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Ask The Judge: Libel Claim, Defense Theory
Editor's Note: As ongoing extended coverage of the Casey Anthony trial, WESH 2 News legal analyst Judge O.H. Eaton Jr. is answering questions about the case.
Libel Suit Possible?
Dear Judge Eaton: What would happen if George and Cindy Anthony sued Casey for libel due to the abuse claim? Would Jose Baez still be able to use it as a basis for her defense? -- Edith Springfield, Mass.
Anything said in open court during a court proceeding is absolutely privileged and cannot be the basis for a civil action for libel. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Sentence For Lesser Charge?
Dear Judge Eaton: If Ms. Anthony is found guilty on more than one of the lesser included offenses, how would you as a judge go about deciding what sentence or sentences to impose? In this scenario, do you go by some type of weighing system, or do you use your own discretion, experience and judgment of her and her crimes to come up with one or more sentences? -- Catherine, California
Sentencing for non-capital cases in Florida are subject to the Florida Punishment Code. This is a sentencing guidelines system that assigns points for the primary offense, any other offenses, prior record and death or injury to the victim, among other things. The final total of points establishes the presumptive sentence that should be imposed. The court can depart downward from that presumptive sentence by 25 percent without explanation. However, a further downward departure requires a written explanation that is subject to review by the appellate court. The vast majority of cases score a non-state prison sanction so the range can be anywhere from a judicial warning to the maximum prison sentence allowed by law. However, in homicide cases, a stiff prison sanction is required absent a downward departure. I have no idea what sentence would be appropriate at this point in the case. My approach to deciding the sentence would depend on whether the jury found the death to be intentional second-degree murder, or through gross negligence, manslaughter. The defendant has no significant prior record and is not dangerous, so those factors would work in the defendants favor. In any event, sentences can be concurrent, running at the same time, or consecutive, running one after the other, so long as the sentence is within the guidelines or justified by one or more reasons for departure. Sorry for the complicated explanation. Sentencing is the most complicated thing trial judges do in Florida. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Defense Theory Of Death
Dear Judge Eaton: Has the defense team overreached by trying to mesh the defense of accidental drowning with the claim that Roy Kronk had control of the body for several months? That makes absolutely no sense to me. -- Carol Roach
We will have to see how things shake out. Remember, the defense does not have to prove anything -- only raise a reasonable doubt in the mind of at least one juror. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Lie Detector Test?
Dear Judge Eaton: Could George Anthony request a lie detector test in regard to the alleged sexual abuse? Wouldn't that seal this case? -- Michelle
The results of polygraph examinations are not admissible in evidence in any court in this country, so far as I know, because they are scientifically unreliable. Polygraph examinations are used in industry and the military, but the reliability is no better. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Why Allow Victim Impact Evidence?
Dear Judge Eaton: Why is victim impact evidence given in court before the jury if they must not take it into consideration? -- Leesa
Excellent question. The United States Supreme Court, in a case called Payne v. Tennessee, ruled that victim impact evidence can be admitted in a trial to show the uniqueness of the victim and the resultant loss to the community. The Florida Legislature passed a statute allowing this evidence. The Payne case did not overrule some of the provisions of a prior case called South Carolina v. Gathers in that the victim impact testimony may not include opinions by the victim or the victims family about the crime, the defendant, or the appropriate sentence. This limitation is not always honored, especially in California. I encourage the victims family to present victim impact evidence to me outside the presence of the jury in order to avoid possible error or a mistrial. I am usually successful, but not always. Floridas standard jury instruction on victim impact statements in murder cases is as follows: "You have heard evidence about the impact of this homicide on the family, friends and community of (decedent). This evidence was presented to show the victims uniqueness as an individual and the resultant loss by (decedents) death. However, you may not consider this evidence as an aggravating circumstance. Your recommendation to the court must be based on the aggravating circumstances and the mitigating circumstances upon which you have been instructed." - Judge O.H. Eaton
Sitting With Defendant
Dear Judge Eaton: I have noticed that when the defense attorneys leave their table for sidebar, etc., someone else moves into the chair beside the defendant. Is there a reason for this? Never let the defendant look alone or vulnerable? Or is it a rule of law since there are no deputies behind the defendant. -- Susan, Manassas, Va.
There is no requirement that one of the defense lawyers sit by the defendant at all times. While there are deputy sheriffs in the courtroom, the defendant is not shackled or restrained in any way. The law forbids the use of restraints during a trial absent evidence that the defendant is dangerous or likely to try to escape or otherwise misbehave. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
MORE: Extended CoverageSTAY UPDATED: Casey iPhone App
Does Theory Come From Defendant?
Dear Judge Eaton: Can a criminal defense lawyer make up any defense (that) involve other persons on his (or) her own, or does the story need to come from the defendant? If so, does the attorney need to believe his client or just run with that defense? If Casey Anthony is found not guilty, can the state file new charges for allowing so many people, time, money and resources looking for her alleged daughter while knowing she was not alive? -- Ellen
There is no requirement for a criminal defendant to testify on her own behalf. However, sometimes the defendant is the only person in the world who knows the facts that establish the defense, so she must take the stand. Attorneys do not have to believe the client. However, attorneys are ethically bound not to put forth a defense that cannot be supported by the evidence. The double jeopardy clause of the Fifth Amendment prohibits the filing of new criminal charges in a case if the defendant is found not guilty. The state cannot recover expenses if the verdict is not guilty. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Trial One-Sided?
Dear Judge Eaton: Just watching at home, it seems like this trial is very one-sided. Every time the prosecution objects, the judge allows it to be sustained against the defense. Why? Also, why does the prosecution keep asking the same question to the witness? Isn't that badgering? Casey should be allowed to have a fair trial, and so far it seems very one-sided. Casey was crucified, especially by all the news media, and because of that, it seems like she isn't getting a fair trial. This entire situation is sad. -- Trish, Bushnell, Fla.
In criminal trials, the prosecution goes first because the prosecution has the burden of proof. The defendant will get her turn. Often times, defense attorneys object to questions or evidence for the record, so if the defendant is found guilty, the objection will have been preserved as a possible issue on appeal. I have agreed with Judge Perrys rulings so far in the trial. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Can Casey Fire Attorney?
What happens if during the trial, Casey is not satisfied with her defense and decides to fire her attorney? Will they have to start all over again or wait for her to hire a new one and continue when the new one is ready? -- Maite
In this case, the defense counsel are not appointed but are volunteers. The defendant can fire them and hire another lawyer, represent herself, or request court- appointed counsel. All of this may cause a delay in the trial but not a new trial. I have given you a simplified answer. Actually, the problem of firing a lawyer in the middle of a trial presents complicated issues. The tension is between guaranteeing the defendants right to a fair trial and the prosecutions right to a fair trial. When a defendant fires her lawyers and wants to represent herself, judges have some discretion to refuse a defendants request under certain circumstances, such as when the defendant misbehaves or has mental problems. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Too Many Questions?
Dear Judge Eaton: I understand that the state asked for a motion to prevent defense attorney Jose Baez from asking too many questions by the states witnesses. The judge granted the motion. How can this happen and why? -- Carrie
This issue was not reported correctly. The motion was to prohibit the defense from asking questions about an issue that had previously been ruled to be inadmissible. While the ruling had the effect of limiting the time the defense could ask questions, that was not the purpose of the ruling, and it did not restrict the total amount of time the defense could question witnesses. -- Judge O.H. Eaton
Innocent Until Proven Guilty
Dear Judge Eaton: Can you explain what our Constitution means by innocent until proven guilty and why that is so important? -- Christine, Orlando, Fla.
Our system of justice is accusatorial in nature. That means the state has the authority to accuse and the burden to prove a charge against a defendant. Accordingly, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. -- Judge O.H. Eaton


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The Spot on the Alley
Restaurant & Bar – Seneca, SC
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California Renewable Energy Overview and Programs
California, with its abundant natural resources, has a long history of support for renewable energy.
In 2009, 11.6 percent of all electricity came from renewable resources such as wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and small hydroelectric facilities. Large hydro plants generated another 9.2 percent of our electricity.
Around the turn of the 20th century, tens-of-thousands of homes in Southern California took advantage of the "California sunshine" to heat water for their homes. The oil crises of the 1970s gave rise to concerns over dependence on fossil fuels. At that time, federal and state tax credits helped establish a new solar and wind industry. Wind turbine farms cropped up on the slopes of hills in three primary locations.
Following deregulation of the electric utilities in 1998, the California Energy Commission was placed in charge of a new Renewable Energy Program to help increase total renewable electricity production statewide. This followed decades of bipartisan legislative and gubernatorial support for renewable energy, helping to make California a recognized leader in the field.
The Energy Commission's Renewable Energy Program provided market-based incentives for new and existing utility-scale facilities powered by renewable energy. It also offered consumer rebates for installing new wind and solar renewable energy systems. The program also helps educate the public regarding renewable energy. Find out more about the history of the program.
From 1998 to December 31, 2006, the Energy Commission's Emerging Renewables Program funded grid-connected, solar/photovoltaic electricity systems under 30 kilowatts on homes and businesses in the investor-owned utilities' service areas, wind systems up to 50 kW in size, fuel cells (using a renewable fuel), and solar thermal electric. The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) funded larger self-generation projects for businesses. Since 2007, the Emerging Renewables Program has focused on providing incentives toward the purchase and installation of small wind systems and fuel cells using a renewable fuel.
Effective 2007, the solar portion of the Emerging Renewables Program ended and was replaced with Senate Bill 1's vision for California to have two programs to support onsite solar projects: the Energy Commission's New Solar Homes Partnership and the California Public Utilities Commission's California Solar Initiative. In addition, there would be a variety of solar programs offered through the publicly owned utilities. This statewide effort is known collectively as Go Solar California and has a statewide campaign goal of 3,000 MW of solar generating capacity with a budget of $3.35 billion.
The CPUC's California Solar Initiative (CPUC ruling - R.04-03-017) moved the consumer renewable energy rebate program for existing homes from the Energy Commission to the utility companies under the direction of the CPUC. This incentive program also provides cash back for solar energy systems of less than one megawatt to existing and new commercial, industrial, government, nonprofit, and agricultural properties. The CSI has a budget of $2 billion over 10 years, and the goal is to reach 1,940 MW of installed solar capacity by 2016.
The Energy Commission's New Solar Homes Partnership, a $400 million program, offers incentives to encourage solar installations, with high levels of energy efficiency, in the residential new construction market for investor-owned electric utility service areas. The goal of the NSHP is to install 400 MW of capacity by 2016.
Committee overseeing Renewable Energy:
David Hochschild
Commissioner and Presiding Member
Renewables Committee
Utility Companies and Renewable Energy
In 2002, California established its Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) Program, with the goal of increasing the percentage of renewable energy in the state's electricity mix to 20 percent of retail sales by 2017. The 2003 Integrated Energy Policy Report recommended accelerating that goal to 20 percent by 2010, and the 2004 Energy Report Update further recommended increasing the target to 33 percent by 2020. The state's Energy Action Plan supported this goal. In 2006 under Senate Bill 107, California's 20 percent by 2010 RPS goal was codified. The legislation required retail sellers of electricity to increase renewable energy purchases by at least 1 percent per year with a target of 20 percent renewables by 2010. Publicly owned utilities set their own RPS goals recognizing the intent of the legislature to attain the 20 percent by 2010 target.
On November 17, 2008, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order S-14-08 requiring that "...[a]ll retail sellers of electricity shall serve 33 percent of their load with renewable energy by 2020." The following year, Executive Order S-21-09 directed the California Air Resources Board, under its AB 32 authority, to enact regulations to achieve the goal of 33 percent renewables by 2020.
SBX1-2 was signed by Governor Edmund G. Brown, Jr., in April 2011 to codify the ambitious 33 percent by 2020 goal. In his signing comments, Governor Brown noted that "This bill will bring many important benefits to California, including stimulating investment in green technologies in the state, creating tens of thousands of new jobs, improving local air quality, promoting energy independence, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
This new RPS applied to all electricity retailers in the state including publicly owned utilities, investor-owned utilities, electricity service providers, and community choice aggregators. All of these entities must adopt the new RPS goals of 20 percent of retails sales from renewables by the end of 2013, 25 percent by the end of 2016, and the 33 percent requirement being met by the end of 2020.
In October 2015, Governor Brown signed Senate Bill 350 to codify ambitious climate and clean energy goals. One key provision of SB 350 is for retail sellers, and publicly owned utilities to procure "half of the state's electricity from renewable sources by 2030." Upon signing SB 350, Governor Brown stated that "California has taken groundbreaking steps to increase the efficiency of our cars, buildings and appliances and provide ever more renewable energy. With SB 350, we deepen our commitment."
Timeline of California's Renewables Portfolio Standard
- 2002: Senate Bill 1078 establishes the RPS program, requiring 20% of retail sales from renewable energy by 2017.
- 2003: Energy Action Plan I accelerated the 20% deadline to 2010.
- 2005: Energy Action Plan II recommends a further goal of 33% by 2020.
- 2006: Senate Bill 107 codified the accelerated 20% by 2010 deadline into law.
- 2008: Governor Schwarzenegger issues Executive Order S-14-08 requiring 33% renewables by 2020.
- 2009: Governor Schwarzenegger issues Executive Order S-21-09 directing the California Air Resources Board, under its AB 32 authority, to adopt regulations by July 31, 2010, consistent with the 33% renewable energy target established in Executive Order S-14-08.
- 2011: Senate Bill X1-2, signed by Gov. Edmund G. Brown, Jr., codifies 33% by 2020 RPS.
- 2015: Senate Bill 350, signed by Gov. Edmund G. Brown, Jr. codifies 50% by 2030 RPS
- 2018: Senate Bill 100, signed by Gov. Edmund G. Brown, Jr. codifies 60% by 2030 & 100% by 2045 RPS
For assistance regarding the Renewable Energy Program areas, please contact:
Renewable Energy Call Center
Toll Free - 1-844-454-2906
Outside California - 916-653-0237
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Renewable Energy Rebates & Incentives
Renewable Energy Programs
- Renewable Energy Home
- Fact Sheet - Developing Renewable Energy
- History of Commission's Renewable Energy Program
- Combined Heat and Power
- Electric Program Investment Charge
- Geothermal Grant and Loan Program (GRDA)
- Guidelines, Publications, and Reports
- New Renewable Resources Account
- New Solar Homes Partnership
- Power Source Disclosure Program
- Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS)
- Continuation of the New Solar Homes Partnership Proceeding
(Docket: # 16-NSHP-01)
- Enforcement Procedures for Local Publicly Owned Electric Utilities
- Solar Energy Projects in California
- Avian Wind Guidelines
(Docket: # 06-OII-1)
- Environmental Information for Energy Planning
(Docket: # 17-MISC-03)
- Power Source Disclosure Rulemaking
Renewables Portfolio Standard
(Docket: # 03-RPS-1078)


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Sportsman Input Needed: Governor's Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation
Sportsman Input Needed: Governor's Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation
Sportsman Input Needed: Governor's Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation
Gov. Jay Inslee established the Governor's Blue Ribbon Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation through Executive Order 14-01 to develop an action plan and recommendations to manage, transform, better leverage, or develop Washington's outdoor recreation assets and state programs to increase outdoor recreation activities as well as promote the jobs and business associated with outdoor reaction.
The task force will hold several meetings across the state to collect information on regional priorities and suggestions for state action. The task force will complete a draft pan and recommendations by September 1, 2014 and a final plan and recommendations by September 18. The task force will expire on December 31, 2014.
• Charter
• Governor's briefing paper on the task force
Washington Blue Ribbon Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation
The Governor's Blue Ribbon Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation invites you to contribute your thoughts, ideas, and creativity regarding ways to transform outdoor recreation in Washington State. During the next four months, we will prompt you with questions falling under several key focus areas as part of an online forum.
We value your input and look forward to hearing from you!
Washington Governor Jay Inslee established the Blue Ribbon Task Force on Parks and Outdoor Recreation to develop an action plan and recommendations to manage, transform, and leverage Washington's outdoor recreation assets and state programs.
The action plan and recommendations will focus on the following:
• Increase outdoor recreation activities and promote jobs and businesses associated with outdoor recreation.
• Support and expand outdoor recreation jobs, businesses, and tourism across the state.
• Promote and expand recreationaly fishing and hunting opportunities as a way of advancing local economies.
• Promote outdoor recreation experiences and increase environmental awareness for youth, families, and adults.
• Support Washington-based businesses' use of Washington's quality of life and outdoor recreation experiences in recruiting and retaining talented employees as well as in attracting new businesses to the state.
• Develop long-term sustainable funding sources for Washington State Parks and other outdoor recreation lands and infrastructure managed by the Departments of Fish and Wildlife and Natural Resources.
• Develop recommendations for establishing an organizational mechanism to oversee implementation of the action plan.
The action plan and recommendations are due to the Governor and Legislature by September 19, 2014.
Reply #1 on: Yesterday at 10:20:26 PM »
Fellow Hunters, Fishers, & Recreationists,
This Blue Ribbon Task Force on Parks and Recreation provides an opportunity for hunters, fishers, and other recreationists to be heard. I am honored to have been appointed by Governor Inslee to serve on the Task Force. So that you have an idea of my background I'm a lifelong hunter, fisher, participant in all types of outdoor recreation, an outfitter and hunting guide for more than 35 years, a member of many sportsman's groups, owner of a popular Washington hunting forum, and on the Board of Directors of the Colville Fish Hatchery (a fisheries and vocational learning center for area high school students).
With your help, it's important that we (hunters, fishers, and other recreationists) provide insight and fresh new ideas to improve opportunities for hunters, fishers, other recreationists, and to help create recreational jobs that will benefit local economies. It's my hope to gather as much input and garner as much involvement as possible to help perpetuate our outdoor heritage, so please be as involved as you can.
Ready to make your voice heard? Get started here: Engage Outdoor Washington
How It Works
This is your community. Shouldn't you have a say in what its future looks like? Join this online conversation to connect with community members and local leaders.
Your community leaders have some questions, and they need your input. Submit your ideas and discuss with others on the Topics page.
As everyone weighs in, all your ideas are listed on the Activity page. Here, you can sort, rate and comment on them all in one place.
Who's Listening
The community leaders who are taking part in this conversation are listed on the Who's Listening page. They're taking your input into account and shaping the future of your community based on the feedback they're receiving from you and your fellow participants.
How do I get started? How do I customize my profile? How do I find out who is sponsoring this site? What is a topic? How do I provide feedback? How can I see what other participants are saying? What happens to my feedback? What does it mean when an idea is reviewed? How do I accumulate points? How can I share this site with my friends on other social networks? (and answers to other questions)
Top Contributors
Weekly Active Participants, All-Time Active Participants, Top Idea Generators, Top Commenters, Want to earn more points? Here's how!
Rewards Store
We want you to know how much we appreciate your contributions to our online conversation. Here you can redeem the engagement points you earned for great local rewards.
About this Site
Your community is officially sponsoring this site. At the About page, see who's listening and read about their goals for this forum.
GO Huskies!!
We must be doing okay since this participant says
perhaps we should have events to get kids interested in activities that do not impact the environment; photography, painting, bird watching and other such activities should be encouraged over resource intensive recreation such as hunting and fishing. Take only pictures, leave only footprints.
Is also saying this
I agree, this website doesn't work very well and (at least so far) has not reached a wide enough range of people.
Keep it up because they will show up eventually
GO Huskies!!
Still need support to counter.....
Harbinger G. added an idea in Economic Development #2!
Jun 21
Ban motorized recreation
Banning motorized recreation (which only a small percentage of people participate in) would make towns in forested and rural areas more attractive to a wider group of outdoor enthusiasts. It would decrease noise and air pollution, as well as erosion caused by these vehicles. Banning motorized recreation would also help to decrease our unsustainable use of fossil fuels.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The amount of pollution caused by motorized recreation is considerable, not to mention the erosion and degradation to ecosystems incurred by their use. Also, even in the numbers you mention, motorized recreation makes up only a small fraction of outdoor recreation in any western state.
------------------Harbinger G.
23 hours ago
Byron, even if it is certified by the EPA, it still consumes gasoline and releases CO2 into the atmosphere.
Steve, Hikers do consume fossil fuels to get to trailheads (although many drive hybrid or electric vehicles), but their actual recreation does not. Motorized recreation requires fuel even after a trailhead is reached.
GO Huskies!!
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Dessert bars are so much fun, I knew I couldn't resist when my friend, Amanda, told me she wanted one for her 30th birthday. I was completely sold on it once she told me the colors were hot pink and black! This was the first dessert table I had ever done, so I put a lot of time into baking and planning.
The party was held at my friend's tasting room, Malm Cellars, so I knew I would need to transport all of the desserts and items for setup. Creating a dessert table requires a lot of coordinating, and having some store bought items can make things a bit easier.
Lucky for me, there were a wide variety of store bought candies and confections that fit the pink and black color scheme. I purchased pink snowballs, black jelly beans, Good and Plenty candy, black and white ribbon candy, black licorice, white mini meringues, pink stripe candy sticks, white fudge covered pretzels, pink and white ice candy, white nonpareil gumdrops, pink rock candy, M&Ms (in pink, black, and white), black and white peppermints, and pink button candy.
The items that I made were chocolate covered cheesecake hearts, mini pink velvet cupcakes, mini pink macarons, and pink rice krispy treats.
If you are running short on items, you can always wrap truffles in tissue and tie with a bow that coordinates with your color scheme.
I love the button candy because the little dots really pop and make such a cute display. I just cut the pink portion from a rainbow strip of button candy and then used tape to secure it into a roll. The stacked rolls add a lot of visual interest.
The cheesecake hearts are a crowd pleaser and I am always looking for desserts on sticks because they add height to the dessert table. Whether it's cake pops, cookie pops, pie pops, or cheesecake pops like these, I like to include at least one "pop" item on every dessert table.
Apothecary jars filled with colorful candies are a great addition to any dessert table. Getting enough candy to fill the containers can be pricey and one way around this is to make some of the items or fill the jars with large items that take up a lot of space. I love to include rice krispy treats in my dessert tables because people really do love them (they are almost always gone first), and you can make them in any color just by adding food coloring to the melted marshmallows. You can also cut them into different shapes and sizes using a cookie cutter sprayed with non-stick spray.
The mini pink velvet cupcakes are a smaller version of my pretty n punk cupcakes. They are frosted with vanilla buttercream and topped with black sugar pearls. I still love Bella Cupcake Couture cupcake wraps, and these are the mini version of their Lu Lu Damask Black and White wrapper.
You may want to consider offering some gluten free or sugar free items for people with dietary restrictions. The french macarons are made with almond flour so they are perfect for gluten free guests. Also rice kripy treats, meringues, and most hard candies and jelly beans are gluten free.
Here are some photos of the dessert bar items in the making. I use sheets of shelf liner cut to fit my baking sheets to prevent the cupcakes from sliding around.
Chocolate covered cheesecake is not only delicious, but also easy to store. I freeze these pops and store them between sheets of parchment paper in plastic ziploc containers right up until the event. They thaw very quickly and some people prefer the taste of them frozen!
I just love these sparkly macaron tops! Pipe your macarons and then dust with a sprinkling of hot pink sanding sugar to get this effect. All these sweets are making me hungry!
Amanda had a great birthday, and the guests enjoyed overdosing on sugar, so I think my first dessert bar was a success. I had a fun time with it, and I hope you had fun taking a look. I am always looking for new ideas and items to include, and would love to hear any of your dessert bar tips, tricks, and adventures!


text: Flock is a London based female design collective founded by Catherine Anyango, Simone Brewster, Raquel Damas and Pernilla Ohrstedt. The objective of this collective is to push topical debate surrounding design and other creative fields and exploring it from the female perspective. During this year's London Design Festival Flock showcased their most recent works within their exhibition 'Adorn', curated by co-founder Simone Brewster.


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Fake Hair Articles
Celebrities with fake hair made to appear real.
Here comes Furiosa
Wenn, Splash
Charlize Theron was downtown in LA yesterday and the paps are saying it was a photo shoot for ESQUIRE, likely to promote Mad Max: Fury Road. The movie opens in May. Her character is called Imperator Furiosa. She's a shaved head warrior badass. For these photos though, she's working a very attractive blowout, possibly helped by a few extra pieces. Full Story
Selena Gomez: you shut me up
Wenn, London Ent/ Splash
FINE! You made me eat your sh-t on Selena Gomez's hair, Real Or Fake last week and I deserved to eat your sh-t. Because I thought it looked real and you were all like, no you dickhead, it is NOT real. Because it grew too fast and too thick and something about the pieces being even or not even, only I can't remember because too many of you were shouting, including my Hair, Real Or Fake mentor, Caleigh Full Story
Real or Fake: Selena Gomez edition
We haven't talked about real or fake hair in a while. Click here to see the previous entries. Yesterday when I saw these photos of Selena Gomez out with her friends before the premiere of Spring Breakers, my first thought was -- God, look at all that gorgeous hair. Full Story
Penelope three months later
Three months ago, Penelope Cruz was supposed to be three months pregnant. Some Spanish outlet reported it, and you know how that is, but everyone picked up on the story anyway and no one bothered to run with the denial. Anyway, here she is looking super, super hot at the San Sebastian Film Festival today. Full Story
Fried Chicken's best fake hair?
Check out Britney at her handprint ceremony yesterday and her hair in particular. It's not bad, right? Haven't consulted with my Fake Hair Expert Caleigh yet and I'm not saying that her extensions are as first class as Kate Beckinsale's but comparatively, given what we've been used to from her, this might be the best ever. Full Story
So...not together anymore, right?
Zoe Saldana and Bradley Cooper broke up. Then in June they were maybe back together in New York as she was seen heading into his hotel and possibly hanging out with his ma. Click here for a refresher. Last night they attended the LA premiere of The Words and posed for group photos side by side. Full Story
Mrs Cambridge is the ultimate team player
Pool/ Chris Jackson/ Getty
Prince William and his Catherine were at the Opening Ceremony for the Paralympics last night. Click here if you missed those pictures. They were back out today for Goalball (this sh-t is CRAZY and you should try and get a game in if you can) and at the velodrome for track cycling. Full Story
Kate & Matt open Venice...and more hair talk
Pascal Le Segretain/ Gareth Cattermole/ GABRIEL BOUYS/ Getty
Kate Hudson walked the carpet on opening night of the Venice Film Festival tonight for The Reluctant Fundamentalist. Pretty sure that's a Versace dress. Click here to see it on the runway, the 15th image. Kate's wearing both the straps on one side. Full Story
Kate Hudson: long pants and the fake hair test
Pascal Le Segretain/ GABRIEL BOUYS/ Getty
Here's Kate Hudson in Venice this afternoon before tonight's opening gala for The Reluctant Fundamentalist. She was in jeans earlier in the day wearing those peep-toe pumps from yesterday showing off her sick, SICK body. I love the cut of this suit jacket. Full Story
Pose Hard As A Couple
Wenn, Fame/Flynet, Jason Merritt/ Christopher Polk/ Getty
Lea Michele and Cory Monteith worked the carpet together at the Do Something Awards last night. As you can see, they're playing the "let me look up at you adoringly" pose. And the "whisper something funny, our inside joke, and we can laugh together" one. But while Lea's found a willing partner in the game, her dress, unfortunately, is a total bust. Full Story
A great white dress and on fake hair
Wenn, Ian Gavan/Getty
LOVE this Giambattista Valli dress on Jessica Biel. Maybe even more than I did when it was sent down the runway. So much that that f-cking fringe doesn't even bother me so much today. It's the collar. It's the lace sleeves. It's the feather peplum which is a refreshing improvement on the goddamn overplayed feather skirt. Full Story


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The annual scramble for Christmas presents is well and truly underway. Fiona Evans rummages around for ethical stocking fillers.
Feeling frazzled? Does the Christmas spirit seem to be getting lost in the chaos that besieges the festive prelude?
Then these ethical gifts are sure to restore your sense of seasonal goodwill.
Christmas with a conscience has never been easier, whether you want your present to be kind to the environment, ensure it has been fairly traded or know that buying it is helping someone to build a better life.
Whoever your gift is for, guilt-free shopping means festive joy all round; everyone's a winner.
Here's a taste of what's on offer this year.
1 Cafédirect Christmas Blend of Batch Roasted Coffee
What better way to herald Christmas morning than with a cup of organic coffee?
While the little people in your life explore Santa's latest offerings, sit down, take a breather and enjoy waking up the Fairtrade way.
Cafédirect is the UK's first and largest Fairtrade hot drinks brand and additionally invests 50 per cent of its profits back into the grower communities responsible for its coffee.
Through the Cafédirect Producers' Foundation real support in sustainable agriculture is available so that its growers can carry on producing delicious coffee.
The distinctive Fairtrade Mark means the ingredients within a product are made by people who are paid fairly for their hard work.
Where to buy: Ethical Superstore, Ocado, Oxfam and Amazon, plus many high-street retailers including Sainsbury's, Waitrose and Tesco.
2 Co-op Irresistible Winter Dessert Collection (Chocolates)
The Co-op was the first, and continues to be, the only retailer to use Fairtrade certified cocoa in all its own brands.
This tempting collection features spectacular festive flavours including sticky toffee pudding, double chocolate fondant and Christmas pudding chocolate treats.
Whether you plan to share or squirrel them away to enjoy alone, prepare for an indulgent celebration with these exquisite flavours sourced from the finest ingredients.
Where to buy: Co-op
3 Wooden Beard Comb and Cover
There's no excuse for unkempt facial hair with this vintage-inspired beard comb, carved by artisans working with Sasha in Kolkata, India.
The rustic wooden comb comes in a hand-stitched leather pouch, screen-printed by hand with an iconic statement moustache.
Sasha is a fair trade, not-for-profit marketing organisation for craftspeople and producers from across India. It has been working with artisans and craft communities in Kolkata since 1978.
Where to buy: Traidcraft
4 Moomins: The Invisible Child and The Fir Tree
This lovely hardback book is part of a partnership between Oxfam and Moomin Characters to raise funds for Oxfam projects supporting women and girls worldwide.
The Invisible Child is a short story by Moomin creator, Tove Jansson, about a little girl who turns invisible after being badly treated by the woman supposedly caring for her.
She is given a place to stay at the Moominhouse and, when shown warmth, kindness and respect by the Moomin family, she gradually reappears and regains her place in the world.
The book, which is produced from Forest Stewardship Council certified paper, also includes a second story - The Fir Tree.
Where to buy: Oxfam Online Shop
5 Handmade Paisley Pencil Case
Handmade by Aspiration, India, using cotton paisley fabric with contrasting piping and tassel, this Fairtrade certified pencil case is the perfect size for essentials.
Aspiration International is an Indian fair trading organisation that advocates for the welfare of artisans and their families by improving economic and social prosperity and providing fair wages.
It helps bring people out of poverty by enabling groups of artisans to stand on their own by giving them long-term, interest-free personal loans for their development, raw materials and education.
The pencil case is part of the Sourced by Oxfam collection, which features a range of products that are all ethically sourced, and benefit the supplier's local community and Oxfam projects worldwide.
Where to buy: Oxfam Online Shop
6 Stockholm Ecoffee Cup
Revolutionise your drinking habits with this stylish reusable Ecoffee cup which is also part of the Sourced by Oxfam collection.
Made from naturally sterile bamboo, it features a no-drip silicon lid.
Less than one per cent of takeaway coffee cups get recycled due to their plastic content, so this little gem offers an opportunity to enjoy a coffee while doing your bit to save the planet.
It's even packaged in a giftable recycled card box.
Where to buy: Oxfam Online Shop


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LaughSpin has the list of this year's New Faces of Comedy showcase at Montreal's Just For Laughs festival. Two Philly faces — Monroe Martin and John McKeever — will be telling jokes at the industry showcase notorious for attracting talent scouts, agents, network executives and French Canadians.
We wish them the best of luck. Break legs, but don't get all "move out of towny" on us, ya jerks!


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How Do You Divide Water Lilies?
Cindy – Galesburg, IL
Dividing lilies may seem somewhat complicated, but our step-by-step process will explain exactly what you need to do. Try to plan it so you divide them during your spring cleanout, which would give easy access to tubers. Dividing is necessary every two to three years, and it is helpful if you notice the lily grew mostly pads and few lilies over the past season.
Step 1: Remove lilies from pond or container and rinse off. Plant baskets are ideal containers until they are ready to be moved to the pond.
Step 2: Trim away root growth and old foliage.
Step 3: Cut the tuber down to size. You can safely cut the tuber down between two to three inches on the growing part with a sharp knife. This can be increased to five to six inches on longer plants. Remember to also cut off new buds and older leaves, so that the new root system has a chance to grow.
Step 4: Plant each tuber separately or discard if you wish to reduce the lilies' quantity in your pond. Use plant fertilizer and planting media for best results and a continuing healthy pond.
Step 5: Replant them shallow in the pond until new growth begins.
Step 6: Upon new growth lilies can be moved deeper into the pond.
Filed under: Aquatic Plants, Water Gardens & Features | Tagged: aquatic plants, fertilizer, plant food, pond plants, water lilies, water lily |


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- MagazineNetBackup, Avamar emerge as top backup apps
- MagazineDedupe performance is effective if not remarkable
- MagazinePare down primary storage
- MagazineManaging storage for virtual server environments
- MagazineWhat about the little guy? Data protection for smaller organizations.
- MagazineStorage innovation is moving up the food chain
- MagazineTape makes a comeback (but was it ever gone?)
- MagazineCentera: End of an era, or end of an error?
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Pare down primary storage
Data deduplication is moving from backup to primary storage. Dedupe's great for trimming primary data stores, but there are other technologies that can do the job.
There's been a lot of talk lately about how data deduplication is moving from backup to primary storage. Dedupe's great for trimming primary data stores, but there are other technologies that can do the job.
Standard in many backup and archival products, data reduction is now becoming more prevalent for primary storage. The main drivers for this phenomenon are measurable cost savings from having to buy fewer disks and reducing annual support fees, to lowering operational expenses related to storage management. Data reduction may also have a pleasant impact on data storage performance: by not having inactive data occupy valuable high-performance storage, overall storage and application performance may get a welcome performance boost.
In a typical enterprise, according to Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) research, 80% of files stored on primary storage haven't been accessed in the last 30 days; the same report asserts that inactive data grows at more than four times the rate of active data. With these facts in mind, it's no surprise that data reduction techniques have been making their way into primary storage.
But in contrast to data reduction methods for backup and archiving, primary storage systems can't tolerate even a little impact on performance and reliability, the two most relevant attributes of primary storage systems. As a result, data reduction techniques vary and have different relevance on primary storage than they do in storage used for backup and archival. On backup and archival systems, deduplication and compression are the primary data reduction methods, but for primary storage those techniques are clearly second to more subtle and proven approaches that don't hinder performance as dedupe and compression can. These are the main data reduction techniques that are being applied on primary storage systems:
- Choosing the right RAID level
- Thin provisioning
- Efficient clones
- Automated storage tiering
- Deduplication
- Compression
Choosing the right RAID level
Putting "choosing the appropriate RAID level" at the top of a list of data reduction techniques may seem strange at first, but unlike other data reduction approaches, it's the only option available on all storage systems and it greatly impacts disk requirements, performance and reliability. Were it not for its detrimental reliability shortcoming, RAID 0 (block-level striping across all disks without parity or mirroring) would be the most cost-efficient and best performing option, but losing the whole RAID group with the loss of a single drive makes it a no-go in the data center. RAID 1 (mirroring without parity or striping) and RAID 10 (mirrored drives in a striped set), on the other hand, combine good performance and high reliability but require twice the disk capacity and are therefore the antithesis of data reduction. RAID 5 (block-level striping with distributed parity) with its requirement for a single additional drive has been the best compromise in recent years, but as disks increased in size and rebuild times grew longer, the risk of losing two drives while the RAID is rebuilt after a drive failure has increased to an uncomfortable if not unacceptable level. As a result, storage vendors have been implementing RAID 6, which extends RAID 5 by adding an additional parity block and drive, enabling it to withstand two concurrent drive failures without data loss -- but it comes with a varying performance penalty, depending on implementation. RAID 6 and a RAID 6 performance benchmark should be on anyone's evaluation list when shopping for a new storage system.
"Unlike most of our competitors, we can do RAID-DP [NetApp's implementation of RAID 6] with only 5% overhead," claimed Larry Freeman, senior storage technologist at NetApp.
Thin provisioning
Until recently, there wasn't a real alternative to overprovisioning allocated storage and, as a result, storage utilization has been dismal. It's not unusual for companies to have hundreds of gigabytes of overprovisioned and unused storage in their data centers. "Before we had Compellent arrays and thin provisioning, we relied on users helping us estimate storage requirements and we added 20% to 100% to user estimates, depending on what application it was for," said Brandon Jackson, CIO of Gaston County, NC, describing the unscientific and wasteful process used by many organizations to ensure sufficient storage capacity.
Thin provisioning technologies can help put an end to this profligate management of storage resources by allowing storage to be assigned to users and servers beyond actual available physical capacity. Storage is allocated to thin-provisioned volumes on an as-needed basis. For instance, thin provisioning enables allocation of a 100 GB volume even though it may only have 10 GB of physical storage assigned. Thin provisioning is transparent to users, who will see a full 100 GB volume. The cost savings of thin provisioning can be tremendous and enables storage utilization beyond 90%.
The number of vendors that support thin provisioning is growing quickly, and it should be one of the key criteria when selecting a storage system. Keep in mind, though, that not all thin provisioning implementations are equal. While some systems require setting aside areas that can be thin provisioned, in others all capacity is available for thin provisioning without the need for special reservation. The ability to convert regular "thick" volumes into "thin" volumes, how unused storage is recovered and the way thin provisioning is licensed are other areas of differentiation. With more storage provisioned than physically present, running out of physical storage is an ever-present risk in thinly provisioned environments. Therefore, alerts, notifications and storage analytics are essential features that play an even greater role in thinly provisioned environments than they do in traditionally provisioned storage.
Efficient clones
Cloning is used to create an identical copy of an existing volume, and it has become more relevant with server virtualization where it's frequently used to clone virtualized OS volumes. The most basic and still predominant implementation of a clone is creating a full copy of the source volume, with the cloned volume allocating the same amount of physical storage as the source volume.
Enlarge SIDE BY SIDE: PRIMARY STORAGE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES diagram.
The next level up is the ability to clone thinly provisioned volumes. While some storage systems turn thinly provisioned volumes into thick volumes during cloning, others can create a copy of a thinly provisioned volume where the thinly provisioned source volume and cloned volume allocate the same amount of physical storage. "In our Virtual Storage Platform [VSP], we're able to create a thin-provisioned clone from another thin-provisioned volume," said Mike Nalls, senior product marketing manager at Hitachi Data Systems' enterprise platform division.
The most efficient clones are thin clones, where a cloned volume holds no data at all, but instead references blocks on the source image. Thin clones only have to store differences between the original image and the cloned image, resulting in huge disk space savings. In other words, a fresh clone requires minimal physical disk space and only as clones change do differences from the original image need to be stored. NetApp's FlexClone and the cloning feature in the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance (Sun ZFS Storage 7000 series) are examples of storage systems that support thin clones today.
Automated storage tiering
Automated storage tiering is another mechanism for reducing data on primary storage. An array's ability to keep active data on fast, expensive storage and to move inactive data to less-expensive slower tiers allows you to limit the amount of expensive tier-1 storage. The importance of automatic storage tiering has increased with the adoption of solid-state storage in contemporary arrays and with the advent of cloud storage to supplement on-premises storage. Automated storage tiering enables users to keep data on appropriate storage tiers, thereby reducing the amount of premium storage needed and enabling substantial cost savings and performance improvements.
There are a couple of key features to look for in automated storage tiering:
- The more granular the data that can be moved from one tier to another, the more efficiently expensive premium storage can be used. Sub-volume-level tiering where blocks of data can be relocated rather than complete volumes, and byte-level rather than file-level tiering, are preferable.
- The inner workings of the rules that govern data movement between tiers will determine the effort required to put automated tiering in place. Some systems, like EMC's Fully Automated Storage Tiering (FAST), depend on policies that define when to move data and what tiers to move it to. Conversely, NetApp and Oracle (in the Sun ZFS Storage 7000 series) advocate that the storage system should be smart enough to automatically keep data on the appropriate tier without requiring user-defined policies.
Well established in the backup and archival space, data deduplication is gradually finding its way into primary storage. The main challenge that has slowed adoption of deduplication in primary storage is performance. "Dedupe and performance simply don't get along," said Greg Schulz, founder and senior analyst at StorageIO Group, Stillwater, Minn. Nonetheless, deduplication has found its way into a few storage systems and it's simply a matter of time before others will follow.
NetApp offers a deduplication option for all its systems, and it can be activated on a per-volume basis. NetApp's deduplication isn't executed in real-time though. Instead, it's performed using a scheduled process, generally during off hours, that scans for duplicate 4 KB blocks and replaces them with a reference to the unique block. Instead of generating a unique hash for each 4 KB block, NetApp uses the block's existing checksum to identify duplicate blocks. To prevent hash collisions, which happen if non-identical blocks share the same checksum (hash), NetApp does a block-level comparison of the data in the blocks and only deduplicates those that match. As far as performance is concerned, "we can deduplicate an average 1 TB of data per hour," NetApp's Freeman said. NetApp's deduplication is currently performed by individual volumes or LUNs and doesn't span across them.
Archiving: Quick data reduction on primary storage
The simplest method of regaining valuable space on primary storage is through archiving. Companies, like individuals, have a tendency to keep too much stuff. Businesses keep reams of data on primary storage for the unlikely event it might be needed one day. Archiving can be as simple as relocating data to archival storage and restoring it back to primary storage when needed -- at zero cost. Those who want to automate the process of moving data into archival storage and restoring it to primary storage can use products like Symantec Corp. Enterprise Vault or Waterford Technologies' archival products that can leave "stubs" (references) to archived data on primary storage that conceal the location of files from users. The archival product will automatically pull data referenced by "stubs" back into primary storage when accessed, fully transparent to users.
Similar to NetApp, Oracle features block-level deduplication in its Sun ZFS Storage 7000 series systems. But unlike NetApp, dedupe is performed in real-time while data is written to disk. "The overhead of deduplication is less than 7%, depending on the environment and amount of changes in the environment," said Jason Schaffer, Oracle's senior director of product management for storage. Among smaller players, BridgeSTOR LLC, with its application-optimized storage (AOS), supports deduplication.
Another vendor apparently committed to data reduction is Dell Inc. With the acquisition of Ocarina Networks in 2010, Dell picked up content-aware deduplication and compression technology, which it intends to incorporate into all its storage systems. "Starting the second half of this year, we'll launch storage products with the Ocarina deduplication and compression built-in," said Bob Fine, director of product marketing at Dell Compellent.
While the aforementioned companies developed or acquired data deduplication technology, Permabit Technology Corp. has developed Albireo, a dedupe software library it intends to license to storage vendors, enabling them to add deduplication to storage systems with the advantage of time to market and without the risk inherent in developing it themselves. "With Xiotech, BlueArc and LSI, we have three announced customers, and we expect first product shipments with Permabit deduplication later in 2011," said Tom Cook, Permabit's CEO.
Compression shares many of the challenges of deduplication in primary storage. Like deduplication, compression has a performance overhead; it's limited to a volume and whenever data is moved out of that volume, it has to be decompressed, just like deduplicated data has to be deduped when moved from one volume to another. In an ideal world, different tiers, including backup and archival tiers, should be able to accept and deal with compressed and deduplicated data, but because of a lack of standards, they usually don't.
Compression and deduplication are complementary technologies and vendors that implement deduplication usually also offer compression -- BridgeSTOR, Dell, NetApp and Sun all do. While deduplication is usually more efficient for virtual server volumes, email attachments, files and backup environments, compression yields better results with random data, such as databases. In other words, deduplication outperforms compression where the likelihood of repetitive data is high.
In addition to the above vendors, EMC Corp. offers compression in its VNX Unified storage products and with the single-instance storage feature for file-based content, which enables storing single copies of identical files, it does offer some level of deduplication. IBM offers its Real-time Compression Appliances (STN6500 and STN6800) to front-end NAS storage; the appliances and the compression technology came to IBM via its 2010 Storwize acquisition.
"The Storwize real-time compression software will be a software feature on some IBM arrays later this year, and it will be available across all lines within 18 months," said Ed Walsh, director of IBM's storage efficiency strategy.
A blend of new and old techs
Data reduction on primary storage is a reality today and with the unchecked growth of data, it will undoubtedly become a key part of storage efficiency. Data reduction features like RAID 6, thin provisioning, efficient clones and automated storage tiering are becoming must-haves and should be on anyone's feature list when evaluating a primary storage system. Data deduplication and compression, on the other hand, are emerging technologies that will become more pervasive over time, but right now these relative newcomers are just beginning to have an effect on primary storage.
BIO: Jacob Gsoedl is a freelance writer and a corporate director for business systems. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Related Resources
- Tiered Storage - Optimizing the Storage Infrastructure –Fujifilm Recording Media USA, Inc.


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Just-in-Time Nesting--Concurrent Engineering with a Single Database
Traditional nesting technology has been stuck using the same wasteful and time-consuming process for the last 40 years. Here is a typical view of the process.
Wouldn't it be nice if the process could be reduced to:
It turns out that hundreds of manufacturers and thousands of machine tools now employ this new strategy. Many advanced manufacturers, large and small, currently enjoy the benefits of this new technology.
The reason that nesting technology is stuck and cannot move forward is simple: It depends on a human to push the buttons to tell the old, obsolete software what to do next. Human interaction takes time. It can take from hours to days to move multiple parts from CAD design to the CNC machine. However, the process can be reduced to 10 to 15 min., thanks to a new approach to nesting.
Old vs. New—Expert Systems
Let's compare old, obsolete methods to new technology, step by step.
The differences between the methods are substantial. The old method lacks any connection between the CAD design and the manufacturing results without requiring people to perform the related tasks. Note that there are two databases—one for design and one for the nesting system. If a design changes, all of the work to create an NC part program must be redone. Worse yet, any design changes require a complex process to match up the two databases. This process can be slow and lead to production of unusable parts.
Using the new method, a CAM interface runs internal to the CAD system. This allows design and manufacturing engineering to occur concurrently in a single database. Simply put, concurrent engineering creates a single location for storage of design and manufacturing data. Once a product is designed, it can be sent to the CNC machine within minutes. By having an expert system that will ensure all data is present to manufacture the design, and also ensure that the design can be manufactured with existing equipment and tooling, countless errors and design iterations can be avoided. This proves particularly important as companies move to true 3D models for product design.
Hours of work can be done in minutes. And, with less demanding programming requirements, the resources of valuable, talented people are better utilized.
Advanced Nesting Responding to Change
Nesting is the next step that the expert system performs. To create a nest, first the parts to be nested must be identified and entered into the nesting system. This may sound simple, but most manufactures have a very complex schedule, with parts due now and others due later. Hot parts show up unplanned, and schedules change—for a myriad of reasons. With the old method of nesting, an operator carefully selects a set of parts to produce and begins to push the buttons to create a series of nests. But as production environments change, it becomes impossible to develop a plan that will survive for very long. This can create chaos as fabricators strive for rapid response to maintain schedules in light of the changing environment.
Imagine an expert nesting system that responds so quickly to changing orders that a fabricator can wait until just before the next machine cycle to produce the nest. At this point, such an expert system will check all of the current requirements for hot parts, seek and evaluate schedule changes and machine availability, and then create the next nest. Consider the advantages of such a system:
• Schedule changes will be responded to in the very next machine cycle.
• Hot parts will show up in the very next nest.
• Multiple machines will be automatically balanced so that they are collectively als working on the most important parts.
• Machines with tooling would have the optimal setup, with minimal overall setup time.
• Material efficiency would rise dramatically.
• Throughput will increase while production transit time decreases dramatically. By having all of your production capacity focused on the most important parts, they move rapidly through your facility.
JIT Nesting
New technology based on expert systems can build nests just in time (JIT). In fact, this new technology outperforms a manual programmer because it can simultaneously consider material efficiency, schedule adherence, tool management and hot parts. Then the software can limit the number of open orders, manage the flow of orders from multiple raw materials, manage production flow and balance the production load over multiple machines. Optimizing all of these requirements and keeping up with production often is beyond the ability of a human programmer/operator.
Here's how JIT nesting works:
JIT nesting strategies work with a single machine or multiple machines. The machine operators run the system just like they interface with a typical DNC system that downloads the next program to run. The machine operator does not do the nesting; nesting occurs automatically. When the machine operator requests the next nest, the expert system checks the schedule, and then creates an optimal nest for the target machine. The completed nest then routes to the DNC system and is passed to the machine. Alternatively, for machines on the network, the program can be placed directly on the machine control.
Why does material efficiency rise? Since manual nesting is time consuming, multiple nests must be prepared in advance of being run on the machine. These nests typically are created from a fixed set of parts known to be needed at the time the nests are created. While the initial nests will make efficient use of materials, as nesting continues the number of parts left to nest becomes fewer, and so the nests become less efficient. This is called tail-off (Fig. 1 below).
JIT nesting avoids tail-off because the process never runs out of parts. New orders als are occurring as prior orders are being completed. JIT nesting blends the end of one set of requirements with the beginning of the next set of requirements, generating huge material savings (Fig. 2 above).
Advantages of this new technology:
• The fabricator will be able to respond to schedule changes in the very next machine cycle.
• Hot parts will show up in the very next nest.
• Multiple machines will automatically be balanced so that they are collectively als working on the most important parts.
• Machines using tooling will have the optimal setup, with minimal overall setup time.
• Material efficiency rises dramatically.
• Production flow is optimized to meet demand from any schedule method, including ERP/MRP, job-sequence scheduling and demand pull.
• Throughput increases and production transit time decreases; since production capacity is focused on the most important parts, so that they move rapidly through the facility.
Kit Nesting Manages Flow by the Job
Companies typically use one of three methods to schedule parts through fabrication:
Fig. 2—With JIT nesting, tail-off never occurs. New orders are als occurring as prior orders are being completed.
• MRP/ERP systems, used to create daily demand;
• Jobs are sequenced based on a shipping scheduled; or
• Demand-pull systems are used to dynamically schedule parts through the shop based on actual events.
Fewer and fewer manufactures build products for inventory. A shop that builds custom or standard products to order must flow each order to meet a ship date. In other cases the fabrication schedule must support various scheduled assembly lines in a planned order of product assembly. In each case, a single order explodes into multiple parts that then are fabricated from multiple dissimilar raw materials. All of the parts from each order must be completed in order to ship the end product.
The challenge: Scheduling these parts through the fabrication facility so that they flow together, a challenge that becomes even more complex when multiple machines are used. The solution lies in JIT kit nesting. Imagine a group of orders sequenced so that order #1 is to be produced first, then order #2, and so on through the last order in the sequence. To move parts through fabrication as quickly as possible, the manufacturer would like to use all available equipment capacity first for order #1, then for order #2, etc. JIT nesting with order management will accomplish this task and provide an optimal set of nests that ensures the order cohesion is met, producing the orders in the desired sequence at the lowest possible cost.
This method of nesting, called JIT kit nesting, processes each order as a kit of parts that must be fabricated together and flow together through the facility. The flow diagram looks like this:
JIT kit nesting provides intelligent production-oriented nesting that accomplishes the following:
• Manages flow of parts so that each order is produced together, managing machine load over multiple raw materials to complete the set of parts contained in the order.
• Merges the end of order #1 with the beginning of order #2 to keep material efficiency continuously high.
• Dynamically balances the work load on multiple machines by dynamically assigning work to each machine as it becomes available.
• Responds to changes in schedule and hot parts every machine cycle.
Fabricators that use JIT kit nesting can dynamically manage their production to satisfy their customer ship dates, without using complex scheduling systems not tied to the shop floor. With JIT kit nesting, a fabricator can immediately respond to machine breakdowns, schedule changes, hot parts and other events that impact production.
Nesting Using ERP/MRP Systems
ERP/MRP systems plan orders based on the time it takes to produce a part. Imagine a product made of five parts where part 1 takes one day to produce, parts 2 and 3 take two days to produce and parts 4 and 5 take three days to produce. The ERP/MRP system will launch production of parts 4 and 5 three days before they are required, parts 2 and 3 two days before they are required and finally part 1 one day before it is required. The goal is to produce all parts on time with the least amount of work-in-process inventory.
When a shop produces multiple products using the same equipment, it must produce a large group of parts today and each subsequent day. From this large list of parts made of multiple materials, the shop must create a production plan that will meet the schedule and minimize costs for materials, direct labor cost and setup. The production plan also must respond to any hot parts, schedule changes and machine breakdowns. Further, the plan must be able to transition from today's requirements to tomorrow's requirements without sacrificing material efficiency and productivity.
Consider a hypothetical order comprising five parts of three different materials. To simplify, all parts must be completed today. If the parts are to be welded together into an assembly, it would be beneficial to produce all five parts in the same timeframe—achievable with JIT kit nesting that keeps orders together.
MRP/ERP systems often add an order identifier or order number. We then can create a sequence of order numbers that will automatically control the production sequence. Once the orders are identified and placed in a sequence, JIT kit nesting can create an optimal finite schedule that meets the overall MRP/ERP schedule, while producing cohesive orders that smoothly flow through manufacturing. MF
See also: Optimation Software Products
Related Enterprise Zones: Fabrication, Software


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I'll be brewing my first batch this weekend and have been testing my makeshift fermentation chiller (big plastic tub with water and ice packs). I'm still trying different types and sizes of packs but have the following questions;1) is a constant temp more important than a lower temp? I'm thinking ill be around 68-70 using packs2) do frozen water bottles stay colder longer vs the blue gel packs? 3) doing no ice my water tub stays around 73. Will this make bad beer? Thanks everyone!
Go to home depot, buy a couple sheets of Styrofoam insulation and make a box to cover the tub and all. Maybe one sheet would do. Cuts with a knife and you can just tape it together.
What yeast are you going to be using? If you can't get the temp below 70, I recommend WLP001/WY1056/US05. They will be the most forgiving at higher temps. I usually hear that fermentation temp is usually about 5 degrees higher than ambient temp depending on the vigor and initial conditions.
If you go to buy the cooler bring your carboy. Make sure to account for airlock or blowoff
I remember it. Go forth and conquer. Lots of options out there. I'm a fan of the 14 cf chest freezer with a dual control
These are all good recommendations.Here's mine. It's your first batch. Do your best. Don't over stress about temperature and don't think you have to dump it if the temp rises to 70. Try to keep it in the mid 60s. You'll have beer either way.


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The huge value of new £5.5billion Premier League broadcast deals will be highlighted by the fact that whoever finishes bottom of the table on Sunday should earn more from TV money than the £60.8million Manchester United were paid after winning the league last season.
The new champions are expected to be paid £35million more, and the bottom club around £24million more than QPR earned after finishing bottom last season.
The Premier League has confirmed its merit money payments of £1.2million for every place each club finishes up the table, rising to £24million for the champions
That represents a 60% rise on last season.
Facility fees of £750,000 will be paid to a club for every live TV appearance, with a minimum payment of £7.5million.
There has been no confirmation from the league of the equal shares that will be paid to clubs for domestic and overseas broadcasting deals, but they are expected to rise by 60% and 70% respectively - in line with the increases in those deals - to £23million and £32million per club.
The huge rise in income should help a number of clubs turn their financial fortunes around, especially if they have been able to minimise wage bill rises for players this season.
How the Premier League payments will be calculated:
:: £1.2million paid for every place a club finishes in the league, up to £24million for the champions.
:: facility fees of £750,000 for every time a club appears on a live TV match, with a minimum of £7.5million.
:: equal share from domestic broadcast deals - not yet confirmed but expected to be around 60% increase to £23million per club.
:: equal share from overseas broadcast deals - not yet confirmed but expected to be around 70% increase to £32million per club.
Source : PA
Source: PA


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Welcome to
Located in the heart of historic Amagansett, Indian Wells Tavern offers casual dining for the whole family with a fresh, diverse menu in a comfortable atmosphere. Enjoy friendly service in the warm pub-like dining room or meet friends for a drink at the neighborhood bar where everyone knows your name.
The local year round tavern with something for everyone on the menu.
Indian Wells Tavern | 177 Main Street, Amagansett NY | 631-267-0400 | email@example.com |


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Three Chefs from Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts' Paris hotel took home the Golden Trophy and title of Meilleur
Traiteur de L'International Catering Cup – the Best Caterer of the International Catering Cup – at the prestigious 2015 International Catering Cup competition held in Lyon, France in January. Organised by the renowned Confédération Nationale des Charcutiers-Traiteurs et Traiteurs, the International Catering Cup has become the landmark event for the catering industry since it was launched in 2008. Chefs Jean-François Bury, Thomas Guichard and Olivier Pistre of Shangri-La Hotel, Paris successfully represented France, competing against 22 professional caterers from 12 different countries, including the United States, Switzerland, Netherlands, Japan and Italy. The competition consisted of 20 hours of practical tests and preparation split across two days. The competing chefs are known for creating spectacular buffets, which are scrutinised by a panel of judges made up of specialists in the catering industry, reputed chefs and existing holders of the 'Maeilleurs Ouvriers de France' distinction. There were two panels of judges - a Work Jury to assess the preparation skills and a Tasting Jury to judge the final product. The team from Shangri-La Hotel, Paris were recognised for their bold interpretation, technical expertise and team cohesion. The winning banqueting menu comprised of individual duck pâtés en croûte with exotic fruit chutney; a whole trout stuffed with cod and scallops accompanied by a sauce emulsion; Pig served in three creative interpretations; and a dark chocolate dessert combined with pineapple, coconut and lime.
Chefs Bury and Guichard currently oversee the outstanding banqueting food at Shangri-La Hotel, Paris – the palace hotel and original home of Prince Roland Bonaparte in the chic 16th arrondissement of Paris. For the competition, the duo were led and trained by Chef Pistre, who was the hotel's assistant executive chef. Chef Pistre will now take his culinary expertise to Shangri-La Bosphorus, Istanbul, where he will become executive chef.
The team worked together for over a year, spending three hours per week dedicated to preparing for the qualifications and eventually the final competition. Chef Pistre will oversee the hotel's IST
TOO restaurant, which offers a combination of Asian, Mediterranean and Turkish cuisines, plus a Japanese sushi bar, bringing with him the knowledge and prestige from his time in Paris. IST TOO is popular with the local market in Istanbul, especially for brunch, providing an ideal platform for Chef Pistre to establish himself as a leading executive chef in Istanbul. He will also look after Shang Palace, the premier Chinese restaurant in Istanbul, and the Lobby Lounge, which offers breakfast, lunch and afternoon tea.
Stefan Bollhalder, general manager of Shangri-La Hotel, Paris said, "I congratulate Jean-François Bury, Thomas Guichard and Olivier Pistre for this award. The victory is a result of a year of intense hard work by these young chefs, who have invested a great deal of passion and conviction into the competition. Their talent and motivation have enabled them to stand out against the twelve other international teams to represent not only Shangri-La Hotel Paris, but French gastronomy."Jean-François Bury: Chef Bury has over 16 years of experience, during which he has worked with a number of renowned chefs. He is currently the chef of the banqueting kitchen at Shangri-La Hotel, Paris, where has been since November 2011. Prior to this, Chef Bury spent nine years as chef de partie at another five-star hotel in Paris.Thomas Guichard: Chef Guichard is the sous-chef of the Banqueting Kitchen at Shangri-La Hotel, Paris where he has been since January 2011. Prior to joining Shangri-La, he worked in many prestigious establishments both in France and Belgium such as L'Ambroisie and the Pavillon Ledoyen.
Olivier Pistre:Chef Pistre was the executive sous-chef of Shangri-La Hotel, Paris since the opening of the hotel in December 2010. During that time he was part of the team who helped to secure prestigious recognition from Michelin for the hotel's exceptional cuisine, when the hotel's French restaurant L'Abeille was awarded two stars and the Cantonese restaurant, Shang Palace gained two stars. He has now taken the role as executive chef at Shangri-La Bosphorus in Istanbul.
About Shangri-La Group
Shangri-La Group is one of the world's premier developers, owners and operators of hotel and investment properties which comprises office buildings, commercial real estate and serviced apartments/residences. The Group's other principal activities include hotel management services as well as property development for sale. It currently owns and/or manages over 100 hotels globally in more than 75 destinations under the Shangri-La, Kerry, Hotel Jen and Traders brands. Prominently positioned in Asia, the Group has a substantial pipeline of upcoming hotel and mixed-use development projects in Australia, Bahrain, Mainland China, Cambodia, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia.
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As sort of a \"Unifying Theory,\" here's what I see so far with 3.6 (at least for some cameras:)
PS: I am running this thread concurrently on RawWorkflow.com as there is apparently a substantially different membership. I will try to keep both threads updated as well as possible:
http://www.pictureflow.com/forum/showth ... #post33753
1)Old workfile conversion problems
2)Lost Pixels
3)No support for incamera Custom white Balance on 10D or 20D (as per me)
and no \"Camera Custom\" choice for 20D. I'm quite sure that other cameras have been been reoprted to suffer from this
4)400% Zoom problems
5)Batch Processing either doesn't start or comes to a halt, or
application doesn't redraw and becomes unusable until through (as per D.S.@RW)
6)No Flash White Balance for 300D (as per Dave@RW) or 10D (as per me)
7)In some cases different results in previews and ready pictures (as per Klinke@PO)
From Phtogenix (RW) (renumbered to fit here:)
8A- 20D deletion problem from within CO leaving files ending in \".trashed\"
8B-Jorge Keys (PO) Some how deleting creates these files and are not showing in the trash colection folder. They are all over my system at this point.
9) Problems with thumbnails before CO generates previews (I know this is minor) - thumbnails look weird/bright
(I think it's CMM-related, embedded JPEGs should be treated as sRBG/aRGB but I don't think that's happening), crops not displayed correctly (ok once C1Ps are generated), possible
10) related to your #5 point, some people cannot do anything in CO while it's processing/developing (seems to be a multithreading issue?)
11) Still some EXIF problems (in both TIFF and JPEG output files, but most recently noted in JPEGs), including focal length, body, artist/copyright info
12) Related to your #1 and #2 is a \"duplicated strip\" of approx 70px for 1DMkII images (think I got that right!)
13) Media Reader should be optional at installation time
14) v3.6 is much slower adding captures (ie: when you open a collection)
From Dave Hutch(RW & PO):
15)C1 LE 3.6 does not preview or open files correctly that have been previously edited in Nikon Capture.
From Gnordstrom(RW):
16)This is more of a cosmetic bug (see http://www.rawworkflow.com/forum/showthread.php?t=6533):
When you change the size of the focus window there will be two focus frames in the preview window untill you change any of the focus parameters. After I filed this bug I've also seen in some rare occasions two images from both focus frames in the focus window.
Nicolas (PO:)
17)Don't forget the hot pixel removal tool problem, described here:
http://forum.phaseone.com/viewtopic.php ... 15131339d6
Jorge Keys (PO:)
18)Previews Flashing/Flickering During editing after multiple edits. Menu Reset stops this.
19)One more bug is that if you enlarge/resize the preview \"Alt-Up Arrow\" and switch from horizontal to vertical screen \"F8\" Capture One goes into an endless loop and locks up. You need to use task manager and end the process.
Noisebeam (RW:)
Loss of automatic hot pixel removal (reported to be for some PC/graphics cards) see: http://www.pictureflow.com/forum/showthread.php?t=6519
Ulf of Phase One has acknoledged this as a bug as noted on posts on the PO forum.
20)Speed is an issue here. Program takes over two minutes to process a Fuji S3 file.
Bill Hilton (RW)
21)ISO 50 with 1Ds, 1D M II (possibly others) gives incorrect overexposure in CO (but not in CS RAW or DPP). Holdover from V 3.5.2
Randy Brister (RW)
22)Too Small preview size on original 1D
ronha (RW)
23)tethering 1ds the images will not force rotate & the last image captured is not displayed in the preview window until you manually click on it in the thumnail area..


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resistance(redirected from Drug resistance)
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resistancenoun antagonism, assault, attack, battle, blocking, check, combat, confrontation, contention, contrariness, contravention, contumacy, counteraction, defiance, disobedience, fight, hindrance, immunity, insubordination, insurgence, insurrection, mutiny, noncompliance, nonconformance, obstinacy, obstruction, oppugnance, oppugnation, protest, rebellion, rebuff, recalcitrance, recusancy, refusal, reluctance, repugnance, repulsion, revolt, revolution, sedition, stand, strife, strike, struggle, unalterableness, unwillingness, unyieldingness, uprising, withstanding
See also: battle, conflict, contempt, contention, contest, contravention, defiance, deterrence, disadvantage, disapproval, dispute, fight, impediment, impugnation, mutiny, negation, opposition, protest, reaction, rebellion, rebuff, refusal, reluctance, revolt, struggle
RESISTANCE. The opposition of force to force.
2. Resistance is either lawful or unlawful. 1. It is lawful to resist one who is in the act of committing a felony or other crime, or who maliciously endeavors to commit such felony or crime. See self defence. And a man may oppose force to force against one who endeavors to make an arrest, or to enter his house without lawful authority for the purpose; or, if in certain cases he abuse such authority, and do more than he was authorized to do; or if it turn out in the result he has no right to enter, then the party about to be imprisoned, or whose house is about to be illegally entered, may resist the illegal imprisonment or entry by self-defence, not using any dangerous weapons, and may escape, be rescued, or even break prison, and others may assist him in so doing. 5 Taunt. 765; 1 B. & Adol, 166; 1 East, P. C. 295; 5 East, 304; 1 Chit. Pr. 634. See Regular and Irregular Process.
3.-2. Resistance is unlawful when the persons having a lawful authority to arrest, apprehend, or imprison, or otherwise to advance or execute the public justice of the country, either civil or criminal, and using the proper means for that purpose, are resisted in so doing; and if the party guilty of such resistance, or others assisting him, be killed in the struggle, such homicide is justifiable; while on the other hand, if the officer be killed, it will, at common law, be murder in those who resist. Fost. 270; 1 Hale, 457; 1 East, P. C. 305.