversættelse af spanske teksterHalskov Jensen, Elisabeth (Frederiksberg, 1999)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Det vi ved om oversættelsesprocessen er i dag i høj grad baseret på information om den strategiske adfærd, der kan eliciteres ved højttænkning og retrospektion — eller observeres af forsøgsiederen — under et givet oversættelsesforløb. Krings (1986), Lörscher (1991) og Kiraly (1995) er blandt de forskere, som på basis afempiriske analyser af høj ttænkningsprotokoller har udarbejdet modeller, hvor de gør rede for oversættelsesstrategier. Megen forskning har først og fremmest interesseret sig for at beskrive en adfærd hos oversætteren, som angiveligt var årsagen til mindre vellykkede oversættelser (f.eks. Königs 1993; Kussmaul 1995; Hönig 1995). En del studier har også sammenlignet professionelle og ikke professionelle eller gode versus dårlige oversættere (f.eks. Gerloff 1988; Jääskeläinen 1990; Tirkkonen-Condit 1991; Krings 1987, 1997). Alle disse studier har bidraget til, at vi i dag kan sætte ord på en stor del af den adfærd, der foregår i en oversættelsesprocces, men studiet af oversættelsesprocessen er stadig i sin begyndelse. Formålet med denne undersøgelse er at bidrage til beskrivelsen af, hvordan tekstuelle faktorer påvirker oversættelse. Fokus er således ikke på de strategier, som oversættere anvender under oversættelse, men på hvordan tekstprocessing påvirkes af henholdsvis tekstens krav til specialiseret forhåndsviden (LSP-viden) og dens lingvistiske kompleksitet. LSP-teksterne i denne undersøgelse er spanske juridiske tekster, og en gruppe semi-professionelle oversættere er valgt som informanter. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9317
Files in this item: 1Elisabeth_Halskov_Jensen.pdf (8.118Mb)
Clemmensen, Torkil; Roese, Kerstin (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper, we analyze the concept of human-computer interaction in cultural and national contexts. Building and extending upon the framework for understanding research in usability and culture by Honold [3], we give an overview of publications in culture and HCI between 1998 and 2008, with a narrow focus on high-level journal publications only. The purpose is to review current practice in how cultural HCI issues are studied, and to analyse problems with the measures and interpretation of this studies. We find that Hofstede's cultural dimensions has been the dominating model of culture, participants have been picked because they could speak English, and most studies have been large scale quantitative studies. In order to balance this situation, we recommend that more researchers and practitioners do qualitative, empirical work studies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7948
Files in this item: 1WP_2009_003.pdf (415.2Kb)
Casanova, Lourdes; Crone Jensen, Elisabeth; Sloan, Pamela; Gradillas, Maria; Hockerts, Kai (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This report summarizes selected findings of a three‐year research effort undertaken by INSEAD, Copenhagen Business School (CBS), Bocconi University, and the Leon Kosminski Academy. It is part of a larger European Commission‐funded study, entitled "RESPONSE". This project has aimed at understanding how multinational firms see their responsibility towards society and how this is aligned (or not) with the expectations of their stakeholders. Preliminary findings were developed in a final report which was presented at a conference in autumn 2007 at INSEAD, Fontainebleau (please find link in the appendix). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7120
Files in this item: 1wp csr 2008-06.pdf (1.271Mb)
Does negative equity exist as a permanent feature in the Danish housing market?Lunde, Jens (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: House and flat prices have been through a tremendous bust and boom cycle in Denmark. From 1986 to 1993 real prices for houses and flats dropped by one third on average, foreclosures accounted for around 1/6 of the house and flat turnovers in numbers, and in reality the market for owner-occupied houses and flats was in a crisis. Initiated by a strong interest rate drop and by an expansive finance policy, the market turned. From 1993H1 to 2004H1 real house prices increased 76% and real flat prices 128%. Moreover, Denmark has a leading position in the international household debt race and as in many other countries the fear of the consequences of a strong interest rate increase for the housing market is widespread. Therefore, in order to examine the financial stability among owner-occupiers, a sample of approx. 40,000 owner-occupier families with data at household level has been drawn from the tax statistics for each year from 1987 to 2003. Through the analysis it is shown that the distributions of the owner-occupiers' capital structure, measured by the net liability/housing wealth ratios, have more or less been the same throughout the 16 years, even during the long-lasting steep house and flat price rise. Moreover, since 1994 the median value of the net liability/income ratio has increased by 71% for all owner-occupiers and by 54% for owner-occupiers between 30-39 years of age.Finally, one last, important aspect of the financial stability of owner-occupiers, namely, their capacity to service their debt has been analysed. The owner-occupiers' net interest expenditures/ income ratios before tax have been nearly halved from 1987 to 2003. Most of the drop happened during the years of the "housing market failure". From 1994 on the ratios were more slightly reduced and were in 2003 at 8.8% (median value) for all owner-occupiers and 12.2% for owner-occupiers between 30-39 years of age. However, if the reductions of the tax rates for deducting interest expenditures are taken into account, the 2003 after-tax-ratios are only about 2 percentage points below the 1987 after-tax ratios. At March 2005, a new challenge facing Danish owner-occupiers is that 50% of their mortgages carry interest adjustment. Keywords: house prices, housing wealth, real estate wealth, housing debt, mortgage debt, personal wealth, personal finance, loan-to-value, debt-to-income, interest expenditures, interest-to-income, financial stability. JEL classifications: D 14, E 44, G 21, R 20, R 31. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7197
Files in this item: 1endeligt_wp_jens_lunde_2005_3.pdf (1.494Mb)
Insights from Annual General MeetingsStrand, Therese (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This thesis consists of five empirical studies, all relating to shareholder activism at annual general meetings. The first study concerns the structure and content of general meetings in Denmark and Sweden comparatively. The paper reveals significant differences in the level of activism, with Swedish investors being the most active in terms of proposals, proxy voting, and 'voice'. The paper takes a legal approach, and discusses divergence in activism levels from the perspective of shareholder prerequisites to engage in monitoring efforts. Further, the paper investigating the topics addressed through questions and opinions. The results show that matters which can be categorized as irrelevant are reasonably rare. This is an important finding, as suggestions to abolish general meetings have often been based on the assumption that general meetings facilitate nothing but irrelevant, time consuming, and costly discussions that serves no monitoring function. The second study analyses the impact of voting power on shareholder activism. We hypothesize that there is a positive relationship between shareholder activism and a measure of the largest shareholder's sensitivity to increased participation by small shareholders and find that firms' amenability to small shareholder influence leads to more proposals by the nomination committee, but fewer proposals by other shareholders. We interpret this as evidence that the shareholder elected nomination committees effectively channel shareholder concerns and preempt other kinds of activism. Politicians and companies that desire active shareholders could improve the amenability of firms to shareholder influence by ownership transparency, shareholder committees, and contacts with shareholder associations and other vehicles for collective action... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8460
Files in this item: 1Therese_Strand.pdf (1.719Mb)
evidence from EstoniaJones, Derek C.; Mygind, Niels (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7064
Files in this item: 1wp25.pdf (82.16Kb)
the case of PolandJensen, Camilla (, 2001)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7092
Files in this item: 1wp39.pdf (206.6Kb)
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I received the following message from Beth Ashmore at Samford University:
Registration for this summer's Institute of Genealogy and Historical Research (IGHR) will open on Tuesday, January 18, 2011.
To prevent an overload of the online registration system, the opening of course registration will be staggered with different courses being opened each hour. A full schedule of the time that each course's registration will be open will be sent out via this list, posted on the IGHR website and IGHR Facebook pages in early January.
The Institute itself will take place on June 12-17, 2011.
For more information, including the courses being offered and how to register on the Jan. 18, visit the IGHR website at http://www4.samford.edu/
We hope to see you this summer!
Note from Angela: Many of the IGHR courses will fill on the first day, so watch the website and plan to be online when the course you are interested in opes up if you really want to attend. I will be doing the same.


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Family Art Community Workshop: Boulder Bash!
Saturday, September 28, 2013
10:00 a.m.–3:00 p.m.
Please note: This event has already taken place. Please use the Search options on the right to find upcoming events.
Art has the unique ability to build communities and encourage educational development and growth. Taking cues from the upcoming Mad. Sq. Art exhibition, Ideas of Stone (Idee di pietra) by Italian artist Giuseppe Penone, the workshop will address concepts of form, color, pattern, and community collaboration. Modeled after Penone's monumental 30-foot tall bronze tree sculptures, we will be creating our own "boulders" which will adorn the Mad. Sq. Community Tree.
Penone was an early proponent of Arte Povera, a movement which arose in the 1960's and was comprised of artists who sought to dissolve divisions between man, nature, and art. These artists used natural materials in their work such as wax, wool, felt, cloth, stone, glass, cement, wood, rubber, metal, cement, and resin. Inspired by this movement, we will decorate our "boulders" with natural and recyclable materials. Together, each participant will contribute their own unique art piece to the communal tree which will come together to create an entirely new work of art!
*The workshop will take place rain or shine and is first-come, first-served.
**Please note that adult supervision is required.
Oval Lawn in Madison Square Park
Directions to this location
Event Organizer
Madison Square Park Conservancy


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The Cast On The Musical
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The stars of Les Misérables discuss the differences between the musical and their epic new drama.
Aired: 04/08/19Video has closed captioning.
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Whether you are looking for a humble abode or a mansion, a big yard or maintenance-free living, a first time homebuyer or an experienced investor, Marilyn Kohn can help with all your Peoria, Tazewell and Woodford county real estate needs.
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Immaculata (IHS) Class of 2009 Alumni List
Help us Update the Immaculata 2009 Class List by adding any names missing from the list below:
Registered Alumni
2009 Class List
Know Immaculata Class of 2009 graduates that are NOT on this List? Help us Update the 2009 Class List by adding missing names.
Reunions and Immaculata High School News
More 2009 alumni from Immaculata HS Leavenworth, KS have posted profiles on Classmates.com®. Click here to register for free at Classmates.com® and view other 2009 alumni.
Missing some friends from Immaculata HS that graduated with you in 2009? Check the list below that shows the Immaculata Leavenworth, KS class of '09.
You can also find out what other graduates are doing now, share memories with other alumn, upload pictures from Immaculata HS and find other alumni.


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WEEK Ten
DAY Five : Ponder this poem from all three points of view.
|Day by day, your innermost heart
will be purified and understanding
will come. You will come to see the truth as you mature.
|(x) Got It
|Of a child
|It is all about me and my happiness. The most important thing is what I want and need.
|Of a parent
|It is all about understanding the model of parental love. How can all of the minds in the world be attracted back to the truth of their origin in ways appropriate for the time, place and maturity of each and everyone, equally, without discrimination so that each and every human being can live joyously, freely and without limitation.
|Of single-heartedness
|It is all about what is known and understood through the totally purified "mind like clear water". Identify the self-centered imagination (your mind's voice and images), see where they come from and where they return to. Know and understand the truth that this universe is the body of God.


text:
vaginal cancer
(VA-jih-nul KAN-ser)
Cancer that forms in the tissues of the vagina (birth canal). The vagina leads from the cervix (the opening of the uterus) to the outside of the body. The most common type of vaginal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, which starts in the thin, flat cells lining the vagina. Another type of vaginal cancer is adenocarcinoma, cancer that begins in glandular cells in the lining of the vagina.


text:
In recent remarks, while avoiding disputes about climate science, House Speaker John Boehner has denounced the high costs of President Barack Obama's climate and energy policies. Obama has responded by insisting that his own energy policies are based purely on science. He maintains, as well, that concerns that environmental controls will curtail economic growth reflect only the false claims of special interests.
Despite the president's words, his deeds show that when the findings of science clash with his own political goals, he is quite willing to flout science. Nor is it true that his environmental policies will be costless. Indeed, the president often chooses high cost means of pursuing his goals when lower cost options are available.
Obama's policies are at odds with the basic scientific fact that greenhouse gases have the same effect on climate whatever their origin. U.S. emissions are down slightly, but that does not matter much in light of the brisk growth in global emissions caused by rising fossil fuel use in China and other developing countries.
Yet the president asserts that the United States must lead on climate. And on this issue, it seems, he does not mean that it should lead from behind. Despite his aspirations, the countries where emissions are growing fastest, mindful of their need for fossil fuels to support their economic growth, have already shown that they have no intention of following Obama down the path to greenhouse gas abatement. Thus, Obama may imagine that he has the power of the Pied Piper but all of the countries that count are simply ignoring his tune.
This is just the pattern that led to the president's diplomatic humiliation by China at the 2009 UN summit in Copenhagen. In clinging to these same already dashed hopes, the president seems unable to learn from his own bitter experience.
Nor is global greenhouse gas control the only place where his policies ignore the facts of climate science. Consider the case of the Keystone XL pipeline. The project would deliver petroleum from Alberta's oil sands to refineries on the U.S. Gulf Coast. To go forward, it needs a sign-off from the State Department.
The department has now conducted two exhaustive studies of the proposed pipeline's environmental impacts. Both studies concluded that the decision to build the pipeline would determine where the oil would be refined, but, the oil itself would be produced, refined, and consumed somewhere, with Keystone XL or without it. The studies also found that compared to the alternatives, the pipeline would lower energy costs and safety risks. However, Obama's environmentalist allies have made Keystone XL into a symbol, and he clearly fears their wrath – even though the pipeline enjoys exactly the sort of expert scientific support on which he claims to base his policy. The president, rather than heeding the science, has simply refused to decide.
Finally, there is Obama's frequent boasts about rising output from renewable energy. He has lavished large subsidies on renewable power. Much of this money is being spent, not on R&D, but on deploying current wind and solar power technologies. But wind and solar generate power only when the wind blows or the sun shines; meanwhile, the fall of natural gas prices has greatly lowered the costs of gas-fired power plants.
Hence, a new study by Brookings Institution scholar Charles Frank concludes that "wind and solar power are very costly from a social perspective." Compared to natural gas, wind and solar produce less power per dollar of invested capital, and the power that they do produce is less valuable because it is often not on line when it is needed most.
Indeed, the Frank study finds that as a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, natural gas-fired power plants are far more cost-effective than wind and solar. It is not science that impels Obama to subsidize wind and solar when less costly alternatives are available. It is ideology. And the implied economic waste does not jibe with claims that climate policies will be good for economic growth.
Republicans have long struggled with Obama's policies on climate change. In doing so, they have sometimes felt compelled to disparage mainstream climate science. That approach allows Democrats to paint them as anti-science.
It might be more politically fruitful for Republicans to point out that the president is wrong when he asserts that mainstream climate science dictates support for his policies. It would certainly be more conducive to an intelligent national debate on energy policy.


text:
MitoQ is an exciting advance in CoQ antioxidant technology that has been extensively researched over the last decade. Research has focused on its beneficial effects for people with poor mitochondrial function.
MitoQ's patented technology delivers powerful antioxidant support to mitochondria, the power source of your cells, restoring their vitality so they can fight the symptoms of aging and support organ health.
The results show that by delivering targeted support to mitochondria, the powerful organelles found in every cell in your body, MitoQ has a positive impact on specific health conditions and overall health.
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Why MitoQ
MitoQ is a Mitochondrial Targeted Antioxidant that delivers antioxidant CoQ directly to your mitochondria, supporting their natural function and restoring their health. This means they can get on with their job, eliminating free radicals, preventing oxidation, and keeping your skin and organs healthy. And MitoQ does this 847 times more effectively than any other CoQ formulation on the market.
Because when you recharge your cells, you recharge your life.
The effect? Your cells start to act and look young again. MitoQ Serum supports your skin cells to achieve youthful levels of collagen and elastin. And when you take the MitoQ supplement, your brain, your heart, your liver – indeed, all of your organs – get the energy they need to do their jobs like they did when you were younger.
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Cellular reactions produce waste products called free radicals. Free radicals can cause damage to our cells if they are not neutralised by antioxidants. Oxidative stress is the state our body is put in when the levels of antioxidants in our body are not high enough to counteract the damaging effect of free radicals. Oxidative stress has been linked to over 200 different disease states. Taking an antioxidant supplement such as MitoQ boosts our own supply of antioxidants and reduces free radical damage, reducing oxidative stress.
MitoQ for Mitochondria
Mitochondria are life-giving organelles found in every cell in our body. They provide energy to our cells so that they work in an optimal way, and they fight the oxidative stress caused by free radicals. When cells work optimally we experience good health.
Mitochondria are found in the highest numbers in organ cells that consume the most energy, like our skin, heart, brain and liver. Mitochondrial function within these cells depends on the antioxidant support our bodies supply. From the age of twenty our antioxidant levels decline and mitochondrial function declines too.
Over 200 conditions are now known to be associated with poor mitochondrial function, including brain, liver and heart disease, and diabetes.
Even if you are in perfect health, this gradual loss of mitochondrial function means that as you age your cells don't get the energy they need, leading to sub-optimal function and gradual health decline.
MitoQ is the first antioxidant supplement to reach mitochondria at levels that make a difference. When cellular energy generation is restored, cells are able to repair and resume youthful function.
MitoQ Can Help You
MitoQ is suitable for healthy adults who want to slow the processes associated with aging, and stay well.
MitoQ is also suitable for adults with health conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress imbalances and the oxidative stress associated with being overweight.
Reprinted with kind permission of MitoQ.


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All of the Phils should be in Clearwater, getting ready to defend their 2009 NL Crown. Come on guys, let see if we can join the 1880-82 White Stockings (now Cubs), the 1891-93 Beaneaters (now Braves), the 1894-96 Orioles, the 1901-03 Pirates, the 1906-1908 Cubs, the 1911-13 Giants, and the 1942-44 Cardinals, and hopefully prepare in 2011 to tie the 1921-24 Giants for four straight NL pennants, the only NL team to accomplish that feat.
Almost everyone is saying that this is probably the best Phillies team in years. On paper. Go out there and prove them right, guys!!!
Go PHILS!!!!


text:
This chapter describes how to configure the Oracle Web Tier to support the Oracle Fusion Middleware WebCenter Portal implementation.
This chapter contains the following sections:
Section 7.2, "Running the Configuration Wizard to Configure Oracle HTTP Server"
Section 7.3, "Validating the Oracle HTTP Server Configuration"
Section 7.4, "Associating the Oracle Web Tier with the Oracle WebLogic Domain"
Section 7.5, "Configuring the Load Balancer to Route HTTP Requests"
Before configuring the Oracle Web Tier software, you must install it on WEBHOST1 and WEBHOST2, as described in Section 6.2, "Installing Oracle HTTP Server" Run the Configuration Wizard to define the instance home, the instance name, and the Oracle HTTP Server component name.
This chapter also describes how to associate the Oracle Web Tier with the WebLogic Server domain. Once the web tier is associated with the WebLogic Server, you can monitor it using the Oracle Fusion Middleware Console.
You then configure the load balancer to route all HTTP requests to WEBHOST1 and WEBHOST2.
The last section describes how to define the directives of the
<VirtualHost> section of the
httpd.conf file on both OHS servers. You created these virtual host names when you configured the load balancer in Section 3.3, "Configuring the Load Balancer".
The steps for configuring the Oracle Web Tier are the same for both WEBHOST1 and WEBHOST2.
To configure the Oracle web tier:
Change the directory to the location of the Oracle Fusion Middleware Configuration Wizard:
WEBHOST1> cd ORACLE_COMMON_HOME/common/bin
Start the Configuration Wizard:
WEBHOST1> ./config.sh
In the Welcome screen, click Next.
In the Configure Components screen, select Oracle HTTP Server and unselect Associate Selected Components with WebLogic Domain. Make sure that Oracle Web Cache is not selected.
Click Next.
In the Specify Component Details screen, specify the following values:
Instance Home Location: /u01/app/oracle/admin/webn
AS Instance Name: webn
OHS Component Name: ohsn
(where n is a sequential number for your installation; for example, 1 for WEBHOST1, 2 for WEBHOST2, and so on.)
Oracle HTTP Server instance names on WEBHOST1 and WEBHOST2 must be different.
Click Next.
In high-availability implementations, it is not mandatory for all of the ports used by the various components to be synchronized across hosts, however it makes the enterprise deployment much simpler. Oracle allows automatic port configuration to be bypassed by specifying ports to be used in a file.
In the Configure Ports screen, select a file name and then click View/Edit. The file will look like this:
[OHS] #Listen port for OHS component OHS Port = 7777 [OPMN] #Process Manager Local port no OPMN Local Port = 1880
You can find a sample staticports.ini file on installation disk 1 in the stage/Response directory.
Click Next.
In the Specify Security Updates screen, choose whether you want to receive security updates from Oracle support and if you do, enter your e-mail address.
In the Installation Summary screen, review the selections to ensure they are correct. If they are not, click Back to modify selections on previous screens. When you are ready, click Configure.
Multiple configuration assistants are launched in succession; this process can be lengthy. When it completes, click Next, and the Installation Complete screen appears.
In the Installation Completed screen, click Finish to exit.
Once the installation is completed, check that it is possible to access the Oracle HTTP Server home page using the following URL:
Once an Oracle WebLogic domain has been created, the Oracle web tier can be linked to the domain. The advantages of doing this are that the Oracle web tier can be managed and monitored using the Oracle Fusion Middleware console.
To associate the Oracle web tier with the WebLogic domain, execute the following commands on both WEBHOST1 and WEBHOST2:
WEBHOSTn> cd ORACLE_BASE/admin/instance_name/bin WEBHOSTn> ./opmnctl registerinstance -adminHost ADMINVHN -adminPort 7001 -adminUsername weblogic
Configure your load balancer to route all HTTP requests to the hosts running Oracle HTTP Server (WEBHOST1, WEBHOST2). You do not need to enable sticky sessions (insert cookie) on the load balancer when Oracle HTTP Server is front-ending Oracle WebLogic Server. You need sticky sessions if you are going directly from the load balancer to Oracle WebLogic Server, which is not the case in the topology described in this guide.
The instructions for this configuration will vary depending on which load balancer you use. See you load balancer documentation for specific instructions.
To configure the virtual hosts complete the following three tasks:
Define the directives of the
<VirtualHost> section of the
httpd.conf file on both OHS servers
Restart both OHS servers
Access the virtual host URLs to validate the configuration.
Define the directives of the
<VirtualHost> section of the
httpd.conf file on both OHS servers. This file is located in the ORACLE_BASE/admin/instance_name/config/OHS/ohs1 (or ohs2) directory. Add the following entries to the file:
NameVirtualHost *:7777 <VirtualHost *:7777> ServerName https://wcp.mycompany.com:443 ServerAdmin email@example.com RewriteEngine On RewriteOptions inherit </VirtualHost> NameVirtualHost *:7777 <VirtualHost *:7777> ServerName admin.mycompany.com:80 ServerAdmin firstname.lastname@example.com RewriteEngine On RewriteOptions inherit </VirtualHost> NameVirtualHost *:7777 <VirtualHost *:7777> ServerName wcpinternal.mycompany.com:80 ServerAdmin email@example.com RewriteEngine On RewriteOptions inherit </VirtualHost>
Restart both OHS servers after modifying the
httpd.conf files:
WEBHOST> cd ORACLE_BASE/admin/<instance_name>/bin WEBHOST> opmnctl stopall WEBHOST> opmnctl startall
Access the following URLs to ensure that your load balancer and Oracle HTTP Server are configured properly:
If you cannot access these URLs, check to ensure that you completed the procedure in Section 3.3, "Configuring the Load Balancer" correctly.


text:
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If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the
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Genealogy Software
Software and Publishing
In the very early stages of your research you will find that you need not only an efficient filing system for your paper records, but also a medium for recording data. The most efficient way to do this is via a family history program installed on your own computer. There are many programs available, some of which are free to download from the internet.
Some of the most popular packages, listed in alphabetical order, are:
For Windows operating system
Family Historian
Family Tree Maker
Roots Magic
The Master Genealogist
For Apple Mac
Family Tree Maker
MacFamily Tree
Comparison of genealogy software packages
Some companies offer demonstration discs so that you can test the software before purchasing the complete package. You may be lucky to find a program on cover discs on genealogy or computer magazines, and although these are not normally full program discs, it gives you the opportunity to try before you buy.
Most of these programs have dedicated help forums or online help desks but if you have a problem try posting a query in our
Family Tree Software
forum to see if any of our members can help and advise.
Further information is also available in the FTF Reference Library for some of the more popular packages (click on program name)
Family Historian
Family Tree Maker
Personal Ancestral File
which was originally available for download from the
website is to be discontinued in July 2013.
For those members still using this program, our help pages for PAF are still available - click
What will the program do?
It will enable you to record and store all your data in one place, easily accessible to you at all times.
Most programs have a "Notes" section – an ideal place to record your family stories and make notes relevant to your research. You will also find that there are preset sections to record a variety of different types of information, such as births/baptisms, marriages, deaths/burials, occupations, religion, census details, nationality, education etc.
At the click of a button (or mouse!) you can instantly produce different types of charts and reports, such as family group sheets, ancestor and descendant charts, relationship charts, genealogy and custom reports. These are invaluable, not only for your own purposes, but also for sharing your information with family and contacts.
Important things to remember:
Check your program's help section to ensure you are entering information in the correct format, particularly when entering dates.
Record your sources. You will soon find yourself with numerous pieces of paper containing data and notes. When you have entered these into your program it is very import to record the source, whether it be from a relative/contact, a website, or a certificate. Although you may know at the time where it has come from, be assured that in six month's or a year's time you will have forgotten!
Make sure you verify all your data. There is no point spending time, money and effort tracing the wrong ancestor.
The most important thing of all is to back up your data on a regular basis. To be on the safe side make at least two copies of your data, preferably on a different medium, e.g. CD / DVD / Pen drive / External hard drive. Some programs also offer an Internet backup facility for a small annual fee. Whatever happens, make sure that all your hard work and research is not lost in the event of hard disc failure.
Publishing your data to the Internet
There are various ways of publishing your tree on the internet so that other researchers or friends and family can view it.
Using a software package such as
The Next Generation
and webspace to host your site, you can create and display your own Family History pages on the internet.
Tree building sites, such as
Tribal Pages
Genes Reunited
My Great Big Family
have become popular over recent years. Some people use these sites to store the master copy of their tree rather than using a software package on their own PC. The danger with this is that the data is not kept under your control and relies on the security of a third party. However, should you wish to publish your information on the internet, or share you research with family and friends, then uploading your data to one of these sites is an ideal way of doing it. It is generally possible to password protect your data should you wish, so that your information is not freely available for all to see.
Mapping the lives of your ancestors, using a site such as
Ancestral Atlas
, is another way to publish the details to the internet,
Family Tree Maker 2006 allows you to produce your own web page, which is created automatically through the program. Your tree is uploaded from your computer, with any information on living people being automatically hidden. You can add photos, charts and reports and the page can be password protected. This facility is not available on the more recent versions of the program.
Although Family Tree Forum does not offer a tree building facility, we do give members the option of uploading a GEDCOM file to our
Names Database
, accessed by clicking on the word GEDCOM on the blue navigation bar. The database is searchable by name or place, thus allowing you to find others researching the same names and localities.
Members of FTF have the opportunity to create their own blog, accessed via the BLOG link on the navigation bar at the top of the screen. Blogs are picked up by google searches which may lead to contact from fellow researchers.
Comparison of web based genealogy software
Writing up your research
When you feel you have sufficient information collected you may consider producing a general family history book, possibly using some of the following ideas.
Chapters can be added to cover different surnames, occupations, areas/districts and favourite ancestors. A book developed this way will have a wider appeal than one devoted to just one or two people.
Even a humble agricultural labourer can make an interesting subject if there are photographs, old maps or extracts of a census image included with the text. A story about the working life of an ag lab can make interesting reading.
An unusual surname can be researched and the origins of the name explained, perhaps the name is associated with a specific area?
Military ancestors can make interesting subjects, stories relating to the regiment, military career and medals awarded make military ancestors worthy of a page or two.
The local area can also be used as a basis for a chapter. Photographs, both old and new, can show where ancestors lived and worked and how an area may have changed over time. Images can be included, for example of churches to show where baptisms, marriages or burials occurred, or to show a tour around a particular town or village.
for an example of a published book.
See also:
How to store it all
Backing up your Files
GEDCOMs Explained
Publishing your research in book format
Transcript: makes transcribing easier
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