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Muslims, the Founders of Great Libraries in History
The human tendency of preserving the records of their achievements in various fields of life is very primitive and dates back to the beginning of civilization. Before the invention of paper, such records were laid down on stone slabs, clay tablets, parchments, leather and pieces of wood. The temples and State archives of Assyria and Babylon contained clay tablet libraries. The first library in Greece owes its existence to Pesistratus, who established it in Athens in 600 B.C. The largest library, before the advent of Islam was founded by Ptolemy in 287--84 B.C. at Alexandria, which is alleged to contain about a quarter of million books.
The birth of Islam provided great impetus to human pursuits of knowledge. The necessity of preserving the Quran and the Traditions (Hadith) awakened the spirit of collecting such writings in various forms, which paved the way for the establishment of the earliest libraries in the world Of Islam. The mosques which, during the early decades of Islam formed the nerve centres of all political, religious and educational activities, housed valuable libraries comprising books on religion, philosophy and science.
Soon, however, Muslims who distinguished themselves as the greatest patrons of learning, established during the days of their glory some of the biggest libraries of mediaeval times. The great intellectuals of their age including Avicenna the encyclopaedist, Ibn Miskawayh the historian-philosopher, Al-Fadl-Ibn Naubakht and Humayun Ibn Ishaq the renowned translator were entrusted with the responsibility for the organisation and maintenance of libraries. The Caliphate Raashidah and that of the Omayyads were the periods of conquests, consolidation and organisation,
Under Mamun, the Muslims formed the vanguard of civilization. During the time of the early Abbasid caliphs, every part of the globe was ransacked by the agents of the caliphs for the hoarded wealth of antiquity. Mansur was the first Abbasid caliph who took an active interest in the pursuits and propagation of learning.
He founded a translation department in which classical and scientific works were translated from various languages into Arabic. The philosophical, mathematical and scientific works of Greek masters, which otherwise would have remained buried in the dark recess of the Greek Imperial Palaces, were brought within reach of the common man bv translating them into Arabic.
According to the celebrated Urdu historian Maulana Shibli Nomani, the Darul Hukama (House of Wisdom) founded by Harun-ar-Rashid which was divided into two sections one was concerned with the translation work and the other related to the collection of books and housed a big library. Yahya Barmeki, the famous grand vazier of Harun had summoned well-known scholars from ditsant lands, who adorned the literary gatherings of the great Caliph.
Harun-ar-Rashid who had founded a big library at Baghdad had appointed Al-Fadl Ibn Naubakht, a renowned scholar and translator, as head of his library, The library contained a large number of books, which were efficiently arranged and catalogued. Harun had a good taste for books and even carried large number of books on his military and other expeditions. Once, when he had gone to Riqqah, he took eight boxes of books with him. His pleasure resort built on the bank of the Qatul canal, had a library containing about 1,060 books.
The reign of Mamun-ar-Rashid, known as the Augustus of the Arabs. formed the most glorious period in the field of intellectual achievements of the Muslims. He was the moving spirit behind the House of Wisdom, which employed the best brains of the age and acquired astounding success is a short span of 20 years. The library attached to the House of Wisdom was immensely enlarged and was managed by Sahl bin Harun and Saeed bin Harun, the Persians. A large collection of books of the pre-Islamic- era were added to the library.
The well-known book binder Ibn Abi-ul-Huraish was employed in the library for binding work. Humayun Ibn Ishaq, the chief of the translation department was also made the librarian of this famous library. Among the rare manuscripts preserved in the library were a document written on parchment by Abdul Mutallib bin Hashim (grand-father of the Prophet) and a few writings of Hazrat Ali and Imam Hasan.
The interest taken by the Caliph in the accumulation of literary treasures created a taste for books not only in his associates but also among the common man. A number of ministers, officials and wealthy people established big libraries by spending large sums. Yahya Barmeki, grand vazier of Harun, owned a big library which contained a large collection of Persian and Greek manuscripts.
Three copies of each book were kept in his library, which after the downfall of Barmekids were added to the Imperial library of Mamun. Fateh bin Khakan, the vazier of Mutawakkil Billah founded a grand library which contained rare books on astronomy. Muhammad bin Abdul Malik Ziyat, Prime Minister of Caliph Wasiq Billah established a private library on which he spent ten thousand rupees.
A big library was owned by Allama al-Waqidi, which was alleged to have contained 600 camel loads of books mainly on historical subjects. The libraries gained so much popularity that by the close of the 11th century A. D. there existed a network of libraries throughout the vast Abbasid Empire, and before the Mongol invasion, Baghdad alone had 36 big libraries.
Public Library
The first public library in Baghdad was opened by Sabur bin Ardeshair, the Prime Minister of the Buwayhid monarch Bahal al-Daulah. This was attached to the academy built by him in Baghdad in 991 A.D. Before the establishment of this library, all libraries were privately owned, and not open to the common man. This library of Sabur contained more than ten thousand books. This led to the opening of private libraries in the big cities of the Muslim countries including Baghdad, Cairo, Merv, Mosul and Tripolis.- The big colleges and universities of Baghdad, Neshapur, Merv, Cairo, Damascus, Isfahan and G-hazni including the world famous Nizamiyah and Mustansariya of Baghdad housed' splendid libraries. The principal mosques of the big cities-of the world of Islam, which served as teaching institutions, also had sections of libraries attached to them.
The Rise of Cairo under al-Muiz-li-dinillah added a spirit of rivalry in the patronage of learning between the caliphs of the Houses of Abbas and Fatimah. Al-Muiz has been acclaimed as the Mamun of the west and the Maecenas of Muslim Africa. The Fatimid caliphs Aziz and Hakim Billah were also great patrons of learning. Aziz has the distinction of adding an academy of higher education to the famous Al-Azhar mosque which housed a big library containing valuable books on Muslim theology, jurisprudence and philosophy. Caliph Aziz is also credited with founding an imperial library, one of the biggest libraries ever opened in the world of Islam. Allama Maqrizi has given its details in his well-known work Kitab Al-Khatat-wal-Aasar.
This library was housed in a part of the Imperial palace and comprised forty chambers. There has been difference of opinion among writers about the total number of books possessed by this library. According to the estimate of Ibn al-Tanvir it had 200,000 volumes, according to Ibn Ali Wasli it had 160,000 and according to Ibn Abi Tai it contained 600,000 volumes.
This famous library contained 18,000 books on ancient philosophy and 24,000 copies of Holy Quran. Once there was a reference of Kitabul Ain in the durbar of the Caliph Aziz, which was sent for from the library and the librarian presented 30 different copies of the required book. One of these copies was written in the hand of Khalil bin Ahmad Basri the author of the book, This library possessed a globe made by Ptolemy which was 2,250 years old and another globe made by Abul Hasan Sufi for Azud-al-Daulah which was purchased for 15 thousand rupees.
Among the rare manuscripts were specimens of the artistic writings of the renowned calligraphist Ibn Muqlah and an autographed copy of the history of Tabari. The Fatimid Caliph Al-Hakim laid the foundation of Darul Ilum on the lines of Darul Hukama (House of Wisdom) of Mamun. It was rather a rival institution and was equipped with a splendid library on whose upkeep large sums were spent by its patron. Great scholars and scientists were attached to the library, which was open to the public. Students were encouraged in research work and special apartments were reserved for the purpose. They were supplied with stationery free of cost.
The Omayyad Caliphate of Spain attained a standard of civilization which was only rivalled by the Abbasids in the East. Their intellectual achievements reached its zenith in the reign of Al-Hakam, who himself being a renowned scholar patronised learning and granted munificent bounties to the scholars. He founded a library of first magnitude in his capital Cordova. According to Philip K, Hitti, "Al-Hakam was a bibliophile; his agents ransacked the book-shops of Alexandria, Damascus and Baghdad with a view to buying or copying manuscripts.
The books thus gathered are said to have numbered400,000, their titles filling a catalogue of 44 volumes, in each one of which 20 sheets were devoted to poetical works alone" Al-Hakam, himself being an outstanding scholar, personally used a large number of these books and wrote marginal notes on most of the manuscripts which made them very valuable to later scholars. The celebrated Caliph paid extraordinary prices for the rare manuscripts and according to Ibn Khaldun he purchased the first copy of Aghani, written by al-Isfahani for a thousand dinars (four thousand rupees).
According to Ibn al-Aabar, the poetical works of the library were catalogued in 880 pages. There were employed more than 5,000 calligraphists in the Royal library for copying the manuscripts. The books were most systematically arranged in the library. There were more than seventy libraries and one thousand institutions of higher education in Andalusia alone. Besides the Imperial and academic libraries there were libraries owned by scholars and nobles.
It had become fashionable to own a library and the celebrated historian al-Maqqari has related a humorous story from Allama Hizri who was in search of a book. He found the book at a shop, but he could not purchase it as the price offered by another bidder was exhorbitant and was much above the actual price. The Allama questioned the rival bidder if he was much interested in the book. The reply given will sound strange these days. He said that he was not literate, but he wanted to buy the book for his library which he had established.
In the beginning of the 17th century A.D. Sharif Zaidan, Sultan of Morocco, who had to leave his capital,sent his library on a ship which was not delivered at the proper place, and on its way to Marseilles, fell into the hands of Spanish pirates. The booty comprising about four thousand volumes were placed by the order of Philip III, the Spanish Monarch, in the Escurial library which made this library the richest in Arabic manuscripts in the West.
Persia and Turkistan
The love for preserving and arranging books in the form of libraries had become universal in the vast Islamic domains. The possession of a good library was taken to be a great honour in those days.
Abu Masr Sahl bin Murzaban had spent his entire wealth on his library and had undertaken several trips to Baghdad to purchase books. One of the best libraries of the period was one owned by Muhammad bin Husain of Baghdad. Allama Ibn Nadim Baghdadi pays high tribute to the taste of its founder.
The library contained a copy of the Quran written by Khalid bin Ali Alhayaj, a companion of Hazrat Ali, besides the letters written by the Prophet and his family members. Aziz-al-Daulah (977--82 A.D.) a great monarch of Iran founded a splendid library named Khazinat-al-Kutub at Shiraz in which he endeavoured to place all books written since the birth of Islam till his own time. The library was specially known for its fine building and artistic equipments.
There were 360 rooms in the building and each subject was alloted a separate room with its own catalogue. The books were neatly arranged in almarahs and the library employed a large supervisory staff. Another library known as the Home of books was founded by Minister Fazl bin Amir at Rayy, near modern Teheran. It was supervised by the famous writer Ibn Miskawayh.
It contained 400 camel loads of books listed in a 10 volume catalogue and was frequently visited by the celebrated geographer Ibn Yaqut, who received great help from this library in compiling his world famous geographical enclyclopaedia. According toYaqut, Merv had ten big libraries, one which called Azizia had more than 12,000 books. Books were liberally issued to the readers and once Yaqut himself got 200 books issued in his name.
Mosques also functioned as repositories for books, says Philip K Hitti, Through gifts and bequests mosque libraries became specially rich in religious literature. The famous historian al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (1002-71A.D.) had willed his books as a waqf for Muslims, but those were placed in his friends home. Al-Mausil, before the middle of the 10th century had a library built by citizens in which paper was supplied to the student, who wanted to take notes from the books.
The Samanid King of Bukhara, Nub bin Mansur owned a magnificent library, which according to Ibn Khalikan possessed rare books on almost all subjects specially on philosophy. Ibn Sina(Avicenna), the re-known intellectual luminary of Islam was given access to this library as he had cured the king of a fatal disease. Later on, Avicenna was appointed its librarian and he was much indebted to this library for his encyclopaedic knowledge. The library was housed in a big building in which a room was allotted to each subject. The books were systematically arranged in boxes and shelves.
Saif-al-Daulah of Alleppo, the Hamadanid ruler had equal hold over the sword and the pen. He was a great patron of learning and had collected round him such intellectual giants as Abu Nasr Farabi, al Isfahani and Al-Mutanabbi. He ruled from 944 to 967 A.D. and founded a splendid library containing rare books on literature. The famous poet Muhammad bin Hashim and his brother were in charge of his library.
The great library of Tripolis (Syria) contained more than three million volumes, including 50,000 copies of the Holy Qur'an.
A number of special libraries had sprung up dealing with particular subjects. Cairo has the distinction of establishing the first hospital library containing a large number of books on medicine, which was attached to the hospital founded by Ibn Tulun. The Bimaristan, founded by the celebrated physician Zakariya.
According to Nasir-ud-din Toosi, Hulagu Khan established a big library at Maragha with the books looted from Islamic countries. The library contained more than 400,000 books.


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Here is the weather forecast for today (Thursday, September 5).
A dry and largely sunny start, however cloud will increase from the west into the afternoon with the odd shower across the north. Turning mainly dry with sunny spells again for the evening. Maximum temperature 17 °C.
Tonight will be dry with clear spells but thickening cloud bringing showery rain and strengthening winds to the north by the end of the night. Some locally heavier bursts of rain. Minimum temperature 11 °C.

subset: commoncrawl


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Last week I held my Open House event getting ready for the NEW catalog debut. I had a pretty good turnout and was so excited to show some new product as well as the catalog. The card was my Make N Take...so easy but such a WOW factor!
All Open Houses need food. I had sweet and salty :D Homemade cookies and cupcakes were a huge hit! See the red bucket - those held my goodie bags. Everyone that came got one (you'll see more about that in another post).
This table carried some of the new product as well as In Color samples. I made bookmarks showing the new colors and they were a hit. Nice reference to have!
Project Life is one product I'm excited about as I really want to get back into scrapbooking. I've already started getting pictures printed which is HUGE since it's been a couple of years. Next I need to sort and then I think I'm ready to start. Am I nervous? Heck ya...it's been a while! BUT I know there are a lot of friends (of mine) that are in the same boat and are ready to get started. So hoping I can motivate them as well!
Do you have the new catalog? Are you wanting one? Just email me for details. I'd be happy to get you one! You can order from the new catalog on my online website 24/7, HERE. Thanks for stopping by!


text: I started out with 2 pairs of lunapanties in my last month of pregnancy, and I loved them so much that I wore them everyday. Just after my son was born, I ordered 3 more pairs and I do wear them everyday. I cannot imagine having to wear a hot, sweaty, plastic pad for the next 4 to 6 weeks! Also, the people at the other end of the line are absolutely lovely, and my orders were shipped very fast. Thank you for making such a great product!


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The KL Industries Sun Dolphin Journey SS Kayak Review
Whether you are looking for a dinner catch of just kayaking for fun, a great kayak is a necessity. This will help you navigate through the waters smoothly and quietly as you get closer to the fish without compromising your comfort and convenience.
Sun Dolphin and KL Industries have collaborated once again to give us a kayak which is affordable, functional, and comprehensive in features so that our time on the water is exciting, enjoyable and unlike any other experience we have ever had.
So read on for some interesting information on Sun Dolphin Journey 10 Review.
Table of Contents
Features of the Sun Dolphin Journey SS Kayak
The features of the Journey SS kayak are comprehensive and highly beneficial to the avid paddler, and below, we are going to look at each of the features as we try and understand the kayak even more.
Comfortable Seating
When it comes to the seating area of the Journey SS, Sun Dolphin has opted to go with a large and open cockpit that allows for easy entry and exit.
The sit-on-top design is extremely conducive for fishing and allows you to spend hours on the water without feeling fatigued.
Additionally, the Journey SS has a padded seat back and adjustable foot braces, which can cater to paddlers of all sizes. The end result is a kayak that is simple to maneuver and track, and a kayak that will leave a huge smile on your face as you fish.
Sufficient Storage Compartments
If you are like me, then you love to carry sufficient (and sometimes excess) gear and belongings when you are out on the water. There is nothing wrong with this; after all, you do not want to find yourself in the middle of a large lake without your essentials.
That is why the Journey SS has a Portable Accessory Carrier (P.A.C) which can be utilized as additional storage in the form of a backpack or a tow behind.
Additionally, the kayak has shock cord deck rigging and a dry storage compartment to secure your belongings.
Multiple Rod Holders
One of the most important features on the Journey SS, in my opinion, is the three-rod holders. This tandem kayak has 2 stationary flush mount holders and an additional swivel rod holder that allows you to fish off the front of the boat or either side of the boat. This is fishing made easy!
High-Density Polyethylene
When purchasing a kayak, you want to get a product that will last for an extended period of time. This model is designed with a Rugged UV-stabilized Fortiflex high-density polyethylene for durability. The kayak will still maintain its good look even after using it for a long period of time.
- Colors are varied; drab green, sand, olive
- Storage is waterproof
- Sit-on-top design is great for casting
- Stable
- Legroom is sufficient
- Getting in and out of the kayak is simple
- Tracking and maneuverability is excellent
- Easy to carry
- Comfortable seating
- No scupper plugs
- No side handles
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Is the seat of this kayak comfortable enough?
A: Personally, I have used this kayak, and I find the seat very comfortable. The kayak has a large sitting area with protective thigh pads.
Q: What are the dimensions of this kayak?
A: This model measures 120 x 30 x 11 (L x W x H).
Final Verdict
As you can see, the Sun Dolphin journey 10 ss is an excellent fishing kayak which can be used on both lakes and rivers. With the quality design, extensive features and affordable price, this kayak is definitely one to own,
Despite its lack of scupper plugs and side handles, the Journey SS has managed to establish itself as a valuable budget angler kayak to own. So you can buy it today.
Related Posts:
- Old Town Canoes & Kayaks Vapor 10 Recreational Kayak Review
- The Lifetime 10 Foot Sports Fisher Tandem Kayak Reviews
- Coleman Rio Canoe Hunt Fish Kayak Review
- Best Kayak Seats On The Market – Top 7 Models Reviewed!
- Best Kayak Carts, Wheels & Trolleys – Top Models Reviewed!
- Best Trolling Motors For Kayaks – Freshwater & Saltwater Models
- The KL Industries Sun Dolphin Aruba SS Kayak Review


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CALGARY, ALBERTA–(Marketwired – Nov. 28, 2013) – Canadian Oil Sands Limited ("COS") (TSX:COS)(OTCQX:COSWF) plans to announce its 2014 budget, including capital spending and production outlook, after markets close on Monday, December 9, 2013.
A conference call and webcast will be held the following day, December 10, 2013 at 9:00 a.m. MT (11:00 a.m. ET). To participate in the live call please dial the following number approximately 10 minutes prior to the conference call:
Toll-free in North America: 1-888-231-8191
Calgary and International calls: 1-403-451-9838
To listen to a recording of the call, available from 12 noon MT on December 10 to end of day December 17, 2013, please dial and enter the following passcode:
Toll-free in North America: 1-855-859-2056
Calgary and International calls: 1-403-451-9481
Passcode: 18277291
An audio webcast of the conference call will be available on Canadian Oil Sands' website at the following link:
Canadian Oil Sands Limited
Canadian Oil Sands is a pure investment opportunity in light, sweet crude oil. Through our 36.74 per cent interest in the Syncrude project, we offer a solid, robust production stream of fully upgraded crude oil, exposure to future crude oil prices, potential growth through high-quality oil sands leases and an attractive dividend.
Siren Fisekci
VP, Investor & Corporate Relations
(403) 218-6220


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Many thousands of people every year are wrongly paying for long term care
What do the following statements have in common?
- "Mum's got a house, so she'll have to pay for care for the moment."
- "The care home manager said they'll do a Continuing Healthcare funding assessment when Dad gets to 'that stage'."
- "At the hospital they asked if mum has savings. When I said yes, they confirmed she'd have to pay for her ongoing care."
These statement have one thing in common: They are all wrong!
If you or a relative needs full time care and you have health needs, you need to understand some vital information about paying for care
The above three statements all stem from the completely false assumption that if you have money/assets you always have to pay for your care. This is not true.
Not only that, it completely misses the whole point of the NHS Continuing Healthcare funding assessment process!
Let's look at each statement a bit more closely:
"Mum's got savings, so she'll have to pay for care for the moment."
It's NOT a person's money that determines whether or not they pay for care. This is a vital point to note. It's a person's care needs ONLY that dictate whether or not they pay – or whether the NHS pays instead.
What's more, the only way to know whether a person's care needs meet the criteria for full NHS funding is for an NHS Continuing Healthcare assessment to be done – and done properly.
Most of us have been conditioned to think that we have to pay just because we have some money or a house. This is false. This conditioning often comes from what we read in the press and also from misinformation reported by families as being given to them by some health and social care authorities.
"The care home manager said they'll do a Continuing Healthcare assessment when Dad gets to 'that stage'."
This is a very common mistake – and it leads to thousands of people in care paying care fees out of their own pocket when the NHS may actually have a legal duty to pay the whole cost instead – as a result of an NHS Continuing Healthcare assessment.
It may be said out of ignorance, or perhaps because the care home manager knows that the NHS will pay the home less that they can charge a self-funder, or maybe because the person saying it wrongly believes a person has to be at the end of their life to get any funding, or perhaps because the person saying it has themselves been misled by the health and social care authorities into believing that people with a house or savings have to pay.
No one can say whether a person in care has reached 'that stage' until an NHS Continuing Healthcare assessment has been carried out. That's the whole point of the process: to see whether they do or don't have to start paying in the first place.
This vital information about paying for care often doesn't get passed on to families.
If an NHS Continuing Healthcare assessment shows that a person does need to start paying for their care at this point (based on their care needs, not their money), they can still be reassessed for NHS Continuing Healthcare at a later date, should their care needs increase.
"At the hospital they asked if mum has savings. When I said yes, they confirmed she'd have to pay for her ongoing care."
We hear this all the time: that the first thing a family is asked when a hospital is trying to discharge their relative into full time care is whether or not the relative has any money. It should be a Continuing Healthcare assessment that establishes who covers the cost of care.
As with the previous statement, mistakes deciding who pays for care are often made at this point – with the family none the wiser that this is a clear breach of funding assessment guidelines and a disregard for case law (especially the Coughlan case) when it comes to assessing care needs and deciding who pays.
Get assessed for NHS Continuing Healthcare funding
At Care To Be Different we have heard from hundreds of families over the years whose relatives have been misled into paying for care – simply because their relatives had some savings and/or a house.
As we've seen, this is not what should be considered first. It's a person's care needs that should always be considered first – through an assessment for NHS Continuing Healthcare. Read about the stages of the Continuing Healthcare assessment process here.
Indeed, under the Care Act 2014 it is a specific requirement for any local authority means testing assessor to confirm that NHS Continuing Healthcare funding has been properly considered at the outset. It is likely, though, that many families will not be told about this.
Remember also that you don't have to be in a nursing home to receive NHS Continuing Healthcare funding; you can be in an ordinary residential care home or even in your own home.
If you have a relative needing full time care – or about to need it – read more here about care fees and who should pay. And if you know someone in this situation, please share this vital information about paying for care.
Have you been affected by any of the above?
34 Comments
I'm not sure if anyone is available to reply on here as I can see the last comment was some time ago. I am so happy I came across your website.
Me and my family are currently looking for dementia care for my Nan. She is 91 and has always lived at home with my Grandad. She has been in and out of hospital over the last year with different problems and is currently in the hospital now after a bout of pneumonia. Every time she is in the hospital she gets a bad case of delirium, which will often mostly clear when she has been discharged and is back home. However, in the last few months, this has failed to clear when home and she was admitted into hospital as my grandad was unable to cope with her cognitive state, mainly struggling at nighttime. As she is still in hospital she hasn't been diagnosed with dementia, however, it is looking likely that she may have Lewy Bodies.
She has recently had 2 assessments to establish what support she will get. Her and my grandad have no money and live in a council property. We have been told that she qualifies for a weekly contribution by the local authority of just under £600 a week. However, the homes that we have been sent to look around have been beyond terrible. We are all heartbroken at the thought of her having to spend any time in any of them (my grandad even refused to look round one as it smelt so bad and the staff were so unprofessional). I have found some lovely care homes near my grandad which would be perfect as he will be visiting her every day. However, they are more around £1250 a week. Unfortunately, as a family, we are unable to 'top-up' to cover the fees.
I am confused as to what funding she has qualified for, is she classed as 'fully funded?' do the LA only ever pay a fixed amount? I would love some advice about the above as I only want the very best for her.
Thanks, Natasha
The nursing home charges £4,400 per month when dad moved into nursing care. We then find out that that they have applied for NHS Funded Nursing Care (FNC) payments and just keep that for themselves. I later found information from care to be different and page 16 of the department of health public information leaflet that it should be reflected in their charges. Not only that they should have done a Continuing Healthcare assessment first, according to the National Framework for NHS Continuing Healthcare and NHS Funded Nursing Care, before apply for nursing funding. How low can people stoop taking advantage of people who are too sick to fight back and their struggling families trying to fight a corrupt system. Unbelievable. How they can justify £4,400 a month for a start and then steal money that should be taken off and when questioned they just ignore you or say its not their policy.
My mum has dementia. She is 89 and has been in a home for 15 months. This is the fourth home. The first three would not keep her because she escaped all the time. Often many times a day. She is physically quite well but has no cognitive powers at all. If she escaped and was not found I think she would go missing and eventually turn up dead.
At the original assessment they said she ticked the boxes to be assessed for a Continuing Healthcare (CHC) package. Now she is in a totally secure home we have now been told she doesn't tick the boxes. My argument is that it's because this is a totally secure home. She rattles the doors all the time and the garden gates. If she could escape she would. We phoned dozens of homes and they refused to take her because she escapes.
The assessment seems very biased towards physical issues rather than mental ones. It was impossible to keep mum at home because she would not stay in and walked for hours. She tried to light both the electric fire and the radiator thermostat with matches and had bonfires in the garage. She personal hygiene is non existent and she is prone to double incontinence.
We have asked for a second assessment and have been waiting since last year.
I realise you made this post 12 months ago so you may be at a different stage now but you are right. Your mum would still qualify. Her needs are the same even though they are managed better because she is in an appropriate setting. A managed need is still a need.
I have read all these comments and responses with great interest and have learned so much. My mother has had Alzheimers type dementia for nine years. To begin with I cared for her, but working full time and caring for mum was not sustainable. We bought in several services to help out. When she started to become aggressive I sought help through the GP and social services. A small care package was organised and meals delivered. Over the years her care needs were reassessed until she had four visits per day. By now she was wandering across a busy road. As she is completely deaf she would not hear traffic approaching which was a huge concern. Even with all the care in place mum still had a precarious existence. The carers and I often arrived to find the house full of smoke where she had forgotten about the pan she had put on the cooker. Her dressing gown was burnt, she threw pills on her gas fire which ended up being disconnected as it was too dangerous. She had all kinds of safety devices fitted and I regularly responded to urgent messages from the call centre. She fed her dinner to her cat and one time I found cat food in her dinner and was unsure who had eaten what! Mum stopped having a daily bath and refused to let the carers help her. She hadn't bathed or showered for months; being doubly incontinent the house and mum did not smell too good. Mum fainted sometimes, she would have unexplained cuts and bruises on her face and arms and even a broken tooth! She broke her hip about four years ago and spent time in hospital but was sent home after a few weeks. Finally a year ago she was admitted to hospital with a nasty UTI, she became hysterical looking for my dad who had died years earlier. The professionals finally announced she did not have 'capacity'! after a period of respite care it was agreed that mum should go into self funded permanent residential care. Following an assessment in hospital we were informed that she wasn't 'bad enough' to receive CHC funding even though she exceeded the recommended scores on the front of the document. We have now used all her savings and are about to hand over her house to social services. I want to attempt the CHC process again as she is now registered doubly incontinent, although this has been the case for several years! I have used so much energy to keep my mum safe and happy in her own home. She is now living in a beautiful place where people genuinely care about her. She is warm, clean, well fed and very safe, above all she is happy and |I can visit any time I wish. I do feel we did well to keep her at home for nine years, but now I am trying to hold onto her remaining asset. She cannot live at home as she is a danger to herself and others. She is deaf, incontinent and has extremely short term memory. Is it worth trying to go through the CHC process again and would she be successful this time?
Thank you for all your info Angela its so valuable. Could i ask you one last thing. I think my Mum should score 2 As and a B on the checklist but I was told by a legal person that if the assessor disagrees you can't appeal the checklist? Only the full assessment?
Genevieve, I believe that you can ask for the full CHC assessment to go ahead regardless; even if the Checklist is used to decide that there are no needs for funding.
My Mum has had Dementia for 5 years and has been in an expensive Care Home for the last year. The 6 NHS homes I looked at I would not put my dog in. The local Authority is paying the fees for now and wants me to sign a contract with them to put a charge on her property. I have not signed it and then came across your website. I live in hope. Now I am going to stall the process in order to get her assessed. My Mum also has ECT in the 1950's which is supposed to be linked with early onset Dementia. Her is very specific as she has absolutely no short term memory. I thought CHC was just for someone who has health issues and that Dementia is Mental Health so does not count? Your advice would be fantastic.
Today we completed the DST for my mam. At the end of the meeting we found out that we would not eligible for Continuing Care funding. We were then told that we would be responsible for mam's funding for her placement in the care home from today (it has been paid for by the local authority whilst waiting for the DST meeting). We accept that we will be responsible for this funding but I just wish to confirm that this should start even before the decision from the CCG. Everything is stacked against relatives in this process. Everything I read from the Care to be Different booklet was apparent in the meeting so it was hugely helpful to at least have this support through what has been a truly awful time. I feel frustrated and angry about the whole process.
Thanks for that advice I will be wary of those issues.
Just about to go down the Full Time issue with my mother. She was diagnosed with Dementia two years ago and has gone down hill rapidly. She has to have carers in three times a day otherwise she 'forgets' to eat and her cognitive senses are virtually non existant. She has been paying for carers for sometime through social services, but having read your book I am now preparing myself for battle and setting up an NHS Continuiung Care review. Another issue for us is that I live in Australia and my brother in Germany, my father having died 9yrs ago. I am going to the UK shortly to start the ball rolling and attend her upcoming Memory Clinic Appt. Reading all your comments I cant believe the minefield you have to tip toe through!
Hi Chris H,
Whilst you are here, It would be wise to contact the council and the NHS personnel involved so that they understand that you will be operating from Aus' on your loved one's behalf. Perhaps laying some ground rules (in writing perhaps), for correspondence would be a good start.
I say this because both organisations seem to delight in answering e-mails with printed letters. Often registered delivery or signed for etc. That might cause problems in timing or they might just refuse to deal with you because of the fact that you live outside of the UK.
At times they also clam up and stop corresponding until you provide them with proof that you are operating on behalf of someone. They claim the Data Protection Act is the reason. Yet ignore that they have already met you face to face and have already corresponded with you when they thought that you would be immediately compliant and sign away your loved one's rights and money. As soon as any hint of evidence gathering or dissent is detected they will try that trick.
So get that sorted from the outset or you might well have to come back to do it.
Good luck.
Hi Chris,
It might seem mercenary but I would look into being reimbursed if I had to travel far to provide care or assistance with admin etc. After all the mercenary council will want reimbursing for care if they decide it is within their remit to provide. Better perhaps to deny them some of that money if the travel need is legitimate.
Bearing in mind the cost of travel it might be well worth seeking a financial and or legal opinion if your loved one has that level of resources to expend.
In my case I was torn between the NHS Framework approach and the LAW. I needed the two to somehow meet.
When I contacted a couple of specialist solicitors, it transpired that they used experienced nurses to act on their behalf, presumably because they thought this this route offered a more realistic chance of success.
I went along with it and have since secured funding for my mum. The nurse was a little older and very much on the ball regarding Continuing Healthcare, Clinical Commissioning Groups, Decision Support Tools, etc.
Yes, it's true that mum had moved into a Nursing Home but I wasn't happy pursuing the matter any further because I simply carried no clout whatsoever.
Maybe this is the way forward for others who feel they are being crushed by bureaucracy.
Hi Pete, we did the same thing back in 2012.
At the Independent Review (IRP), the specialist nurse provided her opinion of the DST evidence and along with our observations of procedural wrongdoing two assessments were overturned.
This time we could not get her to do it again for some reason. But by using what we had learned from her, we got another IRP in 2015 to agree with us.
Hi Pete, We are going through the same thing at the moment. Congratulations. Its a long battle with CHC. What was the solicitor you used if you dont mind me asking?
I would just like to echo Julie's thoughts about care homes enthusiastically helping the CHC refuse, or take away CHC funding, as I also had similar problems. I too was refused access to nursing home records and care plans even with POA. I fought for over 2 years to get CHC for my late mother but was severely hampered by the nursing home staff. At the last assessment she was found eligible by the MDT but this was thrown out by the CCG through lake of evidence and poorly kept records.
I am now trying to get access to her GP records under a the access to records act and although I have filled in the appropriate forms, paid the required fee, I still have not received them after 83 days, apparently they need to be signed off by a GP yet it would appear that no one knows who is responsible for doing this.
I have also tried to get information from the CCG about how they made the not eligible decision and again, although I have sent them the appropriate forms and the required fee they too are stalling. The request was made over 2 months ago and after several telephone calls they now tell me that they have never received the payment. Somehow the whole system seems to be a complete shambles, they don't even follow their own rules.
The care home seems to be enthusiastically helping the CHC take away dad's funding. They say he 'has got better', this is a man with dementia, practically imobile, unable to use his legs. arms hardly hold a spoon, left in bed most of the time with a sore bottom (apparently his bottom is unusually sensitive – huh?) with the skin constantly about to break, acute kidney injury, prone to uti's as he can't reach out for drinks, fast heart rate, put on dygoxine (without telling me) and not tested for toxic build up in kidneys. The CHC manager asked how old he was and asked if he really wanted to live longer, it sent a chill down my spine. The care home allow social workers or other professionals into the home to see residents without even informing relatives with PoA in place. We were shouted down by CHC, told he would have CHC removed and in the next breath the social worker said she had done an assessment and it was decided he needed a finacial assessment. I as denied access to his care notes prior to meetings, then still denied access to his medication charts, am still not kept up to speed on his gp visits despite visiting him every day. It isn't easy to fight for someone to fight the system hich has tied your hands by not giving info. We are appealing but, despite requests, have not been given full CHC or SS notes
My Mum has a diagnosis of mixed dementia for past 6 years. My sister and I looked after Mum in her own home
We had no social worker we were told Because Mum had own property and money that the social worker budget would not allow them to give any time at all to mum or sister and me as mum was a "self funder " we only wanted advice.
Mum's care needs were very high and one night she was found wandering the streets at 2am. At this point Mum was not safe to live at home, so with very sad heart Mum went into a Care Home that sister and I found after a great struggle. No support from NHS or Social Services because Mum was a self funder.
We paid care home fees for 2 years and kept being told Mum not entitled to NHSCHC. But I knew she was entitled to an assessment.
This took 8 months to get. First time care needs did not meet list criteria so appealed assessment. Completed again 1 month later and the 1st assessment was deemed to have been found to have not been completed correctly.
Mum received funding immediately.
Whoever is trying to get funding keep going. It is a very hard struggle on top of all emotions you feeling for loved ones, but you are entitled to an assessment and it being done correctly.
I can help anyone if they need help in applying and battling.
Hi Wendy
Am battling with NHS re: my fathers care needs, he has dementia and mestatic prostrate cancer. Can you kindly advise?
The care in the UK is a disgrace. My mother has nearly used up all her life long savings on care home fees. the NHS continuing healthcare declined to help despite having 2 strokes apparently she was not ill enough!.I appealed and they still said no help but would qualify for small funding if she went to a nursing home! She has now had another stroke that has left her totally unable to move and in hospital. The care home have assessed and said they cant help anymore and still taking the full cost to reserve her room or I am forced to give it up with nowhere to go only a state run nursing home which the 2 local ones i have visited are not fit for a dead dog!!. The hospital social worker has not done a new continuing healthcare review as she says she still will not qualify. The funding is only given to people who have expected lifespan of less than 3 months and 'fortunately' the doctors do not think she is at this stage yet. My dad is nearly 94 been a full time carer for 4 years. Are we faced with my Dad trying to cope at home again? is there no help at all? I am working all hours God sends me and even through the night to try and earn money to pay my own commitments and to save as the county council pay below half the local care home fees so I am still left with finding £267 a week now and if she goes into a nursing home at £1,000 a week that makes it impossible for me find at £554 a week which I simply do not earn. Why is there so much worry at the 'winter' of my mums life which should be precious… can anyone help me..
I agree with Pamela in this matter. My wife has in the words in the many consultants, Surgeons, Doctors, Nurses and other assorted medical professionals including local Hospice to End of Life which the original statement was made in 1989. Yes 27 ago by by a Neurological Surgeon who explained that she 2 Astrocylic glioma (Malignant tumors within her brain) he explained that he in some ways was reluctant to operate as he did feel she would survive the operation and if she did her life would be very short. My answer I believe at the time was something like "There is nothing to lose then."
In July 2016. I attended a second Continuing Health Care review and took with a member of my local Health Watch plus a friend who found the experience less than perfect they said. The point was that there were 6/7 people around the table. I said I wanted to record the meeting with chair in an abrupt manner "NO". The panel then introduced themselves. Usain Bolt would have lost this race in the meeting, in which it was clear the decision had already been taken. There was a statement from the chair at which point he told the Note taker NOT to record what he had said. Unfortunately we were not quick enough to get what he said. I see avenue now is at this point to consult with Health Watchdog as I believe, as do my colleagues, that the meeting was unfair.


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The next NeighborWorks Training Institute (NTI) will take place May 22-26 in Minneapolis, MN. The NTI offers more than 100 course offerings in affordable housing development and financing; housing asset management; community engagement; community revitalization; community economic development; housing construction and rehabilitation; financial capability and homeownership education, coaching, and counseling; nonprofit management and leadership; and single-family and small business lending.
More information about the NTI is at: http://bit.ly/1Zx8Ima
Register for the NTI at: http://bit.ly/1ATs8Ia


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Founder at Becsar. Business development Director at Texas Poly. Business development professional. Packaging and Sales expert.
I am an expert in flexible packaging design and manufacturing. I will help you design and create the most effective flexible packaging for your product. From bags to stand up pouches I can point you in the right direction so your product can thrive and last.
Ill help you find a way for your business. No matter what size Ill work with you in getting to where you want to be.
Just embrace the idea of problems being inherent to businesses (startup of not). If you accept them and focus on solving instead of stressing then you will be fine. Paraphrasing Billy Beane in Moneyball: "everything worth doing is extremely hard".


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This post is overdue, which seems to be a trend for me lately. I forgot that a regular job is kind of a time suck. But hey, this week I'm home on script so maybe we'll get some more action here at Killer Zucchini.
When I was up in the Bay Area a few weekends back, we took a trip to the new Academy of Sciences. Located in Golden Gate Park, we started off the day with a picnic in Marx Meadow with food we picked up at the Marin Farmers Market that morning.
The featured picnic foods were: a fresh baguette, Bellweather Farms cheeses, an awesome container of duck rillettes, saucisson, smoked salmon, peaches, plums, orange raspberries, figs, dates and olives. We washed it all down with a good Zin and some sparkling water. I think the duck rillettes were my favorite. How can you go wrong with shredded duck and duck fat?
Stacy, Noah and Robin (Noah's mom aka Agile Lady) were waiting for me to finish taking pics so they could eat already. This one makes me giggle - it looks like the wine bottle is up Noah's nose.
This little guy was at the picnic, too. He was grubbing on the bits and pieces of fruit we tossed to him. I think he makes a good living being adorable to picnickers.
Outside the Academy of Sciences.
When I was a kid, the A of S was my absolute favorite place to be. I think there was a time when I made my parents take me at least once a week. Like many children who grew up in the Bay Area in the 1980s, I had this weird obsession with the two-headed snake they had in their reptile room. It was awesome. I was sad to learn he (they?) had died, but they did have him preserved in a jar down in the Lower Level aquarium. There was also the alligator pit (complete with the old seahorse railing), a version of the touch pool (not nearly as good as the old one) and a nice big anaconda (although I felt like they could have had 75% more snakes overall).
They still had a bunch of the dioramas from the Natural History Museum, too. We didn't get there in time to get Planetarium tickets and we weren't into waiting in the long line for the Rain Forest. I was pretty happy with all the changes. And the building looked beautiful.I especially loved the living roof and all the domes. I told Noah we're so doing this when we buy a house. It's like nature and sci-fi had a baby.
Reliving your youth? Definitely a fun way to spend the day.
Sunday, September 27, 2009
Picnic in the Park
Labels: family, san francisco
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Storehouse Advertising Floor
Experiential design
The Challenge
Create a visitor experience that brings the rich advertising heritage of Guinness to life. No old fashioned exhibits allowed.
Our Response
From "Guinness is Good for You" to "Good Things Come to Those Who Wait", the advertising history of Guinness is as long as it is iconic. We remixed the brand's entire archive of characters, stories and slogans into an unforgettable experience for visitors to the Guinness Storehouse.
Gilroy World
John Gilroy was the genius behind the Guinness illustration style. We reimagined his series of posters that depicted a Guinness-loving zoo keeper and his collection of exotic animals. With the animals escaping from their cages and running wild around the experience, they tell brand stories ad star in many instagram moments.
Moving into a black and white world, we have a seaside scene where the iconic 1996 'A woman need a man like a fish needs a bicycle' TV ad has jumped off the screen and into a larger than life 3D animatronic fish, pedalling away 24 hours a day 365 days a year.
Next door, an animatronic whistling oyster puts on an intimate solo performance, a reference to a vintage 1920s ad displaying one of the brands best and most longstanding food pairings.
Last but not least, a sequence of interactive photo-booths allow visitors to place themselves within iconic vintage Guinness ads and then share these on social media.
Last orders
We hero Guinness Surfer with 20 oversized clocks and six big wave surfboards suspended above a five storey void, paying tribute to the epic "Tick Follows Tock" narration.
Wow Moment
A 24m long by 2.5m tall cinema screen wraps a full 180 degrees to screen the brand's most legendary TV advertising in dramatic effect. 12.1 surround sound delivers crazy volume, giving ads like Surfer (and its bone-shattering soundtrack) a visceral new edge.
Viewers are then plunged into a swirling pint of Guinness, with a bespoke CGI surge background piece enveloping the room, with the sound echoing the waves as they crash through the space.
The Archive Bar
Visitors can access a huge archive of material via iPads, letting them experience everything from print and poster advertising through to TV spots.


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2013 Dog Blog!
As promised, here is a pictorial tribute to all the pooches I was likely enough to meet throughout the Pacific Northwest and along the West Coast. There were more, but unfortunately it was difficult to document the others. Here's to more friends, dog and human, in 2014. Happy New Year everyone!


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Medreflex Line Medical Center
Dr. Petre Muresan, Cluj-Napoca
About us
Affections treated
Centrul medical Medreflex Line din CLuj Napoca - bring your health back using natural tratments and our proven expertise.
Beauty treatments, anti-aging, detox and esthetic medicine using 100% natural procedures and body shaping techniques: 3Max, plasmolifting, Guna method
About MEDREFLEX LINE Medical Center
In the beginning was the Word..."
John chpt. I v. 1
Paraphrasing this superb quoted assertion, I can say that any achievement, any fulfilment in the beginning was an "intention", the "desire" of being, of existing.
Our medical center came into being and is developed with God's help and blessing, with the intention and from the desire to understand, interpret and practise correctly the term of THERAPY, because today it is used on a large scale but missing its true significance.
THERAPY comes from Greek and means Call, Search, Request for Help from the Earth. So therapy is a request for help addressed to the Earth, to the elements of the Earth and to the huge energies stored by these elements. And the Earth comes to help the human being with its elements and the force it was endowed with by the Creator: mineral waters, thermal waters, mud, natural, unaltered nourishment, air, the beautiful framework which should favour and invite us to movement, the gravity with its important part in the good functioning of the organism, the homeopathic remedies which also use the elements of the nature, the precious stones and even grass and the ordinary stones we step on and which stimulate the rebalancing of the organism; and all this if we do not forget to walk barefooted in the grass with the morning dew and on the stones wishing us well, massaging our parts which come into contact with them and through that, resetting the connection with the earth, because it is from the earth that we were taken…..and it is in it that we can find the healing elements.
We the people have sort of forgotten of our origin, we forgot where we are coming from, we forgot about the elements the Creator made us from and we got far from the nature.
We forget to use the plants, the minerals, the elements of nature in general and their force in order to treat ourselves, but we do not forget to use synthesis products, which help us on one hand but on the other hand bring us so many side effects. We do not condemn the modern medicine, we do not deny its enormous progress, we do not contest its extraordinary results, but in a world where we forgot where we are coming from and where we become used to take drugs from our own initiative, our medical center MEDREFLEX LINE would like to be an invitation to going back to nature, to its energies and wonders, to its enormous arsenal put at our disposal and which we can use for our heath.
And because the human body has elements that the nature also has, it means that the body as well is a gift and a "natural element" which can be used in the treatments of his fellows. He (the man) can do that by touching (through massage and reflexotherapy), by taking over himself the negative energies the sick person comes with and by transmitting him the positive ones, then he can do this through the power of the word, giving the sick person the faith, the hope and especially leading him towards the Love which frees and heals. But the limited man cannot take over himself so many negative energies without being himself threatened by destruction and has no enough sources for so many positive energies, unless he is in connection with the Supernatural, with the Infinite, with God. This is why we wish that the treatments from our medical center should have a spiritual component as well.
I have thought of this project for a long time, of this medical center oriented towards the nature and its healing elements and I always think of it as a permanently developing entity opened to everything that is new and that can bring a progress in treating and allaying the human pain. This is why we can speak and we have a special chapter entitled
MEDREFLEX LINE medical center offers very advanced and extremely performant possibilities of:
Diagnosis, through sounds, ultrasounds (see ULTRASONOGRAPHY) and through infrared waves, which are the continuation of the visible light range from the red light part of the spectrum, being thus named infrared (see
Medical recovery treatments through naturist methods and with the help of light, that you shall know better by visiting our site and especially by knowing our medical center, you are kindly invite to turn to, hoping that you shall find here a ray of light in the labyrinth created by your suffering, a ray of hope, of trust and of love, so that all these should give you back the health you need, the health which is a condition of happiness.
I thought of choosing a symbol of the medical center, which should represent us. And because at MEDREFLEX LINE we use very often the light as a method of diagnosis and treatment, I considered the IRIS FLOWER as being very appropriate.
Why the IRIS FLOWER? Because besides the fact that it is so beautiful it also has a special symbology. Even in the Greek mythology the Goddess Iris, sister of the Harpies, was the personified symbol of the rainbow and the messenger between gods and humans. It is said that every time she stepped on the earth, there were beautiful rainbow-coloured flowers growing behind her. In Greek iris means rainbow.
But in the Bible, iris = rainbow, has a special significance, shown in the Book of Genesis chapter 9 v 8---17. Here are some lines from this text: "
I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth........... and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh.......
And the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh ......neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of the flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth."
In a medical center where people come with so many problems, with so many diseases, with so many sufferings, I consider as being extremely important that all the work, all the efforts for helping the sick people, should take place under the sign of hope, of the Covenant.... which promised that... "
the waters shall no more become a flood
"......, meaning that all the waves, all the difficulties, all the problems, all the sufferings, so all the waters that come over the sick person, shall not overwhelm him. I am absolutely sure that God observes the covenant He made, but for this to become really efficient in our life and .... that the waters shall no more become a flood... we must also remember of the covenant we have with God.
This is why at our Medical Center MEDREFLEX LINE we are symbolically waiting for you with an iris flower, which should tell you how much we appreciate you and give you hope and trust, reminding you of the promise that " the waters shall no more become a flood"
Dr. Petre Muresan
Contact us!
Please use the form below to send us your message:
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Destroyers care only about killing. They are forged from the molten heart of their master—Primordus, first of the Elder Dragons to rise. The dwarves forestalled his coming, but at a terrible price. They are all but gone now, and Primordus is rising to destroy all races.
In recent history, the destroyers started appearing at some time before 1078 AE, when humans first met the asura and their dwarven allies after investigating a series of earthquakes around the world. Together, the makeshift alliance of races established a base of operations in the Eye of the North and recruited more allies to the cause, including the Ebon Vanguard, a unit of Ascalonian soldiers operating behind charr front lines, and the individualistic race of hunters, the norn. Their efforts were successful, and the leader of the destroyer horde, the Great Destroyer was slain. However, this only set back the threat by few decades, as the Elder Dragon eventually awakened and rallied its minions anew, driving many races such as the asura, skritt and feral murellows to surface.
While other dragon minions are often corrupted versions of living creatures, destroyers are mindless beings created from rock and fire; they appear as mockeries of living creatures, such as trolls or harpies.[1] However, when a living being is encased by rock, its body could turn into lava, creating a corrupted creature.[2] In addition, the Destroyer Queen has created destroyers using egg-like pods, a feat previously thought impossible or at least not widely known.
Destroyers are often capable of dealing heavy damage in melee combat and are also known to make use of fire magic, and are almost always immune to burning. Sufficient application of force is enough to defeat any destroyer, after which it will break into nothing more than a pile of stone and ashes.
Spoiler alert: The hidden text contains spoilers relating to Living World Season 3.
|Since Primordus moved to the Ring of Fire Islands, the Destroyers found at Ember Bay are different: they still apply burning and retain their base model, but instead of Red, they are dominantly green and black, aswell as having tentacles. They are capable of inflicting further conditions now, mostly poison. After the Death of Zhaitan and Mordremoth, Primordus absorbed remnants of their magic that broke free and augmented his Destroyers with this magic. On the other side, these modifications result in a new weakness of these Destroyers, taking extra damage when they are affected by Chilled.
- See also: Category:Destroyers
- Amplified Destroyer
- Apocalypse Bringer
- Champion Death-Touched Destroyer
- Champion Destroyer Crab
- Champion Destroyer Crabling
- Champion Destroyer Harpy
- Champion Giant Destroyer Crab
- Champion Ignis
- Champion Imbued Aberration (destroyer)
- Champion Molten Desecrator
- Champion Rotting Destroyer
- Champion Vine-Touched Destroyer
- Death-Touched Destroyer
- Destroyer Crab
- Destroyer Crab (summon)
- Destroyer Crabling
- Destroyer Egg
- Destroyer Harpy
- Destroyer Hatchling
- Destroyer Matriarch
- Destroyer Queen
- Destroyer Troll
- Destroyer of Earth
- Destroyer of Worlds
- Elite Death-Touched Destroyer
- Elite Destroyer Crab
- Elite Destroyer Harpy
- Elite Destroyer Troll
- Elite Rotting Destroyer
- Elite Vine-Touched Destroyer
- Evolved Destroyer
- Giant Destroyer Troll
- Legendary Destroyer Aestus
- Legendary Destroyer Ignis
- Megadestroyer
- Molten Dominator
- Obsidian Destroyer Troll
- Primordus Experiment
- Pyroxis
- Reaper of Flesh
- Rotting Destroyer
- Shrunken Destroyer Troll
- Simulacrum of Destroyer Crematus
- Veteran Corrupted Destroyer
- Veteran Death-Touched Destroyer
- Veteran Destroyer Crab
- Veteran Destroyer Crabling
- Veteran Destroyer Harpy
- Veteran Destroyer Lieutenant
- Veteran Destroyer Troll
- Veteran Destroyer of Hope
- Veteran Giant Destroyer Crab
- Veteran Rotting Destroyer
- Veteran Vine-Touched Destroyer
- Vine-Touched Destroyer
- Volatile Destroyer Crab
- Volatile Destroyer Harpy
- Volatile Destroyer Troll
- Volatile Egg
- Concept art
- Destroyer foes found in game are generally melee fighters, with some varieties possessing some abilities akin to fire magic area of effect spells. Burning is most commonly caused condition used by destroyers which they are also resistant to.
See also[edit]
|The Guild Wars Wiki has an article on Destroyer.
- ^ Stéphane Lo Presti and Jeff Grubb, Guild Wars 2 Guru; links broke - image of posts: [1] [2] [3] [4]
- ^ Interview with Jeff Grubb, Ree Soesbee and Scott McGough, GuildMag.com


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We are pleased to invite you for a meeting of the EUROCITIES task-force on the localisation of Sustainable Development Goals, with a focus on mutual learning and presentation of EUROCITIES SDGs Report and activities at EU level.
Post date: 20 Mayo 2019
Type: Evento
The Commission adopted today a draft mandate to engage -- on behalf of the European Union in the negotiations to modernise the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) -- a plurilateral trade and investment agreement applicable to the energy sector to which the EU is part. These negotiations aim to revise the provisions of the Treaty in a way to reflect the EU's reformed approach on investment protection and achieve greater legal certainty and clarity of the rules applicable to the protection of investments.
Post date: 16 Mayo 2019
Type: Noticias
REPLICATE – REnaissance of PLaces with Innovative Citizenship And TEchnologies – is a European research and development project that aims to deploy integrated energy, mobility and ICT solutions in city districts.
Post date: 24 Abr 2019
Type: Enlace
KES International is pleased to invite contributions for SEB-19 taking place in Budapest, Hungary. SEB-19 invites participation and paper submissions across a broad range of sustainability and energy related topics relevant to the main theme of Sustainability in Energy and Buildings. Applicable areas include:
Post date: 3 Abr 2019
Type: Noticias
This atlas is part of the ESPON project Alps 2050 that develops spatial visions and perspectives for the Alpine region towards the year 2050. The spatial perimeter goes beyond the Alps in the morphological sense (which is mostly congruent with the Alpine Convention perimeter) but also considers the Territorial Cooperation Programme Alpine Space and the Macro-regional strategy EUSALP.
Post date: 12 Mar 2019
Type: Publication
Sustainable building practice in Europe has to a large extent been led by green building certification schemes to date. These certifications cover hundreds of millions of m2 of building space and have achieved a high degree of market penetration in the non-residential sector of some European countries.
Post date: 8 Mar 2019
Type: Publication
In the nine years since the last edition of the Procura+ Manual was published, much has changed.
Post date: 5 Mar 2019
Type: Publication
REEEM aims to gain a clear and comprehensive understanding of the system-wide implications of energy strategies in support of transitions to a competitive low-carbon EU energy society, given the objectives and framework outlined in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan. The provisions of the energy services in this society will be defined by their sustainability, affordability, efficiency, energy security and reliability.
Post date: 21 Feb 2019
Type: Enlace
What is PANEL 2050? The Central and Eastern Europe Sustainable Energy Network (CEESEN) was created as a result of the PANEL 2050 project. Partnership for New Energy Leadership (PANEL) 2050 was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme to promote a low-carbon community in Europe by 2050.
Post date: 29 Ene 2019
Type: Enlace
The research project EFIResources: Resource Efficient Construction towards Sustainable Design supports European policies related to the efficient use of resources in construction. Its major goal is the development of a performance-based approach for sustainable design, enabling to assess the resource efficiency of buildings, throughout the complete life cycle.
Post date: 7 Ene 2019
Type: Publication


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To my fellow pilgrims in this season of Lent
In the midst of the troubling news of the tragedy in Christchurch last week and heavy conversations with members of a farming community who are fast running out of water and feed as they wait and hope and pray for rain, it was particularly meaningful to celebrate the act of baptism and hear the familiar words:
… for you Jesus Christ has come, has lived, has suffered;Uniting in Worship
for you, he has endured the agony of Gethsemane and the darkness of Calvary;
for you, he has uttered the cry, 'It is accomplished!'
For you, he has triumphed over death;
for you, he prays at God's right hand.
All for you, even before you were born.
For me, Christ's journey to the cross – much like God's choice to come into our midst in the form of a tiny, vulnerable baby – is a poignant reminder that God shares in our daily life, our suffering, and our death, and that, one day, we will share in the power of Christ's resurrection.
In Luke's Gospel this journey (beginning shortly after his transfiguration) takes ten chapters to tell as Jesus follows the pilgrim's route through Samaria; stops over with Mary, Martha and Lazarus in Bethany; and even eats in the home of a tax collector in Jericho. Though Jerusalem is his destination, he does not rush or brush people off or dismiss the daily needs of fellow pilgrims on the way as petty in the grand scheme of what he will soon accomplish.
He heals. He teaches. He encourages. He comforts. He visits.
He takes his time because the salvation of the world is not only about an eternal end goal but about us knowing the blessing of God being close to us in each and every day of life's journey.
In Luke 13:1-9, as he tells a tale about a fruitless fig tree to those who are wondering about whether God is with them in light of the terrible time that they have had of late, I identify with the owner of the vineyard who just wants to cut it down and clear the space for something better. I recognise that I am hasty and full of judgement. I confess that I get frustrated with things that eat up my time or energy without actually accomplishing anything. I acknowledge that my sense of time always seems more urgent than the gardener who not only asks that the poor fig tree be given another year, but promises to nurture and feed it that it may bear fruit.
The invitation of this week in Lent is threefold:
- to slow down! Take some time out to walk, to wander, to visit with a friend, to be still, to be open to signs of God's love with and within you.
- to confess – our frustration, our impatience, our careless haste.
- to pray – for rain, for grace for the sinner and healing for the hurting, for the salvation of the world and for the part that God would have us play in it.
For us, Christ has endured much, accomplished much, and continues to pray much. May we, in turn, bear much fruit as we live in and with and through his great love for us.
Yours, in Christ,


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Following on from the amazing fun we had doing our first Pop-Up Shop in Hackney back in July, Milk & Biscuits is back with a special Creative Christmas shop! Open from Tuesday 13th December to Saturday 17th December inclusive, we're holding a fabulously collaborative series of crafty events – with special activities for the kids on the Thursday night with Little Art Forms (along with some late night shopping for the parents who can warm their cockles with a cup of mulled wine and a homemade mince pie.) On Saturday, the kids can get involved with a special badge-making workshop provided by The Amazing Art Cart. There will also be great discounts off apparel including our Autumn/Winter collection and even some of our Spring/summer 17 collection will be exclusively available at the shop.
Come along and check it out @ The Hackney Shop: 99 Morning Lane, E9 6ND
Sketch Books: Marks + Collage
Thursday 15th of December
Session 1 = 4.00 – 5.00pm / Session 2 = 5.30 – 6.30pm
In this workshop children will be given a beautifully designed sketchbook to reshape, using a variety of art materials. They will also have the opportunity to explore and learn about the historical and contemporary artists that feature throughout the book. Curated by art therapist Grace Thompson, and designed by Illustrator Peter Cline, The Little Art Forms Sketchbook was developed to ignite and encourage creativity and imaginative thinking. Packed full of images that highlight and bring together the work of contemporary and historical artists from around the world, their images act as a springboard for ideas, and to ignite and encourage children's imaginative thinking. Ages 2 + All materials supplied: Limited places available. £10 a child, please book in advance HERE (Please note parents/guardians cannot leave their children unattended.)
Badge Making Workshop
Saturday the 17th of December 3.00 – 5.00pm
Join The Amazing Art Cart for their DIY badge making workshop. They'll be providing shiny patterned papers and bright coloured stickers for you to design and create your very own bespoke badge. Fabulous gifts for kids to make themselves – you no longer need to worry about what to give Granddad – here's your answer #theywillwearitwithpride. This is a drop-in workshop, free for all to attend from ages 4+. Please note parents/guardians cannot leave their children unattended.


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The COMP Cams 40th Anniversary 1969 Chevrolet Camaro convertible freshly restored by the V8 Speed & Resto Shop headed for home today! The COMP Cams team picked up the car from our shop in Red Bud, IL, and made the journey to COMP headquarters in Mephis without a hitch... and yes, they drove the car! We're happy for COMP and proud of the V8 Speed & Resto Shop Crew for the great work on this car and look forward to seeing it again at the 2016 SEMA Show in Las Vegas!
According to the nubers, there were only 38 of these first generation 1967 Excalibur roadsters built, and the V8 Speed & Resto Shop crew just finished a freshening on a very cool maroon version for a great customer. The car is powered by a 1967 Chevrolet Corvette 327 and is hooked to a Borg-Warner 3-speed automatic transmission, and features functional side exiting pipes and dual exhaust. The chassis is basically a stretched 1964 Studebaker Lark, with front disc brakes and a third headlight that turns with the steering wheel, like a Tucker Torpedo. Inside, you'll find an engine-turned dash with Stewart Warner gauges and an original Motorola radio. This car is showing just over 19,000 miles on the odometer, and had not run in years before being delivered to the V8 Speed & Resto Shop for a tune-up and some new wide whitewalls from Diamond Back Classics. These are rare and unusual cars, and we're happy to keep them on the road!
Click "Read More" for the complete photo gallery!
Contact the V8 Speed & Resto Shop with all your Classic or Muscle Car needs today!
Read more: Rare 1967 Excalibur Heads Home To Owner From V8 Speed & Resto Shop
This 1964 Ford Galaxie 500 XL rumbles thanks to a 460+ cubic inch 428 fed by two four barrel Holleys on top, and is shifted with a 4-speed manual transmission. The car came to the V8 Speed & Resto Shop for some basic maintenance, as well as bodywork and a re-spray. More photos after the break!
Read more: 1964 Ford Galaxie 500 XL Bodywork And Paint At V8 Speed & Resto Shop
This sweet 1973 Pontiac Trans Am is heading home after a trip to the V8 Speed & Resto Shop for some A/C repairs, new rear gears, a stance adjustment, and some other maintenance items. This car is running a factory 455-cube Pontiac V8 and is finished in Buccaneer Red. While our shop did not restore this car, we performed a variety of tasks to complete the beautiful restroation.
This 1968 Oldsmobile is a great looking car that drives and handles well, but the owner wanted more power and modern-day drivability. Did we mention he wanted a LOT more power? In this 6-part series, we install a modern supercharged 6.2 Liter GM LSA Connect & Cruise engine and transmission. Follow along as we cover the whole process in this series. You can contact us at the V8 Speed & Resto Shop at http://www.v8speedshop.com or at 314.783.8325 for any of the parts you see in this video, or to have us convert your ride for you!
We had a great time building the ZR9 Camaro in the V8 Speed & Resto Shop, and we recently had the chance to take some cool shots of the car. What do you think?
See more of the ZR9 by clicking the link! http://www.v8tvshow.com/zr9
This 1965 Chevrolet Impala came to the shop in boxes, and now it stands tall...even with a low stance! It's powered by a 6.0 Chevrolet EFI V8, backed by a 6-speed manual transmission.
We were pretty stoked to see the 1955 Chevy gasser "Mr. Chevy" and hauler featured in this month's Hot Rod Magazine! Learn more about Mr. Chevy at http://www.v8tvshow.com/mrchevy
GET THE TEE SHIRT! http://www.v8tvshow.com/chevelleshirt
The V8TV / V8 Speed & Resto Shop crew just finished the complete restoration of a slick 1969 Chevelle.
This '79 Pontiac Trans Am was restored once, then became the unfortunate victim of a rear-end collision. The car came to the V8 Speed & Resto Shop for repairs and a few upgrades to transform it into the stunning car you see here. This was another car that would attract passers-by to stop and stare or take photos when it was parked in front of our shop!
You can see the complete photo gallery for this car HERE.
The 1957 Chevrolet project has been returned to the road! The V8 Speed & Resto Shop Crew has completed the restoration of the chassis, suspension, engine repairs, interior upgrades, some paint work, trim, glass, and other details to make this former barn-dweller a highway flyer once again. Who wouldn't have fun in a bright red '57 Bel Air complete with a 396 under the hood and a 4-speed shifter in hand?
You can see the comlpete photo gallery featuring every step of this process HERE.
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Cleaning of cottages after repair in Kiev
«Z&Z Cleaning Services» – Cleaning company that specializes in cleaning services residential and commercial premises! Housekeeping cottages renovated – one of the main directions of our work, which is engaged in the implementation of the best highly competent specialists.
Our main goal – to provide you the most reasonable price, and the highest professional performance of the services. We guarantee you the best quality of their execution, and quite reasonable prices. The Z & Z Cleaning Services, you can get a specialized and highly professional cleaning services all over Kiev and the region, at affordable cost!
Today, there are many, like ours, cleaning companies, dealing with cleaning. But, not every one of them can boast of a reasonable value for money. For our professionals do not have difficulties in your work! We provide high quality services, regardless of the complexity of the object. Only our company is able to offer such attractive terms – the highest and unsurpassed performance of the services, at the best value and attractive!
Our team of professionals united with dexterity uses high-tech tools for the job, as well as better detergents. We can provide you not only the purity and freshness of the premises, but also comfort. You never have to worry about the safety of your expensive items, furniture – because his work we carry out extremely carefully, and high-quality.
Carried out by us highly quality cleaning services, will be able to satisfy even the most demanding and fastidious customer. Housekeeping cottages renovated – made by our specialists to fully answer all of your existing requests at the affordable price!


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Starsector 0.9.1a is out! (05/10/19); Blog post: Painting the Stars (02/07/20)
Wyvern is 100% correct about the math.
Quote from: ANGRYABOUTELVES on June 01, 2017, 01:50:28 PMMore likely the Odyssey will be able to hit destroyers and frigates with one or two large energies, and that's much more survivable.Do not count on that. Medusa is faster and it cannot catch some frigates. Frigates will be able to kite, swarm, and kill no problem. It is the cruisers and slow destroyers (like Enforcer and some carriers) that may have trouble, and that is fine since Odyssey is weak against other capitals.HIL is stopped by most shields, and it is a bad flux trade for the attacker. Tachyon Lance is good, but needs hard flux to bypass shields. Any other large energy, Odyssey gets outranged by many ballistic users and Paragon.Remember, Onslaught and Legion have Burn Drive for more speed. Conquest has Maneuvering Jets for more speed. Paragon has Advanced Targeting Core to compensate for poor mobility and fixes energy weapons' range weakness. Astral is the master of fighters thanks to six bays and Fighter Recall, and fighters have even more range than Paragon. Odyssey has... nothing to compensate for slow speed and shot range, except one fighter bay, which is not much better than a Converted Hangar Onslaught and Paragon can get (and those two ships have some OP to spare). The 80 speed and two fighter bays should not make Odyssey overpowered, but to at least compete with the other capitals. That is kind of why the shield change to 1.0 is baffling.
More likely the Odyssey will be able to hit destroyers and frigates with one or two large energies, and that's much more survivable.
Aurora wants to be an aggressive hunter-killer ship and absolutely excels in this role but all the variants are strange declawed support boats.
and the Odyssey really doesn't have the spare OP to put more points into flux capacitors to take advantage of the shield ratio.
I take it the interdiction pulse nullifies transverse jumps chargeup?Meaning you need to start transversing jumping once again if you, for example, manage to successfully withdraw from the fight?
Anything resembling an ETA for this?
Fixed crash on star system info screen if planet had 4 or more moons


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by Sanjeet Mall | SAPinsider
January 1, 2010
In the present economy, your company is likely keeping a tight lid on IT spending and refraining from any huge splurges on technology. And for those investments that your company is making in IT, you must ensure that whatever you buy will provide not only short-term efficiencies and cost savings, but also long-term value and the ability to fulfill future business requirements that may arise.
In the customer relationship management (CRM) space, for example, two of the most-implemented CRM scenarios are call center software and sales force automation (SFA) tools. Let's investigate the long-term value of an end-to-end, integrated solution in each of these scenarios, as well as the pitfalls of a shortsighted, cost-only investment decision.
A call center is a must-have function for a customer-focused organization. But it's not a cheap operation to run, regardless of the software you use to support it. That's why many organizations are pushing first-level support online — to Web portals and interactive forums, for example. For these organizations, the call center is the last line of defense.
But even if your organization already leverages online support channels and runs a lean-and-mean call center, can technology still deliver additional value — and lower costs? The answer is most definitely yes, but only if you choose the right technology and the right software partner.
Let's consider an example. Most public transport authorities — railways, for instance — field countless incoming customer queries: Because of the weather delay, will my train leave on time? Has the train from New York City arrived yet? How many seats are available on the 10:15 train to Paris? One way to field this influx of customer calls is to institute a central call center with dedicated agents and then route all questions there. This solution works, but it is very expensive.
Another (more efficient) solution is to route incoming calls to railway officials in remote locations. These remote employees have access to all the relevant train schedules and station information they would need to properly answer customers' questions — and they have the extra bandwidth to field these questions when their remote stations aren't busy. Extend this concept further, and you could employ anybody with a phone and a computer to provide basic scheduling services for customers.
To make this decentralized yet adaptive call center strategy work correctly, you need software that enables the following capabilities:
These capabilities represent a basic view of a much more complicated process — all to answer questions as simple as whether or not a train is delayed. But the technological inner workings of an efficient call center should stay behind the scenes; the end customer should be shielded from technical complexity.
With SAP systems, this call center workflow is seamless to the end user. There is excellent synergy between all of the involved systems — they were each designed to do a particular job, but they were also designed to work together perfectly. This is the real value proposition of an end-to-end solution.
Let's look at another example of a commonly implemented CRM scenario. When it comes to CRM, most companies want to start with a sales force automation solution. SFA technology is fairly straightforward in terms of scope (it typically consists of tools that automate and record the end-to-end sales process), and it enables your sales force to plan better, execute more efficiently, and reduce redundancies in their day-to-day activities.
An SFA solution can be a very smart and valuable investment for an organization — but only if you select the right technology. If you buy a solution that only solves your short-term SFA needs, you could be missing out on massive long-term value. For example, if the SFA solution is not integrated with SAP ERP, you won't be able to see the payment history of your target account. There's also a very real possibility that you'll have to completely "redo" your system landscape in the long run if you implement a short-term solution now. So how can you avoid falling into this trap?
At its core, an SFA solution helps sales reps plan better so that they can do more with the limited resources they have. Every day, your sales force likely focuses on outbound activities for one of two purposes:
(Depending on your industry, these processes may have slightly different names, but the functions are essentially the same.) To optimize these two activities, you need a plan, and then you need your sales force to execute on that plan.
A good sales plan needs to reflect your company's overall strategy — whether that is maximizing revenue, maximizing profit, increasing market share, or something else entirely. It must also clearly state what sales reps' objectives are, how their success will be measured, and what needs to happen weekly (or even daily) to ensure that reps are headed in the right direction. Remember, too, that resources are always limited, so sales reps will need to maximize every call or visit in line with your overall corporate strategy. For example, if your overall objective is to maximize revenue, your sales rep would need to target accounts with the biggest sales volume — not the biggest margins — in order to execute on the overall strategy.
To get your plan into a format that sales reps can execute on, you need key metrics like profitability analysis, past order history, return rates, probability of a buy, opportunity cost, probable length of the sales cycle, and more, so that the reps can strategize their sales calls and visits. This information comes from various systems — your ERP system, your data warehouse, or a different legacy or third-party solution. The job of a CRM system is not to own all of the information, but to make it available in an intuitive and actionable format (see Figure 2). When crafting your sales plan, mere snapshots of loosely related customer data aren't helpful. This is why many one-off SFA solutions will fall short; they simply can't provide the depth, breadth, and ease of information access that an integrated suite of end-to-end enterprise applications can provide.
Now that you have a plan in place, you need to execute. Again, you need to provide your sales organization with the right toolset — be it one application (unlikely for an efficient organization) or multiple information sources — to execute on your plan in line with your big-picture strategy. Above all, you cannot afford to miss any opportunities to gather and analyze customer information — and these things need to happen transparently and seamlessly. Your current sales cycle needs to generate valuable information and insight for the next cycle. And then, the next cycle needs to be refined based on your organizational goals — revenue maximization, for example.
For this to happen, you need tools that can slice and dice data in real time. This is where the value proposition of a connected SFA system shines brightest. The vital information you have in SAP ERP must be realized in the front-end CRM system. If it's not, then you are ignoring quite a valuable chunk of information. For data to evolve into valuable insight, you need to analyze it through an application like SAP NetWeaver BW or any of the SAP BusinessObjects business intelligence (BI) solutions (see Figure 3). These systems need to work together in real time — with no down time. And the only way they are going to do that (at a reasonable cost) is if they've been designed that way.
Make no mistake about it: The single most important and underestimated reason for project failure is tenuous integration between systems. You need a software partner that provides this integration out of the box and offers best-of-breed functionality for all aspects of the process. This is not only a software solution — it's a comprehensive set of best practices that are continually refined year after year. And this only comes from experience implementing tens of thousands of systems globally.
Technology is always changing in a quest to become faster, cheaper, and more powerful. And that's a good thing. A savvy organization is one that can distinguish flash-in-the-pan trends from truly valuable enhancements; it can wisely adopt certain technologies — and completely ignore others — to achieve its business goals.
To get there, many organizations work with a tested, reliable technology partner that can provide all the technological options (on-premise, hosted, hybrid, and on-demand), rather than entrusting valuable enterprise business processes and information to a hosted partner, whose future existence may be unstable.
Your software investments need to grow with you — they must be seamlessly integrated with each other; they must be globalized; they must be secure, reliable, and available 24/7; and they must support you, regardless of the direction you may want to take your business in the future. If these are attributes you value in a software vendor, I'd encourage you to think twice about investing heavily with hosted solution providers. Hosted applications will surely continue to mature, but for critical enterprise functions, an on-premise provider may be your best bet.
For more information, please visit www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/crm/index.epx.
Sanjeet Mall (email@example.com) is Vice President of CRM Solution Management at SAP AG. He has more than 10 years of experience in putting technology to work to solve business problems. Sanjeet has been working with SAP CRM since SAP CRM 3.0 and has served as a product manager and chief CRM consultant for many Fortune 100 companies. He is also currently spearheading SAP's unified communications initiative. Sanjeet holds degrees in computer science and business.
1 To learn more about SAP Business Communications Management software, which replaces traditional communications systems hardware with a software-based IP telephony solution, please visit www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/crm/businesscommunications/index.epx. [back]
2 For example, calls can be routed based on customer classification information pulled from SAP Customer Relationship Management (SAP CRM) or payment history from SAP ERP. [back]
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My flower delivery service
Beautiful roses bouquet with beautiful red roses and greens.Important: Please keep in mind that prices of roses vary based on season and holidays (e.g Christmas, Valentines Day, etc..).The bouquet and the number of the flowers may vary from the pictured bouquet. If the local florist doesn't have the listed flowers, he will deliver a substitute of equal or higher value.
Delivery throughout the day (aprox. 09:00-19:00).
Next delivery date:


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The focus of this chapter is on education as a social right and particularly the formation of 'active citizens' through cognitive behavioural techniques adopted by schools across Sweden. On the basis of interviews with staff from two different schools, as well as manuals, the analysis focuses on two therapeutic programmes. The theoretical point of departure is the theorization of governmentality developed in the wake of the work of Michel Foucault. The various techniques initiated within these programmes make a certain kind of governing possible – 'governing in the name of freedom'. Overall, the teaching within these programmes can be viewed as expressing an advanced liberal governance, which involves educating children into active citizens, with the responsibility for developing their own future and both willing and able to take responsibility for their actions, rather than into passive bearers of rights.
Table of contents
What's Rights got to do with it - Social Rights and Welfare Services
Children's Rights and the Modern Human Rights System
In the Name of Freedom - Governmentality, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and the Will to Activate
Bussing of Ethnic Minority Children - Rights and Duties in Education in a Welfare and Competition State
Implementing the 'Best Interests Principle' in the Nordic Welfare State - A Gap Between Rhetoric and Reality for Children's Rights in the Case of Asylum Seeking Children
The Life of Children in Sheltered Housing
'As an Educator you Have to fix Many Things on Your own' - Teachers' Perspectives on Organizing Inclusion in Various Welfare Contexts
Social Work in a Center for Unaccompanied Children in Sweden - A Child Rights Perspektive
A Model of Participation in School Life